TY - JOUR T1 - Alkane biosynthesis by Aspergillus carbonarius ITEM 5010 through heterologous expression of Synechococcus elongatus acyl-ACP/CoA reductase and aldehyde deformylating oxygenase genes AN - 1859482896; PQ0004018239 AB - In this study we describe the heterologous expression of the recently identified cyanobacterial pathway for long chain alkane biosynthesis, involving the reduction of fatty acyl-ACP to fatty aldehyde and the subsequent conversion of this into alkanes, in the filamentous fungus Aspergillus carbonarius ITEM 5010. Genes originating from Synechococcus elongatus strain PCC7942, encoding acyl-ACP/CoA reductase and aldehyde deformylating oxygenase enzymes, were successfully expressed in A. carbonarius, which lead to the production of pentadecane and heptadecane, alkanes that have not been previously produced by this fungus. Titers of 0.2, 0.5 and 2.7 mg/l pentadecane and 0.8, 1.6 and 10.2 mg/l heptadecane were achieved using glucose, Yeast malt and oatmeal media, respectively. Besides producing alkanes, we found elevated levels of internal free fatty acids and triglycerides in the alkane producing transformant. These findings can indicate that a yet unidentified, native fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase channels back the fatty aldehydes into the fatty acid metabolism, thus competing for substrate with the heterologously expressed fatty aldehyde deformylating oxygenase. These findings will potentially facilitate the future application of robust, fungal cell factories for the production of advanced biofuels from various substrates. JF - AMB Express AU - Sinha, Malavika AU - Weyda, Istvan AU - Soerensen, Annette AU - Bruno, Kenneth S AU - Ahring, Birgitte K AD - Bioproducts, Sciences and Engineering Laboratory, Washington State University, 2710 Crimson Way, Richland, WA, 99354, USA, bka@wsu.edu Y1 - 2017/12// PY - 2017 DA - December 2017 SP - 1 EP - 9 PB - Springer Science & Business Media, Berlin/Heidelberg VL - 7 IS - 1 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Alkanes KW - Heptadecane KW - Synechococcus elongatus KW - Glucose KW - Enzymes KW - Aspergillus carbonarius KW - reductase KW - Triglycerides KW - Fatty acids KW - Mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue KW - Oxygenase KW - Aldehyde dehydrogenase KW - Biofuels KW - Metabolism KW - W 30925:Genetic Engineering KW - K 03320:Cell Biology KW - A 01300:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1859482896?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AMB+Express&rft.atitle=Alkane+biosynthesis+by+Aspergillus+carbonarius+ITEM+5010+through+heterologous+expression+of+Synechococcus+elongatus+acyl-ACP%2FCoA+reductase+and+aldehyde+deformylating+oxygenase+genes&rft.au=Sinha%2C+Malavika%3BWeyda%2C+Istvan%3BSoerensen%2C+Annette%3BBruno%2C+Kenneth+S%3BAhring%2C+Birgitte+K&rft.aulast=Sinha&rft.aufirst=Malavika&rft.date=2017-12-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AMB+Express&rft.issn=2191-0855&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2Fs13568-016-0321-x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - Last updated - 2017-03-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alkanes; Heptadecane; reductase; Triglycerides; Glucose; Fatty acids; Enzymes; Mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue; Aldehyde dehydrogenase; Oxygenase; Metabolism; Biofuels; Aspergillus carbonarius; Synechococcus elongatus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13568-016-0321-x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Self-Assembled Fe-N-Doped Carbon Nanotube Aerogels with Single-Atom Catalyst Feature as High-Efficiency Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysts. AN - 1865541001; 28165196 AB - Self-assembled M-N-doped carbon nanotube aerogels with single-atom catalyst feature are for the first time reported through one-step hydrothermal route and subsequent facile annealing treatment. By taking advantage of the porous nanostructures, 1D nanotubes as well as single-atom catalyst feature, the resultant Fe-N-doped carbon nanotube aerogels exhibit excellent oxygen reduction reaction electrocatalytic performance even better than commercial Pt/C in alkaline solution. JF - Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) AU - Zhu, Chengzhou AU - Fu, Shaofang AU - Song, Junhua AU - Shi, Qiurong AU - Su, Dong AU - Engelhard, Mark H AU - Li, Xiaolin AU - Xiao, Dongdong AU - Li, Dongsheng AU - Estevez, Luis AU - Du, Dan AU - Lin, Yuehe AD - School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA. ; Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA. ; Environmental Molecular Science Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99354, USA. ; Energy and Environmental Directory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99354, USA. Y1 - 2017/02/06/ PY - 2017 DA - 2017 Feb 06 KW - aerogels KW - single-atom catalysts KW - oxygen reduction reaction KW - nonprecious metal catalysts KW - transition metal-nitrogen-carbon structures UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1865541001?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Small+%28Weinheim+an+der+Bergstrasse%2C+Germany%29&rft.atitle=Self-Assembled+Fe-N-Doped+Carbon+Nanotube+Aerogels+with+Single-Atom+Catalyst+Feature+as+High-Efficiency+Oxygen+Reduction+Electrocatalysts.&rft.au=Zhu%2C+Chengzhou%3BFu%2C+Shaofang%3BSong%2C+Junhua%3BShi%2C+Qiurong%3BSu%2C+Dong%3BEngelhard%2C+Mark+H%3BLi%2C+Xiaolin%3BXiao%2C+Dongdong%3BLi%2C+Dongsheng%3BEstevez%2C+Luis%3BDu%2C+Dan%3BLin%2C+Yuehe&rft.aulast=Zhu&rft.aufirst=Chengzhou&rft.date=2017-02-06&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Small+%28Weinheim+an+der+Bergstrasse%2C+Germany%29&rft.issn=1613-6829&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fsmll.201603407 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2017-02-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-18 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smll.201603407 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A multiscale hydro-geochemical-mechanical approach to analyze faulted CO sub(2) reservoirs AN - 1868329120; PQ0004088351 AB - This paper applies a multiscale hydro-geochemical-mechanical approach to analyze faulted CO sub(2) reservoirs using the STOMP-CO2-R code that is coupled to the ABAQUS super( registered ) finite element package. STOMP-CO2-R models the reactive transport of CO sub(2) causing mineral composition changes that are captured by an Eshelby-Mori-Tanka model implemented in ABAQUS super( registered ). A three-dimensional (3D) STOMP-CO2-R model for a reservoir containing an inclined fault was built to analyze a formation containing a reaction network with five minerals: albite, anorthite, calcite, kaolinite, and quartz. A 3D finite element mesh that exactly maps the STOMP-CO2-R grid was developed for coupled analyses. The model contains alternating sandstone and shale layers. The impact of reactive transport of CO sub(2) on the geomechanical properties of reservoir rocks are studied in terms of mineral composition changes that affect their geomechanical responses. Simulations assuming extensional and compressional stress regimes with and without coupled geochemistry are performed to study the stress regime effect on the risk of hydraulic fracture. The fault slip is examined as functions of stress regime, geomechanical, geochemical-mechanical effects, fault inclination, and position. The results show that mineralogical changes due to CO sub(2) injection reduce the permeability and elastic modulus of the reservoir, leading to increased fluid pressure and risk of fracture in the injection location and the caprock seal. Shear failure in the fault leading to fault reactivation was not predicted to occur. However, stress regime, fault inclination, and fault position in light of the coupled hydro-geochemical-mechanical analysis have an important impact on the slip tendency factor and elastic fault slip. JF - Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology AU - Nguyen, Ba Nghiep AU - Hou, Zhangshuan AU - Bacon, Diana H AU - White, Mark D AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA. Y1 - 2017/02// PY - 2017 DA - February 2017 SP - 106 EP - 127 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD United Kingdom VL - 7 IS - 1 SN - 2152-3878, 2152-3878 KW - Environment Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Hydraulics KW - Permeability KW - Sandstone KW - Risk factors KW - Geochemistry KW - Stress KW - Simulation KW - Mineral composition KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Minerals KW - ENA 11:Non-Renewable Resources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1868329120?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Greenhouse+Gases%3A+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=A+multiscale+hydro-geochemical-mechanical+approach+to+analyze+faulted+CO+sub%282%29+reservoirs&rft.au=Nguyen%2C+Ba+Nghiep%3BHou%2C+Zhangshuan%3BBacon%2C+Diana+H%3BWhite%2C+Mark+D&rft.aulast=Nguyen&rft.aufirst=Ba&rft.date=2017-02-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=106&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Greenhouse+Gases%3A+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=21523878&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fghg.1616 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2017-03-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Permeability; Hydraulics; Sandstone; Risk factors; Geochemistry; Simulation; Stress; Mineral composition; Greenhouse gases; Carbon dioxide; Minerals DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ghg.1616 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Trade-offs between microbiome diversity and productivity in a stratified microbial mat AN - 1868324025; PQ0004061678 AB - Productivity is a major determinant of ecosystem diversity. Microbial ecosystems are the most diverse on the planet yet very few relationships between diversity and productivity have been reported as compared with macro-ecological studies. Here we evaluated the spatial relationships of productivity and microbiome diversity in a laboratory-cultivated photosynthetic mat. The goal was to determine how spatial diversification of microorganisms drives localized carbon and energy acquisition rates. We measured sub-millimeter depth profiles of net primary productivity and gross oxygenic photosynthesis in the context of the localized microenvironment and community structure, and observed negative correlations between species richness and productivity within the energy-replete, photic zone. Variations between localized community structures were associated with distinct taxa as well as environmental profiles describing a continuum of biological niches. Spatial regions in the photic zone corresponding to high primary productivity and photosynthesis rates had relatively low-species richness and high evenness. Hence, this system exhibited negative species-productivity and species-energy relationships. These negative relationships may be indicative of stratified, light-driven microbial ecosystems that are able to be the most productive with a relatively smaller, even distributions of species that specialize within photic zones. JF - ISME Journal AU - Bernstein, Hans C AU - Brislawn, Colin AU - Renslow, Ryan S AU - Dana, Karl AU - Morton, Beau AU - Lindemann, Stephen R AU - Song, Hyun-Seob AU - Atci, Erhan AU - Beyenal, Haluk AU - Fredrickson, James K AU - Jansson, Janet K AU - Moran, James J AD - Chemical and Biological Signature Science, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA; Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA; The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA Y1 - 2017/02// PY - 2017 DA - February 2017 SP - 405 EP - 414 PB - Nature Publishing Group, The Macmillan Building London N1 9XW United Kingdom VL - 11 IS - 2 SN - 1751-7362, 1751-7362 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Environment Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Photosynthesis KW - Niches KW - Carbon KW - Community structure KW - Energy KW - Microorganisms KW - Microenvironments KW - Taxa KW - Species richness KW - A 01450:Environmental Pollution & Waste Treatment KW - ENA 21:Wildlife KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1868324025?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ISME+Journal&rft.atitle=Trade-offs+between+microbiome+diversity+and+productivity+in+a+stratified+microbial+mat&rft.au=Bernstein%2C+Hans+C%3BBrislawn%2C+Colin%3BRenslow%2C+Ryan+S%3BDana%2C+Karl%3BMorton%2C+Beau%3BLindemann%2C+Stephen+R%3BSong%2C+Hyun-Seob%3BAtci%2C+Erhan%3BBeyenal%2C+Haluk%3BFredrickson%2C+James+K%3BJansson%2C+Janet+K%3BMoran%2C+James+J&rft.aulast=Bernstein&rft.aufirst=Hans&rft.date=2017-02-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=405&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ISME+Journal&rft.issn=17517362&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fismej.2016.133 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2017-03-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Carbon; Photosynthesis; Community structure; Energy; Niches; Microorganisms; Microenvironments; Species richness; Taxa DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2016.133 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Emission scenarios: Explaining differences AN - 1868321381; PQ0004081433 JF - Nature Climate Change AU - Iyer, Gokul AU - Edmonds, James AD - Joint Global Change Research Institute, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, College Park, Maryland 20740, USA Y1 - 2017/02// PY - 2017 DA - February 2017 SP - 99 EP - 100 PB - Nature Publishing Group, The Macmillan Building London N1 9XW United Kingdom VL - 7 IS - 2 SN - 1758-678X, 1758-678X KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1868321381?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Climate+Change&rft.atitle=Emission+scenarios%3A+Explaining+differences&rft.au=Iyer%2C+Gokul%3BEdmonds%2C+James&rft.aulast=Iyer&rft.aufirst=Gokul&rft.date=2017-02-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=99&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+Climate+Change&rft.issn=1758678X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnclimate3200 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2017-03-01 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nclimate3200 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - PFLOTRAN-E4D: A parallel open source PFLOTRAN module for simulating time-lapse electrical resistivity data AN - 1859501042; PQ0004015031 AB - Time-lapse electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) is finding increased application for remotely monitoring processes occurring in the near subsurface in three-dimensions (i.e. 4D monitoring). However, there are few codes capable of simulating the evolution of subsurface resistivity and corresponding tomographic measurements arising from a particular process, particularly in parallel and with an open source license. Herein we describe and demonstrate an electrical resistivity tomography module for the PFLOTRAN subsurface flow and reactive transport simulation code, named PFLOTRAN-E4D. The PFLOTRAN-E4D module operates in parallel using a dedicated set of compute cores in a master-slave configuration. At each time step, the master processes receives subsurface states from PFLOTRAN, converts those states to bulk electrical conductivity, and instructs the slave processes to simulate a tomographic data set. The resulting multi-physics simulation capability enables accurate feasibility studies for ERT imaging, the identification of the ERT signatures that are unique to a given process, and facilitates the joint inversion of ERT data with hydrogeological data for subsurface characterization. PFLOTRAN-E4D is demonstrated herein using a field study of stage-driven groundwater/river water interaction ERT monitoring along the Columbia River, Washington, USA. Results demonstrate the complex nature of subsurface electrical conductivity changes, in both the saturated and unsaturated zones, arising from river stage fluctuations and associated river water intrusion into the aquifer. The results also demonstrate the sensitivity of surface based ERT measurements to those changes over time. PFLOTRAN-E4D is available with the PFLOTRAN development version with an open-source license at https://bitbucket.org/pflotran/pflotran-dev. JF - Computers & Geosciences AU - Johnson, Timothy C AU - Hammond, Glenn E AU - Chen, Xingyuan AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, P.O. Box 999, MSIN K9-33, Richland, WA 99352, USA Y1 - 2017/02// PY - 2017 DA - February 2017 SP - 72 EP - 80 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 99 SN - 0098-3004, 0098-3004 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Hydrogeophysics KW - Time-lapse geophysics KW - Electrical resistivity tomography KW - Groundwater KW - Simulation KW - Multi-physics KW - Parallel KW - Open-source KW - Aquifers KW - Feasibility KW - Aquifer KW - Licenses KW - Electrical resistivity KW - USA, Columbia R. KW - Subsurface flow KW - Freshwater KW - INE, USA, Washington KW - Resistivity KW - Electrical conductivity KW - Rivers KW - Simulation Analysis KW - Conductivity KW - River stages KW - River discharge KW - Inversions KW - Imaging techniques KW - Numerical simulations KW - River water KW - Monitoring KW - Evolution KW - SW 0810:General KW - Q2 09182:Methods and instruments KW - M2 556.34:Groundwater Flow (556.34) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1859501042?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computers+%26+Geosciences&rft.atitle=PFLOTRAN-E4D%3A+A+parallel+open+source+PFLOTRAN+module+for+simulating+time-lapse+electrical+resistivity+data&rft.au=Johnson%2C+Timothy+C%3BHammond%2C+Glenn+E%3BChen%2C+Xingyuan&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft.date=2017-02-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=&rft.spage=72&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computers+%26+Geosciences&rft.issn=00983004&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.cageo.2016.09.006 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Aquifer; Feasibility; River water; Electrical conductivity; River discharge; Electrical resistivity; Imaging techniques; Inversions; Aquifers; Numerical simulations; River stages; Subsurface flow; Simulation Analysis; Conductivity; Licenses; Groundwater; Monitoring; Evolution; Resistivity; USA, Columbia R.; INE, USA, Washington; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2016.09.006 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - How Adverse Outcome Pathways Can Aid the Development and Use of Computational Prediction Models for Regulatory Toxicology. AN - 1851296771; 27994170 AB - Efforts are underway to transform regulatory toxicology and chemical safety assessment from a largely empirical science based on direct observation of apical toxicity outcomes in whole organism toxicity tests to a predictive one in which outcomes and risk are inferred from accumulated mechanistic understanding. The adverse outcome pathway (AOP) framework provides a systematic approach for organizing knowledge that may support such inference. Likewise, computational models of biological systems at various scales provide another means and platform to integrate current biological understanding to facilitate inference and extrapolation. We argue that the systematic organization of knowledge into AOP frameworks can inform and help direct the design and development of computational prediction models that can further enhance the utility of mechanistic and in silico data for chemical safety assessment. This concept was explored as part of a workshop on AOP-Informed Predictive Modeling Approaches for Regulatory Toxicology held September 24-25, 2015. Examples of AOP-informed model development and its application to the assessment of chemicals for skin sensitization and multiple modes of endocrine disruption are provided. The role of problem formulation, not only as a critical phase of risk assessment, but also as guide for both AOP and complementary model development is described. Finally, a proposal for actively engaging the modeling community in AOP-informed computational model development is made. The contents serve as a vision for how AOPs can be leveraged to facilitate development of computational prediction models needed to support the next generation of chemical safety assessment. JF - Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Wittwehr, Clemens AU - Aladjov, Hristo AU - Ankley, Gerald AU - Byrne, Hugh J AU - de Knecht, Joop AU - Heinzle, Elmar AU - Klambauer, Günter AU - Landesmann, Brigitte AU - Luijten, Mirjam AU - MacKay, Cameron AU - Maxwell, Gavin AU - Meek, M E Bette AU - Paini, Alicia AU - Perkins, Edward AU - Sobanski, Tomasz AU - Villeneuve, Dan AU - Waters, Katrina M AU - Whelan, Maurice AD - European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Ispra 21027, Italy; clemens.wittwehr@ec.europa.eu. ; Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria. ; US Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota 55804. ; FOCAS Research Institute, Dublin 8, Ireland. ; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, MA 3721, The Netherlands. ; Universität des Saarlandes, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany. ; Johannes Kepler Universität, Linz 4040, Austria. ; European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Ispra 21027, Italy. ; Unilever Safety and Environmenta Assurance Centre, Sharnbrook, MK44 1LQ, UK. ; University of Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada. ; US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, Mississippi 39180. ; European Chemicals Agency, ECHA, 00121 Helsinki, Finland. ; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352. Y1 - 2017/02// PY - 2017 DA - February 2017 SP - 326 EP - 336 VL - 155 IS - 2 KW - computational prediction model. KW - Adverse Outcome Pathways KW - AOP KW - quantitative AOP UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1851296771?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+sciences+%3A+an+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=How+Adverse+Outcome+Pathways+Can+Aid+the+Development+and+Use+of+Computational+Prediction+Models+for+Regulatory+Toxicology.&rft.au=Wittwehr%2C+Clemens%3BAladjov%2C+Hristo%3BAnkley%2C+Gerald%3BByrne%2C+Hugh+J%3Bde+Knecht%2C+Joop%3BHeinzle%2C+Elmar%3BKlambauer%2C+G%C3%BCnter%3BLandesmann%2C+Brigitte%3BLuijten%2C+Mirjam%3BMacKay%2C+Cameron%3BMaxwell%2C+Gavin%3BMeek%2C+M+E+Bette%3BPaini%2C+Alicia%3BPerkins%2C+Edward%3BSobanski%2C+Tomasz%3BVilleneuve%2C+Dan%3BWaters%2C+Katrina+M%3BWhelan%2C+Maurice&rft.aulast=Wittwehr&rft.aufirst=Clemens&rft.date=2017-02-01&rft.volume=155&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=326&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+sciences+%3A+an+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=1096-0929&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Ftoxsci%2Fkfw207 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-12-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfw207 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Low Pt-content ternary PdCuPt nanodendrites: an efficient electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction. AN - 1855789508; 28054683 AB - Dendritic nanostructures are capturing increasing attention in electrocatalysis owing to their unique structural features and low density. Herein, we report for the first time, bromide ion mediated synthesis of low Pt-content PdCuPt ternary nanodendrites via galvanic replacement reaction between a Pt precursor and a PdCu template in aqueous solution. The experimental results show that the ternary PdCuPt nanodendrites present enhanced electrocatalytic performance for oxygen reduction reaction in acid solution compared with commercial Pt/C as well as some state-of-the-art catalysts. In detail, the mass activity of the PdCuPt catalyst with optimized composition is 1.73 A mgPt-1 at 0.85 V vs. RHE, which is 14 times higher than that of a commercial Pt/C catalyst. Moreover, the long-term stability test demonstrates its better durability in acid solution. After 5k cycles, there is still 70% electrochemical surface area maintained. This method provides an efficient method to synthesize trimetallic alloys with controllable composition and specific structure for oxygen reduction reaction. JF - Nanoscale AU - Fu, Shaofang AU - Zhu, Chengzhou AU - Song, Junhua AU - Zhang, Peina AU - Engelhard, Mark H AU - Xia, Haibing AU - Du, Dan AU - Lin, Yuehe AD - The School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA. yuehe.lin@wsu.edu. ; State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, P. R. China. ; Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA. ; The School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA. yuehe.lin@wsu.edu and Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA. Y1 - 2017/01/19/ PY - 2017 DA - 2017 Jan 19 SP - 1279 EP - 1284 VL - 9 IS - 3 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1855789508?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nanoscale&rft.atitle=Low+Pt-content+ternary+PdCuPt+nanodendrites%3A+an+efficient+electrocatalyst+for+oxygen+reduction+reaction.&rft.au=Fu%2C+Shaofang%3BZhu%2C+Chengzhou%3BSong%2C+Junhua%3BZhang%2C+Peina%3BEngelhard%2C+Mark+H%3BXia%2C+Haibing%3BDu%2C+Dan%3BLin%2C+Yuehe&rft.aulast=Fu&rft.aufirst=Shaofang&rft.date=2017-01-19&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1279&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nanoscale&rft.issn=2040-3372&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc6nr06646a LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2017-01-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6nr06646a ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessing the fidelity of marine vertebrate microfossil delta (super 18) O signatures and their potential for palaeo-ecological and climatic reconstructions AN - 1873348807; 2017-015637 AB - Conodont biogenic apatite has become a preferred analytical target for oxygen isotope studies investigating ocean temperature and palaeoclimate changes in the Palaeozoic. Despite the growing application in geochemically-based palaeoenvironmental reconstructions, the paucity or absence of conodont fossils in certain facies necessitates greater flexibility in selection of robust oxygen-bearing compounds for analysis. Vertebrate microfossils (teeth, dermal denticles, spines) offer a potential substitute for conodonts from the middle Palaeozoic. Vertebrate bioapatite is particularly advantageous given a fossil record extending to the present with representatives across freshwater to fully marine environments, thus widening the scope of oxygen isotope studies on bioapatite. However, significant tissue heterogeneity within vertebrates and differential susceptibility of these tissues to diagenetic alteration have been raised as potential problems affecting the reliability of the oxygen isotope ratios as palaeoclimatic proxies. Well-preserved vertebrate microfossils and co-occurring conodont fossils from the Upper Devonian and Lower Carboniferous of the Lennard Shelf, Canning Basin, Western Australia, were analysed using bulk (gas isotope ratio mass spectrometry, GIRMS) and in-situ (secondary ion mass spectrometry, SIMS) methodologies, with the latter technique allowing investigation of specific tissues within vertebrate elements. The delta (super 18) O (sub conodont) results may be interpreted in terms of palaeolatitudinally and environmentally sensible palaeo-salinity and -temperature and provide a baseline standard for comparison against vertebrate microfossil delta (super 18) O values. Despite an absence of obvious diagenetic modification, GIRMS of vertebrate denticles yielded delta (super 18) O values depleted in (super 18) O by 2-4 ppm relative to co-occurring conodonts. SIMS analysis of dentine tissues exhibited significant heterogeneity, while hypermineralised tissues in both scales and teeth produced delta (super 18) O values comparable with those of associated conodonts. The susceptibility of permeable phosphatic fossil tissues to microbial activity, fluid interaction and introduction of mineral precipitates post-formation is demonstrated in the dentine of vertebrate microfossils, which showed significant heterogeneity and consistent depletion in (super 18) O relative to conodonts. The hypermineralised tissues present in both teeth and scales appear resistant to many diagenetic processes and indicate potential for palaeoclimatic reconstructions and palaeoecological investigations. JF - Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology AU - Roelofs, Brett AU - Barham, Milo AU - Cliff, John AU - Joachimski, Michael M AU - Martin, Laure AU - Trinajstic, Kate Y1 - 2017/01/01/ PY - 2017 DA - 2017 Jan 01 SP - 79 EP - 92 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 465 IS - Part A SN - 0031-0182, 0031-0182 KW - Lower Carboniferous KW - Virgin Hills Formation KW - mass spectra KW - Chondrichthyes KW - paleoclimatology KW - paleoecology KW - Dipnoi KW - paleotemperature KW - applications KW - Upper Devonian KW - histology KW - biomineralization KW - apatite KW - Chordata KW - Laurel Formation KW - biostratigraphy KW - Paleozoic KW - Fitzroy Crossing Australia KW - Carboniferous KW - Acanthodii KW - teeth KW - ion probe KW - marine environment KW - biozones KW - Horse Spring KW - spectroscopy KW - Holocephali KW - dentine KW - Frasnian KW - oxygen KW - ion probe data KW - isotopes KW - Western Australia KW - Osteichthyes KW - techniques KW - Canning Basin KW - stable isotopes KW - Pisces KW - Lennard Shelf KW - Australia KW - spectra KW - Chondrostei KW - Sarcopterygii KW - Gumhole Formation KW - Actinopterygii KW - Famennian KW - Australasia KW - Conodonta KW - isotope ratios KW - Oscar Hill KW - mass spectroscopy KW - phosphates KW - O-18/O-16 KW - Laurel Downs KW - indicators KW - Palmatolepis KW - gas isotope ratio mass spectrometry KW - biogenic processes KW - Devonian KW - Palaeonisciformes KW - Vertebrata KW - Elasmobranchii KW - microfossils KW - 12:Stratigraphy KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1873348807?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Palaeogeography%2C+Palaeoclimatology%2C+Palaeoecology&rft.atitle=Assessing+the+fidelity+of+marine+vertebrate+microfossil+delta+%28super+18%29+O+signatures+and+their+potential+for+palaeo-ecological+and+climatic+reconstructions&rft.au=Roelofs%2C+Brett%3BBarham%2C+Milo%3BCliff%2C+John%3BJoachimski%2C+Michael+M%3BMartin%2C+Laure%3BTrinajstic%2C+Kate&rft.aulast=Roelofs&rft.aufirst=Brett&rft.date=2017-01-01&rft.volume=465&rft.issue=Part+A&rft.spage=79&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Palaeogeography%2C+Palaeoclimatology%2C+Palaeoecology&rft.issn=00310182&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.palaeo.2016.10.018 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00310182 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 54 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2017-03-02 N1 - CODEN - PPPYAB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Acanthodii; Actinopterygii; apatite; applications; Australasia; Australia; biogenic processes; biomineralization; biostratigraphy; biozones; Canning Basin; Carboniferous; Chondrichthyes; Chondrostei; Chordata; Conodonta; dentine; Devonian; Dipnoi; Elasmobranchii; Famennian; Fitzroy Crossing Australia; Frasnian; gas isotope ratio mass spectrometry; Gumhole Formation; histology; Holocephali; Horse Spring; indicators; ion probe; ion probe data; isotope ratios; isotopes; Laurel Downs; Laurel Formation; Lennard Shelf; Lower Carboniferous; marine environment; mass spectra; mass spectroscopy; microfossils; O-18/O-16; Oscar Hill; Osteichthyes; oxygen; Palaeonisciformes; paleoclimatology; paleoecology; paleotemperature; Paleozoic; Palmatolepis; phosphates; Pisces; Sarcopterygii; spectra; spectroscopy; stable isotopes; techniques; teeth; Upper Devonian; Vertebrata; Virgin Hills Formation; Western Australia DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2016.10.018 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sensitivity of Turbine-Height Wind Speeds to Parameters in Planetary Boundary-Layer and Surface-Layer Schemes in the Weather Research and Forecasting Model AN - 1868327623; PQ0004046172 AB - We evaluate the sensitivity of simulated turbine-height wind speeds to 26 parameters within the Mellor-Yamada-Nakanishi-Niino (MYNN) planetary boundary-layer scheme and MM5 surface-layer scheme of the Weather Research and Forecasting model over an area of complex terrain. An efficient sampling algorithm and generalized linear model are used to explore the multiple-dimensional parameter space and quantify the parametric sensitivity of simulated turbine-height wind speeds. The results indicate that most of the variability in the ensemble simulations is due to parameters related to the dissipation of turbulent kinetic energy (TKE), Prandtl number, turbulent length scales, surface roughness, and the von Karman constant. The parameter associated with the TKE dissipation rate is found to be most important, and a larger dissipation rate produces larger hub-height wind speeds. A larger Prandtl number results in smaller nighttime wind speeds. Increasing surface roughness reduces the frequencies of both extremely weak and strong airflows, implying a reduction in the variability of wind speed. All of the above parameters significantly affect the vertical profiles of wind speed and the magnitude of wind shear. The relative contributions of individual parameters are found to be dependent on both the terrain slope and atmospheric stability. JF - Boundary-Layer Meteorology AU - Yang, Ben AU - Qian, Yun AU - Berg, Larry K AU - Ma, Po-Lun AU - Wharton, Sonia AU - Bulaevskaya, Vera AU - Yan, Huiping AU - Hou, Zhangshuan AU - Shaw, William J AD - CMA-NJU Joint Laboratory for Climate Prediction Studies, Institute for Climate and Global Change Research, School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China, larry.berg@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2017/01// PY - 2017 DA - January 2017 SP - 117 EP - 142 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 162 IS - 1 SN - 0006-8314, 0006-8314 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Prediction KW - Variability KW - Airflow KW - Turbulent kinetic energy KW - Algorithms KW - Kinetic Energy KW - Wind speed KW - Planning KW - Forecasting KW - Mesoscale model MM5 KW - Sampling KW - Slopes KW - Weather forecasting KW - Wind KW - Modelling KW - Weather KW - Wind shear KW - Simulation Analysis KW - Prandtl number KW - Numerical simulations KW - Surface roughness KW - SW 0810:General KW - Q2 09241:General KW - O 6030:Oil and Gas Resources KW - M2 551.509.1/.5:Forecasting (551.509.1/.5) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1868327623?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Boundary-Layer+Meteorology&rft.atitle=Sensitivity+of+Turbine-Height+Wind+Speeds+to+Parameters+in+Planetary+Boundary-Layer+and+Surface-Layer+Schemes+in+the+Weather+Research+and+Forecasting+Model&rft.au=Yang%2C+Ben%3BQian%2C+Yun%3BBerg%2C+Larry+K%3BMa%2C+Po-Lun%3BWharton%2C+Sonia%3BBulaevskaya%2C+Vera%3BYan%2C+Huiping%3BHou%2C+Zhangshuan%3BShaw%2C+William+J&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=Ben&rft.date=2017-01-01&rft.volume=162&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=117&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Boundary-Layer+Meteorology&rft.issn=00068314&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10546-016-0185-2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 68 N1 - Last updated - 2017-03-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Prediction; Wind speed; Wind shear; Surface roughness; Planning; Prandtl number; Sampling; Weather forecasting; Modelling; Numerical simulations; Airflow; Turbulent kinetic energy; Algorithms; Mesoscale model MM5; Weather; Variability; Simulation Analysis; Forecasting; Slopes; Wind; Kinetic Energy DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10546-016-0185-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Unambiguous identification and discovery of bacterial siderophores by direct injection 21 Tesla Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry AN - 1868305517; PQ0004078282 AB - Under iron-limiting conditions, bacteria produce low molecular mass Fe(iii) binding molecules known as siderophores to sequester the Fe(iii), along with other elements, increasing their bioavailability. Siderophores are thought to influence iron cycling and biogeochemistry in both marine and terrestrial ecosystems and hence the need for rapid, confident characterization of these compounds has increased. In this study, the type of siderophores produced by two marine bacterial species, Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 and Vibrio cyclitrophicus 1F53, were characterized by use of a newly developed 21 T Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometer (FTICR MS) with direct injection electrospray ionization. This technique allowed for the rapid detection of synechobactins from Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 as well as amphibactins from Vibrio cyclitrophicus 1F53 based on high mass accuracy and resolution allowing for observation of specific Fe isotopes and isotopic fine structure enabling highly confident identification of these siderophores. When combined with molecular network analysis two new amphibactins were discovered and verified by tandem MS. These results show that high-field FTICR MS is a powerful technique that will greatly improve the ability to rapidly identify and discover metal binding species in the environment. JF - Metallomics AU - Walker, Lawrence R AU - Tfaily, Malak M AU - Shaw, Jared B AU - Hess, Nancy J AU - Pasa-Tolic, Ljiljana AU - Koppenaal, David W AD - Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Richland; Washington; USA Y1 - 2017/01// PY - 2017 DA - January 2017 SP - 82 EP - 92 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry, c/o Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Secaucus New Jersey 07096 2485 United States VL - 9 IS - 1 SN - 1756-5901, 1756-5901 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Metals KW - Isotopes KW - Biogeochemistry KW - Heavy metals KW - Synechococcus KW - Injection KW - Mass spectroscopy KW - Siderophores KW - Bioavailability KW - Vibrio KW - Terrestrial ecosystems KW - Ultrastructure KW - Iron KW - Ionization KW - W 30925:Genetic Engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1868305517?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Metallomics&rft.atitle=Unambiguous+identification+and+discovery+of+bacterial+siderophores+by+direct+injection+21+Tesla+Fourier+transform+ion+cyclotron+resonance+mass+spectrometry&rft.au=Walker%2C+Lawrence+R%3BTfaily%2C+Malak+M%3BShaw%2C+Jared+B%3BHess%2C+Nancy+J%3BPasa-Tolic%2C+Ljiljana%3BKoppenaal%2C+David+W&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=Lawrence&rft.date=2017-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=82&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Metallomics&rft.issn=17565901&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc6mt00201c LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 39 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bioavailability; Metals; Isotopes; Terrestrial ecosystems; Heavy metals; Biogeochemistry; Ultrastructure; Ionization; Iron; Injection; Mass spectroscopy; Siderophores; Vibrio; Synechococcus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6mt00201c ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Investigating the zonal wind response to SST warming using transient ensemble AGCM experiments AN - 1868303085; PQ0004040292 AB - The response of the atmospheric circulation to greenhouse gas-induced SST warming is investigated using large ensemble experiments with two AGCMs, with a focus on the robust feature of the poleward shift of the eddy driven jet. In these experiments, large ensembles of simulations are conducted by abruptly switching the SST forcing on from January 1st to focus on the wintertime circulation adjustment. A hybrid, finite amplitude wave activity budget analysis is performed to elucidate the nonlinear and irreversible aspects of the eddy-mean flow interaction during the adjustment of the zonal wind towards a poleward shifted state. The results confirm the results from earlier more idealized studies, particularly the importance of reduced dissipation of wave activity, in which the midlatitude decrease of effective diffusivity appears to be dominant. This reduction in dissipation increases the survival of midlatitude waves. These surviving waves, when reaching the upper propagation level in the upper troposphere, are subject to the influence of the increase of reflection phase speed at the poleward side of the mean jet, and thus more waves are reflected equatorward across the jet, giving rise to a poleward transport of momentum and thus an eddy momentum flux convergence for the poleward shift. The relative importance of wave breaking-induced PV mixing versus diabatic PV source in the evolution of the Lagrangian PV gradient is also investigated. The former plays the dominant role in the PV gradient formation during the initial phase of the jet shift, while the latter actually opposes the evolution of the Lagrangian PV gradient at times. JF - Climate Dynamics AU - Palipane, Erool AU - Lu, Jian AU - Staten, Paul AU - Chen, Gang AU - Schneider, Edwin K AD - Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Earth Sciences, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA, jian.lu@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2017/01// PY - 2017 DA - January 2017 SP - 523 EP - 540 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 48 IS - 1-2 SN - 0930-7575, 0930-7575 KW - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Flow KW - Sea surface KW - Survival KW - Zonal winds KW - Eddy momentum flux KW - Convergence KW - Waves KW - Wind KW - Marine KW - Simulation Analysis KW - Climates KW - Climate KW - Atmospheric circulation KW - Greenhouse effect KW - Wave propagation KW - Greenhouses KW - Surface temperature KW - Eddies KW - Numerical simulations KW - Global warming KW - Fluctuations KW - Momentum transfer KW - Evolution KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - O 2090:Instruments/Methods KW - SW 0810:General KW - M2 551.58:Climatology (551.58) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1868303085?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climate+Dynamics&rft.atitle=Investigating+the+zonal+wind+response+to+SST+warming+using+transient+ensemble+AGCM+experiments&rft.au=Palipane%2C+Erool%3BLu%2C+Jian%3BStaten%2C+Paul%3BChen%2C+Gang%3BSchneider%2C+Edwin+K&rft.aulast=Palipane&rft.aufirst=Erool&rft.date=2017-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=523&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climate+Dynamics&rft.issn=09307575&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00382-016-3092-9 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 54 N1 - Last updated - 2017-03-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sea surface; Eddies; Convergence; Climate; Survival; Greenhouse effect; Momentum transfer; Wave propagation; Surface temperature; Numerical simulations; Global warming; Atmospheric circulation; Zonal winds; Eddy momentum flux; Flow; Simulation Analysis; Climates; Waves; Fluctuations; Wind; Evolution; Greenhouses; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00382-016-3092-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enhancing glycan isomer separations with metal ions and positive and negative polarity ion mobility spectrometry-mass spectrometry analyses AN - 1859500180; PQ0004000497 AB - Glycomics has become an increasingly important field of research since glycans play critical roles in biology processes ranging from molecular recognition and signaling to cellular communication. Glycans often conjugate with other biomolecules, such as proteins and lipids, and alter their properties and functions, so glycan characterization is essential for understanding the effects they have on cellular systems. However, the analysis of glycans is extremely difficult due to their complexity and structural diversity (i.e., the number and identity of monomer units, and configuration of their glycosidic linkages and connectivities). In this work, we coupled ion mobility spectrometry with mass spectrometry (IMS-MS) to characterize glycan standards and biologically important isomers of synthetic alpha Gal-containing O-glycans including glycotopes of the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, which is the causative agent of Chagas disease. IMS-MS results showed significant differences for the glycan structural isomers when analyzed in positive and negative polarity and complexed with different metal cations. These results suggest that specific metal ions or ion polarities could be used to target and baseline separate glycan isomers of interest with IMS-MS. [Figure not available: see fulltext.] JF - Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry AU - Zheng, Xueyun AU - Zhang, Xing AU - Schocker, Nathaniel S AU - Renslow, Ryan S AU - Orton, Daniel J AU - Khamsi, Jamal AU - Ashmus, Roger A AU - Almeida, Igor C AU - Tang, Keqi AU - Costello, Catherine E AU - Smith, Richard D AU - Michael, Katja AU - Baker, Erin S AD - Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd, P.O. Box 999, MSIN K8-98, Richland, WA, 99352, USA, kmichael@utep.edu Y1 - 2017/01// PY - 2017 DA - January 2017 SP - 467 EP - 476 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Berlin/Heidelberg Germany VL - 409 IS - 2 SN - 1618-2642, 1618-2642 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Trypanosoma cruzi KW - Parasites KW - Ions KW - Metals KW - Mobility KW - Lipids KW - Polysaccharides KW - Mass spectroscopy KW - Spectrometry KW - Isomers KW - Monomers KW - Cations KW - Polarity KW - Cell interactions KW - Chagas' disease KW - W 30935:Food Biotechnology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1859500180?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+and+Bioanalytical+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Enhancing+glycan+isomer+separations+with+metal+ions+and+positive+and+negative+polarity+ion+mobility+spectrometry-mass+spectrometry+analyses&rft.au=Zheng%2C+Xueyun%3BZhang%2C+Xing%3BSchocker%2C+Nathaniel+S%3BRenslow%2C+Ryan+S%3BOrton%2C+Daniel+J%3BKhamsi%2C+Jamal%3BAshmus%2C+Roger+A%3BAlmeida%2C+Igor+C%3BTang%2C+Keqi%3BCostello%2C+Catherine+E%3BSmith%2C+Richard+D%3BMichael%2C+Katja%3BBaker%2C+Erin+S&rft.aulast=Zheng&rft.aufirst=Xueyun&rft.date=2017-01-01&rft.volume=409&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=467&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+and+Bioanalytical+Chemistry&rft.issn=16182642&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00216-016-9866-4 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 63 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Metals; Ions; Parasites; Mobility; Lipids; Polysaccharides; Mass spectroscopy; Isomers; Spectrometry; Monomers; Cations; Polarity; Cell interactions; Chagas' disease; Trypanosoma cruzi DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00216-016-9866-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Preliminary Evaluation of the DUSTRAN Modeling Suite for Modeling Atmospheric Chloride Transport AN - 1859484494; PQ0004019159 AB - This study investigates the potential of DUSTRAN, a dust dispersion modeling system developed by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, to model the transport of sea salt aerosols (SSA). Results from DUSTRAN simulations run with historical meteorological data were compared against privately-measured chloride data at the near coastal Maine Yankee Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) and the Environmental Protection Agency-measured CASTNET data from Acadia National Park (NP). The comparisons have provided both encouragement as to the practical value of DUSTRAN's CALPUFF model and suggestions for further software development opportunities. All modeled concentrations were within one order of magnitude of those measured and a few test cases showed excellent agreement between modeled and measured concentrations. However, there is a lack of consistency which may be due to inaccurate extrapolation of meteorological data, underlying model physics, and the source term. Future research will refine the software to better capture physical phenomena. Overall, results indicate that with parameter refinement, DUSTRAN has the potential to simulate atmospheric chloride transport from known sources to inland sites for the purpose of determining the corrosion susceptibility of various structures, systems, and components (SSC) at near coastal sites, and for other relevant air quality studies. JF - Air Quality, Atmosphere and Health AU - Jensen, Philip AU - Tran, Tracy AU - Fritz, Bradley AU - Rutz, Frederick AU - Ross, Steven AU - Gorton, Alicia AU - Devanathan, Ram AU - Plante, Paul AU - Trainor, Kevin AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA, 99354, USA, philip.jensen@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2017/01// PY - 2017 DA - January 2017 SP - 25 EP - 31 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 10 IS - 1 SN - 1873-9318, 1873-9318 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Historical account KW - Meteorological data KW - Atmospheric pollution models KW - Chlorides KW - Air quality KW - Atmosphere KW - Dust KW - Computer programs KW - Extrapolation of meteorological data KW - Meteorology KW - ANW, USA, Maine KW - Aerosols KW - Atmospheric pollution KW - Simulation KW - Environmental protection KW - Salts KW - Nuclear power plants KW - Coastal zone KW - Numerical simulations KW - Corrosion KW - Dispersion models KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - H 2000:Transportation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1859484494?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Air+Quality%2C+Atmosphere+and+Health&rft.atitle=Preliminary+Evaluation+of+the+DUSTRAN+Modeling+Suite+for+Modeling+Atmospheric+Chloride+Transport&rft.au=Jensen%2C+Philip%3BTran%2C+Tracy%3BFritz%2C+Bradley%3BRutz%2C+Frederick%3BRoss%2C+Steven%3BGorton%2C+Alicia%3BDevanathan%2C+Ram%3BPlante%2C+Paul%3BTrainor%2C+Kevin&rft.aulast=Jensen&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft.date=2017-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=25&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Air+Quality%2C+Atmosphere+and+Health&rft.issn=18739318&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11869-016-0404-5 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Meteorological data; Nuclear power plants; Atmospheric pollution models; Atmospheric pollution; Numerical simulations; Corrosion; Extrapolation of meteorological data; Air quality; Dispersion models; Environmental protection; Historical account; Aerosols; Chlorides; Simulation; Atmosphere; Dust; Computer programs; Salts; Coastal zone; Meteorology; ANW, USA, Maine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11869-016-0404-5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mechanistic insights into aqueous phase propanol dehydration in H-ZSM-5 zeolite AN - 1855082763; PQ0003958105 AB - Aqueous phase dehydration of 1-propanol over H-ZSM-5 zeolite was investigated using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The water molecules in the zeolite pores prefer to aggregate via the hydrogen bonding network and be protonated at the Broensted acidic sites (BAS). Two typical configurations, i.e., dispersed and clustered, of water molecules were identified by ab initio molecular dynamics simulations of the mimicking aqueous phase H-ZSM-5 unit cell with 20 water molecules per unit cell. DFT calculated Gibbs free energies suggest that the dimeric propanol-propanol, the propanol-water, and the trimeric propanol-propanol-water complexes are formed at high propanol concentrations in aqueous phase, which provide a kinetically feasible dehydration reaction channel of 1-propanol to propene. The calculation results indicate that the propanol dehydration via the unimolecular mechanism becomes kinetically discouraged due to the enhanced stability of the protonated dimeric propanol and the protonated water cluster acting as the BAS site for alcohol dehydration. copyright 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 63: 172-184, 2017 JF - AICHE Journal AU - Mei, Donghai AU - Lercher, Johannes A AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate & Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Richland, WA, 99352. Y1 - 2017/01// PY - 2017 DA - January 2017 SP - 172 EP - 184 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 63 IS - 1 SN - 0001-1541, 0001-1541 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Alcohol KW - Energy KW - Simulation KW - Zeolites KW - Hydrogen KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1855082763?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AICHE+Journal&rft.atitle=Mechanistic+insights+into+aqueous+phase+propanol+dehydration+in+H-ZSM-5+zeolite&rft.au=Mei%2C+Donghai%3BLercher%2C+Johannes+A&rft.aulast=Mei&rft.aufirst=Donghai&rft.date=2017-01-01&rft.volume=63&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=172&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AICHE+Journal&rft.issn=00011541&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Faic.15517 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alcohol; Energy; Simulation; Hydrogen; Zeolites DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.15517 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Integrating ion mobility spectrometry into mass spectrometry-based exposome measurements: what can it add and how far can it go? AN - 1846368282; 27921453 AB - Measuring the exposome remains a challenge due to the range and number of anthropogenic molecules that are encountered in our daily lives, as well as the complex systemic responses to these exposures. One option for improving the coverage, dynamic range and throughput of measurements is to incorporate ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) into current MS-based analytical methods. The implementation of IMS in exposomics studies will lead to more frequent observations of previously undetected chemicals and metabolites. LC-IMS-MS will provide increased overall measurement dynamic range, resulting in detections of lower abundance molecules. Alternatively, the throughput of IMS-MS alone will provide the opportunity to analyze many thousands of longitudinal samples over lifetimes of exposure, capturing evidence of transitory accumulations of chemicals or metabolites. The volume of data corresponding to these new chemical observations will almost certainly outpace the generation of reference data to enable their confident identification. In this perspective, we briefly review the state-of-the-art in measuring the exposome, and discuss the potential use for IMS-MS and the physico-chemical property of collisional cross section in both exposure assessment and molecular identification. JF - Bioanalysis AU - Metz, Thomas O AU - Baker, Erin S AU - Schymanski, Emma L AU - Renslow, Ryan S AU - Thomas, Dennis G AU - Causon, Tim J AU - Webb, Ian K AU - Hann, Stephan AU - Smith, Richard D AU - Teeguarden, Justin G AD - Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA. ; Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science & Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland. ; Division of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources & Life Sciences (BOKU Vienna), Vienna, Austria. Y1 - 2017/01// PY - 2017 DA - January 2017 SP - 81 EP - 98 VL - 9 IS - 1 KW - Index Medicus KW - metabolome KW - collision cross section KW - mass spectrometry KW - ion mobility spectrometry KW - exposome KW - Animals KW - Chromatography, Liquid -- methods KW - Metabolome KW - Workflow KW - Humans KW - High-Throughput Screening Assays -- methods KW - Computational Biology -- methods KW - Mass Spectrometry -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1846368282?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioanalysis&rft.atitle=Integrating+ion+mobility+spectrometry+into+mass+spectrometry-based+exposome+measurements%3A+what+can+it+add+and+how+far+can+it+go%3F&rft.au=Metz%2C+Thomas+O%3BBaker%2C+Erin+S%3BSchymanski%2C+Emma+L%3BRenslow%2C+Ryan+S%3BThomas%2C+Dennis+G%3BCauson%2C+Tim+J%3BWebb%2C+Ian+K%3BHann%2C+Stephan%3BSmith%2C+Richard+D%3BTeeguarden%2C+Justin+G&rft.aulast=Metz&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2017-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=81&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioanalysis&rft.issn=1757-6199&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2017-01-11 N1 - Date created - 2016-12-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biological conversion of the aqueous wastes from hydrothermal liquefaction of algae and pine wood by Rhodococci. AN - 1836732795; 27806887 AB - In this study, R. opacus PD630, R. jostii RHA1, R. jostii RHA1 VanA-, and their co-culture were employed to convert hydrothermal liquefaction aqueous waste (HTLAW) into lipids. After 11days, the COD reduction of algal-HTLAW reached 93.4% and 92.7% by R. jostii RHA1 and its mutant VanA-, respectively. Woody-HTLAW promoted lipid accumulation of 0.43glipid/gcell dry weight in R. opacus PD630 cells. Additionally, the total number of chemicals in HTLAW decreased by over 1/3 after 7days of coculture, and 0.10g/L and 0.46g/L lipids were incrementally accumulated in the cellular mass during the fermentation of wood- and algal-HTLAW, respectively. The GC-MS data supported that different metabolism pathways were followed when these Rhodococci strains degraded algae- and woody-HTLAW. These results indicated promising potential of bioconversion of under-utilized carbon and toxic compounds in HTLAW into useful products by selected Rhodococci. JF - Bioresource technology AU - He, Yucai AU - Li, Xiaolu AU - Xue, Xiaoyun AU - Swita, Marie S AU - Schmidt, Andrew J AU - Yang, Bin AD - Bioproducts, Sciences and Engineering Laboratory and Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Richland, WA 99354, United States. ; Energy and Efficiency Division and the Bioproduct Sciences and Engineering Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, United States. ; Bioproducts, Sciences and Engineering Laboratory and Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Richland, WA 99354, United States. Electronic address: binyang@tricity.wsu.edu. Y1 - 2017/01// PY - 2017 DA - January 2017 SP - 457 EP - 464 VL - 224 KW - Lipid KW - Hydrothermal liquefaction aqueous waste KW - Coculture KW - Oleaginous Rhodococci KW - Bioconversion UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1836732795?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioresource+technology&rft.atitle=Biological+conversion+of+the+aqueous+wastes+from+hydrothermal+liquefaction+of+algae+and+pine+wood+by+Rhodococci.&rft.au=He%2C+Yucai%3BLi%2C+Xiaolu%3BXue%2C+Xiaoyun%3BSwita%2C+Marie+S%3BSchmidt%2C+Andrew+J%3BYang%2C+Bin&rft.aulast=He&rft.aufirst=Yucai&rft.date=2017-01-01&rft.volume=224&rft.issue=&rft.spage=457&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioresource+technology&rft.issn=1873-2976&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.biortech.2016.10.059 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-11-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2016.10.059 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Non-invasive saliva human biomonitoring: development of an in vitro platform. AN - 1826632364; 26555474 AB - Direct measurements of exposure represent the most accurate assessment of a subject's true exposure. The clearance of many drugs and chemicals, including pesticides such as chlorpyrifos (CPF), can be detected non-invasively in saliva. Here we have developed a serous-acinar transwell model system as an in vitro screening platform to prioritize chemicals for non-invasive biomonitoring through salivary clearance mechanisms. Rat primary serous-acinar cells express both α-amylase and aquaporin-5 proteins and develop significant tight junctions at postconfluence - a feature necessary for chemical transport studies in vitro. CPF exhibited bidirectional passage across the serous-acinar barrier that was disproportional to the passage of a cell impermeable chemical (lucifer yellow), consistent with a hypothesized passive diffusion process. CPF was metabolized to trichlorpyridinol (TCPy) by serous-acinar cells, and TCPy also displayed bidirectional diffusion in the transwell assay. This model system should prove useful as an in vitro screening platform to support the non-invasive monitoring of toxicons and pharmacons in human saliva and provide guidance for development of advanced in vitro screening platforms utilizing primary human salivary gland epithelial cells. JF - Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology AU - Weber, Thomas J AU - Smith, Jordan N AU - Carver, Zana A AU - Timchalk, Charles AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Health Impacts and Exposure Science Group, Richland, WA, USA. Y1 - 2017/01// PY - 2017 DA - January 2017 SP - 72 EP - 77 VL - 27 IS - 1 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1826632364?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+exposure+science+%26+environmental+epidemiology&rft.atitle=Non-invasive+saliva+human+biomonitoring%3A+development+of+an+in+vitro+platform.&rft.au=Weber%2C+Thomas+J%3BSmith%2C+Jordan+N%3BCarver%2C+Zana+A%3BTimchalk%2C+Charles&rft.aulast=Weber&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2017-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=72&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+exposure+science+%26+environmental+epidemiology&rft.issn=1559-064X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fjes.2015.74 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2015-11-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/jes.2015.74 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Kinetically Controlled Synthesis of Pt-Based One-Dimensional Hierarchically Porous Nanostructures with Large Mesopores as Highly Efficient ORR Catalysts. AN - 1852685762; 27977120 AB - Rational design and construction of Pt-based porous nanostructures with large mesopores have triggered significant considerations because of their high surface area and more efficient mass transport. Hydrochloric acid-induced kinetically controlled reduction of metal precursors in the presence of soft template F-127 and hard template tellurium nanowires has been successfully demonstrated to construct one-dimensional hierarchical porous PtCu alloy nanostructures with large mesopores. Moreover, the electrochemical experiments demonstrated that the PtCu hierarchically porous nanostructures synthesized under optimized conditions exhibit enhanced electrocatalytic performance for oxygen reduction reaction in acid media. JF - ACS applied materials & interfaces AU - Fu, Shaofang AU - Zhu, Chengzhou AU - Song, Junhua AU - Engelhard, Mark H AU - Xia, Haibing AU - Du, Dan AU - Lin, Yuehe AD - The School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University , Pullman, Washington 99164, United States. ; Environmental Molecular Science Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland, Washington 99354, United States. ; State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University , Jinan 250100, P. R. China. Y1 - 2016/12/28/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Dec 28 SP - 35213 EP - 35218 VL - 8 IS - 51 KW - porous nanostructures KW - kinetically controlled synthesis KW - oxygen reduction reaction KW - one-dimensional nanomaterials KW - Pt alloys UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1852685762?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+applied+materials+%26+interfaces&rft.atitle=Kinetically+Controlled+Synthesis+of+Pt-Based+One-Dimensional+Hierarchically+Porous+Nanostructures+with+Large+Mesopores+as+Highly+Efficient+ORR+Catalysts.&rft.au=Fu%2C+Shaofang%3BZhu%2C+Chengzhou%3BSong%2C+Junhua%3BEngelhard%2C+Mark+H%3BXia%2C+Haibing%3BDu%2C+Dan%3BLin%2C+Yuehe&rft.aulast=Fu&rft.aufirst=Shaofang&rft.date=2016-12-28&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=51&rft.spage=35213&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+applied+materials+%26+interfaces&rft.issn=1944-8252&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Facsami.6b11537 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-12-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsami.6b11537 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simultaneous Proteomic Discovery and Targeted Monitoring using Liquid Chromatography, Ion Mobility Spectrometry, and Mass Spectrometry AN - 1868339579; PQ0003933836 AB - Current proteomic approaches include both broad discovery measurements and quantitative targeted analyses. In many cases, discovery measurements are initially used to identify potentially important proteins (e.g. candidate biomarkers) and then targeted studies are employed to quantify a limited number of selected proteins. Both approaches, however, suffer from limitations. Discovery measurements aim to sample the whole proteome but have lower sensitivity, accuracy, and quantitation precision than targeted approaches, whereas targeted measurements are significantly more sensitive but only sample a limited portion of the proteome. Herein, we describe a new approach that performs both discovery and targeted monitoring (DTM) in a single analysis by combining liquid chromatography, ion mobility spectrometry and mass spectrometry (LC-IMS-MS). In DTM, heavy labeled target peptides are spiked into tryptic digests and both the labeled and unlabeled peptides are detected using LC-IMS-MS instrumentation. Compared with the broad LC-MS discovery measurements, DTM yields greater peptide/protein coverage and detects lower abundance species. DTM also achieved detection limits similar to selected reaction monitoring (SRM) indicating its potential for combined high quality discovery and targeted analyses, which is a significant step toward the convergence of discovery and targeted approaches. JF - Molecular and Cellular Proteomics AU - Burnum-Johnson, Kristin E AU - Nie, Song AU - Casey, Cameron P AU - Monroe, Matthew E AU - Orton, Daniel J AU - Ibrahim, Yehia M AU - Gritsenko, Marina A AU - Clauss, Therese RW AU - Shukla, Anil K AU - Moore, Ronald J AU - Purvine, Samuel O AU - Shi, Tujin AU - Qian, Weijun AU - Liu, Tao AU - Baker, Erin S AU - Smith, Richard D AD - From the Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, rds@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2016/12/25/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Dec 25 SP - 3694 EP - 3705 PB - American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 9650 Rockville Pike Bethesda MD 20814-3996 United States VL - 15 IS - 12 SN - 1535-9476, 1535-9476 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Mobility KW - Liquid chromatography KW - Convergence KW - Abundance KW - proteomics KW - biomarkers KW - Quantitation KW - Mass spectroscopy KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1868339579?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+and+Cellular+Proteomics&rft.atitle=Simultaneous+Proteomic+Discovery+and+Targeted+Monitoring+using+Liquid+Chromatography%2C+Ion+Mobility+Spectrometry%2C+and+Mass+Spectrometry&rft.au=Burnum-Johnson%2C+Kristin+E%3BNie%2C+Song%3BCasey%2C+Cameron+P%3BMonroe%2C+Matthew+E%3BOrton%2C+Daniel+J%3BIbrahim%2C+Yehia+M%3BGritsenko%2C+Marina+A%3BClauss%2C+Therese+RW%3BShukla%2C+Anil+K%3BMoore%2C+Ronald+J%3BPurvine%2C+Samuel+O%3BShi%2C+Tujin%3BQian%2C+Weijun%3BLiu%2C+Tao%3BBaker%2C+Erin+S%3BSmith%2C+Richard+D&rft.aulast=Burnum-Johnson&rft.aufirst=Kristin&rft.date=2016-12-25&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=3694&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+and+Cellular+Proteomics&rft.issn=15359476&rft_id=info:doi/10.1074%2Fmcp.M116.061143 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mobility; Convergence; Liquid chromatography; Abundance; proteomics; Quantitation; biomarkers; Mass spectroscopy DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/mcp.M116.061143 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantifying global soil carbon losses in response to warming AN - 1859792168; 2017-004873 JF - Nature (London) AU - Crowther, Thomas W AU - Todd-Brown, K E O AU - Rowe, C W AU - Wieder, W R AU - Carey, J C AU - Machmuller, M B AU - Snoek, B L AU - Fang, S AU - Zhou, G AU - Allison, S D AU - Blair, J M AU - Bridgham, S D AU - Burton, A J AU - Carrillo, Y AU - Reich, P B AU - Clark, J S AU - Classen, A T AU - Dijkstra, F A AU - Elberling, Bo AU - Emmett, B A AU - Estiarte, M AU - Frey, S D AU - Guo, J AU - Harte, J AU - Jiang, L AU - Johnson, B R AU - Kroeel-Dulay, G AU - Larsen, K S AU - Laudon, H AU - Lavallee, J M AU - Luo, Y AU - Lupascu, M AU - Ma, L N AU - Marhan, S AU - Michelsen, A AU - Mohan, J AU - Niu, S AU - Pendall, E AU - Penuelas, J AU - Pfeifer-Meister, L AU - Poll, C AU - Reinsch, S AU - Reynolds, L L AU - Schmidt, I K AU - Sistla, S AU - Sokol, N W AU - Templer, P H AU - Treseder, K K AU - Welker, J M AU - Bradford, M A Y1 - 2016/12/01/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Dec 01 SP - 104 EP - 108 PB - Macmillan Journals, London VL - 540 IS - 7631 SN - 0028-0836, 0028-0836 KW - soils KW - North America KW - terrestrial environment KW - global KW - statistical analysis KW - sinks KW - global change KW - climate change KW - variations KW - models KW - fluctuations KW - quantitative analysis KW - carbon KW - mathematical methods KW - horizons KW - geochemistry KW - global warming KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1859792168?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+%28London%29&rft.atitle=Quantifying+global+soil+carbon+losses+in+response+to+warming&rft.au=Crowther%2C+Thomas+W%3BTodd-Brown%2C+K+E+O%3BRowe%2C+C+W%3BWieder%2C+W+R%3BCarey%2C+J+C%3BMachmuller%2C+M+B%3BSnoek%2C+B+L%3BFang%2C+S%3BZhou%2C+G%3BAllison%2C+S+D%3BBlair%2C+J+M%3BBridgham%2C+S+D%3BBurton%2C+A+J%3BCarrillo%2C+Y%3BReich%2C+P+B%3BClark%2C+J+S%3BClassen%2C+A+T%3BDijkstra%2C+F+A%3BElberling%2C+Bo%3BEmmett%2C+B+A%3BEstiarte%2C+M%3BFrey%2C+S+D%3BGuo%2C+J%3BHarte%2C+J%3BJiang%2C+L%3BJohnson%2C+B+R%3BKroeel-Dulay%2C+G%3BLarsen%2C+K+S%3BLaudon%2C+H%3BLavallee%2C+J+M%3BLuo%2C+Y%3BLupascu%2C+M%3BMa%2C+L+N%3BMarhan%2C+S%3BMichelsen%2C+A%3BMohan%2C+J%3BNiu%2C+S%3BPendall%2C+E%3BPenuelas%2C+J%3BPfeifer-Meister%2C+L%3BPoll%2C+C%3BReinsch%2C+S%3BReynolds%2C+L+L%3BSchmidt%2C+I+K%3BSistla%2C+S%3BSokol%2C+N+W%3BTempler%2C+P+H%3BTreseder%2C+K+K%3BWelker%2C+J+M%3BBradford%2C+M+A&rft.aulast=Crowther&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2016-12-01&rft.volume=540&rft.issue=7631&rft.spage=104&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+%28London%29&rft.issn=00280836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnature20150 L2 - http://www.nature.com/nature/index.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 28 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-19 N1 - CODEN - NATUAS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon; climate change; fluctuations; geochemistry; global; global change; global warming; horizons; mathematical methods; models; North America; quantitative analysis; sinks; soils; statistical analysis; terrestrial environment; variations DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature20150 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pore-scale investigation on the response of heterotrophic respiration to moisture conditions in heterogeneous soils AN - 1859496084; PQ0003989071 AB - The relationship between microbial respiration rate and soil moisture content is an important property for understanding and predicting soil organic carbon degradation, CO sub(2) production and emission, and their subsequent effects on climate change. This paper reports a pore-scale modeling study to investigate the response of heterotrophic respiration to moisture conditions in soils and to evaluate various factors that affect this response. X-ray computed tomography was used to derive soil pore structures, which were then used for pore-scale model investigation. The pore-scale results were then averaged to calculate the effective respiration rates as a function of water content in soils. The calculated effective respiration rate first increases and then decreases with increasing soil water content, showing a maximum respiration rate at water saturation degree of 0.75, which is consistent with field and laboratory observations. The relationship between the respiration rate and moisture content is affected by various factors, including pore-scale organic carbon bioavailability, the rate of oxygen delivery, soil pore structure and physical heterogeneity, soil clay content, and microbial drought resistivity. Overall, this study provides mechanistic insights into the soil respiration response to the change in moisture conditions, and reveals a complex relationship between heterotrophic microbial respiration rate and moisture content in soils that is affected by various hydrological, geophysical, and biochemical factors. JF - Biogeochemistry AU - Yan, Zhifeng AU - Liu, Chongxuan AU - Todd-Brown, Katherine E AU - Liu, Yuanyuan AU - Bond-Lamberty, Ben AU - Bailey, Vanessa L AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 3335 Innovation Blvd, Richland, WA, 99354, USA, Chongxuan.liu@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2016/12// PY - 2016 DA - December 2016 SP - 121 EP - 134 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 131 IS - 1-2 SN - 0168-2563, 0168-2563 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Climatic changes KW - Organic carbon KW - Soil Water KW - Soil KW - Bioavailability KW - Soils KW - Emissions KW - Geophysics KW - Droughts KW - Modelling KW - Biogeochemistry KW - Organic Carbon KW - Laboratories KW - Water content KW - Oxygen KW - Pores KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - Ionizing radiation KW - Computed tomography KW - Microorganisms KW - Moisture Content KW - Soil moisture KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Biochemistry KW - Respiration KW - Climate change KW - Water KW - Models KW - Clays KW - Carbon KW - Heterogeneity KW - Soils (organic) KW - Bioaccumulation KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - SW 0810:General KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q2 09261:General KW - ENA 15:Renewable Resources-Terrestrial UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1859496084?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biogeochemistry&rft.atitle=Pore-scale+investigation+on+the+response+of+heterotrophic+respiration+to+moisture+conditions+in+heterogeneous+soils&rft.au=Yan%2C+Zhifeng%3BLiu%2C+Chongxuan%3BTodd-Brown%2C+Katherine+E%3BLiu%2C+Yuanyuan%3BBond-Lamberty%2C+Ben%3BBailey%2C+Vanessa+L&rft.aulast=Yan&rft.aufirst=Zhifeng&rft.date=2016-12-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=292&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Magnetic+resonance+in+chemistry+%3A+MRC&rft.issn=1097-458X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fmrc.3945 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 62 N1 - Last updated - 2017-03-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biogeochemistry; Respiration; Climate change; Organic carbon; Soils; Carbon dioxide; Water content; Water; Modelling; Laboratories; Climatic changes; Soils (organic); Clays; Models; Bioavailability; Oxygen; Pores; Carbon; Ionizing radiation; Computed tomography; Soil moisture; Droughts; Biochemistry; Soil; Emissions; Geophysics; Bioaccumulation; Water Pollution Effects; Organic Carbon; Microorganisms; Moisture Content; Soil Water; Heterogeneity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10533-016-0270-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bridging experiment and theory: a template for unifying NMR data and electronic structure calculations AN - 1827905733; PQ0003731644 AB - The testing of theoretical models with experimental data is an integral part of the scientific method, and a logical place to search for new ways of stimulating scientific productivity. Often experiment/theory comparisons may be viewed as a workflow comprised of well-defined, rote operations distributed over several distinct computers, as exemplified by the way in which predictions from electronic structure theories are evaluated with results from spectroscopic experiments. For workflows such as this, which may be laborious and time consuming to perform manually, software that could orchestrate the operations and transfer results between computers in a seamless and automated fashion would offer major efficiency gains. Such tools also promise to alter how researchers interact with data outside their field of specialization by, e.g., making raw experimental results more accessible to theorists, and the outputs of theoretical calculations more readily comprehended by experimentalists. An implementation of an automated workflow has been developed for the integrated analysis of data from nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments and electronic structure calculations. Kepler (Altintas et al. 2004) open source software was used to coordinate the processing and transfer of data at each step of the workflow. This workflow incorporated several open source software components, including electronic structure code to compute NMR parameters, a program to simulate NMR signals, NMR data processing programs, and others. The Kepler software was found to be sufficiently flexible to address several minor implementation challenges without recourse to other software solutions. The automated workflow was demonstrated with data from a super(17)O NMR study of uranyl salts described previously (Cho et al. in J Chem Phys 132:084501, 2010). The functional implementation of an automated process linking NMR data with electronic structure predictions demonstrates that modern software tools such as Kepler can be used to construct programs that comprehensively manage complex, multi-step scientific workflows spanning several different computers. Automation of the workflow can greatly accelerate the pace of discovery, and allows researchers to focus on the fundamental scientific questions rather than mastery of specialized software and data processing techniques. Future developments that would expand the scope and power of this approach include tools to standardize data and associated metadata formats, and the creation of interactive user interfaces to allow real-time exploration of the effects of program inputs on calculated outputs. JF - Journal of Cheminformatics AU - Brown, David ML AU - Cho, Herman AU - Jong, Wibe A AD - grid.451303.0, 0000000122183491, Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA, hm.cho@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2016/12// PY - 2016 DA - December 2016 SP - 1 EP - 9 PB - Springer-Verlag (Heidelberg), Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 8 IS - 1 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Computer programs KW - Salts KW - software KW - Informatics KW - Computers KW - Specialization KW - Automation KW - N.M.R. KW - Models KW - W 30910:Imaging UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1827905733?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Cheminformatics&rft.atitle=Bridging+experiment+and+theory%3A+a+template+for+unifying+NMR+data+and+electronic+structure+calculations&rft.au=Brown%2C+David+ML%3BCho%2C+Herman%3BJong%2C+Wibe+A&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2016-12-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Cheminformatics&rft.issn=1758-2946&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2Fs13321-016-0120-z LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-26 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Salts; Computer programs; software; Informatics; Computers; Automation; Specialization; N.M.R.; Models DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13321-016-0120-z ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Discerning the Location and Nature of Coke Deposition from Surface to Bulk of Spent Zeolite Catalysts. AN - 1843913318; 27876869 AB - The formation of carbonaceous deposits (coke) in zeolite pores during catalysis leads to temporary deactivation of catalyst, necessitating regeneration steps, affecting throughput, and resulting in partial permanent loss of catalytic efficiency. Yet, even to date, the coke molecule distribution is quite challenging to study with high spatial resolution from surface to bulk of the catalyst particles at a single particle level. To address this challenge we investigated the coke molecules in HZSM-5 catalyst after ethanol conversion treatment by a combination of C K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), 13C Cross polarization-magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (CP-MAS NMR) spectroscopy, and atom probe tomography (APT). XAS and NMR highlighted the aromatic character of coke molecules. APT permitted the imaging of the spatial distribution of hydrocarbon molecules located within the pores of spent HZSM-5 catalyst from surface to bulk at a single particle level. 27Al NMR results and APT results indicated association of coke molecules with Al enriched regions within the spent HZSM-5 catalyst particles. The experimental results were additionally validated by a level-set-based APT field evaporation model. These results provide a new approach to investigate catalytic deactivation due to hydrocarbon coking or poisoning of zeolites at an unprecedented spatial resolution. JF - Scientific reports AU - Devaraj, Arun AU - Vijayakumar, Murugesan AU - Bao, Jie AU - Guo, Mond F AU - Derewinski, Miroslaw A AU - Xu, Zhijie AU - Gray, Michel J AU - Prodinger, Sebastian AU - Ramasamy, Karthikeyan K AD - Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland, Washington 99354, USA. ; Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA. Y1 - 2016/11/23/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Nov 23 SP - 37586 VL - 6 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1843913318?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Scientific+reports&rft.atitle=Discerning+the+Location+and+Nature+of+Coke+Deposition+from+Surface+to+Bulk+of+Spent+Zeolite+Catalysts.&rft.au=Devaraj%2C+Arun%3BVijayakumar%2C+Murugesan%3BBao%2C+Jie%3BGuo%2C+Mond+F%3BDerewinski%2C+Miroslaw+A%3BXu%2C+Zhijie%3BGray%2C+Michel+J%3BProdinger%2C+Sebastian%3BRamasamy%2C+Karthikeyan+K&rft.aulast=Devaraj&rft.aufirst=Arun&rft.date=2016-11-23&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=37586&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Scientific+reports&rft.issn=2045-2322&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fsrep37586 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-11-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep37586 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cells Respond to Distinct Nanoparticle Properties with Multiple Strategies As Revealed by Single-Cell RNA-Seq. AN - 1835002242; 27788331 AB - The impact of distinct nanoparticle (NP) properties on cellular response and ultimately human health is unclear. This gap is partially due to experimental difficulties in achieving uniform NP loads in the studied cells, creating heterogeneous populations with some cells "overloaded" while other cells are loaded with few or no NPs. Yet gene expression studies have been conducted in the population as a whole, identifying generic responses, while missing unique responses due to signal averaging across many cells, each carrying different loads. Here, we applied single-cell RNA-Seq to alveolar epithelial cells carrying defined loads of aminated or carboxylated quantum dots (QDs), showing higher or lower toxicity, respectively. Interestingly, cells carrying lower loads responded with multiple strategies, mostly with up-regulated processes, which were nonetheless coherent and unique to each QD type. In contrast, cells carrying higher loads responded more uniformly, with mostly down-regulated processes that were shared across QD types. Strategies unique to aminated QDs showed strong up-regulation of stress responses, coupled in some cases with regulation of cell cycle, protein synthesis, and organelle activities. In contrast, strategies unique to carboxylated QDs showed up-regulation of DNA repair and RNA activities and decreased regulation of cell division, coupled in some cases with up-regulation of stress responses and ATP-related functions. Together, our studies suggest scenarios where higher NP loads lock cells into uniform responses, mostly shutdown of cellular processes, whereas lower loads allow for unique responses to each NP type that are more diversified proactive defenses or repairs of the NP insults. JF - ACS nano AU - Mitchell, Hugh D AU - Markillie, Lye Meng AU - Chrisler, William B AU - Gaffrey, Matthew J AU - Hu, Dehong AU - Szymanski, Craig J AU - Xie, Yumei AU - Melby, Eric S AU - Dohnalkova, Alice AU - Taylor, Ronald C AU - Grate, Eva K AU - Cooley, Scott K AU - McDermott, Jason E AU - Heredia-Langner, Alejandro AU - Orr, Galya AD - Earth & Biological Sciences Directorate and ‡National Security Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland, Washington 99352, United States. Y1 - 2016/11/22/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Nov 22 SP - 10173 EP - 10185 VL - 10 IS - 11 KW - transcriptional response KW - single-cell sorting KW - functional enrichment KW - hierarchical clustering KW - differential gene expression UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1835002242?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+nano&rft.atitle=Cells+Respond+to+Distinct+Nanoparticle+Properties+with+Multiple+Strategies+As+Revealed+by+Single-Cell+RNA-Seq.&rft.au=Mitchell%2C+Hugh+D%3BMarkillie%2C+Lye+Meng%3BChrisler%2C+William+B%3BGaffrey%2C+Matthew+J%3BHu%2C+Dehong%3BSzymanski%2C+Craig+J%3BXie%2C+Yumei%3BMelby%2C+Eric+S%3BDohnalkova%2C+Alice%3BTaylor%2C+Ronald+C%3BGrate%2C+Eva+K%3BCooley%2C+Scott+K%3BMcDermott%2C+Jason+E%3BHeredia-Langner%2C+Alejandro%3BOrr%2C+Galya&rft.aulast=Mitchell&rft.aufirst=Hugh&rft.date=2016-11-22&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=10173&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+nano&rft.issn=1936-086X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2Fgeo2012-0333.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-10-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Particle size effect and the mechanism of hematite reduction by the outer membrane cytochrome OmcA of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 AN - 1832622151; 783995-10 AB - The cycling of iron at the Earth's near surface is profoundly influenced by dissimilatory metal reducing microorganisms, and many studies have focused on unraveling electron transfer mechanisms between these bacteria and Fe(III)-(oxyhydr)oxides. However, these efforts have been complicated by the fact that these minerals often occur in the micro- to nanosize regime, and in relevant natural environments as well as in the laboratory are subject to aggregation. The nature of the physical interface between the cellular envelope, the outer-membrane cytochromes responsible for facilitating the interfacial electron transfer step, and these complex mineral particulates is thus difficult to probe. Previous studies using whole cells have reported reduction rates that do not correlate with particle size. In the present study we isolate the interaction between the decaheme outer-membrane cytochrome OmcA of Shewanella oneidensis and nanoparticulate hematite, examining the reduction rate as a function of particle size and reaction products through detailed characterization of the electron balance and the structure and valence of iron at particle surfaces. By comparison with abiotic reduction via the smaller molecule ascorbic acid, we show that the reduction rate is systematically controlled by the sterically accessible interfacial contact area between OmcA and hematite in particle aggregates; rates increase once pore throat sizes in aggregates become as large as OmcA. Simultaneous measure of OmcA oxidation against Fe(II) release shows a ratio of 1:10, consistent with a cascade OmcA oxidation mechanism heme by heme. X-ray absorption spectroscopies reveal incipient magnetite on the reacted surfaces of the hematite nanoparticles after reaction. The collective findings establish the importance of accessibility of physical contact between the terminal reductases and iron oxide surfaces, and through apparent consistency of observations help reconcile behavior reported at the larger more complex scale of whole cell studies. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Liu, Juan AU - Pearce, Carolyn I AU - Shi, Liang AU - Wang, Zheming AU - Shi, Zhi AU - Arenholz, Elke AU - Rosso, Kevin M Y1 - 2016/11/15/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Nov 15 SP - 160 EP - 175 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 193 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832622151?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Particle+size+effect+and+the+mechanism+of+hematite+reduction+by+the+outer+membrane+cytochrome+OmcA+of+Shewanella+oneidensis+MR-1&rft.au=Liu%2C+Juan%3BPearce%2C+Carolyn+I%3BShi%2C+Liang%3BWang%2C+Zheming%3BShi%2C+Zhi%3BArenholz%2C+Elke%3BRosso%2C+Kevin+M&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Juan&rft.date=2016-11-15&rft.volume=193&rft.issue=&rft.spage=160&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2016.08.022 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2016.08.022 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fe(II) sorption on pyrophyllite; effect of structural Fe(III) (impurity) in pyrophyllite on nature of layered double hydroxide (LDH) secondary mineral formation AN - 1819896557; 2016-081403 AB - Fe(II)-Al(III)-LDH (layered double hydroxide) phases have been shown to form from reactions of aqueous Fe(II) with Fe-free Al-bearing minerals (phyllosilicate/clays and Al-oxides). To our knowledge, however, the effect of small amounts of structural Fe(III) in natural clays on such reactions were not studied. In this study to understand the role of structural Fe(III) in clay, laboratory batch studies with pyrophyllite (10 g/L), an Al-bearing phyllosilicate, containing small amounts of structural Fe(III) and 0.8 mM and 3 mM Fe(II) (both natural and enriched in (super 57) Fe) were carried out at pH 7.5 under anaerobic conditions (4% H (sub 2) -96% N (sub 2) atmosphere). Samples were taken up to 4 weeks for analysis by Fe-X-ray absorption spectroscopy and (super 57) Fe Mossbauer spectroscopy. In addition to the precipitation of Fe(II)-Al(III)-LDH phases as observed in earlier studies with pure minerals (no Fe(III) impurities in the minerals), the analyses indicated the formation of small amounts of Fe(III) containing solids, most probably a hybrid Fe(II)-Al(III)/Fe(III)-LDH phase. The mechanism of Fe(II) oxidation was not apparent but most likely was due to either interfacial electron transfer from the spiked Fe(II) to the structural Fe(III) and/or surface-sorption-induced electron-transfer from the sorbed Fe(II) to the clay lattice. This research provides evidence for the formation of both Fe(II)-Al(III)-LDH and Fe(II)-Fe(III)/Al(III)-LDH-like phases during reactions of Fe(II) in systems that mimic the natural environments. Better understanding Fe phase formation in complex laboratory studies will improve models of natural redox systems. JF - Chemical Geology AU - Starcher, Autumn N AU - Li, Wei AU - Kukkadapu, Ravi K AU - Elzinga, Evert J AU - Sparks, Donald L Y1 - 2016/11/07/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Nov 07 SP - 152 EP - 160 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 439 SN - 0009-2541, 0009-2541 KW - silicates KW - sorption KW - pyrophyllite KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - mass spectra KW - crystal structure KW - layered materials KW - iron KW - variations KW - laboratory studies KW - phase equilibria KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - Eh KW - Mossbauer spectra KW - experimental studies KW - secondary minerals KW - oxidation KW - iron hydroxides KW - models KW - ICP mass spectra KW - hydroxides KW - metals KW - EXAFS data KW - sheet silicates KW - crystal chemistry KW - chemical fractionation KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1819896557?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Geology&rft.atitle=Fe%28II%29+sorption+on+pyrophyllite%3B+effect+of+structural+Fe%28III%29+%28impurity%29+in+pyrophyllite+on+nature+of+layered+double+hydroxide+%28LDH%29+secondary+mineral+formation&rft.au=Starcher%2C+Autumn+N%3BLi%2C+Wei%3BKukkadapu%2C+Ravi+K%3BElzinga%2C+Evert+J%3BSparks%2C+Donald+L&rft.aulast=Starcher&rft.aufirst=Autumn&rft.date=2016-11-07&rft.volume=439&rft.issue=&rft.spage=152&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Geology&rft.issn=00092541&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.chemgeo.2016.06.017 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00092541 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 68 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - CODEN - CHGEAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical fractionation; crystal chemistry; crystal structure; Eh; EXAFS data; experimental studies; hydroxides; ICP mass spectra; iron; iron hydroxides; laboratory studies; layered materials; mass spectra; metals; models; Mossbauer spectra; oxidation; oxides; phase equilibria; pyrophyllite; secondary minerals; sheet silicates; silicates; sorption; spectra; variations; X-ray diffraction data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2016.06.017 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Increase in winter haze over eastern China in recent decades: Roles of variations in meteorological parameters and anthropogenic emissions AN - 1850770970; PQ0003929208 AB - The increase in winter haze over eastern China in recent decades due to variations in meteorological parameters and anthropogenic emissions was quantified using observed atmospheric visibility from the National Climatic Data Center Global Summary of Day database for 1980-2014 and simulated PM sub(2.5) concentrations for 1985-2005 from the Goddard Earth-Observing System (GEOS) chemical transport model (GEOS-Chem). Observed winter haze days averaged over eastern China (105-122.5 degree E, 20-45 degree N) increased from 21days in 1980 to 42days in 2014 and from 22 to 30days between 1985 and 2005. The GEOS-Chem model captured the increasing trend of winter PM sub(2.5) concentrations for 1985-2005, with concentrations averaged over eastern China increasing from 16.1 mu gm super(-3) in 1985 to 38.4 mu gm super(-3) in 2005. Considering variations in both anthropogenic emissions and meteorological parameters, the model simulated an increase in winter surface-layer PM sub(2.5) concentrations of 10.5 ( plus or minus 6.2) mu gm super(-3)decade super(-1) over eastern China. The increasing trend was only 1.8 ( plus or minus 1.5) mu gm super(-3)decade super(-1) when variations in meteorological parameters alone were considered. Among the meteorological parameters, the weakening of winds by -0.09ms super(-1)decade super(-1) over 1985-2005 was found to be the dominant factor leading to the decadal increase in winter aerosol concentrations and haze days over eastern China during recent decades. Key Points * Anthropogenic emissions dominated the increase in winter haze days * Meteorological parameters explained 17% of the increase * Winds contributed the most to the decadal increase among the meteorological parameters JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres AU - Yang, Yang AU - Liao, Hong AU - Lou, Sijia AD - Atmospheric Science and Global Change Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA. Y1 - 2016/11// PY - 2016 DA - November 2016 SP - 13 EP - 13,065 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ United States VL - 121 IS - 21 SN - 2169-897X, 2169-897X KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Aerosol concentration KW - Wind shear KW - Aerosols KW - Atmospheric pollution KW - Atmospheric pollution models KW - Anthropogenic factors KW - Haze KW - Winter KW - Climatic data KW - Databases KW - Meteorological parameters KW - Climatic Data KW - Particulate matter emissions KW - National Climatic Data Center KW - Visibility KW - China, People's Rep. KW - Wind KW - Modelling KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - SW 0810:General KW - Q2 09244:Air-sea coupling UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1850770970?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.atitle=Increase+in+winter+haze+over+eastern+China+in+recent+decades%3A+Roles+of+variations+in+meteorological+parameters+and+anthropogenic+emissions&rft.au=Yang%2C+Yang%3BLiao%2C+Hong%3BLou%2C+Sijia&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=Yang&rft.date=2016-11-01&rft.volume=121&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.issn=2169897X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2016JD025136 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Climatic data; Aerosols; Anthropogenic factors; Winter; Modelling; Haze; Aerosol concentration; Wind shear; Atmospheric pollution models; Atmospheric pollution; Meteorological parameters; Particulate matter emissions; National Climatic Data Center; Visibility; Databases; Climatic Data; Wind; China, People's Rep. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2016JD025136 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Vertical overlap of probability density functions of cloud and precipitation hydrometeors AN - 1850769692; PQ0003929195 AB - Coarse-resolution climate models increasingly rely on probability density functions (PDFs) to represent subgrid-scale variability of prognostic variables. While PDFs characterize the horizontal variability, a separate treatment is needed to account for the vertical structure of clouds and precipitation. When subcolumns are drawn from these PDFs for microphysics or radiation parameterizations, appropriate vertical correlations must be enforced via PDF overlap specifications. This study evaluates the representation of PDF overlap in the Subgrid Importance Latin Hypercube Sampler (SILHS) employed in the assumed PDF turbulence and cloud scheme called the Cloud Layers Unified by Binormals (CLUBB). PDF overlap in CLUBB-SILHS simulations of continental and tropical oceanic deep convection is compared with overlap of PDF of various microphysics variables in cloud-resolving model (CRM) simulations of the same cases that explicitly predict the 3-D structure of cloud and precipitation fields. CRM results show that PDF overlap varies significantly between different hydrometeor types, as well as between PDFs of mass and number mixing ratios for each species-a distinction that the current SILHS implementation does not make. In CRM simulations that explicitly resolve cloud and precipitation structures, faster falling species, such as rain and graupel, exhibit significantly higher coherence in their vertical distributions than slow falling cloud liquid and ice. These results suggest that to improve the overlap treatment in the subcolumn generator, the PDF correlations need to depend on hydrometeor properties, such as fall speeds, in addition to the currently implemented dependency on the turbulent convective length scale. Key Points * Vertical correlations between microphysics variables are studied in CLUBB SILHS and CRM * Rank correlations vary greatly between various hydrometeor types in CRM-predicted fields * PDFs of faster falling hydrometeors exhibit greater vertical coherence JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres AU - Ovchinnikov, Mikhail AU - Lim, Kyo-Sun Sunny AU - Larson, Vincent E AU - Wong, May AU - Thayer-Calder, Katherine AU - Ghan, Steven J AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA. Y1 - 2016/11// PY - 2016 DA - November 2016 SP - 12 EP - 12,984 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ United States VL - 121 IS - 21 SN - 2169-897X, 2169-897X KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Convection KW - Variability KW - Correlations KW - Convection development KW - turbulence KW - Specifications KW - Radiation KW - Mixing ratio KW - Modelling KW - Atmospheric precipitations KW - Ice KW - Vertical distribution KW - Climate models KW - Hydrometeor types KW - Simulation Analysis KW - Density KW - Climates KW - Climate KW - Simulation KW - Precipitation KW - Probability density function KW - Vertical profiles KW - Clouds KW - Numerical simulations KW - Hydrometeors KW - Convective activity KW - M2 551.581:Latitudinal Influences (551.581) KW - SW 0810:General KW - Q2 09244:Air-sea coupling UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1850769692?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.atitle=Vertical+overlap+of+probability+density+functions+of+cloud+and+precipitation+hydrometeors&rft.au=Ovchinnikov%2C+Mikhail%3BLim%2C+Kyo-Sun+Sunny%3BLarson%2C+Vincent+E%3BWong%2C+May%3BThayer-Calder%2C+Katherine%3BGhan%2C+Steven+J&rft.aulast=Ovchinnikov&rft.aufirst=Mikhail&rft.date=2016-11-01&rft.volume=121&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=12&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.issn=2169897X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2016JD025158 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Convection; Atmospheric precipitations; Vertical distribution; Radiation; Hydrometeors; Climate; Simulation; Vertical profiles; Modelling; Clouds; Climate models; Hydrometeor types; Numerical simulations; Convective activity; Correlations; Mixing ratio; Convection development; Probability density function; Precipitation; Ice; Variability; Simulation Analysis; Density; Climates; turbulence; Specifications DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2016JD025158 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structure-property reduced order model for viscosity prediction in single-component CO2-binding organic liquids AN - 1846419217; PQ0003848302 AB - CO2 capture from power generation with aqueous solvents remains energy intensive due to the high water content of the current technology, or the high viscosity of non-aqueous alternatives. Quantitative reduced models, connecting molecular structure to bulk properties, are key for developing structure-property relationships that enable molecular design. In this work, we describe such a model that quantitatively predicts viscosities of CO2 binding organic liquids (CO2BOLs) based solely on molecular structure and the amount of bound CO2. The functional form of the model correlates the viscosity with the CO2 loading and an electrostatic term describing the charge distribution between the CO2-bearing functional group and the proton-receiving amine. Molecular simulations identify the proton shuttle between these groups within the same molecule to be the critical indicator of low viscosity. The model, developed to allow for quick screening of solvent libraries, paves the way towards the rational design of low viscosity water-lean solvent systems for post-combustion CO2 capture. Following these theoretical recommendations, synthetic efforts of promising candidates and viscosity measurement provide experimental validation and verification. JF - Green Chemistry AU - Cantu, David C AU - Malhotra, Deepika AU - Koech, Phillip K AU - Heldebrant, David J AU - Zheng, Feng AU - Freeman, Charles J AU - Rousseau, Roger AU - Glezakou, Vassiliki-Alexandra AD - Physical Sciences Division; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Richland; WA 99352; USA Y1 - 2016/11// PY - 2016 DA - November 2016 SP - 6004 EP - 6011 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry, c/o Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Secaucus New Jersey 07096 2485 United States VL - 18 IS - 22 SN - 1463-9262, 1463-9262 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Molecular structure KW - Prediction KW - Electric power generation KW - Energy KW - Green development KW - Solvents KW - Simulation KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Amines KW - Water content KW - Technology KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1846419217?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Green+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Structure-property+reduced+order+model+for+viscosity+prediction+in+single-component+CO2-binding+organic+liquids&rft.au=Cantu%2C+David+C%3BMalhotra%2C+Deepika%3BKoech%2C+Phillip+K%3BHeldebrant%2C+David+J%3BZheng%2C+Feng%3BFreeman%2C+Charles+J%3BRousseau%2C+Roger%3BGlezakou%2C+Vassiliki-Alexandra&rft.aulast=Cantu&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2016-11-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=22&rft.spage=6004&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Green+Chemistry&rft.issn=14639262&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc6gc02203k LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-12-01 N1 - Number of references - 55 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Prediction; Molecular structure; Energy; Electric power generation; Green development; Solvents; Simulation; Water content; Amines; Carbon dioxide; Technology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6gc02203k ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Uncertainty and feasibility of dynamical downscaling for modeling tropical cyclones for storm surge simulation AN - 1837340184; PQ0003771544 AB - This paper presents a modeling study conducted to evaluate the uncertainty of a regional model in simulating hurricane wind and pressure fields, and the feasibility of driving coastal storm surge simulation using an ensemble of region model outputs produced by 18 combinations of 3 convection schemes and 6 microphysics parameterizations, using Hurricane Katrina as a test case. Simulated wind and pressure fields were compared to observed H*Wind data for Hurricane Katrina, and simulated storm surge was compared to observed high-water marks on the northern coast of the Gulf of Mexico. The ensemble modeling analysis demonstrated that the regional model was able to reproduce the characteristics of Hurricane Katrina with reasonable accuracy and can be used to drive the coastal ocean model for simulating coastal storm surge. Results indicated that the regional model is sensitive to both convection and microphysics parameterizations that simulate moist processes closely linked to the tropical cyclone dynamics that influence hurricane development and intensification. The Zhang and McFarlane (ZM) convection scheme and the Lim and Hong (WDM6) microphysics parameterization are the most skillful in simulating Hurricane Katrina maximum wind speed and central pressure, among the three convection and the six microphysics parameterizations. Error statistics of simulated maximum water levels were calculated for a baseline simulation with H*Wind forcing and the 18 ensemble simulations driven by the regional model outputs. The storm surge model produced the overall best results in simulating the maximum water levels using wind and pressure fields generated with the ZM convection scheme and the WDM6 microphysics parameterization. JF - Natural Hazards AU - Yang, Zhaoqing AU - Taraphdar, Sourav AU - Wang, Taiping AU - Ruby Leung, L AU - Grear, Molly AD - Marine Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 1100 Dexter Avenue North, Suite 400, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA, zhaoqing.yang@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2016/11// PY - 2016 DA - November 2016 SP - 1161 EP - 1184 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 84 IS - 2 SN - 0921-030X, 0921-030X KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Environment Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Cyclones KW - Feasibility studies KW - Convection KW - Statistics KW - Hurricane development KW - Convection development KW - Tropical cyclones KW - Wind fields KW - Storms KW - Water levels KW - Wind speed KW - Driving ability KW - Tropical Cyclones KW - Storm surge models KW - Storm Surges KW - Wind KW - Coasts KW - Hurricane winds KW - Modelling KW - Wind shear KW - Simulation Analysis KW - Simulation KW - Velocity KW - Pressure field KW - Water Level KW - Coastal storms KW - ASW, Mexico Gulf KW - Hurricanes KW - Numerical simulations KW - Storm surges KW - Regional-scale models KW - Oceans KW - Tropical cyclone dynamics KW - Coastal ocean models KW - Pressure fields KW - SW 0810:General KW - M2 551.468:Coastal Oceanography (551.468) KW - Q2 09182:Methods and instruments KW - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1837340184?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Natural+Hazards&rft.atitle=Uncertainty+and+feasibility+of+dynamical+downscaling+for+modeling+tropical+cyclones+for+storm+surge+simulation&rft.au=Yang%2C+Zhaoqing%3BTaraphdar%2C+Sourav%3BWang%2C+Taiping%3BRuby+Leung%2C+L%3BGrear%2C+Molly&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=Zhaoqing&rft.date=2016-11-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=1161&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Natural+Hazards&rft.issn=0921030X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11069-016-2482-y LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 90 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Wind speed; Water levels; Convection; Hurricanes; Storm surges; Pressure field; Storms; Wind fields; Modelling; Wind shear; Hurricane development; Convection development; Tropical cyclones; Coastal storms; Numerical simulations; Regional-scale models; Storm surge models; Tropical cyclone dynamics; Coastal ocean models; Pressure fields; Hurricane winds; Feasibility studies; Cyclones; Driving ability; Oceans; Velocity; Simulation; Wind; Statistics; Tropical Cyclones; Simulation Analysis; Storm Surges; Water Level; Coasts; ASW, Mexico Gulf DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11069-016-2482-y ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Skyline Plugin for Pathway-Centric Data Browsing. AN - 1835406238; 27530777 AB - For targeted proteomics to be broadly adopted in biological laboratories as a routine experimental protocol, wet-bench biologists must be able to approach selected reaction monitoring (SRM) and parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) assay design in the same way they approach biological experimental design. Most often, biological hypotheses are envisioned in a set of protein interactions, networks, and pathways. We present a plugin for the popular Skyline tool that presents public mass spectrometry data in a pathway-centric view to assist users in browsing available data and determining how to design quantitative experiments. Selected proteins and their underlying mass spectra are imported to Skyline for further assay design (transition selection). The same plugin can be used for hypothesis-driven data-independent acquisition (DIA) data analysis, again utilizing the pathway view to help narrow down the set of proteins that will be investigated. The plugin is backed by the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) Biodiversity Library, a corpus of 3 million peptides from >100 organisms, and the draft human proteome. Users can upload personal data to the plugin to use the pathway navigation prior to importing their own data into Skyline. Graphical Abstract ᅟ. JF - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry AU - Degan, Michael G AU - Ryadinskiy, Lillian AU - Fujimoto, Grant M AU - Wilkins, Christopher S AU - Lichti, Cheryl F AU - Payne, Samuel H AD - Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99354, USA. ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA. ; Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99354, USA. samuel.payne@pnnl.gov. Y1 - 2016/11// PY - 2016 DA - November 2016 SP - 1752 EP - 1757 VL - 27 IS - 11 KW - Targeted proteomics KW - Bioinformatics KW - Systems biology KW - Data analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1835406238?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Society+for+Mass+Spectrometry&rft.atitle=A+Skyline+Plugin+for+Pathway-Centric+Data+Browsing.&rft.au=Degan%2C+Michael+G%3BRyadinskiy%2C+Lillian%3BFujimoto%2C+Grant+M%3BWilkins%2C+Christopher+S%3BLichti%2C+Cheryl+F%3BPayne%2C+Samuel+H&rft.aulast=Degan&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2016-11-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1752&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Society+for+Mass+Spectrometry&rft.issn=1879-1123&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-08-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sequential ensemble-based optimal design for parameter estimation AN - 1873349611; 2017-014293 AB - The ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) has been widely used in parameter estimation for hydrological models. The focus of most previous studies was to develop more efficient analysis (estimation) algorithms. On the other hand, it is intuitively understandable that a well-designed sampling (data-collection) strategy should provide more informative measurements and subsequently improve the parameter estimation. In this work, a Sequential Ensemble-based Optimal Design (SEOD) method, coupled with EnKF, information theory and sequential optimal design, is proposed to improve the performance of parameter estimation. Based on the first-order and second-order statistics, different information metrics including the Shannon entropy difference (SD), degrees of freedom for signal (DFS) and relative entropy (RE) are used to design the optimal sampling strategy, respectively. The effectiveness of the proposed method is illustrated by synthetic one-dimensional and two-dimensional unsaturated flow case studies. It is shown that the designed sampling strategies can provide more accurate parameter estimation and state prediction compared with conventional sampling strategies. Optimal sampling designs based on various information metrics perform similarly in our cases. The effect of ensemble size on the optimal design is also investigated. Overall, larger ensemble size improves the parameter estimation and convergence of optimal sampling strategy. Although the proposed method is applied to unsaturated flow problems in this study, it can be equally applied in any other hydrological problems. Abstract Copyright (2016), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Man, Jun AU - Zhang, Jiangjiang AU - Li, Weixuan AU - Zeng, Lingzao AU - Wu, Laosheng Y1 - 2016/10// PY - 2016 DA - October 2016 SP - 7577 EP - 7592 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 52 IS - 10 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - hydrology KW - numerical models KW - entropy KW - Kalman filters KW - unsaturated zone KW - Shannon entropy KW - equations KW - algorithms KW - preferential flow KW - ground water KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1873349611?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physical+chemistry+chemical+physics+%3A+PCCP&rft.atitle=Exploiting+the+physicochemical+properties+of+dendritic+polymers+for+environmental+and+biological+applications.&rft.au=Bhattacharya%2C+Priyanka%3BGeitner%2C+Nicholas+K%3BSarupria%2C+Sapna%3BKe%2C+Pu+Chun&rft.aulast=Bhattacharya&rft.aufirst=Priyanka&rft.date=2013-04-07&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=4477&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Physical+chemistry+chemical+physics+%3A+PCCP&rft.issn=1463-9084&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc3cp44591g L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 52 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2017-03-02 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; entropy; equations; ground water; hydrology; Kalman filters; numerical models; preferential flow; Shannon entropy; unsaturated zone DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2016WR018736 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effect of Si and Al concentrations on the removal of U(VI) in the alkaline conditions created by NH (sub 3) gas AN - 1840615765; 2016-094255 AB - Remediation of uranium in the deep unsaturated zone is a challenging task, especially in the presence of oxygenated, high-carbonate alkalinity soil and pore water composition typical for arid and semi-arid environments of the western regions of the U.S. This study evaluates the effect of various pore water constituencies on changes of uranium concentrations in alkaline conditions, created in the presence of reactive gases such as NH (sub 3) to effectively mitigate uranium contamination in the vadose zone sediments. This contaminant is a potential source for groundwater pollution through slow infiltration of soluble and highly mobile uranium species towards the water table. The objective of this research was to evaluate uranium sequestration efficiencies in the alkaline synthetic pore water solutions prepared in a broad range of Si, Al, and bicarbonate concentrations typically present in field systems of the western U.S. regions and identify solid uranium-bearing phases that result from ammonia gas treatment. In previous studies (Szecsody et al. 2012; Zhong et al. 2015), although uranium mobility was greatly decreased, solid phases could not be identified at the low uranium concentrations in field-contaminated sediments. The chemical composition of the synthetic pore water used in the experiments varied for silica (5-250 mM), Al (super 3+) (2.8 or 5 mM), HCO (sub 3) (super -) (0-100 mM) and U(VI) (0.0021-0.0084 mM) in the solution mixture. Experiment results suggested that solutions with Si concentrations higher than 50 mM exhibited greater removal efficiencies of U(VI). Solutions with higher concentrations of bicarbonate also exhibited greater removal efficiencies for Si, Al, and U(VI). Overall, the silica polymerization reaction leading to the formation of Si gel correlated with the removal of U(VI), Si, and Al from the solution. If no Si polymerization was observed, there was no U removal from the supernatant solution. Speciation modeling indicated that the dominant uranium species in the presence of bicarbonate were anionic uranyl carbonate complexes (UO (sub 2) (CO (sub 3) ) (sub 2) (super -2) and UO (sub 2) (CO (sub 3) ) (sub 3) (super -4) ) and in the absence of bicarbonate in the solution, U(VI) major species appeared as uranyl-hydroxide (UO (sub 2) (OH) (sub 3) (super -) and UO (sub 2) (OH) (sub 4) (super -2) ) species. The model also predicted the formation of uranium solid phases. Uranyl carbonates as rutherfordine [UO (sub 2) CO (sub 3) ], cejkaite [Na (sub 4) (UO2)(CO (sub 3) ) (sub 3) ] and hydrated uranyl silicate phases as Na-boltwoodite [Na(UO (sub 2) )(SiO (sub 4) ).1.5H (sub 2) O] were anticipated for most of the synthetic pore water compositions amended from medium (2.9 mM) to high (100 mM) bicarbonate concentrations. JF - Applied Geochemistry AU - Katsenovich, Yelena P AU - Cardona, Claudia AU - Lapierre, Robert AU - Szecsody, Jim AU - Lagos, Leonel E Y1 - 2016/10// PY - 2016 DA - October 2016 SP - 109 EP - 117 PB - Elsevier, Oxford-New York-Beijing VL - 73 SN - 0883-2927, 0883-2927 KW - United States KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - solutions KW - unsaturated zone KW - mass spectra KW - polymerization KW - silicon KW - remediation KW - chemical reactions KW - Western U.S. KW - aluminum KW - spectra KW - water pollution KW - pH KW - ammonia compound KW - experimental studies KW - Washington KW - gaseous phase KW - acid mine drainage KW - pollutants KW - variance analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - uranyl ion KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - electron microscopy data KW - correlation KW - bicarbonate ion KW - X-ray spectra KW - boltwoodite KW - EDS spectra KW - alkalic composition KW - solid phase KW - models KW - ICP mass spectra KW - soil pollution KW - metals KW - uranium KW - carbonates KW - actinides KW - SEM data KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1840615765?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=The+effect+of+Si+and+Al+concentrations+on+the+removal+of+U%28VI%29+in+the+alkaline+conditions+created+by+NH+%28sub+3%29+gas&rft.au=Katsenovich%2C+Yelena+P%3BCardona%2C+Claudia%3BLapierre%2C+Robert%3BSzecsody%2C+Jim%3BLagos%2C+Leonel+E&rft.aulast=Katsenovich&rft.aufirst=Yelena&rft.date=2016-10-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=&rft.spage=109&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.issn=08832927&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.apgeochem.2016.08.002 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/08832927 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid mine drainage; actinides; alkalic composition; aluminum; ammonia compound; bicarbonate ion; boltwoodite; carbonates; chemical reactions; correlation; EDS spectra; electron microscopy data; experimental studies; gaseous phase; Hanford Site; ICP mass spectra; mass spectra; metals; models; pH; pollutants; pollution; polymerization; prediction; remediation; SEM data; silicon; soil pollution; solid phase; solutions; spectra; statistical analysis; United States; unsaturated zone; uranium; uranyl ion; variance analysis; Washington; water pollution; Western U.S.; X-ray diffraction data; X-ray spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2016.08.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inorganic tin aluminophosphate nanocomposite for reductive separation of pertechnetate AN - 1837343479; PQ0003740123 AB - Pertechnetate (TcO4-) is the most abundant chemical form of the radioactive contaminant 99Tc present in legacy nuclear waste streams and in the subsurface of nuclear waste storage sites. One proposed remediation approach is reductive separation of TcO4- and sequestration in low-temperature waste forms. The development of relevant technologies has been slow due to the lack of reductive materials that retain their functionality and are otherwise suitable for application in multicomponent and aggressive media such as highly alkaline, brine-like solutions typifying nuclear tank wastes. In this work, a tin-based reductive material was prepared, and its potential utility for the separation of TcO4- from alkaline nuclear wastes was demonstrated. This material consists of Sn(ii/iv) phosphate supported by a polycrystalline aluminophosphate matrix. The aluminophosphate matrix is inert to the reaction conditions and offers the benefits of high stability and low solubility in concentrated alkaline solutions. This Sn(ii/iv)-based material exhibits a high loading capacity for Tc and selectively removes a major fraction of TcO4- from the tank waste supernatant simulant, which contains 7.8 M total sodium and 2.43 M free hydroxide concentrations. Observed Kd values for Tc are about 13 000 and 2200 mL g-1 for simulant solutions containing no or 33 mM Cr(vi), respectively, positioning Sn(ii/iv) aluminophosphate among the best-performing reductive sorbents for TcO4- developed to date. This advanced behaviour is attributed to the synergistic combination of the Sn(ii/iv) aluminophosphate functionalities. The presence of Sn(ii/iv)-rich fibres facilitates the reduction of TcO4- to Tc(iv), which is embedded along the fibre branches. Importantly, the Sn(iv)-containing inert polycrystalline matrix also incorporates Tc(iv) which triggers its crystallization to cassiterite SnO2 phase and stabilizes Tc(iv) in the polycrystalline matrix. JF - Environmental Science: Nano AU - Levitskaia, Tatiana G AU - Chatterjee, Sayandev AU - Pence, Natasha K AU - Romero, Jesus AU - Varga, Tamas AU - Engelhard, Mark H AU - Du, Yingge AU - Kovarik, Libor AU - Arey, Bruce W AU - Bowden, Mark E AU - Walter, Eric D AD - Energy and Environment Directorate; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Richland; WA 99354; USA Y1 - 2016/10// PY - 2016 DA - October 2016 SP - 1003 EP - 1013 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry, c/o Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Secaucus New Jersey 07096 2485 United States VL - 3 IS - 5 SN - 2051-8153, 2051-8153 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Bioremediation KW - Streams KW - Utilities KW - Sorbents KW - Tanks KW - Cassiterite KW - Chemical pollution KW - Crystallization KW - Radioactive Wastes KW - Solubility KW - Radioactive wastes KW - Waste Load KW - Sodium KW - Storage KW - Phosphates KW - Remediation KW - Tin KW - Hydroxides KW - Technology KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - SW 0810:General KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1837343479?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science%3A+Nano&rft.atitle=Inorganic+tin+aluminophosphate+nanocomposite+for+reductive+separation+of+pertechnetate&rft.au=Levitskaia%2C+Tatiana+G%3BChatterjee%2C+Sayandev%3BPence%2C+Natasha+K%3BRomero%2C+Jesus%3BVarga%2C+Tamas%3BEngelhard%2C+Mark+H%3BDu%2C+Yingge%3BKovarik%2C+Libor%3BArey%2C+Bruce+W%3BBowden%2C+Mark+E%3BWalter%2C+Eric+D&rft.aulast=Levitskaia&rft.aufirst=Tatiana&rft.date=2016-10-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1003&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science%3A+Nano&rft.issn=20518153&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc6en00130k LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 44 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Crystallization; Remediation; Radioactive wastes; Tanks; Cassiterite; Tin; Hydroxides; Streams; Storage; Sodium; Sorbents; Phosphates; Bioremediation; Chemical pollution; Technology; Radioactive Wastes; Solubility; Waste Load; Utilities DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6en00130k ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development and validation of chemistry agnostic flow battery cost performance model and application to nonaqueous electrolyte systems AN - 1827892882; PQ0003650664 AB - A chemistry agnostic cost performance model is described for a nonaqueous flow battery. The model predicts flow battery performance by estimating the active reaction zone thickness at each electrode as a function of current density, state of charge, and flow rate using measured data for electrode kinetics, electrolyte conductivity, and electrode-specific surface area. Validation of the model is conducted using a 4kW stack data at various current densities and flow rates. This model is used to estimate the performance of a nonaqueous flow battery with electrode and electrolyte properties used from the literature. The optimized cost for this system is estimated for various power and energy levels using component costs provided by vendors. The model allows optimization of design parameters such as electrode thickness, area, flow path design, and operating parameters such as power density, flow rate, and operating SOC range for various application duty cycles. A parametric analysis is done to identify components and electrode/electrolyte properties with the highest impact on system cost for various application durations. A pathway to 100$kWh super(-1) for the storage system is identified. A chemistry agnostic cost performance model predicts redox flow battery performance by estimating the active reaction zone thickness at each electrode using measured data for electrode kinetics, electrolyte conductivity and electrode specific surface area. Validation of the model is conducted using stack data at various current densities and flow rates. This model is used to estimate the performance of a non-aqueous flow battery with electrode and electrolyte properties used from the literature. JF - International Journal of Energy Research AU - Crawford, Alasdair AU - Thomsen, Edwin AU - Reed, David AU - Stephenson, David AU - Sprenkle, Vincent AU - Liu, Jun AU - Viswanathan, Vilayanur AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), 902 Battelle Boulevard, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA, 99352, USA. Y1 - 2016/10// PY - 2016 DA - October 2016 SP - 1611 EP - 1623 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 40 IS - 12 SN - 0363-907X, 0363-907X KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Storage KW - Electrolytes KW - Kinetics KW - Surface area KW - Energy KW - Energy research KW - Electrodes KW - Flow rates KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1827892882?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Energy+Research&rft.atitle=Development+and+validation+of+chemistry+agnostic+flow+battery+cost+performance+model+and+application+to+nonaqueous+electrolyte+systems&rft.au=Crawford%2C+Alasdair%3BThomsen%2C+Edwin%3BReed%2C+David%3BStephenson%2C+David%3BSprenkle%2C+Vincent%3BLiu%2C+Jun%3BViswanathan%2C+Vilayanur&rft.aulast=Crawford&rft.aufirst=Alasdair&rft.date=2016-10-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1611&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Energy+Research&rft.issn=0363907X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fer.3526 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-26 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Storage; Electrolytes; Energy research; Energy; Surface area; Kinetics; Electrodes; Flow rates DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/er.3526 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mercury concentrations in Pacific lamprey (Entosphenus tridentatus) and sediments in the Columbia River basin. AN - 1826666004; 26960187 AB - The accumulation of mercury was investigated in Pacific lamprey and stream sediments in the Columbia River basin. Mercury concentrations in larval lamprey differed significantly among sample locations (p < 0.001) and were correlated with concentrations in sediments (r2  = 0.83). Adult concentrations were highly variable (range, 0.1-9.5 μg/g) and unrelated to holding time after collection. The results suggest that Pacific lamprey in the Columbia River basin may be exposed to mercury levels that have adverse ecological effects. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:2571-2576. © 2016 SETAC. JF - Environmental toxicology and chemistry AU - Linley, Timothy AU - Krogstad, Eirik AU - Mueller, Robert AU - Gill, Gary AU - Lasorsa, Brenda AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA. Timothy.Linley@pnnl.gov. ; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA. ; Marine Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Sequim, Washington, USA. Y1 - 2016/10// PY - 2016 DA - October 2016 SP - 2571 EP - 2576 VL - 35 IS - 10 KW - Recruitment KW - Pacific lamprey KW - Mercury UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1826666004?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.atitle=Mercury+concentrations+in+Pacific+lamprey+%28Entosphenus+tridentatus%29+and+sediments+in+the+Columbia+River+basin.&rft.au=Linley%2C+Timothy%3BKrogstad%2C+Eirik%3BMueller%2C+Robert%3BGill%2C+Gary%3BLasorsa%2C+Brenda&rft.aulast=Linley&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft.date=2016-10-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2571&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.issn=1552-8618&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fetc.3423 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-03-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.3423 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phenotypically anchored transcriptome profiling of developmental exposure to the antimicrobial agent, triclosan, reveals hepatotoxicity in embryonic zebrafish. AN - 1819903121; 27538710 AB - Triclosan (TCS) is an antimicrobial agent commonly found in a variety of personal care products and cosmetics. TCS readily enters the environment through wastewater and is detected in human plasma, urine, and breast milk due to its widespread use. Studies have implicated TCS as a disruptor of thyroid and estrogen signaling; therefore, research examining the developmental effects of TCS is warranted. In this study, we used embryonic zebrafish to investigate the developmental toxicity and potential mechanism of action of TCS. Embryos were exposed to graded concentrations of TCS from 6 to 120hours post-fertilization (hpf) and the concentration where 80% of the animals had mortality or morbidity at 120hpf (EC80) was calculated. Transcriptomic profiling was conducted on embryos exposed to the EC80 (7.37μM). We identified a total of 922 significant differentially expressed transcripts (FDR adjusted P-value≤0.05; fold change ≥2). Pathway and gene ontology enrichment analyses identified biological networks and transcriptional hubs involving normal liver functioning, suggesting TCS may be hepatotoxic in zebrafish. Tissue-specific gene enrichment analysis further supported the role of the liver as a target organ for TCS toxicity. We also examined the in vitro bioactivity profile of TCS reported by the ToxCast screening program. TCS had a diverse bioactivity profile and was a hit in 217 of the 385 assay endpoints we identified. We observed similarities in gene expression and hepatic steatosis assays; however, hit data for TCS were more concordant with the hypothesized CAR/PXR activity of TCS from rodent and human in vitro studies. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Haggard, Derik E AU - Noyes, Pamela D AU - Waters, Katrina M AU - Tanguay, Robert L AD - Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States. ; Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States; Office of Science Coordination and Policy (OSCP), Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, United States. ; Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States. ; Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States. Electronic address: Robert.Tanguay@oregonstate.edu. Y1 - 2016/10/01/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Oct 01 SP - 32 EP - 45 VL - 308 KW - Index Medicus KW - Transcriptomics KW - Phenotypic anchoring KW - Triclosan KW - ToxCast KW - Hepatotoxicity KW - Zebrafish UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1819903121?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Phenotypically+anchored+transcriptome+profiling+of+developmental+exposure+to+the+antimicrobial+agent%2C+triclosan%2C+reveals+hepatotoxicity+in+embryonic+zebrafish.&rft.au=Haggard%2C+Derik+E%3BNoyes%2C+Pamela+D%3BWaters%2C+Katrina+M%3BTanguay%2C+Robert+L&rft.aulast=Haggard&rft.aufirst=Derik&rft.date=2016-10-01&rft.volume=308&rft.issue=&rft.spage=32&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=1096-0333&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.taap.2016.08.013 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-09-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-28 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Hazard Mater. 2015 Jan 23;282:68-74 [25282513] Biostatistics. 2009 Apr;10(2):352-63 [19068485] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014 Dec 2;111(48):17200-5 [25404284] J Drugs Dermatol. 2014 Apr;13(4):501-3 [24719072] J Lab Autom. 2012 Feb;17(1):66-74 [22357610] Drug Metab Dispos. 2008 Jun;36(6):1063-72 [18332083] Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 2016;56:251-72 [26738475] J Appl Toxicol. 2008 Jan;28(1):78-91 [17992702] Environ Health Perspect. 2008 Sep;116(9):1203-10 [18795164] Hepatology. 2015 Jan;61(1):382-92 [24930574] Toxicol Sci. 2014 Jan;137(1):212-33 [24136191] Methods Mol Biol. 2011;691:271-9 [20972759] PLoS Genet. 2007 Nov;3(11):e188 [17997606] Aquat Toxicol. 2004 Apr 14;67(2):167-79 [15003701] Hepatology. 2003 Mar;37(3):622-31 [12601360] Aquat Toxicol. 2016 Apr;173:29-35 [26828895] Eur J Clin Invest. 2006 Mar;36(3):202-9 [16506966] Sci Total Environ. 2015 Mar 1;508:575-84 [25483107] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2005 Dec 1;209(2):123-33 [15885729] Dev Dyn. 1995 Jul;203(3):253-310 [8589427] Aquat Toxicol. 2006 Dec 1;80(3):217-27 [17011055] PLoS One. 2014 May 16;9(5):e97249 [24836604] Toxicol Pathol. 2005;33(1):6-8 [15805050] Toxicol Sci. 2010 Sep;117(1):45-53 [20562219] Sci Total Environ. 2015 Jun 1;517:195-206 [25727675] Toxicol In Vitro. 2013 Oct;27(7):2049-60 [23899473] Nucleic Acids Res. 2013 Aug;41(14):6992-7008 [23723244] BMC Bioinformatics. 2012 Nov 23;13:311 [23174015] Nucleic Acids Res. 2009 Jan;37(1):1-13 [19033363] Nucleic Acids Res. 2014 Jan;42(Database issue):D749-55 [24316576] PLoS One. 2012;7(3):e34515 [22479638] J Appl Toxicol. 2014 Sep;34(9):1060-7 [24740835] Dev Dyn. 2010 Mar;239(3):855-64 [20108354] Indian J Biochem Biophys. 2005 Apr;42(2):73-80 [23923565] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2013 Nov 1;272(3):656-70 [23656968] Blood. 2009 Mar 19;113(12):2843-50 [19047682] J Biol Chem. 2006 Apr 14;281(15):10081-8 [16488887] PLoS One. 2014 Mar 13;9(3):e91874 [24626481] Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2010 Oct 30;62(13):1238-49 [20727377] Toxicol Sci. 2015 May;145(1):177-95 [25711236] Environ Toxicol Chem. 2002 Jul;21(7):1338-49 [12109732] Dev Dyn. 2003 Jul;227(3):347-56 [12815620] Environ Toxicol Chem. 2010 Dec;29(12):2840-4 [20954233] J Assoc Physicians India. 2001 Feb;49:274-8 [11225145] Toxicol Sci. 2010 Feb;113(2):367-79 [19910387] Methods Mol Biol. 2009;563:177-96 [19597786] Reprod Toxicol. 2013 Dec;42:210-23 [24051129] Toxicol Lett. 2012 Jan 25;208(2):142-8 [22062131] Future Med Chem. 2011 Apr;3(5):623-38 [21526899] Reprod Toxicol. 2013 Apr;36:71-7 [23261820] Stat Appl Genet Mol Biol. 2004;3:Article3 [16646809] J Transl Med. 2013 Oct 23;11:266 [24152801] Nucleic Acids Res. 2001 May 1;29(9):e45 [11328886] J Biol Chem. 2014 Jan 17;289(3):1505-18 [24293366] Toxicology. 2012 Oct 9;300(1-2):31-45 [22659317] Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Apr 20;43(7):e47 [25605792] Environ Sci. 2004;11(2):133-40 [15746894] Toxicol Sci. 2015 Oct;147(2):397-411 [26141390] Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2015 May 22;12(5):5657-84 [26006133] Toxicol Sci. 2009 Jan;107(1):56-64 [18940961] J Appl Toxicol. 2016 Sep;36(9):1194-206 [26946349] J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2016 Feb 5;119:16-26 [26637951] Toxicol Sci. 2010 Oct;117(2):348-58 [20639261] Reprod Toxicol. 2012 Apr;33(2):174-87 [22182468] Food Chem Toxicol. 2013 Sep;59:534-40 [23831729] Arch Toxicol. 2015 Apr;89(4):635-46 [24879426] Nature. 2013 Apr 25;496(7446):498-503 [23594743] PLoS One. 2015 Oct 14;10(10):e0138805 [26466159] Sci Total Environ. 2006 Dec 15;372(1):87-93 [17007908] Toxicol Sci. 2015 Jul;146(1):135-45 [25908611] Dev Biol. 2003 Jan 15;253(2):279-90 [12645931] Aquat Toxicol. 2013 Jan 15;126:85-94 [23159728] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2013 Oct 1;272(1):172-9 [23726801] Hepatology. 1995 Mar;21(3):680-8 [7533122] Environ Toxicol Chem. 2015 May;34(5):968-76 [25546022] Toxicol Sci. 2007 Jan;95(1):5-12 [16963515] Toxicol Lett. 2015 Jan 22;232(2):403-12 [25448281] Nat Protoc. 2009;4(1):44-57 [19131956] J Neurosci. 2014 Jan 22;34(4):1420-31 [24453331] JAMA. 2014 Jan 15;311(3):234 [24430309] Environ Sci Technol. 2014;48(15):8831-8 [24971846] Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2007 Sep;24(2):194-7 [21783810] Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jul;38(13):4218-30 [20308160] Environ Health Perspect. 2008 Mar;116(3):303-7 [18335095] Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2009 Sep;16(6):679-88 [19283420] Environ Pollut. 2016 Jan;208(Pt B):803-10 [26602792] Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Dec 15;43(22):10804-20 [26586807] Dev Biol. 2006 Jun 15;294(2):482-96 [16631158] Conflict of Interest: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-28 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2016.08.013 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structure and thermodynamics of uranium-containing iron garnets AN - 1815667793; 2016-076822 AB - Use of crystalline garnet as a waste form phase appears to be advantageous for accommodating actinides from nuclear waste. Previous studies show that large amounts of uranium (U) and its analogues such as cerium (Ce) and thorium (Th) can be incorporated into the garnet structure. In this study, we synthesized U loaded garnet phases, Ca (sub 3) U (sub x) Zr (sub 2-) (sub x) Fe (sub 3) O (sub 12) (x = 0.5-0.7), along with the endmember phase, Ca (sub 3) (Zr (sub 2) )SiFe (super 3+) (sub 2) O (sub 12) , for comparison. The oxidation states of U were determined by X-ray photoelectron and absorption spectroscopies, revealing the presence of mixed pentavalent and hexavalent uranium in the phases with x = 0.6 and 0.7. The oxidation states and coordination environments of Fe were measured using transmission (super 57) Fe-Mossbauer spectroscopy, which shows that all iron is tetrahedrally coordinated Fe (super 3+) . U substitution had a significant effect on local environments, the extent of U substitution within this range had a minimal effect on the structure, and unlike in the x = 0 sample, Fe exists in two different environments in the substituted garnets. The enthalpies of formation of garnet phases from constituent oxides and elements were first time determined by high temperature oxide melt solution calorimetry. The results indicate that these substituted garnets are thermodynamically stable under reducing conditions. Our structural and thermodynamic analysis further provides explanation for the formation of natural uranium garnet, elbrusite-(Zr), and supports the potential use of Ca (sub 3) U (sub x) Zr (sub 2-) (sub x) Fe (sub 3) O (sub 12) as viable waste form phases for U and other actinides. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Guo, Xiaofeng AU - Navrotsky, Alexandra AU - Kukkadapu, Ravi K AU - Engelhard, Mark H AU - Lanzirotti, Antonio AU - Newville, Matthew AU - Ilton, Eugene S AU - Sutton, Stephen R AU - Xu, Hongwu Y1 - 2016/09/15/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Sep 15 SP - 269 EP - 281 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 189 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - silicates KW - hazardous waste KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - isotopes KW - garnet group KW - crystal structure KW - reservoir rocks KW - radioactive waste KW - electron probe data KW - cerium KW - XANES spectra KW - radioactive isotopes KW - mineral composition KW - chemical reactions KW - orthosilicates KW - spectra KW - rare earths KW - X-ray photoelectron spectra KW - thermodynamic properties KW - chemical composition KW - Mossbauer spectra KW - calorimetry KW - pollutants KW - oxidation KW - pollution KW - X-ray spectra KW - nesosilicates KW - metals KW - mathematical methods KW - thorium KW - reservoir properties KW - uranium KW - waste disposal KW - crystal chemistry KW - actinides KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1815667793?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Structure+and+thermodynamics+of+uranium-containing+iron+garnets&rft.au=Guo%2C+Xiaofeng%3BNavrotsky%2C+Alexandra%3BKukkadapu%2C+Ravi+K%3BEngelhard%2C+Mark+H%3BLanzirotti%2C+Antonio%3BNewville%2C+Matthew%3BIlton%2C+Eugene+S%3BSutton%2C+Stephen+R%3BXu%2C+Hongwu&rft.aulast=Guo&rft.aufirst=Xiaofeng&rft.date=2016-09-15&rft.volume=189&rft.issue=&rft.spage=269&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2016.05.043 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 79 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-01 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; calorimetry; cerium; chemical composition; chemical reactions; crystal chemistry; crystal structure; electron probe data; garnet group; hazardous waste; isotopes; mathematical methods; metals; mineral composition; Mossbauer spectra; nesosilicates; orthosilicates; oxidation; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; rare earths; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; silicates; spectra; thermodynamic properties; thorium; uranium; waste disposal; X-ray diffraction data; X-ray photoelectron spectra; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2016.05.043 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ab initio thermodynamics of magnesium carbonates and hydrates in water-saturated supercritical CO (sub 2) and CO (sub 2) -rich regions AN - 1812216531; 2016-068933 AB - ab initio Thermodynamics is used to determine how free energies of magnesium carbonates and hydrates in a CO (sub 2) -rich environment change with water concentration across a range temperature and pressure relevant to geochemistry and carbon sequestration (275 K to 375 K and pCO (sub 2) of 1 to 210 bar). The methodology is based on first principles density-functional theory (DFT) calculations of the total energies and vibrational entropy of periclase, magnesite, brucite, nesquehonite, and hydromagnesite coupled to the experimental chemical potentials of CO (sub 2) and H (sub 2) O. The impact of water in supercritical CO (sub 2) (scCO (sub 2) ), even though less than 1% at saturation, is found to have a significant impact on the stability of hydrated carbonate minerals. Hydromagnesite and nesquehonite are found to be more thermodynamically stable than periclase and brucite in water-saturated scCO (sub 2) and hence may be expected to result kinetically from carbonation of these minerals during CO (sub 2) sequestration. Under dehydrating conditions nesquehonite destabilizes rapidly, whereas hydromagnesite is much more likely to persist in a CO (sub 2) -rich environment, consistent with the observations that hydromagnesite is widespread in nature and nesquehonite is relatively rare. JF - Chemical Geology AU - Chaka, Anne M AU - Felmy, Andrew R AU - Qafoku, Odeta Y1 - 2016/09/15/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Sep 15 SP - 1 EP - 11 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 434 SN - 0009-2541, 0009-2541 KW - hydrates KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - global change KW - climate change KW - temperature KW - reservoir rocks KW - carbon dioxide KW - air pollution KW - reactivity KW - mitigation KW - water-rock interaction KW - phase equilibria KW - mineral assemblages KW - thermodynamic properties KW - stoichiometry KW - kinetics KW - pH KW - climate KW - P-T conditions KW - magnesium carbonates KW - global warming KW - degassing KW - carbon sequestration KW - density functional theory KW - carbonatization KW - pollution KW - saturation KW - crystal chemistry KW - carbonates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1812216531?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Geology&rft.atitle=Ab+initio+thermodynamics+of+magnesium+carbonates+and+hydrates+in+water-saturated+supercritical+CO+%28sub+2%29+and+CO+%28sub+2%29+-rich+regions&rft.au=Chaka%2C+Anne+M%3BFelmy%2C+Andrew+R%3BQafoku%2C+Odeta&rft.aulast=Chaka&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft.date=2016-09-15&rft.volume=434&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Geology&rft.issn=00092541&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.chemgeo.2016.04.005 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00092541 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 72 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-18 N1 - CODEN - CHGEAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air pollution; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; carbonates; carbonatization; climate; climate change; crystal chemistry; degassing; density functional theory; global change; global warming; hydrates; kinetics; magnesium carbonates; mineral assemblages; mitigation; P-T conditions; pH; phase equilibria; pollution; reactivity; reservoir rocks; saturation; stoichiometry; temperature; thermodynamic properties; water-rock interaction; X-ray diffraction data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2016.04.005 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Expanding on Successful Concepts, Models, and Organization. AN - 1817560868; 27509267 JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Teeguarden, Justin G AU - Tan, Yu-Mei AU - Edwards, Stephen W AU - Leonard, Jeremy A AU - Anderson, Kim A AU - Corley, Richard A AU - Kile, Molly L AU - L Massey Simonich, Staci AU - Stone, David AU - Tanguay, Robert L AU - Waters, Katrina M AU - Harper, Stacey L AU - Williams, David E AD - Health Effects and Exposure Science, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland, Washington 99352, United States. ; National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency , Durham, North Carolina 27709, United States. ; National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency , Durham, North Carolina 27709, United States. ; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education , Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States. ; Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University , Corvallis, Oregon 93771, United States. ; School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University , Corvallis, Oregon 93771, United States. Y1 - 2016/09/06/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Sep 06 SP - 8921 EP - 8922 VL - 50 IS - 17 KW - Index Medicus UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1817560868?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Expanding+on+Successful+Concepts%2C+Models%2C+and+Organization.&rft.au=Teeguarden%2C+Justin+G%3BTan%2C+Yu-Mei%3BEdwards%2C+Stephen+W%3BLeonard%2C+Jeremy+A%3BAnderson%2C+Kim+A%3BCorley%2C+Richard+A%3BKile%2C+Molly+L%3BL+Massey+Simonich%2C+Staci%3BStone%2C+David%3BTanguay%2C+Robert+L%3BWaters%2C+Katrina+M%3BHarper%2C+Stacey+L%3BWilliams%2C+David+E&rft.aulast=Teeguarden&rft.aufirst=Justin&rft.date=2016-09-06&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=17&rft.spage=8921&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=1520-5851&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Facs.est.6b03027 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-09-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b03027 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simulation of subsurface multiphase contaminant extraction using a bioslurping well model AN - 1832669833; 783630-2 AB - Subsurface simulation of multiphase extraction from wells is notoriously difficult. Explicit representation of well geometry requires small grid resolution, potentially leading to large computational demands. To reduce the problem dimensionality, multiphase extraction is mostly modeled using vertically averaged approaches. In this paper, a multiphase well model approach is presented as an alternative to simplify the application. The well model, a multiphase extension of the classic Peaceman model, has been implemented in the STOMP simulator. The numerical solution approach accounts for local conditions and gradients in the exchange of fluids between the well and the aquifer. Advantages of this well model implementation include the option to simulate the effects of well characteristics and operation. Simulations were conducted investigating the effects of extraction location, applied vacuum pressure, and a number of hydraulic properties. The obtained results were all consistent and logical. A major outcome of the test simulations is that, in contrast to common recommendations to extract from either the gas-NAPL or the NAPL-aqueous phase interface, the optimum extraction location should be in between these two levels. The new model implementation was also used to simulate extraction at a field site in Brazil. The simulation shows a good match with the field data, suggesting that the new STOMP well module may correctly represent oil removal. The field simulations depend on the quality of the site conceptual model, including the porous media and contaminant properties and the boundary and extraction conditions adopted. The new module may potentially be used to design field applications and analyze extraction data. Copyright 2016 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht JF - Transport in Porous Media AU - Matos de Souza, Michelle AU - Oostrom, Mart AU - White, Mark D AU - Cardoso da Silva, Gerson, Jr AU - Barbosa, Maria Claudia Y1 - 2016/09// PY - 2016 DA - September 2016 SP - 649 EP - 673 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 114 IS - 3 SN - 0169-3913, 0169-3913 KW - soils KW - clay KW - experimental studies KW - numerical models KW - contaminant plumes KW - clastic sediments KW - soil vapor extraction KW - pollution KW - fluid flow KW - porous materials KW - equations KW - simulation KW - geometry KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - models KW - loam KW - mathematical methods KW - sediments KW - multiphase flow KW - interfaces KW - van Genuchten KW - Peaceman model KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832669833?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.atitle=Simulation+of+subsurface+multiphase+contaminant+extraction+using+a+bioslurping+well+model&rft.au=Matos+de+Souza%2C+Michelle%3BOostrom%2C+Mart%3BWhite%2C+Mark+D%3BCardoso+da+Silva%2C+Gerson%2C+Jr%3BBarbosa%2C+Maria+Claudia&rft.aulast=Matos+de+Souza&rft.aufirst=Michelle&rft.date=2016-09-01&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=&rft.spage=228&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.issn=03091708&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.advwatres.2013.01.009 L2 - http://springerlink.metapress.com/(l4tqdq55jga2hgb0achos1qm)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100342,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Number of references - 49 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - clastic sediments; clay; contaminant plumes; equations; experimental studies; fluid flow; geometry; interfaces; loam; mathematical methods; models; multiphase flow; nonaqueous phase liquids; numerical models; Peaceman model; pollution; porous materials; sediments; simulation; soil vapor extraction; soils; van Genuchten DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11242-016-0738-3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Anomalous water expulsion from carbon-based rods at high humidity AN - 1827921603; PQ0003682140 AB - Three water adsorption-desorption mechanisms are common in inorganic materials: chemisorption, which can lead to the modification of the first coordination sphere; simple adsorption, which is reversible; and condensation, which is irreversible. Regardless of the sorption mechanism, all known materials exhibit an isotherm in which the quantity of water adsorbed increases with an increase in relative humidity. Here, we show that carbon-based rods can adsorb water at low humidity and spontaneously expel about half of the adsorbed water when the relative humidity exceeds a 50-80% threshold. The water expulsion is reversible, and is attributed to the interfacial forces between the confined rod surfaces. At wide rod spacings, a monolayer of water can form on the surface of the carbon-based rods, which subsequently leads to condensation in the confined space between adjacent rods. As the relative humidity increases, adjacent rods (confining surfaces) in the bundles are drawn closer together via capillary forces. At high relative humidity, and once the size of the confining surfaces has decreased to a critical length, a surface-induced evaporation phenomenon known as solvent cavitation occurs and water that had condensed inside the confined area is released as a vapour. JF - Nature Nanotechnology AU - Nune, Satish K AU - Lao, David B AU - Heldebrant, David J AU - Liu, Jian AU - Olszta, Matthew J AU - Kukkadapu, Ravi K AU - Gordon, Lyle M AU - Nandasiri, Manjula I AU - Whyatt, Greg AU - Clayton, Chris AU - Gotthold, David W AU - Engelhard, Mark H AU - Schaef, Herbert T AD - Energy &Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA Y1 - 2016/09// PY - 2016 DA - September 2016 SP - 791 EP - 797 PB - Nature Publishing Group, The Macmillan Building London N1 9XW United Kingdom VL - 11 IS - 9 SN - 1748-3387, 1748-3387 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Relative humidity KW - Sorption KW - Cavitation KW - Evaporation KW - Solvents KW - Adsorption KW - Humidity KW - Condensation KW - Isotherms KW - Rods KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1827921603?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Nanotechnology&rft.atitle=Anomalous+water+expulsion+from+carbon-based+rods+at+high+humidity&rft.au=Nune%2C+Satish+K%3BLao%2C+David+B%3BHeldebrant%2C+David+J%3BLiu%2C+Jian%3BOlszta%2C+Matthew+J%3BKukkadapu%2C+Ravi+K%3BGordon%2C+Lyle+M%3BNandasiri%2C+Manjula+I%3BWhyatt%2C+Greg%3BClayton%2C+Chris%3BGotthold%2C+David+W%3BEngelhard%2C+Mark+H%3BSchaef%2C+Herbert+T&rft.aulast=Nune&rft.aufirst=Satish&rft.date=2016-09-01&rft.volume=339&rft.issue=6127&rft.spage=1572&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science&rft.issn=00368075&rft_id=info:doi/10.1126%2Fscience.1227279 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Relative humidity; Sorption; Cavitation; Evaporation; Adsorption; Solvents; Humidity; Condensation; Isotherms; Rods DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2016.91 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The steps of activating a prospective CO2 hydrogenation catalyst with combined CO2 capture and reduction AN - 1827887684; PQ0003684411 AB - Combining CO2 capture and reduction is an efficient strategy to alleviate the high energy requirements for processing CO2 prior to reduction. Catalytic hydrogenation of CO2 captured as alkylcarbonate has previously been reported, but it's ambiguous whether the alkylcarbonate is reduced, as it is in dynamic equilibrium with neutral CO2 in solution. New studies are presented to elucidate the reduction mechanisms of CO2, and CO2 that is captured in solution using a homogeneous ruthenium hydride complex. JF - Green Chemistry AU - Lao, D B AU - Galan, B R AU - Linehan, J C AU - Heldebrant, D J AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Richland; Washington; USA Y1 - 2016/09// PY - 2016 DA - September 2016 SP - 4871 EP - 4874 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry, c/o Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Secaucus New Jersey 07096 2485 United States VL - 18 IS - 18 SN - 1463-9262, 1463-9262 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Energy KW - Green development KW - Ruthenium KW - Catalysts KW - Carbon dioxide KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1827887684?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Green+Chemistry&rft.atitle=The+steps+of+activating+a+prospective+CO2+hydrogenation+catalyst+with+combined+CO2+capture+and+reduction&rft.au=Lao%2C+D+B%3BGalan%2C+B+R%3BLinehan%2C+J+C%3BHeldebrant%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Lao&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2016-09-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=18&rft.spage=4871&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Green+Chemistry&rft.issn=14639262&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc6gc01800a LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-26 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Energy; Green development; Ruthenium; Catalysts; Carbon dioxide DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6gc01800a ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Future aerosol emissions: a multi-model comparison AN - 1819147470; PQ0003618182 AB - This paper compares projections over the twenty-first century of SO sub(2), BC, and OC emissions from three technologically detailed, long-term integrated assessment models. The character of the projections and the response of emissions due to a comprehensive climate policy are discussed focusing on the sectoral level. In a continuation of historical experience, aerosol and precursor emissions are increasingly decoupled from carbon dioxide emissions over the twenty-first century due to a combination of emission controls and technology shifts over time. Implementation of a comprehensive climate policy further reduces emissions, although there is significant variation in this response by sector and by model: the response has many similarities between models for the energy transformation and transportation sectors, with more diversity in the response for the building and industrial sectors. Much of these differences can be traced to specific characteristics of reference case end-use and supply-side technology deployment and emissions control assumptions, which are detailed by sector. JF - Climatic Change AU - Smith, Steven J AU - Rao, Shilpa AU - Riahi, Keywan AU - Vuuren, Detlef P AU - Calvin, Katherine V AU - Kyle, Page AD - Joint Global Change Research Institute, PNNL, College Park, MD, USA, ssmith@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2016/09// PY - 2016 DA - September 2016 SP - 13 EP - 24 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 138 IS - 1-2 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - Environment Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Historical account KW - Energy transformation KW - Transportation KW - Sulfur dioxide KW - Emissions KW - Carbon dioxide emissions KW - Modelling KW - Policies KW - Aerosols KW - Climate models KW - Biogeochemical cycle KW - Climates KW - Public policy and climate KW - Climate KW - Carbon cycle KW - Emission control KW - Environmental policy KW - Buildings KW - Energy KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - Technology KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - SW 0810:General KW - O 4080:Pollution - Control and Prevention KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1819147470?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=Future+aerosol+emissions%3A+a+multi-model+comparison&rft.au=Smith%2C+Steven+J%3BRao%2C+Shilpa%3BRiahi%2C+Keywan%3BVuuren%2C+Detlef+P%3BCalvin%2C+Katherine+V%3BKyle%2C+Page&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2016-09-01&rft.volume=138&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10584-016-1733-y LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aerosols; Policies; Biogeochemical cycle; Climate; Carbon cycle; Carbon dioxide; Modelling; Energy transformation; Climate models; Public policy and climate; Carbon dioxide emissions; Historical account; Sulfur dioxide; Transportation; Energy; Emissions; Emission control; Buildings; Environmental policy; Technology; Climates; Carbon Dioxide DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-016-1733-y ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Future hurricane storm surge risk for the U.S. gulf and Florida coasts based on projections of thermodynamic potential intensity AN - 1819140735; PQ0003618177 AB - Coastal populations in the global tropics and sub-tropics are vulnerable to the devastating impacts of hurricane storm surge and this risk is only expected to rise under climate change. In this study, we address this issue for the U.S. Gulf and Florida coasts. Using the framework of Potential Intensity, observations and output from coupled climate models, we show that the future large-scale thermodynamic environment may become more favorable for hurricane intensification. Under the RCP 4.5 emissions scenario and for the peak hurricane season months of August-October, we show that the mean intensities of Atlantic hurricanes may increase by 1.8-4.2 % and their lifetime maximum intensities may increase by 2.7-5.3 % when comparing the last two decades of the 20th and 21st centuries. We then combine our estimates of hurricane intensity changes with projections of sea-level rise to understand their relative impacts on future storm surge using simulations with the National Weather Service's SLOSH (Sea, Lake, and Overland Surges from Hurricanes) model for five historical hurricanes that made landfall in the Gulf of Mexico and Florida. Considering uncertainty in hurricane intensity changes and sea-level rise, our results indicate a median increase in storm surge ranging between 25 and 47 %, with changes in hurricane intensity increasing future storm surge by about 10 % relative to the increase that may result from sea level rise alone, with highly non-linear response of population at risk. JF - Climatic Change AU - Balaguru, Karthik AU - Judi, David R AU - Leung, LRuby AD - Marine Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA, david.judi@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2016/09// PY - 2016 DA - September 2016 SP - 99 EP - 110 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 138 IS - 1-2 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - Environment Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Historical account KW - Sea level KW - Hurricane intensities KW - Climate change KW - Sea level rise KW - Gulfs KW - Hurricane landfall KW - Storms KW - Lakes KW - Storm Surges KW - Emissions KW - Seasonal variability KW - Vulnerability KW - National Weather Service KW - Coasts KW - Marine KW - ASW, USA, Florida KW - Weather KW - Climate models KW - Thermodynamics KW - Climates KW - Climate KW - Environmental impact KW - Simulation KW - ASW, Mexico Gulf KW - Hurricanes KW - Numerical simulations KW - Storm surges KW - Tropical environments KW - Hurricane models KW - Future hurricanes KW - Sea level changes KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - O 6060:Coastal Zone Resources and Management KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - SW 0810:General KW - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1819140735?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=Future+hurricane+storm+surge+risk+for+the+U.S.+gulf+and+Florida+coasts+based+on+projections+of+thermodynamic+potential+intensity&rft.au=Balaguru%2C+Karthik%3BJudi%2C+David+R%3BLeung%2C+LRuby&rft.aulast=Balaguru&rft.aufirst=Karthik&rft.date=2016-09-01&rft.volume=138&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=99&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10584-016-1728-8 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 41 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Weather; Hurricanes; Sea level; Thermodynamics; Storm surges; Climate; Environmental impact; Storms; Sea level changes; Climate models; Numerical simulations; Hurricane intensities; Climate change; Sea level rise; Future hurricanes; Hurricane models; Seasonal variability; National Weather Service; Hurricane landfall; Historical account; Lakes; Tropical environments; Emissions; Simulation; Vulnerability; Storm Surges; Climates; Gulfs; Coasts; ASW, Mexico Gulf; ASW, USA, Florida; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-016-1728-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Intercomparison of 3D pore-scale flow and solute transport simulation methods AN - 1819135183; PQ0003630886 AB - Multiple numerical approaches have been developed to simulate porous media fluid flow and solute transport at the pore scale. These include 1) methods that explicitly model the three-dimensional geometry of pore spaces and 2) methods that conceptualize the pore space as a topologically consistent set of stylized pore bodies and pore throats. In previous work we validated a model of the first type, using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) codes employing a standard finite volume method (FVM), against magnetic resonance velocimetry (MRV) measurements of pore-scale velocities. Here we expand that validation to include additional models of the first type based on the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) and smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH), as well as a model of the second type, a pore-network model (PNM). The PNM approach used in the current study was recently improved and demonstrated to accurately simulate solute transport in a two-dimensional experiment. While the PNM approach is computationally much less demanding than direct numerical simulation methods, the effect of conceptualizing complex three-dimensional pore geometries on solute transport in the manner of PNMs has not been fully determined. We apply all four approaches (FVM-based CFD, LBM, SPH and PNM) to simulate pore-scale velocity distributions and (for capable codes) nonreactive solute transport, and intercompare the model results. Comparisons are drawn both in terms of macroscopic variables (e.g., permeability, solute breakthrough curves) and microscopic variables (e.g., local velocities and concentrations). Generally good agreement was achieved among the various approaches, but some differences were observed depending on the model context. The intercomparison work was challenging because of variable capabilities of the codes, and inspired some code enhancements to allow consistent comparison of flow and transport simulations across the full suite of methods. This study provides support for confidence in a variety of pore-scale modeling methods and motivates further development and application of pore-scale simulation methods. JF - Advances in Water Resources AU - Yang, Xiaofan AU - Mehmani, Yashar AU - Perkins, William A AU - Pasquali, Andrea AU - Schonherr, Martin AU - Kim, Kyungjoo AU - Perego, Mauro AU - Parks, Michael L AU - Trask, Nathaniel AU - Balhoff, Matthew T AU - Richmond, Marshall C AU - Geier, Martin AU - Krafczyk, Manfred AU - Luo, Li-Shi AU - Tartakovsky, Alexandre M AU - Scheibe, Timothy D AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, MS K9-36, Richland, WA 99352, United States Y1 - 2016/09// PY - 2016 DA - September 2016 SP - 176 EP - 189 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 95 SN - 0309-1708, 0309-1708 KW - Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Aqualine Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Pore-scale modeling KW - Porous media flow KW - Computational fluid dynamics KW - Lattice Boltzmann method KW - Smoothed particle hydrodynamics KW - Pore-network model KW - Flow KW - Hydrodynamics KW - Water resources KW - Particulates KW - Solutes KW - Permeability KW - Modelling KW - Simulation Analysis KW - Simulation KW - Velocity KW - Velocity Distribution KW - Flow in porous media KW - Methodology KW - Pores KW - Numerical simulations KW - Solute Transport KW - Resonance KW - Magnetic resonance KW - Fluid dynamics KW - Fluid flow KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q2 09144:Regional studies, expeditions and data reports KW - SW 0810:General KW - M2 551.5:General (551.5) KW - ENA 16:Renewable Resources-Water UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1819135183?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.atitle=Intercomparison+of+3D+pore-scale+flow+and+solute+transport+simulation+methods&rft.au=Yang%2C+Xiaofan%3BMehmani%2C+Yashar%3BPerkins%2C+William+A%3BPasquali%2C+Andrea%3BSchonherr%2C+Martin%3BKim%2C+Kyungjoo%3BPerego%2C+Mauro%3BParks%2C+Michael+L%3BTrask%2C+Nathaniel%3BBalhoff%2C+Matthew+T%3BRichmond%2C+Marshall+C%3BGeier%2C+Martin%3BKrafczyk%2C+Manfred%3BLuo%2C+Li-Shi%3BTartakovsky%2C+Alexandre+M%3BScheibe%2C+Timothy+D&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=Xiaofan&rft.date=2016-09-01&rft.volume=95&rft.issue=&rft.spage=176&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.issn=03091708&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.advwatres.2015.09.015 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Permeability; Solutes; Resonance; Fluid dynamics; Water resources; Fluid flow; Modelling; Methodology; Hydrodynamics; Numerical simulations; Magnetic resonance; Flow in porous media; Velocity; Simulation; Particulates; Flow; Pores; Simulation Analysis; Solute Transport; Velocity Distribution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2015.09.015 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genetic Parameters of Factors Affecting the Biomass Recalcitrance of Douglas Fir Trees AN - 1815710656; PQ0003590095 AB - Although forestry residuals provide a potentially abundant source of biomass, Douglas fir is a particularly challenging feedstock to utilize in the biochemical conversion to fuels and value-added chemicals due to its high levels of biomass recalcitrance. A greater understanding of the underlying factors behind highly recalcitrant biomass is critical in overcoming this problem. Building on earlier efforts to establish a protocol and a "recalcitrance factor" for screening the recalcitrance of trees, this study attempts to provide the first look into the genetic factors behind recalcitrance in Douglas fir with the possibility of using selective breeding and tree improvement practices to reduce recalcitrance in future generations of our forest products. Samples from over 250 Douglas fir trees in a second-cycle progeny test were collected and subjected to screening. Samples were subjected to a dilute-acid pretreatment and a subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis procedure, ultimately measuring the raw wood density, pretreatment yield, the holocellulose content of pretreated samples, hydrolyzability, and recalcitrance factor. From these data, the heritability, genetic gains, and genetic correlations were estimated. Based on these results, we predict that modifying recalcitrance in tree improvement may be feasible, but would likely require some additional understanding and improved screening techniques. JF - BioEnergy Research AU - Geleynse, Scott AU - Jayawickrama, Keith AU - Trappe, Matt AU - Ye, Terrance AU - Zhang, Xiao AD - Bioproducts Sciences and Engineering Laboratory, Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Richland, WA, USA, x.zhang@wsu.edu Y1 - 2016/09// PY - 2016 DA - September 2016 SP - 731 EP - 739 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 9 IS - 3 SN - 1939-1234, 1939-1234 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Forest products KW - Chemicals KW - Genetic factors KW - Biochemistry KW - Trees KW - Wood KW - Biomass KW - Hydrolysis KW - Buildings KW - Selective breeding KW - Biofuels KW - Forestry KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1815710656?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BioEnergy+Research&rft.atitle=Genetic+Parameters+of+Factors+Affecting+the+Biomass+Recalcitrance+of+Douglas+Fir+Trees&rft.au=Geleynse%2C+Scott%3BJayawickrama%2C+Keith%3BTrappe%2C+Matt%3BYe%2C+Terrance%3BZhang%2C+Xiao&rft.aulast=Geleynse&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft.date=2016-09-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=731&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BioEnergy+Research&rft.issn=19391234&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-08-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chemicals; Forest products; Genetic factors; Biochemistry; Trees; Wood; Selective breeding; Biomass; Buildings; Hydrolysis; Biofuels; Forestry DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12155-016-9718-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Engineering microbial consortia for controllable outputs AN - 1815705258; PQ0003588425 AB - Much research has been invested into engineering microorganisms to perform desired biotransformations; nonetheless, these efforts frequently fall short of expected results due to the unforeseen effects of biofeedback regulation and functional incompatibility. In nature, metabolic function is compartmentalized into diverse organisms assembled into robust consortia, in which the division of labor is thought to lead to increased community efficiency and productivity. Here we consider whether and how consortia can be designed to perform bioprocesses of interest beyond the metabolic flexibility limitations of a single organism. Advances in post-genomic analysis of microbial consortia and application of high-resolution global measurements now offer the promise of systems-level understanding of how microbial consortia adapt to changes in environmental variables and inputs of carbon and energy. We argue that, when combined with appropriate modeling frameworks, systems-level knowledge can markedly improve our ability to predict the fate and functioning of consortia. Here we articulate our collective perspective on the current and future state of microbial community engineering and control while placing specific emphasis on ecological principles that promote control over community function and emergent properties. JF - ISME Journal AU - Lindemann, Stephen R AU - Bernstein, Hans C AU - Song, Hyun-Seob AU - Fredrickson, Jim K AU - Fields, Matthew W AU - Shou, Wenying AU - Johnson, David R AU - Beliaev, Alexander S AD - Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA Y1 - 2016/09// PY - 2016 DA - September 2016 SP - 2077 EP - 2084 PB - Nature Publishing Group, The Macmillan Building London N1 9XW United Kingdom VL - 10 IS - 9 SN - 1751-7362, 1751-7362 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Environment Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Division of labor KW - Carbon KW - Energy KW - Microorganisms KW - biotransformation KW - Microbial activity KW - Feedback KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - A 01450:Environmental Pollution & Waste Treatment KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - J 02450:Ecology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1815705258?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=52nd+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology+%28SOT+2013%29&rft.atitle=US-EU+Nanotechnology+Databases+and+Ontology+Community+of+Research&rft.au=Baker%2C+N%3BRauscher%2C+H&rft.aulast=Baker&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2013-03-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=52nd+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology+%28SOT+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Division of labor; Carbon; Energy; biotransformation; Microorganisms; Feedback; Microbial activity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2016.26 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Predicting lung dosimetry of inhaled particleborne benzo[a]pyrene using physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling. AN - 1815368840; 27569524 AB - Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is a by-product of incomplete combustion of fossil fuels and plant/wood products, including tobacco. A physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for BaP for the rat was extended to simulate inhalation exposures to BaP in rats and humans including particle deposition and dissolution of absorbed BaP and renal elimination of 3-hydroxy benzo[a]pyrene (3-OH BaP) in humans. The clearance of particle-associated BaP from lung based on existing data in rats and dogs suggest that the process is bi-phasic. An initial rapid clearance was represented by BaP released from particles followed by a slower first-order clearance that follows particle kinetics. Parameter values for BaP-particle dissociation were estimated using inhalation data from isolated/ventilated/perfused rat lungs and optimized in the extended inhalation model using available rat data. Simulations of acute inhalation exposures in rats identified specific data needs including systemic elimination of BaP metabolites, diffusion-limited transfer rates of BaP from lung tissue to blood and the quantitative role of macrophage-mediated and ciliated clearance mechanisms. The updated BaP model provides very good prediction of the urinary 3-OH BaP concentrations and the relative difference between measured 3-OH BaP in nonsmokers versus smokers. This PBPK model for inhaled BaP is a preliminary tool for quantifying lung BaP dosimetry in rat and humans and was used to prioritize data needs that would provide significant model refinement and robust internal dosimetry capabilities. JF - Inhalation toxicology AU - Campbell, Jerry AU - Franzen, Allison AU - Van Landingham, Cynthia AU - Lumpkin, Michael AU - Crowell, Susan AU - Meredith, Clive AU - Loccisano, Anne AU - Gentry, Robinan AU - Clewell, Harvey AD - a Ramboll Environ , Research Triangle Park, NC , USA . ; b Ramboll Environ , Monroe, LA , USA . ; c ENVIRON International Corporation , Monroe, LA , USA . ; d Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland, WA , USA . ; e British American Tobacco, GR&D, Southampton , United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland , and. ; f R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company , Alexandria, VA , USA. Y1 - 2016/09// PY - 2016 DA - September 2016 SP - 520 EP - 535 VL - 28 IS - 11 KW - Index Medicus KW - particle inhalation KW - Benzo[a]pyrene KW - lung deposition KW - human dosimetry KW - physiologically based pharmacokinetic model UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1815368840?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Inhalation+toxicology&rft.atitle=Predicting+lung+dosimetry+of+inhaled+particleborne+benzo%5Ba%5Dpyrene+using+physiologically+based+pharmacokinetic+modeling.&rft.au=Campbell%2C+Jerry%3BFranzen%2C+Allison%3BVan+Landingham%2C+Cynthia%3BLumpkin%2C+Michael%3BCrowell%2C+Susan%3BMeredith%2C+Clive%3BLoccisano%2C+Anne%3BGentry%2C+Robinan%3BClewell%2C+Harvey&rft.aulast=Wallin&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2013-03-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1693&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fwrcr.20119 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-08-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08958378.2016.1214768 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Wastewater treatment plant effluent alters pituitary gland gonadotropin mRNA levels in juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch). AN - 1814137599; 27475653 AB - It is well known that endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) present in wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents interfere with reproduction in fish, including altered gonad development and induction of vitellogenin (Vtg), a female-specific egg yolk protein precursor produced in the liver. As a result, studies have focused on the effects of EDC exposure on the gonad and liver. However, impacts of environmental EDC exposure at higher levels of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonad axis are less well understood. The pituitary gonadotropins, follicle-stimulating hormone (Fsh) and luteinizing hormone (Lh) are involved in all aspects of gonad development and are subject to feedback from gonadal steroids making them a likely target of endocrine disruption. In this study, the effects of WWTP effluent exposure on pituitary gonadotropin mRNA expression were investigated to assess the utility of Lh beta-subunit (lhb) as a biomarker of estrogen exposure in juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch). First, a controlled 72-h exposure to 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE2) and 17β-trenbolone (TREN) was performed to evaluate the response of juvenile coho salmon to EDC exposure. Second, juvenile coho salmon were exposed to 0, 20 or 100% effluent from eight WWTPs from the Puget Sound, WA region for 72h. Juvenile coho salmon exposed to 2 and 10ng EE2L(-1) had 17-fold and 215-fold higher lhb mRNA levels relative to control fish. Hepatic vtg mRNA levels were dramatically increased 6670-fold, but only in response to 10ng EE2L(-1) and Fsh beta-subunit (fshb) mRNA levels were not altered by any of the treatments. In the WWTP effluent exposures, lhb mRNA levels were significantly elevated in fish exposed to five of the WWTP effluents. In contrast, transcript levels of vtg were not affected by any of the WWTP effluent exposures. Mean levels of natural and synthetic estrogens in fish bile were consistent with pituitary lhb expression, suggesting that the observed lhb induction may be due to estrogenic activity of the WWTP effluents. These results suggest that lhb gene expression may be a sensitive index of acute exposure to estrogenic chemicals in juvenile coho salmon. Further work is needed to determine the kinetics and specificity of lhb induction to evaluate its utility as a potential indicator of estrogen exposure in immature fish. JF - Aquatic toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands) AU - Harding, Louisa B AU - Schultz, Irvin R AU - da Silva, Denis A M AU - Ylitalo, Gina M AU - Ragsdale, Dave AU - Harris, Stephanie I AU - Bailey, Stephanie AU - Pepich, Barry V AU - Swanson, Penny AD - School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. ; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory -Marine Sciences Laboratory, 1529 West Sequim Bay Road, Sequim, WA 98382, USA. ; Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112, USA. ; Manchester Environmental Laboratory, United States Environmental Protection Agency Region 10, 7411 Beach Drive E, Port Orchard, WA 98366, USA. ; Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112, USA; Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 98164, USA. Electronic address: penny.swanson@noaa.gov. Y1 - 2016/09// PY - 2016 DA - September 2016 SP - 118 EP - 131 VL - 178 KW - Endocrine Disruptors KW - 0 KW - Gonadotropins, Pituitary KW - RNA, Messenger KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Ethinyl Estradiol KW - 423D2T571U KW - Luteinizing Hormone KW - 9002-67-9 KW - Follicle Stimulating Hormone KW - 9002-68-0 KW - Trenbolone Acetate KW - RUD5Y4SV0S KW - Index Medicus KW - Follicle-stimulating hormone KW - Pituitary KW - Wastewater effluent KW - Vitellogenin KW - Luteinizing hormone KW - Gonadotropin KW - Endocrine disrupting compound KW - Trenbolone Acetate -- toxicity KW - Gene Expression -- drug effects KW - Follicle Stimulating Hormone -- metabolism KW - Animals KW - Follicle Stimulating Hormone -- genetics KW - RNA, Messenger -- metabolism KW - Waste Disposal, Fluid KW - Luteinizing Hormone -- genetics KW - Luteinizing Hormone -- metabolism KW - Ethinyl Estradiol -- toxicity KW - Female KW - Endocrine Disruptors -- toxicity KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- toxicity KW - Oncorhynchus kisutch -- metabolism KW - Oncorhynchus kisutch -- growth & development KW - Pituitary Gland -- metabolism KW - Gonadotropins, Pituitary -- genetics KW - Gonadotropins, Pituitary -- metabolism KW - Pituitary Gland -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1814137599?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proteomics&rft.atitle=STEPS+%3A+A+grid+search+methodology+for+optimized+peptide+identification+filtering+of+MS+%2F+MS+database+search+results&rft.au=Piehowski%2C+Paul+D%3BPetyuk%2C+Vladislav+A%3BSandoval%2C+John+D%3BBurnum%2C+Kristin+E%3BKiebel%2C+Gary+R%3BMonroe%2C+Matthew+E%3BAnderson%2C+Gordon+A%3BCamp%2C+David+G%3BSmith%2C+Richard+D&rft.aulast=Piehowski&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=2013-03-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=766&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proteomics&rft.issn=16159853&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fpmic.201200096 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2017-01-17 N1 - Date created - 2016-08-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.07.013 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Likelihood of a marine vessel accident from wind energy development in the Atlantic AN - 1811902508; PQ0003561263 AB - Offshore wind energy development is planned for areas off the Atlantic coast. Many of the planned wind development areas fall within traditional commercial vessel routes. In order to mitigate possible hazards to ships and to wind turbines, it is important to understand the potential for increased risk to commercial shipping from the presence of wind farms. Risk is identified as the likelihood that an occurrence will happen, and the consequences of that occurrence, should it occur. This paper deals with the likelihood of commercial vessel accidents, because of the development of offshore wind energy along the US Atlantic coast. Using Automatic Identification System (AIS) data, historical shipping routes between ports in the Atlantic were identified, from Maine to the Florida Straits. The AIS data were also used as inputs to a numerical model that can simulate cargo, tanker and tug/towing vessel movement along typical routes. The model was used to recreate present day vessel movement, as well as to simulate future routing that may be required to avoid wind farms. By comparing the present and future routing of vessels, an analysis of potential maritime accidents was used to determine the increased marginal risk of vessel collisions, groundings and allisions with stationary objects, because of the presence of wind farms. The outcome of the analysis showed little increase in vessel collisions or allisions, and a decrease in groundings as more vessels were forced seaward by the wind farms. JF - Wind Energy AU - Copping, Andrea AU - Breithaupt, Stephen AU - Whiting, Jonathan AU - Grear, Molly AU - Tagestad, Jerry AU - Shelton, Gregory AD - Coastal Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Seattle, Washington, USA. Y1 - 2016/09// PY - 2016 DA - September 2016 SP - 1557 EP - 1566 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 19 IS - 9 SN - 1095-4244, 1095-4244 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Historical account KW - Turbines KW - Mathematical models KW - Wind energy KW - ASW, Atlantic, Florida Straits KW - Straits KW - ANW, USA, Maine KW - USA, Atlantic Coast KW - A, Atlantic KW - Wind KW - Tanker ships KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1811902508?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Organic+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Characterization+and+biodegradation+of+water-soluble+biomarkers+and+organic+carbon+extracted+from+low+temperature+chars&rft.au=Norwood%2C+Matt+J%3BLouchouarn%2C+Patrick%3BKuo%2C+Li-Jung%3BHarvey%2C+Omar+R&rft.aulast=Norwood&rft.aufirst=Matt&rft.date=2013-03-01&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=&rft.spage=111&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Organic+Geochemistry&rft.issn=01466380&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.orggeochem.2012.12.008 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Turbines; Historical account; Mathematical models; Wind energy; Straits; Wind; Tanker ships; ASW, Atlantic, Florida Straits; ANW, USA, Maine; USA, Atlantic Coast; A, Atlantic DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/we.1935 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Urine and serum biomonitoring of exposure to environmental estrogens II: Soy isoflavones and zearalenone in pregnant women. AN - 1809599839; 27255803 AB - UNLABELLEDUrine and serum biomonitoring was used to measure internal exposure to selected dietary estrogens in a cohort of 30 pregnant women. Exposure was measured over a period comprising one-half day in the field (6 h) and one day in a clinic (24 h). Biomonitoring of the dietary phytoestrogens genistein (GEN), daidzein (DDZ) and equol (EQ), as well as the mycoestrogen, zearalenone (ZEN) and its congeners, was conducted using UPLC-MS/MS. Biomonitoring revealed evidence of internal exposure to naturally occurring dietary estrogens during pregnancy. Urinary concentrations of total GEN, DDZ and EQ were similar to levels reported for general adult U.S.POPULATIONMeasurable concentrations of total (parent and metabolites) GEN, DDZ and EQ were present in 240, 207 and 2 of 270 serum samples, respectively. Six out of 30 subjects had measurable concentrations of unconjugated GEN and/or DDZ in serum between 0.6 and 7.1 nM. Urine to serum total isoflavone ratios for GEN, DDZ and EQ were 13, 47, and 180, respectively. ZEN and its reductive metabolite, α-zearalenol (α-ZEL), were present in pregnant women (11 out of 30 subjects) as conjugates at levels near the limit of quantification. The average total urinary concentration was 0.10 μg/L for ZEN and 0.11 μg/L for α-ZEL. JF - Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association AU - Fleck, Stefanie C AU - Churchwell, Mona I AU - Doerge, Daniel R AU - Teeguarden, Justin G AD - Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA. Electronic address: stefanie.fleck@fda.hhs.gov. ; Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA. Electronic address: mona.churchwell@fda.hhs.gov. ; Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA. Electronic address: daniel.doerge@fda.hhs.gov. ; Health Effects and Exposure Science, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 93771, USA. Electronic address: jt@pnnl.gov. Y1 - 2016/09// PY - 2016 DA - September 2016 SP - 19 EP - 27 VL - 95 KW - Index Medicus KW - Zearalenone KW - Soy isoflavones KW - Exposure KW - Endocrine disruptors KW - Biomonitoring KW - Pregnancy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1809599839?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Chemistry&rft.atitle=An+iron+complex+with+pendent+amines+as+a+molecular+electrocatalyst+for+oxidation+of+hydrogen&rft.au=Liu%2C+Tianbiao%3BDuBois%2C+Daniel+L%3BBullock%2C+RMorris&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Tianbiao&rft.date=2013-03-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=228&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+Chemistry&rft.issn=17554330&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnchem.1571 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-08-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2016.05.021 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geochemical signatures in fin rays provide a nonlethal method to distinguish the natal rearing streams of endangered juvenile Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha in the Wenatchee River, Washington AN - 1808702060; PQ0003240442 AB - Rebuilding fish populations that have undergone a major decline is a challenging task that can be made more complicated when estimates of abundance obtained from physical tags are biased or imprecise. Abundance estimates based on natural tags where each fish in the population is marked can help address these problems, but generally requires that the samples be obtained in a nonlethal manner. We evaluated the potential of using geochemical signatures in fin rays as a nonlethal method to determine the natal tributaries of endangered juvenile spring Chinook Salmon in the Wenatchee River, Washington. Archived samples of anal fin clips collected from yearling smolt in 2009, 2010 and 2011 were analyzed for Ba/Ca, Mn/Ba, Mg/Ca, Sr/Ca, Zn/Ca and 87Sr/86Sr by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Water samples collected from these same streams in 2012 were also quantified for geochemical composition. Fin ray and water Ba/Ca, Sr/Ca, and 87Sr/86Sr were highly correlated despite the samples having been collected in different years. Fin ray Ba/Ca, Mg/Ca, Sr/Ca, Zn/Ca and 87Sr/86Sr ratios differed significantly among the natal streams, but also among years within streams. A linear discriminant model that included Ba/Ca, Mg/Ca, Sr/Ca, and 87Sr/86Sr correctly classified 95% of the salmon to their natal stream. Our results suggest that fin ray geochemistry may provide an effective, nonlethal method to identify mixtures of Wenatchee River spring Chinook Salmon for recovery efforts when these involve the capture of juvenile fish to estimate population abundance. JF - Fisheries Research (Amsterdam) AU - Linley, Timothy J AU - Krogstad, Eirik J AU - Nims, Megan K AU - Langshaw, Russell B AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Earth Systems Science Division, Richland, WA, 99352, USA Y1 - 2016/09// PY - 2016 DA - September 2016 SP - 234 EP - 246 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 181 SN - 0165-7836, 0165-7836 KW - Ecology Abstracts; ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Fin ray geochemistry KW - Abundance KW - Freshwater KW - INE, USA, Washington KW - Oncorhynchus tshawytscha KW - Streams KW - Strontium isotopes KW - Mass spectroscopy KW - Models KW - Zinc KW - Manganese KW - Tributaries KW - Fish culture KW - Rivers KW - Juveniles KW - Meristic counts KW - Smolts KW - Geochemistry KW - Rare species KW - Methodology KW - Tags KW - Depleted stocks KW - Fin ray counts KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q4 27730:Aquaculture KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology KW - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1808702060?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fisheries+Research+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.atitle=Geochemical+signatures+in+fin+rays+provide+a+nonlethal+method+to+distinguish+the+natal+rearing+streams+of+endangered+juvenile+Chinook+Salmon+Oncorhynchus+tshawytscha+in+the+Wenatchee+River%2C+Washington&rft.au=Linley%2C+Timothy+J%3BKrogstad%2C+Eirik+J%3BNims%2C+Megan+K%3BLangshaw%2C+Russell+B&rft.aulast=Linley&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft.date=2016-09-01&rft.volume=181&rft.issue=&rft.spage=234&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fisheries+Research+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.issn=01657836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1061%2F%28ASCE%29WR.1943-5452.0000365 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Juveniles; Meristic counts; Geochemistry; Smolts; Rare species; Strontium isotopes; Streams; Methodology; Tags; Depleted stocks; Fin ray counts; Tributaries; Fish culture; Zinc; Abundance; Manganese; Mass spectroscopy; Models; Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; INE, USA, Washington; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2016.04.004 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In Situ and Ex Situ TEM Study of Lithiation Behaviours of Porous Silicon Nanostructures. AN - 1815682045; 27571919 AB - In this work, we study the lithiation behaviours of both porous silicon (Si) nanoparticles and porous Si nanowires by in situ and ex situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and compare them with solid Si nanoparticles and nanowires. The in situ TEM observation reveals that the critical fracture diameter of porous Si particles reaches up to 1.52 μm, which is much larger than the previously reported 150 nm for crystalline Si nanoparticles and 870 nm for amorphous Si nanoparticles. After full lithiation, solid Si nanoparticles and nanowires transform to crystalline Li15Si4 phase while porous Si nanoparticles and nanowires transform to amorphous LixSi phase, which is due to the effect of domain size on the stability of Li15Si4 as revealed by the first-principle molecular dynamic simulation. Ex situ TEM characterization is conducted to further investigate the structural evolution of porous and solid Si nanoparticles during the cycling process, which confirms that the porous Si nanoparticles exhibit better capability to suppress pore evolution than solid Si nanoparticles. The investigation of structural evolution and phase transition of porous Si nanoparticles and nanowires during the lithiation process reveal that they are more desirable as lithium-ion battery anode materials than solid Si nanoparticles and nanowires. JF - Scientific reports AU - Shen, Chenfei AU - Ge, Mingyuan AU - Luo, Langli AU - Fang, Xin AU - Liu, Yihang AU - Zhang, Anyi AU - Rong, Jiepeng AU - Wang, Chongmin AU - Zhou, Chongwu AD - Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States. ; Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States. ; Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States. Y1 - 2016/08/30/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Aug 30 SP - 31334 VL - 6 KW - Index Medicus UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1815682045?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Scientific+reports&rft.atitle=In+Situ+and+Ex+Situ+TEM+Study+of+Lithiation+Behaviours+of+Porous+Silicon+Nanostructures.&rft.au=Shen%2C+Chenfei%3BGe%2C+Mingyuan%3BLuo%2C+Langli%3BFang%2C+Xin%3BLiu%2C+Yihang%3BZhang%2C+Anyi%3BRong%2C+Jiepeng%3BWang%2C+Chongmin%3BZhou%2C+Chongwu&rft.aulast=Shen&rft.aufirst=Chenfei&rft.date=2016-08-30&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=31334&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Scientific+reports&rft.issn=2045-2322&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fsrep31334 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-08-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep31334 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Elemental composition and optical properties reveal changes in dissolved organic matter along a permafrost thaw chronosequence in a subarctic peatland AN - 1812219327; 2016-069272 AB - The fate of carbon stored in permafrost-zone peatlands represents a significant uncertainty in global climate modeling. Given that the breakdown of dissolved organic matter (DOM) is often a major pathway for decomposition in peatlands, knowledge of DOM reactivity under different permafrost regimes is critical for determining future climate feedbacks. To explore the effects of permafrost thaw and resultant plant succession on DOM reactivity, we used a combination of Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS), UV/Vis absorbance, and excitation-emission matrix spectroscopy (EEMS) to examine the DOM elemental composition and optical properties of 27 pore water samples gathered from various sites along a permafrost thaw sequence in Stordalen Mire, a thawing subarctic peatland in northern Sweden. The presence of dense Sphagnum moss, a feature that is dominant in the intermediate thaw stages, appeared to be the main driver of variation in DOM elemental composition and optical properties at Stordalen. Specifically, DOM from sites with Sphagnum had greater aromaticity, higher average molecular weights, and greater O/C, consistent with a higher abundance of phenolic compounds that likely inhibit decomposition. These compounds are released by Sphagnum and may accumulate due to inhibition of phenol oxidase activity by the acidic pH at these sites. In contrast, sites without Sphagnum, specifically fully-thawed rich fens, had more saturated, more reduced compounds, which were high in N and S. Optical properties at rich fens indicated the presence of microbially-derived DOM, consistent with the higher decomposition rates previously measured at these sites. These results indicate that Sphagnum acts as an inhibitor of rapid decomposition and CH (sub 4) release in thawing subarctic peatlands, consistent with lower rates of CO (sub 2) and CH (sub 4) production previously observed at these sites. However, this inhibitory effect may disappear if Sphagnum-dominated bogs transition to more waterlogged rich fens that contain very little to no living Sphagnum. Release of this inhibition allows for higher levels of microbial activity and potentially greater CH (sub 4) release, as has been observed in these fen sites. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Hodgkins, Suzanne B AU - Tfaily, Malak M AU - Podgorski, David C AU - McCalley, Carmody K AU - Saleska, Scott R AU - Crill, Patrick M AU - Rich, Virginia I AU - Chanton, Jeffrey P AU - Cooper, William T Y1 - 2016/08/15/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Aug 15 SP - 123 EP - 140 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 187 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - peatlands KW - permafrost KW - degradation KW - Sphagnum KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - Europe KW - climate change KW - Bryophyta KW - infrared spectra KW - FTIR spectra KW - carbon KW - X-ray fluorescence spectra KW - ultraviolet spectra KW - Stordalen Mire KW - spectra KW - chemical composition KW - uncertainty KW - pH KW - climate KW - Plantae KW - methane KW - Western Europe KW - biochemistry KW - statistical analysis KW - solutes KW - alkanes KW - subarctic regions KW - thawing KW - models KW - Scandinavia KW - organic compounds KW - mires KW - optical properties KW - mathematical methods KW - hydrocarbons KW - excitation emission matrix spectra KW - Sweden KW - Musci KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1812219327?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Elemental+composition+and+optical+properties+reveal+changes+in+dissolved+organic+matter+along+a+permafrost+thaw+chronosequence+in+a+subarctic+peatland&rft.au=Hodgkins%2C+Suzanne+B%3BTfaily%2C+Malak+M%3BPodgorski%2C+David+C%3BMcCalley%2C+Carmody+K%3BSaleska%2C+Scott+R%3BCrill%2C+Patrick+M%3BRich%2C+Virginia+I%3BChanton%2C+Jeffrey+P%3BCooper%2C+William+T&rft.aulast=Hodgkins&rft.aufirst=Suzanne&rft.date=2016-08-15&rft.volume=187&rft.issue=&rft.spage=123&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2016.05.015 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 97 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-18 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; biochemistry; Bryophyta; carbon; chemical composition; climate; climate change; degradation; Europe; excitation emission matrix spectra; FTIR spectra; hydrocarbons; infrared spectra; mathematical methods; methane; mires; models; Musci; optical properties; organic compounds; peatlands; permafrost; pH; Plantae; Scandinavia; solutes; spectra; Sphagnum; statistical analysis; Stordalen Mire; subarctic regions; Sweden; thawing; ultraviolet spectra; uncertainty; Western Europe; X-ray fluorescence spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2016.05.015 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular simulation of cesium adsorption at the basal surface of phyllosilicate minerals AN - 1859792070; 2017-004922 AB - A better understanding of the thermodynamics of radioactive cesium uptake at the surfaces of phyllosilicate minerals is needed to understand the mechanisms of selective adsorption and help guide the development of practical and inexpensive decontamination techniques. In this work, molecular dynamics simulations were carried out to determine the thermodynamics of Cs (super +) adsorption at the basal surface of six 2:1 phyllosilicate minerals, namely pyrophyllite, illite, muscovite, phlogopite, celadonite, and margarite. These minerals were selected to isolate the effects of the magnitude of the permanent layer charge (< or = 2), its location (tetrahedral vs. octahedral sheet), and the octahedral sheet structure (dioctahedral vs. trioctahedral). Good agreement was obtained with the experiments in terms of the hydration free energy of Cs (super +) and the structure and thermodynamics of Cs (super +) adsorption at the muscovite basal surface, for which published data were available for comparison. With the exception of pyrophyllite, which did not exhibit an inner-sphere free energy minimum, all phyllosilicate minerals showed similar behavior with respect to Cs (super +) adsorption; notably, Cs (super +) adsorption was predominantly inner-sphere, whereas outer-sphere adsorption was very weak with the simulations predicting the formation of an extended outer-sphere complex. For a given location of the layer charge, the free energy of adsorption as an inner-sphere complex varied linearly with the magnitude of the layer charge. For a given layer charge location and magnitude, adsorption at phlogopite (trioctahedral sheet structure) was much less favorable than at muscovite (dioctahedral sheet structure) due to electrostatic repulsion between adsorbed Cs (super +) and the H atom of the OH (super -) ion directly below the six-membered siloxane ring cavity. For a given layer charge magnitude and octahedral sheet structure, adsorption to celadonite (octahedral sheet layer charge) was favored over adsorption to muscovite (tetrahedral sheet layer charge) due to the increased distance to the surface K (super +) ions and the decreased distance to the O atom of the OH (super -) ion directly below the surface cavity. JF - Clays and Clay Minerals AU - Kerisit, Sebastien AU - Okumura, Masahiko AU - Rosso, Kevin M AU - Machida, Masahiko Y1 - 2016/08// PY - 2016 DA - August 2016 SP - 389 EP - 400 PB - Clay Minerals Society, Chantilly, VA VL - 64 IS - 4 SN - 0009-8604, 0009-8604 KW - silicates KW - Far East KW - muscovite KW - crystal structure KW - simulation KW - ions KW - remediation KW - cesium KW - mica group KW - molecular dynamics KW - thermodynamic properties KW - Asia KW - water pollution KW - mineral surface KW - Fukushima Japan KW - experimental studies KW - margarite KW - alkali metals KW - pollution KW - illite KW - adsorption KW - celadonite KW - radioactive tracers KW - metals KW - potassium KW - Daiichi nuclear power plant KW - sheet silicates KW - Honshu KW - phlogopite KW - crystal chemistry KW - Japan KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1859792070?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clays+and+Clay+Minerals&rft.atitle=Molecular+simulation+of+cesium+adsorption+at+the+basal+surface+of+phyllosilicate+minerals&rft.au=Kerisit%2C+Sebastien%3BOkumura%2C+Masahiko%3BRosso%2C+Kevin+M%3BMachida%2C+Masahiko&rft.aulast=Kerisit&rft.aufirst=Sebastien&rft.date=2016-08-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=389&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clays+and+Clay+Minerals&rft.issn=00098604&rft_id=info:doi/10.1346%2FCCMN.2016.0640405 L2 - http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/cms/ccm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Clay Minerals Society | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 37 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-19 N1 - CODEN - CLCMAB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; alkali metals; Asia; celadonite; cesium; crystal chemistry; crystal structure; Daiichi nuclear power plant; experimental studies; Far East; Fukushima Japan; Honshu; illite; ions; Japan; margarite; metals; mica group; mineral surface; molecular dynamics; muscovite; phlogopite; pollution; potassium; radioactive tracers; remediation; sheet silicates; silicates; simulation; thermodynamic properties; water pollution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1346/CCMN.2016.0640405 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An adaptive Gaussian process-based method for efficient Bayesian experimental design in groundwater contaminant source identification problems AN - 1855316401; 2017-001029 AB - Surrogate models are commonly used in Bayesian approaches such as Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) to avoid repetitive CPU-demanding model evaluations. However, the approximation error of a surrogate may lead to biased estimation of the posterior distribution. This bias can be corrected by constructing a very accurate surrogate or implementing MCMC in a two-stage manner. Since the two-stage MCMC requires extra original model evaluations after surrogate evaluations, the computational cost is still high. If the information of measurement is incorporated, a locally accurate surrogate can be adaptively constructed with low computational cost. Based on this idea, we integrate Gaussian process (GP) and MCMC to adaptively construct locally accurate surrogates for Bayesian experimental design in groundwater contaminant source identification problems. Moreover, the uncertainty estimate of GP approximation error is incorporated in the Bayesian formula to avoid over-confident estimation of the posterior distribution. The proposed approach is tested with a numerical case study. Without sacrificing the estimation accuracy, the new approach achieves about 200 times of speed-up compared to our previous work which implemented MCMC in a two-stage manner. Abstract Copyright (2016), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Zhang, Jiangjiang AU - Li, Weixuan AU - Zeng, Lingzao AU - Wu, Laosheng Y1 - 2016/08// PY - 2016 DA - August 2016 SP - 5971 EP - 5984 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 52 IS - 8 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - Bayesian analysis KW - pollutants KW - numerical analysis KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - data processing KW - pollution KW - ground water KW - computers KW - identification KW - mathematical methods KW - water pollution KW - point sources KW - Markov chain analysis KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1855316401?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=An+adaptive+Gaussian+process-based+method+for+efficient+Bayesian+experimental+design+in+groundwater+contaminant+source+identification+problems&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Jiangjiang%3BLi%2C+Weixuan%3BZeng%2C+Lingzao%3BWu%2C+Laosheng&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Jiangjiang&rft.date=2016-08-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=5971&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2016WR018598 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 58 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-05 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bayesian analysis; computers; data processing; ground water; identification; Markov chain analysis; mathematical methods; Monte Carlo analysis; numerical analysis; point sources; pollutants; pollution; statistical analysis; water pollution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2016WR018598 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Model representations of aerosol layers transported from North America over the Atlantic Ocean during the Two-Column Aerosol Project AN - 1827893309; PQ0003655449 AB - The ability of the Weather Research and Forecasting model with chemistry (WRF-Chem) version 3.7 and the Community Atmosphere Model version 5.3 (CAM5) in simulating profiles of aerosol properties is quantified using extensive in situ and remote sensing measurements from the Two-Column Aerosol Project (TCAP) conducted during July of 2012. TCAP was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy's Atmospheric Radiation Measurement program and was designed to obtain observations within two atmospheric columns; one fixed over Cape Cod, Massachusetts, and the other several hundred kilometers over the ocean. The performance is quantified using most of the available aircraft and surface measurements during July, and 2 days are examined in more detail to identify the processes responsible for the observed aerosol layers. The higher-resolution WRF-Chem model produced more aerosol mass in the free troposphere than the coarser-resolution CAM5 model so that the fraction of aerosol optical thickness above the residual layer from WRF-Chem was more consistent with lidar measurements. We found that the free troposphere layers are likely due to mean vertical motions associated with synoptic-scale convergence that lifts aerosols from the boundary layer. The vertical displacement and the time period associated with upward transport in the troposphere depend on the strength of the synoptic system and whether relatively high boundary layer aerosol concentrations are present where convergence occurs. While a parameterization of subgrid scale convective clouds applied in WRF-Chem modulated the concentrations of aerosols aloft, it did not significantly change the overall altitude and depth of the layers. Key Points * Aerosol layers observed in the free troposphere are likely due to mean vertical motions associated with synoptic-scale convergence. * Spatial grid spacing in global climate model too coarse to adequately resolve mean vertical motions associated with aerosol layers. * Many characteristics of the observed aerosol layers can be reproduced by models given sufficient spatial resolution. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres AU - Fast, Jerome D AU - Berg, Larry K AU - Zhang, Kai AU - Easter, Richard C AU - Ferrare, Richard A AU - Hair, Johnathan W AU - Hostetler, Chris A AU - Liu, Ying AU - Ortega, Ivan AU - Sedlacek, Arthur AU - Shilling, John E AU - Shrivastava, Manish AU - Springston, Stephen R AU - Tomlinson, Jason M AU - Volkamer, Rainer AU - Wilson, Jacqueline AU - Zaveri, Rahul A AU - Zelenyuk, Alla AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA. Y1 - 2016/08// PY - 2016 DA - August 2016 SP - 9814 EP - 9848 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ United States VL - 121 IS - 16 SN - 2169-897X, 2169-897X KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Remote Sensing KW - Prediction KW - Atmospheric pollution models KW - Boundary Layers KW - Remote sensing KW - Vertical motion KW - Altitude KW - Radiation KW - Aircraft KW - Convergence KW - Atmospheric chemistry models KW - Modelling KW - Aerosol concentration KW - Weather KW - Aerosols KW - Climate models KW - Atmospheric radiation measurements KW - Climates KW - Aircraft observations KW - Climate KW - Troposphere KW - A, Atlantic KW - Clouds KW - Aerosol layers KW - Oceans KW - Boundary layers KW - Convective activity KW - Atmospheric chemistry KW - Aerosol properties KW - ANW, USA, Massachusetts, Cape Cod KW - Downward long wave radiation KW - Oceanographic data KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - SW 0810:General KW - Q2 09244:Air-sea coupling UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1827893309?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.atitle=Model+representations+of+aerosol+layers+transported+from+North+America+over+the+Atlantic+Ocean+during+the+Two-Column+Aerosol+Project&rft.au=Fast%2C+Jerome+D%3BBerg%2C+Larry+K%3BZhang%2C+Kai%3BEaster%2C+Richard+C%3BFerrare%2C+Richard+A%3BHair%2C+Johnathan+W%3BHostetler%2C+Chris+A%3BLiu%2C+Ying%3BOrtega%2C+Ivan%3BSedlacek%2C+Arthur%3BShilling%2C+John+E%3BShrivastava%2C+Manish%3BSpringston%2C+Stephen+R%3BTomlinson%2C+Jason+M%3BVolkamer%2C+Rainer%3BWilson%2C+Jacqueline%3BZaveri%2C+Rahul+A%3BZelenyuk%2C+Alla&rft.aulast=Fast&rft.aufirst=Jerome&rft.date=2016-08-01&rft.volume=121&rft.issue=16&rft.spage=9814&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.issn=2169897X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2016JD025248 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Prediction; Aerosols; Boundary layers; Climate; Atmospheric chemistry; Troposphere; Downward long wave radiation; Vertical motion; Modelling; Aerosol concentration; Atmospheric pollution models; Climate models; Atmospheric radiation measurements; Aircraft observations; Remote sensing; Aerosol layers; Clouds; Convergence; Atmospheric chemistry models; Convective activity; Aerosol properties; Oceanographic data; Remote Sensing; Weather; Altitude; Aircraft; Radiation; Oceans; Climates; Boundary Layers; ANW, USA, Massachusetts, Cape Cod; A, Atlantic DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2016JD025248 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Advances in targeted proteomics and applications to biomedical research AN - 1815697831; PQ0003606358 AB - Targeted proteomics technique has emerged as a powerful protein quantification tool in systems biology, biomedical research, and increasing for clinical applications. The most widely used targeted proteomics approach, selected reaction monitoring (SRM), also known as multiple reaction monitoring (MRM), can be used for quantification of cellular signaling networks and preclinical verification of candidate protein biomarkers. As an extension to our previous review on advances in SRM sensitivity (Shi et al., Proteomics, 12, 1074-1092, 2012) herein we review recent advances in the method and technology for further enhancing SRM sensitivity (from 2012 to present), and highlighting its broad biomedical applications in human bodily fluids, tissue and cell lines. Furthermore, we also review two recently introduced targeted proteomics approaches, parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) and data-independent acquisition (DIA) with targeted data extraction on fast scanning high-resolution accurate-mass (HR/AM) instruments. Such HR/AM targeted quantification with monitoring all target product ions addresses SRM limitations effectively in specificity and multiplexing; whereas when compared to SRM, PRM and DIA are still in the infancy with a limited number of applications. Thus, for HR/AM targeted quantification we focus our discussion on method development, data processing and analysis, and its advantages and limitations in targeted proteomics. Finally, general perspectives on the potential of achieving both high sensitivity and high sample throughput for large-scale quantification of hundreds of target proteins are discussed. JF - Proteomics AU - Shi, Tujin AU - Song, Ehwang AU - Nie, Song AU - Rodland, Karin D AU - Liu, Tao AU - Qian, Wei-Jun AU - Smith, Richard D AD - Biological Sciences Division and Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA. Y1 - 2016/08// PY - 2016 DA - August 2016 SP - 2160 EP - 2182 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 16 IS - 15-16 SN - 1615-9853, 1615-9853 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Ions KW - Data processing KW - Scanning KW - Reviews KW - Therapeutic applications KW - proteomics KW - biomarkers KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1815697831?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proteomics&rft.atitle=Advances+in+targeted+proteomics+and+applications+to+biomedical+research&rft.au=Shi%2C+Tujin%3BSong%2C+Ehwang%3BNie%2C+Song%3BRodland%2C+Karin+D%3BLiu%2C+Tao%3BQian%2C+Wei-Jun%3BSmith%2C+Richard+D&rft.aulast=Shi&rft.aufirst=Tujin&rft.date=2016-08-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=15-16&rft.spage=2160&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proteomics&rft.issn=16159853&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fpmic.201500449 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ions; Data processing; Scanning; Reviews; Therapeutic applications; proteomics; biomarkers DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pmic.201500449 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Numerical study on tide-driven submarine groundwater discharge and seawater recirculation in heterogeneous aquifers AN - 1808715137; PQ0003470766 AB - There are many factors affecting submarine groundwater discharge (SGD). However, systematic study of the influences of these factors is still limited. In this study, numerical modeling is performed to quantitatively explore the influences of various factors on SGD in a coastal aquifer. In such locations, tidal and terrestrial hydraulic gradients are the primary forces driving fresh and salt water movement. Unlike steady-state flow, dynamic fresh and salt water mixing at the near-shore seafloor may form an intertidal mixing zone (IMZ) near the surface. By constructing a general SGD model, the effects of various model components such as boundary conditions, model geometry and hydraulic parameters are systematically studied. Several important findings are obtained from the study results: (1) Previous studies have indicated there will be a freshwater discharge tube between the classic transition zone and the IMZ. However, this phenomenon may become unclear with the increase of heterogeneity and anisotropy of the medium's conductivity field. (2) SGD and IMZ are both more sensitive to the vertical anisotropy ratio of hydraulic conductivity (K sub(x)/K sub(z)) than to the horizontal ratio (K sub(x)/K sub(y)). (3) Heterogeneity of effective porosity significantly affects SGD and IMZ. (4) Increase of the storage coefficient decreases fresh water discharge but increases mixing salt water discharge and total SGD. The increase will also change the shape of the IMZ. (5) Variation of dispersivities does not affect SGD, but significantly changes the distributions of the IMZ and the whole mixing zone. These findings will be helpful to the sampling design of field studies of SGD and to the application of dynamic SGD models to field sites for model development and calibration. JF - Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment AU - Li, Xinya AU - Hu, Bill X AU - Tong, Juxiu AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Hydrology, 3200 Innovation Boulevard, MSIN K9-33, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA, 99352, USA, hu@gly.fsu.edu Y1 - 2016/08// PY - 2016 DA - August 2016 SP - 1741 EP - 1755 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 30 IS - 6 SN - 1436-3240, 1436-3240 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Aquifers KW - Risk assessment KW - Storage KW - Salts KW - Hydraulics KW - Mathematical models KW - Water mixing KW - Seawater KW - Porosity KW - Groundwater KW - Boundary conditions KW - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1808715137?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Stochastic+Environmental+Research+and+Risk+Assessment&rft.atitle=Numerical+study+on+tide-driven+submarine+groundwater+discharge+and+seawater+recirculation+in+heterogeneous+aquifers&rft.au=Li%2C+Xinya%3BHu%2C+Bill+X%3BTong%2C+Juxiu&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Xinya&rft.date=2016-08-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1741&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BioTechniques&rft.issn=07366205&rft_id=info:doi/10.2144%2F000113978 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-07-01 N1 - Number of references - 52 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Storage; Risk assessment; Aquifers; Hydraulics; Salts; Water mixing; Mathematical models; Seawater; Porosity; Groundwater; Boundary conditions DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00477-015-1200-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Polyvinylpyrrolidone-induced anisotropic growth of gold nanoprisms in plasmon-driven synthesis. AN - 1806438844; 27376686 AB - After more than a decade, it is still unknown whether the plasmon-mediated growth of silver nanostructures can be extended to the synthesis of other noble metals, as the molecular mechanisms governing the growth process remain elusive. Herein, we demonstrate the plasmon-driven synthesis of gold nanoprisms and elucidate the details of the photochemical growth mechanism at the single-nanoparticle level. Our investigation reveals that the surfactant polyvinylpyrrolidone preferentially adsorbs along the nanoprism perimeter and serves as a photochemical relay to direct the anisotropic growth of gold nanoprisms. This discovery confers a unique function to polyvinylpyrrolidone that is fundamentally different from its widely accepted role as a crystal-face-blocking ligand. Additionally, we find that nanocrystal twinning exerts a profound influence on the kinetics of this photochemical process by controlling the transport of plasmon-generated hot electrons to polyvinylpyrrolidone. These insights establish a molecular-level description of the underlying mechanisms regulating the plasmon-driven synthesis of gold nanoprisms. JF - Nature materials AU - Zhai, Yueming AU - DuChene, Joseph S AU - Wang, Yi-Chung AU - Qiu, Jingjing AU - Johnston-Peck, Aaron C AU - You, Bo AU - Guo, Wenxiao AU - DiCiaccio, Benedetto AU - Qian, Kun AU - Zhao, Evan W AU - Ooi, Frances AU - Hu, Dehong AU - Su, Dong AU - Stach, Eric A AU - Zhu, Zihua AU - Wei, Wei David AD - Department of Chemistry and Center for Nanostructured Electronic Materials, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA. ; Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA. ; Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 3335 Q Avenue, Richland, Washington 99354, USA. Y1 - 2016/08// PY - 2016 DA - August 2016 SP - 889 EP - 895 VL - 15 IS - 8 SN - 1476-1122, 1476-1122 KW - Index Medicus UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1806438844?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+materials&rft.atitle=Polyvinylpyrrolidone-induced+anisotropic+growth+of+gold+nanoprisms+in+plasmon-driven+synthesis.&rft.au=Zhai%2C+Yueming%3BDuChene%2C+Joseph+S%3BWang%2C+Yi-Chung%3BQiu%2C+Jingjing%3BJohnston-Peck%2C+Aaron+C%3BYou%2C+Bo%3BGuo%2C+Wenxiao%3BDiCiaccio%2C+Benedetto%3BQian%2C+Kun%3BZhao%2C+Evan+W%3BOoi%2C+Frances%3BHu%2C+Dehong%3BSu%2C+Dong%3BStach%2C+Eric+A%3BZhu%2C+Zihua%3BWei%2C+Wei+David&rft.aulast=Zhai&rft.aufirst=Yueming&rft.date=2016-08-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=889&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+materials&rft.issn=14761122&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnmat4683 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-07-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmat4683 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toward optimal soil organic carbon sequestration with effects of agricultural management practices and climate change in Tai-Lake paddy soils of China AN - 1797542912; 2016-054118 AB - Understanding the impacts of climate change and agricultural management practices on soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics is critical for implementing optimal farming practices and maintaining agricultural productivity. This study examines the influence of climatic variables and agricultural management on carbon sequestration potentials in Tai-Lake Paddy soils of China using the DeNitrification-DeComposition (DNDC, version 9.1) model, with a high-resolution soil database (1:50,000). Model simulations considered the effects of no-tillage, the application rates of manure, N fertilization, and crop residue, water management, and changes in temperature and precipitation. We found that the carbon sequestration potential in the top soils (0-30 cm) for the 2.32 Mha paddy soils of the Tai-Lake region varied from 4.71 to 44.31 Tg C under the feasible management practices during the period of 2001-2019. The sequestration potential significantly increased with increasing application of N-fertilizer, manure, conservation tillage, and crop residues, with an annual average SOC changes ranged from 107 to 121 kg C ha (super -1) yr (super -1) , 159 to 326 kg C ha (super -1) yr (super -1) , 78 to 128 kg C ha (super -1) yr (super -1) , and 489 to 1005 kg C ha (super -1) yr (super -1) , respectively. Toward mitigating greenhouse emissions and N losses, no-tillage and increase of crop residue return to soils as well as manure application are recommended for agricultural practice in this region. Our analysis of climate impacts on SOC sequestration suggests that the rice paddies in this region will continue to be a carbon sink under future warming conditions. Specifically, with rising air temperature of 2.0 degrees C and 4 degrees C, the average annual SOC changes were 52 and 21 kg C ha (super -1) yr (super -1) , respectively. Abstract Copyright (2016) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geoderma AU - Zhang, Liming AU - Zhuang, Qianlai AU - He, Yujie AU - Liu, Yaling AU - Yu, Dongsheng AU - Zhao, Quanying AU - Shi, Xuezheng AU - Xing, Shihe AU - Wang, Guangxiang Y1 - 2016/08/01/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Aug 01 SP - 28 EP - 39 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 275 SN - 0016-7061, 0016-7061 KW - soils KW - Zhejiang China KW - Far East KW - carbon sequestration KW - Taihu Lake KW - Jiangsu China KW - agriculture KW - optimization KW - climate change KW - Shanghai China KW - paddy soils KW - denitrification KW - carbon KW - land management KW - organic carbon KW - Asia KW - China KW - soil management KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1797542912?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geoderma&rft.atitle=Toward+optimal+soil+organic+carbon+sequestration+with+effects+of+agricultural+management+practices+and+climate+change+in+Tai-Lake+paddy+soils+of+China&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Liming%3BZhuang%2C+Qianlai%3BHe%2C+Yujie%3BLiu%2C+Yaling%3BYu%2C+Dongsheng%3BZhao%2C+Quanying%3BShi%2C+Xuezheng%3BXing%2C+Shihe%3BWang%2C+Guangxiang&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Liming&rft.date=2016-08-01&rft.volume=275&rft.issue=&rft.spage=28&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geoderma&rft.issn=00167061&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.geoderma.2016.04.001 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167061 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 93 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-17 N1 - CODEN - GEDMAB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agriculture; Asia; carbon; carbon sequestration; China; climate change; denitrification; Far East; Jiangsu China; land management; optimization; organic carbon; paddy soils; Shanghai China; soil management; soils; Taihu Lake; Zhejiang China DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2016.04.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Surface functionalized nanostructured ceramic sorbents for the effective collection and recovery of uranium from seawater. AN - 1804198776; 27184739 AB - The ability to collect uranium from seawater offers the potential for a nearly limitless fuel supply for nuclear energy. We evaluated the use of functionalized nanostructured sorbents for the collection and recovery of uranium from seawater. Extraction of trace minerals from seawater and brines is challenging due to the high ionic strength of seawater, low mineral concentrations, and fouling of surfaces over time. We demonstrate that rationally assembled sorbent materials that integrate high affinity surface chemistry and high surface area nanostructures into an application relevant micro/macro structure enables collection performance that far exceeds typical sorbent materials. High surface area nanostructured silica with surface chemistries composed of phosphonic acid, phosphonates, 3,4 hydroxypyridinone, and EDTA showed superior performance for uranium collection. A few phosphorous-based commercial resins, specifically Diphonix and Ln Resin, also performed well. We demonstrate an effective and environmentally benign method of stripping the uranium from the high affinity sorbents using inexpensive nontoxic carbonate solutions. The cyclic use of preferred sorbents and acidic reconditioning of materials was shown to improve performance. Composite thin films composed of the nanostructured sorbents and a porous polymer binder are shown to have excellent kinetics and good capacity while providing an effective processing configuration for trace mineral recovery from solutions. Initial work using the composite thin films shows significant improvements in processing capacity over the previously reported sorbent materials. JF - Dalton transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003) AU - Chouyyok, Wilaiwan AU - Pittman, Jonathan W AU - Warner, Marvin G AU - Nell, Kara M AU - Clubb, Donald C AU - Gill, Gary A AU - Addleman, R Shane AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA. raymond.addleman@pnnl.gov. Y1 - 2016/07/28/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Jul 28 SP - 11312 EP - 11325 VL - 45 IS - 28 KW - Index Medicus UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1804198776?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Dalton+transactions+%28Cambridge%2C+England+%3A+2003%29&rft.atitle=Surface+functionalized+nanostructured+ceramic+sorbents+for+the+effective+collection+and+recovery+of+uranium+from+seawater.&rft.au=Chouyyok%2C+Wilaiwan%3BPittman%2C+Jonathan+W%3BWarner%2C+Marvin+G%3BNell%2C+Kara+M%3BClubb%2C+Donald+C%3BGill%2C+Gary+A%3BAddleman%2C+R+Shane&rft.aulast=Chouyyok&rft.aufirst=Wilaiwan&rft.date=2016-07-28&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=28&rft.spage=11312&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Dalton+transactions+%28Cambridge%2C+England+%3A+2003%29&rft.issn=1477-9234&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc6dt01318j LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-07-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6dt01318j ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Shallow Tidal Freshwater Habitats of the Columbia River: Spatial and Temporal Variability of Fish Communities and Density, Size, and Genetic Stock Composition of Juvenile Chinook Salmon AN - 1811906529; PQ0003562865 AB - We investigated the spatial and temporal variability of the fish community and the density, size, and genetic stock composition of juvenile Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha in shallow tidal freshwater habitats of the Columbia River. We sought to address data gaps related to juvenile Chinook Salmon in this portion of the Columbia River and thereby inform habitat restoration efforts. We examined fish communities, juvenile salmon life history characteristics, and relationships between salmon density and habitat conditions by using beach seine data collected over a 63-month period (2007-2012) from two tidal freshwater areas: the Sandy River delta (river kilometer [rkm] 188-202) and the lower river reach (rkm 110-141). We found few differences in the fish community across the two study areas. Fish community patterns were largely attributable to seasonal changes as opposed to spatial gradients and habitat types. Juvenile Chinook Salmon were the most common salmon species in our catches; this species was the only salmonid encountered during all four seasons. Chinook Salmon density differed among three distinct habitat strata (main channel, off-channel, and wetland channel), but FL and genetic stock composition did not. Across all habitat strata, environmental covariates (mean percent tree cover, dissolved oxygen level, and mean percent emergent vegetation) were positively associated with juvenile Chinook Salmon density. Although comparisons of environmental metrics and salmon density helped to establish a quantitative relationship between biotic and abiotic conditions, we found that juvenile salmon occupied a range of habitats. Our findings support a strategy that involves restoring a diversity of shallow tidal freshwater habitats to facilitate the recovery of threatened and endangered salmon populations in the Columbia River basin. Received August 28, 2015; accepted February 1, 2016 Published online June 21, 2016 JF - Transactions of the American Fisheries Society AU - Sather, Nichole K AU - Johnson, Gary E AU - Teel, David J AU - Storch, Adam J AU - Skalski, John R AU - Cullinan, Valerie I AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Marine Science Laboratory, 1286 Washington Harbor Road, Sequim, Washington 98382, USA Y1 - 2016/07/03/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Jul 03 SP - 734 EP - 753 PB - American Fisheries Society, 5410 Grosvenor Ln. Bethesda MD 20814-2199 United States VL - 145 IS - 4 SN - 0002-8487, 0002-8487 KW - Genetics Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Trees KW - USA, Columbia R. KW - Freshwater KW - Oncorhynchus tshawytscha KW - Environmental factors KW - Dissolved oxygen KW - Population genetics KW - Genetics KW - Wetlands KW - Seasonal variations KW - Rivers KW - Beaches KW - Data processing KW - Freshwater environments KW - Temporal variations KW - Vegetation KW - River basins KW - Rare species KW - Habitat KW - Inland water environment KW - USA, Columbia R. basin KW - Life history KW - Stocks KW - Fish KW - Internet KW - Q1 08463:Habitat community studies KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - G 07840:Fish UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1811906529?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society&rft.atitle=Shallow+Tidal+Freshwater+Habitats+of+the+Columbia+River%3A+Spatial+and+Temporal+Variability+of+Fish+Communities+and+Density%2C+Size%2C+and+Genetic+Stock+Composition+of+Juvenile+Chinook+Salmon&rft.au=Sather%2C+Nichole+K%3BJohnson%2C+Gary+E%3BTeel%2C+David+J%3BStorch%2C+Adam+J%3BSkalski%2C+John+R%3BCullinan%2C+Valerie+I&rft.aulast=Sather&rft.aufirst=Nichole&rft.date=2016-07-03&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=7&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Genetics; Population genetics; Temporal variations; Stocks; Fish; Rare species; Environmental factors; Inland water environment; Beaches; Data processing; Freshwater environments; Trees; Vegetation; River basins; Habitat; Dissolved oxygen; Life history; Wetlands; Seasonal variations; Internet; Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; USA, Columbia R. basin; USA, Columbia R.; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2016.1150878 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Grain-size based additivity models for scaling multi-rate uranyl surface complexation in subsurface sediments AN - 1819897139; 2016-078830 AB - The additivity model assumed that field-scale reaction properties in a sediment including surface area, reactive site concentration, and reaction rate can be predicted from field-scale grain-size distribution by linearly adding reaction properties estimated in laboratory for individual grain-size fractions. This study evaluated the additivity model in scaling mass transfer-limited, multi-rate uranyl (U(VI)) surface complexation reactions in a contaminated sediment. Experimental data of rate-limited U(VI) desorption in a stirred flow-cell reactor were used to estimate the statistical properties of the rate constants for individual grain-size fractions, which were then used to predict rate-limited U(VI) desorption in the composite sediment. The result indicated that the additivity model with respect to the rate of U(VI) desorption provided a good prediction of U(VI) desorption in the composite sediment. However, the rate constants were not directly scalable using the additivity model. An approximate additivity model for directly scaling rate constants was subsequently proposed and evaluated. The result found that the approximate model provided a good prediction of the experimental results within statistical uncertainty. This study also found that a gravel-size fraction (2 to 8 mm), which is often ignored in modeling U(VI) sorption and desorption, is statistically significant to the U(VI) desorption in the sediment. Copyright 2015 International Association for Mathematical Geosciences JF - Mathematical Geosciences AU - Zhang, Xiaoying AU - Liu, Chongxuan AU - Hu, Bill Xiaolong AU - Hu, Qinhong Y1 - 2016/07// PY - 2016 DA - July 2016 SP - 511 EP - 535 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 48 IS - 5 SN - 1874-8961, 1874-8961 KW - United States KW - desorption KW - Bayesian analysis KW - complexing KW - unsaturated zone KW - gravel KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - laboratory studies KW - scale models KW - chemical reactions KW - sediments KW - Benton County Washington KW - mass transfer KW - granulometry KW - experimental studies KW - Washington KW - clastic sediments KW - capillary fringe KW - grain size KW - statistical analysis KW - uranyl ion KW - Hanford Site KW - rates KW - electrolytes KW - capillarity KW - size KW - metals KW - additivity KW - Columbia Plateau KW - uranium KW - actinides KW - chemical fractionation KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1819897139?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mathematical+Geosciences&rft.atitle=Grain-size+based+additivity+models+for+scaling+multi-rate+uranyl+surface+complexation+in+subsurface+sediments&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Xiaoying%3BLiu%2C+Chongxuan%3BHu%2C+Bill+Xiaolong%3BHu%2C+Qinhong&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Xiaoying&rft.date=2016-07-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=511&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mathematical+Geosciences&rft.issn=18748961&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11004-015-9620-z L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/121014/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 42 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; additivity; Bayesian analysis; Benton County Washington; capillarity; capillary fringe; chemical fractionation; chemical reactions; clastic sediments; Columbia Plateau; complexing; desorption; electrolytes; experimental studies; grain size; granulometry; gravel; ground water; Hanford Site; laboratory studies; mass transfer; metals; rates; scale models; sediments; simulation; size; statistical analysis; United States; unsaturated zone; uranium; uranyl ion; Washington DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11004-015-9620-z ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On the applicability of surrogate-based Markov chain Monte Carlo-Bayesian inversion to the Community Land Model: Case studies at flux tower sites AN - 1811880153; PQ0003515416 AB - The Community Land Model (CLM) has been widely used in climate and Earth system modeling. Accurate estimation of model parameters is needed for reliable model simulations and predictions under current and future conditions, respectively. In our previous work, a subset of hydrological parameters has been identified to have significant impact on surface energy fluxes at selected flux tower sites based on parameter screening and sensitivity analysis, which indicate that the parameters could potentially be estimated from surface flux observations at the towers. To date, such estimates do not exist. In this paper, we assess the feasibility of applying a Bayesian model calibration technique to estimate CLM parameters at selected flux tower sites under various site conditions. The parameters are estimated as a joint probability density function (PDF) that provides estimates of uncertainty of the parameters being inverted, conditional on climatologically average latent heat fluxes derived from observations. We find that the simulated mean latent heat fluxes from CLM using the calibrated parameters are generally improved at all sites when compared to those obtained with CLM simulations using default parameter sets. Further, our calibration method also results in credibility bounds around the simulated mean fluxes which bracket the measured data. The modes (or maximum a posteriori values) and 95% credibility intervals of the site-specific posterior PDFs are tabulated as suggested parameter values for each site. Analysis of relationships between the posterior PDFs and site conditions suggests that the parameter values are likely correlated with the plant functional type, which needs to be confirmed in future studies by extending the approach to more sites. Key Points * The feasibility of applying a Bayesian calibration technique to estimate CLM parameters is assessed * CLM-simulated LH fluxes using the calibrated parameters are generally improved * The parameter values are likely transferable within the plant functional type JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres AU - Huang, Maoyi AU - Ray, Jaideep AU - Hou, Zhangshuan AU - Ren, Huiying AU - Liu, Ying AU - Swiler, Laura AD - Earth System Analysis and Modeling Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA. Y1 - 2016/07// PY - 2016 DA - July 2016 SP - 7548 EP - 7563 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ United States VL - 121 IS - 13 SN - 2169-897X, 2169-897X KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Latent heat KW - Latent Heat KW - Sensitivity Analysis KW - Calibrations KW - Surface fluxes KW - Modelling KW - Screening KW - Biological surveys KW - Towers KW - Climate models KW - Hydrologic analysis KW - Simulation Analysis KW - Case Studies KW - Density KW - Climates KW - Simulation KW - Probability density function KW - Inversions KW - Methodology KW - Markov Process KW - Numerical simulations KW - Sensitivity analysis KW - Fluctuations KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - M2 551.507:Carriers (551.507) KW - SW 0810:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1811880153?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.atitle=On+the+applicability+of+surrogate-based+Markov+chain+Monte+Carlo-Bayesian+inversion+to+the+Community+Land+Model%3A+Case+studies+at+flux+tower+sites&rft.au=Huang%2C+Maoyi%3BRay%2C+Jaideep%3BHou%2C+Zhangshuan%3BRen%2C+Huiying%3BLiu%2C+Ying%3BSwiler%2C+Laura&rft.aulast=Huang&rft.aufirst=Maoyi&rft.date=2016-07-01&rft.volume=121&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=7548&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.issn=2169897X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2015JD024339 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological surveys; Screening; Towers; Simulation; Inversions; Methodology; Modelling; Hydrologic analysis; Climate models; Sensitivity analysis; Numerical simulations; Surface fluxes; Probability density function; Latent heat; Sensitivity Analysis; Markov Process; Calibrations; Simulation Analysis; Density; Case Studies; Climates; Fluctuations; Latent Heat DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015JD024339 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - False-negative rate, limit of detection and recovery efficiency performance of a validated macrofoam-swab sampling method for low surface concentrations of Bacillus anthracis Sterne and Bacillus atrophaeus spores AN - 1808650207; PQ0003391317 AB - Aims We sought to evaluate the effects of Bacillus species, low surface concentrations, and surface material on recovery efficiency (RE), false-negative rate (FNR) and limit of detection for recovering Bacillus spores using a validated macrofoam-swab sampling procedure. Methods and Results The performance of a macrofoam-swab sampling method was evaluated using Bacillus anthracis Sterne (BAS) and Bacillus atrophaeus Nakamura (BG) spores applied at nine low target surface concentrations (2 to 500 CFU per plate or coupon) to positive-control plates and test coupons (25.8064 cm super(2)) of four surface materials (glass, stainless steel, vinyl tile and plastic). The Bacillus species and surface material had statistically significant effects on RE, but surface concentration did not. Mean REs were the lowest for vinyl tile (50.8% with BAS and 40.2% with BG) and the highest for glass (92.8% with BAS and 71.4% with BG). FNR values (which ranged from 0 to 0.833 for BAS and from 0 to 0.806 for BG) increased as surface concentration decreased in the range tested. Surface material also had a statistically significant effect on FNR, with FNR the lowest for glass and highest for vinyl tile. Finally, FNR tended to be higher for BG than for BAS at lower surface concentrations, especially for glass. Conclusions Concentration and surface material had significant effects on FNR, with Bacillus species having a small effect. Species and surface material had significant effects on RE, with surface concentration having a nonsignificant effect. Significance and Impact of the Study The results provide valuable information on the performance of the macrofoam-swab method for low surface concentrations of Bacillus spores, which can be adapted to assess the likelihood that there is no contamination when all macrofoam-swab samples fail to detect B. anthracis. JF - Journal of Applied Microbiology AU - Piepel, G F AU - Deatherage Kaiser, BL AU - Amidan, B G AU - Sydor, MA AU - Barrett, CA AU - Hutchison, J R AD - Applied Statistics and Computational Sciences, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA. Y1 - 2016/07// PY - 2016 DA - July 2016 SP - 149 EP - 162 PB - Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., 1105 N Market St Wilmington DE 19801 VL - 121 IS - 1 SN - 1364-5072, 1364-5072 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Contamination KW - Colony-forming cells KW - Statistical analysis KW - Sampling KW - Plastics KW - Bacillus anthracis KW - Spores KW - stainless steel KW - X 24370:Natural Toxins KW - A 01450:Environmental Pollution & Waste Treatment KW - J 02320:Cell Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1808650207?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Applied+Microbiology&rft.atitle=False-negative+rate%2C+limit+of+detection+and+recovery+efficiency+performance+of+a+validated+macrofoam-swab+sampling+method+for+low+surface+concentrations+of+Bacillus+anthracis+Sterne+and+Bacillus+atrophaeus+spores&rft.au=Piepel%2C+G+F%3BDeatherage+Kaiser%2C+BL%3BAmidan%2C+B+G%3BSydor%2C+MA%3BBarrett%2C+CA%3BHutchison%2C+J+R&rft.aulast=Piepel&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2016-07-01&rft.volume=121&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=149&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Applied+Microbiology&rft.issn=13645072&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fjam.13128 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Contamination; Colony-forming cells; Statistical analysis; Plastics; Sampling; Spores; stainless steel; Bacillus anthracis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jam.13128 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Are the metabolomic responses to folivory of closely related plant species linked to macroevolutionary and plant-folivore coevolutionary processes? AN - 1808646021; PQ0003372646 AB - The debate whether the coevolution of plants and insects or macroevolutionary processes (phylogeny) is the main driver determining the arsenal of molecular defensive compounds of plants remains unresolved. Attacks by herbivorous insects affect not only the composition of defensive compounds in plants but also the entire metabolome. Metabolomes are the final products of genotypes and are constrained by macroevolutionary processes, so closely related species should have similar metabolomic compositions and may respond in similar ways to attacks by folivores. We analyzed the elemental compositions and metabolomes of needles from three closely related Pinus species with distant coevolutionary histories with the caterpillar of the processionary moth respond similarly to its attack. All pines had different metabolomes and metabolic responses to herbivorous attack. The metabolomic variation among the species and the responses to folivory reflected their macroevolutionary relationships, with P. pinaster having the most divergent metabolome. The concentrations of terpenes were in the attacked trees supporting the hypothesis that herbivores avoid plant individuals with higher concentrations. Our results suggest that macroevolutionary history plays important roles in the metabolomic responses of these pine species to folivory, but plant-insect coevolution probably constrains those responses. Combinations of different evolutionary factors and trade-offs are likely responsible for the different responses of each species to folivory, which is not necessarily exclusively linked to plant-insect coevolution. The response of metabolomes to the attack of folivores could be influenced by macroevolutionary processes and/or by the plant-folivore co-evolution. We used metabolomics to determine how the metabolomic responses of three closely related pine species cope with the attach of the processionary moth. We found that both metabolomes of pines and metabolic responses to the attack of folivores are directly constrained by the phylogenetic relationship among the pines. JF - Ecology and Evolution AU - Rivas-Ubach, Albert AU - Hodar, Jose A AU - Sardans, Jordi AU - Kyle, Jennifer E AU - Kim, Young-Mo AU - Oravec, Michal AU - Urban, Otmar AU - Guenther, Alex AU - Penuelas, Josep AD - Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, 99354, USA. Y1 - 2016/07// PY - 2016 DA - July 2016 SP - 4372 EP - 4386 PB - Wiley Subscription Services, Inc. VL - 6 IS - 13 SN - 2045-7758, 2045-7758 KW - Entomology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Phylogeny KW - Terpenes KW - Historical account KW - Chemical composition KW - Coevolution KW - Trees KW - Genotypes KW - Pinus KW - Insects KW - Needles KW - Herbivores KW - metabolomics KW - Evolution KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Z 05360:Genetics and Evolution KW - ENA 21:Wildlife UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1808646021?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecology+and+Evolution&rft.atitle=Are+the+metabolomic+responses+to+folivory+of+closely+related+plant+species+linked+to+macroevolutionary+and+plant-folivore+coevolutionary+processes%3F&rft.au=Rivas-Ubach%2C+Albert%3BHodar%2C+Jose+A%3BSardans%2C+Jordi%3BKyle%2C+Jennifer+E%3BKim%2C+Young-Mo%3BOravec%2C+Michal%3BUrban%2C+Otmar%3BGuenther%2C+Alex%3BPenuelas%2C+Josep&rft.aulast=Rivas-Ubach&rft.aufirst=Albert&rft.date=2016-07-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=4372&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecology+and+Evolution&rft.issn=20457758&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fece3.2206 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Terpenes; Phylogeny; Herbivores; Coevolution; Trees; Genotypes; Evolution; metabolomics; Needles; Historical account; Chemical composition; Insects; Pinus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.2206 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Anatomical Details of the Rabbit Nasal Passages and Their Implications in Breathing, Air Conditioning, and Olfaction. AN - 1797234257; 27145450 AB - The rabbit is commonly used as a laboratory animal for inhalation toxicology tests and detail knowledge of the rabbit airway morphometry is needed for outcome analysis or theoretical modeling. The objective of this study is to quantify the morphometric dimension of the nasal airway of a New Zealand white rabbit and to relate the morphology and functions through analytical and computational methods. Images of high-resolution MRI scans of the rabbit were processed to measure the axial distribution of the cross-sectional areas, perimeter, and complexity level. The lateral recess, which has functions other than respiration or olfaction, was isolated from the nasal airway and its dimension was quantified separately. A low Reynolds number turbulence model was implemented to simulate the airflow, heat transfer, vapor transport, and wall shear stress. Results of this study provide detailed morphological information of the rabbit that can be used in the studies of olfaction, inhalation toxicology, drug delivery, and physiology-based pharmacokinetics modeling. For the first time, we reported a spiral nasal vestibule that splits into three paths leading to the dorsal meatus, maxilloturbinate, and ventral meatus, respectively. Both non-dimensional functional analysis and CFD simulations suggested that the airflow in the rabbit nose is laminar and the unsteady effect is only significantly during sniffing. Due to the large surface-to-volume ratio, the maxilloturbinate is highly effective in warming and moistening the inhaled air to body conditions. The unique anatomical structure and respiratory airflow pattern may have important implications for designing new odorant detectors or electronic noses. Anat Rec, 299:853-868, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. JF - Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007) AU - Xi, Jinxiang AU - Si, Xiuhua A AU - Kim, Jongwon AU - Zhang, Yu AU - Jacob, Richard E AU - Kabilan, Senthil AU - Corley, Richard A AD - School of Engineering and Technology, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, Michigan. ; Department of Mechanical Engineering, California Baptist University, Riverside, California. ; College of Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia. ; Systems Toxicology & Exposure Science, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington. Y1 - 2016/07// PY - 2016 DA - July 2016 SP - 853 EP - 868 VL - 299 IS - 7 KW - Index Medicus KW - respiration KW - lateral recess KW - New Zealand white rabbit KW - olfaction KW - nasal morphology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1797234257?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Anatomical+record+%28Hoboken%2C+N.J.+%3A+2007%29&rft.atitle=Anatomical+Details+of+the+Rabbit+Nasal+Passages+and+Their+Implications+in+Breathing%2C+Air+Conditioning%2C+and+Olfaction.&rft.au=Xi%2C+Jinxiang%3BSi%2C+Xiuhua+A%3BKim%2C+Jongwon%3BZhang%2C+Yu%3BJacob%2C+Richard+E%3BKabilan%2C+Senthil%3BCorley%2C+Richard+A&rft.aulast=Xi&rft.aufirst=Jinxiang&rft.date=2016-07-01&rft.volume=299&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=853&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Anatomical+record+%28Hoboken%2C+N.J.+%3A+2007%29&rft.issn=1932-8494&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Far.23367 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-06-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.23367 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Visualizing surface plasmons with photons, photoelectrons, and electrons. AN - 1795877079; 27067797 AB - Both photons and electrons may be used to excite surface plasmon polaritons, the collective charge density fluctuations at the surface of metal nanostructures. By virtue of their nanoscopic and dissipative nature, a detailed characterization of surface plasmon (SP) eigenmodes in real space-time ultimately requires joint nanometer spatial and femtosecond temporal resolution. The latter realization has driven significant developments in the past few years, aimed at interrogating both localized and propagating SP modes. In this mini-review, we briefly highlight different techniques employed by our own groups to visualize the enhanced electric fields associated with SPs. Specifically, we discuss recent hyperspectral optical microscopy, tip-enhanced Raman nano-spectroscopy, nonlinear photoemission electron microscopy, as well as correlated scanning transmission electron microscopy-electron energy loss spectroscopy measurements targeting prototypical plasmonic nanostructures and constructs. Through selected practical examples from our own laboratories, we examine the information content in multidimensional images recorded by taking advantage of each of the aforementioned techniques. In effect, we illustrate how SPs can be visualized at the ultimate limits of space and time. JF - The Analyst AU - El-Khoury, P Z AU - Abellan, P AU - Gong, Y AU - Hage, F S AU - Cottom, J AU - Joly, A G AU - Brydson, R AU - Ramasse, Q M AU - Hess, W P AD - Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA. patrick.elkhoury@pnnl.gov. Y1 - 2016/06/21/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Jun 21 SP - 3562 EP - 3572 VL - 141 IS - 12 KW - Index Medicus UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1795877079?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Analyst&rft.atitle=Visualizing+surface+plasmons+with+photons%2C+photoelectrons%2C+and+electrons.&rft.au=El-Khoury%2C+P+Z%3BAbellan%2C+P%3BGong%2C+Y%3BHage%2C+F+S%3BCottom%2C+J%3BJoly%2C+A+G%3BBrydson%2C+R%3BRamasse%2C+Q+M%3BHess%2C+W+P&rft.aulast=El-Khoury&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2016-06-21&rft.volume=141&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=3562&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Analyst&rft.issn=1364-5528&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc6an00308g LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-06-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6an00308g ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Mayak Worker Dosimetry System (MWDS 2013): Soluble Plutonium Retention in the Lungs of An Occupationally Exposed USTUR Case. AN - 1826707304; 27288356 AB - For the first time, plutonium retention in human upper airways was investigated based on the dosimetric structure of the human respiratory tract proposed by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP). This paper describes analytical work methodology, case selection criteria, and summarizes findings on soluble (ICRP 68 Type M material) plutonium distribution in the lungs of a former nuclear worker occupationally exposed to plutonium nitrate [239Pu(NO3)4]. Thirty-eight years post-intake, plutonium was found to be uniformly distributed between bronchial (BB), bronchiolar (bb) and alveolar-interstitial (AI) dosimetric compartments as well as between the left and right lungs. 239+240Pu and 238Pu total body activity was estimated to be 2333 ± 23 and 42.1 ± 0.7 Bq, respectively. The results of this work provide key information on the extent of plutonium binding in the upper airways of the human respiratory tract. JF - Radiation protection dosimetry AU - Tolmachev, S Y AU - Nielsen, C E AU - Avtandilashvili, M AU - Puncher, M AU - Martinez, F AU - Thomas, E M AU - Miller, F L AU - Morgan, W F AU - Birchall, A AD - US Transuranium and Uranium Registries, College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, 1845 Terminal Drive, Suite 201, Richland, WA 99354, USA stolmachev@wsu.edu. ; Mission Support Alliance, Richland, WA 99352, USA. ; US Transuranium and Uranium Registries, College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, 1845 Terminal Drive, Suite 201, Richland, WA 99354, USA. ; Department of Toxicology, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Chilton, Didcot OX11 0RQ, UK. ; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, USA. ; Global Dosimetry, Didcot, Oxon, UK. Y1 - 2016/06/10/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Jun 10 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1826707304?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.atitle=The+Mayak+Worker+Dosimetry+System+%28MWDS+2013%29%3A+Soluble+Plutonium+Retention+in+the+Lungs+of+An+Occupationally+Exposed+USTUR+Case.&rft.au=Tolmachev%2C+S+Y%3BNielsen%2C+C+E%3BAvtandilashvili%2C+M%3BPuncher%2C+M%3BMartinez%2C+F%3BThomas%2C+E+M%3BMiller%2C+F+L%3BMorgan%2C+W+F%3BBirchall%2C+A&rft.aulast=Tolmachev&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2016-06-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.issn=1742-3406&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-06-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Value of long-term streamflow forecasts to reservoir operations for water supply in snow-dominated river catchments AN - 1832728177; 2016-092651 AB - We present a forecast-based adaptive management framework for water supply reservoirs and evaluate the contribution of long-term inflow forecasts to reservoir operations. Our framework is developed for snow-dominated river basins that demonstrate large gaps in forecast skill between seasonal and inter-annual time horizons. We quantify and bound the contribution of seasonal and inter-annual forecast components to optimal, adaptive reservoir operation. The framework uses an Ensemble Streamflow Prediction (ESP) approach to generate retrospective, one-year-long streamflow forecasts based on the Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) hydrology model. We determine the optimal sequence of daily release decisions using the Model Predictive Control (MPC) optimization scheme. We then assess the forecast value by comparing system performance based on the ESP forecasts with the performances based on climatology and perfect forecasts. We distinguish among the relative contributions of the seasonal component of the forecast versus the inter-annual component by evaluating system performance based on hybrid forecasts, which are designed to isolate the two contributions. As an illustration, we first apply the forecast-based adaptive management framework to a specific case study, i.e., Oroville Reservoir in California, and we then modify the characteristics of the reservoir and the demand to demonstrate the transferability of the findings to other reservoir systems. Results from numerical experiments show that, on average, the overall ESP value in informing reservoir operation is 35% less than the perfect forecast value and the inter-annual component of the ESP forecast contributes 20-60% of the total forecast value. Abstract Copyright (2016), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Anghileri, Daniela AU - Voisin, N AU - Castelletti, A AU - Pianosi, F AU - Nijssen, B AU - Lettenmaier, D P Y1 - 2016/06// PY - 2016 DA - June 2016 SP - 4209 EP - 4225 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 52 IS - 6 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - United States KW - Oroville Reservoir KW - hydrology KW - water supply KW - reservoirs KW - annual variations KW - Sacramento County California KW - water management KW - prediction KW - rivers KW - California KW - catchment hydrodynamics KW - Feather River KW - San Francisco Bay region KW - streamflow KW - snow KW - fluvial features KW - drainage basins KW - hydrodynamics KW - water regimes KW - seasonal variations KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832728177?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Value+of+long-term+streamflow+forecasts+to+reservoir+operations+for+water+supply+in+snow-dominated+river+catchments&rft.au=Anghileri%2C+Daniela%3BVoisin%2C+N%3BCastelletti%2C+A%3BPianosi%2C+F%3BNijssen%2C+B%3BLettenmaier%2C+D+P&rft.aulast=Anghileri&rft.aufirst=Daniela&rft.date=2016-06-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=4209&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2015WR017864 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 57 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-27 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - annual variations; California; catchment hydrodynamics; drainage basins; Feather River; fluvial features; hydrodynamics; hydrology; Oroville Reservoir; prediction; reservoirs; rivers; Sacramento County California; San Francisco Bay region; seasonal variations; snow; streamflow; United States; water management; water regimes; water supply DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015WR017864 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of deep vadose zone contaminant flux into ground water; approach and case study AN - 1832668029; 778057-4 AB - For sites with a contaminant source located in the vadose zone, the nature and extent of groundwater contaminant plumes are a function of the contaminant flux from the vadose zone to groundwater. Especially for thick vadose zones, transport may be relatively slow making it difficult to directly measure contaminant flux. An integrated assessment approach, supported by site characterization and monitoring data, is presented to explain current vadose zone contaminant distributions and to estimate future contaminant flux to groundwater in support of remediation decisions. The U.S. Department of Energy Hanford Site (WA, USA) SX Tank Farm was used as a case study because of a large existing contaminant inventory in its deep vadose zone, the presence of a limited-extent groundwater plume, and the relatively large amount of available data for the site. A predictive quantitative analysis was applied to refine a baseline conceptual model through the completion of a series of targeted simulations. The analysis revealed that site recharge is the most important flux-controlling process for future contaminant flux. Tank leak characteristics and subsurface heterogeneities appear to have a limited effect on long-term contaminant flux into groundwater. The occurrence of the current technetium-99 groundwater plume was explained by taking into account a considerable historical water-line leak adjacent to one of the tanks. The analysis further indicates that the vast majority of technetium-99 is expected to migrate into the groundwater during the next century. The approach provides a template for use in evaluating contaminant flux to groundwater using existing site data and has elements that are relevant to other disposal sites with a thick vadose zone. Abstract Copyright (2016) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Oostrom, M AU - Truex, M J AU - Last, G V AU - Strickland, C E AU - Tartakovsky, G D Y1 - 2016/06// PY - 2016 DA - June 2016 SP - 27 EP - 43 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 189 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - United States KW - tomography KW - solute transport KW - contaminant plumes KW - isotopes KW - unsaturated zone KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - spatial distribution KW - radioactive isotopes KW - cesium KW - transport KW - water pollution KW - Washington KW - pollutants KW - alkali metals KW - solutes KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - properties KW - migration of elements KW - resistivity KW - depth KW - case studies KW - recharge KW - Cs-137 KW - metals KW - mobilization KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832668029?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Pore-scale+evaluation+of+uranyl+phosphate+precipitation+in+a+model+groundwater+system&rft.au=Fanizza%2C+Michael+F%3BYoon%2C+Hongkyu%3BZhang%2C+Changyong%3BOostrom%2C+Martinus%3BWietsma%2C+Thomas+W%3BHess%2C+Nancy+J%3BBowden%2C+Mark+E%3BStrathmann%2C+Timothy+J%3BFinneran%2C+Kevin+T%3BWerth%2C+Charles+J&rft.aulast=Fanizza&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2013-02-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=874&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fwrcr.20088 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Number of references - 47 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; case studies; cesium; contaminant plumes; Cs-137; depth; ground water; Hanford Site; isotopes; metals; migration of elements; mobilization; pollutants; pollution; prediction; properties; radioactive isotopes; recharge; remediation; resistivity; solute transport; solutes; spatial distribution; tomography; transport; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington; water pollution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2016.03.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chemical effects of carbon dioxide sequestration in the Upper Morrow Sandstone in the Farnsworth, Texas, hydrocarbon unit AN - 1812211519; 2016-070807 AB - Numerical geochemical modeling was used to study the effects on pore-water composition and mineralogy from carbon dioxide (CO (sub 2) ) injection into the Pennsylvanian Morrow B Sandstone in the Farnsworth Unit in northern Texas to evaluate its potential for long-term CO (sub 2) sequestration. Speciation modeling showed the present Morrow B formation water to be supersaturated with respect to an assemblage of zeolite, clay, carbonate, mica, and aluminum hydroxide minerals and quartz. The principal accessory minerals in the Morrow B, feldspars and chlorite, were predicted to dissolve. A reaction-path model in which CO (sub 2) was progressively added up to its solubility limit into the Morrow B formation water showed a decrease in pH from its initial value of 7 to approximately 4.1 to 4.2, accompanied by the precipitation of small amounts of quartz, diaspore, and witherite. As the resultant CO (sub 2) -charged fluid reacted with more of the Morrow B mineral matrix, the model predicted a rise in pH, reaching a maximum of 5.1 to 5.2 at a water-rock ratio of 10:1. At a higher water-rock ratio of 100:1, the pH rose to only 4.6 to 4.7. Diaspore, quartz, and nontronite precipitated consistently regardless of the water-rock ratio, but the carbonate minerals siderite, witherite, dolomite, and calcite precipitated at higher pH values only. As a result, CO (sub 2) sequestration by mineral trapping was predicted to be important only at low water-rock ratios, accounting for a maximum of 2% of the added CO (sub 2) at the lowest water-rock ratio investigated of 10:1, which corresponds to a small porosity increase of approximately 0.14% to 0.15%. JF - Environmental Geosciences AU - Ahmmed, Bulbul AU - Appold, Martin S AU - Fan, Tianguang AU - McPherson, Brian J O L AU - Grigg, Reid B AU - White, Mark D Y1 - 2016/06// PY - 2016 DA - June 2016 SP - 81 EP - 93 PB - American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG), Division of Environmental Geosciences, Tulsa, OK VL - 23 IS - 2 SN - 1075-9565, 1075-9565 KW - silicates KW - calcium KW - Pennsylvanian KW - halogens KW - suspended materials KW - aqueous solutions KW - carbon dioxide KW - sedimentary rocks KW - Ochiltree County Texas KW - mineral composition KW - Farnsworth Unit KW - zeolite group KW - framework silicates KW - reduction KW - mineral assemblages KW - pH KW - carbonate ion KW - Paleozoic KW - Carboniferous KW - solutes KW - Texas KW - solubility KW - bicarbonate ion KW - porosity KW - models KW - chlorite KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - carbonate rocks KW - feldspar group KW - carbonates KW - chemical fractionation KW - United States KW - Morrow B Sandstone KW - alteration KW - dolostone KW - ground water KW - mitigation KW - chemical reactions KW - water-rock interaction KW - chemical properties KW - chlorite group KW - chemical composition KW - chlorine KW - alkaline earth metals KW - toxic materials KW - carbon sequestration KW - Anadarko Basin KW - oxidation KW - host rocks KW - injection KW - alkali metals KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - sodium KW - nontronite KW - clay minerals KW - witherite KW - saturation KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - sheet silicates KW - reservoir properties KW - greenhouse gases KW - Morrow Formation KW - Farnsworth Texas KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1812211519?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geosciences&rft.atitle=Chemical+effects+of+carbon+dioxide+sequestration+in+the+Upper+Morrow+Sandstone+in+the+Farnsworth%2C+Texas%2C+hydrocarbon+unit&rft.au=Ahmmed%2C+Bulbul%3BAppold%2C+Martin+S%3BFan%2C+Tianguang%3BMcPherson%2C+Brian+J+O+L%3BGrigg%2C+Reid+B%3BWhite%2C+Mark+D&rft.aulast=Ahmmed&rft.aufirst=Bulbul&rft.date=2016-06-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=81&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geosciences&rft.issn=10759565&rft_id=info:doi/10.1306%2Feg.09031515006 L2 - http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/bsc/ege LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 28 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. strat. col., 2 tables, geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; alkaline earth metals; alteration; Anadarko Basin; aqueous solutions; bicarbonate ion; calcium; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; carbonate ion; carbonate rocks; carbonates; Carboniferous; chemical composition; chemical fractionation; chemical properties; chemical reactions; chlorine; chlorite; chlorite group; clay minerals; dolostone; Farnsworth Texas; Farnsworth Unit; feldspar group; framework silicates; greenhouse gases; ground water; halogens; host rocks; hydrocarbons; injection; metals; mineral assemblages; mineral composition; mitigation; models; Morrow B Sandstone; Morrow Formation; nontronite; Ochiltree County Texas; organic compounds; oxidation; Paleozoic; Pennsylvanian; pH; pollution; porosity; porous materials; precipitation; prediction; reduction; reservoir properties; saturation; sedimentary rocks; sheet silicates; silicates; sodium; solubility; solutes; suspended materials; Texas; toxic materials; United States; water-rock interaction; witherite; zeolite group DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1306/eg.09031515006 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Airborne soil organic particles generated by precipitation AN - 1808730966; PQ0003237134 AB - Airborne organic particles play a critical role in Earth's climate, public health, air quality, and hydrological and carbon cycles. However, sources and formation mechanisms for semi-solid and solid organic particles are poorly understood and typically neglected in atmospheric models. Laboratory evidence suggests that fine particles can be formed from impaction of mineral surfaces by droplets. Here, we use chemical imaging of particles collected following rain events in the Southern Great Plains, Oklahoma, USA and after experimental irrigation to show that raindrop impaction of soils generates solid organic particles. We find that after rain events, sub-micrometre solid particles, with a chemical composition consistent with soil organic matter, contributed up to 60% of atmospheric particles. Our irrigation experiments indicate that intensive water impaction is sufficient to cause ejection of airborne soil organic particles from the soil surface. Chemical imaging and micro-spectroscopy analysis of particle physico-chemical properties suggest that these particles may have important impacts on cloud formation and efficiently absorb solar radiation. We suggest that raindrop-induced formation of solid organic particles from soils may be a widespread phenomenon in ecosystems such as agricultural systems and grasslands where soils are exposed to strong, episodic precipitation events. JF - Nature Geoscience AU - Wang, Bingbing AU - Harder, Tristan H AU - Kelly, Stephen T AU - Piens, Dominique S AU - China, Swarup AU - Kovarik, Libor AU - Keiluweit, Marco AU - Arey, Bruce W AU - Gilles, Mary K AU - Laskin, Alexander AD - William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA Y1 - 2016/06// PY - 2016 DA - June 2016 SP - 433 EP - 437 PB - Nature Publishing Group, The Macmillan Building London N1 9XW United Kingdom VL - 9 IS - 6 SN - 1752-0894, 1752-0894 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Cloud formation KW - Ecosystems KW - Air quality KW - Solar radiation KW - Atmospheric models KW - Models KW - Public health KW - USA, Oklahoma KW - Soil KW - Hydrologic Models KW - Carbon KW - Soils KW - Atmospheric precipitations KW - Atmospheric pollution KW - Hydrologic analysis KW - Chemical composition KW - Organic matter KW - Physicochemical properties KW - Climate KW - Irrigation KW - Carbon cycle KW - Solids KW - Soils (organic) KW - Precipitation KW - Soil Organic Matter KW - imaging KW - Imaging techniques KW - Soil Surfaces KW - Clouds KW - Grasslands KW - USA, Great Plains KW - Rain KW - Minerals KW - Q2 09102:Institutes and organizations KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - SW 0810:General KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1808730966?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Geoscience&rft.atitle=Airborne+soil+organic+particles+generated+by+precipitation&rft.au=Wang%2C+Bingbing%3BHarder%2C+Tristan+H%3BKelly%2C+Stephen+T%3BPiens%2C+Dominique+S%3BChina%2C+Swarup%3BKovarik%2C+Libor%3BKeiluweit%2C+Marco%3BArey%2C+Bruce+W%3BGilles%2C+Mary+K%3BLaskin%2C+Alexander&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Bingbing&rft.date=2016-06-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=433&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+Geoscience&rft.issn=17520894&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fngeo2705 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atmospheric precipitations; Chemical composition; Carbon; Organic matter; Irrigation; Soils; Solar radiation; Imaging techniques; Public health; Climate; Physicochemical properties; Carbon cycle; Soils (organic); Precipitation; imaging; Models; Soil; Clouds; Grasslands; Rain; Minerals; Cloud formation; Hydrologic analysis; Atmospheric pollution; Ecosystems; Air quality; Atmospheric models; Hydrologic Models; Solids; Soil Organic Matter; Soil Surfaces; USA, Oklahoma; USA, Great Plains DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2705 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In situ non-destructive measurement of biofilm thickness and topology in an interferometric optical microscope AN - 1808713630; PQ0003231788 AB - Biofilms are ubiquitous and impact the environment, human health, dental hygiene, and a wide range of industrial processes. Biofilms are difficult to characterize when fully hydrated, especially in a non-destructive manner, because of their soft structure and water-like bulk properties. Herein a method of measuring and monitoring the thickness and topology of live biofilms of using white light interferometry is described. Using this technique, surface morphology, surface roughness, and biofilm thickness were measured over time without while the biofilm continued to grow. The thickness and surface topology of a P. putida biofilm were monitored growing from initial colonization to a mature biofilm. Measured thickness followed expected trends for bacterial growth. Surface roughness also increased over time and was a leading indicator of biofilm growth. Biofilms impact industrial processes, fuel efficiency of ships, and human health. White light interferometric optical microscopy was used to non-destructively observe the thickness and topology of live biofilms as they colonized surfaces. Increase in surface roughness was a leading indicator of biofilm growth. JF - Journal of Biophotonics AU - Larimer, Curtis AU - Suter, Jonathan D AU - Bonheyo, George AU - Addleman, Raymond Shane AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Battelle for the USDOE, PO Box 999, MSIN P7-50, Richland, WA, 99354, USA. Y1 - 2016/06// PY - 2016 DA - June 2016 SP - 656 EP - 666 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 9 IS - 6 SN - 1864-063X, 1864-063X KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Colonization KW - Microscopes KW - Fuels KW - Microscopy KW - Biofilms KW - Dental hygiene KW - Light effects KW - W 30950:Waste Treatment & Pollution Clean-up UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1808713630?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Biophotonics&rft.atitle=In+situ+non-destructive+measurement+of+biofilm+thickness+and+topology+in+an+interferometric+optical+microscope&rft.au=Larimer%2C+Curtis%3BSuter%2C+Jonathan+D%3BBonheyo%2C+George%3BAddleman%2C+Raymond+Shane&rft.aulast=Larimer&rft.aufirst=Curtis&rft.date=2016-06-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=656&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Biophotonics&rft.issn=1864063X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fjbio.201500212 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Colonization; Fuels; Microscopes; Microscopy; Biofilms; Dental hygiene; Light effects DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbio.201500212 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Controlling activity and selectivity using water in the Au-catalysed preferential oxidation of CO in H sub(2) AN - 1808664393; PQ0003183136 AB - Industrial hydrogen production through methane steam reforming exceeds 50 million tons annually and accounts for 2-5% of global energy consumption. The hydrogen product, even after processing by the water-gas shift, still typically contains 1% CO, which must be removed for many applications. Methanation (CO+3H sub(2) arrow right CH sub(4)+H sub(2)O) is an effective solution to this problem, but consumes 5-15% of the generated hydrogen. The preferential oxidation (PROX) of CO with O sub(2) in hydrogen represents a more-efficient solution. Supported gold nanoparticles, with their high CO-oxidation activity and notoriously low hydrogenation activity, have long been examined as PROX catalysts, but have shown disappointingly low activity and selectivity. Here we show that, under the proper conditions, a commercial Au/Al sub(2)O sub(3) catalyst can remove CO to below 10ppm and still maintain an O sub(2)-to-CO sub(2) selectivity of 80-90%. The key to maximizing the catalyst activity and selectivity is to carefully control the feed-flow rate and maintain one to two monolayers of water (a key CO-oxidation co-catalyst) on the catalyst surface. JF - Nature Chemistry AU - Saavedra, Johnny AU - Whittaker, Todd AU - Chen, Zhifeng AU - Pursell, Christopher J AU - Rioux, Robert M AU - Chandler, Bert D AD - Department of Chemistry, Trinity University, San Antonio, Texas 78212-7200, USA; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA Y1 - 2016/06// PY - 2016 DA - June 2016 SP - 584 EP - 589 PB - Nature Publishing Group, The Macmillan Building London N1 9XW United Kingdom VL - 8 IS - 6 SN - 1755-4330, 1755-4330 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Methane KW - Oxidation KW - Catalysts KW - Hydrogen KW - Energy consumption KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1808664393?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Controlling+activity+and+selectivity+using+water+in+the+Au-catalysed+preferential+oxidation+of+CO+in+H+sub%282%29&rft.au=Saavedra%2C+Johnny%3BWhittaker%2C+Todd%3BChen%2C+Zhifeng%3BPursell%2C+Christopher+J%3BRioux%2C+Robert+M%3BChandler%2C+Bert+D&rft.aulast=Saavedra&rft.aufirst=Johnny&rft.date=2016-06-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=584&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+Chemistry&rft.issn=17554330&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnchem.2494 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Methane; Oxidation; Energy consumption; Hydrogen; Catalysts DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nchem.2494 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tunable Oxygen Functional Groups as Electrocatalysts on Graphite Felt Surfaces for All-Vanadium Flow Batteries AN - 1808650609; PQ0003391156 AB - A dual oxidative approach using O sub(2) plasma followed by treatment with H sub(2)O sub(2) to impart oxygen functional groups onto the surface of a graphite felt electrode. When used as electrodes for an all-vanadium redox flow battery (VRB) system, the energy efficiency of the cell is enhanced by 8.2% at a current density of 150mAcm super(-2) compared with one oxidized by thermal treatment in air. More importantly, by varying the oxidative techniques, the amount and type of oxygen groups was tailored and their effects were elucidated. It was found that O-C=O groups improve the cells performance whereas the C-O and C=O groups degrade it. The reason for the increased performance was found to be a reduction in the cell overpotential after functionalization of the graphite felt electrode. This work reveals a route for functionalizing carbon electrodes to improve the performance of VRB cells. This approach can lower the cost of VRB cells and pave the way for more commercially viable stationary energy storage systems that can be used for intermittent renewable energy storage. Tunable batteries: A dual oxidative approach using O sub(2) plasma followed by treatment with H sub(2)O sub(2) was used to tailor the amount and type of oxygen functional groups on the surface of a graphite felt electrode. It was found that O-C=O groups improve the cells performance whereas the C-O and C=O groups degrade it. The reason for the increased performance was found to be a reduction in the cell overpotential after functionalization of the graphite felt electrode. JF - ChemSusChem AU - Estevez, Luis AU - Reed, David AU - Nie, Zimin AU - Schwarz, Ashleigh M AU - Nandasiri, Manjula I AU - Kizewski, James P AU - Wang, Wei AU - Thomsen, Edwin AU - Liu, Jun AU - Zhang, Ji-Guang AU - Sprenkle, Vincent AU - Li, Bin AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA, 99352, USA. Y1 - 2016/06// PY - 2016 DA - June 2016 SP - 1455 EP - 1461 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD United Kingdom VL - 9 IS - 12 SN - 1864-5631, 1864-5631 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Flow KW - Redox reactions KW - Resource management KW - Graphite KW - Density KW - Storage KW - Costs KW - Oxygen KW - Renewable resources KW - Carbon KW - Batteries KW - Energy KW - Electrodes KW - Conservation KW - Environment management KW - SW 0810:General KW - Q2 09183:Physics and chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1808650609?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ChemSusChem&rft.atitle=Tunable+Oxygen+Functional+Groups+as+Electrocatalysts+on+Graphite+Felt+Surfaces+for+All-Vanadium+Flow+Batteries&rft.au=Estevez%2C+Luis%3BReed%2C+David%3BNie%2C+Zimin%3BSchwarz%2C+Ashleigh+M%3BNandasiri%2C+Manjula+I%3BKizewski%2C+James+P%3BWang%2C+Wei%3BThomsen%2C+Edwin%3BLiu%2C+Jun%3BZhang%2C+Ji-Guang%3BSprenkle%2C+Vincent%3BLi%2C+Bin&rft.aulast=Estevez&rft.aufirst=Luis&rft.date=2016-06-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1455&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ChemSusChem&rft.issn=18645631&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fcssc.201600198 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Redox reactions; Resource management; Renewable resources; Carbon; Graphite; Batteries; Conservation; Environment management; Costs; Flow; Storage; Oxygen; Density; Energy; Electrodes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cssc.201600198 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating the long-term hydrology of an evapotranspiration-capillary barrier with a 1000 year design life AN - 1808644448; PQ0003486432 AB - A surface barrier is a commonly used technology for isolation of subsurface contaminants. Surface barriers for isolating radioactive waste are expected to perform for centuries to millennia, yet there are very few data for field-scale surface barriers for periods approaching a decade or longer. The Prototype Hanford Barrier (PHB) with a design life of 1000 years was constructed over an existing radioactive waste site in 1994 to demonstrate its long-term performance. The primary element of the PHB is an evapotranspiration-capillary (ETC) barrier in which precipitation water is stored in a fine-textured soil layer and later released to the atmosphere via evapotranspiration. To address the barrier performance under extreme conditions, this study included an enhanced precipitation stress test from 1995 to 1997 to determine barrier response to extreme precipitation events. During this period a 1000 year 24 h return rainstorm was simulated in March every year. The loss of vegetation on barrier hydrology was tested with a controlled fire test in 2008. The 19 year monitoring record shows that the store-and-release mechanism worked as well as or better than the design criterion. Average drainage from the ETC barrier amounted to an average of 0.005 mm yr super(-1), which is well below the design criterion of 0.5 mm yr super(-1). After a simulated wildfire, the naturally reestablished vegetation and increased evaporation combined to release the stored water and summer precipitation to the atmosphere such that drainage did not occur in the 5 years subsequent to the fire. Key Points * Field-scale surface barrier limited drainage to <0.2 mm yr super(-1) for 19 years * Seasonal water content variations demonstrate store-and-release concept * Stress tests demonstrate that barrier will function under the conditions of enhanced precipitation and loss of vegetation JF - Water Resources Research AU - Zhang, ZFred AD - Hydrology Group, Earth Systems Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA. Y1 - 2016/06// PY - 2016 DA - June 2016 SP - 4883 EP - 4904 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ United States VL - 52 IS - 6 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - INE, USA, Washington, Hanford KW - Barriers KW - Evaporation KW - Prototypes KW - Water resources KW - Atmosphere KW - Soils KW - Hydrology KW - Atmospheric precipitations KW - Radioactive Wastes KW - Fires KW - Drainage KW - Storage life KW - Radioactive wastes KW - Vegetation KW - Stress KW - Evapotranspiration KW - Precipitation KW - Rainstorms KW - Water resources research KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q2 09127:General papers on resources KW - SW 0810:General KW - M2 556.13:Evaporation/Evapotranspiration (556.13) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1808644448?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Evaluating+the+long-term+hydrology+of+an+evapotranspiration-capillary+barrier+with+a+1000+year+design+life&rft.au=Zhang%2C+ZFred&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=ZFred&rft.date=2016-06-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=4883&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2015WR018167 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atmospheric precipitations; Barriers; Prototypes; Storage life; Soils; Radioactive wastes; Water resources; Hydrology; Evapotranspiration; Rainstorms; Fires; Evaporation; Drainage; Precipitation; Water resources research; Radioactive Wastes; Stress; Vegetation; Atmosphere; INE, USA, Washington, Hanford DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015WR018167 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A meridional dipole in premonsoon Bay of Bengal tropical cyclone activity induced by ENSO AN - 1808630476; PQ0003467531 AB - Analysis of Bay of Bengal tropical cyclone (TC) track data for the months of May-June during 1979-2014 reveals a meridional dipole in TC intensification: TC intensification rates increased significantly in the northern region and decreased in the southern region. The dipole is consistent with changes in the large-scale TC environment estimated using the Genesis Potential Index (GPI) for the same period. While an increase in lower troposphere cyclonic vorticity and midtroposphere humidity in the northern Bay of Bengal made the environment more favorable for TC intensification, enhanced vertical wind shear in the southern Bay of Bengal tended to reduce TC development. These environmental changes were associated with a strengthening of the monsoon circulation for the months of May-June, driven by a La Nina-like shift in tropical Pacific SSTs and associated tropical wave dynamics. Finally, analysis of a suite of climate models from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 archive shows that most models correctly reproduce the link between ENSO and premonsoon Bay of Bengal TC activity at interannual timescales, demonstrating the robustness of our main conclusions. Key Points * Changes in TC intensification during the premonsoon months of May-June in the Bay of Bengal resemble a meridional dipole * These changes in TC activity are consistent with those in the environment that suggest a strengthening of May-June monsoon circulation * Decadal changes in ENSO impacted premonsoon Bay of Bengal TC activity through remote teleconnection mechanisms JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres AU - Balaguru, Karthik AU - Leung, LRuby AU - Lu, Jian AU - Foltz, Gregory R AD - Marine Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Seattle, Washington, USA. Y1 - 2016/06// PY - 2016 DA - June 2016 SP - 6954 EP - 6968 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ United States VL - 121 IS - 12 SN - 2169-897X, 2169-897X KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Climatic changes KW - Tropical cyclones KW - Atmospheric circulation-oceanic circulation coupled models KW - IS, Tropical Pacific KW - Tropical Cyclones KW - El Nino KW - Ocean-atmosphere system KW - Waves KW - Sea surface temperatures KW - Wind KW - Modelling KW - El Nino phenomena KW - Teleconnections KW - Marine KW - Climate models KW - Climates KW - Humidity KW - Southern Oscillation KW - Vertical wind shear KW - Hurricanes KW - Bay of Bengal KW - Tropical cyclone activity KW - Lower troposphere KW - El Nino-Southern Oscillation event KW - Monsoon circulation KW - Vorticity KW - Monsoons KW - SW 0810:General KW - M2 551.588:Environmental Influences (551.588) KW - Q2 09182:Methods and instruments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1808630476?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.atitle=A+meridional+dipole+in+premonsoon+Bay+of+Bengal+tropical+cyclone+activity+induced+by+ENSO&rft.au=Balaguru%2C+Karthik%3BLeung%2C+LRuby%3BLu%2C+Jian%3BFoltz%2C+Gregory+R&rft.aulast=Balaguru&rft.aufirst=Karthik&rft.date=2016-06-01&rft.volume=121&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=6954&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.issn=2169897X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2016JD024936 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hurricanes; Climatic changes; Ocean-atmosphere system; Humidity; Teleconnections; El Nino phenomena; Modelling; Southern Oscillation; Monsoons; Vertical wind shear; Tropical cyclone activity; Climate models; Lower troposphere; Vorticity; Monsoon circulation; El Nino-Southern Oscillation event; Tropical cyclones; Sea surface temperatures; Atmospheric circulation-oceanic circulation coupled models; Tropical Cyclones; El Nino; Climates; Waves; Wind; Bay of Bengal; IS, Tropical Pacific; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2016JD024936 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Desorption mechanisms of phosphate from ferrihydrite and goethite surfaces AN - 1803773933; 2016-062682 AB - The fate of phosphate in the environment is governed by reactions at particle surfaces. These adsorption and desorption reactions display biphasic kinetics involving an initial rapid reaction followed by a substantially slower one extending over long time periods. In this study we have investigated the molecular mechanisms of desorption kinetics of phosphate from ferrihydrite and goethite nanoparticles in the absence of competing ligands. Desorption was studied by means of in-situ infrared (IR) spectroscopy over a wide pH range and a time period of 24 h. The spectroscopic data sets were subjected to multivariate curve resolution alternating least squares (MCR-ALS), which enabled the resolution of surface species characterized by unique IR spectra together with their corresponding kinetic profiles. The desorption results showed the typical biphasic behavior and that increasing positive surface charge of ferrihydrite and goethite slowed down desorption of the negatively charged phosphate ions. Moreover, diprotonated phosphate desorbed faster than monoprotonated phosphate at a given pH. At circumneutral pH values desorption from ferrihydrite was substantially faster as compared to goethite, and this could be ascribed to electrostatic effects and differences in charging between ferrihydrite and goethite. The collective desorption results were explained by a model, consisting of a series monodentate phosphate surface complexes in different protonation states, in conjunction with a description that accounts for the electrostatic effects on desorption kinetics at charged mineral-water interfaces. The fast and slow desorption followed directly from this model and indicated that biphasic kinetics can be caused by a single phosphate surface complex as a result of decreasing surface coverage along with the lateral repulsive interactions between adsorbed phosphate groups. Hence, in contrast to previous models our study has shown that biphasic desorption kinetics do not have to involve several different structural complexes related to either weak and strong sites or a distribution of phosphate between external surfaces and mineral pores. Abstract Copyright (2016) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Chemical Geology AU - Krumina, Lelde AU - Kenney, Janice P L AU - Loring, John S AU - Persson, Per Y1 - 2016/06/01/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Jun 01 SP - 54 EP - 64 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 427 SN - 0009-2541, 0009-2541 KW - desorption KW - iron oxides KW - goethite KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - electrostatic properties KW - infrared spectra KW - chemical reactions KW - water-rock interaction KW - multivariate analysis KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - synthesis KW - kinetics KW - pH KW - experimental studies KW - statistical analysis KW - electron microscopy data KW - phosphates KW - adsorption KW - ferrihydrite KW - TEM data KW - least-squares analysis KW - models KW - crystal chemistry KW - nanoparticles KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1803773933?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Geology&rft.atitle=Desorption+mechanisms+of+phosphate+from+ferrihydrite+and+goethite+surfaces&rft.au=Krumina%2C+Lelde%3BKenney%2C+Janice+P+L%3BLoring%2C+John+S%3BPersson%2C+Per&rft.aulast=Krumina&rft.aufirst=Lelde&rft.date=2016-06-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1070&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FAEM.02864-12 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00092541 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 42 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-14 N1 - CODEN - CHGEAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; chemical reactions; crystal chemistry; desorption; electron microscopy data; electrostatic properties; experimental studies; ferrihydrite; goethite; infrared spectra; iron oxides; kinetics; least-squares analysis; models; multivariate analysis; nanoparticles; oxides; pH; phosphates; spectra; statistical analysis; synthesis; TEM data; water-rock interaction; X-ray diffraction data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2016.02.016 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Urine and serum biomonitoring of exposure to environmental estrogens I: Bisphenol A in pregnant women. AN - 1788226155; 27038865 AB - Despite its very low oral bioavailability and rapid elimination, multiple reports of unexpectedly high bisphenol A (BPA) concentrations in the serum of pregnant mothers or cord blood have raised questions about BPA exposures during pregnancy. Thirty healthy pregnant women recruited to the study were evaluated for total BPA exposure over a 30-h period comprising one-half day in the field and one day in a clinical setting. BPA and its metabolites were measured in serum and total BPA was measured in matching urine samples. The mean total exposure was similar to the 50(th) percentile of exposure for U.S. women and pregnant women in a large North American cohort. Twenty volunteers had total daily exposures equal to or exceeding the U.S. mean, and six volunteers had exposures exceeding the 75th percentile. Women working as cashiers did not have higher total BPA exposure. BPA was detected in some serum samples (0.25-0.51 ng/ml), but showed no relationship to total BPA in corresponding urine samples, no relationship to total BPA exposure, and had unconjugated BPA fractions of 60-80%, consistent with established criteria for sample contamination. We conclude that typical exposures of North American pregnant women produce internal exposures to BPA in the picomolar range. JF - Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association AU - Teeguarden, Justin G AU - Twaddle, Nathan C AU - Churchwell, Mona I AU - Doerge, Daniel R AD - Health Effects and Exposure Science, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, United States; Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 93771, United States. Electronic address: justin.teeguarden@pnl.gov. ; Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, United States. Electronic address: nathan.twaddle@fda.hhs.gov. ; Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, United States. Electronic address: mona.churchwell@fda.hhs.gov. ; Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, United States. Electronic address: daniel.doerge@fda.hhs.gov. Y1 - 2016/06// PY - 2016 DA - June 2016 SP - 129 EP - 142 VL - 92 KW - Index Medicus KW - Bisphenol A KW - Exposure KW - Endocrine disruptors KW - Biomonitoring KW - Pharmacokinetics KW - Pregnancy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1788226155?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food+and+chemical+toxicology+%3A+an+international+journal+published+for+the+British+Industrial+Biological+Research+Association&rft.atitle=Urine+and+serum+biomonitoring+of+exposure+to+environmental+estrogens+I%3A+Bisphenol+A+in+pregnant+women.&rft.au=Teeguarden%2C+Justin+G%3BTwaddle%2C+Nathan+C%3BChurchwell%2C+Mona+I%3BDoerge%2C+Daniel+R&rft.aulast=Teeguarden&rft.aufirst=Justin&rft.date=2016-06-01&rft.volume=92&rft.issue=&rft.spage=129&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Food+and+chemical+toxicology+%3A+an+international+journal+published+for+the+British+Industrial+Biological+Research+Association&rft.issn=1873-6351&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.fct.2016.03.023 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-05-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2016.03.023 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Glass-water interaction; effect of high valence cations on glass structure and chemical durability AN - 1800392429; 2016-056405 AB - Borosilicate glass is a durable solid, but it dissolves when in contact with aqueous fluids. The dissolution mechanism, which involves a variety of sequential reactions that occur at the solid-fluid interface, has important implications for the corrosion resistance of industrial and nuclear waste glasses. In this study, spectroscopic measurements, dissolution experiments, and Monte Carlo simulations were performed to investigate the effect of high-valence cations (HVC) on the mechanisms of glass dissolution under dilute and near-saturated conditions. Raman and NMR spectroscopy were used to determine the structural changes that occur in glass, specifically network formers (e.g., Al, Si, and B), with the addition of the HVC element hafnium in the Na (sub 2) O-Al (sub 2) O (sub 3) -B (sub 2) O (sub 3) -HfO (sub 2) -SiO (sub 2) system (e.g., Na/[Al + B] = 1.0 and HfO (sub 2) /SiO (sub 2) from 0.0 to 0.42). Spectroscopic measurements revealed that increasing hafnium content decreases N (sub 4) (tetrahedral boron/total boron) and increases the amount of Si-O-Hf moieties in the glass. Results from flow-through experiments conducted under dilute and near-saturated conditions show a decrease of approximately 100X or more in the dissolution rate over the series from 0 to 20 mol% HfO (sub 2) . Comparing the average steady-state rates obtained under dilute conditions to the rates obtained for near-saturated conditions reveals a divergence in the magnitude between the average steady state rates measured in these different conditions. The reason for this divergence was investigated more thoroughly using Monte Carlo simulations. Simulations indicate that the divergence in glass dissolution behavior under dilute and near-saturated conditions result from the stronger binding of Si sites that deposit on the surface from the influent when Hf is present in the glass. As a result, the residence time at the glass surface of these newly-formed Si sites is longer in the presence of Hf, which increases the density of anchor sites from which altered layers with higher Si densities can form. These results illustrate the importance of understanding solid-water/solid-fluid interactions by linking macroscopic reaction kinetics to nanometer scale interfacial processes. Abstract Copyright (2016) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Hopf, J AU - Kerisit, S N AU - Angeli, F AU - Charpentier, T AU - Icenhower, J P AU - McGrail, B P AU - Windisch, C F AU - Burton, S D AU - Pierce, E M Y1 - 2016/05/15/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 May 15 SP - 54 EP - 71 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 181 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - silicates KW - volcanic rocks KW - oxygen KW - glasses KW - igneous rocks KW - buffers KW - mass spectra KW - fluid phase KW - crystal structure KW - silicon KW - NMR spectra KW - hafnium KW - chemical reactions KW - water-rock interaction KW - spectra KW - experimental studies KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - MAS NMR spectra KW - solid phase KW - ICP mass spectra KW - borosilicates KW - Raman spectra KW - metals KW - mathematical methods KW - crystal chemistry KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1800392429?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Glass-water+interaction%3B+effect+of+high+valence+cations+on+glass+structure+and+chemical+durability&rft.au=Hopf%2C+J%3BKerisit%2C+S+N%3BAngeli%2C+F%3BCharpentier%2C+T%3BIcenhower%2C+J+P%3BMcGrail%2C+B+P%3BWindisch%2C+C+F%3BBurton%2C+S+D%3BPierce%2C+E+M&rft.aulast=Hopf&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2016-05-15&rft.volume=181&rft.issue=&rft.spage=54&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2016.02.023 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 113 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 7 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-30 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - borosilicates; buffers; chemical reactions; crystal chemistry; crystal structure; experimental studies; fluid phase; glasses; hafnium; ICP mass spectra; igneous rocks; MAS NMR spectra; mass spectra; mathematical methods; metals; Monte Carlo analysis; NMR spectra; oxygen; Raman spectra; silicates; silicon; solid phase; spectra; statistical analysis; volcanic rocks; water-rock interaction DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2016.02.023 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geo- and biogeochemical processes in a heliothermal hypersaline lake AN - 1800391360; 2016-056410 AB - Water chemical variations were investigated over three annual hydrologic cycles in hypersaline, heliothermal, meromictic Hot Lake in north-central Washington State, USA. The lake contains diverse biota with dramatic zonation related to salinity and redox state. Water samples were collected at 10-cm depth intervals through the shallow lake (2.4 m) during 2012-2014, with comprehensive monitoring performed in 2013. Inorganic salt species, dissolved carbon forms (DOC, DIC), oxygen, sulfide, and methane were analyzed in lake water samples. Depth sonde measurements of pH and temperature were also performed to track their seasonal variations. A bathymetric survey of the lake was conducted to enable lake water volume and solute inventory calculations. Sediment cores were collected at low water and analyzed by X-ray diffraction to investigate sediment mineralogy. The primary dissolved salt in Hot Lake water was Mg (super 2+) -SO (sub 4) (super 2-) whereas sediments were dominated by gypsum (CaSO (sub 4) .2H (sub 2) O). Lake water concentrations increased with depth, reaching saturation with epsomite (MgSO (sub 4) .7H (sub 2) O) that was exposed at lake bottom. At maximum volume in spring, Hot Lake exhibited a relatively dilute mixolimnion; a lower saline metalimnion with stratified oxygenic and anoxygenic photosynthetic microbiological communities; and a stable, hypersaline monimolimnion, separated from above layers by a chemocline, containing high levels of sulfide and methane. The thickness of the mixolimnion regulates a heliothermal effect that creates temperatures in excess of 60 degrees C in the underlying metalimnion and monimolimnion. The mixolimnion was dynamic in volume and actively mixed. It displayed large pH variations, in-situ calcium carbonate precipitation, and large evaporative volume losses. The depletion of this layer by fall allowed deeper mixing into the metalimnion, more rapid heat exchange, and lower winter lake temperatures. Solubility calculations indicate seasonal biogenic and thermogenic aragonite precipitation in the mixolimnion and metalimnion, but the absence of calcareous sediments at depth suggests dissolution and recycling during winter months. Dissolved carbon concentrations [dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC)] increased with depth, reaching approximately 0.04 mol/L at the metalimnion-monimolimnion boundary. DIC concentrations were seasonally variable in the mixolimnion and metalimnion, and were influenced by calcium carbonate precipitation. DOC concentrations mimicked those of conservative salts (e.g., Na (super +) -Cl (super -) ) in the mixolimnion and metalimnion, but decreased in the monimolimnion where mass loss by anaerobic microbial processes is implied. Biogenic reduced solutes originating in monimolimnion (H (sub 2) S and CH (sub 4) ) were biologically oxidized in the metalimnion as they were not observed in more shallow lake waters. Multi-year solute inventory calculations indicated that Hot Lake is a stable, albeit seasonally and annually dynamic feature, with inorganic solutes cycled between lake waters and sediments depending on annual recharge, temperature, and lake water dilution state. With its extreme geochemical and thermal regime, Hot Lake functions as analog of early earth and extraterrestrial life environments. Abstract Copyright (2016) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Zachara, John M AU - Moran, James J AU - Resch, Charles T AU - Lindemann, Stephen R AU - Felmy, Andrew R AU - Bowden, Mark E AU - Cory, Alexandra B AU - Fredrickson, James K Y1 - 2016/05/15/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 May 15 SP - 144 EP - 163 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 181 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - United States KW - electrical conductivity KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - north-central Washington KW - lakes KW - mass spectra KW - ecosystems KW - calibration KW - salinity KW - temperature KW - electron probe data KW - mineral composition KW - mass balance KW - gypsum KW - carbon KW - sediments KW - spectra KW - thermodynamic properties KW - hypersaline environment KW - zoning KW - pH KW - Eh KW - Washington KW - sulfates KW - physicochemical properties KW - meromictic lakes KW - biota KW - models KW - ICP mass spectra KW - Hot Lake KW - habitat KW - Okanogan County Washington KW - saturation KW - precipitation KW - chromatograms KW - seasonal variations KW - bathymetry KW - carbonates KW - lake sediments KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1800391360?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Geo-+and+biogeochemical+processes+in+a+heliothermal+hypersaline+lake&rft.au=Zachara%2C+John+M%3BMoran%2C+James+J%3BResch%2C+Charles+T%3BLindemann%2C+Stephen+R%3BFelmy%2C+Andrew+R%3BBowden%2C+Mark+E%3BCory%2C+Alexandra+B%3BFredrickson%2C+James+K&rft.aulast=Zachara&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2016-05-15&rft.volume=181&rft.issue=&rft.spage=144&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2016.02.001 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 105 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-30 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bathymetry; biota; calibration; carbon; carbonates; chromatograms; ecosystems; Eh; electrical conductivity; electron probe data; gypsum; habitat; Hot Lake; hypersaline environment; ICP mass spectra; lake sediments; lakes; mass balance; mass spectra; meromictic lakes; mineral composition; models; north-central Washington; Okanogan County Washington; pH; physicochemical properties; precipitation; salinity; saturation; seasonal variations; sediments; spectra; sulfates; temperature; thermodynamic properties; United States; Washington; X-ray diffraction data; zoning DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2016.02.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Completing the Link between Exposure Science and Toxicology for Improved Environmental Health Decision Making: The Aggregate Exposure Pathway Framework. AN - 1787088266; 26759916 AB - Driven by major scientific advances in analytical methods, biomonitoring, computation, and a newly articulated vision for a greater impact in public health, the field of exposure science is undergoing a rapid transition from a field of observation to a field of prediction. Deployment of an organizational and predictive framework for exposure science analogous to the "systems approaches" used in the biological sciences is a necessary step in this evolution. Here we propose the aggregate exposure pathway (AEP) concept as the natural and complementary companion in the exposure sciences to the adverse outcome pathway (AOP) concept in the toxicological sciences. Aggregate exposure pathways offer an intuitive framework to organize exposure data within individual units of prediction common to the field, setting the stage for exposure forecasting. Looking farther ahead, we envision direct linkages between aggregate exposure pathways and adverse outcome pathways, completing the source to outcome continuum for more meaningful integration of exposure assessment and hazard identification. Together, the two frameworks form and inform a decision-making framework with the flexibility for risk-based, hazard-based, or exposure-based decision making. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Teeguarden, Justin G AU - Tan, Yu-Mei AU - Edwards, Stephen W AU - Leonard, Jeremy A AU - Anderson, Kim A AU - Corley, Richard A AU - Kile, Molly L AU - Simonich, Staci M AU - Stone, David AU - Tanguay, Robert L AU - Waters, Katrina M AU - Harper, Stacey L AU - Williams, David E AD - Health Effects and Exposure Science, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland, Washington 99352, United States. ; National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency , Durham, North Carolina 27709, United States. ; National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency , Durham, North Carolina 27709, United States. ; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States. ; Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University , Corvallis, Oregon 93771, United States. ; School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University , Corvallis, Oregon 93771, United States. Y1 - 2016/05/03/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 May 03 SP - 4579 EP - 4586 VL - 50 IS - 9 KW - Index Medicus UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1787088266?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Completing+the+Link+between+Exposure+Science+and+Toxicology+for+Improved+Environmental+Health+Decision+Making%3A+The+Aggregate+Exposure+Pathway+Framework.&rft.au=Teeguarden%2C+Justin+G%3BTan%2C+Yu-Mei%3BEdwards%2C+Stephen+W%3BLeonard%2C+Jeremy+A%3BAnderson%2C+Kim+A%3BCorley%2C+Richard+A%3BKile%2C+Molly+L%3BSimonich%2C+Staci+M%3BStone%2C+David%3BTanguay%2C+Robert+L%3BWaters%2C+Katrina+M%3BHarper%2C+Stacey+L%3BWilliams%2C+David+E&rft.aulast=Teeguarden&rft.aufirst=Justin&rft.date=2016-05-03&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=4579&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=1520-5851&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Facs.est.5b05311 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-05-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Environ Health Perspect. 2002 Mar;110(3):235-40 [11882473] J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol. 2003 Mar;13(2):100-11 [12679790] Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2005 Aug;14(8):1847-50 [16103423] Risk Anal. 2007 Aug;27(4):979-90 [17958505] J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 2007 Dec;17 Suppl 1:S90-100 [17668010] Environ Sci Technol. 2009 Mar 15;43(6):1670-9 [19368156] Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 2009 Dec;55(3):321-9 [19686794] J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 2010 May;20(3):231-6 [18985077] Environ Toxicol Chem. 2010 Mar;29(3):730-41 [20821501] Toxicol Sci. 2012 Jan;125(1):157-74 [21948869] Environ Sci Technol. 2012 Mar 20;46(6):3046-53 [22324457] Toxicol Sci. 2012 Nov;130(1):33-47 [22859315] Toxicol Sci. 2013 Apr;132(2):327-46 [23358191] J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 2014 Mar-Apr;24(2):208-14 [23801276] Environ Sci Technol. 2014 Nov 4;48(21):12750-9 [25222184] Environ Sci Technol. 2014 Nov 4;48(21):12760-7 [25343693] Toxicol Sci. 2014 Nov;142(1):210-24 [25145659] Toxicol Sci. 2014 Dec;142(2):312-20 [25466378] Toxicol Sci. 2014 Dec;142(2):321-30 [25466379] Chemosphere. 2015 Feb;120:778-92 [25456049] Environ Sci Technol. 2015 Jan 6;49(1):3-9 [25469516] J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 2015 May;25(3):317-23 [25352161] Food Chem Toxicol. 2015 May;79:32-44 [25280924] Food Chem Toxicol. 2015 May;79:45-53 [25542526] Toxicol Sci. 2015 Jul;146(1):170-82 [25904104] J Occup Environ Med. 2015 Jul;57(7):785-94 [26147546] Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 2015 Aug;72(3):673-82 [26071898] Environ Sci Technol. 2015 Aug 4;49(15):8924-31 [26102159] Food Chem Toxicol. 2015 Sep;83:103-10 [26092325] Toxicol Sci. 2015 Sep;147(1):55-67 [26085347] Toxicol Sci. 2015 Nov;148(1):121-36 [26251325] Integr Environ Assess Manag. 2016 Jan;12(1):185-94 [25982489] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b05311 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Appreciation of peer reviewers for 2015 AN - 1808716758; PQ0003230532 AB - Key Points * Journal reviewers perform a valuable service JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres AU - Ghan, Steven AU - Russell, Lynn AU - Crawford, James AU - Langematz, Ulrike AU - Li, Zhanqing AU - Steiner, Allison AU - Zhang, Chidong AU - Leung, LRuby AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA. Y1 - 2016/05// PY - 2016 DA - May 2016 SP - 4335 EP - 4385 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ United States VL - 121 IS - 9 SN - 2169-897X, 2169-897X KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Appreciation KW - SW 0810:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1808716758?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.atitle=Appreciation+of+peer+reviewers+for+2015&rft.au=Ghan%2C+Steven%3BRussell%2C+Lynn%3BCrawford%2C+James%3BLangematz%2C+Ulrike%3BLi%2C+Zhanqing%3BSteiner%2C+Allison%3BZhang%2C+Chidong%3BLeung%2C+LRuby&rft.aulast=Ghan&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2016-05-01&rft.volume=121&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=4335&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.issn=2169897X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2016JD025247 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Appreciation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2016JD025247 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Black carbon mixing state impacts on cloud microphysical properties: Effects of aerosol plume and environmental conditions AN - 1808695174; PQ0003341937 AB - Black carbon (BC) is usually mixed with other aerosol species within individual aerosol particles. This mixture, along with the particles' size and morphology, determines the particles' optical and cloud condensation nuclei properties, and hence black carbon's climate impacts. In this study, the particle-resolved aerosol model PartMC-MOSAIC (Particle Monte Carlo-Model for Simulating Aerosol Interactions and Chemistry) was used to quantify the importance of black carbon mixing state for predicting cloud microphysical quantities. Based on a set of about 100 cloud parcel simulations a process-level analysis framework was developed to attribute the response in cloud microphysical properties to changes in the underlying aerosol population ("plume effect") and the cloud parcel cooling rate ("parcel effect"). In most of the simulations the plume and parcel effects had opposite signs, with the plume effect dominating. The response of cloud droplet number concentration to changes in BC emissions depended on the BC mixing state. When the aerosol population contained mainly aged BC, an increase in BC emission increased cloud droplet number concentrations ("additive effect"). In contrast, when the aerosol population contained mainly fresh BC particles, they act as sinks for condensable gaseous species, resulting in decreasing cloud droplet number concentration as BC emissions were increased ("competition effect"). Additionally, we quantified the error in cloud microphysical quantities when neglecting the information on BC mixing state. The errors ranged from -12% to +45% for the cloud droplet number fraction, from 0% to +1022% for the nucleation-scavenged BC mass fraction, from -12% to +4% for the effective radius, and from -30% to +60% for the relative dispersion. Key Points * Particle-resolved cloud parcel simulations resolving aerosol mixing state are performed * Importance of black carbon particles mixing state is examined for various environmental conditions * Errors in predicting cloud microphysical properties without resolving mixing state are reported JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres AU - Ching, J AU - Riemer, N AU - West, M AD - Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA. Y1 - 2016/05// PY - 2016 DA - May 2016 SP - 5990 EP - 6013 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ United States VL - 121 IS - 10 SN - 2169-897X, 2169-897X KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Aerosol particles KW - Aerosol models KW - Sinks KW - Black carbon aerosols KW - Mixing KW - Aerosol interaction KW - Carbon KW - Interspecific relationships KW - Plumes KW - Modelling KW - Aerosols KW - Climates KW - Environmental impact KW - Simulation KW - Errors KW - Cloud condensation nuclei KW - Cloud droplet concentration KW - Clouds KW - Numerical simulations KW - Condensation KW - Environmental conditions KW - Carbon particles KW - Dispersion KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - SW 0810:General KW - Q2 09105:Research programmes and expeditions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1808695174?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.atitle=Black+carbon+mixing+state+impacts+on+cloud+microphysical+properties%3A+Effects+of+aerosol+plume+and+environmental+conditions&rft.au=Ching%2C+J%3BRiemer%2C+N%3BWest%2C+M&rft.aulast=Ching&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2016-05-01&rft.volume=121&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=5990&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.issn=2169897X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2016JD024851 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aerosols; Carbon; Interspecific relationships; Environmental impact; Simulation; Environmental conditions; Modelling; Dispersion; Aerosol interaction; Clouds; Numerical simulations; Aerosol particles; Aerosol models; Black carbon aerosols; Cloud condensation nuclei; Carbon particles; Cloud droplet concentration; Climates; Sinks; Condensation; Errors; Plumes; Mixing DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2016JD024851 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Classification of hydrological parameter sensitivity and evaluation of parameter transferability across 431 US MOPEX basins AN - 1800394124; 2016-056232 AB - The Community Land Model (CLM) represents physical, chemical, and biological processes of the terrestrial ecosystems that interact with climate across a range of spatial and temporal scales. As CLM includes numerous sub-models and associated parameters, the high-dimensional parameter space presents a formidable challenge for quantifying uncertainty and improving Earth system predictions needed to assess environmental changes and risks. This study aims to evaluate the potential of transferring hydrologic model parameters in CLM through sensitivity analyses and classification across watersheds from the Model Parameter Estimation Experiment (MOPEX) in the United States. The sensitivity of CLM-simulated water and energy fluxes to hydrological parameters across 431 MOPEX basins are first examined using an efficient stochastic sampling-based sensitivity analysis approach. Linear, interaction, and high-order nonlinear impacts are all identified via statistical tests and stepwise backward removal parameter screening. The basins are then classified according to their parameter sensitivity patterns (internal attributes), as well as their hydrologic indices/attributes (external hydrologic factors) separately, using Principal component analysis (PCA) and expectation-maximization (EM) - based clustering approach. Similarities and differences among the parameter sensitivity-based classification system (S-Class), the hydrologic indices-based classification (H-Class), and the Koppen climate classification systems (K-Class) are discussed. Within each parameter sensitivity-based classification system (S-Class) with similar parameter sensitivity characteristics, similar inversion modeling setups can be used for parameter calibration, and the parameters and their contribution or significance to water and energy cycling may also be more transferrable. This classification study provides guidance on identifiable parameters, and on parameterization and inverse model design for CLM but the methodology is applicable to other models. A set of experiments of model calibration were conducted to evaluate the transferability of model calibration strategies and parameter values within and between the classes. It was demonstrated that inverting parameters at representative sites belonging to the same class can significantly reduce parameter calibration efforts. Abstract Copyright (2016) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Journal of Hydrology AU - Ren, Huiying AU - Hou, Zhangshuan AU - Huang, Maoyi AU - Bao, Jie AU - Sun, Yu AU - Tesfa, Teklu AU - Leung, L Ruby Y1 - 2016/05// PY - 2016 DA - May 2016 SP - 92 EP - 108 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 536 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - United States KW - experimental studies KW - principal components analysis KW - surface water KW - statistical analysis KW - optimization KW - inverse problem KW - calibration KW - MOPEX KW - community land model KW - models KW - sensitivity analysis KW - runoff KW - mathematical methods KW - classification KW - drainage basins KW - model parameter estimation experiment KW - climate KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1800394124?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Classification+of+hydrological+parameter+sensitivity+and+evaluation+of+parameter+transferability+across+431+US+MOPEX+basins&rft.au=Ren%2C+Huiying%3BHou%2C+Zhangshuan%3BHuang%2C+Maoyi%3BBao%2C+Jie%3BSun%2C+Yu%3BTesfa%2C+Teklu%3BLeung%2C+L+Ruby&rft.aulast=Ren&rft.aufirst=Huiying&rft.date=2016-05-01&rft.volume=536&rft.issue=&rft.spage=92&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jhydrol.2016.02.042 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00221694 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 72 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-30 N1 - CODEN - JHYDA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - calibration; classification; climate; community land model; drainage basins; experimental studies; inverse problem; mathematical methods; model parameter estimation experiment; models; MOPEX; optimization; principal components analysis; runoff; sensitivity analysis; statistical analysis; surface water; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.02.042 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Implications of uncertain future fossil energy resources on bioenergy use and terrestrial carbon emissions AN - 1790969262; PQ0003080077 AB - The magnitude and character of the global resource base of fossil fuels is a key determinant of the evolution of the future global energy system and corresponding fossil fuel carbon emissions. What is less well understood is the potential magnitude of impact of the availability of fossil fuels, due to the interaction with biomass energy, on agriculture, land use, ecosystems and therefore carbon emissions from land-use change. This paper explores these links and implications. We show that if oil resources are limited, then the consequently higher price for liquids induces both the use of coal-to-liquids technology deployment, but also enhanced production of bioenergy crops particularly in a business-as-usual scenario. This in turn implies greater pressure to convert unmanaged ecosystems to produce bioenergy, and higher rates of terrestrial carbon emissions from land use. JF - Climatic Change AU - Calvin, Katherine AU - Wise, Marshall AU - Luckow, Patrick AU - Kyle, Page AU - Clarke, Leon AU - Edmonds, Jae AD - Joint Global Change Research Institute, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, College Park, MD, USA, katherine.calvin@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2016/05// PY - 2016 DA - May 2016 SP - 57 EP - 68 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 136 IS - 1 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Environment Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Agriculture KW - Resource management KW - Ecosystems KW - Fossil fuels KW - Terrestrial environments KW - Biomass KW - Crops KW - Carbon emissions KW - Land use KW - Ecosystem disturbance KW - Oil KW - Carbon KW - Energy KW - Energy resources KW - Emissions KW - Biofuels KW - Technology KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - M2 551.5:General (551.5) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1790969262?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transportation+Research+Record&rft.atitle=Fatigue+in+Highway+Construction+Workers%3A+Risks+and+Countermeasures+in+Rapid+Renewal+Project+Schedules&rft.au=Jackson%2C+J+Elizabeth%3BSanquist%2C+Thomas%3BCampbell%2C+John%3BLee%2C+Eul-Bum%3BVan+Dongen%2C+Hans+P+A&rft.aulast=Jackson&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=2347&rft.spage=11&rft.isbn=9780309263429&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transportation+Research+Record&rft.issn=03611981&rft_id=info:doi/10.3141%2F2347-02 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-05-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Resource management; Carbon; Fossil fuels; Energy resources; Ecosystem disturbance; Land use; Agriculture; Ecosystems; Carbon emissions; Oil; Terrestrial environments; Energy; Emissions; Biomass; Crops; Biofuels; Technology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-013-0923-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effect of African growth on future global energy, emissions, and regional development AN - 1790967631; PQ0003080080 AB - Today Africa is a small emitter, but it has a large and faster-than-average growing population and per capita income that could drive future energy demand and, if unconstrained, emissions. This paper uses a multi-model comparison to characterize the potential future energy development for Continental and Sub-Saharan Africa under different assumptions about population and income. Our results suggest that population and economic growth rates will strongly influence Africa's future energy use and emissions. We show that affluence is only one face of the medal and the range of future emissions is also contingent on technological and political factors. Higher energy intensity improvements occur when Africa grows faster. In contrast, climate intensity varies less with economic growth and it is mostly driven by climate policy. African emissions could account for between 5 % and 20 % of global emissions, with Sub-Saharan Africa contributing between 4 % and 10 % of world emissions in 2100. In all scenarios considered, affluence levels remain low until the middle of the century, suggesting that the population could remain dependent on traditional bioenergy to meet most residential energy needs. Although the share of electricity in final energy, electric capacity and electricity use per capita all rise with income, even by mid-century they do not reach levels observed in developed countries today. JF - Climatic Change AU - Calvin, Katherine AU - Pachauri, Shonali AU - Cian, Enrica AU - Mouratiadou, Ioanna AD - Joint Global Change Research Institute/PNNL, College Park, MD, USA, katherine.calvin@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2016/05// PY - 2016 DA - May 2016 SP - 109 EP - 125 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 136 IS - 1 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Environment Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Developed countries KW - Growth rate KW - Policies KW - Politics KW - Climate KW - Climate change KW - Public policy and climate KW - Economic growth KW - Electricity KW - Population dynamics KW - Environmental policy KW - Income KW - Energy demand KW - Affluence KW - Growth KW - Energy KW - Emissions KW - Africa KW - Regional planning KW - Biofuels KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - Q5 08505:Prevention and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1790967631?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=The+effect+of+African+growth+on+future+global+energy%2C+emissions%2C+and+regional+development&rft.au=Calvin%2C+Katherine%3BPachauri%2C+Shonali%3BCian%2C+Enrica%3BMouratiadou%2C+Ioanna&rft.aulast=Calvin&rft.aufirst=Katherine&rft.date=2016-05-01&rft.volume=136&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=109&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10584-013-0964-4 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-05-01 N1 - Number of references - 47 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Growth rate; Policies; Growth; Electricity; Population dynamics; Public policy and climate; Developed countries; Politics; Climate change; Climate; Economic growth; Environmental policy; Income; Energy demand; Affluence; Energy; Emissions; Regional planning; Biofuels; Africa DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-013-0964-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Balancing global water availability and use at basin scale in an integrated assessment model AN - 1790963033; PQ0003044514 AB - Water is essential for the world's food supply, for energy production, including bioenergy and hydroelectric power, and for power system cooling. Water is already scarce in many regions of the world and could present a critical constraint as society attempts simultaneously to mitigate climate forcing and adapt to climate change, and to provide for a larger and more prosperous human population. Numerous studies have pointed to growing pressures on the world's scarce fresh water resources from population and economic growth, and climate change. This study goes further. We use the Global Change Assessment Model to analyze interactions between population, economic growth, energy, land, and water resources simultaneously in a dynamically evolving system where competing claims on water resources from all claimants-energy, land, and economy-are reconciled with water resource availability-from renewable water, non-renewable groundwater and desalinated water sources -across 14 geopolitical regions, 151 agriculture-ecological zones, and 235 major river basins. We find that previous estimates of global water withdrawal projections are overestimated. Model simulations show that it is more economical in some basins to alter agricultural and energy activities rather than utilize non-renewable groundwater or desalinated water. This study highlights the importance of accounting for water as a binding factor in agriculture, energy and land use decisions in integrated assessment models and implications for global responses to water scarcity, particularly in the trade of agricultural commodities and land-use decisions. JF - Climatic Change AU - Kim, Son H AU - Hejazi, Mohamad AU - Liu, Lu AU - Calvin, Katherine AU - Clarke, Leon AU - Edmonds, Jae AU - Kyle, Page AU - Patel, Pralit AU - Wise, Marshall AU - Davies, Evan AD - Joint Global Research Institute, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 5825 University Research Court, Suite 3500, College Park, MD, 20740, USA, skim@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2016/05// PY - 2016 DA - May 2016 SP - 217 EP - 231 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 136 IS - 2 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Environment Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Agriculture KW - Resource management KW - Trade KW - Climate change KW - Basins KW - Water resources KW - Freshwater KW - Water availability KW - Growth KW - Economics KW - Scarcity KW - Water sources KW - Climatic change influences on water resources KW - Modelling KW - Growth rate KW - Food supply KW - Climate models KW - Hydroelectric power KW - Human populations KW - Groundwater flow KW - Environmental impact KW - River basins KW - Economic growth KW - Land use KW - Economics and water resources KW - Numerical simulations KW - Energy KW - Groundwater KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1790963033?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=Balancing+global+water+availability+and+use+at+basin+scale+in+an+integrated+assessment+model&rft.au=Kim%2C+Son+H%3BHejazi%2C+Mohamad%3BLiu%2C+Lu%3BCalvin%2C+Katherine%3BClarke%2C+Leon%3BEdmonds%2C+Jae%3BKyle%2C+Page%3BPatel%2C+Pralit%3BWise%2C+Marshall%3BDavies%2C+Evan&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=Son&rft.date=2016-05-01&rft.volume=136&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=217&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10584-016-1604-6 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-05-01 N1 - Number of references - 45 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Growth rate; Growth; Resource management; Hydroelectric power; Climate change; Environmental impact; Water resources; River basins; Modelling; Agriculture; Climate models; Numerical simulations; Economics and water resources; Groundwater flow; Water sources; Climatic change influences on water resources; Land use; Food supply; Trade; Human populations; Basins; Economic growth; Water availability; Energy; Economics; Scarcity; Groundwater; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-016-1604-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sensitivity of future U.S. Water shortages to socioeconomic and climate drivers: a case study in Georgia using an integrated human-earth system modeling framework AN - 1790959361; PQ0003044512 AB - One of the most important interactions between humans and climate is in the demand and supply of water. Humans withdraw, use, and consume water and return waste water to the environment for a variety of socioeconomic purposes, including domestic, commercial, and industrial use, production of energy resources and cooling thermal-electric power plants, and growing food, fiber, and chemical feed stocks for human consumption. Uncertainties in the future human demand for water interact with future impacts of climatic change on water supplies to impinge on water management decisions at the international, national, regional, and local level, but until recently tools were not available to assess the uncertainties surrounding these decisions. This paper demonstrates the use of a multi-model framework in a structured sensitivity analysis to project and quantify the sensitivity of future deficits in surface water in the context of climate and socioeconomic change for all U.S. states and sub-basins. The framework treats all sources of water demand and supply consistently from the world to local level. The paper illustrates the capabilities of the framework with sample results for a river sub-basin in the U.S. state of Georgia. JF - Climatic Change AU - Scott, Michael J AU - Daly, Don S AU - Hejazi, Mohamad I AU - Kyle, GPage AU - Liu, Lu AU - McJeon, Haewon C AU - Mundra, Anupriya AU - Patel, Pralit L AU - Rice, Jennie S AU - Voisin, Nathalie AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA, Nathalie.Voisin@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2016/05// PY - 2016 DA - May 2016 SP - 233 EP - 246 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 136 IS - 2 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Environment Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Surface water KW - Climate change KW - Socioeconomics KW - Freshwater KW - Water supplies KW - Feed composition KW - Case studies KW - Power plants KW - Modelling KW - Rivers KW - Sensitivity KW - Water demand KW - Climate models KW - Feed KW - Climate KW - Water supply KW - ASW, USA, Georgia KW - Sensitivity analysis KW - Water management KW - Energy KW - Energy resources KW - Waste water KW - Wastewater KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - M2 551.579.1:Water supply from precipitation (551.579.1) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1790959361?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=Sensitivity+of+future+U.S.+Water+shortages+to+socioeconomic+and+climate+drivers%3A+a+case+study+in+Georgia+using+an+integrated+human-earth+system+modeling+framework&rft.au=Scott%2C+Michael+J%3BDaly%2C+Don+S%3BHejazi%2C+Mohamad+I%3BKyle%2C+GPage%3BLiu%2C+Lu%3BMcJeon%2C+Haewon+C%3BMundra%2C+Anupriya%3BPatel%2C+Pralit+L%3BRice%2C+Jennie+S%3BVoisin%2C+Nathalie&rft.aulast=Scott&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2016-05-01&rft.volume=136&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=233&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10584-016-1602-8 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-05-01 N1 - Number of references - 43 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Feed; Water management; Energy resources; Power plants; Waste water; Modelling; Feed composition; Water supply; Climate models; Sensitivity analysis; Sensitivity; Water demand; Surface water; Climate change; Climate; Socioeconomics; Water supplies; Case studies; Energy; Wastewater; ASW, USA, Georgia; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-016-1602-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Formaldehyde as a carbon and electron shuttle between autotroph and heterotroph populations in acidic hydrothermal vents of Norris Geyser Basin, Yellowstone National Park AN - 1787982650; PQ0002973225 AB - The Norris Geyser Basin in Yellowstone National Park contains a large number of hydrothermal systems, which host microbial populations supported by primary productivity associated with a suite of chemolithotrophic metabolisms. We demonstrate that Metallosphaera yellowstonensis MK1, a facultative autotrophic archaeon isolated from a hyperthermal acidic hydrous ferric oxide (HFO) spring in Norris Geyser Basin, excretes formaldehyde during autotrophic growth. To determine the fate of formaldehyde in this low organic carbon environment, we incubated native microbial mat (containing M. yellowstonensis) from a HFO spring with super(13)C-formaldehyde. Isotopic analysis of incubation-derived CO sub(2) and biomass showed that formaldehyde was both oxidized and assimilated by members of the community. Autotrophy, formaldehyde oxidation, and formaldehyde assimilation displayed different sensitivities to chemical inhibitors, suggesting that distinct sub-populations in the mat selectively perform these functions. Our results demonstrate that electrons originally resulting from iron oxidation can energetically fuel autotrophic carbon fixation and associated formaldehyde excretion, and that formaldehyde is both oxidized and assimilated by different organisms within the native microbial community. Thus, formaldehyde can effectively act as a carbon and electron shuttle connecting the autotrophic, iron oxidizing members with associated heterotrophic members in the HFO community. JF - Extremophiles AU - Moran, James J AU - Whitmore, Laura M AU - Isern, Nancy G AU - Romine, Margaret F AU - Riha, Krystin M AU - Inskeep, William P AU - Kreuzer, Helen W AD - Chemical and Biological Signature Science Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA, james.moran@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2016/05// PY - 2016 DA - May 2016 SP - 291 EP - 299 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 20 IS - 3 SN - 1431-0651, 1431-0651 KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Ferric oxide KW - Fuels KW - Organic carbon KW - National parks KW - Basins KW - Formaldehyde KW - Hot springs KW - Primary production KW - Growth KW - Carbon KW - Heterotrophs KW - Autotrophy KW - Hydrothermal vents KW - Biomass KW - Oxidation KW - Excretion KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Iron KW - Metabolism KW - Carbon fixation KW - Q1 08484:Species interactions: parasites and diseases KW - J 02320:Cell Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1787982650?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Extremophiles&rft.atitle=Formaldehyde+as+a+carbon+and+electron+shuttle+between+autotroph+and+heterotroph+populations+in+acidic+hydrothermal+vents+of+Norris+Geyser+Basin%2C+Yellowstone+National+Park&rft.au=Moran%2C+James+J%3BWhitmore%2C+Laura+M%3BIsern%2C+Nancy+G%3BRomine%2C+Margaret+F%3BRiha%2C+Krystin+M%3BInskeep%2C+William+P%3BKreuzer%2C+Helen+W&rft.aulast=Moran&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2016-05-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=291&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Extremophiles&rft.issn=14310651&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00792-016-0821-2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-05-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Growth; Carbon; Organic carbon; Hot springs; Autotrophy; Excretion; Carbon dioxide; Primary production; Carbon fixation; Ferric oxide; Fuels; National parks; Hydrothermal vents; Formaldehyde; Basins; Biomass; Oxidation; Heterotrophs; Iron; Metabolism DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00792-016-0821-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hierarchical mixture of experts and diagnostic modeling approach to reduce hydrologic model structural uncertainty AN - 1828850008; 2016-086739 AB - In most water resources applications, any particular model structure might be inadequate to capture the dynamic multiscale interactions among different hydrological processes. Calibrating single models for dynamic catchments, where multiple dominant processes exist, can result in displacement of errors from structure to parameters, which in turn leads to over-correction and biased predictions. An alternative to a single model structure is to develop local expert structures that are effective in representing the dominant components of the hydrologic process and adaptively integrate them based on an indicator variable. In this study, the Hierarchical Mixture of Experts (HME) framework is applied to integrate expert model structures representing the different components of the hydrologic process. Various signature diagnostic analyses were used to identify the presence of multiple dominant processes, and the adequacy of a single model, as well as to develop the structures of the expert models. The approaches are applied for two distinct catchments, the Guadalupe River (Texas) and the French Broad River (North Carolina) from the Model Parameter Estimation Experiment (MOPEX), using different structures of the HBV model. The results show that the HME approach has a better performance over the single model for the Guadalupe catchment, where multiple dominant processes are witnessed through diagnostic measures. Whereas the diagnostics and aggregated performance measures prove that French Broad has a homogeneous catchment response, making the single model adequate to capture the response. Abstract Copyright (2016), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Moges, Edom AU - Demissie, Yonas AU - Li, Hong-Yi Y1 - 2016/04// PY - 2016 DA - April 2016 SP - 2551 EP - 2570 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 52 IS - 4 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - Guadalupe River KW - numerical models KW - surface water KW - Texas KW - rivers KW - hierarchical mixture of experts method KW - French Broad River KW - catchment hydrodynamics KW - North Carolina KW - fluvial features KW - hydrodynamics KW - applications KW - model parameter estimation experiment KW - uncertainty KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1828850008?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Hierarchical+mixture+of+experts+and+diagnostic+modeling+approach+to+reduce+hydrologic+model+structural+uncertainty&rft.au=Moges%2C+Edom%3BDemissie%2C+Yonas%3BLi%2C+Hong-Yi&rft.aulast=Moges&rft.aufirst=Edom&rft.date=2016-04-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=2551&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2015WR018266 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 61 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; catchment hydrodynamics; fluvial features; French Broad River; Guadalupe River; hierarchical mixture of experts method; hydrodynamics; hydrology; model parameter estimation experiment; North Carolina; numerical models; rivers; surface water; Texas; uncertainty; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015WR018266 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radiation-damage resistance in phyllosilicate minerals from first principles and implications for radiocesium and strontium retention in soils AN - 1819897183; 2016-081504 AB - Accidental discharges of the hazardous nuclear fission products (super 137) Cs (super +) and (super 90) Sr (super 2+) into the environment, such as during the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear accident, have occurred repeatedly throughout the 'nuclear age.' Numerous studies of the fate and transport of (super 137) Cs (super +) and (super 90) Sr (super 2+) in soils and sediments have demonstrated their strong and selective binding to phyllosilicate clay minerals, primarily by means of cation exchange into interlayer sites. The locally concentrated amounts of these radioactive beta-emitters that can be found in these host minerals raise important questions regarding the long-term interplay and durability of radioisotope-clay associations, which is not well known. The present study goes beyond the usual short-term focus to address the permanence of radioisotope retention in clay minerals, by developing a general theoretical understanding of their resistance to the creation of defects. The present study reports ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) calculations of the threshold displacement energy (TDE) of each symmetry-unique atomic species comprising the unit cell of model vermiculite. The TDE values determined are material specific, radiation independent, and can be used to estimate the probability of Frenkel-pair creation by direct electron-ion collision, as could be induced by the passage of a high-energy electron emitted during the beta-decay of (super 137) Cs, (super 90) Sr, and daughter (super 90) Y. For (super 137) Cs and (super 90) Sr, the calculated probability is approximately 36%, while for (super 90) Y the probability is much greater at approximately 89%. The long-term retention picture that emerges is that decay will progressively alter the clay interlayer structure and charge, probably leading to delamination of the clay, and re-release of residual parent isotopes. Further work examining the effect of Frenkel defect accumulation on the binding energy of parent and daughter radionuclides in the interlayer is thus justified and potentially important for accurate long-term forecasting of radionuclide transport in the environment. JF - Clays and Clay Minerals AU - Sassi, Michel AU - Rosso, Kevin M AU - Okumura, Masahiko AU - Machida, Masahiko Y1 - 2016/04// PY - 2016 DA - April 2016 SP - 108 EP - 114 PB - Clay Minerals Society, Chantilly, VA VL - 64 IS - 2 SN - 0009-8604, 0009-8604 KW - silicates KW - Sr-90 KW - Far East KW - isotopes KW - clay mineralogy KW - radioactive fallout KW - Fukushima Daiichi nuclear accident KW - radioactive isotopes KW - accidents KW - cesium KW - nuclear explosions KW - Asia KW - geochemistry KW - soils KW - Fukushima Japan KW - alkaline earth metals KW - cation exchange capacity KW - explosions KW - alkali metals KW - pollution KW - clay minerals KW - Cs-137 KW - soil pollution KW - metals KW - sheet silicates KW - Honshu KW - strontium KW - Japan KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1819897183?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clays+and+Clay+Minerals&rft.atitle=Radiation-damage+resistance+in+phyllosilicate+minerals+from+first+principles+and+implications+for+radiocesium+and+strontium+retention+in+soils&rft.au=Sassi%2C+Michel%3BRosso%2C+Kevin+M%3BOkumura%2C+Masahiko%3BMachida%2C+Masahiko&rft.aulast=Sassi&rft.aufirst=Michel&rft.date=2016-04-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=108&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clays+and+Clay+Minerals&rft.issn=00098604&rft_id=info:doi/10.1346%2FCCMN.2016.0640203 L2 - http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/cms/ccm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Clay Minerals Society | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-17 N1 - CODEN - CLCMAB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accidents; alkali metals; alkaline earth metals; Asia; cation exchange capacity; cesium; clay mineralogy; clay minerals; Cs-137; explosions; Far East; Fukushima Daiichi nuclear accident; Fukushima Japan; geochemistry; Honshu; isotopes; Japan; metals; nuclear explosions; pollution; radioactive fallout; radioactive isotopes; sheet silicates; silicates; soil pollution; soils; Sr-90; strontium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1346/CCMN.2016.0640203 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ice nucleation activity of diesel soot particles at cirrus relevant temperature conditions: Effects of hydration, secondary organics coating, soot morphology, and coagulation AN - 1808373739; PQ0002986871 AB - Ice formation by diesel soot particles was investigated at temperatures ranging from -40 to -50 degree C. Size-selected soot particles were physically and chemically aged in an environmental chamber, and their ice nucleating properties were determined using a continuous flow diffusion type ice nucleation chamber. Bare (freshly formed), hydrated, and compacted soot particles, as well as alpha -pinene secondary organic aerosol (SOA)-coated soot particles at high relative humidity conditions, showed ice formation activity at subsaturation conditions with respect to water but below the homogeneous freezing threshold conditions. However, SOA-coated soot particles at dry conditions were observed to freeze at homogeneous freezing threshold conditions. Overall, our results suggest that heterogeneous ice nucleation activity of freshly emitted diesel soot particles are sensitive to some of the aging processes that soot can undergo in the atmosphere. Key Points * Ice nucleating ability of fresh soot particles is similar to hydrated and compact particles * Organic-coated particles required homogeneous freezing threshold conditions * Soot particles with aqueous organics nucleated ice via immersion freezing mechanism JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Kulkarni, Gourihar AU - China, Swarup AU - Liu, Shang AU - Nandasiri, Manjula AU - Sharma, Noopur AU - Wilson, Jacqueline AU - Aiken, Allison C AU - Chand, Duli AU - Laskin, Alexander AU - Mazzoleni, Claudio AU - Pekour, Mikhail AU - Shilling, John AU - Shutthanandan, Vaithiyalingam AU - Zelenyuk, Alla AU - Zaveri, Rahul A AD - Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA. Y1 - 2016/04// PY - 2016 DA - April 2016 SP - 3580 EP - 3588 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ United States VL - 43 IS - 7 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Temperature effects KW - Relative humidity KW - Hydration KW - Ice KW - Ice formation KW - Aerosols KW - Aging KW - Temperature KW - Freezing KW - Relative Humidity KW - Nucleation KW - Ice drift KW - Ice Formation KW - Continuous Flow KW - Abiotic factors KW - SW 0810:General KW - Q2 09182:Methods and instruments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1808373739?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Ice+nucleation+activity+of+diesel+soot+particles+at+cirrus+relevant+temperature+conditions%3A+Effects+of+hydration%2C+secondary+organics+coating%2C+soot+morphology%2C+and+coagulation&rft.au=Kulkarni%2C+Gourihar%3BChina%2C+Swarup%3BLiu%2C+Shang%3BNandasiri%2C+Manjula%3BSharma%2C+Noopur%3BWilson%2C+Jacqueline%3BAiken%2C+Allison+C%3BChand%2C+Duli%3BLaskin%2C+Alexander%3BMazzoleni%2C+Claudio%3BPekour%2C+Mikhail%3BShilling%2C+John%3BShutthanandan%2C+Vaithiyalingam%3BZelenyuk%2C+Alla%3BZaveri%2C+Rahul+A&rft.aulast=Kulkarni&rft.aufirst=Gourihar&rft.date=2016-04-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=&rft.spage=221&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Program+and+Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Clay+Minerals+Society&rft.issn=15502244&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hydration; Relative humidity; Temperature effects; Ice formation; Aerosols; Aging; Ice drift; Freezing; Abiotic factors; Nucleation; Ice; Temperature; Ice Formation; Relative Humidity; Continuous Flow DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2016GL068707 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lithium Metal Batteries: Highly Stable Operation of Lithium Metal Batteries Enabled by the Formation of a Transient High-Concentration Electrolyte Layer (Adv. Energy Mater. 8/2016) AN - 1790955753; PQ0002952989 AB - In article number 1502151, Ji-Guang Zhang, Wu Xu, and co-workers present the formation of a transient high-concentration electrolyte layer on the Li anode surface during a fast stripping process. The highly concentrated Li super(+) ions immediately coordinate with available solvent molecules and facilitate the formation of a stabilized solid electrolyte interphase on the Li surface, thus effectively mitigating Li corrosion and enabling the sustainable operation of Li metal batteries. JF - Advanced Energy Materials AU - Zheng, Jianming AU - Yan, Pengfei AU - Mei, Donghai AU - Engelhard, Mark H AU - Cartmell, Samuel S AU - Polzin, Bryant J AU - Wang, Chongmin AU - Zhang, Ji-Guang AU - Xu, Wu AD - Energy and Environmental Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, WA, 99354, USA. Y1 - 2016/04// PY - 2016 DA - April 2016 SP - [np] PB - Wiley-Blackwell, Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD United Kingdom VL - 6 IS - 8 SN - 1614-6832, 1614-6832 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Metals KW - Ions KW - Electrolytes KW - Mitigation KW - Batteries KW - Energy KW - Solvents KW - Corrosion KW - Lithium KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1790955753?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advanced+Energy+Materials&rft.atitle=Lithium+Metal+Batteries%3A+Highly+Stable+Operation+of+Lithium+Metal+Batteries+Enabled+by+the+Formation+of+a+Transient+High-Concentration+Electrolyte+Layer+%28Adv.+Energy+Mater.+8%2F2016%29&rft.au=Zheng%2C+Jianming%3BYan%2C+Pengfei%3BMei%2C+Donghai%3BEngelhard%2C+Mark+H%3BCartmell%2C+Samuel+S%3BPolzin%2C+Bryant+J%3BWang%2C+Chongmin%3BZhang%2C+Ji-Guang%3BXu%2C+Wu&rft.aulast=Zheng&rft.aufirst=Jianming&rft.date=2016-04-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=%5Bnp%5D&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advanced+Energy+Materials&rft.issn=16146832&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Faenm.201670050 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ions; Metals; Mitigation; Electrolytes; Batteries; Energy; Corrosion; Solvents; Lithium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201670050 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radiation damage in biotite mica by accelerated alpha -particles; a synchrotron microfocus X-ray diffraction and X-ray absorption spectroscopy study AN - 1789753895; 2016-040351 AB - A critical radiation damage assessment of the materials that will be present in a Geological Disposal Facility (GDF) for radioactive waste is a priority for building a safety case. Detailed analysis of the effects of high-energy alpha -particle damage in phyllosilicates such as mica is a necessity, as these are model structures for both the clay-based backfill material and the highly sorbent components of a crystalline host rock. The alpha -radiation stability of biotite mica [general formula: K(Mg,Fe) (sub 3) (Al,Si (sub 3) O (sub 10) )(F,OH) (sub 2) ] has been investigated using the 5 MV tandem pelletron at the University of Manchester's Dalton Cumbrian Facility (DCF) and both the microfocus spectroscopy (I18) and core X-ray absorption spectroscopy (B18) beamlines at Diamond Light Source (U.K.). Microfocus X-ray diffraction mapping has demonstrated extensive structural aberrations in the mica resulting from controlled exposure to the focused (super 4) He (super 2+) ion (alpha -particle) beam. Delivered doses were comparable to a-particle fluences expected in the highly active, near-field of a GDF. At doses up to 6.77 displacements per atom (dpa) in the region of highest particle fluence, biotite mica displays a heterogeneous structural response to irradiation on a micrometer scale, with sequential dilation and contraction of regions of the structure perpendicular to the sheets, as well as a general overall contraction of the phyllosilicate layer spacing. At the peak of ion fluence, the structure collapses under a high point defect density and amorphous areas are pervasive among altered domains of the original lattice. Such structural alterations are likely to affect the material's capacity to sorb and retain escaped radionuclides over long timescales; increased edge site availability may favor increased sorption while interlayer uptake will likely be reduced due to collapse. Radiation-induced reduction of structural iron at the region of highest structural damage across an alpha -particle's track has been demonstrated by Fe K-edge X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy (XANES) and local structural disorder has been confirmed by analysis of both potassium K-edge XANES and Fe K-edge extended X-ray absorption fine structure analysis. An infrared absorption study of deformations in the OH (super -) stretching region, along with electron probe microanalysis complements the synchrotron data presented here. JF - American Mineralogist AU - Bower, William R AU - Pearce, Carolyn I AU - Smith, Andrew D AU - Pimblott, Simon M AU - Mosselmans, J Frederick W AU - Haigh, Sarah J AU - McKinley, James P AU - Pattrick, Richard A D Y1 - 2016/04// PY - 2016 DA - April 2016 SP - 928 EP - 942 PB - Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC VL - 101 IS - 4 SN - 0003-004X, 0003-004X KW - silicates KW - experimental studies KW - irradiation KW - lattice KW - alpha rays KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - radiation damage KW - techniques KW - X-ray spectra KW - XANES spectra KW - synchrotron radiation KW - mica group KW - biotite KW - sheet silicates KW - spectra KW - waste disposal KW - instruments KW - 01A:General mineralogy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1789753895?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=Radiation+damage+in+biotite+mica+by+accelerated+alpha+-particles%3B+a+synchrotron+microfocus+X-ray+diffraction+and+X-ray+absorption+spectroscopy+study&rft.au=Bower%2C+William+R%3BPearce%2C+Carolyn+I%3BSmith%2C+Andrew+D%3BPimblott%2C+Simon+M%3BMosselmans%2C+J+Frederick+W%3BHaigh%2C+Sarah+J%3BMcKinley%2C+James+P%3BPattrick%2C+Richard+A+D&rft.aulast=Bower&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2016-04-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=928&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Mineralogist&rft.issn=0003004X&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Fam-2016-5280CCBYNCND L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/AmMin/TOC/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 58 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-19 N1 - CODEN - AMMIAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alpha rays; biotite; experimental studies; instruments; irradiation; lattice; mica group; radiation damage; sheet silicates; silicates; spectra; synchrotron radiation; techniques; waste disposal; X-ray diffraction data; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/am-2016-5280CCBYNCND ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of a novel acoustic transmitter on swimming performance and predator avoidance of juvenile Chinook Salmon: Determination of a size threshold AN - 1765989848; PQ0002629842 AB - The miniaturization of acoustic transmitters enables researchers to tag smaller fish for telemetry studies, thus representing a greater proportion of the population of interest. Fish having a smaller transmitter burden (e.g., the weight of the transmitter relative to the weight of the fish) may also have fewer potential adverse transmitter effects. The development of an injectable acoustic transmitter has led to research that determined the least invasive and quickest method of implantation. Following that research, the objectives of this study were to determine the effects of transmitter implantation on swimming performance and predator avoidance, and to find a minimum size threshold of fish that can be tagged without adversely affecting those responses. To assess critical swimming speed (U crit; an index of prolonged swimming performance) and predator avoidance for juvenile Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), fish were split into three treatments: (1) implantation with a dummy injectable acoustic transmitter (IAT treatment), (2) implantation with a dummy injectable acoustic transmitter and passive integrated transponder tag (IAT+PIT treatment), and (3) an untagged control. IAT treatment fish had lower U crit values than untagged controls among individuals below 79mm fork length (transmitter burden 3.4-4.0%). U crit values for the IAT+PIT treatment were not significantly different from untagged controls and no size threshold was found. There was no significant difference in predator avoidance between fish implanted with the IAT or IAT+PIT compared to untagged controls. These guidelines could provide researchers and managers with a powerful tool to examine behavior and survival of small salmonids. JF - Fisheries Research (Amsterdam) AU - Walker, Ricardo W AU - Ashton, Neil K AU - Brown, Richard S AU - Liss, Stephanie A AU - Colotelo, Alison H AU - Beirao, Bernardo V AU - Townsend, Richard L AU - Deng, ZDaniel AU - Eppard, MBrad AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Ecology Group, Richland, WA 99352, USA Y1 - 2016/04// PY - 2016 DA - April 2016 SP - 48 EP - 54 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 176 SN - 0165-7836, 0165-7836 KW - Ecology Abstracts; ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Behavior KW - Dam passage KW - Juvenile Salmon Acoustic Telemetry System KW - Migration KW - Telemetry KW - Juveniles KW - Swimming KW - Acoustics KW - Anadromous species KW - Stock assessment KW - Survival KW - Avoidance reactions KW - Predators KW - Oncorhynchus tshawytscha KW - Fishery management KW - Fishery surveys KW - Transponders KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology KW - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management KW - Q4 27720:Technology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1765989848?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fisheries+Research+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.atitle=Effects+of+a+novel+acoustic+transmitter+on+swimming+performance+and+predator+avoidance+of+juvenile+Chinook+Salmon%3A+Determination+of+a+size+threshold&rft.au=Walker%2C+Ricardo+W%3BAshton%2C+Neil+K%3BBrown%2C+Richard+S%3BLiss%2C+Stephanie+A%3BColotelo%2C+Alison+H%3BBeirao%2C+Bernardo+V%3BTownsend%2C+Richard+L%3BDeng%2C+ZDaniel%3BEppard%2C+MBrad&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=Ricardo&rft.date=2016-04-01&rft.volume=176&rft.issue=&rft.spage=48&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fisheries+Research+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.issn=01657836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.fishres.2015.12.007 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Juveniles; Fishery management; Fishery surveys; Telemetry; Anadromous species; Stock assessment; Avoidance reactions; Predators; Transponders; Swimming; Acoustics; Survival; Oncorhynchus tshawytscha DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2015.12.007 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Global volcanic aerosol properties derived from emissions, 1990-2014, using CESM1(WACCM) AN - 1807507071; 2016-067221 AB - Accurate representation of global stratospheric aerosols from volcanic and nonvolcanic sulfur emissions is key to understanding the cooling effects and ozone losses that may be linked to volcanic activity. Attribution of climate variability to volcanic activity is of particular interest in relation to the post-2000 slowing in the rate of global average temperature increases. We have compiled a database of volcanic SO (sub 2) emissions and plume altitudes for eruptions from 1990 to 2014 and developed a new prognostic capability for simulating stratospheric sulfate aerosols in the Community Earth System Model. We used these combined with other nonvolcanic emissions of sulfur sources to reconstruct global aerosol properties from 1990 to 2014. Our calculations show remarkable agreement with ground-based lidar observations of stratospheric aerosol optical depth (SAOD) and with in situ measurements of stratospheric aerosol surface area density (SAD). These properties are key parameters in calculating the radiative and chemical effects of stratospheric aerosols. Our SAOD calculations represent a clear improvement over available satellite-based analyses, which generally ignore aerosol extinction below 15 km, a region that can contain the vast majority of stratospheric aerosol extinction at middle and high latitudes. Our SAD calculations greatly improve on that provided for the Chemistry-Climate Model Initiative, which misses about 60% of the SAD measured in situ on average during both volcanically active and volcanically quiescent periods. Abstract Copyright (2016), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres AU - Mills, Michael J AU - Schmidt, Anja AU - Easter, Richard AU - Solomon, Susan AU - Kinnison, Douglas E AU - Ghan, Steven J AU - Neely, Ryan R, III AU - Marsh, Daniel R AU - Conley, Andrew AU - Bardeen, Charles G AU - Gettelman, Andrew Y1 - 2016/03/16/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Mar 16 SP - 2332 EP - 2348 PB - Blackwell Wiley for American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 121 IS - 5 SN - 2169-897X, 2169-897X KW - sulfur dioxide KW - experimental studies KW - numerical models KW - sulfates KW - global KW - atmosphere KW - environmental effects KW - climate change KW - temperature KW - optical properties KW - stratosphere KW - volcanism KW - eruptions KW - digital simulation KW - climate effects KW - volcanoes KW - aerosols KW - optical depth KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807507071?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Program+and+Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Clay+Minerals+Society&rft.atitle=In+situ+studies+of+montmorillonite+hydration+in+dry+to+water-saturated+supercritical+CO+%28sub+2%29+%3B+implications+for+caprock+integrity&rft.au=Loring%2C+John+S%3BChen%2C+Jeffrey%3BSchaef%2C+H+Todd%3BThompson%2C+Chris+J%3BBenezeth%2C+Pascale%3BIlton%2C+Eugene%3BQafoku%2C+Odeta%3BRosso%2C+Kevin+M%3BFelmy%2C+Andrew+R&rft.aulast=Loring&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=&rft.spage=158&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Program+and+Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Clay+Minerals+Society&rft.issn=15502244&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%292169-8996 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 90 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerosols; atmosphere; climate change; climate effects; digital simulation; environmental effects; eruptions; experimental studies; global; numerical models; optical depth; optical properties; stratosphere; sulfates; sulfur dioxide; temperature; volcanism; volcanoes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015JD024290 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An in situ XAS study of ferric iron hydrolysis and precipitation in the presence of perchlorate, nitrate, chloride and sulfate AN - 1789747612; 2016-045226 AB - Using a novel combination of in situ potentiometric experiments and quick-scanning XAS we present Fe K-edge XAS spectra (to k = 12 Aa (super -1) ) during Fe (super III) hydrolysis and precipitation in 0.33 M Fe(ClO (sub 4) ) (sub 3) , Fe(NO (sub 3) ) (sub 3) , FeCl (sub 3) and Fe (sub 2) (SO (sub 4) ) (sub 3) solutions up to pH 4.8. Edge-sharing Fe (super III) polymers appeared almost immediately upon hydrolysis with strong evidence for a mu -oxo dimer species forming in the Fe(ClO (sub 4) ) (sub 3) , Fe(NO (sub 3) ) (sub 3) and FeCl (sub 3) solutions. The effects of SO (sub 4) on hydrolysis and polymerization pathways included inhibition of both the formation of the mu -oxo dimer and double corner Fe (super III) bonding, ultimately resulting in the precipitation of schwertmannite. As such, under these experimental conditions, double corner Fe (super III) bonding appears to be critical to the formation of ferrihydrite. The spectral trends indicated that the decomposition/transformation of the dimer was sudden and broadly coincident with shortening average Fe-O bond distances, increased Fe neighbors at approximately 3.43 Aa and a pre-edge energy transformation suggestive of decreased ligand field strength as well as increasing proportions of tetrahedral Fe (super III) . This result suggests that the incorporation of tetrahedral Fe (super III) into ferrihydrite occurs only at the latter stages of extended polymerization. Abstract Copyright (2016) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Collins, Richard N AU - Rosso, Kevin M AU - Rose, Andrew L AU - Glover, Chris J AU - Waite, T David Y1 - 2016/03/15/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Mar 15 SP - 150 EP - 169 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 177 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - halides KW - oxygen KW - complexing KW - data processing KW - hydrolysis KW - crystal structure KW - polymerization KW - aqueous solutions KW - MINTEQA2 KW - iron KW - ferric iron KW - chemical reactions KW - water-rock interaction KW - phase equilibria KW - chlorides KW - oxides KW - thermodynamic properties KW - pH KW - Eh KW - experimental studies KW - in situ KW - sulfates KW - nitrates KW - ferrihydrite KW - perchlorate KW - molecular structure KW - models KW - schwertmannite KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - EXAFS data KW - crystal chemistry KW - potentiometry KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1789747612?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=An+in+situ+XAS+study+of+ferric+iron+hydrolysis+and+precipitation+in+the+presence+of+perchlorate%2C+nitrate%2C+chloride+and+sulfate&rft.au=Collins%2C+Richard+N%3BRosso%2C+Kevin+M%3BRose%2C+Andrew+L%3BGlover%2C+Chris+J%3BWaite%2C+T+David&rft.aulast=Collins&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2016-03-15&rft.volume=177&rft.issue=&rft.spage=150&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2016.01.021 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 118 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-19 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aqueous solutions; chemical reactions; chlorides; complexing; crystal chemistry; crystal structure; data processing; Eh; EXAFS data; experimental studies; ferric iron; ferrihydrite; halides; hydrolysis; in situ; iron; metals; MINTEQA2; models; molecular structure; nitrates; oxides; oxygen; perchlorate; pH; phase equilibria; polymerization; potentiometry; precipitation; schwertmannite; sulfates; thermodynamic properties; water-rock interaction DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2016.01.021 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identification of uranyl minerals using oxygen k-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy AN - 1832602358; 772282-9 AB - Although most of the world's uranium exists as pitchblende or uraninite, this mineral can be weathered to a great variety of secondary uranium minerals, most containing the uranyl cation. Anthropogenic uranium compounds can also react in the environment, leading to spatial-chemical alterations that could be useful for nuclear forensics analyses. Soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) has the advantages of being non-destructive, element-specific and sensitive to electronic and physical structure. The soft X-ray probe can also be focused to a spot size on the order of tens of nanometres, providing chemical information with high spatial resolution. However, before XAS can be applied at high spatial resolution, it is necessary to find spectroscopic signatures for a variety of uranium compounds in the soft X-ray spectral region. To that end, we collected the near edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectra of a variety of common uranyl-bearing minerals, including uranyl carbonates, oxyhydroxides, phosphates and silicates. We find that uranyl compounds can be distinguished by class (carbonate, oxyhydroxide, phosphate or silicate) based on their oxygen K-edge absorption spectra. This work establishes a database of reference spectra for future spatially resolved analyses. We proceed to show scanning X-ray transmission microscopy (STXM) data from a schoepite particle in the presence of an unknown contaminant. Abstract Copyright (2015), International Association of Geoanalysts. JF - Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research AU - Ward, Jesse D AU - Bowden, Mark AU - Resch, C Tom AU - Smith, Steven AU - McNamara, Bruce K AU - Buck, Edgar C AU - Eiden, Gregory C AU - Duffin, Andrew M Y1 - 2016/03// PY - 2016 DA - March 2016 SP - 135 EP - 148 PB - Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of the International Association of Geoanalysts, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy VL - 40 IS - 1 SN - 1639-4488, 1639-4488 KW - transmission electron microscopy KW - methods KW - forensic geology KW - uranyl ion KW - techniques KW - X-ray spectra KW - uranium minerals KW - XANES spectra KW - microscope methods KW - identification KW - X-ray spectroscopy KW - X-ray analysis KW - oxides KW - pitchblende KW - spectra KW - spectroscopy KW - 01A:General mineralogy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832602358?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geostandards+and+Geoanalytical+Research&rft.atitle=Identification+of+uranyl+minerals+using+oxygen+k-edge+X-ray+absorption+spectroscopy&rft.au=Ward%2C+Jesse+D%3BBowden%2C+Mark%3BResch%2C+C+Tom%3BSmith%2C+Steven%3BMcNamara%2C+Bruce+K%3BBuck%2C+Edgar+C%3BEiden%2C+Gregory+C%3BDuffin%2C+Andrew+M&rft.aulast=Ward&rft.aufirst=Jesse&rft.date=2016-03-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=135&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geostandards+and+Geoanalytical+Research&rft.issn=16394488&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1751-908X.2015.00337.x L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1751-908X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Number of references - 61 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. table N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - forensic geology; identification; methods; microscope methods; oxides; pitchblende; spectra; spectroscopy; techniques; transmission electron microscopy; uranium minerals; uranyl ion; X-ray analysis; X-ray spectra; X-ray spectroscopy; XANES spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-908X.2015.00337.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evidence of technetium and iodine release from a sodalite-bearing ceramic waste form AN - 1793208862; 2016-047200 AB - Sodalites have been proposed as a possible host of certain radioactive species, specifically (super 99) Tc and (super 129) I, which may be encapsulated into the cage structure of the mineral. To demonstrate the ability of this framework silicate mineral to encapsulate and immobilize (super 99) Tc and (super 129) I, single-pass flow-through (SPFT) tests were conducted on a sodalite-bearing multi-phase ceramic waste form produced through a steam reforming process. Two samples made using a steam reformer samples were produced using non-radioactive I and Re (as a surrogate for Tc), while a third sample was produced using actual radioactive tank waste containing Tc and added Re. One of the non-radioactive samples was produced with an engineering-scale steam reformer while the other non-radioactive sample and the radioactive sample were produced using a bench-scale steam reformer. For all three steam reformer products, the similar steady-state dilute-solution release rates for Re, I, and Tc at pH (25 degrees C) = 9 and 40 degrees C were measured. However, it was found that the Re, I, and Tc releases were equal or up to 4.5x higher compared to the release rates of the network-forming elements, Na, Al, and Si. The similar releases of Re and Tc in the SPFT test, and the similar time-dependent shapes of the release curves for samples containing I, suggest that Re, Tc, and I partition to the sodalite minerals during the steam reforming process. Abstract Copyright (2016) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Applied Geochemistry AU - Neeway, James J AU - Qafoku, Nikolla P AU - Williams, Benjamin D AU - Snyder, Michelle M V AU - Brown, Christopher F AU - Pierce, Eric M Y1 - 2016/03// PY - 2016 DA - March 2016 SP - 210 EP - 218 PB - Elsevier, Oxford-New York-Beijing VL - 66 SN - 0883-2927, 0883-2927 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - hazardous waste KW - isotopes KW - halogens KW - mass spectra KW - reservoir rocks KW - radioactive waste KW - iodine KW - radioactive isotopes KW - I-129 KW - sodalite group KW - framework silicates KW - spectra KW - ceramic materials KW - pH KW - technetium KW - Washington KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - Tc-99 KW - ICP mass spectra KW - metals KW - reservoir properties KW - sodalite KW - waste disposal KW - crystal chemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1793208862?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Evidence+of+technetium+and+iodine+release+from+a+sodalite-bearing+ceramic+waste+form&rft.au=Neeway%2C+James+J%3BQafoku%2C+Nikolla+P%3BWilliams%2C+Benjamin+D%3BSnyder%2C+Michelle+M+V%3BBrown%2C+Christopher+F%3BPierce%2C+Eric+M&rft.aulast=Neeway&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2016-03-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=&rft.spage=210&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.issn=08832927&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.apgeochem.2015.12.017 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/08832927 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 56 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ceramic materials; crystal chemistry; framework silicates; halogens; Hanford Site; hazardous waste; I-129; ICP mass spectra; iodine; isotopes; mass spectra; metals; pH; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; silicates; sodalite; sodalite group; spectra; Tc-99; technetium; United States; Washington; waste disposal DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2015.12.017 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mechanisms Contributing to Suppressed Precipitation in Mt. Hua of Central China. Part I: Mountain Valley Circulation AN - 1790972025; PQ0003081389 AB - A significant reduction in precipitation in the past decades has been documented over many mountain ranges such as those in central and eastern China. Consistent with the increase of air pollution in these regions, it has been argued that the precipitation trend is linked to the aerosol microphysical effect on suppressing warm rain. Rigorous quantitative investigations on the reasons responsible for the precipitation reduction are lacking. In this study, an improved Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model with online coupled chemistry (WRF-Chem) is applied and simulations are conducted at the convection-permitting scale to explore the major mechanisms governing changes in precipitation from orographic clouds in the Mt. Hua area in central China. It is found that anthropogenic pollution contributes to a ~40% reduction of precipitation over Mt. Hua during the 1-month summertime period. The reduction is mainly associated with precipitation events associated with valley-mountain circulation and a mesoscale cold-front event. In this paper (Part I), the mechanism leading to a significant reduction for the cases associated with valley-mountain circulation is scrutinized. It is found that the valley breeze is weakened by aerosols as a result of absorbing aerosol-induced warming aloft and cooling near the surface as a result of aerosol-radiation interaction (ARI). The weakened valley breeze and the reduced water vapor in the valley due to reduced evapotranspiration as a result of surface cooling significantly reduce the transport of water vapor from the valley to mountain and the relative humidity over the mountain, thus suppressing convection and precipitation in the mountain. JF - Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences AU - Yang, Yan AU - Fan, Jiwen AU - Leung, L Ruby AU - Zhao, Chun AU - Li, Zhanqing AU - Rosenfeld, Daniel AD - Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, and College of Earth Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, and Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington Y1 - 2016/03// PY - 2016 DA - March 2016 SP - 1351 EP - 1366 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 United States VL - 73 IS - 3 SN - 0022-4928, 0022-4928 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Prediction KW - Convection KW - Relative humidity KW - Water Vapor KW - Atmospheric pollution models KW - Atmospheric sciences KW - Rainfall KW - Anthropogenic factors KW - Pollution effects KW - Convection development KW - Orographic clouds KW - Relative Humidity KW - Mountains KW - Atmospheric chemistry models KW - Air Pollution KW - Atmospheric precipitations KW - Weather KW - Aerosols KW - Water vapor KW - Precipitation trends KW - Atmospheric pollution effects KW - Simulation KW - Humidity KW - Atmospheric circulation KW - Evapotranspiration KW - Precipitation KW - Cooling KW - Valleys KW - Air pollution KW - Clouds KW - Numerical simulations KW - China, People's Rep. KW - Rain KW - O 5080:Legal/Governmental KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - SW 0810:General KW - Q2 09182:Methods and instruments KW - M2 556.13:Evaporation/Evapotranspiration (556.13) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1790972025?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Atmospheric+Sciences&rft.atitle=Mechanisms+Contributing+to+Suppressed+Precipitation+in+Mt.+Hua+of+Central+China.+Part+I%3A+Mountain+Valley+Circulation&rft.au=Yang%2C+Yan%3BFan%2C+Jiwen%3BLeung%2C+L+Ruby%3BZhao%2C+Chun%3BLi%2C+Zhanqing%3BRosenfeld%2C+Daniel&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=Yan&rft.date=2016-03-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1351&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Atmospheric+Sciences&rft.issn=00224928&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2FJAS-D-15-0233.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-05-01 N1 - Number of references - 61 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Clouds; Relative humidity; Convection; Prediction; Air pollution; Atmospheric precipitations; Aerosols; Atmospheric sciences; Pollution effects; Atmospheric pollution models; Numerical simulations; Precipitation trends; Atmospheric chemistry models; Atmospheric pollution effects; Evapotranspiration; Orographic clouds; Convection development; Atmospheric circulation; Precipitation; Weather; Water vapor; Rainfall; Anthropogenic factors; Humidity; Simulation; Valleys; Mountains; Rain; Air Pollution; Water Vapor; Cooling; Relative Humidity; China, People's Rep. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JAS-D-15-0233.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Os and U-Th isotope signatures of arc magmatism near Mount Mazama, Crater Lake, Oregon AN - 1789753232; 2016-042476 AB - Interaction of mantle melts with the continental crust can have significant effects on the composition of the resulting melts as well as on the crust itself, and tracing this interaction is key to our understanding of arc magmatism. Lava flows and pyroclastic deposits erupted from approximately 50 to 7.7 ka at Mt. Mazama (Crater Lake, Oregon) were analyzed for their Re/Os and U-Th isotopic compositions. Mafic lavas from monogenetic vents around Mt. Mazama that erupted during the buildup to its climactic eruption have lower (super 187) Os/ (super 188) Os ratios (0.1394 to 0.1956) and high (super 230) Th excess (( (super 230) Th/ (super 238) U) (sub 0) of 1.180 to 1.302), whereas dacites and rhyodacites tend to have higher (super 187) Os/ (super 188) Os ratios (0.2292 to 0.2788) and significant (super 238) U excess (( (super 230) Th/ (super 238) U) (sub 0) of 0.975 to 0.989). The less radiogenic Os isotope compositions of the mafic lavas can be modeled by assimilation of young ( approximately 2.5 to 7 Ma), mafic lower crust that was modified during regional extension, whereas the more radiogenic Os isotope compositions of the dacites and rhyodacites can be attributed to assimilation of older ( approximately 10 to 16 Ma), mid to upper crust that acquired its composition during an earlier period of Cascade magmatism. Production of Th excesses in the lower crust requires very young garnet formation accompanying dehydration melting in the lower crust at less than a few 100 ka by heat from recent basaltic magma injection. The results from this study suggest that the combination of Os and Th isotopes may be used to provide insights into the timescales of evolution of the continental crust in arc settings, as well as the influence of the crust on erupted magmas, and suggest a link between the age and composition of the lower and upper crust to regional tectonic extension and/or earlier Cascade magmatism. Abstract Copyright (2016) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Earth and Planetary Science Letters AU - Ankney, Meagan E AU - Shirey, Steven B AU - Hart, Garret L AU - Bacon, Charles R AU - Johnson, Clark M Y1 - 2016/03/01/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Mar 01 SP - 25 EP - 34 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 437 SN - 0012-821X, 0012-821X KW - United States KW - volcanic rocks KW - isotopes KW - igneous rocks KW - mantle KW - Crater Lake KW - continental crust KW - Os-188/Os-187 KW - Klamath County Oregon KW - platinum group KW - stable isotopes KW - melts KW - assimilation KW - Oregon KW - radioactive isotopes KW - melting KW - dacites KW - basaltic composition KW - lower crust KW - upper crust KW - lava flows KW - isotope ratios KW - magmatism KW - magma contamination KW - Mount Mazama KW - U-238/Th-230 KW - extension KW - Cascade Range KW - pyroclastics KW - island arcs KW - metals KW - magmas KW - eruptions KW - rhyodacites KW - thorium KW - osmium KW - uranium KW - dehydration KW - actinides KW - crust KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1789753232?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Earth+and+Planetary+Science+Letters&rft.atitle=Os+and+U-Th+isotope+signatures+of+arc+magmatism+near+Mount+Mazama%2C+Crater+Lake%2C+Oregon&rft.au=Ankney%2C+Meagan+E%3BShirey%2C+Steven+B%3BHart%2C+Garret+L%3BBacon%2C+Charles+R%3BJohnson%2C+Clark+M&rft.aulast=Ankney&rft.aufirst=Meagan&rft.date=2016-03-01&rft.volume=437&rft.issue=&rft.spage=25&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Earth+and+Planetary+Science+Letters&rft.issn=0012821X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.epsl.2015.12.001 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/0012821X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 63 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, geol. sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-19 N1 - CODEN - EPSLA2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; assimilation; basaltic composition; Cascade Range; continental crust; Crater Lake; crust; dacites; dehydration; eruptions; extension; igneous rocks; island arcs; isotope ratios; isotopes; Klamath County Oregon; lava flows; lower crust; magma contamination; magmas; magmatism; mantle; melting; melts; metals; Mount Mazama; Oregon; Os-188/Os-187; osmium; platinum group; pyroclastics; radioactive isotopes; rhyodacites; stable isotopes; thorium; U-238/Th-230; United States; upper crust; uranium; volcanic rocks DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2015.12.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - River stage influences on uranium transport in a hydrologically dynamic groundwater-surface water transition zone AN - 1787977544; PQ0002966919 AB - A well-field within a uranium (U) plume in the groundwater-surface water transition zone was monitored for a 3 year period for water table elevation and dissolved solutes. The plume discharges to the Columbia River, which displays a dramatic spring stage surge resulting from snowmelt. Groundwater exhibits a low hydrologic gradient and chemical differences with river water. River water intrudes the site in spring. Specific aims were to assess the impacts of river intrusion on dissolved uranium (U sub(aq)), specific conductance (SpC), and other solutes, and to discriminate between transport, geochemical, and source term heterogeneity effects. Time series trends for U sub(aq) and SpC were complex and displayed large temporal and well-to-well variability as a result of water table elevation fluctuations, river water intrusion, and changes in groundwater flow directions. The wells were clustered into subsets exhibiting common behaviors resulting from the intrusion dynamics of river water and the location of source terms. Hot-spots in U sub(aq) varied in location with increasing water table elevation through the combined effects of advection and source term location. Heuristic reactive transport modeling with PFLOTRAN demonstrated that mobilized U sub(aq) was transported between wells and source terms in complex trajectories, and was diluted as river water entered and exited the groundwater system. While U sub(aq) time-series concentration trends varied significantly from year-to-year as a result of climate-caused differences in the spring hydrograph, common and partly predictable response patterns were observed that were driven by water table elevation, and the extent and duration of river water intrusion. Key Points: * River water intrusion and retreat strongly influences a near shore groundwater plume * Solute concentrations in a flood plain aquifer groundwater plume are affected by river stage * Solute concentrations in wells show large spatial heterogeneity with common patterns JF - Water Resources Research AU - Zachara, John M AU - Chen, Xingyuan AU - Murray, Chris AU - Hammond, Glenn AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA. Y1 - 2016/03// PY - 2016 DA - March 2016 SP - 1568 EP - 1590 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ United States VL - 52 IS - 3 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Aquifer KW - Hot spots KW - Water resources KW - Time series analysis KW - Advection KW - Solutes KW - Rivers KW - River discharge KW - Brackish KW - Water Table KW - Surface-groundwater Relations KW - Groundwater KW - Aquifers KW - Hydrograph analysis KW - Snow melting KW - USA, Columbia R. KW - Shores KW - Water table KW - Groundwater Pollution KW - Uranium KW - Plumes KW - Climate KW - Geochemistry KW - River stages KW - Groundwater flow KW - Flood plains KW - River water KW - Elevation KW - Snowmelt KW - Water wells KW - Water resources research KW - Spatial Heterogeneity KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 0810:General KW - M2 556.16:Runoff (556.16) KW - Q2 09244:Air-sea coupling UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1787977544?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=River+stage+influences+on+uranium+transport+in+a+hydrologically+dynamic+groundwater-surface+water+transition+zone&rft.au=Zachara%2C+John+M%3BChen%2C+Xingyuan%3BMurray%2C+Chris%3BHammond%2C+Glenn&rft.aulast=Zachara&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2016-03-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1568&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2015WR018009 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aquifer; Solutes; Flood plains; River water; Uranium; River discharge; Water resources; Water table; Spatial Heterogeneity; Hydrograph analysis; Aquifers; Snow melting; Groundwater flow; River stages; Water resources research; Time series analysis; Advection; Rivers; Hot spots; Geochemistry; Climate; Shores; Snowmelt; Water wells; Groundwater; Plumes; Surface-groundwater Relations; Elevation; Groundwater Pollution; Water Table; USA, Columbia R.; Brackish DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015WR018009 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Conducting Slug Tests in Mini-Piezometers AN - 1785246291; PQ0002909698 AB - Slug tests performed using mini-piezometers with internal diameters as small as 0.43 cm can provide a cost effective tool for hydraulic characterization. We evaluated the hydraulic properties of the apparatus in a laboratory environment and compared those results with field tests of mini-piezometers installed into locations with varying hydraulic properties. Based on our evaluation, slug tests conducted in mini-piezometers using the fabrication and installation approach described here are effective within formations where the hydraulic conductivity is less than 1 10 super(-3) cm/s. While these constraints limit the potential application of this method, the benefits to this approach are that the installation, measurement, and analysis is cost effective, and the installation can be completed in areas where other (larger diameter) methods might not be possible. Additionally, this methodology could be applied to existing mini-piezometers previously installed for other purposes. Such analysis of existing installations could be beneficial in interpreting previously collected data (e.g., water-quality data or hydraulic head data). JF - Ground Water AU - Fritz, Bradley G AU - Mackley, Rob D AU - Arntzen, Evan V AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA, 99354. Y1 - 2016/03// PY - 2016 DA - March 2016 SP - 291 EP - 295 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 54 IS - 2 SN - 0017-467X, 0017-467X KW - Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Pollution Abstracts KW - Testing Procedures KW - Hydraulics KW - Field Tests KW - Water quality KW - Environmental factors KW - Installation KW - Costs KW - Evaluation KW - Gastropods (slugs) KW - Groundwater KW - Hydraulic Properties KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - Q2 09102:Institutes and organizations KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 6030:Hydraulic machinery KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1785246291?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water&rft.atitle=Conducting+Slug+Tests+in+Mini-Piezometers&rft.au=Fritz%2C+Bradley+G%3BMackley%2C+Rob+D%3BArntzen%2C+Evan+V&rft.aulast=Fritz&rft.aufirst=Bradley&rft.date=2016-03-01&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=291&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water&rft.issn=0017467X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fgwat.12335 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Environmental factors; Hydraulics; Water quality; Groundwater; Evaluation; Costs; Testing Procedures; Gastropods (slugs); Field Tests; Hydraulic Properties; Installation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12335 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Integrated process for the catalytic conversion of biomass-derived syngas into transportation fuels AN - 1780528269; PQ0002866407 AB - Efficient synthesis of renewable fuels that will enable cost competitiveness with petroleum-derived fuels remains a grand challenge. In this paper, we report on an integrated catalytic approach for producing transportation fuels from biomass-derived syngas. This novel process represents an alternative to conventional fuel synthesis routes (e.g., Fischer-Tropsch, Methanol-to-Gasoline) that have drawbacks, particularly at the scale of biomass. Composition of the resulting hydrocarbon fuel can be modulated to produce predominantly middle distillates, which is constantly increasing in demand compared to gasoline fraction. In this process biomass-derived syngas is first converted over an Rh-based catalyst into a complex aqueous mixture of condensable C sub(2) super(+) oxygenated compounds (predominantly ethanol, acetic acid, acetaldehyde, ethyl acetate). This multi-component aqueous mixture then is fed to a second reactor loaded with a ZnxZry Oz mixed oxide catalyst, which has tailored acid-base sites, to produce an olefin mixture rich in isobutene. The olefins then are oligomerized using a solid acid catalyst (e.g., Amberlyst-36) to form condensable olefins with molecular weights that can be targeted for gasoline, jet, and/or diesel fuel applications. The product rich in long-chain olefins (C sub(7) super(+)) is finally sent to a fourth reactor required for hydrogenation of the olefins into paraffin fuels. Simulated distillation of the hydrotreated oligomerized liquid product indicates that similar to 75% of the hydrocarbons (iso-paraffins and cyclic compounds) are in the jet-fuel range. Process optimization for the oligomerization step could further improve yield to the jet-fuel range. All of these catalytic steps have been demonstrated in sequence, thus providing proof-of-concept for a new integrated process for the production of drop-in biofuels. Overall, we demonstrate approximately 41% carbon efficiency for converting syngas into jet-range hydrocarbons. This unique and flexible process does not require external hydrogen and also could be applied to non-syngas derived feedstock, such as fermentation products (e.g., ethanol, acetic acid, etc.), other oxygenates, and mixtures thereof containing alcohols, acids, aldehydes and/or esters. JF - Green Chemistry AU - Dagle, Vanessa Lebarbier AU - Smith, Colin AU - Flake, Matthew AU - Albrecht, Karl O AU - Gray, Michel J AU - Ramasamy, Karthikeyan K AU - Dagle, Robert A AD - Energy and Environmental Directorate; Institute for Integrated Catalysis; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Richland; WA 99352; USA Y1 - 2016/03// PY - 2016 DA - March 2016 SP - 1880 EP - 1891 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry, c/o Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Secaucus New Jersey 07096 2485 United States VL - 18 IS - 7 SN - 1463-9262, 1463-9262 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Gasoline KW - Fermentation KW - Fuels KW - Hydrogen KW - Transportation KW - Carbon KW - Bioreactors KW - Zinc KW - oxides KW - Catalysts KW - Ethanol KW - Alcohol KW - Paraffin KW - Hydrocarbons KW - Oligomerization KW - Biomass KW - Esters KW - Acetic acid KW - Distillation KW - Renewable energy KW - Ethyl acetate KW - Diesel KW - Aldehydes KW - Competitiveness KW - W 30950:Waste Treatment & Pollution Clean-up KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1780528269?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Non-innocent+role+of+electron-mediating+ligands+in+reductive+dissolution+of+hematite&rft.au=Zarzycki%2C+Piotr%3BToczydlowska%2C+Diana%3BChatman%2C+Shawn%3BRosso%2C+Kevin%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zarzycki&rft.aufirst=Piotr&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=2582&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1180%2Fminmag.2013.077.5.26 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Paraffin; Fermentation; Hydrocarbons; Gasoline; Fuels; Oligomerization; Hydrogen; Esters; Biomass; Acetic acid; Carbon; Bioreactors; Ethyl acetate; oxides; Diesel; Catalysts; Aldehydes; Competitiveness; Ethanol; Alcohol; Transportation; Renewable energy; Distillation; Zinc DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5gc02298c ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of long-term surface-retrieved cloud droplet number concentration with in situ aircraft observations AN - 1780524620; PQ0002865237 AB - A new operational retrieval of cloud droplet number concentration (N sub(D)) at cloud base has been produced from surface remote sensors at the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Southern Great Plains site for 13years from January 1998 to January 2011. The retrieval is based on surface radiometer measurements of cloud optical depth from the multifilter rotating shadow band radiometer and liquid water path from the microwave radiometer (MWR). It is only applicable for single-layered overcast warm (stratus or stratocumulus) clouds. Evaluation with in situ aircraft measurements during the extended-term aircraft field campaign, Routine ARM Aerial Facility (AAF) Clouds with Low Optical Water Depths (CLOWD) Optical Radiative Observations (RACORO), shows that the retrieved N sub(D) robustly reproduces the primary mode of the in situ measured probability density function (PDF) but produces too wide a distribution, primarily caused by frequent high cloud droplet number concentration. Our analysis shows that the error in the MWR retrievals at low liquid water paths is one possible reason for this deficiency. Modification through the diagnosed liquid water path from the coordinate solution improves not only the PDF of the retrieved N sub(D) but also the relationship between the cloud droplet number concentration and cloud droplet effective radius. Consideration of entrainment effects rather than assuming an adiabatic cloud improves the values of the N sub(D) retrieval by reducing the magnitude of cloud droplet number concentration. Aircraft measurements and retrieval comparisons suggest that retrieving the vertical distribution of cloud droplet number concentration and effective radius is feasible with an improvement of the parameter representing the mixing effects between environment and clouds and with a better understanding of the effect of mixing degree on cloud properties. Key Points * New ARM droplet number concentration data product evaluated with aircraft data * Adiabaticity parameter improves retrieval but still gives high values in low LWP * Using diagnosed liquid water path from coordinated MFRSR and MWR retrieval improves solution JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres AU - Lim, Kyo-Sun Sunny AU - Riihimaki, Laura AU - Comstock, Jennifer M AU - Schmid, Beat AU - Sivaraman, Chitra AU - Shi, Yan AU - McFarquhar, Greg M AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA. Y1 - 2016/03// PY - 2016 DA - March 2016 SP - 2318 EP - 2331 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ United States VL - 121 IS - 5 SN - 2169-897X, 2169-897X KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Entrainment KW - Droplets KW - Sensors KW - Environmental factors KW - High level clouds KW - Evaluation KW - Radiometers KW - Microwaves KW - Aircraft KW - Radiation KW - Water Depth KW - Cloud properties KW - Vertical distribution KW - Density KW - Atmospheric radiation measurements KW - Aircraft observations KW - Vertical Distribution KW - Probability density function KW - Microwave radiometers KW - Cloud droplet concentration KW - Clouds KW - Cloud optical depth KW - Shadows KW - Downward long wave radiation KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - M2 551.521:Radiation (551.521) KW - SW 0810:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1780524620?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+long-term+surface-retrieved+cloud+droplet+number+concentration+with+in+situ+aircraft+observations&rft.au=Lim%2C+Kyo-Sun+Sunny%3BRiihimaki%2C+Laura%3BComstock%2C+Jennifer+M%3BSchmid%2C+Beat%3BSivaraman%2C+Chitra%3BShi%2C+Yan%3BMcFarquhar%2C+Greg+M&rft.aulast=Lim&rft.aufirst=Kyo-Sun&rft.date=2016-03-01&rft.volume=121&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=2318&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.issn=2169897X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2015JD024082 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Radiometers; Clouds; Vertical distribution; Droplets; Sensors; Downward long wave radiation; Environmental factors; Microwave radiometers; Entrainment; Atmospheric radiation measurements; Cloud optical depth; Aircraft observations; Shadows; Cloud properties; Probability density function; High level clouds; Cloud droplet concentration; Evaluation; Microwaves; Radiation; Aircraft; Density; Vertical Distribution; Water Depth DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015JD024082 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessing decision support systems and levels of confidence to narrow the climate information "usability gap" AN - 1776664012; PQ0002815580 AB - This article focuses on the implications for the US National Climate Assessment (NCA) of diversifying information needs to support climate change risk management. It describes how the Third US National Climate Assessment (NCA3) evolved to begin to narrow the gap between information from climate and impact scientists and "intermediaries" (individuals who have expertise in climate science, communication, and decision-support processes)-who are sometimes collectively described as "producers" in this article-and the decision-making needs of a wide range of "users" (individuals involved in advising or making a wide range of policy and management decisions). One step in the evolution of the NCA3 included adding a chapter to assess decision-support tools and systems being used in climate-related decisions. Another involved efforts to improve characterization of the level of confidence of NCA3 authors in their findings to help decision-makers and their advisors differentiate well-established and more preliminary conclusions. This paper lays out an argument for increasing the role of the NCA in assessing decision-support systems in the Fourth Assessment (NCA4) and the Sustained Assessment. It also briefly reviews approaches and potential next steps related to characterizing uncertainty and communicating confidence intended to improve application of assessment findings by decision-makers. JF - Climatic Change AU - Moss, Richard H AD - Joint Global Change Research Institute, Pacific NW National Laboratory and University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA, rhm@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2016/03// PY - 2016 DA - March 2016 SP - 143 EP - 155 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 135 IS - 1 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Artificial intelligence KW - Policies KW - Decision support systems KW - Climate KW - Public policy and climate KW - Climate change KW - Ecosystem disturbance KW - Risk management KW - Communications KW - Reviews KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - ENA 20:Weather Modification & Geophysical Change UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1776664012?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=Assessing+decision+support+systems+and+levels+of+confidence+to+narrow+the+climate+information+%22usability+gap%22&rft.au=Moss%2C+Richard+H&rft.aulast=Moss&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2016-03-01&rft.volume=135&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=143&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10584-015-1549-1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-03-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Policies; Climate change; Ecosystem disturbance; Public policy and climate; Risk management; Artificial intelligence; Communications; Reviews; Decision support systems; Climate DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-015-1549-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of phosphate on U(VI) sorption to montmorillonite; ternary complexation and precipitation barriers AN - 1793209619; 2016-047258 AB - Phosphate addition is a potential treatment method to lower the solubility of U(VI) in soil and groundwater systems by causing U(VI) phosphate precipitation as well as enhancing adsorption. Previous work has shown that iron oxide surfaces may facilitate the nucleation of U(VI) phosphate minerals and, that under weakly acidic conditions, phosphate also enhances U(VI) adsorption to such phases. Like iron oxides, clays are important reactive phases in the subsurface but little is known about the interaction of U(VI) and phosphate with these minerals. The effect of aqueous phosphate on U(VI) binding to Wyoming montmorillonite (SWy-2) in air-equilibrated systems was investigated. Equilibrium U(VI) uptake to montmorillonite was determined at pH 4, 6 and 8 at discrete initial phosphate concentrations between 0 and 100 mu M. The observed behavior of U(VI) indicates a transition from adsorption to precipitation with increasing total uranium and phosphate concentrations at all pH values. At the highest phosphate concentration examined at each pH value, a barrier to U(VI) phosphate nucleation is observed. At lower concentrations, phosphate has no effect on macroscopic U(VI) adsorption. To assess the mechanisms of U(VI)-phosphate interactions on smectite surfaces, U(VI) speciation was investigated under selected conditions using laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy (LIFS) and extended X-ray absorption fine-structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy. Samples above the precipitation threshold display EXAFS and LIFS spectral signatures consistent with the autunite family of U(VI) phosphate minerals. However, at lower U(VI) concentrations, changes in LIFS spectra upon phosphate addition suggest that U(VI)-phosphate ternary surface complexes form on the montmorillonite surface at pH 4 and 6 despite the lack of a macroscopic effect on adsorption. The speciation of solid-associated U(VI) below the precipitation threshold at pH 8 is dominated by U(VI)-carbonate surface complexes. This work reveals that ternary complexation may occur without a macroscopic signature, which is attributed to phosphate not appreciably binding to smectite in the absence of U(VI), with U(VI) surface complexes serving as the sole reactive surface sites for phosphate. This study shows that phosphate does not enhance U(VI) adsorption to smectite clay minerals, unlike oxide phases, and that a barrier to homogeneous nucleation of U(VI) phosphates was not affected by the presence of the smectite surface. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Troyer, Lyndsay D AU - Maillot, Fabien AU - Wang, Zheming AU - Wang, Zimeng AU - Mehta, Vrajesh S AU - Giammar, Daniel E AU - Catalano, Jeffrey G Y1 - 2016/02/15/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Feb 15 SP - 86 EP - 99 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 175 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - silicates KW - sorption KW - iron oxides KW - complexing KW - Wyoming montmorillonite KW - remediation KW - chemical reactions KW - phase equilibria KW - X-ray fluorescence spectra KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - water pollution KW - pH KW - montmorillonite KW - experimental studies KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - phosphates KW - adsorption KW - solubility KW - clay minerals KW - nucleation KW - soil pollution KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - EXAFS data KW - sheet silicates KW - uranium KW - reactive barriers KW - crystal chemistry KW - actinides KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1793209619?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Effect+of+phosphate+on+U%28VI%29+sorption+to+montmorillonite%3B+ternary+complexation+and+precipitation+barriers&rft.au=Troyer%2C+Lyndsay+D%3BMaillot%2C+Fabien%3BWang%2C+Zheming%3BWang%2C+Zimeng%3BMehta%2C+Vrajesh+S%3BGiammar%2C+Daniel+E%3BCatalano%2C+Jeffrey+G&rft.aulast=Troyer&rft.aufirst=Lyndsay&rft.date=2016-02-15&rft.volume=175&rft.issue=&rft.spage=86&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2015.11.029 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 96 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-18 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; adsorption; chemical reactions; clay minerals; complexing; crystal chemistry; EXAFS data; experimental studies; iron oxides; metals; montmorillonite; nucleation; oxides; pH; phase equilibria; phosphates; pollutants; pollution; precipitation; reactive barriers; remediation; sheet silicates; silicates; soil pollution; solubility; sorption; spectra; uranium; water pollution; Wyoming montmorillonite; X-ray fluorescence spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2015.11.029 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Passive samplers accurately predict PAH levels in resident crayfish. AN - 1764341334; 26674706 AB - Contamination of resident aquatic organisms is a major concern for environmental risk assessors. However, collecting organisms to estimate risk is often prohibitively time and resource-intensive. Passive sampling accurately estimates resident organism contamination, and it saves time and resources. This study used low density polyethylene (LDPE) passive water samplers to predict polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) levels in signal crayfish, Pacifastacus leniusculus. Resident crayfish were collected at 5 sites within and outside of the Portland Harbor Superfund Megasite (PHSM) in the Willamette River in Portland, Oregon. LDPE deployment was spatially and temporally paired with crayfish collection. Crayfish visceral and tail tissue, as well as water-deployed LDPE, were extracted and analyzed for 62 PAHs using GC-MS/MS. Freely-dissolved concentrations (Cfree) of PAHs in water were calculated from concentrations in LDPE. Carcinogenic risks were estimated for all crayfish tissues, using benzo[a]pyrene equivalent concentrations (BaPeq). ∑PAH were 5-20 times higher in viscera than in tails, and ∑BaPeq were 6-70 times higher in viscera than in tails. Eating only tail tissue of crayfish would therefore significantly reduce carcinogenic risk compared to also eating viscera. Additionally, PAH levels in crayfish were compared to levels in crayfish collected 10 years earlier. PAH levels in crayfish were higher upriver of the PHSM and unchanged within the PHSM after the 10-year period. Finally, a linear regression model predicted levels of 34 PAHs in crayfish viscera with an associated R-squared value of 0.52 (and a correlation coefficient of 0.72), using only the Cfree PAHs in water. On average, the model predicted PAH concentrations in crayfish tissue within a factor of 2.4 ± 1.8 of measured concentrations. This affirms that passive water sampling accurately estimates PAH contamination in crayfish. Furthermore, the strong predictive ability of this simple model suggests that it could be easily adapted to predict contamination in other shellfish of concern. JF - The Science of the total environment AU - Paulik, L Blair AU - Smith, Brian W AU - Bergmann, Alan J AU - Sower, Greg J AU - Forsberg, Norman D AU - Teeguarden, Justin G AU - Anderson, Kim A AD - Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States. ; Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States; Ramboll ENVIRON US Corporation, 2111 East Highland Avenue, Suite 402, Phoenix, AZ 85016, United States. ; Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States; Health Effects and Exposure Science, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, United States. ; Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States. Electronic address: kim.anderson@oregonstate.edu. Y1 - 2016/02/15/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Feb 15 SP - 782 EP - 791 VL - 544 KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Index Medicus KW - Passive sampling KW - Shellfish KW - Superfund site KW - Predictive modeling KW - Industrial pollution KW - Human health risk assessment KW - Oregon KW - Animals KW - Astacoidea -- metabolism KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons -- metabolism KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- metabolism KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1764341334?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Science+of+the+total+environment&rft.atitle=Passive+samplers+accurately+predict+PAH+levels+in+resident+crayfish.&rft.au=Paulik%2C+L+Blair%3BSmith%2C+Brian+W%3BBergmann%2C+Alan+J%3BSower%2C+Greg+J%3BForsberg%2C+Norman+D%3BTeeguarden%2C+Justin+G%3BAnderson%2C+Kim+A&rft.aulast=Paulik&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2016-02-15&rft.volume=544&rft.issue=&rft.spage=782&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Science+of+the+total+environment&rft.issn=1879-1026&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.scitotenv.2015.11.142 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-10-19 N1 - Date created - 2016-02-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-18 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Sci Total Environ. 2013 Jun 1;454-455:328-36 [23562685] Environ Pollut. 2014 Oct;193:71-8 [25009960] Chemosphere. 2011 Oct;85(6):920-7 [21741671] J Agric Food Chem. 2011 Aug 10;59(15):8108-16 [21732651] Ecotoxicology. 2011 Aug;20(6):1411-21 [21594573] Environ Sci Technol. 2009 Apr 1;43(7):2206-15 [19452865] Environ Sci Technol. 2008 Dec 15;42(24):9065-71 [19174872] Environ Toxicol Chem. 2008 Jul;27(7):1621-32 [18271647] Environ Sci Technol. 2008 Jun 15;42(12):4486-93 [18605575] Environ Pollut. 2006 Nov;144(2):365-70 [16631287] Environ Sci Technol. 2006 Jun 15;40(12):3893-900 [16830558] Mar Pollut Bull. 2005 Jul;50(7):740-50 [15993141] Environ Mol Mutagen. 2005 Mar-Apr;45(2-3):106-14 [15688365] Mutat Res. 1999 Jul 15;443(1-2):139-47 [10415437] Comp Biochem Physiol C Pharmacol Toxicol Endocrinol. 1998 Nov;121(1-3):157-72 [9972457] Comp Biochem Physiol C Pharmacol Toxicol Endocrinol. 1997 Nov;118(3):369-74 [9467887] Environ Toxicol Chem. 2004 Jul;23(7):1617-28 [15230313] Environ Sci Technol. 2002 Jan 1;36(1):85-91 [11811495] J Chromatogr A. 2000 May 19;879(1):83-95 [10870697] Environ Toxicol Chem. 2012 Dec;31(12):2877-87 [23001962] Chemosphere. 2015 May;127:10-7 [25613644] Environ Toxicol Chem. 2015 May;34(5):993-1000 [25598269] Environ Toxicol Chem. 2015 Aug;34(8):1720-33 [26039657] Environ Health Perspect. 2014 Jan;122(1):6-9 [24213154] Mar Pollut Bull. 2014 Apr 30;81(2):347-54 [23683585] Environ Sci Technol. 2014 Jun 3;48(11):6291-9 [24800862] J Chromatogr A. 2015 Nov 6;1419:89-98 [26454790] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.11.142 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evapotranspiration of rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) cultivated at two plantation sites in Southeast Asia AN - 1812217336; 2016-070527 AB - To investigate the effects of expanding rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) cultivation on water cycling in Mainland Southeast Asia (MSEA), evapotranspiration (ET) was measured within rubber plantations at Bueng Kan, Thailand, and Kampong Cham, Cambodia. After energy closure adjustment, mean annual rubber ET was 1211 and 1459 mm yr (super -1) at the Thailand and Cambodia sites, respectively, higher than that of other tree-dominated land covers in the region, including tropical seasonal forest (812-1140 mm yr (super -1) ), and savanna (538-1060 mm yr (super -1) ). The mean proportion of net radiation used for ET by rubber (0.725) is similar to that of tropical rainforest (0.729) and much higher than that of tropical seasonal forest (0.595) and savanna (0.548). Plant area index (varies with leaf area changes), explains 88.2% and 73.1% of the variance in the ratio of latent energy flux (energy equivalent of ET) to potential latent energy flux (LE/LE (sub pot) ) for midday rain-free periods at the Thailand and Cambodia sites, respectively. High annual rubber ET results from high late dry season water use, associated with rapid refoliation by this brevideciduous species, facilitated by tapping of deep soil water, and by very high wet season ET, a characteristic of deciduous trees. Spatially, mean annual rubber ET increases strongly with increasing net radiation (R (sub n) ) across the three available rubber plantation observation sites, unlike nonrubber tropical ecosystems, which reduce canopy conductance at high R (sub n) sites. High water use by rubber raises concerns about potential effects of continued expansion of tree plantations on water and food security in MSEA. Abstract Copyright (2016), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Giambelluca, Thomas W AU - Mudd, Ryan G AU - Liu, Wen AU - Ziegler, Alan D AU - Kobayashi, Nakako AU - Kumagai, Tomo'omi AU - Miyazawa, Yoshiyuki AU - Lim, Tiva Khan AU - Huang, Maoyi AU - Fox, Jefferson AU - Yin, Song AU - Mak, Sophea Veasna AU - Kasemsap, Poonpipope Y1 - 2016/02// PY - 2016 DA - February 2016 SP - 660 EP - 679 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 52 IS - 2 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - hydrology KW - Plantae KW - Hevea brasiliensis KW - Far East KW - Kampong Cham Cambodia KW - Thailand KW - agriculture KW - evapotranspiration KW - Bueng Kan Thailand KW - Cambodia KW - Indochina KW - Southeast Asia KW - Asia KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1812217336?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Effect+of+hafnium+on+glass+structure+and+dissolution&rft.au=Pierce%2C+E+M%3BKerisit%2C+S+N%3BAngeli%2C+F%3BCharpentier%2C+T%3BIcenhower%2C+J+P%3BHopf%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Pierce&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1968&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1180%2Fminmag.2013.077.5.16 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 72 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-18 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agriculture; Asia; Bueng Kan Thailand; Cambodia; evapotranspiration; Far East; Hevea brasiliensis; hydrology; Indochina; Kampong Cham Cambodia; Plantae; Southeast Asia; Thailand DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015WR017755 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Total Organic Aqueous Redox Flow Battery Employing a Low Cost and Sustainable Methyl Viologen Anolyte and 4-HO-TEMPO Catholyte AN - 1800475653; PQ0002763431 AB - Increasing worldwide energy demands and rising CO sub(2) emissions have motivated a search for new technologies to take advantage of renewables such as solar and wind energies. Redox flow batteries (RFBs) with their high power density, high energy efficiency, scalability (up to MW and MWh), and safety features are one suitable option for integrating such energy sources and overcoming their intermittency. However, resource limitation and high system costs of current RFB technologies impede wide implementation. Here, a total organic aqueous redox flow battery (OARFB) is reported, using low-cost and sustainable methyl viologen (MV, anolyte) and 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl (4-HO-TEMPO, catholyte), and benign NaCl supporting electrolyte. The electrochemical properties of the organic redox active materials are studied using cyclic voltammetry and rotating disk electrode voltammetry. The MV/4-HO-TEMPO ARFB has an exceptionally high cell voltage, 1.25 V. Prototypes of the organic ARFB can be operated at high current densities ranging from 20 to 100 mA cm super(2), and deliver stable capacity for 100 cycles with nearly 100% Coulombic efficiency. The MV/4-HO-TEMPO ARFB displays attractive technical merits and thus represents a major advance in ARFBs. Low-cost redox active materials are critical to achieving cost effective redox flow battery technology based, large-scale energy storage. An organic aqueous redox flow battery is reported, using a low-cost and sustainable methyl viologen (MV) and 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl (4-HO-TEMPO) redox couple, and a benign NaCl supporting electrolyte. The MV/4-HO-TEMPO flow battery has a high cell voltage of 1.25 V with excellent cycling performance. JF - Advanced Energy Materials AU - Liu, Tianbiao AU - Wei, Xiaoliang AU - Nie, Zimin AU - Sprenkle, Vincent AU - Wang, Wei AD - Energy Process and Materials Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), P. O. Box 999, Richland, WA, 99352, USA. Y1 - 2016/02// PY - 2016 DA - February 2016 SP - [np] PB - Wiley-Blackwell, Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD United Kingdom VL - 6 IS - 3 SN - 1614-6832, 1614-6832 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); ANTE: Abstracts in New Technologies and Engineering (AN); Aerospace & High Technology Database (AH) KW - Rechargeable batteries KW - Costs KW - Electrolytic cells KW - Voltage KW - Electric potential KW - Anolytes KW - Voltammetry KW - Sustainability KW - Yes:(AN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1800475653?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advanced+Energy+Materials&rft.atitle=A+Total+Organic+Aqueous+Redox+Flow+Battery+Employing+a+Low+Cost+and+Sustainable+Methyl+Viologen+Anolyte+and+4-HO-TEMPO+Catholyte&rft.au=Liu%2C+Tianbiao%3BWei%2C+Xiaoliang%3BNie%2C+Zimin%3BSprenkle%2C+Vincent%3BWang%2C+Wei&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Tianbiao&rft.date=2016-02-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=%5Bnp%5D&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advanced+Energy+Materials&rft.issn=16146832&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Faenm.201501449 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-30 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201501449 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Moist Process Biases in Simulations of the Madden-Julian Oscillation Episodes Observed during the AMIE/DYNAMO Field Campaign AN - 1790966125; PQ0003081481 AB - Two Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO) episodes observed during the 2011 Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program MJO Investigation Experiment (AMIE)/DYNAMO field campaign are simulated using a regional model with various cumulus parameterizations, a regional cloud-permitting model, and a global variable-resolution model with a high-resolution region centered over the tropical Indian Ocean. Model biases in relationships relevant to existing instability theories of MJO are examined and their relative contributions to the overall model errors are quantified using a linear statistical model. The model simulations capture the observed approximately log-linear relationship between moisture saturation fraction and precipitation, but precipitation associated with the given saturation fraction is overestimated especially at low saturation fraction values. This bias is a major contributor to the excessive precipitation during the suppressed phase of MJO. After accounting for this bias using a linear statistical model, the spatial and temporal structures of the model-simulated MJO episodes are much improved, and what remains of the biases is strongly correlated with biases in saturation fraction. The excess precipitation bias during the suppressed phase of the MJO episodes is accompanied by excessive column-integrated radiative forcing and surface evaporation. A large portion of the bias in evaporation is related to biases in wind speed, which are correlated with those of precipitation. These findings suggest that the precipitation bias sustains itself at least partly by cloud radiative feedbacks and convection-surface wind interactions. JF - Journal of Climate AU - Hagos, Samson M AU - Feng, Zhe AU - Burleyson, Casey D AU - Zhao, Chun AU - Martini, Matus N AU - Berg, Larry K AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington Y1 - 2016/02// PY - 2016 DA - February 2016 SP - 1091 EP - 1107 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 United States VL - 29 IS - 3 SN - 0894-8755, 0894-8755 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Circulation/ Dynamics KW - Deep convection KW - Madden-Julian oscillation KW - Models and modeling KW - Cloud parameterizations KW - Cloud resolving models KW - Convective parameterization KW - Evaporation KW - Statistical analysis KW - Wind speed KW - Radiative forcing KW - Radiation KW - Ocean-atmosphere system KW - Wind KW - Modelling KW - Atmospheric precipitations KW - Marine KW - Climate models KW - Atmospheric radiation measurements KW - Climates KW - Statistical models KW - Brackish KW - Precipitation KW - Saturation KW - Model Studies KW - Clouds KW - Numerical simulations KW - Regional-scale models KW - ISW, Tropical Indian Ocean KW - Oceans KW - Statistical Models KW - Downward long wave radiation KW - Instability KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0810:General KW - Q2 09244:Air-sea coupling KW - M2 556.13:Evaporation/Evapotranspiration (556.13) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1790966125?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Climate&rft.atitle=Moist+Process+Biases+in+Simulations+of+the+Madden-Julian+Oscillation+Episodes+Observed+during+the+AMIE%2FDYNAMO+Field+Campaign&rft.au=Hagos%2C+Samson+M%3BFeng%2C+Zhe%3BBurleyson%2C+Casey+D%3BZhao%2C+Chun%3BMartini%2C+Matus+N%3BBerg%2C+Larry+K&rft.aulast=Hagos&rft.aufirst=Samson&rft.date=2016-02-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1091&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Climate&rft.issn=08948755&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2FJCLI-D-15-0349.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-05-01 N1 - Number of references - 70 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Clouds; Wind speed; Atmospheric precipitations; Statistical models; Ocean-atmosphere system; Downward long wave radiation; Modelling; Radiative forcing; Climate models; Numerical simulations; Regional-scale models; Evaporation; Atmospheric radiation measurements; Statistical analysis; Precipitation; Instability; Madden-Julian oscillation; Radiation; Oceans; Climates; Statistical Models; Saturation; Wind; Model Studies; ISW, Tropical Indian Ocean; Marine; Brackish DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0349.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A projection of changes in landfalling atmospheric river frequency and extreme precipitation over western North America from the Large Ensemble CESM simulations AN - 1776669047; PQ0002777330 AB - Simulations from the Community Earth System Model (CESM) Large Ensemble project are analyzed to investigate the impact of global warming on atmospheric rivers (ARs) making landfall in western North America. The model has notable biases in simulating the subtropical jet position and the relationship between extreme precipitation and moisture transport. After accounting for these biases, the model projects an ensemble mean increase of 35% in the number of landfalling AR days between the last 20years of the twentieth and 21st centuries under Representative concentration pathway 8.5 (RCP8.5). However, the associated extreme precipitation days increase only by 28% because the moisture transport required to produce extreme precipitation also increases with warming. Internal variability introduces an uncertainty of plus or minus 8% and plus or minus 7% in the changes in AR days and associated extreme precipitation days compared to only about 1% difference from accountings for model biases. The significantly larger mean changes compared to internal variability, and effects of model biases highlight the robust AR responses to global warming. Key Points * ARs and related extreme precipitation days will increase with global warming * The model response is larger than the uncertainty from bias and natural variability * Increase in the frequency of AR extreme precipitation days is smaller than in AR days JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Hagos, Samson M AU - Leung, LRuby AU - Yoon, Jin-Ho AU - Lu, Jian AU - Gao, Yang AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. Y1 - 2016/02// PY - 2016 DA - February 2016 SP - 1357 EP - 1363 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ United States VL - 43 IS - 3 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Variability KW - Rainfall KW - Moisture transport KW - Climate change KW - Freshwater KW - Modelling KW - Atmospheric precipitations KW - Rivers KW - North America KW - Simulation Analysis KW - Natural variability KW - Environmental impact KW - Simulation KW - Greenhouse effect KW - Precipitation KW - Global Warming KW - Ecosystem disturbance KW - Numerical simulations KW - Global warming KW - Precipitation days KW - Q2 09262:Methods and instruments KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - SW 0810:General KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - M2 551.588:Environmental Influences (551.588) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1776669047?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=A+projection+of+changes+in+landfalling+atmospheric+river+frequency+and+extreme+precipitation+over+western+North+America+from+the+Large+Ensemble+CESM+simulations&rft.au=Hagos%2C+Samson+M%3BLeung%2C+LRuby%3BYoon%2C+Jin-Ho%3BLu%2C+Jian%3BGao%2C+Yang&rft.aulast=Hagos&rft.aufirst=Samson&rft.date=2016-02-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1357&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2015GL067392 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Atmospheric precipitations; Climate change; Environmental impact; Greenhouse effect; Ecosystem disturbance; Modelling; Numerical simulations; Moisture transport; Natural variability; Global warming; Precipitation; Precipitation days; Rainfall; Simulation; Variability; Simulation Analysis; Global Warming; North America; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015GL067392 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nepheline structural and chemical dependence on melt composition AN - 1773799943; 2016-025588 AB - Nepheline crystallizes upon slow-cooling in some melts concentrated in Na (sub 2) O and Al (sub 2) O (sub 3) , which can result in a residual glass phase of low chemical durability. Nepheline can incorporate many components often found in high-level waste radioactive borosilicate glass, including glass network ions (e.g., Si, Al, Fe), alkali metals (e.g., Cs, K, Na, and possibly Li), alkaline-earth metals (e.g., Ba, Sr, Ca, Mg), and transition metals (e.g., Mn, and possibly Cr, Zn, Ni). When crystallized from melts of different compositions, nepheline composition varies as a function of starting melt composition. Five simulated high-level nuclear waste borosilicate glasses shown to crystallize large fractions of nepheline on slow-cooling were selected for study. These starting melt compositions contained a range of Al (sub 2) O (sub 3) , B (sub 2) O (sub 3) , CaO, Na (sub 2) O, K (sub 2) O, Fe (sub 2) O (sub 3) , and SiO (sub 2) concentrations. Compositional analyses of nepheline crystals in glass by electron probe micro-analysis (EPMA) indicate that nepheline is generally rich in silica, whereas boron is unlikely to be present in any significant concentration, if at all, in nepheline. Also, several models are presented for calculating the fraction of vacancies in the nepheline structure. JF - American Mineralogist AU - Marcial, Jose AU - Crum, Jarrod AU - Neill, Owen AU - McCloy, John Y1 - 2016/02// PY - 2016 DA - February 2016 SP - 266 EP - 276 PB - Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC VL - 101 IS - 2 SN - 0003-004X, 0003-004X KW - silicates KW - silicate melts KW - electron microscopy data KW - crystal structure KW - melts KW - radioactive waste KW - electron probe data KW - borosilicates KW - nepheline KW - crystallization KW - nepheline group KW - framework silicates KW - waste disposal KW - crystal chemistry KW - chemical composition KW - glass materials KW - SEM data KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1773799943?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=Nepheline+structural+and+chemical+dependence+on+melt+composition&rft.au=Marcial%2C+Jose%3BCrum%2C+Jarrod%3BNeill%2C+Owen%3BMcCloy%2C+John&rft.aulast=Marcial&rft.aufirst=Jose&rft.date=2016-02-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=266&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Mineralogist&rft.issn=0003004X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1180%2Fminmag.2013.077.5.13 L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/AmMin/TOC/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 67 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 7 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-17 N1 - CODEN - AMMIAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - borosilicates; chemical composition; crystal chemistry; crystal structure; crystallization; electron microscopy data; electron probe data; framework silicates; glass materials; melts; nepheline; nepheline group; radioactive waste; SEM data; silicate melts; silicates; waste disposal DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/am-2016-5370 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methanogenesis-induced pH-Eh shifts drives aqueous metal(loid) mobility in sulfide mineral systems under CO (sub 2) -enriched conditions AN - 1789747996; 2016-044568 AB - To better understand the role of CO (sub 2) -utilizing processes in determining geochemical outcomes in CO (sub 2) -impacted, reduced subsurface environments; we studied hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis (a key process across a range of subsurface systems) and associated changes in CO (sub 2) -CH (sub 4) , pH-Eh and metal(loid) dynamics in CO (sub 2) -enriched pyrite-, arsenopyrite- and galena-containing batch reactors. Hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis proceeded via two first-order, microbially-mediated steps. The first involved microbially-enhanced gas-to-solution transfer of CO (sub 2) with a rate constant of 0.95 + or - 0.20 d (super -1) (compared to 0.17 + or - 0.34 d (super -1) in non-methanogenic reactors). The second step involved the pseudo-first order reduction of HCO (sub 3) (super -) -to-CH (sub 4) with a rate constant of 0.46 + or - 0.10 d (super -1) . Bicarbonate reduction accounted for 76% of the CO (sub 2) -C removed from the reactors' headspace and triggered a decrease in Eh (-0.215 to -0.332 V) and an increase in pH (6.93 to 8.03). No significant effect on dissolved Pb (or its release from galena) was observed but dissolved Fe decreased and dissolved As increased during methanogenesis. Changes in dissolved Fe and As were proportional to methanogenesis-induced pH-Eh shifts and attributable to an initial CO (sub 2) -induced release of As and Fe from arsenopyrite (and Fe from pyrite) with subsequent methanogenesis-induced increase in pH and electron activity triggering the precipitation of Fe, as amorphous FeCO (sub 3) .6H (sub 2) O. In addition to the role of methanogenesis in enhancing, (1) aqueous dissolution of CO (sub 2) , (2) CO (sub 2) to carbonate mineralization and (3) immobilization of some metals, our findings suggested that due to its occurrence after CO (sub 2) dissolution and before carbonate precipitation, extensive HCO (sub 3) (super -) -to-CH (sub 4) reduction would lower solubility- and mineral-trapping of CO (sub 2) . Such considerations are central to assessments of how CO (sub 2) -utilizing processes may alter long-term outcomes at geologic storage sites. Abstract Copyright (2016) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Harvey, Omar R AU - Qafoku, Nikolla P AU - Cantrell, Kirk J AU - Wilkins, Michael J AU - Brown, Christopher F Y1 - 2016/01/15/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Jan 15 SP - 232 EP - 245 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 173 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - metalloids KW - enrichment KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - global change KW - aqueous solutions KW - climate change KW - carbon dioxide KW - air pollution KW - chemical reactions KW - spectra KW - mineral assemblages KW - pH KW - Eh KW - climate KW - global warming KW - methane KW - pollutants KW - biochemistry KW - variance analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - electron microscopy data KW - alkanes KW - X-ray spectra KW - EDS spectra KW - models KW - organic compounds KW - biogenic processes KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - mathematical methods KW - hydrocarbons KW - mobilization KW - crystal chemistry KW - sulfides KW - SEM data KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1789747996?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Methanogenesis-induced+pH-Eh+shifts+drives+aqueous+metal%28loid%29+mobility+in+sulfide+mineral+systems+under+CO+%28sub+2%29+-enriched+conditions&rft.au=Harvey%2C+Omar+R%3BQafoku%2C+Nikolla+P%3BCantrell%2C+Kirk+J%3BWilkins%2C+Michael+J%3BBrown%2C+Christopher+F&rft.aulast=Harvey&rft.aufirst=Omar&rft.date=2016-01-15&rft.volume=173&rft.issue=&rft.spage=232&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2015.11.002 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 41 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-19 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air pollution; aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; aqueous solutions; biochemistry; biogenic processes; carbon dioxide; chemical reactions; climate; climate change; crystal chemistry; EDS spectra; Eh; electron microscopy data; enrichment; global change; global warming; hydrocarbons; mathematical methods; metalloids; metals; methane; microorganisms; mineral assemblages; mobilization; models; organic compounds; pH; pollutants; pollution; precipitation; SEM data; spectra; statistical analysis; sulfides; variance analysis; X-ray spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2015.11.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The global atmospheric loading of mineral dust aerosols AN - 1873351416; 2017-015390 AB - Mineral dust is one of the most ubiquitous aerosols in the atmosphere, with important effects on human health, the climate system, and loess formation. But despite its importance, the global atmospheric loading of dust has remained uncertain, with model results spanning about a factor of five. Here we constrain the particle size-resolved atmospheric dust loading and global emission rate, using a novel theoretical framework that uses experimental constraints on the optical properties and size distribution of dust to eliminate climate model errors due to assumed dust properties. We find that dust is by far the dominant atmospheric particle by mass, and that many climate models underestimate the global atmospheric loading and emission rate of dust aerosols. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Kok, Jasper F AU - Ridley, David A AU - Zhou, Qing AU - Zhao, Chun AU - Miller, Ron L AU - Heald, Colette L AU - Haustein, Karsten AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - Abstract no. 226 EP - 10 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 48 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1873351416?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=The+global+atmospheric+loading+of+mineral+dust+aerosols&rft.au=Kok%2C+Jasper+F%3BRidley%2C+David+A%3BZhou%2C+Qing%3BZhao%2C+Chun%3BMiller%2C+Ron+L%3BHeald%2C+Colette+L%3BHaustein%2C+Karsten%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kok&rft.aufirst=Jasper&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2016 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2017-03-02 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phosphate effect on uranium release from acidic reacted Hanford sediments AN - 1861112766; 782778-25 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Um, Wooyong AU - Wang, Guohui AU - Washton, Nancy M AU - Muller, Karl T AU - Chorover, Jon AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 3225 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 26 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1861112766?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Phosphate+effect+on+uranium+release+from+acidic+reacted+Hanford+sediments&rft.au=Um%2C+Wooyong%3BWang%2C+Guohui%3BWashton%2C+Nancy+M%3BMuller%2C+Karl+T%3BChorover%2C+Jon%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Um&rft.aufirst=Wooyong&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=&rft.spage=3225&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2016/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/3225.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2016 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fe(II) sorption onto different sites of clay mineral and its biooxidation activity AN - 1861112524; 782782-79 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Li, Zhang AU - Dong, Hailiang AU - Pentrak, Martin AU - Stucki, Joseph W AU - Kukkadapu, Ravi K AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 3679 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 26 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1861112524?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Fe%28II%29+sorption+onto+different+sites+of+clay+mineral+and+its+biooxidation+activity&rft.au=Li%2C+Zhang%3BDong%2C+Hailiang%3BPentrak%2C+Martin%3BStucki%2C+Joseph+W%3BKukkadapu%2C+Ravi+K%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Zhang&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=&rft.spage=3679&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2016/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/3679.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2016 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Imaging fracture networks using joint seismic and electrical change detection techniques AN - 1861110676; 787345-16 AB - Imaging fractures is a notoriously difficult task. Generally speaking this difficulty is attributed to the tortuous nature and fine structure in fractured systems. These features are often challenging to resolve in field settings due to temporal and/or spatial constraints. In an effort to highlight the advancements in geophysical imaging of fractures, as well as the topics where the most gain could be realized from targeted research, this SubTER team undertook a number of extensive near field fracture imaging experiments. During the initially phase of this SubTER project, Sandia National Labs (SNL) conducted a series of high resolution seismic imaging campaigns designed to characterize induced fractures. Fractures were emplaced using a novel explosive source that limits damage to the borehole. In the next phase of the project, SNL and its collaborators (LBNL, LLNL, and PNNL) developed and demonstrated emerging seismic and electrical geophysical imaging technologies that characterized 1) the 3D extent and distribution of fractures stimulated from the explosive source, 2) 3D fluid transport within the stimulated fracture network through use of a particulate tracer, and 3) fracture attributes through advanced data analysis. The project consisted of two phases. The objective of the first phase was to collect a comprehensive set of 4D crosshole seismic and electrical data to image the fracture network generated from a novel explosive source. In addition, autonomous seismic and electrical resistance tomography (ERT) data were collected to image the migration of a tracer designed to enhance the electrical conductivity contrast of the fracture network. Near real-time 4D ERT imaging was tested and demonstrated during this phase. The objective of the second phase was to use data collected during the first phase to 1) develop methods of estimating fracture attributes from seismic data, 2) develop methods of assimilating disparate and transient data sets to improve fracture network imaging resolution, and 3) advance capabilities for near real-time inversion of cross-hole tomographic data. Advancements in these areas are relevant to all situations where fracture stimulation is used for reservoir stimulation (e.g. Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) and tight shale gases). JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Knox, Hunter Anne AU - Ajo-Franklin, Jonathan AU - Johnson, Timothy AU - Morris, Joseph AU - Grubelich, Mark AU - King, Dennis AU - Preston, Leiph AU - Knox, James AU - Vermeul, Vince AU - James, Stephanie AU - Strickland, Christopher AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - Abstract no. 57 EP - 5 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 48 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1861110676?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Imaging+fracture+networks+using+joint+seismic+and+electrical+change+detection+techniques&rft.au=Knox%2C+Hunter+Anne%3BAjo-Franklin%2C+Jonathan%3BJohnson%2C+Timothy%3BMorris%2C+Joseph%3BGrubelich%2C+Mark%3BKing%2C+Dennis%3BPreston%2C+Leiph%3BKnox%2C+James%3BVermeul%2C+Vince%3BJames%2C+Stephanie%3BStrickland%2C+Christopher%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Knox&rft.aufirst=Hunter&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2016 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Density tomography of subsurface reservoirs AN - 1861110640; 787345-15 AB - Imaging subsurface rock formations or geological objects like oil and gas reservoirs, mineral deposits, cavities or even magmatic plumbing systems under active volcanoes has been for many years a major quest of geophysicists and geologists. Since these objects cannot be observed directly, different indirect methods have been developed. They are all based on variations of certain physical properties of the subsurface materials that can be detected from the ground surface or from boreholes. Electrical resistivity, seismic wave's velocities and density are certainly the most used properties. If we look at density, indirect estimates of density distributions are performed currently by seismic reflection methods - since the velocity of seismic waves depend also on density - but they are expensive and discontinuous in time. Direct estimates of density are performed using gravimetric data looking at variations of the gravity field induced by the density variations at depth but this is not sufficiently accurate. After discussing the merits of these two methods, a new imaging technique using cosmic-ray muon detectors deployed in a borehole, will be presented. In addition to providing a static image of the subsurface density in three dimensions (or 3D tomography), these methods can also inform on the variations of density with time which became recently of a major importance. The injection of large volumes of fluids, mainly water and CO (sub 2) , in subsurface reservoirs is indeed increasingly performed in various applications (e.g., aquifer storage and recovery, waste water disposal, enhanced oil recovery, carbon sequestration). This raises several concerns about the mechanical integrity of the reservoirs themselves and their surroundings. Determining the field-scale-induced displacement of fluids and the temporal and spatial deformations of the ground surface is thus a priority. Finally, to improve imaging of 3D subsurface structures, a combination of seismic data, gravity data, and muons can be used and this promises to be a powerful way to improve spatial resolution and reduce uncertainty. Different applications will be presented and discussed. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Bonneville, Alain AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - Abstract no. 57 EP - 4 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 48 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1861110640?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Density+tomography+of+subsurface+reservoirs&rft.au=Bonneville%2C+Alain%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bonneville&rft.aufirst=Alain&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2016 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Depth dependent co (sub 2) -induced elemental mobilization from carbonate-rich rocks using field-relevant pressure and temperature AN - 1861107761; 787353-87 AB - In the past decade, many studies have been conducted to determine changes within the reservoir following CO2 injection as well as effects of CO2 release into overlying groundwater aquifers. There is little or no literature available, however, on the effect of CO2 release on rock between the storage reservoir and the subsurface. To fill this current knowledge gap, this study used relevant rock materials, temperatures and pressures to study solid phase mineralogical changes and measure elements released into or removed from the aqueous phase through mineral dissolution or mineral precipitation. Using a NaCl background solution to represent reservoir brine, and depth dependent pressures ranging from 3,800-14,000 kPa and temperatures from 50-61�C, rocks samples (either <212 mu m or larger rock chips) were reacted for 7 days. The liquid samples were then analyzed with IC, ICP-OES and ICP-MS, and the solids were analyzed with SEM/EDS, QXRD, and M/ssbauer spectroscopy. A significant increase of major elements (e.g., Ca, Mg, Si, Mn, K) and variable releases of potential contaminants (e.g., Sr, S, Ba, Cs, B, Cu, and Cr) were observed in the liquid phase from CO2 experiments; lower concentrations of these elements were observed in the N2 experiments. SEM and M/ssbauer spectroscopy results showed the formation of new minerals and Fe oxides in some CO2-reacted samples. This has important implications for contaminant removal from the aqueous phase due to potential incorporation into precipitated minerals or the strong adsorption properties of Fe oxides. The rock chemistry (determined with extractions), and the mineralogical and physical (particle size) properties were the major controlling factors for elemental release; each of these properties, as well as the calculated pressure and temperature for each experiment are, in some extent, related to the depth of the samples. These experiments show the interactions between the CO2-rich brine and the rock between deep storage reservoirs and overlying groundwater aquifers have the potential to affect the level of risk to overlying groundwater resources, and should be considered during site selection and risk evaluation. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Lawter, Amanda R AU - Qafoku, Nik AU - Asmussen, R Matthew AU - Kukkadapu, Ravi K AU - Qafoku, Odeta AU - Bacon, Diana AU - Brown, Christopher AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - Abstract no. 119 EP - 4 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 48 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1861107761?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Depth+dependent+co+%28sub+2%29+-induced+elemental+mobilization+from+carbonate-rich+rocks+using+field-relevant+pressure+and+temperature&rft.au=Lawter%2C+Amanda+R%3BQafoku%2C+Nik%3BAsmussen%2C+R+Matthew%3BKukkadapu%2C+Ravi+K%3BQafoku%2C+Odeta%3BBacon%2C+Diana%3BBrown%2C+Christopher%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lawter&rft.aufirst=Amanda&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2016 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The kISMET (permeability (K) and induced seismicity management for energy technologies) project; an underground field laboratory for investigating the relations between natural and induced fractures, stress field, and rock fabric AN - 1861101258; 787338-43 AB - kISMET is part of the US Department of Energy's Subsurface Technology & Engineering Research (SubTER) crosscutting initiative for adaptive control of fractures, reactions, and flow in the subsurface. The project is located at the Sanford Underground Research Facility (SURF) in the former Homestake gold mine in Lead, SD. The kISMET site consists of five closely spaced near-vertical boreholes on the 4850 level that are designed for a series of hydraulic fracturing stress measurements and induced-fracture stimulation experiments. Four of the boreholes are HQ-sized holes that are 50 m in depth and will host monitoring sensors; in conjunction with a central NQ borehole they form a five-spot pattern at depth. The monitoring boreholes are located nearly equal 3 m away from the central borehole, allowing for very precise monitoring of fracture initiation and growth. The host rock is the Poorman Formation, a highly foliated phyllite that is steeply dipping at the kISMET site. Initial characterization of the site is being conducted using core samples, televiewer logs, and extensive preexisting geologic data. A straddle packer assembly will be installed at several depths in the central borehole to conduct stress measurements, and later to perform a series of hydrofracture stimulations. Preliminary analytical and numerical fracture initiation and growth model simulations conducted using existing geomechanical data for the Poorman phyllite suggest rock breakdown pressures in the range of 35-50 MPa. Two primary methods will be employed to monitor the experiments: continuous active-source seismic monitoring (CASSM) and electrical resistivity tomography (ERT); these will be complemented by passive microseismic (MEQ), pore pressure and injection rate monitoring. These experiments are aimed at understanding the effects of stress state, rock fabric, existing fractures, and stimulation approach on the character of the fracture(s) created (e.g., permeability enhancement, size, orientation, aperture), the fracturing process, and the associated induced microseismicity. Results of this research will be directly applicable to fracture stimulation and reservoir creation in Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS). JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Dobson, Patrick F AU - Oldenburg, Curtis M AU - Daley, Thomas M AU - Birkholzer, Jens T AU - Cook, Paul J AU - Ajo-Franklin, Jonathan AU - Rutqvist, Jonny AU - Siler, Drew L AU - Kneafsey, Timothy J AU - Nakagawa, Seiji AU - Wu, Yuxin AU - Guglielmi, Yves AU - Ulrich, Craig AU - Wang, Herb F AU - Haimson, Bezalel C AU - Sone, Hiroki AU - Vigilante, Peter AU - Roggenthen, William M AU - Doe, Thomas W AU - Lee, Moo Y AU - Mattson, Earl D AU - Huang, Hai AU - Johnson, Timothy J AU - Morris, Joseph P AU - White, Joshua A AU - Johnson, Paul A AU - Coblentz, David D AU - Heise, Jaret AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - Abstract no. 4 EP - 9 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 48 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1861101258?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Anomalous+kinetics+of+reactive+fronts+in+porous+media&rft.au=de+Anna%2C+Pietro%3Ble+Borgne%2C+Tanguy%3BDentz%2C+Marco%3BTartakovsky%2C+Alexandre%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=de+Anna&rft.aufirst=Pietro&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=955&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1180%2Fminmag.2013.077.5.4 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2016 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Adapting Washington State's teacher preparation programs to support implementation of the Next Generation Science Standards AN - 1861100976; 787339-13 AB - A consortium of 2- and 4-year Washington State Colleges and Universities in partnership with Washington's Office of the Superintendent of Public Instruction (OSPI), Western Governor's University, and other key stakeholders, is currently working to improve science and mathematics learning for all Washington State students by creating and implementing an innovative approach to improving STEM teacher preparation in Washington State aligned with the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) and the Common Core State Standards (CCSS) in Mathematics and Language Arts. Our consortium is focusing on improving STEM teacher preparation programs in six key areas: (1) Clinical Practice-Induction, (2) Pedagogical Content Knowledge, (3) Education for Sustainability, (4) Computer Science Education (5) Engineering Education, and (6) Diversity. Rather than each institution in the state trying to figure out how to improve in all of these areas independently, we are working collaboratively to share our knowledge and expertise. Our model is informed by Kania and Kramer's (2011) work on Collective Impact, by Senge, et. al's (2012, 2015) work on Systems Thinking and Leadership, and by Page's (2007, 2010) work on Diversity and Complexity. Earth and Space Science education in Washington State stands to benefit significantly through this large-scale collaboration, particularly if Education for Sustainability is adopted as a foundational component for STEM teacher preparation and as a model for P-12 schools to implement the NGSS. Working closely with P-12 schools, the state department of education, and Computer Science and Engineering educators will be critical to the success of our efforts. This talk will focus on both the benefits and challenges of multi-institutional collaboration, and how this work is envisioned to unfold over the next four years. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Geary, Edward AU - Antilla, Julie AU - Baldwin, Kathyrn AU - Clark-Blickenstaff, Jacob AU - Dechaine, Jenny AU - Ebert, Ellen AU - Hanley, Daniel AU - Nelson, Tamara AU - Rios, Jose AU - Ronca, Roxane AU - Wright-Mockler, Ann AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - Abstract no. 10 EP - 4 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 48 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1861100976?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Adapting+Washington+State%27s+teacher+preparation+programs+to+support+implementation+of+the+Next+Generation+Science+Standards&rft.au=Geary%2C+Edward%3BAntilla%2C+Julie%3BBaldwin%2C+Kathyrn%3BClark-Blickenstaff%2C+Jacob%3BDechaine%2C+Jenny%3BEbert%2C+Ellen%3BHanley%2C+Daniel%3BNelson%2C+Tamara%3BRios%2C+Jose%3BRonca%2C+Roxane%3BWright-Mockler%2C+Ann%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Geary&rft.aufirst=Edward&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2016 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Future of Radionuclide Retention in Fukushima Soils from First Principles Simulations AN - 1861091801; 782772-55 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Rosso, K M AU - Sassi, M AU - Okumura, M AU - Kerisit, S AU - Machida, M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 2655 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 26 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1861091801?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=The+Future+of+Radionuclide+Retention+in+Fukushima+Soils+from+First+Principles+Simulations&rft.au=Rosso%2C+K+M%3BSassi%2C+M%3BOkumura%2C+M%3BKerisit%2C+S%3BMachida%2C+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Rosso&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2655&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2016/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/2655.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2016 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Probing stabilization mechanisms at the soil organic-mineral interface at the molecular length scale. AN - 1861091654; 782768-68 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Newcomb, C J AU - Grate, Jw AU - Afoku, Np Q AU - Hufschmid, R AU - Browning, Nd AU - De Yoreo, Jj AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 2268 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 26 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1861091654?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Thermodynamics+and+kinetics+of+Fe%28II%29-Fe%28III%29+electron+transfer+across+interfaces&rft.au=Chatman%2C+S%3BZarzycki%2C+P%3BKerisit%2C+S%3BAlexandrov%2C+V%3BPearce%2C+C+I%3BRosso%2C+K+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Chatman&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=861&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1180%2Fminmag.2013.077.5.3 L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2016/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/2268.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2016 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Nanoscale Forces behind Crystallization by Oriented Aggregation AN - 1861090955; 782772-56 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Rosso, K M AU - Zhang, X AU - Sushko, M AU - Shen, Z AU - Kerisit, S AU - Li, D AU - Chun, J AU - Bowden, M E AU - Engelhard, M H AU - Liu, J AU - Mundy, C J AU - De Yoreo, J J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 2656 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 26 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1861090955?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=The+Nanoscale+Forces+behind+Crystallization+by+Oriented+Aggregation&rft.au=Rosso%2C+K+M%3BZhang%2C+X%3BSushko%2C+M%3BShen%2C+Z%3BKerisit%2C+S%3BLi%2C+D%3BChun%2C+J%3BBowden%2C+M+E%3BEngelhard%2C+M+H%3BLiu%2C+J%3BMundy%2C+C+J%3BDe+Yoreo%2C+J+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Rosso&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2656&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2016/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/2656.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2016 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geoengineering as a design problem AN - 1837338995; PQ0003774315 AB - Understanding the climate impacts of solar geoengineering is essential for evaluating its benefits and risks. Most previous simulations have prescribed a particular strategy and evaluated its modeled effects. Here we turn this approach around by first choosing example climate objectives and then designing a strategy to meet those objectives in climate models. There are four essential criteria for designing a strategy: (i) an explicit specification of the objectives, (ii) defining what climate forcing agents to modify so the objectives are met, (iii) a method for managing uncertainties, and (iv) independent verification of the strategy in an evaluation model. We demonstrate this design perspective through two multi-objective examples. First, changes in Arctic temperature and the position of tropical precipitation due to CO2 increases are offset by adjusting high-latitude insolation in each hemisphere independently. Second, three different latitude-dependent patterns of insolation are modified to offset CO2-induced changes in global mean temperature, interhemispheric temperature asymmetry, and the Equator-to-pole temperature gradient. In both examples, the "design" and "evaluation" models are state-of-the-art fully coupled atmosphere-ocean general circulation models. JF - Earth System Dynamics AU - Kravitz, Ben AU - MacMartin, Douglas G AU - Wang, Hailong AU - Rasch, Philip J AD - Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA Y1 - 2016///0, PY - 2016 DA - 0, 2016 SP - 469 EP - 497 PB - Copernicus GmbH VL - 7 IS - 2 SN - 2190-4979, 2190-4979 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Atmosphere-ocean general circulation models KW - Specifications KW - Temperature Gradient KW - Evaluation KW - Modelling KW - Temperature effects KW - Atmospheric precipitations KW - Mean temperatures KW - Climate models KW - Simulation Analysis KW - Arctic temperatures KW - Climates KW - Climate KW - Temperature KW - Insolation KW - Atmospheric circulation KW - Precipitation KW - Temperature gradients KW - PN, Arctic KW - Numerical simulations KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Benefits KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - Q2 09263:Topography and morphology KW - M2 551.465:Structure/Dynamics/Circulation (551.465) KW - SW 0810:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1837338995?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Earth+System+Dynamics&rft.atitle=Geoengineering+as+a+design+problem&rft.au=Kravitz%2C+Ben%3BMacMartin%2C+Douglas+G%3BWang%2C+Hailong%3BRasch%2C+Philip+J&rft.aulast=Kravitz&rft.aufirst=Ben&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=469&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Earth+System+Dynamics&rft.issn=21904979&rft_id=info:doi/10.5194%2Fesd-7-469-2016 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atmospheric precipitations; Temperature effects; Climate; Atmospheric circulation; Carbon dioxide; Temperature gradients; Modelling; Mean temperatures; Climate models; Numerical simulations; Arctic temperatures; Insolation; Precipitation; Atmosphere-ocean general circulation models; Evaluation; Simulation Analysis; Climates; Temperature; Benefits; Temperature Gradient; Specifications; Carbon Dioxide; PN, Arctic DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esd-7-469-2016 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Functional remediation components: A conceptual method of evaluating the effects of remediation on risks to ecological receptors. AN - 1835364530; 27576057 AB - Governmental agencies, regulators, health professionals, tribal leaders, and the public are faced with understanding and evaluating the effects of cleanup activities on species, populations, and ecosystems. While engineers and managers understand the processes involved in different remediation types such as capping, pump and treat, and natural attenuation, there is often a disconnect between (1) how ecologists view the influence of different types of remediation, (2) how the public perceives them, and (3) how engineers understand them. The overall goal of the present investigation was to define the components of remediation types (= functional remediation). Objectives were to (1) define and describe functional components of remediation, regardless of the remediation type, (2) provide examples of each functional remediation component, and (3) explore potential effects of functional remediation components in the post-cleanup phase that may involve continued monitoring and assessment. Functional remediation components include types, numbers, and intensity of people, trucks, heavy equipment, pipes, and drill holes, among others. Several components may be involved in each remediation type, and each results in ecological effects, ranging from trampling of plants, to spreading invasive species, to disturbing rare species, and to creating fragmented habitats. In some cases remediation may exert a greater effect on ecological receptors than leaving the limited contamination in place. A goal of this conceptualization is to break down functional components of remediation such that managers, regulators, and the public might assess the effects of timing, extent, and duration of different remediation options on ecological systems. JF - Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part A AU - Burger, Joanna AU - Gochfeld, Michael AU - Bunn, Amoret AU - Downs, Janelle AU - Jeitner, Christian AU - Pittfield, Taryn AU - Salisbury, Jennifer AD - a Division of Life Sciences , Rutgers University , Piscataway , New Jersey , USA. ; b Consortium for Risk Evaluation with Stakeholder Participation (CRESP) , Vanderbilt University , Nashville , Tennessee , USA. ; d Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington , USA. Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 957 EP - 968 VL - 79 IS - 21 SN - 1528-7394, 1528-7394 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1835364530?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health.+Part+A&rft.atitle=Functional+remediation+components%3A+A+conceptual+method+of+evaluating+the+effects+of+remediation+on+risks+to+ecological+receptors.&rft.au=Burger%2C+Joanna%3BGochfeld%2C+Michael%3BBunn%2C+Amoret%3BDowns%2C+Janelle%3BJeitner%2C+Christian%3BPittfield%2C+Taryn%3BSalisbury%2C+Jennifer&rft.aulast=Burger&rft.aufirst=Joanna&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=443&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=230&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2013.07.039 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-08-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Imprints of thermodynamic constraints on microbial carbon oxidation in floodplains AN - 1832686254; 782748-90 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Boye, Kristin AU - Noel, Vincent AU - Cardarelli, Emily AU - Tfaily, Malak AU - Dam, William L AU - Bargar, John R AU - Fendorf, Scott AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 290 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 26 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832686254?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Imprints+of+thermodynamic+constraints+on+microbial+carbon+oxidation+in+floodplains&rft.au=Boye%2C+Kristin%3BNoel%2C+Vincent%3BCardarelli%2C+Emily%3BTfaily%2C+Malak%3BDam%2C+William+L%3BBargar%2C+John+R%3BFendorf%2C+Scott%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Boye&rft.aufirst=Kristin&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=&rft.spage=290&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2016/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/290.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2016 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sorption and transport behavior of radionuclides in fractured rock at the LILW Disposal Facility AN - 1832670218; 782761-14 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Kim, Won-Seok AU - Ahn, Jinmo AU - Kim, Jungjin AU - Nam, Seongsik AU - Um, Wooyong AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 1514 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 26 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832670218?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Sorption+and+transport+behavior+of+radionuclides+in+fractured+rock+at+the+LILW+Disposal+Facility&rft.au=Kim%2C+Won-Seok%3BAhn%2C+Jinmo%3BKim%2C+Jungjin%3BNam%2C+Seongsik%3BUm%2C+Wooyong%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=Won-Seok&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1514&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2016/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/1514.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2016 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Airborne Soil Organic Particles AN - 1832647060; 782762-83 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Laskin, Alexander AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 1683 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 26 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832647060?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Airborne+Soil+Organic+Particles&rft.au=Laskin%2C+Alexander%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Laskin&rft.aufirst=Alexander&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1683&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2016/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/1683.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2016 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Complementary Microscopies on Atmospheric Aerosols AN - 1832645869; 782755-45 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Mary K, Gilles AU - Laskin, Alexander AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 945 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 26 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832645869?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Complementary+Microscopies+on+Atmospheric+Aerosols&rft.au=Mary+K%2C+Gilles%3BLaskin%2C+Alexander%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Mary+K&rft.aufirst=Gilles&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=&rft.spage=945&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2016/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/945.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2016 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of melt viscosity on nuclear waste glass foaming AN - 1832637306; 782757-70 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Hrma, Pavel AU - Lee, Seungmin AU - Kruger, Albert A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 1170 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 26 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832637306?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Effect+of+melt+viscosity+on+nuclear+waste+glass+foaming&rft.au=Hrma%2C+Pavel%3BLee%2C+Seungmin%3BKruger%2C+Albert+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hrma&rft.aufirst=Pavel&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1170&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2016/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/1170.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2016 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fate of particulate phosphorus in river estuaries in the Chesapeake Bay AN - 1832607664; 782763-54 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Li, Jiying AU - Bear, Kristi AU - Reardon, Patrick AU - Washton, Nancy AU - Jaisi, Deb AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 1754 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 26 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832607664?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Fate+of+particulate+phosphorus+in+river+estuaries+in+the+Chesapeake+Bay&rft.au=Li%2C+Jiying%3BBear%2C+Kristi%3BReardon%2C+Patrick%3BWashton%2C+Nancy%3BJaisi%2C+Deb%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Jiying&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1754&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2016/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/1754.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2016 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impeding 99 Tc(IV) mobility in novel waste forms AN - 1832605918; 782763-7 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Lee, Mal-Soon AU - Wooyong, U M AU - Wang, Guohui AU - Kruger, Albert A AU - Lukens, Wayne W AU - Rousseau, Roger AU - Glezakou, Vassiliki-Alexandra AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 1707 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 26 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832605918?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Impeding+99+Tc%28IV%29+mobility+in+novel+waste+forms&rft.au=Lee%2C+Mal-Soon%3BWooyong%2C+U+M%3BWang%2C+Guohui%3BKruger%2C+Albert+A%3BLukens%2C+Wayne+W%3BRousseau%2C+Roger%3BGlezakou%2C+Vassiliki-Alexandra%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Mal-Soon&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1707&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2016/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/1707.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2016 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Unravelling core microbial metabolisms in the hypersaline microbial mats of Shark Bay using high-throughput metagenomics AN - 1823948195; PQ0002582681 AB - Modern microbial mats are potential analogues of some of Earth's earliest ecosystems. Excellent examples can be found in Shark Bay, Australia, with mats of various morphologies. To further our understanding of the functional genetic potential of these complex microbial ecosystems, we conducted for the first time shotgun metagenomic analyses. We assembled metagenomic next-generation sequencing data to classify the taxonomic and metabolic potential across diverse morphologies of marine mats in Shark Bay. The microbial community across taxonomic classifications using protein-coding and small subunit rRNA genes directly extracted from the metagenomes suggests that three phyla Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria and Bacteriodetes dominate all marine mats. However, the microbial community structure between Shark Bay and Highbourne Cay (Bahamas) marine systems appears to be distinct from each other. The metabolic potential (based on SEED subsystem classifications) of the Shark Bay and Highbourne Cay microbial communities were also distinct. Shark Bay metagenomes have a metabolic pathway profile consisting of both heterotrophic and photosynthetic pathways, whereas Highbourne Cay appears to be dominated almost exclusively by photosynthetic pathways. Alternative non-rubisco-based carbon metabolism including reductive TCA cycle and 3-hydroxypropionate/4-hydroxybutyrate pathways is highly represented in Shark Bay metagenomes while not represented in Highbourne Cay microbial mats or any other mat forming ecosystems investigated to date. Potentially novel aspects of nitrogen cycling were also observed, as well as putative heavy metal cycling (arsenic, mercury, copper and cadmium). Finally, archaea are highly represented in Shark Bay and may have critical roles in overall ecosystem function in these modern microbial mats. JF - ISME Journal AU - Ruvindy, Rendy AU - White, Richard Allen, III AU - Neilan, Brett Anthony AU - Burns, Brendan Paul AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory 902 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA, USA Y1 - 2016/01// PY - 2016 DA - January 2016 SP - 183 EP - 196 PB - Nature Publishing Group, The Macmillan Building London N1 9XW United Kingdom VL - 10 IS - 1 SN - 1751-7362, 1751-7362 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Seeds KW - Arsenic KW - Data processing KW - Archaea KW - Heavy metals KW - Copper KW - Bacteriodetes KW - Proteobacteria KW - rRNA KW - Cyanobacteria KW - Carbon KW - Community structure KW - Metabolic pathways KW - Mercury KW - Cadmium KW - gamma -Hydroxybutyric acid KW - Tricarboxylic acid cycle KW - Nitrogen KW - Microbial mats KW - A 01380:Plant Protection, Fungicides & Seed Treatments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1823948195?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ISME+Journal&rft.atitle=Unravelling+core+microbial+metabolisms+in+the+hypersaline+microbial+mats+of+Shark+Bay+using+high-throughput+metagenomics&rft.au=Ruvindy%2C+Rendy%3BWhite%2C+Richard+Allen%2C+III%3BNeilan%2C+Brett+Anthony%3BBurns%2C+Brendan+Paul&rft.aulast=Ruvindy&rft.aufirst=Rendy&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=183&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ISME+Journal&rft.issn=17517362&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fismej.2015.87 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Arsenic; Seeds; Data processing; Heavy metals; Copper; rRNA; Carbon; Community structure; Metabolic pathways; Mercury; Cadmium; Tricarboxylic acid cycle; gamma -Hydroxybutyric acid; Microbial mats; Nitrogen; Cyanobacteria; Archaea; Bacteriodetes; Proteobacteria DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2015.87 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sensitivity of Circulation in the Skagit River Estuary to Sea Level Rise and Future Flows AN - 1815711251; PQ0003607692 AB - Future climate simulations based on the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change emissions scenario (A1B) have shown that the Skagit River flow will be affected, which may lead to modification of the estuarine hydrodynamics. There is considerable uncertainty, however, about the extent and magnitude of resulting change, given accompanying sea level rise and site-specific complexities with multiple interconnected basins. To help quantify the future hydrodynamic response, we developed a three-dimensional model of the Skagit River estuary using the Finite Volume Community Ocean Model (FVCOM). The model was set up with localized high-resolution grids in Skagit and Padilla Bay sub-basins within the intermediate-scale FVCOM based model of the Salish Sea (greater Puget Sound and Georgia Basin). Future changes to salinity and annual transport through the basin were examined. The results confirmed the existence of a residual estuarine flow that enters Skagit Bay from Saratoga Passage to the south and exits through Deception Pass. Freshwater from the Skagit River is transported out in the surface layers primarily through Deception Pass and Saratoga Passage, and only a small fraction (~ 4%) is transported to Padilla Bay. The moderate future perturbations of A1B emissions, corresponding river flow, and sea level rise of 0.48 m examined here result only in small incremental changes to salinity structure and interbasin freshwater distribution and transport. An increase in salinity of ~1 psu in the near-shore environment and a salinity intrusion of approximately 3 km further upstream is predicted in Skagit River, well downstream of drinking water intakes. JF - Northwest Science AU - Khangaonkar, Tarang AU - Long, Wen AU - Sackmann, Brandon AU - Mohamedali, Teizeen AU - Hamlet, Alan F AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Marine Sciences Division, 1100 Dexter Avenue North, Suite 400, Seattle, Washington 98109, tarang.khangaonkar@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2016/01// PY - 2016 DA - January 2016 SP - 94 EP - 118 PB - Northwest Scientific Association, PO Box 645910 Pullman, WA 99164-5910 United States VL - 90 IS - 1 SN - 0029-344X, 0029-344X KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - sea level rise KW - future hydrology KW - estuarine circulation KW - Skagit River KW - salinity intrusion KW - Sea level KW - Hydrodynamics KW - Climatic changes KW - Basins KW - INE, Canada, British Columbia, Georgia Basin KW - Models KW - Salinity effects KW - Sound KW - Brackishwater environment KW - Modelling KW - Rivers KW - USA, Washington, Skagit R. KW - Freshwater environments KW - INE, USA, Washington, Padilla Bay KW - Estuaries KW - Environmental impact KW - River discharge KW - Oceans KW - INE, USA, Washington, Puget Sound KW - Drinking water KW - Sea level changes KW - Q1 08422:Environmental effects KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1815711251?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Northwest+Science&rft.atitle=Sensitivity+of+Circulation+in+the+Skagit+River+Estuary+to+Sea+Level+Rise+and+Future+Flows&rft.au=Khangaonkar%2C+Tarang%3BLong%2C+Wen%3BSackmann%2C+Brandon%3BMohamedali%2C+Teizeen%3BHamlet%2C+Alan+F&rft.aulast=Khangaonkar&rft.aufirst=Tarang&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=90&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=94&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Northwest+Science&rft.issn=0029344X&rft_id=info:doi/10.3955%2F046.090.0108 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Sea level; Salinity effects; Estuaries; River discharge; Environmental impact; Brackishwater environment; Sea level changes; Modelling; Hydrodynamics; Freshwater environments; Oceans; Climatic changes; Sound; Basins; Drinking water; Models; USA, Washington, Skagit R.; INE, USA, Washington, Padilla Bay; INE, USA, Washington, Puget Sound; INE, Canada, British Columbia, Georgia Basin DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3955/046.090.0108 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Progress in the Analysis of Complex Atmospheric Particles AN - 1815697403; PQ0003576935 AB - This article presents an overview of recent advances in field and laboratory studies of atmospheric particles formed in processes of environmental air-surface interactions. The overarching goal of these studies is to advance predictive understanding of atmospheric particle composition, particle chemistry during aging, and their environmental impacts. The diversity between chemical constituents and lateral heterogeneity within individual particles adds to the chemical complexity of particles and their surfaces. Once emitted, particles undergo transformation via atmospheric aging processes that further modify their complex composition. We highlight a range of modern analytical approaches that enable multimodal chemical characterization of particles with both molecular and lateral specificity. When combined, these approaches provide a comprehensive arsenal of tools for understanding the nature of particles at air-surface interactions and their reactivity and transformations with atmospheric aging. We discuss applications of these novel approaches in recent studies and highlight additional research areas to explore the environmental effects of air-surface interactions. JF - Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry AU - Laskin, Alexander AU - Gilles, Mary K AU - Knopf, Daniel A AU - Wang, Bingbing AU - China, Swarup AD - Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, alexander.laskin@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2016///0, PY - 2016 DA - 0, 2016 SP - 117 EP - 143 PB - Annual Reviews, Inc., 4139 El Camino Way Palo Alto CA 94303-0139 United States VL - 9 SN - 1936-1327, 1936-1327 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - aerosol KW - atmospheric aging KW - chemical imaging KW - environmental interfaces KW - molecular-level KW - multiphase chemistry KW - Transformation KW - Reviews KW - Aging KW - Environmental effects KW - Environmental impact KW - W 30925:Genetic Engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1815697403?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Review+of+Analytical+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Progress+in+the+Analysis+of+Complex+Atmospheric+Particles&rft.au=Laskin%2C+Alexander%3BGilles%2C+Mary+K%3BKnopf%2C+Daniel+A%3BWang%2C+Bingbing%3BChina%2C+Swarup&rft.aulast=Laskin&rft.aufirst=Alexander&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=&rft.spage=117&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Review+of+Analytical+Chemistry&rft.issn=19361327&rft_id=info:doi/10.1146%2Fannurev-anchem-071015-041521 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Transformation; Reviews; Aging; Environmental impact; Environmental effects DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-anchem-071015-041521 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toward more realistic projections of soil carbon dynamics by Earth system models AN - 1789751392; 2016-045237 AB - Soil carbon (C) is a critical component of Earth system models (ESMs), and its diverse representations are a major source of the large spread across models in the terrestrial C sink from the third to fifth assessment reports of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Improving soil C projections is of a high priority for Earth system modeling in the future IPCC and other assessments. To achieve this goal, we suggest that (1) model structures should reflect real-world processes, (2) parameters should be calibrated to match model outputs with observations, and (3) external forcing variables should accurately prescribe the environmental conditions that soils experience. First, most soil C cycle models simulate C input from litter production and C release through decomposition. The latter process has traditionally been represented by first-order decay functions, regulated primarily by temperature, moisture, litter quality, and soil texture. While this formulation well captures macroscopic soil organic C (SOC) dynamics, better understanding is needed of their underlying mechanisms as related to microbial processes, depth-dependent environmental controls, and other processes that strongly affect soil C dynamics. Second, incomplete use of observations in model parameterization is a major cause of bias in soil C projections from ESMs. Optimal parameter calibration with both pool- and flux-based data sets through data assimilation is among the highest priorities for near-term research to reduce biases among ESMs. Third, external variables are represented inconsistently among ESMs, leading to differences in modeled soil C dynamics. We recommend the implementation of traceability analyses to identify how external variables and model parameterizations influence SOC dynamics in different ESMs. Overall, projections of the terrestrial C sink can be substantially improved when reliable data sets are available to select the most representative model structure, constrain parameters, and prescribe forcing fields. Abstract Copyright (2015), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Global Biogeochemical Cycles AU - Luo, Yiqi AU - Ahlstrom, Anders AU - Allison, Steven D AU - Batjes, Niels H AU - Brovkin, Victor AU - Carvalhais, Nuno AU - Chappell, Adrian AU - Ciais, Philippe AU - Davidson, Eric A AU - Finzi, Adien AU - Georgiou, Katerina AU - Guenet, Bertrand AU - Hararuk, Oleksandra AU - Harden, Jennifer W AU - He, Yujie AU - Hopkins, Francesca AU - Jiang, Lifen AU - Koven, Charlie AU - Jackson, Robert B AU - Jones, Chris D AU - Lara, Mark J AU - Liang, Junyi AU - McGuire, A David AU - Parton, William AU - Peng, Changhui AU - Randerson, James T AU - Salazar, Alejandro AU - Sierra, Carlos A AU - Smith, Matthew J AU - Tian, Hanqin AU - Todd-Brown, Katherine E O AU - Torn, Margaret AU - van Groenigen, Kees Jan AU - Wang, Ying Ping AU - West, Tristram O AU - Wei, Yaxing AU - Wieder, William R AU - Xia, Jianyang AU - Xu, Xia AU - Xu, Xiaofeng AU - Zhou, Tao Y1 - 2016/01// PY - 2016 DA - January 2016 SP - 40 EP - 56 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 30 IS - 1 SN - 0886-6236, 0886-6236 KW - soils KW - numerical models KW - dynamics KW - carbon KW - sinks KW - global change KW - carbon cycle KW - geochemical cycle KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1789751392?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+Biogeochemical+Cycles&rft.atitle=Toward+more+realistic+projections+of+soil+carbon+dynamics+by+Earth+system+models&rft.au=Luo%2C+Yiqi%3BAhlstrom%2C+Anders%3BAllison%2C+Steven+D%3BBatjes%2C+Niels+H%3BBrovkin%2C+Victor%3BCarvalhais%2C+Nuno%3BChappell%2C+Adrian%3BCiais%2C+Philippe%3BDavidson%2C+Eric+A%3BFinzi%2C+Adien%3BGeorgiou%2C+Katerina%3BGuenet%2C+Bertrand%3BHararuk%2C+Oleksandra%3BHarden%2C+Jennifer+W%3BHe%2C+Yujie%3BHopkins%2C+Francesca%3BJiang%2C+Lifen%3BKoven%2C+Charlie%3BJackson%2C+Robert+B%3BJones%2C+Chris+D%3BLara%2C+Mark+J%3BLiang%2C+Junyi%3BMcGuire%2C+A+David%3BParton%2C+William%3BPeng%2C+Changhui%3BRanderson%2C+James+T%3BSalazar%2C+Alejandro%3BSierra%2C+Carlos+A%3BSmith%2C+Matthew+J%3BTian%2C+Hanqin%3BTodd-Brown%2C+Katherine+E+O%3BTorn%2C+Margaret%3Bvan+Groenigen%2C+Kees+Jan%3BWang%2C+Ying+Ping%3BWest%2C+Tristram+O%3BWei%2C+Yaxing%3BWieder%2C+William+R%3BXia%2C+Jianyang%3BXu%2C+Xia%3BXu%2C+Xiaofeng%3BZhou%2C+Tao&rft.aulast=Luo&rft.aufirst=Yiqi&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=40&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+Biogeochemical+Cycles&rft.issn=08866236&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2015GB005239 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/gb/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 150 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon; carbon cycle; dynamics; geochemical cycle; global change; numerical models; sinks; soils DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015GB005239 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Two-Column Aerosol Project: Phase I-Overview and impact of elevated aerosol layers on aerosol optical depth AN - 1780537531; PQ0002780321 AB - The Two-Column Aerosol Project (TCAP), conducted from June 2012 through June 2013, was a unique study designed to provide a comprehensive data set that can be used to investigate a number of important climate science questions, including those related to aerosol mixing state and aerosol radiative forcing. The study was designed to sample the atmosphere between and within two atmospheric columns; one fixed near the coast of North America (over Cape Cod, MA) and a second moveable column over the Atlantic Ocean several hundred kilometers from the coast. The U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Mobile Facility (AMF) was deployed at the base of the Cape Cod column, and the ARM Aerial Facility was utilized for the summer and winter intensive observation periods. One important finding from TCAP is that four of six nearly cloud-free flight days had aerosol layers aloft in both the Cape Cod and maritime columns that were detected using the nadir pointing second-generation NASA high-spectral resolution lidar (HSRL-2). These layers contributed up to 60% of the total observed aerosol optical depth (AOD). Many of these layers were also intercepted by the aircraft configured for in situ sampling, and the aerosol in the layers was found to have increased amounts of biomass burning material and nitrate compared to aerosol found near the surface. In addition, while there was a great deal of spatial and day-to-day variability in the aerosol chemical composition and optical properties, no systematic differences between the two columns were observed. Key Points * TCAP provides a data set to investigate science questions and evaluate model performance * There is a large amount of variability in aerosol properties near northeast coast of North America * Aerosol layers aloft have a large impact on aerosol optical depth JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres AU - Berg, Larry K AU - Fast, Jerome D AU - Barnard, James C AU - Burton, Sharon P AU - Cairns, Brian AU - Chand, Duli AU - Comstock, Jennifer M AU - Dunagan, Stephen AU - Ferrare, Richard A AU - Flynn, Connor J AU - Hair, Johnathan W AU - Hostetler, Chris A AU - Hubbe, John AU - Jefferson, Anne AU - Johnson, Roy AU - Kassianov, Evgueni I AU - Kluzek, Celine D AU - Kollias, Pavlos AU - Lamer, Katia AU - Lantz, Kathleen AU - Mei, Fan AU - Miller, Mark A AU - Michalsky, Joseph AU - Ortega, Ivan AU - Pekour, Mikhail AU - Rogers, Ray R AU - Russell, Philip B AU - Redemann, Jens AU - Sedlacek, Arthur J AU - Segal-Rosenheimer, Michal AU - Schmid, Beat AU - Shilling, John E AU - Shinozuka, Yohei AU - Springston, Stephen R AU - Tomlinson, Jason M AU - Tyrrell, Megan AU - Wilson, Jacqueline M AU - Volkamer, Rainer AU - Zelenyuk, Alla AU - Berkowitz, Carl M AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA. Y1 - 2016/01// PY - 2016 DA - January 2016 SP - 336 EP - 361 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ United States VL - 121 IS - 1 SN - 2169-897X, 2169-897X KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE); Aerospace & High Technology Database (AH) KW - Aerosols KW - Radiative forcing KW - Americas KW - Coastal environments KW - Optical properties KW - Summer KW - Atmospheres KW - Government agencies KW - Marine KW - Brackish UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1780537531?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.atitle=The+Two-Column+Aerosol+Project%3A+Phase+I-Overview+and+impact+of+elevated+aerosol+layers+on+aerosol+optical+depth&rft.au=Berg%2C+Larry+K%3BFast%2C+Jerome+D%3BBarnard%2C+James+C%3BBurton%2C+Sharon+P%3BCairns%2C+Brian%3BChand%2C+Duli%3BComstock%2C+Jennifer+M%3BDunagan%2C+Stephen%3BFerrare%2C+Richard+A%3BFlynn%2C+Connor+J%3BHair%2C+Johnathan+W%3BHostetler%2C+Chris+A%3BHubbe%2C+John%3BJefferson%2C+Anne%3BJohnson%2C+Roy%3BKassianov%2C+Evgueni+I%3BKluzek%2C+Celine+D%3BKollias%2C+Pavlos%3BLamer%2C+Katia%3BLantz%2C+Kathleen%3BMei%2C+Fan%3BMiller%2C+Mark+A%3BMichalsky%2C+Joseph%3BOrtega%2C+Ivan%3BPekour%2C+Mikhail%3BRogers%2C+Ray+R%3BRussell%2C+Philip+B%3BRedemann%2C+Jens%3BSedlacek%2C+Arthur+J%3BSegal-Rosenheimer%2C+Michal%3BSchmid%2C+Beat%3BShilling%2C+John+E%3BShinozuka%2C+Yohei%3BSpringston%2C+Stephen+R%3BTomlinson%2C+Jason+M%3BTyrrell%2C+Megan%3BWilson%2C+Jacqueline+M%3BVolkamer%2C+Rainer%3BZelenyuk%2C+Alla%3BBerkowitz%2C+Carl+M&rft.aulast=Berg&rft.aufirst=Larry&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=121&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=336&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.issn=2169897X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2015JD023848 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine; Brackish DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015JD023848 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Design and performance of optimal detectors for guided wave structural health monitoring AN - 1773828077; PQ0002600034 AB - Ultrasonic guided wave measurements in structural health monitoring systems are affected over a long term by measurement noise, environmental conditions, transducer aging, and malfunction. This results in measurement variability which affects detection performance, especially in complex structures where baseline data comparison is required. This article derives the optimal detector structure, within the framework of detection theory, based on reducing a guided wave signal at the sensor into a single feature value that can be used for comparison with a threshold. Three different types of detectors are derived depending on the underlying structure's complexity: (a) simple structures where defect reflections can be identified without the need for baseline data; (b) simple structures that require baseline data due to overlap of defect scatter with scatter from structural features; and (c) complex structure with dense structural features that require baseline data. The detectors are derived by modeling the effects of variabilities and uncertainties as random processes. Analytical solutions for the performance of detectors in terms of the probability of detection and false alarm are derived. A finite element model that simulates guided wave inspection is used in a Monte-Carlo procedure to quantify the effects of environmental variability in terms of defect probability of detection. Results demonstrate that the problems of structural complexity and environmental variability introduce temporal diversity in the signals, which can be exploited to improve detection performance. JF - Structural Health Monitoring AU - Dib, Gerges AU - Udpa, Lalita AD - 1 .Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA, gerges.dib@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2016/01// PY - 2016 DA - January 2016 SP - 21 EP - 37 PB - Sage Publications Ltd., 6 Bonhill St. London EC2A 4PU United Kingdom VL - 15 IS - 1 SN - 1475-9217, 1475-9217 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Ultrasonic guided waves KW - structural health monitoring KW - theory of detection KW - maximum likelihood KW - diversity KW - Finite element method KW - Transducers KW - Sensors KW - Ultrasonics KW - Aging KW - Exploitation KW - Inspection KW - Environmental conditions KW - Design KW - H 15000:Civil/Structural Engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1773828077?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Structural+Health+Monitoring&rft.atitle=Design+and+performance+of+optimal+detectors+for+guided+wave+structural+health+monitoring&rft.au=Dib%2C+Gerges%3BUdpa%2C+Lalita&rft.aulast=Dib&rft.aufirst=Gerges&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=21&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Structural+Health+Monitoring&rft.issn=14759217&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F1475921715620003 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-03-01 N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Finite element method; Sensors; Transducers; Ultrasonics; Aging; Exploitation; Environmental conditions; Inspection; Design DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1475921715620003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identification and Resolution of Microdiversity through Metagenomic Sequencing of Parallel Consortia AN - 1758248675; PQ0002453000 AB - To gain a predictive understanding of the interspecies interactions within microbial communities that govern community function, the genomic complement of every member population must be determined. Although metagenomic sequencing has enabled the de novo reconstruction of some microbial genomes from environmental communities, microdiversity confounds current genome reconstruction techniques. To overcome this issue, we performed short-read metagenomic sequencing on parallel consortia, defined as consortia cultivated under the same conditions from the same natural community with overlapping species composition. The differences in species abundance between the two consortia allowed reconstruction of near-complete (at an estimated >85% of gene complement) genome sequences for 17 of the 20 detected member species. Two Halomonas spp. indistinguishable by amplicon analysis were found to be present within the community. In addition, comparison of metagenomic reads against the consensus scaffolds revealed within-species variation for one of the Halomonas populations, one of the Rhodobacteraceae populations, and the Rhizobiales population. Genomic comparison of these representative instances of inter- and intraspecies microdiversity suggests differences in functional potential that may result in the expression of distinct roles in the community. In addition, isolation and complete genome sequence determination of six member species allowed an investigation into the sensitivity and specificity of genome reconstruction processes, demonstrating robustness across a wide range of sequence coverage (9 to 2,700) within the metagenomic data set. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Nelson, William C AU - Maezato, Yukari AU - Wu, Yu-Wei AU - Romine, Margaret F AU - Lindemann, Stephen R AD - << + $0, william.nelson@pnnl.gov. PY - 2016 SP - 255 EP - 267 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 United States VL - 82 IS - 1 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Genomes KW - Data processing KW - Halomonas KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Abundance KW - Species composition KW - genomics KW - scaffolds KW - A 01340:Antibiotics & Antimicrobials UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1758248675?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Identification+and+Resolution+of+Microdiversity+through+Metagenomic+Sequencing+of+Parallel+Consortia&rft.au=Nelson%2C+William+C%3BMaezato%2C+Yukari%3BWu%2C+Yu-Wei%3BRomine%2C+Margaret+F%3BLindemann%2C+Stephen+R&rft.aulast=Nelson&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=255&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FAEM.02274-15 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 51 N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Data processing; Nucleotide sequence; Abundance; Species composition; genomics; scaffolds; Halomonas DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.02274-15 ER - TY - GEN T1 - A Spectrum of Views on Clinical Mass Spectrometry. AN - 1753009596; 26553793 JF - Clinical chemistry AU - Annesley, Thomas AU - Diamandis, Eleftherios AU - Bachmann, Lorin AU - Hanash, Samir AU - Hart, Bradley AU - Javahery, Reza AU - Singh, Ravinder AU - Smith, Richard Y1 - 2016/01// PY - 2016 DA - January 2016 SP - 30 EP - 36 VL - 62 IS - 1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Point-of-Care Systems KW - Humans KW - Chromatography, Liquid -- instrumentation KW - Mass Spectrometry -- instrumentation KW - Clinical Laboratory Techniques -- instrumentation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1753009596?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Clinical+chemistry&rft.atitle=A+Spectrum+of+Views+on+Clinical+Mass+Spectrometry.&rft.au=Annesley%2C+Thomas%3BDiamandis%2C+Eleftherios%3BBachmann%2C+Lorin%3BHanash%2C+Samir%3BHart%2C+Bradley%3BJavahery%2C+Reza%3BSingh%2C+Ravinder%3BSmith%2C+Richard&rft.aulast=Annesley&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=30&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clinical+chemistry&rft.issn=1530-8561&rft_id=info:doi/10.1373%2Fclinchem.2015.250258 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-06-20 N1 - Date created - 2015-12-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2015.250258 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Precipitation regime classification for the Mojave Desert: Implications for fire occurrence AN - 1732823342; PQ0002223023 AB - Long periods of drought or above-average precipitation affect Mojave Desert vegetation condition, biomass and susceptibility to fire. Changes in the seasonality of precipitation alter the likelihood of lightning, a key ignition source for fires. The objectives of this study were to characterize the relationship between recent, historic, and future precipitation patterns and fire. Classifying monthly precipitation data from 1971 to 2010 reveals four precipitation regimes: low winter/low summer, moderate winter/moderate summer, high winter/low summer and high winter/high summer. Two regimes with summer monsoonal precipitation covered only 40% of the Mojave Desert ecoregion but contain 88% of the area burned and 95% of the repeat burn area. Classifying historic precipitation for early-century (wet) and mid-century (drought) periods reveals distinct shifts in regime boundaries. Early-century results are similar to current, while the mid-century results show a sizeable reduction in area of regimes with a strong monsoonal component. Such a shift would suggest that fires during the mid-century period would be minimal and anecdotal records confirm this. Predicted precipitation patterns from downscaled global climate models indicate numerous epochs of high winter precipitation, inferring higher fire potential for many multi-decade periods during the next century. JF - Journal of Arid Environments AU - Tagestad, Jerry AU - Brooks, Matthew AU - Cullinan, Valerie AU - Downs, Janelle AU - McKinley, Randy AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, United States Y1 - 2016/01// PY - 2016 DA - January 2016 SP - 388 EP - 397 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 124 SN - 0140-1963, 0140-1963 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Environment Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Vegetation KW - Seasonality KW - Burn KW - Lightning KW - Climate KW - Drought KW - Burns KW - Historical account KW - Rainfall KW - Arid environments KW - Future precipitation KW - Monthly precipitation KW - Classification KW - Fire KW - Precipitation regime KW - Hydrologic Data KW - Seasonal variations KW - Droughts KW - Desert vegetation KW - Biomass KW - Global climate KW - USA, California, Mojave Desert KW - Boundaries KW - Hydrological Regime KW - Combustion products KW - Summer KW - Electricity KW - Winter KW - Models KW - Atmospheric precipitations KW - Fires KW - Climate models KW - Data processing KW - Drought periods KW - Climates KW - Precipitation KW - Deserts KW - Winter precipitation KW - Precipitation patterns KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - Q2 09283:Soil mechanics KW - M2 551.581:Latitudinal Influences (551.581) KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - ENA 20:Weather Modification & Geophysical Change UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1732823342?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Arid+Environments&rft.atitle=Precipitation+regime+classification+for+the+Mojave+Desert%3A+Implications+for+fire+occurrence&rft.au=Tagestad%2C+Jerry%3BBrooks%2C+Matthew%3BCullinan%2C+Valerie%3BDowns%2C+Janelle%3BMcKinley%2C+Randy&rft.aulast=Tagestad&rft.aufirst=Jerry&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=124&rft.issue=&rft.spage=388&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Arid+Environments&rft.issn=01401963&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jaridenv.2015.09.002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Seasonality; Atmospheric precipitations; Lightning; Classification; Deserts; Fire; Arid environments; Droughts; Burns; Fires; Data processing; Climate; Vegetation; Precipitation; Electricity; Biomass; Models; Boundaries; Seasonal variations; Climate models; Drought periods; Future precipitation; Drought; Desert vegetation; Monthly precipitation; Global climate; Winter precipitation; Precipitation regime; Precipitation patterns; Historical account; Combustion products; Rainfall; Summer; Winter; Hydrological Regime; Climates; Hydrologic Data; USA, California, Mojave Desert DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2015.09.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for assessment of human exposure to bisphenol A. AN - 1737478304; 26522835 AB - A previously developed physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for bisphenol A (BPA) in adult rhesus monkeys was modified to characterize the pharmacokinetics of BPA and its phase II conjugates in adult humans following oral ingestion. Coupled with in vitro studies on BPA metabolism in the liver and the small intestine, the PBPK model was parameterized using oral pharmacokinetic data with deuterated-BPA (d6-BPA) delivered in cookies to adult humans after overnight fasting. The availability of the serum concentration time course of unconjugated d6-BPA offered direct empirical evidence for the calibration of BPA model parameters. The recalibrated PBPK adult human model for BPA was then evaluated against published human pharmacokinetic studies with BPA. A hypothesis of decreased oral uptake was needed to account for the reduced peak levels observed in adult humans, where d6-BPA was delivered in soup and food was provided prior to BPA ingestion, suggesting the potential impact of dosing vehicles and/or fasting on BPA disposition. With the incorporation of Monte Carlo analysis, the recalibrated adult human model was used to address the inter-individual variability in the internal dose metrics of BPA for the U.S. general population. Model-predicted peak BPA serum levels were in the range of pM, with 95% of human variability falling within an order of magnitude. This recalibrated PBPK model for BPA in adult humans provides a scientific basis for assessing human exposure to BPA that can serve to minimize uncertainties incurred during extrapolations across doses and species. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Yang, Xiaoxia AU - Doerge, Daniel R AU - Teeguarden, Justin G AU - Fisher, Jeffrey W AD - Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, United States. Electronic address: xiaoxia.yang@fda.hhs.gov. ; Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, United States. ; Health Effects and Exposure Science, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, United States; Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States. Y1 - 2015/12/15/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Dec 15 SP - 442 EP - 456 VL - 289 IS - 3 KW - Air Pollutants, Occupational KW - 0 KW - Benzhydryl Compounds KW - Phenols KW - bisphenol A KW - MLT3645I99 KW - Index Medicus KW - Bisphenol A KW - PBPK KW - Physiologically based pharmacokinetic model KW - Human KW - BPA KW - Administration, Oral KW - Young Adult KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Tissue Distribution KW - Monte Carlo Method KW - Species Specificity KW - Models, Biological KW - Male KW - Female KW - Benzhydryl Compounds -- pharmacokinetics KW - Phenols -- blood KW - Phenols -- pharmacokinetics KW - Benzhydryl Compounds -- blood KW - Air Pollutants, Occupational -- pharmacokinetics KW - Air Pollutants, Occupational -- blood UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1737478304?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Development+of+a+physiologically+based+pharmacokinetic+model+for+assessment+of+human+exposure+to+bisphenol+A.&rft.au=Yang%2C+Xiaoxia%3BDoerge%2C+Daniel+R%3BTeeguarden%2C+Justin+G%3BFisher%2C+Jeffrey+W&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=Xiaoxia&rft.date=2015-12-15&rft.volume=289&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=442&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=1096-0333&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.taap.2015.10.016 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-03-07 N1 - Date created - 2015-11-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2015.10.016 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Smoothed particle hydrodynamics simulation and laboratory-scale experiments of complex flow dynamics in unsaturated fractures AN - 1849311134; 2016-109495 AB - Unsaturated flow in fractured porous media exhibits highly complex flow dynamics and a wide range of intermittent flow processes. Especially in wide aperture fractures, flow processes may be dominated by gravitational instead of capillary forces leading to a deviation from the classical volume effective approaches (Richard's equation, Van Genuchten type relationships). The existence of various flow modes such as droplets, rivulets, turbulent and adsorbed films is well known, however, their spatial and temporal distribution within fracture networks is still an open question partially due to the lack of appropriate modeling tools. With our work we want to gain a deeper understanding of the underlying flow and transport dynamics in unsaturated fractured media in order to support the development of more refined upscaled methods, applicable on catchment scales. We present fracture-scale flow simulations obtained with a parallelized Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) model. The model allows us to simulate free-surface flow dynamics including the effect of surface tension for a wide range of wetting conditions in smooth and rough fractures. Due to the highly efficient generation of surface tension via particle-particle interaction forces the dynamic wetting of surfaces can readily be obtained. We validated the model via empirical and semi-analytical solutions and conducted laboratory-scale percolation experiments of unsaturated flow through synthetic fracture systems. The setup allows us to obtain travel time distributions and identify characteristic flow mode distributions on wide aperture fractures intercepted by horizontal fracture elements. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Kordilla, Jannes AU - Tartakovsky, Alexandre M AU - Pan, Wenxiao AU - Shigorina, Elena AU - Noffz, Torsten AU - Geyer, Tobias AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H54F EP - 08 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1849311134?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Smoothed+particle+hydrodynamics+simulation+and+laboratory-scale+experiments+of+complex+flow+dynamics+in+unsaturated+fractures&rft.au=Kordilla%2C+Jannes%3BTartakovsky%2C+Alexandre+M%3BPan%2C+Wenxiao%3BShigorina%2C+Elena%3BNoffz%2C+Torsten%3BGeyer%2C+Tobias%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kordilla&rft.aufirst=Jannes&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-16 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Partitioning of organic compounds between crude oil and water under supercritical CO (sub 2) condition AN - 1849311081; 2016-109445 AB - In recent years depleted oil reservoirs have received special interest as carbon storage reservoirs because of their potential to offset costs through collaboration with enhanced oil recovery projects. Leakage of the injected CO2 may occur either as supercritical CO2 or CO2-saturated (brine) water. The injected supercritical CO2 is a nonpolar solvent that can potentially mobilize the residual oil compounds into supercritical CO2 and brine water through phase partitioning. For detailed risk assessment of CO2 leakage, various models can be used to quantify the mass of organic contaminants transported from carbon storage sites to potential receptors such as potable aquifers, in which the partition coefficients of crude oil hydrocarbons between CO2/crude oil/brines for subsurface CO2 sequestration scenarios are the key parameters controlling the fate and transport of organic contaminants along the CO2 leakage pathways. However, the solubilities of many of the oil organic compounds in brines under supercritical CO2 condition have not been yet fully determined. In this study, we developed a novel method to accurately measure the partitioning of crude oil organic compounds (BTEX, PAHs, etc.) between supercritical CO2 and brines and to study the effects of temperature, pressure, salinity, and compound's cosolvency (solubility enhancement) on the partitioning behavior of oil organic compounds along the various CO2 leakage paths in the subsurface. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Rod, Kenton Alan AU - Wang, Guohui AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H53H EP - 1777 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1849311081?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Partitioning+of+organic+compounds+between+crude+oil+and+water+under+supercritical+CO+%28sub+2%29+condition&rft.au=Rod%2C+Kenton+Alan%3BWang%2C+Guohui%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Rod&rft.aufirst=Kenton&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-16 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The DOE subsurface (SubTER) initiative; revolutionizing responsible use of the subsurface for energy production and storage AN - 1849310478; 2016-109393 AB - The subsurface supplies more than 80% of the U.S.'s total energy needs through geothermal and hydrocarbon strategies and also provides vast potential for safe storage of CO (sub 2) and disposal of nuclear waste. Responsible and efficient use of the subsurface poses many challenges, many of which require the capability to monitor and manipulate sub-surface stress, fractures, and fluid flow at all scales. Adaptive control of subsurface fractures and flow is a multi-disciplinary challenge that, if achieved, has the potential to transform all subsurface energy strategies. As part of the U.S. Department of Energy's SubTER (Subsurface Technology and Engineering Research development and demonstration) initiative, a multi-National Laboratory team is developing next-generation approaches that will allow for adaptive control of subsurface fractures and flow. SubTER has identified an initial suite of technical thrust areas to focus work, and has initiated a number of small projects. This presentation will describe early progress associated with the SubTER technical topic areas of wellbore integrity, subsurface stress and induced seismicity, permeability manipulation and new subsurface signals. It will also describe SubTER plans, and provide a venue to solicit suggestions and discuss potential partnerships associated with future research directions. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Hubbard, Susan S AU - Walck, Marianne C AU - Blankenship, Doug AU - Bonneville, Alain AU - Bromhal, Grant S AU - Daley, Thomas M AU - Pawar, Rajesh AU - Polsky, Yarom AU - Mattson, Earl AU - Mellors, Roberts J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H51M EP - 1561 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1849310478?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=The+DOE+subsurface+%28SubTER%29+initiative%3B+revolutionizing+responsible+use+of+the+subsurface+for+energy+production+and+storage&rft.au=Hubbard%2C+Susan+S%3BWalck%2C+Marianne+C%3BBlankenship%2C+Doug%3BBonneville%2C+Alain%3BBromhal%2C+Grant+S%3BDaley%2C+Thomas+M%3BPawar%2C+Rajesh%3BPolsky%2C+Yarom%3BMattson%2C+Earl%3BMellors%2C+Roberts+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hubbard&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-16 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Permeability changes on wellbore cement fractures modified by geochemical and geomechanical processes AN - 1849310370; 2016-109401 AB - Experimental studies were conducted using batch reactors, X-ray microtomography (XMT), and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling to determine changes in cement fracture surfaces, fluid flow pathways and permeability, and cement fracture propagation with geochemical and geomechanical processes. Portland cement-basalt interface sample with artificial fractures was prepared to study the geochemical and geomechanical effects on the integrity of wellbores containing defects caused by subsurface activities. Cement-basalt interface sample was subjected to mechanical stress at 2.7 MPa before the chemical reaction. CFD modeling was performed to simulate flow of supercritical CO (sub 2) within the fractures before and after the application of mechanical stress. The model results highlighted the complex flow characteristics within the fracture and also changes in flow patterns due to application of geomechanical stress. The CFD model predicted approximately 45% increase in permeability after the application of geomechanical force, which increases the fracture aperture. The same sample was reacted with CO (sub 2) -saturated groundwater with impurity H (sub 2) S (1 wt.%) at 50 degrees C and 10 MPa for 3 to 3.5 months under static conditions. XMT provided three-dimensional (3-D) visualization of the opening and interconnection of cement fractures due to mechanical stress. Even after a 3.5-month reaction with CO (sub 2) -H (sub 2) S-saturated groundwater at 50 degrees C and 10 MPa, CaCO (sub 3) (s) precipitation occurred more extensively within the cement fracture rather than along the cement-basalt interfaces. Micro X-ray diffraction analysis also showed that major cement carbonation products of CO (sub 2) -saturated groundwater reacting with impurity H (sub 2) S were calcite, aragonite, and vaterite, consistent with cement carbonation by pure CO (sub 2) -saturated groundwater, while pyrite was not identified due to low H (sub 2) S content. The experimental results imply that the wellbore cement with fractures is likely to be healed during exposure to CO (sub 2) -saturated groundwater under static flow conditions, whereas fractures along the cement-caprock interface are likely to remain vulnerable to the leakage of CO (sub 2) . The study suggests that geochemical and geomechanical processes have coupled effects on the wellbore cement fracture evolution and fluid flow along the fracture surfaces. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Rod, Kenton Alan AU - Um, Wooyong AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H51M EP - 1569 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1849310370?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Permeability+changes+on+wellbore+cement+fractures+modified+by+geochemical+and+geomechanical+processes&rft.au=Rod%2C+Kenton+Alan%3BUm%2C+Wooyong%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Rod&rft.aufirst=Kenton&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-16 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Atom-scale insights into carbonate organic-mineral interfaces AN - 1849305156; 2016-109717 AB - Biominerals are formed by the complex interaction between guiding biological structures and the kinetics of inorganic mineral growth. Inorganic crystal growth experiments have advanced our understanding of mineral precipitation in the context of biological systems, but the structure and chemistry of the mineralizing interface between these two systems has remained elusive. We have used laser-pulsed Atom Probe Tomography to reveal the first atom-scale 3D view of an organic-mineral interface in calcite produced by the planktic foraminifera Orbulina universa. We observe elevated Na and Mg throughout the organic, and a 9-fold increase in Na in the surface 2 nm of the organic layer, relative to the adjacent calcite. The surface-specificity of this Na maximum suggests that Na may play an integral role in conditioning the organic layer for calcite nucleation. Na could accomplish this by modifying surface hydration or structure, to modify organic-fluid and/or organic-calcite interfacial energies. Our data constitute the first evidence of the role of 'spectator' ions in facilitating biomineralisation, which could be an overlooked but crucial aspect of the initial steps of skeleton formation in calcifying organisms. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Branson, Oscar AU - Perea, Daniel E AU - Spero, Howard J AU - Winters, Maria A AU - Gagnon, Alex AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract PP53B EP - 2334 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1849305156?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Atom-scale+insights+into+carbonate+organic-mineral+interfaces&rft.au=Branson%2C+Oscar%3BPerea%2C+Daniel+E%3BSpero%2C+Howard+J%3BWinters%2C+Maria+A%3BGagnon%2C+Alex%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Branson&rft.aufirst=Oscar&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-16 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The anatomy of a fumarole inferred from a 3-D high-resolution electrical resistivity image of Solfatara hydrothermal system (Phlegrean Fields, Italy) AN - 1849302502; 2016-110007 AB - Solfatara, the most active crater in the Phlegrean Fields volcanic complex, shows since ten years a remarkable renewal of activity characterized by an increase of CO (sub 2) total degassing from 1500 up to 3000 tons/day, associated with a large ground uplift (Chiodini et al., 2015). In order to precisely image the structure of the shallow hydrothermal system, we performed an extended electrical DC resistivity survey at Solfatara, with about 40 2-D profiles of length up to 1 km, as well as soil temperature and CO2 flux measurements over the area. We then realized a 3-D inversion from the nearly equal 40 000 resistivity data points, using E4D code (Johnson et al., 2010). At large scale, results clearly delineate two contrasted structures: - A very conductive body (resistivity < 5 Ohm.m) located beneath the Fangaia mud pools, and likely associated to a mineralized liquid rich plume. - An elongated more resistive body (20-30 Ohm.m) connected to the main fumarolic area and interpreted as the gas reservoir feeding the fumaroles. At smaller scale, our resistivity model originally highlights the 3-D anatomy of a fumarole and the interactions between condensate layers and gas chimneys. This high-resolution image of the shallow hydrothermal structure is a new step for the modeling of this system. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Gresse, Marceau AU - Vandemeulebrouck, J AU - Chiodini, G AU - Byrdina, S AU - Lebourg, T AU - Johnson, T C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract V13C EP - 3157 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1849302502?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=The+anatomy+of+a+fumarole+inferred+from+a+3-D+high-resolution+electrical+resistivity+image+of+Solfatara+hydrothermal+system+%28Phlegrean+Fields%2C+Italy%29&rft.au=Gresse%2C+Marceau%3BVandemeulebrouck%2C+J%3BChiodini%2C+G%3BByrdina%2C+S%3BLebourg%2C+T%3BJohnson%2C+T+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gresse&rft.aufirst=Marceau&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-16 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Implications of abundant gas and oil for climate forcing AN - 1849302295; 2016-109939 AB - Perhaps the most important development in the field of energy over the past decade has been the advent of technologies that enable the production of larger volumes of natural gas and oil at lower cost. The availability of more abundant gas and oil is reshaping the global energy system, with implications for both evolving emissions of CO (sub 2) and other climate forcers. More abundant gas and oil will also transform the character of greenhouse gas emissions mitigation. We review recent findings regarding the impact of abundant gas and oil for climate forcing and the challenge of emissions mitigation. We find strong evidence that, absent policies to limits its penetration against renewable energy, abundant gas has little observable impact on CO (sub 2) emissions, and tends to increase overall climate forcing, though the latter finding is subject to substantial uncertainty. The presence of abundant gas also affects emissions mitigation. There is relatively little literature exploring the implication of expanded gas availability on the difficulty in meeting emissions mitigation goals. However, preliminary results indicate that on global scales abundant gas does not substantially affect the cost of emissions mitigation, even though natural gas could have an expanded role in emissions mitigation scenarios as compared with scenarios in which natural gas is less abundant. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Edmonds, James AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract U44A EP - 02 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1849302295?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Implications+of+abundant+gas+and+oil+for+climate+forcing&rft.au=Edmonds%2C+James%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Edmonds&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-16 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Borehole muon detector development AN - 1840622095; 2016-096070 AB - Increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations have spurred investigation into carbon sequestration methods. One of the possibilities being considered, storing super-critical CO2 in underground reservoirs, has drawn more attention and pilot projects are being supported worldwide. Monitoring of the post-injection fate of CO2 is of utmost importance. Generally, monitoring options are active methods, such as 4D seismic reflection or pressure measurements in monitoring wells. We propose here to develop a 4-D density tomography of subsurface CO2 reservoirs using cosmic-ray muon detectors deployed in a borehole. Muon detection is a relatively mature field of particle physics and there are many muon detector designs, though most are quite large and not designed for subsurface measurements. The primary technical challenge preventing deployment of this technology in the subsurface is the lack of miniaturized muon-tracking detectors capable of fitting in standard boreholes and that will resist the harsh underground conditions. A detector with these capabilities is being developed by a collaboration supported by the U.S. Department of Energy. Current simulations based on a Monte Carlo modeling code predict that the incoming muon angle can be resolved with an error of approximately two degrees, using either underground or sea level spectra. The robustness of the design comes primarily from the use of scintillating rods as opposed to drift tubes. The rods are arrayed in alternating layers to provide a coordinate scheme. Preliminary testing and measurements are currently being performed to test and enhance the performance of the scintillating rods, in both a laboratory and a shallow underground facility. The simulation predictions and data from the experiments will be presented. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Bonneville, Alain AU - Flygare, Joshua AU - Kouzes, Richard AU - Lintereur, Azaree AU - Yamaoka, Jared Andrew Kiyoshi AU - Varner, Gary S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract NS21B EP - 1926 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1840622095?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Borehole+muon+detector+development&rft.au=Bonneville%2C+Alain%3BFlygare%2C+Joshua%3BKouzes%2C+Richard%3BLintereur%2C+Azaree%3BYamaoka%2C+Jared+Andrew+Kiyoshi%3BVarner%2C+Gary+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bonneville&rft.aufirst=Alain&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A scalable multi-chain Markov chain Monte Carlo method for inverting subsurface hydraulic and geological properties AN - 1840621915; 2016-098393 AB - We developed a novel scalable multi-chain Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method for high-dimensional inverse problems. The method is scalable in terms of number of chains and processors, and is useful for Bayesian calibration of computationally expensive simulators typically used for scientific and engineering calculations. In this study, we demonstrate two applications of this method for hydraulic and geological inverse problems. The first one is monitoring soil moisture variations using tomographic ground penetrating radar (GPR) travel time data, where challenges exist in the inversion of GPR tomographic data for handling non-uniqueness and nonlinearity and high-dimensionality of unknowns. We integrated the multi-chain MCMC framework with the pilot point concept, a curved-ray GPR forward model, and a sequential Gaussian simulation (SGSIM) algorithm for estimating the dielectric permittivity at pilot point locations distributed within the tomogram, as well as its spatial correlation range, which are used to construct the whole field of dielectric permittivity using SGSIM. The second application is reservoir porosity and saturation estimation using the multi-chain MCMC approach to jointly invert marine seismic amplitude versus angle (AVA) and controlled-source electro-magnetic (CSEM) data for a layered reservoir model, where the unknowns to be estimated include the porosity and fluid saturation in each reservoir layer and the electrical conductivity of the overburden and bedrock. The computational efficiency, accuracy, and convergence behaviors of the inversion approach are systematically evaluated. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Bao, Jie AU - Ren, Huiying AU - Hou, Zhangshuan AU - Ray, Jaideep AU - Swiler, Laura AU - Huang, Maoyi AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract NS34A EP - 07 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1840621915?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=A+scalable+multi-chain+Markov+chain+Monte+Carlo+method+for+inverting+subsurface+hydraulic+and+geological+properties&rft.au=Bao%2C+Jie%3BRen%2C+Huiying%3BHou%2C+Zhangshuan%3BRay%2C+Jaideep%3BSwiler%2C+Laura%3BHuang%2C+Maoyi%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bao&rft.aufirst=Jie&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simulation of underground muon flux with application to muon tomography AN - 1840619936; 2016-096066 AB - Muon tomography uses highly energetic muons, produced by cosmic rays interacting within the upper atmosphere, to image dense materials. Like x-rays, an image can be constructed from the negative of the absorbed (or scattered) muons. Unlike x-rays, these muons can penetrate thousands of meters of earth. Muon tomography has been shown to be useful across a wide range of applications (such as imaging of the interior of volcanoes and cargo containers). This work estimates the sensitivity of muon tomography for various underground applications. We use simulations to estimate the change in flux as well as the spatial resolution when imaging static objects, such as mine shafts, and dynamic objects, such as a CO (sub 2) reservoir filling over time. We present a framework where we import ground density data from other sources, such as wells, gravity and seismic data, to generate an expected muon flux distribution at specified underground locations. This information can further be fed into a detector simulation to estimate a final experimental sensitivity. There are many applications of this method. We explore its use to image underground nuclear test sites, both the deformation from the explosion as well as the supporting infrastructure (access tunnels and shafts). We also made estimates for imaging a CO2 sequestration site similar to Futuregen 2.0 in Illinois and for imaging magma chambers beneath the Cascade Range volcanoes. This work may also be useful to basic science, such as underground dark matter experiments, where increasing experimental sensitivity requires, amongst other factors, a precise knowledge of the muon background. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Yamaoka, Jared Andrew Kiyoshi AU - Bonneville, Alain AU - Flygare, Joshua AU - Lintereur, Azaree AU - Kouzes, Richard AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract NS21B EP - 1922 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1840619936?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Simulation+of+underground+muon+flux+with+application+to+muon+tomography&rft.au=Yamaoka%2C+Jared+Andrew+Kiyoshi%3BBonneville%2C+Alain%3BFlygare%2C+Joshua%3BLintereur%2C+Azaree%3BKouzes%2C+Richard%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Yamaoka&rft.aufirst=Jared+Andrew&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Towards biogeochemical modeling of anaerobic oxidation of methane; characterization of microbial communities in methane-bearing North American continental margin sediments AN - 1840614778; 2016-093744 AB - Methane advecting through continental margin sediments may enter the water column and potentially contribute to ocean acidification and increase atmospheric methane concentrations. Anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM), mediated by syntrophic consortia of anaerobic methanotrophic archaea and sulfate-reducing bacteria (ANME-SRB), consumes nearly all dissolved methane in methane-bearing sediments before it reaches the sediment-water interface. Despite the significant role ANME-SRB play in carbon cycling, our knowledge of these organisms and their surrounding microbial communities is limited. Our objective is to develop a metabolic model of ANME-SRB within methane-bearing sediments and to couple this to a geochemical reaction-transport model for these margins. As a first step towards this goal, we undertook fluorescent microscopic imaging, 16S rRNA gene deep-sequencing, and shotgun metagenomic sequencing of sediments from the US Pacific (Washington) and northern Atlantic margins where ANME-SRB are present. A successful Illumina MiSeq sequencing run yielded 106,257 bacterial and 857,834 archaeal 16S rRNA gene sequences from 12 communities from the Washington Margin using both universal prokaryotic and archaeal-specific primer sets. Fluorescent microscopy confirmed the presence of cells of the ANME-2c lineage in the sequenced communities. Microbial community characterization was coupled with measurements of sediment physical and geochemical properties and, for samples from the US Atlantic margin, 14C-based measurements of AOM rates and 35S-based measurements of sulfate reduction rates. These findings have the potential to increase understanding of ANME-SRB, their surrounding microbial communities, and their role in carbon cycling within continental margins. In addition, they pave the way for future efforts at developing a metabolic model of ANME-SRB and coupling it to geochemical models of the US Washington and Atlantic margins. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Graw, Michael Franklin AU - Solomon, Evan A AU - Chrisler, William AU - Krause, Stefan AU - Treude, Tina AU - Ruppel, Carolyn D AU - Pohlman, John AU - Colwell, Frederick S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract OS33A EP - 1993 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1840614778?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Towards+biogeochemical+modeling+of+anaerobic+oxidation+of+methane%3B+characterization+of+microbial+communities+in+methane-bearing+North+American+continental+margin+sediments&rft.au=Graw%2C+Michael+Franklin%3BSolomon%2C+Evan+A%3BChrisler%2C+William%3BKrause%2C+Stefan%3BTreude%2C+Tina%3BRuppel%2C+Carolyn+D%3BPohlman%2C+John%3BColwell%2C+Frederick+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Graw&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Technical evaluation of biogeochemical transformation of iodine at 200-UP-1, Hanford, WA AN - 1832728582; 2016-089376 AB - From the 1940s through the early 1990s, liquid wastes from materials used and produced at the Hanford Site were disposed to the ground through cribs, ditches, ponds, and trenches. Primary groundwater and vadose zone contaminants include carbon tetrachloride, uranium, nitrate, chromium, (super 129) I, (super 99) Tc, and tritium. Iodine-129 is of environmental concern due to its long half-life, mobility, and hazardous potential to humans through bioaccumulation, and is one of the primary risk drivers for the Hanford site. The 200 West area of the Hanford Site contains two separate plumes covering 1,500 acres where (super 129) I concentrations are nearly equal 3.5 pCi/L in Hanford groundwater. Speciation analysis shows that iodate comprises 70.6% of the iodine present, and organo-iodide and iodide comprise 25.8% and 3.6% respectively. While hydraulic containment is the currently selected remedy for (super 129) I in the groundwater, there is currently no remedy selected for controlling migration of (super 129) I from the vadose zone to the groundwater. Research is currently underway to develop a site conceptual model for understanding the biogeochemical drivers for iodine speciation and determine the processes that drive the fate and transport of (super 129) I through the vadose zone and into groundwater. These data will provide the information to decrease the uncertainty related to the inventory, distribution, and transport properties which will lead to appropriate treatment strategies for the (super 129) I plume(s). Understanding the mechanisms and contributors to iodine speciation is important in order to develop bioremediation strategies for contaminated areas. The effect that microbial communities and humic acid have on iodine speciation and sorption was explored using Ringold sediment from the 200 West Area exposed to varying levels of (super 129) I contamination in conjunction with varying growth media constituents. Several isolates obtained from these batch studies have been shown to reduce over 80% of iodate present in growth media when nitrate was present. No iodate reduction was observed in the absence of nitrate. Additionally, several isolates have been identified that can oxidize iodide. Currently, analytical techniques are underway to quantify the effect of microbial interaction on iodine speciation along with characterization of these diverse microbial isolates. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Lee, M H AU - Cordova, E AU - Brooks, S AU - Moser, E AU - Wells, J AU - Lee, B AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H43F EP - 1592 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832728582?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Technical+evaluation+of+biogeochemical+transformation+of+iodine+at+200-UP-1%2C+Hanford%2C+WA&rft.au=Lee%2C+M+H%3BCordova%2C+E%3BBrooks%2C+S%3BMoser%2C+E%3BWells%2C+J%3BLee%2C+B%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-27 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Silica-based carbon source delivery for in-situ bioremediation enhancement AN - 1832728535; 2016-089368 AB - Colloidal silica aqueous suspensions undergo viscosity increasing and gelation over time under favorable geochemical conditions. This property of silica suspension can potentially be applied to deliver remedial amendments to the subsurface and establish slow release amendment sources for enhanced remediation. In this study, silica-based delivery of carbon sources for in-situ bioremediation enhancement is investigated. Sodium lactate, vegetable oil, ethanol, and molasses have been studied for the interaction with colloidal silica in aqueous suspensions. The rheological properties of the carbon source amendments and silica suspension have been investigated. The lactate-, ethanol-, and molasses-silica suspensions exhibited controllable viscosity increase and eventually became gels under favorable geochemical conditions. The gelation rate was a function of the concentration of silica, salinity, amendment, and temperature. The vegetable oil-silica suspensions increased viscosity immediately upon mixing, but did not perform gelation. The carbon source release rate from the lactate-, ethanol-, and molasses-silica gels was determined as a function of silica, salinity, amendment concentration. The microbial activity stimulation and in-situ bioremediation enhancement by the slow-released carbon from the amendment-silica gels will be demonstrated in future investigations planned in this study. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Zhong, L AU - Lee, M H AU - Lee, B AU - Yang, S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H43F EP - 1584 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832728535?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Silica-based+carbon+source+delivery+for+in-situ+bioremediation+enhancement&rft.au=Zhong%2C+L%3BLee%2C+M+H%3BLee%2C+B%3BYang%2C+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zhong&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-27 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using observations to models to understand the effects of irrigation, groundwater dynamics, land surface/subsurface heterogeneity on land-atmosphere-cloud-interactions; evidence from the Southern Great Plains AN - 1832723826; 2016-091939 AB - Land-Atmosphere-Cloud Interactions (LACI) are important for a number of physical and biological processes that drive the climate system. Historical and planned observations from the US Department of Energy's Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Climate Research Facility Southern Great Plain (SGP) site provide unique opportunities for analyzing local land-atmosphere interactions and serve as metrics for benchmarking model simulated land and atmospheric variables. This region is of particular interest because it has been identified as a "hotspot" of land atmosphere interactions under past, present, and future climate conditions. In this presentation, we will discuss results from several modeling studies integrated with observations that evaluate the impacts of a few selected land surface processes/land model representations on surface energy fluxes, structure of boundary layer turbulence, and hence potentially cloud formation and precipitation, that have shown to be important over the SGP region, including (1) the role of land surface/subsurface heterogeneity in terms of land cover and soil texture that affects the spatial patterns of the soil moisture and surface fluxes, (2) anthropogenic disturbance to the terrestrial hydrological cycle through irrigation as a result of agricultural expansion over the region, and (3) the interactions between soil moisture and groundwater dynamics that alter evapotranspiration and partitioning of the surface energy budget. Future research directions to be explored by the community to better understand LACI will also be discussed. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Huang, Maoyi AU - Berg, L K AU - Qian, Y AU - Xiao, H AU - Gustafson, William I AU - Liu, Y AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H33J EP - 05 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832723826?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Using+observations+to+models+to+understand+the+effects+of+irrigation%2C+groundwater+dynamics%2C+land+surface%2Fsubsurface+heterogeneity+on+land-atmosphere-cloud-interactions%3B+evidence+from+the+Southern+Great+Plains&rft.au=Huang%2C+Maoyi%3BBerg%2C+L+K%3BQian%2C+Y%3BXiao%2C+H%3BGustafson%2C+William+I%3BLiu%2C+Y%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Huang&rft.aufirst=Maoyi&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-27 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Supercritical CO (sub 2) dissolution and mass transfer in a heterogeneous pore network under drainage and imbibition conditions AN - 1832723769; 2016-092001 AB - Dissolution trapping of supercritical CO (sub 2) (scCO (sub 2) ) is usually modeled by assuming instantaneous scCO (sub 2) dissolution and equilibrium phase partitioning. Our recent core-scale imbibition experiments show a prolonged depletion of residual scCO (sub 2) by dissolution, implying a non-equilibrium mechanism. In our 2D sandstone-analogue micromodel experimental study, pore-scale scCO (sub 2) dissolution was inferred from imaging (1) drainage using a pH-sensitive water dye and (2) imbibition using a scCO (sub 2) dye. The drainage experiment was conducted by injecting scCO (sub 2) into the dissolved-CO (sub 2) (dsCO (sub 2) )-free water-filled pore network. The time-lapse images of non-uniform dye intensities indicating varying pH show that dsCO (sub 2) concentration varies from zero to solubility in individual pores and pore clusters and the average concentration gradually increases with time. The different rates of dissolution in different pores/clusters can be attributed to (1) fast scCO (sub 2) dissolution at scCO (sub 2) -water interfaces, (2) rate-limited mass transfer due to limited interface areas, and (3) a transition from rate-limited to diffusion-limited mass transfer, revealed by detailed analysis on selected pores and pore clusters. The imbibition experiments conducted by injecting deionized water at different rates show (1) water flow in channels bypassing scCO (sub 2) at high residual saturations, (2) subsequent, slow scCO (sub 2) depletion by dissolution and mass transfer as effluent dsCO (sub 2) concentration varies from 0.06% to 4.44% of solubility, and (3) creation of new water flow paths by dissolution, enhancing scCO (sub 2) depletion by coupled displacement and dissolution. Both the drainage and imbibitions experiments indicate non-equilibrium scCO (sub 2) dissolution in the centimeter-scale pore network over 4.5 hours and up to 14 hours, respectively. The pore-scale imaging can help better understand the effects of pore-throat characteristics on scCO (sub 2) dissolution and mass transfer during drainage and imbibition and the interplay between displacement and dissolution. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Kneafsey, T J AU - Chang, C AU - Zhou, Q AU - Oostrom, M AU - Wietsma, T W AU - Yu, Q AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H41C EP - 1311 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832723769?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Supercritical+CO+%28sub+2%29+dissolution+and+mass+transfer+in+a+heterogeneous+pore+network+under+drainage+and+imbibition+conditions&rft.au=Kneafsey%2C+T+J%3BChang%2C+C%3BZhou%2C+Q%3BOostrom%2C+M%3BWietsma%2C+T+W%3BYu%2C+Q%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kneafsey&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-27 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carbon characteristics and biogeochemical processes of uranium accumulating organic matter rich sediments in the upper Colorado River basin AN - 1832723482; 2016-091948 AB - Uranium plume persistence in groundwater aquifers is a problem on several former ore processing sites on floodplains in the upper Colorado River Basin. Earlier observations by our group and others at the Old Rifle Site, CO, have noted that U concentrations are highest in organic rich, fine-grained, and, therefore, diffusion limited sediment material. Due to the constantly evolving depositional environments of floodplains, surficial organic matter may become buried at various stages of decomposition, through sudden events such as overbank flooding and through the slower progression of river meandering. This creates a discontinuous subsurface distribution of organic-rich sediments, which are hotspots for microbial activity and thereby central to the subsurface cycling of contaminants (e.g. U) and biologically relevant elements (e.g. C, N, P, Fe). However, the organic matter itself is poorly characterized. Consequently, little is known about its relevance in driving biogeochemical processes that control U fate and transport in the subsurface. In an investigation of soil/sediment cores from five former uranium ore processing sites on floodplains distributed across the Upper Colorado River Basin we confirmed consistent co-enrichment of U with organic-rich layers in all profiles. However, using C K-edge X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS) coupled with Fourier-Transformed Ion-Cyclotron-Resonance Mass-Spectroscopy (FT-ICR-MS) on bulk sediments and density-separated organic matter fractions, we did not detect any chemical difference in the organic rich sediments compared to the surrounding coarser-grained aquifer material within the same profile, even though there were differences in organic matter composition between the 5 sites. This suggests that U retention and reduction to U(IV) is independent of C chemical composition on the bulk scale. Instead it appears to be the abundance of organic matter in combination with a limited O2 supply in the fine-grained material that stimulate anaerobic microbial processes responsible for U enrichment. Thus, the chemical composition of organic matter is subordinate to the physical environment and total organic matter content in controlling U reduction and retention processes. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Boye, K AU - Noel, V AU - Tfaily, M M AU - Dam, W L AU - Bargar, J AU - Fendorf, S E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H33N EP - 05 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832723482?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Carbon+characteristics+and+biogeochemical+processes+of+uranium+accumulating+organic+matter+rich+sediments+in+the+upper+Colorado+River+basin&rft.au=Boye%2C+K%3BNoel%2C+V%3BTfaily%2C+M+M%3BDam%2C+W+L%3BBargar%2C+J%3BFendorf%2C+S+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Boye&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-27 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seasonal hydrologic controls on uranium and iron biogeochemistry in a riparian aquifer AN - 1832723406; 2016-091945 AB - The maintenance of geochemically reducing conditions is generally optimal for the formation and preservation of reduced metals and mineral phases that can limit contaminant fate and transport. At a riparian aquifer near Rifle, CO, we tracked over six months the biogeochemical response within the aquifer to an annual pulse of dissolved oxygen (DO) that results from snowmelt-driven changes in Colorado River stage. In reduced portions of the aquifer (naturally reduced zones; NRZs) the re-oxidation of abundant iron sulfide minerals was the dominant oxygen-consuming process, and resulted in little DO intrusion into the deeper aquifer. In less reduced areas, DO intruded through the entire vertical profile of the aquifer. Across both regions, these perturbations resulted in changes to the microbial community structure, and aqueous metal pools. Two potentially different mechanisms of uranium mobilization were observed; (1) re-oxidation of reduced U(IV) phases in response to DO intrusion, and (2) mobilization of U(VI) from the vadose zone during water table rise. This high-resolution, long-term monitoring of aquifer biogeochemistry at the Rifle site has revealed dynamic microbial and geochemical responses to predictable, annual hydrologic perturbations, and offers an opportunity to further refine modeling approaches for such regions. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Wilkins, M AU - Williams, K H AU - Danczak, R E AU - Yabusaki, S AU - Fang, Y AU - Hobson, C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H33N EP - 02 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832723406?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Seasonal+hydrologic+controls+on+uranium+and+iron+biogeochemistry+in+a+riparian+aquifer&rft.au=Wilkins%2C+M%3BWilliams%2C+K+H%3BDanczak%2C+R+E%3BYabusaki%2C+S%3BFang%2C+Y%3BHobson%2C+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wilkins&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-27 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Responses of estuarine circulation and salinity to the loss of intertidal flats; a modeling study AN - 1832619252; 771797-6 AB - Intertidal flats in estuaries are coastal wetlands that provide critical marine habitats to support wide ranges of marine species. Over the last century many estuarine systems have experienced significant loss of intertidal flats due to anthropogenic impacts. This paper presents a modeling study conducted to investigate the responses of estuarine hydrodynamics to the loss of intertidal flats in Whidbey Basin of Puget Sound on the northwest coast of North America. Changes in salinity intrusion limits in the estuaries, salinity stratification, and circulation in intertidal flats and estuaries were evaluated by comparing model results under the existing baseline condition and the no-flat condition. Model results showed that loss of intertidal flats results in an increase in salinity intrusion, stronger mixing, and a phase shift in salinity and velocity fields in the bay front areas. Model results also indicated that loss of intertidal flats enhances two-layer circulation, especially the bottom water intrusion. Loss of intertidal flats increases the mean salinity but reduces the salinity range in the subtidal flats over a tidal cycle because of increased mixing. Salinity intrusion limits extend upstream in all three major rivers discharging into Whidbey Basin when no intertidal flats are present. Changes in salinity intrusion and estuarine circulation patterns due to loss of intertidal flats affect the nearshore habitat and water quality in estuaries and potentially increase risk of coastal hazards, such as storm surge and coastal flooding. Lastly, model results suggested the importance of including intertidal flats and the wetting-and-drying process in hydrodynamic simulations when intertidal flats are present in the model domain. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Continental Shelf Research AU - Yang, Zhaoqing AU - Wang, Taiping Y1 - 2015/12/01/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Dec 01 SP - 159 EP - 173 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 111 IS - PART B SN - 0278-4343, 0278-4343 KW - United States KW - shore features KW - Washington KW - numerical models KW - three-dimensional models KW - erosion KW - landform evolution KW - salinity KW - estuaries KW - Puget Sound KW - intertidal environment KW - tidal flats KW - finite volume analysis KW - stratification KW - circulation KW - digital simulation KW - hydrodynamics KW - coastal environment KW - geomorphology KW - littoral erosion KW - 23:Geomorphology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832619252?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Continental+Shelf+Research&rft.atitle=Responses+of+estuarine+circulation+and+salinity+to+the+loss+of+intertidal+flats%3B+a+modeling+study&rft.au=Yang%2C+Zhaoqing%3BWang%2C+Taiping&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=Zhaoqing&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=111&rft.issue=PART+B&rft.spage=159&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Continental+Shelf+Research&rft.issn=02784343&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.csr.2015.08.011 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/02784343 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Number of references - 77 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - CODEN - CSHRDZ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - circulation; coastal environment; digital simulation; erosion; estuaries; finite volume analysis; geomorphology; hydrodynamics; intertidal environment; landform evolution; littoral erosion; numerical models; Puget Sound; salinity; shore features; stratification; three-dimensional models; tidal flats; United States; Washington DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2015.08.011 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dynamic kinetics of nitrogen cycle in groundwater-surface water interaction zone at Hanford Site AN - 1828852462; 2016-086435 AB - Nitrogen cycle carried out by microbes is an important geobiological process that has global implications for carbon and nitrogen cycling and climate change. This presentation describes a study of nitrogen cycle in groundwater-surface water interaction zone (GSIZ) at the US Department of Energy's Hanford Site. Groundwater at Hanford sites has long been documented with nitrate contamination. Nearby Columbia River stage changes of up to 3 m every day because of daily discharge fluctuation from upstream Priest Rapids Dam; resulting an exchange of groundwater and surface water in a short time period. Yet, nitrogen cycle in the GSIZ at Hanford Site remains unclear. Column studies have been used to identify nitrogen metabolism pathways and investigate kinetics of nitrogen cycle in groundwater saturated zone, surface water saturated zone, and GSIZ. Functional gene and protein abundances were determined by qPCR and PRISM-SRM (high-pressure, high-resolution separations coupled with intelligent selection and multiplexing for sensitive selected reaction monitoring) to identify key enzymatic reactions and metabolic pathways of nitrogen cycle. The results showed that dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) competed with denitrification under anaerobic conditions, reducing 30% of NO (sub 3) (super -) to NH (sub 4) (super +) , a cation strongly retained on the sediments. As dissolved oxygen intruded the anaerobic zone with river water, NH (sub 4) (super +) was oxidized to NO (sub 3) (super -) , increasing the mobility of NO (sub 3) (super -) . Multiplicative Monod models were established to describe nitrogen cycle in columns fed with O (sub 2) depleted synthetic groundwater and O (sub 2) saturated synthetic river water, respectively. The two models were then coupled to predict the dynamic kinetics of nitrogen cycle in GSIZ. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Liu, Yuanyuan AU - Liu, Chongxuan AU - Liu, Yunde AU - Xu, Fen AU - Yan, Ailan AU - Shi, Liang AU - Zachara, John M AU - Gao, Yuqian AU - Qian, Weijun AU - Nelson, William AU - Fredrickson, J AU - Zhong, Lirong AU - Thompson, Christopher AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H33C EP - 1615 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1828852462?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Dynamic+kinetics+of+nitrogen+cycle+in+groundwater-surface+water+interaction+zone+at+Hanford+Site&rft.au=Liu%2C+Yuanyuan%3BLiu%2C+Chongxuan%3BLiu%2C+Yunde%3BXu%2C+Fen%3BYan%2C+Ailan%3BShi%2C+Liang%3BZachara%2C+John+M%3BGao%2C+Yuqian%3BQian%2C+Weijun%3BNelson%2C+William%3BFredrickson%2C+J%3BZhong%2C+Lirong%3BThompson%2C+Christopher%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Yuanyuan&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Adaptive probabilistic collocation based Kalman filter for unsaturated flow problem AN - 1828849953; 2016-086504 AB - The ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) has gained popularity in hydrological data assimilation problems. As a Monte Carlo based method, a relatively large ensemble size is usually required to guarantee the accuracy. As an alternative approach, the probabilistic collocation based Kalman filter (PCKF) employs the Polynomial Chaos to approximate the original system. In this way, the sampling error can be reduced. However, PCKF suffers from the so called "cure of dimensionality". When the system nonlinearity is strong and number of parameters is large, PCKF is even more computationally expensive than EnKF. Motivated by recent developments in uncertainty quantification, we propose a restart adaptive probabilistic collocation based Kalman filter (RAPCKF) for data assimilation in unsaturated flow problem. During the implementation of RAPCKF, the important parameters are identified and active PCE basis functions are adaptively selected. The "restart" technology is used to alleviate the inconsistency between model parameters and states. The performance of RAPCKF is tested by unsaturated flow numerical cases. It is shown that RAPCKF is more efficient than EnKF with the same computational cost. Compared with the traditional PCKF, the RAPCKF is more applicable in strongly nonlinear and high dimensional problems. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Man, Jun AU - Li, Weixuan AU - Zeng, Lingzao AU - Wu, Laosheng AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H53D EP - 1689 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1828849953?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Adaptive+probabilistic+collocation+based+Kalman+filter+for+unsaturated+flow+problem&rft.au=Man%2C+Jun%3BLi%2C+Weixuan%3BZeng%2C+Lingzao%3BWu%2C+Laosheng%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Man&rft.aufirst=Jun&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Incorporating approximation error in surrogate based Bayesian inversion AN - 1828849855; 2016-086506 AB - There are increasing interests in applying surrogates for inverse Bayesian modeling to reduce repetitive evaluations of original model. In this way, the computational cost is expected to be saved. However, the approximation error of surrogate model is usually overlooked. This is partly because that it is difficult to evaluate the approximation error for many surrogates. Previous studies have shown that, the direct combination of surrogates and Bayesian methods (e.g., Markov Chain Monte Carlo, MCMC) may lead to biased estimations when the surrogate cannot emulate the highly nonlinear original system. This problem can be alleviated by implementing MCMC in a two-stage manner. However, the computational cost is still high since a relatively large number of original model simulations are required. In this study, we illustrate the importance of incorporating approximation error in inverse Bayesian modeling. Gaussian process (GP) is chosen to construct the surrogate for its convenience in approximation error evaluation. Numerical cases of Bayesian experimental design and parameter estimation for contaminant source identification are used to illustrate this idea. It is shown that, once the surrogate approximation error is well incorporated into Bayesian framework, promising results can be obtained even when the surrogate is directly used, and no further original model simulations are required. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Zhang, Jiangjiang AU - Zeng, Lingzao AU - Li, Weixuan AU - Wu, Laosheng AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H53D EP - 1692 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1828849855?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Incorporating+approximation+error+in+surrogate+based+Bayesian+inversion&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Jiangjiang%3BZeng%2C+Lingzao%3BLi%2C+Weixuan%3BWu%2C+Laosheng%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Jiangjiang&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Applications of reduced order models for groundwater impacts due to leaking brine or carbon dioxide AN - 1828847099; 2016-086454 AB - The National Risk Assessment Partnership has developed a suite of reduced-order models (ROMs) that can be used to predict the impact of CO2 and brine leaks on overlying aquifers. The these computationally-efficient models are based on field-scale reactive transport simulations. The ROMs reproduce the ensemble behavior of large numbers of simulations very well and thus are well-suited to applications that consider a large number of scenarios such as sensitivity analysis, risk assessment, and uncertainty analysis. In this presentation, we seek to demonstrate applicability of ROM-based ensemble analysis. We consider two questions. First, what types of decisions could these analyses support? Second, what types of aquifers could these ROMs be applied to? Four examples are presented for applying these ROMs, in ensemble mode, to supporting decisions in the early stages in a hypothetical geologic CO (sub 2) sequestration project. These decisions pertain to site selection, site characterization, monitoring network evaluation, and health impacts. In all these cases, we consider potential brine/CO (sub 2) leak rates at the base of the aquifer to be uncertain. We show that derived probabilities provide information relevant to the decision at hand. Although the ROMs were developed using site-specific data from two aquifers (the High Plains, and the unconfined, carbonate portion of the Edwards), the models accept aquifer characteristics as variable inputs and so they may have more broad applicability. Of the nine water quality metrics the ROMs can predict (pH, TDS, 4 trace metals, 3 organic compounds) we conclude that pH and TDS predictions are the most transferable to other aquifers. Guidelines are presented for determining the aquifer types for which the ROMs should be applicable. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Bacon, Diana H AU - Keating, Elizabeth H AU - Carroll, Susan A AU - Mansoor, Kayyum AU - Sun, Yunwei AU - Zheng, Liange AU - Harp, Dylan R AU - Dai, Zhenzue AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H51U EP - 01 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1828847099?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Applications+of+reduced+order+models+for+groundwater+impacts+due+to+leaking+brine+or+carbon+dioxide&rft.au=Bacon%2C+Diana+H%3BKeating%2C+Elizabeth+H%3BCarroll%2C+Susan+A%3BMansoor%2C+Kayyum%3BSun%2C+Yunwei%3BZheng%2C+Liange%3BHarp%2C+Dylan+R%3BDai%2C+Zhenzue%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bacon&rft.aufirst=Diana&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Clay mineralogy of an alluvial aquifer in a mountainous, semiarid terrain, an example from Rifle, Colorado AN - 1828846498; 2016-086377 AB - Alluvial sediments deposited along the Colorado River corridor in the semi-arid regions of central to western Colorado can be important hosts for legacy contamination including U, V, As and Se. These alluvial sediments host aquifers which are thought to provide important "hot spots" and "hot moments" for microbiological activity controlling organic carbon processing and fluxes in the subsurface. Relatively little is known about the clay mineralogy of these alluvial aquifers and the parent alluvial sediments in spite of the fact that they commonly include lenses of silt-clay materials. These lenses are typically more reduced than coarser grained materials, but zones of reduced and more oxidized materials are present in these alluvial aquifer sediments. The clay mineralogy of the non-reduced parent alluvial sediments of the alluvial aquifer located in Rifle, CO (USA) is composed of chlorite, smectite, illite, kaolinite and quartz. The clay mineralogy of non-reduced fine-grained materials at Rifle are composed of the same suite of minerals found in the sediments plus a vermiculite-smectite intergrade that occurs near the bottom of the aquifer near the top of the Wasatch Formation. The clay mineral assemblages of the system reflect the mineralogically immature character of the source sediments. These assemblages are consistent with sediments and soils that formed in a moderately low rainfall climate and suggestive of minimal transport of the alluvial sediments from their source areas. Chlorite, smectite, smectite-vermiculite intergrade, and illite are the likely phases involved in the sorption of organic carbon and related microbial redox transformations of metals in these sediments. Both the occurrence and abundance of chlorite, smectite-vermiculite, illite and smectite can therefore exert an important control on the contaminant fluxes and are important determinants of biogeofacies in mountainous, semiarid terrains. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Elliott, W C AU - Lim, D AU - Zaunbrecher, L K AU - Pickering, R A AU - Williams, K H AU - Navarre-Sitchler, Alexis K AU - Long, P E AU - Noel, V AU - Bargar, J AU - Qafoku, Nik P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H31I EP - 1549 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1828846498?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Clay+mineralogy+of+an+alluvial+aquifer+in+a+mountainous%2C+semiarid+terrain%2C+an+example+from+Rifle%2C+Colorado&rft.au=Elliott%2C+W+C%3BLim%2C+D%3BZaunbrecher%2C+L+K%3BPickering%2C+R+A%3BWilliams%2C+K+H%3BNavarre-Sitchler%2C+Alexis+K%3BLong%2C+P+E%3BNoel%2C+V%3BBargar%2C+J%3BQafoku%2C+Nik+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Elliott&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genome-scale metabolic modeling in the simulation of field-scale uranium bioremediation AN - 1828845880; 2016-086386 AB - Coupled variably saturated flow and biogeochemical reactive transport modeling is used to improve understanding of the processes, properties, and conditions controlling uranium bio-immobilization in a field experiment where uranium-contaminated groundwater was amended with acetate and bicarbonate. The acetate stimulates indigenous microorganisms that catalyze metal reduction, including the conversion of aqueous U(VI) to solid-phase U(IV), which effectively removes uranium from solution. The initiation of the bicarbonate amendment prior to biostimulation was designed to promote U(VI) desorption that would increase the aqueous U(VI) available for bioreduction. The three-dimensional simulations were able to largely reproduce the timing and magnitude of the physical, chemical and biological responses to the acetate and bicarbonate amendment in the context of changing water table elevation and gradient. A time series of groundwater proteomic samples exhibited correlations between the most abundant Geobacter metallireducens proteins and the genome-scale metabolic model-predicted fluxes of intra-cellular reactions associated with each of those proteins. The desorption of U(VI) induced by the bicarbonate amendment led to initially higher rates of bioreduction compared to locations with minimal bicarbonate exposure. After bicarbonate amendment ceased, bioreduction continued at these locations whereas U(VI) sorption was the dominant removal mechanism at the bicarbonate-impacted sites. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Yabusaki, S AU - Wilkins, M AU - Fang, Y AU - Williams, K H AU - Waichler, Scott AU - Long, P E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H31I EP - 1558 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1828845880?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Genome-scale+metabolic+modeling+in+the+simulation+of+field-scale+uranium+bioremediation&rft.au=Yabusaki%2C+S%3BWilkins%2C+M%3BFang%2C+Y%3BWilliams%2C+K+H%3BWaichler%2C+Scott%3BLong%2C+P+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Yabusaki&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Investigation of Wyoming bentonite hydration in dry to water-saturated supercritical CH (sub 4) and CH (sub 4) /CO (sub 2) mixtures; implications for CO (sub 2) -enhanced gas production AN - 1824215728; 2016-082721 AB - Injection of CO (sub 2) into low permeability shale formations leads to additional gas recovery and reduces the flux of CO (sub 2) into the atmosphere, thus combining a strong economic incentive with a permanent storage option for CO (sub 2) . Reduced formation transmissivity due to clay swelling is a concern in CO (sub 2) -enhanced gas production. Clay minerals partly determine the physical (i.e. permeability, brittleness) and certain chemical properties (i.e. wetting ability, gas adsorption) of shales, and montmorillonites are of particular interest because they swell by the uptake of species in their interlayer. In this study, the hydration and expansion of Na-, Cs-, and NH (sub 4) (super +) -saturated montmorillonite (Na-, Cs-, and NH (sub 4) -SWy-2) in high-pressure (90 bar) and moderate temperature (50 degrees C) methane, carbon dioxide, and CO (sub 2) /CH (sub 4) mixtures (3 and 25 mole% CO (sub 2) ) were investigated using in situ IR spectroscopic titrations, in situ XRD, in situ MAS-NMR, and ab initio electronic structure calculations. The overarching goal was to better understand the hydration/expansion behavior of Na-SWy-2 in CO (sub 2) /CH (sub 4) fluid mixtures by comparison to Cs-, and NH (sub ) 4 (super +) -saturated clays. Specific aims were to (1) determine if CH (sub 4) intercalates the clays, (2) probe the effects of increasing dissolved CO (sub 2) and H (sub 2) O concentrations, and (3) understand the role of cation solvation by H (sub 2) O and/or CO (sub 2) . In pure CH (sub 4) , no evidence of CH (sub 4) intercalation was detected by IR for any of the clays. Similarly, no measurable changes to the basal spacing were observed by XRD in the presence of pure CH (sub 4) . However, when dry Cs- and NH (sub 4) -SWy-2 were exposed to dry fluids containing CO (sub 2) , IR showed maximum CO (sub 2) penetrated the interlayer, XRD indicated the clays expanded, and NMR showed evidence for cation solvation by CO (sub 2) , in line with theoretical predictions. IR titration of these clays with water showed sorbed H (sub 2) O concentrations decreased with increasing dissolved CO (sub 2) , suggesting competition for interlayer residency by CO (sub 2) and H (sub 2) O. For Na-SWy-2, on the other hand, CO (sub 2) intercalated the clay and was at a maximum only after a minimum sorbed H (sub 2) O was achieved. Further increases in sorbed H (sub 2) O led to displacement of intercalated CO (sub 2) . These findings demonstrate that complicated H (sub 2) O and CO (sub 2) intercalation processes could lead to permeability changes that directly impact methane transmissivity in shales. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Loring, John AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract MR52A EP - 02 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1824215728?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Investigation+of+Wyoming+bentonite+hydration+in+dry+to+water-saturated+supercritical+CH+%28sub+4%29+and+CH+%28sub+4%29+%2FCO+%28sub+2%29+mixtures%3B+implications+for+CO+%28sub+2%29+-enhanced+gas+production&rft.au=Loring%2C+John%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Loring&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multiscale dynamics in micro-porous fractured systems; theory and experiments AN - 1824215561; 2016-082622 AB - Soils and rock systems exhibit surfaces with complex micro-scale topological features. Understanding flow and solute transport over micro-patterned surfaces is essential to improve our predictive understanding of transport in structurally heterogeneous porous media, which provides insight of many environmental processes including CO (sub 2) sequestration and bioremediation. We are interested in seeking the relationship between surface topological structure and its impact on solute transport. We consider a thin fracture embedded in a permeable porous matrix. By means of homogenization technique, we upscale the transport equation and obtain a macro-scale dispersion coefficient which depends on the geometrical characteristic of the matrix, i.e. porous layer permeability and width. This expression generalizes a number of former studies, including the classical form of the Aris-Taylor dispersion coefficient and more recent results based on the assumption of purely diffusive mass transport in the matrix. Based on the upscaled equation, we provide a two-dimensional solution for the concentration profiles both inside the fracture and the matrix. Finally, we show good agreement between our theoretical predictions and the experimental data performed on a series of microfluidic cells with different matrix geometries/permeabilities for a wide range of Peclet numbers. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Ling, Bowen AU - Battiato, I AU - Tartakovsky, Alexandre M AU - Oostrom, Mart AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H51F EP - 1437 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1824215561?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Multiscale+dynamics+in+micro-porous+fractured+systems%3B+theory+and+experiments&rft.au=Ling%2C+Bowen%3BBattiato%2C+I%3BTartakovsky%2C+Alexandre+M%3BOostrom%2C+Mart%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ling&rft.aufirst=Bowen&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simulations of flow mode distributions on rough fracture surfaces using a parallelized Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) model AN - 1824215537; 2016-082533 AB - Under idealized conditions (smooth surfaces, linear relationship between Bond number and Capillary number of droplets) steady-state flow modes on fracture surfaces have been shown to develop from sliding droplets to rivulets and finally (wavy) film flow, depending on the specified flux. In a recent study we demonstrated the effect of surface roughness on droplet flow in unsaturated wide aperture fractures, however, its effect on other prevailing flow modes is still an open question. The objective of this work is to investigate the formation of complex flow modes on fracture surfaces employing an efficient three-dimensional parallelized SPH model. The model is able to simulate highly intermittent, gravity-driven free-surface flows under dynamic wetting conditions. The effect of surface tension is included via efficient pairwise interaction forces. We validate the model using various analytical and semi-analytical relationships for droplet and complex flow dynamics. To investigate the effect of surface roughness on flow dynamics we construct surfaces with a self-affine fractal geometry and roughness characterized by the Hurst exponent. We demonstrate the effect of surface roughness (on macroscopic scales this can be understood as a tortuosity) on the steady-state distribution of flow modes. Furthermore we show the influence of a wide range of natural wetting conditions (defined by static contact angles) on the final distribution of surface coverage, which is of high importance for matrix-fracture interaction processes. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Kordilla, J AU - Shigorina, Elena AU - Tartakovsky, Alexandre M AU - Pan, Wenxiao AU - Geyer, T AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H43L EP - 05 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1824215537?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Simulations+of+flow+mode+distributions+on+rough+fracture+surfaces+using+a+parallelized+Smoothed+Particle+Hydrodynamics+%28SPH%29+model&rft.au=Kordilla%2C+J%3BShigorina%2C+Elena%3BTartakovsky%2C+Alexandre+M%3BPan%2C+Wenxiao%3BGeyer%2C+T%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kordilla&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Numerical study on tide-driven submarine groundwater discharge and seawater recirculation in heterogeneous aquifer AN - 1819897594; 2016-078450 AB - Numerical modeling was performed to quantitatively study the influences of various factors on submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) in a coastal aquifer. Tide and terrestrial hydraulic gradient are the important forces driving fresh and salt water movement in a coastal aquifer. Unlike steady-state flow, dynamic fresh and salt water mixing at near-shore seafloor could form an intertidal mixing zone (IMZ) near the surface. Based on the construction of a general SGD model, the effects of various model components such as boundary conditions, model geometry and hydraulic parameters on SGD were systematically studied. Several important findings were obtained from the study results. (1) Previous studies indicated that a freshwater discharge tube could be formed between classic transition zone and IMZ. However, this phenomenon might become unclear with the increase of heterogeneity and anisotropy of the medium's conductivity field. (2) SGD and IMZ were both more sensitive to the vertical anisotropy ratio of hydraulic conductivity (K (sub x) /K (sub z) ) than to the horizontal anisotropy ratio of hydraulic conductivity (K (sub x) /K (sub y) ). (3) Heterogeneity of effective porosity significant affected SGD and IMZ. (4) Increase of storage coefficient decreased fresh water discharge while increased mixing salt water discharge and total SGD increases. The increase would also change the shape of the IMZ. (5) Variation of dispersivities had little influence on SGD, but would significantly change the distributions of the IMZ and the whole mixing zone. These findings will be helpful to the field study of SGD on sampling design and the application of dynamic SGD model to field sites for model development and calibration. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Li, Xinya AU - Hu, Bill Xiaolong AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H31G EP - 1505 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1819897594?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Numerical+study+on+tide-driven+submarine+groundwater+discharge+and+seawater+recirculation+in+heterogeneous+aquifer&rft.au=Li%2C+Xinya%3BHu%2C+Bill+Xiaolong%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Xinya&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Saharan dust fertilizing Atlantic Ocean and Amazon rainforest via long-range transport and deposition; a perspective from multiyear satellite measurements AN - 1819897480; 2016-078239 AB - Massive dust emitted from Sahara Desert is carried by trade winds across the tropical Atlantic Ocean, reaching the Amazon Rainforest and Caribbean Sea. Airborne dust degrades air quality and interacts with radiation and clouds. Dust falling to land and ocean adds essential nutrients that could increase the productivity of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems and modulate the biogeochemical cycles and climate. The resultant climate change will feed back on the production of dust in Sahara desert and its subsequent transport and deposition. Understanding the connections among the remote ecosystems requires an accurate quantification of dust transport and deposition flux on large spatial and temporal scales, in which satellite remote sensing can play an important role. We provide the first multiyear satellite-based estimates of altitude-resolved across-Atlantic dust transport and deposition based on eight-year (2007-2014) record of aerosol three-dimensional distributions from the CALIPSO lidar. On a basis of the 8-year average, 179 Tg (million tons) of dust leaves the coast of North Africa and is transported across Atlantic Ocean, of which 102, 20, and 28 Tg of dust is deposited into the tropical Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea, and Amazon Rainforest, respectively. The dust deposition adds 4.3 Tg of iron and 0.1 Tg of phosphorus to the tropical Atlantic Ocean and Caribbean Sea where the productivity of marine ecosystem depends on the availability of these nutrients. The 28 Tg of dust provides about 0.022 Tg of phosphorus to Amazon Rainforest yearly that replenishes the leak of this plant-essential nutrient by rains and flooding, suggesting an important role of Saharan dust in maintaining the productivity of Amazon rainforest on timescales of decades or centuries. We will also discuss seasonal and interannual variations of the dust transport and deposition, and comparisons of the CALIOP-based estimates with model simulations. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Yu, Hongbin AU - Chin, Mian AU - Yuan, Tianle AU - Bian, Huisheng AU - Remer, Lorraine A AU - Prospero, Joseph M AU - Omar, Ali H AU - Winker, David M AU - Yang, Yuekui AU - Zhang, Yan AU - Zhang, Zhibo AU - Zhao, Chun AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract EP42A EP - 05 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1819897480?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Saharan+dust+fertilizing+Atlantic+Ocean+and+Amazon+rainforest+via+long-range+transport+and+deposition%3B+a+perspective+from+multiyear+satellite+measurements&rft.au=Yu%2C+Hongbin%3BChin%2C+Mian%3BYuan%2C+Tianle%3BBian%2C+Huisheng%3BRemer%2C+Lorraine+A%3BProspero%2C+Joseph+M%3BOmar%2C+Ali+H%3BWinker%2C+David+M%3BYang%2C+Yuekui%3BZhang%2C+Yan%3BZhang%2C+Zhibo%3BZhao%2C+Chun%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Yu&rft.aufirst=Hongbin&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experimental and numerical study of pore-scale multi-phase flow dynamics AN - 1815673025; 2016-075772 AB - Understanding multiphase fluid flow is critical for many applications, including CO2 sequestration, bioremediation, and oil recovery. Micro-fluidic experiments and pore-scale simulations become important tools in studying multiphase flow in porous media. At the same time, many pore-scale numerical models lack rigorous validation and verification, and micro-fluidic experiments are hard to reproduce due to physical instabilities and challenges in precisely controlling the experiments. We performed a set of microcell experiments and determined conditions necessary to obtain reproducible pore-scale evolution of the fluid-fluid interfaces during both infiltration and drainage phases. Next, we modeled the experiments using Finite Volume and Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics codes. The point-by-point comparison of the experimental results and numerical simulations revealed advantages and disadvantages of these two methods in capturing the overall behavior and pore-scale phenomena, including residual saturations, formation of thin films, fluid bridges and various fluid trapping mechanisms. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Tartakovsky, Alexandre M AU - Ling, Bowen AU - Oostrom, Mart AU - Bao, Jie AU - Kim, Kyungjoo AU - Trask, Nathaniel AU - Battiato, Ilenia AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H23D EP - 1605 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1815673025?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Experimental+and+numerical+study+of+pore-scale+multi-phase+flow+dynamics&rft.au=Tartakovsky%2C+Alexandre+M%3BLing%2C+Bowen%3BOostrom%2C+Mart%3BBao%2C+Jie%3BKim%2C+Kyungjoo%3BTrask%2C+Nathaniel%3BBattiato%2C+Ilenia%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Tartakovsky&rft.aufirst=Alexandre&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-01 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Two-level numerical and analytical homogenization of reactive transport in bi-disperse chemically heterogeneous porous media AN - 1815672419; 2016-075792 AB - Natural porous media are generally polidisperse and chemically heterogeneous, i.e. they exhibit a distribution of grain sizes and chemical reaction rates. The upscaling of systems exhibiting physical and chemical heterogeneity at the pore-scale poses challenges as classical upscaling approaches, e.g. homogenization, rely on idealized porous media with one single characteristic grain size: this treatment allows one to define a relatively small REV on which averaging is performed and a closure problem numerically solved. In presence of a distribution of grain size, one alternative is to increase the REV size and to perform a one-step upscaling. However, this comes to the detriment of numerical efficiency. To contain computational burden, we instead advocate a two-step sequential upscaling. In particular, we consider a porous medium where larger grains are embedded within a micro-porous matrix. By means of two-level homogenization, we determine the macroscale Advection-Reaction-Dispersion equation (ADRE) and identify the applicability regimes of the final upscaled model for reactive transport through two-dimensional bi-disperse chemically heterogeneous porous media with reactive grains. The final applicability diagram depends on the Peclet number, two Damkohler numbers and the ratio of spatial scales. Finally, we show the computational saving of the proposed approach relative to classical single-step homogenization and perform extensive numerical simulations to validate our theoretical results. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Korneev, Svyatoslav AU - Battiato, Ilenia AU - Tartakovsky, Alexandre M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H23F EP - 1639 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1815672419?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Two-level+numerical+and+analytical+homogenization+of+reactive+transport+in+bi-disperse+chemically+heterogeneous+porous+media&rft.au=Korneev%2C+Svyatoslav%3BBattiato%2C+Ilenia%3BTartakovsky%2C+Alexandre+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Korneev&rft.aufirst=Svyatoslav&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-01 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hybrid multiscale simulation of hydrologic and biogeochemical processes in the river-groundwater interaction zone AN - 1815672235; 2016-075797 AB - The zone in which river water and groundwater mix plays an important role in natural ecosystems as it regulates the mixing of nutrients that control biogeochemical transformations. Subsurface heterogeneity leads to local hotspots of microbial activity that are important to system function yet difficult to resolve computationally. To address this challenge, we are testing a hybrid multiscale approach that couples models at two distinct scales, based on field research at the U. S. Department of Energy's Hanford Site. The region of interest is a 400 x 400X20 m macroscale domain that intersects the aquifer and the river and contains a contaminant plume. However, biogeochemical activity is high in a thin zone (mud layer, <1 m thick) immediately adjacent to the river. This microscale domain is highly heterogeneous and requires fine spatial resolution to adequately represent the effects of local mixing on reactions. It is not computationally feasible to resolve the full macroscale domain at the fine resolution needed in the mud layer, and the reaction network needed in the mud layer is much more complex than that needed in the rest of the macroscale domain. Hence, a hybrid multiscale approach is used to efficiently and accurately predict flow and reactive transport at both scales. In our simulations, models at both scales are simulated using the PFLOTRAN code. Multiple microscale simulations in dynamically defined sub-domains (fine resolution, complex reaction network) are executed and coupled with a macroscale simulation over the entire domain (coarse resolution, simpler reaction network). The objectives of the research include: 1) comparing accuracy and computing cost of the hybrid multiscale simulation with a single-scale simulation; 2) identifying hot spots of microbial activity; and 3) defining macroscopic quantities such as fluxes, residence times and effective reaction rates. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Yang, Xiaofan AU - Scheibe, Timothy D AU - Chen, Xingyuan AU - Hammond, Glenn E AU - Song, Xuehang AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H23F EP - 1646 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1815672235?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Hybrid+multiscale+simulation+of+hydrologic+and+biogeochemical+processes+in+the+river-groundwater+interaction+zone&rft.au=Yang%2C+Xiaofan%3BScheibe%2C+Timothy+D%3BChen%2C+Xingyuan%3BHammond%2C+Glenn+E%3BSong%2C+Xuehang%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=Xiaofan&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-01 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hybrid multiscale finite volume method for advection-diffusion equations subject to heterogeneous reactive boundary conditions AN - 1815672230; 2016-075793 AB - We present a hybrid scheme for the coupling of macro and microscale advection-dispersion continuum models for reactive contaminant transport in fractured and porous media. The Multiscale Finite Volume method (MsFV) is employed to approximate the microscale concentration field defined in terms of macroscopic or global degrees of freedom, together with local interpolator and corrector functions capturing microscopic spatial variability. The macroscopic mass balance relations for the MsFV global degrees of freedom are coupled with the macroscopic model, resulting in a global problem for the simultaneous time-stepping of all macroscopic degrees of freedom throughout the domain. We employ a hybrid time-stepping scheme stemming from the local-global decomposition, for which the global time-stepping problem is solved using a larger time-step than the local interpolator and corrector problems.The hybrid coupling is formulated by applying both micro and macroscale models over overlapping subdomains of the simulation domain, with the overlap denoted as the handshake subdomain Omega hs, over which continuity of concentration and transport fluxes between models is enforced. Continuity of concentration is enforced by posing a restriction relation between models over Omega hs. Continuity of fluxes is enforced by prolongating the macroscopic model fluxes across the boundary (partial differential) Omega hs to microscopic resolution. We illustrate the proposed hybrid MsFV scheme by solving a contaminant transport problem in fractured media with highly localized homogeneous and heterogeneous reactions. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Barajas-Solano, David A AU - Tartakovsky, Alexandre M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H23F EP - 1640 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1815672230?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Hybrid+multiscale+finite+volume+method+for+advection-diffusion+equations+subject+to+heterogeneous+reactive+boundary+conditions&rft.au=Barajas-Solano%2C+David+A%3BTartakovsky%2C+Alexandre+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Barajas-Solano&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-01 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Purification and detection of (super 39) Ar in groundwater samples via low-level counting AN - 1807509595; 2016-066736 AB - Argon-39 can be used as a radiotracer to age-date groundwater aquifers to study recharge rates and to better understand the mean residence time, or age distributions, of groundwater. Argon-39 (with a half-life of 269 years) is created in the atmosphere by cosmic rays interacting with argon in the air (primarily (super 40) Ar). The use of (super 39) Ar as a radiotracer fills a gap in the age dating range which is currently covered by (super 3) H/ (super 3) He or (super 85) Kr (1000 years); (super 39) Ar fills the intermediate time scale range from 50-1000 years where the previously established radiotracers are not adequate. We will introduce the process for purifying and detecting (super 39) Ar in ground water using ultra-low-background proportional counters (ULBPCs) at the shallow underground laboratory at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. Argon-39 is detected through direct beta counting using ULBPCs loaded with a mixture of geologic argon (extracted from a carbon dioxide well with no measureable (super 39) Ar activity) and methane, which enhances the sensitivity for (super 39) Ar measurements. The ULBPCs have been shown to have a background count rate of 148 counts per day (cpd) in the energy range 3-400 keV when filled with 10 atm of P-10 counting gas (90% geologic Ar, 10% CH (sub 4) ). Initial demonstration samples were collected from groundwater aquifers in Fresno, California supported by the United States Geological Survey (USGS). A discussion of the sampling technique to degas the water from these wells and to then purify it for counting will be presented. In order to quantify the (super 39) Ar contribution in the groundwater samples, the ULBPCs were characterized to determine two components: 1) the detector efficiency to modern levels of (super 39) Ar, and 2) the remaining detector background (using geologic sourced argon which is free from (super 39) Ar - no measureable (super 39) Ar activity). These characterization results will be presented along with a discussion of the quantification of the (super 39) Ar age of the demonstration measurements. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Mace, Emily K AU - Aalseth, Craig AU - Brandenberger, Jill M AU - Humble, Paul AU - Panisko, Mark AU - Seifert, Allen AU - Williams, Richard M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B51A EP - 0412 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807509595?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Purification+and+detection+of+%28super+39%29+Ar+in+groundwater+samples+via+low-level+counting&rft.au=Mace%2C+Emily+K%3BAalseth%2C+Craig%3BBrandenberger%2C+Jill+M%3BHumble%2C+Paul%3BPanisko%2C+Mark%3BSeifert%2C+Allen%3BWilliams%2C+Richard+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Mace&rft.aufirst=Emily&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Remineralization vs reductive dissolution pathway of phosphorus cycling; a case study in the Chesapeake Bay AN - 1807509522; 2016-066754 AB - Coastal hypoxia have spread exponentially worldwide due to increased anthropogenic loading of nutrients in coastal waters. Hypoxia exerts an influence on the stability of minerals and organic debris, direction of nutrient flux at the sediment-water interface, and the extent of benthic-pelagic coupling. This study aimed to address fundamental questions related to sediment phosphorus (P) dynamics in response to transient bottom water hypoxia particularly on P effluxes at the sediment-water interface and P burial (as authigenic/vivianite P) under two pathways: remineralization of organic P (coupled C-P pathway) and reductive dissolution of ferric Fe-bound P (coupled Fe-P pathway). Authigenic phosphate isotope data suggest that the regeneration of inorganic P in the sediment from organic matter degradation (remineralization) is the predominant, if not sole, pathway for authigenic P precipitation in the sediments. Interestingly, ferric Fe-bound phosphate oxygen isotopes are heavier than equilibrium. This means that the ferric Fe-bound P pool in these sediments is largely composed of particulate P from terrestrial sources composed primarily of Fe phyllosilicates plus potentially vivianite that are largely resistant against dissolution in the anoxic sediment column. These results collectively support the predominance of coupled C-P pathway of P cycling, rather than Fe-P coupling, in hypoxic environment in the Chesapeake Bay. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Jaisi, D P AU - Joshi, S AU - Kukkadapu, R K AU - Burdige, D AU - Sparks, D L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B51E EP - 0476 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807509522?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Remineralization+vs+reductive+dissolution+pathway+of+phosphorus+cycling%3B+a+case+study+in+the+Chesapeake+Bay&rft.au=Jaisi%2C+D+P%3BJoshi%2C+S%3BKukkadapu%2C+R+K%3BBurdige%2C+D%3BSparks%2C+D+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Jaisi&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Benchmark study of 3D pore-scale flow and solute transport simulation methods AN - 1807509502; 2016-066695 AB - Multiple numerical approaches have been developed to simulate porous media fluid flow and solute transport at the pore scale. These include 1) methods that explicitly model the three-dimensional geometry of pore spaces and 2) methods that conceptualize the pore space as a topologically consistent set of stylized pore bodies and pore throats. In previous work we validated a model of the first type, using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) codes employing standard finite volume method (FVM), against magnetic resonance velocimetry (MRV) measurements of pore-scale velocities. Here we expand that benchmark study to include additional models of the first type based on the immersed-boundary method (IMB), lattice Boltzmann method (LBM), and smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH), as well as a model of the second type, a pore-network model (PNM). While the PNM approach is computationally much less demanding than direct numerical simulation methods, the effect of conceptualizing complex three-dimensional pore geometries in the manner of PNMs has not been fully determined. We apply all five approaches (FVM-based CFD, IMB, LBM, SPH and PNM) to simulate pore-scale velocity distributions and nonreactive solute transport, and intercompare the model results. Comparisons are drawn both in terms of macroscopic variables (e.g., permeability, solute breakthrough curves) and microscopic variables (e.g., local velocities and concentrations). Generally good agreement was achieved among the various approaches, but some differences were observed depending on the model context. The benchmark study was challenging because of variable capabilities of the codes, and inspired some code enhancements to allow consistent comparison of flow and transport simulations across the full suite of methods. This study provides support for confidence in a variety of pore-scale modeling methods, and motivates further development and application of pore-scale simulation methods. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Scheibe, T D AU - Yang, X AU - Mehmani, Y AU - Perkins, William A AU - Pasquali, A AU - Schoenherr, M AU - Kim, K AU - Perego, M AU - Parks, M L AU - Trask, Nathaniel AU - Balhoff, M AU - Richmond, M C AU - Geier, M AU - Krafczyk, M AU - Luo, L S AU - Tartakovsky, A M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B43B EP - 0545 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807509502?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Benchmark+study+of+3D+pore-scale+flow+and+solute+transport+simulation+methods&rft.au=Scheibe%2C+T+D%3BYang%2C+X%3BMehmani%2C+Y%3BPerkins%2C+William+A%3BPasquali%2C+A%3BSchoenherr%2C+M%3BKim%2C+K%3BPerego%2C+M%3BParks%2C+M+L%3BTrask%2C+Nathaniel%3BBalhoff%2C+M%3BRichmond%2C+M+C%3BGeier%2C+M%3BKrafczyk%2C+M%3BLuo%2C+L+S%3BTartakovsky%2C+A+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Scheibe&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reactivity of organic complexes at mineral-CO (sub 2) -H (sub 2) O interfaces AN - 1807509256; 2016-064403 AB - Understanding the interactions between minerals and organics in H (sub 2) O-CO (sub 2) fluids is important, as they are the two most abundant volatiles in the crust. CO (sub 2) -rich fluids in natural and anthropogenic environments, such as metamorphic aureoles and carbon storage reservoirs, respectively, produce a complex geochemical setting in which CO (sub 2) -rich fluids containing dissolved water and organic compounds interact with rocks and minerals. We have undertaken experimental and theoretical studies to evaluate how organics impact carbonate mineralization and to determine the partitioning behavior of organic complexes between CO (sub 2) , H (sub 2) O, and mineral interfaces. The first groups of experiments have clarified how the type and concentration of simple organic ligands impact the degree and type of carbonation in interfacial water films. In these experiments, salts of simple organic ligands were equilibrated with wet supercritical CO (sub 2) , which was reacted with the model mineral forsterite (Mg (sub 2) SiO (sub 4) ). The forsterite dissolution and coupled carbonate precipitation reactions were followed with time-resolved pressurized X-ray diffraction (XRD) at 50 degrees C and 90 bar. The extent of carbonation and the relative abundance of anhydrous magnesite (MgCO (sub 3) ) precipitated relative to hydrated nesquehonite (MgCO (sub 3) .3H (sub 2) O) was impacted by the type of organic ligand. Magnesite enhancement was observed with the trend of citrate>oxalate nearly equal malonate>acetate>organic-free control. This indicates that the organic ligands complexed Mg (super 2+) in the interfacial water film environment and helped alleviate kinetic barriers to magnesite formation. Additional XRD experiments with varying concentrations of citrate verified the dependence of magnesite enhancement and the degree of overall carbonation on the amount of organic present in the water film. Lastly, our ongoing work concerning the partitioning of organic and metal-organic complexes between CO (sub 2) , H (sub 2) O, and interfacial water films will be presented. This experimental work, which includes in situ spectroscopic measurements, has been coupled with atomistic simulations to clarify the energy barriers and reaction mechanism. The implications for cycling of C-O-H-metal compounds (e.g. H (sub 2) O, carbonates, metal-organics, and CO (sub 2) ) in a broad range of subsurface environments will be discussed. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Miller, Q R AU - Schaef, T AU - Kaszuba, J P AU - Qiu, L AU - Bowden, M E AU - McGrail, B P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B33D EP - 0730 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807509256?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Reactivity+of+organic+complexes+at+mineral-CO+%28sub+2%29+-H+%28sub+2%29+O+interfaces&rft.au=Miller%2C+Q+R%3BSchaef%2C+T%3BKaszuba%2C+J+P%3BQiu%2C+L%3BBowden%2C+M+E%3BMcGrail%2C+B+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Q&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Unlocking the physiochemical controls on organic carbon dynamics from the soil pore- to core-scale AN - 1807509161; 2016-066730 AB - The physical organization of soil includes pore networks of varying size and connectivity. These networks control microbial access to soil organic carbon (C) by spatially separating microorganisms and C by both distance and size exclusion. The extent to which this spatially isolated C is vulnerable to microbial transformation under hydrologically dynamic conditions is unknown, and limits our ability to predict the source and sink capacity of soils. We investigated the effects of shifting hydrologic connectivity and soil structure on greenhouse gas C emissions from surface soils collected from the Disney Wilderness Preserve (Florida, USA). We subjected intact soil cores and re-packed homogenized soil cores to simulated groundwater rise or precipitation, monitoring their CO (sub 2) and CH (sub 4) emissions over 24 hours. Soil pore water was then extracted from each core using different suctions to sample water retained by pore throats of different sizes and then characterized by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) mass spectrometry. Greater respiration rates were observed from homogenized cores compared to intact cores, and from soils wet from below, in which the wetting front is driven by capillary forces, filling fine pores first. This suggests that C located in fine pores may turn over via diffusion processes that lead to the colocation of this C with other resources and microorganisms. Both the complexity and concentration of soluble-C increased with decreasing pore size domains. Pore water extracted from homogenized cores had greater C concentrations than from intact cores, with the greatest concentrations in pore waters sampled from very fine pores, highlighting the importance of soil structure in physically protecting C. These results suggest that the spatial separation of decomposers from C is a key mechanism stabilizing C in these soils. Further research is ongoing to accurately represent this protection mechanism, and the conditions under which it breaks down, in new and improved Earth system models. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Smith, A Peyton AU - Tfaily, M M AU - Bond-Lamberty, B P AU - Todd-Brown, Katherine E AU - Bailey, Vanessa L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B44C EP - 04 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807509161?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Unlocking+the+physiochemical+controls+on+organic+carbon+dynamics+from+the+soil+pore-+to+core-scale&rft.au=Smith%2C+A+Peyton%3BTfaily%2C+M+M%3BBond-Lamberty%2C+B+P%3BTodd-Brown%2C+Katherine+E%3BBailey%2C+Vanessa+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Uranium plume persistence impacted by hydrologic and geochemical heterogeneity in the groundwater and river water interaction zone of Hanford site AN - 1807509150; 2016-066750 AB - The behavior of a persistent uranium plume in an extended groundwater- river water (GW-SW) interaction zone at the DOE Hanford site is dominantly controlled by river stage fluctuations in the adjacent Columbia River. The plume behavior is further complicated by substantial heterogeneity in physical and geochemical properties of the host aquifer sediments. Multi-scale field and laboratory experiments and reactive transport modeling were integrated to understand the complex plume behavior influenced by highly variable hydrologic and geochemical conditions in time and space. In this presentation we (1) describe multiple data sets from field-scale uranium adsorption and desorption experiments performed at our experimental well-field, (2) develop a reactive transport model that incorporates hydrologic and geochemical heterogeneities characterized from multi-scale and multi-type datasets and a surface complexation reaction network based on laboratory studies, and (3) compare the modeling and observation results to provide insights on how to refine the conceptual model and reduce prediction uncertainties. The experimental results revealed significant spatial variability in uranium adsorption/desorption behavior, while modeling demonstrated that ambient hydrologic and geochemical conditions and heterogeneities in sediment physical and chemical properties both contributed to complex plume behavior and its persistence. Our analysis provides important insights into the characterization, understanding, modeling, and remediation of groundwater contaminant plumes influenced by surface water and groundwater interactions. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Chen, X AU - Zachara, J M AU - Vermeul, V R AU - Freshley, M AU - Hammond, G E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B51C EP - 0441 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807509150?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Uranium+plume+persistence+impacted+by+hydrologic+and+geochemical+heterogeneity+in+the+groundwater+and+river+water+interaction+zone+of+Hanford+site&rft.au=Chen%2C+X%3BZachara%2C+J+M%3BVermeul%2C+V+R%3BFreshley%2C+M%3BHammond%2C+G+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=X&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Improved sample preparation and counting techniques for enhanced tritium measurement sensitivity AN - 1807509015; 2016-066737 AB - Tritium (T) measurements offer insight to a wealth of environmental applications including hydrologic tracking, discerning ocean circulation patterns, and aging ice formations. However, the relatively short half-life of T (12.3 years) limits its effective age dating range. Compounding this limitation is the decrease in atmospheric T content by over two orders of magnitude (from 1000-2000 TU in 1962 to < 10 TU currently) since the cessation of above ground nuclear testing in the 1960's. We are developing sample preparation methods coupled to direct counting of T via ultra-low background proportional counters which, when combined, offer improved T measurement sensitivity ( nearly equal 4.5 mmoles of H (sub 2) equivalent) and will help expand the application of T age dating to smaller sample sizes linked to persistent environmental questions despite the limitations above. For instance, this approach can be used to T date nearly equal 2.2 mmoles of CH (sub 4) collected from sample-limited systems including microbial communities, soils, or subsurface aquifers and can be combined with radiocarbon dating to distinguish the methane's formation age from C age in a system. This approach can also expand investigations into soil organic C where the improved sensitivity will permit resolution of soil C into more descriptive fractions and provide direct assessments of the stability of specific classes of organic matter in soils environments. We are employing a multiple step sample preparation system whereby organic samples are first combusted with resulting CO (sub 2) and H (sub 2) O being used as a feedstock to synthesize CH (sub 4) . This CH (sub 4) is mixed with Ar and loaded directly into an ultra-low background proportional counter for measurement of T beta decay in a shallow underground laboratory. Analysis of water samples requires only the addition of geologic CO (sub 2) feedstock with the sample for methane synthesis. The chemical nature of the preparation techniques enable high sample throughput with only the final measurement requiring T decay with total sample analysis time ranging from 2-5 weeks depending on T content. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Moran, James AU - Aalseth, Craig AU - Bailey, Vanessa L AU - Mace, Emily K AU - Overman, Cory AU - Seifert, Allen AU - Wilcox Freeburg, Eric D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B51A EP - 0413 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807509015?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Improved+sample+preparation+and+counting+techniques+for+enhanced+tritium+measurement+sensitivity&rft.au=Moran%2C+James%3BAalseth%2C+Craig%3BBailey%2C+Vanessa+L%3BMace%2C+Emily+K%3BOverman%2C+Cory%3BSeifert%2C+Allen%3BWilcox+Freeburg%2C+Eric+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Moran&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - What can molecular dynamics simulations reveal about the stability of proteinaceous soil organic matter on mineral surfaces? AN - 1807509003; 2016-066666 AB - With the increased attention on climate change and the role of increasing atmospheric CO (sub 2) levels in global warming, the need for an accurate depiction of the carbon cycling processes involved in the Earth's three major carbon pools, i.e., atmosphere, terrestrial systems, and oceans has never been greater. Within the terrestrial system, soil organic matter (SOM) represents an important carbon sub-pool. Complexation of SOM with mineral interfaces and particles is believed to protect SOM from possible biotic and abiotic transformation and mineralization to carbon dioxide. However, obtaining a molecular scale picture of the interactions of the various types of SOM with a variety of soil minerals is a challenging endeavor, especially for experimental techniques. Molecular scale simulations techniques can be applied to study the atomistic, molecular, and nanoscale aspects of SOM-mineral associations, and, therefore, and aid in filling current knowledge gaps in the potential fate and stability of SOM in soil systems. Here, we will discuss our recent results from large-scale molecular dynamics simulation of protein, GB1, and its interaction with clay and oxide/hydroxide minerals (i.e., kaolinite, Na+-MMT, Ca (super 2+) -MMT, goethite, and birnessite) including a comparison of structural changes of the protein by, protein orientation with respect to, degree of protein binding to, and mobility on the mineral surfaces. Our molecular simulations indicate that these mineral surfaces, with the exception of birnessite, potentially preserve the physical properties of the GB1 protein. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Andersen, A AU - Reardon, Patrick N AU - Chacon, S S AU - Qafoku, N P AU - Washton, N AU - Kleber, Markus AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B41F EP - 0499 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807509003?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=What+can+molecular+dynamics+simulations+reveal+about+the+stability+of+proteinaceous+soil+organic+matter+on+mineral+surfaces%3F&rft.au=Andersen%2C+A%3BReardon%2C+Patrick+N%3BChacon%2C+S+S%3BQafoku%2C+N+P%3BWashton%2C+N%3BKleber%2C+Markus%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Andersen&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of groundwater and river water interactions in modulating land surface and subsurface states and fluxes; a local-scale case study along the Columbia River shoreline AN - 1807508935; 2016-064422 AB - Lateral flow and transport between groundwater and river water through the subsurface interaction zone (SIZ) is a major pathway for energy, water, solute, and gas transfer between terrestrial and aquatic systems. Groundwater - surface water exchange is significant at multiple scales, but is not adequately resolved in Earth System Models (ESMs). In this study, an integrated land surface and subsurface model enhanced with hydrologic exchange was assembled within the land component of an ESM (i.e., the Community Land Model (CLM) coupled with PFLOTRAN) to investigate how land surface and subsurface states and fluxes are influenced by the lateral flow and mixing of waters within the SIZ. The new model was applied to a domain including 400 m of the Columbia River shoreline where subsurface properties and processes have been well-characterized through sediment characterization, pump tests, tracer experiments, and field monitoring of river water intrusion events driven by river stage changes. Simulations of CLM-PFLOTRAN at multiple spatial resolutions were conducted using observed meteorological and river stage data under different climate and hydrologic conditions. The coupled model revealed the importance of interaction zone processes in regulating temporal and spatial variability in land surface and subsurface hydrological fluxes and state variables, indicating strong nonlinear coupling between hydrologic and biogeochemical processes in riparian zones. The simulations are validated against field measurements collected at the site. Our results provide a foundation for better understanding the spatial and temporal dynamics of biogeochemical cycling and biogenic gas generation in the SIZ, and their regulation by the changing water cycle and climate. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Huang, M AU - Bisht, G AU - Chen, X AU - Hammond, G E AU - Zachara, J M AU - Riley, W J AU - Downs, J AU - Liu, Y AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B41A EP - 0409 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807508935?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=The+role+of+groundwater+and+river+water+interactions+in+modulating+land+surface+and+subsurface+states+and+fluxes%3B+a+local-scale+case+study+along+the+Columbia+River+shoreline&rft.au=Huang%2C+M%3BBisht%2C+G%3BChen%2C+X%3BHammond%2C+G+E%3BZachara%2C+J+M%3BRiley%2C+W+J%3BDowns%2C+J%3BLiu%2C+Y%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Huang&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multi-analytic based determination of substrate fate from in situ stable isotope labeled exposures of natural microbial mats AN - 1807508917; 2016-064391 AB - Microbial communities play impactful roles in almost every aspect of our society including the environment, climate, agriculture and human health, expanding the functional capacity of life on earth. The recent emergence of a suite of omics driven technologies offers powerful tools for investigating functionality of this community. However, these tools provide only a static snapshot of the community in space and time. The temporal nature of stable isotope probing (SIP) experiments expands the depth at which microbial communities can be investigated and understood. While selectively targeting only metabolically active organisms in a community, the labeled substrate can be tracked spatially, temporally and phylo-genetically and linked to active functions, organism interactions and exchanges. Single SIP technologies are limited in their ability to describe the biological system as a whole. However, integration of multiple SIP based analytics offers a more comprehensive description of substrate fate. The phototroph based microbial mat community resident in Hot Lake, a hypersaline lake located in Washington State, offers a tractable system for testing the multi analytic approach. We exposed the mat to three different (super 13) C-labeled substrates (HCO (sub 3) (super -) , glucose and acetate) in situ at midday, and subsequently analyzed the mat 24 hours after incubation. The approach revealed different metabolic fates and organism specific uptake. When compared to acetate, glucose and HCO (sub 3) (super -) showed a greater incorporation into extracellular material, while acetate had a greater conversion to intracellular fatty acids, suggesting that HCO (sub 3) (super -) and glucose could be more readily shared as a community currency than acetate. All substrates were converted to amino acids and proteins, but while glucose and HCO (sub 3) (super -) demonstrated considerable incorporation into heterotrophic proteins, the conversion of acetate to these proteins was minimal, potentially implying that acetate derived intermediates are not a currency of metabolic exchange in the community. Functional analyses revealed the predominance of synthesis of photosynthetic proteins in the HCO (sub 3) (super -) incubations and transporters in the glucose and acetate incubations potentially indicating the repression of photosynthetic activity in the presence of an alternative carbon source. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Lipton, Mary Suzanne AU - Cory, Alexandra AU - Riha, K M AU - Huang, Eric L AU - Boaro, Amy A AU - Metz, Thomas O AU - Gritsenko, Marina A AU - Mobberley, Jennifer M AU - Nelson, William AU - Kim, Young-Mo AU - Moran, James AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B33B EP - 0663 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807508917?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Multi-analytic+based+determination+of+substrate+fate+from+in+situ+stable+isotope+labeled+exposures+of+natural+microbial+mats&rft.au=Lipton%2C+Mary+Suzanne%3BCory%2C+Alexandra%3BRiha%2C+K+M%3BHuang%2C+Eric+L%3BBoaro%2C+Amy+A%3BMetz%2C+Thomas+O%3BGritsenko%2C+Marina+A%3BMobberley%2C+Jennifer+M%3BNelson%2C+William%3BKim%2C+Young-Mo%3BMoran%2C+James%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lipton&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Abiogenic and microbial controls on volatile fatty acids in Precambrian crustal fracture waters AN - 1807508659; 2016-064381 AB - Saline fracture waters within the Precambrian Shield rocks of Canada and South Africa have been sequestered underground over geologic timescales up to 1.1-1.8 Ga [1, 2]. These fluids are rich in H (sub 2) derived from radiolysis and hydration of mafic and ultramafic rocks [1, 2, 3] and host a low-biomass, low-diversity microbial ecosystem at some sites [2]. The abiogenic or biogenic nature of geochemical processes has important implications for bioavailable carbon sources and the role played by abiotic organic synthesis in sustaining a chemosynthetic deep biosphere. Volatile fatty acids (VFAs) are simple carboxylic acids that may support microbial communities in such environments, such as those found in terrestrial [4] and deep-sea [5] hot springs. We present abundance and delta (super 13) C analysis for VFAs in a spectrum of Canadian Shield fluids characterized by varying dissolved H (sub 2) , CH (sub 4) , and C (sub 2+) n-alkane compositions. Isotope mass balance indicates that microbially mediated fermentation of carbon-rich graphitic sulfides may produce the elevated levels of acetate (39-273 mu M) found in Birchtree and Thompson mine. In contrast, thermodynamic considerations and isotopic signatures of the notably higher acetate (1.2-1.9 mM), as well as formate and propionate abundances (371-816 mu M and 20-38 mu M, respectively) found at Kidd Creek mine suggest a role for abiogenic production via reduction of dissolved inorganic carbon with H (sub 2) for formate, and oxidation of C (sub 2+) n-alkanes for acetate and propionate, along with possible microbial cycling. VFAs comprise the bulk of dissolved and total organic carbon in the mines surveyed, and as such represent a potential key substrate for life. [1] Holland et al. (2013) Nature 497: 367-360. [2] Lin et al. (2006) Science 314: 479-482. [3] Sherwood Lollar et al. (2014) Nature 516: 379-382. [4] Windman et al. (2007) Astrobiology 7(6): 873-890. [5] Lang et al. (2010) Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 92: 82-99. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - McDermott, J M AU - Heuer, V AU - Tille, S AU - Moran, James AU - Slater, G AU - Sutcliffe, C N AU - Glein, C R AU - Hinrichs, Kai-Uwe AU - Sherwood Lollar, B AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B33B EP - 0646 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807508659?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Abiogenic+and+microbial+controls+on+volatile+fatty+acids+in+Precambrian+crustal+fracture+waters&rft.au=McDermott%2C+J+M%3BHeuer%2C+V%3BTille%2C+S%3BMoran%2C+James%3BSlater%2C+G%3BSutcliffe%2C+C+N%3BGlein%2C+C+R%3BHinrichs%2C+Kai-Uwe%3BSherwood+Lollar%2C+B%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=McDermott&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Birnessite mediated abiotic protein fragmentation may supply oligopeptides to soil biota AN - 1807508570; 2016-066664 AB - The ability of plants and microorganisms to take up organic nitrogen in the form of free amino acids and oligopeptides has received increasing attention over the last two decades, yet the mechanisms for the formation of such compounds in soil environments remain poorly understood. We used Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopies to distinguish the reaction of a model protein with a redox active mineral surface (Birnessite, MnO (sub 2) ) from its response to a common phyllosilicate (Kaolinite). Our data demonstrate that birnessite fragments the model protein while kaolinite does not. The reaction of birnessite with protein produced soluble peptides that were released from the birnessite surface where they would be available to soil biota. Soluble Mn(II) production during fragmentation of the protein by birnessite was measured by EPR spectrscopy. NMR and EPR spectroscopies are shown to be valuable tools to observe these reactions and capture the extent of protein transformation together with the extent of mineral response. Our data reveal an abiotic pathway for the formation of organic nitrogen compounds for direct uptake by plants and microorganisms as well as lay the foundation to identify soil environments with a particular propensity to act in this way. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Reardon, Patrick N AU - Chacon, S S AU - Walter, Eric D AU - Washton, Nancy AU - Kleber, Markus AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B41F EP - 0497 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807508570?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Birnessite+mediated+abiotic+protein+fragmentation+may+supply+oligopeptides+to+soil+biota&rft.au=Reardon%2C+Patrick+N%3BChacon%2C+S+S%3BWalter%2C+Eric+D%3BWashton%2C+Nancy%3BKleber%2C+Markus%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Reardon&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exploring soil organic matter-mineral interactions; mechanistic insights at the nanometer and molecular length scales AN - 1807508498; 2016-066732 AB - With elevated levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere due to anthropogenic emissions and disruption to the carbon cycle, the effects of climate change are being accelerated. Approximately 80% of Earth's terrestrial organic carbon is stored in soil, and the residence time of this carbon can range from hours to millenia. Understanding the dynamics of this carbon pool in the carbon cycle is crucial to both predicting climate and sustaining ecosystem services. Soil organic carbon is known to be strongly associated with high surface area clay minerals. The nature of these interactions is not well understood primarily due to the heterogeneity of soil, as much of the current knowledge relies on experiments that take a top-down approach using bulk experimental measurements. Our work seeks to probe physical, chemical, and molecular-level interactions at the organic-mineral interface using a bottom-up approach that establishes a model system where complexity can be built in systematically. By performing in situ techniques such as dynamic force spectroscopy, a technique where organic molecules can be brought into contact with mineral surfaces in a controlled manner using an atomic force microscope, we demonstrate the ability to mechanistically probe the energy landscape of individual organic molecules with mineral surfaces. We demonstrate the ability to measure the binding energies of soil-inspired organic functional groups (including carboxylic acid, amine, methyl, and phosphate) with clay and mineral surfaces as a function of solution chemistry. This effort can provide researchers with both guiding principles about carbon dynamics at the sub-nanometer length scale and insights into early aggregation events, where organic-mineral interactions play a significant role. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Newcomb, Christina AU - Qafoku, N P AU - Grate, J W AU - Hufschmid, Ryan AU - Browning, Nigel AU - De Yoreo, J J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B44C EP - 06 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807508498?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Exploring+soil+organic+matter-mineral+interactions%3B+mechanistic+insights+at+the+nanometer+and+molecular+length+scales&rft.au=Newcomb%2C+Christina%3BQafoku%2C+N+P%3BGrate%2C+J+W%3BHufschmid%2C+Ryan%3BBrowning%2C+Nigel%3BDe+Yoreo%2C+J+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Newcomb&rft.aufirst=Christina&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Demonstration of a groundwater age determination using (super 39) Ar in support of a multi-tracer groundwater analysis of wells in Fresno, CA AN - 1807508460; 2016-066735 AB - Argon-39 has a half-life of 269 years, making it an ideal tracer for groundwater dating in the age range of 50-1000 years. In September 2014, two production wells within the San Joaquin Valley Aquifer System, located in Fresno, CA were sampled and analyzed for a suite of inorganic and organic contaminants and isotopic constituents. The radiotracers (super 3) H ( 1000 years) are routinely measured as part of the U. S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Water Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Enhanced Trends Network project. Adding (super 39) Ar to the suite of tracers provides age data in the intermediate range to refine the groundwater age distribution of mixed waters and establishes groundwater residence times and flow rates. Characterizing the groundwater recharge and flow rate is of particular interest at these wells for determining the sources and movement of contaminants in groundwater, particularly nitrate, DBCP, and perchlorate. The sampled wells were pumped and purged. The sample collection for the (super 39) Ar measurements required extracting the dissolved gases from 3000-5000 L of groundwater using a membrane degasification system with a maximum flow rate of 50 gpm (11.4 m (super 3) /hr). The membranes are plastic hollow fibers that are hydrophobic. The gas was collected in duplicate large aluminum coated plastic sample bags. The gas was purified and then counted via direct beta counting using ultra-low background proportional counters loaded with a mixture of geologic Ar and methane to enhance the sensitivity for Ar measurements. The activity of (super 39) Ar is 1.01 Bq/kg Ar, corresponding to an abundance of 0.808 ppq. The estimated absolute ages of the samples from the two groundwater wells were 23.3 and 27.0 percent of modern Ar. The comparison of the groundwater residence times determined using the suite of radiotracers ( (super 3) H, (super 39) Ar, and (super 14) C) highlighted the value of knowing the intermediate age of groundwater when determining contaminant fate and transport pathways. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Wurstner White, S AU - Brandenberger, Jill M AU - Kulongoski, J T AU - Aalseth, Craig AU - Williams, Richard M AU - Mace, Emily K AU - Humble, Paul AU - Seifert, Allen AU - Cloutier, Janet M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B51A EP - 0411 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807508460?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Demonstration+of+a+groundwater+age+determination+using+%28super+39%29+Ar+in+support+of+a+multi-tracer+groundwater+analysis+of+wells+in+Fresno%2C+CA&rft.au=Wurstner+White%2C+S%3BBrandenberger%2C+Jill+M%3BKulongoski%2C+J+T%3BAalseth%2C+Craig%3BWilliams%2C+Richard+M%3BMace%2C+Emily+K%3BHumble%2C+Paul%3BSeifert%2C+Allen%3BCloutier%2C+Janet+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wurstner+White&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A hybrid multiscale framework for subsurface flow and transport simulations AN - 1807508321; 2016-064421 AB - Extensive research efforts have been invested in reducing model errors to improve the predictive ability of biogeochemical earth and environmental system simulators, with applications ranging from contaminant transport and remediation to impacts of biogeochemical elemental cycling (e.g., carbon and nitrogen) on local ecosystems and regional to global climate. While improved process understanding can be achieved through scientific study, such understanding is usually developed at small scales. Process-based numerical models are typically designed for a particular characteristic length and time scale. For application-relevant scales, it is generally necessary to introduce approximations and empirical parameterizations to describe complex systems or processes. This single-scale approach has been the best available to date because of limited understanding of process coupling combined with practical limitations on system characterization and computation. The application of advanced computational resources, new scientific process descriptions, and state-of-the-art characterization methods to advance predictive understanding of the larger system behavior requires the development of multiscale simulators. Accordingly there has been much recent interest in novel multiscale methods in which microscale and macroscale models are explicitly coupled in a single hybrid multiscale simulation. A limited number of hybrid multiscale simulations have been developed for biogeochemical earth systems, but they mostly utilize application-specific and sometimes ad-hoc approaches for model coupling. We are developing a generalized approach to hierarchical model coupling designed for high-performance computational systems. In this presentation we will describe the generalized approach and provide two example implementations. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Scheibe, T D AU - Yang, X AU - Chen, X AU - Hammond, G E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B41A EP - 0406 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807508321?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=A+hybrid+multiscale+framework+for+subsurface+flow+and+transport+simulations&rft.au=Scheibe%2C+T+D%3BYang%2C+X%3BChen%2C+X%3BHammond%2C+G+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Scheibe&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using an engineered protein model to constrain protein-mineral interactions AN - 1807507907; 2016-064398 AB - Exoenzymes are proteins that can catalyze the depolymerization of soil organic matter (SOM). Proteins can also be an important source of organic N for microorganisms, but must be fragmented into small peptides in order to be transported through their membranes. An exoenzyme's affinity to mineral surfaces found in soil affects their capacity to degrade SOM or other proteins. Our goal was to determine the range of modifications on proteins when they interact with a mineral surface. We hypothesized that pedogenic oxides would fragment or promote greater chemical modifications to a protein than phyllosilicates. A well-characterized protein proxy (Gb1, IEP 4.0, 6.2 kDA) was adsorbed onto functionally different mineral surfaces (goethite, montmorillonite, kaolinite and birnesite) at pH 5 and pH 7. We then generated three engineered proxies of Gb1 by inserting either negatively charged, positively charged or aromatic amino acids into the second loop. We used liquid chromatography coupled with a mass spectrometer (LC-MS/MS) and solution-state Heteronuclear Single Quantum Coherence Spectroscopy Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (HSQC NMR) to observe modifications to Gb1 that was allowed to equilibrate during the adsorption process for kaolinite, goethite, birnessite, and montmorillonite. We also used Helium Ion Microscopy (HIM) to determine which surface archetypes Gb1 preferentially adsorbed to as a function of the mineral type. The three engineered proxies were used to determine how variation of the amino acid sequence affects a protein interaction with a mineral surface. Preliminary results in the LC-MS/MS indicate that birnessite hydrolytically fragments Gb1 into polypeptides. Our results suggest that not all mineral surfaces in soil may act as sorbents for EEs and that chemical modification of their structure should also be considered as an explanation for decrease in EE activity. Our results also indicate an abiotic pathway for the turnover of proteins, although its relative contribution to protein turnover in soil must be further investigated. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Chacon, S S AU - Reardon, Patrick N AU - Washton, N AU - Kleber, M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B33D EP - 0719 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807507907?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Using+an+engineered+protein+model+to+constrain+protein-mineral+interactions&rft.au=Chacon%2C+S+S%3BReardon%2C+Patrick+N%3BWashton%2C+N%3BKleber%2C+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Chacon&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The expanding reach of environmental radiotracers; new chronometers and more sensitive measurements AN - 1803774235; 2016-060010 AB - Radiotracers in the environment provide powerful tools for understanding environmental processes. Viewed as an age continuum, methods using shorter-lived radionuclides (1,000 y) like (super 10) Be, (super 14) C, (super 36) Cl, and (super 81) Kr generally rely on atom-counting measurements such as accelerator mass spectrometry. Significant challenges exist in the age range between 100 and 1,000 years where useful radiotracers are difficult to measure by either method and can have very low abundance. These challenges are being addressed with more sensitive measurements using both atom counting and radioactive decay, extending the reach of established radiotracers as well as adding new chronometers. Improvements in atom-counting methods will be reviewed; the practicality of using (super 81) Kr (abundance approximately 5X10 (super -13) in atmospheric krypton) for age-dating old aquifers has been established and current work focuses on improving sample utilization efficiency to allow smaller samples to be measured. Better efficiency also brings lower-abundance isotopes within reach, for example (super 39) Ar. Improvements in radioactive decay counting will be reviewed; these take advantage of ultra-pure materials to achieve lower backgrounds and are adding new age-dating reach to the environmental science tool-set with intermediate half-life radionuclides, for example (super 32) Si for sediment cores. These methods also improve sensitivity for established radiotracers like (super 3) H and will allow smaller samples to be measured, allowing specific processes to be traced. For example, using (super 3) H as an indicator of carbon cycling through organic compounds in soil systems. Progress in both atom counting and decay counting is expanding the use of (super 39) Ar for age-dating aquifers, measuring ocean mixing, and age-dating younger glacial ice. Argon-39 is a challenging intermediate-age radiotracer (269-year half-life) with low abundance ( approximately 8X10 (super -16) in atmospheric argon). New decay counting capabilities have expanded worldwide capacity for (super 39) Ar aquifer measurements, while reduced ion backgrounds and increased efficiency have allowed atom-trap trace analysis to support ocean circulation studies in the Atlantic and dating of European glacial ice. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Aalseth, Craig AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B54A EP - 08 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1803774235?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=The+expanding+reach+of+environmental+radiotracers%3B+new+chronometers+and+more+sensitive+measurements&rft.au=Aalseth%2C+Craig%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Aalseth&rft.aufirst=Craig&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-14 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial facies distribution and its geological and geochemical controls at the Hanford 300 area AN - 1803774201; 2016-060008 AB - Efforts have been made by various scientific disciplines to study hyporheic zones and characterize their associated processes. One way to approach the study of the hyporheic zone is to define facies, which are elements of a (hydrobio) geologic classification scheme that groups components of a complex system with high variability into a manageable set of discrete classes. In this study, we try to classify the hyporheic zone based on the geology, geochemistry, microbiology, and understand their interactive influences on the integrated biogeochemical distributions and processes. A number of measurements have been taken for 21 freeze core samples along the Columbia River bank in the Hanford 300 Area, and unique datasets have been obtained on biomass, pH, number of microbial taxa, percentage of N/C/H/S, microbial activity parameters, as well as microbial community attributes/modules. In order to gain a complete understanding of the geological control on these variables and processes, the explanatory variables are set to include quantitative gravel/sand/mud/silt/clay percentages, statistical moments of grain size distributions, as well as geological (e.g., Folk-Wentworth) and statistical (e.g., hierarchical) clusters. The dominant factors for major microbial and geochemical variables are identified and summarized using exploratory data analysis approaches (e.g., principal component analysis, hierarchical clustering, factor analysis, multivariate analysis of variance). The feasibility of extending the facies definition and its control of microbial and geochemical properties to larger scales is discussed. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Hou, Zhangshuan AU - Nelson, William AU - Stegen, James AU - Murray, Christopher J AU - Arntzen, Evan AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B53H EP - 07 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1803774201?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Microbial+facies+distribution+and+its+geological+and+geochemical+controls+at+the+Hanford+300+area&rft.au=Hou%2C+Zhangshuan%3BNelson%2C+William%3BStegen%2C+James%3BMurray%2C+Christopher+J%3BArntzen%2C+Evan%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hou&rft.aufirst=Zhangshuan&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-14 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methane transmission and oxidation throughout the soil column from three Central Florida sites AN - 1797538140; 2016-053294 AB - When methane (CH (sub 4) ) is generated in anoxic soil sites, it may be subsequently re-oxidized to carbon dioxide (CO (sub 2) ). Understanding the controls on, and magnitudes of, these processes is necessary to accurately represent greenhouse gas production and emission from soils. We used a laboratory incubation to examine the influence of variable conditions on methane transmission and oxidation, and identify critical reaction zones throughout the soil column. Sandy soils were sampled from three different sites at Disney Wilderness Preserve (DWP), Florida, USA: a depression marsh characterized by significant surface organic matter accumulation, a dry pine flatwood site with water intrusion and organic horizon at depth (200+ cm); and an intermediate-drainage site. Contiguous, 30-cm long cores were sampled from N=4 random boreholes at each site, from the surface to the water table (varying from 90 to 240 cm). In the lab, each core was monitored for 50 hours to quantify baseline (pretreatment) gas fluxes before injection with 6 ml CH (sub 4) (an amount commensurate with previous field collar measurements) at the base of each core. We then monitored CH (sub 4) and CO (sub 2) evolution for 100 hours after injection, calculating per-gas and total C evolution. Methane emissions spiked nearly equal 10 hours after injection for all cores, peaking at 0.001 mu mol/g soil/hr, nearly equal 30x larger than pre-injection flux rates. On a C basis, CO (sub 2) emissions were orders of magnitude larger, and rose significantly after injection, with elevated rates generally sustained throughout the incubation. Cores from the depression marsh and shallower depths had significantly higher fluxes of both gases. We estimate that 99.1% of the original CH (sub 4) injection was oxidized to CO (sub 2) . These findings suggest either that the methane measured in the field at DWP originates from within a few centimeters of the surface, or that it is produced in much larger quantities deeper in the profile before most is subsequently oxidized. This highlights the need for better understanding and modeling the multiple processes that result in soil-atmosphere CO (sub 2) and CH (sub 4) fluxes. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Bond-Lamberty, B P AU - Fansler, Sarah AU - Becker, K E AU - Hinkle, C R AU - Bailey, V L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B13D EP - 0642 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1797538140?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Methane+transmission+and+oxidation+throughout+the+soil+column+from+three+Central+Florida+sites&rft.au=Bond-Lamberty%2C+B+P%3BFansler%2C+Sarah%3BBecker%2C+K+E%3BHinkle%2C+C+R%3BBailey%2C+V+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bond-Lamberty&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Temperature effects on microbial CH (sub 4) and CO (sub 2) production in permafrost-affected soils from the Barrow environmental observatory AN - 1797535097; 2016-050790 AB - Warmer Arctic temperatures are increasing the annual soil thaw depth and prolonging the thaw season in Alaskan permafrost zones. This change exposes organic matter buried in the soils and permafrost to microbial degradation and mineralization to form CO2 and CH4. The proportion and fluxes of these greenhouse gases released into the atmosphere control the global feedback on warming. To improve representations of these biogeochemical processes in terrestrial ecosystem models we compared soil properties and microbial activities in core samples of polygonal tundra from the Barrow Environmental Observatory. Measurements of soil water potential through the soil column characterized water binding to the organic and mineral components. This suction combines with temperature to control freezing, gas diffusion and microbial activity. The temperature-dependence of CO2 and CH4 production from anoxic soil incubations at -2, +4 or +8 degrees C identified a significant lag in methanogenesis relative to CO2 production by anaerobic respiration and fermentation. Changes in the abundance of methanogen signature genes during incubations indicate that microbial population shifts caused by thawing and warmer temperatures drive changes in the mixtures of soil carbon degradation products. Comparisons of samples collected across the microtopographic features of ice-wedge polygons address the impacts of water saturation, iron reduction and organic matter content on CH4 production and oxidation. These combined measurements build process understanding that can be applied across scales to constrain key response factors in models that address Arctic soil warming. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Graham, D E AU - Roy Chowdhury, T AU - Zheng, J AU - Moon, J W AU - Yang, Z AU - Gu, B AU - Wullschleger, S D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B31D EP - 0617 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1797535097?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Temperature+effects+on+microbial+CH+%28sub+4%29+and+CO+%28sub+2%29+production+in+permafrost-affected+soils+from+the+Barrow+environmental+observatory&rft.au=Graham%2C+D+E%3BRoy+Chowdhury%2C+T%3BZheng%2C+J%3BMoon%2C+J+W%3BYang%2C+Z%3BGu%2C+B%3BWullschleger%2C+S+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Graham&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methane oxidation in arctic soils from high- and flat-centered polygons AN - 1797532541; 2016-053299 AB - The premise of global warming will cause deeper permafrost thawing, followed by increased carbon mineralization and CH (sub 4) formation in saturated tundra soils. Arctic tundra soils also serve as potential sinks for CH (sub 4) in response to warming temperature, which might be a key process in the global CH (sub 4) budget. Quantification of methane oxidation potential of Arctic tundra is an important component to constrain models assessing the Carbon-climate feedback from high latitude soils. The signature polygonal ground of Arctic tundra generates high level of heterogeneity in soil hydrology and soil thermal regime. Thus, two distinct polygonal features were investigated in this study to evaluate CH (sub 4) oxidation potentials under multiple biogeochemical controls. The rates, drivers, and temperature sensitivity of methane oxidation were compared between High- and Flat-Centered Polygons (HCP and FCP, respectively). A significant lag period of CO (sub 2) production was observed in soil microcosms from HCP center, which might be attributed to microbial biomass limitations and the slow growth of anaerobic microbial populations that were sensitive to freezing. Prolonged thawing significantly accelerated carbon mineralization and CH (sub 4) oxidation rates measured via methane oxidation assays (MOA) from both active and permafrost organic layers of HCP. Soil microcosms from FCP showed higher CO (sub 2) production and CH (sub 4) oxidation rates in the active organic layer, but not permafrost layer, which might be explained by the anoxic/oxic interface identified by Fe(II) content in active layer. MOAs with temperature manipulation demonstrated high temperature dependence of methane oxidation activity, mediated primarily by soluble methane monooxygenase based upon metagenomic analysis and PCR quantification. Future work will identify key variables controlling methane oxidation rate and develop parameterization that can be incorporated into Arctic terrestrial ecosystem models. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Zheng, J AU - Roy Chowdhury, T AU - Yang, Z AU - Gu, B AU - Wullschleger, S D AU - Graham, D E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B13D EP - 0651 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1797532541?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Methane+oxidation+in+arctic+soils+from+high-+and+flat-centered+polygons&rft.au=Zheng%2C+J%3BRoy+Chowdhury%2C+T%3BYang%2C+Z%3BGu%2C+B%3BWullschleger%2C+S+D%3BGraham%2C+D+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zheng&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experimental and numerical investigation of guest molecule exchange kinetics based on the 2012 Ignik Sikumi gas hydrate field trial AN - 1797530513; 2016-053269 AB - In 2012 the U.S. DOE/NETL, ConocoPhillips Company, and Japan Oil, Gas and Metals National Corporation jointly sponsored the first field trial of injecting a mixture of N2-CO2 into a CH4-hydrate bearing formation beneath the permafrost on the Alaska North Slope. Known as the Ignik Sikumi #1 Gas Hydrate Field Trial, this experiment involved three stages: 1) the injection of a N2-CO2 mixture into a targeted hydrate-bearing layer, 2) a 4-day pressurized soaking period, and 3) a sustained depressurization and fluid production period. Data collected during the three stages of the field trial were made available after a thorough quality check. The Ignik Sikumi #1 data set is extensive, but contains no direct evidence of the guest-molecule exchange process. This study uses numerical simulation to provide an interpretation of the CH4/CO2/N2 guest molecule exchange process that occurred at Ignik Sikumi #1. Simulations were further informed by experimental observations. The goal of the scoping experiments was to understand kinetic exchange rates and develop parameters for use in Ignik Sikumi history match simulations. The experimental procedure involves two main stages: 1) the formation of CH4 hydrate in a consolidated sand column at 750 psi and 2 degrees C and 2) flow-through of a 77.5/22.5 N2/CO2 molar ratio gas mixture across the column. Experiments were run both above and below the hydrate stability zone in order to observe exchange behavior across varying conditions. The numerical simulator, STOMP-HYDT-KE, was then used to match experimental results, specifically fitting kinetic behavior. Once this behavior is understood, it can be applied to field scale models based on Ignik Sikumi #1. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Ruprecht, Catherine Marie AU - Horner, J AU - White, M D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B13B EP - 0614 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1797530513?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Experimental+and+numerical+investigation+of+guest+molecule+exchange+kinetics+based+on+the+2012+Ignik+Sikumi+gas+hydrate+field+trial&rft.au=Ruprecht%2C+Catherine+Marie%3BHorner%2C+J%3BWhite%2C+M+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ruprecht&rft.aufirst=Catherine&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Something new from something old? Fracking stimulated microbial processes AN - 1797529636; 2016-053310 AB - Hydraulic fracturing, colloquially known as "fracking", is employed for effective gas and oil recovery in deep shales. This process injects organisms and liquids from the surface into the deep subsurface ( nearly equal 2500 m), exposing microorganisms to high pressures, elevated temperatures, chemical additives, and brine-level salinities. Here we use assembly-based metagenomics to create a metabolic blueprint from an energy-producing Marcellus shale well over a 328-day period. Using this approach we ask the question: What abiotic and biotic factors drive microbial metabolism and thus biogeochemical cycling during natural gas extraction? We found that after 49 days, increased salinity in produced waters corresponded to a shift in the microbial community, with only organisms that encode salinity adaptations detected. We posit that organic compatible solutes, produced by organisms adapting to increased salinity, fuels a methylamine-driven ecosystem in fractured shale. This metabolic network ultimately results in biogenic methane production from members of Methanohalophilus and Methanolobus. Proton NMR validated these genomic hypotheses, with mono-methylamine being highest in the input material, but detected throughout the sampling. Beyond abiotic constraints, our genomic investigations revealed that viruses can be linked to key members of the microbial community, potentially releasing methylamine osmoprotectants and impacting bacterial strain variation. Collectively our results indicate that adaptation to high salinity, metabolism in the absence of oxidized electron acceptors, and viral predation are controlling factors mediating microbial community metabolism during hydraulic fracturing of the deep subsurface. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Wrighton, K C AU - Daly, R A AU - Hoyt, David AU - Trexler, R AU - McRae, Jean AU - Wilkins, M AU - Mouser, P J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B13K EP - 08 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1797529636?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Something+new+from+something+old%3F+Fracking+stimulated+microbial+processes&rft.au=Wrighton%2C+K+C%3BDaly%2C+R+A%3BHoyt%2C+David%3BTrexler%2C+R%3BMcRae%2C+Jean%3BWilkins%2C+M%3BMouser%2C+P+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wrighton&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Deciphering the chemical and physical basis for the CaCO (sub 3) polymorphs that form by an amorphous pathway AN - 1797529501; 2016-053459 AB - The formation of calcite and aragonite biominerals by pathways involving metastable intermediates is increasingly recognized. Initial precipitates evolve along a multistep pathway that is not well understood. Previous studies of amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) provide important insights, but relationships between ACC composition and the subsequent crystalline polymorphs are not yet established. This experimental study quantified control of initial solution composition on the polymorphs that transform from ACC. Using a flow-through reactor to regulate solution chemistry without organic additives, ACC was synthesized with variable Mg contents by tuning input solution Mg/Ca ratio, total carbonate concentration, and pH (Blue and Dove, 2015, GCA). This ACC was transformed to crystalline products under stirred or quiescent conditions while monitoring solution and solid compositions. By quantifying solution chemistry throughout the transformation, we find pH and Mg/Ca evolve along polymorph-specific trajectories. The relations predict the initial crystalline phase to form and suggest incipient differences in the initial ACC. The first crystalline polymorph appears controlled by fast kinetics and determined by a systematic relationship to solution Mg2+/Ca2+ and CO3=/Ca2+ ratios. Stirring versus quiescent conditions further direct the initial crystalline polymorph to form. Over longer time periods, thermodynamic factors can drive the initial phase to transform again. The results suggest a quantitative framework for predicting the products to transform from ACC that is based on the interplay of chemistry and physical conditions. Organic additives and extreme pH are not required. The findings reconcile apparent discrepancies between previous studies of ACC and suggest monohydrocalcite may be an overlooked transient phase in forming some deposits of aragonite and calcite. They also 1) support the idea that calcite composition is determined by local Mg2+/Ca2+ and isotope conditions (Giuffre et al., in press, GCA) at the time of initial precipitation; and 2) demonstrate the importance of kinetic versus thermodynamic factors in regulating multistep pathways (De Yoreo et al., 2015, Science) to determine the polymorphs/compositions that form in biological and geological settings. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Dove, P M AU - Blue, C AU - Mergelsberg, S T AU - De Yoreo, James J AU - Han, N AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract PP51D EP - 07 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1797529501?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Deciphering+the+chemical+and+physical+basis+for+the+CaCO+%28sub+3%29+polymorphs+that+form+by+an+amorphous+pathway&rft.au=Dove%2C+P+M%3BBlue%2C+C%3BMergelsberg%2C+S+T%3BDe+Yoreo%2C+James+J%3BHan%2C+N%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Dove&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impacts of oil and gas exploration activities on SOA formation in the Colorado Front Range AN - 1793207024; 2016-049169 AB - Oil and gas exploration activities (O&G) in Wattenberg Field, located north of the Denver Metropolitan area, have expanded in the last few years. Although VOC emissions and the potential for ozone formation in the area from these sources have been studied previously, no information is available on the impact on secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation. During the Front Range Air Pollution and Photochemistry Experiment (FRAPPE), airborne measurements of trace gases and aerosol composition were made in the northern Front Range during July-August 2014. We present analyses on evolution of organic aerosol (OA) and their precursors in order to assess the impact of urban vs. O&G emissions on SOA formation. Significant contribution of SOA to total OA was observed in pure urban and urban plumes mixed with O&G emissions. Under an OH-exposure of 2.8X1011 molecule cm-3 s, enhancement ratios of OA relative to carbon monoxide (Delta OA/Delta CO) increased by factors of approximately 3.6-5.4; however, (Delta SOA/Delta CO)urban+O&G was 87% higher than (Delta SOA/Delta CO)urban. Predicted Delta SOA/Delta CO values from the oxidation of C7-C11 alkanes, C6-C9 aromatics, and biogenics were about a factor of 10-15 too small compared to the measurements. Predicated alkane-derived SOA contributed to 38% (16%) of anthropogenic Delta SOA/Delta CO values in urban+O&G-(urban-) influenced air masses. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Bahreini, Roya AU - Vu, Kennedy K T AU - Dingle, J H AU - Apel, E C AU - Blake, Nicola J AU - Campos, T L AU - Cantrell, Christopher A AU - Flocke, F M AU - Fried, Alan AU - Herndon, S C AU - Hills, A J AU - Hornbrook, R S AU - Huey, L Greg AU - Kaser, L AU - Mauldin, L AU - Meinardi, S AU - Montzka, D AU - Nowak, J B AU - Richter, Dirk AU - Roscioli, J R AU - Schroeder, Jason AU - Shertz, S AU - Stell, Meghan H AU - Tanner, D AU - Tyndall, G S AU - Walega, James AU - Weibring, Petter AU - Weinheimer, A J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract A23N EP - 07 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1793207024?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Impacts+of+oil+and+gas+exploration+activities+on+SOA+formation+in+the+Colorado+Front+Range&rft.au=Bahreini%2C+Roya%3BVu%2C+Kennedy+K+T%3BDingle%2C+J+H%3BApel%2C+E+C%3BBlake%2C+Nicola+J%3BCampos%2C+T+L%3BCantrell%2C+Christopher+A%3BFlocke%2C+F+M%3BFried%2C+Alan%3BHerndon%2C+S+C%3BHills%2C+A+J%3BHornbrook%2C+R+S%3BHuey%2C+L+Greg%3BKaser%2C+L%3BMauldin%2C+L%3BMeinardi%2C+S%3BMontzka%2C+D%3BNowak%2C+J+B%3BRichter%2C+Dirk%3BRoscioli%2C+J+R%3BSchroeder%2C+Jason%3BShertz%2C+S%3BStell%2C+Meghan+H%3BTanner%2C+D%3BTyndall%2C+G+S%3BWalega%2C+James%3BWeibring%2C+Petter%3BWeinheimer%2C+A+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bahreini&rft.aufirst=Roya&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-02 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The impact of oil and natural gas activity on ozone formation in the Colorado Front Range AN - 1789753675; 2016-042542 AB - The 2014 Front Range Air Pollution and Photochemistry Experiment (FRAPPE) was a ground-based and airborne field study designed to characterize and understand air quality in the Colorado Front Range, where National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) ozone levels are frequently exceeded during summertime. A primary goal of the study was to determine the factors controlling surface ozone in the Front Range. As part of the project, measurements of many trace gases were observed on board the NSF/NCAR C-130 by a suite of instrumentation, including the NCAR Trace Organic Gas Analyzer (TOGA), which made measurements of a set of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). VOCs are crucial for characterizing emissions and photochemical processing in the Front Range, as well as the air transported into the region. During recent years, oil and natural gas (O&NG) activity in the Front Range has been growing rapidly. Ratios of observed aromatic hydrocarbons, butanes and pentanes demonstrate distinct fingerprinting that can be used to distinguish both between different types of O&NG activities and between O&NG extraction regions in the FRAPPE study region and beyond. Using the observed hydrocarbon data along with other trace gas observations, we will compare contributions of O&NG emissions to OH reactivities in different regions in the Front Range, and present box model results demonstrating the impact of O&NG activities on ozone formation. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Hornbrook, R S AU - Apel, E C AU - Hills, A J AU - Blake, D R AU - Blake, N J AU - Schroeder, J AU - Fried, A AU - Weibring, P AU - Richter, D AU - Walega, J AU - Mauldin, L AU - Cantrell, C A AU - Hall, S R AU - Ullmann, K AU - Weinheimer, A J AU - Montzka, D AU - Orlando, J J AU - Tyndall, G S AU - Campos, T L AU - Stell, M H AU - Heikes, B AU - Treadaway, V AU - O'Sullivan, D W AU - Huey, L G AU - Tanner, D AU - Cohen, R C AU - Flocke, F M AU - Pfister, G AU - Knote, C J AU - Emmons, L K AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract A12A EP - 02 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1789753675?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=The+impact+of+oil+and+natural+gas+activity+on+ozone+formation+in+the+Colorado+Front+Range&rft.au=Hornbrook%2C+R+S%3BApel%2C+E+C%3BHills%2C+A+J%3BBlake%2C+D+R%3BBlake%2C+N+J%3BSchroeder%2C+J%3BFried%2C+A%3BWeibring%2C+P%3BRichter%2C+D%3BWalega%2C+J%3BMauldin%2C+L%3BCantrell%2C+C+A%3BHall%2C+S+R%3BUllmann%2C+K%3BWeinheimer%2C+A+J%3BMontzka%2C+D%3BOrlando%2C+J+J%3BTyndall%2C+G+S%3BCampos%2C+T+L%3BStell%2C+M+H%3BHeikes%2C+B%3BTreadaway%2C+V%3BO%27Sullivan%2C+D+W%3BHuey%2C+L+G%3BTanner%2C+D%3BCohen%2C+R+C%3BFlocke%2C+F+M%3BPfister%2C+G%3BKnote%2C+C+J%3BEmmons%2C+L+K%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hornbrook&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-19 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nature Geoscience AN - 1789748599; 2016-040772 JF - Nature Geoscience AU - Wieder, William R AU - Cleveland, Cory C AU - Smith, W Kolby AU - Todd-Brown, Katherine Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - 893 EP - 894 PB - Nature Publishing Group, London VL - 8 IS - 12 SN - 1752-0894, 1752-0894 KW - CMIP5 KW - terrestrial environment KW - sinks KW - prediction KW - phosphorus KW - global change KW - nitrogen KW - geochemical cycle KW - carbon dioxide KW - carbon KW - mineralization KW - carbon cycle KW - geochemistry KW - global warming KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1789748599?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Geoscience&rft.atitle=Nature+Geoscience&rft.au=Wieder%2C+William+R%3BCleveland%2C+Cory+C%3BSmith%2C+W+Kolby%3BTodd-Brown%2C+Katherine&rft.aulast=Wieder&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=893&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+Geoscience&rft.issn=17520894&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fngeo2606 L2 - http://www.nature.com/ngeo/index.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - SuppNotes - For reference to original see Wieder, W. R., et al., Nature Geoscience, Vol. 8, p. 441-444, 2015; for reference to discussion see Brovkin, V., and Goll, D., Nature Geoscience, Vol. 8, p. 893, 2015 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon; carbon cycle; carbon dioxide; CMIP5; geochemical cycle; geochemistry; global change; global warming; mineralization; nitrogen; phosphorus; prediction; sinks; terrestrial environment DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2606 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Uranium fate in Hanford sediment altered by simulated acid waste solutions AN - 1780805966; 2016-033060 AB - Infiltration of aqueous acidic waste to the subsurface may induce conditions that alter contaminant transport. Experiments were conducted to examine the effects of low pore water pH and associated changes to sediment properties on U(VI) behavior in sediments. Macroscopic batch experiments were combined with a variety of bulk characterization studies (Moessbauer and laser spectroscopy), micron-scale inspections (mu -XRF), and molecular scale interrogations (XANES) with the objectives to: 1) determine the extent of U(VI) partitioning to Hanford sediments exposed to acidic waste simulants and held at pH = 2, pH = 5, or under neutral conditions (pH = 8) at varying ionic strength, and in the presence of air [bench-top (BT) experiments] or in the absence of air [glove-box (GB) experiments]; and 2) determine the uranium micron-scale solid phase and associated valence state resulting from the experimental conditions. The investigation showed minimal overall changes in Fe mineralogy as a result of sediment exposure to acid solutions, but an increase in the highly reactive nano Fe fraction of the sediment. Greater uranium partitioning was observed at pH = 5 than at pH = 2 and 8. The mu -XRF inspections and XANES analyses confirmed that high concentration areas on sediment surfaces were rich in U(VI) in the BT experiments, and both U(IV) and U(VI) in the GB experiments. The laser spectroscopy data showed that uranyl phosphates {e.g., metaautunite [Ca(UO (sub 2) ) (sub 2) (PO (sub 4) ) (sub 2) .10-12H (sub 2) O] and phosphuranylite [KCa(H (sub 3) O) (sub 3) (UO (sub 2) ) (sub 7) (PO (sub 4) ) (sub 4) O (sub 4) .8H (sub 2) O]} may have formed in the BT experiments. In the GB experiments, in addition to U(IV) phases, U(VI) phases may have also formed similar to those that are naturally present in the sediment, but at higher concentrations. The results provide insights about U(VI) mobility beneath acidic waste disposal sites. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Applied Geochemistry AU - Gartman, Brandy N AU - Qafoku, Nikolla P AU - Szecsody, James E AU - Kukkadapu, Ravi K AU - Wang, Zheming AU - Wellman, Dawn M AU - Truex, Michael J Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - 1 EP - 9 PB - Elsevier, Oxford-New York-Beijing VL - 63 SN - 0883-2927, 0883-2927 KW - United States KW - sorption KW - isotopes KW - mass spectra KW - simulation KW - environmental analysis KW - radioactive waste KW - XANES spectra KW - radioactive isotopes KW - sediments KW - X-ray fluorescence spectra KW - acidic composition KW - spectra KW - mineral assemblages KW - water pollution KW - pH KW - Mossbauer spectra KW - bedrock KW - experimental studies KW - Washington KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - phosphates KW - X-ray spectra KW - models KW - ICP mass spectra KW - liquid waste KW - soil pollution KW - metals KW - nuclear facilities KW - uranium KW - mobilization KW - waste disposal KW - actinides KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1780805966?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Uranium+fate+in+Hanford+sediment+altered+by+simulated+acid+waste+solutions&rft.au=Gartman%2C+Brandy+N%3BQafoku%2C+Nikolla+P%3BSzecsody%2C+James+E%3BKukkadapu%2C+Ravi+K%3BWang%2C+Zheming%3BWellman%2C+Dawn+M%3BTruex%2C+Michael+J&rft.aulast=Gartman&rft.aufirst=Brandy&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=63&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.issn=08832927&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.apgeochem.2015.07.010 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/08832927 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 58 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidic composition; actinides; bedrock; environmental analysis; experimental studies; Hanford Site; ICP mass spectra; isotopes; liquid waste; mass spectra; metals; mineral assemblages; mobilization; models; Mossbauer spectra; nuclear facilities; pH; phosphates; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; sediments; simulation; soil pollution; sorption; spectra; United States; uranium; Washington; waste disposal; water pollution; X-ray fluorescence spectra; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2015.07.010 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Wet explosion pretreatment of loblolly pine leads to an increase in methoxylation of the lignin AN - 1780519870; PQ0002844289 AB - In biorefineries, various pretreatments traditionally employ hazardous chemicals (ammonia, sulfuric acid, sulfite, etc.) for opening the softwood structure and to facilitate easy accessibility of the cellulose for further downstream processing. The resultant lignin (known as technical lignin) after extraction of the carbohydrate fraction as sugars has been either burned as fuel or used in biochemical or biofuel production. It has been observed that the technical lignin after such biomass pretreatments is often more condensed and, hence, cannot be easily used to produce fine chemicals of high value. In this study, we examine lignin after wet explosion pretreatment where the biomass in subjected to oxygen to understand how these interactions will affect lignin utilization for biochemical production. In this study, the structural transformations within the softwood lignin as a response to wet explosion (WEx) pretreatment of loblolly pine at different experimental conditions (165-175 degree C, 18-30 min) were examined using GC/MS and NMR spectroscopy. The results showed that the H-type structures within the lignin molecule decreased while S-type structures increased after pretreatment. Since S-type lignin sub-units have a higher degree of methoxylation compared to H units, the potential of S-type lignin to undergo re-condensation at lower temperatures (after pretreatment), by forming bonds with other lignin sub-units, is lower due to stearic hindrance, resulting in the generation of lignin with a lower tendency to form new complex lignin bindings (high-quality biorefinery lignin). The less condensed biorefinery lignin generated after WEx pretreatment was found to provide a platform for production of lignin polymer with more labile beta -O-4 linkages. This type of lignin could potentially be superior for the production of high-value bio-products compared to re-condensed lignin after acidic and other types of chemical pretreatments. [Figure not available: see fulltext.] JF - Bioresources and Bioprocessing AU - Rana, Diwakar AU - Laskar, Dhrubojyoti D AU - Srinivas, Keerthi AU - Ahring, Birgitte K AD - Bioproducts, Sciences and Engineering Laboratory (BSEL), Washington State University, 2710 Crimson Way, Richland, WA, 99354-1671, USA, bka@wsu.edu Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - 1 EP - 10 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 2 IS - 1 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Transformation KW - Temperature effects KW - Sugar KW - Fuels KW - Ammonia KW - Cellulose KW - Softwoods KW - Biomass KW - sulfite KW - Oxygen KW - Guanylate cyclase KW - Magnetic resonance spectroscopy KW - Lignin KW - Sulfuric acid KW - Carbohydrates KW - Biofuels KW - W 30910:Imaging UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1780519870?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioresources+and+Bioprocessing&rft.atitle=Wet+explosion+pretreatment+of+loblolly+pine+leads+to+an+increase+in+methoxylation+of+the+lignin&rft.au=Rana%2C+Diwakar%3BLaskar%2C+Dhrubojyoti+D%3BSrinivas%2C+Keerthi%3BAhring%2C+Birgitte+K&rft.aulast=Rana&rft.aufirst=Diwakar&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioresources+and+Bioprocessing&rft.issn=2197-4365&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2Fs40643-015-0054-8 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 42 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Transformation; Sugar; Ammonia; Fuels; Cellulose; Softwoods; Biomass; sulfite; Guanylate cyclase; Oxygen; Magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Lignin; Sulfuric acid; Carbohydrates; Biofuels DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40643-015-0054-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The contribution of Paris to limit global warming to 2 [degrees]C AN - 1776641971; PQ0002739154 AB - The international community has set a goal to limit global warming to 2 [degrees]C. Limiting global warming to 2 [degrees]C is a challenging goal and will entail a dramatic transformation of the global energy system, largely complete by 2040. As part of the work toward this goal, countries have been submitting their Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, indicating their emissions reduction commitments through 2025 or 2030, in advance of the 21st Conference of the Parties (COP21) in Paris in December 2015. In this paper, we use the Global Change Assessment Model (GCAM) to analyze the near versus long-term energy and economic-cost implications of these INDCs. The INDCs imply near-term actions that reduce the level of mitigation needed in the post-2030 period, particularly when compared with an alternative path in which nations are unable to undertake emissions mitigation until after 2030. We find that the latter case could require up to 2300 GW of premature retirements of fossil fuel power plants and up to 2900 GW of additional low-carbon power capacity installations within a five-year period of 2031-2035. INDCs have the effect of reducing premature retirements and new-capacity installations after 2030 by 50% and 34%, respectively. However, if presently announced INDCs were strengthened to achieve greater near-term emissions mitigation, the 2031-2035 transformation could be tempered to require 84% fewer premature retirements of power generation capacity and 56% fewer new-capacity additions. Our results suggest that the INDCs delivered for COP21 in Paris will have important contributions in reducing the challenges of achieving the goal of limiting global warming to 2 [degrees]C. JF - Environmental Research Letters AU - Iyer, Gokul C AU - Edmonds, James A AU - Fawcett, Allen A AU - Hultman, Nathan E AU - Alsalam, Jameel AU - Asrar, Ghassem R AU - Calvin, Katherine V AU - Clarke, Leon E AU - Creason, Jared AU - Jeong, Minji AD - Joint Global Change Research Institute, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory and University of Maryland, 5825 University Research Court, Suite 3500, College Park, MD 20740, USA Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 PB - IOP Publishing, The Public Ledger Building, Suite 929 Philadelphia PA 19106 United States VL - 10 IS - 12 SN - 1748-9326, 1748-9326 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Mitigation KW - Climate models KW - Conferences KW - Fossil fuels KW - Climate change KW - Greenhouse effect KW - Emission control KW - Environmental research KW - Energy KW - Electric power generation KW - Emissions KW - Power plants KW - Global warming KW - United Nations KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1776641971?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=The+contribution+of+Paris+to+limit+global+warming+to+2+%5Bdegrees%5DC&rft.au=Iyer%2C+Gokul+C%3BEdmonds%2C+James+A%3BFawcett%2C+Allen+A%3BHultman%2C+Nathan+E%3BAlsalam%2C+Jameel%3BAsrar%2C+Ghassem+R%3BCalvin%2C+Katherine+V%3BClarke%2C+Leon+E%3BCreason%2C+Jared%3BJeong%2C+Minji&rft.aulast=Iyer&rft.aufirst=Gokul&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.issn=17489326&rft_id=info:doi/10.1088%2F1748-9326%2F10%2F12%2F125002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Climate models; Climate change; Global warming; Environmental research; Mitigation; Fossil fuels; Conferences; Electric power generation; Energy; Power plants; Emissions; Emission control; Greenhouse effect; United Nations DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/10/12/125002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Global climate, energy, and economic implications of international energy offsets programs AN - 1751228292; PQ0002367702 AB - We demonstrate and apply methods for assessing global, system-scale effects on energy and greenhouse emissions of offset programs that explicitly consider the rules by which energy-based offset credits are awarded. We compare our approach to idealized calculations in which all regions, including those without mitigation obligations, face a common carbon tax. We find a substantial gap between potential reductions in emissions and those realized in a suite of hypothetical offset assignment protocols as well as between offset creation and system-scales emissions mitigation, even when project-scale additionality and compliance issues are absent and baselines are known with certainty. In the worst cases, seemingly reasonable rules were counterproductive-i.e. increased global carbon emissions, despite strictly meeting additionality and baseline requirements. But, even when we modified the rules for creating offsets to reflect more closely implementation practices, there remained a large gap between potential and realized mitigation. This difference is systemic and traces to the basic nature of offsets. Offsets subsidize the deployment of non-emitting technologies instead of penalizing the use of emitting technologies. As a consequence, offsets lower the cost of energy, and encourage greater use energy rather than its conservation. Thus, even in well-crafted programs, it is impossible to capture the full economic potential because the program lacks a means by which to engage energy conservation. We demonstrate that while offsets programs reduce the cost to regions with emissions caps, they may achieve this result at the expense of reduced global emissions mitigation. JF - Climatic Change AU - Calvin, Katherine AU - Rose, Steven AU - Wise, Marshall AU - McJeon, Haewon AU - Clarke, Leon AU - Edmonds, Jae AD - Joint Global Change Research Institute, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, College Park, MD, USA, jae@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - 583 EP - 596 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 133 IS - 4 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Mitigation KW - Climate KW - Compliance KW - Climate change KW - Energy conservation KW - Carbon emissions KW - Greenhouses KW - Taxation KW - Global climate KW - Carbon KW - Energy KW - Economics KW - Emissions KW - Conservation KW - Global warming KW - Environment management KW - Technology KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - M2 551.5:General (551.5) KW - Q5 08505:Prevention and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1751228292?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=Global+climate%2C+energy%2C+and+economic+implications+of+international+energy+offsets+programs&rft.au=Calvin%2C+Katherine%3BRose%2C+Steven%3BWise%2C+Marshall%3BMcJeon%2C+Haewon%3BClarke%2C+Leon%3BEdmonds%2C+Jae&rft.aulast=Calvin&rft.aufirst=Katherine&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=133&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=583&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10584-015-1482-3 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-12-01 N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Carbon; Economics; Environment management; Global climate; Energy conservation; Global warming; Conservation; Carbon emissions; Taxation; Mitigation; Energy; Climate change; Compliance; Climate; Emissions; Greenhouses; Technology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-015-1482-3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relative Influence of Trans-Pacific and Regional Atmospheric Transport of PAHs in the Pacific Northwest, U.S. AN - 1738816199; 26151337 AB - The relative influences of trans-Pacific and regional atmospheric transport on measured concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), PAH derivatives (nitro- (NPAH) and oxy-(OPAH)), organic carbon (OC), and particulate matter (PM) less than 2.5 μm in diameter (PM2.5) were investigated in the Pacific Northwest, U.S. in 2010-2011. Ambient high volume PM2.5 air samples were collected at two sites in the Pacific Northwest: (1.) Mount Bachelor Observatory (MBO) in the Oregon Cascade Range (2763 m above sea level (asl)) and 2.) Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation (CTUIR) in the Columbia River Gorge (CRG) (954 m asl). At MBO, the 1,8-dinitropyrene concentration was significantly positively correlated with the time a sampled air mass spent over Asia, suggesting that this NPAH may be a good marker for trans-Pacific atmospheric transport. At CTUIR, NOx, CO2, and SO2 emissions from a 585 MW coal fired power plant, in Boardman OR, were found to be significantly positively correlated with PAH, OPAH, NPAH, OC, and PM2.5 concentrations. By comparing the Boardman Plant operational time frames when the plant was operating to when it was shut down, the plant was found to contribute a large percentage of the measured PAH (67%), NPAH (91%), OPAH (54%), PM2.5 (39%), and OC (38%) concentrations at CTUIR and the CRG prior to Spring 2011 and likely masked trans-Pacific atmospheric transport events to the CRG. Upgrades installed to the Boardman Plant in the spring of 2011 dramatically reduced the plant's contribution to PAH and OPAH concentrations (by ∼72% and ∼40%, respectively) at CTUIR and the CRG, but not NPAH, PM2.5 or OC concentrations. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Lafontaine, Scott AU - Schrlau, Jill AU - Butler, Jack AU - Jia, Yuling AU - Harper, Barbara AU - Harris, Stuart AU - Bramer, Lisa M AU - Waters, Katrina M AU - Harding, Anna AU - Simonich, Staci L Massey AD - Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University , Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States. ; Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University , Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States. ; Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation, Pendleton, Oregon 97801, United States. ; Computational and Statistical Analytics, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland, Washington 99352, United States. ; Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland, Washington 99352, United States. ; School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University , Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States. Y1 - 2015/12/01/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Dec 01 SP - 13807 EP - 13816 VL - 49 IS - 23 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Particulate Matter KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons KW - Pyrenes KW - Sulfur Dioxide KW - 0UZA3422Q4 KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - 142M471B3J KW - Nitric Oxide KW - 31C4KY9ESH KW - 1,8-dinitropyrene KW - 51U7E9MW6I KW - Carbon KW - 7440-44-0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Nitric Oxide -- analysis KW - Pyrenes -- analysis KW - Oregon KW - Carbon Dioxide -- analysis KW - Sulfur Dioxide -- analysis KW - Northwestern United States KW - Seasons KW - Carbon -- analysis KW - Particulate Matter -- analysis KW - Asia KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons -- analysis KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1738816199?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Relative+Influence+of+Trans-Pacific+and+Regional+Atmospheric+Transport+of+PAHs+in+the+Pacific+Northwest%2C+U.S.&rft.au=Lafontaine%2C+Scott%3BSchrlau%2C+Jill%3BButler%2C+Jack%3BJia%2C+Yuling%3BHarper%2C+Barbara%3BHarris%2C+Stuart%3BBramer%2C+Lisa+M%3BWaters%2C+Katrina+M%3BHarding%2C+Anna%3BSimonich%2C+Staci+L+Massey&rft.aulast=Lafontaine&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=13807&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=1520-5851&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Facs.est.5b00800 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-07-11 N1 - Date created - 2015-12-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Environ Monit. 2003 Dec;5(6):984-8 [14710943] Environ Sci Technol. 2013 Apr 2;47(7):3410-6 [23472838] Science. 1997 May 16;276(5315):1045-52 [9148793] Environ Sci Technol. 2005 Jan 1;39(1):64-73 [15667076] Chemosphere. 2005 May;59(6):861-9 [15811415] Environ Sci Technol. 2005 Mar 15;39(6):1861-7 [15819248] Environ Sci Technol. 2005 Aug 15;39(16):6006-15 [16173557] Environ Sci Technol. 2005 Dec 1;39(23):9109-14 [16382931] Environ Sci Technol. 2006 Feb 1;40(3):702-8 [16509306] Environ Sci Technol. 2007 May 15;41(10):3551-8 [17547177] Environ Sci Technol. 2007 Nov 1;41(21):7294-302 [18044502] Environ Sci Technol. 2008 Sep 1;42(17):6385-91 [18800505] Environ Sci Technol. 2009 Feb 15;43(4):1061-6 [19320158] Environ Sci Technol. 2009 Apr 15;43(8):2806-11 [19475954] Environ Sci Technol. 2009 Jul 15;43(14):5314-20 [19708359] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Dec 15;106(50):21063-7 [19995969] Sci Total Environ. 2010 May 15;408(12):2527-42 [20359735] J Environ Manage. 2013 Nov 15;129:333-40 [23978621] Environ Sci Technol. 2014;48(1):412-9 [24350894] Mutat Res. 1983 May;113(3-4):173-215 [6341825] Chem Biol Interact. 2011 Jun 30;192(1-2):26-9 [20849837] Environ Sci Technol. 2011 Aug 15;45(16):6887-95 [21766847] Environ Sci Technol. 2012 Nov 20;46(22):12459-66 [23098132] Environ Sci Technol. 2014 Sep 2;48(17):10155-64 [25119270] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b00800 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Susceptibility to quantum dot induced lung inflammation differs widely among the Collaborative Cross founder mouse strains. AN - 1735325687; 26476918 AB - Quantum dots (QDs) are engineered semiconductor nanoparticles with unique physicochemical properties that make them potentially useful in clinical, research and industrial settings. However, a growing body of evidence indicates that like other engineered nanomaterials, QDs have the potential to be respiratory hazards, especially in the context of the manufacture of QDs and products containing them, as well as exposures to consumers using these products. The overall goal of this study was to investigate the role of mouse strain in determining susceptibility to QD-induced pulmonary inflammation and toxicity. Male mice from 8 genetically diverse inbred strains (the Collaborative Cross founder strains) were exposed to CdSe-ZnS core-shell QDs stabilized with an amphiphilic polymer. QD treatment resulted in significant increases in the percentage of neutrophils and levels of cytokines present in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) obtained from NOD/ShiLtJ and NZO/HlLtJ mice relative to their saline (Sal) treated controls. Cadmium measurements in lung tissue indicated strain-dependent differences in disposition of QDs in the lung. Total glutathione levels in lung tissue were significantly correlated with percent neutrophils in BALF as well as with lung tissue Cd levels. Our findings indicate that QD-induced acute lung inflammation is mouse strain dependent, that it is heritable, and that the choice of mouse strain is an important consideration in planning QD toxicity studies. These data also suggest that formal genetic analyses using additional strains or recombinant inbred strains from these mice could be useful for discovering potential QD-induced inflammation susceptibility loci. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Scoville, David K AU - White, Collin C AU - Botta, Dianne AU - McConnachie, Lisa A AU - Zadworny, Megan E AU - Schmuck, Stefanie C AU - Hu, Xiaoge AU - Gao, Xiaohu AU - Yu, Jianbo AU - Dills, Russell L AU - Sheppard, Lianne AU - Delaney, Martha A AU - Griffith, William C AU - Beyer, Richard P AU - Zangar, Richard C AU - Pounds, Joel G AU - Faustman, Elaine M AU - Kavanagh, Terrance J AD - Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. ; Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. ; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. ; Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. ; Systems Toxicology Group - Division of Biological Sciences, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA. ; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. Electronic address: tjkav@uw.edu. Y1 - 2015/12/01/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Dec 01 SP - 240 EP - 250 VL - 289 IS - 2 KW - Cadmium Compounds KW - 0 KW - Cytokines KW - Selenium Compounds KW - Sulfides KW - Zinc Compounds KW - cadmium selenide KW - A7F646JC5C KW - Glutathione KW - GAN16C9B8O KW - zinc sulfide KW - KPS085631O KW - Index Medicus KW - Genetics KW - Lung inflammation KW - Quantum dots KW - Collaborative Cross mouse strains KW - Heritability KW - Animals KW - Neutrophil Infiltration -- drug effects KW - Macrophages -- immunology KW - Heredity KW - Neutrophils -- immunology KW - Mice, Inbred NOD KW - Glutathione -- metabolism KW - Cytokines -- metabolism KW - Mice KW - Macrophages -- drug effects KW - Phenotype KW - Neutrophils -- drug effects KW - Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid -- immunology KW - Mice, 129 Strain KW - Risk Factors KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Genetic Predisposition to Disease KW - Time Factors KW - Species Specificity KW - Cluster Analysis KW - Male KW - Selenium Compounds -- toxicity KW - Lung -- immunology KW - Quantum Dots -- toxicity KW - Pneumonia -- immunology KW - Pneumonia -- chemically induced KW - Pneumonia -- genetics KW - Lung -- drug effects KW - Cadmium Compounds -- toxicity KW - Zinc Compounds -- toxicity KW - Sulfides -- toxicity KW - Lung -- metabolism KW - Pneumonia -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1735325687?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Susceptibility+to+quantum+dot+induced+lung+inflammation+differs+widely+among+the+Collaborative+Cross+founder+mouse+strains.&rft.au=Scoville%2C+David+K%3BWhite%2C+Collin+C%3BBotta%2C+Dianne%3BMcConnachie%2C+Lisa+A%3BZadworny%2C+Megan+E%3BSchmuck%2C+Stefanie+C%3BHu%2C+Xiaoge%3BGao%2C+Xiaohu%3BYu%2C+Jianbo%3BDills%2C+Russell+L%3BSheppard%2C+Lianne%3BDelaney%2C+Martha+A%3BGriffith%2C+William+C%3BBeyer%2C+Richard+P%3BZangar%2C+Richard+C%3BPounds%2C+Joel+G%3BFaustman%2C+Elaine+M%3BKavanagh%2C+Terrance+J&rft.aulast=Scoville&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=289&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=240&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=1096-0333&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.taap.2015.09.019 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-03-08 N1 - Date created - 2015-11-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2013 May;65(5):703-18 [23000745] Toxicol Lett. 2014 Feb 10;225(1):20-6 [24296008] Nanotoxicology. 2014 Aug;8 Suppl 1:100-10 [24295335] Adv Pharmacol. 1994;27:271-98 [8068556] J Immunol. 1995 Oct 1;155(7):3593-600 [7561058] Science. 2005 Jan 28;307(5709):538-44 [15681376] Clin Exp Immunol. 2005 Apr;140(1):97-100 [15762880] J Appl Physiol (1985). 2005 Apr;98(4):1258-63 [15542571] Nano Lett. 2005 Feb;5(2):331-8 [15794621] J Mol Med (Berl). 2005 May;83(5):377-85 [15688234] Nat Mater. 2005 Jun;4(6):435-46 [15928695] Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jul;113(7):823-39 [16002369] Chem Biol. 2005 Nov;12(11):1227-34 [16298302] Bioinformatics. 2006 May 15;22(10):1278-9 [16595561] Circulation. 2006 May 16;113(19):2335-62 [16702488] Clin Biochem. 2007 Sep;40(13-14):917-27 [17689518] Nano Lett. 2008 Feb;8(2):437-45 [18225938] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2008 Apr 15;228(2):200-11 [18261754] Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2008 May;38(5):566-71 [18096870] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 May 27;105(21):7387-92 [18492802] Nature. 2008 Jun 5;453(7196):745-50 [18463632] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2008 Nov 1;232(3):418-27 [18708083] Environ Health Perspect. 2008 Dec;116(12):1607-13 [19079709] Methods Mol Biol. 2009;520:143-50 [19381952] Infect Immun. 2009 Jul;77(7):2908-18 [19398545] J Proteome Res. 2009 Aug;8(8):3937-43 [19618941] Genome Res. 2009 Sep;19(9):1507-15 [19416960] Small. 2010 Jan;6(1):138-44 [19743433] Toxicol Sci. 2010 Feb;113(2):422-33 [19875681] Biosens Bioelectron. 2010 Mar 15;25(7):1843-6 [20060705] Biomaterials. 2010 Jun;31(18):4829-34 [20346495] Nanotoxicology. 2010 Jun;4(2):139-49 [20795892] Cell Mol Immunol. 2010 Sep;7(5):361-74 [20622891] Chem Soc Rev. 2010 Nov;39(11):4326-54 [20697629] Food Chem Toxicol. 2001 Apr;39(4):375-83 [11295484] J Proteome Res. 2002 May-Jun;1(3):233-7 [12645900] J Infect Dis. 2003 Jun 15;187 Suppl 2:S364-9 [12792853] J Immunol. 2003 Sep 15;171(6):2797-803 [12960300] Nat Biotechnol. 2004 Jan;22(1):93-7 [14661026] Nat Biotechnol. 2004 Jan;22(1):47-52 [14704706] Genetics. 2014 Oct;198(2):735-45 [25114278] Nanotoxicology. 2015 May;9(3):336-43 [24983898] Nanotoxicology. 2015;9(6):802-11 [25395166] Free Radic Biol Med. 2004 Jun 1;36(11):1434-43 [15135180] Respir Physiol Neurobiol. 2004 Jun 25;140(3):283-91 [15186789] Nat Biotechnol. 2004 Aug;22(8):969-76 [15258594] Nat Genet. 2004 Nov;36(11):1133-7 [15514660] Mol Cell Biol. 1993 Sep;13(9):5276-89 [8355682] Toxicol Sci. 2011 Mar;120(1):206-17 [21135412] Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2011 May;44(5):725-38 [21531958] Biomaterials. 2011 Sep;32(25):5855-62 [21601920] Arch Toxicol. 2011 Jul;85(7):707-20 [21445587] J Control Release. 2011 Jul 15;153(1):16-22 [21342659] Nanomedicine (Lond). 2011 Jul;6(5):777-91 [21793671] Inhal Toxicol. 2011 Oct;23(12):724-35 [21967497] ACS Nano. 2011 Oct 25;5(10):8131-9 [21936502] Toxicol Lett. 2012 Jan 25;208(2):115-24 [22027348] Nanotoxicology. 2012 May;6(3):249-62 [21495880] Nat Nanotechnol. 2012 Jul;7(7):453-8 [22609691] Blood. 2012 Jul 26;120(4):880-90 [22674804] J Nanosci Nanotechnol. 2012 Jul;12(7):5407-11 [22966580] ACS Nano. 2012 Nov 27;6(11):9475-84 [23039050] Nanotoxicology. 2013 Feb;7(1):105-15 [22107365] Nanotoxicology. 2013 Mar;7(2):181-91 [22264017] Trends Immunol. 2013 Feb;34(2):81-9 [23000011] Part Fibre Toxicol. 2013;10:5 [23497258] PLoS One. 2013;8(5):e64165 [23724032] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2015.09.019 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biochar as a global change adaptation: predicting biochar impacts on crop productivity and soil quality for a tropical soil with the Environmental Policy Integrated Climate (EPIC) model AN - 1727678145; PQ0002200398 AB - The Environmental Policy Integrated Climate (EPIC) model with newly-developed biochar algorithms was used to determine the impacts of biochar amendments on corn (Zea mays L.) yields, soil cation exchange capacity (CEC), pH, bulk density (D sub(b)) and soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics. The objectives were (1) to determine biochar impacts on crop yields and soil properties of a tropical soil and (2) to evaluate biochar's potential as a climate change adaptation tool. EPIC was validated using results of a 4-yr experiment performed on an Amazonian Oxisol amended with biochar at rates of 0, 8, and 20 Mg ha super(-1). Simulated yields of corn on biochar amended soil were significantly greater than control yields (p<0.05). Simulated soil pH increased from original 3.9 to 4.19, CEC increased from 9.76 to 11.5 cmol sub(c) kg super(-1), and SOC also increased. After validation, EPIC was used to simulate the impacts of the same biochar rates applied at 4 year intervals on corn yields and soil properties over the next 20 years. Soil CEC increased from 11.1 cmol sub(c) kg super(-1) to 20.2 cmol sub(c) kg super(-1) for the highest biochar application rate. Soil pH increased from 3.9 to 5.64. SOC increased up to 2.59 % for the highest biochar application rate with decreased topsoil D sub(b) from 1.11 Mg m super(-3) to 0.97 Mg m super(-3). Long-term corn yields were slightly decreased. Although the results are biochar-, dose-, and soil-specific, biochar additions to tropical soils hold promise as a climate change adaptation tool resulting in increased soil carbon sequestration and improved soil properties. JF - Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change AU - Lychuk, Taras E AU - Izaurralde, Roberto C AU - Hill, Robert L AU - McGill, William B AU - Williams, Jimmy R AD - Joint Global Change Research Institute (Pacific Northwest National Laboratory) and Department of Environmental Science and Technology, University of Maryland, 1204 HJ Patterson Hall, College Park, MD, 20740, USA, tlychuk1@umd.edu Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - 1437 EP - 1458 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 20 IS - 8 SN - 1381-2386, 1381-2386 KW - Environment Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Charcoal KW - ph of soil KW - Climate models KW - Climate KW - Climate change KW - Corn yield KW - Public policy and climate KW - Crop yield KW - Algorithms KW - Environmental policy KW - Soil amendment KW - Crop production KW - Soil KW - Carbon sequestration KW - Adaptability KW - Zea mays KW - Corn KW - Tropical environments KW - Soil properties KW - pH KW - ENA 06:Food & Drugs KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1727678145?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mitigation+and+Adaptation+Strategies+for+Global+Change&rft.atitle=Biochar+as+a+global+change+adaptation%3A+predicting+biochar+impacts+on+crop+productivity+and+soil+quality+for+a+tropical+soil+with+the+Environmental+Policy+Integrated+Climate+%28EPIC%29+model&rft.au=Lychuk%2C+Taras+E%3BIzaurralde%2C+Roberto+C%3BHill%2C+Robert+L%3BMcGill%2C+William+B%3BWilliams%2C+Jimmy+R&rft.aulast=Lychuk&rft.aufirst=Taras&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1437&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mitigation+and+Adaptation+Strategies+for+Global+Change&rft.issn=13812386&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11027-014-9554-7 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 58 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ph of soil; Climate models; Public policy and climate; Corn yield; Climate change; Soil properties; Algorithms; Crop yield; Charcoal; Climate; Environmental policy; Soil amendment; Soil; Crop production; Carbon sequestration; Adaptability; Tropical environments; Corn; pH; Zea mays DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11027-014-9554-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A High Spatiotemporal Assessment of Consumptive Water Use and Water Scarcity in the Conterminous United States AN - 1855362361; PQ0002127850 AB - There is an inextricable link between energy production and food/feed/fiber cultivation with available water resources. Currently in the United States, agriculture represents the largest sector of consumptive water use making up 80.7 % of the total. Electricity generation in the U.S. is projected to increase by 24 % in the next two decades and globally, the production of liquid transportation fuels are forecasted to triple over the next 25-years, having significant impacts on the import/export market and global economies. The tension between local water supply and demand across water use sectors needs to be evaluated with regards to risk evaluation and planning. To this end, we present a systematic method to spatially and temporally disaggregate nationally available 5-year county-scale water use data to a monthly 1/8 degree scale. Our study suggests that while 81.9 % of the U.S. exhibits unstressed local conditions at the annual scale, 13.7 % is considered water scarce; this value increases to 17.3 % in the summer months. The use of mean annual water scarcity at a coarser basin scale (~373,000 ha) was found to mask information critical for water planning whereas finer spatiotemporal scales revealed local areas that are water stressed or water scarce. Nationally, ~1 % of these "unstressed" basins actually contained water stressed or water scarce areas equivalent to at least 30 % and 17 %, respectively, of the basin area. These percentages increase to 34 % and 48 % in the summer months. Additionally, 15 % of basins classified as "unstressed" contained water scarce areas in excess of 10 % during the summer. JF - Water Resources Management AU - Moore, Brandon C AU - Coleman, Andre M AU - Wigmosta, Mark S AU - Skaggs, Richard L AU - Venteris, Erik R AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Hydrology Technical Group, MSIN K9-33, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA, 99352, USA Y1 - 2015/11// PY - 2015 DA - November 2015 SP - 5185 EP - 5200 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 29 IS - 14 SN - 0920-4741, 0920-4741 KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - International trade KW - Demand KW - Assessments KW - Consumption KW - Impact analysis KW - Basins KW - Markets KW - Water supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1855362361?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Management&rft.atitle=A+High+Spatiotemporal+Assessment+of+Consumptive+Water+Use+and+Water+Scarcity+in+the+Conterminous+United+States&rft.au=Moore%2C+Brandon+C%3BColeman%2C+Andre+M%3BWigmosta%2C+Mark+S%3BSkaggs%2C+Richard+L%3BVenteris%2C+Erik+R&rft.aulast=Moore&rft.aufirst=Brandon&rft.date=2015-11-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=5185&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Management&rft.issn=09204741&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11269-015-1112-x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 53 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-05 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11269-015-1112-x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmentally friendly, rheoreversible, hydraulic-fracturing fluids for enhanced geothermal systems AN - 1844920636; 2016-100276 AB - Cost-effective creation of high-permeability reservoirs inside deep crystalline bedrock is the primary challenge for the feasibility of enhanced geothermal systems (EGS). Current reservoir stimulation entails adverse environmental impacts and substantial economic costs due to the utilization of large volumes of water "doped" with chemicals including rheology modifiers, scale and corrosion inhibitors, biocides, friction reducers among others where, typically, little or no information of composition and toxicity is disclosed. An environmentally benign, CO (sub 2) -activated, rheoreversible fracturing fluid has recently been developed that significantly enhances rock permeability at effective stress considerably lower than current technology based on laboratory-scale tests. In the present work we evaluate the potential of this novel fracturing fluid for application at geothermal sites under different chemical and geomechanical conditions, by performing laboratory-scale fracturing experiments with different rock sources under different confining pressures, temperatures, and pH environments. The results demonstrate that CO (sub 2) -reactive aqueous solutions of environmentally amenable polyallylamine (PAA) represent a highly versatile fracturing fluid technology. This fracturing fluid consistently and reproducibly creates/propagates fracture networks through highly impermeable crystalline rock from Coso EGS and Newberry EGS sites at significantly lower effective stress as compared to conventional fracturing fluids. In addition, permeability was significantly enhanced (several orders of magnitude). This was evident in all laboratory-scale experiments, including variable rock source/type, operation pressure and temperature (over the entire range for EGS applications), as well as over a wide range of formation-water pH values. This effective, versatile, and environmentally-friendly fracturing fluid technology represents a significant advancement compared to industrially available fracturing fluids for cost-effective and competitive geothermal energy production. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geothermics AU - Shao, Hongbo AU - Kabilan, Senthil AU - Stephens, Sean AU - Suresh, Niraj AU - Beck, Anthon N AU - Varga, Tamas AU - Martin, Paul F AU - Kuprat, Andrew AU - Jung, Hun Bok AU - Um, Wooyong AU - Bonneville, Alain AU - Heldebrant, David J AU - Carroll, Kenneth C AU - Moore, Joseph AU - Fernandez, Carlos A Y1 - 2015/11// PY - 2015 DA - November 2015 SP - 22 EP - 31 PB - Elsevier, Oxford-New York VL - 58 SN - 0375-6505, 0375-6505 KW - United States KW - hydraulic fracturing KW - well stimulation KW - Coso Hot Springs KGRA KW - fluid flow KW - geothermal engineering KW - enhanced recovery KW - carbon dioxide KW - geothermal energy KW - environmental management KW - Cascade Range KW - California KW - Oregon KW - geothermal fields KW - Inyo County California KW - Deschutes County Oregon KW - Newberry Volcano KW - rheology KW - crystalline rocks KW - reservoir properties KW - drilling KW - permeability KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1844920636?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geothermics&rft.atitle=Environmentally+friendly%2C+rheoreversible%2C+hydraulic-fracturing+fluids+for+enhanced+geothermal+systems&rft.au=Shao%2C+Hongbo%3BKabilan%2C+Senthil%3BStephens%2C+Sean%3BSuresh%2C+Niraj%3BBeck%2C+Anthon+N%3BVarga%2C+Tamas%3BMartin%2C+Paul+F%3BKuprat%2C+Andrew%3BJung%2C+Hun+Bok%3BUm%2C+Wooyong%3BBonneville%2C+Alain%3BHeldebrant%2C+David+J%3BCarroll%2C+Kenneth+C%3BMoore%2C+Joseph%3BFernandez%2C+Carlos+A&rft.aulast=Shao&rft.aufirst=Hongbo&rft.date=2015-11-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=&rft.spage=22&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geothermics&rft.issn=03756505&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.geothermics.2015.07.010 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03756505 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-01 N1 - CODEN - GTMCAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; carbon dioxide; Cascade Range; Coso Hot Springs KGRA; crystalline rocks; Deschutes County Oregon; drilling; enhanced recovery; environmental management; fluid flow; geothermal energy; geothermal engineering; geothermal fields; hydraulic fracturing; Inyo County California; Newberry Volcano; Oregon; permeability; reservoir properties; rheology; United States; well stimulation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2015.07.010 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Time-lapse electrical geophysical monitoring of amendment-based biostimulation AN - 1780802503; 2016-032267 AB - Biostimulation is increasingly used to accelerate microbial remediation of recalcitrant groundwater contaminants. Effective application of biostimulation requires successful emplacement of amendment in the contaminant target zone. Verification of remediation performance requires postemplacement assessment and contaminant monitoring. Sampling-based approaches are expensive and provide low-density spatial and temporal information. Time-lapse electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) is an effective geophysical method for determining temporal changes in subsurface electrical conductivity. Because remedial amendments and biostimulation-related biogeochemical processes often change subsurface electrical conductivity, ERT can complement and enhance sampling-based approaches for assessing emplacement and monitoring biostimulation-based remediation. Field studies demonstrating the ability of time-lapse ERT to monitor amendment emplacement and behavior were performed during a biostimulation remediation effort conducted at the Department of Defense Reutilization and Marketing Office (DRMO) Yard, in Brandywine, Maryland, United States. Geochemical fluid sampling was used to calibrate a petrophysical relation in order to predict groundwater indicators of amendment distribution. The petrophysical relations were field validated by comparing predictions to sequestered fluid sample results, thus demonstrating the potential of electrical geophysics for quantitative assessment of amendment-related geochemical properties. Crosshole radar zero-offset profile and borehole geophysical logging were also performed to augment the data set and validate interpretation. In addition to delineating amendment transport in the first 10 months after emplacement, the time-lapse ERT results show later changes in bulk electrical properties interpreted as mineral precipitation. Results support the use of more cost-effective surface-based ERT in conjunction with limited field sampling to improve spatial and temporal monitoring of amendment emplacement and remediation performance. Abstract Copyright Published 2014. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. JF - Ground Water AU - Johnson, Timothy C AU - Versteeg, Roelof J AU - Day-Lewis, Frederick D AU - Major, William AU - Lane, John W, Jr Y1 - 2015/11// PY - 2015 DA - November 2015 SP - 920 EP - 932 PB - Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of National Ground Water Association, Westerville, OH VL - 53 IS - 6 SN - 0017-467X, 0017-467X KW - United States KW - tomography KW - electrical conductivity KW - contaminant plumes KW - calibration KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - sampling KW - Brandywine Maryland KW - time-lapse methods KW - Maryland KW - algorithms KW - biodegradation KW - monitoring KW - three-dimensional models KW - pollutants KW - crosshole methods KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - porosity KW - two-dimensional models KW - aquifers KW - case studies KW - Prince Georges County Maryland KW - Brandywine Defense Reutilization and Marketing Office Yard KW - military facilities KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1780802503?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water&rft.atitle=Time-lapse+electrical+geophysical+monitoring+of+amendment-based+biostimulation&rft.au=Johnson%2C+Timothy+C%3BVersteeg%2C+Roelof+J%3BDay-Lewis%2C+Frederick+D%3BMajor%2C+William%3BLane%2C+John+W%2C+Jr&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft.date=2015-11-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=920&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water&rft.issn=0017467X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fgwat.12291 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 68 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-17 N1 - CODEN - GRWAAP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; aquifers; biodegradation; bioremediation; Brandywine Defense Reutilization and Marketing Office Yard; Brandywine Maryland; calibration; case studies; contaminant plumes; crosshole methods; electrical conductivity; electrical methods; geophysical methods; ground water; Maryland; military facilities; monitoring; pollutants; pollution; porosity; Prince Georges County Maryland; remediation; sampling; three-dimensional models; time-lapse methods; tomography; two-dimensional models; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12291 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Drought structure based on a nonparametric multivariate standardized drought index across the Yellow River basin, China AN - 1765875290; 2016-016195 AB - Investigation of drought structure in terms of drought onset, termination, and their transition periods as well as drought duration helps to gain a better understanding of drought regime and to establish a reliable drought early warning system. In this study, a Nonparametric Multivariate Standardized Drought Index (NMSDI) combining the information of precipitation and streamflow was introduced to investigate the spatial and temporal characteristics of drought structure in the Yellow River basin (YRB). Furthermore, the correlations between the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events and NMSDI variations were explored using the cross wavelet technique. The results showed that (1) The variations of NMSDI were consistent with those of 6-month SPI (Standardized Precipitation Index) and SSFI (Standardized Streamflow Index), indicating that the proposed nonparametric multivariate drought index was reliable and effective in characterizing droughts. (2) The preferred seasons of drought onset were spring and summer, and winter was the preferred season of drought recovery in the YRB. The long-term average drought duration in the whole basin was nearly 5.8 months, which was clearly longer than the average drought onset and termination transition periods. (3) Overall, the drought structure in terms of drought duration, onset and termination transition periods in the YRB remained stable, and no appreciable change trend was found. (4) ENSO events exhibited a statistically negative correlation with NMSDI variations, suggesting that they showed strong impacts on drought evolutions in the YRB. Although the YRB was selected as a case study in this paper, the approach/indicator can be applied in other regions as well. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Journal of Hydrology AU - Huang, Shengzhi AU - Huang, Qiang AU - Chang, Jianxia AU - Zhu, Yuelu AU - Leng, Guoyong AU - Xing, Li Y1 - 2015/11// PY - 2015 DA - November 2015 SP - 127 EP - 136 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 530 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - integrated drought index KW - Loess Plateau KW - Far East KW - statistical analysis KW - rivers and streams KW - Mann-Kendall test KW - tributaries KW - recovery KW - environmental effects KW - Huang He KW - drought KW - El Nino Southern Oscillation KW - wavelets KW - streamflow KW - standardized drought index KW - multivariate analysis KW - cross wavelet analysis KW - Tibetan Plateau KW - mathematical methods KW - drainage basins KW - seasonal variations KW - Asia KW - China KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1765875290?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Drought+structure+based+on+a+nonparametric+multivariate+standardized+drought+index+across+the+Yellow+River+basin%2C+China&rft.au=Huang%2C+Shengzhi%3BHuang%2C+Qiang%3BChang%2C+Jianxia%3BZhu%2C+Yuelu%3BLeng%2C+Guoyong%3BXing%2C+Li&rft.aulast=Huang&rft.aufirst=Shengzhi&rft.date=2015-11-01&rft.volume=530&rft.issue=&rft.spage=127&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jhydrol.2015.09.042 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00221694 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 45 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch maps N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-18 N1 - CODEN - JHYDA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; China; cross wavelet analysis; drainage basins; drought; El Nino Southern Oscillation; environmental effects; Far East; Huang He; integrated drought index; Loess Plateau; Mann-Kendall test; mathematical methods; multivariate analysis; recovery; rivers and streams; seasonal variations; standardized drought index; statistical analysis; streamflow; Tibetan Plateau; tributaries; wavelets DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2015.09.042 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The initial dissolution rates of simulated UK Magnox-ThORP blend nuclear waste glass as a function of pH, temperature and waste loading AN - 1756505494; 2016-007605 AB - The first comprehensive assessment of the dissolution kinetics of simulant Magnox-ThORP blended UK high-level waste glass, obtained by performing a range of single-pass flow-through experiments, is reported here. Inherent forward rates of glass dissolution were determined over a temperature range of 23 to 70 degrees C and an alkaline pH range of 8.0 to 12.0. Linear regression techniques were applied to the TST kinetic rate law to obtain fundamental parameters necessary to model the dissolution kinetics of UK high-level waste glass (the activation energy (Ea), pH power law coefficient (eta ) and the intrinsic rate constant (k (sub 0) )), which is of importance to the post-closure safety case for the geological disposal of vitreous products. The activation energies based on B release ranged from 55+ or -3 to 83+ or -9 kJ mol (super -1) , indicating that Magnox-THORP blend glass dissolution has a surface-controlled mechanism, similar to that of other high-level waste simulant glass compositions such as the French SON68 and LAW in the US. Forward dissolution rates, based on Si, B and Na release, suggested that the dissolution mechanism under dilute conditions, and pH and temperature ranges of this study, was not sensitive to composition as defined by HLW-incorporation rate. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Cassingham, N AU - Corkhill, C L AU - Backhouse, D J AU - Hand, R J AU - Ryan, J V AU - Vienna, J D AU - Hyatt, N C AU - Morris, Katherine AU - Bryan, Mick D AU - Evans, Nicholas D M AU - Kowe, Raymond Y1 - 2015/11// PY - 2015 DA - November 2015 SP - 1529 EP - 1542 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 79 IS - 6 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - high-level waste KW - Western Europe KW - mechanism KW - Europe KW - solution KW - simulation KW - United Kingdom KW - temperature KW - radioactive waste KW - waste disposal KW - kinetics KW - glass materials KW - pH KW - Magnox KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756505494?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=The+initial+dissolution+rates+of+simulated+UK+Magnox-ThORP+blend+nuclear+waste+glass+as+a+function+of+pH%2C+temperature+and+waste+loading&rft.au=Cassingham%2C+N%3BCorkhill%2C+C+L%3BBackhouse%2C+D+J%3BHand%2C+R+J%3BRyan%2C+J+V%3BVienna%2C+J+D%3BHyatt%2C+N+C%3BMorris%2C+Katherine%3BBryan%2C+Mick+D%3BEvans%2C+Nicholas+D+M%3BKowe%2C+Raymond&rft.aulast=Cassingham&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2015-11-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1529&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1180%2Fminmag.2015.079.6.28 L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - First IGD-TP geodisposal conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 37 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - CODEN - MNLMBB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Europe; glass materials; high-level waste; kinetics; Magnox; mechanism; pH; radioactive waste; simulation; solution; temperature; United Kingdom; waste disposal; Western Europe DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2015.079.6.28 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterizing mineralogy and redox reactivity in potential host rocks for a UK geological disposal facility AN - 1756504305; 2016-007588 AB - Geological disposal facilities (GDF) are intended to isolate and contain radioactive waste within multiple protective barriers, deep underground, to ensure that no harmful quantities of radioactivity reach the surface environment. The last line of defense in a multi-barrier GDF is the geosphere, where iron is present in the host rock mineralogy as either Fe(II) or Fe(III), and in groundwater as Fe(II) under reducing conditions. The mobility of risk-driving radionuclides, including uranium and technetium, in the environment is affected significantly by their valence state. Due to its low redox potential, Fe(II) can mediate reduction of these radionuclides from their oxidized, highly mobile, soluble state to their reduced, insoluble state, preventing them from reaching the biosphere. Here a study of five types of potential host rocks, two granitoids, an andesite, a mudstone and a clay-rich carbonate, is reported. The bulk rocks and their minerals were analysed for iron content, Fe(II/III) ratio, and for the speciation and fine-grained nature of alteration product minerals that might have important controls on groundwater interaction. Total iron content varies between 0.9% in clays to 5.6% in the andesite. X-ray absorption spectroscopy reveals that Fe in the granitoids and andesite is predominantly Fe(II), and in mudstones, argillaceous limestone and terrestrial sandstone is predominantly Fe(III). The redox reactivity of the potential host rocks both in the presence and absence of Fe(II)-containing 'model' groundwater was investigated using an azo dye as a probe molecule. Reduction rates as determined by reactivity with the azo dye were correlated with the ability of the rocks to uptake Fe(II) from groundwater rather than with initial Fe(II) content. Potential GDF host rocks must be characterized in terms of mineralogy, texture, grain size and bulk geochemistry to assess how they might interact with groundwater. This study highlights the importance of redox reactivity, not just total iron and Fe(II)/(III) ratio, when considering the host rock performance as a barrier material to limit transport of radionuclides from the GDF. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Quirke, J AU - Henderson, C M B AU - Pattrick, R A D AU - Rosso, K M AU - Dent, A AU - Sharples, J W AU - Pearce, Carolyn I AU - Morris, Katherine AU - Bryan, Mick D AU - Evans, Nicholas D M AU - Kowe, Raymond Y1 - 2015/11// PY - 2015 DA - November 2015 SP - 1353 EP - 1367 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 79 IS - 6 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - Upper Ordovician KW - limestone KW - clay KW - Caradocian KW - andesites KW - volcanic rocks KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - site exploration KW - igneous rocks KW - granites KW - Europe KW - iron KW - radioactive waste KW - electron probe data KW - XANES spectra KW - Ordovician KW - sedimentary rocks KW - plutonic rocks KW - mineral composition KW - sediments KW - Eskdale Intrusions KW - spectra KW - reduction KW - EPR spectra KW - Eh KW - Western Europe KW - mudstone KW - iron minerals KW - Jurassic KW - clastic sediments KW - Paleozoic KW - host rocks KW - X-ray spectra KW - United Kingdom KW - Mesozoic KW - ferrous iron KW - metals KW - waste disposal KW - carbonate rocks KW - clastic rocks KW - underground disposal KW - Borrowdale Volcanic Group KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756504305?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Characterizing+mineralogy+and+redox+reactivity+in+potential+host+rocks+for+a+UK+geological+disposal+facility&rft.au=Quirke%2C+J%3BHenderson%2C+C+M+B%3BPattrick%2C+R+A+D%3BRosso%2C+K+M%3BDent%2C+A%3BSharples%2C+J+W%3BPearce%2C+Carolyn+I%3BMorris%2C+Katherine%3BBryan%2C+Mick+D%3BEvans%2C+Nicholas+D+M%3BKowe%2C+Raymond&rft.aulast=Quirke&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2015-11-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1353&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1180%2Fminmag.2015.079.6.11 L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - First IGD-TP geodisposal conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 28 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - CODEN - MNLMBB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - andesites; Borrowdale Volcanic Group; Caradocian; carbonate rocks; clastic rocks; clastic sediments; clay; Eh; electron probe data; EPR spectra; Eskdale Intrusions; Europe; ferrous iron; granites; host rocks; igneous rocks; iron; iron minerals; Jurassic; limestone; Mesozoic; metals; mineral composition; mudstone; Ordovician; Paleozoic; plutonic rocks; radioactive waste; reduction; sedimentary rocks; sediments; site exploration; spectra; underground disposal; United Kingdom; Upper Ordovician; volcanic rocks; waste disposal; Western Europe; X-ray diffraction data; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2015.079.6.11 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In Situ-Grown ZnCo2O4 on Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes as Air Electrode Materials for Rechargeable Lithium-Oxygen Batteries. AN - 1731793285; 26457378 AB - The development of highly efficient catalysts is critical for the practical application of lithium-oxygen (Li-O2) batteries. Nanosheet-assembled ZnCo2O4 (ZCO) microspheres and thin films grown in situ on single-walled carbon nanotube (ZCO/SWCNT) composites as high-performance air electrode materials for Li-O2 batteries are reported. The in situ grown ZCO/SWCNT electrodes delivered high discharge capacities, decreased the onset of the oxygen evolution reaction by 0.9 V during the charging process, and led to longer cycling stability. These results indicate that in situ grown ZCO/SWCNT composites can be used as highly efficient air electrode materials for oxygen reduction and evolution reactions. The enhanced catalytic activity displayed by the uniformly dispersed ZCO catalyst on nanostructured electrodes is expected to inspire further development of other catalyzed electrodes for Li-O2 batteries and other applications. JF - ChemSusChem AU - Liu, Bin AU - Xu, Wu AU - Yan, Pengfei AU - Bhattacharya, Priyanka AU - Cao, Ruiguo AU - Bowden, Mark E AU - Engelhard, Mark H AU - Wang, Chong-Min AU - Zhang, Ji-Guang AD - Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99354, USA. ; Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99354, USA. wu.xu@pnnl.gov. ; Environmental and Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99354, USA. ; Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99354, USA. jiguang.zhang@pnnl.gov. Y1 - 2015/11// PY - 2015 DA - November 2015 SP - 3697 EP - 3703 VL - 8 IS - 21 KW - Nanotubes, Carbon KW - 0 KW - Zinc Compounds KW - Cobalt KW - 3G0H8C9362 KW - Lithium KW - 9FN79X2M3F KW - Oxygen KW - S88TT14065 KW - Index Medicus KW - heterogeneous catalysis KW - lithium KW - carbon KW - electrochemistry KW - nanostructures KW - Microscopy, Electron, Transmission KW - X-Ray Diffraction KW - Electrodes KW - Microspheres KW - Surface Properties KW - Microscopy, Electron, Scanning KW - Catalysis KW - Nanotubes, Carbon -- chemistry KW - Electric Power Supplies KW - Zinc Compounds -- chemical synthesis KW - Cobalt -- chemistry KW - Zinc Compounds -- chemistry KW - Lithium -- chemistry KW - Oxygen -- chemistry KW - Nanocomposites -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1731793285?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ChemSusChem&rft.atitle=In%E2%80%85Situ-Grown+ZnCo2O4+on+Single-Walled+Carbon+Nanotubes+as+Air+Electrode+Materials+for+Rechargeable+Lithium-Oxygen+Batteries.&rft.au=Liu%2C+Bin%3BXu%2C+Wu%3BYan%2C+Pengfei%3BBhattacharya%2C+Priyanka%3BCao%2C+Ruiguo%3BBowden%2C+Mark+E%3BEngelhard%2C+Mark+H%3BWang%2C+Chong-Min%3BZhang%2C+Ji-Guang&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Bin&rft.date=2015-11-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=3697&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ChemSusChem&rft.issn=1864-564X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fcssc.201500636 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-09-20 N1 - Date created - 2015-11-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cssc.201500636 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Occupant perceptions and a health outcome in retail stores AN - 1712562831; PQ0001933648 AB - Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) in commercial buildings, such as retail stores, can affect employee satisfaction, productivity, and health. This study administered an IEQ survey to retail employees and found correlations between measured IEQ parameters and the survey responses. The survey included 611 employees in 14 retail stores located in Pennsylvania (climate zone 5A) and Texas (climate zone 2A). The survey questionnaire featured ratings of different aspects of IEQ, including thermal comfort, lighting and noise level, indoor smells, overall cleanness, and environmental quality. Simultaneously with the survey, on-site physical measurements were taken to collect data of relative humidity levels, air exchange rates, dry bulb temperatures, and contaminant concentrations. This data was analyzed using multinomial logit regression with independent variables being the measured IEQ parameters, employees' gender, and age. This study found that employee perception of stuffy smells is related to formaldehyde and PM10 concentrations. Furthermore, the survey also asked the employees to report an annual frequency of common colds as a health indicator. The regression analysis showed that the cold frequency statistically correlates with the measured air exchange rates, outdoor temperatures, and indoor PM2.5 concentrations. Overall, the air exchange rate is the most influential parameter on the employee perception of the overall environmental quality and self-reported health outcome. JF - Building and Environment AU - Zhao, Mingjie AU - Kim, Yang-Seon AU - Srebric, Jelena AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA Y1 - 2015/11// PY - 2015 DA - Nov 2015 SP - 385 EP - 394 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX United Kingdom VL - 93 SN - 0360-1323, 0360-1323 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Indoor environmental quality KW - Retail stores KW - Survey KW - Field study KW - Occupant perceptions KW - Common cold KW - Particle size KW - Age KW - Climate KW - Temperature KW - Noise levels KW - Humidity KW - Lighting KW - Formaldehyde KW - Buildings KW - ASW, USA, Texas KW - Perception KW - USA, Pennsylvania KW - Gender KW - Environmental quality KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1712562831?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Building+and+Environment&rft.atitle=Occupant+perceptions+and+a+health+outcome+in+retail+stores&rft.au=Zhao%2C+Mingjie%3BKim%2C+Yang-Seon%3BSrebric%2C+Jelena&rft.aulast=Zhao&rft.aufirst=Mingjie&rft.date=2015-11-01&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=&rft.spage=385&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Building+and+Environment&rft.issn=03601323&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.buildenv.2015.05.039 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Particle size; Age; Perception; Gender; Climate; Noise levels; Temperature; Formaldehyde; Lighting; Humidity; Environmental quality; Buildings; ASW, USA, Texas; USA, Pennsylvania DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2015.05.039 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 24-hour human urine and serum profiles of bisphenol A: Evidence against sublingual absorption following ingestion in soup. AN - 1717472907; 25620055 AB - Extensive first-pass metabolism of ingested bisphenol A (BPA) in the gastro-intestinal tract and liver restricts blood concentrations of bioactive BPA to <1% of total BPA in humans and non-human primates. Absorption of ingested BPA through non-metabolizing tissues of the oral cavity, recently demonstrated in dogs, could lead to the higher serum BPA concentrations reported in some human biomonitoring studies. We hypothesized that the extensive interaction with the oral mucosa by a liquid matrix, like soup, relative to solid food or capsules, might enhance absorption through non-metabolizing oral cavity tissues in humans, producing higher bioavailability and higher serum BPA concentrations. Concurrent serum and urine concentrations of d6-BPA, and its glucuronide and sulfate conjugates, were measured over a 24hour period in 10 adult male volunteers following ingestion of 30μg d6-BPA/kg body weight in soup. Absorption of d6-BPA was rapid (t1/2=0.45h) and elimination of the administered dose was complete 24h post-ingestion, evidence against any tissue depot for BPA. The maximum serum d6-BPA concentration was 0.43nM at 1.6h after administration and represented <0.3% of total d6-BPA. Pharmacokinetic parameters, pharmacokinetic model simulations, and the significantly faster appearance half-life of d6-BPA-glucuronide compared to d6-BPA (0.29h vs 0.45h) were evidence against meaningful absorption of BPA in humans through any non-metabolizing tissue (<1%). This study confirms that typical exposure to BPA in food produces picomolar to subpicomolar serum BPA concentrations in humans, not nM concentrations reported in some biomonitoring studies. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Teeguarden, Justin G AU - Twaddle, Nathan C AU - Churchwell, Mona I AU - Yang, Xiaoxia AU - Fisher, Jeffrey W AU - Seryak, Liesel M AU - Doerge, Daniel R AD - Health Effects and Exposure Science, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 93771, USA. Electronic address: jt@pnl.gov. ; Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA. Electronic address: nathan.twaddle@fda.hhs.gov. ; Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA. Electronic address: mona.churchwell@fda.hhs.gov. ; Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA. Electronic address: xiaoxia.yang@fda.hhs.gov. ; Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA. Electronic address: jeffrey.fisher@fda.hhs.gov. ; Division of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA. Electronic address: seryak.2@osu.edu. ; Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA. Electronic address: daniel.doerge@fda.hhs.gov. Y1 - 2015/10/15/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Oct 15 SP - 131 EP - 142 VL - 288 IS - 2 KW - Benzhydryl Compounds KW - 0 KW - Endocrine Disruptors KW - Glucuronides KW - Phenols KW - Sulfates KW - bisphenol A glucuronide KW - bisphenol A KW - MLT3645I99 KW - Index Medicus KW - Bisphenol A KW - Oral KW - Sublingual KW - Exposure KW - Endocrine disruptors KW - Pharmacokinetics KW - Administration, Oral KW - Young Adult KW - Humans KW - Metabolic Clearance Rate KW - Models, Biological KW - Renal Elimination KW - Half-Life KW - Biotransformation KW - Sulfates -- blood KW - Adult KW - Middle Aged KW - Sulfates -- urine KW - Glucuronides -- blood KW - Glucuronides -- urine KW - Male KW - Phenols -- administration & dosage KW - Endocrine Disruptors -- blood KW - Benzhydryl Compounds -- pharmacokinetics KW - Phenols -- blood KW - Phenols -- pharmacokinetics KW - Food Contamination KW - Endocrine Disruptors -- urine KW - Benzhydryl Compounds -- blood KW - Endocrine Disruptors -- pharmacokinetics KW - Endocrine Disruptors -- administration & dosage KW - Phenols -- urine KW - Oral Mucosal Absorption KW - Mouth Mucosa -- metabolism KW - Benzhydryl Compounds -- administration & dosage KW - Benzhydryl Compounds -- urine UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1717472907?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=24-hour+human+urine+and+serum+profiles+of+bisphenol+A%3A+Evidence+against+sublingual+absorption+following+ingestion+in+soup.&rft.au=Teeguarden%2C+Justin+G%3BTwaddle%2C+Nathan+C%3BChurchwell%2C+Mona+I%3BYang%2C+Xiaoxia%3BFisher%2C+Jeffrey+W%3BSeryak%2C+Liesel+M%3BDoerge%2C+Daniel+R&rft.aulast=Teeguarden&rft.aufirst=Justin&rft.date=2015-10-15&rft.volume=288&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=131&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=1096-0333&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.taap.2015.01.009 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-01-13 N1 - Date created - 2015-09-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2015.01.009 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Release and control of hydrogen sulfide during sludge thermal drying. AN - 1686994731; 25913672 AB - The release of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) during sludge drying is a major environmental problem because of its toxicity to human health. A series of experiments were performed to investigate the mechanisms and factors controlling the H2S release. Results of this study show that: (1) the biomass and activity of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) in sludge were the major factors controlling the amount of H2S release, (2) the sludge drying temperature had an important effect on both the extent and the timing of H2S release from the sludge, and (3) decreasing sludge pH increased the H2S release. Based on the findings from this study, a new system that integrates sludge drying and H2S gas treatment was developed, by which 97.5% of H2S and 99.7% of smoke released from sludge treatments was eliminated. JF - Journal of hazardous materials AU - Weng, Huanxin AU - Dai, Zhixi AU - Ji, Zhongqiang AU - Gao, Caixia AU - Liu, Chongxuan AD - Institute of Environment & Biogeochemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, PR China. Electronic address: gswenghx@zju.edu.cn. ; Institute of Environment & Biogeochemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, PR China. ; China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, PR China; Geochemistry, Fundamental and Computational Science Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, USA. Electronic address: chongxuan.liu@pnnl.gov. Y1 - 2015/10/15/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Oct 15 SP - 61 EP - 67 VL - 296 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Sewage KW - Hydrogen Sulfide KW - YY9FVM7NSN KW - Index Medicus KW - Sludge drying KW - H(2)S release KW - Sewage sludge KW - Sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) KW - Sulfur-Reducing Bacteria -- growth & development KW - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration KW - Temperature KW - Biomass KW - Waste Disposal, Fluid -- standards KW - Sewage -- microbiology KW - Waste Disposal, Fluid -- methods KW - Sewage -- chemistry KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis KW - Hydrogen Sulfide -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1686994731?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+hazardous+materials&rft.atitle=Release+and+control+of+hydrogen+sulfide+during+sludge+thermal+drying.&rft.au=Weng%2C+Huanxin%3BDai%2C+Zhixi%3BJi%2C+Zhongqiang%3BGao%2C+Caixia%3BLiu%2C+Chongxuan&rft.aulast=Weng&rft.aufirst=Huanxin&rft.date=2015-10-15&rft.volume=296&rft.issue=&rft.spage=61&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+hazardous+materials&rft.issn=1873-3336&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jhazmat.2015.04.037 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-05-17 N1 - Date created - 2015-06-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.04.037 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biogenic carbon fluxes from global agricultural production and consumption AN - 1780804275; 2016-034271 AB - Quantification of biogenic carbon fluxes from agricultural lands is needed to generate comprehensive bottom-up estimates of net carbon exchange for global and regional carbon monitoring. We estimated global agricultural carbon fluxes associated with annual crop net primary production (NPP), harvested biomass, and consumption of biomass by humans and livestock. These estimates were combined for a single estimate of net carbon exchange and spatially distributed to 0.05 degrees resolution using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer satellite land cover data. Global crop NPP in 2011 was estimated at 5.25 + or - 0.46 Pg C yr (super -1) , of which 2.05 + or - 0.05 Pg C yr (super -1) was harvested and 0.54 Pg C yr (super -1) was collected from crop residues for livestock fodder. Total livestock feed intake in 2011 was 2.42 + or - 0.21 Pg C yr (super -1) , of which 2.31 + or - 0.21 Pg C yr (super -1) was emitted as CO (sub 2) , 0.07 + or - 0.01 Pg C yr (super -1) was emitted as CH (sub 4) , and 0.04 Pg C yr (super -1) was contained within milk and egg production. Livestock grazed an estimated 1.27 Pg C yr (super -1) in 2011, which constituted 52.4% of total feed intake. Global human food intake was 0.57 + or - 0.03 Pg C yr (super -1) in 2011, the majority of which was respired as CO (sub 2) . Completed global cropland carbon budgets accounted for the ultimate use of approximately 80% of harvested biomass. The spatial distribution of these fluxes may be used for global carbon monitoring, estimation of regional uncertainty, and for use as input to Earth system models. Abstract Copyright Published 2015. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. JF - Global Biogeochemical Cycles AU - Wolf, Julie AU - West, Tristram O AU - Le Page, Yannick AU - Kyle, G Page AU - Zhang, Xuesong AU - Collatz, G James AU - Imhoff, Marc L Y1 - 2015/10// PY - 2015 DA - October 2015 SP - 1617 EP - 1639 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 29 IS - 10 SN - 0886-6236, 0886-6236 KW - monitoring KW - methane KW - human activity KW - consumption KW - global KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - agriculture KW - alkanes KW - production KW - geochemical cycle KW - carbon dioxide KW - organic compounds KW - biogenic processes KW - quantitative analysis KW - carbon KW - hydrocarbons KW - greenhouse gases KW - carbon cycle KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1780804275?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+Biogeochemical+Cycles&rft.atitle=Biogenic+carbon+fluxes+from+global+agricultural+production+and+consumption&rft.au=Wolf%2C+Julie%3BWest%2C+Tristram+O%3BLe+Page%2C+Yannick%3BKyle%2C+G+Page%3BZhang%2C+Xuesong%3BCollatz%2C+G+James%3BImhoff%2C+Marc+L&rft.aulast=Wolf&rft.aufirst=Julie&rft.date=2015-10-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1617&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+Biogeochemical+Cycles&rft.issn=08866236&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2015GB005119 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/gb/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 90 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 8 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agriculture; aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; biogenic processes; carbon; carbon cycle; carbon dioxide; consumption; geochemical cycle; global; greenhouse gases; human activity; hydrocarbons; methane; monitoring; organic compounds; production; quantitative analysis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015GB005119 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A New Method of Comparing Forcing Agents in Climate Models* AN - 1727670824; PQ0002192484 AB - The authors describe a new method of comparing different climate forcing agents (e.g., CO sub(2) concentration, CH sub(4) concentration, and total solar irradiance) in climate models that circumvents many of the difficulties associated with explicit calculations of efficacy. This is achieved by introducing an explicit feedback loop external to a climate model that adjusts one forcing agent to balance another while keeping global-mean surface temperature constant. The convergence time of this feedback loop can be adjusted, allowing for comparisons of forcing agents to be achieved with relatively short simulations. Comparisons between forcing agents are highly linear in concordance with predicted scaling relationships; for example, the global-mean climate response to a doubling of the CO sub(2) concentration is equivalent to that of a 2.1% change in total solar irradiance. This result is independent of the magnitude of the forcing agent (within the range of radiative forcings considered here) and is consistent across two different climate models. JF - Journal of Climate AU - Kravitz, Ben AU - MacMartin, Douglas G AU - Rasch, Philip J AU - Jarvis, Andrew J AD - Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington Y1 - 2015/10// PY - 2015 DA - October 2015 SP - 8203 EP - 8218 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 United States VL - 28 IS - 20 SN - 0894-8755, 0894-8755 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Physical Meteorology and Climatology KW - Climate sensitivity KW - Feedback KW - Forcing KW - Radiative forcing KW - Models and modeling KW - Coupled models KW - Temperature effects KW - Surface temperatures KW - Climate models KW - Climates KW - Climate change KW - Temperature KW - Simulation KW - Model Studies KW - Solar irradiance KW - Methodology KW - Agents KW - Numerical simulations KW - Convergence KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Scaling KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - Modelling KW - Q2 09242:Observations and measurements at sea KW - SW 0810:General KW - M2 551.581:Latitudinal Influences (551.581) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1727670824?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Climate&rft.atitle=A+New+Method+of+Comparing+Forcing+Agents+in+Climate+Models*&rft.au=Kravitz%2C+Ben%3BMacMartin%2C+Douglas+G%3BRasch%2C+Philip+J%3BJarvis%2C+Andrew+J&rft.aulast=Kravitz&rft.aufirst=Ben&rft.date=2015-10-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=20&rft.spage=8203&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Climate&rft.issn=08948755&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2FJCLI-D-14-00663.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 39 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Agents; Temperature effects; Climate change; Simulation; Carbon dioxide; Modelling; Methodology; Surface temperatures; Radiative forcing; Climate models; Numerical simulations; Convergence; Solar irradiance; Climates; Temperature; Scaling; Carbon Dioxide; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00663.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geophysical Monitoring of Ground Surface Deformation Associated with a Confined Aquifer Storage and Recovery Operation AN - 1722178313; PQ0002072382 AB - One important issue in the storage of large volumes of fluids, mainly water and CO sub(2), in the deep subsurface is to determine the resulting field-scale-induced displacements and consequences of overpressures on the mechanical integrity of the storage reservoir and surroundings. A quantifiable estimation of displacement can be made by combining the robust, cost-effective, and repeatable geophysical techniques of micro-gravimetry, differential global positioning system (DGPS), and differential synthetic aperture radar interferometry (DInSAR). These techniques were field tested and evaluated for the first time on an active large-volume aquifer storage and recovery (ASR) project in Pendleton, Oregon, USA, where three ASR wells are injecting up to 1.9 million m super(3) year super(-1) into basalt aquifers to a depth of about 150 m. Injection and recovery of water at the wells are accompanied by significant gravity anomalies and vertical deformation of the ground surface localized to the immediate surroundings of the injection wells as evidenced by DGPS and gravity measurements collected in 2011. At a larger scale, and between 2011 and 2013, DInSAR monitoring of the Pendleton area shows sub-centimetric deformation in the western part of the city and close to the injection locations associated with ASR cycle. Deformations are found to be temporally out phased with the injection and recovery events due to complex groundwater flow. A numerical simulation of the effect of the water injection gives results in good agreement with the observations and confirms the validity of the approach, which could be deployed in similar geological contexts to look at the mechanical effects of water and gas injections. JF - Water Resources Management AU - Bonneville, Alain AU - Heggy, Essam AU - Strickland, Christopher AU - Normand, Jonathan AU - Dermond, Jeffrey AU - Fang, Yilin AU - Sullivan, Charlotte AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MSIN K6-84, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA, 99352, USA, alain.bonneville@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2015/10// PY - 2015 DA - October 2015 SP - 4667 EP - 4682 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 29 IS - 13 SN - 0920-4741, 0920-4741 KW - Environment Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Aquifer KW - Reservoir KW - Water resources KW - Injection KW - Economics KW - Geophysics KW - Interferometry KW - Reservoirs KW - Injection wells KW - Synthetic aperture radar interferometry KW - Storage KW - INE, USA, Oregon KW - Numerical simulations KW - Water management KW - Synthetic aperture radar KW - Gravity anomalies KW - Monitoring KW - Groundwater KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Aquifers KW - Confined aquifers KW - Aquifer storage KW - Basalts KW - Geology KW - Deformation KW - Water resources management KW - Groundwater flow KW - Simulation KW - Radar KW - Aquifer Testing KW - Groundwater Movement KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0810:General KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - ENA 16:Renewable Resources-Water KW - M2 556.14:Infiltration/Soil Moisture (556.14) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1722178313?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Management&rft.atitle=Geophysical+Monitoring+of+Ground+Surface+Deformation+Associated+with+a+Confined+Aquifer+Storage+and+Recovery+Operation&rft.au=Bonneville%2C+Alain%3BHeggy%2C+Essam%3BStrickland%2C+Christopher%3BNormand%2C+Jonathan%3BDermond%2C+Jeffrey%3BFang%2C+Yilin%3BSullivan%2C+Charlotte&rft.aulast=Bonneville&rft.aufirst=Alain&rft.date=2015-10-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=4667&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Management&rft.issn=09204741&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11269-015-1083-y LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Reservoir; Aquifer; Synthetic aperture radar; Water management; Gravity anomalies; Water resources; Carbon dioxide; Basalts; Deformation; Aquifers; Water resources management; Numerical simulations; Synthetic aperture radar interferometry; Groundwater flow; Confined aquifers; Aquifer storage; Reservoirs; Injection wells; Simulation; Storage; Economics; Radar; Geology; Geophysics; Interferometry; Groundwater; Aquifer Testing; Monitoring; Groundwater Movement; Injection; INE, USA, Oregon DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11269-015-1083-y ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ligand-Specific Transcriptional Mechanisms Underlie Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor-Mediated Developmental Toxicity of Oxygenated PAHs. AN - 1716937882; 26141390 AB - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are priority environmental contaminants that exhibit mutagenic, carcinogenic, proinflammatory, and teratogenic properties. Oxygen-substituted PAHs (OPAHs) are formed during combustion processes and via phototoxidation and biological degradation of parent (unsubstituted) PAHs. Despite their prevalence both in contaminated industrial sites and in urban air, OPAH mechanisms of action in biological systems are relatively understudied. Like parent PAHs, OPAHs exert structure-dependent mutagenic activities and activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) and cytochrome p450 metabolic pathway. Four-ring OPAHs 1,9-benz-10-anthrone (BEZO) and benz(a)anthracene-7,12-dione (7,12-B[a]AQ) cause morphological aberrations and induce markers of oxidative stress in developing zebrafish with similar potency, but only 7,12-B[a]AQ induces robust Cyp1a protein expression. We investigated the role of the AHR in mediating the toxicity of BEZO and 7,12-B[a]AQ, and found that knockdown of AHR2 rescued developmental effects caused by both compounds. Using RNA-seq and molecular docking, we identified transcriptional responses that precede developmental toxicity induced via differential interaction with AHR2. Redox-homeostasis genes were affected similarly by these OPAHs, while 7,12-B[a]AQ preferentially activated phase 1 metabolism and BEZO uniquely decreased visual system genes. Analysis of biological functions and upstream regulators suggests that BEZO is a weak AHR agonist, but interacts with other transcriptional regulators to cause developmental toxicity in an AHR-dependent manner. Identifying ligand-dependent AHR interactions and signaling pathways is essential for understanding toxicity of this class of environmentally relevant compounds. JF - Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Goodale, B C AU - La Du, J AU - Tilton, S C AU - Sullivan, C M AU - Bisson, W H AU - Waters, K M AU - Tanguay, R L AD - *Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, The Environmental Health Sciences Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97330; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755; ; *Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, The Environmental Health Sciences Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97330; ; *Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, The Environmental Health Sciences Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97330; Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354; ; *Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, The Environmental Health Sciences Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97330; Center for Genome Research and Biocomputing, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97330. ; Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354; ; *Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, The Environmental Health Sciences Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97330; robert.tanguay@oregonstate.edu. Y1 - 2015/10// PY - 2015 DA - October 2015 SP - 397 EP - 411 VL - 147 IS - 2 KW - 1,9-benz-10-anthrone KW - 0 KW - Benz(a)Anthracenes KW - Ligands KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons KW - Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon KW - 7,12-benz(a)anthraquinone KW - BL89U5YZBK KW - Index Medicus KW - RNA-seq KW - aryl hydrocarbon receptor KW - zebrafish KW - benzanthrone KW - OPAH KW - benz(a)anthracene-7,12-dione KW - Gene Expression Profiling KW - Animals KW - Transcription, Genetic -- drug effects KW - Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Fluorescent Antibody Technique KW - Zebrafish KW - Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon -- drug effects KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons -- toxicity KW - Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon -- metabolism KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons -- metabolism KW - Benz(a)Anthracenes -- toxicity KW - Benz(a)Anthracenes -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1716937882?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+sciences+%3A+an+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Ligand-Specific+Transcriptional+Mechanisms+Underlie+Aryl+Hydrocarbon+Receptor-Mediated+Developmental+Toxicity+of+Oxygenated+PAHs.&rft.au=Goodale%2C+B+C%3BLa+Du%2C+J%3BTilton%2C+S+C%3BSullivan%2C+C+M%3BBisson%2C+W+H%3BWaters%2C+K+M%3BTanguay%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Goodale&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2015-10-01&rft.volume=147&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=397&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+sciences+%3A+an+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=1096-0929&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Ftoxsci%2Fkfv139 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-07-19 N1 - Date created - 2015-09-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 2000;40:519-61 [10836146] Immunobiology. 2015 Mar;220(3):369-81 [25454808] Arch Toxicol. 2001 Jun;75(4):221-6 [11482520] Development. 2001 Sep;128(18):3511-20 [11566856] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2001 Dec 15;177(3):264-71 [11749126] Mol Pharmacol. 2002 Mar;61(3):507-15 [11854430] Environ Health Perspect. 2002 Jun;110 Suppl 3:451-88 [12060843] Biochem Pharmacol. 2002 Sep;64(5-6):771-80 [12213569] Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol. 2002 Sep;133(1):55-68 [12223212] Nucleic Acids Res. 2001 May 1;29(9):e45 [11328886] Arch Toxicol. 2003 Feb;77(2):94-9 [12590361] Genome Res. 2003 Nov;13(11):2498-504 [14597658] Mol Pharmacol. 2004 Sep;66(3):512-21 [15322242] EMBO J. 1992 Oct;11(10):3663-71 [1356762] J Biol Chem. 1994 Feb 11;269(6):3985-90 [8307954] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1994 Apr;22(3):447-56 [8050639] J Pharm Sci. 1995 Jan;84(1):83-92 [7714751] Dev Dyn. 1995 Jul;203(3):253-310 [8589427] Mutat Res. 1996 Dec 20;371(3-4):123-57 [9008716] J Biol Chem. 1999 Jan 1;274(1):510-5 [9867872] Neurotoxicol Teratol. 2006 Jul-Aug;28(4):497-508 [16904866] Chemosphere. 2006 Nov;65(8):1288-94 [16735053] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2006 Dec 15;217(3):308-21 [17112560] Toxicol Sci. 2007 Nov;100(1):180-93 [17686920] Ambio. 2007 Sep;36(6):475-85 [17985702] Biochem Pharmacol. 2008 Jan 15;75(2):580-8 [17959153] Mol Pharmacol. 2008 Feb;73(2):387-98 [18000031] Crit Rev Eukaryot Gene Expr. 2008;18(3):207-50 [18540824] Bioinformatics. 2009 May 1;25(9):1105-11 [19289445] Toxicol Sci. 2009 Jun;109(2):217-27 [19233942] Methods Mol Biol. 2009;563:177-96 [19597786] Bioinformatics. 2010 Jan 1;26(1):139-40 [19910308] Chem Res Toxicol. 2010 Mar 15;23(3):480-7 [20055451] Genome Biol. 2010;11(2):R14 [20132535] Environ Toxicol Chem. 2010 Nov;29(11):2450-60 [20830751] Methods Mol Biol. 2011;691:271-9 [20972759] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2011 Aug 1;254(3):280-7 [21600235] Environ Health Perspect. 2011 Aug;119(8):1110-6 [21478082] Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2015 Jun;22(11):8329-38 [25532870] Oncogene. 2000 Nov 16;19(48):5498-506 [11114727] Environ Sci Technol. 2011 Aug 15;45(16):6887-95 [21766847] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2011 Dec 1;257(2):242-9 [21964300] BMC Bioinformatics. 2012;13:311 [23174015] J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2012 Aug;342(2):345-55 [22553215] J Hypertens. 2012 Oct;30(10):1961-9 [22871890] J Appl Toxicol. 2013 Jan;33(1):32-40 [21751222] Aquat Toxicol. 2013 Jun 15;134-135:57-65 [23587668] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2013 Sep 1;271(2):266-75 [23684558] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2013 Nov 1;272(3):656-70 [23656968] J Hazard Mater. 2013 Oct 15;261:172-80 [23921180] Stem Cells Dev. 2014 Jan 15;23(2):95-106 [24138668] Mol Cell Biol. 2014 May;34(9):1707-19 [24591650] Toxicol Sci. 2014 Jun;139(2):381-95 [24675095] Contact Dermatitis. 2014 Jul;71(1):54-7 [24924811] Aquat Toxicol. 2014 Sep;154:71-9 [24865613] Toxicol Sci. 2014 Sep;141(1):141-54 [25037585] Bioinformatics. 2015 Jan 15;31(2):166-9 [25260700] Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2015 Jun;36(6):395-405 [25930708] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfv139 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling of ethyl acetate and ethanol in rodents and humans. AN - 1712522920; 26297692 AB - A physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model was developed and applied to a metabolic series approach for the ethyl series (i.e., ethyl acetate, ethanol, acetaldehyde, and acetate). This approach bases toxicity information on dosimetry analyses for metabolically linked compounds using pharmacokinetic data for each compound and toxicity data for parent or individual compounds. In vivo pharmacokinetic studies of ethyl acetate and ethanol were conducted in rats following IV and inhalation exposure. Regardless of route, ethyl acetate was rapidly converted to ethanol. Blood concentrations of ethyl acetate and ethanol following both IV bolus and infusion suggested linear kinetics across blood concentrations from 0.1 to 10 mM ethyl acetate and 0.01-0.8 mM ethanol. Metabolic parameters were optimized and evaluated based on available pharmacokinetic data. The respiratory bioavailability of ethyl acetate and ethanol were estimated from closed chamber inhalation studies and measured ventilation rates. The resulting ethyl series model successfully reproduces blood ethyl acetate and ethanol kinetics following IV administration and inhalation exposure in rats, and blood ethanol kinetics following inhalation exposure to ethanol in humans. The extrapolated human model was used to derive human equivalent concentrations for the occupational setting of 257-2120 ppm ethyl acetate and 72-517 ppm ethyl acetate for continuous exposure, corresponding to rat LOAELs of 350 and 1500 ppm. JF - Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP AU - Crowell, S R AU - Smith, J N AU - Creim, J A AU - Faber, W AU - Teeguarden, J G AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States. Electronic address: crowell.susan@gene.com. ; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States. ; Willem Faber Toxicology Consulting, LLC, Victor, NY, United States. Y1 - 2015/10// PY - 2015 DA - October 2015 SP - 452 EP - 462 VL - 73 IS - 1 KW - Acetates KW - 0 KW - Ethanol KW - 3K9958V90M KW - ethyl acetate KW - 76845O8NMZ KW - Index Medicus KW - Metabolic series approach KW - Extrapolation KW - Ethyl acetate KW - Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling KW - Pharmacokinetics KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Kinetics KW - Inhalation Exposure KW - Humans KW - Pilot Projects KW - Administration, Inhalation KW - Models, Biological KW - Male KW - Biological Availability KW - Acetates -- pharmacokinetics KW - Ethanol -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1712522920?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.atitle=Physiologically+based+pharmacokinetic+modeling+of+ethyl+acetate+and+ethanol+in+rodents+and+humans.&rft.au=Crowell%2C+S+R%3BSmith%2C+J+N%3BCreim%2C+J+A%3BFaber%2C+W%3BTeeguarden%2C+J+G&rft.aulast=Crowell&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2015-10-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=452&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.issn=1096-0295&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.yrtph.2015.07.021 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-06-28 N1 - Date created - 2015-09-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yrtph.2015.07.021 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Isotopic tracer evidence for the amorphous calcium carbonate to calcite transformation by dissolution-reprecipitation AN - 1718053149; 2015-093867 AB - Observations that some biogenic and sedimentary calcites grow from amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) raise the question of how this mineralization process influences composition. However, the detailed pathway and geochemical consequences of the ACC to calcite transformation are not well constrained. This experimental study investigated the formation of calcite from ACC by using magnesium and calcium stable isotope labeling to directly probe the transformation pathway and controls on composition. Four processes were considered: dissolution-reprecipitation, solid state transformation, and combinations of these end-members. To distinguish between these scenarios, ACC was synthesized from natural isotope abundance solutions and subsequently transferred to spiked solutions that were enriched in (super 43) Ca and (super 25) Mg for the transformation to calcite. Isotope measurements by NanoSIMS determined the (super 43) Ca/ (super 40) Ca, and (super 25) Mg/ (super 24) Mg ratios of the resulting calcite crystals. Analysis of the data shows the transformation is best explained by a dissolution-reprecipitation process. We find that when a small amount of ACC is transferred, the isotopic signals in the resulting calcite are largely replaced by the composition of the surrounding spiked solution. When larger amounts of ACC are transferred, calcite compositions reflect a mixture between the ACC and initial solution end-member. Comparisons of the measurements to the predictions of a simple mixing model indicate that calcite compositions (1) are sensitive to relative amounts of ACC and the surrounding solution reservoir and (2) are primarily governed by the conditions at the time of ACC transformation rather than the initial ACC formation. Shifts in calcite composition over the duration of the transformation period reflect the progressive evolution of the local solution conditions. This dependence indicates the extent to which there is water available would change the end point composition on the mixing line. While these findings have significant geochemical implications, the question remains whether this transformation pathway is generally followed when biomineralization involves ACC or is particular to these inorganic experiments. Insights from this study nonetheless suggest that some types of compositional variability, such as "vital effects", may be explained in-part by a co-evolution of reservoir and products over the duration of the transformation. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Giuffre, Anthony J AU - Gagnon, Alexander C AU - de Yoreo, James J AU - Dove, Patricia M Y1 - 2015/09/15/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Sep 15 SP - 407 EP - 417 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 165 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - calcium KW - magnesium KW - Ca-40 KW - ion probe data KW - isotopes KW - Ca-43 KW - mass spectra KW - stable isotopes KW - mixing KW - Mg-25/Mg-24 KW - tracers KW - calcium carbonate KW - spectra KW - biomineralization KW - alkaline earth metals KW - experimental studies KW - amorphous materials KW - isotope ratios KW - biochemistry KW - electron microscopy data KW - solubility KW - biota KW - calcite KW - models KW - ICP mass spectra KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - NanoSIMS KW - transformations KW - crystal chemistry KW - nanoparticles KW - carbonates KW - SEM data KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1718053149?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Isotopic+tracer+evidence+for+the+amorphous+calcium+carbonate+to+calcite+transformation+by+dissolution-reprecipitation&rft.au=Giuffre%2C+Anthony+J%3BGagnon%2C+Alexander+C%3Bde+Yoreo%2C+James+J%3BDove%2C+Patricia+M&rft.aulast=Giuffre&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rft.date=2015-09-15&rft.volume=165&rft.issue=&rft.spage=407&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2015.06.002 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 69 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-01 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; amorphous materials; biochemistry; biomineralization; biota; Ca-40; Ca-43; calcite; calcium; calcium carbonate; carbonates; crystal chemistry; electron microscopy data; experimental studies; ICP mass spectra; ion probe data; isotope ratios; isotopes; magnesium; mass spectra; metals; Mg-25/Mg-24; mixing; models; nanoparticles; NanoSIMS; precipitation; SEM data; solubility; spectra; stable isotopes; tracers; transformations DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2015.06.002 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Multiscale methods for reactive transport in porous media T2 - 42nd International Congress of the International Association of Hydrologists (IAH 2015) AN - 1731761327; 6360938 JF - 42nd International Congress of the International Association of Hydrologists (IAH 2015) AU - Tartakovsky, Alexandre Y1 - 2015/09/13/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Sep 13 KW - Media (transport) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1731761327?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=42nd+International+Congress+of+the+International+Association+of+Hydrologists+%28IAH+2015%29&rft.atitle=Multiscale+methods+for+reactive+transport+in+porous+media&rft.au=Tartakovsky%2C+Alexandre&rft.aulast=Tartakovsky&rft.aufirst=Alexandre&rft.date=2015-09-13&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=42nd+International+Congress+of+the+International+Association+of+Hydrologists+%28IAH+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://www.aqua2015.com/programme.php LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-06 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-09 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hybrid multiscale simulation of a mixing-controlled reaction AN - 1869030827; 2017-009410 AB - Continuum-scale models, which employ a porous medium conceptualization to represent properties and processes averaged over a large number of solid grains and pore spaces, are widely used to study subsurface flow and reactive transport. Recently, pore-scale models, which explicitly resolve individual soil grains and pores, have been developed to more accurately model and study pore-scale phenomena, such as mineral precipitation and dissolution reactions, microbially-mediated surface reactions, and other complex processes. However, these highly-resolved models are prohibitively expensive for modeling domains of sizes relevant to practical problems. To broaden the utility of pore-scale models for larger domains, we developed a hybrid multiscale model that initially simulates the full domain at the continuum scale and applies a pore-scale model only to areas of high reactivity. Since the location and number of pore-scale model regions in the model varies as the reactions proceed, an adaptive script defines the number and location of pore regions within each continuum iteration and initializes pore-scale simulations from macroscale information. Another script communicates information from the pore-scale simulation results back to the continuum scale. These components provide loose coupling between the pore- and continuum-scale codes into a single hybrid multiscale model implemented within the SWIFT workflow environment. In this paper, we consider an irreversible homogeneous bimolecular reaction (two solutes reacting to form a third solute) in a 2D test problem. This paper is focused on the approach used for multiscale coupling between pore- and continuum-scale models, application to a realistic test problem, and implications of the results for predictive simulation of mixing-controlled reactions in porous media. Our results and analysis demonstrate that the hybrid multiscale method provides a feasible approach for increasing the accuracy of subsurface reactive transport simulations. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Advances in Water Resources AU - Scheibe, Timothy D AU - Schuchardt, Karen AU - Agarwal, Khushbu AU - Chase, Jared AU - Yang, Xiaofan AU - Palmer, Bruce J AU - Tartakovsky, Alexandre M AU - Elsethagen, Todd AU - Redden, George Y1 - 2015/09// PY - 2015 DA - September 2015 SP - 228 EP - 239 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 83 SN - 0309-1708, 0309-1708 KW - numerical models KW - solutes KW - fluid flow KW - porous materials KW - pore-scale models KW - computational methods KW - simulation KW - porosity KW - models KW - chemical reactions KW - mixing KW - hybrid multiscale model KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1869030827?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.atitle=Hybrid+multiscale+simulation+of+a+mixing-controlled+reaction&rft.au=Scheibe%2C+Timothy+D%3BSchuchardt%2C+Karen%3BAgarwal%2C+Khushbu%3BChase%2C+Jared%3BYang%2C+Xiaofan%3BPalmer%2C+Bruce+J%3BTartakovsky%2C+Alexandre+M%3BElsethagen%2C+Todd%3BRedden%2C+George&rft.aulast=Scheibe&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft.date=2015-09-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=&rft.spage=228&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.issn=03091708&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.advwatres.2015.06.006 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03091708 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 87 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical reactions; computational methods; fluid flow; hybrid multiscale model; mixing; models; numerical models; pore-scale models; porosity; porous materials; simulation; solutes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2015.06.006 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A modeling study of irrigation effects on global surface water and ground water resources under a changing climate AN - 1832616489; 762784-17 AB - This study investigates the effects of irrigation on global water resources by performing and analyzing Community Land Model 4.0 (CLM4) simulations driven by downscaled/bias-corrected historical simulations and future projections from five General Circulation Models (GCMs). For each climate scenario, three sets of numerical experiments were performed: (1) a CTRL experiment in which all crops are assumed to be rainfed; (2) an IRRIG experiment in which the irrigation module is activated using surface water (SW) to feed irrigation; and (3) a PUMP experiment in which a groundwater pumping scheme coupled with the irrigation module is activated for conjunctive use of surface water and groundwater (GW) for irrigation. The parameters associated with irrigation and groundwater pumping are calibrated based on a global inventory of census-based water use compiled by the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO). Our results suggest that irrigation could lead to two major effects: SW (GW) depletion in regions with irrigation primarily fed by SW (GW), respectively. Furthermore, irrigation depending primarily on SW tends to have larger impacts on low-flow than high-flow conditions, suggesting increased vulnerability to drought. By the end of the 21st century, combined effect of increased irrigation water demand and amplified temporal-spatial variability of water supply may lead to severe local water scarcity for irrigation. Regionally, irrigation has the potential to aggravate/alleviate climate-induced changes of SW/GW although such effects are negligible when averaged globally. Our study highlights the need to account for irrigation effects and sources in assessing regional climate change impacts. Abstract Copyright (2015), . The Authors. JF - Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems AU - Leng, Guoyong AU - Huang, Maoyi AU - Tang, Qiuhong AU - Leung, L Ruby Y1 - 2015/09// PY - 2015 DA - September 2015 SP - 1285 EP - 1304 PB - Wiley for Institute of Global Environment and Society, Calverton, MD VL - 7 IS - 3 KW - United States KW - methods KW - Far East KW - Indus River KW - pumping KW - global change KW - calibration KW - simulation KW - environmental effects KW - climate change KW - observations KW - irrigation KW - ground water KW - Colorado River KW - spatial distribution KW - future KW - drainage basins KW - Mississippi River KW - historical documents KW - Asia KW - uncertainty KW - climate KW - China KW - Hai He KW - Ganges River KW - water use KW - hydrology KW - general circulation models KW - water supply KW - rainfall KW - human activity KW - global KW - surface water KW - statistical analysis KW - agriculture KW - Huang He KW - CLM4 model KW - runoff KW - water resources KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832616489?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Advances+in+Modeling+Earth+Systems&rft.atitle=A+modeling+study+of+irrigation+effects+on+global+surface+water+and+ground+water+resources+under+a+changing+climate&rft.au=Leng%2C+Guoyong%3BHuang%2C+Maoyi%3BTang%2C+Qiuhong%3BLeung%2C+L+Ruby&rft.aulast=Leng&rft.aufirst=Guoyong&rft.date=2015-09-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1285&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Advances+in+Modeling+Earth+Systems&rft.issn=1942-2466&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2015MS000437 L2 - http://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/agu/journal/10.1002/(ISSN)1942-2466/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Number of references - 80 N1 - PubXState - MD N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agriculture; Asia; calibration; China; climate; climate change; CLM4 model; Colorado River; drainage basins; environmental effects; Far East; future; Ganges River; general circulation models; global; global change; ground water; Hai He; historical documents; Huang He; human activity; hydrology; Indus River; irrigation; methods; Mississippi River; observations; pumping; rainfall; runoff; simulation; spatial distribution; statistical analysis; surface water; uncertainty; United States; water resources; water supply; water use DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015MS000437 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bacillus anthracis spores germinate extracellularly at air-liquid interface in an in vitro lung model under serum-free conditions AN - 1787983061; PQ0002928331 AB - Aims To better understand the parameters that govern spore dissemination after lung exposure using in vitro cell systems. Methods and Results We evaluated the kinetics of uptake, germination and proliferation of Bacillus anthracis Sterne spores in association with human primary lung epithelial cells, Calu-3 and A549 cell lines. We also analysed the influence of various cell culture medium formulations related to spore germination. Conclusions We found negligible spore uptake by epithelial cells, but germination and proliferation of spores in the serum-free extracellular environment was evident. Spore germination was appreciably higher in immortalized cell cultures than in primary epithelial cells. Additionally, spores still germinated apically at a mucus-secreting air-liquid interface lung barrier that was devoid of cell culture medium much earlier than medium-only controls. Significance and Impact of the Study The role of lung epithelial cells in B. anthracis spore dissemination after inhalation remains poorly defined and rather controversial. These results are novel as they show spore germination is appreciably enhanced in the presence of lung cells in vitro, however, the cell line and cell state (air-liquid interface vs submerged in medium) dictates the extent of germination and in some cases proliferation. JF - Journal of Applied Microbiology AU - Powell, J D AU - Hutchison, J R AU - Hess, B M AU - Straub, T M AD - Chemical and Biological Signature Sciences Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA. Y1 - 2015/09// PY - 2015 DA - September 2015 SP - 711 EP - 723 PB - Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., 1105 N Market St Wilmington DE 19801 VL - 119 IS - 3 SN - 1364-5072, 1364-5072 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Environment Abstracts KW - Germination KW - Inhalation KW - Epithelial cells KW - Lymphocytes B KW - Spore germination KW - Cell culture KW - Bacillus anthracis KW - Lung KW - Kinetics KW - Uptake KW - Cell proliferation KW - X 24370:Natural Toxins KW - A 01300:Methods KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1787983061?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Applied+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Bacillus+anthracis+spores+germinate+extracellularly+at+air-liquid+interface+in+an+in+vitro+lung+model+under+serum-free+conditions&rft.au=Powell%2C+J+D%3BHutchison%2C+J+R%3BHess%2C+B+M%3BStraub%2C+T+M&rft.aulast=Powell&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2015-09-01&rft.volume=119&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=711&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Applied+Microbiology&rft.issn=13645072&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fjam.12872 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Inhalation; Epithelial cells; Lymphocytes B; Lung; Kinetics; Spore germination; Cell culture; Cell proliferation; Germination; Uptake; Bacillus anthracis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jam.12872 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermal properties of U-Mo alloys irradiated to moderate burnup and power AN - 1765966402; PQ0002503679 AB - A variety of physical and thermal property measurements as a function of temperature and fission density were performed on irradiated U-Mo alloy monolithic fuel samples with a Zr diffusion barrier and clad in aluminum alloy 6061. The U-Mo alloy density, thermal diffusivity, and thermal conductivity are strongly influenced by increasing burnup, mainly as the result of irradiation induced recrystallization and fission gas bubble formation and coalescence. U-Mo chemistry, specifically Mo content, and specific heat capacity was not as sensitive to increasing burnup. Measurements indicated that thermal conductivity of the U-Mo alloy decreased approximately 30% for a fission density of 3.30 x 10 super(21) fissions cm super(-3) and approximately 45% for a fission density of 4.52 x 10 super(21) fissions cm super(-3) from unirradiated values at 200 [degrees]C. An empirical thermal conductivity degradation model developed previously and summarized here agrees well with the experimental measurements. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Burkes, Douglas E AU - Casella, Andrew M AU - Casella, Amanda J AU - Buck, Edgar C AU - Pool, Karl N AU - Macfarlan, Paul J AU - Edwards, Matthew K AU - Smith, Frances N AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA, Douglas.Burkes@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2015/09// PY - 2015 DA - September 2015 SP - 331 EP - 341 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 464 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Aluminum base alloys KW - 6061 KW - Specific heat KW - Thermal conductivity KW - Degradation KW - Fuels KW - Irradiation KW - Aluminum KW - Radioactive materials KW - Thermal diffusivity KW - Temperature KW - Alloys KW - Diffusion KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1765966402?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Thermal+properties+of+U-Mo+alloys+irradiated+to+moderate+burnup+and+power&rft.au=Burkes%2C+Douglas+E%3BCasella%2C+Andrew+M%3BCasella%2C+Amanda+J%3BBuck%2C+Edgar+C%3BPool%2C+Karl+N%3BMacfarlan%2C+Paul+J%3BEdwards%2C+Matthew+K%3BSmith%2C+Frances+N&rft.aulast=Burkes&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft.date=2015-09-01&rft.volume=464&rft.issue=&rft.spage=331&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2015.04.040 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Specific heat; Degradation; Thermal conductivity; Irradiation; Fuels; Thermal diffusivity; Radioactive materials; Aluminum; Temperature; Alloys; Diffusion DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2015.04.040 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rhenium volatilization in waste glasses AN - 1765965913; PQ0002503685 AB - We investigated volatilization of rhenium (Re), sulfur, cesium, and iodine during the course of conversion of high-level waste melter feed to glass and compared the results for Re volatilization with those in low-activity waste borosilicate glasses. Whereas Re did not volatilize from high-level waste feed heated at 5 K min super(-1) until 1000 [degrees]C, it began to volatilize from low-activity waste borosilicate glass feeds at ~600 [degrees]C, a temperature ~200 [degrees]C below the onset temperature of evaporation from pure KReO sub(4). Below 800 [degrees]C, perrhenate evaporation in low-activity waste melter feeds was enhanced by vigorous foaming and generation of gases from molten salts as they reacted with the glass-forming constituents. At high temperatures, when the glass-forming phase was consolidated, perrhenates were transported to the top surface of glass melt in bubbles, typically together with sulfates and halides. Based on the results of this study (to be considered preliminary at this stage), the high-level waste glass with less foaming and salts appears a promising medium for technetium immobilization. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Xu, Kai AU - Pierce, David A AU - Hrma, Pavel AU - Schweiger, Michael J AU - Kruger, Albert A AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA, pavel.hrma@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2015/09// PY - 2015 DA - September 2015 SP - 382 EP - 388 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 464 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Sulfur KW - Sulfates KW - Cesium KW - Evaporation KW - Temperature KW - Halides KW - Rhenium KW - Salts KW - Gases KW - Technetium KW - High temperature KW - Radioactive materials KW - Iodine KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1765965913?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Rhenium+volatilization+in+waste+glasses&rft.au=Xu%2C+Kai%3BPierce%2C+David+A%3BHrma%2C+Pavel%3BSchweiger%2C+Michael+J%3BKruger%2C+Albert+A&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=Kai&rft.date=2015-09-01&rft.volume=464&rft.issue=&rft.spage=382&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2015.05.005 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 45 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sulfates; Sulfur; Cesium; Evaporation; Temperature; Halides; Rhenium; Salts; Gases; Technetium; High temperature; Radioactive materials; Iodine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2015.05.005 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Wet Explosion: a Universal and Efficient Pretreatment Process for Lignocellulosic Biorefineries AN - 1753519123; PQ0002073330 AB - Lignocellulosic biomass resources especially agricultural and forests residues, perennial crops, farm wastes, and the organic fraction of municipal solid waste hold significant potential for the widespread production of sustainable fuels, chemicals, and bioproducts worldwide. For biochemical conversion processes, deconstruction of lignocellulosic biomass into its components (cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin) for further microbial conversion has been a major challenge due to the recalcitrant nature of lignocellulose. Thus pretreatment is prerequisite for efficient hydrolysis of lignocellulose and cost for such treatment is currently about one third of the overall processing costs in a cellulosic biorefinery. Thus, the development of a more efficient and cost-effective pretreatment method is crucial for the commercialization of lignocellulosic biorefineries. Wet explosion (WEx), a thermochemical pretreatment method with additional features of oxygen addition and explosive decompression, can be adjusted to different biomass feedstock and to subsequent bio-catalytic and microbial processes. The WEx pretreatment method has been successfully applied in combination with both microbial fermentation and anaerobic digestion processes using both agricultural and forest residues as well as manure fibers. Steam explosion, represents a related process to WEx pretreatment where high pressure is used but no oxygen is added. This process has been tested in demonstration scale while WEx is on its way to commercialization. Presented here is a summary of the basic concepts and parameters involved in WEx pretreatment. JF - BioEnergy Research AU - Biswas, Rajib AU - Uellendahl, Hinrich AU - Ahring, Birgitte K AD - Bioproducts, Sciences and Engineering Laboratory (BSEL), Washington State University, 2710 Crimson Way, Richland, 99354, WA, USA PY - 2015 SP - 1101 EP - 1116 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 8 IS - 3 SN - 1939-1234, 1939-1234 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA) KW - Pretreatment KW - Farms KW - Microorganisms KW - Forests KW - Refining KW - Biomass KW - Lignocellulose KW - Explosions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1753519123?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BioEnergy+Research&rft.atitle=Wet+Explosion%3A+a+Universal+and+Efficient+Pretreatment+Process+for+Lignocellulosic+Biorefineries&rft.au=Biswas%2C+Rajib%3BUellendahl%2C+Hinrich%3BAhring%2C+Birgitte+K&rft.aulast=Biswas&rft.aufirst=Rajib&rft.date=2015-09-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1101&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BioEnergy+Research&rft.issn=19391234&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12155-015-9590-5 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 125 N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-06 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12155-015-9590-5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dynamical and thermodynamical modulations on future changes of landfalling atmospheric rivers over western North America AN - 1732810958; PQ0002104778 AB - This study examines future changes of landfalling atmospheric rivers (ARs) over western North America using outputs from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5). The result reveals a strikingly large increase of AR days by the end of the 21st century in the RCP8.5 scenario, with fractional increases between 50% and 600%, depending on the seasons and landfall locations. These increases are predominantly controlled by the super-Clausius-Clapeyron rate of increase of atmospheric water vapor with warming, while changes of winds that transport moisture in the ARs, or dynamical effect, mostly counter the thermodynamical effect of increasing water vapor, limiting the increase of AR events in the future. The consistent negative effect of wind changes on AR days during spring and fall can be linked to the robust poleward shift of the subtropical jet in the North Pacific basin. Key Points * Atmospheric river events increase in the future * Increase in moisture contributes largely to AR changes * Dynamical effects counter the thermodynamical changes JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Gao, Yang AU - Lu, Jian AU - Leung, LRuby AU - Yang, Qing AU - Hagos, Samson AU - Qian, Yun AD - Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA. Y1 - 2015/09// PY - 2015 DA - September 2015 SP - 7179 EP - 7186 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ United States VL - 42 IS - 17 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Atmospheric Water KW - Rivers KW - North America KW - Water Vapor KW - IN, North Pacific KW - Water vapor in the atmosphere KW - Basins KW - Seasonal variability KW - Wind KW - Modelling KW - Q2 09262:Methods and instruments KW - M2 551.55:Wind (551.55) KW - SW 0810:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1732810958?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Dynamical+and+thermodynamical+modulations+on+future+changes+of+landfalling+atmospheric+rivers+over+western+North+America&rft.au=Gao%2C+Yang%3BLu%2C+Jian%3BLeung%2C+LRuby%3BYang%2C+Qing%3BHagos%2C+Samson%3BQian%2C+Yun&rft.aulast=Gao&rft.aufirst=Yang&rft.date=2015-09-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=17&rft.spage=7179&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2015GL065435 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Modelling; Rivers; Water vapor in the atmosphere; Seasonal variability; Atmospheric Water; Water Vapor; Basins; Wind; North America; IN, North Pacific DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015GL065435 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of Subgrid-Scale Hydrometeor Transport Schemes Using a High-Resolution Cloud-Resolving Model AN - 1722178816; PQ0002014835 AB - Potential ways of parameterizing vertical turbulent fluxes of hydrometeors are examined using a high-resolution simulation of continental deep convection. The cloud-resolving model uses a double-moment microphysics scheme that contains prognostic variables for four hydrometeor types: rain, graupel, cloud ice, and snow. The benchmark simulation with a horizontal grid spacing of 250 m is analyzed to evaluate three different ways of parameterizing the turbulent vertical fluxes of hydrometeors: an eddy-diffusion approximation, a quadrant-based decomposition, and a scaling method that accounts for within-quadrant (subplume) correlations. Results show that the downgradient nature of the eddy-diffusion approximation enforces transport of mass away from concentrated regions, whereas the benchmark simulation indicates that the vertical transport often moves mass from below the level of maximum concentration to aloft. Unlike the eddy-diffusion approach, the quadrimodal decomposition is able to capture the signs of the flux gradient but underestimates the magnitudes. The scaling approach, which accounts empirically for within-quadrant correlations, improves the representation of the vertical fluxes for all hydrometeors except snow. A sensitivity study is performed to illustrate how vertical transport effects on the vertical distribution of hydrometeors are compounded by accompanying changes in microphysical process rates. Results from the sensitivity tests show that suppressing rain or graupel transport drastically alters vertical profiles of cloud ice and snow through changes in the distribution of cloud water, which in turn governs the production of cloud ice and snow aloft. Last, a viable subgrid-scale hydrometeor transport scheme in an assumed probability density function parameterization is discussed. JF - Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences AU - Wong, May AU - Ovchinnikov AU - Wang, Minghuai AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington Y1 - 2015/09// PY - 2015 DA - September 2015 SP - 3715 EP - 3731 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 United States VL - 72 IS - 9 SN - 0022-4928, 0022-4928 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Cloud parameterizations KW - Cloud resolving models KW - Convective parameterization KW - Parameterization KW - Subgrid-scale processes KW - Convection KW - Degradation KW - Atmospheric sciences KW - Correlations KW - Convection development KW - Decomposition KW - Evaluation KW - Ice drift KW - Vertical distribution KW - Hydrometeor types KW - Snow KW - Water content of clouds KW - Vertical Distribution KW - Probability density function KW - Vertical advection KW - Model Studies KW - Vertical profiles KW - Clouds KW - Turbulent fluxes KW - Numerical simulations KW - Hydrometeors KW - Rain KW - Scaling KW - Q2 09422:Storage and transport KW - SW 0820:Snow, ice and frost KW - M2 551.578.4:Crystalline (551.578.4) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1722178816?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Atmospheric+Sciences&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+Subgrid-Scale+Hydrometeor+Transport+Schemes+Using+a+High-Resolution+Cloud-Resolving+Model&rft.au=Wong%2C+May%3BOvchinnikov%3BWang%2C+Minghuai&rft.aulast=Wong&rft.aufirst=May&rft.date=2015-09-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=3715&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Atmospheric+Sciences&rft.issn=00224928&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2FJAS-D-15-0060.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 42 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Convection; Vertical distribution; Atmospheric sciences; Degradation; Snow; Hydrometeors; Ice drift; Vertical advection; Vertical profiles; Clouds; Turbulent fluxes; Hydrometeor types; Numerical simulations; Water content of clouds; Correlations; Convection development; Probability density function; Evaluation; Vertical Distribution; Rain; Scaling; Decomposition; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JAS-D-15-0060.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toward the Dynamical Convergence on the Jet Stream in Aquaplanet AGCMs AN - 1722176530; PQ0002014849 AB - Systematic sensitivity of the jet position and intensity to horizontal model resolution is identified in several aquaplanet AGCMs, with the coarser resolution producing a more equatorward eddy-driven jet and a stronger upper-tropospheric jet intensity. As the resolution of the models increases to 50 km or finer, the jet position and intensity show signs of convergence within each model group. The mechanism for this convergence behavior is investigated using a hybrid Eulerian-Lagrangian finite-amplitude wave activity budget developed for the upper-tropospheric absolute vorticity. The results suggest that the poleward shift of the eddy-driven jet with higher resolution can be attributed to the smaller effective diffusivity of the model in the midlatitudes that allows more wave activity to survive the dissipation and to reach the subtropical critical latitude for wave breaking. The enhanced subtropical wave breaking and associated irreversible vorticity mixing act to maintain a more poleward peak of the vorticity gradient, and thus a more poleward jet. Being overdissipative, the coarse-resolution AGCMs misrepresent the nuanced nonlinear aspect of the midlatitude eddy-mean flow interaction, giving rise to the equatorward bias of the eddy-driven jet. In accordance with the asymptotic behavior of effective diffusivity of Batchelor turbulence in the large Peclet number limit, the upper-tropospheric effective diffusivity of the aquaplanet AGCMs displays signs of convergence in the midlatitude toward a value of approximately 10 super(7) m super(2) s super(-1) for the (grad) super(2) diffusion. This provides a dynamical underpinning for the convergence of the jet stream observed in these AGCMs at high resolution. JF - Journal of Climate AU - Lu, Jian AU - Chen, Gang AU - Leung, L Ruby AU - Burrows, D Alex AU - Yang, Qing AU - Sakaguchi, Koichi AU - Hagos, Samson AD - Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington Y1 - 2015/09// PY - 2015 DA - September 2015 SP - 6763 EP - 6782 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 United States VL - 28 IS - 17 SN - 0894-8755, 0894-8755 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Advection KW - Mixing KW - Climate models KW - Diagnostics KW - General circulation models KW - Numerical analysis/modeling KW - Climates KW - Jet stream KW - Climate KW - turbulence KW - Systematics KW - Streams KW - Model Studies KW - Behavior KW - Convergence KW - Wave breaking KW - Latitudinal variations KW - Vorticity KW - Wave dissipation KW - Waves KW - Absolute vorticity KW - Diffusion coefficients KW - Q2 09242:Observations and measurements at sea KW - SW 0810:General KW - M2 551.58:Climatology (551.58) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1722176530?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Climate&rft.atitle=Toward+the+Dynamical+Convergence+on+the+Jet+Stream+in+Aquaplanet+AGCMs&rft.au=Lu%2C+Jian%3BChen%2C+Gang%3BLeung%2C+L+Ruby%3BBurrows%2C+D+Alex%3BYang%2C+Qing%3BSakaguchi%2C+Koichi%3BHagos%2C+Samson&rft.aulast=Lu&rft.aufirst=Jian&rft.date=2015-09-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=17&rft.spage=6763&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Climate&rft.issn=08948755&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2FJCLI-D-14-00761.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 63 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Convergence; Latitudinal variations; Wave breaking; Climate; Wave dissipation; Jet stream; Absolute vorticity; Diffusion coefficients; Climate models; Vorticity; Behavior; Climates; Waves; Systematics; turbulence; Mixing; Streams; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00761.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Low-Level Jet over the Southern Great Plains Determined from Observations and Reanalyses and Its Impact on Moisture Transport AN - 1722166457; PQ0002014847 AB - This study utilizes six commonly used reanalysis products, including the NCEP-Department of Energy Reanalysis 2 (NCEP2), NCEP Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR), ECMWF interim reanalysis (ERA-Interim), Japanese 25-year Reanalysis Project (JRA-25), Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA), and North American Regional Reanalysis (NARR), to evaluate features of the southern Great Plains low-level jet (LLJ) above the U.S. Department of Energy's Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program (ARM) Climate Research Facility (ACRF) Southern Great Plains site. Two sets of radiosonde data are utilized: the six-week Midlatitude Continental Convective Clouds Experiment (MC3E) and a 10-yr period spanning 2001 through 2010. All six reanalyses are compared to MC3E data, while only the NARR, MERRA, and CFSR are compared to the 10-yr data. The reanalyses are able to represent most aspects of the composite LLJ profile, although there is a tendency for each reanalysis to overestimate the wind speed between the nose of the LLJ (at approximately 900 mb) and a pressure level of 700 mb. There are large discrepancies in the number of LLJs observed and derived from the reanalysis, particularly for strong LLJs, leading to an underestimate of the moisture transport associated with LLJs. When the 10-yr period is considered, the NARR and CFSR overestimate and MERRA underestimates the total moisture transport, but all three underestimate the transport associated with strong LLJs by factors of 1.4, 2.0, and 2.7 for CFSR, NARR, and MERRA, respectively. During MC3E there were differences in the patterns of moisture convergence and divergence, but the patterns are more consistent during the 10-yr period. JF - Journal of Climate AU - Berg, Larry K AU - Riihimaki, Laura D AU - Qian, Yun AU - Yan, Huiping AU - Huang, Maoyi AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington Y1 - 2015/09// PY - 2015 DA - September 2015 SP - 6682 EP - 6706 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 United States VL - 28 IS - 17 SN - 0894-8755, 0894-8755 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - North America KW - Jets KW - Moisture/moisture budget KW - Water vapor KW - Reanalysis data KW - INW, Japan KW - Moisture KW - Moisture transport KW - Data reanalysis KW - Wind speed KW - Radiation KW - Low-level jet stream KW - European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts KW - Climatology KW - Radiosondes KW - Wind KW - Atmospheric radiation measurements KW - Climates KW - Climate KW - Radiosonde data KW - Clouds KW - Convergence and divergence KW - USA, Great Plains KW - Profiles KW - Convective activity KW - Research Facilities KW - Downward long wave radiation KW - Future climates KW - Q2 09422:Storage and transport KW - SW 7010:Education - extramural KW - M2 551.58:Climatology (551.58) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1722166457?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Climate&rft.atitle=The+Low-Level+Jet+over+the+Southern+Great+Plains+Determined+from+Observations+and+Reanalyses+and+Its+Impact+on+Moisture+Transport&rft.au=Berg%2C+Larry+K%3BRiihimaki%2C+Laura+D%3BQian%2C+Yun%3BYan%2C+Huiping%3BHuang%2C+Maoyi&rft.aulast=Berg&rft.aufirst=Larry&rft.date=2015-09-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=17&rft.spage=6682&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Climate&rft.issn=08948755&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2FJCLI-D-14-00719.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 53 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Wind speed; Climate; Downward long wave radiation; Radiosondes; Clouds; Convergence and divergence; Low-level jet stream; Atmospheric radiation measurements; Convective activity; Moisture transport; European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts; Climatology; Radiosonde data; Data reanalysis; Future climates; Moisture; Radiation; Profiles; Climates; Research Facilities; Wind; North America; INW, Japan; USA, Great Plains DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00719.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A spatially based area-time inundation index model developed to assess habitat opportunity in tidal-fluvial wetlands and restoration sites AN - 1712572422; PQ0001934465 AB - A geographic information system (GIS)-based Area-Time Inundation Index Model (ATIIM) was developed to predict and evaluate availability of hydrologically connected habitats in estuarine and tidal-fluvial regions. The model establishes and describes patterns in the spatial and temporal relationships of the land and water including non-dimensional area-time and volume-time inundation indices. The processing integrates in situ or modeled water-surface elevation (WSE) data with high-resolution elevation data, using established terrain generation and spatial hydrologic analysis methods which are applied in a new geographic domain: the low-relief microtopography characteristic of coastal wetlands. The ATIIM links these data to newly developed, spatially continuous wetted-area algorithms in a GIS module and determines site average bankfull elevation, two- and three-dimensional inundation extent, and other spatial, tabular, and graph-based metrics. It is a cost-effective, rapid assessment tool suitable for the desktop planning environment, and represents an advance over methods that estimate inundation but do not enforce hydrological connectivity. Example model outputs for 11 tidal wetland areas in the lower Columbia River floodplain and estuary illustrate habitat opportunity for threatened and endangered salmon. Outputs for wetland reference sites (tidal marshes and tidal forested wetlands) are compared with river-restoration sites where objectives include increasing salmon access to beneficial habitats by hydrologically reconnecting channels in diked areas of the floodplain. Hydrological process metrics produced by the model, both new and commonly used, support the prioritization of proposed restoration sites, pre-construction planning, and post-construction evaluation. For example, the model can help determine relationships between WSE and habitat opportunity, contrast alternative restoration designs, predict impacts of altered flow regimes, estimate nutrient and biomass fluxes, and provide standardized site comparisons to support effective monitoring of the developmental trajectories of restoration sites. JF - Ecological Engineering AU - Coleman, Andre M AU - Diefenderfer, Heida L AU - Ward, Duane L AU - Borde, Amy B AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Earth Systems Science Division, Hydrology Technical Group, P.O. Box 999, MSIN K9-33, Richland, WA 99352, USA Y1 - 2015/09// PY - 2015 DA - September 2015 SP - 624 EP - 642 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 82 SN - 0925-8574, 0925-8574 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Environment Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Aquatic terrestrial interface KW - Connectivity KW - Environmental flow KW - Estuary KW - Hydrological reconnection KW - Hydropower mitigation KW - Restoration KW - Riparian KW - Salmon KW - Spatial modeling KW - Terrain analysis KW - Tidal hydrology KW - Anadromous species KW - Algorithms KW - Nutrients KW - Freshwater KW - Hydrologic Models KW - Economics KW - Regional planning KW - Wetlands KW - Salmonidae KW - Geographical Information Systems KW - Rivers KW - Estuaries KW - River discharge KW - Brackish KW - Habitat KW - Biomass KW - Flood Plains KW - Aquatic Habitats KW - Habitat improvement KW - Flooding KW - Standards KW - Geographic information systems KW - Ecological distribution KW - Remote sensing KW - USA, Columbia R. KW - Habitats KW - Data processing KW - Forested wetlands KW - Marshes KW - Flood plains KW - Elevation KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - SW 4020:Evaluation process KW - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1712572422?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Engineering&rft.atitle=A+spatially+based+area-time+inundation+index+model+developed+to+assess+habitat+opportunity+in+tidal-fluvial+wetlands+and+restoration+sites&rft.au=Coleman%2C+Andre+M%3BDiefenderfer%2C+Heida+L%3BWard%2C+Duane+L%3BBorde%2C+Amy+B&rft.aulast=Coleman&rft.aufirst=Andre&rft.date=2015-09-01&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=&rft.spage=624&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Engineering&rft.issn=09258574&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ecoleng.2015.05.006 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Flood plains; Habitat improvement; Anadromous species; Ecological distribution; Estuaries; River discharge; Regional planning; Wetlands; Marshes; Rivers; Data processing; Algorithms; Nutrients; Geographic information systems; Biomass; Habitat; Salmon; Forested wetlands; Remote sensing; Economics; Standards; Flood Plains; Habitats; Hydrologic Models; Aquatic Habitats; Elevation; Flooding; Geographical Information Systems; Salmonidae; USA, Columbia R.; Brackish; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2015.05.006 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cytochrome P450 1b1 in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-induced skin carcinogenesis: Tumorigenicity of individual PAHs and coal-tar extract, DNA adduction and expression of select genes in the Cyp1b1 knockout mouse. AN - 1703698075; 26049101 AB - FVB/N mice wild-type, heterozygous or null for Cyp 1b1 were used in a two-stage skin tumor study comparing PAH, benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), dibenzo[def,p]chrysene (DBC), and coal tar extract (CTE, SRM 1597a). Following 20 weeks of promotion with TPA the Cyp 1b1 null mice, initiated with DBC, exhibited reductions in incidence, multiplicity, and progression. None of these effects were observed with BaP or CTE. The mechanism of Cyp 1b1-dependent alteration of DBC skin carcinogenesis was further investigated by determining expression of select genes in skin from DBC-treated mice 2, 4 and 8h post-initiation. A significant reduction in levels of Cyp 1a1, Nqo1 at 8h and Akr 1c14 mRNA was observed in Cyp 1b1 null (but not wt or het) mice, whereas no impact was observed in Gst a1, Nqo 1 at 2 and 4h or Akr 1c19 at any time point. Cyp 1b1 mRNA was not elevated by DBC. The major covalent DNA adducts, dibenzo[def,p]chrysene-(±)-11,12-dihydrodiol-cis and trans-13,14-epoxide-deoxyadenosine (DBCDE-dA) were quantified by UHPLC-MS/MS 8h post-initiation. Loss of Cyp1 b1 expression reduced DBCDE-dA adducts in the skin but not to a statistically significant degree. The ratio of cis- to trans-DBCDE-dA adducts was higher in the skin than other target tissues such as the spleen, lung and liver (oral dosing). These results document that Cyp 1b1 plays a significant role in bioactivation and carcinogenesis of DBC in a two-stage mouse skin tumor model and that loss of Cyp 1b1 has little impact on tumor response with BaP or CTE as initiators. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Siddens, Lisbeth K AU - Bunde, Kristi L AU - Harper, Tod A AU - McQuistan, Tammie J AU - Löhr, Christiane V AU - Bramer, Lisa M AU - Waters, Katrina M AU - Tilton, Susan C AU - Krueger, Sharon K AU - Williams, David E AU - Baird, William M AD - Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; Superfund Research Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA. ; College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA. ; Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; Environmental Health Sciences Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA. ; Superfund Research Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA. ; Environmental Health Sciences Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA. ; Applied Statistics and Computational Modeling, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA. ; Superfund Research Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA. ; Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; Superfund Research Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA. ; Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; Superfund Research Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; Environmental Health Sciences Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA. Electronic address: david.williams@oregonstate.edu. ; Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; Superfund Research Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; Environmental Health Sciences Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA. Y1 - 2015/09/01/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Sep 01 SP - 149 EP - 160 VL - 287 IS - 2 KW - Benzopyrenes KW - 0 KW - Carcinogens KW - DNA Adducts KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons KW - RNA, Messenger KW - Coal Tar KW - 8007-45-2 KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP1B1 KW - EC 1.14.14.1 KW - Index Medicus KW - DNA adducts KW - PAHs KW - Cyp1b1 KW - Skin cancer KW - Relative Potency Factor KW - Animals KW - Gene Expression KW - Mice KW - Tandem Mass Spectrometry KW - Time Factors KW - RNA, Messenger -- biosynthesis KW - Female KW - DNA Adducts -- metabolism KW - Mice, Knockout KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons -- toxicity KW - Coal Tar -- toxicity KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP1B1 -- genetics KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP1B1 -- metabolism KW - Skin Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1703698075?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Cytochrome+P450+1b1+in+polycyclic+aromatic+hydrocarbon+%28PAH%29-induced+skin+carcinogenesis%3A+Tumorigenicity+of+individual+PAHs+and+coal-tar+extract%2C+DNA+adduction+and+expression+of+select+genes+in+the+Cyp1b1+knockout+mouse.&rft.au=Siddens%2C+Lisbeth+K%3BBunde%2C+Kristi+L%3BHarper%2C+Tod+A%3BMcQuistan%2C+Tammie+J%3BL%C3%B6hr%2C+Christiane+V%3BBramer%2C+Lisa+M%3BWaters%2C+Katrina+M%3BTilton%2C+Susan+C%3BKrueger%2C+Sharon+K%3BWilliams%2C+David+E%3BBaird%2C+William+M&rft.aulast=Siddens&rft.aufirst=Lisbeth&rft.date=2015-09-01&rft.volume=287&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=149&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=1096-0333&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.taap.2015.05.019 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-11-04 N1 - Date created - 2015-08-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 2006 Aug;21(4):257-76 [16946553] Carcinogenesis. 1995 Aug;16(8):1971-4 [7634428] Carcinogenesis. 1995 Nov;16(11):2813-7 [7586203] Carcinogenesis. 1996 Nov;17(11):2429-33 [8968059] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1997 Mar;36(1):71-8 [9073469] Chem Res Toxicol. 1998 Jun;11(6):686-95 [9625737] Chem Res Toxicol. 1998 Dec;11(12):1596-607 [9860506] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Mar 2;96(5):1977-82 [10051580] Stat Med. 1999 Mar 30;18(6):695-706 [10204198] Cancer Lett. 1999 Mar 1;136(2):119-28 [10355740] Chem Res Toxicol. 1999 Jul;12(7):623-9 [10409402] Carcinogenesis. 1999 Oct;20(10):1885-91 [10506100] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2004 Dec 15;201(3):295-302 [15582647] Chem Res Toxicol. 2004 Dec;17(12):1667-74 [15606143] Chem Res Toxicol. 2005 Feb;18(2):224-31 [15720126] Cancer Res. 2005 Feb 15;65(4):1251-8 [15735009] Environ Mol Mutagen. 2005 Mar-Apr;45(2-3):106-14 [15688365] Chem Res Toxicol. 2005 Jun;18(6):976-83 [15962932] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2005 Aug 1;206(1):73-93 [15963346] Cancer Res. 2006 Jan 15;66(2):755-62 [16424006] Mol Pharmacol. 2006 Apr;69(4):1103-14 [16377763] Toxicol Sci. 2007 Jan;95(1):63-73 [17060372] Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom. 2006;20(8):1369-80 [16557497] J Occup Environ Hyg. 2007;4 Suppl 1:118-26 [17503278] J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 2007;21(3):101-9 [17623886] Free Radic Biol Med. 2008 Feb 15;44(4):570-83 [17997381] Chem Res Toxicol. 2008 May;21(5):1086-94 [18402469] Nat Protoc. 2008;3(6):1101-8 [18546601] Biom J. 2008 Jun;50(3):346-63 [18481363] Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2008 Jul;1(2):128-34 [19138945] Chem Res Toxicol. 2009 Jan;22(1):81-9 [19053321] Drug Metab Dispos. 2009 Feb;37(2):247-53 [19005027] Carcinogenesis. 2009 Feb;30(2):315-20 [19073876] Chem Res Toxicol. 2008 Nov;21(11):2207-15 [18788756] Mol Cancer. 2009;8:121 [20003443] Cancer Res. 2010 Feb 1;70(3):1006-14 [20103645] Occup Environ Med. 2010 Jul;67(7):456-63 [19914913] Toxicol Lett. 2010 Nov 10;199(1):22-33 [20696221] IARC Monogr Eval Carcinog Risks Hum. 2010;92:1-853 [21141735] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2011 Dec 15;257(3):365-76 [22001385] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2012 Nov 1;264(3):377-86 [22935520] Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 May 20;26(5):783-93 [23570232] Drug Metab Dispos. 2013 Aug;41(8):1480-7 [23660342] Chem Res Toxicol. 2014 Jul 21;27(7):1199-206 [24911113] Mar Pollut Bull. 2014 Oct 15;87(1-2):152-63 [25131419] Chem Res Toxicol. 2014 Nov 17;27(11):1901-17 [25279998] Mutat Res Genet Toxicol Environ Mutagen. 2015 Apr;782:51-6 [25868132] Toxicol Sci. 2015 Jul;146(1):135-45 [25908611] Carcinogenesis. 2001 Jul;22(7):1077-86 [11408352] Chem Res Toxicol. 2002 Feb;15(2):170-9 [11849043] Environ Health Perspect. 2002 Jun;110 Suppl 3:451-88 [12060843] Chem Res Toxicol. 2002 Sep;15(9):1127-35 [12230405] Toxicology. 2002 Dec 27;181-182:237-9 [12505317] Nature. 1983 Jun 9-15;303(5917):468-72 [6304528] Sci Total Environ. 1987 Oct;66:95-114 [3317821] J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 1989;115(1):67-72 [2921274] Pharmacol Ther. 1992;55(2):183-99 [1289900] Carcinogenesis. 1993 May;14(5):875-8 [8504480] Carcinogenesis. 1994 Nov;15(11):2455-60 [7955091] Xenobiotica. 1995 Jul;25(7):677-88 [7483666] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2015.05.019 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 24-hour human urine and serum profiles of bisphenol A following ingestion in soup: Individual pharmacokinetic data and emographics. AN - 1700104724; 26217767 AB - Here we present data to evaluate potential absorption of Bisphenol A through non-metabolizing tissues of the upper digestive tract. Concurrent serum and urine concentrations of d6-BPA, and its glucuronide and sulfate conjugates, were measured over a 24 h period in 10 adult male volunteers following ingestion of 30 μg d6-BPA/kg body weight in soup. The pharmacokinetic behavior of BPA and its metabolites in this cohort (rapid absorption, complete elimination, evidence against sublingual absorption) was reported. This Data in Brief article contains the corresponding individual pharmacokinetic data, reports the demographics of the cohort and provides additional details related to the analytical methods employed and is related to [4]. JF - Data in brief AU - Teeguarden, Justin G AU - Twaddle, Nathan C AU - Churchwell, Mona I AU - Yang, Xiaoxia AU - Fisher, Jeffrey W AU - Seryak, Liesel M AU - Doerge, Daniel R AD - Health Effects and Exposure Science, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA ; Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 93771, USA. ; Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA. ; Division of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA. Y1 - 2015/09// PY - 2015 DA - September 2015 SP - 83 EP - 86 VL - 4 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1700104724?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Data+in+brief&rft.atitle=24-hour+human+urine+and+serum+profiles+of+bisphenol+A+following+ingestion+in+soup%3A+Individual+pharmacokinetic+data+and+emographics.&rft.au=Teeguarden%2C+Justin+G%3BTwaddle%2C+Nathan+C%3BChurchwell%2C+Mona+I%3BYang%2C+Xiaoxia%3BFisher%2C+Jeffrey+W%3BSeryak%2C+Liesel+M%3BDoerge%2C+Daniel+R&rft.aulast=Teeguarden&rft.aufirst=Justin&rft.date=2015-09-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=&rft.spage=83&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Data+in+brief&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.dib.2015.03.002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-07-28 N1 - Date created - 2015-07-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2015.03.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Shifts in oxidation states of cerium oxide nanoparticles detected inside intact hydrated cells and organelles. AN - 1689624165; 26056725 AB - Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CNPs) have been shown to induce diverse biological effects, ranging from toxic to beneficial. The beneficial effects have been attributed to the potential antioxidant activity of CNPs via certain redox reactions, depending on their oxidation state or Ce(3+)/Ce(4+) ratio. However, this ratio is strongly dependent on the environment and age of the nanoparticles and it is unclear whether and how the complex intracellular environment impacts this ratio and the possible redox reactions of CNPs. To identify any changes in the oxidation state of CNPs in the intracellular environment and better understand their intracellular reactions, we directly quantified the oxidation states of CNPs outside and inside intact hydrated cells and organelles using correlated scanning transmission x-ray and super resolution fluorescence microscopies. By analyzing hundreds of small CNP aggregates, we detected a shift to a higher Ce(3+)/Ce(4+) ratio in CNPs inside versus outside the cells, indicating a net reduction of CNPs in the intracellular environment. We further found a similar ratio in the cytoplasm and in the lysosomes, indicating that the net reduction occurs earlier in the internalization pathway. Together with oxidative stress and toxicity measurements, our observations identify a net reduction of CNPs in the intracellular environment, which is consistent with their involvement in potentially beneficial oxidation reactions, but also point to interactions that can negatively impact the health of the cells. JF - Biomaterials AU - Szymanski, Craig J AU - Munusamy, Prabhakaran AU - Mihai, Cosmin AU - Xie, Yumei AU - Hu, Dehong AU - Gilles, Mary K AU - Tyliszczak, Tolek AU - Thevuthasan, Suntharampillai AU - Baer, Donald R AU - Orr, Galya AD - Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA. ; Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. ; Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA. Electronic address: galya.orr@pnnl.gov. Y1 - 2015/09// PY - 2015 DA - September 2015 SP - 147 EP - 154 VL - 62 KW - Cerium KW - 30K4522N6T KW - ceric oxide KW - 619G5K328Y KW - Index Medicus KW - Structured illumination microscopy KW - Oxidation state KW - STXM KW - Cerium oxide nanoparticles KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - Materials Testing KW - Epithelial Cells -- chemistry KW - Organelles -- chemistry KW - Metal Nanoparticles -- chemistry KW - Cerium -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1689624165?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biomaterials&rft.atitle=Shifts+in+oxidation+states+of+cerium+oxide+nanoparticles+detected+inside+intact+hydrated+cells+and+organelles.&rft.au=Szymanski%2C+Craig+J%3BMunusamy%2C+Prabhakaran%3BMihai%2C+Cosmin%3BXie%2C+Yumei%3BHu%2C+Dehong%3BGilles%2C+Mary+K%3BTyliszczak%2C+Tolek%3BThevuthasan%2C+Suntharampillai%3BBaer%2C+Donald+R%3BOrr%2C+Galya&rft.aulast=Szymanski&rft.aufirst=Craig&rft.date=2015-09-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=&rft.spage=147&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biomaterials&rft.issn=1878-5905&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.biomaterials.2015.05.042 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-03-08 N1 - Date created - 2015-06-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Mol Cancer Ther. 2014 Jul;13(7):1740-9 [24825856] ACS Nano. 2013 Dec 23;7(12):10726-32 [24215500] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2003 Sep;69(9):5543-54 [12957944] J Microsc. 1997 Nov;188(Pt 2):125-35 [9418270] Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jul;113(7):823-39 [16002369] Nano Lett. 2005 Dec;5(12):2573-7 [16351218] Clin Cancer Res. 2006 Jan 1;12(1):206-13 [16397044] J Phys Chem B. 2006 Feb 9;110(5):1959-63 [16471768] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2006 Mar 31;342(1):86-91 [16480682] Int J Toxicol. 2006 Nov-Dec;25(6):451-7 [17132603] Biomaterials. 2007 Apr;28(10):1918-25 [17222903] Chem Commun (Camb). 2007 Mar 14;(10):1056-8 [17325804] Anal Chem. 2007 Mar 15;79(6):2221-9 [17288407] Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2008 Jan;68(1):129-37 [17881203] Inhal Toxicol. 2008 Jan;20(1):53-62 [18236223] Toxicology. 2008 Mar 12;245(1-2):90-100 [18243471] Biomaterials. 2008 Jun;29(18):2705-9 [18395249] Inhal Toxicol. 2008 Apr;20(6):547-66 [18444008] Nat Mater. 2008 Jul;7(7):588-95 [18500347] Nat Nanotechnol. 2006 Nov;1(2):142-50 [18654167] Environ Sci Technol. 2008 Jul 1;42(13):5014-9 [18678042] Small. 2008 Nov;4(11):2025-34 [18855973] Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2009 Jan 1;68(1):83-7 [18980834] ACS Nano. 2007 Dec;1(5):463-75 [19206668] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2009 Apr 15;236(2):210-20 [19371605] Toxicol Lett. 2009 Jun 1;187(2):77-83 [19429248] Nanomedicine. 2009 Jun;5(2):225-31 [19285453] Inhal Toxicol. 2009 Jul;21 Suppl 1:123-30 [19558244] Langmuir. 2009 Aug 18;25(16):9064-70 [19572532] J Am Chem Soc. 2009 Oct 14;131(40):14144-5 [19769392] Small. 2009 Dec;5(24):2848-56 [19802857] Nanotechnology. 2010 Apr 9;21(14):145103 [20234082] Chem Commun (Camb). 2010 Apr 28;46(16):2736-8 [20369166] Toxicol Sci. 2010 Aug;116(2):562-76 [20457660] Chem Commun (Camb). 2010 Oct 7;46(37):6915-7 [20683524] Part Fibre Toxicol. 2010;7:28 [20920331] Environ Health Perspect. 2010 Dec;118(12):1699-706 [20729176] Biomaterials. 2011 Apr;32(11):2918-29 [21269688] PLoS One. 2011;6(2):e16733 [21364932] Environ Sci Technol. 2011 Apr 15;45(8):3725-30 [21428445] Neurobiol Dis. 2011 Jun;42(3):514-23 [21396448] J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2011 Jul;338(1):53-61 [21464334] ACS Nano. 2011 Jun 28;5(6):4537-49 [21612305] Biomaterials. 2011 Oct;32(28):6745-53 [21704369] Nanotoxicology. 2011 Sep;5(3):296-311 [20849212] Nanotoxicology. 2011 Sep;5(3):312-25 [20925443] ACS Nano. 2012 Jul 24;6(7):5820-9 [22717232] Biomaterials. 2012 Nov;33(31):7915-24 [22841920] Biomaterials. 2013 Mar;34(9):2194-201 [23266256] J Mol Cell Biol. 2013 Aug;5(4):214-26 [23918283] Biomaterials. 2014 Jan;35(1):249-58 [24140045] ACS Nano. 2013 Nov 26;7(11):9693-703 [24079896] Nanotoxicology. 2015 Feb;9(1):9-22 [24289294] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.05.042 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The record of volcanism in the Brushy Basin Member of the Morrison Formation; implications for the Late Jurassic of western North America AN - 1722156899; 2015-099186 AB - The Late Jurassic (157-150 Ma) Morrison Formation of the Western Interior of the United States contains abundant altered volcanic ash. On the Colorado Plateau, this formation accumulated behind and downwind of a subduction-related volcanic arc along the western margin of North America. The ash in these distal fallout tuffs probably drifted eastward from coignimbrite ash clouds related to collapse calderas. Altered volcanic ash is particularly abundant in the Brushy Basin Member of the upper part of the Morrison Formation. In one 110-m-thick section in eastern Utah, 35 separate beds were deposited in a 2.2 m.y. period. Alteration occurred when glassy volcanic ash fell into fluvial and lacustrine environments, where it was diagenetically altered to various mineral assemblages but most commonly to smectitic clay. Periodically, ash fell into saline, alkaline lakes, and diagenetic alteration of the glassy ash produced a crudely zoned deposit on the Colorado Plateau. Altered volcanic ash beds in the outermost part of the lacustrine deposits are argillic (with smectitic clay), whereas zeolitic (clinoptilolite, analcime) and feldspathic (K-feldspar and albite) alteration dominates the interior zones. Feldspathic ash layers contain secondary silica, and consequently immobile element (e.g., Al, Ti, and high field strength elements) abundances were strongly diluted in these rocks. In contrast, the argillic ash beds experienced strong SiO (sub 2) depletion, and, as a result, they are enriched in the relatively immobile elements. The compositions of the zeolitic ash beds are intermediate between these two extremes and experienced the least alteration. As a result of these changes, immobile element concentrations are less reliable than ratios for determining the original magmatic composition of the ash. Most of the altered ash (regardless of type) was also depleted in water-soluble elements like the alkalies, U, and V. The latter two elements were oxidized during diagenesis of the ash, became soluble, and were partially leached away by groundwater. Locally, U and V in groundwater were reduced upon contact with organic materials and formed important ore deposits.Several aspects of the mineralogy and geochemistry of the altered volcanic ash beds yield information about their original magmatic compositions. The volcanic ash beds typically have small phenoclasts of quartz, sanidine, plagioclase, biotite, zircon, apatite, and Fe-Ti oxides. Titanite is present in approximately 40% of the ash beds; pyroxene and amphibole were found in less than 5%. Phenocryst assemblages, mineral compositions, inferred high (f)O (sub 2) , rare earth element patterns, and immobile element ratios all suggest the parent magmas for the altered tuffs were subduction-related dacites and rhyolites. Small numbers of tuffs have Fe-rich biotite, amphibole, and/or clinopyroxene; both pyroxene and amphibole are alkali rich. These tuffs lack titanite, but some contain anorthoclase and F-rich apatite. Combined with enrichments in Nb and Y, these features show some tuffs had an A-type character and were related to some type of within-arc extension.Paleowind directions, and distribution, radiometric ages, and compositions of the volcanic ash beds and of plutons in the western United States suggest that the most likely eruption sites were in the subduction-related Jurassic magmatic arc, which extended across western Utah and central Nevada and southward into the Mojave of California and southern Arizona (present-day coordinates). Pb isotopic compositions show that at least some of the ash was erupted from magma systems (now exposed as plutons) in the Mojave Desert.We conclude that a brief ignimbrite flare-up from 157 to 150 Ma, but focused on the time period from 152 to 150 Ma, in this region may have been driven by slab steepening and conversion to a strike-slip boundary after a preceding phase of folding and thrusting. The presence of ash beds with A-type characteristics mixed with those that have more typical subduction signatures confirms that the Late Jurassic was geologically a transitional time in North America when subduction was changing to transtensional movement along the western plate boundary. JF - Special Paper - Geological Society of America AU - Christiansen, Eric H AU - Kowallis, Bart J AU - Dorais, Michael J AU - Hart, Garret L AU - Mills, Chloe N AU - Pickard, Megan AU - Parks, Eric Y1 - 2015/08/20/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Aug 20 SP - 399 EP - 439, 43 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 513 SN - 0072-1077, 0072-1077 KW - Tidwell Member KW - New Mexico KW - electron probe data KW - mineral composition KW - Western U.S. KW - mineral data KW - absolute age KW - stratigraphic units KW - mineral assemblages KW - depositional environment KW - Lake T'oo'dichi' KW - plutons KW - North America KW - Norwood Hill Colorado KW - ignimbrite KW - Beclabito Dome KW - paleogeography KW - distribution KW - tephrostratigraphy KW - uranium ores KW - intrusions KW - metal ores KW - Colorado KW - zeolitization KW - United States KW - mineral deposits, genesis KW - lithostratigraphy KW - alteration KW - neutron activation analysis data KW - Little Cedar Mountain KW - volcanic rocks KW - igneous rocks KW - Dinosaur National Monument KW - metasomatism KW - Montezuma Creek KW - Western Interior KW - whole rock KW - volcanism KW - Mojave Desert KW - X-ray fluorescence spectra KW - Morrison Formation KW - tuff KW - tectonics KW - spectra KW - feldspathization KW - volcanic ash KW - chemical composition KW - concentration KW - petrology KW - Colorado Plateau KW - Upper Jurassic KW - Jurassic KW - isotope ratios KW - argillization KW - Brushy Basin Member KW - vanadium ores KW - Mesozoic KW - Salt Wash Sandstone Member KW - genesis KW - pyroclastics KW - ash falls KW - Arizona KW - Utah KW - phenocrysts KW - 12:Stratigraphy KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1722156899?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Special+Paper+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=The+record+of+volcanism+in+the+Brushy+Basin+Member+of+the+Morrison+Formation%3B+implications+for+the+Late+Jurassic+of+western+North+America&rft.au=Christiansen%2C+Eric+H%3BKowallis%2C+Bart+J%3BDorais%2C+Michael+J%3BHart%2C+Garret+L%3BMills%2C+Chloe+N%3BPickard%2C+Megan%3BParks%2C+Eric&rft.aulast=Christiansen&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft.date=2015-08-20&rft.volume=513&rft.issue=&rft.spage=399&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Special+Paper+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00721077&rft_id=info:doi/10.1130%2F2015.2513%2811%29 L2 - http://specialpapers.gsapubs.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 219 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. geol. sketch maps, 4 tables, strat. cols. N1 - SuppNotes - Online First N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - CODEN - GSAPAZ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absolute age; alteration; argillization; Arizona; ash falls; Beclabito Dome; Brushy Basin Member; chemical composition; Colorado; Colorado Plateau; concentration; depositional environment; Dinosaur National Monument; distribution; electron probe data; feldspathization; genesis; igneous rocks; ignimbrite; intrusions; isotope ratios; Jurassic; Lake T'oo'dichi'; lithostratigraphy; Little Cedar Mountain; Mesozoic; metal ores; metasomatism; mineral assemblages; mineral composition; mineral data; mineral deposits, genesis; Mojave Desert; Montezuma Creek; Morrison Formation; neutron activation analysis data; New Mexico; North America; Norwood Hill Colorado; paleogeography; petrology; phenocrysts; plutons; pyroclastics; Salt Wash Sandstone Member; spectra; stratigraphic units; tectonics; tephrostratigraphy; Tidwell Member; tuff; United States; Upper Jurassic; uranium ores; Utah; vanadium ores; volcanic ash; volcanic rocks; volcanism; Western Interior; Western U.S.; whole rock; X-ray fluorescence spectra; zeolitization DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2015.2513(11) ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Asking the Fish: Using Acoustic Telemetry Data (2008-2012) to Identify Safest Operating Conditions for Juvenile Salmonid Passage at Bonneville Dam T2 - 145th Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2015) AN - 1731769828; 6359406 JF - 145th Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2015) AU - Weiland, Mark AU - Woodley, Christa AU - Kim, Jina AU - Rayamajhi, Bishes AU - Rerecich, Jon AU - Eppard, M Y1 - 2015/08/16/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Aug 16 KW - Acoustic telemetry KW - Data processing KW - Telemetry KW - Anadromous species KW - USA, Columbia R., Bonneville Dam KW - Fish KW - Salmonidae UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1731769828?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=145th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2015%29&rft.atitle=Asking+the+Fish%3A+Using+Acoustic+Telemetry+Data+%282008-2012%29+to+Identify+Safest+Operating+Conditions+for+Juvenile+Salmonid+Passage+at+Bonneville+Dam&rft.au=Weiland%2C+Mark%3BWoodley%2C+Christa%3BKim%2C+Jina%3BRayamajhi%2C+Bishes%3BRerecich%2C+Jon%3BEppard%2C+M&rft.aulast=Weiland&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2015-08-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=145th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://afs.confex.com/afs/2015/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-06 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-09 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Design and Implementation of a New Autonomous Sensor Fish to Turbine Passage Evaluation T2 - 145th Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2015) AN - 1731769772; 6359477 JF - 145th Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2015) AU - Lu, Jun AU - Deng, Z AU - Myjak, Mitchell AU - Martinez, Jayson AU - Tian, Chuan AU - Morris, Scott AU - Carlson, Thomas AU - Zhou, Da AU - Hou, Hongfei Y1 - 2015/08/16/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Aug 16 KW - Turbines KW - Sensors KW - Fish UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1731769772?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=145th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2015%29&rft.atitle=Design+and+Implementation+of+a+New+Autonomous+Sensor+Fish+to+Turbine+Passage+Evaluation&rft.au=Lu%2C+Jun%3BDeng%2C+Z%3BMyjak%2C+Mitchell%3BMartinez%2C+Jayson%3BTian%2C+Chuan%3BMorris%2C+Scott%3BCarlson%2C+Thomas%3BZhou%2C+Da%3BHou%2C+Hongfei&rft.aulast=Lu&rft.aufirst=Jun&rft.date=2015-08-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=145th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://afs.confex.com/afs/2015/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-06 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-09 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Performance Evaluation of the Newly Developed Injectable JSATS Transmitter T2 - 145th Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2015) AN - 1731769582; 6359355 JF - 145th Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2015) AU - Martinez, Jayson AU - Deng, Z AU - Li, Huidong AU - Lu, Jun AU - Eppard, M AU - Weiland, Mark AU - Woodley, Christa AU - McMichael, Geoffrey AU - Hughes, James Y1 - 2015/08/16/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Aug 16 KW - Ecology KW - Fisheries UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1731769582?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=145th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2015%29&rft.atitle=Performance+Evaluation+of+the+Newly+Developed+Injectable+JSATS+Transmitter&rft.au=Martinez%2C+Jayson%3BDeng%2C+Z%3BLi%2C+Huidong%3BLu%2C+Jun%3BEppard%2C+M%3BWeiland%2C+Mark%3BWoodley%2C+Christa%3BMcMichael%2C+Geoffrey%3BHughes%2C+James&rft.aulast=Martinez&rft.aufirst=Jayson&rft.date=2015-08-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=145th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://afs.confex.com/afs/2015/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-06 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-09 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Factors Affecting Survival of Subyearling Chinook Salmon at Little Goose Dam in 2013 T2 - 145th Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2015) AN - 1731769577; 6359414 JF - 145th Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2015) AU - Harnish, Ryan AU - Ham, Kenneth AU - Deng, Z AU - Li, Xinya AU - Pinney, Chris AU - Fu, Tao Y1 - 2015/08/16/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Aug 16 KW - Salmon KW - Anadromous species KW - Survival KW - USA, Washington, Snake R., Little Goose Dam KW - Aquatic birds KW - Oncorhynchus tshawytscha UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1731769577?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=145th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2015%29&rft.atitle=Factors+Affecting+Survival+of+Subyearling+Chinook+Salmon+at+Little+Goose+Dam+in+2013&rft.au=Harnish%2C+Ryan%3BHam%2C+Kenneth%3BDeng%2C+Z%3BLi%2C+Xinya%3BPinney%2C+Chris%3BFu%2C+Tao&rft.aulast=Harnish&rft.aufirst=Ryan&rft.date=2015-08-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=145th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://afs.confex.com/afs/2015/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-06 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-09 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Assessment of Fluctuating Reservoir Elevations Using Hydraulic Models and Impacts on Larval Pacific Lamprey Rearing Habitat in the Bonneville Pool T2 - 145th Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2015) AN - 1731769450; 6359301 JF - 145th Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2015) AU - Mueller, Robert AU - Rakowski, Cindy AU - Perkins, William AU - Richmond, Marshall Y1 - 2015/08/16/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Aug 16 KW - Reservoir KW - Hydraulics KW - Hydraulic models KW - Pacific KW - Larvae KW - Habitat KW - Reservoirs KW - Models KW - Petromyzontidae UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1731769450?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=145th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2015%29&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+Fluctuating+Reservoir+Elevations+Using+Hydraulic+Models+and+Impacts+on+Larval+Pacific+Lamprey+Rearing+Habitat+in+the+Bonneville+Pool&rft.au=Mueller%2C+Robert%3BRakowski%2C+Cindy%3BPerkins%2C+William%3BRichmond%2C+Marshall&rft.aulast=Mueller&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2015-08-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=145th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://afs.confex.com/afs/2015/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-06 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-09 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Juvenile Salmonid Passage, Distribution, and Survival at Foster Dam; Pairing Hydroacoustic and Radio Telemetry Study Results T2 - 145th Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2015) AN - 1731769377; 6359740 JF - 145th Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2015) AU - Hughes, James AU - Khan, Fenton AU - Kim, Jina AU - Bellgraph, Brian AU - Vernon, Chris AU - Vazquez, Jose AU - Johnson, Gary Y1 - 2015/08/16/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Aug 16 KW - Telemetry KW - Radio telemetry KW - Anadromous species KW - Survival KW - Salmonidae UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1731769377?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=145th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2015%29&rft.atitle=Juvenile+Salmonid+Passage%2C+Distribution%2C+and+Survival+at+Foster+Dam%3B+Pairing+Hydroacoustic+and+Radio+Telemetry+Study+Results&rft.au=Hughes%2C+James%3BKhan%2C+Fenton%3BKim%2C+Jina%3BBellgraph%2C+Brian%3BVernon%2C+Chris%3BVazquez%2C+Jose%3BJohnson%2C+Gary&rft.aulast=Hughes&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2015-08-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=145th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://afs.confex.com/afs/2015/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-06 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-09 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Performance of Surface Flow Outlets for Passing Smolts at Hydroelectric Projects T2 - 145th Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2015) AN - 1731769360; 6359403 JF - 145th Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2015) AU - Johnson, Gary AU - Giorgi, Al Y1 - 2015/08/16/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Aug 16 KW - Hydroelectric power KW - Smolts UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1731769360?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=145th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2015%29&rft.atitle=Performance+of+Surface+Flow+Outlets+for+Passing+Smolts+at+Hydroelectric+Projects&rft.au=Johnson%2C+Gary%3BGiorgi%2C+Al&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=Gary&rft.date=2015-08-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=145th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://afs.confex.com/afs/2015/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-06 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-09 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Critical Uncertainties, Environmental Variability, and Biotic Response to Habitat Restoration: Can We Detect Change? T2 - 145th Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2015) AN - 1731769188; 6359064 JF - 145th Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2015) AU - Sather, Nichole AU - Johnson, Gary AU - Teel, David AU - Storch, Adam AU - Skalski, John Y1 - 2015/08/16/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Aug 16 KW - Habitat improvement KW - Climatic changes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1731769188?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=145th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2015%29&rft.atitle=Critical+Uncertainties%2C+Environmental+Variability%2C+and+Biotic+Response+to+Habitat+Restoration%3A+Can+We+Detect+Change%3F&rft.au=Sather%2C+Nichole%3BJohnson%2C+Gary%3BTeel%2C+David%3BStorch%2C+Adam%3BSkalski%2C+John&rft.aulast=Sather&rft.aufirst=Nichole&rft.date=2015-08-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=145th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://afs.confex.com/afs/2015/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-06 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-09 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Fish Presence/Absence and Stream Habitat in Areas Affected By Sediment from Mount Saint Helens Eruption T2 - 145th Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2015) AN - 1731767750; 6358986 JF - 145th Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2015) AU - Fischer, Eric AU - Hughes, James AU - Khan, Fenton AU - McMichael, Geoffrey AU - Arntzen, Evan AU - Vernon, Chris AU - Harnish, Ryan AU - Mckee, Sadie AU - Mueller, Robert AU - Vazquez, Jose Y1 - 2015/08/16/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Aug 16 KW - USA, Washington, Mount St. Helens KW - Eruptions KW - Stream KW - Fish KW - Habitat KW - Streams KW - Sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1731767750?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=145th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2015%29&rft.atitle=Fish+Presence%2FAbsence+and+Stream+Habitat+in+Areas+Affected+By+Sediment+from+Mount+Saint+Helens+Eruption&rft.au=Fischer%2C+Eric%3BHughes%2C+James%3BKhan%2C+Fenton%3BMcMichael%2C+Geoffrey%3BArntzen%2C+Evan%3BVernon%2C+Chris%3BHarnish%2C+Ryan%3BMckee%2C+Sadie%3BMueller%2C+Robert%3BVazquez%2C+Jose&rft.aulast=Fischer&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft.date=2015-08-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=145th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://afs.confex.com/afs/2015/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-06 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-09 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Evaluation of Surgical Tagging Techniques and Guidelines for Implantation of Acoustic Transmitters into Small Juvenile White Sturgeon T2 - 145th Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2015) AN - 1731767586; 6359274 JF - 145th Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2015) AU - Liss, Stephanie AU - Ashton, Neil AU - Brown, Richard AU - Walker, Ricardo AU - Deng, Z AU - Li, Huidong AU - Klassen, Cheryl AU - Backhouse, Stephanie AU - Bates, Phil AU - Howell, Matt Y1 - 2015/08/16/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Aug 16 KW - Acoustics KW - Surgery KW - Guidelines KW - Tagging KW - Acipenser UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1731767586?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=145th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2015%29&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+Surgical+Tagging+Techniques+and+Guidelines+for+Implantation+of+Acoustic+Transmitters+into+Small+Juvenile+White+Sturgeon&rft.au=Liss%2C+Stephanie%3BAshton%2C+Neil%3BBrown%2C+Richard%3BWalker%2C+Ricardo%3BDeng%2C+Z%3BLi%2C+Huidong%3BKlassen%2C+Cheryl%3BBackhouse%2C+Stephanie%3BBates%2C+Phil%3BHowell%2C+Matt&rft.aulast=Liss&rft.aufirst=Stephanie&rft.date=2015-08-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=145th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://afs.confex.com/afs/2015/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-06 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-09 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Use of a New Deep Water Electroshocking Platform to Identify Larval Lamprey Rearing Areas and Associated Habitat Characteristics: Field Validation and New Discoveries in the Columbia River Basin T2 - 145th Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2015) AN - 1731767577; 6359298 JF - 145th Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2015) AU - Arntzen, Evan AU - Mueller, Robert Y1 - 2015/08/16/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Aug 16 KW - USA, Columbia R. basin KW - Larvae KW - River basins KW - Habitat selection KW - Deep water KW - Petromyzontidae UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1731767577?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=145th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2015%29&rft.atitle=Use+of+a+New+Deep+Water+Electroshocking+Platform+to+Identify+Larval+Lamprey+Rearing+Areas+and+Associated+Habitat+Characteristics%3A+Field+Validation+and+New+Discoveries+in+the+Columbia+River+Basin&rft.au=Arntzen%2C+Evan%3BMueller%2C+Robert&rft.aulast=Arntzen&rft.aufirst=Evan&rft.date=2015-08-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=145th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://afs.confex.com/afs/2015/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-06 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-09 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - A Standardized Research Framework to Better Understand Barotrauma-Related Injuries for Sustainable Hydropower in the Mekong River Basin T2 - 145th Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2015) AN - 1731767350; 6359356 JF - 145th Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2015) AU - Walker, Ricardo AU - Brown, Richard AU - Silva, Luiz AU - Beirao, Bernardo Y1 - 2015/08/16/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Aug 16 KW - Injuries KW - Hydroelectric power KW - Asia, Mekong R. basin KW - River basins KW - Standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1731767350?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=145th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2015%29&rft.atitle=A+Standardized+Research+Framework+to+Better+Understand+Barotrauma-Related+Injuries+for+Sustainable+Hydropower+in+the+Mekong+River+Basin&rft.au=Walker%2C+Ricardo%3BBrown%2C+Richard%3BSilva%2C+Luiz%3BBeirao%2C+Bernardo&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=Ricardo&rft.date=2015-08-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=145th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://afs.confex.com/afs/2015/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-06 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-09 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Acoustic Tag Development for Juvenile Salmon, Sturgeon, Eel and Lamprey T2 - 145th Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2015) AN - 1731767274; 6359275 JF - 145th Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2015) AU - Li, Huidong AU - Deng, Z AU - Xiao, Jie AU - Myjak, Mitchell AU - Lu, Jun AU - Martinez, Jayson AU - Carlson, Thomas AU - Weiland, Mark AU - Brown, Richard AU - Eppard, M Y1 - 2015/08/16/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Aug 16 KW - Salmon KW - Fishery surveys KW - Acoustics KW - Anadromous species KW - Stock assessment KW - Catadromous species KW - Petromyzontidae KW - Acipenser KW - Salmonidae UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1731767274?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=145th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2015%29&rft.atitle=Acoustic+Tag+Development+for+Juvenile+Salmon%2C+Sturgeon%2C+Eel+and+Lamprey&rft.au=Li%2C+Huidong%3BDeng%2C+Z%3BXiao%2C+Jie%3BMyjak%2C+Mitchell%3BLu%2C+Jun%3BMartinez%2C+Jayson%3BCarlson%2C+Thomas%3BWeiland%2C+Mark%3BBrown%2C+Richard%3BEppard%2C+M&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Huidong&rft.date=2015-08-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=145th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://afs.confex.com/afs/2015/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-06 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-09 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Whooshh Transport System: Physical, Physiological, and Reproductive Effects of a Novel Approach to Moving Live Fish T2 - 145th Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2015) AN - 1731766034; 6360243 JF - 145th Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2015) AU - Wagner, Katie AU - Colotelo, Alison AU - Linley, Timothy AU - Miracle, Ann AU - Geist, David Y1 - 2015/08/16/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Aug 16 KW - Physiology KW - Fish UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1731766034?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=145th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2015%29&rft.atitle=Whooshh+Transport+System%3A+Physical%2C+Physiological%2C+and+Reproductive+Effects+of+a+Novel+Approach+to+Moving+Live+Fish&rft.au=Wagner%2C+Katie%3BColotelo%2C+Alison%3BLinley%2C+Timothy%3BMiracle%2C+Ann%3BGeist%2C+David&rft.aulast=Wagner&rft.aufirst=Katie&rft.date=2015-08-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=145th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://afs.confex.com/afs/2015/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-06 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-09 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Development and Application of a Next-Generation Radio Telemetry System T2 - 145th Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2015) AN - 1731763080; 6360248 JF - 145th Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2015) AU - Bellgraph, Brian AU - Grant, Cameron AU - Hughes, James AU - Vazquez, Jose AU - Khan, Fenton Y1 - 2015/08/16/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Aug 16 KW - Telemetry KW - Radio telemetry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1731763080?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=145th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2015%29&rft.atitle=Development+and+Application+of+a+Next-Generation+Radio+Telemetry+System&rft.au=Bellgraph%2C+Brian%3BGrant%2C+Cameron%3BHughes%2C+James%3BVazquez%2C+Jose%3BKhan%2C+Fenton&rft.aulast=Bellgraph&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft.date=2015-08-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=145th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://afs.confex.com/afs/2015/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-06 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-09 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pore and continuum scale study of the effect of subgrid transport heterogeneity on redox reaction rates AN - 1703691624; 2015-076396 AB - A micromodel system, which corresponds to one or part of a numerical grid in the continuum model, was used to investigate the effect of subgrid transport heterogeneity on redox reaction rates. Hematite reductive dissolution by injecting a reduced form of flavin mononucleotide (FMNH (sub 2) ) at variable flow rates was used as an example to probe the variations of redox reaction rates in different subgrid transport domains. Experiments, pore-scale simulations, and macroscopic continuum modeling were performed to measure and simulate in-situ hematite reduction and to evaluate the scaling behavior of the redox reaction rates from the pore to continuum scales. The results indicated that the measured pore-scale rates of hematite reduction were consistent with the predictions from a pore-scale reactive transport model. A general trend is that hematite reduction followed reductant transport pathways, starting from the advection-dominated pores toward the interior of diffusion-dominated domains. Two types of diffusion domains were considered in the micromodel: a micropore diffusion domain, which locates inside solid grains or aggregates where reactant transport is limited by diffusion; and a macropore diffusion domain, which locates at wedged, dead-end pore spaces created by the grain-grain contacts. The rate of hematite reduction in the advection-dominated domain was faster than those in the diffusion-controlled domains, and the rate in the macropore diffusion domain was faster than that in the micropore domain. The reduction rates in the advection and macropore diffusion domains increased with increasing flow rate, but were affected by different mechanisms. The rate increase in the advection domain was controlled by the mass action effect as a faster flow supplied more reactants, and the rate increase in the macropore domain was more affected by the rate of mass exchange with the advection domain, which increased with increasing flow rate. The hematite reduction rate in the micropore domain was, however, not affected by the flow rate because molecular diffusion limits reductant supply to the micropore domain interior. Domain-based macroscopic models were evaluated to scale redox reaction rates from the pore to continuum scales. Simulation results from the single domain model, which ignores subgrid transport heterogeneity, deviated significantly from the pore-scale results. Further analysis revealed that the rate expression for hematite reduction was not scalable from the pore to porous media using the single domain model. A three-domain model, which effectively considers subgrid reactive diffusion in the micropore and macropore domains, significantly improved model description. Overall this study revealed the importance of subgrid transport heterogeneity in the manifestation of redox reaction rates in porous media and in scaling reactions from the pore to porous media. The research also supported that the domain-based scaling approach can be used to directly scale redox reactions in porous media with subgrid transport heterogeneity. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Liu, Yuanyuan AU - Liu, Chongxuan AU - Zhang, Changyong AU - Yang, Xiaofan AU - Zachara, John M Y1 - 2015/08/15/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Aug 15 SP - 140 EP - 155 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 163 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - solute transport KW - simulation KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - hematite KW - monomers KW - oxides KW - reduction KW - nucleotides KW - heterogeneity KW - Eh KW - chemical weathering KW - experimental studies KW - diffusion KW - porous materials KW - properties KW - solubility KW - advection KW - weathering KW - models KW - mononucleotides KW - mathematical methods KW - crystal chemistry KW - pore water KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1703691624?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Pore+and+continuum+scale+study+of+the+effect+of+subgrid+transport+heterogeneity+on+redox+reaction+rates&rft.au=Liu%2C+Yuanyuan%3BLiu%2C+Chongxuan%3BZhang%2C+Changyong%3BYang%2C+Xiaofan%3BZachara%2C+John+M&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Yuanyuan&rft.date=2015-08-15&rft.volume=163&rft.issue=&rft.spage=140&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2015.04.039 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 42 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-19 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - advection; chemical reactions; chemical weathering; crystal chemistry; diffusion; Eh; experimental studies; hematite; heterogeneity; mathematical methods; models; monomers; mononucleotides; nucleotides; oxides; pore water; porous materials; properties; reduction; simulation; solubility; solute transport; transport; weathering DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2015.04.039 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of soluble flavin on heterogeneous electron transfer between surface-exposed bacterial cytochromes and iron oxides AN - 1703691539; 2015-076404 AB - Dissimilatory iron-reducing bacteria can utilize insoluble Fe(Mn)-oxides as a terminal electron acceptor under anaerobic conditions. For Shewanella species specifically, evidence suggests that iron reduction is associated with the secretion of flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and riboflavin. However, the exact mechanism of flavin involvement is unclear; while some indicate that flavins mediate electron transfer (Marsili et al., 2008), others point to flavin serving as co-factors to outer membrane proteins Okamoto et al., 2013). In this work, we used methyl viologen (MV (super +) )-encapsulated, porin-cytochrome complex (MtrCAB) embedded liposomes (MELs) as a synthetic model of the Shewanella outer membrane to investigate the proposed mediating behavior of microbially produced flavins. The reduction kinetics of goethite, hematite and lepidocrocite (200 mu M) by MELs ([MV (super +) ] approximately 40 mu M and MtrABC hematite > goethite, the same as their reduction potentials, implying thermodynamic control on reaction rate. For LEP, with the highest reduction potential among the three Fe(III)-oxides, its reduction by FMNH (sub 2) was completed in less than 10 min, suggesting that FMN was capable of mediating electron transfer to LEP. At higher FMN concentrations (>1 mu M), the reaction rates for both steps decreased and varied inversely with FMN concentration, indicating that FMN inhibited the MEL to Fe(III)-oxide electron transfer reaction under these conditions. The implications of the observed kinetic behaviors to flavin-mediated Fe(III)-oxide reduction in natural environments are discussed. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Wang, Zheming AU - Shi, Zhi AU - Shi, Liang AU - White, Gaye F AU - Richardson, David J AU - Clarke, Thomas A AU - Fredrickson, Jim K AU - Zachara, John M Y1 - 2015/08/15/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Aug 15 SP - 299 EP - 310 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 163 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - iron oxides KW - biochemistry KW - pollution KW - solubility KW - bioremediation KW - iron KW - remediation KW - geochemical cycle KW - molecular structure KW - models KW - biogenic processes KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - oxides KW - anaerobic environment KW - reduction KW - crystal chemistry KW - kinetics KW - pH KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1703691539?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Effects+of+soluble+flavin+on+heterogeneous+electron+transfer+between+surface-exposed+bacterial+cytochromes+and+iron+oxides&rft.au=Wang%2C+Zheming%3BShi%2C+Zhi%3BShi%2C+Liang%3BWhite%2C+Gaye+F%3BRichardson%2C+David+J%3BClarke%2C+Thomas+A%3BFredrickson%2C+Jim+K%3BZachara%2C+John+M&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Zheming&rft.date=2015-08-15&rft.volume=163&rft.issue=&rft.spage=299&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2015.03.039 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 41 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-13 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anaerobic environment; bacteria; biochemistry; biogenic processes; bioremediation; crystal chemistry; geochemical cycle; iron; iron oxides; kinetics; metals; models; molecular structure; oxides; pH; pollution; reduction; remediation; solubility DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2015.03.039 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Modeling the gap: Scaling soil carbon models from the microbe to the globe T2 - 100th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2015) AN - 1731765952; 6363008 JF - 100th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2015) AU - Todd-Brown, Katherine AU - Mayes, Melanie Y1 - 2015/08/09/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Aug 09 KW - Soil KW - Carbon KW - Scaling KW - Models UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1731765952?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=100th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2015%29&rft.atitle=Modeling+the+gap%3A+Scaling+soil+carbon+models+from+the+microbe+to+the+globe&rft.au=Todd-Brown%2C+Katherine%3BMayes%2C+Melanie&rft.aulast=Todd-Brown&rft.aufirst=Katherine&rft.date=2015-08-09&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=100th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2015/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-06 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-09 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A preliminary regional PBPK model of lung metabolism for improving species dependent descriptions of 1,3-butadiene and its metabolites. AN - 1701342089; 26079054 AB - 1,3-Butadiene (BD), a volatile organic chemical (VOC), is used in synthetic rubber production and other industrial processes. It is detectable at low levels in ambient air as well as in tobacco smoke and gasoline vapors. Inhalation exposures to high concentrations of BD have been associated with lung cancer in both humans and experimental animals, although differences in species sensitivity have been observed. Metabolically active lung cells such as Pulmonary Type I and Type II epithelial cells and club cells (Clara cells)(1) are potential targets of BD metabolite-induced toxicity. Metabolic capacities of these cells, their regional densities, and distributions vary throughout the respiratory tract as well as between species and cell types. Here we present a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for BD that includes a regional model of lung metabolism, based on a previous model for styrene, to provide species-dependent descriptions of BD metabolism in the mouse, rat, and human. Since there are no in vivo data on BD pharmacokinetics in the human, the rat and mouse models were parameterized to the extent possible on the basis of in vitro metabolic data. Where it was necessary to use in vivo data, extrapolation from rat to mouse was performed to evaluate the level of uncertainty in the human model. A kidney compartment and description of downstream metabolism were also included in the model to allow for eventual use of available urinary and blood biomarker data in animals and humans to calibrate the model for estimation of BD exposures and internal metabolite levels. Results from simulated inhalation exposures to BD indicate that incorporation of differential lung region metabolism is important in describing species differences in pulmonary response and that these differences may have implications for risk assessments of human exposures to BD. JF - Chemico-biological interactions AU - Campbell, Jerry AU - Van Landingham, Cynthia AU - Crowell, Susan AU - Gentry, Robinan AU - Kaden, Debra AU - Fiebelkorn, Stacy AU - Loccisano, Anne AU - Clewell, Harvey AD - The Hamner Institutes for Health Research, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA. Electronic address: jcampbell@thehamner.org. ; Ramboll Environ, 1900 N. 18th St., Suite 804, Monroe, LA 71201, USA. Electronic address: cvanlandingham@environcorp.com. ; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, WA 99352, USA. Electronic address: susan.r.crowell@gmail.com. ; Ramboll Environ, 1900 N. 18th St., Suite 804, Monroe, LA 71201, USA. Electronic address: rgentry@environcorp.com. ; Ramboll Environ, 20 Custom House Street, Suite 800, Boston, MA 02110, USA. Electronic address: dkaden@environcorp.com. ; British American Tobacco (Investments) Ltd, Research and Development, Regents Park Road, Southampton SO15 8TL, UK. Electronic address: Stacy_Fiebelkorn@bat.com. ; R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company, P.O. Box 1487, Winston-Salem, NC 27102, USA. Electronic address: loccisa@rjrt.com. ; The Hamner Institutes for Health Research, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA; Ramboll Environ, 1900 N. 18th St., Suite 804, Monroe, LA 71201, USA. Electronic address: hclewell@environcorp.com. Y1 - 2015/08/05/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Aug 05 SP - 102 EP - 110 VL - 238 KW - Butadienes KW - 0 KW - 1,3-butadiene KW - JSD5FGP5VD KW - Index Medicus KW - Physiologically – based pharmacokinetic model KW - PBPK KW - Lung metabolism KW - 1,3-Butadiene KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Kidney -- metabolism KW - Half-Life KW - Humans KW - Mice KW - Butadienes -- analysis KW - Lung -- metabolism KW - Butadienes -- metabolism KW - Models, Biological KW - Butadienes -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1701342089?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemico-biological+interactions&rft.atitle=A+preliminary+regional+PBPK+model+of+lung+metabolism+for+improving+species+dependent+descriptions+of+1%2C3-butadiene+and+its+metabolites.&rft.au=Campbell%2C+Jerry%3BVan+Landingham%2C+Cynthia%3BCrowell%2C+Susan%3BGentry%2C+Robinan%3BKaden%2C+Debra%3BFiebelkorn%2C+Stacy%3BLoccisano%2C+Anne%3BClewell%2C+Harvey&rft.aulast=Campbell&rft.aufirst=Jerry&rft.date=2015-08-05&rft.volume=238&rft.issue=&rft.spage=102&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemico-biological+interactions&rft.issn=1872-7786&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.cbi.2015.05.025 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-10-20 N1 - Date created - 2015-08-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cbi.2015.05.025 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Field test of enhanced remedial amendment delivery using a shear-thinning fluid AN - 1812218732; 2016-070150 AB - Heterogeneity of hydraulic properties in aquifers may lead to contaminants residing in lower-permeability zones where it is difficult to deliver remediation amendments using conventional injection processes. The focus of this study is to examine use of a shear-thinning fluid (STF) to improve the uniformity of remedial amendment distribution within a heterogeneous aquifer. Previous studies have demonstrated the significant potential of STFs for improving remedial amendment delivery in heterogeneous aquifers, but quantitative evaluation of these improvements from field applications is lacking. A field-scale test was conducted that compares data from successive injection of a tracer in water followed by injection of a tracer in an STF to evaluate the impact of the STF on tracer distribution uniformity in the presence of permeability contrasts within the targeted injection zone. Data from tracer breakthrough at multiple depth-discrete monitoring intervals and electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) showed that inclusion of STF in the injection solution improved the distribution of the injected fluid within the targeted treatment zone. One improvement was a reduction in the movement of injected fluids through high-permeability pathways, as evidenced by slower breakthrough of tracer at monitoring locations where breakthrough in baseline tracer-only injection data was faster. In addition, STF-amended injection solutions arrived faster and to a greater extent in monitoring locations within low-permeability zones. ERT data showed that the STF injection covered a higher percentage of a two-dimensional cross section within the injection interval between the injection well and a monitoring well about 3 m away. Abstract Copyright (2015), National Ground Water Association. JF - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation AU - Truex, Michael J AU - Vermeul, Vince R AU - Adamson, David T AU - Oostrom, Mart AU - Zhong, Lirong AU - Mackley, Rob D AU - Fritz, Brad G AU - Horner, Jake A AU - Johnson, Tim C AU - Thomle, Jonathan N AU - Newcomer, Darrell R AU - Johnson, Chris D AU - Rysz, Michal AU - Wietsma, Tom W AU - Newell, Charles J Y1 - 2015/08// PY - 2015 DA - August 2015 SP - 34 EP - 45 PB - Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of National Ground Water Association, Malden, MA VL - 35 IS - 3 SN - 1069-3629, 1069-3629 KW - tomography KW - contaminant plumes KW - aqueous solutions KW - preferential flow KW - fluid dynamics KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - tracers KW - breakthrough curves KW - polymers KW - flowmeters KW - liquid phase KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - injection KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - pollution KW - resistivity KW - aquifers KW - heterogeneous materials KW - shear KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - permeability KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1812218732?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.atitle=Field+test+of+enhanced+remedial+amendment+delivery+using+a+shear-thinning+fluid&rft.au=Truex%2C+Michael+J%3BVermeul%2C+Vince+R%3BAdamson%2C+David+T%3BOostrom%2C+Mart%3BZhong%2C+Lirong%3BMackley%2C+Rob+D%3BFritz%2C+Brad+G%3BHorner%2C+Jake+A%3BJohnson%2C+Tim+C%3BThomle%2C+Jonathan+N%3BNewcomer%2C+Darrell+R%3BJohnson%2C+Chris+D%3BRysz%2C+Michal%3BWietsma%2C+Tom+W%3BNewell%2C+Charles+J&rft.aulast=Truex&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2015-08-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=34&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.issn=10693629&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fgwmr.12101 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6592 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 49 N1 - PubXState - MA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aqueous solutions; aquifers; breakthrough curves; contaminant plumes; electrical methods; flowmeters; fluid dynamics; geophysical methods; ground water; heterogeneous materials; hydraulic conductivity; injection; liquid phase; monitoring; permeability; pollutants; pollution; polymers; preferential flow; remediation; resistivity; shear; tomography; tracers DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gwmr.12101 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Field Soil Water Retention of the Prototype Hanford Barrier and Its Variability with Space and Time AN - 1811909570; PQ0003419242 AB - This study provides information useful for evaluating the performance of an evapotranspiration surface barrier, for understanding the importance of hysteresis and the temporal impact of the retention properties, and for improving prediction accuracty of flow in a surface cover. Engineered surface barriers (or covers) are used to isolate underlying contaminants from water, plants, animals, and humans. To understand the flow processes within a barrier and the barrier's ability to store and release water, the field hydraulic properties of the barrier need to be known. A multiyear test of the evapotranspiration (ET) barrier at the US Department of Energy's Hanford Site in the southeast of the state of Washington has yielded in situ soil water content and pressure data from multiple locations for a 9-yr period, offering the opportunity to estimate soil water retention properties at different locations and times. The upper 2-m layer of the ET barrier is a silt loam, and the top 1 m also contains 15% (w/w) pea gravel. Within this layer, valid monitoring data from 1995 to 2003 for four depths at 12 monitoring stations were used to determine the field water retention of the silt loam, with and without gravel. The data covered a wide range of wetness, from near saturation to the permanent wilting point, and each retention curve contained 51 to 96 data points. The data were described well with the commonly used van Genuchten water retention model. It was found that the spatial variation of the saturated and residual water content and the pore size distribution parameter was relatively small, while that of the van Genuchten alpha was relatively large. The effects of spatial variability of the retention properties appeared to be larger than the combined effects of added pea gravel and plant roots on the properties. Neither the primary wetting process in the winter season nor the drying process in the summer season nor time had a detectable effect on the water retention of the silt loam barrier. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Zhang, ZFred AD - Hydrology Group, Earth Systems Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Lab., Richland WA 99352, fred.zhang@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2015/08// PY - 2015 DA - August 2015 SP - vzj2015.01.0011 PB - Soil Science Society of America, 677 South Segoe Rd Maxison WI 53711 United States VL - 14 IS - 8 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - ET, evapotranspiration KW - HDU, heat dissipation unit KW - NP, neutron probe KW - PHB, Prototype Hanford Barrier KW - WRC, water retention curve KW - Flow KW - Gravel KW - Barriers KW - Prototypes KW - Silt KW - Drying KW - Roots KW - Evapotranspiration KW - Soil Water KW - INE, USA, Washington KW - Retention KW - Loam KW - USA, Washington, Hanford Site KW - Spatial variations KW - Soils KW - Monitoring KW - Monitoring systems KW - Q2 09103:Information services KW - SW 0810:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1811909570?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Field+Soil+Water+Retention+of+the+Prototype+Hanford+Barrier+and+Its+Variability+with+Space+and+Time&rft.au=Zhang%2C+ZFred&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=ZFred&rft.date=2015-08-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=vzj2015.01.0011&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fvzj2015.01.0011 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Spatial variations; Barriers; Prototypes; Soils; Roots; Drying; Silt; Evapotranspiration; Monitoring systems; Flow; Gravel; Soil Water; Monitoring; Loam; Retention; INE, USA, Washington; USA, Washington, Hanford Site DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/vzj2015.01.0011 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory library of bacterial and archaeal proteomic biodiversity AN - 1808739210; PQ0003204584 AB - This Data Descriptor announces the submission to public repositories of the PNNL Biodiversity Library, a large collection of global proteomics data for 112 bacterial and archaeal organisms. The data comprises 35,162 tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) datasets from ~10 years of research. All data has been searched, annotated and organized in a consistent manner to promote reuse by the community. Protein identifications were cross-referenced with KEGG functional annotations which allows for pathway oriented investigation. We present the data as a freely available community resource. A variety of data re-use options are described for computational modelling, proteomics assay design and bioengineering. Instrument data and analysis files are available at ProteomeXchange via the MassIVE partner repository under the identifiers PXD001860 and MSV000079053. JF - Scientific Data AU - Payne, Samuel H AU - Monroe, Matthew E AU - Overall, Christopher C AU - Kiebel, Gary R AU - Degan, Michael AU - Gibbons, Bryson C AU - Fujimoto, Grant M AU - Purvine, Samuel O AU - Adkins, Joshua N AU - Lipton, Mary S AU - Smith, Richard D AD - Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA Y1 - 2015/08// PY - 2015 DA - August 2015 SP - 150041 PB - Nature Publishing Group, The Macmillan Building London N1 9XW United Kingdom VL - 2 SN - 2052-4463, 2052-4463 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - Bacteria KW - Data processing KW - Biological diversity KW - Mass spectrometry KW - Biodiversity KW - Proteins KW - proteomics KW - Computer applications KW - Mass spectroscopy KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - N 14810:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1808739210?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Scientific+Data&rft.atitle=The+Pacific+Northwest+National+Laboratory+library+of+bacterial+and+archaeal+proteomic+biodiversity&rft.au=Payne%2C+Samuel+H%3BMonroe%2C+Matthew+E%3BOverall%2C+Christopher+C%3BKiebel%2C+Gary+R%3BDegan%2C+Michael%3BGibbons%2C+Bryson+C%3BFujimoto%2C+Grant+M%3BPurvine%2C+Samuel+O%3BAdkins%2C+Joshua+N%3BLipton%2C+Mary+S%3BSmith%2C+Richard+D&rft.aulast=Payne&rft.aufirst=Samuel&rft.date=2015-08-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=150041&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Scientific+Data&rft.issn=20524463&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fsdata.2015.41 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Data processing; Proteins; Biodiversity; proteomics; Computer applications; Mass spectroscopy; Mass spectrometry; Biological diversity; Bacteria DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2015.41 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Improving the representation of hydrologic processes in Earth system models AN - 1780802301; 2016-032119 AB - Many of the scientific and societal challenges in understanding and preparing for global environmental change rest upon our ability to understand and predict the water cycle change at large river basin, continent, and global scales. However, current large-scale land models (as a component of Earth System Models, or ESMs) do not yet reflect the best hydrologic process understanding or utilize the large amount of hydrologic observations for model testing. This paper discusses the opportunities and key challenges to improve hydrologic process representations and benchmarking in ESM land models, suggesting that (1) land model development can benefit from recent advances in hydrology, both through incorporating key processes (e.g., groundwater-surface water interactions) and new approaches to describe multiscale spatial variability and hydrologic connectivity; (2) accelerating model advances requires comprehensive hydrologic benchmarking in order to systematically evaluate competing alternatives, understand model weaknesses, and prioritize model development needs, and (3) stronger collaboration is needed between the hydrology and ESM modeling communities, both through greater engagement of hydrologists in ESM land model development, and through rigorous evaluation of ESM hydrology performance in research watersheds or Critical Zone Observatories. Such coordinated efforts in advancing hydrology in ESMs have the potential to substantially impact energy, carbon, and nutrient cycle prediction capabilities through the fundamental role hydrologic processes play in regulating these cycles. Abstract Copyright (2015), American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Clark, Martyn P AU - Fan, Ying AU - Lawrence, David M AU - Adam, Jennifer C AU - Bolster, Diogo AU - Gochis, David J AU - Hooper, Richard P AU - Kumar, Mukesh AU - Leung, L Ruby AU - Mackay, D Scott AU - Maxwell, Reed M AU - Shen, Chaopeng AU - Swenson, Sean C AU - Zeng, Xubin Y1 - 2015/08// PY - 2015 DA - August 2015 SP - 5929 EP - 5956 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 51 IS - 8 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - hydrology KW - numerical models KW - development KW - floodplains KW - channels KW - ground water KW - models KW - hydrologic cycle KW - catchment hydrodynamics KW - Earth system models KW - fluvial features KW - hydrodynamics KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1780802301?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Improving+the+representation+of+hydrologic+processes+in+Earth+system+models&rft.au=Clark%2C+Martyn+P%3BFan%2C+Ying%3BLawrence%2C+David+M%3BAdam%2C+Jennifer+C%3BBolster%2C+Diogo%3BGochis%2C+David+J%3BHooper%2C+Richard+P%3BKumar%2C+Mukesh%3BLeung%2C+L+Ruby%3BMackay%2C+D+Scott%3BMaxwell%2C+Reed+M%3BShen%2C+Chaopeng%3BSwenson%2C+Sean+C%3BZeng%2C+Xubin&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=Martyn&rft.date=2015-08-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=5929&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2015WR017096 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 282 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-14 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - catchment hydrodynamics; channels; development; Earth system models; floodplains; fluvial features; ground water; hydrodynamics; hydrologic cycle; hydrology; models; numerical models DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015WR017096 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Four-dimensional electrical conductivity monitoring of stage-driven river water intrusion; accounting for water table effects using a transient mesh boundary and conditional inversion constraints AN - 1780802269; 2016-032132 AB - This paper describes and demonstrates two methods of providing a priori information to the surface-based time-lapse three-dimensional electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) problem for monitoring stage-driven or tide-driven surface water intrusion into aquifers. First, a mesh boundary is implemented that conforms to the known location of the water table through time, thereby enabling the inversion to place a sharp bulk conductivity contrast at that boundary without penalty. Second, a nonlinear inequality constraint is used to allow only positive or negative transient changes in EC to occur within the saturated zone, dependent on the relative contrast in fluid electrical conductivity between surface water and groundwater. A 3-D field experiment demonstrates that time-lapse imaging results using traditional smoothness constraints are unable to delineate river water intrusion. The water table and inequality constraints provide the inversion with the additional information necessary to resolve the spatial extent of river water intrusion through time. Abstract Copyright (2015), American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Johnson, Tim AU - Versteeg, Roelof AU - Thomle, Jon AU - Hammond, Glenn AU - Chen, Xingyuan AU - Zachara, John Y1 - 2015/08// PY - 2015 DA - August 2015 SP - 6177 EP - 6196 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 51 IS - 8 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - United States KW - tomography KW - electrical conductivity KW - unsaturated zone KW - ground water KW - saturated zone KW - Western U.S. KW - Columbia River basin KW - time-lapse methods KW - water pollution KW - hydrology KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - four-dimensional models KW - three-dimensional models KW - surface water KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - resistivity KW - aquifers KW - water table KW - transient phenomena KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1780802269?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Four-dimensional+electrical+conductivity+monitoring+of+stage-driven+river+water+intrusion%3B+accounting+for+water+table+effects+using+a+transient+mesh+boundary+and+conditional+inversion+constraints&rft.au=Johnson%2C+Tim%3BVersteeg%2C+Roelof%3BThomle%2C+Jon%3BHammond%2C+Glenn%3BChen%2C+Xingyuan%3BZachara%2C+John&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=Tim&rft.date=2015-08-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=6177&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2014WR016129 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 66 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-14 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; Columbia River basin; electrical conductivity; electrical methods; four-dimensional models; geophysical methods; ground water; Hanford Site; hydrology; monitoring; pollution; resistivity; saturated zone; surface water; three-dimensional models; time-lapse methods; tomography; transient phenomena; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington; water pollution; water table; Western U.S. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014WR016129 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High Energy Density Lithium-Sulfur Batteries: Challenges of Thick Sulfur Cathodes AN - 1770365980; PQ0001932201 AB - High energy and cost-effective lithium sulfur (Li-S) battery technology has been vigorously revisited in recent years due to the urgent need of advanced energy storage technologies for green transportation and large-scale energy storage applications. However, the market penetration of Li-S batteries has been plagued due to the gap in scientific knowledge between the fundamental research and the real application need. Here, a facile and effective approach to integrate commercial carbon nanoparticles into microsized secondary ones for application in high loading sulfur electrodes is proposed The slurry with the integrated particles is easily cast into electrode laminates with practically usable mass loadings. Uniform and crack-free coating with high loading of 2-8 mg cm super(-2) sulfur are successfully achieved. Based on the obtained thick electrodes, the dependence of areal specific capacity on mass loading, factors influencing electrode performance, and measures used to address the existing issues are studied and discussed. A facile and effective approach is proposed to integrate commercial carbon nanoparticles into microsized secondary ones for application as high loading sulfur cathodes, targeting use in high energy density Li-S batteries. Uniform electrodes with high loading of 2-8 mg cm super(-2) sulfur are successfully achieved. JF - Advanced Energy Materials AU - Lv, Dongping AU - Zheng, Jianming AU - Li, Qiuyan AU - Xie, Xi AU - Ferrara, Seth AU - Nie, Zimin AU - Mehdi, Layla B AU - Browning, Nigel D AU - Zhang, Ji-Guang AU - Graff, Gordon L AU - Liu, Jun AU - Xiao, Jie AD - Electrochemical Materials and Systems Group, Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA, 99352, USA. Y1 - 2015/08// PY - 2015 DA - August 2015 SP - n, a PB - Wiley-Blackwell, Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD United Kingdom VL - 5 IS - 16 SN - 1614-6832, 1614-6832 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); ANTE: Abstracts in New Technologies and Engineering (AN); Aerospace & High Technology Database (AH) KW - Sulfur KW - Cathodes KW - Lithium sulfur batteries KW - Carbon KW - Electrodes KW - Energy storage KW - Nanoparticles KW - Energy density KW - Yes:(AN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1770365980?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advanced+Energy+Materials&rft.atitle=High+Energy+Density+Lithium-Sulfur+Batteries%3A+Challenges+of+Thick+Sulfur+Cathodes&rft.au=Lv%2C+Dongping%3BZheng%2C+Jianming%3BLi%2C+Qiuyan%3BXie%2C+Xi%3BFerrara%2C+Seth%3BNie%2C+Zimin%3BMehdi%2C+Layla+B%3BBrowning%2C+Nigel+D%3BZhang%2C+Ji-Guang%3BGraff%2C+Gordon+L%3BLiu%2C+Jun%3BXiao%2C+Jie&rft.aulast=Lv&rft.aufirst=Dongping&rft.date=2015-08-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=16&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advanced+Energy+Materials&rft.issn=16146832&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Faenm.201402290 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-04 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201402290 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Accurate modelling and inversion of electrical resistivity data in the presence of metallic infrastructure with known location and dimension AN - 1769967074; 2016-018992 AB - Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) has been widely used in environmental applications to study processes associated with subsurface contaminants and contaminant remediation. Anthropogenic alterations in subsurface electrical conductivity associated with contamination often originate from highly industrialized areas with significant amounts of buried metallic infrastructure. The deleterious influence of such infrastructure on imaging results generally limits the utility of ERT where it might otherwise prove useful for subsurface investigation and monitoring. In this manuscript we present a method of accurately modelling the effects of buried conductive infrastructure within the forward modelling algorithm, thereby removing them from the inversion results. The method is implemented in parallel using immersed interface boundary conditions, whereby the global solution is reconstructed from a series of well-conditioned partial solutions. Forward modelling accuracy is demonstrated by comparison with analytic solutions. Synthetic imaging examples are used to investigate imaging capabilities within a subsurface containing electrically conductive buried tanks, transfer piping, and well casing, using both well casings and vertical electrode arrays as current sources and potential measurement electrodes. Results show that, although accurate infrastructure modelling removes the dominating influence of buried metallic features, the presence of metallic infrastructure degrades imaging resolution compared to ERT imaging in the absence of infrastructure. However, it is possible to rectify this degradation in resolution through appropriate placement of electrodes. JF - Geophysical Journal International AU - Johnson, T C AU - Wellman, D Y1 - 2015/08// PY - 2015 DA - August 2015 SP - 1096 EP - 1108 PB - Oxford University Press on behalf of The Royal Astronomical Society, the Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft and the European Geophysical Society VL - 202 IS - 2 SN - 0956-540X, 0956-540X KW - tomography KW - electrical logging KW - numerical models KW - contaminant plumes KW - well-logging KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - resistivity KW - pipelines KW - burial KW - boundary conditions KW - remediation KW - models KW - conductivity KW - mathematical methods KW - algorithms KW - arrays KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1769967074?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Journal+International&rft.atitle=Accurate+modelling+and+inversion+of+electrical+resistivity+data+in+the+presence+of+metallic+infrastructure+with+known+location+and+dimension&rft.au=Johnson%2C+T+C%3BWellman%2C+D&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2015-08-01&rft.volume=202&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=1096&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Journal+International&rft.issn=0956540X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Fgji%2Fggv206 L2 - http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/journal.asp?ref=0956-540X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; arrays; boundary conditions; burial; conductivity; contaminant plumes; electrical logging; electrical methods; geophysical methods; mathematical methods; models; numerical models; pipelines; pollution; remediation; resistivity; tomography; unsaturated zone; well-logging DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggv206 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reagent-free and portable detection of Bacillus anthracis spores using a microfluidic incubator and smartphone microscope AN - 1722178324; PQ0001945044 AB - Bacillus anthracis is the causative agent of anthrax and can be contracted by humans and herbivorous mammals by inhalation, ingestion, or cutaneous exposure to bacterial spores. Due to its stability and disease potential, B. anthracis is a recognized biothreat agent and robust detection and viability methods are needed to identify spores from unknown samples. Here we report the use of smartphone-based microscopy (SPM) in combination with a simple microfluidic incubation device (MID) to detect 50 to 5000 B. anthracis Sterne spores in 3 to 5 hours. This technique relies on optical monitoring of the conversion of the similar to 1 mu m spores to the filamentous vegetative cells that range from tens to hundreds of micrometers in length. This distinguishing filament formation is unique to B. anthracis as compared to other members of the Bacillus cereus group. A unique feature of this approach is that the sample integrity is maintained, and the vegetative biomass can be removed from the chip for secondary molecular analysis such as PCR. Compared with existing chip-based and rapid viability PCR methods, this new approach reduces assay time by almost half, and is highly sensitive, specific, and cost effective. JF - Analyst (Cambridge UK) AU - Hutchison, Janine R AU - Erikson, Rebecca L AU - Sheen, Allison M AU - Ozanich, Richard M AU - Kelly, Ryan T AD - Chemical Biological Signatures Science; National Security Directorate; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; P. O. Box 999; Richland; Washington 99352; USA; +1 509-375-2227; +1 509-372-6301; , Janine.Hutchison@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2015/08// PY - 2015 DA - Aug 2015 SP - 6269 EP - 6276 PB - The Royal Society of Chemistry, Thomas Graham House, Milton Road Cambridge CB4 0WF United Kingdom VL - 140 IS - 18 SN - 0003-2654, 0003-2654 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Inhalation KW - Microfluidics KW - Microscopes KW - Microscopy KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Anthrax KW - Spores KW - Biomass KW - Bacillus KW - Filaments KW - Vegetative cells KW - J 02300:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1722178324?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analyst+%28Cambridge+UK%29&rft.atitle=Reagent-free+and+portable+detection+of+Bacillus+anthracis+spores+using+a+microfluidic+incubator+and+smartphone+microscope&rft.au=Hutchison%2C+Janine+R%3BErikson%2C+Rebecca+L%3BSheen%2C+Allison+M%3BOzanich%2C+Richard+M%3BKelly%2C+Ryan+T&rft.aulast=Hutchison&rft.aufirst=Janine&rft.date=2015-08-01&rft.volume=140&rft.issue=18&rft.spage=6269&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analyst+%28Cambridge+UK%29&rft.issn=00032654&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc5an01304f LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 45 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Inhalation; Microfluidics; Microscopes; Microscopy; Anthrax; Polymerase chain reaction; Biomass; Spores; Vegetative cells; Filaments; Bacillus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5an01304f ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Aerosol transport and wet scavenging in deep convective clouds: A case study and model evaluation using a multiple passive tracer analysis approach AN - 1722177752; PQ0002019092 AB - Wet scavenging of aerosols by continental deep convective clouds is studied for a supercell storm complex observed over Oklahoma during the Deep Convective Clouds and Chemistry campaign. A new passive-tracer-based transport analysis framework is developed to characterize convective transport using vertical profiles of several passive trace gases. For this case, the analysis estimates that observed passive gas mixing ratios in the upper troposphere convective outflow consist of 47% low level (<3km) inflow air, 32% entrained midtroposphere air, and 21% upper troposphere air. The new analysis framework is used to estimate aerosol wet scavenging efficiencies. Observations yield high overall scavenging efficiencies of 81% for submicron aerosol mass. Organic, sulfate, and ammonium aerosols have similar wet scavenging efficiencies (80%-84%). The apparent scavenging efficiency for nitrate aerosol is much lower (57%), but the scavenging efficiency for nitrate aerosol plus nitric acid combined (84%) is close to the other species. Scavenging efficiencies for aerosol number are high for larger particles (84% for 0.15-2.5 mu m diameter) but are lower for smaller particles (64% for 0.03-0.15 mu m). The storm is simulated using the chemistry version of the Weather Research and Forecasting model. Compared to the observation-based analysis, the standard model strongly underestimates aerosol scavenging efficiencies by 32% and 41% in absolute differences for submicron mass and number. Adding a new treatment of secondary activation significantly improves simulated aerosol scavenging, producing wet scavenging efficiencies that are only 7% and 8% lower than observed efficiencies. This finding emphasizes the importance of secondary activation for aerosol wet removal in deep convective storms. Key Points * A multipassive tracer method for analyzing convective transport and wet removal * High wet removal rates for aerosol number/mass with little chemical selectivity * Secondary activation is important for aerosol wet removal in convective storms JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres AU - Yang, Qing AU - Easter, Richard C AU - Campuzano-Jost, Pedro AU - Jimenez, Jose L AU - Fast, Jerome D AU - Ghan, Steven J AU - Wang, Hailong AU - Berg, Larry K AU - Barth, Mary C AU - Liu, Ying AU - Shrivastava, Manishkumar B AU - Singh, Balwinder AU - Morrison, Hugh AU - Fan, Jiwen AU - Ziegler, Conrad L AU - Bela, Megan AU - Apel, Eric AU - Diskin, Glenn S AU - Mikoviny, Tomas AU - Wisthaler, Armin AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA. Y1 - 2015/08// PY - 2015 DA - August 2015 SP - 8448 EP - 8468 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ United States VL - 120 IS - 16 SN - 2169-897X, 2169-897X KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Sulfates KW - Prediction KW - Atmospheric pollution models KW - Aerosol transport KW - Particulates KW - Storms KW - USA, Oklahoma KW - Evaluation KW - Tracers KW - Case studies KW - Atmospheric chemistry models KW - Nitric acid KW - Mixing ratio KW - Convective transport KW - Weather forecasting KW - Modelling KW - Ammonium compounds KW - Weather KW - Ammonium KW - Aerosols KW - Nitrates KW - Case Studies KW - Organic aerosols in atmosphere KW - Outflow KW - Supercells KW - Troposphere KW - Nitric acids KW - Convective storms KW - Vertical profiles KW - Clouds KW - Gases KW - Supercell forecasting KW - Convective activity KW - Standards KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - SW 0810:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1722177752?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.atitle=Aerosol+transport+and+wet+scavenging+in+deep+convective+clouds%3A+A+case+study+and+model+evaluation+using+a+multiple+passive+tracer+analysis+approach&rft.au=Yang%2C+Qing%3BEaster%2C+Richard+C%3BCampuzano-Jost%2C+Pedro%3BJimenez%2C+Jose+L%3BFast%2C+Jerome+D%3BGhan%2C+Steven+J%3BWang%2C+Hailong%3BBerg%2C+Larry+K%3BBarth%2C+Mary+C%3BLiu%2C+Ying%3BShrivastava%2C+Manishkumar+B%3BSingh%2C+Balwinder%3BMorrison%2C+Hugh%3BFan%2C+Jiwen%3BZiegler%2C+Conrad+L%3BBela%2C+Megan%3BApel%2C+Eric%3BDiskin%2C+Glenn+S%3BMikoviny%2C+Tomas%3BWisthaler%2C+Armin&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=Qing&rft.date=2015-08-01&rft.volume=120&rft.issue=16&rft.spage=8448&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.issn=2169897X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2015JD023647 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Prediction; Tracers; Aerosols; Troposphere; Nitric acids; Weather forecasting; Vertical profiles; Ammonium compounds; Modelling; Clouds; Atmospheric pollution models; Aerosol transport; Supercell forecasting; Organic aerosols in atmosphere; Atmospheric chemistry models; Convective activity; Supercells; Mixing ratio; Convective transport; Storms; Convective storms; Sulfates; Ammonium; Weather; Nitrates; Outflow; Particulates; Gases; Case studies; Nitric acid; Evaluation; Case Studies; Standards; USA, Oklahoma DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015JD023647 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A coupled discrete element and finite element model for multiscale simulation of geological carbon sequestration AN - 1712771412; PQ0001932572 AB - We present a numerical study using a discrete element method (DEM) coupled with a finite element method (FEM) at the boundary to simulate the fluid flow, geomechanical deformation, and dynamic fracturing together to enhance the sustainability analysis for geological sequestration of CO sub(2). The fluid flow, geomechanical deformation, and fracturing due to the injection of fluid are all modeled by the bonded DEM (bonded-DEM), where fluid flow is modeled by solving the Darcy flow directly on the Lagrangian particles. Because of the high computational expense, the bonded-DEM is only used in the domain where fracturing is highly possible, namely the area near to the injection well and around the pre-existing fault. For the area far away from the high risky domain, the deformation and pressure solutions are obtained by a standard finite element method (FEM). The stress, deformation, and pressure obtained from FEM are fed back into the bonded-DEM simulations as boundary conditions that were applied to the DEM boundary particles. The proposed model has the potential to be used to evaluate the safety and sustainability of a sequestration site. By predicting the critical time when the fault is reactivated and the time when CO sub(2) breaks through the caprock through the reactivated fault. The model also shows that the ground surface displacement can be used as an effective monitoring indicator for fracturing, fault reactivation, and CO sub(2) breakthrough in aquifer and caprock, implying a very useful monitoring method for the safety of any sequestration site. JF - Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology AU - Bao, Jie AU - Xu, Zhijie AU - Fang, Yilin AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA. PY - 2015 SP - 474 EP - 486 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD United Kingdom VL - 5 IS - 4 SN - 2152-3878, 2152-3878 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Finite element method KW - Aquifers KW - Safety KW - Simulation KW - Stress KW - Particulates KW - Boundary conditions KW - Sustainability KW - Carbon sequestration KW - Monitoring methods KW - Numerical simulations KW - Geology KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Fluid flow KW - Science and technology KW - Deformation KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 20:Weather Modification & Geophysical Change KW - H 0500:General KW - M2 556.34:Groundwater Flow (556.34) KW - R2 23010:General: Models, forecasting UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1712771412?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Greenhouse+Gases%3A+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=A+coupled+discrete+element+and+finite+element+model+for+multiscale+simulation+of+geological+carbon+sequestration&rft.au=Bao%2C+Jie%3BXu%2C+Zhijie%3BFang%2C+Yilin&rft.aulast=Bao&rft.aufirst=Jie&rft.date=2015-08-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=474&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Greenhouse+Gases%3A+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=21523878&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fghg.1491 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-23 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aquifers; Numerical simulations; Greenhouse gases; Science and technology; Boundary conditions; Fluid flow; Finite element method; Safety; Stress; Simulation; Particulates; Sustainability; Carbon sequestration; Monitoring methods; Geology; Carbon dioxide; Deformation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ghg.1491 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ice formation on nitric acid-coated dust particles: Laboratory and modeling studies AN - 1712564357; PQ0001959655 AB - Changes in the ice nucleation characteristics of atmospherically relevant mineral dust particles caused by a coating of nitric acid are not well understood. Further, the atmospheric implications of dust coatings on ice-cloud properties under different assumptions of primary ice nucleation mechanisms are unknown. We investigated the ice nucleation ability of Arizona Test Dust, illite, K-feldspar, and quartz as a function of temperature (-25 degree C to -30 degree C) and relative humidity with respect to water (75% to 110%). The particles (bare or nitric acid coated) were size selected at 250 nm, and the fraction of particles nucleating ice at various temperature and saturation conditions was determined. All of the dust species nucleated ice at subsaturated conditions, although the coated particles (except quartz) showed a reduction in their ice nucleation ability relative to bare particles. However, at supersaturated conditions, bare and coated particles had nearly equivalent ice nucleation characteristics. The results of a single-column model showed that simulated ice crystal number concentrations are mostly dependent upon the coated particle fraction, primary ice nucleation mechanisms, and competition among ice nucleation mechanisms to nucleate ice. In general, coatings were observed to modify ice-cloud properties, and the complexity of ice-cloud and mixed-phase-cloud evolution when different primary ice nucleation mechanisms compete for fixed water vapor budgets was supported. Key Points * IN properties of bare and nitric acid-coated dust particles are investigated * IN properties of coated particles were reduced at subsaturated conditions * Model cloud properties were sensitive to ice mechanisms and dust aging fraction JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres AU - Kulkarni, Gourihar AU - Zhang, Kai AU - Zhao, Chun AU - Nandasiri, Manjula AU - Shutthanandan, Vaithiyalingam AU - Liu, Xiaohong AU - Fast, Jerome AU - Berg, Larry AD - Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA. Y1 - 2015/08// PY - 2015 DA - August 2015 SP - 7682 EP - 7698 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ United States VL - 120 IS - 15 SN - 2169-897X, 2169-897X KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Relative humidity KW - Ice formation KW - Atmospheric pollution models KW - Aging KW - Particulates KW - Dust particles KW - Relative Humidity KW - Dust KW - Nucleation KW - Quartz KW - Ice Formation KW - Nitric acid KW - Cloud properties KW - Competition KW - Modelling KW - Temperature effects KW - Ice KW - Atmospheric particulates KW - Water vapor KW - Coating materials KW - Temperature KW - Humidity KW - Water vapor budget KW - Nitric acids KW - Dusts KW - Clouds KW - Acids KW - USA, Arizona KW - Minerals KW - Ice nucleation KW - Eolian dust KW - Coatings KW - M2 551.571:Humidity (551.571) KW - Q2 09102:Institutes and organizations KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - SW 0810:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1712564357?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.atitle=Ice+formation+on+nitric+acid-coated+dust+particles%3A+Laboratory+and+modeling+studies&rft.au=Kulkarni%2C+Gourihar%3BZhang%2C+Kai%3BZhao%2C+Chun%3BNandasiri%2C+Manjula%3BShutthanandan%2C+Vaithiyalingam%3BLiu%2C+Xiaohong%3BFast%2C+Jerome%3BBerg%2C+Larry&rft.aulast=Kulkarni&rft.aufirst=Gourihar&rft.date=2015-08-01&rft.volume=120&rft.issue=15&rft.spage=7682&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.issn=2169897X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2014JD022637 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Relative humidity; Atmospheric particulates; Quartz; Coating materials; Nitric acids; Dust; Eolian dust; Modelling; Ice formation; Atmospheric pollution models; Cloud properties; Dust particles; Water vapor budget; Ice nucleation; Ice; Water vapor; Aging; Temperature; Humidity; Particulates; Clouds; Nitric acid; Competition; Minerals; Coatings; Nucleation; Acids; Ice Formation; Dusts; Relative Humidity; USA, Arizona DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014JD022637 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enhancing bottom-up and top-down proteomic measurements with ion mobility separations AN - 1709182095; PQ0001865864 AB - Proteomic measurements with greater throughput, sensitivity, and structural information are essential for improving both in-depth characterization of complex mixtures and targeted studies. While LC separation coupled with MS (LC-MS) measurements have provided information on thousands of proteins in different sample types, the introduction of a separation stage that provides further component resolution and rapid structural information has many benefits in proteomic analyses. Technical advances in ion transmission and data acquisition have made ion mobility separations an opportune technology to be easily and effectively incorporated into LC-MS proteomic measurements for enhancing their information content. Herein, we report on applications illustrating increased sensitivity, throughput, and structural information by utilizing IMS-MS and LC-IMS-MS measurements for both bottom-up and top-down proteomics measurements. JF - Proteomics AU - Baker, Erin Shammel AU - Burnum-Johnson, Kristin E AU - Ibrahim, Yehia M AU - Orton, Daniel J AU - Monroe, Matthew E AU - Kelly, Ryan T AU - Moore, Ronald J AU - Zhang, Xing AU - Theberge, Roger AU - Costello, Catherine E AU - Smith, Richard D AD - Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA. Y1 - 2015/08// PY - 2015 DA - Aug 2015 SP - 2766 EP - 2776 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 15 IS - 16 SN - 1615-9853, 1615-9853 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Mobility KW - Information processing KW - proteomics KW - Data acquisition KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1709182095?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proteomics&rft.atitle=Enhancing+bottom-up+and+top-down+proteomic+measurements+with+ion+mobility+separations&rft.au=Baker%2C+Erin+Shammel%3BBurnum-Johnson%2C+Kristin+E%3BIbrahim%2C+Yehia+M%3BOrton%2C+Daniel+J%3BMonroe%2C+Matthew+E%3BKelly%2C+Ryan+T%3BMoore%2C+Ronald+J%3BZhang%2C+Xing%3BTheberge%2C+Roger%3BCostello%2C+Catherine+E%3BSmith%2C+Richard+D&rft.aulast=Baker&rft.aufirst=Erin&rft.date=2015-08-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=16&rft.spage=2766&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proteomics&rft.issn=16159853&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fpmic.201500048 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mobility; Information processing; proteomics; Data acquisition DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pmic.201500048 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Aerosol droplet delivery of mesoporous silica nanoparticles: A strategy for respiratory-based therapeutics. AN - 1694704742; 25819886 AB - UNLABELLEDA highly versatile nanoplatform that couples mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) with an aerosol technology to achieve direct nanoscale delivery to the respiratory tract is described. This novel method can deposit MSN nanoparticles throughout the entire respiratory tract, including nasal, tracheobronchial and pulmonary regions using a water-based aerosol. This delivery method was successfully tested in mice by inhalation. The MSN nanoparticles used have the potential for carrying and delivering therapeutic agents to highly specific target sites of the respiratory tract. The approach provides a critical foundation for developing therapeutic treatment protocols for a wide range of diseases where aerosol delivery to the respiratory system would be desirable.FROM THE CLINICAL EDITORDelivery of drugs via the respiratory tract is an attractive route of administration. In this article, the authors described the design of mesoporous silica nanoparticles which could act as carriers for drugs. The underlying efficacy was successfully tested in a mouse model. This drug-carrier inhalation nanotechnology should potentially be useful in human clinical setting in the future. JF - Nanomedicine : nanotechnology, biology, and medicine AU - Li, Xueting AU - Xue, Min AU - Raabe, Otto G AU - Aaron, Holly L AU - Eisen, Ellen A AU - Evans, James E AU - Hayes, Fred A AU - Inaga, Sumire AU - Tagmount, Abderrahmane AU - Takeuchi, Minoru AU - Vulpe, Chris AU - Zink, Jeffrey I AU - Risbud, Subhash H AU - Pinkerton, Kent E AD - Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, USA; Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Davis, USA. Electronic address: xl2479@columbia.edu. ; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, USA. Electronic address: mxue@chem.ucla.edu. ; Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, USA; Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California, Davis, USA. Electronic address: ograabe@ucdavis.edu. ; Cancer Research Laboratory Molecular Imaging Center, University of California, Berkeley, USA. Electronic address: hollya@berkeley.edu. ; Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, USA. Electronic address: eeisen@berkeley.edu. ; Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, USA. Electronic address: james.evans@pnnl.gov. ; Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Davis, USA. Electronic address: fahayes@ucdavis.edu. ; Department of Functional, Morphological and Regulatory Science, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan. Electronic address: sumire@med.tottori-u.ac.jp. ; Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, USA. Electronic address: tagmount@berkeley.edu. ; Department of Animal Medical Science, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan. Electronic address: mtakex@cc.kyoto-su.ac.jp. ; Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, USA. Electronic address: vulpe@berkeley.edu. ; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, USA. Electronic address: Zink@chem.ucla.edu. ; Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Davis, USA. Electronic address: shrisbud@ucdavis.edu. ; Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, USA. Electronic address: kepinkerton@ucdavis.edu. Y1 - 2015/08// PY - 2015 DA - August 2015 SP - 1377 EP - 1385 VL - 11 IS - 6 KW - Aerosols KW - 0 KW - Silicon Dioxide KW - 7631-86-9 KW - Index Medicus KW - Mesoporous silica nanoparticles KW - Aerosol droplets KW - Respiratory tract KW - Microscopy, Electron, Transmission KW - Animals KW - Lung Diseases -- therapy KW - Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid KW - Mice KW - Administration, Inhalation KW - Male KW - Silicon Dioxide -- administration & dosage KW - Silicon Dioxide -- therapeutic use KW - Nanoparticles UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1694704742?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nanomedicine+%3A+nanotechnology%2C+biology%2C+and+medicine&rft.atitle=Aerosol+droplet+delivery+of+mesoporous+silica+nanoparticles%3A+A+strategy+for+respiratory-based+therapeutics.&rft.au=Li%2C+Xueting%3BXue%2C+Min%3BRaabe%2C+Otto+G%3BAaron%2C+Holly+L%3BEisen%2C+Ellen+A%3BEvans%2C+James+E%3BHayes%2C+Fred+A%3BInaga%2C+Sumire%3BTagmount%2C+Abderrahmane%3BTakeuchi%2C+Minoru%3BVulpe%2C+Chris%3BZink%2C+Jeffrey+I%3BRisbud%2C+Subhash+H%3BPinkerton%2C+Kent+E&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Xueting&rft.date=2015-08-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1377&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nanomedicine+%3A+nanotechnology%2C+biology%2C+and+medicine&rft.issn=1549-9642&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.nano.2015.03.007 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-05-17 N1 - Date created - 2015-07-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Chem Soc Rev. 2012 Apr 7;41(7):2590-605 [22216418] Nanoscale. 2012 Feb 7;4(3):970-5 [22200056] Pharm Res. 2012 Jun;29(6):1637-49 [22281760] J Biomed Nanotechnol. 2012 Aug;8(4):624-32 [22852472] Virol J. 2012;9:108 [22691538] J Am Chem Soc. 2012 Sep 26;134(38):15790-804 [22924492] Nat Med. 2012 Oct;18(10):1580-5 [22983397] Integr Biol (Camb). 2013 Jan;5(1):19-28 [23042147] Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2013 May;65(5):689-702 [22921598] Crit Rev Biotechnol. 2013 Sep;33(3):229-45 [22724458] Acc Chem Res. 2013 Mar 19;46(3):792-801 [23387478] Biomaterials. 2013 Dec;34(37):9401-12 [24016854] Pharmacol Ther. 2013 Nov;140(2):176-85 [23811125] Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 1998 Jun;80(6):499-508 [9647274] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1973 Oct;26(2):264-73 [4751105] Biotechniques. 2001 Dec;31(6):1272, 1274-6, 1278 [11768655] Nat Rev Cancer. 2005 Mar;5(3):161-71 [15738981] Small. 2009 Jan;5(1):57-62 [19051185] Small. 2010 Jun 6;6(11):1185-90 [20461725] Small. 2010 Sep 20;6(18):2041-9 [20721949] ACS Nano. 2011 May 24;5(5):4131-44 [21524062] Nanoscale. 2011 Jul;3(7):2801-18 [21547299] J Drug Target. 2011 Dec;19(10):900-14 [21981718] Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2012 May;56(5):2535-45 [22354311] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nano.2015.03.007 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Remediation of Technetium in Vadose Zone Sediments Using Ammonia and Hydrogen Sulfide Gases AN - 1811908777; PQ0003437695 AB - We evaluated using combined NH3 and H2S gases to reduce radionuclide 99Tc mobility from subsurface soils to groundwater. Individual gases were ineffective, but combined gases worked well across a range of conditions. Technetium-99 is a mobile, long-lived radionuclide and environmental risk driver at some nuclear waste sites. The feasibility of decreasing 99Tc mobility in vadose zone sediments using H2S and NH3 gases was evaluated in laboratory experiments. In untreated sediments, 75 to 95% of the 99Tc was leachable. Using combinations of H2S and NH3 gases, the 99Tc mobility was reduced to 14 to 48%. Individual H2S or NH3 gas treatment of sediments had little lasting effect. For the combined gas treatment, the H2S gas created reducing conditions at the pore water-mineral interface, which temporarily reduced and precipitated 99Tc, while the NH3 gas created alkaline pore water that caused mineral dissolution. As the pH neutralized, subsequent aluminosilicate precipitation probably coated 99Tc precipitates and rendered them less mobile. Surface phase analysis showed that 99Tc was associated with weathered basalt clasts and S, possibly from the precipitation of TcSx. Treatment performance was nearly the same at different 99Tc concentrations (1.3-240.5 Bq g-1), water contents (1-8%), and gas injection rates but was sensitive to gas concentrations. Low gas concentrations (30%) formed an NH4SH precipitate. The 14 to 48% mobile 99Tc remaining after gas treatment may have been caused by the limited time for aluminosilicates to precipitate in our experiments. Degradation of added NH3 was not observed during the 3-mo experiment. Overall, this study showed that combined H2S and NH3 gas treatment of low-water-content sediments can be applied to significantly decrease 99Tc mobility. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Szecsody, Jim E AU - Truex, Mike J AU - Zhong, Lirong AU - McKinley, James P AU - Qafoku, Nikolla P AU - Lee, Brady D AU - Saurey, Sabrina D AD - Pacific Northwest National Lab., PO Box 999, Richland, WA 99354, jim.szecsody@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2015/07// PY - 2015 DA - July 2015 SP - vzj2014.09.0134 PB - Soil Science Society of America, 677 South Segoe Rd Maxison WI 53711 United States VL - 14 IS - 7 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Atmospheric precipitations KW - Radioactive Wastes KW - Ammonia KW - Radioactive wastes KW - Precipitation KW - Basalts KW - Sediments KW - Hydrogen Sulfide KW - Technetium KW - Soils KW - Remediation KW - Radioisotopes KW - Groundwater KW - Vadose Water KW - Minerals KW - Q2 09102:Institutes and organizations KW - SW 0810:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1811908777?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Remediation+of+Technetium+in+Vadose+Zone+Sediments+Using+Ammonia+and+Hydrogen+Sulfide+Gases&rft.au=Szecsody%2C+Jim+E%3BTruex%2C+Mike+J%3BZhong%2C+Lirong%3BMcKinley%2C+James+P%3BQafoku%2C+Nikolla+P%3BLee%2C+Brady+D%3BSaurey%2C+Sabrina+D&rft.aulast=Szecsody&rft.aufirst=Jim&rft.date=2015-07-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=vzj2014.09.0134&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fvzj2014.09.0134 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atmospheric precipitations; Technetium; Ammonia; Remediation; Soils; Radioactive wastes; Radioisotopes; Basalts; Sediments; Radioactive Wastes; Precipitation; Groundwater; Minerals; Vadose Water; Hydrogen Sulfide DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/vzj2014.09.0134 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Explosive particle soil surface dispersion model for detonated military munitions AN - 1808370523; PQ0002858122 AB - The accumulation of high explosive mass residue from the detonation of military munitions on training ranges is of environmental concern because of its potential to contaminate the soil, surface water, and groundwater. The US Department of Defense wants to quantify, understand, and remediate high explosive mass residue loadings that might be observed on active firing ranges. Previously, efforts using various sampling methods and techniques have resulted in limited success, due in part to the complicated dispersion pattern of the explosive particle residues upon detonation. In our efforts to simulate particle dispersal for high- and low-order explosions on hypothetical firing ranges, we use experimental particle data from detonations of munitions from a 155-mm howitzer, which are common military munitions. The mass loadings resulting from these simulations provide a previously unattained level of detail to quantify the explosive residue source-term for use in soil and water transport models. In addition, the resulting particle placements can be used to test, validate, and optimize particle sampling methods and statistical models as applied to firing ranges. Although the presented results are for a hypothetical 155-mm howitzer firing range, the method can be used for other munition types once the explosive particle characteristics are known. JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Hathaway, John E AU - Rishel, Jeremy P AU - Walsh, Marianne E AU - Walsh, Michael R AU - Taylor, Susan AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA, john.hathaway@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2015/07// PY - 2015 DA - July 2015 SP - 1 EP - 15 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 187 IS - 7 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Environmental monitoring KW - Mathematical models KW - Residues KW - Surface water KW - Training KW - Statistical analysis KW - Simulation KW - Particulates KW - Environmental perception KW - Explosions KW - Soil KW - Numerical simulations KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Dispersal KW - Explosives KW - Groundwater KW - Military KW - Dispersion of particles KW - Dispersion models KW - Sampling methods KW - M2 556.38:Groundwater Basins (556.38) KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1808370523?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=Explosive+particle+soil+surface+dispersion+model+for+detonated+military+munitions&rft.au=Hathaway%2C+John+E%3BRishel%2C+Jeremy+P%3BWalsh%2C+Marianne+E%3BWalsh%2C+Michael+R%3BTaylor%2C+Susan&rft.aulast=Hathaway&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2015-07-01&rft.volume=187&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10661-015-4652-x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Environmental monitoring; Numerical simulations; Statistical analysis; Groundwater pollution; Dispersion models; Dispersion of particles; Mathematical models; Residues; Training; Surface water; Simulation; Particulates; Environmental perception; Explosions; Soil; Explosives; Dispersal; Military; Groundwater; Sampling methods DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10661-015-4652-x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of Carbon and Microbial Community Priming on the Attenuation of Uranium in a Contaminated Floodplain Aquifer AN - 1785235691; PQ0002901813 AB - The capacity for subsurface sediments to sequester radionuclide contaminants, such as uranium (U), and retain them after bioremediation efforts are completed is critical to the long-term stewardship of re-mediated sites. In U bioremediation strategies, carbon amendment stimulates bioreduction of U(VI) to U(IV), immobilizing it within the sediments. Sediments enriched in natural organic matter are naturally capable of sequestering significant U, but may serve as sources to the aquifer, contributing to plume persistence. Two types of organic-rich sediments were compared to better understand U release mechanisms. Sediments that were artificially primed for U removal were retrieved from an area previously biostimulated while detrital-rich sediments were collected from a location never subject to amendment. Batch incubations demonstrated that primed sediments rapidly removed uranium from the groundwater, whereas naturally reduced sediments released a sizeable portion of U before U(VI)-reduction commenced. Column experiments confirmed that U release persisted for 65 pore volumes in naturally reduced sediments, demonstrating their sink-source behavior. Acetate addition to primed sediments shifted the microbial community from sulfate-reducing bacteria within Desulfobacteraceae to the iron-reducing Geobacteraceae and Firmicutes, associated with efficient U(VI) removal and retention, respectively. In contrast, Geobacteraceae communities in naturally reduced sediments were replaced by sequences with similarity to Pseudomonas spp. during U release, while U(VI) removal only occurred with enrichment of Firmicutes. These investigations stress the importance of characterizing zones with heterogeneous carbon pools at U-contaminated sites prior to the determination of a remedial strategy to identify areas, which may contribute to long-term sourcing of the contaminants. JF - Ground Water AU - Mouser, P J AU - N'Guessan, LA AU - Qafoku, N P AU - Sinha, M AU - Williams, KH AU - Dangelmayr, M AU - Resch, C T AU - Peacock, A AU - Wang, Z AU - Figueroa, L AU - Long, P E AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352. Y1 - 2015/07// PY - 2015 DA - July 2015 SP - 600 EP - 613 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 53 IS - 4 SN - 0017-467X, 0017-467X KW - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Aquifers KW - Aquifer KW - Bioremediation KW - Fluvial Sediments KW - Water conservation KW - Pseudomonas KW - Groundwater Pollution KW - Geobacteraceae KW - Carbon KW - Uranium KW - Plumes KW - Sediment chemistry KW - Sulfate-reducing bacteria KW - Water Pollution Treatment KW - Organic matter KW - Attenuation KW - Microbial activity KW - Firmicutes KW - Sediments KW - Flood plains KW - Behavior KW - Desulfobacteraceae KW - Remediation KW - Microorganisms KW - Radioisotopes KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Soil conservation KW - Groundwater KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 0810:General KW - Q2 09244:Air-sea coupling KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1785235691?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water&rft.atitle=Influence+of+Carbon+and+Microbial+Community+Priming+on+the+Attenuation+of+Uranium+in+a+Contaminated+Floodplain+Aquifer&rft.au=Mouser%2C+P+J%3BN%27Guessan%2C+LA%3BQafoku%2C+N+P%3BSinha%2C+M%3BWilliams%2C+KH%3BDangelmayr%2C+M%3BResch%2C+C+T%3BPeacock%2C+A%3BWang%2C+Z%3BFigueroa%2C+L%3BLong%2C+P+E&rft.aulast=Mouser&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2015-07-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=600&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water&rft.issn=0017467X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fgwat.12238 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sediment chemistry; Aquifer; Flood plains; Bioremediation; Water conservation; Organic matter; Uranium; Soil conservation; Attenuation; Aquifers; Sulfate-reducing bacteria; Microbial activity; Sediments; Behavior; Remediation; Radioisotopes; Groundwater pollution; Groundwater; Plumes; Carbon; Water Pollution Treatment; Fluvial Sediments; Microorganisms; Groundwater Pollution; Geobacteraceae; Desulfobacteraceae; Pseudomonas; Firmicutes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12238 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A review of major non-power-related carbon dioxide stream compositions AN - 1756508095; 2016-005193 AB - A critical component in the assessment of long-term risk from geologic sequestration of carbon dioxide (CO (sub 2) ) is the ability to predict mineralogical and geochemical changes within storage reservoirs as a result of rock-brine-CO (sub 2) reactions. Impurities and/or other constituents in CO (sub 2) source streams selected for sequestration can affect both the chemical and physical (e.g., density, viscosity, interfacial tension) properties of CO (sub 2) in the deep subsurface. The nature and concentrations of these impurities are a function of both the industrial source(s) of CO (sub 2) , as well as the carbon capture technology used to extract the CO (sub 2) and produce a concentrated stream for subsurface injection and geologic sequestration. Most work on CO (sub 2) capture, utilization, and storage has been focused on large fossil-fuel-fired power plants. This article reviews the relative concentrations of CO (sub 2) and other constituents in exhaust gases from other major non-power-related industrial point sources. Assuming that carbon capture technology would remove most of the air (i.e., incondensable gases N (sub 2) , O (sub 2) , and Ar) from the exhaust gases, the authors summarize the relative proportions of SO (sub 2) , NO (sub x) and other remaining impurities expected to still be present in non-power-related CO (sub 2) source streams that could be targeted for geologic sequestration. The summary is presented relative to the four largest non-power-related sources of CO (sub 2) : (1) use of fossil fuels as carbon feedstock, (2) iron, steel, and metallurgical coke production, (3) lime and Portland cement production, and (4) natural gas processing and industrial heat/steam generation. Copyright 2015 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg JF - Environmental Earth Sciences AU - Last, George V AU - Schmick, Mary T Y1 - 2015/07// PY - 2015 DA - July 2015 SP - 1189 EP - 1198 PB - Springer, Berlin VL - 74 IS - 2 SN - 1866-6280, 1866-6280 KW - natural gas KW - petroleum KW - storage coefficient KW - combustion KW - production KW - reservoir rocks KW - fossil fuels KW - flue gas KW - carbon dioxide KW - air pollution KW - mineral composition KW - chemical reactions KW - carbon black KW - industry KW - discharge KW - construction materials KW - concentration KW - carbon sequestration KW - pollutants KW - impurities KW - cement materials KW - global KW - exhaust gases KW - coke coal KW - pollution KW - metallurgy KW - steel KW - physical properties KW - organic compounds KW - brines KW - hydrocarbons KW - greenhouse gases KW - point sources KW - coal deposits KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756508095?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Earth+Sciences&rft.atitle=A+review+of+major+non-power-related+carbon+dioxide+stream+compositions&rft.au=Last%2C+George+V%3BSchmick%2C+Mary+T&rft.aulast=Last&rft.aufirst=George&rft.date=2015-07-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=1189&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Earth+Sciences&rft.issn=18666280&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12665-015-4105-4 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1866-6280 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 57 N1 - Document feature - 10 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air pollution; brines; carbon black; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; cement materials; chemical reactions; coal deposits; coke coal; combustion; concentration; construction materials; discharge; exhaust gases; flue gas; fossil fuels; global; greenhouse gases; hydrocarbons; impurities; industry; metallurgy; mineral composition; natural gas; organic compounds; petroleum; physical properties; point sources; pollutants; pollution; production; reservoir rocks; steel; storage coefficient DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12665-015-4105-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Displacement cascades and defect annealing in tungsten, Part II: Object kinetic Monte Carlo simulation of tungsten cascade aging AN - 1732839350; PQ0002249605 AB - The results of object kinetic Monte Carlo (OKMC) simulations of the annealing of primary cascade damage in bulk tungsten using a comprehensive database of cascades obtained from molecular dynamics (Setyawan et al.) are described as a function of primary knock-on atom (PKA) energy at temperatures of 300, 1025 and 2050 K. An increase in SIA clustering coupled with a decrease in vacancy clustering with increasing temperature, in addition to the disparate mobilities of SIAs versus vacancies, causes an interesting effect of temperature on cascade annealing. The annealing efficiency (the ratio of the number of defects after and before annealing) exhibits an inverse U-shape curve as a function of temperature. The capabilities of the newly developed OKMC code KSOME (kinetic simulations of microstructure evolution) used to carry out these simulations are described. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Nandipati, Giridhar AU - Setyawan, Wahyu AU - Heinisch, Howard L AU - Roche, Kenneth J AU - Kurtz, Richard J AU - Wirth, Brian D AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA, giridhar.nandipati@pnnl.gov PY - 2015 SP - 338 EP - 344 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 462 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Monte Carlo simulation KW - Mobility KW - Kinetics KW - Energy KW - Radioactive materials KW - Aging KW - Temperature KW - Simulation KW - Tungsten KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1732839350?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Displacement+cascades+and+defect+annealing+in+tungsten%2C+Part+II%3A+Object+kinetic+Monte+Carlo+simulation+of+tungsten+cascade+aging&rft.au=Nandipati%2C+Giridhar%3BSetyawan%2C+Wahyu%3BHeinisch%2C+Howard+L%3BRoche%2C+Kenneth+J%3BKurtz%2C+Richard+J%3BWirth%2C+Brian+D&rft.aulast=Nandipati&rft.aufirst=Giridhar&rft.date=2015-07-01&rft.volume=462&rft.issue=&rft.spage=338&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2014.09.067 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-23 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Monte Carlo simulation; Mobility; Energy; Kinetics; Aging; Radioactive materials; Temperature; Simulation; Tungsten DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.09.067 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Diffusion of Ag, Au and Cs implants in MAX phase Ti sub(3)SiC sub(2) AN - 1732839336; PQ0002249602 AB - MAX phases (M: early transition metal; A: elements in group 13 or 14; X: C or N), such as titanium silicon carbide (Ti sub(3)SiC sub(2)), have a unique combination of both metallic and ceramic properties, which make them attractive for potential nuclear applications. Ti sub(3)SiC sub(2) has been considered as a possible fuel cladding material. This study reports on the diffusivities of fission product surrogates (Ag and Cs) and a noble metal Au (with diffusion behavior similar to Ag) in this ternary compound at elevated temperatures, as well as in dual-phase nanocomposite of Ti sub(3)SiC sub(2)/3C-SiC and polycrystalline CVD 3C-SiC for behavior comparisons. Samples were implanted with Ag, Au or Cs ions and characterized with various methods, including X-ray diffraction, electron backscatter diffraction, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Rutherford backscattering spectrometry, helium ion microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The results show that in contrast to immobile Ag in 3C-SiC, there is a significant outward diffusion of Ag in Ti sub(3)SiC sub(2) within the dual-phase nanocomposite during Ag ion implantation at 873 K. Similar behavior of Au in polycrystalline Ti sub(3)SiC sub(2) was also observed. Cs out-diffusion and release from Ti sub(3)SiC sub(2) occurred during post-implantation thermal annealing at 973 K. This study suggests caution and further studies in consideration of Ti sub(3)SiC sub(2) as a fuel cladding material for advanced nuclear reactors operating at very high temperatures. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Jiang, Weilin AU - Henager, Charles H, Jr AU - Varga, Tamas AU - Jung, Hee Joon AU - Overman, Nicole R AU - Zhang, Chonghong AU - Gou, Jie AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States, weilin.jiang@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2015/07// PY - 2015 DA - July 2015 SP - 310 EP - 320 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 462 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Transmission electron microscopy KW - Fuels KW - Transition metals KW - Spectroscopy KW - silicon carbide KW - High temperature KW - Radioactive materials KW - Diffusion KW - Temperature effects KW - Metals KW - Ions KW - Titanium KW - Temperature KW - X-ray diffraction KW - Spectrometry KW - Ceramics KW - Nuclear reactors KW - Behavior KW - Energy KW - Ionizing radiation KW - Microscopy KW - Helium KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - W 30950:Waste Treatment & Pollution Clean-up UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1732839336?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Diffusion+of+Ag%2C+Au+and+Cs+implants+in+MAX+phase+Ti+sub%283%29SiC+sub%282%29&rft.au=Jiang%2C+Weilin%3BHenager%2C+Charles+H%2C+Jr%3BVarga%2C+Tamas%3BJung%2C+Hee+Joon%3BOverman%2C+Nicole+R%3BZhang%2C+Chonghong%3BGou%2C+Jie&rft.aulast=Jiang&rft.aufirst=Weilin&rft.date=2015-07-01&rft.volume=462&rft.issue=&rft.spage=310&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2015.04.002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 48 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Ions; Metals; Titanium; Fuels; Transmission electron microscopy; Transition metals; X-ray diffraction; Spectroscopy; Spectrometry; Ceramics; silicon carbide; Ionizing radiation; Energy; Helium; Diffusion; Temperature; Nuclear reactors; Behavior; High temperature; Microscopy; Radioactive materials DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2015.04.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Displacement cascades and defects annealing in tungsten, Part I: Defect database from molecular dynamics simulations AN - 1732839317; PQ0002249604 AB - Molecular dynamics simulations have been used to generate a comprehensive database of surviving defects due to displacement cascades in bulk tungsten. Twenty-one data points of primary knock-on atom (PKA) energies ranging from 100 eV (sub-threshold energy) to 100 keV (~780 x Ed, where Ed = 128 eV is the average displacement threshold energy) have been completed at 300 K, 1025 K and 2050 K. Within this range of PKA energies, two regimes of power-law energy-dependence of the defect production are observed. A distinct power-law exponent characterizes the number of Frenkel pairs produced within each regime. The two regimes intersect at a transition energy which occurs at approximately 250 x Ed. The transition energy also marks the onset of the formation of large self-interstitial atom (SIA) clusters (size 14 or more). The observed defect clustering behavior is asymmetric, with SIA clustering increasing with temperature, while the vacancy clustering decreases. This asymmetry increases with temperature such that at 2050 K (~0.5Tm) practically no large vacancy clusters are formed, meanwhile large SIA clusters appear in all simulations. The implication of such asymmetry on the long-term defect survival and damage accumulation is discussed. In addition, [left angle bracket]100[right angle bracket]{110} SIA loops are observed to form directly in the highest energy cascades, while vacancy [left angle bracket]100[right angle bracket] loops are observed to form at the lowest temperature and highest PKA energies, although the appearance of both the vacancy and SIA loops with Burgers vector of [left angle bracket]100[right angle bracket] type is relatively rare. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Setyawan, Wahyu AU - Nandipati, Giridhar AU - Roche, Kenneth J AU - Heinisch, Howard L AU - Wirth, Brian D AU - Kurtz, Richard J AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA, wahyu.setyawan@pnnl.gov PY - 2015 SP - 329 EP - 337 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 462 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Behavior KW - Energy KW - Radioactive materials KW - Temperature KW - Simulation KW - Survival KW - Tungsten KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1732839317?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Displacement+cascades+and+defects+annealing+in+tungsten%2C+Part+I%3A+Defect+database+from+molecular+dynamics+simulations&rft.au=Setyawan%2C+Wahyu%3BNandipati%2C+Giridhar%3BRoche%2C+Kenneth+J%3BHeinisch%2C+Howard+L%3BWirth%2C+Brian+D%3BKurtz%2C+Richard+J&rft.aulast=Setyawan&rft.aufirst=Wahyu&rft.date=2015-07-01&rft.volume=462&rft.issue=&rft.spage=329&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2014.12.056 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-23 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Behavior; Energy; Radioactive materials; Temperature; Survival; Simulation; Tungsten DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.12.056 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Three-dimensional tracking of juvenile salmon at a mid-reach location between two dams AN - 1732808462; PQ0002231379 AB - Evaluating fish behavior and migration in response to environmental changes is a fundamental component of fisheries research and recovery of freshwater ecosystems. While spatial distribution and behavior of fishes has been well studied around hydropower facilities, little research has been conducted at a mid-reach location between two dams. The Juvenile Salmon Acoustic Telemetry System (JSATS) cabled receiver system was developed and employed as a reference sensor network for detecting and tracking juvenile salmon in the Columbia River Basin. To supplement acquisition of detection and three-dimensional (3-D) tracking data to estimate survival and fish behavior in the forebays of Little Goose and Lower Monumental dams on the Snake River in eastern Washington State, a mid-reach location was needed to investigate the spatial distribution of migrating juvenile salmon in open-water conditions between the two dams. Lyons Ferry Bridge on State Route 261 at the confluence of the Snake and Palouse Rivers was chosen as the mid-reach location. A JSATS-cabled receiver system configuration was successfully designed and deployed from the bridge's pier structure. Theoretical analysis confirmed the functionality and precision of the deployment design. Validation tests demonstrated sub-meter accuracy of 3-D tracking up to a horizontal distance of 50m upstream and downstream from the Lyons Ferry Bridge piers. Detection and tracking probabilities of the LFB cabled array were estimated to be 99.98% from field application. This research provided a detailed description of acoustic telemetry system deployment and 3-D tracking as guidance for better understanding of fish migration behavior as they pass through dams and continue downstream through the river between dams. JF - Fisheries Research (Amsterdam) AU - Li, Xinya AU - Deng, Zhiqun D AU - Martinez, Jayson J AU - Fu, Tao AU - Titzler, PScott AU - Hughes, James S AU - Weiland, Mark A AU - Brown, Richard S AU - Trumbo, Bradly A AU - Ahmann, Martin L AU - Renholds, Jon F AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Hydrology Group, 3320 Innovation Boulevard, P.O. Box 999, MSIN K9-33, Richland, WA 99352, United States Y1 - 2015/07// PY - 2015 DA - July 2015 SP - 216 EP - 224 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 167 SN - 0165-7836, 0165-7836 KW - Ecology Abstracts; ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Acoustic telemetry KW - 3-D tracking KW - Juvenile salmon KW - Mid-reach reservoir KW - Spatial distribution KW - Anadromous species KW - Survival KW - Freshwater KW - INE, USA, Washington KW - USA, Washington, Snake R. KW - USA, Washington, Palouse R. KW - Dams KW - Telemetry KW - Inland fisheries KW - Fisheries KW - Cell migration KW - Salmonidae KW - Rivers KW - Juveniles KW - Data processing KW - Acoustics KW - River basins KW - Tracking KW - USA, Columbia R. basin KW - Freshwater ecosystems KW - Freshwater Ecosystem KW - Environmental changes KW - Migrations KW - USA, Washington, Snake R., Lower Monumental Dam KW - Q4 27750:Environmental KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q1 08423:Behaviour KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1732808462?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fisheries+Research+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.atitle=Three-dimensional+tracking+of+juvenile+salmon+at+a+mid-reach+location+between+two+dams&rft.au=Li%2C+Xinya%3BDeng%2C+Zhiqun+D%3BMartinez%2C+Jayson+J%3BFu%2C+Tao%3BTitzler%2C+PScott%3BHughes%2C+James+S%3BWeiland%2C+Mark+A%3BBrown%2C+Richard+S%3BTrumbo%2C+Bradly+A%3BAhmann%2C+Martin+L%3BRenholds%2C+Jon+F&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Xinya&rft.date=2015-07-01&rft.volume=167&rft.issue=&rft.spage=216&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fisheries+Research+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.issn=01657836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.fishres.2015.01.018 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Acoustic telemetry; Juveniles; Freshwater Ecosystem; Dams; Inland fisheries; Anadromous species; Migrations; River basins; Tracking; Rivers; Data processing; Freshwater ecosystems; Spatial distribution; Acoustics; Telemetry; Fisheries; Environmental changes; Survival; Cell migration; Salmonidae; USA, Columbia R. basin; USA, Washington, Palouse R.; USA, Washington, Snake R., Lower Monumental Dam; INE, USA, Washington; USA, Washington, Snake R.; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2015.01.018 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effects of climate sensitivity and carbon cycle interactions on mitigation policy stringency AN - 1730044716; PQ0001876765 AB - Climate sensitivity and climate-carbon cycle feedbacks interact to determine how global carbon and energy cycles will change in the future. While the science of these connections is well documented, their economic implications are not well understood. Here we examine the effect of climate change on the carbon cycle, the uncertainty in climate outcomes inherent in any given policy target, and the economic implications. We examine three policy scenarios-a no policy "Reference" (REF) scenario, and two policies that limit total radiative forcing-with four climate sensitivities using a coupled integrated assessment model. Like previous work, we find that, within a given scenario, there is a wide range of temperature change and sea level rise depending on the realized climate sensitivity. We expand on this previous work to show that temperature-related feedbacks on the carbon cycle result in more mitigation required as climate sensitivity increases. Thus, achieving a particular radiative forcing target becomes increasingly expensive as climate sensitivity increases. JF - Climatic Change AU - Calvin, Katherine AU - Bond-Lamberty, Ben AU - Edmonds, James AU - Hejazi, Mohamad AU - Waldhoff, Stephanie AU - Wise, Marshall AU - Zhou, Yuyu AD - Joint Global Change Research Institute, College Park, MD, 20740, USA katherine.calvin@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2015/07// PY - 2015 DA - July 2015 SP - 35 EP - 50 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 131 IS - 1 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE); ANTE: Abstracts in New Technologies and Engineering (AN) KW - Policies KW - Sea level KW - Radiative forcing KW - Carbon KW - Economics KW - Climate KW - Carbon cycle KW - Feedback KW - Marine KW - Yes:(AN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1730044716?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=The+effects+of+climate+sensitivity+and+carbon+cycle+interactions+on+mitigation+policy+stringency&rft.au=Calvin%2C+Katherine%3BBond-Lamberty%2C+Ben%3BEdmonds%2C+James%3BHejazi%2C+Mohamad%3BWaldhoff%2C+Stephanie%3BWise%2C+Marshall%3BZhou%2C+Yuyu&rft.aulast=Calvin&rft.aufirst=Katherine&rft.date=2015-07-01&rft.volume=131&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=35&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10584-013-1026-7 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-013-1026-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating impacts of CO sub(2) and CH sub(4) gas intrusion into an unconsolidated aquifer: fate of As and Cd AN - 1722168370; PQ0002059423 AB - The sequestration of carbon dioxide (CO[sub 2]) in deep underground reservoirs has been identified as an important strategy to decrease atmospheric CO[sub 2] levels and mitigate global warming, but potential risks on overlying aquifers currently lack a complete evaluation. In addition to CO[sub 2], other gasses such as methane (CH[sub 4]) may be present in storage reservoirs. This paper explores for the first time the combined effect of leaking CO[sub 2] and CH[sub 4] gasses on the fate of major, minor and trace elements in an aquifer overlying a potential sequestration site. Emphasis is placed on the fate of arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) released from the sediments or present as soluble constituents in the leaking brine. Results are significant for CO[sub 2] sequestration risk evaluation and site selection and demonstrate the importance of evaluating reservoir brine and gas stream composition during site selection to ensure the safest site is being chosen. JF - Frontiers in Environmental Science AU - Lawter, Amanda R AU - Qafoku, Nikolla P AU - Shao, Hongbo AU - Bacon, Diana H AU - Brown, Christopher F AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA, amanda.lawter@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2015/07// PY - 2015 DA - July 2015 SP - 1 EP - 13 PB - Frontiers Research Foundation, P O Box 110 1015 Lausanne Switzerland VL - 3 KW - Risk Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts KW - CO2 sequestration KW - water quality KW - risk assessment KW - fate of As and Cd KW - reservoir brine KW - Aquifers KW - Aquifer KW - Climate change KW - Streams KW - Trace elements KW - Carbon sequestration KW - Cadmium KW - Reservoirs KW - Biological surveys KW - Methane KW - Arsenic KW - Site Selection KW - Greenhouse effect KW - Sediments KW - Site selection KW - Risk KW - Stream KW - Global warming KW - Groundwater KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - Brines KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - SW 0810:General KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - R2 23050:Environment KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1722168370?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Frontiers+in+Environmental+Science&rft.atitle=Evaluating+impacts+of+CO+sub%282%29+and+CH+sub%284%29+gas+intrusion+into+an+unconsolidated+aquifer%3A+fate+of+As+and+Cd&rft.au=Lawter%2C+Amanda+R%3BQafoku%2C+Nikolla+P%3BShao%2C+Hongbo%3BBacon%2C+Diana+H%3BBrown%2C+Christopher+F&rft.aulast=Lawter&rft.aufirst=Amanda&rft.date=2015-07-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Frontiers+in+Environmental+Science&rft.issn=2296-665X&rft_id=info:doi/10.3389%2Ffenvs.2015.00049 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological surveys; Site selection; Methane; Aquifer; Stream; Cadmium; Greenhouse effect; Carbon dioxide; Brines; Aquifers; Arsenic; Climate change; Streams; Sediments; Trace elements; Carbon sequestration; Global warming; Reservoirs; Risk; Site Selection; Groundwater; Carbon Dioxide DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2015.00049 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Substantial contribution of anthropogenic air pollution to catastrophic floods in Southwest China AN - 1709177261; PQ0001865632 AB - Extreme weather events have become more frequent and are likely linked to increases in greenhouse gases and aerosols, which alter the Earth's radiative balance and cloud processes. On 8-9 July 2013, a catastrophic flood devastated the mountainous area to the northwest of the Sichuan Basin. Atmospheric simulations at a convection-permitting scale with aerosols and chemistry included show that heavy air pollution trapped in the basin significantly enhances the rainfall intensity over the mountainous areas through "aerosol-enhanced conditional instability." That is, aerosols suppress convection by absorbing solar radiation and increasing atmospheric stability in the basin during daytime. This allows excess moist air to be transported to the mountainous areas and orographically lifted, generating strong convection and extremely heavy precipitation at night. We show that reducing pollution in the Sichuan Basin can effectively mitigate floods. It is suggested that coupling aerosol with meteorology can be crucial to improve weather forecast in polluted regions. Key Points * Aerosols contribute to flooding by "aerosol-enhanced conditional instability" * Reducing pollution (particularly BC) in the Sichuan Basin mitigates floods * Coupling aerosols with meteorology may improve weather forecasts JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Fan, Jiwen AU - Rosenfeld, Daniel AU - Yang, Yan AU - Zhao, Chun AU - Leung, LRuby AU - Li, Zhanqing AD - Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA. PY - 2015 SP - 6066 EP - 6075 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ United States VL - 42 IS - 14 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Convection KW - Heavy precipitation KW - Rainfall KW - Pollution effects KW - Basins KW - Convection development KW - Solar radiation KW - Mountains KW - Flood forecasting KW - Floods KW - Meteorology KW - Weather forecasting KW - Weather KW - Aerosols KW - Atmospheric pollution KW - Aerosols-cloud condensation nuclei relationships KW - Aerosols-cloud relationships KW - Simulation KW - Air pollution KW - Clouds KW - Numerical simulations KW - Flooding KW - China, People's Rep. KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Instability KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M2 556.16:Runoff (556.16) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1709177261?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Substantial+contribution+of+anthropogenic+air+pollution+to+catastrophic+floods+in+Southwest+China&rft.au=Fan%2C+Jiwen%3BRosenfeld%2C+Daniel%3BYang%2C+Yan%3BZhao%2C+Chun%3BLeung%2C+LRuby%3BLi%2C+Zhanqing&rft.aulast=Fan&rft.aufirst=Jiwen&rft.date=2015-07-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=6066&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2015GL064479 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Heavy precipitation; Atmospheric pollution; Aerosols-cloud condensation nuclei relationships; Aerosols-cloud relationships; Convection development; Solar radiation; Clouds; Flood forecasting; Numerical simulations; Floods; Meteorology; Greenhouse gases; Instability; Weather forecasting; Convection; Weather; Aerosols; Rainfall; Basins; Pollution effects; Simulation; Air pollution; Mountains; Flooding; China, People's Rep. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015GL064479 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dynamics in microbial communities: unraveling mechanisms to identify principles AN - 1701489578; PQ0001675300 AB - Diversity begets higher-order properties such as functional stability and robustness in microbial communities, but principles that inform conceptual (and eventually predictive) models of community dynamics are lacking. Recent work has shown that selection as well as dispersal and drift shape communities, but the mechanistic bases for assembly of communities and the forces that maintain their function in the face of environmental perturbation are not well understood. Conceptually, some interactions among community members could generate endogenous dynamics in composition, even in the absence of environmental changes. These endogenous dynamics are further perturbed by exogenous forcing factors to produce a richer network of community interactions and it is this 'system' that is the basis for higher-order community properties. Elucidation of principles that follow from this conceptual model requires identifying the mechanisms that (a) optimize diversity within a community and (b) impart community stability. The network of interactions between organisms can be an important element by providing a buffer against disturbance beyond the effect of functional redundancy, as alternative pathways with different combinations of microbes can be recruited to fulfill specific functions. JF - ISME Journal AU - Konopka, Allan AU - Lindemann, Stephen AU - Fredrickson, Jim AD - Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA Y1 - 2015/07// PY - 2015 DA - Jul 2015 SP - 1488 EP - 1495 PB - Nature Publishing Group, The Macmillan Building London N1 9XW United Kingdom VL - 9 IS - 7 SN - 1751-7362, 1751-7362 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Drift KW - Environmental changes KW - Dispersal KW - Models KW - A 01450:Environmental Pollution & Waste Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1701489578?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ISME+Journal&rft.atitle=Dynamics+in+microbial+communities%3A+unraveling+mechanisms+to+identify+principles&rft.au=Konopka%2C+Allan%3BLindemann%2C+Stephen%3BFredrickson%2C+Jim&rft.aulast=Konopka&rft.aufirst=Allan&rft.date=2015-07-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1488&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ISME+Journal&rft.issn=17517362&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fismej.2014.251 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Drift; Environmental changes; Dispersal; Models DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2014.251 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exploring a Multiresolution Approach Using AMIP Simulations AN - 1701481630; PQ0001794048 AB - This study presents a diagnosis of a multiresolution approach using the Model for Prediction Across Scales-Atmosphere (MPAS-A) for simulating regional climate. Four Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project (AMIP) experiments were conducted for 1999-2009. In the first two experiments, MPAS-A was configured using global quasi-uniform grids at 120- and 30-km grid spacing. In the other two experiments, MPAS-A was configured using variable-resolution (VR) mesh with local refinement at 30 km over North America and South America and embedded in a quasi-uniform domain at 120 km elsewhere. Precipitation and related fields in the four simulations are examined to determine how well the VRs reproduce the features simulated by the globally high-resolution model in the refined domain. In previous analyses of idealized aquaplanet simulations, characteristics of the global high-resolution simulation in moist processes developed only near the boundary of the refined region. In contrast, AMIP simulations with VR grids can reproduce high-resolution characteristics across the refined domain, particularly in South America. This finding indicates the importance of finely resolved lower boundary forcings such as topography and surface heterogeneity for regional climate and demonstrates the ability of the MPAS-A VR to replicate the large-scale moisture transport as simulated in the quasi-uniform high-resolution model. Upscale effects from the high-resolution regions on a large-scale circulation outside the refined domain are observed, but the effects are mainly limited to northeastern Asia during the warm season. Together, the results support the multiresolution approach as a computationally efficient and physically consistent method for modeling regional climate. JF - Journal of Climate AU - Sakaguchi, Koichi AU - Leung, L Ruby AU - Zhao, Chun AU - Yang, Qing AU - Lu, Jian AU - Hagos, Samson AU - Rauscher, Sara A AU - Dong, Li AU - Ringler, Todd D AU - Lauritzen, Peter H AD - Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington Y1 - 2015/07// PY - 2015 DA - July 2015 SP - 5549 EP - 5574 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 United States VL - 28 IS - 14 SN - 0894-8755, 0894-8755 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Convection KW - Precipitation KW - Clouds KW - Climate models KW - Model evaluation/performance KW - Multigrid models KW - Prediction KW - North America KW - Moisture KW - Climates KW - Moisture transport KW - Climate KW - Simulation KW - Regional climates KW - Atmospheric circulation KW - Warm seasons KW - Model Studies KW - Project AMIP KW - Atmospheric models KW - ASW, South America KW - Numerical simulations KW - Boundaries KW - Asia KW - Heterogeneity KW - Topography KW - Q2 09422:Storage and transport KW - SW 0810:General KW - M2 551.58:Climatology (551.58) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1701481630?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Climate&rft.atitle=Exploring+a+Multiresolution+Approach+Using+AMIP+Simulations&rft.au=Sakaguchi%2C+Koichi%3BLeung%2C+L+Ruby%3BZhao%2C+Chun%3BYang%2C+Qing%3BLu%2C+Jian%3BHagos%2C+Samson%3BRauscher%2C+Sara+A%3BDong%2C+Li%3BRingler%2C+Todd+D%3BLauritzen%2C+Peter+H&rft.aulast=Sakaguchi&rft.aufirst=Koichi&rft.date=2015-07-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=5549&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Climate&rft.issn=08948755&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2FJCLI-D-14-00729.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-08-01 N1 - Number of references - 119 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Climate; Simulation; Climate models; Numerical simulations; Moisture transport; Warm seasons; Atmospheric circulation; Regional climates; Precipitation; Atmospheric models; Project AMIP; Topography; Prediction; Moisture; Climates; Boundaries; Heterogeneity; Model Studies; North America; ASW, South America; Asia DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00729.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mechanism-Based Classification of PAH Mixtures to Predict Carcinogenic Potential. AN - 1691016863; 25908611 AB - We have previously shown that relative potency factors and DNA adduct measurements are inadequate for predicting carcinogenicity of certain polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and PAH mixtures, particularly those that function through alternate pathways or exhibit greater promotional activity compared to benzo[a]pyrene (BaP). Therefore, we developed a pathway-based approach for classification of tumor outcome after dermal exposure to PAH/mixtures. FVB/N mice were exposed to dibenzo[def,p]chrysene (DBC), BaP, or environmental PAH mixtures (Mix 1-3) following a 2-stage initiation/promotion skin tumor protocol. Resulting tumor incidence could be categorized by carcinogenic potency as DBC >> BaP = Mix2 = Mix3 > Mix1 = Control, based on statistical significance. Gene expression profiles measured in skin of mice collected 12 h post-initiation were compared with tumor outcome for identification of short-term bioactivity profiles. A Bayesian integration model was utilized to identify biological pathways predictive of PAH carcinogenic potential during initiation. Integration of probability matrices from four enriched pathways (P < .05) for DNA damage, apoptosis, response to chemical stimulus, and interferon gamma signaling resulted in the highest classification accuracy with leave-one-out cross validation. This pathway-driven approach was successfully utilized to distinguish early regulatory events during initiation prognostic for tumor outcome and provides proof-of-concept for using short-term initiation studies to classify carcinogenic potential of environmental PAH mixtures. These data further provide a 'source-to-outcome' model that could be used to predict PAH interactions during tumorigenesis and provide an example of how mode-of-action-based risk assessment could be employed for environmental PAH mixtures. JF - Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Tilton, Susan C AU - Siddens, Lisbeth K AU - Krueger, Sharon K AU - Larkin, Andrew J AU - Löhr, Christiane V AU - Williams, David E AU - Baird, William M AU - Waters, Katrina M AD - *Superfund Research Center, Environmental and Molecular Toxicology Department, susan.tilton@oregonstate.edu. ; *Superfund Research Center, Environmental and Molecular Toxicology Department. ; *Superfund Research Center, Linus Pauling Institute. ; College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA and. ; *Superfund Research Center, Environmental and Molecular Toxicology Department, Linus Pauling Institute. ; *Superfund Research Center, Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA. Y1 - 2015/07// PY - 2015 DA - July 2015 SP - 135 EP - 145 VL - 146 IS - 1 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons KW - Index Medicus KW - modeling KW - skin cancer KW - mixtures KW - toxicogenomics KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Animals KW - Mice KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons -- toxicity KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons -- classification KW - Carcinogens -- classification KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1691016863?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+sciences+%3A+an+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Mechanism-Based+Classification+of+PAH+Mixtures+to+Predict+Carcinogenic+Potential.&rft.au=Tilton%2C+Susan+C%3BSiddens%2C+Lisbeth+K%3BKrueger%2C+Sharon+K%3BLarkin%2C+Andrew+J%3BL%C3%B6hr%2C+Christiane+V%3BWilliams%2C+David+E%3BBaird%2C+William+M%3BWaters%2C+Katrina+M&rft.aulast=Tilton&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=2015-07-01&rft.volume=146&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=135&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+sciences+%3A+an+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=1096-0929&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Ftoxsci%2Fkfv080 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-04-07 N1 - Date created - 2015-06-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Neural Comput. 2005 Mar;17(3):731-40 [15802013] Bioinformatics. 2003 Jan 22;19(2):185-93 [12538238] J Comput Biol. 2000;7(6):819-37 [11382364] IARC Monogr Eval Carcinog Risks Hum. 2014;105:9-699 [26442290] Biotechniques. 2003 Feb;34(2):374-8 [12613259] Genome Res. 2003 Nov;13(11):2498-504 [14597658] Mutat Res. 2007 Nov-Dec;636(1-3):144-77 [17888717] Cancer Lett. 2008 Jun 28;265(1):135-47 [18353537] Pac Symp Biocomput. 2009;:451-63 [19209722] Methods Mol Biol. 2009;563:177-96 [19597786] Bioinformatics. 2010 Jan 15;26(2):280-2 [19933164] Toxicol Sci. 2010 Nov;118(1):286-97 [20702594] IARC Monogr Eval Carcinog Risks Hum. 2010;92:1-853 [21141735] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2011 Oct 15;256(2):154-67 [21851831] Toxicol Lett. 2012 Jul 7;212(1):18-28 [22579512] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2012 Nov 1;264(3):377-86 [22935520] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2013 Mar 1;267(2):192-9 [23274566] Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2013 May;93(5):413-24 [23531724] J Toxicol Environ Health B Crit Rev. 2013;16(6):381-94 [24151968] Toxicology. 2014 Jul 3;321:27-39 [24713297] PLoS One. 2014;9(7):e102579 [25058030] Nat Biotechnol. 2006 Sep;24(9):1108-11 [16964223] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfv080 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparative Risks of Aldehyde Constituents in Cigarette Smoke Using Transient Computational Fluid Dynamics/Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Models of the Rat and Human Respiratory Tracts. AN - 1691016252; 25858911 AB - Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling is well suited for addressing species-specific anatomy and physiology in calculating respiratory tissue exposures to inhaled materials. In this study, we overcame prior CFD model limitations to demonstrate the importance of realistic, transient breathing patterns for predicting site-specific tissue dose. Specifically, extended airway CFD models of the rat and human were coupled with airway region-specific physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) tissue models to describe the kinetics of 3 reactive constituents of cigarette smoke: acrolein, acetaldehyde and formaldehyde. Simulations of aldehyde no-observed-adverse-effect levels for nasal toxicity in the rat were conducted until breath-by-breath tissue concentration profiles reached steady state. Human oral breathing simulations were conducted using representative aldehyde yields from cigarette smoke, measured puff ventilation profiles and numbers of cigarettes smoked per day. As with prior steady-state CFD/PBPK simulations, the anterior respiratory nasal epithelial tissues received the greatest initial uptake rates for each aldehyde in the rat. However, integrated time- and tissue depth-dependent area under the curve (AUC) concentrations were typically greater in the anterior dorsal olfactory epithelium using the more realistic transient breathing profiles. For human simulations, oral and laryngeal tissues received the highest local tissue dose with greater penetration to pulmonary tissues than predicted in the rat. Based upon lifetime average daily dose comparisons of tissue hot-spot AUCs (top 2.5% of surface area-normalized AUCs in each region) and numbers of cigarettes smoked/day, the order of concern for human exposures was acrolein > formaldehyde > acetaldehyde even though acetaldehyde yields were 10-fold greater than formaldehyde and acrolein. JF - Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Corley, Richard A AU - Kabilan, Senthil AU - Kuprat, Andrew P AU - Carson, James P AU - Jacob, Richard E AU - Minard, Kevin R AU - Teeguarden, Justin G AU - Timchalk, Charles AU - Pipavath, Sudhakar AU - Glenny, Robb AU - Einstein, Daniel R AD - *Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352; Texas Advanced Computing Center, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78758; Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195; and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195 rick.corley@pnnl.gov. ; *Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352; Texas Advanced Computing Center, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78758; Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195; and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195. Y1 - 2015/07// PY - 2015 DA - July 2015 SP - 65 EP - 88 VL - 146 IS - 1 KW - Aldehydes KW - 0 KW - Smoke KW - Index Medicus KW - cigarette smoke KW - PBPK KW - respiratory tract KW - risk assessment KW - formaldehyde KW - acetaldehyde KW - CFD KW - acrolein KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Tobacco KW - Aldehydes -- metabolism KW - Aldehydes -- pharmacokinetics KW - Models, Biological UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1691016252?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+sciences+%3A+an+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Comparative+Risks+of+Aldehyde+Constituents+in+Cigarette+Smoke+Using+Transient+Computational+Fluid+Dynamics%2FPhysiologically+Based+Pharmacokinetic+Models+of+the+Rat+and+Human+Respiratory+Tracts.&rft.au=Corley%2C+Richard+A%3BKabilan%2C+Senthil%3BKuprat%2C+Andrew+P%3BCarson%2C+James+P%3BJacob%2C+Richard+E%3BMinard%2C+Kevin+R%3BTeeguarden%2C+Justin+G%3BTimchalk%2C+Charles%3BPipavath%2C+Sudhakar%3BGlenny%2C+Robb%3BEinstein%2C+Daniel+R&rft.aulast=Corley&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2015-07-01&rft.volume=146&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=65&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+sciences+%3A+an+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=1096-0929&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Ftoxsci%2Fkfv071 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-04-07 N1 - Date created - 2015-06-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Inhal Toxicol. 2008 Feb;20(3):205-16 [18300043] J Aerosol Med. 2004 Fall;17(3):278-85 [15625820] Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 2005 Apr;41(3):185-227 [15748796] Toxicol Sci. 2005 May;85(1):460-7 [15659566] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2005 Aug 15;206(3):309-20 [16039942] Toxicol Sci. 2006 Mar;90(1):198-207 [16344266] Toxicol Sci. 2006 Dec;94(2):359-67 [16984956] Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2007 Mar;16(3):584-92 [17372256] Food Chem Toxicol. 2008 Feb;46(2):527-36 [17936466] Inhal Toxicol. 2008 Feb;20(3):227-43 [18300045] Inhal Toxicol. 2008 Feb;20(3):245-56 [18300046] Inhal Toxicol. 2008 Feb;20(4):375-90 [18302046] Tob Control. 2008 Apr;17(2):132-41 [18375736] J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv. 2008 Jun;21(2):159-68 [18518792] Ann Biomed Eng. 2010 Feb;38(2):517-36 [19826954] J Biomech Eng. 2010 May;132(5):051003 [20459204] Inhal Toxicol. 2009 Jul;21(8):712-8 [19225967] Inhal Toxicol. 2010 Nov;22(13):1047-63 [21070181] Anal Chem. 2012 Jan 3;84(1):141-8 [22098105] Inhal Toxicol. 2012 Feb;24(3):182-93 [22369194] J Magn Reson. 2012 Aug;221:129-38 [22771528] Toxicol Sci. 2012 Aug;128(2):500-16 [22584687] Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2000 Feb;22(2):191-9 [10657940] Environ Health Perspect. 2000 Oct;108 Suppl 5:919-24 [11036001] J Appl Physiol (1985). 2000 Nov;89(5):1787-92 [11053327] Inhal Toxicol. 2001 May;13(5):325-34 [11295865] Inhal Toxicol. 2001 Sep;13(9):807-22 [11498807] Toxicol Sci. 2001 Nov;64(1):100-10 [11606806] Toxicol Sci. 2001 Nov;64(1):111-21 [11606807] J Appl Physiol (1985). 2002 Mar;92(3):1232-8 [11842063] Anat Rec B New Anat. 2003 Dec;275(1):207-18 [14628321] Inhal Toxicol. 2003 Dec;15(14):1435-63 [14648358] Tob Control. 2003 Dec;12(4):424-30 [14660781] Toxicology. 1982;23(4):293-307 [7123564] Cancer Res. 1983 Sep;43(9):4382-92 [6871871] Toxicology. 1984 May 14;31(2):123-33 [6740689] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1986 Feb;82(2):264-71 [3945953] Arch Toxicol. 1985 Dec;58(2):67-71 [4091658] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1986 Mar 15;82(3):560-7 [3952738] Toxicology. 1986 Oct;41(2):213-31 [3764943] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1987 May;88(3):418-32 [3576624] Toxicol Lett. 1987 Dec;39(2-3):189-98 [3686549] Toxicology. 1987 Dec 14;47(3):295-305 [3424385] Environ Health Perspect. 1990 Apr;85:209-18 [2200663] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1990 Nov;106(2):311-26 [2256119] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1992 May;114(1):140-6 [1585366] Ann ICRP. 1994;24(1-3):1-482 [7726471] Cancer Res. 1996 Mar 1;56(5):1012-22 [8640755] Exp Toxicol Pathol. 1996 Nov;48(6):481-3 [8954326] Toxicol Pathol. 1997 May-Jun;25(3):291-307 [9210261] J Toxicol Sci. 1997 Aug;22(3):239-54 [9279826] Anal Chem. 2013 Jan 15;85(2):882-9 [23256596] Anal Chem. 2012 Oct 2;84(19):8351-6 [22954319] Mutat Res. 1997 Oct 31;380(1-2):143-54 [9385395] Exp Lung Res. 2013 Aug;39(6):249-57 [23786464] Methods Mol Biol. 2015;1203:99-106 [25361670] Anal Bioanal Chem. 2015 Mar;407(8):2063-71 [25395201] Inhal Toxicol. 2008 Feb;20(3):217-25 [18300044] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfv071 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ecological communities by design AN - 1827928889; PQ0003436108 AB - In synthetic ecology, a nascent offshoot of synthetic biology, scientists aim to design and construct microbial communities with desirable properties. Such mixed populations of microorganisms can simultaneously perform otherwise incompatible functions (1). Compared with individual organisms, they can also better resist losses in function as a result of environmental perturbation or invasion by other species (2). Synthetic ecology may thus be a promising approach for developing robust, stable biotechnological processes, such as the conversion of cellulosic biomass to biofuels (3). However, achieving this will require detailed knowledge of the principles that guide the structure and function of microbial communities (see the image). JF - Science AU - Fredrickson, James K AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA 99352, USA Y1 - 2015/06/26/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Jun 26 SP - 1425 EP - 1427 PB - American Association for the Advancement of Science, 1200 New York Avenue, NW Washington DC 20005 United States VL - 348 IS - 6242 SN - 0036-8075, 0036-8075 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Structure-function relationships KW - Microorganisms KW - Biomass KW - Biofuels KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1827928889?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.atitle=Ecological+communities+by+design&rft.au=Fredrickson%2C+James+K&rft.aulast=Fredrickson&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2015-06-26&rft.volume=348&rft.issue=6242&rft.spage=1425&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science&rft.issn=00368075&rft_id=info:doi/10.1126%2Fscience.aab0946 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Structure-function relationships; Microorganisms; Biomass; Biofuels DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aab0946 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Progress towards a practical minor actinide separation using 2-ethylhexylphosphonic acid mono-2-ethylhexyl ester T2 - 2015 Northwest Regional Meeting of the American Chemical Society (NORM 2015) AN - 1697992361; 6353086 JF - 2015 Northwest Regional Meeting of the American Chemical Society (NORM 2015) AU - Lumetta, Gregg AU - Levitskaia, Tatiana AU - Sinkov, Sergey AU - Casella, Amanda AU - Gelis, Artem Y1 - 2015/06/21/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Jun 21 KW - Esters KW - Actinides UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1697992361?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2015+Northwest+Regional+Meeting+of+the+American+Chemical+Society+%28NORM+2015%29&rft.atitle=Progress+towards+a+practical+minor+actinide+separation+using+2-ethylhexylphosphonic+acid+mono-2-ethylhexyl+ester&rft.au=Lumetta%2C+Gregg%3BLevitskaia%2C+Tatiana%3BSinkov%2C+Sergey%3BCasella%2C+Amanda%3BGelis%2C+Artem&rft.aulast=Lumetta&rft.aufirst=Gregg&rft.date=2015-06-21&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2015+Northwest+Regional+Meeting+of+the+American+Chemical+Society+%28NORM+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://ep70.eventpilot.us/web/page.php?page=Sessions&project=ACSNORM15&id=2015-06-21&title=Browse%20Program%20by%20Day LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-06-30 N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-23 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Application of chemometrics within laboratory scale online spectroscopic process monitoring and control in nuclear fuel reprocessing streams T2 - 2015 Northwest Regional Meeting of the American Chemical Society (NORM 2015) AN - 1697992323; 6353110 JF - 2015 Northwest Regional Meeting of the American Chemical Society (NORM 2015) AU - Gunawardena, Navindra AU - Heller, Forrest AU - Hylden, Laura AU - Casella, Amanda AU - Bryan, Samuel Y1 - 2015/06/21/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Jun 21 KW - Fuels KW - Nuclear fuels KW - Streams KW - Internet UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1697992323?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2015+Northwest+Regional+Meeting+of+the+American+Chemical+Society+%28NORM+2015%29&rft.atitle=Application+of+chemometrics+within+laboratory+scale+online+spectroscopic+process+monitoring+and+control+in+nuclear+fuel+reprocessing+streams&rft.au=Gunawardena%2C+Navindra%3BHeller%2C+Forrest%3BHylden%2C+Laura%3BCasella%2C+Amanda%3BBryan%2C+Samuel&rft.aulast=Gunawardena&rft.aufirst=Navindra&rft.date=2015-06-21&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2015+Northwest+Regional+Meeting+of+the+American+Chemical+Society+%28NORM+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://ep70.eventpilot.us/web/page.php?page=Sessions&project=ACSNORM15&id=2015-06-21&title=Browse%20Program%20by%20Day LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-06-30 N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-23 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Phase transfer kinetics of advanced-TALSPEAK solvent extraction systems T2 - 2015 Northwest Regional Meeting of the American Chemical Society (NORM 2015) AN - 1697991825; 6353126 JF - 2015 Northwest Regional Meeting of the American Chemical Society (NORM 2015) AU - Heller, Forrest AU - Bryan, Samuel AU - Nash, Kenneth AU - Lumetta, Gregg AU - Casella, Amanda AU - Sinkov, Sergey Y1 - 2015/06/21/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Jun 21 KW - Solvent extraction KW - Kinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1697991825?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2015+Northwest+Regional+Meeting+of+the+American+Chemical+Society+%28NORM+2015%29&rft.atitle=Phase+transfer+kinetics+of+advanced-TALSPEAK+solvent+extraction+systems&rft.au=Heller%2C+Forrest%3BBryan%2C+Samuel%3BNash%2C+Kenneth%3BLumetta%2C+Gregg%3BCasella%2C+Amanda%3BSinkov%2C+Sergey&rft.aulast=Heller&rft.aufirst=Forrest&rft.date=2015-06-21&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2015+Northwest+Regional+Meeting+of+the+American+Chemical+Society+%28NORM+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://ep70.eventpilot.us/web/page.php?page=Sessions&project=ACSNORM15&id=2015-06-21&title=Browse%20Program%20by%20Day LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-06-30 N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-23 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Systematic study of N,N,N',N'-tetra-2-ethylhexyl diglycolamide (T2EHDGA) solvent extraction behavior T2 - 2015 Northwest Regional Meeting of the American Chemical Society (NORM 2015) AN - 1697991001; 6353173 JF - 2015 Northwest Regional Meeting of the American Chemical Society (NORM 2015) AU - Campbell, Emily AU - Levitskaia, Tatiana Y1 - 2015/06/21/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Jun 21 KW - Solvent extraction UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1697991001?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2015+Northwest+Regional+Meeting+of+the+American+Chemical+Society+%28NORM+2015%29&rft.atitle=Systematic+study+of+N%2CN%2CN%27%2CN%27-tetra-2-ethylhexyl+diglycolamide+%28T2EHDGA%29+solvent+extraction+behavior&rft.au=Campbell%2C+Emily%3BLevitskaia%2C+Tatiana&rft.aulast=Campbell&rft.aufirst=Emily&rft.date=2015-06-21&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2015+Northwest+Regional+Meeting+of+the+American+Chemical+Society+%28NORM+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://ep70.eventpilot.us/web/page.php?page=Sessions&project=ACSNORM15&id=2015-06-21&title=Browse%20Program%20by%20Day LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-06-30 N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-23 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Muscle Segment Homeobox Genes Direct Embryonic Diapause by Limiting Inflammation in the Uterus. AN - 1688004978; 25931120 AB - Embryonic diapause is a reproductive strategy widespread in the animal kingdom. This phenomenon is defined by a temporary arrest in blastocyst growth and metabolic activity within a quiescent uterus without implantation until the environmental and maternal milieu become favorable for pregnancy to progress. We found that uterine Msx expression persists during diapause across species; their inactivation in the mouse uterus results in termination of diapause with the development of implantation-like responses ("pseudoimplantation") that ultimately succumbed to resorption. To understand the cause of this failure, we compared proteome profiles between floxed and Msx-deleted uteri. In deleted uteri, several functional networks, including transcription/translation, ubiquitin-proteasome, inflammation, and endoplasmic reticulum stress, were dysregulated. Computational modeling predicted intersection of these pathways on an enhanced inflammatory signature. Further studies showed that this signature was reflected in increased phosphorylated IκB levels and nuclear NFκB in deleted uteri. This was associated with enhanced proteasome activity and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Interestingly, treatment with anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid (dexamethasone) reduced the inflammatory signature with improvement of the diapause phenotype. These findings highlight an unexpected role of uterine Msx in limiting aberrant inflammatory responses to maintain embryonic diapause. JF - The Journal of biological chemistry AU - Cha, Jeeyeon AU - Burnum-Johnson, Kristin E AU - Bartos, Amanda AU - Li, Yingju AU - Baker, Erin S AU - Tilton, Susan C AU - Webb-Robertson, Bobbie-Jo M AU - Piehowski, Paul D AU - Monroe, Matthew E AU - Jegga, Anil G AU - Murata, Shigeo AU - Hirota, Yasushi AU - Dey, Sudhansu K AD - From the Division of Reproductive Sciences and. ; the Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354. ; the Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, the Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331. ; Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229-3039. ; the Laboratory of Protein Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033 Japan, and. ; the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655 Japan. ; From the Division of Reproductive Sciences and sk.dey@cchmc.org. Y1 - 2015/06/12/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Jun 12 SP - 15337 EP - 15349 VL - 290 IS - 24 KW - Homeodomain Proteins KW - 0 KW - MSX1 Transcription Factor KW - MSX2 protein KW - Msx1 protein, mouse KW - Index Medicus KW - uterus KW - mouse KW - inflammation KW - pregnancy KW - cyclooxygenase (COX) KW - embryonic diapause KW - NF-kappa B (NF-KB) KW - proteomics KW - implantation KW - Msx genes KW - Animals KW - Mice KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Mice, Knockout KW - Uterus -- metabolism KW - Muscle, Smooth -- pathology KW - Genes, Homeobox KW - MSX1 Transcription Factor -- physiology KW - Homeodomain Proteins -- genetics KW - Homeodomain Proteins -- physiology KW - Inflammation -- genetics KW - Uterus -- pathology KW - MSX1 Transcription Factor -- genetics KW - Embryonic Development -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1688004978?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.atitle=Muscle+Segment+Homeobox+Genes+Direct+Embryonic+Diapause+by+Limiting+Inflammation+in+the+Uterus.&rft.au=Cha%2C+Jeeyeon%3BBurnum-Johnson%2C+Kristin+E%3BBartos%2C+Amanda%3BLi%2C+Yingju%3BBaker%2C+Erin+S%3BTilton%2C+Susan+C%3BWebb-Robertson%2C+Bobbie-Jo+M%3BPiehowski%2C+Paul+D%3BMonroe%2C+Matthew+E%3BJegga%2C+Anil+G%3BMurata%2C+Shigeo%3BHirota%2C+Yasushi%3BDey%2C+Sudhansu+K&rft.aulast=Cha&rft.aufirst=Jeeyeon&rft.date=2015-06-12&rft.volume=290&rft.issue=24&rft.spage=15337&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.issn=1083-351X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1074%2Fjbc.M115.655001 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-09-10 N1 - Date created - 2015-06-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Biol Chem. 2012 Mar 23;287(13):10289-300 [22270368] Mol Cell Proteomics. 2014 Apr;13(4):1119-27 [24403597] Dev Cell. 2014 Mar 31;28(6):697-710 [24613396] J Exp Biol. 2014 May 15;217(Pt 10):1719-24 [24526727] Nature. 2014 Jun 5;510(7503):92-101 [24899309] Mol Cell Proteomics. 2014 Dec;13(12):3639-46 [25433089] J Clin Invest. 2007 Jul;117(7):1824-34 [17571166] Mol Endocrinol. 2004 May;18(5):1238-50 [14976223] Annu Rev Med. 1999;50:57-74 [10073263] J Reprod Fertil. 1961 Feb;2:35-41 [13787411] Biochim Biophys Acta. 2004 Nov 29;1695(1-3):171-88 [15571814] Reproduction. 2004 Dec;128(6):669-78 [15579584] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 Oct 4;102(40):14326-31 [16176985] Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2005 Nov;1056:218-33 [16387690] Nat Rev Genet. 2006 Mar;7(3):185-99 [16485018] Mass Spectrom Rev. 2006 May-Jun;25(3):450-82 [16429408] EMBO J. 2006 Oct 4;25(19):4524-36 [16990800] J Am Soc Mass Spectrom. 2007 Jul;18(7):1176-87 [17512752] FEBS Lett. 2007 Jul 31;581(19):3641-51 [17481612] Cancer Cell. 2004 May;5(5):417-21 [15144949] PLoS One. 2012;7(5):e37647 [22629437] Annu Rev Physiol. 2000;62:353-75 [10845095] J Biol Chem. 2000 Sep 15;275(37):28834-42 [10893236] J Clin Invest. 2001 Jan;107(2):135-42 [11160126] Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2001 Mar;2(3):169-78 [11265246] Nat Rev Neurosci. 2001 Aug;2(8):589-94 [11484002] FASEB J. 2001 Oct;15(12):2057-72 [11641233] Physiol Rev. 2002 Apr;82(2):373-428 [11917093] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Mar 4;100(5):2963-8 [12601161] Science. 2003 Oct 31;302(5646):819-22 [14593166] Genome Res. 2003 Nov;13(11):2498-504 [14597658] Semin Cell Dev Biol. 2004 Feb;15(1):17-29 [15036203] Bioinformatics. 2007 Aug 1;23(15):2021-3 [17545182] Exp Cell Res. 2007 Oct 1;313(16):3395-407 [17707796] Anal Chem. 2008 Jan 1;80(1):294-302 [18044960] Nature. 2008 May 22;453(7194):481-8 [18497817] J Proteome Res. 2008 Aug;7(8):3354-63 [18597511] Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2008 Sep;9(9):679-90 [18698327] Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2009 Feb;10(2):104-15 [19165213] Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 2009;49:73-96 [18834306] BMC Bioinformatics. 2009;10:87 [19292916] Annu Rev Biochem. 2009;78:769-96 [19489733] Cell. 2009 May 29;137(5):914-25 [19490896] Nucleic Acids Res. 2009 Jul;37(Web Server issue):W305-11 [19465376] J Proteome Res. 2010 Feb 5;9(2):997-1006 [20000344] Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2010 Mar;2(3):a003350 [20300215] Semin Cell Dev Biol. 2010 Jul;21(5):500-11 [20347046] Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jul;38(Web Server issue):W96-102 [20484371] Breast Cancer Res. 2010;12(4):R59 [20682066] J Proteome Res. 2010 Nov 5;9(11):5748-56 [20831241] Prog Mol Biol Transl Sci. 2012;109:113-60 [22727421] Cell Stress Chaperones. 2012 Sep;17(5):577-87 [22374320] Endocrinology. 2012 Sep;153(9):4568-79 [22759378] Nat Med. 2012 Dec;18(12):1754-67 [23223073] Proteomics. 2013 Mar;13(5):766-70 [23303698] Open Biol. 2013 Apr;3(4):130035 [23615030] Structure. 2013 Sep 3;21(9):1551-62 [24010714] Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2014 Feb;26:139-46 [24463332] J Endocrinol. 1968 Nov;42(3):453-63 [4179775] Biol Reprod. 1980 Jun;22(5):1136-41 [7417646] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Nov 1;90(21):10159-62 [8234270] J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 1993 Aug;46(2):253-7 [8664174] FASEB J. 1998 Sep;12(12):1063-73 [9737710] Inflamm Res. 1998 Oct;47 Suppl 2:S78-87 [9831328] Int Rev Immunol. 2011 Feb;30(1):4-15 [21235322] Methods Enzymol. 2011;490:71-92 [21266244] Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2011 Mar;12(3):152-62 [21326199] Oncotarget. 2011 May;2(5):356-7 [21636878] Bioinformatics. 2011 Oct 15;27(20):2866-72 [21852304] Proteomics. 2011 Dec;11(24):4736-41 [22038874] Dev Cell. 2011 Dec 13;21(6):1014-25 [22100262] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M115.655001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Facile Solvothermal Synthesis of Octahedral Fe3 O4 Nanoparticles. AN - 1687361217; 25620676 AB - Anisotropic Fe3 O4 octahedrons are obtained via a simple solvothermal synthesis with appropriate sizes for various technological applications. A complete suite of materials characterization methods confirms the magnetite phase for these structures, which exhibit substantial saturation magnetization and intriguing morphologies for a wide range of applications. JF - Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) AU - Ooi, Frances AU - DuChene, Joseph S AU - Qiu, Jingjing AU - Graham, Jeremy O AU - Engelhard, Mark H AU - Cao, Guixin AU - Gai, Zheng AU - Wei, Wei David AD - Department of Chemistry and Center for Nanostructured Electronic Materials, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA. ; Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99354, USA. ; Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA. Y1 - 2015/06/10/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Jun 10 SP - 2649 EP - 2653 VL - 11 IS - 22 KW - magnetic nanoparticles KW - Fe3O4 KW - anisotropic nanostructures KW - magnetite UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1687361217?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Small+%28Weinheim+an+der+Bergstrasse%2C+Germany%29&rft.atitle=A+Facile+Solvothermal+Synthesis+of+Octahedral+Fe3+O4+Nanoparticles.&rft.au=Ooi%2C+Frances%3BDuChene%2C+Joseph+S%3BQiu%2C+Jingjing%3BGraham%2C+Jeremy+O%3BEngelhard%2C+Mark+H%3BCao%2C+Guixin%3BGai%2C+Zheng%3BWei%2C+Wei+David&rft.aulast=Ooi&rft.aufirst=Frances&rft.date=2015-06-10&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=22&rft.spage=2649&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Small+%28Weinheim+an+der+Bergstrasse%2C+Germany%29&rft.issn=1613-6829&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fsmll.201401954 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-09-15 N1 - Date created - 2015-06-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smll.201401954 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reactive transport codes for subsurface environmental simulation AN - 1832643177; 756301-3 AB - A general description of the mathematical and numerical formulations used in modern numerical reactive transport codes relevant for subsurface environmental simulations is presented. The formulations are followed by short descriptions of commonly used and available subsurface simulators that consider continuum representations of flow, transport, and reactions in porous media. These formulations are applicable to most of the subsurface environmental benchmark problems included in this special issue. The list of codes described briefly here includes PHREEQC, HPx, PHT3D, OpenGeoSys (OGS), HYTEC, ORCHESTRA, TOUGHREACT, eSTOMP, HYDROGEOCHEM, CrunchFlow, MIN3P, and PFLOTRAN. The descriptions include a high-level list of capabilities for each of the codes, along with a selective list of applications that highlight their capabilities and historical development. Copyright 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland and 2014 The Author(s) JF - Computational Geosciences AU - Steefel, C I AU - Appelo, C A J AU - Arora, B AU - Jacques, D AU - Kalbacher, T AU - Kolditz, O AU - Lagneau, V AU - Lichtner, P C AU - Mayer, K U AU - Meeussen, J C L AU - Molins, S AU - Moulton, D AU - Shao, H AU - Sim&U+016F;nek, J AU - Spycher, N AU - Yabusaki, S B AU - Yeh, G T Y1 - 2015/06// PY - 2015 DA - June 2015 SP - 445 EP - 478 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 19 IS - 3 SN - 1420-0597, 1420-0597 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832643177?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computational+Geosciences&rft.atitle=Reactive+transport+codes+for+subsurface+environmental+simulation&rft.au=Steefel%2C+C+I%3BAppelo%2C+C+A+J%3BArora%2C+B%3BJacques%2C+D%3BKalbacher%2C+T%3BKolditz%2C+O%3BLagneau%2C+V%3BLichtner%2C+P+C%3BMayer%2C+K+U%3BMeeussen%2C+J+C+L%3BMolins%2C+S%3BMoulton%2C+D%3BShao%2C+H%3BSim%26amp%3BU%2B016F%3Bnek%2C+J%3BSpycher%2C+N%3BYabusaki%2C+S+B%3BYeh%2C+G+T&rft.aulast=Steefel&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2015-06-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=445&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computational+Geosciences&rft.issn=14200597&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10596-014-9443-x L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/101744/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10596-014-9443-x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reactive transport benchmarks for subsurface environmental simulation AN - 1832623730; 756301-2 JF - Computational Geosciences AU - Steefel, Carl I AU - Yabusaki, Steven B AU - Mayer, K Ulrich Y1 - 2015/06// PY - 2015 DA - June 2015 SP - 439 EP - 443 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 19 IS - 3 SN - 1420-0597, 1420-0597 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832623730?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computational+Geosciences&rft.atitle=Reactive+transport+benchmarks+for+subsurface+environmental+simulation&rft.au=Steefel%2C+Carl+I%3BYabusaki%2C+Steven+B%3BMayer%2C+K+Ulrich&rft.aulast=Steefel&rft.aufirst=Carl&rft.date=2015-06-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=439&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computational+Geosciences&rft.issn=14200597&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10596-015-9499-2 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/101744/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10596-015-9499-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A uranium bioremediation reactive transport benchmark AN - 1827922826; PQ0001862235 AB - A reactive transport benchmark problem set has been developed based on in situ uranium bio-immobilization experiments that have been performed at a former uranium mill tailing site in Rifle, CO, USA. Acetate-amended groundwater stimulates indigenous microorganisms to catalyze the reduction of U(VI) to a sparingly soluble U(IV) mineral. The interplay between the flow, acetate loading periods and rates, and microbially mediated and geochemical reactions leads to dynamic behavior in metal- and sulfate-reducing bacteria, pH, alkalinity, and reactive mineral surfaces. The benchmark is based on an 8.5 m long one-dimensional model domain with constant saturated flow and uniform porosity. The 159-day simulation introduces acetate and bromide through the upgradient boundary in 14- and 85-day pulses separated by a 10 day interruption. Acetate loading is tripled during the second pulse, which is followed by a 50 day recovery period. Terminal electron-accepting processes for goethite, phyllosilicate Fe(III), U(VI), and sulfate are modeled using Monod-type rate laws. Major ion geochemistry modeled includes mineral reactions as well as aqueous and surface complexation reactions for UO super(2+) sub(2), Fe super(2+), and H super(+). In addition to the dynamics imparted by the transport of the acetate pulses, U(VI) behavior involves the interplay between bioreduction, which is dependent on acetate availability, and speciation-controlled surface complexation, which is dependent on pH, alkalinity, and available surface complexation sites. The general difficulty of this benchmark is the large number of reactions (74), multiple rate law formulations, a multisite uranium surface complexation model, and the strong interdependency and sensitivity of the reaction processes. Results are presented for three simulators: HYDROGEOCHEM, PHT3D, and PHREEQC. JF - Computational Geosciences AU - Yabusaki, Steven B AU - Sengor, Sevinc S AU - Fang, Yilin AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA, yabusaki@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2015/06// PY - 2015 DA - June 2015 SP - 551 EP - 567 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 19 IS - 3 SN - 1420-0597, 1420-0597 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Sulfate-reducing bacteria KW - Bioremediation KW - goethite KW - Porosity KW - Hydrogen KW - Computer applications KW - bromides KW - Acetic acid KW - Models KW - Sulfate KW - Alkalinity KW - Uranium KW - Microorganisms KW - Boundaries KW - Ground water KW - Iron KW - pH effects KW - Minerals KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1827922826?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computational+Geosciences&rft.atitle=A+uranium+bioremediation+reactive+transport+benchmark&rft.au=Yabusaki%2C+Steven+B%3BSengor%2C+Sevinc+S%3BFang%2C+Yilin&rft.aulast=Yabusaki&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2015-06-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=551&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computational+Geosciences&rft.issn=14200597&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10596-015-9474-y LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-26 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sulfate-reducing bacteria; Bioremediation; goethite; Porosity; Hydrogen; bromides; Computer applications; Acetic acid; Sulfate; Models; Uranium; Alkalinity; Ground water; Boundaries; Microorganisms; Minerals; pH effects; Iron DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10596-015-9474-y ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An Advanced Na-FeCl sub(2) ZEBRA Battery for Stationary Energy Storage Application AN - 1770367473; PQ0001663860 AB - Sodium-metal chloride batteries, ZEBRA, are considered one of the most important electrochemical devices for stationary energy storage applications because of its advantages of good cycle life, safety, and reliability. However, sodium-nickel chloride (Na-NiCl sub(2)) batteries, the most promising redox chemistry in ZEBRA batteries, still face great challenges for the practical application due to its inevitable feature of using Ni cathode (high materials cost). Here, a novel intermediate-temperature sodium-iron chloride (Na-FeCl sub(2)) battery using a molten sodium anode and Fe cathode is proposed and demonstrated. The first use of unique sulfur-based additives in Fe cathode enables Na-FeCl sub(2) batteries can be assembled in the discharged state and operated at intermediate temperature (<200 degree C). The results presented demonstrate that intermediate-temperature Na-FeCl sub(2) battery technology could be a propitious solution for ZEBRA battery technologies by replacing the traditional Na-NiCl sub(2) chemistry. A remarkably reliable Na-FeCl sub(2) ZEBRA battery for stationary energy storage is demonstrated. The removal of surface oxide layers on Fe particles is identified and attributed to polysulfide species, which are generated from sulfur-based additives through polysulfide reactions. Na-FeCl sub(2) cells presented can be assembled at the discharge state (NaCl + Fe) without handling highly hazardous materials such as FeCl sub(2) and metallic Na. JF - Advanced Energy Materials AU - Li, Guosheng AU - Lu, Xiaochuan AU - Kim, Jin Y AU - Viswanathan, Vilayanur V AU - Meinhardt, Kerry D AU - Engelhard, Mark H AU - Sprenkle, Vincent L AD - Stationary Energy Storage Group, Energy and Environmental Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA. Y1 - 2015/06// PY - 2015 DA - June 2015 SP - [np] PB - Wiley-Blackwell, Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD United Kingdom VL - 5 IS - 12 SN - 1614-6832, 1614-6832 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); ANTE: Abstracts in New Technologies and Engineering (AN); Aerospace & High Technology Database (AH) KW - Discharge KW - Cathodes KW - Chlorides KW - Battery KW - Energy storage KW - Polysulfides KW - Additives KW - Oxides KW - Yes:(AN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1770367473?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advanced+Energy+Materials&rft.atitle=An+Advanced+Na-FeCl+sub%282%29+ZEBRA+Battery+for+Stationary+Energy+Storage+Application&rft.au=Li%2C+Guosheng%3BLu%2C+Xiaochuan%3BKim%2C+Jin+Y%3BViswanathan%2C+Vilayanur+V%3BMeinhardt%2C+Kerry+D%3BEngelhard%2C+Mark+H%3BSprenkle%2C+Vincent+L&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Guosheng&rft.date=2015-06-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=%5Bnp%5D&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advanced+Energy+Materials&rft.issn=16146832&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Faenm.201500357 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-04 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201500357 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Measurement of fission gas release from irradiated U-Mo monolithic fuel samples AN - 1762365211; PQ0002441381 AB - The uranium-molybdenum (U-Mo) alloy in a monolithic form has been proposed as one fuel design capable of converting some of the world's highest power research reactors from the use of high enriched uranium (HEU) to low enriched uranium (LEU). One aspect of the fuel development and qualification process is to demonstrate appropriate understanding of the extent of fission product release from the fuel under anticipated service environments. An apparatus capable of heating post-irradiated small-scale samples cut from larger fuel segments according to specified thermal profiles under a controlled atmosphere has been installed into a hot cell. Results show that optimized experimental parameters to investigate fission product release from small samples have been established. Initial measurements conducted on aluminum alloy clad uranium-molybdenum monolithic fuel samples reveal three clear fission gas release events over the temperature range of 30-1000 [degrees]C. The mechanisms responsible for these events are discussed, and the results have been compared with available information in the literature. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Burkes, Douglas E AU - Casella, Amanda J AU - Casella, Andrew M AU - Luscher, Walter G AU - Rice, Francine J AU - Pool, Karl N AD - Nuclear Engineering & Analysis Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MSIN K8-34, Richland, WA 99352, USA, uglas.Burkes@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2015/06// PY - 2015 DA - June 2015 SP - 61 EP - 71 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 461 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Fission products KW - Nuclear reactors KW - Fuels KW - Uranium KW - Aluminum KW - Radioactive materials KW - Temperature KW - Alloys KW - Atmosphere KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1762365211?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Measurement+of+fission+gas+release+from+irradiated+U-Mo+monolithic+fuel+samples&rft.au=Burkes%2C+Douglas+E%3BCasella%2C+Amanda+J%3BCasella%2C+Andrew+M%3BLuscher%2C+Walter+G%3BRice%2C+Francine+J%3BPool%2C+Karl+N&rft.aulast=Burkes&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft.date=2015-06-01&rft.volume=461&rft.issue=&rft.spage=61&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2015.02.020 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fission products; Nuclear reactors; Uranium; Fuels; Radioactive materials; Aluminum; Temperature; Alloys; Atmosphere DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2015.02.020 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nanostructure of metallic particles in light water reactor used nuclear fuel AN - 1762364259; PQ0002441403 AB - An extraordinary nano-structure has been observed in the metallic (Mo-Tc-Ru-Rh-Pd) particles that are known to form during irradiated in light water nuclear reactor fuels. This structure points possible high catalytic reactivity through the occurrence of a very high surface area as well as defect sites. We have analyzed separated metallic particles from dissolved high burn-up spent nuclear fuel using scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The larger particles vary in diameter between ~10 and ~300 nm and possess a hexagonally close packed epsilon-ruthenium structure. These particles are not always single crystals but often consist of much smaller crystallites on the order of 1-3 nm in diameter with evidence suggesting the occurrence of some amorphous regions. It is possible that neutron irradiation and fission product recoils generated the unusual small crystallite size. The composition of the metallic particles was variable with low levels of uranium present in some of the particles. We hypothesize that the uranium may have induced the formation of the amorphous (or frustrated) metal structure. This unique nano-structure may play an important role in the environmental behavior of nuclear fuels. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Buck, Edgar C AU - Mausolf, Edward J AU - McNamara, Bruce K AU - Soderquist, Chuck Z AU - Schwantes, Jon M AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Mail Stop P7-27, Richland, WA 99352, United States, edgar.buck@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2015/06// PY - 2015 DA - June 2015 SP - 236 EP - 243 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 461 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Fission products KW - Nuclear reactors KW - Behavior KW - Uranium KW - Surface area KW - Fuels KW - Irradiation KW - Nuclear fuels KW - Microscopy KW - Radioactive materials KW - Particulates KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1762364259?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Nanostructure+of+metallic+particles+in+light+water+reactor+used+nuclear+fuel&rft.au=Buck%2C+Edgar+C%3BMausolf%2C+Edward+J%3BMcNamara%2C+Bruce+K%3BSoderquist%2C+Chuck+Z%3BSchwantes%2C+Jon+M&rft.aulast=Buck&rft.aufirst=Edgar&rft.date=2015-06-01&rft.volume=461&rft.issue=&rft.spage=236&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2015.03.001 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 43 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fission products; Nuclear reactors; Behavior; Irradiation; Fuels; Surface area; Uranium; Radioactive materials; Microscopy; Nuclear fuels; Particulates DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2015.03.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Global patterns and controls of soil organic carbon dynamics as simulated by multiple terrestrial biosphere models; current status and future directions AN - 1722156673; 2015-099155 AB - Soil is the largest organic carbon (C) pool of terrestrial ecosystems, and C loss from soil accounts for a large proportion of land-atmosphere C exchange. Therefore, a small change in soil organic C (SOC) can affect atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO (sub 2) ) concentration and climate change. In the past decades, a wide variety of studies have been conducted to quantify global SOC stocks and soil C exchange with the atmosphere through site measurements, inventories, and empirical/process-based modeling. However, these estimates are highly uncertain, and identifying major driving forces controlling soil C dynamics remains a key research challenge. This study has compiled century-long (1901-2010) estimates of SOC storage and heterotrophic respiration (Rh) from 10 terrestrial biosphere models (TBMs) in the Multi-scale Synthesis and Terrestrial Model Intercomparison Project and two observation-based data sets. The 10 TBM ensemble shows that global SOC estimate ranges from 425 to 2111 Pg C (1 Pg = 10 (super 15) g) with a median value of 1158 Pg C in 2010. The models estimate a broad range of Rh from 35 to 69 Pg C yr (super -1) with a median value of 51 Pg C yr (super -1) during 2001-2010. The largest uncertainty in SOC stocks exists in the 40-65 degrees N latitude whereas the largest cross-model divergence in Rh are in the tropics. The modeled SOC change during 1901-2010 ranges from -70 Pg C to 86 Pg C, but in some models the SOC change has a different sign from the change of total C stock, implying very different contribution of vegetation and soil pools in determining the terrestrial C budget among models. The model ensemble-estimated mean residence time of SOC shows a reduction of 3.4 years over the past century, which accelerate C cycling through the land biosphere. All the models agreed that climate and land use changes decreased SOC stocks, while elevated atmospheric CO (sub 2) and nitrogen deposition over intact ecosystems increased SOC stocks-even though the responses varied significantly among models. Model representations of temperature and moisture sensitivity, nutrient limitation, and land use partially explain the divergent estimates of global SOC stocks and soil C fluxes in this study. In addition, a major source of systematic error in model estimations relates to nonmodeled SOC storage in wetlands and peatlands, as well as to old C storage in deep soil layers. Abstract Copyright (2015), . The Authors. JF - Global Biogeochemical Cycles AU - Tian, Hanqin AU - Lu, Chaoqun AU - Yang, Jia AU - Banger, Kamaljit AU - Huntzinger, Deborah N AU - Schwalm, Christopher R AU - Michalak, Anna M AU - Cook, Robert AU - Ciais, Philippe AU - Hayes, Daniel AU - Huang, Maoyi AU - Ito, Akihiko AU - Jain, Atul K AU - Lei, Huimin AU - Mao, Jiafu AU - Pan, Shufen AU - Post, Wilfred M AU - Peng, Shushi AU - Poulter, Benjamin AU - Ren, Wei AU - Ricciuto, Daniel AU - Schaefer, Kevin AU - Shi, Xiaoying AU - Tao, Bo AU - Wang, Weile AU - Wei, Yaxing AU - Yang, Qichun AU - Zhang, Bowen AU - Zeng, Ning Y1 - 2015/06// PY - 2015 DA - June 2015 SP - 775 EP - 792 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 29 IS - 6 SN - 0886-6236, 0886-6236 KW - soils KW - respiration KW - peatlands KW - terrestrial environment KW - numerical models KW - ecosystems KW - nitrogen KW - geochemical cycle KW - carbon dioxide KW - nitrogen cycle KW - controls KW - mires KW - dynamics KW - carbon KW - biosphere KW - residence time KW - carbon cycle KW - organic carbon KW - uncertainty KW - storage KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1722156673?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+Biogeochemical+Cycles&rft.atitle=Global+patterns+and+controls+of+soil+organic+carbon+dynamics+as+simulated+by+multiple+terrestrial+biosphere+models%3B+current+status+and+future+directions&rft.au=Tian%2C+Hanqin%3BLu%2C+Chaoqun%3BYang%2C+Jia%3BBanger%2C+Kamaljit%3BHuntzinger%2C+Deborah+N%3BSchwalm%2C+Christopher+R%3BMichalak%2C+Anna+M%3BCook%2C+Robert%3BCiais%2C+Philippe%3BHayes%2C+Daniel%3BHuang%2C+Maoyi%3BIto%2C+Akihiko%3BJain%2C+Atul+K%3BLei%2C+Huimin%3BMao%2C+Jiafu%3BPan%2C+Shufen%3BPost%2C+Wilfred+M%3BPeng%2C+Shushi%3BPoulter%2C+Benjamin%3BRen%2C+Wei%3BRicciuto%2C+Daniel%3BSchaefer%2C+Kevin%3BShi%2C+Xiaoying%3BTao%2C+Bo%3BWang%2C+Weile%3BWei%2C+Yaxing%3BYang%2C+Qichun%3BZhang%2C+Bowen%3BZeng%2C+Ning&rft.aulast=Tian&rft.aufirst=Hanqin&rft.date=2015-06-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=775&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+Biogeochemical+Cycles&rft.issn=08866236&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2014GB005021 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/gb/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 66 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biosphere; carbon; carbon cycle; carbon dioxide; controls; dynamics; ecosystems; geochemical cycle; mires; nitrogen; nitrogen cycle; numerical models; organic carbon; peatlands; residence time; respiration; soils; storage; terrestrial environment; uncertainty DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014GB005021 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - How does increasing horizontal resolution in a global climate model improve the simulation of aerosol-cloud interactions? AN - 1705082721; PQ0001771710 AB - The Community Atmosphere Model Version 5 is run at horizontal grid spacing of 2, 1, 0.5, and 0.25 degree , with the meteorology nudged toward the Year Of Tropical Convection analysis, and cloud simulators and the collocated A-Train satellite observations are used to explore the resolution dependence of aerosol-cloud interactions. The higher-resolution model produces results that agree better with observations, showing an increase of susceptibility of cloud droplet size, indicating a stronger first aerosol indirect forcing (AIF), and a decrease of susceptibility of precipitation probability, suggesting a weaker second AIF. The resolution sensitivities of AIF are attributed to those of droplet nucleation and precipitation parameterizations. The annual average AIF in the Northern Hemisphere midlatitudes (where most anthropogenic emissions occur) in the 0.25 degree model is reduced by about 1Wm super(-2) (-30%) compared to the 2 degree model, leading to a 0.26Wm super(-2) reduction (-15%) in the global annual average AIF. Key Points * Using simulators and constrained meteorology facilitates fair model evaluation * S sub(pop) and AIF decrease, but S sub(Re) increases with increasing resolution * Droplet nucleation and precipitation processes exhibit resolution sensitivity JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Ma, Po-Lun AU - Rasch, Philip J AU - Wang, Minghuai AU - Wang, Hailong AU - Ghan, Steven J AU - Easter, Richard C AU - Gustafson, William I AU - Liu, Xiaohong AU - Zhang, Yuying AU - Ma, Hsi-Yen AD - Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA. Y1 - 2015/06// PY - 2015 DA - June 2015 SP - 5058 EP - 5065 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ United States VL - 42 IS - 12 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Convection KW - Atmospheric pollution models KW - Simulators KW - Rainfall KW - Climate change KW - Anthropogenic factors KW - Remote sensing KW - Cloud droplet size KW - Atmosphere KW - Evaluation KW - Nucleation KW - Precipitation probability KW - Emissions KW - Meteorology KW - Modelling KW - Atmospheric precipitations KW - Sensitivity KW - Aerosols KW - Climate models KW - Precipitation processes KW - Simulation Analysis KW - Climates KW - Climate KW - Simulation KW - Precipitation KW - Satellites KW - Clouds KW - Global climate KW - Satellite data KW - Numerical simulations KW - Tropical convection KW - Atmospheric forcing KW - Q2 09262:Methods and instruments KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - SW 0810:General KW - M2 551.581:Latitudinal Influences (551.581) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1705082721?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=How+does+increasing+horizontal+resolution+in+a+global+climate+model+improve+the+simulation+of+aerosol-cloud+interactions%3F&rft.au=Ma%2C+Po-Lun%3BRasch%2C+Philip+J%3BWang%2C+Minghuai%3BWang%2C+Hailong%3BGhan%2C+Steven+J%3BEaster%2C+Richard+C%3BGustafson%2C+William+I%3BLiu%2C+Xiaohong%3BZhang%2C+Yuying%3BMa%2C+Hsi-Yen&rft.aulast=Ma&rft.aufirst=Po-Lun&rft.date=2015-06-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=5058&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2015GL064183 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Clouds; Convection; Atmospheric precipitations; Aerosols; Simulators; Climate change; Atmospheric forcing; Meteorology; Modelling; Atmospheric pollution models; Climate models; Precipitation processes; Precipitation; Cloud droplet size; Nucleation; Global climate; Satellite data; Precipitation probability; Numerical simulations; Tropical convection; Sensitivity; Rainfall; Climate; Remote sensing; Anthropogenic factors; Simulation; Satellites; Atmosphere; Emissions; Evaluation; Simulation Analysis; Climates DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015GL064183 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessing the relative influence of surface soil moisture and ENSO SST on precipitation predictability over the contiguous United States AN - 1705079320; PQ0001771711 AB - This study assesses the relative influence of soil moisture memory and tropical sea surface temperature (SST) in seasonal rainfall over the contiguous United States. Using observed precipitation, the NINO3.4 index, and soil moisture and evapotranspiration simulated by a land surface model for 61years, analysis was performed using partial correlations to evaluate to what extent land surface and SST anomaly of El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) can affect seasonal precipitation over different regions and seasons. Results show that antecedent soil moisture is as important as concurrent ENSO condition in controlling rainfall anomalies over the U.S., but they generally dominate in different seasons with SST providing more predictability during winter while soil moisture, through its linkages to evapotranspiration and snow water, has larger influence in spring and early summer. The proposed methodology is applicable to climate model outputs to evaluate the intensity of land-atmosphere coupling and its relative importance. Key Points * Relative importance of soil moisture * Comparison to ENSO * Applicable to climate model outputs JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Yoon, Jin-Ho AU - Leung, LRuby AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA. Y1 - 2015/06// PY - 2015 DA - June 2015 SP - 5005 EP - 5013 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ United States VL - 42 IS - 12 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Sea surface KW - Rainfall KW - Correlations KW - Soil Water KW - Seasonal precipitation KW - Sea surface temperature anomalies KW - Predictability KW - El Nino KW - Soils KW - Seasonal variability KW - Sea surface temperature forecasting KW - El Nino phenomena KW - Modelling KW - Atmospheric precipitations KW - Temperature effects KW - Marine KW - Climate models KW - Snow KW - Seasonal rainfall KW - Climates KW - Evapotranspiration KW - Precipitation KW - Southern Oscillation KW - USA KW - El Nino-Southern Oscillation event KW - Moisture Content KW - Land-atmosphere interaction KW - Soil moisture KW - Rainfall anomalies KW - Q2 09262:Methods and instruments KW - SW 0810:General KW - M2 556.13:Evaporation/Evapotranspiration (556.13) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1705079320?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Assessing+the+relative+influence+of+surface+soil+moisture+and+ENSO+SST+on+precipitation+predictability+over+the+contiguous+United+States&rft.au=Yoon%2C+Jin-Ho%3BLeung%2C+LRuby&rft.aulast=Yoon&rft.aufirst=Jin-Ho&rft.date=2015-06-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=5005&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2015GL064139 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Atmospheric precipitations; Sea surface; Snow; Soils; Evapotranspiration; Modelling; El Nino phenomena; Southern Oscillation; Climate models; Seasonal rainfall; Correlations; Precipitation; Seasonal precipitation; Sea surface temperature anomalies; Predictability; El Nino-Southern Oscillation event; Seasonal variability; Soil moisture; Land-atmosphere interaction; Sea surface temperature forecasting; Rainfall anomalies; El Nino; Rainfall; Climates; Moisture Content; Soil Water; USA; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015GL064139 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Uncertainty quantification for evaluating the impacts of fracture zone on pressure build-up and ground surface uplift during geological CO sub(2) sequestration AN - 1701477893; PQ0001722597 AB - A series of numerical test cases reflecting broad and realistic ranges of geological formation and fracture zone properties was developed to systematically evaluate the impacts of fracture zone on pressure build-up and ground surface uplift during CO sub(2) injection. Numerical test cases were conducted using a coupled hydro-geomechanical simulator, eSTOMP-RBSM (extreme-scale Subsurface Transport over Multiple Phases, rigid-body-spring model). For efficient sensitivity analysis and reliable construction of a reduced-order model, a quasi-Monte Carlo sampling method was applied to effectively sample a high-dimensional input parameter space to explore uncertainties associated with hydrologic properties. The uncertainty quantification results show that the impacts on geomechanical response from the fracture zone mainly depend on reservoir and fracture zone permeability. When the fracture zone permeability is two to three orders of magnitude smaller than the reservoir permeability, the fracture zone can be considered as an impermeable block that resists fluid transport in the reservoir, which causes pressure increase near the fracture zone. When the fracture zone permeability is close to the reservoir permeability, or higher than 10 super(-15) m super(2) in this study, the fracture zone can be considered as a conduit that penetrates the caprock, connecting the fluid flow between the reservoir and the upper rock. JF - Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology AU - Bao, Jie AU - Hou, Zhangshuan AU - Fang, Yilin AU - Ren, Huiying AU - Lin, Guang AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA. Y1 - 2015/06// PY - 2015 DA - Jun 2015 SP - 254 EP - 267 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD United Kingdom VL - 5 IS - 3 SN - 2152-3878, 2152-3878 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Permeability KW - Sensitivity analysis KW - Geology KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Reservoirs KW - Fluid flow KW - Science and technology KW - Sampling methods KW - M2 556.55:Lakes, Reservoirs, Ponds (556.55) KW - ENA 20:Weather Modification & Geophysical Change UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1701477893?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Greenhouse+Gases%3A+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Uncertainty+quantification+for+evaluating+the+impacts+of+fracture+zone+on+pressure+build-up+and+ground+surface+uplift+during+geological+CO+sub%282%29+sequestration&rft.au=Bao%2C+Jie%3BHou%2C+Zhangshuan%3BFang%2C+Yilin%3BRen%2C+Huiying%3BLin%2C+Guang&rft.aulast=Bao&rft.aufirst=Jie&rft.date=2015-06-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=254&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Greenhouse+Gases%3A+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=21523878&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fghg.1456 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sensitivity analysis; Greenhouse gases; Science and technology; Fluid flow; Reservoirs; Permeability; Geology; Carbon dioxide; Sampling methods DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ghg.1456 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantifying Diurnal Cloud Radiative Effects by Cloud Type in the Tropical Western Pacific AN - 1701475279; PQ0001687531 AB - Cloud radiative effects are examined using long-term datasets collected at the U.S. Department of Energy's three Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program Climate Research Facilities in the tropical western Pacific Ocean. The surface radiation budget, cloud populations, and cloud radiative effects are quantified by partitioning the data by cloud type, time of day, and large-scale modes of variability such as El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phase and wet/dry seasons at Darwin, Australia. The novel aspect of this analysis is the breakdown of aggregate cloud radiative effects by cloud type across the diurnal cycle. The Nauru Island (Republic of Nauru) cloud populations and subsequently the surface radiation budget are strongly impacted by ENSO variability, whereas the cloud populations over Manus Island (Papua New Guinea) shift only slightly in response to changes in ENSO phase. The Darwin site exhibits large seasonal monsoon-related variations. When present, deeper convective clouds have a strong influence on the amount of radiation that reaches the surface. Their limited frequency reduces their aggregate radiative impact, however. The largest source of shortwave cloud radiative effects at all three sites comes from low clouds. The observations are used to demonstrate that potential model biases in the amplitude of the diurnal cycle and mean cloud frequency would lead to larger errors in the surface energy budget when compared with biases in the timing of the diurnal cycle of cloud frequency. These results provide solid benchmarks to evaluate model simulations of cloud radiative effects in the tropics. JF - Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology AU - Burleyson, Casey D AU - Long, Charles N AU - Comstock, Jennifer M AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington Y1 - 2015/06// PY - 2015 DA - June 2015 SP - 1297 EP - 1312 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 United States VL - 54 IS - 6 SN - 1558-8424, 1558-8424 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Tropics KW - Cloud radiative effects KW - El Nino KW - Energy budget/balance KW - Radiative fluxes KW - Diurnal effects KW - Variability KW - Cloud frequencies KW - IS, Tropical Pacific KW - Low clouds KW - Radiation budget KW - ISEW, Papua New Guinea, Bismarck Archipelago, Admiralty Is., Manus I. KW - El Nino-Southern Oscillation event variability KW - Radiation KW - Australia KW - Climatology KW - ISEW, Pacific, Nauru KW - El Nino phenomena KW - ISEW, Australia, Northern Terr., Darwin KW - Timing KW - Atmospheric radiation measurements KW - Climates KW - Environmental impact KW - Aggregates KW - Ecosystem disturbance KW - Energy budget KW - Model Studies KW - Southern Oscillation KW - Clouds KW - IW, Pacific KW - Numerical simulations KW - Oceans KW - Tropical environment KW - Convective activity KW - El Nino-Southern Oscillation event KW - ISEW, Papua New Guinea KW - Downward long wave radiation KW - Dry season KW - Q2 09242:Observations and measurements at sea KW - M2 551.588:Environmental Influences (551.588) KW - SW 7010:Education - extramural UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1701475279?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Applied+Meteorology+and+Climatology&rft.atitle=Quantifying+Diurnal+Cloud+Radiative+Effects+by+Cloud+Type+in+the+Tropical+Western+Pacific&rft.au=Burleyson%2C+Casey+D%3BLong%2C+Charles+N%3BComstock%2C+Jennifer+M&rft.aulast=Burleyson&rft.aufirst=Casey&rft.date=2015-06-01&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1297&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Applied+Meteorology+and+Climatology&rft.issn=15588424&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2FJAMC-D-14-0288.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-08-01 N1 - Number of references - 59 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Radiation; Tropical environment; Environmental impact; Downward long wave radiation; Climatology; Energy budget; Ecosystem disturbance; El Nino phenomena; Southern Oscillation; Atmospheric radiation measurements; Cloud frequencies; Low clouds; Clouds; Radiation budget; El Nino-Southern Oscillation event variability; Numerical simulations; El Nino-Southern Oscillation event; Convective activity; Dry season; Timing; Variability; Oceans; Climates; Aggregates; Model Studies; ISEW, Australia, Northern Terr., Darwin; IW, Pacific; ISEW, Papua New Guinea, Bismarck Archipelago, Admiralty Is., Manus I.; ISEW, Papua New Guinea; Australia; ISEW, Pacific, Nauru; IS, Tropical Pacific DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JAMC-D-14-0288.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Opinions, influence, and zealotry: a computational study on stubbornness AN - 1686416473; 4678117 AB - We present a simple, efficient, and predictive model for opinion dynamics with zealots. Our model captures curvature-driven dynamics (e.g., clear, smooth boundaries separating domains whose curvature decreases over time) through a simple, individual rule, providing a method for rapidly testing basic hypotheses about innovation diffusion, opinion dynamics, and related phenomena. Our model belongs to a class of models called dimer automata, which are asynchronous, graph-based (i.e., non-uniform lattice) variants of cellular automata. Individuals in the model update their states via a dyadic update rule; population opinion dynamics emerge from these pairwise interactions. Zealots are stubborn individuals whose opinion is not susceptible to influence by others. We observe experimentally that a system without zealots usually converges to the majority opinion, but a relatively small number of zealots can sway the opinion of the whole population. The influence of zealots can be further increased by placing zealots at more effective locations within the network. These locations can be determined by rankings from standard social network analysis metrics, or by using a greedy algorithm for influence maximization. We apply the influence maximization technique to a politically polarized social network to explore opinion dynamics in a real-world network and to gain insight about influence and political entrenchment through the zealot model's ability to sway the entire network to one side or the other. Reprinted by permission of Springer JF - Computational and mathematical organization theory AU - Arendt, Dustin L AU - Blaha, Leslie M AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory ; US Air Force Research Laboratory Y1 - 2015/06// PY - 2015 DA - Jun 2015 SP - 184 EP - 209 VL - 21 IS - 2 SN - 1381-298X, 1381-298X KW - Economics KW - Social networks KW - Innovation diffusion KW - Algorithms KW - Computational methods KW - Opinion KW - Mathematical analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1686416473?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computational+and+mathematical+organization+theory&rft.atitle=Opinions%2C+influence%2C+and+zealotry%3A+a+computational+study+on+stubbornness&rft.au=Arendt%2C+Dustin+L%3BBlaha%2C+Leslie+M&rft.aulast=Arendt&rft.aufirst=Dustin&rft.date=2015-06-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=184&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computational+and+mathematical+organization+theory&rft.issn=1381298X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10588-015-9181-1 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2015-06-08 N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-08 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 6566 12616 12622; 7815 971; 2671 10919; 11873 8634; 918 7824; 8954 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10588-015-9181-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effect of bicarbonate on the microbial dissolution of autunite mineral in the presence of gram-positive bacteria. AN - 1680955464; 25827574 AB - Bacteria are key players in the processes that govern fate and transport of contaminants. The uranium release from Na and Ca-autunite by Arthrobacter oxydans strain G968 was evaluated in the presence of bicarbonate ions. This bacterium was previously isolated from Hanford Site soil and in earlier prescreening tests demonstrated low tolerance to U(VI) toxicity compared to other A. oxydans isolates. Experiments were conducted using glass serum bottles as mixed bioreactors and sterile 6-well cell culture plates with inserts separating bacteria cells from mineral solids. Reactors containing phosphorus-limiting media were amended with bicarbonate ranging between 0 and 10 mM and meta-autunite solids to provide a U(VI) concentration of 4.4 mmol/L. Results showed that in the presence of bicarbonate, A. oxydans G968 was able to enhance the release of U(VI) from Na and Ca autunite at the same capacity as other A. oxydans isolates with relatively high tolerance to U(VI). The effect of bacterial strains on autunite dissolution decreases as the concentration of bicarbonate increases. The results illustrate that direct interaction between the bacteria and the mineral is not necessary to result in U(VI) biorelease from autunite. The formation of secondary calcium-phosphate mineral phases on the surface of the mineral during the dissolution can ultimately reduce the natural autunite mineral contact area, which bacterial cells can access. This thereby reduces the concentration of uranium released into the solution. This study provides a better understanding of the interactions between meta-autunite and microbes in conditions mimicking arid and semiarid subsurface environments of western U.S. JF - Journal of environmental radioactivity AU - Sepulveda-Medina, Paola M AU - Katsenovich, Yelena P AU - Wellman, Dawn M AU - Lagos, Leonel E AD - Applied Research Center, Florida International University, 10555 W. Flagler Street, Miami, FL 33174, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Florida International University, 10555 W. Flagler Street, Miami, FL 33174, USA. ; Applied Research Center, Florida International University, 10555 W. Flagler Street, Miami, FL 33174, USA. Electronic address: katsenov@fiu.edu. ; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, K3-62, Richland, WA 99352, USA. ; Applied Research Center, Florida International University, 10555 W. Flagler Street, Miami, FL 33174, USA. Y1 - 2015/06// PY - 2015 DA - June 2015 SP - 77 EP - 85 VL - 144 KW - Bicarbonates KW - 0 KW - Phosphates KW - Radioactive Pollutants KW - Uranium Compounds KW - hydrogen uranyl phosphate KW - 18433-48-2 KW - Sodium KW - 9NEZ333N27 KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Index Medicus KW - Aqueous bicarbonate KW - Arthrobacter sp KW - Microscopy KW - Radionuclides KW - Autunite mineral KW - Calcium -- metabolism KW - Calcium -- chemistry KW - Sodium -- chemistry KW - Sodium -- metabolism KW - Radioactive Pollutants -- chemistry KW - Phosphates -- metabolism KW - Arthrobacter -- metabolism KW - Arthrobacter -- genetics KW - Arthrobacter -- drug effects KW - Phosphates -- chemistry KW - Uranium Compounds -- metabolism KW - Uranium Compounds -- chemistry KW - Radioactive Pollutants -- metabolism KW - Bicarbonates -- metabolism KW - Bicarbonates -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1680955464?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+environmental+radioactivity&rft.atitle=The+effect+of+bicarbonate+on+the+microbial+dissolution+of+autunite+mineral+in+the+presence+of+gram-positive+bacteria.&rft.au=Sepulveda-Medina%2C+Paola+M%3BKatsenovich%2C+Yelena+P%3BWellman%2C+Dawn+M%3BLagos%2C+Leonel+E&rft.aulast=Sepulveda-Medina&rft.aufirst=Paola&rft.date=2015-06-01&rft.volume=144&rft.issue=&rft.spage=77&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+environmental+radioactivity&rft.issn=1879-1700&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jenvrad.2015.03.002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-02-11 N1 - Date created - 2015-05-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2015.03.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Deficient expression of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1 is consistent with increased sensitivity of Gorlin syndrome patients to radiation carcinogenesis. AN - 1673073309; 24285572 AB - Human phenotypes that are highly susceptible to radiation carcinogenesis have been identified. Sensitive phenotypes often display robust regulation of molecular features that modify biological response, which can facilitate identification of the pathways/networks that contribute to pathophysiological outcomes. Here we interrogate primary dermal fibroblasts isolated from Gorlin syndrome patients (GDFs), who display a pronounced inducible tumorigenic response to radiation, in comparison to normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDFs). Our approach exploits newly developed thiol reactive probes to define changes in protein thiol profiles in live cell studies, which minimizes artifacts associated with cell lysis. Redox probes revealed deficient expression of an apparent 55 kDa protein thiol in GDFs from independent Gorlin syndrome patients, compared with NHDFs. Proteomics tentatively identified this protein as aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1 (ALDH1A1), a key enzyme regulating retinoic acid synthesis, and ALDH1A1 protein deficiency in GDFs was confirmed by Western blot. A number of additional protein thiol differences in GDFs were identified, including radiation responsive annexin family members and lamin A/C. Collectively, candidates identified in our study have plausible implications for radiation health effects and cancer susceptibility. JF - Molecular carcinogenesis AU - Wright, Aaron T AU - Magnaldo, Thierry AU - Sontag, Ryan L AU - Anderson, Lindsey N AU - Sadler, Natalie C AU - Piehowski, Paul D AU - Gache, Yannick AU - Weber, Thomas J AD - Omic Biological Applications, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington. Y1 - 2015/06// PY - 2015 DA - June 2015 SP - 473 EP - 484 VL - 54 IS - 6 KW - ALDH1A1 protein, human KW - EC 1.2.1.3 KW - Aldehyde Dehydrogenase KW - Index Medicus KW - retinoic acid KW - radiation KW - carcinogenesis KW - Gorlin syndrome KW - protein thiol KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - Carcinogenesis -- genetics KW - Fibroblasts -- pathology KW - Carcinogenesis -- radiation effects KW - Down-Regulation KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Middle Aged KW - Fibroblasts -- radiation effects KW - Fibroblasts -- metabolism KW - Cell Line KW - Aldehyde Dehydrogenase -- genetics KW - Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced -- etiology KW - Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced -- pathology KW - Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome -- complications KW - Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced -- genetics KW - Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome -- pathology KW - Aldehyde Dehydrogenase -- analysis KW - Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1673073309?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=Deficient+expression+of+aldehyde+dehydrogenase+1A1+is+consistent+with+increased+sensitivity+of+Gorlin+syndrome+patients+to+radiation+carcinogenesis.&rft.au=Wright%2C+Aaron+T%3BMagnaldo%2C+Thierry%3BSontag%2C+Ryan+L%3BAnderson%2C+Lindsey+N%3BSadler%2C+Natalie+C%3BPiehowski%2C+Paul+D%3BGache%2C+Yannick%3BWeber%2C+Thomas+J&rft.aulast=Wright&rft.aufirst=Aaron&rft.date=2015-06-01&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=473&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+carcinogenesis&rft.issn=1098-2744&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fmc.22115 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-06-25 N1 - Date created - 2015-04-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Hum Exp Toxicol. 2003 Jun;22(6):309-13; discussion 321-3 [12856954] Cancer. 2003 Aug 1;98(3):618-24 [12879481] J Biol Chem. 2003 Sep 19;278(38):36085-90 [12851412] Nutr Cancer. 1983;5(1):41-50 [6415617] Teratog Carcinog Mutagen. 1988;8(1):25-33 [2897722] Neoplasma. 1989;36(3):353-5 [2739814] Br J Dermatol. 1990 Nov;123(5):573-80 [2248886] Br J Neurosurg. 1991;5(6):643-6 [1772613] Anal Chem. 1995 Apr 15;67(8):1426-36 [7741214] Arch Biochem Biophys. 1995 Jun 20;320(1):51-8 [7793984] Am J Med Genet. 1997 Mar 31;69(3):299-308 [9096761] Front Biosci. 2005 Jan 1;10:300-25 [15574370] Br J Dermatol. 2005 Jan;152(1):43-51 [15656799] Mol Carcinog. 2005 May;43(1):31-7 [15800926] Respirology. 2006 Mar;11(2):169-74 [16548902] Mol Cell Biol. 2013 Mar;33(6):1210-22 [23319047] Blood. 2013 May 16;121(20):4036-45 [23440242] Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2013 Jun;104(5):426-33 [23669591] J Med Genet. 2006 Apr;43(4):289-94 [16155191] Physiol Rev. 2006 Jul;86(3):967-1008 [16816143] Anal Biochem. 2006 Nov 15;358(2):171-84 [17007807] Childs Nerv Syst. 2007 Jan;23(1):133-6 [16977487] Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2007 Jan;292(1):G18-27 [16935849] Radiat Environ Biophys. 2007 Jun;46(2):195-9 [17387500] J Biol Chem. 2007 Jun 1;282(22):16577-84 [17426037] Reprod Toxicol. 2007 Jul;24(1):20-30 [17596910] Mol Cancer Ther. 2008 May;7(5):1275-84 [18483315] J Proteome Res. 2008 Aug;7(8):3354-63 [18597511] Br J Dermatol. 2008 Aug;159(2):445-52 [18510667] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Aug 26;105(34):12445-50 [18711141] J Cell Biol. 2008 Nov 3;183(3):385-91 [18955550] Dev Cell. 2008 Dec;15(6):801-12 [19081070] PLoS One. 2009;4(3):e4818 [19287498] Stem Cells. 2009 Mar;27(3):568-76 [19259937] Radiat Res. 2009 Jul;172(1):96-105 [19580511] Radiat Res. 2009 Sep;172(3):306-13 [19708779] Cancer Cell. 2009 Nov 6;16(5):369-77 [19878869] Mol Pharmacol. 2009 Dec;76(6):1265-78 [19786557] Int J Radiat Biol. 2010 Feb;86(2):102-13 [20148696] Stem Cells. 2010 Mar 31;28(3):523-34 [20054864] Annu Rev Pathol. 2011;6:345-64 [21073338] Antioxid Redox Signal. 2011 Jun 15;14(12):2581-642 [21275844] Eur J Cancer. 2011 Aug;47(12):1837-45 [21621406] Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2011;6:70 [22044607] Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2012 Jan 1;82(1):242-9 [21236595] Oncotarget. 2011 Dec;2(12):1075-93 [22185818] J Invest Dermatol. 2012 Jun;132(6):1573-82 [22377763] J Cell Mol Med. 2012 Jul;16(7):1593-605 [22003958] Int J Mol Med. 2012 Nov;30(5):1007-12 [22922974] Cancer. 2012 Dec 1;118(23):5757-67 [22736399] J Am Chem Soc. 2012 Dec 19;134(50):20521-32 [23176123] Radiat Res. 2013 Jan;179(1):53-61 [23148505] Pharmacol Ther. 2013 Feb;137(2):200-15 [23064233] Chem Biol. 2013 Jan 24;20(1):123-33 [23352146] Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2012 Dec;22(6):562-9 [23266215] PLoS One. 2013;8(6):e65929 [23776571] PLoS One. 2013;8(8):e71850 [23977161] Am J Med Genet A. 2013 Nov;161A(11):2894-901 [24124115] Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2000 Feb;278(2):F270-8 [10662731] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001 Oct 9;98(21):12072-7 [11593017] Nature. 2003 Jan 30;421(6922):499-506 [12556884] Radiat Res. 2003 Apr;159(4):484-94 [12643793] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mc.22115 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Data integration reveals key homeostatic mechanisms following low dose radiation exposure. AN - 1676338720; 25655199 AB - The goal of this study was to define pathways regulated by low dose radiation to understand how biological systems respond to subtle perturbations in their environment and prioritize pathways for human health assessment. Using an in vitro 3-D human full thickness skin model, we have examined the temporal response of dermal and epidermal layers to 10 cGy X-ray using transcriptomic, proteomic, phosphoproteomic and metabolomic platforms. Bioinformatics analysis of each dataset independently revealed potential signaling mechanisms affected by low dose radiation, and integrating data shed additional insight into the mechanisms regulating low dose responses in human tissue. We examined direct interactions among datasets (top down approach) and defined several hubs as significant regulators, including transcription factors (YY1, MYC and CREB1), kinases (CDK2, PLK1) and a protease (MMP2). These data indicate a shift in response across time - with an increase in DNA repair, tissue remodeling and repression of cell proliferation acutely (24-72h). Pathway-based integration (bottom up approach) identified common molecular and pathway responses to low dose radiation, including oxidative stress, nitric oxide signaling and transcriptional regulation through the SP1 factor that would not have been identified by the individual data sets. Significant regulation of key downstream metabolites of nitrative stress was measured within these pathways. Among the features identified in our study, the regulation of MMP2 and SP1 was experimentally validated. Our results demonstrate the advantage of data integration to broadly define the pathways and networks that represent the mechanisms by which complex biological systems respond to perturbation. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Tilton, Susan C AU - Matzke, Melissa M AU - Sowa, Marianne B AU - Stenoien, David L AU - Weber, Thomas J AU - Morgan, William F AU - Waters, Katrina M AD - Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99338, USA. ; Health Impacts and Exposure Science, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99338, USA. ; Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99338, USA. ; Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99338, USA. Electronic address: katrina.waters@pnnl.gov. Y1 - 2015/05/15/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 May 15 SP - 1 EP - 11 VL - 285 IS - 1 KW - Phosphoproteins KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Skin KW - Oxidative stress KW - Ionizing radiation KW - Proteomics KW - Metabolomics KW - Genomics KW - Coculture Techniques KW - Protein Interaction Maps -- radiation effects KW - Humans KW - Gene Regulatory Networks -- radiation effects KW - Infant, Newborn KW - Homeostasis KW - Signal Transduction -- radiation effects KW - Oxidative Stress -- radiation effects KW - Gene Expression Regulation -- radiation effects KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Phosphoproteins -- metabolism KW - Keratinocytes -- radiation effects KW - Radiation Dosage KW - High-Throughput Screening Assays KW - Skin -- radiation effects KW - Fibroblasts -- pathology KW - Systems Biology -- methods KW - Skin -- metabolism KW - Skin -- pathology KW - Keratinocytes -- pathology KW - Keratinocytes -- metabolism KW - Fibroblasts -- radiation effects KW - Fibroblasts -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1676338720?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Data+integration+reveals+key+homeostatic+mechanisms+following+low+dose+radiation+exposure.&rft.au=Tilton%2C+Susan+C%3BMatzke%2C+Melissa+M%3BSowa%2C+Marianne+B%3BStenoien%2C+David+L%3BWeber%2C+Thomas+J%3BMorgan%2C+William+F%3BWaters%2C+Katrina+M&rft.aulast=Tilton&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=2015-05-15&rft.volume=285&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=1096-0333&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.taap.2015.01.019 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-07-03 N1 - Date created - 2015-04-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2015.01.019 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Sim-SEQ Project; comparison of selected flow models for the S-3 site AN - 1855317515; 2017-000380 AB - Sim-SEQ is an international initiative on model comparison for geologic carbon sequestration, with an objective to understand and, if possible, quantify model uncertainties. Model comparison efforts in Sim-SEQ are at present focusing on one specific field test site, hereafter referred to as the Sim-SEQ Study site (or S-3 site). Within Sim-SEQ, different modeling teams are developing conceptual models of CO (sub 2) injection at the S-3 site. In this paper, we select five flow models of the S-3 site and provide a qualitative comparison of their attributes and predictions. These models are based on five different simulators or modeling approaches: TOUGH2/EOS7C, STOMP-CO2e, MoReS, TOUGH2-MP/ECO2N, and VESA. In addition to model-to-model comparison, we perform a limited model-to-data comparison, and illustrate how model choices impact model predictions. We conclude the paper by making recommendations for model refinement that are likely to result in less uncertainty in model predictions. Copyright 2015 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht and 2014 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht (outside the USA) JF - Transport in Porous Media AU - Mukhopadhyay, Sumit AU - Doughty, Christine AU - Bacon, Diana AU - Li, Jun AU - Wei, Lingli AU - Yamamoto, Hajime AU - Gasda, Sarah AU - Hosseini, Seyyed A AU - Nicot, Jean-Philippe AU - Birkholzer, Jens T Y1 - 2015/05// PY - 2015 DA - May 2015 SP - 207 EP - 231 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 108 IS - 1 SN - 0169-3913, 0169-3913 KW - Sim-SEQ Project KW - models KW - fluid injection KW - carbon sequestration KW - site exploration KW - theoretical models KW - prediction KW - fluid flow KW - simulation KW - uncertainty KW - carbon dioxide KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1855317515?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.atitle=The+Sim-SEQ+Project%3B+comparison+of+selected+flow+models+for+the+S-3+site&rft.au=Mukhopadhyay%2C+Sumit%3BDoughty%2C+Christine%3BBacon%2C+Diana%3BLi%2C+Jun%3BWei%2C+Lingli%3BYamamoto%2C+Hajime%3BGasda%2C+Sarah%3BHosseini%2C+Seyyed+A%3BNicot%2C+Jean-Philippe%3BBirkholzer%2C+Jens+T&rft.aulast=Mukhopadhyay&rft.aufirst=Sumit&rft.date=2015-05-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=207&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.issn=01693913&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11242-014-0361-0 L2 - http://springerlink.metapress.com/(l4tqdq55jga2hgb0achos1qm)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100342,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2012 TOUGH symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - SuppNotes - Based on Publisher-supplied data N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; fluid flow; fluid injection; models; prediction; Sim-SEQ Project; simulation; site exploration; theoretical models; uncertainty DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11242-014-0361-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A global map of urban extent from nightlights AN - 1787958213; PQ0002929928 AB - Urbanization, a major driver of global change, profoundly impacts our physical and social world, for example, altering not just water and carbon cycling, biodiversity, and climate, but also demography, public health, and economy. Understanding these consequences for better scientific insights and effective decision-making unarguably requires accurate information on urban extent and its spatial distributions. We developed a method to map the urban extent from the defense meteorological satellite program/operational linescan system nighttime stable-light data at the global level and created a new global 1 km urban extent map for the year 2000. Our map shows that globally, urban is about 0.5% of total land area but ranges widely at the regional level, from 0.1% in Oceania to 2.3% in Europe. At the country level, urbanized land varies from about 0.01 to 10%, but is lower than 1% for most (70%) countries. Urbanization follows land mass distribution, as anticipated, with the highest concentration between 30[degrees] N and 45[degrees] N latitude and the largest longitudinal peak around 80[degrees] W. Based on a sensitivity analysis and comparison with other global urban area products, we found that our global product of urban areas provides a reliable estimate of global urban areas and offers the potential for producing a time-series of urban area maps for temporal dynamics analyses. JF - Environmental Research Letters AU - Zhou, Yuyu AU - Smith, Steven J AU - Zhao, Kaiguang AU - Imhoff, Marc AU - Thomson, Allison AU - Bond-Lamberty, Ben AU - Asrar, Ghassem R AU - Zhang, Xuesong AU - He, Chunyang AU - Elvidge, Christopher D AD - Joint Global Change Research Institute, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory College Park, MD 20740, USA, Yuyu.zhou@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2015/05// PY - 2015 DA - May 2015 PB - IOP Publishing, The Public Ledger Building, Suite 929 Philadelphia PA 19106 United States VL - 10 IS - 5 SN - 1748-9326, 1748-9326 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Spatial distribution KW - Urbanization KW - Climate KW - Remote sensing KW - Carbon cycle KW - Biological diversity KW - Time series analysis KW - Satellites KW - Public health KW - Demography KW - Sensitivity analysis KW - ANE, Europe KW - Economics KW - Oceania KW - Latitude KW - Meteorology KW - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1787958213?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=A+global+map+of+urban+extent+from+nightlights&rft.au=Zhou%2C+Yuyu%3BSmith%2C+Steven+J%3BZhao%2C+Kaiguang%3BImhoff%2C+Marc%3BThomson%2C+Allison%3BBond-Lamberty%2C+Ben%3BAsrar%2C+Ghassem+R%3BZhang%2C+Xuesong%3BHe%2C+Chunyang%3BElvidge%2C+Christopher+D&rft.aulast=Zhou&rft.aufirst=Yuyu&rft.date=2015-05-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.issn=17489326&rft_id=info:doi/10.1088%2F1748-9326%2F10%2F5%2F054011 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Urbanization; Spatial distribution; Climate; Carbon cycle; Remote sensing; Biological diversity; Time series analysis; Satellites; Public health; Demography; Sensitivity analysis; Economics; Latitude; Meteorology; ANE, Europe; Oceania DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/10/5/054011 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Improved representation of investment decisions in assessments of CO sub(2) mitigation AN - 1773828993; PQ0002695779 AB - Assessments of emissions mitigation patterns have largely ignored the huge variation in real-world factors-in particular, institutions-that affect where, how and at what costs firms deploy capital. We investigate one such factor-how national institutions affect investment risks and thus the cost of financing. We use an integrated assessment model (IAM; ref. ) to represent the variation in investment risks across technologies and regions in the electricity generation sector-a pivotally important sector in most assessments of climate change mitigation-and compute the impact on the magnitude and distribution of mitigation costs. This modified representation of investment risks has two major effects. First, achieving an emissions mitigation goal is more expensive than it would be in a world with uniform investment risks. Second, industrialized countries mitigate more, and developing countries mitigate less. Here, we introduce a new front in the research on how real-world factors influence climate mitigation. We also suggest that institutional reforms aimed at lowering investment risks could be an important element of cost-effective climate mitigation strategies. JF - Nature Climate Change AU - Iyer, Gokul C AU - Clarke, Leon E AU - Edmonds, James A AU - Flannery, Brian P AU - Hultman, Nathan E AU - McJeon, Haewon C AU - Victor, David G AD - 1] University of Maryland, School of Public Policy, 2101 Van Munching Hall, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA [2] Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Joint Global Change Research Institute, 5825 University Research Court, Suite 3500, College Park, Maryland 20740, USA Y1 - 2015/05// PY - 2015 DA - May 2015 SP - 436 EP - 440 PB - Nature Publishing Group, The Macmillan Building London N1 9XW United Kingdom VL - 5 IS - 5 SN - 1758-678X, 1758-678X KW - Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Mitigation KW - Investments KW - Climate models KW - Financing KW - Climate change KW - Fronts KW - Risk factors KW - Economics KW - Emissions KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Developing countries KW - Technology KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 20:Weather Modification & Geophysical Change UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1773828993?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Climate+Change&rft.atitle=Improved+representation+of+investment+decisions+in+assessments+of+CO+sub%282%29+mitigation&rft.au=Iyer%2C+Gokul+C%3BClarke%2C+Leon+E%3BEdmonds%2C+James+A%3BFlannery%2C+Brian+P%3BHultman%2C+Nathan+E%3BMcJeon%2C+Haewon+C%3BVictor%2C+David+G&rft.aulast=Iyer&rft.aufirst=Gokul&rft.date=2015-05-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=436&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+Climate+Change&rft.issn=1758678X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnclimate2553 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Climate models; Fronts; Climate change; Risk assessment; Mitigation; Investments; Financing; Risk factors; Economics; Emissions; Carbon dioxide; Developing countries; Technology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2553 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - CO (sub 2) storage and utilization AN - 1700098626; 2015-073922 JF - Interpretation (Tulsa) AU - Sullivan, Charlotte AU - Bonneville, Alain AU - Harbert, William AU - Gupta, Neeraj AU - Nieuwland, Dirk AU - Morris, Joseph Y1 - 2015/05// PY - 2015 DA - May 2015 SP - SM1 EP - SM55 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 3 IS - 2 SN - 2324-8858, 2324-8858 KW - utilization KW - carbon sequestration KW - gas storage KW - carbon dioxide KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1700098626?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.atitle=CO+%28sub+2%29+storage+and+utilization&rft.au=Sullivan%2C+Charlotte%3BBonneville%2C+Alain%3BHarbert%2C+William%3BGupta%2C+Neeraj%3BNieuwland%2C+Dirk%3BMorris%2C+Joseph&rft.aulast=Sullivan&rft.aufirst=Charlotte&rft.date=2015-05-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=SM1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.issn=23248858&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/inteio LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - SuppNotes - Individual papers are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; gas storage; utilization ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of a fracture zone using seismic attributes at the In Salah CO (sub 2) storage project AN - 1700098244; 2015-073925 AB - The In Salah carbon dioxide storage project in Algeria has injected more than 3 million tons of carbon dioxide into a water-filled tight-sand formation. During injection, interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) reveals a double-lobed pattern of up to a 20-mm surface uplift above the horizontal leg of an injection well. Interpretation of 3D seismic data reveals the presence of a subtle linear push-down feature located along the InSAR determined surface depression between the two lobes, which we interpreted to have to be caused by anomalously lower velocity from the fracture zone and the presence of CO (sub 2) displacing brine in this feature. To enhance the seismic interpretation, we calculated many poststack seismic attributes, including positive and negative curvatures as well as ant track, from the 3D seismic data. The maximum positive curvature attributes and ant track found the clearest linear features, with two parallel trends, which agreed well with the ant-track volume and the InSAR observations of the depression zone. The seismic attributes provided a plausible characterization of the fracture zone extent, including height, width, and length (80, 350, and 3500 m, respectively), providing important information for further study of fracture behavior due to the CO (sub 2) injection at In Salah. We interpreted the pattern of depression between two surface-deformation lobes as caused by the opening of a subvertical fracture or damage zone at depth above the injection interval, which allowed injected Co (sub 2) to migrate upward. Our analysis corroborated previous interpretation of surface uplift as due to the injection of CO (sub 2) in this well. JF - Interpretation (Tulsa) AU - Zhang, Rui AU - Vasco, Donald AU - Daley, Thomas M AU - Harbert, William AU - Sullivan, Charlotte AU - Bonneville, Alain AU - Gupta, Neeraj AU - Nieuwland, Dirk AU - Morris, Joseph Y1 - 2015/05// PY - 2015 DA - May 2015 SP - SM37 EP - SM46 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 3 IS - 2 SN - 2324-8858, 2324-8858 KW - geophysical surveys KW - North Africa KW - uplifts KW - characterization KW - gas storage KW - tight sands KW - observations KW - carbon dioxide KW - SAR KW - quantitative analysis KW - applications KW - interpretation KW - seismic attributes KW - seismic profiles KW - carbon sequestration KW - three-dimensional models KW - geophysical methods KW - radar methods KW - In Salah Algeria KW - deformation KW - seismic methods KW - fracture zones KW - surveys KW - Africa KW - geophysical profiles KW - InSAR KW - Algeria KW - permeability KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1700098244?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+a+fracture+zone+using+seismic+attributes+at+the+In+Salah+CO+%28sub+2%29+storage+project&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Rui%3BVasco%2C+Donald%3BDaley%2C+Thomas+M%3BHarbert%2C+William%3BSullivan%2C+Charlotte%3BBonneville%2C+Alain%3BGupta%2C+Neeraj%3BNieuwland%2C+Dirk%3BMorris%2C+Joseph&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Rui&rft.date=2015-05-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=SM37&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.issn=23248858&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2FINT-2014-0141.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/inteio LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. strat. col., sects., 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Africa; Algeria; applications; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; characterization; deformation; fracture zones; gas storage; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geophysical surveys; In Salah Algeria; InSAR; interpretation; North Africa; observations; permeability; quantitative analysis; radar methods; SAR; seismic attributes; seismic methods; seismic profiles; surveys; three-dimensional models; tight sands; uplifts DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/INT-2014-0141.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fitting top seal topography and CO (sub 2) layer thickness to time-lapse seismic amplitude maps at Sleipner AN - 1700098196; 2015-073926 AB - Injected CO (sub 2) at the Sleipner storage site is migrating into several thin layers. Using a tuning relationship, two different layer thicknesses can give the same reflection amplitude, and it is then not possible to go from amplitudes to CO (sub 2) layer thicknesses without further constraints. Exploiting spatial and time-lapse dependencies in the reflection amplitude maps makes it possible to resolve this ambiguity and create layer thickness maps when the CO (sub 2) flow is gravity dominated. The topography of the sealing cap rock was used as an optimization parameter. Tests were done on synthetic data and real data from the Sleipner CO (sub 2) injection. The resulting topography map for the Sleipner case deviated by 5.3 m on average from simple time-depth mapping, which is within the mapping uncertainty. Although the predictive power is limited, outputs of the method can be used to check if the flow matches a gravity-dominated model or if other flow mechanisms are needed to explain the observations. JF - Interpretation (Tulsa) AU - Kiaer, Anders Fredrik AU - Sullivan, Charlotte AU - Bonneville, Alain AU - Harbert, William AU - Gupta, Neeraj AU - Nieuwland, Dirk AU - Morris, Joseph Y1 - 2015/05// PY - 2015 DA - May 2015 SP - SM47 EP - SM55 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 3 IS - 2 SN - 2324-8858, 2324-8858 KW - geophysical surveys KW - natural gas KW - petroleum KW - mapping KW - gas storage KW - exploitation KW - elastic waves KW - oil and gas fields KW - observations KW - carbon dioxide KW - topography KW - thickness KW - Sleipner Field KW - seismic profiles KW - carbon sequestration KW - geophysical methods KW - equations KW - seismic methods KW - models KW - history KW - gas injection KW - surveys KW - geophysical profiles KW - North Sea KW - North Atlantic KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - amplitude KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1700098196?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.atitle=Fitting+top+seal+topography+and+CO+%28sub+2%29+layer+thickness+to+time-lapse+seismic+amplitude+maps+at+Sleipner&rft.au=Kiaer%2C+Anders+Fredrik%3BSullivan%2C+Charlotte%3BBonneville%2C+Alain%3BHarbert%2C+William%3BGupta%2C+Neeraj%3BNieuwland%2C+Dirk%3BMorris%2C+Joseph&rft.aulast=Kiaer&rft.aufirst=Anders&rft.date=2015-05-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=SM47&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.issn=23248858&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2FINT-2014-0127.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/inteio LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 12 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sect., sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - amplitude; Atlantic Ocean; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; elastic waves; equations; exploitation; gas injection; gas storage; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geophysical surveys; history; mapping; models; natural gas; North Atlantic; North Sea; observations; oil and gas fields; petroleum; seismic methods; seismic profiles; Sleipner Field; surveys; thickness; topography DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/INT-2014-0127.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Surface geochemical measurements applied to monitoring, verification, and accounting of leakage from sequestration projects AN - 1700098136; 2015-073923 AB - A detailed study of CO (sub 2) and CH (sub 4) surface fluxes, shallow soil gas composition, 10-m hole soil gas composition was made at Rangely, Colorado, Teapot Dome, Wyoming, USA, and the results of geochemical verification measurements at Weyburn, Saskatchewan, Canada. Summer and winter soil gas and gas flux measurements were made at Rangely, and winter only at Teapot Dome. The objectives were to determine if leakage of CO (sub 2) and/or CH (sub 4) could be detected in the overpressured Rangely and the underpressured Teapot Dome systems. At Weyburn, the objective was the determination of the presence or absence of an alleged leak. Seasonal surface CO (sub 2) fluxes at Rangely were similar at on-field locations and an off-field control area. Methane fluxes were much higher at on-field locations than in the control area, suggesting a reservoir source. Seasonal differences in CH (sub 4) fluxes suggested methanotrophic oxidation was occurring in the soils. Shallow soil gas concentration measurements of CO (sub 2) were similar at a 100-cm depth, on-field and in the control area. Methane soil gas concentrations were higher on-field than in the control area; summer and winter. These data were used to select locations with and without evidence for seepage allowing nested sampling up to a 10-m depth. More complex chemical and isotopic measurements were made in 10-m holes at Rangely and Teapot Dome. Methanotrophy was operational at the active Rangely and the passive Teapot Dome systems. A small methane leakage rate of 400-700 tonnes year (super -1) and CO (sub 2) of < 170 tonnes year (super -1) were determined at Rangely, and rates near zero at Teapot Dome. Inert gases, carbon-containing gases, as well as isotopic ratios supported the presence of pathways at geochemically anomalous locations at Teapot Dome. Measurements of soil gas and inert gas isotopes in shallow groundwater by other authors at Weyburn, Saskatchewan, found no evidence of leakage. JF - Interpretation (Tulsa) AU - Klusman, Ronald W AU - Sullivan, Charlotte AU - Bonneville, Alain AU - Harbert, William AU - Gupta, Neeraj AU - Nieuwland, Dirk AU - Morris, Joseph Y1 - 2015/05// PY - 2015 DA - May 2015 SP - SM1 EP - SM21 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 3 IS - 2 SN - 2324-8858, 2324-8858 KW - United States KW - oxygen KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - seepage KW - oil and gas fields KW - nitrogen KW - carbon dioxide KW - underpressure KW - Weyburn Field KW - geochemical anomalies KW - Rangely Colorado KW - geochemistry KW - Teapot Dome KW - monitoring KW - methane KW - carbon sequestration KW - alkanes KW - measurement KW - Wyoming KW - organic compounds KW - Canada KW - hydrocarbons KW - Western Canada KW - seasonal variations KW - greenhouse gases KW - Rio Blanco County Colorado KW - Colorado KW - soil gases KW - Saskatchewan KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1700098136?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.atitle=Surface+geochemical+measurements+applied+to+monitoring%2C+verification%2C+and+accounting+of+leakage+from+sequestration+projects&rft.au=Klusman%2C+Ronald+W%3BSullivan%2C+Charlotte%3BBonneville%2C+Alain%3BHarbert%2C+William%3BGupta%2C+Neeraj%3BNieuwland%2C+Dirk%3BMorris%2C+Joseph&rft.aulast=Klusman&rft.aufirst=Ronald&rft.date=2015-05-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=SM1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.issn=23248858&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2FINT-2014-0093.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/inteio LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 65 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; Canada; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; Colorado; geochemical anomalies; geochemistry; greenhouse gases; hydrocarbons; measurement; methane; monitoring; nitrogen; oil and gas fields; organic compounds; oxygen; Rangely Colorado; Rio Blanco County Colorado; Saskatchewan; seasonal variations; seepage; soil gases; Teapot Dome; underpressure; United States; Western Canada; Weyburn Field; Wyoming DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/INT-2014-0093.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rock-physics-based double-difference inversion for CO (sub 2) saturation and porosity at the Cranfield CO (sub 2) injection site AN - 1700097911; 2015-073924 AB - Large-scale subsurface injection of CO (sub 2) has the potential to reduce emissions of atmospheric CO (sub 2) and improve oil recovery. Studying the effects of injected CO (sub 2) on the elastic properties of the saturated reservoir rock can help to improve long-term monitoring effectiveness and accuracy at locations undergoing CO (sub 2) injection. We used two vintages of existing 3D surface seismic data and well logs to probabilistically invert for the CO (sub 2) saturation and porosity at the Cranfield reservoir using a double-difference approach. The first step of this work was to calibrate the rock-physics model to the well-log data. Next, the baseline and time-lapse seismic data sets were inverted for acoustic impedance CO (sub 2) using a high-resolution basis pursuit inversion technique. The reservoir porosity was derived statistically from the rock-physics model based on the CO (sub 2) estimates inverted from the baseline survey. The porosity estimates were used in the double-difference routine as the fixed initial model from which CO (sub 2) saturation was then estimated from the time-lapse CO (sub 2) data. Porosity was assumed to remain constant between survey vintages; therefore, the changes between the baseline and time-lapse CO (sub 2) data may be inverted for CO (sub 2) saturation from the injection activities using the calibrated rock-physics model. Comparisons of inverted and measured porosity from well logs indicated quite accurate results. Estimates of CO (sub 2) saturation found less accuracy than the porosity estimates. JF - Interpretation (Tulsa) AU - Carter, Russell W AU - Spikes, Kyle T AU - Sullivan, Charlotte AU - Bonneville, Alain AU - Harbert, William AU - Gupta, Neeraj AU - Nieuwland, Dirk AU - Morris, Joseph Y1 - 2015/05// PY - 2015 DA - May 2015 SP - SM23 EP - SM35 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 3 IS - 2 SN - 2324-8858, 2324-8858 KW - United States KW - Cretaceous KW - siliciclastics KW - petroleum KW - production KW - Upper Cretaceous KW - reservoir rocks KW - carbon dioxide KW - Adams County Mississippi KW - Cranfield Mississippi KW - Tuscaloosa Formation KW - North America KW - double-difference method KW - carbon sequestration KW - well logs KW - Mississippi KW - inverse problem KW - Gulf Coastal Plain KW - porosity KW - Mesozoic KW - models KW - history KW - gas injection KW - saturation KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1700097911?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.atitle=Rock-physics-based+double-difference+inversion+for+CO+%28sub+2%29+saturation+and+porosity+at+the+Cranfield+CO+%28sub+2%29+injection+site&rft.au=Carter%2C+Russell+W%3BSpikes%2C+Kyle+T%3BSullivan%2C+Charlotte%3BBonneville%2C+Alain%3BHarbert%2C+William%3BGupta%2C+Neeraj%3BNieuwland%2C+Dirk%3BMorris%2C+Joseph&rft.aulast=Carter&rft.aufirst=Russell&rft.date=2015-05-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=SM23&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.issn=23248858&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2FINT-2014-0123.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/inteio LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Adams County Mississippi; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; Cranfield Mississippi; Cretaceous; double-difference method; gas injection; Gulf Coastal Plain; history; inverse problem; Mesozoic; Mississippi; models; North America; petroleum; porosity; production; reservoir rocks; saturation; siliciclastics; Tuscaloosa Formation; United States; Upper Cretaceous; well logs DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/INT-2014-0123.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Global transformation and fate of SOA: Implications of low-volatility SOA and gas-phase fragmentation reactions AN - 1694976179; PQ0001664738 AB - Secondary organic aerosols (SOA) are large contributors to fine-particle loadings and radiative forcing but are often represented crudely in global models. We have implemented three new detailed SOA treatments within the Community Atmosphere Model version 5 (CAM5) that allow us to compare the semivolatile versus nonvolatile SOA treatments (based on some of the latest experimental findings) and to investigate the effects of gas-phase fragmentation reactions. The new treatments also track SOA from biomass burning and biofuel, fossil fuel, and biogenic sources. For semivolatile SOA treatments, fragmentation reactions decrease the simulated annual global SOA burden from 7.5 Tg to 1.8 Tg. For the nonvolatile SOA treatment with fragmentation, the burden is 3.1 Tg. Larger differences between nonvolatile and semivolatile SOA (up to a factor of 5) exist in areas of continental outflow over the oceans. According to comparisons with observations from global surface Aerosol Mass Spectrometer measurements and the U.S. Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments (IMPROVE) network measurements, the FragNVSOA treatment, which treats SOA as nonvolatile and includes gas-phase fragmentation reactions, agrees best at rural locations. Urban SOA is underpredicted, but this may be due to the coarse model resolution. All three revised treatments show much better agreement with aircraft measurements of organic aerosols (OA) over the North American Arctic and sub-Arctic in spring and summer, compared to the standard CAM5 formulation. This is mainly due to the oxidation of SOA precursor gases from biomass burning, not included in standard CAM5, and long-range transport of biomass burning OA at high altitudes. The revised model configurations that include fragmentation (both semivolatile and nonvolatile SOA) show much better agreement with MODerate resolution Imaging Spectrometers (MODIS) aerosol optical depth data over regions dominated by biomass burning during the summer compared to standard CAM5, and predict biomass burning and biofuel as the largest global source of OA, followed by biogenic and fossil fuel sources. The large contribution of biomass burning OA in the revised treatments is supported by these measurements, but the emissions and aging of SOA precursors and POA are uncertain, and need further investigation. The nonvolatile and semivolatile configurations with fragmentation predict the direct radiative forcing of SOA as -0.5Wm super(-2) and -0.26Wm super(-2) respectively, at top of the atmosphere, which are higher than previously estimated by most models, but in reasonable agreement with a recent constrained modeling study. This study highlights the importance of improving process-level representation of SOA in global models. Key Points * Fragmentation is an important sink of SOA * Biomass burning is the largest SOA source * SOA DRF is higher than most models JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres AU - Shrivastava, Manish AU - Easter, Richard C AU - Liu, Xiaohong AU - Zelenyuk, Alla AU - Singh, Balwinder AU - Zhang, Kai AU - Ma, Po-Lun AU - Chand, Duli AU - Ghan, Steven AU - Jimenez, Jose L AU - Zhang, Qi AU - Fast, Jerome AU - Rasch, Philip J AU - Tiitta, Petri AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA. Y1 - 2015/05// PY - 2015 DA - May 2015 SP - 4169 EP - 4195 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ United States VL - 120 IS - 9 SN - 2169-897X, 2169-897X KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Organic Loading KW - Aging KW - Sinks KW - Atmosphere KW - Radiative forcing KW - MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer) KW - Spectrometers KW - Modelling KW - North America KW - Aerosols KW - Atmospheric gases KW - Fossil fuels KW - Organic aerosols in atmosphere KW - Aircraft observations KW - Biomass KW - Environmental protection KW - Imaging techniques KW - PN, Arctic KW - Incineration KW - Satellite data KW - Long-range transport KW - Oxidation KW - Atmospheric forcing KW - Nature conservation KW - Standards KW - Optical depth of aerosols KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - SW 0810:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1694976179?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.atitle=Global+transformation+and+fate+of+SOA%3A+Implications+of+low-volatility+SOA+and+gas-phase+fragmentation+reactions&rft.au=Shrivastava%2C+Manish%3BEaster%2C+Richard+C%3BLiu%2C+Xiaohong%3BZelenyuk%2C+Alla%3BSingh%2C+Balwinder%3BZhang%2C+Kai%3BMa%2C+Po-Lun%3BChand%2C+Duli%3BGhan%2C+Steven%3BJimenez%2C+Jose+L%3BZhang%2C+Qi%3BFast%2C+Jerome%3BRasch%2C+Philip+J%3BTiitta%2C+Petri&rft.aulast=Shrivastava&rft.aufirst=Manish&rft.date=2015-05-01&rft.volume=120&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=4169&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.issn=2169897X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2014JD022563 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atmospheric gases; Aerosols; Fossil fuels; Aging; Atmospheric forcing; Nature conservation; Imaging techniques; Environmental protection; Modelling; Long-range transport; Satellite data; Radiative forcing; Organic aerosols in atmosphere; Aircraft observations; Oxidation; Optical depth of aerosols; MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer); Incineration; Organic Loading; Sinks; Standards; Biomass; Atmosphere; Spectrometers; PN, Arctic; North America DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014JD022563 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stimuli-responsive/rheoreversible hydraulic fracturing fluids as a greener alternative to support geothermal and fossil energy production AN - 1692377869; PQ0001569332 AB - Cost-effective yet safe creation of high-permeability reservoirs within deep bedrock is the primary challenge for the viability of enhanced geothermal systems (EGS) and unconventional oil/gas recovery. Although fracturing fluids are commonly used for oil/gas, standard fracturing methods are not developed or proven for EGS temperatures and pressures. Furthermore, the environmental impacts of currently used fracturing methods are only recently being determined. Widespread concerns about the environmental contamination have resulted in a number of regulations for fracturing fluids advocating for greener fracturing processes. To enable EGS feasibility and lessen environmental impact of reservoir stimulation, an environmentally benign, CO sub(2)-activated, rheoreversible fracturing fluid that enhances permeability through fracturing due to in situ volume expansion and gel formation is investigated herein. The chemical mechanism, stability, phase-change behavior, and rheology for a novel polyallylamine (PAA)-CO sub(2) fracturing fluid was characterized at EGS temperatures and pressures. Hydrogel is formed upon reaction with CO sub(2), and this process is reversible (via CO sub(2) depressurization or solubilizing with a diluted acid) allowing potential removal from the formation and recycling, decreasing environmental impact. Rock obtained from the Coso geothermal field was fractured in laboratory-scale experiments under various EGS temperatures and pressures at significantly (at least an order of magnitude) lower effective stress than standard fracturing fluids, and the fractures were characterized with imaging, permeability measurement, and flow modeling. Although additional work is required to further understand the fluid properties, potential and limitations, this novel fracturing fluid and process represent a potential alternative to conventional fracturing fluids to vastly reduce water usage and the environmental impact of fracturing practices and effectively make EGS production and unconventional oil/gas exploitation cost-effective and cleaner. JF - Green Chemistry AU - Jung, H B AU - Carroll, K C AU - Kabilan, S AU - Heldebrant, D J AU - Hoyt, D AU - Zhong, L AU - Varga, T AU - Stephens, S AU - Adams, L AU - Bonneville, A AU - Kuprat, A AU - Fernandez, CA AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Richland; WA 99352; USA Y1 - 2015/05// PY - 2015 DA - May 2015 SP - 2799 EP - 2812 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry, c/o Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Secaucus New Jersey 07096 2485 United States VL - 17 IS - 5 SN - 1463-9262, 1463-9262 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); METADEX (MD); Advanced Polymers Abstracts (EP); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Composites Industry Abstracts (ED); Engineered Materials Abstracts, Ceramics (EC); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Permeability KW - Geothermal KW - Computational fluid dynamics KW - Formations KW - Environmental impact KW - Fluids KW - Fluid flow KW - Hydraulic fracturing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692377869?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Green+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Stimuli-responsive%2Frheoreversible+hydraulic+fracturing+fluids+as+a+greener+alternative+to+support+geothermal+and+fossil+energy+production&rft.au=Jung%2C+H+B%3BCarroll%2C+K+C%3BKabilan%2C+S%3BHeldebrant%2C+D+J%3BHoyt%2C+D%3BZhong%2C+L%3BVarga%2C+T%3BStephens%2C+S%3BAdams%2C+L%3BBonneville%2C+A%3BKuprat%2C+A%3BFernandez%2C+CA&rft.aulast=Jung&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2015-05-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=2799&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Green+Chemistry&rft.issn=14639262&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc4gc01917b LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-07-01 N1 - Number of references - 52 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-08 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4gc01917b ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An experimental and ab initio study on the abiotic reduction of uranyl by ferrous iron AN - 1676589488; 2015-039841 AB - It is important to understand the mechanisms controlling the removal of uranyl from solution from an environmental standpoint, particularly whether soluble Fe(II) is capable of reducing soluble U(VI) to insoluble U(IV). Experiments were performed to shed light into discrepancies of recent studies about precipitation of U-containing solids without changing oxidation states versus precipitation/reduction reactions, especially with respect to the kinetics of these reactions. To understand the atomistic mechanisms, thermodynamics, and kinetics of these redox processes, ab initio electron transfer (ET) calculations, using Marcus theory, were applied to study the reduction of U(VI) (sub aq) to U(V) (sub aq) by Fe(II) (sub aq) (the first rate-limiting ET-step). Outer-sphere (OS) and inner-sphere (IS) Fe-U complexes were modeled to represent simple species within a homogeneous environment through which ET could occur. Experiments on the chemical reduction were performed by reacting 1 mM Fe(II) (sub aq) at pH 7.2 with high (i.e., 0.16 mM) and lower (i.e., 0.02 mM) concentrations of U(VI) (sub aq) . At higher U concentration, a rapid decrease in U(VI) (sub aq) was observed within the first hour of reaction. XRD and XPS analyses of the precipitates confirmed the presence of (meta)schoepite phases, where up to approximately 25% of the original U was reduced to U (super 4+) and/or U (super 5+) -containing phases. In contrast, at 0.02 mM U, the U(VI) (sub aq) concentration remained fairly constant for the first 3 h of reaction and only then began to decrease due to slower precipitation kinetics. XPS spectra confirm the partial chemical reduction U associated with the precipitate (up to approximately 30%). Thermodynamic calculations support that the reduction of U(VI) (sub aq) to U(IV) (sub aq) by Fe(II) (sub aq) is energetically unfavorable. The batch experiments in this study show U(VI) is removed from solution by precipitation and that transitioning to a heterogeneous system in turn enables the solid U phase to be partially reduced. Ab initio ET calculations revealed that OS ET is strongly kinetically inhibited in all cases modeled. OS ET as a concerted proton-coupled ET reaction (ferrimagnetic spin configuration) is thermodynamically favorable (-35 kJ/mol), but kinetically inhibited by concurrent proton-transfer (10 (super -) (super 19) s (super -) (super 1) ). OS ET as a sequential proton-coupled ET reaction is thermodynamically unfavorable (+102 kJ/mol) as well as kinetically inhibited, where ET is the rate-limiting step (10 (super -) (super 12) s (super -) (super 1) ). In contrast, the reduction of U(VI) (sub aq) to U(V) (sub aq) by Fe(II) (sub aq) as an IS ET reaction is both thermodynamically favorable (-16 kJ/mol) and kinetically rapid (10 (super 8) s (super -) (super 1) ); the IS ET rate is several orders of magnitude faster than the OS ET rate. Thus, reduction of U(VI) (sub aq) to U(V) (sub aq) by Fe(II) (sub aq) in a homogenous system could occur if an IS Fe-U complex can be achieved. However, the formation of IS Fe-U complexes in an homogeneous solution is predicted to be low; considerable thermodynamic and kinetic barriers exist to proceed from an OS ET reaction to an IS ET reaction, a process that needs to overcome dehydration of the first solvation shell (+96 kJ/mol) and hydrolysis of Fe(II) (sub aq) . The computational results complement and further substantiate experimental results where the reduction of U(VI) (sub aq) by Fe(II) (sub aq) does not occur. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Taylor, S D AU - Marcano, M C AU - Rosso, Kevin M AU - Becker, Udo Y1 - 2015/05/01/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 May 01 SP - 154 EP - 172 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 156 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - isotopes KW - data processing KW - mass spectra KW - iron KW - remediation KW - radioactive isotopes KW - chemical reactions KW - spectra KW - reduction KW - X-ray photoelectron spectra KW - thermodynamic properties KW - kinetics KW - Eh KW - experimental studies KW - pollutants KW - oxidation KW - uranyl ion KW - pollution KW - solubility KW - ferrous iron KW - ICP mass spectra KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - mathematical methods KW - Marcus theory KW - uranium KW - actinides KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1676589488?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=An+experimental+and+ab+initio+study+on+the+abiotic+reduction+of+uranyl+by+ferrous+iron&rft.au=Taylor%2C+S+D%3BMarcano%2C+M+C%3BRosso%2C+Kevin+M%3BBecker%2C+Udo&rft.aulast=Taylor&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2015-05-01&rft.volume=156&rft.issue=&rft.spage=154&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2015.01.021 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 53 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-30 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; chemical reactions; data processing; Eh; experimental studies; ferrous iron; ICP mass spectra; iron; isotopes; kinetics; Marcus theory; mass spectra; mathematical methods; metals; oxidation; pollutants; pollution; precipitation; radioactive isotopes; reduction; remediation; solubility; spectra; thermodynamic properties; uranium; uranyl ion; X-ray diffraction data; X-ray photoelectron spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2015.01.021 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of charge and surface ligand properties of nanoparticles on oxidative stress and gene expression within the gut of Daphnia magna. AN - 1673378140; 25734859 AB - Concern has been raised regarding the current and future release of engineered nanomaterials into aquatic environments from industry and other sources. However, not all nanomaterials may cause an environmental impact and identifying which nanomaterials may be of greatest concern has been difficult. It is thought that the surface groups of a functionalized nanoparticles (NPs) may play a significant role in determining their interactions with aquatic organisms, but the way in which surface properties of NPs impact their toxicity in whole organisms has been minimally explored. A major point of interaction of NPs with aquatic organisms is in the gastrointestinal tract as they ingest particulates from the water column or from the sediment. The main goal of this study was to use model gold NP (AuNPs) to evaluate the potential effects of the different surfaces groups on NPs on the gut of an aquatic model organism, Daphnia magna. In this study, we exposed daphnids to a range of AuNPs concentrations and assessed the impact of AuNP exposure in the daphnid gut by measuring reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and expression of genes associated with oxidative stress and general cellular stress: glutathione S-transferase (gst), catalase (cat), heat shock protein 70 (hsp70), and metallothionein1 (mt1). We found ROS formation and gene expression were impacted by both charge and the specific surface ligand used. We detected some degree of ROS production in all NP exposures, but positively charged AuNPs induced a greater ROS response. Similarly, we observed that, compared to controls, both positively charged AuNPs and only one negatively AuNP impacted expression of genes associated with cellular stress. Finally, ligand-AuNP exposures showed a different toxicity and gene expression profile than the ligand alone, indicating a NP specific effect. JF - Aquatic toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands) AU - Dominguez, Gustavo A AU - Lohse, Samuel E AU - Torelli, Marco D AU - Murphy, Catherine J AU - Hamers, Robert J AU - Orr, Galya AU - Klaper, Rebecca D AD - School of Freshwater Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 600 E. Greenfield Ave., Milwaukee, WI 53204, USA. ; Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, 600 S. Mathews Ave., Urbana, IL 61801, USA. ; Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Ave., Madison, WI 53706, USA. ; Environmental Molecular Sciences Lab, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 3335 Innovation Blvd., Richland, WA 99352, USA. ; School of Freshwater Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 600 E. Greenfield Ave., Milwaukee, WI 53204, USA. Electronic address: rklaper@uwm.edu. Y1 - 2015/05// PY - 2015 DA - May 2015 SP - 1 EP - 9 VL - 162 KW - Ligands KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Water KW - 059QF0KO0R KW - Gold KW - 7440-57-5 KW - Index Medicus KW - Gene expression KW - gst KW - ROS KW - Oxidative stress KW - Nanotoxicity KW - Static Electricity KW - Animals KW - Water -- metabolism KW - Female KW - Daphnia -- metabolism KW - Gene Expression -- drug effects KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- chemistry KW - Daphnia -- drug effects KW - Gold -- toxicity KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- toxicity KW - Digestive System -- metabolism KW - Daphnia -- genetics KW - Oxidative Stress -- genetics KW - Digestive System -- drug effects KW - Oxidative Stress -- drug effects KW - Nanoparticles -- adverse effects KW - Gold -- chemistry KW - Nanoparticles -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1673378140?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+toxicology+%28Amsterdam%2C+Netherlands%29&rft.atitle=Effects+of+charge+and+surface+ligand+properties+of+nanoparticles+on+oxidative+stress+and+gene+expression+within+the+gut+of+Daphnia+magna.&rft.au=Dominguez%2C+Gustavo+A%3BLohse%2C+Samuel+E%3BTorelli%2C+Marco+D%3BMurphy%2C+Catherine+J%3BHamers%2C+Robert+J%3BOrr%2C+Galya%3BKlaper%2C+Rebecca+D&rft.aulast=Dominguez&rft.aufirst=Gustavo&rft.date=2015-05-01&rft.volume=162&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+toxicology+%28Amsterdam%2C+Netherlands%29&rft.issn=1879-1514&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.aquatox.2015.02.015 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-12-03 N1 - Date created - 2015-04-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2015.02.015 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of crystallographic properties on the ice nucleation properties of volcanic ash particles AN - 1873351244; 2017-014864 AB - Specific chemical and physical properties of volcanic ash particles that could affect their ability to induce ice formation are poorly understood. In this study, the ice nucleating properties of size-selected volcanic ash and mineral dust particles in relation to their surface chemistry and crystalline structure at temperatures ranging from -30 to -38 degrees C were investigated in deposition mode. Ice nucleation efficiency of dust particles was higher compared to ash particles at all temperature and relative humidity conditions. Particle characterization analysis shows that surface elemental composition of ash and dust particles was similar; however, the structural properties of ash samples were different. Abstract Copyright (2015). American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Kulkarni, Gourihar AU - Nandasiri, Manjula AU - Zelenyuk, Alla AU - Beranek, Josef AU - Madaan, Nitesh AU - Devaraj, Arun AU - Shutthanandan, Vaithiyalingam AU - Thevuthasan, Suntharampillai AU - Varga, Tamas Y1 - 2015/04/28/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Apr 28 SP - 3048 EP - 3055 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 42 IS - 8 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - volcanic rocks KW - clastic sediments KW - igneous rocks KW - crystal structure KW - temperature KW - pyroclastics KW - physical properties KW - nucleation KW - volcanism KW - ice KW - dust KW - sediments KW - chemical properties KW - crystallization KW - volcanic ash KW - geochemistry KW - 01A:General mineralogy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1873351244?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Effects+of+crystallographic+properties+on+the+ice+nucleation+properties+of+volcanic+ash+particles&rft.au=Kulkarni%2C+Gourihar%3BNandasiri%2C+Manjula%3BZelenyuk%2C+Alla%3BBeranek%2C+Josef%3BMadaan%2C+Nitesh%3BDevaraj%2C+Arun%3BShutthanandan%2C+Vaithiyalingam%3BThevuthasan%2C+Suntharampillai%3BVarga%2C+Tamas&rft.aulast=Kulkarni&rft.aufirst=Gourihar&rft.date=2015-04-28&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=3048&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2015GL063270 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%291944-8007/issues LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2017-03-02 N1 - CODEN - GPRLAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical properties; clastic sediments; crystal structure; crystallization; dust; geochemistry; ice; igneous rocks; nucleation; physical properties; pyroclastics; sediments; temperature; volcanic ash; volcanic rocks; volcanism DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015GL063270 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of crystallographic properties on the ice nucleation properties of volcanic ash particles AN - 1832623009; 742165-61 AB - Specific chemical and physical properties of volcanic ash particles that could affect their ability to induce ice formation are poorly understood. In this study, the ice nucleating properties of size-selected volcanic ash and mineral dust particles in relation to their surface chemistry and crystalline structure at temperatures ranging from -30 to -38 degrees C were investigated in deposition mode. Ice nucleation efficiency of dust particles was higher compared to ash particles at all temperature and relative humidity conditions. Particle characterization analysis shows that surface elemental composition of ash and dust particles was similar; however, the structural properties of ash samples were different. Abstract Copyright (2015), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Kulkarni, Gourihar AU - Nandasiri, Manjula AU - Zelenyuk, Alla AU - Beranek, Josef AU - Madaan, Nitesh AU - Devaraj, Arun AU - Shutthanandan, Vaithiyalingam AU - Thevuthasan, Suntharampillai AU - Varga, Tamas Y1 - 2015/04/28/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Apr 28 SP - 3048 EP - 3055 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 42 IS - 8 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - areal geology KW - 13:Areal geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832623009?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Effects+of+crystallographic+properties+on+the+ice+nucleation+properties+of+volcanic+ash+particles&rft.au=Kulkarni%2C+Gourihar%3BNandasiri%2C+Manjula%3BZelenyuk%2C+Alla%3BBeranek%2C+Josef%3BMadaan%2C+Nitesh%3BDevaraj%2C+Arun%3BShutthanandan%2C+Vaithiyalingam%3BThevuthasan%2C+Suntharampillai%3BVarga%2C+Tamas&rft.aulast=Kulkarni&rft.aufirst=Gourihar&rft.date=2015-04-28&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=3048&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2015GL063270 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%291944-8007/issues LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - CODEN - GPRLAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - areal geology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015GL063270 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Proteogenomic and phosphoproteomic analysis of ovarian cancer T2 - 2015 American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting AN - 1669823173; 6339892 JF - 2015 American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting AU - Rodland, Karin Y1 - 2015/04/18/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Apr 18 KW - Ovarian cancer KW - Ovarian carcinoma KW - Ovaries UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1669823173?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2015+American+Association+for+Cancer+Research+Annual+Meeting&rft.atitle=Proteogenomic+and+phosphoproteomic+analysis+of+ovarian+cancer&rft.au=Rodland%2C+Karin&rft.aulast=Rodland&rft.aufirst=Karin&rft.date=2015-04-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2015+American+Association+for+Cancer+Research+Annual+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.abstractsonline.com/plan/start.aspx?mkey={19573A54-AE8F-4E00-9C23-BD6D62268424} LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-03-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-06 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estuarine response to river flow and sea-level rise under future climate change and human development AN - 1807504780; 2016-063930 AB - Understanding the response of river flow and estuarine hydrodynamics to climate change, land-use/land-cover change (LULC), and sea-level rise is essential to managing water resources and stress on living organisms under these changing conditions. This paper presents a modeling study using a watershed hydrology model and an estuarine hydrodynamic model, in a one-way coupling, to investigate the estuarine hydrodynamic response to sea-level rise and change in river flow due to the effect of future climate and LULC changes in the Snohomish River estuary, Washington, USA. A set of hydrodynamic variables, including salinity intrusion points, average water depth, and salinity of the inundated area, were used to quantify the estuarine response to river flow and sea-level rise. Model results suggest that salinity intrusion points in the Snohomish River estuary and the average salinity of the inundated areas are a nonlinear function of river flow, although the average water depth in the inundated area is approximately linear with river flow. Future climate changes will shift salinity intrusion points further upstream under low flow conditions and further downstream under high flow conditions. In contrast, under the future LULC change scenario, the salinity intrusion point will shift downstream under both low and high flow conditions, compared to present conditions. The model results also suggest that the average water depth in the inundated areas increases linearly with sea-level rise but at a slower rate, and the average salinity in the inundated areas increases linearly with sea-level rise; however, the response of salinity intrusion points in the river to sea-level rise is strongly nonlinear. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science AU - Yang, Zhaoqing AU - Wang, Taiping AU - Voisin, Nathalie AU - Copping, Andrea Y1 - 2015/04/05/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Apr 05 SP - 19 EP - 30 PB - Elsevier, London VL - 156 SN - 0272-7714, 0272-7714 KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - land cover KW - Washington KW - salt-water intrusion KW - numerical models KW - surface water KW - watersheds KW - salinity KW - climate change KW - Snohomish River KW - sea-level changes KW - Puget Sound KW - wetlands KW - streamflow KW - digital simulation KW - hydrodynamics KW - estuarine environment KW - land use KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807504780?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Estuarine%2C+Coastal+and+Shelf+Science&rft.atitle=Estuarine+response+to+river+flow+and+sea-level+rise+under+future+climate+change+and+human+development&rft.au=Yang%2C+Zhaoqing%3BWang%2C+Taiping%3BVoisin%2C+Nathalie%3BCopping%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=Zhaoqing&rft.date=2015-04-05&rft.volume=156&rft.issue=&rft.spage=19&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Estuarine%2C+Coastal+and+Shelf+Science&rft.issn=02727714&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ecss.2014.08.015 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/02727714 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - climate change; digital simulation; estuarine environment; hydrodynamics; hydrology; land cover; land use; numerical models; Puget Sound; salinity; salt-water intrusion; sea-level changes; Snohomish River; streamflow; surface water; United States; Washington; watersheds; wetlands DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2014.08.015 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Persistent cold air outbreaks over North America in a warming climate AN - 1787958360; PQ0002929893 AB - This study examines future changes of cold air outbreaks (CAOs) using a multi-model ensemble of global climate simulations from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 and high resolution regional climate simulations. Overall, climate models agree on a dip in CAO duration across North America, but the percentage change is consistently smaller from western Canada to the upper mid-western US with historically more frequent CAO. By decomposing the changes of the probability density function of daily surface temperature into changes due to mean warming and changes in standard deviation (std) and skewness/higher order moments, the contributions of each factor to CAO changes are quantified. Results show that CAO changes can be explained largely by the mean warming, but the decrease in temperature std contributes to about 20% reduction of CAO from Alaska to northeastern US and eastern Canada possibly due to the Arctic amplification and weakening of storm track. JF - Environmental Research Letters AU - Gao, Yang AU - Leung, L Ruby AU - Lu, Jian AU - Masato, Giacomo AD - Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA, Ruby.Leung@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2015/04// PY - 2015 DA - April 2015 PB - IOP Publishing, The Public Ledger Building, Suite 929 Philadelphia PA 19106 United States VL - 10 IS - 4 SN - 1748-9326, 1748-9326 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - PN, Arctic KW - Historical account KW - Climate KW - Temperature KW - Simulation KW - ANW, Canada KW - INE, USA, Alaska KW - Outbreaks KW - Polar environments KW - Storms KW - Sexually transmitted diseases KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1787958360?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Persistent+cold+air+outbreaks+over+North+America+in+a+warming+climate&rft.au=Gao%2C+Yang%3BLeung%2C+L+Ruby%3BLu%2C+Jian%3BMasato%2C+Giacomo&rft.aulast=Gao&rft.aufirst=Yang&rft.date=2015-04-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.issn=17489326&rft_id=info:doi/10.1088%2F1748-9326%2F10%2F4%2F044001 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Historical account; Climate; Temperature; Simulation; Outbreaks; Polar environments; Storms; Sexually transmitted diseases; PN, Arctic; INE, USA, Alaska; ANW, Canada DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/10/4/044001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Near-term acceleration in the rate of temperature change AN - 1773839613; PQ0002696720 AB - Anthropogenically driven climate changes, which are expected to impact human and natural systems, are often expressed in terms of global-mean temperature. The rate of climate change over multi-decadal scales is also important, with faster rates of change resulting in less time for human and natural systems to adapt. We find that present trends in greenhouse-gas and aerosol emissions are now moving the Earth system into a regime in terms of multi-decadal rates of change that are unprecedented for at least the past 1,000 years. The rate of global-mean temperature increase in the CMIP5 (ref. ) archive over 40-year periods increases to 0.25 plus or minus 0.05 degree C (1 sigma ) per decade by 2020, an average greater than peak rates of change during the previous one to two millennia. Regional rates of change in Europe, North America and the Arctic are higher than the global average. Research on the impacts of such near-term rates of change is urgently needed. JF - Nature Climate Change AU - Smith, Steven J AU - Edmonds, James AU - Hartin, Corinne A AU - Mundra, Anupriya AU - Calvin, Katherine AD - Joint Global Change Research Institute, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 5825 University Research Court, Suite 3500, College Park, Maryland 20740, USA Y1 - 2015/04// PY - 2015 DA - April 2015 SP - 333 EP - 336 PB - Nature Publishing Group, The Macmillan Building London N1 9XW United Kingdom VL - 5 IS - 4 SN - 1758-678X, 1758-678X KW - Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Temperature changes KW - North America KW - Aerosols KW - Climate KW - Climate change KW - Temperature KW - Anthropogenic factors KW - Polar environments KW - PN, Arctic KW - ANE, Europe KW - Emissions KW - Greenhouse gases KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 20:Weather Modification & Geophysical Change UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1773839613?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Climate+Change&rft.atitle=Near-term+acceleration+in+the+rate+of+temperature+change&rft.au=Smith%2C+Steven+J%3BEdmonds%2C+James%3BHartin%2C+Corinne+A%3BMundra%2C+Anupriya%3BCalvin%2C+Katherine&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2015-04-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=333&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+Climate+Change&rft.issn=1758678X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnclimate2552 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature changes; Climate change; Aerosols; Climate; Emissions; Anthropogenic factors; Temperature; Polar environments; Greenhouse gases; PN, Arctic; North America; ANE, Europe DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2552 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Delivery of vegetable oil suspensions in a shear thinning fluid for enhanced bioremediation AN - 1756505849; 2016-006714 AB - In situ anaerobic biological processes are widely applied for dechlorination of chlorinated solvents in groundwater. A wide range of organic substrates have been tested and applied to support the dechlorination processes. Vegetable oils are a promising type of substrate and have been shown to induce effective dechlorination, have limited geochemical impacts, and maintain good longevity. Because they are non-aqueous phase liquids, distribution of vegetable oils in the subsurface has typically been approached by creating emulsified oil solutions for injection into the aquifer. In this study, inexpensive waste vegetable oils were suspended in a shear-thinning xanthan gum solution as an alternative approach for delivery of vegetable oil to the subsurface. The stability, oil droplet size distribution, and rheological behavior of the oil suspensions that are created in the xanthan solutions were studied in batch experiments. The injectability of the suspensions and the oil distribution in a porous medium were evaluated in column tests. Numerical modeling of oil droplet transport and distribution in porous media was conducted to help interpret the column-test data. Batch studies showed that simple mixing of vegetable oil with xanthan solution produced stable suspensions of the oil as micron-size droplets. The mixture rheology retains shear-thinning properties that facilitate improved uniformity of substrate distribution in heterogeneous aquifers. Column tests demonstrated successful injection of the vegetable oil suspension into a porous medium. This study provides evidence that vegetable oil suspensions in xanthan gum solutions have favorable injection properties and are a potential substrate for in situ anaerobic bioremediation. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Zhong, L AU - Truex, M J AU - Kananizadeh, N AU - Li, Y AU - Lea, A S AU - Yan, X Y1 - 2015/04// PY - 2015 DA - April 2015 SP - 17 EP - 25 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 175-176 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - experimental studies KW - pressure KW - numerical models KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - biochemistry KW - injection KW - dehalogenation KW - pollution KW - suspended materials KW - fluid phase KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - solvents KW - liquid waste KW - dechlorination KW - mathematical methods KW - waste disposal KW - water pollution KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756505849?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Delivery+of+vegetable+oil+suspensions+in+a+shear+thinning+fluid+for+enhanced+bioremediation&rft.au=Zhong%2C+L%3BTruex%2C+M+J%3BKananizadeh%2C+N%3BLi%2C+Y%3BLea%2C+A+S%3BYan%2C+X&rft.aulast=Zhong&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2015-04-01&rft.volume=175-176&rft.issue=&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jconhyd.2015.02.001 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 68 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; biochemistry; bioremediation; dechlorination; dehalogenation; experimental studies; fluid phase; ground water; in situ; injection; liquid waste; mathematical methods; numerical models; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; pressure; remediation; solvents; suspended materials; waste disposal; water pollution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2015.02.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Efficacy of a solution-based approach for making sodalite waste forms for an oxide reduction salt utilized in the reprocessing of used uranium oxide fuel AN - 1732837568; PQ0001495059 AB - This paper describes the various approaches evaluated for making solution-derived sodalite with a LiClLi sub(2)O oxide reduction salt selected to dissolve used uranium oxide fuel so the uranium can be recovered and recycled. The approaches include modified sol-gel and solution-based synthesis processes. As-made products were mixed with 5 and 10 mass% of a Na sub(2)O-B sub(2)O sub(3)-SiO sub(2) glass binder and these, along with product without a binder, were heated using either a cold-press-and-sinter method or hot uniaxial pressing. The results demonstrate the limitation of sodalite yield due to the fast intermediate reactions between Na super(+) and Cl super(-) to form halite in solution and Li sub(2)O and SiO sub(2) to form lithium silicates (e.g., Li sub(2)SiO sub(3) or Li sub(2)Si sub(2)O sub(5)) in the calcined and sintered pellets. The results show that pellets can be made with high sodalite fractions in the crystalline product (~92 mass%) and low porosities using a solution-based approach and this LiCl-Li sub(2)O salt but that the incorporation of Li into the sodalite is low. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Riley, Brian J AU - Pierce, David A AU - Frank, Steven M AU - Matyas, Josef AU - Burns, Carolyn A AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, United States, brian.riley@pnnl.gov PY - 2015 SP - 313 EP - 322 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 459 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Salts KW - Uranium KW - Fuels KW - Porosity KW - Radioactive materials KW - Lithium KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1732837568?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Efficacy+of+a+solution-based+approach+for+making+sodalite+waste+forms+for+an+oxide+reduction+salt+utilized+in+the+reprocessing+of+used+uranium+oxide+fuel&rft.au=Riley%2C+Brian+J%3BPierce%2C+David+A%3BFrank%2C+Steven+M%3BMatyas%2C+Josef%3BBurns%2C+Carolyn+A&rft.aulast=Riley&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft.date=2015-04-01&rft.volume=459&rft.issue=&rft.spage=313&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2014.09.042 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 47 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Salts; Fuels; Uranium; Radioactive materials; Porosity; Lithium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.09.042 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of Callovo-Oxfordian clay rock on the dissolution rate of the SON68 simulated nuclear waste glass AN - 1732834037; PQ0001495056 AB - Long-term storage of high-level nuclear waste glass in France is expected to occur in an engineered barrier system (EBS) located in a subsurface Callovo-Oxfordian (COx) clay rock formation in the Paris Basin in northeastern France. Understanding the behavior of glass dissolution in the complex system is critical to be able to reliably model the performance of the glass in this complex environment. Experiments utilized a High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) pump to pass simulated Bure site COx pore water through a reaction cell containing SON68 placed between two COx claystone cores for durations up to 200 days. Silicon concentrations at the outlet were similar in all experiments, even the blank experiment with only the COx daystone (~4 mg/L at 25 [degrees]C and ~15 mg/L at 90 [degrees]C). Results from one experiment containing super(32)Si-doped SON68 also suggest that the movement of Si through the claystone is controlled by a chemically coupled transport with a Si retention factor, K sub(d), of 900 mL/g. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Neeway, James J AU - Abdelouas, Abdesselam AU - Ribet, Solange AU - El Mendili, Yassine AU - Schumacher, Stephan AU - Grambow, Bernd AD - SUBATECH, Unite Mixte de Recherche 6457, Ecole des Mines de Nantes, CNRS/IN2P3, Universite de Nantes, BP 20722, 44307 Nantes Cedex 3, France; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99354, USA, James.Neeway@pnnl.gov PY - 2015 SP - 291 EP - 300 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 459 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Pore water KW - Silicon KW - Clay KW - Radioactive wastes KW - Basins KW - Storage KW - ANE, France KW - France, Paris Basin KW - Behavior KW - Liquid chromatography KW - Radioactive materials KW - Pumps KW - ENA 19:Water Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1732834037?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Effect+of+Callovo-Oxfordian+clay+rock+on+the+dissolution+rate+of+the+SON68+simulated+nuclear+waste+glass&rft.au=Neeway%2C+James+J%3BAbdelouas%2C+Abdesselam%3BRibet%2C+Solange%3BEl+Mendili%2C+Yassine%3BSchumacher%2C+Stephan%3BGrambow%2C+Bernd&rft.aulast=Neeway&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2015-04-01&rft.volume=459&rft.issue=&rft.spage=291&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2015.01.054 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 60 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Storage; Pore water; Silicon; Clay; Behavior; Liquid chromatography; Radioactive materials; Radioactive wastes; Basins; Pumps; France, Paris Basin; ANE, France DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2015.01.054 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Design and performance of a high-flux electrospray ionization source for ion soft landing AN - 1685818202; PQ0001486735 AB - We report the design and evaluation of a new high-intensity electrospray ionization source for ion soft-landing experiments. The source incorporates a dual ion funnel, which enables operation with a higher gas load through an expanded diameter heated inlet into the additional first region of differential pumping. This capability allowed us to examine the effect of the inner diameter (ID) of the heated stainless steel inlet on the total ion current transmitted through the dual funnel interface and, more importantly, the mass-selected ion current delivered to the deposition target. The ion transmission of the dual funnel is similar to the transmission of the single funnel used in our previous soft landing studies. However, substantially higher ion currents were obtained using larger ID heated inlets and an orthogonal inlet geometry, in which the heated inlet was positioned perpendicular to the direction of ion propagation through the instrument. The highest ion currents were obtained using the orthogonal geometry and a 1.4 mm ID heated inlet. The corresponding stable deposition rate of similar to 1 mu g of mass-selected ions per day will facilitate future studies focused on the controlled deposition of complex molecules on substrates for studies in catalysis, energy storage, and self-assembly. JF - Analyst (Cambridge UK) AU - Gunaratne, KDon D AU - Prabhakaran, Venkateshkumar AU - Ibrahim, Yehia M AU - Norheim, Randolph V AU - Johnson, Grant E AU - Laskin, Julia AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Physical Sciences Division; P.O. Box 999; MSIN K8-88; Richland; Washington 99352; USA Y1 - 2015/04// PY - 2015 DA - Apr 2015 SP - 2957 EP - 2963 PB - The Royal Society of Chemistry, Thomas Graham House, Milton Road Cambridge CB4 0WF United Kingdom VL - 140 IS - 9 SN - 0003-2654, 0003-2654 KW - Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts (SO); METADEX (MD); Advanced Polymers Abstracts (EP); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Composites Industry Abstracts (ED); Engineered Materials Abstracts, Ceramics (EC) KW - Soft landing KW - Inlets KW - Self assembly KW - Ion currents KW - Deposition KW - Energy storage KW - Ionization KW - Funnels UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1685818202?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analyst+%28Cambridge+UK%29&rft.atitle=Design+and+performance+of+a+high-flux+electrospray+ionization+source+for+ion+soft+landing&rft.au=Gunaratne%2C+KDon+D%3BPrabhakaran%2C+Venkateshkumar%3BIbrahim%2C+Yehia+M%3BNorheim%2C+Randolph+V%3BJohnson%2C+Grant+E%3BLaskin%2C+Julia&rft.aulast=Gunaratne&rft.aufirst=KDon&rft.date=2015-04-01&rft.volume=140&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=2957&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analyst+%28Cambridge+UK%29&rft.issn=00032654&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc5an00220f LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-06-01 N1 - Number of references - 76 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-07 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5an00220f ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Patterns of Diurnal Marine Stratocumulus Cloud Fraction Variability* AN - 1680451149; PQ0001496247 AB - The spatial patterns of subtropical marine stratocumulus cloud fraction variability on diurnal time scales are examined using high-temporal-resolution cloud masks that are based on 30-min, 4 km 4 km geosynchronous infrared data for 2003-10. This dataset permits comparison of the characteristics of variability in low cloud fraction among the three subtropical marine stratocumulus regions in the northeastern (NE) Pacific, southeastern (SE) Pacific, and SE Atlantic Oceans. In all three regions, the largest diurnal cycles and earliest time of cloud breakup occur on the edges of the cloud field where cloud fractions are generally lower. The rate at which the cloud breaks up during the day is tied to the starting cloud fraction at dawn, which determines the amount of longwave cooling that is initially available to offset shortwave radiative fluxes during the day. The maximum rate of cloud breakup occurs near 1200 LT. Cloud fraction begins to increase by 1600 LT (before the sun sets) and reaches its maximum value just before dawn. The diurnal-cycle characteristics of the SE Pacific and SE Atlantic marine stratocumulus cloud decks are more similar to each other than to those in the NE Pacific. The NE Pacific cloud deck has a smaller-amplitude diurnal cycle, slower rates of cloud breakup during the day for a given cloud fraction at dawn, and a higher probability of cloud breakup overnight. JF - Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology AU - Burleyson, Casey D AU - Yuter, Sandra E AD - North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, and Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington Y1 - 2015/04// PY - 2015 DA - April 2015 SP - 847 EP - 866 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 United States VL - 54 IS - 4 SN - 1558-8424, 1558-8424 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Diurnal effects KW - Marine boundary layer KW - Cloud cover KW - Clouds KW - Cloud retrieval KW - Satellite observations KW - Variability KW - Marine stratocumulus KW - Cooling KW - Low clouds KW - A, Atlantic KW - INE, Pacific KW - Oceans KW - I, Pacific KW - Climatology KW - Permits KW - Interstellar clouds KW - Q2 09242:Observations and measurements at sea KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - M2 551.576:Clouds (551.576) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1680451149?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Applied+Meteorology+and+Climatology&rft.atitle=Patterns+of+Diurnal+Marine+Stratocumulus+Cloud+Fraction+Variability*&rft.au=Burleyson%2C+Casey+D%3BYuter%2C+Sandra+E&rft.aulast=Burleyson&rft.aufirst=Casey&rft.date=2015-04-01&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=847&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Applied+Meteorology+and+Climatology&rft.issn=15588424&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2FJAMC-D-14-0178.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-05-01 N1 - Number of references - 60 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Climatology; Clouds; Marine stratocumulus; Low clouds; Interstellar clouds; Variability; Oceans; Permits; Cooling; INE, Pacific; I, Pacific; A, Atlantic DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JAMC-D-14-0178.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating Global Streamflow Simulations by a Physically Based Routing Model Coupled with the Community Land Model AN - 1676355022; PQ0001432684 AB - Accurately simulating hydrological processes such as streamflow is important in land surface modeling because they can influence other land surface processes, such as carbon cycle dynamics, through various interaction pathways. This study aims to evaluate the global application of a recently developed Model for Scale Adaptive River Transport (MOSART) coupled with the Community Land Model, version 4 (CLM4). To support the global implementation of MOSART, a comprehensive global hydrography dataset has been derived at multiple resolutions from different sources. The simulated runoff fields are first evaluated against the composite runoff map from the Global Runoff Data Centre (GRDC). The simulated streamflow is then shown to reproduce reasonably well the observed daily and monthly streamflow at over 1600 of the world's major river stations in terms of annual, seasonal, and daily flow statistics. The impacts of model structure complexity are evaluated, and results show that the spatial and temporal variability of river velocity simulated by MOSART is necessary for capturing streamflow seasonality and annual maximum flood. Other sources of the simulation bias include uncertainties in the atmospheric forcing, as revealed by simulations driven by four different climate datasets, and human influences, based on a classification framework that quantifies the impact levels of large dams on the streamflow worldwide. JF - Journal of Hydrometeorology AU - Li, Hong-Yi AU - Leung, LRuby AU - Getirana, Augusto AU - Huang, Maoyi AU - Wu, Huan AU - Xu, Yubin AU - Guo, Jiali AU - Voisin, Nathalie AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington Y1 - 2015/04// PY - 2015 DA - April 2015 SP - 948 EP - 971 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 United States VL - 16 IS - 2 SN - 1525-755X, 1525-755X KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Water budget KW - Coupled models KW - Hydrologic models KW - Land surface model KW - Annual variations KW - Seasonal variability KW - Statistics KW - Information centres KW - Statistical analysis KW - Hydrologic Models KW - Hydrography KW - Classification KW - Dams KW - Dam Effects KW - Spatial variability KW - Modelling KW - Rivers KW - Maximum floods KW - Hydrologic analysis KW - Climate models KW - Climates KW - Carbon cycle KW - River discharge KW - Streamflow KW - Routing KW - Stream flow KW - Hydrometeorological research KW - Dam control KW - Numerical simulations KW - Atmospheric forcing KW - Flood variability KW - Runoff KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - Q2 09171:Dynamics of lakes and rivers KW - M2 556.16:Runoff (556.16) KW - SW 6010:Structures UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1676355022?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrometeorology&rft.atitle=Evaluating+Global+Streamflow+Simulations+by+a+Physically+Based+Routing+Model+Coupled+with+the+Community+Land+Model&rft.au=Li%2C+Hong-Yi%3BLeung%2C+LRuby%3BGetirana%2C+Augusto%3BHuang%2C+Maoyi%3BWu%2C+Huan%3BXu%2C+Yubin%3BGuo%2C+Jiali%3BVoisin%2C+Nathalie&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Hong-Yi&rft.date=2015-04-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=948&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrometeorology&rft.issn=1525755X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2FJHM-D-14-0079.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 48 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Classification; Hydrography; Dams; Information centres; Atmospheric forcing; River discharge; Runoff; Modelling; Stream flow; Maximum floods; Hydrometeorological research; Climate models; Dam control; Hydrologic analysis; Numerical simulations; Carbon cycle; Statistical analysis; Flood variability; Spatial variability; Rivers; Statistics; Hydrologic Models; Climates; Streamflow; Routing; Dam Effects DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JHM-D-14-0079.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Subdiurnal Stratocumulus Cloud Fraction Variability and Sensitivity to Precipitation* AN - 1676353407; PQ0001447569 AB - This paper presents an analysis of subtropical marine stratocumulus cloud fraction variability using a 30-min and 3 degree 3 degree cloud fraction dataset from 2003 to 2010. Each of the three subtropical marine stratocumulus regions has distinct diurnal characteristics, but the southeast (SE) Pacific and SE Atlantic are more similar to each other than to the northeast (NE) Pacific. The amplitude and season-to-season diurnal cycle variations are larger in the Southern Hemisphere regions than in the NE Pacific. Net overnight changes in cloud fraction on 3 degree 3 degree scales are either positive or neutral >77% of the time in the NE Pacific and >88% of the time in the SE Pacific and SE Atlantic. Cloud fraction often increases to 100% by dawn when cloud fraction at dusk is >30%. In the SE Pacific and SE Atlantic, a typical decrease in cloud area (median less than or equal to -5.7 10 super(5) km super(2)) during the day is equivalent to 25% or more of the annual-mean cloud deck area. Time series for 3 degree 3 degree areas where cloud fraction was greater than or equal to 90% sometime overnight and <60% at dawn, such as would result from nocturnal formation of pockets of open cells (POCs), only occur 1.5%, 1.6%, and 3.3% of the time in the SE Pacific, SE Atlantic, and NE Pacific, respectively. Comparison of cloud fraction changes to ship-based radar and satellite-derived precipitation intensity and area measurements shows a lack of sensitivity of cloud fraction to drizzle on time scales of 1-3 h and spatial scales of 100-300 km. JF - Journal of Climate AU - Burleyson, Casey D AU - Yuter, Sandra E AD - North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, and Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington Y1 - 2015/04// PY - 2015 DA - April 2015 SP - 2968 EP - 2985 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 United States VL - 28 IS - 8 SN - 0894-8755, 0894-8755 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Cloud cover KW - Clouds KW - Diurnal effects KW - Drizzle KW - Marine boundary layer KW - Stratiform clouds KW - Marine KW - Variability KW - Particulate organic carbon KW - Marine stratocumulus KW - Climates KW - Precipitation intensities KW - Precipitation KW - Time series analysis KW - IS, Pacific KW - A, Atlantic KW - Satellite data KW - INE, Pacific KW - Radar KW - I, Pacific KW - Ocean-atmosphere system KW - Precipitation Intensity KW - Q2 09393:Remote geosensing KW - SW 0810:General KW - M2 556.12:Precipitation (556.12) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1676353407?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Climate&rft.atitle=Subdiurnal+Stratocumulus+Cloud+Fraction+Variability+and+Sensitivity+to+Precipitation*&rft.au=Burleyson%2C+Casey+D%3BYuter%2C+Sandra+E&rft.aulast=Burleyson&rft.aufirst=Casey&rft.date=2015-04-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=2968&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Climate&rft.issn=08948755&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2FJCLI-D-14-00648.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 66 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Particulate organic carbon; Ocean-atmosphere system; Clouds; Satellite data; Marine stratocumulus; Drizzle; Radar; Precipitation; Precipitation intensities; Time series analysis; Variability; Climates; Precipitation Intensity; INE, Pacific; I, Pacific; IS, Pacific; A, Atlantic; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00648.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Uncertainty quantification for the reliability of the analytical analysis for the simplified model of CO sub(2) geological sequestration AN - 1676347220; PQ0001433026 AB - A hydromechanical model with analytical solutions including pressure evolution and geomechanical deformation for geological CO sub(2) injection and sequestration were introduced in our previous work. However, the reliability and accuracy of the hydromechanical model and the companion analytical solution are uncertain because of the assumptions and simplifications in the analytical model, though it was validated by a few example cases. This study introduces a method to efficiently measure the accuracy of the analytical model and specify the range of acceptable input parameters that can guarantee the accuracy and reliability of the analytical solution. A coupled hydro-geomechanical subsurface transport simulator, Subsurface Transport over Multiple Phases (STOMP), was adopted as a reference to justify the reliability of the hydromechanical model and the analytical solution. A quasi-Monte Carlo sampling method was applied to efficiently sample the input parameter space. JF - Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology AU - Bao, Jie AU - Xu, Zhijie AU - Fang, Yilin AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA. Y1 - 2015/04// PY - 2015 DA - Apr 2015 SP - 141 EP - 151 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD United Kingdom VL - 5 IS - 2 SN - 2152-3878, 2152-3878 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Geology KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Analytical models KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Science and technology KW - Sampling methods KW - Deformation KW - ENA 20:Weather Modification & Geophysical Change KW - M2 551.510.3/.4:Physical Properties/Composition (551.510.3/.4) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1676347220?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Greenhouse+Gases%3A+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Uncertainty+quantification+for+the+reliability+of+the+analytical+analysis+for+the+simplified+model+of+CO+sub%282%29+geological+sequestration&rft.au=Bao%2C+Jie%3BXu%2C+Zhijie%3BFang%2C+Yilin&rft.aulast=Bao&rft.aufirst=Jie&rft.date=2015-04-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=141&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Greenhouse+Gases%3A+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=21523878&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fghg.1436 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Greenhouse gases; Analytical models; Science and technology; Geology; Carbon dioxide; Sampling methods; Deformation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ghg.1436 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Investigating the nexus of climate, energy, water, and land at decision-relevant scales: the Platform for Regional Integrated Modeling and Analysis (PRIMA) AN - 1673396467; PQ0001354472 AB - The Platform for Regional Integrated Modeling and Analysis (PRIMA) is an innovative modeling system developed at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) to simulate interactions among natural and human systems at scales relevant to regional decision making. PRIMA brings together state-of-the-art models of regional climate, hydrology, agriculture and land use, socioeconomics, and energy systems using a flexible coupling approach. Stakeholder decision support needs underpin the application of the platform to regional issues, and an uncertainty characterization process is used to identify robust decisions. The platform can be customized to inform a variety of complex questions, such as how a policy in one sector might affect the ability to meet climate mitigation targets or adaptation goals in another sector. Current numerical experiments focus on the eastern United States, but the framework is designed to be regionally flexible. This paper provides a high-level overview of PRIMA's functional capabilities and describes some key challenges and opportunities associated with integrated regional modeling. JF - Climatic Change AU - Kraucunas, Ian AU - Clarke, Leon AU - Dirks, James AU - Hathaway, John AU - Hejazi, Mohamad AU - Hibbard, Kathy AU - Huang, Maoyi AU - Jin, Chunlian AU - Kintner-Meyer, Michael AU - Dam, Kerstin Kleese AU - Leung, Ruby AU - Li, Hong-Yi AU - Moss, Richard AU - Peterson, Marty AU - Rice, Jennie AU - Scott, Michael AU - Thomson, Allison AU - Voisin, Nathalie AU - West, Tristram AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA, ian.kraucunas@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2015/04// PY - 2015 DA - April 2015 SP - 573 EP - 588 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 129 IS - 3-4 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Land Use KW - Agriculture KW - Stakeholders KW - Resource management KW - Climate change KW - Socioeconomics KW - Regional climates KW - Decision Making KW - INE, USA, Pacific Northwest KW - Hydrologic Models KW - Adaptation KW - Hydrology KW - Innovations KW - Modelling KW - Policies KW - Climate models KW - Adaptations KW - USA, Pacific Northwest KW - Laboratories KW - Decision support systems KW - Climates KW - Climate KW - Public policy and climate KW - Numerical experiments KW - Land use KW - Decision making KW - Adaptability KW - Regional-scale models KW - Energy KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - SW 0810:General KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - M2 551.5:General (551.5) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1673396467?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=Investigating+the+nexus+of+climate%2C+energy%2C+water%2C+and+land+at+decision-relevant+scales%3A+the+Platform+for+Regional+Integrated+Modeling+and+Analysis+%28PRIMA%29&rft.au=Kraucunas%2C+Ian%3BClarke%2C+Leon%3BDirks%2C+James%3BHathaway%2C+John%3BHejazi%2C+Mohamad%3BHibbard%2C+Kathy%3BHuang%2C+Maoyi%3BJin%2C+Chunlian%3BKintner-Meyer%2C+Michael%3BDam%2C+Kerstin+Kleese%3BLeung%2C+Ruby%3BLi%2C+Hong-Yi%3BMoss%2C+Richard%3BPeterson%2C+Marty%3BRice%2C+Jennie%3BScott%2C+Michael%3BThomson%2C+Allison%3BVoisin%2C+Nathalie%3BWest%2C+Tristram&rft.aulast=Kraucunas&rft.aufirst=Ian&rft.date=2015-04-01&rft.volume=129&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=573&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10584-014-1064-9 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Resource management; Policies; Adaptations; Climate change; Hydrology; Land use; Modelling; Agriculture; Climate models; Regional-scale models; Public policy and climate; Numerical experiments; Regional climates; Decision making; Stakeholders; Adaptability; Decision support systems; Energy; Climate; Socioeconomics; Innovations; Land Use; Hydrologic Models; Laboratories; Climates; Adaptation; Decision Making; USA, Pacific Northwest; INE, USA, Pacific Northwest DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-014-1064-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Resolution and Dynamical Core Dependence of Atmospheric River Frequency in Global Model Simulations AN - 1673393754; PQ0001344566 AB - This study examines the sensitivity of atmospheric river (AR) frequency simulated by a global model with different grid resolutions and dynamical cores. Analysis is performed on aquaplanet simulations using version 4 of the Community Atmosphere Model (CAM4) at 240-, 120-, 60-, and 30-km model resolutions, each with the Model for Prediction Across Scales (MPAS) and High-Order Methods Modeling Environment (HOMME) dynamical cores. The frequency of AR events decreases with model resolution and the HOMME dynamical core produces more AR events than MPAS. Comparing the frequencies determined using absolute and percentile thresholds of large-scale conditions used to define an AR, model sensitivity is found to be related to the overall sensitivity of subtropical westerlies, atmospheric precipitable water content and profile, and to a lesser extent extratropical Rossby wave activity to model resolution and dynamical core. Real-world simulations using MPAS at 120- and 30-km grid resolutions also exhibit a decrease of AR frequency with increasing resolution over the southern east Pacific, but the difference is smaller over the northern east Pacific. This interhemispheric difference is related to the enhancement of convection in the tropics with increased resolution. This anomalous convection sets off Rossby wave patterns that weaken the subtropical westerlies over the southern east Pacific but has relatively little effect on those over the northern east Pacific. In comparison to the NCEP-2 reanalysis, MPAS real-world simulations are found to underestimate AR frequencies at both resolutions likely because of their climatologically drier subtropics and poleward-shifted jets. This study highlights the important links between model climatology of large-scale conditions and extremes. JF - Journal of Climate AU - Hagos, Samson AU - Leung, LRuby AU - Yang, Qing AU - Zhao, Chun AU - Lu, Jian AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington Y1 - 2015/04// PY - 2015 DA - April 2015 SP - 2764 EP - 2776 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 United States VL - 28 IS - 7 SN - 0894-8755, 0894-8755 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Atmospheric circulation KW - Hydrologic cycle KW - Large-scale motions KW - General circulation models KW - Model errors KW - Model evaluation/performance KW - Prediction KW - Rossby waves KW - Convection KW - Jets KW - Westerlies KW - Convection development KW - Freshwater KW - IE, East Pacific KW - Data reanalysis KW - Model sensitivity KW - Cores KW - Ocean-atmosphere system KW - Waves KW - Climatology KW - Rivers KW - Marine KW - Climate models KW - Planetary waves KW - Climates KW - Climate KW - Simulation KW - Model Studies KW - Numerical simulations KW - Precipitable water KW - Marine parks KW - Q2 09242:Observations and measurements at sea KW - SW 0810:General KW - M2 551.58:Climatology (551.58) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1673393754?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Climate&rft.atitle=Resolution+and+Dynamical+Core+Dependence+of+Atmospheric+River+Frequency+in+Global+Model+Simulations&rft.au=Hagos%2C+Samson%3BLeung%2C+LRuby%3BYang%2C+Qing%3BZhao%2C+Chun%3BLu%2C+Jian&rft.aulast=Hagos&rft.aufirst=Samson&rft.date=2015-04-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=2764&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Climate&rft.issn=08948755&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2FJCLI-D-14-00567.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 39 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Convection; Planetary waves; Climate; Westerlies; Ocean-atmosphere system; Marine parks; Simulation; Climatology; Rossby waves; Model sensitivity; Climate models; Numerical simulations; Precipitable water; Convection development; Data reanalysis; Prediction; Cores; Jets; Climates; Waves; Model Studies; IE, East Pacific; Marine; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00567.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of CT-derived ventilation maps with deposition patterns of inhaled microspheres in rats. AN - 1666726024; 25513951 AB - PURPOSEComputer models for inhalation toxicology and drug-aerosol delivery studies rely on ventilation pattern inputs for predictions of particle deposition and vapor uptake. However, changes in lung mechanics due to disease can impact airflow dynamics and model results. It has been demonstrated that non-invasive, in vivo, 4DCT imaging (3D imaging at multiple time points in the breathing cycle) can be used to map heterogeneities in ventilation patterns under healthy and disease conditions. The purpose of this study was to validate ventilation patterns measured from CT imaging by exposing the same rats to an aerosol of fluorescent microspheres (FMS) and examining particle deposition patterns using cryomicrotome imaging.MATERIALS AND METHODSSix male Sprague-Dawley rats were intratracheally instilled with elastase to a single lobe to induce a heterogeneous disease. After four weeks, rats were imaged over the breathing cycle by CT then immediately exposed to an aerosol of ∼ 1 μm FMS for ∼ 5 minutes. After the exposure, the lungs were excised and prepared for cryomicrotome imaging, where a 3D image of FMS deposition was acquired using serial sectioning. Cryomicrotome images were spatially registered to match the live CT images to facilitate direct quantitative comparisons of FMS signal intensity with the CT-based ventilation maps.RESULTSComparisons of fractional ventilation in contiguous, non-overlapping, 3D regions between CT-based ventilation maps and FMS images showed strong correlations in fractional ventilation (r = 0.888, p < 0.0001).CONCLUSIONWe conclude that ventilation maps derived from CT imaging are predictive of the 1 μm aerosol deposition used in ventilation-perfusion heterogeneity inhalation studies. JF - Experimental lung research AU - Jacob, Richard E AU - Lamm, Wayne J AU - Einstein, Daniel R AU - Krueger, Melissa A AU - Glenny, Robb W AU - Corley, Richard A AD - 1Health Impacts and Exposure Science, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA. Y1 - 2015/04// PY - 2015 DA - April 2015 SP - 135 EP - 145 VL - 41 IS - 3 KW - Aerosols KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - ventilation KW - lung KW - CT imaging KW - particle deposition KW - animal models KW - fluorescent microspheres KW - Tomography, X-Ray Computed -- methods KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Respiration KW - Imaging, Three-Dimensional -- methods KW - Administration, Inhalation KW - Microspheres KW - Male KW - Pulmonary Ventilation -- physiology KW - Lung -- diagnostic imaging KW - Lung -- metabolism KW - Aerosols -- metabolism KW - Lung -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1666726024?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Experimental+lung+research&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+CT-derived+ventilation+maps+with+deposition+patterns+of+inhaled+microspheres+in+rats.&rft.au=Jacob%2C+Richard+E%3BLamm%2C+Wayne+J%3BEinstein%2C+Daniel+R%3BKrueger%2C+Melissa+A%3BGlenny%2C+Robb+W%3BCorley%2C+Richard+A&rft.aulast=Jacob&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2015-04-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=135&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Experimental+lung+research&rft.issn=1521-0499&rft_id=info:doi/10.3109%2F01902148.2014.984085 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-12-07 N1 - Date created - 2015-03-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: PLoS One. 2011;6(11):e27577 [22087338] Eur J Radiol. 2005 Jun;54(3):352-8 [15899335] Med Image Anal. 2008 Feb;12(1):26-41 [17659998] Acad Radiol. 2013 Oct;20(10):1264-71 [24029058] BMC Med Imaging. 2014;14:1 [24393332] PLoS One. 2013;8(6):e65874 [23799057] Neuroimage. 2011 Feb 1;54(3):2033-44 [20851191] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/01902148.2014.984085 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The fertilizing role of African dust in the Amazon rainforest; a first multiyear assessment based on data from cloud-aerosol lidar and infrared pathfinder satellite observations AN - 1703691089; 2015-078644 AB - The productivity of the Amazon rainforest is constrained by the availability of nutrients, in particular phosphorus (P). Deposition of long-range transported African dust is recognized as a potentially important but poorly quantified source of phosphorus. This study provides a first multiyear satellite-based estimate of dust deposition into the Amazon Basin using three-dimensional (3-D) aerosol measurements over 2007-2013 from the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP). The 7 year average of dust deposition into the Amazon Basin is estimated to be 28 (8-48) Tg a (super -1) or 29 (8-50) kg ha (super -1) a (super -1) . The dust deposition shows significant interannual variation that is negatively correlated with the prior-year rainfall in the Sahel. The CALIOP-based multiyear mean estimate of dust deposition matches better with estimates from in situ measurements and model simulations than a previous satellite-based estimate does. The closer agreement benefits from a more realistic geographic definition of the Amazon Basin and inclusion of meridional dust transport calculation in addition to the 3-D nature of CALIOP aerosol measurements. The imported dust could provide about 0.022 (0.006-0.037) Tg P of phosphorus per year, equivalent to 23 (7-39) g P ha (super -1) a (super -1) to fertilize the Amazon rainforest. This out-of-basin phosphorus input is comparable to the hydrological loss of phosphorus from the basin, suggesting an important role of African dust in preventing phosphorus depletion on timescales of decades to centuries. Abstract Copyright (2015), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Yu, Hongbin AU - Chin, Mian AU - Yuan, Tianle AU - Bian, Huisheng AU - Remer, Lorraine A AU - Prospero, Joseph M AU - Omar, Ali AU - Winker, David AU - Yang, Yuekui AU - Zhang, Yan AU - Zhang, Zhibo AU - Zhao, Chun Y1 - 2015/03/28/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Mar 28 SP - 1984 EP - 1991 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 42 IS - 6 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - laser methods KW - geophysical surveys KW - environmental effects KW - infrared methods KW - transport KW - sediments KW - ecology KW - productivity KW - sediment transport KW - clastic sediments KW - geophysical methods KW - satellite methods KW - nutrients KW - provenance KW - South America KW - lidar methods KW - atmospheric transport KW - dust KW - surveys KW - Africa KW - aerosols KW - wind transport KW - Amazon Basin KW - remote sensing KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1703691089?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=The+fertilizing+role+of+African+dust+in+the+Amazon+rainforest%3B+a+first+multiyear+assessment+based+on+data+from+cloud-aerosol+lidar+and+infrared+pathfinder+satellite+observations&rft.au=Yu%2C+Hongbin%3BChin%2C+Mian%3BYuan%2C+Tianle%3BBian%2C+Huisheng%3BRemer%2C+Lorraine+A%3BProspero%2C+Joseph+M%3BOmar%2C+Ali%3BWinker%2C+David%3BYang%2C+Yuekui%3BZhang%2C+Yan%3BZhang%2C+Zhibo%3BZhao%2C+Chun&rft.aulast=Yu&rft.aufirst=Hongbin&rft.date=2015-03-28&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1984&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2015GL063040 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%291944-8007/issues LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-13 N1 - CODEN - GPRLAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerosols; Africa; Amazon Basin; atmospheric transport; clastic sediments; dust; ecology; environmental effects; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; infrared methods; laser methods; lidar methods; nutrients; productivity; provenance; remote sensing; satellite methods; sediment transport; sediments; South America; surveys; transport; wind transport DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015GL063040 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Astatine-211 conjugated to an anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody eradicates disseminated B-cell lymphoma in a mouse model. AN - 1667350091; 25628467 AB - α-Emitting radionuclides deposit a large amount of energy within a few cell diameters and may be particularly effective for radioimmunotherapy targeting minimal residual disease (MRD). To evaluate this hypothesis, (211)At-labeled 1F5 monoclonal antibody (mAb) (anti-CD20) was studied in both bulky lymphoma tumor xenograft and MRD animal models. Superior treatment responses to (211)At-labeled 1F5 mAb were evident in the MRD setting. Lymphoma xenograft tumor-bearing animals treated with doses of up to 48 µCi of (211)At-labeled anti-CD20 mAb ([(211)At]1F5-B10) experienced modest responses (0% cures but two- to threefold prolongation of survival compared with negative controls). In contrast, 70% of animals in the MRD lymphoma model demonstrated complete eradication of disease when treated with (211)At-B10-1F5 at a radiation dose that was less than one-third (15 µCi) of the highest dose given to xenograft animals. Tumor progression among untreated control animals in both models was uniformly lethal. After 130 days, no significant renal or hepatic toxicity was observed in the cured animals receiving 15 µCi of [(211)At]1F5-B10. These findings suggest that α-emitters are highly efficacious in MRD settings, where isolated cells and small tumor clusters prevail. JF - Blood AU - Green, Damian J AU - Shadman, Mazyar AU - Jones, Jon C AU - Frayo, Shani L AU - Kenoyer, Aimee L AU - Hylarides, Mark D AU - Hamlin, Donald K AU - Wilbur, D Scott AU - Balkan, Ethan R AU - Lin, Yukang AU - Miller, Brian W AU - Frost, Sofia H L AU - Gopal, Ajay K AU - Orozco, Johnnie J AU - Gooley, Theodore A AU - Laird, Kelly L AU - Till, Brian G AU - Bäck, Tom AU - Sandmaier, Brenda M AU - Pagel, John M AU - Press, Oliver W AD - Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Departments of Medicine and. ; Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; ; Radiation Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; ; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA; and. ; Department of Radiation Physics, University of Gothenberg, Gothenberg, Sweden. Y1 - 2015/03/26/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Mar 26 SP - 2111 EP - 2119 VL - 125 IS - 13 KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal KW - 0 KW - Antigens, CD20 KW - Immunoconjugates KW - Astatine KW - XI595HAL7H KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Radioimmunotherapy KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured KW - Mice, Inbred NOD KW - Humans KW - Jurkat Cells KW - Treatment Outcome KW - Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays KW - Mice, Nude KW - Mice KW - Mice, SCID KW - Mice, Inbred BALB C KW - Female KW - Lymphoma, B-Cell -- pathology KW - Lymphoma, B-Cell -- radiotherapy KW - Immunoconjugates -- therapeutic use KW - Astatine -- therapeutic use KW - Antigens, CD20 -- immunology KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal -- therapeutic use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1667350091?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Blood&rft.atitle=Astatine-211+conjugated+to+an+anti-CD20+monoclonal+antibody+eradicates+disseminated+B-cell+lymphoma+in+a+mouse+model.&rft.au=Green%2C+Damian+J%3BShadman%2C+Mazyar%3BJones%2C+Jon+C%3BFrayo%2C+Shani+L%3BKenoyer%2C+Aimee+L%3BHylarides%2C+Mark+D%3BHamlin%2C+Donald+K%3BWilbur%2C+D+Scott%3BBalkan%2C+Ethan+R%3BLin%2C+Yukang%3BMiller%2C+Brian+W%3BFrost%2C+Sofia+H+L%3BGopal%2C+Ajay+K%3BOrozco%2C+Johnnie+J%3BGooley%2C+Theodore+A%3BLaird%2C+Kelly+L%3BTill%2C+Brian+G%3BB%C3%A4ck%2C+Tom%3BSandmaier%2C+Brenda+M%3BPagel%2C+John+M%3BPress%2C+Oliver+W&rft.aulast=Green&rft.aufirst=Damian&rft.date=2015-03-26&rft.volume=125&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=2111&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Blood&rft.issn=1528-0020&rft_id=info:doi/10.1182%2Fblood-2014-11-612770 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-06-12 N1 - Date created - 2015-03-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Nucl Med. 2006 Aug;47(8):1238-40 [16882999] Clin Cancer Res. 2008 Feb 1;14(3):875-82 [18245551] Cancer Biol Ther. 2008 Jan;7(1):76-80 [18347423] Br J Haematol. 2008 May;141(5):631-40 [18422779] Bioconjug Chem. 2009 Mar 18;20(3):591-602 [19236022] J Clin Oncol. 2009 Apr 1;27(10):1653-9 [19255322] Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program. 2009;:542-51 [20008239] J Nucl Med. 2010 Oct;51(10):1616-23 [20847171] Blood. 2010 Nov 18;116(20):4231-9 [20702781] J Clin Oncol. 2000 Feb;18(3):527-36 [10653868] J Clin Oncol. 2000 Mar;18(6):1316-23 [10715303] Blood. 2000 Nov 1;96(9):2934-42 [11049969] Blood. 2001 Oct 15;98(8):2535-43 [11588052] Blood. 2002 May 1;99(9):3158-62 [11964278] J Clin Oncol. 2002 Aug 1;20(15):3262-9 [12149300] Blood. 1993 Jun 15;81(12):3449-57 [8507880] N Engl J Med. 1993 Oct 21;329(17):1219-24 [7692295] Nucl Med Biol. 1993 Nov;20(8):917-27 [8298571] Blood. 1994 Jun 15;83(12):3800-7 [8204898] Blood. 1995 Feb 15;85(4):1075-82 [7849295] Lancet. 1995 Aug 5;346(8971):336-40 [7623531] J Nucl Med. 1995 Oct;36(10):1902-9 [7562062] Eur J Nucl Med. 1998 Sep;25(9):1341-51 [9724387] Radiat Res. 1999 Mar;151(3):244-56 [10073661] Q J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2004 Dec;48(4):289-96 [15640792] J Clin Oncol. 2005 Jan 20;23(3):461-7 [15534357] N Engl J Med. 2005 Feb 3;352(5):441-9 [15689582] J Nucl Med. 2005 Feb;46(2):383-4 [15695801] Cancer Biother Radiopharm. 2005 Apr;20(2):185-8 [15869453] Leuk Lymphoma. 2011 Jul;52(7):1188-99 [21599576] Bioconjug Chem. 2012 Mar 21;23(3):409-20 [22296587] Q J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2012 Dec;56(6):487-95 [23358400] Clin Cancer Res. 2013 Feb 1;19(3):530-7 [23230321] Blood. 2013 May 2;121(18):3759-67 [23471305] J Nucl Med. 2013 Aug;54(8):1347-53 [23761919] N Engl J Med. 2013 Aug 8;369(6):507-16 [23782157] Cancer Res. 2014 Feb 15;74(4):1179-89 [24371230] Blood. 2014 May 8;123(19):2953-9 [24652994] J Clin Oncol. 2002 May 15;20(10):2453-63 [12011122] J Clin Oncol. 2005 Oct 20;23(30):7565-73 [16186600] Blood. 2006 Mar 15;107(6):2271-8 [16332971] Cancer Lett. 2006 Mar 28;234(2):176-83 [15961220] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2014-11-612770 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Important Characteristics of Silver Nanoparticles and Particle Transformations in Biological Systems T2 - 54rd Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology (SOT 2015) AN - 1669822345; 6340864 JF - 54rd Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology (SOT 2015) AU - Baer, D AU - Chen, S AU - Ji, Z. AU - Munusamy, P AU - Nel, A AU - Porter, A AU - Smith, J AU - Wang, C AU - Ryan, M AU - Xia, T AU - Zink, J Y1 - 2015/03/22/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Mar 22 KW - Transformation KW - Particulates KW - nanoparticles KW - Silver UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1669822345?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=54rd+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology+%28SOT+2015%29&rft.atitle=Important+Characteristics+of+Silver+Nanoparticles+and+Particle+Transformations+in+Biological+Systems&rft.au=Baer%2C+D%3BChen%2C+S%3BJi%2C+Z.%3BMunusamy%2C+P%3BNel%2C+A%3BPorter%2C+A%3BSmith%2C+J%3BWang%2C+C%3BRyan%2C+M%3BXia%2C+T%3BZink%2C+J&rft.aulast=Baer&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2015-03-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=54rd+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology+%28SOT+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.toxicology.org/AI/Pub/Prog/2015Program.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-03-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Bone As a Target and Dosimeter for Lead Toxicity and Exposure T2 - 54rd Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology (SOT 2015) AN - 1669820743; 6340707 JF - 54rd Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology (SOT 2015) AU - Pounds, J Y1 - 2015/03/22/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Mar 22 KW - Bone KW - Toxicity KW - Lead UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1669820743?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=54rd+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology+%28SOT+2015%29&rft.atitle=Bone+As+a+Target+and+Dosimeter+for+Lead+Toxicity+and+Exposure&rft.au=Pounds%2C+J&rft.aulast=Pounds&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2015-03-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=54rd+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology+%28SOT+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.toxicology.org/AI/Pub/Prog/2015Program.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-03-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-06 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Heterogeneous growth of cadmium and cobalt carbonate phases at the (1014) calcite surface AN - 1676589489; 2015-039560 AB - The ability of surface precipitates to form heteroepitaxially is an important factor that controls the extent of heterogeneous growth. In this work, the growth of cadmium and cobalt carbonate phases on (1014) calcite surfaces is compared for a range of initial saturation states with respect to otavite (CdCO (sub 3) ) and sphaerocobaltite (CoCO (sub 3) ), two isostructural metal carbonates that exhibit different lattice misfits with respect to calcite (- 4% and - 15%, respectively, based on (1014) surface areas). Calcite single crystals were reacted in static conditions for 16 h with CdCl (sub 2) and CoCl (sub 2) aqueous solutions with initial concentrations 0.3 < or = [Cd (super 2 +) ] (sub 0) < or = 100 mu M and 25 < or = [Co (super 2 +) ] (sub 0) < or = 200 mu M. The reacted crystals were imaged in situ with atomic force microscopy (AFM) and analyzed ex situ with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). AFM images of Cd-reacted crystals showed the formation of large islands elongated along [421] direction, clear evidence of heteroepitaxial growth, whereas surface precipitates on Co-reacted crystals were small round islands. Deformation of calcite etch pits in both cases indicated the incorporation of Cd and Co at step edges. XPS analysis pointed to the formation of a Cd-rich (Ca,Cd)CO (sub 3) solid solution coating atop the calcite substrate. In contrast, XPS measurements of the Co-reacted crystals provided evidence for the formation of a mixed hydroxy-carbonate cobalt phase despite supersaturation with respect to CoCO (sub 3) . The combined AFM and XPS results suggest that the lattice misfit between CoCO (sub 3) and CaCO (sub 3) is too large to allow for heteroepitaxial growth of a pure cobalt carbonate phase on calcite surfaces in aqueous solutions and at ambient conditions. The use of the satellite structure of the Co 2p (sub 3/2) photoelectron line as a tool for determining the nature of cobalt surface precipitates is also discussed. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Chemical Geology AU - Xu, Man AU - Ilton, Eugene S AU - Engelhard, Mark H AU - Qafoku, Odeta AU - Felmy, Andrew R AU - Rosso, Kevin M AU - Kerisit, Sebastien Y1 - 2015/03/18/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Mar 18 SP - 24 EP - 36 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 397 SN - 0009-2541, 0009-2541 KW - lattice KW - cobalt KW - mass spectra KW - crystal structure KW - crystal growth KW - atomic force microscopy data KW - chemical reactions KW - cadmium KW - calcium carbonate KW - spectra KW - X-ray photoelectron spectra KW - heterogeneity KW - surface properties KW - experimental studies KW - heteroepitaxy KW - solubility KW - solid solution KW - calcite KW - ICP mass spectra KW - single-crystal method KW - nucleation KW - metals KW - crystal chemistry KW - carbonates KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1676589489?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Geology&rft.atitle=Heterogeneous+growth+of+cadmium+and+cobalt+carbonate+phases+at+the+%281014%29+calcite+surface&rft.au=Xu%2C+Man%3BIlton%2C+Eugene+S%3BEngelhard%2C+Mark+H%3BQafoku%2C+Odeta%3BFelmy%2C+Andrew+R%3BRosso%2C+Kevin+M%3BKerisit%2C+Sebastien&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=Man&rft.date=2015-03-18&rft.volume=397&rft.issue=&rft.spage=24&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Geology&rft.issn=00092541&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.chemgeo.2015.01.003 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00092541 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 67 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-30 N1 - CODEN - CHGEAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atomic force microscopy data; cadmium; calcite; calcium carbonate; carbonates; chemical reactions; cobalt; crystal chemistry; crystal growth; crystal structure; experimental studies; heteroepitaxy; heterogeneity; ICP mass spectra; lattice; mass spectra; metals; nucleation; single-crystal method; solid solution; solubility; spectra; surface properties; X-ray photoelectron spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2015.01.003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Advances in interpretation of subsurface processes with time-lapse electrical imaging AN - 1686062140; 2015-047382 AB - Electrical geophysical methods, including electrical resistivity, time-domain induced polarization, and complex resistivity, have become commonly used to image the near subsurface. Here, we outline their utility for time-lapse imaging of hydrological, geochemical, and biogeochemical processes, focusing on new instrumentation, processing, and analysis techniques specific to monitoring. We review data collection procedures, parameters measured, and petrophysical relationships and then outline the state of the science with respect to inversion methodologies, including coupled inversion. We conclude by highlighting recent research focused on innovative applications of time-lapse imaging in hydrology, biology, ecology, and geochemistry, among other areas of interest. Copyright 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. JF - Hydrological Processes AU - Singha, K AU - Day-Lewis, F D AU - Johnson, T AU - Slater, L D Y1 - 2015/03/15/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Mar 15 SP - 1549 EP - 1576 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, New York, NY VL - 29 IS - 6 SN - 0885-6087, 0885-6087 KW - solute transport KW - imagery KW - electrical properties KW - technology KW - monitoring KW - carbon sequestration KW - numerical models KW - geophysical surveys KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - pollution KW - inverse problem KW - resistivity KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - case studies KW - transport KW - digital simulation KW - time-lapse methods KW - surveys KW - induced polarization KW - applications KW - instruments KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1686062140?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hydrological+Processes&rft.atitle=Advances+in+interpretation+of+subsurface+processes+with+time-lapse+electrical+imaging&rft.au=Singha%2C+K%3BDay-Lewis%2C+F+D%3BJohnson%2C+T%3BSlater%2C+L+D&rft.aulast=Singha&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2015-03-15&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1549&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hydrological+Processes&rft.issn=08856087&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fhyp.10280 L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/jhome/4125 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 212 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; case studies; digital simulation; electrical methods; electrical properties; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; ground water; imagery; induced polarization; instruments; inverse problem; monitoring; numerical models; pollution; resistivity; solute transport; surveys; technology; time-lapse methods; transport DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10280 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Derivation of an observation-based map of North African dust emission AN - 1832629336; 768716-14 AB - Changes in the emission, transport and deposition of aeolian dust have profound effects on regional climate, so that characterizing the lifecycle of dust in observations and improving the representation of dust in global climate models is necessary. A fundamental aspect of characterizing the dust cycle is quantifying surface dust fluxes, yet no spatially explicit estimates of this flux exist for the World's major source regions. Here we present a novel technique for creating a map of the annual mean emitted dust flux for North Africa based on retrievals of dust storm frequency from the Meteosat Second Generation Spinning Enhanced Visible and InfraRed Imager (SEVIRI) and the relationship between dust storm frequency and emitted mass flux derived from the output of five models that simulate dust. Our results suggest that 64 (+ or -16)% of all dust emitted from North Africa is from the Bodele depression, and that 13 (+ or -3)% of the North African dust flux is from a depression lying in the lee of the Air and Hoggar Mountains, making this area the second most important region of emission within North Africa. JF - Aeolian Research AU - Evan, Amato T AU - Fiedler, Stephanie AU - Zhao, Chun AU - Menut, Laurent AU - Schepanski, Kerstin AU - Flamant, Cyrille AU - Doherty, Owen Y1 - 2015/03// PY - 2015 DA - March 2015 SP - 153 EP - 162 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 16 SN - 1875-9637, 1875-9637 KW - imagery KW - power law KW - North Africa KW - CHIMERE model KW - WRF model KW - transport KW - sediments KW - sediment transport KW - clastic sediments KW - ECHAM model KW - statistical analysis KW - Bodele Depression KW - satellite methods KW - SEVIRI model KW - models KW - West Africa KW - provenance KW - Chad KW - mathematical methods KW - dust KW - Africa KW - Sahara KW - wind transport KW - CLM model KW - CESM model KW - remote sensing KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832629336?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aeolian+Research&rft.atitle=Derivation+of+an+observation-based+map+of+North+African+dust+emission&rft.au=Evan%2C+Amato+T%3BFiedler%2C+Stephanie%3BZhao%2C+Chun%3BMenut%2C+Laurent%3BSchepanski%2C+Kerstin%3BFlamant%2C+Cyrille%3BDoherty%2C+Owen&rft.aulast=Evan&rft.aufirst=Amato&rft.date=2015-03-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=&rft.spage=153&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aeolian+Research&rft.issn=18759637&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.aeolia.2015.01.001 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/18759637 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Number of references - 57 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Africa; Bodele Depression; CESM model; Chad; CHIMERE model; clastic sediments; CLM model; dust; ECHAM model; imagery; mathematical methods; models; North Africa; power law; provenance; remote sensing; Sahara; satellite methods; sediment transport; sediments; SEVIRI model; statistical analysis; transport; West Africa; wind transport; WRF model DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aeolia.2015.01.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Performance of the EPD-N2 dosemeter for monitoring aircrew doses AN - 1794503050; PQ0003162791 AB - United States Air Force (USAF) aircrew fly at altitudes and for durations where doses from cosmic radiation are significant enough to warrant monitoring. This study evaluated a candidate radiological monitoring system for USAF aircrew, the Thermo Scientific electronic personnel dosemeter (EPD-N2). The evaluation consisted of characterising the device in a well-characterised radiation field at a European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) accelerator, and aboard an USAF aircraft. The performance of the EPDs was evaluated by comparison with accepted values for dose at the CERN facility, comparison with the value calculated by flight dose software and comparison with the value estimated by a tissue-equivalent proportional counter aboard the aircraft. This study recommends that a correction factor of 1/CF = 1/3.9 be applied to EPD-N2 measurements aboard aircraft flights. The uncertainty in this correction factor is 11.8 %. JF - Radiation Protection Dosimetry AU - Scherpelz, R I AU - Cezeaux, J R AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA, scherpelz@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2015/03// PY - 2015 DA - March 2015 SP - 415 EP - 423 PB - Oxford University Press, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP United Kingdom VL - 163 IS - 4 SN - 0144-8420, 0144-8420 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Computer programs KW - USA KW - Altitude KW - Aircraft KW - Radiation KW - Cosmic radiation KW - Dosimetry KW - Crew safety KW - Occupational exposure KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1794503050?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+Protection+Dosimetry&rft.atitle=Performance+of+the+EPD-N2+dosemeter+for+monitoring+aircrew+doses&rft.au=Scherpelz%2C+R+I%3BCezeaux%2C+J+R&rft.aulast=Scherpelz&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2015-03-01&rft.volume=163&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=415&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+Protection+Dosimetry&rft.issn=01448420&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Frpd%2Fncu234 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Computer programs; Altitude; Radiation; Aircraft; Dosimetry; Cosmic radiation; Crew safety; Occupational exposure; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncu234 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lead Slowing-Down Spectrometry Analysis of Data from Measurements on Nuclear Fuel AN - 1770377829; PQ0002237206 AB - Improved nondestructive assay of isotopic masses in used nuclear fuel would be valuable for nuclear safeguards operations associated with the transport, storage, and reprocessing of used nuclear fuel. Our collaboration is examining the feasibility of using lead slowing-down spectrometry techniques to assay the isotopic fissile masses in used nuclear fuel assemblies. We present the application of our analysis algorithms to measurements conducted with a lead spectrometer. The measurements involved a single fresh fuel pin and discrete super(2)39u and super(235)U samples. We are able to describe the isotopic fissile masses with root-mean-square errors over seven different configurations to 6.3% for super(239)Pu and 2.7% for super(235)U. Significant effort is yet needed to demonstrate the applicability of these algorithms for used-fuel assemblies, but the results reported here are encouraging in demonstrating that we are making progress toward that goal JF - Nuclear Science and Engineering AU - Warren, Glen A AU - Anderson, Kevin K AU - Kulisek, Jonathan AU - Danon, Yaron AU - Weltz, Adam AU - Gavron, A AU - Harris, Jason AU - Stewart, Trevor N AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352 glen.warren@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2015/03// PY - 2015 DA - March 2015 SP - 264 EP - 273 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc., 555 N. Kensington Ave. La Grange Park IL 60525 United States VL - 179 IS - 3 SN - 0029-5639, 0029-5639 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Assaying KW - Feasibility KW - Nuclear fuels KW - Assemblies KW - Algorithms KW - Spectroscopy KW - Reprocessing KW - Spectrometry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1770377829?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nuclear+Science+and+Engineering&rft.atitle=Lead+Slowing-Down+Spectrometry+Analysis+of+Data+from+Measurements+on+Nuclear+Fuel&rft.au=Warren%2C+Glen+A%3BAnderson%2C+Kevin+K%3BKulisek%2C+Jonathan%3BDanon%2C+Yaron%3BWeltz%2C+Adam%3BGavron%2C+A%3BHarris%2C+Jason%3BStewart%2C+Trevor+N&rft.aulast=Warren&rft.aufirst=Glen&rft.date=2015-03-01&rft.volume=179&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=264&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nuclear+Science+and+Engineering&rft.issn=00295639&rft_id=info:doi/10.13182%2FNSE13-71 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-03-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-04 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.13182/NSE13-71 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Three-dimensional imaging of lipids and metabolites in tissues by nanospray desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry AN - 1746897206; PQ0001483226 AB - Three-dimensional (3D) imaging of tissue sections is a new frontier in mass spectrometry imaging (MSI). Here, we report on fast 3D imaging of lipids and metabolites associated with mouse uterine decidual cells and embryo at the implantation site on day 6 of pregnancy. 2D imaging of 16-20 serial tissue sections deposited on the same glass slide was performed using nanospray desorption electrospray ionization (nano-DESI)-an ambient ionization technique that enables sensitive localized analysis of analytes on surfaces without special sample pretreatment. In this proof-of-principle study, nano-DESI was coupled to a high-resolution Q-Exactive instrument operated at high repetition rate of >5 Hz with moderate mass resolution of 35,000 (m/ Delta m at m/z 200), which enabled acquisition of the entire 3D image with a spatial resolution of 150 mu m in less than 4.5 h. The results demonstrate localization of acetylcholine in the primary decidual zone (PDZ) of the implantation site throughout the depth of the tissue examined, indicating an important role of this signaling molecule in decidualization. Choline and phosphocholine-metabolites associated with cell growth-are enhanced in the PDZ and abundant in other cellular regions of the implantation site. Very different 3D distributions were obtained for fatty acids (FA), oleic acid and linoleic acid (FA 18:1 and FA 18:2), differing only by one double bond. Localization of FA 18:2 in the PDZ indicates its important role in decidualization while FA 18:1 is distributed more evenly throughout the tissue. In contrast, several lysophosphatidylcholines (LPC) observed in this study show donut-like distributions with localization around the PDZ. Complementary distributions with minimal overlap were observed for LPC 18:0 and FA 18:2 while the 3D image of the potential precursor phosphatidylcholine 36:2 (PC 36:2) showed a significant overlap with both LPC 18:0 and FA 18:2. [Figure not available: see fulltext.] JF - Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry AU - Lanekoff, Ingela AU - Burnum-Johnson, Kristin AU - Thomas, Mathew AU - Cha, Jeeyeon AU - Dey, Sudhansu K AU - Yang, Pengxiang AU - Prieto Conaway, Maria C AU - Laskin, Julia AD - Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99354, USA, Julia.Laskin@pnnl.gov PY - 2015 SP - 2063 EP - 2071 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Berlin/Heidelberg Germany VL - 407 IS - 8 SN - 1618-2642, 1618-2642 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Mass Spectrometry KW - Desorption KW - Lipids KW - Fatty Acids KW - Metabolites KW - Acids KW - Ionization KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0810:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1746897206?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+and+Bioanalytical+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Three-dimensional+imaging+of+lipids+and+metabolites+in+tissues+by+nanospray+desorption+electrospray+ionization+mass+spectrometry&rft.au=Lanekoff%2C+Ingela%3BBurnum-Johnson%2C+Kristin%3BThomas%2C+Mathew%3BCha%2C+Jeeyeon%3BDey%2C+Sudhansu+K%3BYang%2C+Pengxiang%3BPrieto+Conaway%2C+Maria+C%3BLaskin%2C+Julia&rft.aulast=Lanekoff&rft.aufirst=Ingela&rft.date=2015-03-01&rft.volume=407&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=2063&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+and+Bioanalytical+Chemistry&rft.issn=16182642&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00216-014-8174-0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-12-01 N1 - Number of references - 81 N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mass Spectrometry; Desorption; Acids; Lipids; Fatty Acids; Metabolites; Ionization DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00216-014-8174-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Baptiste Gault, Michael P. Moody, Julie M. Cairney and Simon P. Ringer: Atom probe microscopy AN - 1746880433; PQ0001353163 JF - Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry AU - Schreiber, Daniel K AD - Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA, 99352, USA, daniel.schreiber@pnnl.gov PY - 2015 SP - 1795 EP - 1796 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Berlin/Heidelberg Germany VL - 407 IS - 7 SN - 1618-2642, 1618-2642 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Microscopy KW - Probes KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0810:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1746880433?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+and+Bioanalytical+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Baptiste+Gault%2C+Michael+P.+Moody%2C+Julie+M.+Cairney+and+Simon+P.+Ringer%3A+Atom+probe+microscopy&rft.au=Schreiber%2C+Daniel+K&rft.aulast=Schreiber&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2015-03-01&rft.volume=407&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1795&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+and+Bioanalytical+Chemistry&rft.issn=16182642&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00216-015-8493-9 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Microscopy; Probes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00216-015-8493-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Magnesium behavior and structural defects in Mg super(+) ion implanted silicon carbide AN - 1687664793; PQ0001574906 AB - As a candidate material for fusion reactor applications, silicon carbide (SiC) undergoes transmutation reactions under high-energy neutron irradiation with magnesium as the major metallic transmutant: the others include aluminum, beryllium and phosphorus in addition to helium and hydrogen gaseous species. The impact of these transmutants on SiC structural stability is currently unknown. This study uses ion implantation to introduce Mg into SiC. Multiaxial ion-channeling analysis of the as-produced damage state indicates a lower dechanneling yield observed along the (100) axis. The microstructure of the annealed sample was examined using high-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy. The results show a high concentration of likely non-faulted tetrahedral voids and possible stacking fault tetrahedra near the damage peak. In addition to lattice distortion, dislocations and intrinsic and extrinsic stacking faults are also observed. Magnesium in 3C-SiC prefers to substitute for Si and it forms precipitates of cubic Mg sub(2)Si and tetragonal MgC sub(2). The diffusion coefficient of Mg in 3C-SiC single crystal at 1573 K has been determined to be 3.8 + or - 0.4 x 10 super(-19) m super(2)/s. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Jiang, Weilin AU - Jung, Hee Joon AU - Kovarik, Libor AU - Wang, Zhaoying AU - Roosendaal, Timothy J AU - Zhu, Zihua AU - Edwards, Danny J AU - Hu, Shenyang AU - Henager, Charles H, Jr AU - Kurtz, Richard J AU - Wang, Yongqiang AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, United States, weilin.jiang@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2015/03// PY - 2015 DA - Mar 2015 SP - 146 EP - 155 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 458 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Silicon KW - Phosphorus KW - Hydrogen KW - Behavior KW - Irradiation KW - Radioactive materials KW - Aluminum KW - Beryllium KW - Microscopy KW - Fusion reactors KW - Helium KW - Diffusion KW - Magnesium KW - ENA 21:Wildlife UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1687664793?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Magnesium+behavior+and+structural+defects+in+Mg+super%28%2B%29+ion+implanted+silicon+carbide&rft.au=Jiang%2C+Weilin%3BJung%2C+Hee+Joon%3BKovarik%2C+Libor%3BWang%2C+Zhaoying%3BRoosendaal%2C+Timothy+J%3BZhu%2C+Zihua%3BEdwards%2C+Danny+J%3BHu%2C+Shenyang%3BHenager%2C+Charles+H%2C+Jr%3BKurtz%2C+Richard+J%3BWang%2C+Yongqiang&rft.aulast=Jiang&rft.aufirst=Weilin&rft.date=2015-03-01&rft.volume=458&rft.issue=&rft.spage=146&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2014.12.071 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-06-01 N1 - Number of references - 45 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Silicon; Phosphorus; Hydrogen; Behavior; Irradiation; Microscopy; Beryllium; Aluminum; Radioactive materials; Helium; Fusion reactors; Diffusion; Magnesium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.12.071 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Challenges and opportunities for fractured rock imaging using 3D cross-borehole electrical resistivity AN - 1686058253; 2015-051957 AB - There is an increasing need to characterize discrete fractures away from boreholes to better define fracture distributions and monitor solute transport. We performed a 3D evaluation of static and time-lapse cross-borehole electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) data sets from a limestone quarry in which flow and transport are controlled by a bedding-plane feature. Ten boreholes were discretized using an unstructured tetrahedral mesh, and 2D panel measurements were inverted for a 3D distribution of conductivity. We evaluated the benefits of 3D versus 2.5D inversion of ERT data in fractured rock while including the use of borehole regularization disconnects (BRDs) and borehole conductivity constraints. High-conductivity halos (inversion artifacts) surrounding boreholes were removed in static images when BRDs and borehole conductivity constraints were implemented. Furthermore, applying these constraints focused transient changes in conductivity resulting from solute transport on the bedding plane, providing a more physically reasonable model for conductivity changes associated with solute transport at this fractured rock site. Assuming bedding-plane continuity between fractures identified in borehole televiewer data, we discretized a planar region between six boreholes and applied a fracture regularization disconnect (FRD). Although the FRD appropriately focused conductivity changes on the bedding plane, the conductivity distribution within the discretized fracture was nonunique and dependent on the starting homogeneous model conductivity. Synthetic studies performed to better explain field observations showed that inaccurate electrode locations in boreholes resulted in low-conductivity halos surrounding borehole locations. These synthetic studies also showed that the recovery of the true conductivity within an FRD depended on the conductivity contrast between the host rock and fractures. Our findings revealed that the potential exists to improve imaging of fractured rock through 3D inversion and accurate modeling of boreholes. However, deregularization of localized features can result in significant electrical conductivity artifacts, especially when representing features with a high degree of spatial uncertainty. JF - Geophysics AU - Robinson, Judith AU - Johnson, Timothy AU - Slater, Lee Y1 - 2015/03// PY - 2015 DA - March 2015 SP - E49 EP - E61 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 80 IS - 2 SN - 0016-8033, 0016-8033 KW - tomography KW - solute transport KW - fractured materials KW - electrical conductivity KW - electrical logging KW - three-dimensional models KW - crosshole methods KW - well-logging KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - resistivity KW - two-dimensional models KW - boreholes KW - transport KW - applications KW - uncertainty KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1686058253?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysics&rft.atitle=Challenges+and+opportunities+for+fractured+rock+imaging+using+3D+cross-borehole+electrical+resistivity&rft.au=Robinson%2C+Judith%3BJohnson%2C+Timothy%3BSlater%2C+Lee&rft.aulast=Robinson&rft.aufirst=Judith&rft.date=2015-03-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=E49&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysics&rft.issn=00168033&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2Fgeo2014-0138.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/gpysa7 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-05 N1 - CODEN - GPYSA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; boreholes; crosshole methods; electrical conductivity; electrical logging; electrical methods; fractured materials; geophysical methods; resistivity; solute transport; three-dimensional models; tomography; transport; two-dimensional models; uncertainty; well-logging DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2014-0138.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ideas that Work!: Retuning the Building Automation System AN - 1685765597; PQ0001412380 AB - A building automation system (BAS) can save considerable energy by effectively and efficiently operating building energy systems (fans, pumps, chillers, boilers, etc.), but only when the BAS is properly set up and operated. Tuning or retuning the BAS is a cost effective process worthy of your time and attention. JF - Strategic Planning for Energy and the Environment AU - Parker, Steven AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Y1 - 2015/03/01/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Mar 01 SP - 6 EP - 9 PB - Taylor & Francis Group Ltd., 700 Indian Trail Rd. Lilburn GA 30047-6862 United States VL - 34 IS - 4 SN - 1048-5236, 1048-5236 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Materials Business File (MB); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Construction KW - Energy management KW - Construction costs KW - Tuning KW - Energy conservation KW - Automation KW - Pumps KW - Buildings UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1685765597?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Strategic+Planning+for+Energy+and+the+Environment&rft.atitle=Ideas+that+Work%21%3A+Retuning+the+Building+Automation+System&rft.au=Parker%2C+Steven&rft.aulast=Parker&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2015-03-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=6&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Strategic+Planning+for+Energy+and+the+Environment&rft.issn=10485236&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F10485236.2015.11415541 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-07 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10485236.2015.11415541 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Portfolio analysis of layered security measures AN - 1683078451; 4673899 AB - Layered defenses are necessary for protecting the public from terrorist attacks. Designing a system of such defensive measures requires consideration of the interaction of these countermeasures. In this article, we present an analysis of a layered security system within the lower Manhattan area. It shows how portfolios of security measures can be evaluated through portfolio decision analysis. Consideration is given to the total benefits and costs of the system. Portfolio diagrams are created that help communicate alternatives among stakeholders who have differing views on the tradeoffs between security and economic activity. Reprinted by permission of Blackwell Publishers JF - Risk analysis AU - Rosoff, Heather AU - Chatterjee, Samrat AU - Hora, Stephen C AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory ; University of Southern California Y1 - 2015/03// PY - 2015 DA - Mar 2015 SP - 459 EP - 475 VL - 35 IS - 3 SN - 0272-4332, 0272-4332 KW - Economics KW - Security KW - Stakeholder KW - Decision analysis KW - Economic activity KW - Portfolio analysis KW - Terrorists UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1683078451?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+analysis&rft.atitle=Portfolio+analysis+of+layered+security+measures&rft.au=Rosoff%2C+Heather%3BChatterjee%2C+Samrat%3BHora%2C+Stephen+C&rft.aulast=Rosoff&rft.aufirst=Heather&rft.date=2015-03-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=459&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Frisa.12303 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2015-05-26 N1 - Last updated - 2015-05-26 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 9889 4913 3883 971; 3872 554 971; 12689 12686 13325; Security; 3321 971 6071 1542 11325; 12158 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/risa.12303 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fe/SSZ-13 as an NH sub(3)-SCR catalyst: A reaction kinetics and FTIR/Mossbauer spectroscopic study AN - 1669868768; PQ0001170358 AB - Using a traditional aqueous solution ion-exchange method under a protecting atmosphere of N[sub 2], an Fe/SSZ-13 catalyst active in NH[sub 3]-SCR was synthesized. Mossbauer and FTIR spectroscopies were used to probe the nature of the Fe sites. In the fresh sample, the majority of Fe species are extra-framework cations. The likely monomeric and dimeric ferric ions in hydrated form are [Fe(OH)[sub 2]][sup +] and [HO-Fe-O-Fe-OH][sup +2], based on Mossbauer measurements. For potential practical applications, Fe/SSZ-13 may be used as a co-catalyst for Cu/CHA as integral after treatment SCR catalysts on the basis of the stable high temperature activity after hydrothermal aging. JF - Applied Catalysis B: Environmental AU - Gao, Feng AU - Kollar, Marton AU - Kukkadapu, Ravi K AU - Washton, Nancy M AU - Wang, Yilin AU - Szanyi, Janos AU - Peden, Charles HF AD - Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, United States feng.gao@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2015/03// PY - 2015 DA - Mar 2015 SP - 407 EP - 419 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 164 SN - 0926-3373, 0926-3373 KW - Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts (SO); METADEX (MD); Advanced Polymers Abstracts (EP); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Composites Industry Abstracts (ED); Engineered Materials Abstracts, Ceramics (EC); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Selective catalytic reduction KW - Chabazite KW - Fe/SSZ-13 KW - Emission control KW - NOx KW - Infrared spectroscopy KW - Fourier transforms KW - Cations KW - Ferric ions KW - Mossbauer effect KW - Catalysts KW - Aqueous solutions KW - Spectroscopy KW - Iron UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1669868768?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Catalysis+B%3A+Environmental&rft.atitle=Fe%2FSSZ-13+as+an+NH+sub%283%29-SCR+catalyst%3A+A+reaction+kinetics+and+FTIR%2FMossbauer+spectroscopic+study&rft.au=Gao%2C+Feng%3BKollar%2C+Marton%3BKukkadapu%2C+Ravi+K%3BWashton%2C+Nancy+M%3BWang%2C+Yilin%3BSzanyi%2C+Janos%3BPeden%2C+Charles+HF&rft.aulast=Gao&rft.aufirst=Feng&rft.date=2015-03-01&rft.volume=164&rft.issue=&rft.spage=407&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Catalysis+B%3A+Environmental&rft.issn=09263373&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.apcatb.2014.09.031 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 49 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-07 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2014.09.031 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inactivation mechanisms of cryptosporidium parvumoocysts by solar ultraviolet irradiation AN - 1668264337; PQ0001286931 AB - Cryptosporidium parvumoocysts have been known to cause adverse health effects worldwide, and processes that contribute to their inactivation have gained wide attention in recent years. Solar inactivation is an important process that can improve surface water quality. Solar disinfection (SODIS) can be used to disinfect water as a point-of-use alternative, and disinfect wastewater in waste stabilization ponds. However, a clear understanding of the oocyst solar inactivation mechanisms is lacking. This study systematically investigated the oocyst solar inactivation mechanisms in the presence of a wide range of environmental factors and also provided an insight on the metabolic response of oocysts using the microarray analysis. The result revealed that oocyst inactivation by solar UVA/visible light was dominated by UVA-induced internal radical damages and was sensitive to both the temperature and the oocyst source. External radical producing sensitizers did not enhance the UVA/visible light inactivation of oocysts due to the protection by the oocyst wall. In contrast, UVB was found to directly damage the oocyst genome, ensuring an effective inactivation that correlated only with UV fluence after being corrected for light screening regardless of the oocyst source, temperature, and the presence of external sensitizers. Further microarray analysis suggested that the effective UVB inactivation could be explained by the down-regulation of most of the genes responsible for cellular metabolic activities and the lack of expression of stress protection mechanisms in oocysts after 30 minutes of UVB exposure. These results facilitate the understanding and design of water and wastewater treatment processes that involve natural sunlight exposure. JF - Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology AU - Liu, Yuanyuan AU - Dong, Shengkun AU - Kuhlenschmidt, Mark S AU - Kuhlenschmidt, Theresa B AU - Drnevich, Jenny AU - Nguyen, Thanh H AD - Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Urbana IL 61801; USA; sdong6llinois.edu; thnllinois.edu; +1 (509) 371 7370; , Yuanyuan.Liu@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2015/03// PY - 2015 DA - March 2015 SP - 188 EP - 198 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry, c/o Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Secaucus New Jersey 07096 2485 United States VL - 1 IS - 2 SN - 2053-1400, 2053-1400 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Genomes KW - Disinfection KW - Surface water KW - Surface Water KW - Wastewater treatment KW - Environmental factors KW - Ponds KW - U.V. radiation KW - Exposure KW - Ultraviolet radiation KW - Environmental effects KW - Sunlight KW - Stabilization Ponds KW - Metabolic response KW - Screening KW - Temperature effects KW - Damage KW - Oocysts KW - Temperature KW - Wastes KW - Stress KW - Protection KW - Light effects KW - Cryptosporidium KW - Waste water KW - Radicals KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 5040:Data acquisition KW - Q2 09182:Methods and instruments KW - K 03450:Ecology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1668264337?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science%3A+Water+Research+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Inactivation+mechanisms+of+cryptosporidium+parvumoocysts+by+solar+ultraviolet+irradiation&rft.au=Liu%2C+Yuanyuan%3BDong%2C+Shengkun%3BKuhlenschmidt%2C+Mark+S%3BKuhlenschmidt%2C+Theresa+B%3BDrnevich%2C+Jenny%3BNguyen%2C+Thanh+H&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Yuanyuan&rft.date=2015-03-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=188&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science%3A+Water+Research+%26+Technology&rft.issn=20531400&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc4ew00079j LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-03-01 N1 - Number of references - 58 N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Temperature effects; Screening; Ultraviolet radiation; Wastes; Environmental effects; Environmental factors; Ponds; Light effects; Disinfection; Oocysts; Surface water; Stress; Wastewater treatment; U.V. radiation; Sunlight; Waste water; Radicals; Metabolic response; Damage; Exposure; Cryptosporidium; Temperature; Protection; Surface Water; Stabilization Ponds DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ew00079j ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enhancing magnesite formation at low temperature and high CO (sub 2) pressure; the impact of seed crystals and minor components AN - 1707521312; 2015-084060 AB - The formation of magnesite was followed in aqueous solution containing initially added Mg(OH) (sub 2) equilibrated with supercritical carbon dioxide (90 atm pressure, 50 degrees C) in the presence of introduced magnesite particles and minor components, Co(II). As expected, the introduction of magnesite particles accelerated the formation of magnesite from solution. However, the formation rate of magnesite was even greater when small concentrations of Co(II) were introduced, indicating that the increased rate of magnesite formation in the presence of Co(II) was not solely due to the addition of a growth promoting surface. Detailed analysis of the magnesite particles by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and atom probe tomography (APT) revealed that the originally added Co(II) was concentrated in the center but also present throughout the growing magnesite particles. Addition of the Co(II) in different chemical forms (i.e. as solid phase CoCO (sub 3) or Co(OH) (sub 2) ) could alter the growth rate of magnesite depending upon the addition of bicarbonate to the starting solution. Geochemical modeling calculations indicate that this difference is related to the thermodynamic stability of these different phases in the initial solutions. More broadly, these results indicate that the presence of even small concentrations of foreign ions that form carbonate compounds with a similar structure as magnesite can be incorporated into the magnesite lattice, accelerating the formation of anhydrous carbonates in natural environments. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Chemical Geology AU - Felmy, Andrew R AU - Qafoku, Odeta AU - Arey, Bruce W AU - Kovarik, Libor AU - Liu, Jia AU - Perea, Daniel AU - Ilton, Eugene S Y1 - 2015/02/24/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Feb 24 SP - 119 EP - 125 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 395 SN - 0009-2541, 0009-2541 KW - tomography KW - lattice KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - crystal structure KW - atom probe tomography KW - temperature KW - carbon dioxide KW - spectra KW - P-T conditions KW - pressure KW - minor elements KW - seed crystals KW - magnesite KW - electron microscopy data KW - high pressure KW - X-ray spectra KW - TEM data KW - EDS spectra KW - solid phase KW - molecular structure KW - models KW - crystals KW - low temperature KW - crystallization KW - crystal chemistry KW - carbonates KW - SEM data KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1707521312?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Geology&rft.atitle=Enhancing+magnesite+formation+at+low+temperature+and+high+CO+%28sub+2%29+pressure%3B+the+impact+of+seed+crystals+and+minor+components&rft.au=Felmy%2C+Andrew+R%3BQafoku%2C+Odeta%3BArey%2C+Bruce+W%3BKovarik%2C+Libor%3BLiu%2C+Jia%3BPerea%2C+Daniel%3BIlton%2C+Eugene+S&rft.aulast=Felmy&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2015-02-24&rft.volume=395&rft.issue=&rft.spage=119&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Geology&rft.issn=00092541&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.chemgeo.2014.12.003 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00092541 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 41 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-27 N1 - CODEN - CHGEAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atom probe tomography; carbon dioxide; carbonates; crystal chemistry; crystal structure; crystallization; crystals; EDS spectra; electron microscopy data; high pressure; lattice; low temperature; magnesite; minor elements; models; molecular structure; P-T conditions; pressure; seed crystals; SEM data; solid phase; spectra; TEM data; temperature; tomography; X-ray diffraction data; X-ray spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2014.12.003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The fate of silicon during glass corrosion under alkaline conditions; a mechanistic and kinetic study with the international simple glass AN - 1673365703; 2015-034208 AB - International Simple Glass - a six oxide borosilicate glass selected by the international nuclear glass community to improve the understanding of glass corrosion mechanisms and kinetics - was altered at 90 degrees C in a solution initially saturated with respect to amorphous (super 29) SiO (sub 2) . The pH (sub 90 degrees C) , was fixed at 9 at the start of the experiment and raised to 11.5 after 209 d by the addition of KOH. Isotope sensitive analytical techniques were used to analyze the solution and altered glass samples, helping to understand the driving forces and rate limiting processes controlling long-term glass alteration. At pH 9, the corrosion rate continuously drops and the glass slowly transforms into a uniform, homogeneous amorphous alteration layer. The mechanisms responsible for this transformation are water penetration through the growing alteration layer and ion exchange. We demonstrate that this amorphous alteration layer is not a precipitate resulting from the hydrolysis of the silicate network; it is mostly inherited from the glass structure from which the most weakly bonded cations (Na, Ca and B) have been released. At pH 11.5, the alteration process is very different: the high solubility of glass network formers (Si, Al, Zr) triggers the rapid and complete dissolution of the glass (dissolution becomes congruent) and precipitation of amorphous and crystalline phases. Unlike at pH 9 where glass corrosion rate decreased by 3 orders of magnitude likely due to the retroaction of the alteration layer on water dynamics/reactivity at the reaction front, the rate at pH 11.5 is maintained at a value close to the forward rate due to both the hydrolysis of the silicate network promoted by OH (super -) and the precipitation of CSH and zeolites. This study provides key information for a unified model for glass dissolution. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Gin, Stephane AU - Jollivet, Patrick AU - Fournier, Maxime AU - Berthon, Claude AU - Wang, Zhaoying AU - Mitroshkov, Alexandre AU - Zhu, Zihua AU - Ryan, Joseph V Y1 - 2015/02/15/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Feb 15 SP - 68 EP - 85 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 151 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - silicates KW - calcium KW - alteration KW - isotopes KW - international simple glass KW - mass spectra KW - hydrolysis KW - silicon KW - stable isotopes KW - NMR spectra KW - crystallinity KW - temperature KW - reactivity KW - mineral composition KW - standard materials KW - zeolite group KW - oxides KW - framework silicates KW - spectra KW - kinetics KW - glass materials KW - pH KW - corrosion KW - alkaline earth metals KW - experimental studies KW - Si-29/Si-28 KW - isotope ratios KW - electron microscopy data KW - alkalic composition KW - models KW - ICP mass spectra KW - Ca-44/Ca-40 KW - borosilicates KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - mathematical methods KW - crystal chemistry KW - SEM data KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1673365703?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=The+fate+of+silicon+during+glass+corrosion+under+alkaline+conditions%3B+a+mechanistic+and+kinetic+study+with+the+international+simple+glass&rft.au=Gin%2C+Stephane%3BJollivet%2C+Patrick%3BFournier%2C+Maxime%3BBerthon%2C+Claude%3BWang%2C+Zhaoying%3BMitroshkov%2C+Alexandre%3BZhu%2C+Zihua%3BRyan%2C+Joseph+V&rft.aulast=Gin&rft.aufirst=Stephane&rft.date=2015-02-15&rft.volume=151&rft.issue=&rft.spage=68&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2014.12.009 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 76 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-16 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkalic composition; alkaline earth metals; alteration; borosilicates; Ca-44/Ca-40; calcium; corrosion; crystal chemistry; crystallinity; electron microscopy data; experimental studies; framework silicates; glass materials; hydrolysis; ICP mass spectra; international simple glass; isotope ratios; isotopes; kinetics; mass spectra; mathematical methods; metals; mineral composition; models; NMR spectra; oxides; pH; precipitation; reactivity; SEM data; Si-29/Si-28; silicates; silicon; spectra; stable isotopes; standard materials; temperature; zeolite group DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2014.12.009 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Incorporation of Np(V) and U(VI) in carbonate and sulfate minerals crystallized from aqueous solution AN - 1673365338; 2015-034212 AB - The neptunyl Np(V)O (sub 2) (super +) and uranyl U(VI)O (sub 2) (super 2+) ions are soluble in groundwater, although their interaction with minerals in the subsurface may impact their mobility. One mechanism for the immobilization of actinyl ions in the subsurface is co-precipitation in low-temperature minerals that form naturally, or that are induced to form as part of a remediation strategy. Important differences in the crystal-chemical behavior of the Np(V) neptunyl and U(VI) uranyl ions suggest their behavior towards incorporation into growing crystals may differ significantly. Using a selection of low-temperature minerals synthesized in aqueous systems under ambient conditions, this study examines the factors that impact the structural incorporation of the Np(V) neptunyl and U(VI) uranyl ions in carbonate and sulfate minerals. Calcite (CaCO (sub 3) ), aragonite (CaCO (sub 3) ), gypsum (CaSO (sub 4) .2H (sub 2) O), strontianite (SrCO (sub 3) ), cerussite (PbCO (sub 3) ), celestine (SrSO (sub 4) ), and anglesite (PbSO (sub 4) ) were synthesized from aqueous solutions containing either 400-1000 ppm of U(VI) or Np(V) relative to the divalent cation present in the system. The synthetic products were investigated by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, luminescence and time resolved luminescence spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Amongst the carbonate minerals, calcite significantly favors Np(V) incorporation over U(VI). U(VI) and Np(V) are incorporated in aragonite and strontianite in similar amounts, whereas cerussite did not incorporate either U(VI) or Np(V) under the synthesis conditions. The sulfate minerals weakly interact with the actinyl ions, relative to the carbonate minerals. Incorporation of U(VI) and Np(V) in celestine was observed at the level of a few tens of ppm; anglesite and gypsum did not incorporate detectable U(VI) or Np(V). Luminescence spectra of the uranyl incorporated in aragonite and strontianite are consistent with a uranyl unit coordinated by three bidentate CO (sub 3) (super 2) (super -) groups. The time-resolved spectra of calcite indicate multiple coordination environments about the uranyl unit, with the spectra of the longer-lived components displaying similarities with uranyl-incorporated aragonite. The luminescence spectrum of uranyl-bearing celestine is consistent with a uranyl unit coordinated by monodentate sulfate groups. Anglesite synthesized in the presence of uranyl shows no luminescence, whereas the spectra of gypsum and cerussite suggest uranyl surface adsorption or precipitation of secondary uranyl minerals on the mineral surfaces. Our findings indicate that geometrical constraints of the Np(V) and U(VI) species in solution, together with the crystallographic steric constraints of the host material, affect preferential uptake in the mineral structures studied. Calcium and strontium appear to be favorable incorporation sites for both U(VI) and Np(V) in aragonite and strontianite. In calcite, Np(V) incorporation is strongly favored over U(VI), whereas in gypsum incorporation of neither actinyl ion occurs. Substitution of actinyl ions was also not observed for lead, in either the carbonate or sulfate minerals studied. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Balboni, Enrica AU - Morrison, Jessica M AU - Wang, Zheming AU - Engelhard, Mark H AU - Burns, Peter C Y1 - 2015/02/15/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Feb 15 SP - 133 EP - 149 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 151 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - neptunium KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - isotopes KW - mass spectra KW - aqueous solutions KW - remediation KW - radioactive isotopes KW - ultraviolet spectra KW - spectra KW - X-ray photoelectron spectra KW - water pollution KW - pH KW - Np-237 KW - sulfates KW - pollutants KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - X-ray spectra KW - TEM data KW - EDS spectra KW - ICP mass spectra KW - luminescence KW - soil pollution KW - metals KW - crystallization KW - uranium KW - mobilization KW - U-238 KW - crystal chemistry KW - carbonates KW - actinides KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1673365338?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Incorporation+of+Np%28V%29+and+U%28VI%29+in+carbonate+and+sulfate+minerals+crystallized+from+aqueous+solution&rft.au=Balboni%2C+Enrica%3BMorrison%2C+Jessica+M%3BWang%2C+Zheming%3BEngelhard%2C+Mark+H%3BBurns%2C+Peter+C&rft.aulast=Balboni&rft.aufirst=Enrica&rft.date=2015-02-15&rft.volume=151&rft.issue=&rft.spage=133&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2014.10.027 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 44 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-16 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; aqueous solutions; carbonates; crystal chemistry; crystallization; EDS spectra; ICP mass spectra; isotopes; luminescence; mass spectra; metals; mobilization; neptunium; Np-237; pH; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; remediation; soil pollution; solutes; spectra; sulfates; TEM data; U-238; ultraviolet spectra; uranium; water pollution; X-ray diffraction data; X-ray photoelectron spectra; X-ray spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2014.10.027 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Data, Analytics, and Control in Ultra-Large Scale Systems T2 - 2015 Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS 2015) AN - 1658698917; 6338752 JF - 2015 Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS 2015) AU - Taft, Jeffrey Y1 - 2015/02/12/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Feb 12 KW - Data processing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1658698917?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2015+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Association+for+the+Advancement+of+Science+%28AAAS+2015%29&rft.atitle=Data%2C+Analytics%2C+and+Control+in+Ultra-Large+Scale+Systems&rft.au=Taft%2C+Jeffrey&rft.aulast=Taft&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rft.date=2015-02-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2015+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Association+for+the+Advancement+of+Science+%28AAAS+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aaas.confex.com/aaas/2015/webprogram/meeting2015-02-11.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-02-28 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-27 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Understanding heat and groundwater flow through continental flood basalt provinces; insights gained from alternative models of permeability/depth relationships for the Columbia Plateau, USA AN - 1855316249; 2017-001770 AB - Heat-flow mapping of the western USA has identified an apparent low-heat-flow anomaly coincident with the Columbia Plateau Regional Aquifer System, a thick sequence of basalt aquifers within the Columbia River Basalt Group (CRBG). A heat and mass transport model (SUTRA) was used to evaluate the potential impact of groundwater flow on heat flow along two different regional groundwater flow paths. Limited in situ permeability (k) data from the CRBG are compatible with a steep permeability decrease (approximately 3.5 orders of magnitude) at 600-900 m depth and approximately 40 degrees C. Numerical simulations incorporating this permeability decrease demonstrate that regional groundwater flow can explain lower-than-expected heat flow in these highly anisotropic (k (sub x) /k (sub z) approximately 10 (super 4) ) continental flood basalts. Simulation results indicate that the abrupt reduction in permeability at approximately 600 m depth results in an equivalently abrupt transition from a shallow region where heat flow is affected by groundwater flow to a deeper region of conduction-dominated heat flow. Most existing heat-flow measurements within the CRBG are from shallower than 600 m depth or near regional groundwater discharge zones, so that heat-flow maps generated using these data are likely influenced by groundwater flow. Substantial k decreases at similar temperatures have also been observed in the volcanic rocks of the adjacent Cascade Range volcanic arc and at Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii, where they result from low-temperature hydrothermal alteration. Abstract Copyright (2010), John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. JF - Geofluids (Oxford) AU - Burns, E R AU - Williams, C F AU - Ingebritsen, S E AU - Voss, C I AU - Spane, F A AU - DeAngelo, J Y1 - 2015/02// PY - 2015 DA - February 2015 SP - 120 EP - 138 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford VL - 15 IS - 1-2 SN - 1468-8115, 1468-8115 KW - United States KW - flood basalts KW - volcanic rocks KW - igneous rocks KW - mapping KW - simulation KW - metasomatism KW - ground water KW - Cenozoic KW - thermal anomalies KW - heat flow KW - basalts KW - hydrothermal alteration KW - numerical models KW - connectivity KW - Columbia River Basalt Group KW - fluid flow KW - convection KW - advection KW - Miocene KW - depth KW - boundary conditions KW - aquifers KW - models KW - Tertiary KW - Neogene KW - Columbia Plateau KW - permeability KW - anisotropy KW - 18:Solid-earth geophysics KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1855316249?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geofluids+%28Oxford%29&rft.atitle=Understanding+heat+and+groundwater+flow+through+continental+flood+basalt+provinces%3B+insights+gained+from+alternative+models+of+permeability%2Fdepth+relationships+for+the+Columbia+Plateau%2C+USA&rft.au=Burns%2C+E+R%3BWilliams%2C+C+F%3BIngebritsen%2C+S+E%3BVoss%2C+C+I%3BSpane%2C+F+A%3BDeAngelo%2C+J&rft.aulast=Burns&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2015-02-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=120&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geofluids+%28Oxford%29&rft.issn=14688115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fgfl.12095 L2 - http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/journal.asp?ref=1468-8115 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 58 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - advection; anisotropy; aquifers; basalts; boundary conditions; Cenozoic; Columbia Plateau; Columbia River Basalt Group; connectivity; convection; depth; flood basalts; fluid flow; ground water; heat flow; hydrothermal alteration; igneous rocks; mapping; metasomatism; Miocene; models; Neogene; numerical models; permeability; simulation; Tertiary; thermal anomalies; United States; volcanic rocks DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gfl.12095 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring CO (sub 2) sequestration into deep saline aquifer and associated salt intrusion using coupled multiphase flow modeling and time-lapse electrical resistivity tomography AN - 1722155166; 2015-097583 AB - Successful geological storage and sequestration of carbon dioxide (CO (sub 2) ) require efficient monitoring of the migration of CO (sub 2) plume during and after large-scale injection in order to verify the containment of the injected CO (sub 2) within the target formation and to evaluate potential leakage risk. Field studies have shown that surface and cross-borehole electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) can be a useful tool in imaging and characterizing solute transport in heterogeneous subsurface. In this synthetic study, we have coupled a 3-D multiphase flow model with a parallel 3-D time-lapse ERT inversion code to explore the feasibility of using time-lapse ERT for simultaneously monitoring the migration of CO (sub 2) plume in deep saline formation and potential brine intrusion into shallow fresh water aquifer. Direct comparisons of the inverted CO (sub 2) plumes resulting from ERT with multiphase flow simulation results indicate the ERT could be used to delineate the migration of CO (sub 2) plume. Detailed comparisons on the locations, sizes and shapes of CO (sub 2) plume and intruded brine plumes suggest that ERT inversion tends to underestimate the area review of the CO (sub 2) plume, but overestimate the thickness and total volume of the CO (sub 2) plume. The total volume of intruded brine plumes is overestimated as well. However, all discrepancies remain within reasonable ranges. Our study suggests that time-lapse ERT is a useful monitoring tool in characterizing the movement of injected CO (sub 2) into deep saline aquifer and detecting potential brine intrusion under large-scale field injection conditions. Abstract Copyright (2010), John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. JF - Greenhouse Gases AU - Lu, Chuan AU - Zhang, Chi AU - Hunag, Hai AU - Johnson, Timothy C Y1 - 2015/02// PY - 2015 DA - February 2015 SP - 34 EP - 49 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Sussex VL - 5 IS - 1 KW - solute transport KW - water quality KW - electrical resistivity tomography KW - deep aquifers KW - salt-water intrusion KW - contaminant plumes KW - Archie's law KW - coupling KW - preferential flow KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - transport KW - time-lapse methods KW - saline composition KW - stratigraphy KW - toxic materials KW - monitoring KW - carbon sequestration KW - three-dimensional models KW - injection KW - pollution KW - migration of elements KW - porosity KW - aquifers KW - boreholes KW - brines KW - cap rocks KW - permeability KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1722155166?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Greenhouse+Gases&rft.atitle=Monitoring+CO+%28sub+2%29+sequestration+into+deep+saline+aquifer+and+associated+salt+intrusion+using+coupled+multiphase+flow+modeling+and+time-lapse+electrical+resistivity+tomography&rft.au=Lu%2C+Chuan%3BZhang%2C+Chi%3BHunag%2C+Hai%3BJohnson%2C+Timothy+C&rft.aulast=Lu&rft.aufirst=Chuan&rft.date=2015-02-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=34&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Greenhouse+Gases&rft.issn=2152-3878&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fghg.1437 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%292152-3878 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 32 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; Archie's law; boreholes; brines; cap rocks; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; contaminant plumes; coupling; deep aquifers; electrical resistivity tomography; ground water; injection; migration of elements; monitoring; permeability; pollution; porosity; preferential flow; saline composition; salt-water intrusion; solute transport; stratigraphy; three-dimensional models; time-lapse methods; toxic materials; transport; water quality DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ghg.1437 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Role of vein phases in nanoscale sequestration of U, Nb, Ti, and Pb during the alteration of pyrochlore AN - 1707521268; 2015-083852 AB - Grains of pyrochlore and secondary phases from tailings of Silver Crater Mine in Bancroft, Ontario (Canada) have been studied to understand the alteration processes, redox conditions, and retention of pyrochlore-derived species (U, Ti, Nb, Pb, Ta, REE) in near-field environments. Alteration processes are documented by the formation of two types of co-existing secondary veins associated with primary apatite and calcite: (i) amorphous Fe-rich veins, 46-75 wt.% of FeO, and approximately 500 ppm of UO (sub 2) , and (ii) crystalline calcite-rich veins, found in fractures and penetrating the pyrochlore. Based on electron microprobe analysis (EMPA), the chemical composition of the pyrochlore is: (Ca (sub 0.84) U (sub 0.35) Fe (sub 0.20) Na (sub 0.09) Pb (sub 0.04) Ln (sub 0.04) Mn (sub 0.03) Sr (sub 0.01) Th (sub 0.01) Mg (sub 0.01) ) (sub 1.62) (Nb (sub 1.00) Ti (sub 0.87) Ta (sub 0.10) Si (sub 0.02) ) (sub 2.0) O (sub 6.5) F (sub 0.14) . Elemental mapping revealed that migration of liberated U, Pb, Nb, Ta, Ti, and REE, is confined to the secondary veins of Fe-rich and calcite-rich compositions. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-angle annular dark-field scanning TEM (HAADF-STEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) results showed that pyrochlore contains nanoparticulate inclusions of uraninite, galena, and magnetite, while secondary veins host betafite, magnetite, Pb (super 0) , cerusite, and 10 Aa mica nanoparticles (NPs). Randomly oriented uraninite NPs, 15 nm in size, concentrate around pores, 50-100 nm in size, in the pyrochlore. In the Fe-rich veins, HAADF-STEM images revealed that U, Pb, Nb, and Ti were sequestered in the form of spherical betafite NPs, or =20 years) to atmospheric conditions, pyrochlore and betafite NPs retained <25 wt.% and <6 wt.% of UO (sub 2) , respectively; and no secondary uranyl phases were observed. The alteration of pyrochlore most likely began with metamictization, followed by volume swelling, fracturing and surface interactions with fluids that caused mobilization of major and minor elements. The occurrence of amorphous Fe-rich material on the surface of the pyrochlore suggests that amorphous gels could form in Fe-rich environments as an alteration product of crystalline waste forms. The nano-geochemical complexity of the samples investigated here suggests that there is a significant nano-scale component to the sequestration of actinides during the alteration of natural and likely synthetic materials. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Deditius, Artur P AU - Smith, Frances N AU - Utsunomiya, Satoshi AU - Ewing, Rodney C Y1 - 2015/02/01/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Feb 01 SP - 226 EP - 252 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 150 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - alteration KW - lead KW - electron probe data KW - pyrochlore KW - retention KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - rare earths KW - chemical composition KW - Eh KW - mine waste KW - acid mine drainage KW - secondary minerals KW - Bancroft Ontario KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - electron microscopy data KW - Hastings County Ontario KW - veins KW - X-ray spectra KW - TEM data KW - Ontario KW - EDS spectra KW - EELS KW - niobium KW - Canada KW - titanium KW - metals KW - niobates KW - uranium KW - mobilization KW - Eastern Canada KW - crystal chemistry KW - tailings KW - nanoparticles KW - actinides KW - Silver Crater Mine KW - SEM data KW - electron energy loss spectra KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1707521268?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Role+of+vein+phases+in+nanoscale+sequestration+of+U%2C+Nb%2C+Ti%2C+and+Pb+during+the+alteration+of+pyrochlore&rft.au=Deditius%2C+Artur+P%3BSmith%2C+Frances+N%3BUtsunomiya%2C+Satoshi%3BEwing%2C+Rodney+C&rft.aulast=Deditius&rft.aufirst=Artur&rft.date=2015-02-01&rft.volume=150&rft.issue=&rft.spage=226&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2014.11.024 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 83 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-27 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid mine drainage; actinides; alteration; Bancroft Ontario; Canada; chemical composition; crystal chemistry; Eastern Canada; EDS spectra; EELS; Eh; electron energy loss spectra; electron microscopy data; electron probe data; Hastings County Ontario; lead; metals; mine waste; mobilization; nanoparticles; niobates; niobium; Ontario; oxides; pollutants; pollution; pyrochlore; rare earths; retention; secondary minerals; SEM data; Silver Crater Mine; spectra; tailings; TEM data; titanium; uranium; veins; X-ray spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2014.11.024 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bicarbonate impact on U(VI) bioreduction in a shallow alluvial aquifer AN - 1707520971; 2015-083845 AB - Field-scale biostimulation and desorption tracer experiments conducted in a uranium (U) contaminated, shallow alluvial aquifer have provided insight into the coupling of microbiology, biogeochemistry, and hydrogeology that control U mobility in the subsurface. Initial experiments successfully tested the concept that Fe-reducing bacteria such as Geobacter sp. could enzymatically reduce soluble U(VI) to insoluble U(IV) during in situ electron donor amendment (Anderson et al., 2003; Williams et al., 2011). In parallel, in situ desorption tracer tests using bicarbonate amendment demonstrated rate-limited U(VI) desorption (Fox et al., 2012). These results and prior laboratory studies underscored the importance of enzymatic U(VI)-reduction and suggested the ability to combine desorption and bioreduction of U(VI). Here we report the results of a new field experiment in which bicarbonate-promoted uranium desorption and acetate amendment were combined and compared to an acetate amendment-only experiment in the same experimental plot. Results confirm that bicarbonate amendment to alluvial aquifer sediments desorbs U(VI) and increases the abundance of Ca-uranyl-carbonato complexes. At the same time, the rate of acetate-promoted enzymatic U(VI) reduction was greater in the presence of added bicarbonate in spite of the increased dominance of Ca-uranyl-carbonato aqueous complexes. A model-simulated peak rate of U(VI) reduction was approximately 3.8 times higher during acetate-bicarbonate treatment than under acetate-only conditions. Lack of consistent differences in microbial community structure between acetate-bicarbonate and acetate-only treatments suggest that a significantly higher rate of U(VI) reduction in the bicarbonate-impacted sediment may be due to a higher intrinsic rate of microbial reduction induced by elevated concentrations of the bicarbonate oxyanion. The findings indicate that bicarbonate amendment may be useful in improving the engineered bioremediation of uranium in aquifers. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Long, Phillip E AU - Williams, Kenneth H AU - Davis, James A AU - Fox, Patricia M AU - Wilkins, Michael J AU - Yabusaki, Steven B AU - Fang, Yilin AU - Waichler, Scott R AU - Berman, Elena S F AU - Gupta, Manish AU - Chandler, Darrell P AU - Murray, Chris AU - Peacock, Aaron D AU - Giloteaux, Ludovic AU - Handley, Kim M AU - Lovley, Derek R AU - Banfield, Jillian F Y1 - 2015/02/01/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Feb 01 SP - 106 EP - 124 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 150 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - desorption KW - Geobacter KW - Garfield County Colorado KW - isotopes KW - aqueous solutions KW - simulation KW - stable isotopes KW - reservoir rocks KW - remediation KW - Rifle Colorado KW - reactivity KW - transport KW - tracers KW - sediments KW - reduction KW - water pollution KW - experimental studies KW - clastic sediments KW - pollutants KW - isotope ratios KW - biochemistry KW - injection KW - uranyl ion KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - bicarbonate ion KW - aquifers KW - models KW - biogenic processes KW - D/H KW - metals KW - hydrogen KW - bacteria KW - shallow aquifers KW - alluvium KW - uranium KW - mobilization KW - Colorado KW - water wells KW - actinides KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1707520971?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Bicarbonate+impact+on+U%28VI%29+bioreduction+in+a+shallow+alluvial+aquifer&rft.au=Long%2C+Phillip+E%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth+H%3BDavis%2C+James+A%3BFox%2C+Patricia+M%3BWilkins%2C+Michael+J%3BYabusaki%2C+Steven+B%3BFang%2C+Yilin%3BWaichler%2C+Scott+R%3BBerman%2C+Elena+S+F%3BGupta%2C+Manish%3BChandler%2C+Darrell+P%3BMurray%2C+Chris%3BPeacock%2C+Aaron+D%3BGiloteaux%2C+Ludovic%3BHandley%2C+Kim+M%3BLovley%2C+Derek+R%3BBanfield%2C+Jillian+F&rft.aulast=Long&rft.aufirst=Phillip&rft.date=2015-02-01&rft.volume=150&rft.issue=&rft.spage=106&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2014.11.013 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 90 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-27 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; alluvium; aqueous solutions; aquifers; bacteria; bicarbonate ion; biochemistry; biogenic processes; bioremediation; clastic sediments; Colorado; D/H; desorption; experimental studies; Garfield County Colorado; Geobacter; hydrogen; injection; isotope ratios; isotopes; metals; mobilization; models; pollutants; pollution; reactivity; reduction; remediation; reservoir rocks; Rifle Colorado; sediments; shallow aquifers; simulation; solute transport; stable isotopes; tracers; transport; United States; uranium; uranyl ion; water pollution; water wells DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2014.11.013 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - RADIATION SAFETY OF SEALED RADIOACTIVE SOURCES AN - 1668254740; PQ0001237866 AB - Sealed radioactive sources are used in a wide variety of occupational settings and under differing regulatory/licensing structures. The definition of a sealed radioactive source varies between U.S. regulatory authorities and standard-setting organizations. Potential problems with sealed sources cover a range of risks and impacts. The National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements has previously provided recommendations on select aspects of sealed source programs. Future efforts to provide recommendations for sealed source programs are discussed. JF - Health Physics AU - Pryor, Kathryn H AD - Radiation Protection Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MSIN J2-40, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, WA 99352, kathy.pryor@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2015/02// PY - 2015 DA - Feb 2015 SP - 172 EP - 177 PB - Williams & Wilkins, 351 W. Camden St. Baltimore MD 21201 United States VL - 108 IS - 2 SN - 0017-9078, 0017-9078 KW - Risk Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements KW - exposure, radiation KW - radioactive materials KW - occupational safety KW - Radiation KW - Licensing KW - Councils KW - R2 23020:Technological risks KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1668254740?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+Physics&rft.atitle=RADIATION+SAFETY+OF+SEALED+RADIOACTIVE+SOURCES&rft.au=Pryor%2C+Kathryn+H&rft.aulast=Pryor&rft.aufirst=Kathryn&rft.date=2015-02-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=172&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+Physics&rft.issn=00179078&rft_id=info:doi/10.1097%2FHP.0000000000000225 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Radiation; Licensing; Councils DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/HP.0000000000000225 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pore-scale and multiscale numerical simulation of flow and transport in a laboratory-scale column AN - 1668244802; PQ0001282053 AB - Pore-scale models are useful for studying relationships between fundamental processes and phenomena at larger (i.e., Darcy) scales. However, the size of domains that can be simulated with explicit pore-scale resolution is limited by computational and observational constraints. Direct numerical simulation of pore-scale flow and transport is typically performed on millimeter-scale volumes at which X-ray computed tomography (XCT), often used to characterize pore geometry, can achieve micrometer resolution. In contrast, laboratory experiments that measure continuum properties are typically performed on decimeter-scale columns. At this scale, XCT resolution is coarse (tens to hundreds of micrometers) and prohibits characterization of small pores and grains. We performed simulations of pore-scale processes over a decimeter-scale volume of natural porous media with a wide range of grain sizes, and compared to results of column experiments using the same sample. Simulations were conducted using high-performance codes executed on a supercomputer. Two approaches to XCT image segmentation were evaluated, a binary (pores and solids) segmentation and a ternary segmentation that resolved a third category (porous solids with pores smaller than the imaged resolution). We used a multiscale Stokes-Darcy simulation method to simulate the combination of Stokes flow in large open pores and Darcy-like flow in porous solid regions. Flow and transport simulations based on the binary segmentation were inconsistent with experimental observations because of overestimation of large connected pores. Simulations based on the ternary segmentation provided results that were consistent with experimental observations, demonstrating our ability to successfully model pore-scale flow over a column-scale domain. Key Points: * We successfully simulated pore-scale flow over a column-scale domain * Simulation results matched experimental observations well * Segmentation of X-ray image data is a critical step in accurate simulation JF - Water Resources Research AU - Scheibe, Timothy D AU - Perkins, William A AU - Richmond, Marshall C AU - McKinley, Matthew I AU - Romero-Gomez, Pedro DJ AU - Oostrom, Mart AU - Wietsma, Thomas W AU - Serkowski, John A AU - Zachara, John M AD - Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA. Y1 - 2015/02// PY - 2015 DA - February 2015 SP - 1023 EP - 1035 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ United States VL - 51 IS - 2 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Particle Size KW - Water resources KW - Volume transport KW - Observation Wells KW - Numerical analysis KW - X-rays KW - Grain size KW - Laboratory experiments KW - Porous Media KW - Laboratories KW - Groundwater flow KW - Solids KW - Model Studies KW - Pores KW - Numerical simulations KW - Water resources research KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - Q2 09102:Institutes and organizations KW - M2 556.18:Water Management (556.18) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1668244802?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Pore-scale+and+multiscale+numerical+simulation+of+flow+and+transport+in+a+laboratory-scale+column&rft.au=Scheibe%2C+Timothy+D%3BPerkins%2C+William+A%3BRichmond%2C+Marshall+C%3BMcKinley%2C+Matthew+I%3BRomero-Gomez%2C+Pedro+DJ%3BOostrom%2C+Mart%3BWietsma%2C+Thomas+W%3BSerkowski%2C+John+A%3BZachara%2C+John+M&rft.aulast=Scheibe&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft.date=2015-02-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=1023&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2014WR015959 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Numerical analysis; Grain size; Water resources; Volume transport; Numerical simulations; Groundwater flow; Water resources research; Laboratory experiments; Observation Wells; X-rays; Pores; Porous Media; Particle Size; Laboratories; Solids; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014WR015959 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Intracellular accumulation dynamics and fate of zinc ions in alveolar epithelial cells exposed to airborne ZnO nanoparticles at the air-liquid interface. AN - 1665124482; 24289294 AB - Airborne nanoparticles (NPs) that enter the respiratory tract are likely to reach the alveolar region. Accumulating observations support a role for zinc oxide (ZnO) NP dissolution in toxicity, but the majority of in-vitro studies were conducted in cells exposed to NPs in growth media, where large doses of dissolved ions are shed into the exposure solution. To determine the precise intracellular accumulation dynamics and fate of zinc ions (Zn(2+)) shed by airborne NPs in the cellular environment, we exposed alveolar epithelial cells to aerosolized NPs at the air-liquid interface (ALI). Using a fluorescent indicator for Zn(2+), together with organelle-specific fluorescent proteins, we quantified Zn(2+) in single cells and organelles over time. We found that at the ALI, intracellular Zn(2+) values peaked 3 h post exposure and decayed to normal values by 12 h, while in submerged cultures, intracellular Zn(2+) values continued to increase over time. The lowest toxic NP dose at the ALI generated peak intracellular Zn(2+) values that were nearly three-folds lower than the peak values generated by the lowest toxic dose of NPs in submerged cultures, and eight-folds lower than the peak values generated by the lowest toxic dose of ZnSO4 or Zn(2+). At the ALI, the majority of intracellular Zn(2+) was found in endosomes and lysosomes as early as 1 h post exposure. In contrast, the majority of intracellular Zn(2+) following exposures to ZnSO4 was found in other larger vesicles, with less than 10% in endosomes and lysosomes. Together, our observations indicate that low but critical levels of intracellular Zn(2+) have to be reached, concentrated specifically in endosomes and lysosomes, for toxicity to occur, and point to the focal dissolution of the NPs in the cellular environment and the accumulation of the ions specifically in endosomes and lysosomes as the processes underlying the potent toxicity of airborne ZnO NPs. JF - Nanotoxicology AU - Mihai, Cosmin AU - Chrisler, William B AU - Xie, Yumei AU - Hu, Dehong AU - Szymanski, Craig J AU - Tolic, Ana AU - Klein, Jessica A AU - Smith, Jordan N AU - Tarasevich, Barbara J AU - Orr, Galya AD - Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory . Y1 - 2015/02// PY - 2015 DA - February 2015 SP - 9 EP - 22 VL - 9 IS - 1 KW - Zinc KW - J41CSQ7QDS KW - Zinc Oxide KW - SOI2LOH54Z KW - Index Medicus KW - FluoZin-3 KW - endosomes KW - air–liquid interface KW - intracellular Zn2+ KW - lysosomes KW - Airborne nanoparticles KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Oxidative Stress -- drug effects KW - Cell Culture Techniques KW - Mice KW - Cell Line KW - Metal Nanoparticles -- administration & dosage KW - Metal Nanoparticles -- chemistry KW - Metal Nanoparticles -- toxicity KW - Intracellular Space -- metabolism KW - Zinc -- toxicity KW - Zinc -- pharmacokinetics KW - Zinc Oxide -- chemistry KW - Zinc -- chemistry KW - Zinc Oxide -- pharmacokinetics KW - Epithelial Cells -- metabolism KW - Zinc -- analysis KW - Epithelial Cells -- chemistry KW - Epithelial Cells -- drug effects KW - Intracellular Space -- drug effects KW - Pulmonary Alveoli -- metabolism KW - Inhalation Exposure -- analysis KW - Zinc Oxide -- toxicity KW - Pulmonary Alveoli -- cytology KW - Pulmonary Alveoli -- drug effects KW - Zinc Oxide -- administration & dosage KW - Intracellular Space -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1665124482?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nanotoxicology&rft.atitle=Intracellular+accumulation+dynamics+and+fate+of+zinc+ions+in+alveolar+epithelial+cells+exposed+to+airborne+ZnO+nanoparticles+at+the+air-liquid+interface.&rft.au=Mihai%2C+Cosmin%3BChrisler%2C+William+B%3BXie%2C+Yumei%3BHu%2C+Dehong%3BSzymanski%2C+Craig+J%3BTolic%2C+Ana%3BKlein%2C+Jessica+A%3BSmith%2C+Jordan+N%3BTarasevich%2C+Barbara+J%3BOrr%2C+Galya&rft.aulast=Mihai&rft.aufirst=Cosmin&rft.date=2015-02-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=9&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nanotoxicology&rft.issn=1743-5404&rft_id=info:doi/10.3109%2F17435390.2013.859319 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-12-28 N1 - Date created - 2015-03-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2009 Feb 27;380(1):198-203 [19171119] ACS Nano. 2009 Feb 24;3(2):279-90 [19236062] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2009 Apr 15;236(2):210-20 [19371605] Small. 2009 Aug 17;5(16):1897-910 [19437466] J Biol Chem. 2006 Aug 25;281(34):24085-9 [16793761] Trends Immunol. 2007 Jan;28(1):1-4 [17126599] J Biol Chem. 2007 Mar 30;282(13):9914-22 [17213192] Toxicol Sci. 2007 May;97(1):163-80 [17301066] Arch Biochem Biophys. 2007 Jul 15;463(2):201-10 [17462582] J Am Chem Soc. 2007 Sep 5;129(35):10911-21 [17696343] Environ Sci Technol. 2007 Dec 15;41(24):8484-90 [18200883] Inhal Toxicol. 2008 Jan;20(1):53-62 [18236223] J Neurosci. 2008 Mar 19;28(12):3114-22 [18354014] Chem Res Toxicol. 2008 Sep;21(9):1726-32 [18710264] ACS Nano. 2007 Dec;1(5):463-75 [19206668] ACS Nano. 2008 Oct 28;2(10):2121-34 [19206459] Environ Sci Technol. 2009 Aug 1;43(15):6046-51 [19731716] Environ Sci Technol. 2009 Oct 15;43(20):7939-45 [19921917] Chem Res Toxicol. 2009 Aug;22(8):1415-26 [19630433] ACS Nano. 2010 Jan 26;4(1):15-29 [20043640] Toxicol In Vitro. 2010 Feb;24(1):45-55 [19755143] Chem Res Toxicol. 2010 Apr 19;23(4):733-9 [20155942] Environ Health Perspect. 2010 Jul;118(7):982-7 [20194077] Part Fibre Toxicol. 2010;7:28 [20920331] Mol Brain. 2010;3(1):30 [20974010] Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2010 Dec 1;182(11):1398-409 [20639441] Environ Health Perspect. 2010 Dec;118(12):1699-706 [20729176] Sci Total Environ. 2011 Mar 1;409(7):1219-28 [21255821] ACS Nano. 2011 Feb 22;5(2):1223-35 [21250651] Part Fibre Toxicol. 2011;8:27 [21896169] Environ Sci Technol. 2011 Oct 15;45(20):9003-8 [21950450] Biochem J. 2012 Jan 15;441(2):579-90 [21955321] Nanotoxicology. 2012 Feb;6(1):22-35 [21332300] Toxicol Sci. 2012 Feb;125(2):450-61 [21964423] Toxicol Sci. 2012 Apr;126(2):469-77 [22240982] Apoptosis. 2012 Aug;17(8):852-70 [22395444] ACS Nano. 2012 Jun 26;6(6):4921-30 [22646753] Chem Res Toxicol. 2012 Dec 17;25(12):2687-703 [23116259] Environ Toxicol. 2013 Feb;28(2):61-75 [21384495] Nanotoxicology. 2013 Jun;7(4):402-16 [22394310] Environ Health Perspect. 2013 Jun;121(6):683-90 [23649538] Apoptosis. 2010 May;15(5):527-40 [20077016] Biometals. 2001 Sep-Dec;14(3-4):271-313 [11831461] Eur J Biochem. 1983 Dec 15;137(3):391-7 [6319122] J Investig Med. 1995 Aug;43(4):371-8 [7552586] Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jul;113(7):823-39 [16002369] Nat Rev Cancer. 2005 Nov;5(11):886-97 [16239905] Biochim Biophys Acta. 2006 Jul;1763(7):711-22 [16675045] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/17435390.2013.859319 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Controlling Porosity in Lignin-Derived Nanoporous Carbon for Supercapacitor Applications AN - 1660395461; PQ0001008830 AB - Invited for this month's cover is a group of collaborators led by Satish Nune at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. The image shows the path to renewable energy storage using high surface area carbons derived from low-cost renewable lignin. The Communication itself is available at . "This work provides a significant advancement to the development of high surface area carbons with controlled porosity...[script capital H]" This and more about the story behind the research that inspired the cover image can be found on page422 (). View the Front Cover on page411 (). JF - ChemSusChem AU - Jeon, Ju-Won AU - Zhang, Libing AU - Lutkenhaus, Jodie L AU - Laskar, Dhrubojyoti D AU - Lemmon, John P AU - Choi, Daiwon AU - Nandasiri, Manjula I AU - Hashmi, Ali AU - Xu, Jie AU - Motkuri, Radha K AU - Fernandez, Carlos A AU - Liu, Jian AU - Tucker, Melvin P AU - McGrail, Peter B AU - Yang, Bin AU - Nune, Satish K AD - Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, WA 99354 (USA). Y1 - 2015/02// PY - 2015 DA - Feb 2015 SP - 411 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD United Kingdom VL - 8 IS - 3 SN - 1864-5631, 1864-5631 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Storage KW - Communications KW - Surface area KW - Renewable energy KW - Porosity KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1660395461?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ChemSusChem&rft.atitle=Controlling+Porosity+in+Lignin-Derived+Nanoporous+Carbon+for+Supercapacitor+Applications&rft.au=Jeon%2C+Ju-Won%3BZhang%2C+Libing%3BLutkenhaus%2C+Jodie+L%3BLaskar%2C+Dhrubojyoti+D%3BLemmon%2C+John+P%3BChoi%2C+Daiwon%3BNandasiri%2C+Manjula+I%3BHashmi%2C+Ali%3BXu%2C+Jie%3BMotkuri%2C+Radha+K%3BFernandez%2C+Carlos+A%3BLiu%2C+Jian%3BTucker%2C+Melvin+P%3BMcGrail%2C+Peter+B%3BYang%2C+Bin%3BNune%2C+Satish+K&rft.aulast=Jeon&rft.aufirst=Ju-Won&rft.date=2015-02-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=411&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ChemSusChem&rft.issn=18645631&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fcssc.201403347 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Storage; Communications; Renewable energy; Surface area; Porosity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cssc.201403347 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transport of U(VI) through sediments amended with phosphate to induce in situ uranium immobilization. AN - 1652438750; 25497429 AB - Phosphate amendments can be added to U(VI)-contaminated subsurface environments to promote in situ remediation. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the impacts of phosphate addition on the transport of U(VI) through contaminated sediments. In batch experiments using sediments (<2 mm size fraction) from a site in Rifle, Colorado, U(VI) only weakly adsorbed due to the dominance of the aqueous speciation by Ca-U(VI)-carbonate complexes. Column experiments with these sediments were performed with flow rates that correspond to a groundwater velocity of 1.1 m/day. In the absence of phosphate, the sediments took up 1.68-1.98 μg U/g of sediments when the synthetic groundwater influent contained 4 μM U(VI). When U(VI)-free influents were then introduced with and without phosphate, substantially more uranium was retained within the column when phosphate was present in the influent. Sequential extractions of sediments from the columns revealed that uranium was uniformly distributed along the length of the columns and was primarily in forms that could be extracted by ion exchange and contact with a weak acid. Laser induced fluorescence spectroscopy (LIFS) analysis along with sequential extraction results suggest adsorption as the dominant uranium uptake mechanism. The response of dissolved uranium concentrations to stopped-flow events and the comparison of experimental data with simulations from a simple reactive transport model indicated that uranium adsorption to and desorption from the sediments was not always at local equilibrium. JF - Water research AU - Mehta, Vrajesh S AU - Maillot, Fabien AU - Wang, Zheming AU - Catalano, Jeffrey G AU - Giammar, Daniel E AD - Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA. ; Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA. ; Department of Fundamental and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA. ; Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA. Electronic address: giammar@wustl.edu. Y1 - 2015/02/01/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Feb 01 SP - 307 EP - 317 VL - 69 KW - Bromides KW - 0 KW - Phosphates KW - Uranium KW - 4OC371KSTK KW - Index Medicus KW - In situ immobilization KW - Phosphate KW - Sequential extractions KW - Reactive transport KW - CXTFIT KW - Spectrometry, Fluorescence KW - Bromides -- chemistry KW - Adsorption KW - Lasers KW - Batch Cell Culture Techniques KW - Geologic Sediments -- chemistry KW - Phosphates -- chemistry KW - Uranium -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1652438750?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+research&rft.atitle=Transport+of+U%28VI%29+through+sediments+amended+with+phosphate+to+induce+in+situ+uranium+immobilization.&rft.au=Mehta%2C+Vrajesh+S%3BMaillot%2C+Fabien%3BWang%2C+Zheming%3BCatalano%2C+Jeffrey+G%3BGiammar%2C+Daniel+E&rft.aulast=Mehta&rft.aufirst=Vrajesh&rft.date=2015-02-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=&rft.spage=307&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+research&rft.issn=1879-2448&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.watres.2014.11.044 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-10-07 N1 - Date created - 2015-01-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2014.11.044 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Human in Vivo Pharmacokinetics of [(14)C]Dibenzo[def,p]chrysene by Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Following Oral Microdosing. AN - 1736414829; 25418912 AB - Dibenzo(def,p)chrysene (DBC), (also known as dibenzo[a,l]pyrene), is a high molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) found in the environment, including food, produced by the incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons. DBC, classified by IARC as a 2A probable human carcinogen, has a relative potency factor (RPF) in animal cancer models 30-fold higher than benzo[a]pyrene. No data are available describing the disposition of high molecular weight (>4 rings) PAHs in humans to compare to animal studies. Pharmacokinetics of DBC was determined in 3 female and 6 male human volunteers following oral microdosing (29 ng, 5 nCi) of [(14)C]-DBC. This study was made possible with highly sensitive accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS), capable of detecting [(14)C]-DBC equivalents in plasma and urine following a dose considered of de minimus risk to human health. Plasma and urine were collected over 72 h. The plasma Cmax was 68.8 ± 44.3 fg·mL(-1) with a Tmax of 2.25 ± 1.04 h. Elimination occurred in two distinct phases: a rapid (α)-phase, with a T1/2 of 5.8 ± 3.4 h and an apparent elimination rate constant (Kel) of 0.17 ± 0.12 fg·h(-1), followed by a slower (β)-phase, with a T1/2 of 41.3 ± 29.8 h and an apparent Kel of 0.03 ± 0.02 fg·h(-1). In spite of the high degree of hydrophobicity (log Kow of 7.4), DBC was eliminated rapidly in humans, as are most PAHs in animals, compared to other hydrophobic persistent organic pollutants such as, DDT, PCBs and TCDD. Preliminary examination utilizing a new UHPLC-AMS interface, suggests the presence of polar metabolites in plasma as early as 45 min following dosing. This is the first in vivo data set describing pharmacokinetics in humans of a high molecular weight PAH and should be a valuable addition to risk assessment paradigms. JF - Chemical research in toxicology AU - Madeen, Erin AU - Corley, Richard A AU - Crowell, Susan AU - Turteltaub, Kenneth AU - Ognibene, Ted AU - Malfatti, Mike AU - McQuistan, Tammie J AU - Garrard, Mary AU - Sudakin, Dan AU - Williams, David E AD - Systems Toxicology & Exposure Science, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland, Washington 99354, United States. ; Biology and Biotechnology Research Division, and ¶the Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory , Livermore, California 94550, United States. Y1 - 2015/01/20/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Jan 20 SP - 126 EP - 134 VL - 28 IS - 1 KW - Benzopyrenes KW - 0 KW - Carcinogens KW - dibenzo(a,l)pyrene KW - G3X629VE4A KW - Index Medicus KW - Administration, Oral KW - Young Adult KW - Mass Spectrometry KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Aged KW - Middle Aged KW - Male KW - Female KW - Carcinogens -- administration & dosage KW - Carcinogens -- pharmacokinetics KW - Benzopyrenes -- pharmacokinetics KW - Benzopyrenes -- administration & dosage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1736414829?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+research+in+toxicology&rft.atitle=Human+in+Vivo+Pharmacokinetics+of+%5B%2814%29C%5DDibenzo%5Bdef%2Cp%5Dchrysene+by+Accelerator+Mass+Spectrometry+Following+Oral+Microdosing.&rft.au=Madeen%2C+Erin%3BCorley%2C+Richard+A%3BCrowell%2C+Susan%3BTurteltaub%2C+Kenneth%3BOgnibene%2C+Ted%3BMalfatti%2C+Mike%3BMcQuistan%2C+Tammie+J%3BGarrard%2C+Mary%3BSudakin%2C+Dan%3BWilliams%2C+David+E&rft.aulast=Madeen&rft.aufirst=Erin&rft.date=2015-01-20&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=126&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+research+in+toxicology&rft.issn=1520-5010&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Ftx5003996 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-09-12 N1 - Date created - 2015-11-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Mutat Res. 2000 Dec 20;472(1-2):119-27 [11113704] Gut. 1999 Jul;45 Suppl 1:I18-22 [10457031] Cancer Lett. 1999 Sep 1;143(2):161-5 [10503897] Environ Mol Mutagen. 2005 Mar-Apr;45(2-3):106-14 [15688365] Mass Spectrom Rev. 2006 Jan-Feb;25(1):127-45 [16059873] Cancer Res. 2006 Jan 15;66(2):755-62 [16424006] Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 2006 Aug;21(4):257-76 [16946553] Carcinogenesis. 2006 Oct;27(10):2116-23 [16704990] Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2008 Mar;5(1):41-8 [18441404] Carcinogenesis. 2008 Aug;29(8):1581-6 [18635525] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2008 Dec 15;233(3):454-8 [18848954] Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2008 Jul;1(2):128-34 [19138945] Carcinogenesis. 2009 Feb;30(2):315-20 [19073876] Chem Res Toxicol. 2010 May 17;23(5):900-8 [20369855] Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2009 Dec;2(12):1015-22 [19952359] Bioanalysis. 2010 Mar;2(3):441-54 [21083254] Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2011 Jun 19;63(7):518-31 [21047543] J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2011 Jul;338(1):353-61 [21515812] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2011 Dec 15;257(3):365-76 [22001385] Cancer Lett. 2012 Apr 1;317(1):49-55 [22085489] Chem Res Toxicol. 2012 Mar 19;25(3):513-31 [22309195] J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2012 Sep;342(3):750-60 [22674470] Biomarkers. 2013 Mar;18(2):144-50 [23336104] Environ Int. 2013 Apr;54:11-7 [23376598] Anal Chem. 2013 Apr 2;85(7):3644-50 [23413773] Toxicol Sci. 2013 Sep;135(1):48-62 [23744095] Toxicol Lett. 2014 Jul 3;228(1):48-55 [24769260] Food Chem Toxicol. 2001 May;39(5):423-36 [11313108] Environ Mol Mutagen. 2003;41(2):131-9 [12605383] Anal Chem. 2003 May 1;75(9):2192-6 [12720362] J Nutr. 2004 Aug;134(8):2011-4 [15284391] J Environ Pathol Toxicol. 1981 Sep;5(1):1-364 [7310260] Cancer Lett. 1984 Dec;25(2):195-201 [6509438] Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 1986 Sep;64(9):1214-8 [3096546] Toxicol Ind Health. 1991 May;7(3):141-57 [1949056] Food Addit Contam. 1991 Jul-Aug;8(4):517-30 [1806403] Phys Med Biol. 1997 Feb;42(2):407-13 [9044422] Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 1997 Mar;75(3):185-92 [9164700] Drug Metab Dispos. 1998 Aug;26(8):825-8 [9698300] Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 1999 Jun;8(6):507-12 [10385140] Cancer Lett. 1999 Sep 1;143(2):135-8 [10503892] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/tx5003996 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multi-haem cytochromes in Shewanella oneidensis MR-1: structures, functions and opportunities AN - 1827882261; PQ0003457854 AB - Multi-haem cytochromes are employed by a range of microorganisms to transport electrons over distances of up to tens of nanometres. Perhaps the most spectacular utilization of these proteins is in the reduction of extracellular solid substrates, including electrodes and insoluble mineral oxides of Fe(III) and Mn(III/IV), by species of Shewanella and Geobacter. However, multi-haem cytochromes are found in numerous and phylogenetically diverse prokaryotes where they participate in electron transfer and redox catalysis that contributes to biogeochemical cycling of N, S and Fe on the global scale. These properties of multi-haem cytochromes have attracted much interest and contributed to advances in bioenergy applications and bioremediation of contaminated soils. Looking forward, there are opportunities to engage multi-haem cytochromes for biological photovoltaic cells, microbial electrosynthesis and developing bespoke molecular devices. As a consequence, it is timely to review our present understanding of these proteins and we do this here with a focus on the multitude of functionally diverse multi-haem cytochromes in Shewanella oneidensis MR-1. We draw on findings from experimental and computational approaches which ideally complement each other in the study of these systems: computational methods can interpret experimentally determined properties in terms of molecular structure to cast light on the relation between structure and function. We show how this synergy has contributed to our understanding of multi-haem cytochromes and can be expected to continue to do so for greater insight into natural processes and their informed exploitation in biotechnologies. JF - Journal of the Royal Society of London Interface AU - Breuer, Marian AU - Rosso, Kevin M AU - Blumberger, Jochen AU - Butt, Julea N AD - Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, , London WC1E 6BT, UK, kevin.rosso@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2015/01/06/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Jan 06 SP - 20141117 PB - Royal Society of London, 6 Carlton House Terrace London SW1Y 5AG United Kingdom VL - 12 IS - 102 SN - 1742-5689, 1742-5689 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - respiration KW - cytochrome KW - haem KW - electron transfer KW - Marcus theory KW - redox potential KW - Molecular structure KW - Cytochromes KW - Bioremediation KW - Geobacter KW - Electron transfer KW - Structure-function relationships KW - Shewanella oneidensis KW - oxides KW - Prokaryotes KW - Phylogeny KW - Biogeochemistry KW - Soil contamination KW - Computer applications KW - Light effects KW - Soil pollution KW - Cytochrome KW - Solar cells KW - Reviews KW - Electrodes KW - Microorganisms KW - Proteins KW - Exploitation KW - Minerals KW - Biofuels KW - Catalysis KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - J 02450:Ecology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1827882261?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Royal+Society+of+London+Interface&rft.atitle=Multi-haem+cytochromes+in+Shewanella+oneidensis+MR-1%3A+structures%2C+functions+and+opportunities&rft.au=Breuer%2C+Marian%3BRosso%2C+Kevin+M%3BBlumberger%2C+Jochen%3BButt%2C+Julea+N&rft.aulast=Breuer&rft.aufirst=Marian&rft.date=2015-01-06&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=102&rft.spage=20141117&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Royal+Society+of+London+Interface&rft.issn=17425689&rft_id=info:doi/10.1098%2Frsif.2014.1117 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-26 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Phylogeny; Cytochromes; Bioremediation; Computer applications; Electron transfer; Light effects; Soil pollution; Structure-function relationships; Reviews; Electrodes; Microorganisms; oxides; Prokaryotes; Minerals; Catalysis; Molecular structure; Cytochrome; Biogeochemistry; Solar cells; Proteins; Exploitation; Soil contamination; Biofuels; Geobacter; Shewanella oneidensis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2014.1117 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of numerically stable methods for implementation of a double porosity model with first-order reaction terms AN - 1855316092; 2017-001637 AB - The influence of barometric cycling on gas transport through complex media can be described using a double porosity model. Here vertical channels simulate the effect of cracks that pass through homogeneous regions of media. The cracks are coupled to the atmosphere and act as boundaries for the sections of homogeneous media. Convection-diffusion models are then used to simulate gas transport through the coupled system. This approach has been used to model soil aeration, subsurface movement of volatile compounds, and the migration of gases to the surface after below ground nuclear detonations. In the present work, we describe four stable numerical methods that can be used to implement the double porosity model when first-order reactions produce and consume the gaseous species of interest. We find that all four methods satisfy analytical crosschecks and agree to at least seven digits of precision. An iterative solver based on Newton's method is found to be optimal as it is easily scalable to 3-D models and to multithreaded execution. Copyright 2014 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht JF - Transport in Porous Media AU - Lowrey, J D AU - Osborne, A G AU - Biegalski, S R AU - Deinert, M R Y1 - 2015/01// PY - 2015 DA - January 2015 SP - 33 EP - 45 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 106 IS - 1 SN - 0169-3913, 0169-3913 KW - isotopes KW - finite difference analysis KW - simulation KW - radioactive isotopes KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - noble gases KW - nuclear explosions KW - boundary layer KW - migration KW - diffusion KW - monitoring KW - numerical models KW - three-dimensional models KW - explosions KW - cyclic processes KW - fluid flow KW - atmosphere KW - convection KW - porosity KW - depth KW - gases KW - volatiles KW - cracks KW - diagenesis KW - 19:Seismology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1855316092?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+numerically+stable+methods+for+implementation+of+a+double+porosity+model+with+first-order+reaction+terms&rft.au=Lowrey%2C+J+D%3BOsborne%2C+A+G%3BBiegalski%2C+S+R%3BDeinert%2C+M+R&rft.aulast=Lowrey&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=33&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.issn=01693913&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11242-014-0389-1 L2 - http://springerlink.metapress.com/(l4tqdq55jga2hgb0achos1qm)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100342,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - SuppNotes - Based on Publisher-supplied data N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmosphere; boundary layer; chemical reactions; convection; cracks; cyclic processes; depth; diagenesis; diffusion; explosions; finite difference analysis; fluid flow; gases; isotopes; migration; monitoring; noble gases; nuclear explosions; numerical models; porosity; radioactive isotopes; simulation; three-dimensional models; transport; volatiles DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11242-014-0389-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A comprehensive laboratory study on the immersion freezing behavior of illite NX particles; a comparison of 17 ice nucleation measurement techniques AN - 1849301230; 2016-108486 AB - Immersion freezing is the most relevant heterogeneous ice nucleation mechanism through which ice crystals are formed in mixed-phase clouds. In recent years, an increasing number of laboratory experiments utilizing a variety of instruments have examined immersion freezing activity of atmospherically relevant ice-nucleating particles. However, an intercomparison of these laboratory results is a difficult task because investigators have used different ice nucleation (IN) measurement methods to produce these results. A remaining challenge is to explore the sensitivity and accuracy of these techniques and to understand how the IN results are potentially influenced or biased by experimental parameters associated with these techniques. Within the framework of INUIT (Ice Nuclei Research Unit), we distributed an illite-rich sample (illite NX) as a representative surrogate for atmospheric mineral dust particles to investigators to perform immersion freezing experiments using different IN measurement methods and to obtain IN data as a function of particle concentration, temperature (T), cooling rate and nucleation time. A total of 17 measurement methods were involved in the data intercomparison. Experiments with seven instruments started with the test sample pre-suspended in water before cooling, while 10 other instruments employed water vapor condensation onto dry-dispersed particles followed by immersion freezing. The resulting comprehensive immersion freezing data set was evaluated using the ice nucleation active surface-site density, n (sub s) , to develop a representative n (sub s) (T) spectrum that spans a wide temperature range (-37 degrees C < T < -11 degrees C) and covers 9 orders of magnitude in n (sub s) . In general, the 17 immersion freezing measurement techniques deviate, within a range of about 8 degrees C in terms of temperature, by 3 orders of magnitude with respect to n (sub s) . In addition, we show evidence that the immersion freezing efficiency expressed in n (sub s) of illite NX particles is relatively independent of droplet size, particle mass in suspension, particle size and cooling rate during freezing. A strong temperature dependence and weak time and size dependence of the immersion freezing efficiency of illite-rich clay mineral particles enabled the n (sub s) parameterization solely as a function of temperature. We also characterized the n (sub s) (T) spectra and identified a section with a steep slope between -20 and -27 degrees C, where a large fraction of active sites of our test dust may trigger immersion freezing. This slope was followed by a region with a gentler slope at temperatures below -27 degrees C. While the agreement between different instruments was reasonable below approximately -27 degrees C, there seemed to be a different trend in the temperature-dependent ice nucleation activity from the suspension and dry-dispersed particle measurements for this mineral dust, in particular at higher temperatures. For instance, the ice nucleation activity expressed in n (sub s) was smaller for the average of the wet suspended samples and higher for the average of the dry-dispersed aerosol samples between about -27 and -18 degrees C. Only instruments making measurements with wet suspended samples were able to measure ice nucleation above -18 degrees C. A possible explanation for the deviation between -27 and -18 degrees C is discussed. Multiple exponential distribution fits in both linear and log space for both specific surface area-based n (sub s) (T) and geometric surface area-based n (sub s) (T) are provided. These new fits, constrained by using identical reference samples, will help to compare IN measurement methods that are not included in the present study and IN data from future IN instruments. JF - Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics AU - Hiranuma, N AU - Augustin-Bauditz, S AU - Bingemer, H AU - Budke, C AU - Curtius, J AU - Danielczok, A AU - Diehl, K AU - Dreischmeier, K AU - Ebert, M AU - Frank, F AU - Hoffmann, N AU - Kandler, K AU - Kiselev, A AU - Koop, T AU - Leisner, T AU - Moehler, O AU - Nillius, B AU - Peckhaus, A AU - Rose, D AU - Weinbruch, S AU - Wex, H AU - Boose, Y AU - DeMott, P J AU - Hader, J D AU - Hill, T C J AU - Kanji, Z A AU - Kulkarni, G AU - Levin, E J T AU - McCluskey, C S AU - Murakami, M AU - Murray, B J AU - Niedermeier, D AU - Petters, M D AU - O'Sullivan, D AU - Saito, A AU - Schill, G P AU - Tajiri, T AU - Tolbert, Margaret A AU - Welti, A AU - Whale, T F AU - Wright, T P AU - Yamashita, K Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 2489 EP - 2518 PB - Copernicus, Katlenburg-Lindau VL - 15 IS - 5 SN - 1680-7316, 1680-7316 KW - silicates KW - methods KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - interlaboratory comparison KW - techniques KW - immersion KW - freezing KW - temperature KW - laboratory studies KW - size distribution KW - mineral composition KW - dry deposition KW - stochastic processes KW - sampling KW - time factor KW - ice KW - spectra KW - mineral surface KW - experimental studies KW - suspension KW - electron microscopy data KW - effects KW - properties KW - illite KW - X-ray spectra KW - measurement KW - geometry KW - EDS spectra KW - crystals KW - nucleation KW - ice crystals KW - agglomerate KW - sheet silicates KW - SEM data KW - particles KW - minerals KW - instruments KW - 01A:General mineralogy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1849301230?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Chemistry+and+Physics&rft.atitle=A+comprehensive+laboratory+study+on+the+immersion+freezing+behavior+of+illite+NX+particles%3B+a+comparison+of+17+ice+nucleation+measurement+techniques&rft.au=Hiranuma%2C+N%3BAugustin-Bauditz%2C+S%3BBingemer%2C+H%3BBudke%2C+C%3BCurtius%2C+J%3BDanielczok%2C+A%3BDiehl%2C+K%3BDreischmeier%2C+K%3BEbert%2C+M%3BFrank%2C+F%3BHoffmann%2C+N%3BKandler%2C+K%3BKiselev%2C+A%3BKoop%2C+T%3BLeisner%2C+T%3BMoehler%2C+O%3BNillius%2C+B%3BPeckhaus%2C+A%3BRose%2C+D%3BWeinbruch%2C+S%3BWex%2C+H%3BBoose%2C+Y%3BDeMott%2C+P+J%3BHader%2C+J+D%3BHill%2C+T+C+J%3BKanji%2C+Z+A%3BKulkarni%2C+G%3BLevin%2C+E+J+T%3BMcCluskey%2C+C+S%3BMurakami%2C+M%3BMurray%2C+B+J%3BNiedermeier%2C+D%3BPetters%2C+M+D%3BO%27Sullivan%2C+D%3BSaito%2C+A%3BSchill%2C+G+P%3BTajiri%2C+T%3BTolbert%2C+Margaret+A%3BWelti%2C+A%3BWhale%2C+T+F%3BWright%2C+T+P%3BYamashita%2C+K&rft.aulast=Hiranuma&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=2489&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Chemistry+and+Physics&rft.issn=16807316&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/15/2489/2015/acp-15-2489-2015.pdf http://www.atmospheric-chemistry-and-physics.net/home.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Copernicus Gesellschaft, Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 105 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agglomerate; crystals; dry deposition; EDS spectra; effects; electron microscopy data; experimental studies; freezing; geometry; ice; ice crystals; illite; immersion; instruments; interlaboratory comparison; laboratory studies; measurement; methods; mineral composition; mineral surface; minerals; nucleation; particles; properties; sampling; SEM data; sheet silicates; silicates; size distribution; spectra; stochastic processes; suspension; techniques; temperature; time factor; X-ray diffraction data; X-ray spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carbonaceous aerosols recorded in a southeastern Tibetan glacier; analysis of temporal variations and model estimates of sources and radiative forcing AN - 1844924431; 2016-102748 AB - High temporal resolution measurements of black carbon (BC) and organic carbon (OC) covering the time period of 1956-2006 in an ice core over the southeastern Tibetan Plateau show a distinct seasonal dependence of BC and OC with higher respective concentrations but a lower OC/BC ratio in the non-monsoon season than during the summer monsoon. We use a global aerosol-climate model, in which BC emitted from different source regions can be explicitly tracked, to quantify BC source-receptor relationships between four Asian source regions and the southeastern Tibetan Plateau as a receptor. The model results show that South Asia has the largest contribution to the present-day (1996-2005) mean BC deposition at the ice-core drilling site during the non-monsoon season (October to May) (81%) and all year round (74%), followed by East Asia (14% to the non-monsoon mean and 21% to the annual mean). The ice-core record also indicates stable and relatively low BC and OC deposition fluxes from the late 1950s to 1980, followed by an overall increase to recent years. This trend is consistent with the BC and OC emission inventories and the fuel consumption of South Asia (as the primary contributor to annual mean BC deposition). Moreover, the increasing trend of the OC / BC ratio since the early 1990s indicates a growing contribution of coal combustion and/or biomass burning to the emissions. The estimated radiative forcing induced by BC and OC impurities in snow has increased since 1980, suggesting an increasing potential influence of carbonaceous aerosols on the Tibetan glacier melting and the availability of water resources in the surrounding regions. Our study indicates that more attention to OC is merited because of its non-negligible light absorption and the recent rapid increases evident in the ice-core record. JF - Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics AU - Wang, M AU - Xu, B AU - Cao, J AU - Tie, X AU - Wang, H AU - Zhang, R AU - Qian, Y AU - Rasch, P J AU - Zhao, S AU - Wu, G AU - Zhao, H AU - Joswiak, D R AU - Li, J AU - Xie, Y Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 1191 EP - 1204 PB - Copernicus, Katlenburg-Lindau VL - 15 IS - 3 SN - 1680-7316, 1680-7316 KW - Far East KW - solar forcing KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - environmental analysis KW - Central Asia KW - spatial distribution KW - SNICAR model KW - black carbon KW - transport KW - circulation KW - Xizang China KW - carbon KW - Tibetan Plateau KW - snow KW - CAM5 model KW - Southeast Asia KW - organic carbon KW - climate forcing KW - Asia KW - climate KW - China KW - carbonaceous composition KW - concentration KW - Kangri Karpo Mountains KW - ice cores KW - annual variations KW - Zuoqiupu Glacier KW - glaciers KW - provenance KW - deposition KW - thermal/optical carbon analysis KW - aerosols KW - temporal distribution KW - seasonal variations KW - 24:Quaternary geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1844924431?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Chemistry+and+Physics&rft.atitle=Carbonaceous+aerosols+recorded+in+a+southeastern+Tibetan+glacier%3B+analysis+of+temporal+variations+and+model+estimates+of+sources+and+radiative+forcing&rft.au=Wang%2C+M%3BXu%2C+B%3BCao%2C+J%3BTie%2C+X%3BWang%2C+H%3BZhang%2C+R%3BQian%2C+Y%3BRasch%2C+P+J%3BZhao%2C+S%3BWu%2C+G%3BZhao%2C+H%3BJoswiak%2C+D+R%3BLi%2C+J%3BXie%2C+Y&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1191&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Chemistry+and+Physics&rft.issn=16807316&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/15/1191/2015/acp-15-1191-2015.pdf http://www.atmospheric-chemistry-and-physics.net/home.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Copernicus Gesellschaft, Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 85 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerosols; annual variations; Asia; atmospheric precipitation; black carbon; CAM5 model; carbon; carbonaceous composition; Central Asia; China; circulation; climate; climate forcing; concentration; deposition; environmental analysis; Far East; glaciers; ice cores; Kangri Karpo Mountains; organic carbon; provenance; seasonal variations; SNICAR model; snow; solar forcing; Southeast Asia; spatial distribution; temporal distribution; thermal/optical carbon analysis; Tibetan Plateau; transport; Xizang China; Zuoqiupu Glacier ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Renewable ocean energy development and the environment AN - 1844920947; 2016-103550 JF - Estuaries and Coasts Y1 - 2015/01// PY - 2015 DA - January 2015 SP - 156 EP - 302 PB - Springer in partnership with Coastal and Estuarine Research Federation, Port Republic, MD VL - 38 IS - 1, SUPPL. SN - 1559-2723, 1559-2723 KW - development KW - energy sources KW - ocean waves KW - renewable energy KW - environmental analysis KW - environmental effects KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1844920947?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Estuaries+and+Coasts&rft.atitle=Renewable+ocean+energy+development+and+the+environment&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=1%2C+SUPPL.&rft.spage=156&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Estuaries+and+Coasts&rft.issn=15592723&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/120846/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - MD N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Individual papers within scope are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-01 N1 - CODEN - ESTUDO N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - development; energy sources; environmental analysis; environmental effects; ocean waves; renewable energy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Single particle measurements of atmospheric aerosol chemistry; past, present and future AN - 1832728471; 2016-088864 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Moffet, Ryan C AU - O'Brien, Rachel E AU - Pham, Don AU - Knopf, Daniel A AU - Laskin, Alexander AU - Gilles, Mary K AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 2158 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - experimental studies KW - in situ KW - atmosphere KW - climate change KW - measurement KW - laboratory studies KW - aerosols KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - particles KW - instruments KW - image analysis KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832728471?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Single+particle+measurements+of+atmospheric+aerosol+chemistry%3B+past%2C+present+and+future&rft.au=Moffet%2C+Ryan+C%3BO%27Brien%2C+Rachel+E%3BPham%2C+Don%3BKnopf%2C+Daniel+A%3BLaskin%2C+Alexander%3BGilles%2C+Mary+K%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Moffet&rft.aufirst=Ryan&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2158&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/2158.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerosols; atmosphere; chemical composition; climate change; experimental studies; geochemistry; image analysis; in situ; instruments; laboratory studies; measurement; particles ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Towards quantitative mixing state measurements; the Sacramento case study AN - 1832727838; 2016-088865 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Moffet, Ryan C AU - O'Brien, Rachel E AU - Wang, Bingbing AU - Laskin, Alexander AU - Alpert, Peter AU - Riemer, Nicole AU - West, Matthew AU - Zhang, Qi AU - Sun, Yele AU - Yu, Xiaoying AU - Knopf, Daniel A AU - Gilles, Mary K AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 2159 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - carbonaceous composition KW - entropy KW - Sacramento County California KW - electron microscopy data KW - X-ray spectra KW - Sacramento California KW - measurement KW - inorganic materials KW - EDS spectra KW - California KW - X-ray data KW - quantitative analysis KW - mixing KW - carbon KW - EXAFS data KW - aerosols KW - spectra KW - geochemistry KW - SEM data KW - particles KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832727838?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Towards+quantitative+mixing+state+measurements%3B+the+Sacramento+case+study&rft.au=Moffet%2C+Ryan+C%3BO%27Brien%2C+Rachel+E%3BWang%2C+Bingbing%3BLaskin%2C+Alexander%3BAlpert%2C+Peter%3BRiemer%2C+Nicole%3BWest%2C+Matthew%3BZhang%2C+Qi%3BSun%2C+Yele%3BYu%2C+Xiaoying%3BKnopf%2C+Daniel+A%3BGilles%2C+Mary+K%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Moffet&rft.aufirst=Ryan&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2159&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/2159.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerosols; California; carbon; carbonaceous composition; EDS spectra; electron microscopy data; entropy; EXAFS data; geochemistry; inorganic materials; measurement; mixing; particles; quantitative analysis; Sacramento California; Sacramento County California; SEM data; spectra; United States; X-ray data; X-ray spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling dust as component minerals in the Community Atmosphere Model; development of framework and impact on radiative forcing AN - 1832583044; 722272-30 AB - The mineralogy of desert dust is important due to its effect on radiation, clouds and biogeochemical cycling of trace nutrients. This study presents the simulation of dust radiative forcing as a function of both mineral composition and size at the global scale, using mineral soil maps for estimating emissions. Externally mixed mineral aerosols in the bulk aerosol module in the Community Atmosphere Model version 4 (CAM4) and internally mixed mineral aerosols in the modal aerosol module in the Community Atmosphere Model version 5.1 (CAM5) embedded in the Community Earth System Model version 1.0.5 (CESM) are speciated into common mineral components in place of total dust. The simulations with mineralogy are compared to available observations of mineral atmospheric distribution and deposition along with observations of clear-sky radiative forcing efficiency. Based on these simulations, we estimate the all-sky direct radiative forcing at the top of the atmosphere as + 0.05 Wm (super -2) for both CAM4 and CAM5 simulations with mineralogy. We compare this to the radiative forcing from simulations of dust in release versions of CAM4 and CAM5 (+0.08 and +0.17 Wm (super -2) ) and of dust with optimized optical properties, wet scavenging and particle size distribution in CAM4 and CAM5, -0.05 and -0.17 Wm (super -2) , respectively. The ability to correctly include the mineralogy of dust in climate models is hindered by its spatial and temporal variability as well as insufficient global in situ observations, incomplete and uncertain source mineralogies and the uncertainties associated with data retrieved from remote sensing methods. JF - Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics AU - Scanza, R A AU - Mahowald, N AU - Ghan, S AU - Zender, C S AU - Kok, J F AU - Liu, X AU - Zhang, Y AU - Albani, S Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 537 EP - 561 PB - Copernicus, Katlenburg-Lindau VL - 15 IS - 1 SN - 1680-7316, 1680-7316 KW - silicates KW - Community Atmosphere Model KW - solar forcing KW - single-scattering albedo KW - simulation KW - environmental analysis KW - spatial distribution KW - size distribution KW - CAM4 model KW - mineral composition KW - transport KW - hematite KW - sensitivity analysis KW - tracers KW - sediments KW - oxides KW - CAM5 model KW - climate forcing KW - AERONET KW - uncertainty KW - soils KW - annual variations KW - clastic sediments KW - global KW - atmosphere KW - mineralogy KW - equations KW - advection KW - clay minerals KW - optical properties KW - deposition KW - regional KW - dust KW - Community Earth System model KW - aerosols KW - sheet silicates KW - optical depth KW - refractive index KW - particles KW - minerals KW - 01A:General mineralogy KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832583044?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Chemistry+and+Physics&rft.atitle=Modeling+dust+as+component+minerals+in+the+Community+Atmosphere+Model%3B+development+of+framework+and+impact+on+radiative+forcing&rft.au=Scanza%2C+R+A%3BMahowald%2C+N%3BGhan%2C+S%3BZender%2C+C+S%3BKok%2C+J+F%3BLiu%2C+X%3BZhang%2C+Y%3BAlbani%2C+S&rft.aulast=Scanza&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=537&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Chemistry+and+Physics&rft.issn=16807316&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/15/537/2015/acp-15-537-2015.pdf http://www.atmospheric-chemistry-and-physics.net/home.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data from Copernicus Gesellschaft, Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany N1 - Number of references - 78 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 12 tables N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - advection; AERONET; aerosols; annual variations; atmosphere; CAM4 model; CAM5 model; clastic sediments; clay minerals; climate forcing; Community Atmosphere Model; Community Earth System model; deposition; dust; environmental analysis; equations; global; hematite; mineral composition; mineralogy; minerals; optical depth; optical properties; oxides; particles; refractive index; regional; sediments; sensitivity analysis; sheet silicates; silicates; simulation; single-scattering albedo; size distribution; soils; solar forcing; spatial distribution; tracers; transport; uncertainty ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Atmospheric particles; viscosity, phase, and response to relative humidity AN - 1803775490; 2016-062035 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Gilles, Mary K AU - Harder, Tristan H AU - Farland, David AU - Vezina, Natalie AU - Wang, Bingbing AU - Laskin, Alexander AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 1044 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - silicates KW - silica minerals KW - water vapor KW - XANES spectra KW - laboratory studies KW - carbon KW - X-ray analysis KW - framework silicates KW - spectra KW - liquid phase KW - experimental studies KW - gaseous phase KW - atmosphere KW - X-ray spectra KW - solid phase KW - crystals KW - organic compounds KW - humidity KW - viscosity KW - X-ray spectroscopy KW - quartz KW - aerosols KW - spectroscopy KW - scanning electron microscopy KW - particles KW - field studies KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1803775490?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Atmospheric+particles%3B+viscosity%2C+phase%2C+and+response+to+relative+humidity&rft.au=Gilles%2C+Mary+K%3BHarder%2C+Tristan+H%3BFarland%2C+David%3BVezina%2C+Natalie%3BWang%2C+Bingbing%3BLaskin%2C+Alexander%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gilles&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1044&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/1044.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt conference 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerosols; atmosphere; carbon; crystals; experimental studies; field studies; framework silicates; gaseous phase; humidity; laboratory studies; liquid phase; organic compounds; particles; quartz; scanning electron microscopy; silica minerals; silicates; solid phase; spectra; spectroscopy; viscosity; water vapor; X-ray analysis; X-ray spectra; X-ray spectroscopy; XANES spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact of heat, gamma- and alpha-radiation on the clay barrier in a geological disposal facility for radioactive waste AN - 1800395658; 2016-055103 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Pearce, C I AU - Bower, W R AU - Pattrick, R A D AU - Mosselmans, J F W AU - Sims, A P AU - Devine, J AU - Rosso, K M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 2431 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - silicates KW - sorption KW - bentonite KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - isotopes KW - radiation damage KW - smectite KW - X-ray spectra KW - temperature KW - radioactive waste KW - clay minerals KW - sedimentary rocks KW - radioactive isotopes KW - expansive materials KW - sheet silicates KW - spectra KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - waste disposal KW - clastic rocks KW - permeability KW - disposal barriers KW - montmorillonite KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1800395658?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Impact+of+heat%2C+gamma-+and+alpha-radiation+on+the+clay+barrier+in+a+geological+disposal+facility+for+radioactive+waste&rft.au=Pearce%2C+C+I%3BBower%2C+W+R%3BPattrick%2C+R+A+D%3BMosselmans%2C+J+F+W%3BSims%2C+A+P%3BDevine%2C+J%3BRosso%2C+K+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Pearce&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2431&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/2431.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bentonite; clastic rocks; clay minerals; disposal barriers; expansive materials; hydraulic conductivity; isotopes; montmorillonite; permeability; radiation damage; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; sedimentary rocks; sheet silicates; silicates; smectite; sorption; spectra; temperature; waste disposal; X-ray diffraction data; X-ray spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Precipitation of pentavalent uranium on magnetite AN - 1797537186; 2016-052836 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Yuan, Ke AU - Ilton, Eugene S AU - Antonio, Mark R AU - Becker, Udo AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 3548 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - uranyl ion KW - pollution KW - electrochemical properties KW - X-ray spectra KW - remediation KW - XANES spectra KW - atomic force microscopy data KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - EXAFS data KW - oxides KW - valency KW - uranium KW - spectra KW - reduction KW - X-ray photoelectron spectra KW - geochemistry KW - actinides KW - mineral surface KW - Eh KW - magnetite KW - electrons KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1797537186?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Precipitation+of+pentavalent+uranium+on+magnetite&rft.au=Yuan%2C+Ke%3BIlton%2C+Eugene+S%3BAntonio%2C+Mark+R%3BBecker%2C+Udo%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Yuan&rft.aufirst=Ke&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=3548&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/3548.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt conference 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; atomic force microscopy data; Eh; electrochemical properties; electrons; EXAFS data; geochemistry; magnetite; metals; mineral surface; oxides; pollution; precipitation; reduction; remediation; spectra; uranium; uranyl ion; valency; X-ray photoelectron spectra; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of ferrous iron forms on Tc valence speciation and mobility AN - 1797535340; 2016-052844 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Zachara, John M AU - Liu, Chongxuan AU - Liu, Yuanyuan AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 3556 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - silicates KW - iron KW - ground water KW - reactivity KW - mica group KW - sediments KW - valency KW - spectra KW - reduction KW - geochemistry KW - Eh KW - Mossbauer spectra KW - technetium KW - pollutants KW - oxidation KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - electron microscopy data KW - solubility KW - TEM data KW - ferrous iron KW - metals KW - EXAFS data KW - sheet silicates KW - mobilization KW - chemical fractionation KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1797535340?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Influence+of+ferrous+iron+forms+on+Tc+valence+speciation+and+mobility&rft.au=Zachara%2C+John+M%3BLiu%2C+Chongxuan%3BLiu%2C+Yuanyuan%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zachara&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=3556&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/3556.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt conference 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical fractionation; Eh; electron microscopy data; EXAFS data; ferrous iron; geochemistry; ground water; iron; metals; mica group; mobilization; Mossbauer spectra; oxidation; pollutants; pollution; reactivity; reduction; sediments; sheet silicates; silicates; solubility; spectra; surface water; technetium; TEM data; valency ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hypoxia driven changes in phosphorus cycling in water and sediment columns in the Chesapeake Bay AN - 1797531938; 2016-049927 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Jaisi, Deb P AU - Joshi, Sunendra R AU - Vu, Ha AU - Li, Wei AU - Kukkadapu, Ravi K AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 1413 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - water KW - United States KW - phosphorus cycle KW - Chesapeake Bay KW - sediment-water interface KW - human activity KW - phosphorus KW - solution KW - hydrochemistry KW - NMR spectra KW - iron KW - nutrients KW - ferric iron KW - organic compounds KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - sediments KW - anaerobic environment KW - spectra KW - geochemistry KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1797531938?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Hypoxia+driven+changes+in+phosphorus+cycling+in+water+and+sediment+columns+in+the+Chesapeake+Bay&rft.au=Jaisi%2C+Deb+P%3BJoshi%2C+Sunendra+R%3BVu%2C+Ha%3BLi%2C+Wei%3BKukkadapu%2C+Ravi+K%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Jaisi&rft.aufirst=Deb&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1413&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/1413.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anaerobic environment; Atlantic Coastal Plain; Chesapeake Bay; ferric iron; geochemistry; human activity; hydrochemistry; iron; metals; NMR spectra; nutrients; organic compounds; phosphorus; phosphorus cycle; precipitation; sediment-water interface; sediments; solution; spectra; United States; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biodegradable organic carbon in aquifer sediment from Bangladesh; implications for groundwater arsenic contamination AN - 1797529238; 2016-053051 AB - Arsenic contamination of groundwater in Bangladesh affects millions of people, as groundwater is the primary source of both drinking and irrigation water in the country. The arsenic is of geologic origin, naturally-occurring in the aquifer sediment. However, the source of organic carbon that fuels the microbial reactions responsible for mobilizing arsenic off the sediment and into the groundwater has been debated for over a decade. The outstanding question is whether this organic carbon is sedimentary carbon that was co-deposited when the aquifers were formed, or surface-derived organic carbon transported into the subsurface along with recharge water. The answer to this question has implications for managing the contamination problem. Here we present results from laboratory incubations of aquifer sediment with recharge waters collected from our field site in Bangladesh. The incubations revealed a pool of biodegradable sedimentary organic carbon that was rapidly utilized by native microbial populations. FT-ICR-MS analysis indicated that the sedimentary organic carbon was highly heterogeneous, containing lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, lignins, tannins and condensed aromatics. The native microbial community utilized a wide variety of these carbon compounds, including those typically considered recalcitrant (e.g., aromatics). The results imply that within the aquifer, this pool of sedimentary organic carbon was largely unavailable to the microbial community (i.e., physically, chemically and/or energetically protected). However, chemical and/or physical perturbations to the subsurface, induced, for example, by large-scale groundwater pumping or microbial activity, could mobilize this bioavailable organic carbon off the sediment. Our results indicate a possible role for both surface-derived and sedimentary organic carbon in fueling the microbial reactions that mobilize arsenic into groundwater: surface-derived carbon can stimulate microbial reactions that target the solid phase and destabilize bioavailable sedimentary organic carbon that can then fuel further microbial reactions (i.e., the "priming" hypothesis). JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Neumann, Rebecca B AU - Pracht, Lara E AU - Ardissono, Robert J AU - Polizzotto, Matthew AU - Badruzzaman, A Borhan M AU - Tfaily, Malak M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 841 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 47 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1797529238?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Biodegradable+organic+carbon+in+aquifer+sediment+from+Bangladesh%3B+implications+for+groundwater+arsenic+contamination&rft.au=Neumann%2C+Rebecca+B%3BPracht%2C+Lara+E%3BArdissono%2C+Robert+J%3BPolizzotto%2C+Matthew%3BBadruzzaman%2C+A+Borhan+M%3BTfaily%2C+Malak+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Neumann&rft.aufirst=Rebecca&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=841&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2015 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-17 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reduction of U(VI) by Fe(II); influence of Fe- and Al-(oxyhydr)oxides on redox catalysis AN - 1793209123; 2016-046187 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Taylor, S D AU - Marcano, M C AU - Rosso, K M AU - Becker, U AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 3090 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - experimental studies KW - electrical properties KW - electrical conductivity KW - oxyhydroxides KW - iron KW - ferrous iron KW - hydroxides KW - catalysis KW - chemical reactions KW - metals KW - aluminum KW - oxides KW - uranium KW - reduction KW - thermodynamic properties KW - kinetics KW - actinides KW - mineral surface KW - Eh KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1793209123?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Reduction+of+U%28VI%29+by+Fe%28II%29%3B+influence+of+Fe-+and+Al-%28oxyhydr%29oxides+on+redox+catalysis&rft.au=Taylor%2C+S+D%3BMarcano%2C+M+C%3BRosso%2C+K+M%3BBecker%2C+U%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Taylor&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=3090&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/3090.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt conference 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; aluminum; catalysis; chemical reactions; Eh; electrical conductivity; electrical properties; experimental studies; ferrous iron; hydroxides; iron; kinetics; metals; mineral surface; oxides; oxyhydroxides; reduction; thermodynamic properties; uranium ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In situ infrared spectroscopic study of nanocrystalline fayalite carbonation in wet supercritical CO (sub 2) AN - 1793209091; 2016-046349 AB - Mineral trapping, the most permanent CO (sub 2) storage option, is a process where metal silicate minerals are reacted with CO (sub 2) to form solid metal carbonates. Reservoirs that are best suited for mineral trapping are those in volcanic flood basalts. Olivine is a major basalt component with high reactive potential for mineral trapping because it dissolves to release divalent metal cations that readily precipitate as carbonates. Olivine has complete solid solution between magnesium-rich forsterite, Mg (sub 2) SiO (sub 4) , and iron-rich fayalite, Fe (sub 2) SiO (sub 4) . Carbon dioxide injected into basalt reservoirs will initially reside as a supercritical fluid (scCO (sub 2) ) containing varying amounts of dissolved water. While many previous studies have focused on forsterite carbonation in wet scCO (sub 2) , few have examined the fayalite reactivity in this low-water high-pressure fluid. In this current study, the reaction of nanocrystalline fayalite with variably wet scCO (sub 2) was investigated at 50 degrees C and 90 bar using a combination of in situ probes, including IR spectroscopic titrations and high pressure XRD, and ex situ analyses, including TGA-MS and SEM. While no reaction occurred in anhydrous CO (sub 2) , reaction products varied depending on the adsorbed H (sub 2) O concentration. At lowest adsorbed H (sub 2) O concentrations, water was consumed by reacting with CO (sub 2) to ultimately form adsorbed bicarbonate and a protonated fayalite surface. At moderate concentrations, either surface complexed carbonate or (sub)nanocrystalline siderite formed, but the reaction was not continuous. Above a threshold adsorbed H (sub 2) O concentration, siderite precipitated continuously. These results are discussed in comparison with those from similar studies of forsterite, with the differences attributed to siderite versus magnesite solubility. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Manley, Josh AU - Loring, John S AU - DeAngelis, Michael T AU - Qafoku, Odeta AU - Schaef, Herbert T AU - Ilton, Eugene AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 522 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 47 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1793209091?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=In+situ+infrared+spectroscopic+study+of+nanocrystalline+fayalite+carbonation+in+wet+supercritical+CO+%28sub+2%29&rft.au=Manley%2C+Josh%3BLoring%2C+John+S%3BDeAngelis%2C+Michael+T%3BQafoku%2C+Odeta%3BSchaef%2C+Herbert+T%3BIlton%2C+Eugene%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Manley&rft.aufirst=Josh&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=522&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2015 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-02 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of composition on viscosity of many-component molten glasses AN - 1793207956; 2016-048672 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Hrma, P AU - Nelson, M H AU - Kruger, A A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 1325 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - volcanic rocks KW - glasses KW - igneous rocks KW - effects KW - equations KW - melts KW - temperature KW - radioactive waste KW - measurement KW - models KW - errors KW - viscosity KW - composition KW - applications KW - waste disposal KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1793207956?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Effect+of+composition+on+viscosity+of+many-component+molten+glasses&rft.au=Hrma%2C+P%3BNelson%2C+M+H%3BKruger%2C+A+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hrma&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1325&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/1325.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt conference 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - Document feature - 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; composition; effects; equations; errors; glasses; igneous rocks; measurement; melts; models; radioactive waste; temperature; viscosity; volcanic rocks; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reuse and recycling; resource allocation by cyanobacteria in microbial mats AN - 1793207321; 2016-046109 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Stuart, Rhona K AU - Mayali, X AU - Lee, J Z AU - Everroad, R C AU - Lipton, M AU - Boaro, A AU - Bebout, B M AU - Pett-Ridge, J AU - Weber, P K AU - Thelen, M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 3012 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - cyanobacteria KW - extracellular polymeric substances KW - biogenic structures KW - biochemistry KW - matrix KW - mass spectra KW - microbial mats KW - bioavailability KW - nitrogen KW - geochemical cycle KW - adaptation KW - California KW - organic compounds KW - Monterey Bay KW - carbon KW - Elkhorn Slough KW - composition KW - spectra KW - carbon cycle KW - sedimentary structures KW - proteins KW - hypersaline environment KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1793207321?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Reuse+and+recycling%3B+resource+allocation+by+cyanobacteria+in+microbial+mats&rft.au=Stuart%2C+Rhona+K%3BMayali%2C+X%3BLee%2C+J+Z%3BEverroad%2C+R+C%3BLipton%2C+M%3BBoaro%2C+A%3BBebout%2C+B+M%3BPett-Ridge%2C+J%3BWeber%2C+P+K%3BThelen%2C+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Stuart&rft.aufirst=Rhona&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=3012&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/3012.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt conference 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adaptation; bioavailability; biochemistry; biogenic structures; California; carbon; carbon cycle; composition; cyanobacteria; Elkhorn Slough; extracellular polymeric substances; geochemical cycle; hypersaline environment; mass spectra; matrix; microbial mats; Monterey Bay; nitrogen; organic compounds; proteins; sedimentary structures; spectra; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nucleation behavior of U(VI) phosphate in the presence of mineral surfaces AN - 1793206986; 2016-048823 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Troyer, Lyndsay D AU - Wang, Zheming AU - Giammar, Daniel E AU - Catalano, Jeffrey G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 3176 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - goethite KW - complexing KW - remediation KW - sediments KW - oxides KW - pH KW - mineral surface KW - montmorillonite KW - Washington KW - Hanford Site KW - phosphates KW - adsorption KW - clay minerals KW - nucleation KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - EXAFS data KW - sheet silicates KW - uranyl phosphate KW - uranium KW - mobilization KW - actinides KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1793206986?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Nucleation+behavior+of+U%28VI%29+phosphate+in+the+presence+of+mineral+surfaces&rft.au=Troyer%2C+Lyndsay+D%3BWang%2C+Zheming%3BGiammar%2C+Daniel+E%3BCatalano%2C+Jeffrey+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Troyer&rft.aufirst=Lyndsay&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=3176&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/3176.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt conference 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; adsorption; clay minerals; complexing; EXAFS data; goethite; Hanford Site; metals; mineral surface; mobilization; montmorillonite; nucleation; oxides; pH; phosphates; precipitation; remediation; sediments; sheet silicates; silicates; United States; uranium; uranyl phosphate; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Linking the oxidation state of U incorporated in Fe (oxyhydr)oxides to environmental parameters AN - 1793206977; 2016-048713 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Ilton, Eugene S AU - Kerisit, Sebastien N AU - Massey, Michael S AU - Bylaska, Eric J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 1366 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - experimental studies KW - iron oxides KW - oxyhydroxides KW - substitution KW - crystal structure KW - simulation KW - ferrihydrite KW - X-ray spectra KW - XANES spectra KW - hydroxides KW - laboratory studies KW - chemical reactions KW - metals KW - EXAFS data KW - oxides KW - uranium KW - spectra KW - actinides KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1793206977?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Linking+the+oxidation+state+of+U+incorporated+in+Fe+%28oxyhydr%29oxides+to+environmental+parameters&rft.au=Ilton%2C+Eugene+S%3BKerisit%2C+Sebastien+N%3BMassey%2C+Michael+S%3BBylaska%2C+Eric+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ilton&rft.aufirst=Eugene&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1366&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/1366.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt conference 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; chemical reactions; crystal structure; EXAFS data; experimental studies; ferrihydrite; hydroxides; iron oxides; laboratory studies; metals; oxides; oxyhydroxides; simulation; spectra; substitution; uranium; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chemical imaging of atmospheric particles AN - 1789754587; 2016-040039 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Laskin, Alexander AU - Wang, Bingbing AU - Laskin, Julia AU - Nizkorodov, Sergey A AU - Moffet, Ryan C AU - Knopf, Daniel A AU - Gilles, Mary K AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 1775 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - laboratory studies KW - organic compounds KW - experimental studies KW - chemical reactions KW - atmosphere KW - geochemistry KW - particles KW - environmental effects KW - inorganic materials KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1789754587?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Chemical+imaging+of+atmospheric+particles&rft.au=Laskin%2C+Alexander%3BWang%2C+Bingbing%3BLaskin%2C+Julia%3BNizkorodov%2C+Sergey+A%3BMoffet%2C+Ryan+C%3BKnopf%2C+Daniel+A%3BGilles%2C+Mary+K%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Laskin&rft.aufirst=Alexander&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1775&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/1775.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmosphere; chemical reactions; environmental effects; experimental studies; geochemistry; inorganic materials; laboratory studies; organic compounds; particles ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A comparison of synthetic triclinic and hexagonal birnessites with natural birnessites AN - 1789749163; 2016-043916 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Ling, Florence T AU - Post, Jeffrey E AU - Heaney, Peter J AU - Ilton, Eugene S AU - Santelli, Cara M AU - Burgos, William D AU - Rose, Arthur W AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 1870 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - solutions KW - crystal systems KW - natural materials KW - triclinic system KW - characterization KW - manganese KW - remediation KW - Tennessee KW - manganese oxides KW - oxides KW - applications KW - spectra KW - synthetic materials KW - pH KW - Eh KW - cation exchange capacity KW - acid mine drainage KW - oxidation KW - pollution KW - X-ray spectra KW - EDS spectra KW - birnessite KW - metals KW - Pennsylvania KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1789749163?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=A+comparison+of+synthetic+triclinic+and+hexagonal+birnessites+with+natural+birnessites&rft.au=Ling%2C+Florence+T%3BPost%2C+Jeffrey+E%3BHeaney%2C+Peter+J%3BIlton%2C+Eugene+S%3BSantelli%2C+Cara+M%3BBurgos%2C+William+D%3BRose%2C+Arthur+W%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ling&rft.aufirst=Florence&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1870&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/1870.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid mine drainage; applications; birnessite; cation exchange capacity; characterization; crystal systems; EDS spectra; Eh; manganese; manganese oxides; metals; natural materials; oxidation; oxides; Pennsylvania; pH; pollution; remediation; solutions; spectra; synthetic materials; Tennessee; triclinic system; United States; X-ray diffraction data; X-ray spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Desorption mechanisms of phosphate from iron oxide nanoparticles AN - 1784737596; 2016-037495 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Krumina, Lelde AU - Kenney, Janice P L AU - Loring, John S AU - Persson, Per AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 1700 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - anions KW - desorption KW - iron oxides KW - in situ KW - goethite KW - statistical analysis KW - mechanism KW - rates KW - ferrihydrite KW - observations KW - least-squares analysis KW - infrared spectra KW - models KW - phosphate ion KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - nanoparticles KW - kinetics KW - pH KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1784737596?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Desorption+mechanisms+of+phosphate+from+iron+oxide+nanoparticles&rft.au=Krumina%2C+Lelde%3BKenney%2C+Janice+P+L%3BLoring%2C+John+S%3BPersson%2C+Per%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Krumina&rft.aufirst=Lelde&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1700&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/1700.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anions; desorption; ferrihydrite; goethite; in situ; infrared spectra; iron oxides; kinetics; least-squares analysis; mechanism; models; nanoparticles; observations; oxides; pH; phosphate ion; rates; spectra; statistical analysis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rhizosphere underground; unraveling the role of microbes in stabilizing organic matter in soils AN - 1784737372; 2016-037349 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Dohnalkova, Alice C AU - Chu, Rosalie K AU - Tfaily, Malak M AU - Crump, Alex R AU - Chrisler, William B AU - Varga, Tamas AU - Arey, Bruce W AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 754 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - high-resolution methods KW - Spermatophyta KW - Plantae KW - experimental studies KW - communities KW - Pinus ponderosa KW - Gymnospermae KW - mass spectra KW - rhizosphere KW - Coniferales KW - weathering KW - Pinus KW - laboratory studies KW - organic compounds KW - carbon KW - Pinaceae KW - spectra KW - organic carbon KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1784737372?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Rhizosphere+underground%3B+unraveling+the+role+of+microbes+in+stabilizing+organic+matter+in+soils&rft.au=Dohnalkova%2C+Alice+C%3BChu%2C+Rosalie+K%3BTfaily%2C+Malak+M%3BCrump%2C+Alex+R%3BChrisler%2C+William+B%3BVarga%2C+Tamas%3BArey%2C+Bruce+W%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Dohnalkova&rft.aufirst=Alice&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=754&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/754.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon; communities; Coniferales; experimental studies; Gymnospermae; high-resolution methods; laboratory studies; mass spectra; organic carbon; organic compounds; Pinaceae; Pinus; Pinus ponderosa; Plantae; rhizosphere; spectra; Spermatophyta; weathering ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An in situ view of CaCO (sub 3) nucleation AN - 1784736862; 2016-037320 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - de Yoreo, J J AU - Nielsen, M H AU - Smeets, P J M AU - Sommerdijk, N A J M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 725 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - in situ KW - aragonite KW - amorphous materials KW - polysaccharides KW - electron microscopy data KW - crystal growth KW - solution KW - TEM data KW - organic compounds KW - nucleation KW - saturation KW - vaterite KW - carbohydrates KW - calcium carbonate KW - proteins KW - carbonates KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1784736862?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=An+in+situ+view+of+CaCO+%28sub+3%29+nucleation&rft.au=de+Yoreo%2C+J+J%3BNielsen%2C+M+H%3BSmeets%2C+P+J+M%3BSommerdijk%2C+N+A+J+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=de+Yoreo&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=725&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/725.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - amorphous materials; aragonite; calcium carbonate; carbohydrates; carbonates; crystal growth; electron microscopy data; in situ; nucleation; organic compounds; polysaccharides; proteins; saturation; solution; TEM data; vaterite ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Remineralization of organic phosphorus and precipitation of authigenic phosphate in the water column in the mid-Chesapeake Bay AN - 1780803338; 2016-032793 AB - Phosphorus (P) cycling plays important roles in controlling trophic states of aquatic environments. However understanding the pathways and mechanisms of P cycling is challenging in the Chesapeake Bay where strong temporal and spatial variability exists both in P concentrations and rates of P cycling. To understand internal P cycling in the mid-Bay, the most eutrophic region in the Bay, we characterized organic and inorganic P speciation in suspended particles in the water column using chemical extraction and 1D ( (super 31) P) and 2D ( (super 1) H- (super 31) P) NMR spectroscopies, and traced P transformation using phosphate oxygen isotope ratios (d (super 18) O (sub P) ). Our results show strong temporal and spatial variability in organic P composition in the suspended particles in the surface waters, with monoesters being the dominant organic P (7.9%-36.5%), followed by diesters (1.5-19.9%). Both esters decreased with depth, suggesting active remineralization of settling organic debris in the water column, and this was found to be most pronounced in July. Interestingly, intense remineralization coincided with high concentrations of authigenic P in suspended particles both in temporal (peak in July) and spatial (increasing towards the bottom waters) scales, thus indicated potential precipitation of authigenic apatite P in the water column largely from remineralized P. Furthermore, d (super 18) O (sub P) values of dissolved phosphate in the water column are indicative of P released from remineralization, which is subsequently cycled, as expected during algal bloom on the surface waters. In summary, these results show important roles of organic P remineralization in internal P cycling in the water column by supplying orthophosphate for microbial uptake and cycling as well as likely precipitation of authigenic apatite in the water column. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Li, Jiying AU - Reardon, Patrick N AU - Joshi, Sunendra AU - Bai, Yuge AU - Bear, Kristi AU - Washton, Nancy AU - Jaisi, Deb P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 461 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 47 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1780803338?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Remineralization+of+organic+phosphorus+and+precipitation+of+authigenic+phosphate+in+the+water+column+in+the+mid-Chesapeake+Bay&rft.au=Li%2C+Jiying%3BReardon%2C+Patrick+N%3BJoshi%2C+Sunendra%3BBai%2C+Yuge%3BBear%2C+Kristi%3BWashton%2C+Nancy%3BJaisi%2C+Deb+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Jiying&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=461&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2015 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-14 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Climate of the Past AN - 1780802242; 2016-031987 AB - In the recent article by Byrne and Goldblatt, "Radiative forcing for 28 potential Archean greenhouse gases", Clim. Past. 10, 1779-1801 (2014), the authors employ the HITRAN2012 spectroscopic database to evaluate the radiative forcing of 28 Archean gases. As part of the evaluation of the status of the spectroscopy of these gases in the selected spectral region (50-1800 cm (super -1) ), the cross sections generated from the HITRAN line-by-line parameters were compared with those of the PNNL database of experimental cross sections recorded at moderate resolution. The authors claimed that for NO (sub 2) , HNO (sub 3) , H (sub 2) CO, H (sub 2) O (sub 2) , HCOOH, C (sub 2) H (sub 4) , CH (sub 3) OH and CH (sub 3) Br there exist large or sometimes severe disagreements between the databases. In this work we show that for only three of these eight gases a modest discrepancy does exist between the two databases and we explain the origin of the differences. For the other five gases, the disagreements are not nearly at the scale suggested by the authors, while we explain some of the differences that do exist. In summary, the agreement between the HITRAN and PNNL databases is very good, although not perfect. Typically differences do not exceed 10 %, provided that HITRAN data exist for the bands/wavelengths of interest. It appears that a molecule-dependent combination of errors has affected the conclusions of the authors. In at least one case it appears that they did not take the correct file from PNNL (N (sub 2) O (sub 4) (dimer)+ NO (sub 2) was used in place of the monomer). Finally, cross sections of HO (sub 2) from HITRAN (which do not have a PNNL counterpart) were not calculated correctly in BG, while in the case of HF misleading discussion was presented there based on the confusion by foreign or noise features in the experimental PNNL spectra. JF - Climate of the Past AU - Kochanov, R V AU - Gordon, I E AU - Rothman, L S AU - Sharpe, S W AU - Johnson, T J AU - Sams, R L Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 1097 EP - 1105 PB - Copernicus, Katlenburg-Lindau VL - 11 IS - 8 SN - 1814-9324, 1814-9324 KW - methods KW - HITRAN Database KW - Precambrian KW - paleoatmosphere KW - reliability KW - data processing KW - solar forcing KW - PNNL Database KW - computer programs KW - optical properties KW - errors KW - HAPI KW - data bases KW - Archean KW - spectra KW - greenhouse gases KW - climate forcing KW - spectroscopy KW - geochemistry KW - accuracy KW - cross sections KW - absorption coefficient KW - 12:Stratigraphy KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1780802242?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climate+of+the+Past&rft.atitle=Climate+of+the+Past&rft.au=Kochanov%2C+R+V%3BGordon%2C+I+E%3BRothman%2C+L+S%3BSharpe%2C+S+W%3BJohnson%2C+T+J%3BSams%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Kochanov&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1097&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climate+of+the+Past&rft.issn=18149324&rft_id=info:doi/10.5194%2Fcp-11-1097-2015 L2 - http://www.climate-of-the-past.net/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Copernicus Gesellschaft, Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - SuppNotes - For reference to original see Byrne, B. and Goldblatt, C., Climate of the Past, Vol. 10, No. 5, p. 1779-1801 N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absorption coefficient; accuracy; Archean; climate forcing; computer programs; cross sections; data bases; data processing; errors; geochemistry; greenhouse gases; HAPI; HITRAN Database; methods; optical properties; paleoatmosphere; PNNL Database; Precambrian; reliability; solar forcing; spectra; spectroscopy DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-11-1097-2015 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impacts of ocean acidification on otolith development in larval Haemulon chrysargyreum AN - 1777467931; 2016-030267 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Holmberg, Robert J AU - Wilcox-Freeburg, Eric AU - Tlusty, Michael F AU - Rhyne, Andrew L AU - Bourque, Bradford AU - Hannigan, Robyn AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 1295 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - Chordata KW - human activity KW - solutes KW - calcification KW - electron microscopy data KW - qualitative analysis KW - hydrochemistry KW - biota KW - carbon dioxide KW - Pisces KW - absorption KW - larvae KW - carbon KW - otoliths KW - Haemulon chrysargyreum KW - acidification KW - Vertebrata KW - geochemistry KW - SEM data KW - pH KW - 11:Vertebrate paleontology KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1777467931?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Impacts+of+ocean+acidification+on+otolith+development+in+larval+Haemulon+chrysargyreum&rft.au=Holmberg%2C+Robert+J%3BWilcox-Freeburg%2C+Eric%3BTlusty%2C+Michael+F%3BRhyne%2C+Andrew+L%3BBourque%2C+Bradford%3BHannigan%2C+Robyn%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Holmberg&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1295&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/1295.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absorption; acidification; biota; calcification; carbon; carbon dioxide; Chordata; electron microscopy data; geochemistry; Haemulon chrysargyreum; human activity; hydrochemistry; larvae; otoliths; pH; Pisces; qualitative analysis; SEM data; solutes; Vertebrata ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Novel analysis approach and new insights from FTICR-MS of soil organic matter AN - 1777467797; 2016-030229 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Hess, Nancy J AU - Tfaily, Malak M AU - Tolic, Nikola AU - Heredia-Langner, Alejandro AU - Robison, E Robby AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 1257 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - soils KW - processes KW - communities KW - metabolism KW - mass spectra KW - rhizosphere KW - ecosystems KW - simulation KW - climate change KW - organic compounds KW - carbon KW - spectra KW - accuracy KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1777467797?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Novel+analysis+approach+and+new+insights+from+FTICR-MS+of+soil+organic+matter&rft.au=Hess%2C+Nancy+J%3BTfaily%2C+Malak+M%3BTolic%2C+Nikola%3BHeredia-Langner%2C+Alejandro%3BRobison%2C+E+Robby%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hess&rft.aufirst=Nancy&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1257&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/1257.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; carbon; climate change; communities; ecosystems; mass spectra; metabolism; organic compounds; processes; rhizosphere; simulation; soils; spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The atomic-scale chemistry of a calcite bio-mineral interface AN - 1777466515; 2016-030151 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Branson, Oscar AU - Spero, Howard J AU - Perea, Daniel AU - Winters, Maria AU - Bonnin, Elisa AU - Zhu, Zihua AU - Gagnon, Alexander C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 379 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - biomineralization KW - alkaline earth metals KW - magnesium KW - Protista KW - patterns KW - three-dimensional models KW - biochemistry KW - alkali metals KW - mass spectra KW - crystal growth KW - sodium KW - ions KW - calcite KW - Foraminifera KW - organic compounds KW - metals KW - Invertebrata KW - spectra KW - heterogeneity KW - crystal chemistry KW - carbonates KW - microfossils KW - 10:Invertebrate paleontology KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1777466515?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=The+atomic-scale+chemistry+of+a+calcite+bio-mineral+interface&rft.au=Branson%2C+Oscar%3BSpero%2C+Howard+J%3BPerea%2C+Daniel%3BWinters%2C+Maria%3BBonnin%2C+Elisa%3BZhu%2C+Zihua%3BGagnon%2C+Alexander+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Branson&rft.aufirst=Oscar&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=379&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/379.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; alkaline earth metals; biochemistry; biomineralization; calcite; carbonates; crystal chemistry; crystal growth; Foraminifera; heterogeneity; Invertebrata; ions; magnesium; mass spectra; metals; microfossils; organic compounds; patterns; Protista; sodium; spectra; three-dimensional models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radioiodine sorption/desorption and speciation transformation by subsurface sediments from the Hanford Site AN - 1773798684; 2016-022631 AB - During the last few decades, considerable research efforts have been extended to identify more effective remediation treatment technologies to lower the (super 129) I concentrations to below federal drinking water standards at the Hanford Site (Richland, USA). Few studies have taken iodate into consideration, though recently iodate, instead of iodide, was identified as the major species in the groundwater of 200-West Area within the Hanford Site. The objective of this study was thus to quantify and understand aqueous radioiodine species transformations and uptake by three sediments collected from the semi-arid, carbonate-rich environment of the Hanford subsurface. All three sediments reduced iodate (IO (sub 3) (super -) ) to iodide (I (super -) ), but the loamy-sand sediment reduced more IO (sub 3) (super -) (100% reduced within 7 days) than the two sand-textured sediments ( approximately 20% reduced after 28 days). No dissolved organo-iodine species were observed in any of these studies. Iodate uptake K (sub d) values ([I (sub solid) ]/[I (sub aq) ]; 0.8-7.6 L/kg) were consistently and appreciably greater than iodide K (sub d) values (0-5.6 L/kg). Furthermore, desorption K (sub d) values (11.9-29.8 L/kg) for both iodate and iodide were consistently and appreciably greater than uptake K (sub d) values (0-7.6 L/kg). Major fractions of iodine associated with the sediments were unexpectedly strongly bound, such that only 0.4-6.6% of the total sedimentary iodine could be exchanged from the surface with KCl solution, and 0-1.2% was associated with Fe or Mn oxides (weak NH (sub 2) HCl/HNO (sub 3) extractable fraction). Iodine incorporated into calcite accounted for 2.9-39.4% of the total sedimentary iodine, whereas organic carbon (OC) is likely responsible for the residual iodine (57.1-90.6%) in sediments. The OC, even at low concentrations, appeared to be controlling iodine binding to the sediments, as it was found that the greater the OC concentrations in the sediments, the greater the values of uptake K (sub d) , desorption K (sub d) , and the greater residual iodine concentrations (non-exchangeable, non-calcite-incorporated and non-Mn, Fe-oxide associated). This finding is of particular interest because it suggests that even very low OC concentrations, <0.2%, may have an impact on iodine geochemistry. The findings that these sediments can readily reduce IO (sub 3) (super -) , and that IO (sub 3) (super -) sorbs to a greater extent than I (super -) , sheds light into earlier unexplained Hanford field data that demonstrated increases in groundwater (super 127) I (super -) / (super 127) IO (sub 3) (super -) ratios and a decrease groundwater (super 129) IO (sub 3) (super -) concentrations along a transect away from the point sources, where iodine was primarily introduced as IO (sub 3) (super -) . While a majority of the radioiodine does not bind to these alkaline sediments, there is likely a second smaller iodine fraction in the Hanford subsurface that is strongly bound, presumably to the sediment OC (and carbonate) phases. This second fraction may have an impact on establishing remediation goals and performance assessment calculations. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Journal of Environmental Radioactivity AU - Xu, Chen AU - Kaplan, Daniel I AU - Zhang, Saijin AU - Athon, Matthew AU - Ho, Yi-Fang AU - Li, Hsiu-Ping AU - Yeager, Chris M AU - Schwehr, Kathleen A AU - Grandbois, Russell AU - Wellman, Dawn AU - Santschi, Peter H Y1 - 2015/01// PY - 2015 DA - January 2015 SP - 43 EP - 55 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 139 SN - 0265-931X, 0265-931X KW - United States KW - hazardous waste KW - halides KW - isotope fractionation KW - sorption KW - desorption KW - geophysical surveys KW - contaminant plumes KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - isotopes KW - halogens KW - mass spectra KW - environmental analysis KW - scintillations KW - radioactivity methods KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - iodine KW - radioactive isotopes KW - I-129 KW - sampling KW - carbon KW - sediments KW - spectra KW - organic carbon KW - water pollution KW - soils KW - Washington KW - iodides KW - pollutants KW - geophysical methods KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - iodates KW - ICP mass spectra KW - soil pollution KW - surveys KW - waste disposal KW - transformations KW - crystal chemistry KW - carbonates KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1773798684?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Radioactivity&rft.atitle=Radioiodine+sorption%2Fdesorption+and+speciation+transformation+by+subsurface+sediments+from+the+Hanford+Site&rft.au=Xu%2C+Chen%3BKaplan%2C+Daniel+I%3BZhang%2C+Saijin%3BAthon%2C+Matthew%3BHo%2C+Yi-Fang%3BLi%2C+Hsiu-Ping%3BYeager%2C+Chris+M%3BSchwehr%2C+Kathleen+A%3BGrandbois%2C+Russell%3BWellman%2C+Dawn%3BSantschi%2C+Peter+H&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=Chen&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=139&rft.issue=&rft.spage=43&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Radioactivity&rft.issn=0265931X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jenvrad.2014.09.012 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/0265931X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 48 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon; carbonates; contaminant plumes; crystal chemistry; desorption; environmental analysis; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; ground water; halides; halogens; Hanford Site; hazardous waste; I-129; ICP mass spectra; iodates; iodides; iodine; isotope fractionation; isotopes; mass spectra; organic carbon; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; radioactivity methods; sampling; scintillations; sediments; soil pollution; soils; sorption; spectra; surveys; transformations; United States; Washington; waste disposal; water pollution; X-ray diffraction data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2014.09.012 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Towards High-Performance Nonaqueous Redox Flow Electrolyte Via Ionic Modification of Active Species AN - 1770360314; 21274891 AB - Nonaqueous redox flow batteries are emerging flow-based energy storage technologies that have the potential for higher energy densities than their aqueous counterparts because of their wider voltage windows. However, their performance has lagged far behind their inherent capability due to one major limitation of low solubility of the redox species. Here, a molecular structure engineering strategy towards high performance nonaqueous electrolyte is reported with significantly increased solubility. Its performance outweighs that of the state-of-the-art nonaqueous redox flow batteries. In particular, an ionic-derivatized ferrocene compound is designed and synthesized that has more than 20 times increased solubility in the supporting electrolyte. The solvation chemistry of the modified ferrocene compound. Electrochemical cycling testing in a hybrid lithium-organic redox flow battery using the as-synthesized ionic-derivatized ferrocene as the catholyte active material demonstrates that the incorporation of the ionic-charged pendant significantly improves the system energy density. When coupled with a lithium-graphite hybrid anode, the hybrid flow battery exhibits a cell voltage of 3.49 V, energy density about 50 Wh L super(-1), and energy efficiency over 75%. These results reveal a generic design route towards high performance nonaqueous electrolyte by rational functionalization of the organic redox species with selective ligand. A viable strategy to design a high-performance nonaqueous electrolyte using molecular structure engineering is demonstrated. A high electroactive material concentration of 0.8 M is obtained by derivatizing pristine ferrocene into an ionic charged form. The flow cell delivers an energy density as high as 50 Wh L super(-1) and energy efficiency of >75%. JF - Advanced Energy Materials AU - Wei, Xiaoliang AU - Cosimbescu, Lelia AU - Xu, Wu AU - Hu, Jian Zhi AU - Vijayakumar, M AU - Feng, Ju AU - Hu, Mary Y AU - Deng, Xuchu AU - Xiao, Jie AU - Liu, Jun AU - Sprenkle, Vincent AU - Wang, Wei AD - Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99354, USA. Y1 - 2015/01// PY - 2015 DA - January 2015 SP - [np] PB - Wiley-Blackwell, Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD United Kingdom VL - 5 IS - 1 SN - 1614-6832, 1614-6832 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); ANTE: Abstracts in New Technologies and Engineering (AN); Aerospace & High Technology Database (AH) KW - Rechargeable batteries KW - Molecular structure KW - Solubility KW - Nonaqueous electrolytes KW - Ferrocenes KW - Energy management KW - Electric potential KW - Energy density KW - Yes:(AN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1770360314?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advanced+Energy+Materials&rft.atitle=Towards+High-Performance+Nonaqueous+Redox+Flow+Electrolyte+Via+Ionic+Modification+of+Active+Species&rft.au=Wei%2C+Xiaoliang%3BCosimbescu%2C+Lelia%3BXu%2C+Wu%3BHu%2C+Jian+Zhi%3BVijayakumar%2C+M%3BFeng%2C+Ju%3BHu%2C+Mary+Y%3BDeng%2C+Xuchu%3BXiao%2C+Jie%3BLiu%2C+Jun%3BSprenkle%2C+Vincent%3BWang%2C+Wei&rft.aulast=Wei&rft.aufirst=Xiaoliang&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=%5Bnp%5D&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advanced+Energy+Materials&rft.issn=16146832&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Faenm.201400678 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-04 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201400678 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structure and stability of uranium containing iron garnets AN - 1769966329; 2016-021096 AB - Safe disposal of highly radioactive wastes from civilian nuclear reactors is a daunting challenge for sustained nuclear energy growth and associated environmental remediation. Use of crystalline garnets as waste forms to immobilize actinide radionuclides from nuclear wastes appears to be advantageous. Previous studies show that large loadings of uranium (U), and its analogues such as cerium (Ce) and thorium (Th) can be incorporated in garnet host phases, which have good aqueous durability at natural conditions. In this study, we synthesized a series of U-bearing garnet phases, Ca (sub 3) U (sub x) Zr (sub 2-x) Fe (sub 3) O (sub 12) (x=0.5-0.7), as well as the Ca (sub 3) (Zr (sub 2) )SiFe (super 3+) (sub 2) O (sub 12) end-member for comparison. The oxidation states of U in these phases were examined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray absorption spectroscopy. U was found in mixed pentavalent and hexavalent oxidation states in the phases with x=0.6 and 0.7. The oxidation state and coordination environment of Fe were investigated by (super 57) Fe-Mossbauer spectroscopy. Our results show that all the Fe cations in the U-substituted garnets are tetrahedrally coordinated Fe (super 3+) but in two different local environments. The enthalpies of formation of garnets from constituent oxides and elements were determined by high temperature oxide melt solution calorimetry. The thermodynamic analyses demonstrate that these substituted garnets can be stabilized under reducing conditions. Structural and thermodynamic analysis further provides explanations for the formation and stabilization of the natural uranium garnet elbrusite-(Zr), and supports the potential use of Ca (sub 3) UxZr (sub 2-x) Fe (sub 3) O (sub 12) phases as viable waste forms for U and other actinides. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Guo, Xiaofeng AU - Navrotsky, Alexandra AU - Kukkadapu, Ravi K AU - Engelhard, Mark AU - Lanzirotti, Antonio AU - Newville, Matt AU - Ilton, Eugene AU - Sutton, Stephen R AU - Xu, Hongwu AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 203 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 47 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1769966329?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Structure+and+stability+of+uranium+containing+iron+garnets&rft.au=Guo%2C+Xiaofeng%3BNavrotsky%2C+Alexandra%3BKukkadapu%2C+Ravi+K%3BEngelhard%2C+Mark%3BLanzirotti%2C+Antonio%3BNewville%2C+Matt%3BIlton%2C+Eugene%3BSutton%2C+Stephen+R%3BXu%2C+Hongwu%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Guo&rft.aufirst=Xiaofeng&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=203&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2015 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-03 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A characterization of synthetic and natural birnessites AN - 1765870582; 2016-014671 AB - Layered Mn oxides of the birnessite family are commonly found as fine-grained coatings and nodules in natural environments. They have been studied for their high cation exchange capacity and redox properties, with potential applications in environmental remediation and batteries. Synthetic triclinic and hexagonal birnessites are commonly used as analogues for natural layered Mn oxides. We have studied and compared a variety of natural and synthetic birnessite-like phases, using X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Synthetic birnessites studied include triclinic Na-, Ca-, K-, and Ba-birnessites. Synthetic hexagonal H-birnessites studied were derived from triclinic Na-birnessite powders placed in aqueous solutions at pH 2 or 3, or in solutions buffered at pH 7 using HEPES. Natural samples included Mn oxides from a Tennessee stream and several acid mine drainage sites in Pennsylvania. All natural samples were identified as birnessites/buserites using XRD. EDS showed that all natural Mn samples contained Ca. Although many of the natural samples yielded indistinguishable XRD patterns, XPS revealed that most samples contain Mn in all three oxidation states, with differences in the ratios of Mn (super 2+) , Mn (super 3+) , and Mn (super 4+) . Thus, XPS provided new insights beyond the typically reported average oxidation states (AOS) for Mn, as conventionally measured through titrations. For the samples of synthetic hexagonal H-birnessite formed at different solution pH, we found that as pH decreased, the amount of Mn (super 3+) also decreased, whereas the Mn (super 4+) content increased. For synthetic triclinic birnessite samples, the degree of disproportionation of Mn (super 3+) varied with the interlayer cation despite all samples yielding similar XRD patterns. Our research suggests that multiple techniques may be necessary to properly characterize Mn oxides. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Ling, Florence AU - Post, Jeffrey E AU - Heaney, Peter J AU - Ilton, Eugene AU - Santelli, Cara AU - Burgos, William D AU - Rose, Arthur W AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 271 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 47 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1765870582?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=A+characterization+of+synthetic+and+natural+birnessites&rft.au=Ling%2C+Florence%3BPost%2C+Jeffrey+E%3BHeaney%2C+Peter+J%3BIlton%2C+Eugene%3BSantelli%2C+Cara%3BBurgos%2C+William+D%3BRose%2C+Arthur+W%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ling&rft.aufirst=Florence&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=271&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2015 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-18 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Oxidation state and environmental controls of U incorporated in Fe (oxyhydr)oxides AN - 1765870348; 2016-014668 AB - Growing experimental evidence shows incomensurate metals such as U(VI, V) and Tc(IV) can be incorporated into iron (oxyhydr)oxides either during co-precipitation or redox sensitive transformation of ferrihydrite to stable forms such as goethite. Redox-induced incorporation occurs even at room temp with the oxidation state of incorporated U sensitive to solution Eh. Reaction relations between incorporated metals and solution species depend on oxidation state of the metal and local charge compensation schemes (CCS). For example, incorporated U(VI) substituting for Fe(III) may be associated with deprotonation of hydroxyl groups and/or Fe(III) vacancy formation. More reduced U(V) or U(IV) may also require local excess electron density. Determination of the local bonding environment of such metals is primarily EXAFS with XANES and XPS constraining oxidation states. XPS proves the most useful for detailed determination of oxidation states of U because satellite structures yield robust signatures for U(IV), U(V) and U(VI) whereas the more commonly used U LIII edge position is not sufficient to resolve U(V). The LIII white line does contain valence information, but care must be taken to determine the bonding environment which can have a strong effect (e.g., uranyl and uranate display very different white line shapes). While EXAFS encodes information on oxidation states and CCS via local coordination environment, lack of standards for trace U in oxides leads to underconstrained fits and loss of information. Ab initio MD simulations constrain interpretation of U-LIII EXAFS of U incorporated in goethite. Best fits using dynamical structure models indicate predominance of U(V) in uranate octahedral coordination with deprotonation and excess electrons providing local CCS. A variety of structures are accessible at RT and must all be considered. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Ilton, Eugene AU - Kerisit, Sebastien AU - Massey, Michael S AU - Bylaska, Eric J AU - Elbert, David C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 271 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 47 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1765870348?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Oxidation+state+and+environmental+controls+of+U+incorporated+in+Fe+%28oxyhydr%29oxides&rft.au=Ilton%2C+Eugene%3BKerisit%2C+Sebastien%3BMassey%2C+Michael+S%3BBylaska%2C+Eric+J%3BElbert%2C+David+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ilton&rft.aufirst=Eugene&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=271&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2015 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-18 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Surface diffraction studies of UO (sub 2) ; atomic scale insights into nano-dimensioned corrosion rinds AN - 1765870322; 2016-014670 AB - Uraninite (UO (sub 2) ) is the most abundant uranium ore mineral, the product of proposed bioremediation strategies for uranium-contaminated soils and aquifers, and its synthetic analog is the primary constituent of most nuclear fuels. It incorporates interstitial oxygen up to a stoichiometry of UO (sub 2.25) without disruption of the uranium lattice, but the structural details of the process are the subject of ongoing debate. Because the solubility and dissolution kinetics of uraninite depend heavily on the oxidation state of uranium, understanding the mechanisms of UO (sub 2) surface oxidation and corrosion is essential to predicting its stability in the environment throughout the nuclear fuel cycle. Using crystal truncation rod (CTR) x-ray diffraction, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and density functional theory (DFT) we have recently shown that when the UO (sub 2) (111) surface is exposed to O (sub 2) , oxygen interstitials order into a nanoscale superlattice with three-layer periodicity and uranium in three oxidation states: IV, V, and VI. This oscillatory diffusion profile is driven by the nature of the electron transfer process. CTR measurements of O (sub 2) -exposed UO (sub 2) (001) surfaces reveal two possible models for oxygen diffusion profiles. The first is relatively smooth and suggests a highly oxidized surface, a layer with few if any interstitials, and deeper layers with roughly equal interstitial occupation. The second is strongly oscillatory, and suggests preferential interstitial occupation of every other layer below the surface, which is geometrically consistent with the interstitial network that forms below the oxidized (111) surface. The structures determined here contrast with previously published structures for bulk UO (sub 2+x) and U (sub 4) O (sub 9) as well as classical diffusion profiles, and highlight the importance of surface structures in controlling surface-mediated processes such as corrosion and dissolution. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Stubbs, Joanne E AU - Chaka, Anne M AU - Ilton, Eugene AU - Biwer, Craig AU - Engelhard, Mark AU - Bargar, John R AU - Eng, Peter J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 271 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 47 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1765870322?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Surface+diffraction+studies+of+UO+%28sub+2%29+%3B+atomic+scale+insights+into+nano-dimensioned+corrosion+rinds&rft.au=Stubbs%2C+Joanne+E%3BChaka%2C+Anne+M%3BIlton%2C+Eugene%3BBiwer%2C+Craig%3BEngelhard%2C+Mark%3BBargar%2C+John+R%3BEng%2C+Peter+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Stubbs&rft.aufirst=Joanne&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=271&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2015 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-18 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pore-scale process coupling and effective surface reaction rates in heterogeneous subsurface materials AN - 1756508361; 2016-005470 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Liu, Chongxuan AU - Liu, Yuanyuan AU - Kerisit, Sebastien AU - Zachara, John AU - Steefel (editor), Carl I AU - Emmanuel (editor), Simon AU - Anovitz (editor), Lawrence M Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 191 EP - 216 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 80 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - hydrology KW - surface properties KW - sorption KW - numerical models KW - grain size KW - watersheds KW - uranyl ion KW - porous materials KW - migration of elements KW - porosity KW - ground water KW - theoretical studies KW - heterogeneous materials KW - water-rock interaction KW - transport KW - reactive transport KW - pore water KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756508361?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Pore-scale+process+coupling+and+effective+surface+reaction+rates+in+heterogeneous+subsurface+materials&rft.au=Liu%2C+Chongxuan%3BLiu%2C+Yuanyuan%3BKerisit%2C+Sebastien%3BZachara%2C+John%3BSteefel+%28editor%29%2C+Carl+I%3BEmmanuel+%28editor%29%2C+Simon%3BAnovitz+%28editor%29%2C+Lawrence+M&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Chongxuan&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=&rft.spage=191&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Frmg.2015.80.06 L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 203 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - CODEN - RMINDF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - grain size; ground water; heterogeneous materials; hydrology; migration of elements; numerical models; pore water; porosity; porous materials; reactive transport; sorption; surface properties; theoretical studies; transport; uranyl ion; water-rock interaction; watersheds DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2015.80.06 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chemical and isotopic dynamics of spring water table rise at Rifle, CO AN - 1756505814; 2016-007195 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Christensen, John N AU - Brown, Shaun T AU - Basu, Anirban AU - Schilling, Kathrin AU - Conrad, Mark E AU - Bill, Markus AU - Williams, Kenneth H AU - Johnson, Thomas M AU - Shiel, Alyssa E AU - Yang, Li AU - Dong, Wenming AU - Tokunaga, Tetsu K AU - Wan, Jiamin AU - Yabusaki, Steven B AU - Maher, Katharine AU - Weaver, Karrie AU - Long, Philip E AU - Hubbard, Susan S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 553 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - isotope fractionation KW - desorption KW - oxygen KW - Garfield County Colorado KW - selenium KW - isotopes KW - unsaturated zone KW - solution KW - stable isotopes KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - Colorado River KW - Se-82/Se-80 KW - Rifle Colorado KW - radioactive isotopes KW - levels KW - carbon KW - processes KW - alkaline earth metals KW - monitoring KW - isotope ratios KW - O-18/O-16 KW - aquifers KW - water table KW - Sr-87/Sr-86 KW - boreholes KW - S-34/S-32 KW - D/H KW - metals KW - hydrogen KW - sulfur KW - uranium KW - U-238/U-234 KW - seasonal variations KW - Colorado KW - water wells KW - actinides KW - strontium KW - pore water KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756505814?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Chemical+and+isotopic+dynamics+of+spring+water+table+rise+at+Rifle%2C+CO&rft.au=Christensen%2C+John+N%3BBrown%2C+Shaun+T%3BBasu%2C+Anirban%3BSchilling%2C+Kathrin%3BConrad%2C+Mark+E%3BBill%2C+Markus%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth+H%3BJohnson%2C+Thomas+M%3BShiel%2C+Alyssa+E%3BYang%2C+Li%3BDong%2C+Wenming%3BTokunaga%2C+Tetsu+K%3BWan%2C+Jiamin%3BYabusaki%2C+Steven+B%3BMaher%2C+Katharine%3BWeaver%2C+Karrie%3BLong%2C+Philip+E%3BHubbard%2C+Susan+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Christensen&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=553&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/553.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; alkaline earth metals; aquifers; boreholes; carbon; Colorado; Colorado River; D/H; desorption; Garfield County Colorado; ground water; hydrogen; isotope fractionation; isotope ratios; isotopes; levels; metals; monitoring; O-18/O-16; oxygen; pore water; processes; radioactive isotopes; remediation; Rifle Colorado; S-34/S-32; Se-82/Se-80; seasonal variations; selenium; solution; Sr-87/Sr-86; stable isotopes; strontium; sulfur; U-238/U-234; United States; unsaturated zone; uranium; water table; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In situ stable isotope gas analysis enhanced four orders of magnitude AN - 1756505483; 2016-007222 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Coleman, Max AU - Christensen, Lance AU - Kelly, Jim AU - Kriesel, Jason AU - Moran, James AU - Vance, Steve AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 580 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - water KW - chlorine KW - experimental studies KW - N-15/N-14 KW - oxygen KW - in situ KW - isotopes KW - isotope ratios KW - C-13/C-12 KW - halogens KW - O-18/O-16 KW - biomarkers KW - stable isotopes KW - nitrogen KW - measurement KW - geochemical cycle KW - carbon dioxide KW - laboratory studies KW - D/H KW - hydrogen KW - carbon KW - Cl-37/Cl-35 KW - carbon cycle KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756505483?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=In+situ+stable+isotope+gas+analysis+enhanced+four+orders+of+magnitude&rft.au=Coleman%2C+Max%3BChristensen%2C+Lance%3BKelly%2C+Jim%3BKriesel%2C+Jason%3BMoran%2C+James%3BVance%2C+Steve%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Coleman&rft.aufirst=Max&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=580&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/580.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biomarkers; C-13/C-12; carbon; carbon cycle; carbon dioxide; chlorine; Cl-37/Cl-35; D/H; experimental studies; geochemical cycle; halogens; hydrogen; in situ; isotope ratios; isotopes; laboratory studies; measurement; N-15/N-14; nitrogen; O-18/O-16; oxygen; stable isotopes; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structure, dynamics and reactivity of fluids in confined geometries AN - 1756505086; 2016-007220 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Cole, D R AU - Andersen, A AU - Gautam, S AU - Hoyt, D AU - Mamontov, E AU - Mueller, K AU - Kolesnikov, A AU - Le, T AU - Liu, T AU - Ok, S AU - Patankar, S AU - Phan, A AU - Rother, G AU - Striolo, A AU - Tomasko, D AU - Washton, N AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 578 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - experimental studies KW - methane KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - mechanism KW - rates KW - porous materials KW - properties KW - aqueous solutions KW - alkanes KW - NMR spectra KW - geometry KW - carbon dioxide KW - reactivity KW - physical properties KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - spectra KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756505086?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Structure%2C+dynamics+and+reactivity+of+fluids+in+confined+geometries&rft.au=Cole%2C+D+R%3BAndersen%2C+A%3BGautam%2C+S%3BHoyt%2C+D%3BMamontov%2C+E%3BMueller%2C+K%3BKolesnikov%2C+A%3BLe%2C+T%3BLiu%2C+T%3BOk%2C+S%3BPatankar%2C+S%3BPhan%2C+A%3BRother%2C+G%3BStriolo%2C+A%3BTomasko%2C+D%3BWashton%2C+N%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Cole&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=578&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/578.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; aqueous solutions; carbon dioxide; experimental studies; geometry; hydrocarbons; mechanism; methane; NMR spectra; organic compounds; physical properties; porous materials; properties; rates; reactivity; spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effect of seawater intrusion on strontium mobility at nuclear sites AN - 1756504324; 2016-007147 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Chang, Seeun AU - Um, Wooyong AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 505 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - Far East KW - salt-water intrusion KW - isotopes KW - power plants KW - Kori Nuclear Power Plant KW - solution KW - simulation KW - cores KW - ground water KW - radioactive isotopes KW - mixing KW - ion exchange KW - Asia KW - water pollution KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - alkaline earth metals KW - alkali metals KW - shorelines KW - pollution KW - effects KW - sodium KW - Korea KW - hydrochemistry KW - nuclear energy KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - nuclear facilities KW - mobilization KW - strontium KW - salinization KW - South Korea KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756504324?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=The+effect+of+seawater+intrusion+on+strontium+mobility+at+nuclear+sites&rft.au=Chang%2C+Seeun%3BUm%2C+Wooyong%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Chang&rft.aufirst=Seeun&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=505&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/505.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Document feature - 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; alkaline earth metals; Asia; cores; effects; Far East; geochemistry; ground water; hydrochemistry; ion exchange; isotopes; Korea; Kori Nuclear Power Plant; metals; mixing; mobilization; nuclear energy; nuclear facilities; pH; pollution; power plants; precipitation; radioactive isotopes; salinization; salt-water intrusion; shorelines; simulation; sodium; solution; South Korea; strontium; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of soluble carbon in soil pore waters sampled with different suctions AN - 1752578101; 2016-001731 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Bailey, Vanessa L AU - Smith, A P AU - Fansler, S J AU - Tfaily, Malak M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 178 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - respiration KW - lipids KW - characterization KW - mechanism KW - Florida KW - carbon dioxide KW - substrates KW - sampling KW - carbon KW - Cellvibrio japonicus KW - Polk County Florida KW - organic carbon KW - soils KW - North America KW - Disney Wilderness Preserve KW - Streptomyces cellulosae KW - Osceola County Florida KW - Gulf Coastal Plain KW - organic compounds KW - bacteria KW - suction KW - greenhouse gases KW - Trichoderma reesei KW - pore water KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1752578101?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+soluble+carbon+in+soil+pore+waters+sampled+with+different+suctions&rft.au=Bailey%2C+Vanessa+L%3BSmith%2C+A+P%3BFansler%2C+S+J%3BTfaily%2C+Malak+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bailey&rft.aufirst=Vanessa&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=178&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/178.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; carbon; carbon dioxide; Cellvibrio japonicus; characterization; Disney Wilderness Preserve; Florida; greenhouse gases; Gulf Coastal Plain; lipids; mechanism; North America; organic carbon; organic compounds; Osceola County Florida; Polk County Florida; pore water; respiration; sampling; soils; Streptomyces cellulosae; substrates; suction; Trichoderma reesei; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 99Tc incorporation and removal by iron mineral transformation AN - 1739083046; 2015-115022 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Um, Wooyong AU - Wang, Guohui AU - Serne, R Jeffrey AU - Westsik, Joseph H, Jr AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 3206 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - technetium KW - Washington KW - isotopes KW - pollutants KW - oxidation KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - Tc-99 KW - adsorption KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - radioactive waste KW - hydroxides KW - radioactive isotopes KW - chemical reactions KW - metals KW - oxides KW - waste disposal KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - magnetite KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1739083046?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=99Tc+incorporation+and+removal+by+iron+mineral+transformation&rft.au=Um%2C+Wooyong%3BWang%2C+Guohui%3BSerne%2C+R+Jeffrey%3BWestsik%2C+Joseph+H%2C+Jr%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Um&rft.aufirst=Wooyong&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=3206&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/3206.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; chemical reactions; environmental analysis; geochemistry; Hanford Site; hydroxides; isotopes; magnetite; metals; oxidation; oxides; pH; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; remediation; Tc-99; technetium; United States; Washington; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modelling of mineral dust for interglacial and glacial climate conditions with a focus on Antarctica AN - 1739081561; 2015-115012 AB - The mineral dust cycle responds to climate variations and plays an important role in the climate system by affecting the radiative balance of the atmosphere and modifying biogeochemistry. Polar ice cores provide unique information about deposition of aeolian dust particles transported over long distances. These cores are a palaeoclimate proxy archive of climate variability thousands of years ago. The current study is a first attempt to simulate past interglacial dust cycles with a global aerosol-climate model ECHAM5-HAM. The results are used to explain the dust deposition changes in Antarctica in terms of quantitative contribution of different processes, such as emission, atmospheric transport and precipitation, which will help to interpret palaeodata from Antarctic ice cores. The investigated periods include four interglacial time slices: the pre-industrial control (CTRL), mid-Holocene (6000 yr BP; hereafter referred to as "6 kyr"), last glacial inception (115 000 yr BP; hereafter "115 kyr") and Eemian (126 000 yr BP; hereafter "126 kyr"). One glacial time interval, the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) (21 000 yr BP; hereafter "21 kyr"), was simulated as well to be a reference test for the model. Results suggest an increase in mineral dust deposition globally, and in Antarctica, in the past interglacial periods relative to the pre-industrial CTRL simulation. Approximately two-thirds of the increase in the mid-Holocene and Eemian is attributed to enhanced Southern Hemisphere dust emissions. Slightly strengthened transport efficiency causes the remaining one-third of the increase in dust deposition. The moderate change in dust deposition in Antarctica in the last glacial inception period is caused by the slightly stronger poleward atmospheric transport efficiency compared to the pre-industrial. Maximum dust deposition in Antarctica was simulated for the glacial period. LGM dust deposition in Antarctica is substantially increased due to 2.6 times higher Southern Hemisphere dust emissions, 2 times stronger atmospheric transport towards Antarctica, and 30% weaker precipitation over the Southern Ocean. The model is able to reproduce the order of magnitude of dust deposition globally and in Antarctica for the pre-industrial and LGM climates. JF - Climate of the Past AU - Sudarchikova, N AU - Mikolajewicz, U AU - Timmreck, C AU - O'Donnell, D AU - Schurgers, G AU - Sein, D AU - Zhang, K Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 765 EP - 779 PB - Copernicus, Katlenburg-Lindau VL - 11 IS - 5 SN - 1814-9324, 1814-9324 KW - cycles KW - PMIP2 KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - vegetation KW - paleoclimatology KW - climate change KW - dry deposition KW - Eemian KW - ice cores KW - Wilkes Land KW - Quaternary KW - annual variations KW - middle Holocene KW - clastic sediments KW - global KW - models KW - provenance KW - EPICA KW - atmospheric transport KW - dust KW - Pleistocene KW - aerosols KW - seasonal variations KW - Vostok Station KW - upper Holocene KW - Talos Dome KW - pre-industrial era KW - last glacial maximum KW - Dome C KW - simulation KW - Holocene KW - upper Pleistocene KW - orbital forcing KW - Cenozoic KW - transport KW - dust emission KW - glacial environment KW - sediments KW - climate forcing KW - ECHAM5-HAM KW - interglacial environment KW - sedimentation KW - Queen Maud Land KW - Southern Hemisphere KW - fluctuations KW - TALDICE KW - Antarctica KW - LPJ-GUESS model KW - minerals KW - last glacial inception KW - 24:Quaternary geology KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1739081561?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climate+of+the+Past&rft.atitle=Modelling+of+mineral+dust+for+interglacial+and+glacial+climate+conditions+with+a+focus+on+Antarctica&rft.au=Sudarchikova%2C+N%3BMikolajewicz%2C+U%3BTimmreck%2C+C%3BO%27Donnell%2C+D%3BSchurgers%2C+G%3BSein%2C+D%3BZhang%2C+K&rft.aulast=Sudarchikova&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=765&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climate+of+the+Past&rft.issn=18149324&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.clim-past.net/11/765/2015/cp-11-765-2015.pdf http://www.climate-of-the-past.net/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Copernicus Gesellschaft, Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 56 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerosols; annual variations; Antarctica; atmospheric precipitation; atmospheric transport; Cenozoic; clastic sediments; climate change; climate forcing; cycles; Dome C; dry deposition; dust; dust emission; ECHAM5-HAM; Eemian; EPICA; fluctuations; glacial environment; global; Holocene; ice cores; interglacial environment; last glacial inception; last glacial maximum; LPJ-GUESS model; middle Holocene; minerals; models; orbital forcing; paleoclimatology; Pleistocene; PMIP2; pre-industrial era; provenance; Quaternary; Queen Maud Land; seasonal variations; sedimentation; sediments; simulation; Southern Hemisphere; TALDICE; Talos Dome; transport; upper Holocene; upper Pleistocene; vegetation; Vostok Station; Wilkes Land ER - TY - JOUR T1 - How and why: complementary analyses of social network structures and cultural values: improving flood response networks in Queensland, Australia AN - 1735657141; 201536684 AB - Social network analysis (SNA) is well recognized as a tool for informing climate change adaptation; however, this methodology is limited by a focus on quantitative structural analyses (how many nodes and ties exist, and between whom), rather than accessing richer information about their meaning (value content of ties). One way to improve the usefulness of SNA is to purposefully complement the structural analysis with cultural elements that can be drawn from field datasets. In this network-governance case study from Queensland, Australia, research on organizations involved in water management and flood responses events showed that cultural values were important in influencing network connections and preferred approaches to flood pre-planning and response. For example, there were differences in organizational preferences for the numbers and types of links that are rooted in different values. From this, Mary Douglas' Cultural Theory categories of individualists, hierarchists, and egalitarians were extended to analyze the types of ties between network nodes, the preferred approaches of different types of organization, and the problematic links and missing links among network nodes. This work illustrates that analyses of both structural SNA and cultural values can be used to improve regional-level adaptation activities such as disaster management. Here, increased knowledge about social networks, network ties, and cultural values can facilitate a process of social learning that will help societies adapt to climate change impacts. Adapted from the source document. JF - Quality and Quantity AU - Malone, Elizabeth L AU - Kinnear, Susan AD - Joint Global Change Research Institute, 5825 University Research Court Suite 3500, College Park, MD, 20740, USA e.malone@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2015/01// PY - 2015 DA - January 2015 SP - 203 EP - 220 PB - Springer, Dordrecht The Netherlands VL - 49 IS - 1 SN - 0033-5177, 0033-5177 KW - Values KW - Management KW - Climate Change KW - Water Supply KW - Cultural Values KW - Social Networks KW - Australia KW - Social Learning KW - Knowledge KW - article KW - 0104: methodology and research technology; research methods/tools UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1735657141?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Quality+and+Quantity&rft.atitle=How+and+why%3A+complementary+analyses+of+social+network+structures+and+cultural+values%3A+improving+flood+response+networks+in+Queensland%2C+Australia&rft.au=Malone%2C+Elizabeth+L%3BKinnear%2C+Susan&rft.aulast=Malone&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=203&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Quality+and+Quantity&rft.issn=00335177&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11135-013-9982-6 LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2015-12-01 N1 - Number of references - 41 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - QQEJAV N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Social Networks; Cultural Values; Values; Management; Australia; Climate Change; Knowledge; Water Supply; Social Learning DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11135-013-9982-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Preparations of magnetic nanoscale iron oxides-loaded kaolinite and arsenate adorption in groundwater AN - 1734265426; 2015-109840 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Zhou, Chenxin AU - Wang, Yanxin AU - Kong, Shuqiong AU - Liu, Chongxuan AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 3607 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - silicates KW - Far East KW - iron oxides KW - Datong China KW - pollutants KW - arsenic KW - pollution KW - kaolinite KW - adsorption KW - ground water KW - clay minerals KW - Shanxi China KW - metals KW - oxides KW - sheet silicates KW - Asia KW - water pollution KW - China KW - 01A:General mineralogy KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1734265426?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Preparations+of+magnetic+nanoscale+iron+oxides-loaded+kaolinite+and+arsenate+adorption+in+groundwater&rft.au=Zhou%2C+Chenxin%3BWang%2C+Yanxin%3BKong%2C+Shuqiong%3BLiu%2C+Chongxuan%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zhou&rft.aufirst=Chenxin&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=3607&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/3607.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; arsenic; Asia; China; clay minerals; Datong China; Far East; ground water; iron oxides; kaolinite; metals; oxides; pollutants; pollution; Shanxi China; sheet silicates; silicates; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Residence times of juvenile salmon and steelhead in off-channel tidal freshwater habitats, Columbia River, USA AN - 1717495346; PQ0001994994 AB - We documented two life history strategies for juvenile salmonids as expressed in off-channel tidal freshwater habitats of the Columbia River: (i) active migrations by upper river Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) during the primary spring and summer migration periods and (ii) overwinter rearing in tidal freshwater habitats by coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and naturally produced Chinook salmon mostly from lower river sources. During spring-summer 2007-2008, acoustic-tagged fish originating above Bonneville Dam (rkm 234) had short residence times in off-channel areas (rkm 192-203): median 2.5 and 2.6 h for yearling (mean lengths 134 and 158 mm) and 3.0 and 3.4 h for subyearling (104 and 116 mm) Chinook salmon and 2.5 h for yearling steelhead (215 mm). The percentage of fish in off-channel areas out of the total in the main- and off-channels areas was highest for yearling Chinook salmon (8.1% and 9.3% for 2007 and 2008, respectively) and lowest for steelhead (4.0% for 2008) and subyearling Chinook salmon (3.6% and 6.1% for 2007 and 2008, respectively). In late January and early February 2010, 2011, and 2012, we captured and tagged yearling Chinook and coho salmon occupying off-channel tidal freshwater habitats. Median residence times in off-channel areas were 11.6-25.5 days for juvenile Chinook (106, 115, and 118 mm, respectively by year) and 11.2 days for coho salmon (116 mm). This study is the first to estimate residence times for juvenile salmonids specifically in off-channel areas of tidal fresh water and, most importantly, residence times for Chinook salmon expressing a life history of overwintering in tidal fresh water. The findings support restoration of shallow off-channel habitats in tidal freshwater portions of the Columbia River.Original Abstract: Nous avons documente les deux strategies de cycle biologique de salmonides juveniles suivantes exprimees dans des habitats hors chenal d'eau douce de maree du fleuve Columbia : (i) des migrations actives par les saumons quinnats (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) et arc-en-ciel (Oncorhynchus mykiss) du cours superieur du fleuve durant les principales periodes de migration printaniere et estivale et (ii) la croissance hivernale dans des habitats d'eau douce de maree de saumons cohos (Oncorhynchus kisutch) et de saumons quinnats d'origine naturelle provenant principalement du cours inferieur du fleuve. Durant les printemps et etes de 2007 et 2008, des poissons munis de radioemetteurs provenant d'en amont du barrage Bonneville (rkm 234) presentaient de courts temps de sejour dans des zones hors chenal (rkm 192-203), soit des sejours medians de 2,5 et 2,6 h et de 3,0 et 3,4 h, respectivement, pour les saumons quinnats d'un an (longueurs moyennes de 134 et 158 mm) et de moins d'un an (104 et 116 mm), et de 2,5 h pour les saumons arc-en-ciel d'un an (215 mm). Le pourcentage de poissons dans les zones hors chenal par rapport a leur nombre total dans le chenal principal et dans les zones hors chenal etait le plus eleve pour les saumons quinnats d'un an (8,1 % et 9,3 % en 2007 et 2008, respectivement) et le plus faible pour les saumons arc-en-ciel (4,0 % en 2008) et les saumons quinnats de moins d'un an (3,6 % et 6,1 % en 2007 et 2008, respectivement). A la fin de janvier et au debut de fevrier 2010, 2011 et 2012, nous avons capture et marque des saumons quinnats et cohos d'un an occupant des habitats d'eau douce de maree hors chenal. Les temps de sejour medians dans les zones hors chenal etaient de 11,6-25,5 jours pour les saumons quinnats juveniles (106, 115 et 118 mm, respectivement, selon l'annee) et de 11,2 jours pour les saumons cohos (116 mm). Il s'agit de la premiere etude a estimer les temps de sejour de salmonides juveniles dans des zones hors chenal d'eau douce de maree et, surtout, les temps de sejour de saumons quinnats presentant un cycle biologique qui comprend l'hivernation dans des zones d'eau douce de maree. Les resultats appuient la restauration d'habitats hors chenal peu profonds dans des portions d'eau douce tidales du fleuve Columbia. [Traduit par la Redaction] JF - Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences/Journal Canadien des Sciences Halieutiques et Aquatiques AU - Johnson, Gary E AU - Ploskey, Gene R AU - Sather, Nichole K AU - Teel, David J AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 620 SW 5th Avenue, Portland, OR 97204, USA., gary.johnson@pnnl.gov PY - 2015 SP - 684 EP - 696 PB - NRC Research Press VL - 72 IS - 5 SN - 0706-652X, 0706-652X KW - ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - USA, Columbia R. KW - Summer KW - Oncorhynchus tshawytscha KW - Migration KW - History KW - Dams KW - Fisheries KW - Fish (salmonid) (see also salmon, trout) KW - Salmon KW - Rivers KW - Freshwater environments KW - Overwintering KW - Oncorhynchus mykiss KW - Habitat KW - Life history KW - Aquatic Habitats KW - USA, Columbia R., Bonneville Dam KW - Fish KW - Oncorhynchus kisutch KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - SW 0810:General KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q4 27720:Technology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1717495346?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Journal+of+Fisheries+and+Aquatic+Sciences%2FJournal+Canadien+des+Sciences+Halieutiques+et+Aquatiques&rft.atitle=Residence+times+of+juvenile+salmon+and+steelhead+in+off-channel+tidal+freshwater+habitats%2C+Columbia+River%2C+USA&rft.au=Johnson%2C+Gary+E%3BPloskey%2C+Gene+R%3BSather%2C+Nichole+K%3BTeel%2C+David+J&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=Gary&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=684&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Canadian+Journal+of+Fisheries+and+Aquatic+Sciences%2FJournal+Canadien+des+Sciences+Halieutiques+et+Aquatiques&rft.issn=0706652X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1139%2Fcjfas-2014-0085 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 62 N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Life history; Overwintering; Freshwater environments; Habitat; Migration; Salmon; Summer; Fish; Dams; History; Aquatic Habitats; Fisheries; Fish (salmonid) (see also salmon, trout); Oncorhynchus mykiss; Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; Oncorhynchus kisutch; USA, Columbia R., Bonneville Dam; USA, Columbia R. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2014-0085 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impacts of climate change on energy consumption and peak demand in buildings: A detailed regional approach AN - 1677921821; PQ0001285230 AB - This paper presents the results of numerous commercial and residential building simulations, with the purpose of examining the impact of climate change on peak and annual building energy consumption over the portion of the EIC (Eastern Interconnection) located in the United States. The climate change scenario considered includes changes in mean climate characteristics as well as changes in the frequency and duration of intense weather events. Simulations were performed using the BEND (Building ENergy Demand) model which is a detailed building analysis platform utilizing EnergyPlus(TM) as the simulation engine. Over 26,000 building configurations of different types, sizes, vintages, and characteristics representing the population of buildings within the EIC, are modeled across the three EIC time zones using the future climate from 100 target region locations, resulting in nearly 180,000 spatially relevant simulated demand profiles for three years selected to be representative of the general climate trend over the century. This approach provides a heretofore unprecedented level of specificity across multiple spectrums including spatial, temporal, and building characteristics. This capability enables the ability to perform detailed hourly impact studies of building adaptation and mitigation strategies on energy use and electricity peak demand within the context of the entire grid and economy. JF - Energy AU - Dirks, James A AU - Gorrissen, Willy J AU - Hathaway, John H AU - Skorski, Daniel C AU - Scott, Michael J AU - Pulsipher, Trenton C AU - Huang, Maoyi AU - Liu, Ying AU - Rice, Jennie S AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, United States jadirks@pnl.gov Y1 - 2015/01/01/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Jan 01 SP - 20 EP - 32 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 79 SN - 0360-5442, 0360-5442 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE); ANTE: Abstracts in New Technologies and Engineering (AN) KW - Climate change KW - Buildings KW - Energy demand KW - Energy use KW - Computer simulation KW - Commercial buildings KW - Demand KW - Economics KW - Climate KW - Energy consumption KW - Yes:(AN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1677921821?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy&rft.atitle=Impacts+of+climate+change+on+energy+consumption+and+peak+demand+in+buildings%3A+A+detailed+regional+approach&rft.au=Dirks%2C+James+A%3BGorrissen%2C+Willy+J%3BHathaway%2C+John+H%3BSkorski%2C+Daniel+C%3BScott%2C+Michael+J%3BPulsipher%2C+Trenton+C%3BHuang%2C+Maoyi%3BLiu%2C+Ying%3BRice%2C+Jennie+S&rft.aulast=Dirks&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=&rft.spage=20&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy&rft.issn=03605442&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.energy.2014.08.081 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-05-01 N1 - Number of references - 57 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-02 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2014.08.081 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dimethyl sulfide in the Amazon rain forest AN - 1668233042; 2015-029801 AB - Surface-to-atmosphere emissions of dimethyl sulfide (DMS) may impact global climate through the formation of gaseous sulfuric acid, which can yield secondary sulfate aerosols and contribute to new particle formation. While oceans are generally considered the dominant sources of DMS, a shortage of ecosystem observations prevents an accurate analysis of terrestrial DMS sources. Using mass spectrometry, we quantified ambient DMS mixing ratios within and above a primary rainforest ecosystem in the central Amazon Basin in real-time (2010-2011) and at high vertical resolution (2013-2014). Elevated but highly variable DMS mixing ratios were observed within the canopy, showing clear evidence of a net ecosystem source to the atmosphere during both day and night in both the dry and wet seasons. Periods of high DMS mixing ratios lasting up to 8 h (up to 160 parts per trillion (ppt)) often occurred within the canopy and near the surface during many evenings and nights. Daytime gradients showed mixing ratios (up to 80 ppt) peaking near the top of the canopy as well as near the ground following a rain event. The spatial and temporal distribution of DMS suggests that ambient levels and their potential climatic impacts are dominated by local soil and plant emissions. A soil source was confirmed by measurements of DMS emission fluxes from Amazon soils as a function of temperature and soil moisture. Furthermore, light- and temperature-dependent DMS emissions were measured from seven tropical tree species. Our study has important implications for understanding terrestrial DMS sources and their role in coupled land-atmosphere climate feedbacks. Abstract Copyright (2014), . The Authors. JF - Global Biogeochemical Cycles AU - Jardine, K AU - Yanez-Serrano, A M AU - Williams, J AU - Kunert, N AU - Jardine, A AU - Taylor, T AU - Abrell, L AU - Artaxo, P AU - Guenther, A AU - Hewitt, C N AU - House, E AU - Florentino, A P AU - Manzi, A AU - Higuchi, N AU - Kesselmeier, J AU - Behrendt, T AU - Veres, P R AU - Derstroff, B AU - Fuentes, J D AU - Martin, S T AU - Andreae, M O Y1 - 2015/01// PY - 2015 DA - January 2015 SP - 19 EP - 32 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 29 IS - 1 SN - 0886-6236, 0886-6236 KW - tropical environment KW - soils KW - forests KW - chromatography KW - sulfuric acid KW - sulfate ion KW - moisture KW - mass spectra KW - atmosphere KW - rain forests KW - dimethyl sulfide KW - temperature KW - gas chromatography KW - South America KW - Brazil KW - sulfur KW - aerosols KW - Surinam KW - spectra KW - soil gases KW - inorganic acids KW - climate KW - Amazon Basin KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1668233042?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+Biogeochemical+Cycles&rft.atitle=Dimethyl+sulfide+in+the+Amazon+rain+forest&rft.au=Jardine%2C+K%3BYanez-Serrano%2C+A+M%3BWilliams%2C+J%3BKunert%2C+N%3BJardine%2C+A%3BTaylor%2C+T%3BAbrell%2C+L%3BArtaxo%2C+P%3BGuenther%2C+A%3BHewitt%2C+C+N%3BHouse%2C+E%3BFlorentino%2C+A+P%3BManzi%2C+A%3BHiguchi%2C+N%3BKesselmeier%2C+J%3BBehrendt%2C+T%3BVeres%2C+P+R%3BDerstroff%2C+B%3BFuentes%2C+J+D%3BMartin%2C+S+T%3BAndreae%2C+M+O&rft.aulast=Jardine&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=19&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+Biogeochemical+Cycles&rft.issn=08866236&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2014GB004969 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/gb/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 60 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerosols; Amazon Basin; atmosphere; Brazil; chromatography; climate; dimethyl sulfide; forests; gas chromatography; inorganic acids; mass spectra; moisture; rain forests; soil gases; soils; South America; spectra; sulfate ion; sulfur; sulfuric acid; Surinam; temperature; tropical environment DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014GB004969 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparative efficacy of 177Lu and 90Y for anti-CD20 pretargeted radioimmunotherapy in murine lymphoma xenograft models. AN - 1665121662; 25785845 AB - PURPOSEPretargeted radioimmunotherapy (PRIT) is a multi-step method of selectively delivering high doses of radiotherapy to tumor cells while minimizing exposure to surrounding tissues. Yttrium-90 (90Y) and lutetium-177 (177Lu) are two of the most promising beta-particle emitting radionuclides used for radioimmunotherapy, which despite having similar chemistries differ distinctly in terms of radiophysical features. These differences may have important consequences for the absorbed dose to tumors and normal organs. Whereas 90Y has been successfully applied in a number of preclinical and clinical radioimmunotherapy settings, there have been few published pretargeting studies with 177Lu. We therefore compared the therapeutic potential of targeting either 90Y or 177Lu to human B-cell lymphoma xenografts in mice.METHODSParallel experiments evaluating the biodistribution, imaging, dosimetry, therapeutic efficacy, and toxicity were performed in female athymic nude mice bearing either Ramos (Burkitt lymphoma) or Granta (mantle cell lymphoma) xenografts, utilizing an anti-CD20 antibody-streptavidin conjugate (1F5-SA) and an 90Y- or 177Lu-labeled 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA)-biotin second step reagent.RESULTSThe two radionuclides displayed comparable biodistributions in tumors and normal organs; however, the absorbed radiation dose delivered to tumor was more than twice as high for 90Y (1.3 Gy/MBq) as for 177Lu (0.6 Gy/MBq). More importantly, therapy with 90Y-DOTA-biotin was dramatically more effective than with 177Lu-DOTA-biotin, with 100% of Ramos xenograft-bearing mice cured with 37 MBq 90Y, whereas 0% were cured using identical amounts of 177Lu-DOTA-biotin. Similar results were observed in mice bearing Granta xenografts, with 80% of the mice cured with 90Y-PRIT and 0% cured with 177Lu-PRIT. Toxicities were comparable with both isotopes.CONCLUSION90Y was therapeutically superior to 177Lu for streptavidin-biotin PRIT approaches in these human lymphoma xenograft models. JF - PloS one AU - Frost, Sofia H L AU - Frayo, Shani L AU - Miller, Brian W AU - Orozco, Johnnie J AU - Booth, Garrett C AU - Hylarides, Mark D AU - Lin, Yukang AU - Green, Damian J AU - Gopal, Ajay K AU - Pagel, John M AU - Bäck, Tom A AU - Fisher, Darrell R AU - Press, Oliver W AD - Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States of America. ; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States of America; College of Optical Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States of America. ; Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States of America; Departments of Medicine and Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America. ; Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. ; Dade Moeller Health Group, Richland, WA, United States of America. Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 1 VL - 10 IS - 3 KW - Antigens, CD20 KW - 0 KW - Immunoconjugates KW - Yttrium Radioisotopes KW - Lutetium KW - 5H0DOZ21UJ KW - Index Medicus KW - Beta Particles -- therapeutic use KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays KW - Mice, Nude KW - Mice KW - Cell Line, Tumor KW - Tissue Distribution KW - Female KW - Cell Transformation, Neoplastic KW - Yttrium Radioisotopes -- therapeutic use KW - Lutetium -- pharmacokinetics KW - Lymphoma -- radiotherapy KW - Lutetium -- therapeutic use KW - Immunoconjugates -- therapeutic use KW - Immunoconjugates -- immunology KW - Yttrium Radioisotopes -- pharmacokinetics KW - Radioimmunotherapy -- adverse effects KW - Immunoconjugates -- adverse effects KW - Yttrium Radioisotopes -- adverse effects KW - Lymphoma -- immunology KW - Lutetium -- adverse effects KW - Lymphoma -- pathology KW - Antigens, CD20 -- immunology KW - Radioimmunotherapy -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1665121662?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PloS+one&rft.atitle=Comparative+efficacy+of+177Lu+and+90Y+for+anti-CD20+pretargeted+radioimmunotherapy+in+murine+lymphoma+xenograft+models.&rft.au=Frost%2C+Sofia+H+L%3BFrayo%2C+Shani+L%3BMiller%2C+Brian+W%3BOrozco%2C+Johnnie+J%3BBooth%2C+Garrett+C%3BHylarides%2C+Mark+D%3BLin%2C+Yukang%3BGreen%2C+Damian+J%3BGopal%2C+Ajay+K%3BPagel%2C+John+M%3BB%C3%A4ck%2C+Tom+A%3BFisher%2C+Darrell+R%3BPress%2C+Oliver+W&rft.aulast=Frost&rft.aufirst=Sofia+H&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=e0120561&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=PloS+one&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0120561 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-02-04 N1 - Date created - 2015-03-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Blood. 2003 Mar 15;101(6):2340-8 [12446461] Cancer Res. 2003 Jan 15;63(2):354-63 [12543788] Blood. 2003 Oct 1;102(7):2351-7 [12750161] Nucl Med Biol. 2004 Feb;31(2):213-23 [15013487] Intervirology. 1975;5(6):319-34 [181343] J Nucl Med. 1990 Jan;31(1):75-83 [2295944] Cancer Res. 1991 Jun 1;51(11):2889-96 [1851665] N Engl J Med. 1993 Oct 21;329(17):1219-24 [7692295] J Nucl Med. 1996 Sep;37(9):1491-6 [8790200] Leukemia. 1997 Jan;11(1):64-72 [9001420] Gynecol Oncol. 1997 Apr;65(1):94-101 [9103398] Clin Cancer Res. 1995 Dec;1(12):1447-54 [9815943] Eur J Nucl Med. 1999 Apr;26(4):348-57 [10199940] J Nucl Med. 2005 Aug;46(8):1310-6 [16085587] Cancer. 1994 Feb 1;73(3 Suppl):951-7 [8306284] Cancer Biother Radiopharm. 2005 Aug;20(4):436-49 [16114992] Clin Cancer Res. 2005 Nov 15;11(22):8180-5 [16299250] J Clin Oncol. 2006 Feb 10;24(5):823-34 [16380412] J Nucl Med. 2006 May;47(5):807-14 [16644751] Blood. 2006 Jul 1;108(1):328-36 [16556891] Cancer Res. 2007 Jan 1;67(1):326-31 [17210714] Blood. 2009 May 14;113(20):4903-13 [19124831] Cancer Biother Radiopharm. 2010 Apr;25(2):125-42 [20423225] J Nucl Med. 2010 Nov;51(11):1780-7 [21051650] Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2011 Feb;38(2):312-22 [21072513] Bioconjug Chem. 2011 Dec 21;22(12):2444-52 [22053899] J Nucl Med. 2013 Jul;54(7):1045-52 [23572496] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000 Feb 15;97(4):1802-7 [10677537] Blood. 2000 Aug 15;96(4):1259-66 [10942366] Blood. 2000 Nov 1;96(9):2934-42 [11049969] J Nucl Med. 2001 Jun;42(6):967-74 [11390564] Blood. 2001 Oct 15;98(8):2535-43 [11588052] Acta Oncol. 2001;40(5):602-8 [11669332] J Clin Oncol. 2002 May 15;20(10):2453-63 [12011122] J Nucl Med. 2003 Mar;44(3):437-45 [12621012] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0120561 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regional scale cropland carbon budgets: Evaluating a geospatial agricultural modeling system using inventory data AN - 1660094566; 21287799 AB - Accurate quantification and clear understanding of regional scale cropland carbon (C) cycling is critical for designing effective policies and management practices that can contribute toward stabilizing atmospheric CO2 concentrations. However, extrapolating site-scale observations to regional scales represents a major challenge confronting the agricultural modeling community. This study introduces a novel geospatial agricultural modeling system (GAMS) exploring the integration of the mechanistic Environmental Policy Integrated Climate model, spatially-resolved data, surveyed management data, and supercomputing functions for cropland C budgets estimates. This modeling system creates spatially-explicit modeling units at a spatial resolution consistent with remotely-sensed crop identification and assigns cropping systems to each of them by geo-referencing surveyed crop management information at the county or state level. A parallel computing algorithm was also developed to facilitate the computationally intensive model runs and output post-processing and visualization. We evaluated GAMS against National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) reported crop yields and inventory estimated county-scale cropland C budgets averaged over 2000-2008. We observed good overall agreement, with spatial correlation of 0.89, 0.90, 0.41, and 0.87, for crop yields, Net Primary Production (NPP), Soil Organic C (SOC) change, and Net Ecosystem Exchange (NEE), respectively. However, we also detected notable differences in the magnitude of NPP and NEE, as well as in the spatial pattern of SOC change. By performing crop-specific annual comparisons, we discuss possible explanations for the discrepancies between GAMS and the inventory method, such as data requirements, representation of agroecosystem processes, completeness and accuracy of crop management data, and accuracy of crop area representation. Based on these analyses, we further discuss strategies to improve GAMS by updating input data and by designing more efficient parallel computing capability to quantitatively assess errors associated with the simulation of C budget components. The modularized design of the GAMS makes it flexible to be updated and adapted for different agricultural models so long as they require similar input data, and to be linked with socio-economic models to understand the effectiveness and implications of diverse C management practices and policies. JF - Environmental Modelling & Software AU - Zhang, Xuesong AU - Izaurralde, Roberto C AU - Manowitz, David H AU - Sahajpal, Ritvik AU - West, Tristram O AU - Thomson, Allison M AU - Xu, Min AU - Zhao, Kaiguang AU - LeDuc, Stephen D AU - Williams, Jimmy R AD - Joint Global Change Research Institute, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory and University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20740, USA Y1 - 2015/01// PY - 2015 DA - January 2015 SP - 199 EP - 216 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX United Kingdom VL - 63 SN - 1364-8152, 1364-8152 KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Computer and Information Systems Abstracts (CI); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Agriculture KW - Carbon KW - Climate change KW - EPIC KW - Geospatial modeling KW - Parallel computing KW - Inventories KW - Policies KW - Computation KW - Management KW - Regional KW - Budgets KW - Agricultural management KW - Crops UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1660094566?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Modelling+%26+Software&rft.atitle=Regional+scale+cropland+carbon+budgets%3A+Evaluating+a+geospatial+agricultural+modeling+system+using+inventory+data&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Xuesong%3BIzaurralde%2C+Roberto+C%3BManowitz%2C+David+H%3BSahajpal%2C+Ritvik%3BWest%2C+Tristram+O%3BThomson%2C+Allison+M%3BXu%2C+Min%3BZhao%2C+Kaiguang%3BLeDuc%2C+Stephen+D%3BWilliams%2C+Jimmy+R&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Xuesong&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=63&rft.issue=&rft.spage=199&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Modelling+%26+Software&rft.issn=13648152&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.envsoft.2014.10.005 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-05 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2014.10.005 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental Risk Evaluation System-an Approach to Ranking Risk of Ocean Energy Development on Coastal and Estuarine Environments AN - 1654684285; PQ0001062347 AB - The pressure to develop new and renewable forms of energy to combat climate change, ocean acidification, and energy security has encouraged exploration of sources of power generation from the ocean. One of the major challenges to deploying these devices is discerning the likely effects those devices and associated systems will have on the marine environment. Determining the effects each device design and deployment system may have on specific marine animals and habitats, estimating the extent of those effects upon the resiliency of the ecosystem, and designing appropriate mitigation measures to protect against degradation all pose substantial challenges. With little direct observational or experimental data available on the effects of wave, tidal, and offshore wind devices on marine animals, habitats, and ecosystem processes, researchers have developed the Environmental Risk Evaluation System (ERES) to provide preliminary assessments of these risks and to act as a framework for integrating future data on direct interactions of ocean energy devices with the environment. Using biophysical risk factors, interactions of marine animals and seabirds, with ocean energy devices and systems, are examined; potential effects on habitats, and changes in processes such as sedimentation patterns and water quality, are also considered. The risks associated with specific interactions for which data are more readily available are explored including interactions between ocean energy devices and surface vessels, toxicity of anti-biofouling paints, and potential for harm to animals from turbine blade strike. ERES also examines the effect that environmental regulations have on the deployment and operation of ocean energy devices. JF - Estuaries and Coasts AU - Copping, Andrea AU - Hanna, Luke AU - Cleve, Brie AU - Blake, Kara AU - Anderson, Richard M AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA, andrea.copping@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2015/01// PY - 2015 DA - January 2015 SP - 287 EP - 302 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 38 IS - 1 SN - 1559-2723, 1559-2723 KW - Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Risk assessment KW - Climate change KW - Water quality KW - Environmental factors KW - Risks KW - Risk factors KW - Seabirds KW - Brackishwater environment KW - Acidification KW - Sedimentation KW - Environmental regulations KW - Estuaries KW - Brackish KW - Toxicity KW - Habitat KW - Security KW - Electric power generation KW - Oceans KW - Energy KW - Coastal oceanography KW - Environment management KW - Wind-wave interaction KW - Aquatic birds KW - Paints KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - Q2 09264:Sediments and sedimentation KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - R2 23050:Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1654684285?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Estuaries+and+Coasts&rft.atitle=Environmental+Risk+Evaluation+System-an+Approach+to+Ranking+Risk+of+Ocean+Energy+Development+on+Coastal+and+Estuarine+Environments&rft.au=Copping%2C+Andrea%3BHanna%2C+Luke%3BCleve%2C+Brie%3BBlake%2C+Kara%3BAnderson%2C+Richard+M&rft.aulast=Copping&rft.aufirst=Andrea&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=287&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Estuaries+and+Coasts&rft.issn=15592723&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12237-014-9816-3 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 99 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Brackishwater environment; Acidification; Toxicity; Sedimentation; Water quality; Wind-wave interaction; Environment management; Environmental factors; Risks; Coastal oceanography; Estuaries; Seabirds; Climate change; Risk assessment; Environmental regulations; Habitat; Security; Energy; Oceans; Risk factors; Electric power generation; Aquatic birds; Paints; Brackish DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12237-014-9816-3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Special Issue: Renewable Ocean Energy Development and the Environment AN - 1654683842; PQ0001062349 AB - Renewable energy harvested from ocean waves, tides, and winds as part of a portfolio of reliable low-carbon energy sources to address climate change and energy security is under consideration by many nations. Engineering designs and characterization of the harvestable resource are moving forward, particularly in Europe, Asia, and North America. At the same time, stakeholders and regulators have expressed the need to understand potential effects on marine animals, habitats, and ecosystem processes. These potential effects are prompting researchers and resource managers to examine interactions of species and ocean areas with energy conversion devices. This volume demonstrates the breadth of disciplines engaged in the quest to understand potential effects and the proactive efforts to develop these new sources of energy to the world, in a responsible manner. JF - Estuaries and Coasts AU - Zydlewski, Gayle Barbin AU - Copping, Andrea E AU - Redden, Anna M AD - School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, 5741 Libby Hall, Orono, ME, 04469-5741, USA, andrea.copping@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2015/01// PY - 2015 DA - Jan 2015 SP - 156 EP - 158 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 38 IS - 1 SN - 1559-2723, 1559-2723 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1654683842?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Estuaries+and+Coasts&rft.atitle=Special+Issue%3A+Renewable+Ocean+Energy+Development+and+the+Environment&rft.au=Zydlewski%2C+Gayle+Barbin%3BCopping%2C+Andrea+E%3BRedden%2C+Anna+M&rft.aulast=Zydlewski&rft.aufirst=Gayle&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=156&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Estuaries+and+Coasts&rft.issn=15592723&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12237-014-9922-2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-12 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12237-014-9922-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An Analysis Platform for Multiscale Hydrogeologic Modeling with Emphasis on Hybrid Multiscale Methods AN - 1647019504; 21310965 AB - One of the most significant challenges faced by hydrogeologic modelers is the disparity between the spatial and temporal scales at which fundamental flow, transport, and reaction processes can best be understood and quantified (e.g., microscopic to pore scales and seconds to days) and at which practical model predictions are needed (e.g., plume to aquifer scales and years to centuries). While the multiscale nature of hydrogeologic problems is widely recognized, technological limitations in computation and characterization restrict most practical modeling efforts to fairly coarse representations of heterogeneous properties and processes. For some modern problems, the necessary level of simplification is such that model parameters may lose physical meaning and model predictive ability is questionable for any conditions other than those to which the model was calibrated. Recently, there has been broad interest across a wide range of scientific and engineering disciplines in simulation approaches that more rigorously account for the multiscale nature of systems of interest. In this article, we review a number of such approaches and propose a classification scheme for defining different types of multiscale simulation methods and those classes of problems to which they are most applicable. Our classification scheme is presented in terms of a flowchart (Multiscale Analysis Platform), and defines several different motifs of multiscale simulation. Within each motif, the member methods are reviewed and example applications are discussed. We focus attention on hybrid multiscale methods, in which two or more models with different physics described at fundamentally different scales are directly coupled within a single simulation. Very recently these methods have begun to be applied to groundwater flow and transport simulations, and we discuss these applications in the context of our classification scheme. As computational and characterization capabilities continue to improve, we envision that hybrid multiscale modeling will become more common and also a viable alternative to conventional single-scale models in the near future. JF - Ground Water AU - Scheibe, Timothy D AU - Murphy, Ellyn M AU - Chen, Xingyuan AU - Rice, Amy K AU - Carroll, Kenneth C AU - Palmer, Bruce J AU - Tartakovsky, Alexandre M AU - Battiato, Ilenia AU - Wood, Brian D AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999,MS K9-36, Richland, WA 99352. Y1 - 2015/01// PY - 2015 DA - January 2015 SP - 38 EP - 56 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 53 IS - 1 SN - 0017-467X, 0017-467X KW - Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Aquifers KW - Prediction KW - Aquifer KW - Groundwater Pollution KW - Engineering KW - Classification KW - Hybrids KW - Plumes KW - Modelling KW - Simulation KW - Model Studies KW - Reviews KW - Offshore structures KW - Geohydrology KW - Groundwater KW - Groundwater Movement KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - Q2 09281:General KW - SW 6010:Structures KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1647019504?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water&rft.atitle=An+Analysis+Platform+for+Multiscale+Hydrogeologic+Modeling+with+Emphasis+on+Hybrid+Multiscale+Methods&rft.au=Scheibe%2C+Timothy+D%3BMurphy%2C+Ellyn+M%3BChen%2C+Xingyuan%3BRice%2C+Amy+K%3BCarroll%2C+Kenneth+C%3BPalmer%2C+Bruce+J%3BTartakovsky%2C+Alexandre+M%3BBattiato%2C+Ilenia%3BWood%2C+Brian+D&rft.aulast=Scheibe&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=38&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water&rft.issn=0017467X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fgwat.12179 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Prediction; Aquifer; Classification; Offshore structures; Simulation; Modelling; Aquifers; Reviews; Hybrids; Groundwater; Plumes; Engineering; Geohydrology; Groundwater Pollution; Groundwater Movement; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12179 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simulations of ecosystem hydrological processes using a unified multi-scale model AN - 1647001862; 21288282 AB - This paper presents a unified multi-scale model (UMSM) that we developed to simulate hydrological processes in an ecosystem containing both surface water and groundwater. The UMSM approach modifies the Navier-Stokes equation by adding a Darcy force term to formulate a single set of equations to describe fluid momentum and uses a generalized equation to describe fluid mass balance. The advantage of the approach is that the single set of the equations can describe hydrological processes in both surface water and groundwater where different models are traditionally required to simulate fluid flow. This feature of the UMSM significantly facilitates modelling of hydrological processes in ecosystems, especially at locations where soil/sediment may be frequently inundated and drained in response to precipitation, regional hydrological and climate changes. In this paper, the UMSM was benchmarked using WASH123D, a model commonly used for simulating coupled surface water and groundwater flow. Disney Wilderness Preserve (DWP) site at the Kissimmee, Florida, where active field monitoring and measurements are ongoing to understand hydrological and biogeochemical processes, was then used as an example to illustrate the UMSM modelling approach. The simulations results demonstrated that the DWP site is subject to the frequent changes in soil saturation, the geometry and volume of surface water bodies, and groundwater and surface water exchange. All the hydrological phenomena in surface water and groundwater components including inundation and draining, river bank flow, groundwater table change, soil saturation, hydrological interactions between groundwater and surface water, and the migration of surface water and groundwater interfaces can be simultaneously simulated using the UMSM. Overall, the UMSM offers a cross-scale approach that is particularly suitable to simulate coupled surface and ground water flow in ecosystems with strong surface water and groundwater interactions. JF - Ecological Modelling AU - Yang, Xiaofan AU - Liu, Chongxuan AU - Fang, Yilin AU - Hinkle, Ross AU - Li, Hong-Yi AU - Bailey, Vanessa AU - Bond-Lamberty, Ben AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA Y1 - 2015/01// PY - 2015 DA - January 2015 SP - 93 EP - 101 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 296 SN - 0304-3800, 0304-3800 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Multi-scale modelling KW - Computational fluid dynamics KW - Groundwater flow KW - Groundwater and surface water interactions KW - USA, Florida KW - Ecosystems KW - Surface water KW - Rainfall KW - Migration KW - Models KW - Soil KW - Hydrologic Models KW - Ground water KW - Modelling KW - Soil Saturation KW - Mathematical models KW - Biogeochemistry KW - Simulation KW - Precipitation KW - Sediments KW - River banks KW - Surface-groundwater Relations KW - Navier-Stokes equations KW - Wilderness KW - Monitoring KW - Groundwater KW - Water bodies KW - Groundwater Movement KW - Fluid flow KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - ENA 09:Land Use & Planning KW - SW 0810:General KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04030:Models, Methods, Remote Sensing KW - Q2 09261:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1647001862?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Modelling&rft.atitle=Simulations+of+ecosystem+hydrological+processes+using+a+unified+multi-scale+model&rft.au=Yang%2C+Xiaofan%3BLiu%2C+Chongxuan%3BFang%2C+Yilin%3BHinkle%2C+Ross%3BLi%2C+Hong-Yi%3BBailey%2C+Vanessa%3BBond-Lamberty%2C+Ben&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=Xiaofan&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=296&rft.issue=&rft.spage=93&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Modelling&rft.issn=03043800&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ecolmodel.2014.10.032 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - River banks; Mathematical models; Navier-Stokes equations; Biogeochemistry; Water bodies; Fluid flow; Modelling; Soil; Surface water; Wilderness; Ground water; Precipitation; Migration; Sediments; Models; Rainfall; Simulation; Groundwater; Soil Saturation; Hydrologic Models; Ecosystems; Surface-groundwater Relations; Monitoring; Groundwater Movement; USA, Florida DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2014.10.032 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - New insights into reaction mechanisms of ethanol steam reforming on Co-ZrO sub(2) AN - 1642225682; 20972632 AB - The reaction pathway of ethanol steam reforming on Co-ZrO sub(2) has been identified and the active sites associated with each step are proposed. Ethanol is converted into acetaldehyde and then into acetone, followed by acetone steam reforming. More than 90% of carbon was found to follow this reaction pathway. N sub(2) sorption, X-ray diffraction (XRD), temperature-programmed reduction (TPR), in situ X-ray photo-electron spectroscopy (XPS), transmission electron microscopy, as well as theoretical density functional theory (DFT) calculations have been employed to identify the structure and functionality of the catalysts, which was further used to correlate their performance in ethanol steam reforming (ESR). It was found that metallic cobalt is mainly responsible for the acetone steam-reforming reactions, while CoO and basic sites on the support play a key role in converting ethanol into acetone via dehydrogenation and condensation/ketonization reaction pathways. The current work provides fundamental understanding of the ethanol steam-reforming reaction mechanisms on Co-ZrO sub(2) catalysts and sheds light on the rational design of selective and durable ethanol steam-reforming catalysts. JF - Applied Catalysis B: Environmental AU - Sun, Junming AU - Karim, Ayman M AU - Mei, Donghai AU - Engelhard, Mark AU - Bao, Xinhe AU - Wang, Yong AD - The Gene & Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA Y1 - 2015/01// PY - 2015 DA - Jan 2015 SP - 141 EP - 148 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 162 SN - 0926-3373, 0926-3373 KW - Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts (SO); Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); METADEX (MD); Advanced Polymers Abstracts (EP); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Composites Industry Abstracts (ED); Engineered Materials Abstracts, Ceramics (EC); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Ethanol steam reforming KW - Cobalt KW - Reaction pathway KW - Acetone KW - Oxidation state KW - X-rays KW - Pathways KW - Ethyl alcohol KW - Catalysts KW - Reforming KW - Ethanol KW - Catalysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1642225682?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Catalysis+B%3A+Environmental&rft.atitle=New+insights+into+reaction+mechanisms+of+ethanol+steam+reforming+on+Co-ZrO+sub%282%29&rft.au=Sun%2C+Junming%3BKarim%2C+Ayman+M%3BMei%2C+Donghai%3BEngelhard%2C+Mark%3BBao%2C+Xinhe%3BWang%2C+Yong&rft.aulast=Sun&rft.aufirst=Junming&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=162&rft.issue=&rft.spage=141&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Catalysis+B%3A+Environmental&rft.issn=09263373&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.apcatb.2014.06.043 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 57 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-07 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2014.06.043 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Synthesis and evaluation of Cu/SAPO-34 catalysts for NH sub(3)-SCR 2: Solid-state ion exchange and one-pot synthesis AN - 1642216237; 20972675 AB - Cu/SAPO-34 catalysts are synthesized using two methods: solid-state ion exchange (SSIE) and one-pot synthesis. SSIE is conducted by calcining SAPO-34/CuO mixtures at elevated temperatures. For the one-pot synthesis method, Cu-containing chemicals (CuO and CuSO sub(4)) are added during gel preparation. A high-temperature calcination step is also needed for this latter method. Catalysts are characterized with surface area/pore volume measurements, temperature programmed reduction (TPR), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopies, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Catalytic properties are examined using standard ammonia selective catalytic reduction (NH sub(3)-SCR) and ammonia oxidation reactions. For Cu/SAPO-34 samples prepared by SSIE, Cu presents both as isolated Cu super(2+) ions and unreacted CuO. The former are highly active and selective in NH3-SCR, while the latter catalyzes a side reaction; notably, the non-selective oxidation of NH sub(3) above 350 [degrees]C. Using the one-pot method followed by a high-temperature aging treatment, it is possible to form Cu/SAPO-34 samples with predominately isolated Cu super(2+) ions at low Cu loadings. However at much higher Cu loadings, isolated Cu super(2+) ions that bind weakly with the CHA framework and CuO clusters also form. These Cu moieties are very active in catalyzing non-selective NH sub(3) oxidation above 350 [degrees]C. At very low reaction temperature temperatures (<155[degrees]C), standard NH sub(3)-SCR over Cu/SAPO-34 catalysts appears to be kinetically limited. However at higher temperatures, multiple rate limiting factors are possible. JF - Applied Catalysis B: Environmental AU - Gao, Feng AU - Walter, Eric D AU - Washton, Nancy M AU - Szanyi, Janos AU - Peden, Charles HF AD - Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, United States feng.gao@pnnl.gov PY - 2015 SP - 501 EP - 514 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 162 SN - 0926-3373, 0926-3373 KW - Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts (SO); METADEX (MD); Advanced Polymers Abstracts (EP); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Composites Industry Abstracts (ED); Engineered Materials Abstracts, Ceramics (EC); Corrosion Abstracts (CO); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE); Copper Technical Reference Library (CD) KW - Selective catalytic reduction KW - Chabazite KW - SAPO-34 KW - Cu/SAPO-34 KW - Diesel engine KW - Emission control KW - NOx KW - CATALYSTS KW - STANDARDS KW - FABRICATION KW - CU KW - ION EXCHANGE KW - Copper KW - Ion exchangers KW - AGING MECHANISMS KW - Oxidation KW - COPPER OXIDE KW - Standards KW - Catalysts KW - NMR KW - Synthesis KW - OXIDATION KW - COPPER SULFATE KW - Nuclear magnetic resonance KW - Catalysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1642216237?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Catalysis+B%3A+Environmental&rft.atitle=Synthesis+and+evaluation+of+Cu%2FSAPO-34+catalysts+for+NH+sub%283%29-SCR+2%3A+Solid-state+ion+exchange+and+one-pot+synthesis&rft.au=Gao%2C+Feng%3BWalter%2C+Eric+D%3BWashton%2C+Nancy+M%3BSzanyi%2C+Janos%3BPeden%2C+Charles+HF&rft.aulast=Gao&rft.aufirst=Feng&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=162&rft.issue=&rft.spage=501&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Catalysis+B%3A+Environmental&rft.issn=09263373&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.apcatb.2014.07.029 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 43 N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-06 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2014.07.029 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Light-absorbing particles in snow and ice: Measurement and modeling of climatic and hydrological impact AN - 1635030228; 21110449 AB - Light absorbing particles (LAP, e.g., black carbon, brown carbon, and dust) influence water and energy budgets of the atmosphere and snowpack in multiple ways. In addition to their effects associated with atmospheric heating by absorption of solar radiation and interactions with clouds, LAP in snow on land and ice can reduce the surface reflectance (a.k.a., surface darkening), which is likely to accelerate the snow aging process and further reduces snow albedo and increases the speed of snowpack melt. LAP in snow and ice (LAPSI) has been identified as one of major forcings affecting climate change, e.g. in the fourth and fifth assessment reports of IPCC. However, the uncertainty level in quantifying this effect remains very high. In this review paper, we document various technical methods of measuring LAPSI and review the progress made in measuring the LAPSI in Arctic, Tibetan Plateau and other mid-latitude regions. We also report the progress in modeling the mass concentrations, albedo reduction, radiative forcing, and climatic and hydrological impact of LAPSI at global and regional scales. Finally we identify some research needs for reducing the uncertainties in the impact of LAPSI on global and regional climate and the hydrological cycle. JF - Advances in Atmospheric Sciences AU - Qian, Yun AU - Yasunari, Teppei J AU - Doherty, Sarah J AU - Flanner, Mark G AU - Lau, William KM AU - Ming, Jing AU - Wang, Hailong AU - Wang, Mo AU - Warren, Stephen G AU - Zhang, Rudong AD - Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA, yun.qian@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2015/01// PY - 2015 DA - January 2015 SP - 64 EP - 91 PB - China Ocean Press, 8 Dahuisi Beijing 100081 China VL - 32 IS - 1 SN - 0256-1530, 0256-1530 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Reflectance KW - Light absorption KW - Hydrologic Models KW - Radiative forcing KW - Absorption KW - Ice KW - Hydrologic analysis KW - Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change KW - Clouds KW - Snowpack KW - Atmospheric heating KW - Aging KW - Climate change KW - Black carbon aerosols KW - Regional climates KW - Particulates KW - Solar radiation KW - Dust KW - Plateaus KW - Carbon KW - Assessments KW - Snow KW - Albedo KW - Snow and ice KW - Polar environments KW - Snow cover KW - Dusts KW - Energy budget KW - PN, Arctic KW - China, People's Rep., Xizang, Tibetan Plateau KW - Reviews KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - M2 556:General (556) KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - SW 0820:Snow, ice and frost UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1635030228?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+Atmospheric+Sciences&rft.atitle=Light-absorbing+particles+in+snow+and+ice%3A+Measurement+and+modeling+of+climatic+and+hydrological+impact&rft.au=Qian%2C+Yun%3BYasunari%2C+Teppei+J%3BDoherty%2C+Sarah+J%3BFlanner%2C+Mark+G%3BLau%2C+William+KM%3BMing%2C+Jing%3BWang%2C+Hailong%3BWang%2C+Mo%3BWarren%2C+Stephen+G%3BZhang%2C+Rudong&rft.aulast=Qian&rft.aufirst=Yun&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=64&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+Atmospheric+Sciences&rft.issn=02561530&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00376-014-0010-0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-12-01 N1 - Number of references - 227 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Clouds; Light absorption; Reflectance; Snow; Albedo; Climate change; Aging; Dust; Energy budget; Hydrologic analysis; Atmospheric heating; Snow and ice; Regional climates; Black carbon aerosols; Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change; Solar radiation; Snow cover; Radiative forcing; Ice; Particulates; Polar environments; Plateaus; Reviews; Absorption; Snowpack; Hydrologic Models; Carbon; Assessments; Dusts; PN, Arctic; China, People's Rep., Xizang, Tibetan Plateau DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00376-014-0010-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Process-model simulations of cloud albedo enhancement by aerosols in the Arctic AN - 1808722539; PQ0003454975 AB - A cloud-resolving model is used to simulate the effectiveness of Arctic marine cloud brightening via injection of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN), either through geoengineering or other increased sources of Arctic aerosols. An updated cloud microphysical scheme is employed, with prognostic CCN and cloud particle numbers in both liquid and mixed-phase marine low clouds. Injection of CCN into the marine boundary layer can delay the collapse of the boundary layer and increase low-cloud albedo. Albedo increases are stronger for pure liquid clouds than mixed-phase clouds. Liquid precipitation can be suppressed by CCN injection, whereas ice precipitation (snow) is affected less; thus, the effectiveness of brightening mixed-phase clouds is lower than for liquid-only clouds. CCN injection into a clean regime results in a greater albedo increase than injection into a polluted regime, consistent with current knowledge about aerosol-cloud interactions. Unlike previous studies investigating warm clouds, dynamical changes in circulation owing to precipitation changes are small. According to these results, which are dependent upon the representation of ice nucleation processes in the employed microphysical scheme, Arctic geoengineering is unlikely to be effective as the sole means of altering the global radiation budget but could have substantial local radiative effects. JF - Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences AU - Kravitz, Ben AU - Wang, Hailong AU - Rasch, Philip J AU - Morrison, Hugh AU - Solomon, Amy B AD - Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, , MSIN K9-24, Richland, WA 99352, USA, ben.kravitz@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2014/12/28/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 28 SP - 20140052 PB - Royal Society of London, 6 Carlton House Terrace London SW1Y 5AG United Kingdom VL - 372 IS - 2031 SN - 1364-503X, 1364-503X KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - solar radiation management KW - aerosol-cloud interactions KW - Arctic clouds KW - process modelling KW - PN, Arctic KW - Clouds KW - Ice KW - Aerosols KW - Radiation KW - Snow KW - Albedo KW - Boundary layers KW - Simulation KW - Particulates KW - Polar environments KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1808722539?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philosophical+Transactions+of+the+Royal+Society+of+London%2C+Series+A%3A+Mathematical%2C+Physical+and+Engineering+Sciences&rft.atitle=Process-model+simulations+of+cloud+albedo+enhancement+by+aerosols+in+the+Arctic&rft.au=Kravitz%2C+Ben%3BWang%2C+Hailong%3BRasch%2C+Philip+J%3BMorrison%2C+Hugh%3BSolomon%2C+Amy+B&rft.aulast=Kravitz&rft.aufirst=Ben&rft.date=2014-12-28&rft.volume=372&rft.issue=2031&rft.spage=20140052&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Philosophical+Transactions+of+the+Royal+Society+of+London%2C+Series+A%3A+Mathematical%2C+Physical+and+Engineering+Sciences&rft.issn=1364503X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1098%2Frsta.2014.0052 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Clouds; Ice; Aerosols; Radiation; Snow; Boundary layers; Albedo; Simulation; Particulates; Polar environments; PN, Arctic DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2014.0052 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pathways of sulfate enhancement by natural and anthropogenic mineral aerosols in China AN - 1680753064; 2015-041562 AB - China, the world's largest consumer of coal, emits approximately 30 million tons of sulfur dioxide (SO (sub 2) ) per year. SO (sub 2) is subsequently oxidized to sulfate in the atmosphere. However, large gaps exist between model-predicted and measured sulfate levels in China. Long-term field observations and numerical simulations were integrated to investigate the effect of mineral aerosols on sulfate formation. We found that mineral aerosols contributed a nationwide average of approximately 22% to sulfate production in 2006. The increased sulfate concentration was approximately 2 mu g m (super -3) in the entire China. In East China and the Sichuan Basin, the increments reached 6.3 mu g m (super -3) and 7.3 mu g m (super -3) , respectively. Mineral aerosols led to faster SO (sub 2) oxidation through three pathways. First, more SO (sub 2) was dissolved as cloud water alkalinity increased due to water-soluble mineral cations. Sulfate production was then enhanced through the aqueous-phase oxidation of S(IV) (dissolved sulfur in oxidation state +4). The contribution to the national sulfate production was 5%. Second, sulfate was enhanced through S(IV) catalyzed oxidation by transition metals. The contribution to the annual sulfate production was 8%, with 19% during the winter that decreased to 2% during the summer. Third, SO (sub 2) reacts on the surface of mineral aerosols to produce sulfate. The contribution to the national average sulfate concentration was 9% with 16% during the winter and a negligible effect during the summer. The inclusion of mineral aerosols does resolve model discrepancies with sulfate observations in China, especially during the winter. These three pathways, which are not fully considered in most current chemistry-climate models, will significantly impact assessments regarding the effects of aerosol on climate change in China. Abstract Copyright (2014), American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres AU - Huang, Xin AU - Song, Yu AU - Zhao, Chun AU - Li, Mengmeng AU - Zhu, Tong AU - Zhang, Qiang AU - Zhang, Xiaoye Y1 - 2014/12/27/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 27 SP - 14165 EP - 14179 PB - Blackwell Wiley for American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 119 IS - 24 SN - 2169-897X, 2169-897X KW - sulfur dioxide KW - Far East KW - numerical models KW - sulfates KW - Sichuan Basin KW - clastic sediments KW - human activity KW - pollution KW - atmosphere KW - Sichuan China KW - solubility KW - air pollution KW - dust KW - sediments KW - aerosols KW - chemical composition KW - Asia KW - China KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1680753064?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.atitle=Pathways+of+sulfate+enhancement+by+natural+and+anthropogenic+mineral+aerosols+in+China&rft.au=Huang%2C+Xin%3BSong%2C+Yu%3BZhao%2C+Chun%3BLi%2C+Mengmeng%3BZhu%2C+Tong%3BZhang%2C+Qiang%3BZhang%2C+Xiaoye&rft.aulast=Huang&rft.aufirst=Xin&rft.date=2014-12-27&rft.volume=119&rft.issue=24&rft.spage=14165&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.issn=2169897X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2014JD022301 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%292169-8996 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerosols; air pollution; Asia; atmosphere; chemical composition; China; clastic sediments; dust; Far East; human activity; numerical models; pollution; sediments; Sichuan Basin; Sichuan China; solubility; sulfates; sulfur dioxide DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014JD022301 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of simulated water balance from Noah, Noah-MP, CLM, and VIC over CONUS using the NLDAS test bed AN - 1680751652; 2015-041558 AB - This study assesses the hydrologic performance of four land surface models (LSMs) for the conterminous United States using the North American Land Data Assimilation System (NLDAS) test bed. The four LSMs are the baseline community Noah LSM (Noah, version 2.8), the Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC, version 4.0.5) model, the substantially augmented Noah LSM with multiparameterization options (hence Noah-MP), and the Community Land Model version 4 (CLM4). All four models are driven by the same NLDAS-2 atmospheric forcing. Modeled terrestrial water storage (TWS), streamflow, evapotranspiration (ET), and soil moisture are compared with each other and evaluated against the identical observations. Relative to Noah, the other three models offer significant improvements in simulating TWS and streamflow and moderate improvements in simulating ET and soil moisture. Noah-MP provides the best performance in simulating soil moisture and is among the best in simulating TWS, CLM4 shows the best performance in simulating ET, and VIC ranks the highest in performing the streamflow simulations. Despite these improvements, CLM4, Noah-MP, and VIC exhibit deficiencies, such as the low variability of soil moisture in CLM4, the fast growth of spring ET in Noah-MP, and the constant overestimation of ET in VIC. Abstract Copyright (2014), American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres AU - Cai, Xitian AU - Yang, Zong-Liang AU - Xia, Youlong AU - Huang, Maoyi AU - Wei, Helin AU - Leung, L Ruby AU - Ek, Michael B Y1 - 2014/12/27/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 27 SP - 13751 EP - 13770 PB - Blackwell Wiley for American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 119 IS - 24 SN - 2169-897X, 2169-897X KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - water storage KW - terrestrial environment KW - moisture KW - water balance KW - evapotranspiration KW - models KW - streamflow KW - sustainable development KW - climate forcing KW - North American Land Data Assimilation System KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1680751652?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+simulated+water+balance+from+Noah%2C+Noah-MP%2C+CLM%2C+and+VIC+over+CONUS+using+the+NLDAS+test+bed&rft.au=Cai%2C+Xitian%3BYang%2C+Zong-Liang%3BXia%2C+Youlong%3BHuang%2C+Maoyi%3BWei%2C+Helin%3BLeung%2C+L+Ruby%3BEk%2C+Michael+B&rft.aulast=Cai&rft.aufirst=Xitian&rft.date=2014-12-27&rft.volume=119&rft.issue=24&rft.spage=13751&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.issn=2169897X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2014JD022113 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%292169-8996 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - climate forcing; evapotranspiration; hydrology; models; moisture; North American Land Data Assimilation System; soils; streamflow; sustainable development; terrestrial environment; water balance; water storage DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014JD022113 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development and validation of a slurry model for chemical hydrogen storage in fuel cell vehicle applications AN - 1627983342; 20888773 AB - The U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Hydrogen Storage Engineering Center of Excellence (HSECoE) is developing models for hydrogen storage systems for fuel cell-based light duty vehicle applications for a variety of promising materials. These transient models simulate the performance of the storage system for comparison to the DOE's Technical Targets and a set of four drive cycles. PNNL developed models to simulate the performance and suitability of slurry-based chemical hydrogen storage materials. The storage systems of both a representative exothermic system based on ammonia borane and an endothermic system based on alane were developed and modeled in Simulink(R). Once complete, the reactor and radiator components of the model were validated with experimental data. The system design parameters were adjusted to allow the model to successfully meet a highway cycle, an aggressive cycle, a cold-start cycle, and a hot drive cycle. Finally, a sensitivity analysis was performed to identify the range of material properties where these DOE targets and drive cycles could be met. Materials with a heat of reaction >11 kJ mol super(-1) H sub(2) generated and a slurry hydrogen capacity of >11.4% will meet the on-board efficiency and gravimetric capacity targets, respectively. JF - Journal of Power Sources AU - Brooks, Kriston P AU - Pires, Richard P AU - Simmons, Kevin L AD - Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, WA 99352, United States, Kriston.brooks@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2014/12/20/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 20 SP - 504 EP - 515 PB - Elesevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 271 SN - 0378-7753, 0378-7753 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Hydrogen storage KW - Fuel cell vehicles KW - Ammonia borane KW - Alane KW - Systems modeling KW - Sensitivity analysis KW - Storage KW - Fuel technology KW - Slurries KW - Ammonia KW - Energy KW - Hydrogen KW - Highways KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1627983342?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.atitle=Development+and+validation+of+a+slurry+model+for+chemical+hydrogen+storage+in+fuel+cell+vehicle+applications&rft.au=Brooks%2C+Kriston+P%3BPires%2C+Richard+P%3BSimmons%2C+Kevin+L&rft.aulast=Brooks&rft.aufirst=Kriston&rft.date=2014-12-20&rft.volume=271&rft.issue=&rft.spage=504&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.issn=03787753&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jpowsour.2014.07.186 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Storage; Fuel technology; Sensitivity analysis; Energy; Ammonia; Slurries; Hydrogen; Highways DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.07.186 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bayesian Proteoform Modeling Improves Protein Quantification of Global Proteomic Measurements AN - 1808675771; PQ0003457367 AB - As the capability of mass spectrometry-based proteomics has matured, tens of thousands of peptides can be measured simultaneously, which has the benefit of offering a systems view of protein expression. However, a major challenge is that, with an increase in throughput, protein quantification estimation from the native measured peptides has become a computational task. A limitation to existing computationally driven protein quantification methods is that most ignore protein variation, such as alternate splicing of the RNA transcript and post-translational modifications or other possible proteoforms, which will affect a significant fraction of the proteome. The consequence of this assumption is that statistical inference at the protein level, and consequently downstream analyses, such as network and pathway modeling, have only limited power for biomarker discovery. Here, we describe a Bayesian Proteoform Quantification model (BP-Quant) that uses statistically derived peptides signatures to identify peptides that are outside the dominant pattern or the existence of multiple overexpressed patterns to improve relative protein abundance estimates. It is a research-driven approach that utilizes the objectives of the experiment, defined in the context of a standard statistical hypothesis, to identify a set of peptides exhibiting similar statistical behavior relating to a protein. This approach infers that changes in relative protein abundance can be used as a surrogate for changes in function, without necessarily taking into account the effect of differential post-translational modifications, processing, or splicing in altering protein function. We verify the approach using a dilution study from mouse plasma samples and demonstrate that BP-Quant achieves similar accuracy as the current state-of-the-art methods at proteoform identification with significantly better specificity. BP-Quant is available as a MatLab registered and R packages. JF - Molecular and Cellular Proteomics AU - Webb-Robertson, Bobbie-Jo M AU - Matzke, Melissa M AU - Datta, Susmita AU - Payne, Samuel H AU - Kang, Jiyun AU - Bramer, Lisa M AU - Nicora, Carrie D AU - Shukla, Anil K AU - Metz, Thomas O AU - Rodland, Karin D AU - Smith, Richard D AU - Tardiff, Mark F AU - McDermott, Jason E AU - Pounds, Joel G AU - Waters, Katrina M AD - From the Applied Statistics and Computational Modeling, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354; , bj@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2014/12/16/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 16 SP - 3639 EP - 3646 PB - American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 9650 Rockville Pike Bethesda MD 20814-3996 United States VL - 13 IS - 12 SN - 1535-9476, 1535-9476 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Statistics KW - Mathematical models KW - Bayesian analysis KW - Statistical analysis KW - Transcription KW - Computer applications KW - biomarkers KW - Alternative splicing KW - Splicing KW - Post-translation KW - RNA KW - proteomics KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1808675771?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+and+Cellular+Proteomics&rft.atitle=Bayesian+Proteoform+Modeling+Improves+Protein+Quantification+of+Global+Proteomic+Measurements&rft.au=Webb-Robertson%2C+Bobbie-Jo+M%3BMatzke%2C+Melissa+M%3BDatta%2C+Susmita%3BPayne%2C+Samuel+H%3BKang%2C+Jiyun%3BBramer%2C+Lisa+M%3BNicora%2C+Carrie+D%3BShukla%2C+Anil+K%3BMetz%2C+Thomas+O%3BRodland%2C+Karin+D%3BSmith%2C+Richard+D%3BTardiff%2C+Mark+F%3BMcDermott%2C+Jason+E%3BPounds%2C+Joel+G%3BWaters%2C+Katrina+M&rft.aulast=Webb-Robertson&rft.aufirst=Bobbie-Jo&rft.date=2014-12-16&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=3639&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+and+Cellular+Proteomics&rft.issn=15359476&rft_id=info:doi/10.1074%2Fmcp.M113.030932 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Splicing; Mathematical models; Statistics; RNA; Post-translation; Bayesian analysis; Statistical analysis; Transcription; proteomics; Computer applications; biomarkers; Alternative splicing DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/mcp.M113.030932 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Combining FLUXNET data with atmospheric CO2 observations in a global data assimilation framework to study variability of carbon sources and sinks T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651745426; 6333237 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Asrar, Ghassem AU - Zeng, Ning AU - Kalnay, Eugenia AU - Penny, Steve AU - Kang, Ji-sun AU - Fung, Inez Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Data collection KW - Data processing KW - Carbon sources KW - Carbon dioxide UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651745426?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Combining+FLUXNET+data+with+atmospheric+CO2+observations+in+a+global+data+assimilation+framework+to+study+variability+of+carbon+sources+and+sinks&rft.au=Asrar%2C+Ghassem%3BZeng%2C+Ning%3BKalnay%2C+Eugenia%3BPenny%2C+Steve%3BKang%2C+Ji-sun%3BFung%2C+Inez&rft.aulast=Asrar&rft.aufirst=Ghassem&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Effects of phase states on reactions of secondary organic materials with chloride T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651745352; 6332512 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Laskin, Alexander AU - Wang, Bingbing AU - OBrien, Rachel AU - Kelly, Stephen AU - Shilling, John AU - Moffet, Ryan AU - Gilles, Mary Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Chloride UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651745352?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Effects+of+phase+states+on+reactions+of+secondary+organic+materials+with+chloride&rft.au=Laskin%2C+Alexander%3BWang%2C+Bingbing%3BOBrien%2C+Rachel%3BKelly%2C+Stephen%3BShilling%2C+John%3BMoffet%2C+Ryan%3BGilles%2C+Mary&rft.aulast=Laskin&rft.aufirst=Alexander&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Atmospheric Moisture Budget and Spatial Resolution Dependenceof Precipitation Extremes in Aquaplanet Simulations T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651744898; 6333166 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Yang, Qing AU - Leung, L AU - Rauscher, Sara AU - Ringler, Todd AU - Taylor, Mark Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Rainfall KW - Simulation KW - spatial discrimination KW - Budgets KW - Precipitation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651744898?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Atmospheric+Moisture+Budget+and+Spatial+Resolution+Dependenceof+Precipitation+Extremes+in+Aquaplanet+Simulations&rft.au=Yang%2C+Qing%3BLeung%2C+L%3BRauscher%2C+Sara%3BRingler%2C+Todd%3BTaylor%2C+Mark&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=Qing&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Uncertainty in Socioeconomic Pathways and Their Implications for Climate Forcing and Analysis--the Shared Socioeconomic Scenarios (SSPs) T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651744680; 6332883 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Edmonds, James Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Socio-economic aspects KW - Climate UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651744680?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Uncertainty+in+Socioeconomic+Pathways+and+Their+Implications+for+Climate+Forcing+and+Analysis--the+Shared+Socioeconomic+Scenarios+%28SSPs%29&rft.au=Edmonds%2C+James&rft.aulast=Edmonds&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The CalWater 2 - ARM Cloud Aerosol Precipitation Experiment (ACAPEX) T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651744468; 6334601 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Leung, Lai-Yung AU - Prather, Kimberly AU - Ralph, F AU - Rosenfeld, Daniel AU - Spackman, J AU - Fairall, Chris AU - DeMott, Paul AU - Fan, Jiwen AU - Zhao, Chun Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Clouds KW - Aerosols KW - Precipitation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651744468?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=The+CalWater+2+-+ARM+Cloud+Aerosol+Precipitation+Experiment+%28ACAPEX%29&rft.au=Leung%2C+Lai-Yung%3BPrather%2C+Kimberly%3BRalph%2C+F%3BRosenfeld%2C+Daniel%3BSpackman%2C+J%3BFairall%2C+Chris%3BDeMott%2C+Paul%3BFan%2C+Jiwen%3BZhao%2C+Chun&rft.aulast=Leung&rft.aufirst=Lai-Yung&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Observational Constraints on Modeling Growth and Evaporation Kinetics of Isoprene SOA T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651744116; 6331788 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Wang, Bingbing Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Growth rate KW - Evaporation KW - Kinetics KW - Isoprene UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651744116?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Observational+Constraints+on+Modeling+Growth+and+Evaporation+Kinetics+of+Isoprene+SOA&rft.au=Wang%2C+Bingbing&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Bingbing&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Inverse Modeling Via Linearized Functional Minimization T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651742622; 6333716 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Barajas-Solano, David AU - Wohlberg, Brendt AU - Vesselinov, Velimir AU - Tartakovsky, Daniel Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Geophysics KW - Earth sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651742622?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Inverse+Modeling+Via+Linearized+Functional+Minimization&rft.au=Barajas-Solano%2C+David%3BWohlberg%2C+Brendt%3BVesselinov%2C+Velimir%3BTartakovsky%2C+Daniel&rft.aulast=Barajas-Solano&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Akuna: An Open Source User Environment for Managing Subsurface Simulation Workflows T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651742483; 6334314 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Freedman, Vicky AU - Agarwal, Deb AU - Bensema, Kevin AU - Finsterle, Stefan AU - Gable, Carl AU - Keating, Elizabeth AU - Krishnan, Hari AU - Lansing, Carina AU - Moeglein, William AU - Pau, George AU - Porter, Ellen AU - Scheibe, Timothy Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Simulation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651742483?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Akuna%3A+An+Open+Source+User+Environment+for+Managing+Subsurface+Simulation+Workflows&rft.au=Freedman%2C+Vicky%3BAgarwal%2C+Deb%3BBensema%2C+Kevin%3BFinsterle%2C+Stefan%3BGable%2C+Carl%3BKeating%2C+Elizabeth%3BKrishnan%2C+Hari%3BLansing%2C+Carina%3BMoeglein%2C+William%3BPau%2C+George%3BPorter%2C+Ellen%3BScheibe%2C+Timothy&rft.aulast=Freedman&rft.aufirst=Vicky&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Biogenic VOC and Climate T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651741851; 6333223 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Guenther, Alex Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Climate KW - Volatile organic compounds UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651741851?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Biogenic+VOC+and+Climate&rft.au=Guenther%2C+Alex&rft.aulast=Guenther&rft.aufirst=Alex&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - A Holistic Approach to Climate and Health Research: Respiratory and Infectious Diseases T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651741822; 6329220 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Asrar, Ghassem AU - Alonoso, Wladimir AU - McCormick, Benjamin AU - Schuck-Paim, Cynthia AU - Miller, Mark Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Infectious diseases KW - Respiration KW - Climate KW - Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651741822?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=A+Holistic+Approach+to+Climate+and+Health+Research%3A+Respiratory+and+Infectious+Diseases&rft.au=Asrar%2C+Ghassem%3BAlonoso%2C+Wladimir%3BMcCormick%2C+Benjamin%3BSchuck-Paim%2C+Cynthia%3BMiller%2C+Mark&rft.aulast=Asrar&rft.aufirst=Ghassem&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - BLACK Carbon Emissions from Diesel Sources in the Largest Arctic City: Case Study of Murmansk T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651741424; 6333210 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Evans, Meredydd AU - Kholod, Nazar AU - Malyshev, Vladimir AU - Tretyakova, Svetlana AU - Gusev, Evgeny AU - Yu, Sha AU - Barinov, Alexander Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Black carbon KW - Case studies KW - black carbon KW - Emissions KW - Russia, Murmansk KW - Diesel KW - Polar environments KW - Arctic KW - Urban areas UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651741424?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=BLACK+Carbon+Emissions+from+Diesel+Sources+in+the+Largest+Arctic+City%3A+Case+Study+of+Murmansk&rft.au=Evans%2C+Meredydd%3BKholod%2C+Nazar%3BMalyshev%2C+Vladimir%3BTretyakova%2C+Svetlana%3BGusev%2C+Evgeny%3BYu%2C+Sha%3BBarinov%2C+Alexander&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=Meredydd&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Elucidating the Physical and Chemical Structural Changes of Proteins on Clay Mineral Surfaces using Large-scale Molecular Dynamics Simulations in Tandem with NMR Spectroscopy T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651740551; 6330389 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Andersen, Amity AU - Govind, Niranjan AU - Washton, Nancy AU - Reardon, Patrick AU - Chacon, Stephany AU - Burton, Sarah AU - Lipton, Andrew AU - Kleber, Markus AU - Qafoku, Nikolla Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Magnetic resonance spectroscopy KW - Simulation KW - N.M.R. KW - Spectroscopy KW - Minerals KW - Clays UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651740551?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Elucidating+the+Physical+and+Chemical+Structural+Changes+of+Proteins+on+Clay+Mineral+Surfaces+using+Large-scale+Molecular+Dynamics+Simulations+in+Tandem+with+NMR+Spectroscopy&rft.au=Andersen%2C+Amity%3BGovind%2C+Niranjan%3BWashton%2C+Nancy%3BReardon%2C+Patrick%3BChacon%2C+Stephany%3BBurton%2C+Sarah%3BLipton%2C+Andrew%3BKleber%2C+Markus%3BQafoku%2C+Nikolla&rft.aulast=Andersen&rft.aufirst=Amity&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Cloud-Resolving Model Simulations of Aerosol-Cloud Interactions Triggered by Strong Aerosol Emissions in the Arctic T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651740426; 6329032 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Wang, Hailong AU - Kravitz, Ben AU - Rasch, Philip AU - Morrison, Hugh AU - Solomon, Amy Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Aerosols KW - Emissions KW - Simulation KW - Polar environments KW - Arctic KW - Models UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651740426?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Cloud-Resolving+Model+Simulations+of+Aerosol-Cloud+Interactions+Triggered+by+Strong+Aerosol+Emissions+in+the+Arctic&rft.au=Wang%2C+Hailong%3BKravitz%2C+Ben%3BRasch%2C+Philip%3BMorrison%2C+Hugh%3BSolomon%2C+Amy&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Hailong&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Probing Molecular Composition of Soil Organic Matter with Nanospray Desorption Electrospray Ionization (nano-DESI) High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651740034; 6329375 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Laskin, Alexander AU - Laskin, Julia AU - Nizkorodov, Sergey Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Soil KW - Desorption KW - Organic matter KW - Soils (organic) KW - Mass spectroscopy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651740034?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Probing+Molecular+Composition+of+Soil+Organic+Matter+with+Nanospray+Desorption+Electrospray+Ionization+%28nano-DESI%29+High-Resolution+Mass+Spectrometry&rft.au=Laskin%2C+Alexander%3BLaskin%2C+Julia%3BNizkorodov%2C+Sergey&rft.aulast=Laskin&rft.aufirst=Alexander&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Toward a Better Characterization of Aerosols, Clouds, and Aerosol-Cloud Interactions in Climate Modeling through Increasing Horizontal Resolution T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651739422; 6330797 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Ma, Po-Lun Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Clouds KW - Aerosols KW - Climate UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651739422?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Toward+a+Better+Characterization+of+Aerosols%2C+Clouds%2C+and+Aerosol-Cloud+Interactions+in+Climate+Modeling+through+Increasing+Horizontal+Resolution&rft.au=Ma%2C+Po-Lun&rft.aulast=Ma&rft.aufirst=Po-Lun&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Aircraft measurements of the impacts of urban plume on cloud activation properties during GoAmazon - preliminary results T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651738609; 6328941 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Mei, Fan AU - Comstock, Jennifer AU - Wang, Jian AU - Tomlinson, Jason AU - Hubbe, John AU - Schmid, Beat AU - Martin, Scot AU - Longo, Karla AU - Kuang, Chongai AU - Chand, Duli AU - Pekour, Mikhail AU - Shilling, John Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Clouds KW - Aircraft KW - Plumes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651738609?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Aircraft+measurements+of+the+impacts+of+urban+plume+on+cloud+activation+properties+during+GoAmazon+-+preliminary+results&rft.au=Mei%2C+Fan%3BComstock%2C+Jennifer%3BWang%2C+Jian%3BTomlinson%2C+Jason%3BHubbe%2C+John%3BSchmid%2C+Beat%3BMartin%2C+Scot%3BLongo%2C+Karla%3BKuang%2C+Chongai%3BChand%2C+Duli%3BPekour%2C+Mikhail%3BShilling%2C+John&rft.aulast=Mei&rft.aufirst=Fan&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Gas- and particle-phase chemical composition measurements onboard the G-1 research aircraft during the GoAmazon campaign T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651738368; 6328940 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Shilling, John AU - Pekour, Mikhail AU - Fortner, Edward AU - Hubbe, John AU - Longo, Karla AU - Martin, Scot AU - Mei, Fan AU - Springston, Stephen AU - Tomlinson, Jason AU - Wang, Jian Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Chemical composition KW - Aircraft KW - Particulates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651738368?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Gas-+and+particle-phase+chemical+composition+measurements+onboard+the+G-1+research+aircraft+during+the+GoAmazon+campaign&rft.au=Shilling%2C+John%3BPekour%2C+Mikhail%3BFortner%2C+Edward%3BHubbe%2C+John%3BLongo%2C+Karla%3BMartin%2C+Scot%3BMei%2C+Fan%3BSpringston%2C+Stephen%3BTomlinson%2C+Jason%3BWang%2C+Jian&rft.aulast=Shilling&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Reactivity of Tc at the Groundwater-Surface Water Interface T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651738180; 6328612 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Zachara, John AU - McKinley, Jim AU - Fredrickson, Jim Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Geophysics KW - Earth sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651738180?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Reactivity+of+Tc+at+the+Groundwater-Surface+Water+Interface&rft.au=Zachara%2C+John%3BMcKinley%2C+Jim%3BFredrickson%2C+Jim&rft.aulast=Zachara&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Spatially resolved delta13C analysis using laser ablation isotope ratio mass spectrometry T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651738067; 6329371 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Moran, James AU - Riha, Krystin AU - Nims, Megan AU - Linley, Timothy AU - Hess, Nancy AU - Nico, Peter Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Isotopes KW - Lasers KW - Ablation KW - Mass spectroscopy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651738067?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Spatially+resolved+delta13C+analysis+using+laser+ablation+isotope+ratio+mass+spectrometry&rft.au=Moran%2C+James%3BRiha%2C+Krystin%3BNims%2C+Megan%3BLinley%2C+Timothy%3BHess%2C+Nancy%3BNico%2C+Peter&rft.aulast=Moran&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Evidence of Clear-Sky Daylight Whitening: Are we already conducting geoengineering? T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651737430; 6334592 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Long, Charles AU - Barnard, Jim AU - Flynn, Connor Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Geophysics KW - Earth sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651737430?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Evidence+of+Clear-Sky+Daylight+Whitening%3A+Are+we+already+conducting+geoengineering%3F&rft.au=Long%2C+Charles%3BBarnard%2C+Jim%3BFlynn%2C+Connor&rft.aulast=Long&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Impacts of drought on the water and energy systems T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651736932; 6334841 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Leung, Lai-Yung AU - Huang, Maoyi AU - Li, Hong-Yi AU - Voisin, Nathalie AU - Hejazi, Mohamad AU - Patel, Pralit AU - Zhou, Yuyu AU - Dirks, James Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Energy KW - Droughts UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651736932?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Impacts+of+drought+on+the+water+and+energy+systems&rft.au=Leung%2C+Lai-Yung%3BHuang%2C+Maoyi%3BLi%2C+Hong-Yi%3BVoisin%2C+Nathalie%3BHejazi%2C+Mohamad%3BPatel%2C+Pralit%3BZhou%2C+Yuyu%3BDirks%2C+James&rft.aulast=Leung&rft.aufirst=Lai-Yung&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Coupled Hydrogeophysical Inversion for Characterizing Heterogeneous Permeability Field at a Groundwater-River Water Interaction Zone T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651736894; 6334561 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Chen, Xingyuan AU - Johnson, Tim AU - Hammond, Glenn AU - Zachara, John Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Permeability KW - Inversion UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651736894?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Coupled+Hydrogeophysical+Inversion+for+Characterizing+Heterogeneous+Permeability+Field+at+a+Groundwater-River+Water+Interaction+Zone&rft.au=Chen%2C+Xingyuan%3BJohnson%2C+Tim%3BHammond%2C+Glenn%3BZachara%2C+John&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Xingyuan&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Proteome-wide Light/Dark Modulation of Thiol Oxidation in Cyanobacteria Revealed by Quantitative Site-specific Redox Proteomics AN - 1808652219; PQ0003457341 AB - Reversible protein thiol oxidation is an essential regulatory mechanism of photosynthesis, metabolism, and gene expression in photosynthetic organisms. Herein, we present proteome-wide quantitative and site-specific profiling of in vivo thiol oxidation modulated by light/dark in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803, an oxygenic photosynthetic prokaryote, using a resin-assisted thiol enrichment approach. Our proteomic approach integrates resin-assisted enrichment with isobaric tandem mass tag labeling to enable site-specific and quantitative measurements of reversibly oxidized thiols. The redox dynamics of similar to 2,100 Cys-sites from 1,060 proteins under light, dark, and 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea (a photosystem II inhibitor) conditions were quantified. In addition to relative quantification, the stoichiometry or percentage of oxidation (reversibly oxidized/total thiols) for similar to 1,350 Cys-sites was also quantified. The overall results revealed broad changes in thiol oxidation in many key biological processes, including photosynthetic electron transport, carbon fixation, and glycolysis. Moreover, the redox sensitivity along with the stoichiometric data enabled prediction of potential functional Cys-sites for proteins of interest. The functional significance of redox-sensitive Cys-sites in NADP-dependent glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, peroxiredoxin (AhpC/TSA family protein Sll1621), and glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase was further confirmed with site-specific mutagenesis and biochemical studies. Together, our findings provide significant insights into the broad redox regulation of photosynthetic organisms. JF - Molecular and Cellular Proteomics AU - Guo, Jia AU - Nguyen, Amelia Y AU - Dai, Ziyu AU - Su, Dian AU - Gaffrey, Matthew J AU - Moore, Ronald J AU - Jacobs, Jon M AU - Monroe, Matthew E AU - Smith, Richard D AU - Koppenaal, David W AU - Pakrasi, Himadri B AU - Qian, Wei-Jun AD - From the Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, 99352; , weijun.qian@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2014/12/12/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 12 SP - 3270 EP - 3285 PB - American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 9650 Rockville Pike Bethesda MD 20814-3996 United States VL - 13 IS - 12 SN - 1535-9476, 1535-9476 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Synechocystis KW - Data processing KW - Photosynthesis KW - Peroxiredoxin KW - Glucose dehydrogenase KW - Light effects KW - Mutagenesis KW - Gene expression KW - Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase KW - Cyanobacteria KW - protein thiols KW - Oxidation KW - Thiols KW - Protein turnover KW - Prokaryotes KW - proteomics KW - Electron transport KW - Photosystem II KW - Glycolysis KW - Carbon fixation KW - K 03410:Animal Diseases KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1808652219?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+and+Cellular+Proteomics&rft.atitle=Proteome-wide+Light%2FDark+Modulation+of+Thiol+Oxidation+in+Cyanobacteria+Revealed+by+Quantitative+Site-specific+Redox+Proteomics&rft.au=Guo%2C+Jia%3BNguyen%2C+Amelia+Y%3BDai%2C+Ziyu%3BSu%2C+Dian%3BGaffrey%2C+Matthew+J%3BMoore%2C+Ronald+J%3BJacobs%2C+Jon+M%3BMonroe%2C+Matthew+E%3BSmith%2C+Richard+D%3BKoppenaal%2C+David+W%3BPakrasi%2C+Himadri+B%3BQian%2C+Wei-Jun&rft.aulast=Guo&rft.aufirst=Jia&rft.date=2014-12-12&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=3270&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+and+Cellular+Proteomics&rft.issn=15359476&rft_id=info:doi/10.1074%2Fmcp.M114.041160 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Data processing; Photosynthesis; Peroxiredoxin; Glucose dehydrogenase; Mutagenesis; Light effects; Gene expression; Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; protein thiols; Thiols; Oxidation; Protein turnover; proteomics; Prokaryotes; Electron transport; Glycolysis; Photosystem II; Carbon fixation; Synechocystis; Cyanobacteria DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/mcp.M114.041160 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Slurry-based chemical hydrogen storage systems for automotive fuel cell applications AN - 1611641449; 20658289 AB - In this paper, the system designs for hydrogen storage using chemical hydrogen materials in an 80-kWe fuel cell, light-duty vehicle are described. Ammonia borane and alane are used for these designs to represent the general classes of exothermic and endothermic materials. The designs are then compared to the USDRIVE/DOE-developed set of system-level targets for onboard storage. While most DOE targets are predicted to be achieved based on the modeling, the system gravimetric and volumetric densities were more challenging and became the focus of this work. The resulting system evaluation determined that the slurry accounts for the majority of the system mass. Only modest reductions in the system mass can be expected with improvements in the balance-of-plant components. Most of the gravimetric improvements will require developing materials with higher inherent storage capacity or by increasing the solids loading of the chemical hydrogen storage material in the slurry. JF - Journal of Power Sources AU - Brooks, Kriston P AU - Semelsberger, Troy A AU - Simmons, Kevin L AU - van Hassel, Bart AD - Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, WA 99352, United States, Kriston.brooks@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2014/12/05/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 05 SP - 950 EP - 959 PB - Elesevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 268 SN - 0378-7753, 0378-7753 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Chemical hydrogen storage KW - Fuel cell vehicle KW - System design KW - Ammonia borane KW - Alane slurries KW - Storage KW - Fuel technology KW - Slurries KW - Ammonia KW - Hydrogen KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1611641449?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.atitle=Slurry-based+chemical+hydrogen+storage+systems+for+automotive+fuel+cell+applications&rft.au=Brooks%2C+Kriston+P%3BSemelsberger%2C+Troy+A%3BSimmons%2C+Kevin+L%3Bvan+Hassel%2C+Bart&rft.aulast=Brooks&rft.aufirst=Kriston&rft.date=2014-12-05&rft.volume=268&rft.issue=&rft.spage=950&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.issn=03787753&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jpowsour.2014.05.145 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Storage; Fuel technology; Ammonia; Slurries; Hydrogen DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.05.145 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of SHF and SSF of wet exploded corn stover and loblolly pine using in-house enzymes produced from T. reesei RUT C30 and A. saccharolyticus AN - 1868338066; PQ0004058328 AB - The aim of the present study was to compare bioethanol production from wet exploded corn stover (WECS) and loblolly pine (WELP) hydrolyzed with in-house and commercial enzymes and fermented separately (SHF) and simultaneously (SSF). In-house enzymes produced from Trichoderma reesei, RUT-C30 and a novel fungal strain, Aspergillus saccharolyticus were loaded as 5 and 15 FPU/g glucan and supplemented with 10 and 30 CBU/g glucan, respectively. For hydrolysis and fermentation, slurries of WECS and WELP at 5 and 10% (w/w) solids loading (SL) were utilized. Saccharomyces cerevisae was used for ethanol fermentation at 33 degree C. Maximally, 15.6 g/L and 13.4 g/L (corresponding to theoretical ethanol yield of 76% and 67%, respectively) were achieved in SSF process from WECS and WELP, respectively at 5% SL and 15 FPU/g glucan loading of in-house enzymes. Ethanol concentrations in all cases were higher for SSF compared to SHF under same conditions. A cross comparison of SSF with commercial enzymes (Celluclast 1.5 L+Novozym 188) showed highest ethanol concentration of 17.3 g/L and 15.4 g/L (corresponding to theoretical ethanol yield of 84% and 77%, respectively) from WECS and WELP, respectively at 5% SL and 15 FPU/g glucan. These findings demonstrated that in-house enzymes were comparable to commercial enzymes as these fungi produced other lignocellulolytic enzymes beyond cellulase and hence enhanced the overall enzyme activity. JF - SpringerPlus AU - Rana, Vandana AU - Eckard, Anahita D AU - Ahring, Birgitte K AD - grid.30064.31, 0000000121576568, Bioproducts, Sciences and Engineering Laboratory (BSEL), Washington State University, 2710 Crimson Way, Richland, WA, 99354-1671, USA, bka@tricity.wsu.edu Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - 1 EP - 13 PB - Springer Science & Business Media, Cham VL - 3 IS - 1 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Fermentation KW - Fungi KW - Enzymes KW - Aspergillus KW - Hydrolysis KW - Cellulase KW - Saccharomyces KW - Slurries KW - Hypocrea jecorina KW - glucans KW - Biofuels KW - Ethanol KW - W 30910:Imaging UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1868338066?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SpringerPlus&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+SHF+and+SSF+of+wet+exploded+corn+stover+and+loblolly+pine+using+in-house+enzymes+produced+from+T.+reesei+RUT+C30+and+A.+saccharolyticus&rft.au=Rana%2C+Vandana%3BEckard%2C+Anahita+D%3BAhring%2C+Birgitte+K&rft.aulast=Rana&rft.aufirst=Vandana&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SpringerPlus&rft.issn=2193-1801&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F2193-1801-3-516 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fermentation; Fungi; Slurries; Enzymes; Hydrolysis; Cellulase; Biofuels; glucans; Ethanol; Saccharomyces; Hypocrea jecorina; Aspergillus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2193-1801-3-516 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Anomalous porosity preservation and preferential accumulation of gas hydrate in the Andaman accretionary wedge, NGHP-01 Site 17A AN - 1840615684; 2016-097416 AB - In addition to well established properties that control the presence or absence of the hydrate stability zone, such as pressure, temperature, and salinity, additional parameters appear to influence the concentration of gas hydrate in host sediments. The stratigraphic record at Site 17A in the Andaman Sea, eastern Indian Ocean, illustrates the need to better understand the role pore-scale phenomena play in the distribution and presence of marine gas hydrates in a variety of subsurface settings. In this paper we integrate field-generated datasets with newly acquired sedimentology, physical property, imaging and geochemical data with mineral saturation and ion activity products of key mineral phases such as amorphous silica and calcite, to document the presence and nature of secondary precipitates that contributed to anomalous porosity preservation at Site 17A in the Andaman Sea. This study demonstrates the importance of grain-scale subsurface heterogeneities in controlling the occurrence and distribution of concentrated gas hydrate accumulations in marine sediments, and document the importance that increased permeability and enhanced porosity play in supporting gas concentrations sufficient to support gas hydrate formation. The grain scale relationships between porosity, permeability, and gas hydrate saturation documented at Site 17A likely offer insights into what may control the occurrence and distribution of gas hydrate in other sedimentary settings. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Marine and Petroleum Geology AU - Rose, Kelly K AU - Johnson, Joel E AU - Torres, Marta E AU - Hong, Wei-Li AU - Giosan, Liviu AU - Solomon, Evan A AU - Kastner, Miriam AU - Cawthern, Thomas AU - Long, Philip E AU - Todd Schaef, H Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - 99 EP - 116 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 58 IS - Part A SN - 0264-8172, 0264-8172 KW - calcium KW - petroleum exploration KW - lithostratigraphy KW - magnesium KW - gas hydrates KW - offshore KW - natural gas KW - Andaman Sea KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - petroleum KW - Indian National Gas Hydrate Program KW - cores KW - size distribution KW - marine sediments KW - infrared methods KW - Indian Ocean KW - silica KW - sediments KW - geochemistry KW - alkaline earth metals KW - methane KW - grain size KW - geophysical methods KW - electron microscopy data KW - alkanes KW - hydrochemistry KW - porosity KW - physical properties KW - organic compounds KW - boreholes KW - metals KW - hydrocarbons KW - accretionary wedges KW - carbonates KW - SEM data KW - pore water KW - permeability KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1840615684?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+and+Petroleum+Geology&rft.atitle=Anomalous+porosity+preservation+and+preferential+accumulation+of+gas+hydrate+in+the+Andaman+accretionary+wedge%2C+NGHP-01+Site+17A&rft.au=Rose%2C+Kelly+K%3BJohnson%2C+Joel+E%3BTorres%2C+Marta+E%3BHong%2C+Wei-Li%3BGiosan%2C+Liviu%3BSolomon%2C+Evan+A%3BKastner%2C+Miriam%3BCawthern%2C+Thomas%3BLong%2C+Philip+E%3BTodd+Schaef%2C+H&rft.aulast=Rose&rft.aufirst=Kelly&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=Part+A&rft.spage=99&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+and+Petroleum+Geology&rft.issn=02648172&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.marpetgeo.2014.04.009 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/02648172 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 78 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accretionary wedges; aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkaline earth metals; alkanes; Andaman Sea; boreholes; calcium; carbonates; cores; electron microscopy data; gas hydrates; geochemistry; geophysical methods; grain size; hydrocarbons; hydrochemistry; Indian National Gas Hydrate Program; Indian Ocean; infrared methods; lithostratigraphy; magnesium; marine sediments; metals; methane; natural gas; offshore; organic compounds; permeability; petroleum; petroleum exploration; physical properties; pore water; porosity; sediments; SEM data; silica; size distribution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2014.04.009 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regional modeling of dust mass balance and radiative forcing over East Asia using WRF-Chem AN - 1832640614; 768715-2 AB - The Weather Research and Forecasting model with Chemistry (WRF-Chem) is used to investigate the seasonal and inter-annual variations of mineral dust over East Asia during 2007-2011, with a focus on the dust mass balance and its direct radiative forcing. A variety of in situ measurements and satellite observations have been used to evaluate the simulation results. Generally, WRF-Chem reasonably reproduces not only the column variability but also the vertical profile and size distribution of mineral dust over and near the dust source regions. In addition, the dust lifecycle and processes that control the seasonal and spatial variations of dust mass balance are investigated over seven sub-regions of desert dust sources (Taklimakan Desert (TD) and Gobi Desert (GD)), the Tibetan Plateau (TP), Northern China, Southern China, the ocean outflow region, and Korea-Japan. Over the two major dust source regions of East Asia (TD and GD), transport and dry deposition are the two dominant sinks with contributing of approximately 25% and approximately 36%, respectively. Dust direct radiative forcing in a surface cooling of up to -14 and -10 W m (super -2) , atmospheric warming of up to 9 and 2 W m (super -2) , and TOA (Top of atmospheric) cooling of -5 and -8 W m (super -2) , respectively. Dust transported from the TD is the dominant dust source over the TP with a peak in summer. Over the identified outflow regions (the ocean outflow region, and Korea-Japan), maximum dust column concentration in spring is contributed by transport. Dry and wet depositions are comparable dominant sinks, but wet deposition is larger than dry deposition over the Korea-Japan region, particularly in spring (70% versus 30%). The ability of WRF-Chem to capture the measured features of dust optical and radiative properties and dust mass balance over East Asian provides confidence for future investigation of East Asia dust impact on regional or global climate. JF - Aeolian Research AU - Chen, Siyu AU - Zhao, Chun AU - Qian, Yun AU - Leung, L Ruby AU - Huang, Jianping AU - Huang, Zhongwei AU - Bi, Jianrong AU - Zhang, Wu AU - Shi, Jinsen AU - Yang, Lei AU - Li, Deshuai AU - Li, Jinxin AU - Reynolds, Richard L Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - 15 EP - 30 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 15 SN - 1875-9637, 1875-9637 KW - cycles KW - Far East KW - Xinjiang China KW - WRF-Chem model KW - Gobi Desert KW - simulation KW - environmental effects KW - climate change KW - mass balance KW - Tibetan Plateau KW - sediments KW - Asia KW - climate KW - China KW - annual variations KW - clastic sediments KW - Korea KW - satellite methods KW - eastern Asia KW - Taklimakan Desert KW - models KW - deposition KW - dust KW - Weathern Research and Forecasting model with Chemistry KW - aerosols KW - seasonal variations KW - Japan KW - remote sensing KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832640614?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aeolian+Research&rft.atitle=Regional+modeling+of+dust+mass+balance+and+radiative+forcing+over+East+Asia+using+WRF-Chem&rft.au=Chen%2C+Siyu%3BZhao%2C+Chun%3BQian%2C+Yun%3BLeung%2C+L+Ruby%3BHuang%2C+Jianping%3BHuang%2C+Zhongwei%3BBi%2C+Jianrong%3BZhang%2C+Wu%3BShi%2C+Jinsen%3BYang%2C+Lei%3BLi%2C+Deshuai%3BLi%2C+Jinxin%3BReynolds%2C+Richard+L&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Siyu&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=&rft.spage=15&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aeolian+Research&rft.issn=18759637&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.aeolia.2014.02.001 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/18759637 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - AGU 2012; fall meeting session on mineral dust N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Number of references - 84 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerosols; annual variations; Asia; China; clastic sediments; climate; climate change; cycles; deposition; dust; eastern Asia; environmental effects; Far East; Gobi Desert; Japan; Korea; mass balance; models; remote sensing; satellite methods; seasonal variations; sediments; simulation; Taklimakan Desert; Tibetan Plateau; Weathern Research and Forecasting model with Chemistry; WRF-Chem model; Xinjiang China DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aeolia.2014.02.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Akuna; an open source user environment for managing subsurface simulation workflows AN - 1765878266; 2016-011700 AB - The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) is investing in development of a numerical modeling toolset called ASCEM (Advanced Simulation Capability for Environmental Management) to support modeling analyses at legacy waste sites. ASCEM is an open source and modular computing framework that incorporates new advances and tools for predicting contaminant fate and transport in natural and engineered systems. The ASCEM toolset includes both a Platform with Integrated Toolsets (called Akuna) and a High-Performance Computing multi-process simulator (called Amanzi). The focus of this presentation is on Akuna, an open-source user environment that manages subsurface simulation workflows and associated data and metadata. In this presentation, key elements of Akuna are demonstrated, which includes toolsets for model setup, database management, sensitivity analysis, parameter estimation, uncertainty quantification, and visualization of both model setup and simulation results. A key component of the workflow is in the automated job launching and monitoring capabilities, which allow a user to submit and monitor simulation runs on high-performance, parallel computers. Visualization of large outputs can also be performed without moving data back to local resources. These capabilities make high-performance computing accessible to the users who might not be familiar with batch queue systems and usage protocols on different supercomputers and clusters. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Freedman, Vicky L AU - Agarwal, D AU - Bensema, K AU - Finsterle, S AU - Gable, C W AU - Keating, E H AU - Krishnan, H AU - Lansing, Carina AU - Moeglein, William AU - Pau, G S H AU - Porter, Ellen AU - Scheibe, Tim D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H44D EP - 04 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1765878266?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Akuna%3B+an+open+source+user+environment+for+managing+subsurface+simulation+workflows&rft.au=Freedman%2C+Vicky+L%3BAgarwal%2C+D%3BBensema%2C+K%3BFinsterle%2C+S%3BGable%2C+C+W%3BKeating%2C+E+H%3BKrishnan%2C+H%3BLansing%2C+Carina%3BMoeglein%2C+William%3BPau%2C+G+S+H%3BPorter%2C+Ellen%3BScheibe%2C+Tim+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Freedman&rft.aufirst=Vicky&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-18 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Slow release of permanganate from injectable fumed silica gel; rheological properties and release dynamics AN - 1765876924; 2016-011696 AB - ISCO (In Situ Chemical Oxidation) has been proved to be a useful remediation technology in destroying most prevalent aqueous organic contaminants. For permanganate (MnO4-) in particular, the chemistry of degradative oxidation is well established for cleaning up groundwater containing trichloroethene (TCE) and tetrachloroethene (PCE). However the long-term effectiveness of the application of this oxidant has been questioned due to the observed post remediation rebound of contaminant concentrations. To improve the efficiency of ISCO using MnO4-under specific site conditions, the technology of emplacing slow-releasing permanganate in an aquifer has been studied. We have developed an injectable slow-release permanganate slurry/gel (ISRPG) by mixing KMnO4 with fumed silica in water. Ideally, the slurry/gel forms would release low concentration of MnO4- by diffusion to maintain a desired concentration level of the agent within the chemically active zone. We have investigated the properties and tested the application of this ISRPG in laboratory studies. Rheological study indicated ISRPG has high viscosity and shear thinning property. The viscosity of silica gel could be lowered by mechanical mixing thus making it easy for subsurface injection. Batch tests revealed that MnO4- was diffused from ISRPG and the gel did not disperse but maintained its initial shape. In column experiments we showed that permanganate release covered 6 times more effluent pore volumes when ISRPG was injected compared to MnO4- solution injection. We also observed TCE degradation by released MnO4-, and the remedial performance occurred over a much longer timeframe with ISRPG compared to MnO4- solution injection. In 2-D flow cell tests we demonstrated that water flows around the injected gel, carrying MnO4- diffused out from the gel and forming a downstream oxidant plume, while the gel was stationary. ISRPG slowly released low concentrations of permanganate to maintain a predetermined level of the agent within the chemically active zone. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Yang, Shuo AU - Zhong, Lirong AU - Oostrom, Mart AU - Li, G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H44C EP - 06 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1765876924?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Slow+release+of+permanganate+from+injectable+fumed+silica+gel%3B+rheological+properties+and+release+dynamics&rft.au=Yang%2C+Shuo%3BZhong%2C+Lirong%3BOostrom%2C+Mart%3BLi%2C+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=Shuo&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-18 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interaction of ammonia gas with sediments and pore water and induced uranium immobilization under vadose zone conditions AN - 1765873775; 2016-011713 AB - Preliminary studies have demonstrated the potential of ammonia gas (NH3) treatment on contaminated sediment as a vadose zone uranium remediation approach. In this work, we conducted batch, column, and flow wedge experiments to study the ammonia gas transport and interaction with sediments and pore water. The uranium immobilization effectiveness of the ammonia gas treatment technology was also evaluated. Ammonia gas quickly partitions into sediment pore water and significantly increases the pH (up to approximately 13.2) and the electrical conductivity (EC). The rate and range of the increase in both pH and EC are dependent on the ammonia concentration in the gas and the pore water content and chemistry. The pH and EC changes follow a similar pattern. During an ammonia gas injection into a heterogeneous system, it was observed that the NH3 front proceeded faster in layers of lower water content compared to the same sediment layers of higher water content. Elevated pH values (11 to 13.2) initially resulted from the NH3 gas partitioning into the pore water was buffered down to approximately 9 after 7 months of sediment exposure to the air. The rate of NH3 diffusion in sediment is a function of the water content in the sediment. Higher cation/anion concentrations during the ammonia gas treatment indicated mineral dissolution due to pH increase, while lower ionic concentrations after the pH buffering revealed significant mineral precipitation. This precipitation incorporates uranium into mineral structures or provides a coating to uranium minerals, therefore achieving uranium immobilization. Treatment with 5% v/v NH3 gas for one week followed by three weeks buffering resulted in a 75% reduction in the mobile uranium mass. After 2 to 12 months of treatment, the immobile phase of uranium mass increased by up to 2.3 times. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Zhong, Lirong AU - Szecsody, Jim E AU - Truex, M J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H51A EP - 0561 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1765873775?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Interaction+of+ammonia+gas+with+sediments+and+pore+water+and+induced+uranium+immobilization+under+vadose+zone+conditions&rft.au=Zhong%2C+Lirong%3BSzecsody%2C+Jim+E%3BTruex%2C+M+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zhong&rft.aufirst=Lirong&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-18 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cross-borehole ERT monitoring of a tracer injection into chlorinated-solvent contaminated fractured mudstone AN - 1765873589; 2016-011830 AB - There is a need to monitor remedial injections in contaminated fractured rock to determine if targeted areas have been reached and to monitor treatment effectiveness. While detailed information can be obtained at boreholes, these locations are limited; determining connectivity in fracture networks is difficult and borehole monitoring locations may miss the injection entirely. The primary and secondary domains in fractured rock have hydraulic conductivities that differ by orders of magnitude such that tracer injections commonly have rapid breakthrough followed by extended tailings. Often, it is presumed that the tracer is transported into dead-end pore spaces or unknown inter-connected networks and/or sorbed into the primary porosity. Cross-borehole electrical resistivity tomography (ERT), guided by information from borehole geophysical logging and hydraulic testing, has the potential to monitor the fate of tracer injections between borehole locations. ERT has been under-exploited in fractured rock due to: (1) a lack of available 3D codes, (2) a lack of computing resources to accommodate a large number of model parameters, and (3) limitations of regularization constraints used in ERT modeling for representing fractured rock settings along with a full understanding of these constraints. Recognizing numerous advances in ERT imaging and building on our previous studies, we present results from a field-scale ERT experiment in fractured rock. We use ERT to monitor a conductive tracer injection in a fractured mudstone at the Naval Air Warfare Center (NAWC) in New Jersey. A custom-built electrode array included inflatable bladders to isolate fractures within each borehole and allowed for discrete water sampling and injection. By injecting the tracer in pulses and collecting 3D ERT measurements following each pulse, we were able to (1) avoid rapid breakthrough and large dilution rates and thus maintain a high conductivity contrast, and (2) characterize ambient flow by simulating static conditions after each pulse. Our findings show unanticipated tracer migration pathways between borehole locations and evidence for diffusion of tracer mass into the rock matrix over time. Identifying such transport processes using advances in ERT imaging will facilitate remedial injections to targeted areas. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Robinson, Judith AU - Slater, L D AU - Johnson, T C AU - Day-Lewis, F D AU - Imbrigiotta, T E AU - Johnson, C D AU - Lacombe, P AU - Lane, J W, Jr AU - Ntarlagiannis, Dimitri AU - Shapiro, A M AU - Tiedeman, C R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H51M EP - 0791 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1765873589?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Cross-borehole+ERT+monitoring+of+a+tracer+injection+into+chlorinated-solvent+contaminated+fractured+mudstone&rft.au=Robinson%2C+Judith%3BSlater%2C+L+D%3BJohnson%2C+T+C%3BDay-Lewis%2C+F+D%3BImbrigiotta%2C+T+E%3BJohnson%2C+C+D%3BLacombe%2C+P%3BLane%2C+J+W%2C+Jr%3BNtarlagiannis%2C+Dimitri%3BShapiro%2C+A+M%3BTiedeman%2C+C+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Robinson&rft.aufirst=Judith&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-18 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of benchmark experimental transport and multiphase flow data sets to test and validate pore-scale numerical simulators AN - 1761074046; 2016-008531 AB - Developing predictive models of multiphase flow and reactive transport and multiphase flow at the pore scale is a challenge common to diverse science areas. Increasingly, it has become more important in subsurface flow and transport research due to its relevance to research areas such as contaminant and colloidal transport and multiphase flow. Goals of pore-scale simulations include identification of key parameters and physicochemical processes controlling macroscopic phenomena, validation of continuum descriptions, and determination of appropriate forms of the continuum formulation for approximation of the pore-scale results. Numerical modeling of pore-scale (multiphase) flow and transport is an active research area. However, with the exception of a few studies, direct comparisons between pore-scale experiments and simulations have been limited. Some of the reasons experimental data have not been used extensively so far to test pore-scale models are related to quality and reproducibility issues with available micromodels. However, rapid advances in microfabrication and imaging have led to the development of experimental procedures ensuring high quality, reproducible results. Several of these advances have been implemented in the new microfluidics laboratory at the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL) at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). In this contribution, recently obtained benchmark data sets for nonreactive transport, reactive transport, and multiphase flow are discussed. The data sets are offered to pore-scale numerical modelers for testing and validation purposes. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Oostrom, M AU - Wietsma, T W AU - Hess, N J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H53A EP - 0839 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1761074046?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Development+of+benchmark+experimental+transport+and+multiphase+flow+data+sets+to+test+and+validate+pore-scale+numerical+simulators&rft.au=Oostrom%2C+M%3BWietsma%2C+T+W%3BHess%2C+N+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Oostrom&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coupled hydrogeophysical inversion for characterizing heterogeneous permeability field at a groundwater-river water interaction zone AN - 1761072968; 2016-008606 AB - The hydrological and biogeochemical processes at the groundwater and river water interface are largely controlled by the exchange dynamics between the two water bodies. Accurate characterization of the heterogeneous permeability field at such interface is critical for modeling the bulk flow as well as the biogeochemical processes that are coupled with the flow. Taking advantage of the distinct conductivities in groundwater and rive water, time lapse electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) can provide rich spatial and temporal data for characterizing the permeability field, by imaging the change in subsurface electric conductivity driven by river water intrusion and retreat. We installed a large-scale (300 m by 300 m) 3-dimensional ERT array to monitor river water intrusion and retreat through time at a major river corridor, and the 4-dimensional electrical geophysical data is assimilated to invert for the underlying permeability field using ensemble-based algorithms (e.g., ensemble Kalman filter and ensemble smoother). We developed a new high-performance hydrogeophysical code by coupling an ERT imaging code E4D (Johnson et al., 2010) with a site-scale flow and transport code, PFLOTRAN (Hammond et al., 2012). The coupled code provides the key modeling capability of multi-physics processes, parallel efficiency, and multi-realization simulation capability for hydrogeophysical inversion. We assimilated both well-based point measurements of water table and specific conductance and spatially continuous ERT images in a sequential Bayesian way. Our study demonstrates the effectiveness of joint hydrogeophysical inversion for large-scale characterization of subsurface properties in the groundwater and river water interaction zone. Our investigation of spatial versus temporal data assimilation strategies have inspired systematic data worth analyses to identify the most valuable data sets for hydrogeophysical inversion. The high performance computing is performed on the Hopper supercomputer at NERSC. The main scientific achievements of this study are to integrate multiscale and multi-type data with increasingly complex multi-physics model through Bayesian data assimilation techniques, and to handle the intensive computational demands by using high performance computing resources. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Chen, X AU - Johnson, T C AU - Hammond, G E AU - Zachara, J M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H54B EP - 02 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1761072968?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Coupled+hydrogeophysical+inversion+for+characterizing+heterogeneous+permeability+field+at+a+groundwater-river+water+interaction+zone&rft.au=Chen%2C+X%3BJohnson%2C+T+C%3BHammond%2C+G+E%3BZachara%2C+J+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=X&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Heat and groundwater flow through continental flood basalt provinces; insights gained from alternative models of permeability/depth relationships for the Columbia Plateau, USA AN - 1756510148; 2016-006539 AB - Heat-flow mapping of the western USA has identified an apparent low-heat-flow anomaly coincident with the Columbia Plateau Regional Aquifer System, a thick sequence of basalt aquifers within the Columbia River Basalt Group (CRBG). A heat and mass transport model (SUTRA) was used to evaluate the potential impact of groundwater flow on heat flow along two different regional groundwater flow paths. Limited in situ permeability (k) data from the CRBG are compatible with a steep permeability decrease ( approximately 3.5 orders of magnitude) at 600-900 m depth and approximately 40 degrees C. Numerical simulations incorporating this permeability decrease demonstrate that regional groundwater flow can explain lower-than-expected heat flow in these highly anisotropic (kx/kz approximately 104) continental flood basalts. Simulation results indicate that the abrupt reduction in permeability at approximately 600 m depth results in an equivalently abrupt transition from a shallow region where heat flow is affected by groundwater flow to a deeper region of conduction-dominated heat flow. Abrupt k decreases at similar temperatures have also been observed in the volcanic rocks of the adjacent Cascade Range volcanic arc and at Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii, where they result from low-temperature hydrothermal alteration. Because pore filling hydrothermal minerals are largely controlled by the major mineral assemblages of the volcanic rocks, other continental flood basalt provinces may also have large permeability changes at depths corresponding to approximately 40 degrees C. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Burns, E R AU - Williams, C F AU - Ingebritsen, S AU - Voss, C I AU - Spane, Frank AU - DeAngelo, J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H33B EP - 0790 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756510148?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Heat+and+groundwater+flow+through+continental+flood+basalt+provinces%3B+insights+gained+from+alternative+models+of+permeability%2Fdepth+relationships+for+the+Columbia+Plateau%2C+USA&rft.au=Burns%2C+E+R%3BWilliams%2C+C+F%3BIngebritsen%2C+S%3BVoss%2C+C+I%3BSpane%2C+Frank%3BDeAngelo%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Burns&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of organic carbon and its bioavailability in recharge waters and aquifer sediments: implications for groundwater arsenic contamination in Bangladesh AN - 1756509551; 2016-006503 AB - Arsenic contamination of groundwater in Bangladesh affects millions of people, as groundwater is the primary source of both drinking and irrigation water in the country. The arsenic is of geologic origin, naturally-occurring in the aquifer sediment. However, the source of organic carbon that fuels the microbial reactions responsible for mobilizing arsenic off the sediment and into the groundwater has been debated for over a decade. The outstanding question is whether this organic carbon is sedimentary carbon that was co-deposited when the aquifers were formed, or surface-derived organic carbon transported into the subsurface along with recharge water. The answer to this question has implications for managing the contamination problem. Here we present results of recent laboratory incubations of aquifer sediment with recharge waters collected from our field site in Bangladesh. The incubations revealed a hitherto undocumented pool of biodegradable sedimentary organic carbon. Despite the carbon being old (thousands of years), it was rapidly utilized by the native microbial population. The results imply that within the aquifer this pool of sedimentary organic carbon is largely unavailable to the microbial community, but that chemical and/or physical perturbations to the subsurface, induced, for example, by large-scale groundwater pumping or microbial activity, could mobilize this bioavailable organic carbon off the sediment. Currently, we are using Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry and spectroscopic techniques to understand the initial character of the mobilized organic carbon in our incubation experiments, and to track how its composition changes over time as it is degraded by microbes. These efforts will help clarify the in situ processes that could destabilize the sedimentary organic carbon and identify the components that make the carbon biologically available. Collectively, our data suggest a possible role for both surface-derived and sedimentary organic carbon in fueling the microbial reactions that mobilize arsenic into groundwater: surface-derived carbon can stimulate microbial reactions that target the solid phase and destabilize bioavailable sedimentary organic carbon that can then fuel further microbial reactions (i.e., the "priming" hypothesis). JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Pracht, L E AU - Ardissono, R J AU - Polizzotto, Matt AU - Badruzzaman, A B M AU - Ali, M A AU - Pasa-Tolic, Ljiljana AU - Neumann, R B AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H32B EP - 05 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756509551?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+organic+carbon+and+its+bioavailability+in+recharge+waters+and+aquifer+sediments%3A+implications+for+groundwater+arsenic+contamination+in+Bangladesh&rft.au=Pracht%2C+L+E%3BArdissono%2C+R+J%3BPolizzotto%2C+Matt%3BBadruzzaman%2C+A+B+M%3BAli%2C+M+A%3BPasa-Tolic%2C+Ljiljana%3BNeumann%2C+R+B%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Pracht&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reactive transport modeling of CO (sub 2) injection in the Farnsworth, Texas hydrocarbon field AN - 1752578831; 2016-001230 AB - The Farnsworth hydrocarbon field in northern Texas has been an experimental site for CO2 sequestration and enhanced oil recovery for the U.S. Department of Energy-sponsored Southwest Partnership (SWP) since April, 2013. CO2 is to be injected into the Pennsylvanian Morrow Sandstone at a rate of 200,000 tonnes per year for at least five years. The Morrow is a quartz-rich sandstone that lies at a depth of about 2400 m. Pore water in the Morrow has a total dissolved solids content of about 3600 mg/L dominated by Na, Cl, bicarbonate, and Ca. A reactive solute transport model was constructed for a 1700X1700X95 m volume using the TOUGHREACT software and the ECO2N equation of state for aqueous brine and CO2. Simulations were carried out to 100 years. The results showed immiscible CO2 gas to be concentrated in a lateral plume extending radially from the well screen, its ascent impeded by vigorous lateral groundwater flow in the more permeable upper Morrow. CO2 was much more widespread in aqueous solution, lowering pH throughout much of the model volume after 100 years, to a minimum of about 4.7. The low reactivity of the Morrow Sandstone due to its quartz-rich matrix and dilute pore fluid resulted in little mineral precipitation or dissolution, with net volume changes for any mineral no higher than order 10-4. The simulations predicted net dissolution of albite, calcite, and chlorite, and net precipitation of dawsonite, illite, and magnesite. The Morrow matrix was predicted to undergo slight net dissolution overall, resulting in porosity increases of up to 0.01%, suggesting that the Morrow would be resistant to significant changes in hydraulic properties as a result of the proposed amount of CO2 injection. For the 100 year simulation times calculated thus far, only a small fraction of the injected CO2 would be sequestered as carbonate minerals, with most of the injected CO2 dissolved in the aqueous phase. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Ahmmed, B AU - Appold, M S AU - McPherson, B J O L AU - Grigg, Reid AU - White, Mark D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H23A EP - 0847 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1752578831?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Reactive+transport+modeling+of+CO+%28sub+2%29+injection+in+the+Farnsworth%2C+Texas+hydrocarbon+field&rft.au=Ahmmed%2C+B%3BAppold%2C+M+S%3BMcPherson%2C+B+J+O+L%3BGrigg%2C+Reid%3BWhite%2C+Mark+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ahmmed&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-31 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Flow and transport in smooth and rough unsaturated wide aperture fractures with smoothed particle hydrodynamics AN - 1752577833; 2016-003083 AB - Unsaturated flow in fractured porous media exhibits highly complex flow dynamics and a wide range of intermittent flow processes. Especially in wide aperture fractures, flow processes may be dominated by gravitational instead of capillary forces leading to a deviation from the classical volume effective approaches (Richard's equation, Van Genuchten type relationships). The existence of various flow modes such as droplets, rivulets, turbulent and adsorbed films is well known, however, their spatial and temporal distribution within fracture networks is still an open question partially due to the lack of appropriate modeling tools. With our work we want to gain a deeper understanding of the underlying flow and transport dynamics in unsaturated fractured media in order to support the development of more refined upscaled methods, applicable on catchment scales. We present pore- and fracture-scale flow simulations obtained with a Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) model. The model allows to simulate free-surface flow dynamics including the effect of surface tension for a wide range of wetting conditions. Several empirical and semi-analytical solutions are used to verify the model. We show that our results satisfy the empirical scaling laws for droplet velocity and critical contact angle. Due to the efficient generation of surface tension via particle-particle interaction forces the dynamic wetting of surfaces as well as the velocity enhancement of droplets on saturated surfaces can readily be obtained. Furthermore, we study the effect of surface roughness on droplet velocities. Lastly, we present flow and transport simulations in the presence of an adjacent porous matrix in order to investigate its influence on the fracture surface flow dynamics and transport across the matrix-fracture interface. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Kordilla, J AU - Tartakovsky, Alexandre M AU - Geyer, T AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H43B EP - 0967 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1752577833?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Flow+and+transport+in+smooth+and+rough+unsaturated+wide+aperture+fractures+with+smoothed+particle+hydrodynamics&rft.au=Kordilla%2C+J%3BTartakovsky%2C+Alexandre+M%3BGeyer%2C+T%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kordilla&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-31 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stimuli responsive/rheoreversible hydraulic fracturing fluids for enhanced geothermal energy production (Part I) AN - 1752577598; 2016-001522 AB - Cost-effective yet safe creation of high-permeability reservoirs inside deep crystalline bedrock is the primary challenge for the viability of enhanced geothermal systems and unconventional oil/gas recovery. Current reservoir stimulation processes utilize brute force (hydraulic pressures in the order of hundreds of bar) to create/propagate fractures in the bedrock. Such stimulation processes entail substantial economic costs ($3.3 million per reservoir as of 2011). Furthermore, the environmental impacts of reservoir stimulation are only recently being determined. Widespread concerns about the environmental contamination have resulted in a number of regulations for fracturing fluids advocating for greener fracturing processes. To reduce the costs and environmental impact of reservoir stimulation, we developed an environmentally friendly and recyclable hydraulic fracturing fluid that undergoes a controlled and large volume expansion with a simultaneous increase in viscosity triggered by CO (sub 2) at temperatures relevant for reservoir stimulation in Enhanced Geothermal System (EGS). The volume expansion, which will specifically occurs at EGS depths of interest, generates an exceptionally large mechanical stress in fracture networks of highly impermeable rock propagating fractures at effective stress an order of magnitude lower than current technology. This paper will concentrate on the presentation of this CO (sub 2) -triggered expanding hydrogel formed from diluted aqueous solutions of polyallylamine (PAA). Aqueous PAA-CO (sub 2) mixtures also show significantly higher viscosities than conventional rheology modifiers at similar pressures and temperatures due to the cross-linking reaction of PAA with CO (sub 2) , which was demonstrated by chemical speciation studies using in situ HP-HT 13C MAS-NMR. In addition, PAA shows shear-thinning behavior, a critical advantage for the use of this fluid system in EGS reservoir stimulation. The high pressure/temperature experiments and their results as well as the CFD modeling are presented in a companion paper. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Fernandez, Carlos A AU - Jung, Hun Bok AU - Shao, H AU - Bonneville, Alain AU - Heldebrant, David AU - Hoyt, David AU - Zhong, Lirong AU - Holladay, James AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H43A EP - 0933 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1752577598?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Stimuli+responsive%2Frheoreversible+hydraulic+fracturing+fluids+for+enhanced+geothermal+energy+production+%28Part+I%29&rft.au=Fernandez%2C+Carlos+A%3BJung%2C+Hun+Bok%3BShao%2C+H%3BBonneville%2C+Alain%3BHeldebrant%2C+David%3BHoyt%2C+David%3BZhong%2C+Lirong%3BHolladay%2C+James%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Fernandez&rft.aufirst=Carlos&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-31 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stimuli responsive/rheoreversible hydraulic fracturing fluids for enhanced geothermal energy production (Part II) AN - 1752577135; 2016-001523 AB - We have used an environmentally friendly and recyclable hydraulic fracturing fluid--diluted aqueous solutions of polyallylamine or PAA--for reservoir stimulation in Enhanced Geothermal System (EGS). This fluid undergoes a controlled and large volume expansion with a simultaneous increase in viscosity triggered by CO (sub 2) at EGS temperatures. We are presenting here the results of laboratory-scale hydraulic fracturing experiment using the fluid on small cylindrical rock cores (1.59 cm in diameter and 5.08 cm in length) from the Coso geothermal field in California. Rock samples consisted of Mesozoic diorite metamorphosed to greenschist facies. The experiments were conducted on 5 samples for realistic ranges of pressures (up to 275 bar) and temperatures (up to 210 degrees C) for both the rock samples and the injected fluid. After fracturation, cores were subjected to a CO (sub 2) leakage test, injection of KI solution, and X-ray microtomography (XMT) scanning to examine the formation and distribution of fractures. The design and conduct of these experiments will be presented and discussed in details. Based on the obtained XMT images, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations were then performed to visualize hydraulic fractures and compute the bulk permeability. OpenFOAM (OpenCFD Ltd., Reading, UK), was used to solve the steady state simulation. The flow predictions, based upon the laminar, 3-D, incompressible Navier-Stokes equations for fluid mass and momentum, show the remarkable stimulation of the permeability in the core samples and demonstrate the efficiency of such a CO (sub 2) triggered fluid in EGS. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Bonneville, Alain AU - Jung, Hun Bok AU - Shao, H AU - Kabilan, Senthil AU - Um, Wooyong AU - Carroll, K C AU - Varga, Tamas AU - Suresh, Niraj AU - Stephens, Sean AU - Fernandez, Carlos A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H43A EP - 0934 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1752577135?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Stimuli+responsive%2Frheoreversible+hydraulic+fracturing+fluids+for+enhanced+geothermal+energy+production+%28Part+II%29&rft.au=Bonneville%2C+Alain%3BJung%2C+Hun+Bok%3BShao%2C+H%3BKabilan%2C+Senthil%3BUm%2C+Wooyong%3BCarroll%2C+K+C%3BVarga%2C+Tamas%3BSuresh%2C+Niraj%3BStephens%2C+Sean%3BFernandez%2C+Carlos+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bonneville&rft.aufirst=Alain&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-31 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hybrid multiscale simulation of a mixing-controlled reaction AN - 1752576862; 2016-001256 AB - Continuum scale models have been used to study subsurface flow, transport, and reactions for many years but lack the capability to resolve fine-grained processes. Recently, pore-scale models, which operate at scales of individual soil grains, have been developed to more accurately model and study pore-scale phenomena, such as mineral precipitation and dissolution reactions, microbially-mediated surface reactions, and other complex processes. However, these highly-resolved models are prohibitively expensive for modeling domains of sizes relevant to practical problems. To broaden the utility of pore-scale models for larger domains, we developed a hybrid multiscale model that initially simulates the full domain at the continuum scale and applies a pore-scale model only to areas of high reactivity. Python script components provide loose coupling between the pore- and continuum-scale codes into a single hybrid multiscale model implemented in the SWIFT parallel scripting language. We consider an irreversible homogenous bimolecular reaction (two solutes reacting to form a third solute) in a 2D test problem. This presentation is focused on the approach used for multiscale coupling between pore- and continuum-scale models, application to a realistic test problem, and implications of the results for predictive simulation of mixing-controlled reactions in porous media. Our results and analysis demonstrate that loose coupling provides a feasible, efficient and scalable approach for multiscale subsurface simulations. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Yang, Xiaofan AU - Scheibe, Tim D AU - Schuchardt, Karen AU - Agarwal, Khushbu AU - Chase, Jared AU - Palmer, Bruce J AU - Tartakovsky, A M AU - Elsethagen, Todd AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H23B EP - 0874 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1752576862?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Hybrid+multiscale+simulation+of+a+mixing-controlled+reaction&rft.au=Yang%2C+Xiaofan%3BScheibe%2C+Tim+D%3BSchuchardt%2C+Karen%3BAgarwal%2C+Khushbu%3BChase%2C+Jared%3BPalmer%2C+Bruce+J%3BTartakovsky%2C+A+M%3BElsethagen%2C+Todd%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=Xiaofan&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-31 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multiscale finite volume model for reactive transport in porous and fractured media AN - 1752576668; 2016-001255 AB - Several recent studies demonstrated that under certain conditions, Darcy-scale reactive transport equations are not able to provide sufficiently accurate predictions of multiphase flow and reactive transport. We will present a hybrid a hybrid pore/Darcy scale model based on the Multiscale Finite Volume (MsFV) method, which couples a Darcy-scale model with a MsFV characterization of transport in a region of the computational domain where the Darcy-scale is deficient or inaccurate. The considered examples include transport and mineral precipitation in fractures and porous media. The proposed model results in a significant reduction of computational effort with respect to pore-scale simulations, and increased accuracy with respect to Darcy-scale models. The range of applicability and limitations of the proposed multiscale method will be also discussed. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Tartakovsky, Alexandre M AU - Barajas-Solano, David A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H23B EP - 0873 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1752576668?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Multiscale+finite+volume+model+for+reactive+transport+in+porous+and+fractured+media&rft.au=Tartakovsky%2C+Alexandre+M%3BBarajas-Solano%2C+David+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Tartakovsky&rft.aufirst=Alexandre&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-31 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mechanistic processes controlling gas sorption in shale reservoirs AN - 1739085375; 2015-114303 AB - Utilization of CO2 to stimulate natural gas production in previously fractured shale-dominated reservoirs where CO2 remains in place for long-term storage may be an attractive new strategy for reducing the cost of managing anthropogenic CO2. A preliminary analysis of capacities and potential revenues in US shale plays suggests nearly 390 tcf in additional gas recovery may be possible via CO2 driven enhanced gas recovery. However, reservoir transmissivity properties, optimum gas recovery rates, and ultimate fate of CO2 vary among reservoirs, potentially increasing operational costs and environmental risks. In this paper, we identify key mechanisms controlling the sorption of CH4 and CO2 onto phyllosilicates and processes occurring in mixed gas systems that have the potential of impacting fluid transfer and CO2 storage in shale dominated formations. Through a unique set of in situ experimental techniques coupled with molecular-level simulations, we identify structural transformations occurring to clay minerals, optimal CO2/CH4 gas exchange conditions, and distinguish between adsorbed and intercalated gases in a mixed gas system. For example, based on in situ measurements with magic angle spinning NMR, intercalation of CO2 within the montmorillonite structure occurs in CH4/CO2 gas mixtures containing low concentrations (<5 mol%) of CO2. A stable montmorillonite structure dominates during exposure to pure CH4 (90 bar), but expands upon titration of small fractions (1-3 mol%) of CO2. Density functional theory was used to quantify the difference in sorption behavior between CO2 and CH4 and indicates complex interactions occurring between hydrated cations, CH4, and CO2. The authors will discuss potential impacts of these experimental results on CO2-based hydrocarbon recovery processes. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Schaef, Todd AU - Loring, John AU - Ilton, Eugene S AU - Davidson, Casie L AU - Owen, Toni AU - Hoyt, David AU - Glezakou, Vanda A AU - McGrail, B Pete AU - Thompson, Chris AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H11H EP - 0995 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1739085375?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Mechanistic+processes+controlling+gas+sorption+in+shale+reservoirs&rft.au=Schaef%2C+Todd%3BLoring%2C+John%3BIlton%2C+Eugene+S%3BDavidson%2C+Casie+L%3BOwen%2C+Toni%3BHoyt%2C+David%3BGlezakou%2C+Vanda+A%3BMcGrail%2C+B+Pete%3BThompson%2C+Chris%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Schaef&rft.aufirst=Todd&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-04 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exploring new topography-based subgrid architecture in land surface modeling AN - 1739085292; 2015-116957 AB - Topography exerts a major control on land surface processes through its influence on atmospheric forcing, soil and vegetation properties, network topology and drainage area. Land surface modeling using subbasins instead of rectangular grids as computational units has been demonstrated to improve scalability of simulated runoff and streamflow processes. A new land surface spatial structure is being developed to further divide subbasins based on elevation, topographic slope and aspect classes to take advantage of the emergent patterns and scaling properties of atmospheric, hydrologic, and vegetation processes in land surface models. The topography-based spatial structure is being applied in the Community Land Model (CLM4.5) to represent spatial heterogeneity influenced by topography, soil, and vegetation. In this study, different methods to represent subgrid land surface heterogeneity are explored. CLM simulations using the new spatial structure will be configured and compared against CLM simulations using the standard grid-based spatial structure over topographically and climatically contrasting regions of the United States to evaluate the implications of the new spatial structure in land surface modeling. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Leung, L R AU - Tesfa, T K AU - Li, H Y AU - Huang, M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H13E EP - 1164 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1739085292?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Exploring+new+topography-based+subgrid+architecture+in+land+surface+modeling&rft.au=Leung%2C+L+R%3BTesfa%2C+T+K%3BLi%2C+H+Y%3BHuang%2C+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Leung&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-04 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A modeling study of irrigation effects on global surface- and groundwater resources under a changing climate AN - 1739082241; 2015-117096 AB - In this study, we investigate the effects of irrigation on global surface water (SW) and groundwater (GW) resources by performing simulations of the Community Land Model 4.0 (CLM4) at 0.5-degree resolution driven by downscaled/bias-corrected historical climate simulations and future projections from five General Circulation Models (GCMs) from 1950-2099. For each climate scenario, three sets of numerical experiments were configured: (1) a control experiment (CTRL) in which all crops are assumed to be rainfed; (2) an irrigation experiment (IRRIG) in which the irrigation module is activated; and (3) a groundwater pumping experiment (PUMP) in which a groundwater pumping scheme coupled with the irrigation module is activated. The parameters associated with irrigation and groundwater pumping were calibrated based on a global inventory of census-based SW and GW use compiled by the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO). Our results suggest that irrigation could lead to two major opposing effects on SW/GW: SW depletion/GW accumulation in regions with irrigation primarily fed by SW, and SW accumulation/GW depletion in regions with irrigation fed primarily by GW. Furthermore, irrigation depending primarily on SW tends to have larger impacts on low-flow than high-flow conditions of SW, suggesting that intensive irrigation water use has the potential to further exacerbate low-flow conditions, increasing vulnerability to drought. By the end of the 21st century (2070-2099), climate change significantly increases (relative to 1971-2000) irrigation water demand in the regions equipped for irrigation across the world. The increase in demand combined with the increased temporal-spatial variability of water supply will cause more severe issues of local water scarcity for irrigation. Regionally, irrigation has the potential to aggravate climate-induced changes of SW/GW although the effects are negligible when averaged globally. Our results emphasize the importance of accounting for irrigation effects and irrigation sources in regional climate change impact assessment. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Leng, G AU - Huang, M AU - Tang, Q AU - Leung, L R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H21D EP - 0767 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1739082241?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=A+modeling+study+of+irrigation+effects+on+global+surface-+and+groundwater+resources+under+a+changing+climate&rft.au=Leng%2C+G%3BHuang%2C+M%3BTang%2C+Q%3BLeung%2C+L+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Leng&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-04 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of early leak-detection capabilities at a commercial-scale carbon capture and storage site AN - 1739082080; 2015-117055 AB - In cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), a large Midwest carbon capture and storage (CCS) project will upgrade a power plant with oxy-combustion technology to capture approximately 1.1 million metric tons (MMT) of CO2 each year. This project will design and construct a first-of-its-kind, near-zero emissions coal-fueled power plant that incorporates CCS. The project will implement a suite of monitoring technologies that includes early-leak-detection monitoring directly above the primary confining zone in regions of increased leakage potential (e.g., near wells that penetrate the caprock). In support of early leak-detection monitoring systems design, numerical models were developed and used to evaluate the relative value of various leak detection metrics over a range of hypothetical leakage scenarios. This preliminary modeling evaluation was based on a simplified model that assumed uniform properties for each model layer and interrogated both pressure and geochemical response in the first permeable interval overlying the primary confining zone. Simulation results indicate that pressure is likely to be the earliest indicator of leakage, given the rapid and areally extensive nature of this response. Simulated geochemical signals are much more localized and take much longer to develop than the pressure responses. Because of the buoyancy effect associated with supercritical CO2 (scCO2), early leak-detection monitoring for these leakage scenarios would be best achieved through monitoring in the upper portion of the interval near the contact with overlying low-permeability materials. Conversely, monitoring for geochemical signals associated with brine leakage exhibited less lateral spread than for scCO2 cases and detection of leakage would be best achieved through monitoring at the base of the interval. Results from these preliminary models for a suite of leakage scenarios and monitoring location distances will be presented. These preliminary models will be updated as new site characterization data become available. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Williams, M D AU - Vermeul, V R AU - Oostrom, M AU - Porse, S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H43A EP - 0938 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1739082080?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+early+leak-detection+capabilities+at+a+commercial-scale+carbon+capture+and+storage+site&rft.au=Williams%2C+M+D%3BVermeul%2C+V+R%3BOostrom%2C+M%3BPorse%2C+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-04 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prediction and detection of land surface deformation associated with CO (sub 2) injection at the FutureGen 2.0 carbon capture and storage project site AN - 1739082024; 2015-117041 AB - The FutureGen 2.0 Project will inject 22 MMT of supercritical CO2 into the Mt Simon sandstone reservoir utilizing four deep-injection wells and a comprehensive monitoring program, which includes surface deformation monitoring. Analytical and numerical modeling analysis were both performed to predict potential vertical elevation changes based on simulated pressure changes and geomechanical properties for the targeted injection zone. Pressure changes due to continuous CO2 injection of 1.1 MMT of CO2/year over 20 years were obtained using the STOMP-CO2 numerical simulator. Injection zone elastic properties were calculated primarily from wireline geomechanical survey results that were obtained from the initial FutureGen 2.0 stratigraphic borehole. The continuous wireline geomechanical log elastic property results were utilized to estimate model layer thickness and rock compressibility for the various injection zone/model layers and were compared with hydrologic characterization results. Compressibility estimates obtained both from hydrologically based, in-situ tests, together with limited laboratory core samples provided similarly low compressibility results (1.0510-7 to 4.9210-7 psi-1) to those derived from the geomechanical wireline surveys. The predicted surface deformation was then estimated using two parallel modelling approaches. First, an analytical Biot-based, poro-elastic model was used to calculate an equivalent vertical displacement at land surface from the expected pore pressure increase and predicted injection zone model layer rock compressibility. The second method utilized a fully 3-D geomechanical modelling analysis to calculate the expected deformation at the surface using a STOMP-CO2/ABAQUS(Registered) sequentially coupled simulator. The predicted surface uplift after 20-years of continuous injection for both methods indicated a maximum deformation of approximately 20-25 mm, with most of the deformation occurring during the first 2 years. Surface deformation monitoring will be performed using interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) along with ground-based data from permanent tilt and GPS stations and annual DGPS surveys. These methods have sub-centimeter accuracies and will be able to detect the expected deformation. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Strickland, C E AU - Spane, F AU - Bonneville, A AU - Murray, C J AU - Nguyen, B N AU - Vermeul, V R AU - Gilmore, T J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H21A EP - 0712 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1739082024?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Prediction+and+detection+of+land+surface+deformation+associated+with+CO+%28sub+2%29+injection+at+the+FutureGen+2.0+carbon+capture+and+storage+project+site&rft.au=Strickland%2C+C+E%3BSpane%2C+F%3BBonneville%2C+A%3BMurray%2C+C+J%3BNguyen%2C+B+N%3BVermeul%2C+V+R%3BGilmore%2C+T+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Strickland&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-04 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating risks of sequestered CO (sub 2) on groundwater quality; the combined and separate effects of CH (sub 4) , As, and Cd AN - 1739081796; 2015-117033 AB - Carbon dioxide (CO2) sequestration in deep subsurface reservoirs is an attractive strategy for the mitigation and reduction of global CO2 emissions. Previous studies have identified potential geochemical effects of CO2 gas leaks on overlying groundwater aquifers. However, in addition to CO2, other gasses may also be present. For example, methane (CH4) can be present as an impurity in the CO2 gas stream, a native gas, or can be produced within the reservoir or aquifer after the introduction of CO2. Continuous and stop-flow column experiments and batch studies were conducted to determine changes in pH and aqueous elemental concentrations and the fate of contaminants (As and Cd) when CH4 is present in addition to CO2 gas. Two sediment samples were obtained from an aquifer overlying potential CO2 storage reservoirs (High Plains Aquifer, KS). Column experiments were conducted with synthetic groundwater (SGW) or As/Cd spiked SGW saturated with a mixture of 99% CO2 and 1% CH4 gases. The spiked SGW contained 114 ppb As and 28 ppb Cd to represent maximum contaminant levels present in CO2 reservoir brines as shown in previous modeling studies. Batch experiments were also conducted with spiked SGW, with CO2 or the CO2/CH4 mixture. Column study results showed most elements followed similar concentration trends after injection of CO2/CH4 saturated SGW or spiked SGW. Cd concentrations remained below detection limits for both sediments, with or without the spike. As concentrations were similar between SGW and spiked SGW columns until after the 3rd stop flow. As levels in the spiked SGW column then increased while levels in the SGW column decreased, suggesting the sediments are the source of effluent As until this point. Similar pH values were also observed until the 3rd stop flow event, where the pH of both SGW columns decreased significantly compared to spiked SGW columns. Batch studies showed As concentrations did not decrease as quickly when CH4 was present with the CO2. The concentrations of other elements, including Cd, followed trends similar to the experiments without CH4. Possible effects of redox changes and differences in mineralogy of the two sediments are under investigation. Results of this study, along with those of our previous efforts, are significant for risk evaluation and site selection for CO2 sequestration. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Lawter, A AU - Qafoku, N P AU - Shao, H AU - Brown, C F AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H21A EP - 0702 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1739081796?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Evaluating+risks+of+sequestered+CO+%28sub+2%29+on+groundwater+quality%3B+the+combined+and+separate+effects+of+CH+%28sub+4%29+%2C+As%2C+and+Cd&rft.au=Lawter%2C+A%3BQafoku%2C+N+P%3BShao%2C+H%3BBrown%2C+C+F%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lawter&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-04 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of fracture gradient methods for the FutureGen 2.0 carbon storage site, Ill., USA. AN - 1739081636; 2015-117032 AB - As part of a first-of-its-kind carbon dioxide storage project, FutureGen Industrial Alliance is planning to inject 1.1 MMt/yr of supercritical CO2 over a 20-year period within a 1240 m deep saline aquifer (Mount Simon Sandstone) located in Morgan County, Illinois, USA. Numerous aspects of the design and operational activities of the CO2 storage site are dependent on the geomechanical properties of the targeted reservoir zone, as well as of the overlying confining zone and the underlying crystalline Precambrian basement. Detailed determination of the state-of-stress within the subsurface is of paramount importance in successfully designing well drilling/completion aspects, as well as assessing the risk of induced seismicity and the potential for creating and/or reopening pre-existing fractures; all of which help ensure the safe long-term storage of injected CO2. The quantitative determination of the subsurface fracture gradient is one of the key geomechanical parameters for the site injection design and operational limits (e.g., maximum safe injection pressure). A characterization well drilled in 2011 provides subsurface geomechanical characterization information for the FutureGen 2.0 site, and includes: 1) continuous elastic properties inferred from sonic/acoustic wireline logs 2) discrete depth geomechanical laboratory core measurements and 3) results obtained from hydraulic fracturing tests of selected borehole/depth-intervals. In this paper, the precise fracture gradients derived from borehole geomechanical test results are compared with semi-empirical, fracture gradient calculation/relationships based on elastic property wireline surveys and laboratory geomechanical core test results. Implications for using various fracture-gradients obtained from the different methods are assessed using PNNL's subsurface multiphase flow and transport simulator STOMP-CO2. The implications for operational activities at the site (based on using different fracture gradients) are also discussed. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Appriou, D AU - Spane, F AU - Wurstner White, S AU - Kelley, M E AU - Sullivan, E C AU - Bonneville, A AU - Gilmore, T J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H21A EP - 0701 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1739081636?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+fracture+gradient+methods+for+the+FutureGen+2.0+carbon+storage+site%2C+Ill.%2C+USA.&rft.au=Appriou%2C+D%3BSpane%2C+F%3BWurstner+White%2C+S%3BKelley%2C+M+E%3BSullivan%2C+E+C%3BBonneville%2C+A%3BGilmore%2C+T+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Appriou&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-04 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Automated segmentation of soils using X-ray tomography AN - 1729848027; 2015-104113 AB - X-ray tomography (CT) has long been a useful tool for three-dimensional imaging of compositionally heterogeneous objects. In the environmental sciences, CT is an efficient tool for the nondestructive inspection of sediment and soil cores. However, in order to extract parameters describing such properties as pore space and solid-phase distribution, the imaged volume must be segmented according to relevant categories. When done manually by image inspection, segmentation produces results that are often inconsistent, and applying the method over multiple images may be impractical. Modern machine learning techniques have been shown to be more accurate than humans at some vision tasks in fields of histology and remote sensing, and those techniques may be useful for environmental samples. We present a technique using deep learning to categorize a tomographic volume into solid and pore regions, while also identifying morphologically similar solid-phase regions within the imaged object. Finally, we show how the composition of these characteristic solid constituents may be estimated by propagating two dimensional XRF data through the segmented volume. This research was funded by the Chemical Imaging Initiative under the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program at PNNL. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Miller, Micah AU - Miller, Erin AU - McKinley, James P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract MR11A EP - 4284 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1729848027?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Automated+segmentation+of+soils+using+X-ray+tomography&rft.au=Miller%2C+Micah%3BMiller%2C+Erin%3BMcKinley%2C+James+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Micah&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-05 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potential application of microbial iron redox cycles in nitrate removal and their effects on clay mineral properties AN - 1718053956; 2015-095569 AB - Phyllosilicates that are ubiquitous in subsurface can serve as an iron source for microbial respiration. The objective of this research is to determine the ability of the phyllosilicate Fe to remove nitrate in subsurface undergoing microbial-driven redox cycles. In this study, thus, a well-characterized reference clay (NAu-2; nontronite), was subjected to redox cycles in a system containing dissimilatory Fe(III)-reducing bacteria, Shewanella putrefaciens CN32, and nitrate-dependent Fe(II)-oxidizing bacteria, Pseudogulbenkiania sp. Strain 2002. Three redox cycles were conducted in bicarbonate- and PIPES-buffered medium. The extents of Fe(III) reduction, Fe(II) oxidation, nitrate reduction, and its various intermediate products were measured by wet chemical methods. For each cycle, Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy and Mossbauer spectroscopy confirmed Fe oxidation state. Mineralogical changes were identified by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), 57Fe-Moessbauer spectroscopy, and infrared absorption spectroscopy. For all three cycles, nitrate was completely reduced to nitrogen gas under both bicarbonate- and PIPES-buffered conditions. As redox cycle increased, bio-reduction extents of Fe(III) in NAu-2 decreased by 33% and 48% in PIPES- and bicarbonate-buffered medium, respectively; however, bio-oxidation extents increased by 66% and 55% in the same medium, respectively. Despite the change of OH-stretching vibration band and OH-bending vibration bands in NAu-2 structure along Fe redox cycles, XRD data showed interlayer spacing of NAu-2 to be constant along the same Fe redox cycle. 57Fe-Moessbauer spectroscopy indicated complex reduction and re-oxidation pathways. For example, a distinct Fe(II) doublet and a Fe2.5+ feature due to interfacial Fe(II)-Fe(III) electron transfer on clay mineral are prominent in their RT spectra. Both these Fe(II) are partially oxidized by Fe(II)-oxidizing bacteria. The result of this study shows that Fe in biogenically reduced or oxidized NAu-2 could serve as a renewable iron source for multiple biogenic redox cycles to remove nitrate contaminant in soils and groundwater systems. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Zhao, L AU - Dong, H AU - Kukkadapu, R K AU - Briggs, Brandon R AU - Zeng, Q AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract B41H EP - 0154 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1718053956?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Potential+application+of+microbial+iron+redox+cycles+in+nitrate+removal+and+their+effects+on+clay+mineral+properties&rft.au=Zhao%2C+L%3BDong%2C+H%3BKukkadapu%2C+R+K%3BBriggs%2C+Brandon+R%3BZeng%2C+Q%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zhao&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-01 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mechanisms for uranyl reduction by ferrous iron in solution and at the oxide mineral-water interface AN - 1718053579; 2015-092587 AB - The reduction of U(VI)aq to the insoluble U(IV) oxidation state is a relevant process for retarding U transport in the subsurface. However, experimental results have been inconclusive of whether U(VI)aq is reduced by Fe(II)aq in anoxic, homogeneous environments. Experimental and computational approaches were used here to understand mechanisms for uranyl removal from solution, focusing on whether Fe(II)aq reduces U(VI)aq via homogeneous or heterogeneous pathways. In an initially homogeneous system with 1 mM Fe(II)aq and 0.16 mM U(VI)aq, U(VI)aq concentrations dropped to 10-5 M in the first hour of reaction due to (meta)schoepite precipitation. Similarly, at a lower U(VI)aq concentration (0.02 mM), U(VI) precipitation occurred but more slowly. XRD and XPS analyses of the solids confirmed partially reduced (meta)schoepite phases, where 25-30% of U was reduced. Thus U(VI)aq was removed from solution by precipitation first, enabling partial reduction of the solid U phase via heterogeneous pathways. Ab initio methods and Marcus Theory were used to calculate the electron-transfer (ET) rate of U(VI)aq reduction to U(V)aq by Fe(II)aq. When U(VI)aq and Fe(II)aq were modelled as outer-sphere (OS) complexes, the reaction occurred as a proton-coupled ET reaction. Modelling ET to occur before proton-transfer (PT), the redox products were thermodynamically unfavorable (+102 kJ/mol) and ET was the rate-limiting step (10-12 s-1). If ET and PT occurred concurrently, the redox products were energetically favorable (-19 to -35 kJ/mol) though the reaction was still kinetically inhibited; the rate is effectively 0 s-1. In contrast, ET for an inner-sphere (IS) complex was thermodynamically favorable (-16 kJ/mol) and significantly faster (104 to 108 s-1). Significant thermodynamic and kinetic barriers were associated with the OS-complex becoming an IS-complex, such as dehydration of the first solvation shell (+96 kJ/mol) and hydrolysis of Fe(II), preventing IS-complex formation. These results substantiate studies where the reduction of U(VI)aq by Fe(II)aq occurs via heterogeneous pathways. Further studies on this system involving the impact of Al- and Fe-oxide minerals are underway to explore heterogeneous redox pathways and the effects of semiconducting and insulating minerals on redox rates. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Fernando, S AU - Marcano, Maria C AU - Becker, U AU - Rosso, Kevin M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract B21B EP - 0041 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1718053579?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Mechanisms+for+uranyl+reduction+by+ferrous+iron+in+solution+and+at+the+oxide+mineral-water+interface&rft.au=Fernando%2C+S%3BMarcano%2C+Maria+C%3BBecker%2C+U%3BRosso%2C+Kevin+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Fernando&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-01 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantifying the microbial utilization of methanogenesis and methane loss from northern wetlands AN - 1718053571; 2015-092542 AB - The importance of methanogenesis and percent of methane loss from the subsurface porewater in various northern wetland sites was quantified with isotope-mass balance equations. With equimolar amounts of CO2 and CH4 produced from methanogenesis, the amount of dissolved CO2 produced from methanogenesis as compared to other decomposition processes can be calculated and is equivalent to the amount of CH4 before loss due to ebullition, plant-mediated transport, and diffusion. This method was applied to porewater samples collected from various locations within permafrost collapse-scar bogs and northern peatlands. From the peatland sites, bogs produced less CO2-meth than fens (2.9+ or -1.3 mM and 3.7+ or -1.4 mM, respectively). Methanogenesis was a more utilized decomposition process in the bogs than the fens. However, greater amounts of CO2-meth found in fen sites was most likely due to the presence of more labile organic substrates resulting in greater overall production. More CH4 was lost in fens (89+ or -2.8%) than bogs (82+ or -5.3%) from plant-mediated transport as fens are dominated by vascular plants (Carex) while bogs are dominated by Sphagnum mosses. In permafrost sites, mid-bogs produced twice the amount of CO2-meth as bog moats (1.6+ or -0.63 mM and 0.82+ or -0.20 mM, respectively). Less methanogenesis was found in bog moats as recently thawed organic matter is exposed to initial decomposition processes and methane production grows over time. A similar amount of CH4 was lost from bog moats as mid bogs (63+ or -7.0% and 64+ or -9.3%, respectively) likely due to the greater density of vascular plants found within a bog moat. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Corbett, J E AU - Tfaily, Malak AU - Burdige, D AU - Glaser, P H AU - Chanton, J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract B13G EP - 0258 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1718053571?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Quantifying+the+microbial+utilization+of+methanogenesis+and+methane+loss+from+northern+wetlands&rft.au=Corbett%2C+J+E%3BTfaily%2C+Malak%3BBurdige%2C+D%3BGlaser%2C+P+H%3BChanton%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Corbett&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-01 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reactivity of Tc at the groundwater-surface water interface AN - 1718053504; 2015-092500 AB - Technetium-99 (t1/2=211,000y) is environmentally mobile as the pertechnetate oxyanion [99Tc(VII)O4-(aq)]. Tc(VII) may react to less soluble Tc(IV) at intermediate redox potentials (Eo=-0.36 V) through heterogeneous reduction with solid-phase biogenic reaction products. 99Tc is forecast to migrate through groundwater to the Columbia River at the U.S. DOE Hanford site in Washington State. Discharge to surface water will occur through a groundwater-surface water interaction zone with complex hydrogeology and biogeochemistry that is stimulated by the overlapping nutrient regimes of groundwater and surface water. The reactivity of pertechnetate in reduced sediments from this zone was investigated to determine effects of biogenic ferrous-Fe and sulfide-S on Tc(VII) reduction rate; and the resulting speciation, mineral association, and physical location of Tc(IV). 99Tc(VII) was reduced to near detection (<10-9 Mol/L) over periods of days to months. Tc(VII) reduction rate was first order in [Tc(VII)]aq and sediment mass, but correlations with specific biogenic reductant concentrations [(Fe(II), ferrous mono-sulfide] were not found. Tc(IV) was isolated to fine-grained aggregates (0.1 to 0.5 mm) of "mud", consisting of primary mineral material embedded within a phyllosilicate or clay matrix. EXAFS revealed that product Tc(IV) existed as combinations of a Tc(IV)O2-like phase, Tc(IV)-Fe surface clusters, and/or TcSx. Ferrous mono-sulfide was implicated as a more selective reductant. Migration of Tc(VII) through the interaction zone will be controlled by water residence time and the density and spatial distribution of fine-grained aggregates that host reductive biogeochemical processes in otherwise coarse-textured, partially oxygenated sediments. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Zachara, John M AU - Fredrickson, Jim AU - McKinley, James AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract B12A EP - 05 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1718053504?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Reactivity+of+Tc+at+the+groundwater-surface+water+interface&rft.au=Zachara%2C+John+M%3BFredrickson%2C+Jim%3BMcKinley%2C+James%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zachara&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-01 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of protein-mineral interactions for protein adsorption or fragmentation AN - 1718053330; 2015-092677 AB - Soil exo-enzymes (EE) are proteins with the capability to catalyze the depolymerization of soil organic matter (SOM). SOM must be disassembled by EEs in order to be transported through the microbial cell wall and become metabolized. One factor determining an EE's functionality is their affinity to mineral surfaces found in the soil. Our goal was to establish the range of protein modifications, either chemical or structural, as the protein becomes associated with mineral surfaces. We hypothesized that pedogenic oxides would generate more extensive chemical alterations to the protein structure than phyllosilicates. A well-characterized protein proxy (Gb1, IEP 4.0, 6.2 kDA) was adsorbed onto functionally different mineral surfaces (goethite, montmorillonite, kaolinite and birnesite) at pH 5 and pH 7. We used 1H 15N Heteronuclear Single Quantum Coherence Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (HSQC NMR) to observe structural modifications in the unadsorbed Gb1 that was allowed to equilibrate during the adsorption process for kaolinite, goethite and birnessite. Solid state NMR was used to observe the structural modifications of Gb1 while adsorbed onto kaolinite and montmorillonite. Preliminary results in the HSQC NMR spectra observed no changes in the native conformation of Gb1 when allowed to interact with goethite and kaolinite while birnessite induced strong structural modification of Gb1 at an acidic pH. Our results suggest that not all mineral surfaces in soil act as sorbents for EEs and changes in their catalytic activity upon adsorption to minerals surfaces may not just be an indication of conformational changes but of fragmentation of the protein itself. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Chacon, S S AU - Reardon, P AU - Washton, N AU - Kleber, M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract B31L EP - 03 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1718053330?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=The+role+of+protein-mineral+interactions+for+protein+adsorption+or+fragmentation&rft.au=Chacon%2C+S+S%3BReardon%2C+P%3BWashton%2C+N%3BKleber%2C+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Chacon&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-01 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Elucidating the physical and chemical structural changes of proteins on clay mineral surfaces using large-scale molecular dynamics simulations in tandem with NMR spectroscopy AN - 1718052112; 2015-092690 AB - Carbon cycling among the three major Earth's pools, i.e., atmosphere, terrestrial systems and oceans, has received increased attention because the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere has increased significantly in recent years reaching concentrations greater than 400 ppm that have never been recorded before, warming the planet and changing the climate. Within the terrestrial system, soil organic matter (SOM) represents an important sub-pool of carbon. The associations of SOM with soil mineral interfaces and particles, creating micro-aggregates, are believed to regulate the bioavailability of the associated organic carbon by protecting it from transformations and mineralization to carbon dioxide. Nevertheless, the molecular scale interactions of different types of SOM with a variety of soil minerals and the controls on the extent and rate of SOM transformation and mineralization are not well documented in the current literature. Given the importance of SOM fate and persistence in soils and the current knowledge gaps, the application of atomistic scale simulations to study SOM/mineral associations in abiotic model systems offers rich territory for original and impactful science. Molecular modeling and simulation of SOM is a burgeoning and challenging avenue for aiding the characterization of these complex compounds and chemical systems and for studying their interactions in self-assembled aggregates composed of different organic matter compounds and with mineral surfaces of different types and common in soils, which are thought to contribute to their reactive properties including recalcitrance potential and resistance to mineralization. Here, we will discuss our large-scale molecular dynamics simulation efforts to explore the interaction of proteins with clay minerals (i.e., phyllosilicates such as kaolinite, smectite and micas), including the potential physical and chemical structural changes of proteins, protein adsorption by polar and permanently charged mineral surfaces and variably charged edges, and the potential role of amphiphilic proteins in providing adsorptive layers for SOM-mineral interfaces. Our efforts at characterizing these systems through combined modeling and simulation and NMR will also be discussed. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Andersen, Amity AU - Govind, N AU - Washton, N AU - Reardon, P AU - Chacon, S S AU - Burton, S AU - Lipton, A AU - Kleber, M AU - Qafoku, Nik P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract B32E EP - 02 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1718052112?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Elucidating+the+physical+and+chemical+structural+changes+of+proteins+on+clay+mineral+surfaces+using+large-scale+molecular+dynamics+simulations+in+tandem+with+NMR+spectroscopy&rft.au=Andersen%2C+Amity%3BGovind%2C+N%3BWashton%2C+N%3BReardon%2C+P%3BChacon%2C+S+S%3BBurton%2C+S%3BLipton%2C+A%3BKleber%2C+M%3BQafoku%2C+Nik+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Andersen&rft.aufirst=Amity&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-01 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Investigation of water nucleation on designed single crystalline oxide surfaces; a step towards understanding the complex behavior of atmospheric aerosols AN - 1718051795; 2015-092431 AB - The interaction between water molecules and solid surfaces during water/ice nucleation is of extreme importance in physical, biological, geological, and environmental research. Aerosols in the atmosphere, including inorganic mineral dust particles and organic compounds from biogenic and anthropogenic sources, are recognized to be effective ice nuclei (IN) that lead to the formation of ice crystals. These ice crystals play important roles in climate through their interactions with solar and terrestrial radiation. However, a detailed understanding is hampered by the fact that the aerosols vary in size, chemical composition, morphology, crystal orientation, and local defects. In EMSL, some of those challenges can be addressed by utilizing state-of-the-art synthesis and characterization capabilities. By using molecular beam epitaxy (MBE), we are able to synthesis materials, such as TiO2 and Fe2O3, that are commonly found in mineral dusts in their single crystalline thin film form with controlled surface termination. Fundamental studies on these designed surfaces allow us to vary some of the variables independently so that a concrete cause and effect relationship can be established. In this study, we grow epitaxial rutile TiO2(110) and anatase TiO2(001) films and investigate water adsorption and water nucleation processes on these surfaces by ultra-high vacuum scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and environmental scanning electron microscopy (E-SEM). The surface reaction dynamics revealed can be of critical importance in understanding the water/ice nucleation process on complex aerosols. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Du, Yingge AU - Wang, Bingbing AU - Lyubinetsky, Igor AU - Laskin, Alexander AU - Kulkarni, Gourihar AU - Knopf, Daniel A AU - Guenther, Alex B AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract A53I EP - 3319 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1718051795?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Investigation+of+water+nucleation+on+designed+single+crystalline+oxide+surfaces%3B+a+step+towards+understanding+the+complex+behavior+of+atmospheric+aerosols&rft.au=Du%2C+Yingge%3BWang%2C+Bingbing%3BLyubinetsky%2C+Igor%3BLaskin%2C+Alexander%3BKulkarni%2C+Gourihar%3BKnopf%2C+Daniel+A%3BGuenther%2C+Alex+B%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Du&rft.aufirst=Yingge&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-01 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Clay mineralogy of soils and sediments from an alluvial aquifer, Rifle, Colorado AN - 1718051625; 2015-092589 AB - Alluvial aquifers along the Colorado River corridor in central to western Colorado contain legacy contamination including U, V, As and Se. These alluvial aquifers host important "hot spots" and "hot moments" for microbiological activity controlling organic carbon processing and fluxes in the subsurface that are both significant on their own, but also influence contaminant behavior. Mineral phases likely active in the sequestration of metal contaminants are chlorite, smectite-vermiculite, illite, and smectite. These minerals are also important biogeofacies markers. The Colorado alluvial sediments include lenses of silt and clay that are commonly more reduced than coarser grained materials. The clay minerals that make up the alluvial aquifer sediments include these mineral phases important for metal sequestration (chlorite, smectite, illite), as well as kaolinite and quartz. More specifically, the clay mineralogy of soils derived from these sediments at Rifle are composed of the same suite of minerals found in the alluvial sediments plus a vermiculite-smectite intergrade. The vermiculite-smectite intergrade is a weathering product of illite. The presence of illite and chlorite in both the sediments and the soils at Rifle reflect a mineralogically immature character of the source rocks. These assemblages are consistent with sediments and soils that formed in a moderately low rainfall climate, indicative of mixed provence of immature (chlorite, smectite, illite) and mature (kaolinite) minerals relative to their source areas. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Elliott, W C AU - Zaunbrecher, L K AU - Lim, D AU - Pickering, R A AU - Williams, K H AU - Long, Phil E AU - Qafoku, Nik P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract B21B EP - 0043 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1718051625?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Clay+mineralogy+of+soils+and+sediments+from+an+alluvial+aquifer%2C+Rifle%2C+Colorado&rft.au=Elliott%2C+W+C%3BZaunbrecher%2C+L+K%3BLim%2C+D%3BPickering%2C+R+A%3BWilliams%2C+K+H%3BLong%2C+Phil+E%3BQafoku%2C+Nik+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Elliott&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-01 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geochemical proxy distribution at the atomic-scale; atom probe tomography of foraminiferal calcite AN - 1718050411; 2015-092737 AB - Biomineral composition reflects a complex interplay between minute-scale biological control, mineral growth processes, and the influence of environmental conditions. For this reason, the mechanisms responsible for the formation of these minerals, as well as the incorporation of trace elements during biomineral growth, are poorly understood. Potential mechanisms governing the production and composition of biominerals can be organized into two distinct groups: a) biological mechanisms controlling the calcifying environment and b) mineral growth processes from this controlled environment. Despite significant advances in both these areas, critical gaps remain in our understanding of biomineral production and geochemical tracer incorporation. We are adapting Atom Probe Tomography (APT), a technique that maps the arrangement and identity of individual atoms within a bulk material, to analyze foraminiferal calcite for the first time. These data-rich atom-scale chemical maps provide a unique opportunity to deconvolve the effects of biological and crystal growth processes in the incorporation of geochemical tracers. Our first experiments have examined the influence of the biological-mineral interface on geochemical proxy element incorporation. Preliminary measurements show that (1) we can successfully map impurities in calcite biominerals, while also distinguishing between mineral and organic zones, overcoming a major technical hurdle; and (2) that elements like sodium appear to be recruited to the organic-mineral interface. The high-resolution chemical data from the APT will further allow us to investigate the fundamental basis for geochemical proxy behavior. For example, we can determine for a certain set of conditions whether the substitution of trace elements into the calcite follows ideal solid-solution behavior, as tacitly assumed in many geochemical proxy systems, or is modulated by intra-shell organics, or coupled-substitution interactions. Collectively, the application of APT to biominerals will lead to a mechanistic understanding of the processes controlling proxy behavior, with applications in climate science, geochemistry, and the design of complex biomimetic materials. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Branson, O AU - Perea, D E AU - Winters, M A AU - Fehrenbacher, J S AU - Russell, A D AU - Spero, H J AU - Gagnon, A C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract B41B EP - 0027 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1718050411?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Geochemical+proxy+distribution+at+the+atomic-scale%3B+atom+probe+tomography+of+foraminiferal+calcite&rft.au=Branson%2C+O%3BPerea%2C+D+E%3BWinters%2C+M+A%3BFehrenbacher%2C+J+S%3BRussell%2C+A+D%3BSpero%2C+H+J%3BGagnon%2C+A+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Branson&rft.aufirst=O&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-01 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - super(1)H NMR metabolomics study of metastatic melanoma in C57BL/6J mouse spleen AN - 1709186525; 20926323 AB - Melanoma is a malignant tumor of melanocytes. Although extensive investigations have been done to study metabolic changes in primary melanoma in vivo and in vitro, little effort has been devoted to metabolic profiling of metastatic tumors in organs other than lymph nodes. In this work, NMR-based metabolomics combined with multivariate data analysis is used to study metastatic B16-F10 melanoma in C57BL/6J mouse spleen. Principal component analysis, an unsupervised multivariate data analysis method, is used to detect possible outliers, while orthogonal projection to latent structure (OPLS), a supervised multivariate data analysis method, is employed to find important metabolites responsible for discriminating the control and the melanoma groups. Two different strategies, i.e. spectral binning and spectral deconvolution, are used to reduce the original spectral data before statistical analysis. Spectral deconvolution is found to be superior for identifying a set of discriminatory metabolites between the control and the melanoma groups, especially when the sample size is small. OPLS results show that the melanoma group can be well separated from its control group. It is found that taurine, glutamate, aspartate, O-phosphoethanolamine, niacinamide, ATP, lipids and glycerol derivatives are decreased statistically and significantly while alanine, malate, xanthine, histamine, dCTP, GTP, thymidine, 2'-deoxyguanosine are statistically and significantly elevated. These significantly changed metabolites are associated with multiple biological pathways and may be potential biomarkers for metastatic melanoma in spleen. JF - Metabolomics AU - Wang, Xuan AU - Hu, Mary AU - Feng, Ju AU - Liu, Maili AU - Hu, Jian Zhi AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA, jianzhi.hu@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - Dec 2014 SP - 1129 EP - 1144 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 10 IS - 6 SN - 1573-3882, 1573-3882 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Data processing KW - Alanine KW - Lipids KW - Xanthine KW - Statistical analysis KW - GTP KW - Spleen KW - Metabolites KW - Tumors KW - Melanocytes KW - biomarkers KW - Lymph nodes KW - Melanoma KW - Metastases KW - Taurine KW - Glycerol KW - Principal components analysis KW - N.M.R. KW - metabolomics KW - W 30910:Imaging UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1709186525?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Metabolomics&rft.atitle=super%281%29H+NMR+metabolomics+study+of+metastatic+melanoma+in+C57BL%2F6J+mouse+spleen&rft.au=Wang%2C+Xuan%3BHu%2C+Mary%3BFeng%2C+Ju%3BLiu%2C+Maili%3BHu%2C+Jian+Zhi&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Xuan&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1129&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Metabolomics&rft.issn=15733882&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11306-014-0652-z LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 75 N1 - Last updated - 2015-09-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Data processing; Alanine; Xanthine; Lipids; Statistical analysis; Spleen; GTP; Metabolites; Melanocytes; Tumors; biomarkers; Lymph nodes; Melanoma; Metastases; Taurine; Glycerol; Principal components analysis; N.M.R.; metabolomics DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11306-014-0652-z ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Functional approach to exploring climatic and landscape controls on runoff generation; 2, Timing of runoff storm response AN - 1680750693; 2015-044375 AB - Hortonian overland flow, Dunne overland flow, and subsurface stormflow are the three most dominant mechanisms contributing to both the volume and timing of streamflow in headwater catchments. In this paper, guided by the Dunne diagram, we explore the impacts of climate, soil, and topography on estimated probability distributions of the travel times of each of these three runoff components. In each case, these are expressed in terms of the Connected Instantaneous Response Functions (CIRF) and account for the dynamics of their individual partial effective contributing areas that retain the connectivity to the outlet (instead of the whole catchment area). A spatially distributed hydrological model is used to derive the CIRFs numerically under multiple combinations of climate, soil, and topographic properties. The mean travel times and dimensionless forms of the CIRFs (i.e., scaled by their respective mean travel times) are used to examine both advective and dispersive aspects of catchment's runoff routing response. It is found that the CIRFs, upon nondimensionalization, collapsed to common characteristic shapes, which could be explained in terms of the relative contributions of hillslope and channel network flows, and the size of runoff contributing areas. The contributing areas, particularly for the Dunne overland flow, are themselves found to be governed by the competition between drainage of and recharge to the water table, and could be explained by a dimensionless drainage index which quantifies this competition. The study also reveals simple indicators based on landscape properties that can explain the magnitude of travel times in different catchments. Abstract Copyright (2014), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Li, Hong-Yi AU - Sivapalan, Murugesu Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - 9323 EP - 9342 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 50 IS - 12 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - numerical analysis KW - drainage KW - catchment hydrodynamics KW - streamflow KW - runoff KW - climate effects KW - hydrodynamics KW - storms KW - landscapes KW - climate KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1680750693?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Functional+approach+to+exploring+climatic+and+landscape+controls+on+runoff+generation%3B+2%2C+Timing+of+runoff+storm+response&rft.au=Li%2C+Hong-Yi%3BSivapalan%2C+Murugesu&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Hong-Yi&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=9323&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2014WR016308 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 42 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - catchment hydrodynamics; climate; climate effects; drainage; hydrodynamics; hydrology; landscapes; numerical analysis; runoff; soils; storms; streamflow DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014WR016308 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrogen peroxide cycling in acidic geothermal environments and potential implications for oxidative stress AN - 1676588178; 2015-038007 AB - Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) may be produced in natural waters via photochemical reactions between dissolved oxygen, organic carbon and light. Other reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide and hydroxyl radicals are potentially formed in environments with high concentrations of ferrous iron (Fe(II), approximately 10-100 mu M) by reaction between H2O2 and Fe(II) (i.e., Fenton chemistry). Thermophilic archaea and bacteria inhabiting acidic iron-oxide mats have defense mechanisms against both extracellular and intracellular peroxide, such as peroxiredoxins (which can degrade H2O2) and against other ROS, such as superoxide dismutases. Biological cycling of H2O2 is not well understood in geothermal ecosystems, and geochemical measurements combined with molecular investigations will contribute to our understanding of microbial response to oxidative stress. We measured H2O2 and other dissolved compounds (Fe(II), Fe(III), H2S, O2), as well as photon flux, pH and temperature, over time in surface geothermal waters of several acidic springs in Norris Geyser Basin, Yellowstone National Park, WY (Beowulf Spring and One Hundred Spring Plain). Iron-oxide mats were sampled in Beowulf Spring for on-going analysis of metatranscriptomes and RT-qPCR assays of specific stress-response gene transcription (e.g., superoxide dismutases, peroxiredoxins, thioredoxins, and peroxidases). In situ analyses show that H2O2 concentrations are lowest in the source waters of sulfidic systems (ca. 1 mu M), and increase by two-fold in oxygenated waters corresponding to Fe(III)-oxide mat formation (ca. 2-3 mu M). Channel transects confirm increases in H2O2 as a function of oxygenation (distance). The temporal dynamics of H2O2, O2, Fe(II), and H2S in Beowulf geothermal waters were also measured during a diel cycle, and increases in H2O2 were observed during peak photon flux. These results suggest that photochemical reactions may contribute to changes in H2O2. We hypothesize that increases in H2O2 and O2 concentrations in iron-oxidizing habitats will induce higher transcription rates of genes responsible for H2O2 degradation and O2 respiration. Subsequent measurements of additional ROS and analysis of transcript data will provide broader insight on the interactions and metabolic response within iron mat communities under oxidative stress. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Mesle, Margaux AU - Beam, Jacob AU - Jay, Zackary AU - Bodle, Brynna AU - Bogenschutz, E AU - Inskeep, W AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract B43C EP - 0263 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1676588178?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Hydrogen+peroxide+cycling+in+acidic+geothermal+environments+and+potential+implications+for+oxidative+stress&rft.au=Mesle%2C+Margaux%3BBeam%2C+Jacob%3BJay%2C+Zackary%3BBodle%2C+Brynna%3BBogenschutz%2C+E%3BInskeep%2C+W%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Mesle&rft.aufirst=Margaux&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-30 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The methane to carbon dioxide ratio produced during peatland decomposition and a simple approach for distinguishing this ratio AN - 1676587762; 2015-038031 AB - Peatland organic matter is cellulose-like with an oxidation state of approximately zero. When this material decomposes by fermentation, stoichiometry dictates that CH4 and CO2 should be produced in a ratio approaching one. While this is generally the case in temperate zones, this production ratio is often departed from in boreal peatlands, where the ratio of belowground CH4/CO2 production varies between 0.1 and 1, indicating CO2 production by a mechanism in addition to fermentation. The in situ CO2/CH4 production ratio may be ascertained by analysis of the 13C isotopic composition of these products, because CO2 production unaccompanied by methane production produces CO2 with an isotopic composition similar to the parent organic matter while methanogenesis produces 13C depleted methane and 13C enriched CO2. The 13C enrichment in the subsurface CO2 pool is directly related to the amount of if formed from methane production and the isotopic composition of the methane itself. Excess CO2 production is associated with more acidic conditions, Sphagnum vegetation, high and low latitudes, methane production dominated by hydrogenotrophic methane production, 13C depleted methane, and generally, more nutrient depleted conditions. Three theories have been offered to explain these observations- 1) inhibition of acetate utilization, acetate build-up and diffusion to the surface and eventual aerobic oxidation, 2) the use of humic acids as electron acceptors, and the 3) utilization of organic oxygen to produce CO2. In support of #3, we find that 13C-NMR, Fourier transform infrared (FT IR) spectroscopy, and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS) clearly show the evolution of polysaccharides and cellulose towards more decomposed humified alkyl compounds stripped of organic oxygen utilized to form CO2. Such decomposition results in more negative carbon oxidation states varying from -1 to -2. Coincident with this reduction in oxidation state, is the greater production of methane. Changing climatic conditions may alter the balance of the factors which affect the CO2/CH4 ratio by changing the water balance of the peatland, nutrient status, or temperature. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Chanton, J AU - Hodgkins, S B AU - Cooper, W T AU - Glaser, P H AU - Corbett, J E AU - Crill, Patrick M AU - Saleska, S R AU - Rich, V I AU - Holmes, B AU - Hines, Mark E AU - Tfaily, Malak AU - Kostka, Joel E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract B44A EP - 02 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1676587762?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=The+methane+to+carbon+dioxide+ratio+produced+during+peatland+decomposition+and+a+simple+approach+for+distinguishing+this+ratio&rft.au=Chanton%2C+J%3BHodgkins%2C+S+B%3BCooper%2C+W+T%3BGlaser%2C+P+H%3BCorbett%2C+J+E%3BCrill%2C+Patrick+M%3BSaleska%2C+S+R%3BRich%2C+V+I%3BHolmes%2C+B%3BHines%2C+Mark+E%3BTfaily%2C+Malak%3BKostka%2C+Joel+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Chanton&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-30 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mapping microbial carbon substrate utilization across permafrost thaw AN - 1676587391; 2015-037938 AB - Permafrost thaw is likely to create a substantial positive feedback to climate warming, as previously frozen carbon becomes bioavailable and is released to the atmosphere. Microbes mediate this release, while also consuming "new" carbon from plant inputs and middle-aged soil carbon pools in the seasonally-thawed active layer overlying permafrost. This carbon consumption releases carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4), both potent greenhouse gases. To investigate microbial carbon cycling in this changing habitat, we examined how microbial communities' carbon substrate degradation changes along a natural permafrost thaw gradient in Stordalen Mire (68.35 degrees N, 19.05 degrees E), northern Sweden. At this location, intermediate thaw creates Sphagnum moss-dominated bogs, while complete thaw results in Eriophorum sedge-dominated fens. The progression of thaw results in increasing organic matter lability (Hodgkins et al, 2014), shifting microbial community composition (Mondav & Woodcroft et al 2014), and changing carbon gas emissions (McCalley et al., in review). However, the inter-relationship of the first two in producing the third remains unclear. We analyzed microbial carbon substrate utilization in the intermediate-thaw and full-thaw sites by two incubation-based methods. We used Biolog EcoPlates, which contain 31 ecologically relevant carbon substrates and a colorimetric marker of their consumption, and into which we added a soil liquid suspension. In addition, we performed mason-jar incubations of peat with carbon substrate amendments and measured CH4 and CO2 emissions. Preliminary Biolog Ecoplate incubations showed that intermediate-thaw features responded faster and more strongly overall to a wide range of substrates relative to the full-thaw features. Preliminary mason jar incubations showed that acetate amendment elicited the greatest response increase in CH4 production and the second greatest increase in CO2 production relative to the controls, in samples from both habitats. In addition, the lowest CH4 and CO2 production was seen in amendments of sphagnum acid. It is important to understand the carbon substrate utilization occurring at these initial and advanced thaw features to speculate the degree to which various carbon inputs are being metabolized to produce the observed gas emissions. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Anderson, Darya AU - Rich, V I AU - Hodgkins, S B AU - Tfaily, Malak AU - Chanton, J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract B31G EP - 0122 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1676587391?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Mapping+microbial+carbon+substrate+utilization+across+permafrost+thaw&rft.au=Anderson%2C+Darya%3BRich%2C+V+I%3BHodgkins%2C+S+B%3BTfaily%2C+Malak%3BChanton%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.aufirst=Darya&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-30 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Source apportionment of stack emissions from research and development facilities using positive matrix factorization AN - 1660075707; 21279637 AB - Research and development (R&D) facility emissions are difficult to characterize due to their variable processes, changing nature of research, and large number of chemicals. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) was applied to volatile organic compound (VOC) concentrations measured in the main exhaust stacks of four different R&D buildings to identify the number and composition of major contributing sources. PMF identified between 9 and 11 source-related factors contributing to stack emissions, depending on the building. Similar factors between buildings were major contributors to trichloroethylene (TCE), acetone, and ethanol emissions; other factors had similar profiles for two or more buildings but not all four. At least one factor for each building was identified that contained a broad mix of many species and constraints were used in PMF to modify the factors to resemble more closely the off-shift concentration profiles. PMF accepted the constraints with little decrease in model fit. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Ballinger, Marcel Y AU - Larson, Timothy V AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Battelle Seattle Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - 59 EP - 65 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 98 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE); Aerospace & High Technology Database (AH) KW - Positive matrix factorization KW - Measured stack emissions KW - Bootstrapping KW - Volatile organic compounds KW - Mathematical models KW - Research and development KW - Ethyl alcohol KW - Concentration (composition) KW - Factorization KW - Acetone KW - Stack emissions KW - Buildings UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1660075707?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Source+apportionment+of+stack+emissions+from+research+and+development+facilities+using+positive+matrix+factorization&rft.au=Ballinger%2C+Marcel+Y%3BLarson%2C+Timothy+V&rft.aulast=Ballinger&rft.aufirst=Marcel&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=98&rft.issue=&rft.spage=59&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.atmosenv.2014.08.041 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-03-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-05 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.08.041 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Functional approach to exploring climatic and landscape controls of runoff generation: 1. Behavioral constraints on runoff volume AN - 1654685902; PQ0001053518 AB - Inspired by the Dunne diagram, the climatic and landscape controls on the partitioning of annual runoff into its various components (Hortonian and Dunne overland flow and subsurface stormflow) are assessed quantitatively, from a purely theoretical perspective. A simple distributed hydrologic model has been built sufficient to simulate the effects of different combinations of climate, soil, and topography on the runoff generation processes. The model is driven by a sequence of simple hypothetical precipitation events, for a large combination of climate and landscape properties, and hydrologic responses at the catchment scale are obtained through aggregation of grid-scale responses. It is found, first, that the water balance responses, including relative contributions of different runoff generation mechanisms, could be related to a small set of dimensionless similarity parameters. These capture the competition between the wetting, drying, storage, and drainage functions underlying the catchment responses, and in this way, provide a quantitative approximation of the conceptual Dunne diagram. Second, only a subset of all hypothetical catchment/climate combinations is found to be "behavioral," in terms of falling sufficiently close to the Budyko curve, describing mean annual runoff as a function of climate aridity. Furthermore, these behavioral combinations are mostly consistent with the qualitative picture presented in the Dunne diagram, indicating clearly the commonality between the Budyko curve and the Dunne diagram. These analyses also suggest clear interrelationships amongst the "behavioral" climate, soil, and topography parameter combinations, implying these catchment properties may be constrained to be codependent in order to satisfy the Budyko curve. Key Points: * Functional similarity dimensionless numbers identified for water balance * Commonality of Dunne diagram and Budyko curve * Codependence amongst climate, soil, and topography JF - Water Resources Research AU - Li, Hong-Yi AU - Sivapalan, Murugesu AU - Tian, Fuqiang AU - Harman, Ciaran AD - Hydrology Technical Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA. Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - 9300 EP - 9322 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ United States VL - 50 IS - 12 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Catchment area KW - Hydrologic Budget KW - Water resources KW - Mean annual runoff KW - Annual Runoff KW - Hydrologic Models KW - Catchment basins KW - Dimensionless numbers KW - Aridity KW - Hydrologic models KW - Topography KW - Climate models KW - Drainage KW - Climates KW - Catchment Areas KW - Climate KW - Drying KW - Precipitation KW - Overland flow KW - Annual runoff KW - Water balance KW - Rainfall-runoff modeling KW - Water resources research KW - Runoff KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - M2 556:General (556) KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - Q2 09182:Methods and instruments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1654685902?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Functional+approach+to+exploring+climatic+and+landscape+controls+of+runoff+generation%3A+1.+Behavioral+constraints+on+runoff+volume&rft.au=Li%2C+Hong-Yi%3BSivapalan%2C+Murugesu%3BTian%2C+Fuqiang%3BHarman%2C+Ciaran&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Hong-Yi&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=9300&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2014WR016307 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Water balance; Catchment area; Climate; Water resources; Drying; Dimensionless numbers; Runoff; Climate models; Drainage; Precipitation; Mean annual runoff; Overland flow; Annual runoff; Catchment basins; Rainfall-runoff modeling; Water resources research; Aridity; Topography; Hydrologic models; Hydrologic Models; Catchment Areas; Climates; Hydrologic Budget; Annual Runoff DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014WR016307 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Multi-Level Analysis Approach to Measuring Variations in Biomass Recalcitrance of Douglas Fir Tree Samples AN - 1651419287; 21110423 AB - Biomass recalcitrance is a major bottleneck in the development of an economically viable process to convert woody biomass into fuels and other valuable chemicals. Selective breeding of trees with low recalcitrance toward biofuel conversion could help significantly reduce the cost of biofuel production, but such efforts would require a greater understanding of the nature of variations in the biomass recalcitrance of softwood species. The complexity of biomass recalcitrance, however, hinders research into determining the viability of breeding programs aimed to improve the recalcitrance of softwoods. In this study, a method was developed to determine biomass recalcitrance at three levels: chemical composition, pretreatment yield, and sugar release from the enzymatic hydrolysis. This method is designed to investigate the biomass recalcitrance variations among different families of Douglas-fir, which is the most abundant and promising softwood species for biofuel production in the Pacific Northwest region. Wood samples from 150 plantation-grown trees were collected and analyzed to test the method and the applicability of the parameters screened. The relationships between these levels are discussed to determine the best method for screening large D. fir populations. A parameter, a biomass recalcitrance factor, was introduced to quantify the level of biomass recalcitrance toward sugar production from different D. fir trees. JF - BioEnergy Research AU - Geleynse, Scott AU - Alvarez-Vasco, Carlos AU - Garcia, Karissa AU - Jayawickrama, Keith AU - Trappe, Matt AU - Zhang, Xiao AD - Bioproducts Sciences and Engineering Laboratory, Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Richland, WA, USA Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - Dec 2014 SP - 1411 EP - 1420 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 7 IS - 4 SN - 1939-1234, 1939-1234 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA) KW - Northwest KW - Trees KW - Fuels KW - Economics KW - Softwoods KW - Conversion KW - Biomass KW - Sugars UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651419287?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BioEnergy+Research&rft.atitle=A+Multi-Level+Analysis+Approach+to+Measuring+Variations+in+Biomass+Recalcitrance+of+Douglas+Fir+Tree+Samples&rft.au=Geleynse%2C+Scott%3BAlvarez-Vasco%2C+Carlos%3BGarcia%2C+Karissa%3BJayawickrama%2C+Keith%3BTrappe%2C+Matt%3BZhang%2C+Xiao&rft.aulast=Geleynse&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1411&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BioEnergy+Research&rft.issn=19391234&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12155-014-9483-z LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-03 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12155-014-9483-z ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Integrated 'omics analysis for studying the microbial community response to a pH perturbation of a cellulose-degrading bioreactor culture AN - 1642623458; 21170270 AB - Integrated 'omics have been used on pure cultures and co-cultures, yet they have not been applied to complex microbial communities to examine questions of perturbation response. In this study, we used integrated 'omics to measure the perturbation response of a cellulose-degrading bioreactor community fed with microcrystalline cellulose (Avicel). We predicted that a pH decrease by addition of a pulse of acid would reduce microbial community diversity and temporarily reduce reactor function in terms of cellulose degradation. However, 16S rDNA gene pyrosequencing results revealed increased alpha diversity in the microbial community after the perturbation, and a persistence of the dominant community members over the duration of the experiment. Proteomics results showed a decrease in activity of proteins associated with Fibrobacter succinogenes 2 days after the perturbation followed by increased protein abundances 6 days after the perturbation. The decrease in cellulolytic activity suggested by the proteomics was confirmed by the accumulation of Avicel in the reactor. Metabolomics showed a pattern similar to that of the proteome, with amino acid production decreasing 2 days after the perturbation and increasing after 6 days. This study demonstrated that community 'omics data provide valuable information about the interactions and function of anaerobic cellulolytic community members after a perturbation. We evaluated the functional response of a microbial community cultured in a bioreactor to a pulse of acid using 'omics techniques. JF - FEMS Microbiology Ecology AU - Boaro, Amy A AU - Kim, Young-Mo AU - Konopka, Allan E AU - Callister, Stephen J AU - Ahring, Birgitte K AD - Bioproducts, Sciences and Engineering Laboratory. Washington State University Tri-cities Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - 802 EP - 815 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 90 IS - 3 SN - 0168-6496, 0168-6496 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Pure culture KW - Amino acids KW - Data processing KW - Bioreactors KW - Cellulose KW - Cell culture KW - proteomics KW - pH effects KW - rRNA 16S KW - Fibrobacter succinogenes KW - metabolomics KW - A 01450:Environmental Pollution & Waste Treatment KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1642623458?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=FEMS+Microbiology+Ecology&rft.atitle=Integrated+%27omics+analysis+for+studying+the+microbial+community+response+to+a+pH+perturbation+of+a+cellulose-degrading+bioreactor+culture&rft.au=Boaro%2C+Amy+A%3BKim%2C+Young-Mo%3BKonopka%2C+Allan+E%3BCallister%2C+Stephen+J%3BAhring%2C+Birgitte+K&rft.aulast=Boaro&rft.aufirst=Amy&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=90&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=802&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=FEMS+Microbiology+Ecology&rft.issn=01686496&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2F1574-6941.12435 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pure culture; Data processing; Amino acids; Bioreactors; Cellulose; Cell culture; proteomics; rRNA 16S; pH effects; metabolomics; Fibrobacter succinogenes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1574-6941.12435 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regionalization of subsurface stormflow parameters of hydrologic models; up-scaling from physically-based numerical simulations at hillslope scale AN - 1707521456; 2015-083591 AB - Subsurface stormflow is an important component of the rainfall-runoff response, especially in steep forested regions. However; its contribution is poorly represented in current generation of land surface hydrological models (LSMs) and catchment-scale rainfall-runoff models. The lack of physical basis of common parameterizations precludes a priori estimation (i.e. without calibration), which is a major drawback for prediction in ungauged basins, or for use in global models. This paper is aimed at deriving physically based parameterizations of the storage-discharge relationship relating to subsurface flow. These parameterizations are derived through a two-step up-scaling procedure: firstly, through simulations with a physically based (Darcian) subsurface flow model for idealized three dimensional rectangular hillslopes, accounting for within-hillslope random heterogeneity of soil hydraulic properties, and secondly, through subsequent up-scaling to the catchment scale by accounting for between-hillslope and within-catchment heterogeneity of topographic features (e.g., slope). These theoretical simulation results produced parameterizations of the storage-discharge relationship in terms of soil hydraulic properties, topographic slope and their heterogeneities, which were consistent with results of previous studies. Yet, regionalization of the resulting storage-discharge relations across 50 actual catchments in eastern United States, and a comparison of the regionalized results with equivalent empirical results obtained on the basis of analysis of observed streamflow recession curves, revealed a systematic inconsistency. It was found that the difference between the theoretical and empirically derived results could be explained, to first order, by climate in the form of climatic aridity index. This suggests a possible co-dependence of climate, soils, vegetation and topographic properties, and suggests that subsurface flow parameterization needed for ungauged locations must account for both the physics of flow in heterogeneous landscapes, and the co-dependence of soil and topographic properties with climate, including possibly the mediating role of vegetation. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Journal of Hydrology AU - Ali, Melkamu AU - Ye, Sheng AU - Li, Hong-Yi AU - Huang, Maoyi AU - Leung, L Ruby AU - Fiori, Aldo AU - Sivapalan, Murugesu Y1 - 2014/11/27/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Nov 27 SP - 683 EP - 698 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 519 IS - Part A SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - United States KW - water storage KW - slopes KW - rivers and streams KW - Council Creek basin KW - stormwater KW - Soquel Creek basin KW - vegetation KW - simulation KW - relief KW - ground water KW - California KW - Payne County Oklahoma KW - Richards equation KW - movement KW - drainage basins KW - discharge KW - forests KW - rainfall KW - numerical analysis KW - Darcy's law KW - Central California KW - surface water KW - prediction KW - Eastern U.S. KW - properties KW - equations KW - models KW - Oklahoma KW - runoff KW - mathematical methods KW - Santa Cruz Mountains KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1707521456?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Regionalization+of+subsurface+stormflow+parameters+of+hydrologic+models%3B+up-scaling+from+physically-based+numerical+simulations+at+hillslope+scale&rft.au=Ali%2C+Melkamu%3BYe%2C+Sheng%3BLi%2C+Hong-Yi%3BHuang%2C+Maoyi%3BLeung%2C+L+Ruby%3BFiori%2C+Aldo%3BSivapalan%2C+Murugesu&rft.aulast=Ali&rft.aufirst=Melkamu&rft.date=2014-11-27&rft.volume=519&rft.issue=Part+A&rft.spage=683&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jhydrol.2014.07.018 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00221694 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 61 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, sketch maps N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-27 N1 - CODEN - JHYDA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; Central California; Council Creek basin; Darcy's law; discharge; drainage basins; Eastern U.S.; equations; forests; ground water; mathematical methods; models; movement; numerical analysis; Oklahoma; Payne County Oklahoma; prediction; properties; rainfall; relief; Richards equation; rivers and streams; runoff; Santa Cruz Mountains; simulation; slopes; Soquel Creek basin; stormwater; surface water; United States; vegetation; water storage DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.07.018 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regionalization of subsurface stormflow parameters of hydrologic models; derivation from regional analysis of streamflow recession curves AN - 1707521042; 2015-083590 AB - Subsurface stormflow is an important component of the rainfall-runoff response, especially in steep terrain. Its contribution to total runoff is, however, poorly represented in the current generation of land surface models. The lack of physical basis of these common parameterizations precludes a priori estimation of the stormflow (i.e. without calibration), which is a major drawback for prediction in ungauged basins, or for use in global land surface models. This paper is aimed at deriving regionalized parameterizations of the storage-discharge relationship relating to subsurface stormflow from a top-down empirical data analysis of streamflow recession curves extracted from 50 eastern United States catchments. Detailed regression analyses were performed between parameters of the empirical storage-discharge relationships and the controlling climate, soil and topographic characteristics. The regression analyses performed on empirical recession curves at catchment scale indicated that the coefficient of the power-law form storage-discharge relationship is closely related to the catchment hydrologic characteristics, which is consistent with the hydraulic theory derived mainly at the hillslope scale. As for the exponent, besides the role of field scale soil hydraulic properties as suggested by hydraulic theory, it is found to be more strongly affected by climate (aridity) at the catchment scale. At a fundamental level these results point to the need for more detailed exploration of the co-dependence of soil, vegetation and topography with climate. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Journal of Hydrology AU - Ye, Sheng AU - Li, Hong-Yi AU - Huang, Maoyi AU - Ali, Melkamu AU - Leng, Guoyong AU - Leung, L Ruby AU - Wang, Shao-wen AU - Sivapalan, Murugesu Y1 - 2014/11/27/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Nov 27 SP - 670 EP - 682 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 519 IS - Part A SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - United States KW - water storage KW - terrestrial environment KW - power law KW - stormwater KW - calibration KW - climate change KW - relief KW - discharge KW - climate KW - rainfall KW - arid environment KW - surface water KW - statistical analysis KW - Eastern U.S. KW - properties KW - models KW - streamflow KW - regional KW - runoff KW - mathematical methods KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - landscapes KW - regression analysis KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1707521042?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Regionalization+of+subsurface+stormflow+parameters+of+hydrologic+models%3B+derivation+from+regional+analysis+of+streamflow+recession+curves&rft.au=Ye%2C+Sheng%3BLi%2C+Hong-Yi%3BHuang%2C+Maoyi%3BAli%2C+Melkamu%3BLeng%2C+Guoyong%3BLeung%2C+L+Ruby%3BWang%2C+Shao-wen%3BSivapalan%2C+Murugesu&rft.aulast=Ye&rft.aufirst=Sheng&rft.date=2014-11-27&rft.volume=519&rft.issue=Part+A&rft.spage=670&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jhydrol.2014.07.017 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00221694 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 60 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-27 N1 - CODEN - JHYDA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arid environment; calibration; climate; climate change; discharge; Eastern U.S.; hydraulic conductivity; landscapes; mathematical methods; models; power law; properties; rainfall; regional; regression analysis; relief; runoff; statistical analysis; stormwater; streamflow; surface water; terrestrial environment; United States; water storage DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.07.017 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact of sedimentary provenance and weathering on arsenic distribution in aquifers of the Datong Basin, China; constraints from elemental geochemistry AN - 1660634987; 2015-019726 AB - Arsenic (As)-contaminated aquifer sediments from Datong basin, China have been analyzed to infer the provenance and depositional environment related to As distribution in the aquifer sediments. The As content in the sediments ranged from 2.45 to 27.38 mg/kg with an average value of 9.54 mg/kg, which is comparable to the average value in modern unconsolidated sediments. However, minor variation in As concentration with depth has been observed in the core. There was a significant correlation between Fe, and Al and As, which was attributed to the adsorption or co-precipitation of As onto/with Fe oxides/hydroxides and/or Fe-coated clay minerals. Post-Archean Australian Shale (PAAS)-normalized REEs patterns of sediment samples along the borehole were constant, and the sediments had a notably restricted range of La (sub N) /Yb (sub N) ratios from 0.7 to 1.0. These results suggested that the provenance of the Datong basin remained similar throughout the whole depositional period. The analysis of major geochemical compositions confirmed that all core sediments were from the same sedimentary source and experienced significant sedimentary recycling. The co-variation of As, V/Al, Ni/Al and chemical index of alteration (CIA) values in the sediments along the borehole suggested that As distribution in the sediments was primarily controlled by weathering processes. The calculated CIA values of the sediments along the borehole indicate that a relative strong chemical weathering occurred during the deposition of sediments at depths of approximately 35 to 88 m, which was corresponding to the depth at which high As groundwater was observed at the site. Strong chemical weathering favored the deposition of Fe-bearing minerals including poorly crystalline and crystalline Fe oxide mineral phases and concomitant co-precipitation of As with these minerals in the sediments. Subsequent reductive dissolution of As-bearing poorly crystalline and crystalline Fe oxides would result in the enrichment of As in groundwater. In general, the chemical weathering during the deposition of the sediments governed the co-accumulation of Fe oxides and As in the aquifer sediments. And then, the reductive dissolution of Fe oxides/hydroxides is the mechanism of As enrichment in the groundwater in the Datong basin. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Journal of Hydrology AU - Xie, Xianjun AU - Wang, Yanxin AU - Ellis, Andre AU - Liu, Chongxuan AU - Duan, Mengyu AU - Li, Junxia Y1 - 2014/11/27/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Nov 27 SP - 3541 EP - 3549 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 519 IS - Part D SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - Far East KW - stream sediments KW - rivers and streams KW - mass spectra KW - hydrogeology KW - reservoir rocks KW - ground water KW - Cenozoic KW - Shanxi China KW - major elements KW - sediments KW - drainage basins KW - X-ray fluorescence spectra KW - oxides KW - Hebei China KW - spectra KW - rare earths KW - trace elements KW - chemical composition KW - Asia KW - water pollution KW - geochemistry KW - China KW - bedrock KW - Datong China KW - pollutants KW - arsenic KW - pollution KW - hydrochemistry KW - weathering KW - aquifers KW - ICP mass spectra KW - provenance KW - Tertiary KW - geomorphologic effects KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - Beijing China KW - unconsolidated materials KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1660634987?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Impact+of+sedimentary+provenance+and+weathering+on+arsenic+distribution+in+aquifers+of+the+Datong+Basin%2C+China%3B+constraints+from+elemental+geochemistry&rft.au=Xie%2C+Xianjun%3BWang%2C+Yanxin%3BEllis%2C+Andre%3BLiu%2C+Chongxuan%3BDuan%2C+Mengyu%3BLi%2C+Junxia&rft.aulast=Xie&rft.aufirst=Xianjun&rft.date=2014-11-27&rft.volume=519&rft.issue=Part+D&rft.spage=3541&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jhydrol.2014.10.044 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00221694 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 75 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-05 N1 - CODEN - JHYDA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; arsenic; Asia; bedrock; Beijing China; Cenozoic; chemical composition; China; Datong China; drainage basins; Far East; geochemistry; geomorphologic effects; ground water; Hebei China; hydrochemistry; hydrogeology; ICP mass spectra; major elements; mass spectra; metals; oxides; pollutants; pollution; precipitation; provenance; rare earths; reservoir rocks; rivers and streams; sediments; Shanxi China; spectra; stream sediments; Tertiary; trace elements; unconsolidated materials; water pollution; weathering; X-ray fluorescence spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.10.044 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Transition Metal-Ceria Nano-Composite Catalyst for Air Pollution Control Application T2 - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AN - 1627968059; 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6309442 JF - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AU - Olarte, Mariefel AU - Elliott, Douglas AU - Neuenschwander, Gary AU - Rotness, Leslie AU - Cort, John AU - Burton, Sarah AU - Padmaperuma, Asanga AU - Drennan, Corinne AU - Zacher, Alan Y1 - 2014/11/16/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Nov 16 KW - Pyrolysis KW - Fuels KW - Biomass KW - Streams UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1627961726?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.atitle=Bio-Oil+Streams+in+the+Current+Fast+Pyrolysis+-+Catalytic+Upgrading+Route+of+Producing+Renewable+Liquid+Fuel+from+Biomass&rft.au=Olarte%2C+Mariefel%3BElliott%2C+Douglas%3BNeuenschwander%2C+Gary%3BRotness%2C+Leslie%3BCort%2C+John%3BBurton%2C+Sarah%3BPadmaperuma%2C+Asanga%3BDrennan%2C+Corinne%3BZacher%2C+Alan&rft.aulast=Olarte&rft.aufirst=Mariefel&rft.date=2014-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2014/webprogram/meeting2014-11-16.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-31 N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-26 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Modeling and Experimental Validation in the Development of Chemical Hydrogen Storage Materials for Automotive Applications T2 - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AN - 1627961516; 6307668 JF - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AU - Brooks, Kriston AU - Pires, Rich AU - Semelsberger, Troy AU - VanHassel, Bart Y1 - 2014/11/16/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Nov 16 KW - Storage KW - Hydrogen UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1627961516?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.atitle=Modeling+and+Experimental+Validation+in+the+Development+of+Chemical+Hydrogen+Storage+Materials+for+Automotive+Applications&rft.au=Brooks%2C+Kriston%3BPires%2C+Rich%3BSemelsberger%2C+Troy%3BVanHassel%2C+Bart&rft.aulast=Brooks&rft.aufirst=Kriston&rft.date=2014-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2014/webprogram/meeting2014-11-16.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-31 N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-26 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Detailed Step-By-Step Reactions Towards the Synthesis of a MOF T2 - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AN - 1627960227; 6308970 JF - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AU - Cantu, David AU - McGrail, B AU - Glezakou, Vassiliki-Alexandra Y1 - 2014/11/16/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Nov 16 KW - Chemical engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1627960227?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.atitle=Detailed+Step-By-Step+Reactions+Towards+the+Synthesis+of+a+MOF&rft.au=Cantu%2C+David%3BMcGrail%2C+B%3BGlezakou%2C+Vassiliki-Alexandra&rft.aulast=Cantu&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2014-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2014/webprogram/meeting2014-11-16.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-31 N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-26 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Removal of Low Concentration Radioactive Noble Gases Using Metal-Organic Frameworks-a Column Breakthrough Study T2 - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AN - 1627959846; 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6314303 JF - 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress & Exposition (ASME 2014) AU - Bamberger, Judith Y1 - 2014/11/14/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Nov 14 KW - Slurries KW - Pumps UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645157932?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2014+International+Mechanical+Engineering+Congress+%26+Exposition+%28ASME+2014%29&rft.atitle=Experimental+Evaluation+of+Dual-Opposed+Jet+Pump+Performance+for+Slurry+Mixing&rft.au=Bamberger%2C+Judith&rft.aulast=Bamberger&rft.aufirst=Judith&rft.date=2014-11-14&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2014+International+Mechanical+Engineering+Congress+%26+Exposition+%28ASME+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.asmeconferences.org/Congress2014/ViewAcceptedAbstracts.cfm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Electrocatalytic H sub(2) production with a turnover frequency >10 super(7) s super(-1): the medium provides an increase in rate but not overpotential AN - 1790931346; PQ0003113800 AB - Rapid proton movement results in exceptionally fast electrocatalytic H sub(2) production (up to 3 10 super(7) s super(-1)) at overpotentials of similar to 400 mV when catalysed by [Ni(P super(Ph) sub(2)N super(C) sub(6)H sub(4)x sub(2)) sub(2)] super(2+) complexes in an acidic ionic liquid-water medium ([(DMF)H]NTf sub(2)-H sub(2)O, chi sub(H) sub(2)O = 0.71). JF - Energy & Environmental Science AU - Hou, Jianbo AU - Fang, Ming AU - Cardenas, Allan Jay P AU - Shaw, Wendy J AU - Helm, Monte L AU - Bullock, RMorris AU - Roberts, John AS AU - O'Hagan, Molly AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; 902 Battelle Blvd.; Richland; WA 99352; USA Y1 - 2014/11// PY - 2014 DA - November 2014 SP - 4013 EP - 4017 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry, c/o Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Secaucus New Jersey 07096 2485 United States VL - 7 IS - 12 SN - 1754-5692, 1754-5692 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Energy KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1790931346?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+%26+Environmental+Science&rft.atitle=Electrocatalytic+H+sub%282%29+production+with+a+turnover+frequency+%26gt%3B10+super%287%29+s+super%28-1%29%3A+the+medium+provides+an+increase+in+rate+but+not+overpotential&rft.au=Hou%2C+Jianbo%3BFang%2C+Ming%3BCardenas%2C+Allan+Jay+P%3BShaw%2C+Wendy+J%3BHelm%2C+Monte+L%3BBullock%2C+RMorris%3BRoberts%2C+John+AS%3BO%27Hagan%2C+Molly&rft.aulast=Hou&rft.aufirst=Jianbo&rft.date=2014-11-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=4013&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+%26+Environmental+Science&rft.issn=17545692&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc4ee01899k LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-05-01 N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Energy DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ee01899k ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pore-scale simulation of liquid CO (sub 2) displacement of water using a two-phase lattice Boltzmann model AN - 1784737996; 2016-035406 AB - A lattice Boltzmann color-fluid model, which was recently proposed by Liu et al. (2012) based on a concept of continuum surface force, is improved to simulate immiscible two-phase flows in porous media. The new improvements allow the model to account for different kinematic viscosities of both fluids and to model fluid-solid interactions. The capability and accuracy of this model is first validated by two benchmark tests: a layered two-phase flow with a variable viscosity ratio, and a dynamic capillary intrusion. This model is then used to simulate liquid CO (sub 2) (LCO (sub 2) ) displacing water in a dual-permeability pore network. The extent and behavior of LCO (sub 2) preferential flow (i.e., fingering) is found to depend on the capillary number (Ca), and three different displacement patterns observed in previous micromodel experiments are reproduced. The predicted variation of LCO (sub 2) saturation with Ca, as well as variation of specific interfacial length with LCO (sub 2) saturation, are both in reasonable agreement with the experimental observations. To understand the effect of heterogeneity on pore-scale displacement, we also simulate LCO (sub 2) displacing water in a randomly heterogeneous pore network, which has the same size and porosity as the simulated dual-permeability pore network. In comparison to the dual-permeability case, the transition from capillary fingering to viscous fingering occurs at a higher Ca, and LCO (sub 2) saturation is higher at low Ca but lower at high Ca. In either pore network, the LCO (sub 2) -water specific interfacial length is found to obey a power-law dependence on LCO (sub 2) saturation. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Advances in Water Resources AU - Liu, Haihu AU - Valocchi, Albert J AU - Werth, Charles AU - Kang, Qinjun AU - Oostrom, Mart Y1 - 2014/11// PY - 2014 DA - November 2014 SP - 144 EP - 158 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 73 SN - 0309-1708, 0309-1708 KW - two-phase models KW - fluid flow KW - porous materials KW - capillarity KW - preferential flow KW - solution KW - simulation KW - porosity KW - carbon dioxide KW - chemical reactions KW - viscosity KW - saturation KW - immiscibility KW - multiphase flow KW - lattice Boltzmann method KW - heterogeneity KW - permeability KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1784737996?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.atitle=Pore-scale+simulation+of+liquid+CO+%28sub+2%29+displacement+of+water+using+a+two-phase+lattice+Boltzmann+model&rft.au=Liu%2C+Haihu%3BValocchi%2C+Albert+J%3BWerth%2C+Charles%3BKang%2C+Qinjun%3BOostrom%2C+Mart&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Haihu&rft.date=2014-11-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=&rft.spage=144&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.issn=03091708&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.advwatres.2014.07.010 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03091708 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 104 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - capillarity; carbon dioxide; chemical reactions; fluid flow; heterogeneity; immiscibility; lattice Boltzmann method; multiphase flow; permeability; porosity; porous materials; preferential flow; saturation; simulation; solution; two-phase models; viscosity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2014.07.010 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sediment and (super 137) Cs behaviors in the Ogaki Dam reservoir during a heavy rainfall event AN - 1680756056; 2015-043492 AB - We performed a simulation of sediment and (super 137) Cs behaviors in the Ogaki Dam Reservoir, one of the main irrigation reservoirs in the Fukushima prefecture, Japan, during a heavy rainfall event occurred in 2013. The one-dimensional river and reservoir simulation scheme TODAM, Time-dependent One-dimensional Degradation and Migration, was applied for calculating the time dependent migration of sediment and (super 137) Cs in dissolved and sediment-sorbed forms in the reservoir. Continuous observational data achieved in the upper rivers were used as the input boundary conditions for the simulation. The simulation results were compared with the continuous data achieved in the lower river and we confirmed the predicted values of sediment and (super 137) Cs in sediment-sorbed form at the exit of reservoir satisfactorily reproduced the observational data. We also performed sediment and (super 137) Cs behavioral simulation by changing the water level of the reservoir, because such a dam operation could control the quantities of sediment and (super 137) Cs discharge from and/or deposition in the reservoir. The simulation clarified that the reservoir played an important role to delay and buffer the movement of radioactive cesium in heavy rainfall events and the buffer effect of the reservoir depended on particle sizes of suspended sediment and the water level. It was also understood that silt deposition was the main source of the bed contamination (except for the initial fallout impact), while clay was the main carrier of (super 137) Cs to the lower river at a later stage of rainfall events. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Journal of Environmental Radioactivity AU - Kurikami, Hiroshi AU - Kitamura, Akihiro AU - Yokuda, Satoru Thomas AU - Onishi, Yasuo Y1 - 2014/11// PY - 2014 DA - November 2014 SP - 10 EP - 17 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 137 SN - 0265-931X, 0265-931X KW - sorption KW - lake-level changes KW - Far East KW - isotopes KW - buffers KW - power plants KW - simulation KW - environmental analysis KW - Fukushima Daiichi nuclear accident KW - radioactive isotopes KW - cesium KW - dams KW - sediments KW - drainage basins KW - Ogaki Reservoir KW - discharge KW - chemical composition KW - Asia KW - water pollution KW - Fukushima Japan KW - monitoring KW - reservoirs KW - numerical models KW - rainfall KW - alkali metals KW - pollution KW - Niigata Japan KW - nuclear energy KW - Cs-137 KW - metals KW - mathematical methods KW - mobilization KW - Honshu KW - Japan KW - public health KW - lake sediments KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1680756056?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Radioactivity&rft.atitle=Sediment+and+%28super+137%29+Cs+behaviors+in+the+Ogaki+Dam+reservoir+during+a+heavy+rainfall+event&rft.au=Kurikami%2C+Hiroshi%3BKitamura%2C+Akihiro%3BYokuda%2C+Satoru+Thomas%3BOnishi%2C+Yasuo&rft.aulast=Kurikami&rft.aufirst=Hiroshi&rft.date=2014-11-01&rft.volume=137&rft.issue=&rft.spage=10&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Radioactivity&rft.issn=0265931X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jenvrad.2014.06.013 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/0265931X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; Asia; buffers; cesium; chemical composition; Cs-137; dams; discharge; drainage basins; environmental analysis; Far East; Fukushima Japan; Fukushima Daiichi nuclear accident; Honshu; isotopes; Japan; lake sediments; lake-level changes; mathematical methods; metals; mobilization; monitoring; Niigata Japan; nuclear energy; numerical models; Ogaki Reservoir; pollution; power plants; public health; radioactive isotopes; rainfall; reservoirs; sediments; simulation; sorption; water pollution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2014.06.013 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact of resolution on simulation of closed mesoscale cellular convection identified by dynamically guided watershed segmentation AN - 1642625429; 21180182 AB - Organized mesoscale cellular convection (MCC) is a common feature of marine stratocumulus clouds that forms in response to interactions among dynamic, microphysical, and radiative processes at the mesoscale. Cloud resolving models begin to resolve some of these processes, but using high resolutions is extremely costly. To understand the impact of limited resolution on MCC, we use the Weather Research and Forecasting model with chemistry and fully coupled cloud-aerosol interactions to simulate MCC over the southeast Pacific during the Variability of the American Monsoon Systems Ocean-Cloud-Atmosphere-Land Study Regional Experiment (VOCALS-REx). A suite of experiments with 3 and 9km grid spacing indicates that the simulations with finer grid spacing have smaller liquid water paths and cloud fractions, while cloud tops are higher. The observed diurnal cycle is reasonably well simulated. To isolate organized MCC characteristics, we develop a new automated method that uses the watershed segmentation combining the detection of cloud boundaries with coincident vertical velocities. This ensures that the detected cloud fields are dynamically consistent for closed MCC, a common feature within the VOCALS-REx region. We demonstrate that the 3km simulation is able to reproduce the scaling between horizontal cell size and boundary layer depth seen in satellite observations for the conditions of 900-1400m deep boundary layers. However, the 9km simulation is unable to resolve smaller circulations corresponding to shallower boundary layers, instead producing MCC with an invariant horizontal scale for all simulated boundary layers depths. The results demonstrate that the grid spacing needed for proper simulation of the MCC structure in marine stratocumulus regions depends on the boundary layer depth. Key Points * Enhanced watershed segmentation identifies mesoscale organization based on w * Closed MCC organize near the effective resolution of mesoscale models * Resolving closed-cell marine stratocumulus depends on boundary layer depth JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres AU - Martini, Matus N AU - Gustafson, William I AU - Yang, Qing AU - Xiao, Heng AD - Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA. Y1 - 2014/11// PY - 2014 DA - November 2014 SP - 12 EP - 12,688 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ United States VL - 119 IS - 22 SN - 2169-897X, 2169-897X KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Convection KW - Atmospheric pollution models KW - ISE, Pacific KW - Watersheds KW - Atmospheric chemistry models KW - Vertical velocities KW - Cellular convection KW - Weather forecasting KW - Weather KW - Diurnal variations KW - Marine stratocumulus KW - Atmospheric circulation KW - Model Studies KW - Clouds KW - Numerical simulations KW - Boundary layers KW - Boundaries KW - Mesoscale models KW - Scaling KW - Monsoons KW - Prediction KW - Variability KW - Boundary Layers KW - Remote sensing KW - Mesoscale features KW - Ocean-atmosphere system KW - Simulation KW - Velocity KW - Satellites KW - Mesoscale cellular convection KW - Oceanic circulation KW - Satellite data KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - SW 0810:General KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - Q2 09202:Methods and instruments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1642625429?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.atitle=Impact+of+resolution+on+simulation+of+closed+mesoscale+cellular+convection+identified+by+dynamically+guided+watershed+segmentation&rft.au=Martini%2C+Matus+N%3BGustafson%2C+William+I%3BYang%2C+Qing%3BXiao%2C+Heng&rft.aulast=Martini&rft.aufirst=Matus&rft.date=2014-11-01&rft.volume=119&rft.issue=22&rft.spage=12&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.issn=2169897X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2014JD021962 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Prediction; Boundary layers; Ocean-atmosphere system; Atmospheric circulation; Mesoscale features; Cellular convection; Watersheds; Weather forecasting; Monsoons; Clouds; Satellite data; Oceanic circulation; Atmospheric pollution models; Marine stratocumulus; Numerical simulations; Atmospheric chemistry models; Vertical velocities; Mesoscale models; Mesoscale cellular convection; Convection; Diurnal variations; Weather; Remote sensing; Velocity; Simulation; Scaling; Satellites; Variability; Boundaries; Boundary Layers; Model Studies; ISE, Pacific DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014JD021962 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using an explicit emission tagging method in global modeling of source-receptor relationships for black carbon in the Arctic: Variations, sources, and transport pathways AN - 1642611779; 21180203 AB - We introduce an explicit emission tagging technique in the Community Atmosphere Model to quantify source-region-resolved characteristics of black carbon (BC), focusing on the Arctic. Explicit tagging of BC source regions without perturbing the emissions provides a physically consistent and computationally efficient approach to establish source-receptor relationships and transport pathways. Our analysis shows that the contributions of major source regions to the global BC burden are not proportional to the respective emissions due to strong region-dependent removal rates and lifetimes, while the contributions to BC direct radiative forcing show a near-linear dependence on their respective contributions to the burden. Arctic BC concentrations, deposition, and source contributions all have strong seasonal variations. Eastern Asia contributes the most to the wintertime Arctic BC burden, but has much less impact on lower-level concentrations and deposition. Northern Europe emissions are more important to both surface concentration and deposition in winter than in summer. The largest contribution to Arctic BC in the summer is from Northern Asia. Although local emissions contribute less than 10% to the annual mean BC burden and deposition within the Arctic, the per-emission efficiency is much higher than for non-Arctic sources. The interannual variability (1996-2005) due to meteorology is small in annual mean BC burden and radiative forcing but is significant in yearly seasonal means over the Arctic. When a slow aging treatment of BC is introduced, the increase of BC lifetime and burden is source dependent. Global BC forcing-per-burden efficiency also increases primarily due to changes in BC vertical distributions. Key Points * Arctic BC and source contributions have strong seasonal variations * Interannual variability is significant in seasonal means of Arctic BC * Arctic BC is extremely sensitive to uncertainties in high-latitude emissions JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres AU - Wang, Hailong AU - Rasch, Philip J AU - Easter, Richard C AU - Singh, Balwinder AU - Zhang, Rudong AU - Ma, Po-Lun AU - Qian, Yun AU - Ghan, Steven J AU - Beagley, Nathaniel AD - Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA, USA. Y1 - 2014/11// PY - 2014 DA - November 2014 SP - 12 EP - 12,909 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ United States VL - 119 IS - 22 SN - 2169-897X, 2169-897X KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Variability KW - Seasonal Variations KW - Atmospheric pollution models KW - Aging KW - Europe KW - Atmosphere KW - Radiative forcing KW - Carbon KW - ANE, Europe KW - Meteorology KW - Tagging KW - Asia KW - Seasonal variations KW - Modelling KW - Vertical distribution KW - Vertical Distribution KW - Environmental impact KW - Methodology KW - PN, Arctic KW - Interannual variability KW - Deposition KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - SW 0810:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1642611779?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.atitle=Using+an+explicit+emission+tagging+method+in+global+modeling+of+source-receptor+relationships+for+black+carbon+in+the+Arctic%3A+Variations%2C+sources%2C+and+transport+pathways&rft.au=Wang%2C+Hailong%3BRasch%2C+Philip+J%3BEaster%2C+Richard+C%3BSingh%2C+Balwinder%3BZhang%2C+Rudong%3BMa%2C+Po-Lun%3BQian%2C+Yun%3BGhan%2C+Steven+J%3BBeagley%2C+Nathaniel&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Hailong&rft.date=2014-11-01&rft.volume=119&rft.issue=22&rft.spage=12&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.issn=2169897X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2014JD022297 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Vertical distribution; Carbon; Aging; Environmental impact; Meteorology; Tagging; Seasonal variations; Methodology; Modelling; Interannual variability; Radiative forcing; Atmospheric pollution models; Seasonal Variations; Variability; Vertical Distribution; Deposition; Atmosphere; PN, Arctic; ANE, Europe; Europe; Asia DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014JD022297 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of convection-permitting model simulations of cloud populations associated with the Madden-Julian Oscillation using data collected during the AMIE/DYNAMO field campaign AN - 1635018828; 21053931 AB - Regional convection-permitting model simulations of cloud populations observed during the 2011 Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Madden-Julian Oscillation Investigation Experiment/Dynamics of the Madden-Julian Oscillation Experiment (AMIE/DYNAMO) field campaign are evaluated against ground-based radar and ship-based observations. Sensitivity of model simulated reflectivity, surface rain rate, and cold pool statistics to variations of raindrop breakup/self-collection parameters in four state-of-the-art two-moment bulk microphysics schemes in the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model is examined. The model simulations generally overestimate reflectivity from large and deep convective cells, and underestimate stratiform rain and the frequency of cold pools. In the sensitivity experiments, introduction of more aggressive raindrop breakup or decreasing the self-collection efficiency increases the cold pool occurrence frequency in all of the simulations, and slightly reduces the reflectivity and precipitation statistics bias in some schemes but has little effect on the overall mean surface precipitation. Both the radar observations and model simulations of cloud populations show an approximate power law relationship between convective echo-top height and equivalent convective cell radius. Key Points * Microphysics schemes are evaluated using data collected during AMIE/DYNAMO * There is a power law relationship between echo-top height and cloud radius * Cold pool frequency is sensitive to raindrop breakup and self-collection JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres AU - Hagos, Samson AU - Feng, Zhe AU - Burleyson, Casey D AU - Lim, Kyo-Sun Sunny AU - Long, Charles N AU - Wu, Di AU - Thompson, Greg AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA. Y1 - 2014/11// PY - 2014 DA - November 2014 SP - 12 EP - 12,068 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ United States VL - 119 IS - 21 SN - 2169-897X, 2169-897X KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Prediction KW - Statistics KW - Reflectance KW - Power law KW - Pools KW - Cold pools KW - Radiation KW - Weather forecasting KW - Precipitation statistics KW - Modelling KW - Atmospheric precipitations KW - Weather KW - Simulation Analysis KW - Convective cells KW - Atmospheric radiation measurements KW - Raindrop breakup KW - Precipitation KW - Madden-Julian oscillation KW - Clouds KW - Numerical simulations KW - Convective activity KW - Radar KW - Downward long wave radiation KW - Rain KW - Statistical forecasting KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - SW 0810:General KW - M2 551.509.1/.5:Forecasting (551.509.1/.5) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1635018828?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+convection-permitting+model+simulations+of+cloud+populations+associated+with+the+Madden-Julian+Oscillation+using+data+collected+during+the+AMIE%2FDYNAMO+field+campaign&rft.au=Hagos%2C+Samson%3BFeng%2C+Zhe%3BBurleyson%2C+Casey+D%3BLim%2C+Kyo-Sun+Sunny%3BLong%2C+Charles+N%3BWu%2C+Di%3BThompson%2C+Greg&rft.aulast=Hagos&rft.aufirst=Samson&rft.date=2014-11-01&rft.volume=119&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=12&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.issn=2169897X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2014JD022143 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Clouds; Prediction; Atmospheric precipitations; Reflectance; Downward long wave radiation; Weather forecasting; Modelling; Convective cells; Atmospheric radiation measurements; Power law; Raindrop breakup; Precipitation; Cold pools; Madden-Julian oscillation; Numerical simulations; Radar; Convective activity; Statistical forecasting; Precipitation statistics; Weather; Statistics; Radiation; Simulation Analysis; Pools; Rain DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014JD022143 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of uncertainties in the response of the African monsoon precipitation to land use change simulated by a regional model AN - 1627985790; 20926513 AB - Land use and land cover (LULC) over Africa have changed substantially over the last 60 years and this change has been proposed to affect monsoon circulation and precipitation. This study examines the uncertainties of model simulated response in the African monsoon system and Sahel precipitation due to LULC change using a set of regional model simulations with different combinations of land surface and cumulus parameterization schemes. Although the magnitude of the response covers a broad range of values, most of the simulations show a decline in Sahel precipitation due to the expansion of pasture and croplands at the expense of trees and shrubs and an increase in surface air temperature. The relationship between the model responses to LULC change and the climatologists of the control simulations is also examined. Simulations that are climatologically too dry or too wet compared to observations and reanalyses have weak response to land use change because they are in moisture or energy limited regimes respectively. The ones that lie in between have stronger response to the LULC changes, showing a more significant role in land-atmosphere interactions. Much of the change in precipitation is related to changes in circulation, particularly to the response of the intensity and latitudinal position of the African Easterly Jet, which varies with the changes in meridional surface temperature gradients. The study highlights the need for measurements of the surface fluxes across the meridional cross-section of the Sahel to evaluate models and thereby allowing human impacts such as land use change on the monsoon to be projected more realistically. JF - Climate Dynamics AU - Hagos, Samson AU - Leung, LRuby AU - Xue, Yongkang AU - Boone, Aaron AU - Sales, Fernando AU - Neupane, Naresh AU - Huang, Maoyi AU - Yoon, Jin-Ho AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA, samson.hagos@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2014/11// PY - 2014 DA - November 2014 SP - 2765 EP - 2775 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 43 IS - 9-10 SN - 0930-7575, 0930-7575 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Land Use KW - Surface temperatures KW - Resource management KW - Trees KW - Rainfall KW - Temperature Gradient KW - Pasture KW - Surface fluxes KW - Modelling KW - Atmospheric circulation KW - Land use KW - Model Studies KW - Cropland KW - Clouds KW - Numerical simulations KW - Africa KW - Human factors KW - Monsoons KW - African monsoon KW - Climate change KW - Data reanalysis KW - Air temperature KW - Meteorologists KW - Agricultural land KW - Assessments KW - Shrubs KW - Climate models KW - Climates KW - Climate KW - Temperature KW - Simulation KW - Precipitation KW - Regional-scale models KW - Energy KW - Monsoon circulation KW - Land-atmosphere interaction KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - M2 551.58:Climatology (551.58) KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - Q2 09124:Coastal zone management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1627985790?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climate+Dynamics&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+uncertainties+in+the+response+of+the+African+monsoon+precipitation+to+land+use+change+simulated+by+a+regional+model&rft.au=Hagos%2C+Samson%3BLeung%2C+LRuby%3BXue%2C+Yongkang%3BBoone%2C+Aaron%3BSales%2C+Fernando%3BNeupane%2C+Naresh%3BHuang%2C+Maoyi%3BYoon%2C+Jin-Ho&rft.aulast=Hagos&rft.aufirst=Samson&rft.date=2014-11-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=9-10&rft.spage=2765&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climate+Dynamics&rft.issn=09307575&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00382-014-2092-x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 43 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Clouds; Meteorologists; Resource management; Climate change; Air temperature; Land use; Modelling; Monsoons; Surface temperatures; Climate models; African monsoon; Atmospheric circulation; Precipitation; Data reanalysis; Numerical simulations; Regional-scale models; Monsoon circulation; Surface fluxes; Land-atmosphere interaction; Shrubs; Trees; Rainfall; Climate; Temperature; Simulation; Pasture; Agricultural land; Energy; Human factors; Cropland; Land Use; Assessments; Climates; Temperature Gradient; Model Studies; Africa DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00382-014-2092-x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Limited impact on decadal-scale climate change from increased use of natural gas AN - 1648907531; 2015-009615 JF - Nature (London) AU - McJeon, Haewon AU - Edmonds, Jae AU - Bauer, Nico AU - Clarke, Leon AU - Fisher, Brian AU - Flannery, Brian P AU - Hilaire, Jerome AU - Krey, Volker AU - Marangoni, Giacomo AU - Mi, Raymond AU - Riahi, Keywan AU - Rogner, Holger AU - Tavoni, Massimo Y1 - 2014/10/23/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Oct 23 SP - 482 EP - 485 PB - Macmillan Journals, London VL - 514 IS - 7523 SN - 0028-0836, 0028-0836 KW - North America KW - shale gas KW - markets KW - natural gas KW - prediction KW - petroleum KW - global change KW - environmental effects KW - climate change KW - carbon dioxide KW - greenhouse gases KW - greenhouse effect KW - climate forcing KW - global warming KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1648907531?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+%28London%29&rft.atitle=Limited+impact+on+decadal-scale+climate+change+from+increased+use+of+natural+gas&rft.au=McJeon%2C+Haewon%3BEdmonds%2C+Jae%3BBauer%2C+Nico%3BClarke%2C+Leon%3BFisher%2C+Brian%3BFlannery%2C+Brian+P%3BHilaire%2C+Jerome%3BKrey%2C+Volker%3BMarangoni%2C+Giacomo%3BMi%2C+Raymond%3BRiahi%2C+Keywan%3BRogner%2C+Holger%3BTavoni%2C+Massimo&rft.aulast=McJeon&rft.aufirst=Haewon&rft.date=2014-10-23&rft.volume=514&rft.issue=7523&rft.spage=482&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+%28London%29&rft.issn=00280836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnature13837 L2 - http://www.nature.com/nature/index.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 98 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-29 N1 - CODEN - NATUAS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon dioxide; climate change; climate forcing; environmental effects; global change; global warming; greenhouse effect; greenhouse gases; markets; natural gas; North America; petroleum; prediction; shale gas DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature13837 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of an ELISA microarray assay for the sensitive and simultaneous detection of ten biodefense toxins. AN - 1562663270; 25112421 AB - Plant and microbial toxins are considered bioterrorism threat agents because of their extreme toxicity and/or ease of availability. Additionally, some of these toxins are increasingly responsible for accidental food poisonings. The current study utilized an ELISA-based protein antibody microarray for the multiplexed detection of ten biothreat toxins, botulinum neurotoxins (BoNT) A, B, C, D, E, F, ricin, shiga toxins 1 and 2 (Stx), and staphylococcus enterotoxin B (SEB), in buffer and complex biological matrices. The multiplexed assay displayed a sensitivity of 1.3 pg mL(-1) (BoNT/A, BoNT/B, SEB, Stx-1 and Stx-2), 3.3 pg mL(-1) (BoNT/C, BoNT/E, BoNT/F) and 8.2 pg mL(-1) (BoNT/D, ricin). All assays demonstrated high accuracy (75-120 percent recovery) and reproducibility (most coefficients of variation <20%). Quantification curves for the ten toxins were also evaluated in clinical samples (serum, plasma, nasal fluid, saliva, stool, and urine) and environmental samples (apple juice, milk and baby food) with overall minimal matrix effects. The multiplex assays were highly specific, with little cross-reactivity observed between the selected toxin antibodies. The results demonstrate a multiplex microarray that improves current immunoassay sensitivity for biological warfare agents in buffer, clinical, and environmental samples. JF - The Analyst AU - Jenko, Kathryn L AU - Zhang, Yanfeng AU - Kostenko, Yulia AU - Fan, Yongfeng AU - Garcia-Rodriguez, Consuelo AU - Lou, Jianlong AU - Marks, James D AU - Varnum, Susan M AD - Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA. susan.varnum@pnnl.gov. Y1 - 2014/10/21/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Oct 21 SP - 5093 EP - 5102 VL - 139 IS - 20 KW - Antibodies KW - 0 KW - Enterotoxins KW - Shiga Toxins KW - Toxins, Biological KW - enterotoxin B, staphylococcal KW - 39424-53-8 KW - Ricin KW - 9009-86-3 KW - Botulinum Toxins KW - EC 3.4.24.69 KW - Index Medicus KW - Antibodies -- immunology KW - Animals KW - Ricin -- analysis KW - Botulinum Toxins -- analysis KW - Shiga Toxins -- analysis KW - Enterotoxins -- analysis KW - Milk -- chemistry KW - Toxins, Biological -- blood KW - Protein Array Analysis KW - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay KW - Toxicology -- methods KW - Toxins, Biological -- analysis KW - Toxins, Biological -- urine UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1562663270?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Analyst&rft.atitle=Development+of+an+ELISA+microarray+assay+for+the+sensitive+and+simultaneous+detection+of+ten+biodefense+toxins.&rft.au=Jenko%2C+Kathryn+L%3BZhang%2C+Yanfeng%3BKostenko%2C+Yulia%3BFan%2C+Yongfeng%3BGarcia-Rodriguez%2C+Consuelo%3BLou%2C+Jianlong%3BMarks%2C+James+D%3BVarnum%2C+Susan+M&rft.aulast=Jenko&rft.aufirst=Kathryn&rft.date=2014-10-21&rft.volume=139&rft.issue=20&rft.spage=5093&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Analyst&rft.issn=1364-5528&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc4an01270d LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-08-31 N1 - Date created - 2014-09-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4an01270d ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Uranium Release from Acidic Weathered Hanford Sediments T2 - 2014 Annual Meeting of the Geological Society of America (GSA 2014) AN - 1645179689; 6317786 JF - 2014 Annual Meeting of the Geological Society of America (GSA 2014) AU - Um, Wooyong AU - Wang, Guohui AU - Washton, Nancy AU - Mueller, Karl AU - Wang, Zheming Y1 - 2014/10/19/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Oct 19 KW - Uranium KW - Climate KW - USA, Washington, Hanford KW - Sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645179689?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Geological+Society+of+America+%28GSA+2014%29&rft.atitle=Uranium+Release+from+Acidic+Weathered+Hanford+Sediments&rft.au=Um%2C+Wooyong%3BWang%2C+Guohui%3BWashton%2C+Nancy%3BMueller%2C+Karl%3BWang%2C+Zheming&rft.aulast=Um&rft.aufirst=Wooyong&rft.date=2014-10-19&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Geological+Society+of+America+%28GSA+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2014AM/webprogram/start.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radioiodine Biogeochemistry and Prevalence in Groundwater. AN - 1826605550; 25264421 AB - 129I is commonly either the top or among the top risk drivers, along with 99Tc, at radiological waste disposal sites and contaminated groundwater sites where nuclear material fabrication or reprocessing has occurred. The risk stems largely from 129I having a high toxicity, a high bioaccumulation factor (90% of all the body's iodine concentrates in the thyroid), a high inventory at source terms (due to its high fission yield), an extremely long half-life (16M years), and rapid mobility in the subsurface environment. Another important reason that 129I is a key risk driver is that there is uncertainty regarding its biogeochemical fate and transport in the environment. We typically can define 129I mass balance and flux at sites, but cannot predict accurately its response to changes in the environment. As a consequence of some of these characteristics, 129I has a very low drinking water standard, which is set at 1 pCi/L, the lowest of all radionuclides in the Federal Register. Recently, significant advancements have been made in detecting iodine species at ambient groundwater concentrations, defining the nature of the organic matter and iodine bond, and quantifying the role of naturally occurring sediment microbes to promote iodine oxidation and reduction. These recent studies have led to a more mechanistic understanding of radioiodine biogeochemistry. The objective of this review is to describe these advances and to provide a state of the science of radioiodine biogeochemistry relevant to its fate and transport in the terrestrial environment and provide information useful for making decisions regarding the stewardship and remediation of 129I contaminated sites. As part of this review, knowledge gaps were identified that would significantly advance the goals of basic and applied research programs for accelerating 129I environmental remediation and reducing uncertainty associated with disposal of 129I waste. Together the information gained from addressing these knowledge gaps will not alter the observation that 129I is primarily mobile, but it will likely permit demonstration that the entire 129I pool in the source term is not moving at the same rate and some may be tightly bound to the sediment, thereby smearing the modeled 129I peak and reducing maximum calculated risk. JF - Critical reviews in environmental science and technology AU - Kaplan, D I AU - Denham, M E AU - Zhang, S AU - Yeager, C AU - Xu, C AU - Schwehr, K A AU - Li, H P AU - Ho, Y F AU - Wellman, D AU - Santschi, P H AD - Savannah River National Laboratory , Aiken , SC , USA. ; Department of Marine Sciences, Texas A&M University , Galveston , TX , USA. ; Los Alamos National Laboratory , Los Alamos , NM , USA. ; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , WA , USA. Y1 - 2014/10/18/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Oct 18 SP - 2287 EP - 2335 VL - 44 IS - 20 SN - 1064-3389, 1064-3389 KW - fission product KW - iodate KW - iodination KW - iodide KW - Iodine-131 KW - Iodine-129 KW - covalent bonding KW - risk assessment KW - organic matter KW - remediation KW - microbiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1826605550?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Critical+reviews+in+environmental+science+and+technology&rft.atitle=Radioiodine+Biogeochemistry+and+Prevalence+in+Groundwater.&rft.au=Kaplan%2C+D+I%3BDenham%2C+M+E%3BZhang%2C+S%3BYeager%2C+C%3BXu%2C+C%3BSchwehr%2C+K+A%3BLi%2C+H+P%3BHo%2C+Y+F%3BWellman%2C+D%3BSantschi%2C+P+H&rft.aulast=Kaplan&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2014-10-18&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=20&rft.spage=2287&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Critical+reviews+in+environmental+science+and+technology&rft.issn=10643389&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2014-09-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An international assessment of the environmental effects of marine energy development AN - 1748860897; 2011-887297 AB - Power generated from marine energy devices, including those that harvest power from the waves and tides, has the potential to help meet the low-carbon energy needs of many coastal nations. However, these devices, and their related mooring lines, anchoring and buoyancy systems, and power export cables are still under development, resulting in a lack of understanding of potential environmental effects of these technologies. Locations suitable for marine energy development typically consist of rough waters, strong tidal currents, large waves, and inhospitable conditions for oceanographic measurements. Coupled with novel interactions between marine animals (particularly marine mammals and fish) and marine energy devices, these high-energy environments create a challenge for accurately observing, measuring, and analyzing environmental effects. Under the auspices of the International Ocean Energy Systems (OES), a collaborative project (Annex IV) was devised to identify and facilitate sharing of existing information on potential effects of tidal turbines and wave energy converters, and to inform permitting (consenting) processes that will enable deployment of these devices. In this paper, we explore the application of a variety of scientific fields to the examination of the environmental impacts of marine renewable energy devices, through three focused analyses. These analyses were conducted as part of the Annex IV initiative and are explored in greater length in the final report for the Annex IV effort; they focus on high-priority areas of concern for marine energy development that have appeared across several nations: 1) the interaction of marine animals with turbine blades; 2) effects of underwater sound from marine energy devices on marine animals; and 3) effects on the physical systems due to energy removal and flow changes from the operation of marine energy devices. These analyses synthesize the current state of scientific understanding, informed by field monitoring, laboratory studies, and modeling efforts, and identify key data gaps that limit the information regulators and researchers can apply to future device deployments. [Copyright Elsevier Ltd.] JF - Ocean & Coastal Management AU - Copping, Andrea AU - Battey, Hoyt AU - Brown-Saracino, Jocelyn AU - Massaua, Meghan AU - Smith, Courtney AD - Marine Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Sequim, WA 98382, USA Y1 - 2014/10// PY - 2014 DA - October 2014 SP - 3 EP - 13 PB - Elsevier Ltd, Amsterdam The Netherlands VL - 99 SN - 0964-5691, 0964-5691 KW - Environment KW - Measurement KW - Animals KW - Ocean KW - Marine mammals KW - Laboratories KW - Location KW - Energy sector KW - Water KW - article UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1748860897?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apais&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ocean+%26+Coastal+Management&rft.atitle=An+international+assessment+of+the+environmental+effects+of+marine+energy+development&rft.au=Copping%2C+Andrea%3BBattey%2C+Hoyt%3BBrown-Saracino%2C+Jocelyn%3BMassaua%2C+Meghan%3BSmith%2C+Courtney&rft.aulast=Copping&rft.aufirst=Andrea&rft.date=2014-10-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ocean+%26+Coastal+Management&rft.issn=09645691&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ocecoaman.2014.04.002 LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Environment; Animals; Water; Laboratories; Measurement; Marine mammals; Location; Ocean; Energy sector DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2014.04.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A statistical analysis of the effects of urease pre-treatment on the measurement of the urinary metabolome by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry AN - 1709188991; 20647192 AB - Urease pre-treatment of urine has been utilized since the early 1960s to remove high levels of urea from samples prior to further processing and analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Aside from the obvious depletion or elimination of urea, the effect, if any, of urease pre-treatment on the urinary metabolome has not been studied in detail. Here, we report the results of three separate but related experiments that were designed to assess possible indirect effects of urease pre-treatment on the urinary metabolome as measured by GC-MS. In total, 235 GC-MS analyses were performed and over 106 identified and 200 unidentified metabolites were quantified across the three experiments. The results showed that data from urease pre-treated samples (1) had the same or lower coefficients of variance among reproducibly detected metabolites, (2) more accurately reflected quantitative differences and the expected ratios among different urine volumes, and (3) increased the number of metabolite identifications. Overall, we observed no negative consequences of urease pre-treatment. In contrast, urease pre-treatment enhanced the ability to distinguish between volume-based and biological sample types compared to no treatment. Taken together, these results show that urease pre-treatment of urine offers multiple beneficial effects that outweigh any artifacts that may be introduced to the data in urinary metabolomics analyses. JF - Metabolomics AU - Webb-Robertson, Bobbie-Jo AU - Kim, Young-Mo AU - Zink, Erika M AU - Hallaian, Katherine A AU - Zhang, Qibin AU - Madupu, Ramana AU - Waters, Katrina M AU - Metz, Thomas O AD - Fundamental and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MSIN K8-98, Richland, WA, USA, thomas.metz@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2014/10// PY - 2014 DA - Oct 2014 SP - 897 EP - 908 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 10 IS - 5 SN - 1573-3882, 1573-3882 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Data processing KW - Urine KW - Gas chromatography KW - Statistical analysis KW - Urease KW - Metabolites KW - Urea KW - Mass spectroscopy KW - metabolomics KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1709188991?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Metabolomics&rft.atitle=A+statistical+analysis+of+the+effects+of+urease+pre-treatment+on+the+measurement+of+the+urinary+metabolome+by+gas+chromatography-mass+spectrometry&rft.au=Webb-Robertson%2C+Bobbie-Jo%3BKim%2C+Young-Mo%3BZink%2C+Erika+M%3BHallaian%2C+Katherine+A%3BZhang%2C+Qibin%3BMadupu%2C+Ramana%3BWaters%2C+Katrina+M%3BMetz%2C+Thomas+O&rft.aulast=Webb-Robertson&rft.aufirst=Bobbie-Jo&rft.date=2014-10-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=897&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Metabolomics&rft.issn=15733882&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11306-014-0642-1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 36 N1 - Last updated - 2015-09-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Data processing; Gas chromatography; Urine; Statistical analysis; Urease; Urea; Metabolites; metabolomics; Mass spectroscopy DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11306-014-0642-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A scientific data processing framework for time series NetCDF data AN - 1642302732; 20958211 AB - The Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Data Integrator (ADI) is a framework designed to streamline the development of scientific algorithms that analyze, and models that use time-series NetCDF data. ADI automates the process of retrieving and preparing data for analysis, provides a modular, flexible framework that simplifies software development, and supports a data integration workflow. Algorithm and model input data, preprocessing, and output data specifications are defined through a graphical interface. ADI includes a library of software modules to support the workflow, and a source code generator that produces C, IDL registered , and Python(TM) templates to jump start development. While developed for processing climate data, ADI can be applied to any time-series data. This paper discusses the ADI framework, and how ADI's capabilities can decrease the time and cost of implementing scientific algorithms allowing modelers and scientists to focus their efforts on their research rather than preparing and packaging data. JF - Environmental Modelling & Software AU - Gaustad, Krista AU - Shippert, Tim AU - Ermold, Brian AU - Beus, Sherman AU - Daily, Jeff AU - Borsholm, Atle AU - Fox, Kevin AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, P.O. Box 999 MSIN K7-28, Richland, WA 99352, United States Y1 - 2014/10// PY - 2014 DA - October 2014 SP - 241 EP - 249 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX United Kingdom VL - 60 SN - 1364-8152, 1364-8152 KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Computer and Information Systems Abstracts (CI); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Atmospheric science KW - Time-series KW - NetCDF KW - Scientific data analysis KW - Observation data KW - Scientific workflow KW - Data management KW - Modular KW - Software KW - Computer programs KW - Workflow KW - Source code KW - Nodular iron KW - Algorithms KW - Automation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1642302732?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Modelling+%26+Software&rft.atitle=A+scientific+data+processing+framework+for+time+series+NetCDF+data&rft.au=Gaustad%2C+Krista%3BShippert%2C+Tim%3BErmold%2C+Brian%3BBeus%2C+Sherman%3BDaily%2C+Jeff%3BBorsholm%2C+Atle%3BFox%2C+Kevin&rft.aulast=Gaustad&rft.aufirst=Krista&rft.date=2014-10-01&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=&rft.spage=241&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Modelling+%26+Software&rft.issn=13648152&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.envsoft.2014.06.005 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-05 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2014.06.005 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - New generation NMR bioreactor coupled with high-resolution NMR spectroscopy leads to novel discoveries in Moorella thermoacetica metabolic profiles AN - 1618156945; 20849538 AB - An in situ nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) bioreactor was developed and employed to monitor microbial metabolism under batch growth conditions in real time. We selected Moorella thermoacetica ATCC 49707 as a test case. M. thermoacetica (formerly Clostridium thermoaceticum) is a strictly anaerobic, thermophilic, acetogenic, gram-positive bacterium with potential for industrial production of chemicals. The metabolic profiles of M. thermoacetica were characterized during growth in batch mode on xylose (a component of lignocellulosic biomass) using the new generation NMR bioreactor in combination with high-resolution NMR (HR-NMR) spectroscopy. In situ NMR measurements were performed using water-suppressed H-1 NMR spectroscopy at 500 MHz, and aliquots of the bioreactor contents were taken for 600-MHz HR-NMR spectroscopy at specific intervals to confirm metabolite identifications and expand metabolite coverage. M. thermoacetica demonstrated the metabolic potential to produce formate, ethanol, and methanol from xylose, in addition to its known capability of producing acetic acid. Real-time monitoring of bioreactor conditions showed a temporary pH decrease, with a concomitant increase in formic acid during exponential growth. Fermentation experiments performed outside of the magnet showed that the strong magnetic field employed for NMR detection did not significantly affect cell metabolism. Use of the in situ NMR bioreactor facilitated monitoring of the fermentation process, enabling identification of intermediate and endpoint metabolites and their correlation with pH and biomass produced during culture growth. Real-time monitoring of culture metabolism using the NMR bioreactor in combination with HR-NMR spectroscopy will allow optimization of the metabolism of microorganisms producing valuable bioproducts. JF - Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology AU - Xue, Junfeng AU - Isern, Nancy G AU - Ewing, RJames AU - Liyu, Andrei V AU - Sears, Jesse A AU - Knapp, Harlan AU - Iversen, Jens AU - Sisk, Daniel R AU - Ahring, Birgitte K AU - Majors, Paul D AD - Bioproducts, Sciences and Engineering Laboratory, Washington State University Tri-Cities, 2710 Crimson Way, Richland, WA, 99354-1671, USA, nancy.isern@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2014/10// PY - 2014 DA - October 2014 SP - 8367 EP - 8375 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 98 IS - 19 SN - 0175-7598, 0175-7598 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Xylose KW - Growth conditions KW - Fermentation KW - Methanol KW - Cell culture KW - Metabolites KW - Spectroscopy KW - Microbiological Studies KW - Growth KW - Magnetic resonance spectroscopy KW - Bioreactors KW - Moorella thermoacetica KW - N.M.R. KW - pH effects KW - Ethanol KW - Clostridium thermoaceticum KW - Biomass KW - Acetic acid KW - Magnetic fields KW - Formic acid KW - Magnets KW - Microbiology KW - Cultures KW - Microorganisms KW - Monitoring KW - Biotechnology KW - Metabolism KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - W 30910:Imaging KW - SW 0810:General KW - J 02320:Cell Biology KW - Q2 09269:Geomagnetism KW - A 01300:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1618156945?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Microbiology+and+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=New+generation+NMR+bioreactor+coupled+with+high-resolution+NMR+spectroscopy+leads+to+novel+discoveries+in+Moorella+thermoacetica+metabolic+profiles&rft.au=Xue%2C+Junfeng%3BIsern%2C+Nancy+G%3BEwing%2C+RJames%3BLiyu%2C+Andrei+V%3BSears%2C+Jesse+A%3BKnapp%2C+Harlan%3BIversen%2C+Jens%3BSisk%2C+Daniel+R%3BAhring%2C+Birgitte+K%3BMajors%2C+Paul+D&rft.aulast=Xue&rft.aufirst=Junfeng&rft.date=2014-10-01&rft.volume=98&rft.issue=19&rft.spage=8367&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Microbiology+and+Biotechnology&rft.issn=01757598&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00253-014-5847-8 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Magnetic fields; Growth; Xylose; Magnets; Fermentation; Bioreactors; Microbiology; Metabolism; Biotechnology; Growth conditions; Methanol; Metabolites; Cell culture; Spectroscopy; Biomass; Acetic acid; Formic acid; Magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Microorganisms; N.M.R.; pH effects; Ethanol; Cultures; Monitoring; Microbiological Studies; Clostridium thermoaceticum; Moorella thermoacetica DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00253-014-5847-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simultaneous retrieval of effective refractive index and density from size distribution and light-scattering data: weakly absorbing aerosol AN - 1618154618; 20846463 AB - We propose here a novel approach for retrieving in parallel the effective density and real refractive index of weakly absorbing aerosol from optical and size distribution measurements. Here we define "weakly absorbing" as aerosol single-scattering albedos that exceed 0.95 at 0.5 mu m. The required optical measurements are the scattering coefficient and the hemispheric backscatter fraction, obtained in this work from an integrating nephelometer. The required size spectra come from mobility and aerodynamic particle size spectrometers commonly referred to as a scanning mobility particle sizer and an aerodynamic particle sizer. The performance of this approach is first evaluated using a sensitivity study with synthetically generated but measurement-related inputs. The sensitivity study reveals that the proposed approach is robust to random noise; additionally the uncertainties of the retrieval are almost linearly proportional to the measurement errors, and these uncertainties are smaller for the real refractive index than for the effective density. Next, actual measurements are used to evaluate our approach. These measurements include the optical, microphysical, and chemical properties of weakly absorbing aerosol which are representative of a variety of coastal summertime conditions observed during the Two-Column Aerosol Project (TCAP; http://campaign.arm.gov/tcap/). The evaluation includes calculating the root mean square error (RMSE) between the aerosol characteristics retrieved by our approach, and the same quantities calculated using the conventional volume mixing rule for chemical constituents. For dry conditions (defined in this work as relative humidity less than 55%) and sub-micron particles, a very good (RMSE ~ 3%) and reasonable (RMSE ~ 28%) agreement is obtained for the retrieved real refractive index (1.49 plus or minus 0.02) and effective density (1.68 plus or minus 0.21), respectively. Our approach permits discrimination between the retrieved aerosol characteristics of sub-micron and sub-10-micron particles. The evaluation results also reveal that the retrieved density and refractive index tend to decrease with an increase of the relative humidity. JF - Atmospheric measurement techniques AU - Kassianov, E AU - Barnard, J AU - Pekour, M AU - Berg, L K AU - Shilling, J AU - Flynn, C AU - Mei, F AU - Jefferson, A AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA Y1 - 2014/10/01/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Oct 01 SP - 3247 EP - 3261 PB - Copernicus KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Relative humidity KW - Mixing KW - Relative Humidity KW - Evaluation KW - Aerodynamics KW - Permits KW - Refractive index KW - Particle size KW - Aerosols KW - Backscatter KW - Density KW - Albedo KW - Errors KW - Performance Evaluation KW - Size distribution KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0540:Properties of water UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1618154618?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+measurement+techniques&rft.atitle=Simultaneous+retrieval+of+effective+refractive+index+and+density+from+size+distribution+and+light-scattering+data%3A+weakly+absorbing+aerosol&rft.au=Kassianov%2C+E%3BBarnard%2C+J%3BPekour%2C+M%3BBerg%2C+L+K%3BShilling%2C+J%3BFlynn%2C+C%3BMei%2C+F%3BJefferson%2C+A&rft.aulast=Kassianov&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2014-10-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=3247&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+measurement+techniques&rft.issn=1867-1381&rft_id=info:doi/10.5194%2Famt-7-3247-2014 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Particle size; Relative humidity; Aerosols; Backscatter; Albedo; Aerodynamics; Refractive index; Size distribution; Evaluation; Performance Evaluation; Density; Permits; Errors; Mixing; Relative Humidity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-7-3247-2014 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Competing retention pathways of uranium upon reaction with Fe(II) AN - 1618132698; 2014-086865 AB - Biogeochemical retention processes, including adsorption, reductive precipitation, and incorporation into host minerals, are important in contaminant transport, remediation, and geologic deposition of uranium. Recent work has shown that U can become incorporated into iron (hydr)oxide minerals, with a key pathway arising from Fe(II)-induced transformation of ferrihydrite, (Fe(OH) (sub 3) .nH (sub 2) O) to goethite (alpha -FeO(OH)); this is a possible U retention mechanism in soils and sediments. Several key questions, however, remain unanswered regarding U incorporation into iron (hydr)oxides and this pathway's contribution to U retention, including: (i) the competitiveness of U incorporation versus reduction to U(IV) and subsequent precipitation of UO (sub 2) ; (ii) the oxidation state of incorporated U; (iii) the effects of uranyl aqueous speciation on U incorporation; and, (iv) the mechanism of U incorporation. Here we use a series of batch reactions conducted at pH approximately 7, [U(VI)] from 1 to 170 mu M, [Fe(II)] from 0 to 3 mM, and [Ca] at 0 or 4 mM coupled with spectroscopic examination of reaction products of Fe(II)-induced ferrihydrite transformation to address these outstanding questions. Uranium retention pathways were identified and quantified using extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Analysis of EXAFS spectra showed that 14-89% of total U was incorporated into goethite, upon reaction with Fe(II) and ferrihydrite. Uranium incorporation was a particularly dominant retention pathway at U concentrations < or =50 mu M when either uranyl-carbonato or calcium-uranyl-carbonato complexes were dominant, accounting for 64-89% of total U. With increasing U(VI) and Fe(II) concentrations, U(VI) reduction to U(IV) became more prevalent, but U incorporation remained a functioning retention pathway. These findings highlight the potential importance of U(V) incorporation within iron oxides as a retention process of U across a wide range of biogeochemical environments and the sensitivity of uranium retention processes to operative (bio)geochemical conditions. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Massey, Michael S AU - Lezama Pacheco, Juan S AU - Jones, Morris E AU - Ilton, Eugene S AU - Cerrato, Jose M AU - Bargar, John R AU - Fendorf, Scott Y1 - 2014/10/01/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Oct 01 SP - 166 EP - 185 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 142 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - goethite KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - mass spectra KW - power plants KW - environmental analysis KW - iron KW - remediation KW - synchrotron radiation KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - retention KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - X-ray photoelectron spectra KW - water pollution KW - Washington KW - acid mine drainage KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - ferrihydrite KW - TEM data KW - ICP mass spectra KW - uranium ores KW - organic compounds KW - biogenic processes KW - soil pollution KW - metals KW - metal ores KW - EXAFS data KW - uranium KW - mobilization KW - military facilities KW - actinides KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1618132698?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Competing+retention+pathways+of+uranium+upon+reaction+with+Fe%28II%29&rft.au=Massey%2C+Michael+S%3BLezama+Pacheco%2C+Juan+S%3BJones%2C+Morris+E%3BIlton%2C+Eugene+S%3BCerrato%2C+Jose+M%3BBargar%2C+John+R%3BFendorf%2C+Scott&rft.aulast=Massey&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2014-10-01&rft.volume=142&rft.issue=&rft.spage=166&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2014.07.016 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 97 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-30 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid mine drainage; actinides; biogenic processes; chemical reactions; environmental analysis; EXAFS data; ferrihydrite; goethite; Hanford Site; ICP mass spectra; iron; mass spectra; metal ores; metals; military facilities; mobilization; organic compounds; oxides; pollutants; pollution; power plants; remediation; retention; soil pollution; solute transport; spectra; synchrotron radiation; TEM data; transport; United States; uranium; uranium ores; Washington; water pollution; X-ray diffraction data; X-ray photoelectron spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2014.07.016 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modelling the Effects of River Flow on Population Dynamics Of Piping Plovers (Charadrius melodus) and Least Terns (Sternula antillarum) Nesting Missouri River AN - 1611614322; 20814212 AB - Reservoir management on the Missouri River has changed the flow regime that once created dynamic emergent sandbar habitat (ESH) for the interior least tern (Sternula antillarum) and piping plover (Charadrius melodus). High flows that create large amounts of ESH are now rare, but the remaining interannual variability in river stage has strong effects on the amount of ESH available for nesting shorebirds. The scarcity of habitat has led the United States Army Corps of Engineers to develop an adaptive management plan for the restoration of ESH to support nesting terns and plovers. We describe the stochastic simulation models of ESH, plover populations and tern populations used in the adaptive management process, and examine the effects of river flow on projected outcomes of habitat restoration. The population models are most sensitive to uncertainty in adult survival rates. Model validation against historical amounts of ESH and population sizes suggests the model is a reasonable predictor of future dynamics. Flow variability contributes as much uncertainty as parameter estimation error to plover model projections but negligible uncertainty to the tern model. Autocorrelation in flow between years has stronger effects on population outcomes than the intensity of habitat restoration effort does. We compared population outcomes after a habitat-creating flow with population outcomes following habitat restoration and found that large pulses of habitat creation produced similar or better outcomes in the short term than low but consistent habitat restoration. However, bird populations fared better in the long term with low levels of restoration when habitat-forming flows were rare. JF - River Research and Applications AU - Buenau, KE AU - Hiller, T L AU - Tyre, A J AD - Marine Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Sequim, Washington, USA. Y1 - 2014/10// PY - 2014 DA - Oct 2014 SP - 964 EP - 975 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 30 IS - 8 SN - 1535-1459, 1535-1459 KW - Environment Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Historical account KW - Reservoir KW - Charadrius melodus KW - Freshwater KW - Population dynamics KW - Nesting KW - Scarcity KW - River Flow KW - Reservoirs KW - Rivers KW - USA, Missouri R. KW - River discharge KW - Habitat KW - Stochasticity KW - Model Studies KW - Aves KW - Stochastic models KW - Aquatic Habitats KW - Habitat improvement KW - Environment management KW - Aquatic birds KW - Variability KW - Survival KW - Models KW - Habitats KW - Reproductive behaviour KW - River basin management KW - Data processing KW - Simulation KW - Adaptive management KW - Reservoir Management KW - Population number KW - ENA 13:Population Planning & Control KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - Q1 08463:Habitat community studies KW - SW 6010:Structures KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1611614322?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=River+Research+and+Applications&rft.atitle=Modelling+the+Effects+of+River+Flow+on+Population+Dynamics+Of+Piping+Plovers+%28Charadrius+melodus%29+and+Least+Terns+%28Sternula+antillarum%29+Nesting+Missouri+River&rft.au=Buenau%2C+KE%3BHiller%2C+T+L%3BTyre%2C+A+J&rft.aulast=Buenau&rft.aufirst=KE&rft.date=2014-10-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=964&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=River+Research+and+Applications&rft.issn=15351459&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Frra.2694 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-26 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Reservoir; Habitat improvement; Nesting; River discharge; Reproductive behaviour; Population dynamics; Environment management; River basin management; Data processing; Survival; Habitat; Stochasticity; Models; Aves; Historical account; Stochastic models; Scarcity; Simulation; Adaptive management; Reservoirs; Aquatic birds; Population number; Reservoir Management; Variability; Habitats; Aquatic Habitats; River Flow; Model Studies; Charadrius melodus; USA, Missouri R.; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rra.2694 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Redox Flow Battery Development for Stationary Energy Storage Applications at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory T2 - 53rd Annual Conference of Metallurgists (COM2014) AN - 1548628377; 6290973 JF - 53rd Annual Conference of Metallurgists (COM2014) AU - Sprenkle, Vincent Y1 - 2014/09/28/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Sep 28 KW - Storage KW - Redox reactions KW - Batteries KW - Energy KW - USA, Pacific Northwest KW - Energy storage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1548628377?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=53rd+Annual+Conference+of+Metallurgists+%28COM2014%29&rft.atitle=Redox+Flow+Battery+Development+for+Stationary+Energy+Storage+Applications+at+Pacific+Northwest+National+Laboratory&rft.au=Sprenkle%2C+Vincent&rft.aulast=Sprenkle&rft.aufirst=Vincent&rft.date=2014-09-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=53rd+Annual+Conference+of+Metallurgists+%28COM2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://web.cim.org/COM2014/technical_paper_list.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-06-30 N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-28 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mobilization of metals from Eau Claire Siltstone and the impact of oxygen under geological carbon dioxide sequestration conditions AN - 1623264939; 2014-089241 AB - To investigate the impact of O (sub 2) as an impurity co-injected with CO (sub 2) on geochemical interactions, especially trace metal mobilization from a geological CO (sub 2) sequestration (GCS) reservoir rock, batch studies were conducted with Eau Claire siltstone collected from CO (sub 2) sequestration sites. The rock was reacted with synthetic brines in contact with either 100% CO (sub 2) or a mixture of 95 mol% CO (sub 2) -5 mol% O (sub 2) at 10.1 MPa and 75 degrees C. Both microscopic and spectroscopic measurements, including (super 57) Fe-Mossbauer spectroscopy, Laser Ablation-Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry, powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and chemical extraction were combined in this study to investigate reaction mechanisms. The Eau Claire siltstone contains quartz (52 wt%), fluorapatite (40%), and aluminosilicate (5%) as major components, and dolomite (2%), pyrite (1%), and small-particle-/poorly-crystalline Fe-oxides as minor components. With the introduction of CO (sub 2) into the reaction vessel containing rock and brine, the leaching of small amounts of fluorapatite, aluminosilicate, and dolomite occurred. Trace metals of environmental concern, including Pb, As, Cd, and Cu were detected in the leachate with concentrations up to 400 ppb in the CO (sub 2) -brine-rock reaction system within 30 days. In the presence of O (sub 2) , the oxidation of Fe(II) and the consequent changes in the reaction system, including a reduction in pH, significantly enhanced the mobilization of Pb, Cd, and Cu, whereas As concentrations decreased, compared with the reaction system without O (sub 2) . The presence of O (sub 2) resulted in the formation of secondary Fe-oxides which appear to be Fe(II)-substituted P-containing ferrihydrite. Although the rock contained only 1.04 wt% total Fe, oxidative dissolution of pyrite, leaching and oxidation of structural Fe(II) in fluorapatite, and precipitation of Fe-oxides significantly decreased the pH in brine with O (sub 2) (pH 3.3-3.7), compared with the reaction system without O (sub 2) (pH 4.2-4.4). In the CO (sub 2) -rock-brine system without O (sub 2) , the majority of As remained in the rock, with about 1.1% of the total As being released from intrinsic Fe-oxides to the aqueous phase. The release behavior of As to solution was consistent with competitive adsorption between phosphate/fluoride and As on Fe-oxide surfaces. In the presence of O (sub 2) the mobility of As was reduced due to enhanced adsorption onto both intrinsic and secondary Fe-oxide surfaces. When O (sub 2) was present, the dominant species in solution was the less toxic As(V). This work will advance our understanding of the geochemical reaction mechanisms that occur under GCS conditions and help to evaluate the risks associated with geological CO (sub 2) sequestration. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Shao, Hongbo AU - Kukkadapu, Ravi K AU - Krogstad, Eirik J AU - Newburn, Matt K AU - Cantrell, Kirk J Y1 - 2014/09/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Sep 15 SP - 62 EP - 82 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 141 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - oxygen KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - mass spectra KW - gas storage KW - Cambrian KW - reservoir rocks KW - carbon dioxide KW - Upper Cambrian KW - sedimentary rocks KW - siltstone KW - Eau Claire Formation KW - spectra KW - pH KW - P-T conditions KW - Mossbauer spectra KW - toxic materials KW - experimental studies KW - carbon sequestration KW - pollutants KW - Paleozoic KW - arsenic KW - pollution KW - ICP mass spectra KW - gas injection KW - metals KW - brines KW - reservoir properties KW - mobilization KW - clastic rocks KW - SEM data KW - permeability KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1623264939?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Mobilization+of+metals+from+Eau+Claire+Siltstone+and+the+impact+of+oxygen+under+geological+carbon+dioxide+sequestration+conditions&rft.au=Shao%2C+Hongbo%3BKukkadapu%2C+Ravi+K%3BKrogstad%2C+Eirik+J%3BNewburn%2C+Matt+K%3BCantrell%2C+Kirk+J&rft.aulast=Shao&rft.aufirst=Hongbo&rft.date=2014-09-15&rft.volume=141&rft.issue=&rft.spage=62&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2014.06.011 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 100 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arsenic; brines; Cambrian; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; clastic rocks; Eau Claire Formation; experimental studies; gas injection; gas storage; ICP mass spectra; mass spectra; metals; mobilization; Mossbauer spectra; oxygen; P-T conditions; Paleozoic; permeability; pH; pollutants; pollution; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; sedimentary rocks; SEM data; siltstone; spectra; toxic materials; Upper Cambrian; X-ray diffraction data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2014.06.011 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - EU 20-20-20 energy policy as a model for global climate mitigation AN - 1635017667; 21006577 AB - The EU has established an aggressive portfolio with explicit near-term targets for 2020 - to reduce GHG emissions by 20%, rising to 30% if the conditions are right, to increase the share of renewable energy to 20%, and to make a 20% improvement in energy efficiency - intended to be the first step in a long-term strategy to limit climate forcing. The effectiveness and cost of extending these measures in time are considered along with the ambition and propagation to the rest of the world. Numerical results are reported and analysed for the contribution of the portfolio's various elements through a set of sensitivity experiments. It is found that the hypothetical programme leads to very substantial reductions in GHG emissions, dramatic increases in use of electricity, and substantial changes in land-use including reduced deforestation, but at the expense of higher food prices. The GHG emissions reductions are driven primarily by the direct limits. Although the carbon price is lower under the hypothetical protocol than it would be under the emissions cap alone, the economic cost of the portfolio is higher, between 13% and 22%. JF - Climate Policy AU - Calvin, Katherine AU - Edmonds, Jae AU - Bakken, Bjorn AU - Wise, Marshall AU - Kim, Sonny AU - Luckow, Patrick AU - Patel, Pralit AU - Graabak, Ingeborg AD - Joint Global Change Research Institute, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 5825 University Research Court, Suite 3500, College Park, Maryland 20740, USA Y1 - 2014/09/03/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Sep 03 SP - 581 EP - 598 PB - Taylor & Francis Group Ltd., 2 Park Square Oxford OX14 4RN United Kingdom VL - 14 IS - 5 SN - 1469-3062, 1469-3062 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Sensitivity KW - Energy efficiency KW - Climate models KW - Climate change KW - Public policy and climate KW - Environmental policy KW - Land use KW - Global climate KW - Energy policy KW - Renewable energy KW - Portfolios KW - Economics KW - Emissions KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Deforestation KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - M2 551.58:Climatology (551.58) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1635017667?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climate+Policy&rft.atitle=EU+20-20-20+energy+policy+as+a+model+for+global+climate+mitigation&rft.au=Calvin%2C+Katherine%3BEdmonds%2C+Jae%3BBakken%2C+Bjorn%3BWise%2C+Marshall%3BKim%2C+Sonny%3BLuckow%2C+Patrick%3BPatel%2C+Pralit%3BGraabak%2C+Ingeborg&rft.aulast=Calvin&rft.aufirst=Katherine&rft.date=2014-09-03&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=581&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climate+Policy&rft.issn=14693062&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F14693062.2013.879794 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Global climate; Climate models; Public policy and climate; Greenhouse gases; Land use; Deforestation; Energy efficiency; Sensitivity; Energy policy; Renewable energy; Climate change; Economics; Portfolios; Emissions; Environmental policy DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14693062.2013.879794 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of alkaline co-contaminants on technetium mobility in vadose zone sediments AN - 1777469103; 2016-027172 AB - Pertechnetate was slowly reduced in a natural, untreated arid sediment under anaerobic conditions (0.02 nmol g (super -1) h (super -1) ), which could occur in low permeability zones in the field, most of which was quickly oxidized. A small portion of the surface Tc may be incorporated into slowly dissolving surface phases, so was not readily oxidized/remobilized into pore water. In contrast, pertechnetate reduction in an anaerobic sediment containing adsorbed ferrous iron as the reductant was rapid (15-600 nmol g (super -1) h (super -1) ), and nearly all (96-98%) was rapidly oxidized/remobilized (2.6-6.8 nmol g (super -1) h (super -1) ) within hours. Tc reduction in an anaerobic sediment containing 0.5-10 mM sulfide showed a relatively slow reduction rate (0.01-0.03 nmol g (super -1) h (super -1) ) that was similar to observations in the natural sediment. Pertechnetate infiltration into sediment with a highly alkaline water resulted in rapid reduction (0.07-0.2 nmol g (super -1) h (super -1) ) from ferrous iron released during biotite or magnetite dissolution. Oxidation of NaOH-treated sediments resulted in slow Tc oxidation ( approximately 0.05 nmol g (super -1) h (super -1) ) of a small fraction of the surface Tc (13-23%). The Tc remaining on the surface was Tc (super IV) (by XANES), and autoradiography and elemental maps of Tc (by electron microprobe) showed Tc was present associated with specific minerals, rather than being evenly distributed on the surface. Dissolution of quartz, montmorillonite, muscovite, and kaolinite also occurred in the alkaline water, resulting in significant aqueous silica and aluminum. Over time, aluminosilicates, cancrinite, zeolite and sodalite were precipitating. These precipitates may be coating surface Tc(IV) phases, limiting reoxidation. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Journal of Environmental Radioactivity AU - Szecsody, Jim E AU - Jansik, Danielle P AU - McKinley, James P AU - Hess, Nancy J Y1 - 2014/09// PY - 2014 DA - September 2014 SP - 147 EP - 160 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 135 SN - 0265-931X, 0265-931X KW - United States KW - silicates KW - unsaturated zone KW - power plants KW - technetate KW - ground water KW - electron probe data KW - XANES spectra KW - chemical reactions KW - sediments KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - reduction KW - mineral assemblages KW - water pollution KW - technetium KW - experimental studies KW - Washington KW - pollutants KW - oxidation KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - electron microscopy data KW - solubility KW - pertechnetate KW - X-ray spectra KW - clay minerals KW - alkalic composition KW - nuclear energy KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - sheet silicates KW - mobilization KW - crystal chemistry KW - SEM data KW - permeability KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1777469103?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Radioactivity&rft.atitle=Influence+of+alkaline+co-contaminants+on+technetium+mobility+in+vadose+zone+sediments&rft.au=Szecsody%2C+Jim+E%3BJansik%2C+Danielle+P%3BMcKinley%2C+James+P%3BHess%2C+Nancy+J&rft.aulast=Szecsody&rft.aufirst=Jim&rft.date=2014-09-01&rft.volume=135&rft.issue=&rft.spage=147&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Radioactivity&rft.issn=0265931X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jenvrad.2014.02.003 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/0265931X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 89 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkalic composition; chemical reactions; clay minerals; crystal chemistry; electron microscopy data; electron probe data; experimental studies; ground water; Hanford Site; metals; mineral assemblages; mobilization; nuclear energy; oxidation; oxides; permeability; pertechnetate; pollutants; pollution; power plants; precipitation; reduction; sediments; SEM data; sheet silicates; silicates; solubility; spectra; technetate; technetium; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington; water pollution; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2014.02.003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating the Silurian (Niagaran) reefs in the Michigan Basin for carbon sequestration AN - 1692745934; 2015-063759 JF - Abstracts - AAPG, Eastern Section Meeting AU - Rine, Matthew AU - Barnes, Dave AU - Harrison, William B AU - Sullivan, Charlotte AU - Cheadle, Burns AU - Kuri, Frank Y1 - 2014/09// PY - 2014 DA - September 2014 PB - American Association of Petroleum Geologists. Eastern Section, [varies] VL - 43 KW - site exploration KW - reefs KW - petroleum KW - Michigan Basin KW - oil and gas fields KW - reservoir rocks KW - carbon dioxide KW - spatial distribution KW - controls KW - compartmentalization KW - pinnacle reefs KW - North America KW - carbon sequestration KW - reef environment KW - Niagaran KW - three-dimensional models KW - Paleozoic KW - enhanced recovery KW - porosity KW - Silurian KW - physical properties KW - secondary recovery KW - reservoir properties KW - facies KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692745934?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+-+AAPG%2C+Eastern+Section+Meeting&rft.atitle=Evaluating+the+Silurian+%28Niagaran%29+reefs+in+the+Michigan+Basin+for+carbon+sequestration&rft.au=Rine%2C+Matthew%3BBarnes%2C+Dave%3BHarrison%2C+William+B%3BSullivan%2C+Charlotte%3BCheadle%2C+Burns%3BKuri%2C+Frank&rft.aulast=Rine&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=2014-09-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+-+AAPG%2C+Eastern+Section+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.searchanddiscovery.com/abstracts/html/2014/90195eastern/abstracts/41.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - AAPG Eastern Section 43rd annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-17 N1 - CODEN - #06714 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; compartmentalization; controls; enhanced recovery; facies; Michigan Basin; Niagaran; North America; oil and gas fields; Paleozoic; petroleum; physical properties; pinnacle reefs; porosity; reef environment; reefs; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; secondary recovery; Silurian; site exploration; spatial distribution; three-dimensional models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Iron oxide nanoparticle agglomeration influences dose rates and modulates oxidative stress-mediated dose-response profiles in vitro AN - 1639474004; 21120938 AB - Spontaneous agglomeration of engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) is a common problem in cell culture media which can confound interpretation of in vitro nanotoxicity studies. The authors created stable agglomerates of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) in conventional culture medium, which varied in hydrodynamic size (276 nm-1.5 mu m) but were composed of identical primary particles with similar surface potentials and protein coatings. Studies using C10 lung epithelial cells show that the dose rate effects of agglomeration can be substantial, varying by over an order of magnitude difference in cellular dose in some cases. The results suggest that reactive moieties on the agglomerate surface are more efficient in catalysing cellular ROS production than molecules buried within the agglomerate core. The combined experimental and computational approach provides a quantitative framework for evaluating relationships between the biocompatibility of nanoparticles and their physical and chemical characteristics. JF - Nanotoxicology AU - Sharma, Gaurav AU - Kodali, Vamsi AU - Gaffrey, Matthew AU - Wang, Wei AU - Minard, Kevin R AU - Karin, Norman J AU - Teeguarden, Justin G AU - Thrall, Brian D AD - Battelle Memorial Institute, Columbus, OH, USA; Biological Sciences Division, Center for Nanotoxicology, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA; Battelle Center for Fundamental and Applied Systems Toxicology, Richland, WA, USA, brian.thrall@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2014/09// PY - 2014 DA - Sep 2014 SP - 663 EP - 675 PB - Informa Healthcare, 52 Vanderbilt Ave. New York New York 10017 USA VL - 8 IS - 6 SN - 1743-5390, 1743-5390 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - nanotoxicology KW - agglomeration KW - iron oxide nanoparticles KW - oxidative stress KW - gene expression KW - dosimetry modelling KW - Epithelial cells KW - Biocompatibility KW - iron oxides KW - Hydrodynamics KW - Lung KW - Cell culture KW - Computer applications KW - nanoparticles KW - Media (culture) KW - Agglomeration KW - Coatings KW - X 24360:Metals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1639474004?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nanotoxicology&rft.atitle=Iron+oxide+nanoparticle+agglomeration+influences+dose+rates+and+modulates+oxidative+stress-mediated+dose-response+profiles+in+vitro&rft.au=Sharma%2C+Gaurav%3BKodali%2C+Vamsi%3BGaffrey%2C+Matthew%3BWang%2C+Wei%3BMinard%2C+Kevin+R%3BKarin%2C+Norman+J%3BTeeguarden%2C+Justin+G%3BThrall%2C+Brian+D&rft.aulast=Sharma&rft.aufirst=Gaurav&rft.date=2014-09-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=663&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nanotoxicology&rft.issn=17435390&rft_id=info:doi/10.3109%2F17435390.2013.822115 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-05-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Epithelial cells; Biocompatibility; Hydrodynamics; iron oxides; Lung; Cell culture; Computer applications; nanoparticles; Media (culture); Coatings; Agglomeration DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/17435390.2013.822115 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Aerosol effects on cirrus through ice nucleation in the Community Atmosphere Model CAM5 with a statistical cirrus scheme AN - 1622604689; 20891230 AB - A statistical cirrus scheme that tracks ice saturation ratio in the clear-sky and cloudy portion of a grid box separately has been implemented into the Community Atmosphere Model CAM5 to provide a consistent treatment of ice nucleation and cloud formation. Simulated ice supersaturation and ice crystal number concentrations strongly depend on the number concentrations of heterogeneous ice nuclei (IN), subgrid temperature formulas, and the number concentration of sulfate particles participating in homogeneous freezing, while simulated ice water content is insensitive to these perturbations. Allowing 1-10% of dust particles to serve as heterogeneous IN is found to produce ice supersaturation in better agreement with observations. Introducing a subgrid temperature perturbation based on long-term aircraft observations produces a better hemispheric contrast in ice supersaturation compared to observations. Heterogeneous IN from dust particles alter the net radiative fluxes at the top of atmosphere (TOA) (-0.24 to -1.59 W m super(-2)) with a significant clear-sky longwave component (0.01 to -0.55 W m super(-2)). Different cirrus treatments significantly perturb the net TOA anthropogenic aerosol forcing from -1.21 W m super(-2) to -1.54 W m super(-2), with a standard deviation of 0.10 W m super(-2). Aerosol effects on cirrus exert an even larger impact on the atmospheric component of the radiative fluxes (2 or 3 times the changes in the TOA radiative fluxes) and therefore through the fast atmosphere response on the hydrological cycle. This points to the urgent need to quantify aerosol effects on cirrus through ice nucleation and how these further affect the hydrological cycle. Key Points * A statistical cirrus scheme has been implemented into CAM5 * Heterogeneous IN significantly alter the net TOA radiative fluxes * Aerosol effects on cirrus have a large atmospheric component of radiative fluxes JF - Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems AU - Wang, Minghuai AU - Liu, Xiaohong AU - Zhang, Kai AU - Comstock, Jennifer M AD - Atmospheric Science and Global Change Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA. Y1 - 2014/09// PY - 2014 DA - September 2014 SP - 756 EP - 776 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD United Kingdom VL - 6 IS - 3 SN - 1942-2466, 1942-2466 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Cloud formation KW - Supersaturation KW - Statistical analysis KW - Dust particles KW - Atmosphere KW - Nucleation KW - Hydrologic Models KW - Ice Formation KW - Ice KW - Atmospheric particulates KW - Aerosols KW - Hydrologic analysis KW - Ice nuclei KW - Aircraft observations KW - Temperature KW - Environmental impact KW - Dusts KW - Hydrologic cycle KW - Ecosystem disturbance KW - Ice crystal nuclei KW - Sulfate particles KW - Clouds KW - Ice nucleation KW - Eolian dust KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - M2 556:General (556) KW - SW 0810:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1622604689?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Advances+in+Modeling+Earth+Systems&rft.atitle=Aerosol+effects+on+cirrus+through+ice+nucleation+in+the+Community+Atmosphere+Model+CAM5+with+a+statistical+cirrus+scheme&rft.au=Wang%2C+Minghuai%3BLiu%2C+Xiaohong%3BZhang%2C+Kai%3BComstock%2C+Jennifer+M&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Minghuai&rft.date=2014-09-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=756&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Advances+in+Modeling+Earth+Systems&rft.issn=19422466&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2014MS000339 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Clouds; Atmospheric particulates; Supersaturation; Aerosols; Ice nuclei; Environmental impact; Hydrologic cycle; Ecosystem disturbance; Eolian dust; Cloud formation; Sulfate particles; Hydrologic analysis; Aircraft observations; Statistical analysis; Dust particles; Ice nucleation; Ice crystal nuclei; Nucleation; Ice; Hydrologic Models; Temperature; Ice Formation; Dusts; Atmosphere DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014MS000339 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of iron phosphate ceramic waste form to immobilize radioactive waste solution AN - 1611619955; 20782414 AB - The objective of this research was to develop an iron phosphate ceramic (IPC) waste form using convener slag obtained as a by-product of the steel industry as a source of iron instead of conventional iron oxide. Both synthetic off-gas scrubber solution containing technetium-99 (or Re as a surrogate) and L1CI-KCI eutectic salt, a final waste solution from pyrochemical processing of spent nuclear fuel, were used as radioactive waste streams. This study confirms the possibility of development of the IPC waste form using converter slag, showing its immobilization capability for radionuclides in both LiCI-KCI eutectic salt and off-gas scrubber solutions with significant cost savings. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Choi, Jongkwon AU - Um, Wooyong AU - Choung, Sungwook AD - Division of Advanced Nuclear Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), San 31, Hyoja-Dong, Pohang, South Korea, wooyong.um@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2014/09// PY - 2014 DA - Sep 2014 SP - 16 EP - 23 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 452 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Iron phosphates KW - Byproducts KW - Radioactive wastes KW - Air pollution control KW - Metal industry KW - Ceramics KW - Salts KW - Slag KW - Scrubbers KW - Nuclear fuels KW - Radioactive materials KW - Pollution control equipment KW - Iron KW - Hazardous wastes KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1611619955?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Development+of+iron+phosphate+ceramic+waste+form+to+immobilize+radioactive+waste+solution&rft.au=Choi%2C+Jongkwon%3BUm%2C+Wooyong%3BChoung%2C+Sungwook&rft.aulast=Choi&rft.aufirst=Jongkwon&rft.date=2014-09-01&rft.volume=452&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=16&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2014.04.033 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Iron phosphates; Byproducts; Radioactive wastes; Air pollution control; Metal industry; Ceramics; Salts; Scrubbers; Slag; Radioactive materials; Nuclear fuels; Pollution control equipment; Iron; Hazardous wastes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.04.033 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Iodine solubility in a low-activity waste borosilicate glass at 1000 degree C AN - 1611618319; 20782437 AB - The purpose of this study was to determine the solubility of iodine in a low-activity waste borosilicate glass when heated inside an evacuated and sealed fused quartz ampoule. The iodine was added to glass frit as KI in quantities of 99.4-24,005 ppm iodine (by mass). Each mixture was added to an ampoule, heated at 1000 degree C for 2 h, and then air quenched. In samples with [> or =]11,999 ppm iodine, low viscosity salt phases were observed on the surface of the melts that solidified into a white coating upon cooling. These salts were identified by X-ray diffraction as mixtures of KI, Nal, and Na sub(2)SO sub(4). Iodine concentrations in glass specimens were analyzed with inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and the overall iodine solubility was determined to be 10,000 ppm. Several crystalline inclusions of iodine sodalite, Na sub(8)(AlSiO sub(4)) sub(6)I sub(2), were observed in the 24,005 ppm specimen. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Riley, Brian J AU - Schweiger, Michael J AU - Kim, Dong-Sang AU - Lukens, Wayne W, Jr AU - Williams, Benjamin D AU - Iovin, Cristian AU - Rodriguez, Carmen P AU - Overman, Nicole R AU - Bowden, Mark E AU - Dixon, Derek R AU - Crum, Jarrod V AU - McCloy, John S AU - Kruger, Albert A AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, United States, brian.riley@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2014/09// PY - 2014 DA - Sep 2014 SP - 178 EP - 188 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 452 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Salts KW - Radioactive materials KW - Iodine KW - Mass spectrometry KW - X-ray diffraction KW - Coatings KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1611618319?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Iodine+solubility+in+a+low-activity+waste+borosilicate+glass+at+1000+degree+C&rft.au=Riley%2C+Brian+J%3BSchweiger%2C+Michael+J%3BKim%2C+Dong-Sang%3BLukens%2C+Wayne+W%2C+Jr%3BWilliams%2C+Benjamin+D%3BIovin%2C+Cristian%3BRodriguez%2C+Carmen+P%3BOverman%2C+Nicole+R%3BBowden%2C+Mark+E%3BDixon%2C+Derek+R%3BCrum%2C+Jarrod+V%3BMcCloy%2C+John+S%3BKruger%2C+Albert+A&rft.aulast=Riley&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft.date=2014-09-01&rft.volume=452&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=178&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2014.04.027 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Salts; Radioactive materials; Mass spectrometry; Iodine; X-ray diffraction; Coatings DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.04.027 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Predicting the long-term (137)Cs distribution in Fukushima after the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant accident: a parameter sensitivity analysis. AN - 1542003858; 24836353 AB - Radioactive materials deposited on the land surface of Fukushima Prefecture from the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant explosion is a crucial issue for a number of reasons, including external and internal radiation exposure and impacts on agricultural environments and aquatic biota. Predicting the future distribution of radioactive materials and their fates is therefore indispensable for evaluation and comparison of the effectiveness of remediation options regarding human health and the environment. Cesium-137, the main radionuclide to be focused on, is well known to adsorb to clay-rich soils; therefore its primary transportation mechanism is in the form of soil erosion on the land surface and transport of sediment-sorbed contaminants in the water system. In this study, we applied the Soil and Cesium Transport model, which we have developed, to predict a long-term cesium distribution in the Fukushima area, based on the Universal Soil Loss Equation and simple sediment discharge formulas. The model consists of calculation schemes of soil erosion, transportation and deposition, as well as cesium transport and its future distribution. Since not all the actual data on parameters is available, a number of sensitivity analyses were conducted here to find the range of the output results due to the uncertainties of parameters. The preliminary calculation indicated that a large amount of total soil loss remained in slope, and the residual sediment was transported to rivers, deposited in rivers and lakes, or transported farther downstream to the river mouths. Most of the sediment deposited in rivers and lakes consists of sand. On the other hand, most of the silt and clay portions transported to river were transported downstream to the river mouths. The rate of sediment deposition in the Abukuma River basin was three times as high as those of the other 13 river basins. This may be due to the larger catchment area and more moderate channel slope of the Abukuma River basin than those of the other rivers. Annual sediment outflows from the Abukuma River and the total from the other 13 river basins were calculated as 3.2 × 10(4)-3.1 × 10(5) and 3.4 × 10(4)-2.1 × 10(5)ty(-1), respectively. The values vary between calculation cases because of the critical shear stress, the rainfall factor, and other differences. On the other hand, contributions of those parameters were relatively small for (137)Cs concentration within transported soil. This indicates that the total amount of (137)Cs outflow into the ocean would mainly be controlled by the amount of soil erosion and transport and the total amount of (137)Cs concentration remaining within the basin. Outflows of (137)Cs from the Abukuma River and the total from the other 13 river basins during the first year after the accident were calculated to be 2.3 × 10(11)-3.7 × 10(12) and 4.6 × 10(11)-6.5 × 10(12)Bqy(-1), respectively. The former results were compared with the field investigation results, and the order of magnitude was matched between the two, but the value of the investigation result was beyond the upper limit of model prediction. JF - Journal of environmental radioactivity AU - Yamaguchi, Masaaki AU - Kitamura, Akihiro AU - Oda, Yoshihiro AU - Onishi, Yasuo AD - Radoactive Waste Processing and Disposal Research Department, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 4-33 Muramatsu Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki 319-1194, Japan. Electronic address: yamaguchi.masaaki@jaea.go.jp. ; Radoactive Waste Processing and Disposal Research Department, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 4-33 Muramatsu Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki 319-1194, Japan; Fukushima Environmental Safety Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 1-29 Okitama-cho, Fukushima-shi, Fukushima 960-8034, Japan. ; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, P.O. Box 999, MSIN K7-15, Richland, WA 99352, USA. Y1 - 2014/09// PY - 2014 DA - September 2014 SP - 135 EP - 146 VL - 135 KW - Cesium Radioisotopes KW - 0 KW - Soil Pollutants, Radioactive KW - Water Pollutants, Radioactive KW - Index Medicus KW - Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant KW - (137)Cs KW - Transport KW - Soil erosion KW - Water Pollutants, Radioactive -- analysis KW - Radiation Monitoring KW - Geologic Sediments KW - Soil Pollutants, Radioactive -- analysis KW - Cesium Radioisotopes -- analysis KW - Fukushima Nuclear Accident UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1542003858?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+environmental+radioactivity&rft.atitle=Predicting+the+long-term+%28137%29Cs+distribution+in+Fukushima+after+the+Fukushima+Dai-ichi+nuclear+power+plant+accident%3A+a+parameter+sensitivity+analysis.&rft.au=Yamaguchi%2C+Masaaki%3BKitamura%2C+Akihiro%3BOda%2C+Yoshihiro%3BOnishi%2C+Yasuo&rft.aulast=Yamaguchi&rft.aufirst=Masaaki&rft.date=2014-09-01&rft.volume=135&rft.issue=&rft.spage=135&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+environmental+radioactivity&rft.issn=1879-1700&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jenvrad.2014.04.011 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-02-12 N1 - Date created - 2014-06-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2014.04.011 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reversible nano-structuring of SrCrO3-δ through oxidation and reduction at low temperature. AN - 1554473853; 25131307 AB - Oxygen vacancies are often present in complex oxides as point defects, and their effect on the electronic properties is typically uniform and isotropic. Exploiting oxygen deficiency in order to generate controllably novel structures and functional properties remains a challenging goal. Here we show that epitaxial strontium chromite films can be transformed, reversibly and at low temperature, from rhombohedral, semiconducting SrCrO(2.8) to cubic, metallic perovskite SrCrO(3-δ). Oxygen vacancies in SrCrO(2.8) aggregate and give rise to ordered arrays of {111}-oriented SrO(2) planes interleaved between layers of tetrahedrally coordinated Cr(4+) and separated by ~1 nm. First-principle calculations provide insight into the origin of the stability of such nanostructures and, consistent with the experimental data, predict that the barrier for O(2-) diffusion along these quasi-two-dimensional nanostructures is significantly lower than that in cubic SrCrO(3-δ). This property is of considerable relevance to solid oxide fuel cells in which fast O(2-) diffusion reduces the required operating temperature. JF - Nature communications AU - Zhang, K H L AU - Sushko, P V AU - Colby, R AU - Du, Y AU - Bowden, M E AU - Chambers, S A AD - Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA. ; 1] Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA [2] Present address: ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Company, Annandale, New Jersey 08801, USA. ; Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA. Y1 - 2014/08/18/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Aug 18 SP - 4669 VL - 5 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1554473853?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+communications&rft.atitle=Reversible+nano-structuring+of+SrCrO3-%CE%B4+through+oxidation+and+reduction+at+low+temperature.&rft.au=Zhang%2C+K+H+L%3BSushko%2C+P+V%3BColby%2C+R%3BDu%2C+Y%3BBowden%2C+M+E%3BChambers%2C+S+A&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=K+H&rft.date=2014-08-18&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=4669&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+communications&rft.issn=2041-1723&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fncomms5669 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-04-13 N1 - Date created - 2014-08-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms5669 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mammuthus finds in former Lake Lewis of Southeastern Washington AN - 1861104400; 781023-39 JF - Program and Abstracts - American Quaternary Association. Conference AU - Last, George V AU - Barton, Bax R AU - ? Y1 - 2014/08// PY - 2014 DA - August 2014 SP - 80 EP - 82 PB - American Quaternary Association, Seattle, WA VL - 23 SN - 0741-059X, 0741-059X UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1861104400?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Program+and+Abstracts+-+American+Quaternary+Association.+Conference&rft.atitle=Mammuthus+finds+in+former+Lake+Lewis+of+Southeastern+Washington&rft.au=Last%2C+George+V%3BBarton%2C+Bax+R%3B%3F&rft.aulast=Last&rft.aufirst=George&rft.date=2014-08-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=&rft.spage=80&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Program+and+Abstracts+-+American+Quaternary+Association.+Conference&rft.issn=0741059X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - AMQUA 2014 American Quaternary Associaiton 23rd biennial meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - PubXState - WA N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - CODEN - AMQUAM ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Outburst Missoula floods and glacial Lake Columbia along the northern Channeled Scabland AN - 1664436818; 2015-025696 JF - Northwest Geology AU - Bjornstad, Bruce Y1 - 2014/08// PY - 2014 DA - August 2014 SP - 117 EP - 132 PB - University of Montana, Department of Geology, Missoula, MT VL - 43 SN - 0096-7769, 0096-7769 KW - United States KW - Washington KW - Quaternary KW - lakes KW - Lake Missoula KW - field trips KW - glacial features KW - paleoclimatology KW - road log KW - Cenozoic KW - bedding KW - planar bedding structures KW - jokulhlaups KW - Pleistocene KW - Channeled Scabland KW - depositional environment KW - Cordilleran ice sheet KW - sedimentary structures KW - Lake Columbia KW - glacial lakes KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1664436818?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Northwest+Geology&rft.atitle=Outburst+Missoula+floods+and+glacial+Lake+Columbia+along+the+northern+Channeled+Scabland&rft.au=Bjornstad%2C+Bruce&rft.aulast=Bjornstad&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rft.date=2014-08-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=&rft.spage=117&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Northwest+Geology&rft.issn=00967769&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://trgs.org/pubs.htm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 39th annual field conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - PubXState - MT N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - CODEN - NWGYAR N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bedding; Cenozoic; Channeled Scabland; Cordilleran ice sheet; depositional environment; field trips; glacial features; glacial lakes; jokulhlaups; Lake Columbia; Lake Missoula; lakes; paleoclimatology; planar bedding structures; Pleistocene; Quaternary; road log; sedimentary structures; United States; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carbonate karst reservoirs of the Tarim Basin, northwest China; types, features, origins, and implications for hydrocarbon exploration AN - 1645574892; 2015-007025 AB - Karst reservoirs are important exploration targets in marine carbonates of hydrocarbon-bearing basins around the world. In the Tarim Basin of northwest China, four types of carbonate karst reservoirs were delineated using data from more than 200 wells, including cores, thin sections, wireline logs, drilling logs, and production data; these were supplemented with seismic and other data. The four types of karst reservoirs described were all formed by meteoric water circulation but not limited in the vadose or phreatic zones, including buried tower karst, interlayer karst, overlying-aquiclude confining karst, and fault-related karst. Buried tower karst occurred in the carbonate successions underneath a regional unconformity (buried tower area), resembling the active karsting in the Guilin Region of South China. Interlayer karst developed during a relatively shorter exposure period compared with buried tower karst but is also situated on a paleouplift. Overlying-aquiclude confining karst is essentially a by-product and on the fringes of buried tower karst, and though it appears to be distributed evenly below a disconformity, it is not related to the disconformity in origin. Fault-related karst occurred in the carbonate succession of a high steep anticline with faults cutting through aquicludes and into the carbonates; dissolution is concentrated along faults and the crest of the anticline. We studied three previously undocumented types of karst and proved that karst reservoirs in the Tarim Basin occur not only in the carbonate succession under a regional unconformity, but also where no significant unconformity is recognized. Similar examples have been found in other basins of China and are expected to occur in other basins worldwide, particularly in areas of complex geologic history. JF - Interpretation (Tulsa) AU - Zhao, Wenzhi AU - Shen, Anjiang AU - Qiao, Zhanfeng AU - Zheng, Jianfeng AU - Wang, Xiaofang AU - Rush, Jason AU - Bellian, Jerome A AU - Sullivan, Charlotte AU - Marfurt, Kurt J AU - Zeng, Hongliu Y1 - 2014/08// PY - 2014 DA - August 2014 SP - SF65 EP - SF90 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 2 IS - 3 SN - 2324-8858, 2324-8858 KW - petroleum exploration KW - Far East KW - Xinjiang China KW - petroleum KW - karst KW - production KW - Lunnan Uplift KW - Tarim Basin KW - reservoir rocks KW - genesis KW - case studies KW - sedimentary rocks KW - northwestern China KW - unconformities KW - carbonate rocks KW - Asia KW - China KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645574892?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.atitle=Carbonate+karst+reservoirs+of+the+Tarim+Basin%2C+northwest+China%3B+types%2C+features%2C+origins%2C+and+implications+for+hydrocarbon+exploration&rft.au=Zhao%2C+Wenzhi%3BShen%2C+Anjiang%3BQiao%2C+Zhanfeng%3BZheng%2C+Jianfeng%3BWang%2C+Xiaofang%3BRush%2C+Jason%3BBellian%2C+Jerome+A%3BSullivan%2C+Charlotte%3BMarfurt%2C+Kurt+J%3BZeng%2C+Hongliu&rft.aulast=Zhao&rft.aufirst=Wenzhi&rft.date=2014-08-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=SF65&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.issn=23248858&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2FINT-2013-0177.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/inteio LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 71 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. block diag., chart, 2 tables, sects. N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; carbonate rocks; case studies; China; Far East; genesis; karst; Lunnan Uplift; northwestern China; petroleum; petroleum exploration; production; reservoir rocks; sedimentary rocks; Tarim Basin; unconformities; Xinjiang China DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/INT-2013-0177.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Paleokarstic macroporosity development at platform margins; lessons from the Paleocene of north Spain AN - 1645574888; 2015-007019 AB - Platform margins have been targets for carbonate exploration because they are commonly seismically resolvable and reservoir prone for several critical reasons including karstic porosity. Platform margin karst models, mainly based on the Quaternary of the Caribbean (tropical humid, including "flank margin caves") are well documented, but analogs remain rarely identified in the stratigraphic record. Analysis of a remarkably well-exposed macroporosity paleokarst system from the Paleocene of north Spain, formed under an arid to semiarid climate, provided a model that differs from the Caribbean template. Implications for exploration and appraisal strategies, include provisos regarding (1) how early fracture intensity can be estimated at platform margins, (2) the absence of flank margin caves at the margin, (3) the absence of karstic features at or immediately below the main lowstand surface, (4) the presence of cave-free corridors such that the porosity zones could be missed completely, and (5) the stratigraphic inheritance of caves into successive levels adjacent to the cave-free zones. Quantitative data were evaluated on the main macroporous intervals. We also compared this model with other paleokarst models in the literature to emphasize the diversity of approaches that can be used to evaluate paleokarst targets: "one size does not fit all." JF - Interpretation (Tulsa) AU - Wright, V Paul AU - Baceta, Juan Ignacio AU - Lapointe, Philippe A AU - Rush, Jason AU - Bellian, Jerome A AU - Sullivan, Charlotte AU - Marfurt, Kurt J AU - Zeng, Hongliu Y1 - 2014/08// PY - 2014 DA - August 2014 SP - SF1 EP - SF16 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 2 IS - 3 SN - 2324-8858, 2324-8858 KW - limestone KW - petroleum exploration KW - lower Paleocene KW - carbonate platforms KW - Spain KW - caves KW - petroleum KW - karst KW - Europe KW - Danian KW - secondary porosity KW - Iberian Peninsula KW - Southern Europe KW - reservoir rocks KW - Cenozoic KW - sedimentary rocks KW - northern Spain KW - Paleocene KW - outcrops KW - correlation KW - Paleogene KW - paleogeography KW - porosity KW - lithofacies KW - Tertiary KW - diagenesis KW - Spanish Pyrenees KW - paleokarst KW - reconstruction KW - Pyrenees KW - carbonate rocks KW - solution features KW - 23:Geomorphology KW - 12:Stratigraphy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645574888?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.atitle=Paleokarstic+macroporosity+development+at+platform+margins%3B+lessons+from+the+Paleocene+of+north+Spain&rft.au=Wright%2C+V+Paul%3BBaceta%2C+Juan+Ignacio%3BLapointe%2C+Philippe+A%3BRush%2C+Jason%3BBellian%2C+Jerome+A%3BSullivan%2C+Charlotte%3BMarfurt%2C+Kurt+J%3BZeng%2C+Hongliu&rft.aulast=Wright&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2014-08-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=SF1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.issn=23248858&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2FINT-2013-0175.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/inteio LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 70 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. block diag., sects., 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbonate platforms; carbonate rocks; caves; Cenozoic; correlation; Danian; diagenesis; Europe; Iberian Peninsula; karst; limestone; lithofacies; lower Paleocene; northern Spain; outcrops; Paleocene; Paleogene; paleogeography; paleokarst; petroleum; petroleum exploration; porosity; Pyrenees; reconstruction; reservoir rocks; secondary porosity; sedimentary rocks; solution features; Southern Europe; Spain; Spanish Pyrenees; Tertiary DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/INT-2013-0175.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An integrated approach to evaluating the suitability of the Potosi Dolomite as a carbon sequestration target AN - 1645574829; 2015-007021 AB - The Cambrian-age Potosi Dolomite of the Knox Group in Illinois is a significant reservoir target for the sequestration of carbon dioxide (CO (sub 2) ). The Potosi was originally deposited in a shallow intertidal to subtidal environment and has a major diagenetic overprint of karst processes. There were vuggy intervals (up to 2.1-m [7-ft] thick) present that have caused lost circulation of drilling fluid to occur when penetrating through these intervals. This article used data from Decatur, Illinois, to illustrate a case study of integrating well data, core, and 3D seismic reflection data inversion to create a reservoir model, extrapolating the 3D seismic porosity cube to a larger area beyond the 3D seismic volume and then performing reservoir simulation of CO (sub 2) injection into the Potosi. A waste injection project approximately 64 km (40 mi) to the east suggested that high volumes of CO (sub 2) injection are possible. Project results illustrated that seismic inversion might reduce the uncertainty of the distribution of the lost circulation intervals. The reservoir flow simulation suggested that the Potosi is a viable target for CO (sub 2) sequestration. JF - Interpretation (Tulsa) AU - Leetaru, Hannes E AU - Smith, Valeri AU - Adushita, Yasmin AU - Freiburg, Jared T AU - Rush, Jason AU - Bellian, Jerome A AU - Sullivan, Charlotte AU - Marfurt, Kurt J AU - Zeng, Hongliu Y1 - 2014/08// PY - 2014 DA - August 2014 SP - SF125 EP - SF133 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 2 IS - 3 SN - 2324-8858, 2324-8858 KW - United States KW - nomenclature KW - shallow-water environment KW - sandstone KW - dolostone KW - Potosi Dolomite KW - Cambrian KW - reservoir rocks KW - evaluation KW - carbon dioxide KW - Upper Cambrian KW - intertidal environment KW - sedimentary rocks KW - Knox Group KW - carbon sequestration KW - Illinois KW - three-dimensional models KW - shale KW - Paleozoic KW - variance analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - overprinting KW - seismic methods KW - variograms KW - subtidal environment KW - diagenesis KW - coastal environment KW - carbonate rocks KW - clastic rocks KW - permeability KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645574829?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.atitle=An+integrated+approach+to+evaluating+the+suitability+of+the+Potosi+Dolomite+as+a+carbon+sequestration+target&rft.au=Leetaru%2C+Hannes+E%3BSmith%2C+Valeri%3BAdushita%2C+Yasmin%3BFreiburg%2C+Jared+T%3BRush%2C+Jason%3BBellian%2C+Jerome+A%3BSullivan%2C+Charlotte%3BMarfurt%2C+Kurt+J%3BZeng%2C+Hongliu&rft.aulast=Leetaru&rft.aufirst=Hannes&rft.date=2014-08-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=SF125&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.issn=23248858&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2FINT-2013-0185.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/inteio LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. block diag., chart, sects., sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cambrian; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; carbonate rocks; clastic rocks; coastal environment; diagenesis; dolostone; evaluation; geophysical methods; Illinois; intertidal environment; Knox Group; nomenclature; overprinting; Paleozoic; permeability; Potosi Dolomite; reservoir rocks; sandstone; sedimentary rocks; seismic methods; shale; shallow-water environment; statistical analysis; subtidal environment; three-dimensional models; United States; Upper Cambrian; variance analysis; variograms DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/INT-2013-0185.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Climate, duration, and mineralogy controls on meteoric diagenesis, La Molata, southeast Spain AN - 1645574625; 2015-007020 AB - We isolated the impact of climate, duration, and mineralogy on porosity enhancement and cementation associated with seven surfaces of subaerial exposure in Miocene carbonate strata of southeast Spain. We integrated new and published petrographic and geochemical studies on the same strata to quantify the approximate impact of each event of subaerial exposure. The results quantified that only minor dissolution and/or cementation occurred when subaerial exposure was short-lived (< 533 thousand years) and in an arid climate, or when carbonate sediments were composed primarily of calcite. For such exposure surfaces, alteration was confined to the uppermost 0.5-2 m with 2%-5% porosity from dissolution and 3% cementation. After deposition of the last Miocene carbonate sequence, dolomitization and dissolution occurred during the initial stages of sea-level fall, associated with mixing during influx of meteoric water. This resulted in dissolution to create 10%-20% porosity over 83% of the platform system, and this indicated that even incipient subaerial exposure can lead to major porosity enhancement during times of high freshwater recharge and hydrogeology that promotes mixing. During a long-lived period of subaerial exposure (greater than 5.3 million years) associated with wet climate, major amounts of cementation reduced porosity in the phreatic zone and some porosity was enhanced in the vadose zone. This included 25% freshwater calcite cement affecting 53% of the platform. Dissolution during and after calcite cementation was approximately 8% throughout the platform. These observations predict that duration and climate combine to have the most significant impacts on porosity associated with subaerial exposure. JF - Interpretation (Tulsa) AU - Li, Zhaoqi AU - Goldstein, Robert H AU - Franseen, Evan K AU - Rush, Jason AU - Bellian, Jerome A AU - Sullivan, Charlotte AU - Marfurt, Kurt J AU - Zeng, Hongliu Y1 - 2014/08// PY - 2014 DA - August 2014 SP - SF111 EP - SF123 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 2 IS - 3 SN - 2324-8858, 2324-8858 KW - terrestrial environment KW - upper Tortonian KW - unsaturated zone KW - Europe KW - Iberian Peninsula KW - paleoclimatology KW - Southern Europe KW - reservoir rocks KW - sedimentary rocks KW - mineral composition KW - mixing KW - carbon KW - inclusions KW - La Molata KW - C-13/C-12 KW - porosity KW - Tertiary KW - sea-level changes KW - diagenesis KW - upper Miocene KW - fluid inclusions KW - Cabo de Gata KW - carbonate rocks KW - carbonates KW - alteration KW - southeastern Spain KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - Spain KW - solution KW - stable isotopes KW - observations KW - Cenozoic KW - controls KW - Tortonian KW - quantitative analysis KW - meteoric water KW - isotope ratios KW - cementation KW - arid environment KW - carbonatization KW - O-18/O-16 KW - Miocene KW - calcite KW - fluctuations KW - Neogene KW - dolomitization KW - permeability KW - 12:Stratigraphy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645574625?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.atitle=Climate%2C+duration%2C+and+mineralogy+controls+on+meteoric+diagenesis%2C+La+Molata%2C+southeast+Spain&rft.au=Li%2C+Zhaoqi%3BGoldstein%2C+Robert+H%3BFranseen%2C+Evan+K%3BRush%2C+Jason%3BBellian%2C+Jerome+A%3BSullivan%2C+Charlotte%3BMarfurt%2C+Kurt+J%3BZeng%2C+Hongliu&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Zhaoqi&rft.date=2014-08-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=SF111&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.issn=23248858&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2FINT-2014-0060.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/inteio LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 63 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. chart, 2 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alteration; arid environment; C-13/C-12; Cabo de Gata; calcite; carbon; carbonate rocks; carbonates; carbonatization; cementation; Cenozoic; controls; diagenesis; dolomitization; Europe; fluctuations; fluid inclusions; Iberian Peninsula; inclusions; isotope ratios; isotopes; La Molata; meteoric water; mineral composition; Miocene; mixing; Neogene; O-18/O-16; observations; oxygen; paleoclimatology; permeability; porosity; quantitative analysis; reservoir rocks; sea-level changes; sedimentary rocks; solution; southeastern Spain; Southern Europe; Spain; stable isotopes; terrestrial environment; Tertiary; Tortonian; unsaturated zone; upper Miocene; upper Tortonian DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/INT-2014-0060.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Paleokarst in the Grosmont Formation and reservoir implications, Saleski, Alberta, Canada AN - 1645574565; 2015-007023 AB - We delineated a bitumen-rich paleokarsted carbonate reservoir of the Upper Devonian (Frasnian) Grosmont Formation with a high-resolution 3D seismic survey tied to core and petrophysical log data from 35 wells within a 34.2 km (super 2) study area in northern Alberta, Canada. There were two laterally continuous karst facies: a solution-enhanced vuggy dolostone that resulted from the carbonate dissolution of body fossils and a stratiform breccia that resulted from the dissolution of interbedded evaporites. Three laterally discontinuous karst facies were identified: sinkhole fills, collapsed paleocaves, and solution valley fills. We measured 368 subcircular features (sinkholes and collapsed paleocaves) having a median circle-equivalent diameter of 69 m and representing 5.5% of the total study area. Sinkhole fills include Cretaceous-aged sandstone, mudstone, and coal. Collapsed paleocaves were filled with matrix-supported breccia that had clasts of disoriented blocks of dolomite and a matrix of disaggregated dolomite and Cretaceous-aged mudstone. The paleocaves and sinkholes formed in the solution-enhanced karst facies of the Grosmont C at the interface of an interpreted ancient vadose-phreatic mixing zone. The marine deepwater deposition of the Clearwater Formation during the Albian filled the depressions created by the mechanical collapse of the paleocaves and provided a seal for thermal operations. The fracture density inferred from seismic amplitude variation with angle and azimuth analysis and corroborated by well data showed that fractures are ubiquitous and were enhanced during meteoric karst. The high-vertical permeability resulting from solution-enhanced fractures, the laterally predictable flow units, and a competent seal make this an ideal reservoir for thermal bitumen recovery. JF - Interpretation (Tulsa) AU - Russel-Houston, Jen AU - Gray, Ken AU - Rush, Jason AU - Bellian, Jerome A AU - Sullivan, Charlotte AU - Marfurt, Kurt J AU - Zeng, Hongliu Y1 - 2014/08// PY - 2014 DA - August 2014 SP - SF29 EP - SF50 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 2 IS - 3 SN - 2324-8858, 2324-8858 KW - Cretaceous KW - sandstone KW - petroleum KW - secondary porosity KW - solution KW - production KW - Alberta KW - cores KW - reservoir rocks KW - steam injection KW - oil wells KW - sedimentary rocks KW - Saleski Alberta KW - Grosmont Formation KW - north-central Alberta KW - Upper Devonian KW - high-resolution methods KW - chemically precipitated rocks KW - well logs KW - three-dimensional models KW - Paleozoic KW - geophysical methods KW - evaporites KW - porosity KW - Mesozoic KW - seismic methods KW - bitumens KW - Devonian KW - Canada KW - brecciation KW - Western Canada KW - paleokarst KW - carbonate rocks KW - solution features KW - clastic rocks KW - Goose Coulee KW - Frasnian KW - 23:Geomorphology KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645574565?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.atitle=Paleokarst+in+the+Grosmont+Formation+and+reservoir+implications%2C+Saleski%2C+Alberta%2C+Canada&rft.au=Russel-Houston%2C+Jen%3BGray%2C+Ken%3BRush%2C+Jason%3BBellian%2C+Jerome+A%3BSullivan%2C+Charlotte%3BMarfurt%2C+Kurt+J%3BZeng%2C+Hongliu&rft.aulast=Russel-Houston&rft.aufirst=Jen&rft.date=2014-08-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=SF29&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.issn=23248858&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2FINT-2013-0187.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/inteio LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 39 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. block diags., sects., strat. cols., 1 table, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alberta; bitumens; brecciation; Canada; carbonate rocks; chemically precipitated rocks; clastic rocks; cores; Cretaceous; Devonian; evaporites; Frasnian; geophysical methods; Goose Coulee; Grosmont Formation; high-resolution methods; Mesozoic; north-central Alberta; oil wells; paleokarst; Paleozoic; petroleum; porosity; production; reservoir rocks; Saleski Alberta; sandstone; secondary porosity; sedimentary rocks; seismic methods; solution; solution features; steam injection; three-dimensional models; Upper Devonian; well logs; Western Canada DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/INT-2013-0187.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geophysical characterization of karst landscapes in Kentucky as modern analogs for paleokarst reservoirs AN - 1645573884; 2015-007024 AB - Subsurface interpretation of paleokarst reservoirs is greatly aided by 3D seismic and other modern modeling tools and the inherent complexity of productive reservoirs requires an understanding of reservoir heterogeneities and compartmentalization. Such complexity also requires a review of karst processes and development, which can be beneficially captured via geophysical characterization of near-surface karst landscape features that certainly equate to our better understanding of high-side oil productive areas. Both electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and refraction microtremor (ReMi) geophysical surveys at the Green River Preserve adjacent to Mammoth Cave National Park in the Mississippian Ste. Genevieve and Girkin Limestones are providing details of karst features, including horizontal passages, uvulas or karst valleys, sinkholes (dolines), vertical pits or dome caves, and associated karst system infill. Geophysical anomalies include reversals of shear-wave velocities in a domal (pit) cave, and an inferred bedding-plane controlled conduit system associated with a drained sinkhole basin. Other anomalies detected in the shallow subsurface include large contrasts in geoelectrical measurements near the sinkhole basin interpreted also as a cave or conduit system. In contrast to anomalies, a mappable continuity of ERT and ReMi transects along the Green River suggests bedrock joints controlling the linear nature of bedrock highs and lows, similar to a series of grikes and clints that typify the south-central Kentucky karst. JF - Interpretation (Tulsa) AU - May, Michael T AU - Brackman, Thomas B AU - Rush, Jason AU - Bellian, Jerome A AU - Sullivan, Charlotte AU - Marfurt, Kurt J AU - Zeng, Hongliu Y1 - 2014/08// PY - 2014 DA - August 2014 SP - SF51 EP - SF63 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 2 IS - 3 SN - 2324-8858, 2324-8858 KW - United States KW - tomography KW - Hart County Kentucky KW - geophysical surveys KW - characterization KW - petroleum KW - karst KW - reservoir rocks KW - transgression KW - interpretation KW - modern analogs KW - three-dimensional models KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - resistivity KW - two-dimensional models KW - seismic methods KW - sea-level changes KW - surveys KW - Kentucky KW - paleokarst KW - landscapes KW - solution features KW - eustasy KW - 23:Geomorphology KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645573884?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.atitle=Geophysical+characterization+of+karst+landscapes+in+Kentucky+as+modern+analogs+for+paleokarst+reservoirs&rft.au=May%2C+Michael+T%3BBrackman%2C+Thomas+B%3BRush%2C+Jason%3BBellian%2C+Jerome+A%3BSullivan%2C+Charlotte%3BMarfurt%2C+Kurt+J%3BZeng%2C+Hongliu&rft.aulast=May&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2014-08-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=SF51&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.issn=23248858&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2FINT-2013-0179.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/inteio LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 47 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sects., strat. col., 1 table, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - characterization; electrical methods; eustasy; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; Hart County Kentucky; interpretation; karst; Kentucky; landscapes; modern analogs; paleokarst; petroleum; reservoir rocks; resistivity; sea-level changes; seismic methods; solution features; surveys; three-dimensional models; tomography; transgression; two-dimensional models; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/INT-2013-0179.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Attribute expression of fault-controlled karst; Fort Worth Basin, Texas; a tutorial AN - 1645573868; 2015-007026 AB - Much of seismic interpretation is based on pattern recognition, such that experienced interpreters are able to extract subtle geologic features that a new interpreter may easily overlook. Seismic pattern recognition is based on the identification of changes in (1) amplitude, (2) phase, (3) frequency, (4) dip, (5) continuity, and (6) reflector configuration. Seismic attributes, which providing quantitative measures that can be subsequently used in risk analysis and data mining, partially automate the pattern recognition problem by extracting key statistical, geometric, or kinematic components of the 3D seismic volume. Early attribute analysis began with recognition of bright spots and quickly moved into the mapping of folds, faults, and channels. Although a novice interpreter may quickly recognize faults and channels on attribute time slices, karst terrains provide more complex patterns. We sought to instruct the attribute expression of a karst terrain in the western part of the Fort Worth Basin, Texas, United States of America. Karst provides a specific expression on almost every attribute. Specifically, karst in the Fort Worth Basin Ellenburger Group exhibits strong dip, negative curvature, low coherence, and a shift to lower frequencies. Geomorphologically, the inferred karst geometries seen in our study areas indicate strong structural control, whereby large-scale karst collapse is associated with faults and where karst lineaments are aligned perpendicularly to faults associated with reflector rotation anomalies. JF - Interpretation (Tulsa) AU - Qi, Jie AU - Zhang, Bo AU - Zhou, Huailai AU - Marfurt, Kurt J AU - Rush, Jason AU - Bellian, Jerome A AU - Sullivan, Charlotte AU - Zeng, Hongliu Y1 - 2014/08// PY - 2014 DA - August 2014 SP - SF91 EP - SF110 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 2 IS - 3 SN - 2324-8858, 2324-8858 KW - United States KW - Mississippian KW - Cretaceous KW - Barnett Shale KW - karst KW - elastic waves KW - frequency KW - Wise County Texas KW - Upper Cretaceous KW - visualization KW - Ordovician KW - algorithms KW - interpretation KW - faults KW - seismic attributes KW - pattern recognition KW - three-dimensional models KW - Fort Worth Basin KW - Paleozoic KW - Ellenburger Group KW - statistical analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - Carboniferous KW - structural controls KW - Texas KW - Eagle Ford Formation KW - Mesozoic KW - seismic methods KW - geometry KW - kinematics KW - Young County Texas KW - Lower Ordovician KW - Gulfian KW - Denton County Texas KW - amplitude KW - 16:Structural geology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645573868?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.atitle=Attribute+expression+of+fault-controlled+karst%3B+Fort+Worth+Basin%2C+Texas%3B+a+tutorial&rft.au=Qi%2C+Jie%3BZhang%2C+Bo%3BZhou%2C+Huailai%3BMarfurt%2C+Kurt+J%3BRush%2C+Jason%3BBellian%2C+Jerome+A%3BSullivan%2C+Charlotte%3BZeng%2C+Hongliu&rft.aulast=Qi&rft.aufirst=Jie&rft.date=2014-08-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=SF91&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.issn=23248858&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2FINT-2013-0188.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/inteio LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 37 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. block diags., chart, sects., sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; amplitude; Barnett Shale; Carboniferous; Cretaceous; Denton County Texas; Eagle Ford Formation; elastic waves; Ellenburger Group; faults; Fort Worth Basin; frequency; geometry; geophysical methods; Gulfian; interpretation; karst; kinematics; Lower Ordovician; Mesozoic; Mississippian; Ordovician; Paleozoic; pattern recognition; seismic attributes; seismic methods; statistical analysis; structural controls; Texas; three-dimensional models; United States; Upper Cretaceous; visualization; Wise County Texas; Young County Texas DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/INT-2013-0188.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determining a relationship between a newly forming sinkhole and a former dry stream using electric resistivity tomography and very low-frequency electromagnetics in an urban karst setting AN - 1645573744; 2015-007022 AB - Sinkhole formation is an ongoing hazard for urban karst settings, compromising construction foundations, and accelerating groundwater pollution. In Springfield, Missouri, the uppermost exposed unit is the Burlington limestone, a carbonate bedrock which is susceptible to karst formation, including caves and sinkholes. This study site concerns a detention basin near a major highway interchange, in which a new sinkhole is forming. Electric resistivity, very low-frequency electromagnetics, and dye-tracing surveys were performed at this sinkhole to determine its subsurface extent and any relation to surface features. The low resistivity associated with the sinkhole and thin soil contrasts with the high resistivity of the underlying Burlington limestone. This contrast highlights a curvilinear trough of thicker soil, which correlates with a former intermittent stream and represents a stream channel, which was graded and filled during construction of the highway and basin. The newly formed sinkhole lies entirely within this former stream channel. This relationship between the sinkhole and stream provides useful insights into the effects of urbanization on sinkhole formation. Knowledge of these relationships allows urban managers to better understand the risk this sinkhole poses to major highways and public buildings in the area. JF - Interpretation (Tulsa) AU - Berglund, James L AU - Mickus, Kevin AU - Gouzie, Douglas AU - Rush, Jason AU - Bellian, Jerome A AU - Sullivan, Charlotte AU - Marfurt, Kurt J AU - Zeng, Hongliu Y1 - 2014/08// PY - 2014 DA - August 2014 SP - SF17 EP - SF27 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 2 IS - 3 SN - 2324-8858, 2324-8858 KW - United States KW - Mississippian KW - Osagian KW - Lower Mississippian KW - Paleozoic KW - Missouri KW - caves KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - Carboniferous KW - karst KW - Burlington Limestone KW - resistivity KW - urban environment KW - epikarst KW - Springfield Missouri KW - sinkholes KW - electromagnetic methods KW - Greene County Missouri KW - solution features KW - 23:Geomorphology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645573744?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.atitle=Determining+a+relationship+between+a+newly+forming+sinkhole+and+a+former+dry+stream+using+electric+resistivity+tomography+and+very+low-frequency+electromagnetics+in+an+urban+karst+setting&rft.au=Berglund%2C+James+L%3BMickus%2C+Kevin%3BGouzie%2C+Douglas%3BRush%2C+Jason%3BBellian%2C+Jerome+A%3BSullivan%2C+Charlotte%3BMarfurt%2C+Kurt+J%3BZeng%2C+Hongliu&rft.aulast=Berglund&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2014-08-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=SF17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.issn=23248858&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2FINT-2013-0064.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/inteio LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sects., sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Burlington Limestone; Carboniferous; caves; electrical methods; electromagnetic methods; epikarst; geophysical methods; Greene County Missouri; karst; Lower Mississippian; Mississippian; Missouri; Osagian; Paleozoic; resistivity; sinkholes; solution features; Springfield Missouri; United States; urban environment DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/INT-2013-0064.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Karst AN - 1645573682; 2015-007018 JF - Interpretation (Tulsa) AU - Rush, Jason AU - Bellian, Jerome A AU - Sullivan, Charlotte AU - Marfurt, Kurt J AU - Zeng, Hongliu Y1 - 2014/08// PY - 2014 DA - August 2014 SP - SF1 EP - SF133 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 2 IS - 3 SN - 2324-8858, 2324-8858 KW - karst KW - solution features KW - 23:Geomorphology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645573682?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.atitle=Karst&rft.au=Rush%2C+Jason%3BBellian%2C+Jerome+A%3BSullivan%2C+Charlotte%3BMarfurt%2C+Kurt+J%3BZeng%2C+Hongliu&rft.aulast=Rush&rft.aufirst=Jason&rft.date=2014-08-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=SF1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.issn=23248858&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/inteio LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Individual papers are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - karst; solution features ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Russian policy on methane emissions in the oil and gas sector: A case study in opportunities and challenges in reducing short-lived forcers AN - 1627953599; 20951000 AB - Methane is a potent greenhouse gas, 21 times as powerful as carbon dioxide in contributing to climate change on a ton-for-ton basis. Methane, along with other short-lived forcers such as black carbon and tropospheric ozone, could play an important role in addressing global climate change. This stems both from their overall effect on climate systems, and from their concentrated impact in the short term. Because reducing emissions of such short-lived pollutants may have a large near-term impact in slowing climate change, the United States and other countries have come together to cooperate under the Climate and Clean Air Coalition to Reduce Short-Lived Climate Pollutants, and other partnerships such as the Global Methane Initiative. For global impact, the success of such partnerships depends on their ability to scale up project-specific emission reductions. This paper assesses options and challenges for scaling based on a case study of Russia's oil and gas sector. We examine the challenges to achieving far-reaching emission reductions, successes of companies to date, how Russia has sought to influence methane emissions through its environmental fine system, and options for helping companies achieve large-scale emission reductions in the future through simpler and clearer incentives. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Evans, Meredydd AU - Roshchanka, Volha AD - Joint Global Change Research Institute, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 5825 University Research Court, Suite 3500, College Park, MD 20742, USA Y1 - 2014/08// PY - 2014 DA - August 2014 SP - 199 EP - 206 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 92 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Methane mitigation KW - Russia KW - Oil and gas KW - Climate change KW - Environmental policy KW - Black carbon KW - Incentives KW - Oil KW - Ozone in troposphere KW - Case studies KW - Carbon KW - Pollutants KW - INW, Russia KW - Emissions KW - Methane emission KW - Climatic Changes KW - Ozone KW - Methane KW - Atmospheric pollution KW - Oil and gas industry KW - Case Studies KW - Climates KW - Troposphere KW - Emission control KW - Greenhouse effect KW - Ecosystem disturbance KW - USA KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Scaling KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - SW 0810:General KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1627953599?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Russian+policy+on+methane+emissions+in+the+oil+and+gas+sector%3A+A+case+study+in+opportunities+and+challenges+in+reducing+short-lived+forcers&rft.au=Evans%2C+Meredydd%3BRoshchanka%2C+Volha&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=Meredydd&rft.date=2014-08-01&rft.volume=92&rft.issue=&rft.spage=199&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.atmosenv.2014.04.026 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Methane; Carbon; Pollutants; Oil and gas industry; Climate change; Troposphere; Greenhouse effect; Carbon dioxide; Ecosystem disturbance; Ozone in troposphere; Atmospheric pollution; Methane emission; Greenhouse gases; Black carbon; Emission control; Incentives; Case studies; Emissions; Scaling; Ozone; Oil; Case Studies; Climates; Climatic Changes; Carbon Dioxide; USA; INW, Russia; Russia DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.04.026 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ice nucleation of bare and sulfuric acid-coated mineral dust particles and implication for cloud properties AN - 1566839902; 20720388 AB - Ice nucleation properties of atmospherically relevant dust minerals coated with soluble materials are not yet well understood. We determined ice nucleation ability of bare and sulfuric acid-coated mineral dust particles as a function of temperature (-25 to -35 degree C) and relative humidity with respect to water (RH sub(w); 75 to 110%) for five different mineral dust types: (1) Arizona test dust, (2) illite, (3) montmorillonite, (4) K-feldspar, and (5) quartz. The particles were dry dispersed and size selected at 200nm, and we determined the fraction of dust particles nucleating ice at various temperatures and RH sub(w). Under water-subsaturated conditions, compared to bare dust particles, we found that coated particles showed a reduction in their ice nucleation ability. Under water-supersaturated conditions, however, we did not observe a significant coating effect (i.e., the bare and coated dust particles had nearly similar nucleating properties). X-ray diffraction patterns of the coated particles indicated that acid treatment altered the crystalline nature of the surface and caused structural disorder; thus, we concluded that the lack of such structured order reduced the ice nucleation efficiency of the coated particles in deposition ice nucleation mode. In addition, our single column model results show that coated particles significantly modify cloud properties such as ice crystal number concentration and ice water content compared to bare particles in water-subsaturated conditions. However, in water-supersaturated conditions, cloud properties differ only at warmer temperatures. These modeling results imply that future aged dust particle simulations should implement coating parameterizations to accurately predict cloud properties. Key Points * IN properties of bare and coated dust particles are investigated * Aged particles were lacking structured water order that affected IN properties * Simulated cloud properties were sensitive to the bare and coated particles JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres AU - Kulkarni, Gourihar AU - Sanders, Cassandra AU - Zhang, Kai AU - Liu, Xiaohong AU - Zhao, Chun AD - Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA. Y1 - 2014/08// PY - 2014 DA - August 2014 SP - 9993 EP - 10011 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD United Kingdom VL - 119 IS - 16 SN - 2169-897X, 2169-897X KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Relative humidity KW - Dust particles KW - Dust KW - Nucleation KW - Quartz KW - Cloud properties KW - Ice KW - Coating materials KW - Temperature KW - Simulation KW - Dusts KW - Model Studies KW - Clouds KW - Numerical simulations KW - Ice crystals in clouds KW - Montmorillonite KW - USA, Arizona KW - Deposition KW - Diffraction KW - Minerals KW - Ice nucleation KW - Coatings KW - M2 551.571:Humidity (551.571) KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - SW 0810:General KW - Q2 09245:Ship routing and icing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1566839902?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.atitle=Ice+nucleation+of+bare+and+sulfuric+acid-coated+mineral+dust+particles+and+implication+for+cloud+properties&rft.au=Kulkarni%2C+Gourihar%3BSanders%2C+Cassandra%3BZhang%2C+Kai%3BLiu%2C+Xiaohong%3BZhao%2C+Chun&rft.aulast=Kulkarni&rft.aufirst=Gourihar&rft.date=2014-08-01&rft.volume=119&rft.issue=16&rft.spage=9993&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.issn=2169897X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2014JD021567 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Relative humidity; Quartz; Coating materials; Montmorillonite; Simulation; Diffraction; Dust; Numerical simulations; Ice crystals in clouds; Cloud properties; Dust particles; Ice nucleation; Clouds; Nucleation; Ice; Temperature; Deposition; Minerals; Dusts; Model Studies; Coatings; USA, Arizona DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014JD021567 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Diagnosis of the marine low cloud simulation in the NCAR community earth system model (CESM) and the NCEP global forecast system (GFS)-modular ocean model v4 (MOM4) coupled model AN - 1560124380; 20552024 AB - We present a diagnostic analysis of the marine low cloud climatology simulated by two state-of-the-art coupled atmosphere-ocean models: the National Center for Atmospheric Research community earth system model version 1 (CESM1) and the National Center for Environmental Predictions global forecasting system-modular ocean model version 4 (GFS-MOM4) coupled model. In the CESM1, the coastal stratocumulus (Sc)-topped planetary boundary layers (PBLs) in the subtropical Eastern Pacific are well-simulated but the climatological transition from Sc to shallow cumulus (Cu) is too abrupt and occurs too close to the coast. By contrast, in the GFS-MOM4 the coastal Sc amount and PBL depth are severely underestimated while the transition from Sc to shallow Cu is "delayed" and offshore Sc cover is too extensive in the subtropical Eastern Pacific. We discuss the possible connections between these differences in the simulations and differences in the parameterizations of shallow convection and boundary layer turbulence in the two models. JF - Climate Dynamics AU - Xiao, Heng AU - Mechoso, CRoberto AU - Sun, Ruiyu AU - Han, Jongil AU - Pan, Hua-Lu AU - Park, Sungsu AU - Hannay, Cecile AU - Bretherton, Chris AU - Teixeira, Joao AD - Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Heng.Xiao@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2014/08// PY - 2014 DA - August 2014 SP - 737 EP - 752 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 43 IS - 3-4 SN - 0930-7575, 0930-7575 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Prediction KW - IE, Pacific KW - Ocean models KW - Boundary Layers KW - Convection development KW - turbulence KW - Low clouds KW - Air-sea coupling KW - Ocean-atmosphere system KW - Climatology KW - Atmospheric boundary layer KW - Boundary layer turbulence KW - Turbulent boundary layer KW - Coasts KW - Modelling KW - Marine KW - Climate models KW - Climates KW - Climate KW - Model Studies KW - Clouds KW - Numerical simulations KW - Oceans KW - Boundary layers KW - Atmospheric research KW - SW 0810:General KW - M2 551.58:Climatology (551.58) KW - Q2 09244:Air-sea coupling UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1560124380?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climate+Dynamics&rft.atitle=Diagnosis+of+the+marine+low+cloud+simulation+in+the+NCAR+community+earth+system+model+%28CESM%29+and+the+NCEP+global+forecast+system+%28GFS%29-modular+ocean+model+v4+%28MOM4%29+coupled+model&rft.au=Xiao%2C+Heng%3BMechoso%2C+CRoberto%3BSun%2C+Ruiyu%3BHan%2C+Jongil%3BPan%2C+Hua-Lu%3BPark%2C+Sungsu%3BHannay%2C+Cecile%3BBretherton%2C+Chris%3BTeixeira%2C+Joao&rft.aulast=Xiao&rft.aufirst=Heng&rft.date=2014-08-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=737&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climate+Dynamics&rft.issn=09307575&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00382-014-2067-y LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 69 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Prediction; Clouds; Air-sea coupling; Boundary layers; Climate; Ocean-atmosphere system; Climatology; Turbulent boundary layer; Modelling; Climate models; Numerical simulations; Ocean models; Convection development; Atmospheric boundary layer; Boundary layer turbulence; Low clouds; Atmospheric research; Oceans; Climates; Boundary Layers; turbulence; Coasts; Model Studies; IE, Pacific; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00382-014-2067-y ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of Single-Doppler Radar Wind Retrievals in Flat and Complex Terrain AN - 1560121936; 20547747 AB - The accuracy of winds derived from Next Generation Weather Radar (NEXRAD) level-II data is assessed by comparison with independent observations from 915-MHz radar wind profilers. The evaluation is carried out at two locations with very different terrain characteristics. One site is located in an area of complex terrain within the State Line Wind Energy Center in northeastern Oregon. The other site is located in an area of flat terrain on the east-central Florida coast. The National Severe Storm Laboratorys two-dimensional variational data assimilation (2DVar) algorithm is used to retrieve wind fields from the KPDT (Pendleton, Oregon) and KMLB (Melbourne, Florida) NEXRAD radars. Wind speed correlations at most observation height levels fell in the range from 0.7 to 0.8, indicating that the retrieved winds followed temporal fluctuations in the profiler-observed winds reasonably well. The retrieved winds, however, consistently exhibited slow biases in the range of 12 m s1. Wind speed difference distributions were broad, with standard deviations in the range from 3 to 4 m s1. Results from the Florida site showed little change in the wind speed correlations and difference standard deviations with altitude between about 300 and 1400 m AGL. Over this same height range, results from the Oregon site showed a monotonic increase in the wind speed correlation and a monotonic decrease in the wind speed difference standard deviation with increasing altitude. The poorest overall agreement occurred at the lowest observable level (~300 m AGL) at the Oregon site, where the effects of the complex terrain were greatest. JF - Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology AU - Newsom, Rob K AU - Berg, Larry K AU - Pekour, Mikhail AU - Fast, Jerome AU - Xu, Qin AU - Zhang, Pengfei AU - Yang, Qing AU - Shaw, William J AU - Flaherty, Julia AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington Y1 - 2014/08// PY - 2014 DA - Aug 2014 SP - 1920 EP - 1931 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 United States VL - 53 IS - 8 SN - 1558-8424, 1558-8424 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Algorithms KW - Data assimilation KW - Wind fields KW - Storms KW - Evaluation KW - Wind speed KW - Altitude KW - Standard Deviation KW - Climatology KW - Wind KW - ASW, USA, Florida KW - Weather KW - INE, USA, Oregon KW - Coastal zone KW - Radar wind profiler KW - Wind data KW - Correlations KW - Profilers KW - Severe storms KW - Weather radar KW - Meteorology KW - PSE, Australia, Victoria, Melbourne KW - Coasts KW - Data collection KW - Mathematical models KW - Radar wind measurements KW - Velocity KW - Wind power KW - Wind energy KW - Radar KW - Fluctuations KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - M2 551.556:Wind Effects (551.556) KW - SW 5080:Evaluation, processing and publication KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - Q2 09406:Energy from the sea UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1560121936?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Applied+Meteorology+and+Climatology&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+Single-Doppler+Radar+Wind+Retrievals+in+Flat+and+Complex+Terrain&rft.au=Newsom%2C+Rob+K%3BBerg%2C+Larry+K%3BPekour%2C+Mikhail%3BFast%2C+Jerome%3BXu%2C+Qin%3BZhang%2C+Pengfei%3BYang%2C+Qing%3BShaw%2C+William+J%3BFlaherty%2C+Julia&rft.aulast=Newsom&rft.aufirst=Rob&rft.date=2014-08-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1920&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Applied+Meteorology+and+Climatology&rft.issn=15588424&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2FJAMC-D-13-0297.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 36 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Wind speed; Weather; Wind power; Mathematical models; Climatology; Storms; Wind fields; Wind data; Severe storms; Weather radar; Radar wind measurements; Algorithms; Correlations; Radar wind profiler; Data assimilation; Coastal zone; Data collection; Altitude; Wind energy; Radar; Velocity; Meteorology; Profilers; Wind; Evaluation; Standard Deviation; Fluctuations; Coasts; INE, USA, Oregon; ASW, USA, Florida; PSE, Australia, Victoria, Melbourne DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JAMC-D-13-0297.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A human life-stage physiologically based pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic model for chlorpyrifos: development and validation. AN - 1545179827; 24200834 AB - Sensitivity to some chemicals in animals and humans are known to vary with age. Age-related changes in sensitivity to chlorpyrifos have been reported in animal models. A life-stage physiologically based pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (PBPK/PD) model was developed to predict disposition of chlorpyrifos and its metabolites, chlorpyrifos-oxon (the ultimate toxicant) and 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCPy), as well as B-esterase inhibition by chlorpyrifos-oxon in humans. In this model, previously measured age-dependent metabolism of chlorpyrifos and chlorpyrifos-oxon were integrated into age-related descriptions of human anatomy and physiology. The life-stage PBPK/PD model was calibrated and tested against controlled adult human exposure studies. Simulations suggest age-dependent pharmacokinetics and response may exist. At oral doses ⩾0.6mg/kg of chlorpyrifos (100- to 1000-fold higher than environmental exposure levels), 6months old children are predicted to have higher levels of chlorpyrifos-oxon in blood and higher levels of red blood cell cholinesterase inhibition compared to adults from equivalent doses. At lower doses more relevant to environmental exposures, simulations predict that adults will have slightly higher levels of chlorpyrifos-oxon in blood and greater cholinesterase inhibition. This model provides a computational framework for age-comparative simulations that can be utilized to predict chlorpyrifos disposition and biological response over various postnatal life stages. JF - Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP AU - Smith, Jordan Ned AU - Hinderliter, Paul M AU - Timchalk, Charles AU - Bartels, Michael J AU - Poet, Torka S AD - Battelle, Pacific Northwest Division, Richland, WA 99354, USA. Electronic address: jordan.smith@pnnl.gov. ; Battelle, Pacific Northwest Division, Richland, WA 99354, USA. ; Dow Chemical Company, Midland, MI, USA. Y1 - 2014/08// PY - 2014 DA - August 2014 SP - 580 EP - 597 VL - 69 IS - 3 KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors KW - 0 KW - Pyridones KW - O,O-diethyl O-3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyl phosphate KW - 5598-15-2 KW - 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol KW - 6515-38-4 KW - Carboxylesterase KW - EC 3.1.1.1 KW - Chlorpyrifos KW - JCS58I644W KW - Index Medicus KW - Pesticide KW - Life-stage sensitivity KW - Pharmacokinetics KW - Pyridones -- urine KW - Pyridones -- metabolism KW - Age Factors KW - Humans KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors -- urine KW - Pyridones -- blood KW - Carboxylesterase -- metabolism KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors -- blood KW - Pyridones -- pharmacokinetics KW - Models, Biological KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors -- metabolism KW - Carboxylesterase -- blood KW - Carboxylesterase -- pharmacokinetics KW - Child, Preschool KW - Infant KW - Adult KW - Carboxylesterase -- urine KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors -- pharmacokinetics KW - Male KW - Female KW - Environmental Exposure -- analysis KW - Chlorpyrifos -- analogs & derivatives KW - Chlorpyrifos -- blood KW - Environmental Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Chlorpyrifos -- urine KW - Chlorpyrifos -- pharmacokinetics KW - Chlorpyrifos -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1545179827?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.atitle=A+human+life-stage+physiologically+based+pharmacokinetic+and+pharmacodynamic+model+for+chlorpyrifos%3A+development+and+validation.&rft.au=Smith%2C+Jordan+Ned%3BHinderliter%2C+Paul+M%3BTimchalk%2C+Charles%3BBartels%2C+Michael+J%3BPoet%2C+Torka+S&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Jordan&rft.date=2014-08-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=580&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.issn=1096-0295&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.yrtph.2013.10.005 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-03-09 N1 - Date created - 2014-07-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yrtph.2013.10.005 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Three human cell types respond to multi-walled carbon nanotubes and titanium dioxide nanobelts with cell-specific transcriptomic and proteomic expression patterns. AN - 1467638165; 23659652 AB - The growing use of engineered nanoparticles (NPs) in commercial and medical applications raises the urgent need for tools that can predict NP toxicity. Global transcriptome and proteome analyses were conducted on three human cell types, exposed to two high aspect ratio NP types, to identify patterns of expression that might indicate high versus low NP toxicity. Three cell types representing the most common routes of human exposure to NPs, including macrophage-like (THP-1), small airway epithelial and intestinal (Caco-2/HT29-MTX) cells, were exposed to TiO2 nanobelts (TiO2-NB; high toxicity) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT; low toxicity) at low (10 µg/mL) and high (100 µg/mL) concentrations for 1 and 24 h. Unique patterns of gene and protein expressions were identified for each cell type, with no differentially expressed (p < 0.05, 1.5-fold change) genes or proteins overlapping across all three cell types. While unique to each cell type, the early response was primarily independent of NP type, showing similar expression patterns in response to both TiO2-NB and MWCNT. The early response might, therefore, indicate a general response to insult. In contrast, the 24 h response was unique to each NP type. The most significantly (p < 0.05) enriched biological processes in THP-1 cells indicated TiO2-NB regulation of pathways associated with inflammation, apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, DNA replication stress and genomic instability, while MWCNT-regulated pathways indicated increased cell proliferation, DNA repair and anti-apoptosis. These two distinct sets of biological pathways might, therefore, underlie cellular responses to high and low NP toxicity, respectively. JF - Nanotoxicology AU - Tilton, Susan C AU - Karin, Norman J AU - Tolic, Ana AU - Xie, Yumei AU - Lai, Xianyin AU - Hamilton, Raymond F AU - Waters, Katrina M AU - Holian, Andrij AU - Witzmann, Frank A AU - Orr, Galya AD - Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, and Fundamental & Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland, WA , USA. Y1 - 2014/08// PY - 2014 DA - August 2014 SP - 533 EP - 548 VL - 8 IS - 5 KW - Nanotubes, Carbon KW - 0 KW - Proteome KW - titanium dioxide KW - 15FIX9V2JP KW - Titanium KW - D1JT611TNE KW - Index Medicus KW - Cell Survival -- drug effects KW - Gene Regulatory Networks -- drug effects KW - Humans KW - HT29 Cells KW - Caco-2 Cells KW - Cluster Analysis KW - Titanium -- toxicity KW - Titanium -- chemistry KW - Proteome -- drug effects KW - Nanotubes, Carbon -- chemistry KW - Proteome -- analysis KW - Nanotubes, Carbon -- toxicity KW - Proteome -- chemistry KW - Transcriptome -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1467638165?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nanotoxicology&rft.atitle=Three+human+cell+types+respond+to+multi-walled+carbon+nanotubes+and+titanium+dioxide+nanobelts+with+cell-specific+transcriptomic+and+proteomic+expression+patterns.&rft.au=Tilton%2C+Susan+C%3BKarin%2C+Norman+J%3BTolic%2C+Ana%3BXie%2C+Yumei%3BLai%2C+Xianyin%3BHamilton%2C+Raymond+F%3BWaters%2C+Katrina+M%3BHolian%2C+Andrij%3BWitzmann%2C+Frank+A%3BOrr%2C+Galya&rft.aulast=Tilton&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=2014-08-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=533&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nanotoxicology&rft.issn=1743-5404&rft_id=info:doi/10.3109%2F17435390.2013.803624 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2014-07-13 N1 - Date created - 2013-12-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Cancer Res. 2000 Jan 1;60(1):184-90 [10646872] Environ Health Perspect. 2013 Jun;121(6):683-90 [23649538] Anal Chem. 2002 Oct 15;74(20):5383-92 [12403597] Trends Cell Biol. 2002 Nov;12(11):509-16 [12446112] Bioinformatics. 2003 Jan 22;19(2):185-93 [12538238] Biotechniques. 2003 Feb;34(2):374-8 [12613259] Anal Chem. 2003 Sep 1;75(17):4646-58 [14632076] J Pharm Sci. 1996 Oct;85(10):1070-6 [8897273] Environ Sci Technol. 2005 Mar 1;39(5):1378-83 [15787380] Toxicol Sci. 2006 May;91(1):227-36 [16495353] Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2005 Apr;2(1):31-42 [16705799] Toxicol Lett. 2007 Jan 10;168(1):58-74 [17141434] Acta Biomater. 2007 May;3(3):351-8 [17275430] Environ Health Perspect. 2007 Aug;115(8):1125-31 [17687437] Inhal Toxicol. 2008 Jan;20(1):53-62 [18236223] Environ Mol Mutagen. 2008 Jun;49(5):399-405 [18418868] J Nanosci Nanotechnol. 2008 Nov;8(11):5770-5 [19198303] Pharmacol Ther. 2009 Feb;121(2):192-204 [19103221] J Nutr Biochem. 2009 Jul;20(7):494-502 [18715773] Immunology. 2009 Jul;127(3):299-311 [19538249] ACS Nano. 2009 Aug 25;3(8):2274-80 [19610603] Cancer Res. 2009 Nov 15;69(22):8784-9 [19887611] Toxicol In Vitro. 2009 Dec;23(8):1491-6 [19591917] J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2010;73(5):378-95 [20155580] Toxicol Lett. 2010 Aug 1;197(1):29-37 [20435104] Part Fibre Toxicol. 2010;7:28 [20920331] Nanomedicine (Lond). 2011 Jan;6(1):143-56 [21182425] ACS Nano. 2010 Dec 28;4(12):7241-52 [21067152] Toxicol Lett. 2011 Feb 5;200(3):176-86 [21112381] Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2011 May;15(5):481-508 [21744743] Nanotoxicology. 2011 Sep;5(3):354-71 [21067278] Nanotoxicology. 2011 Sep;5(3):341-53 [21067279] J Proteome Res. 2011 Oct 7;10(10):4799-812 [21888428] Toxicol Sci. 2012 Feb;125(2):450-61 [21964423] Drug Metab Dispos. 2012 Mar;40(3):579-87 [22187486] PLoS One. 2012;7(4):e34977 [22529966] Appl Biochem Biotechnol. 2012 Jun;167(4):791-808 [22614867] BMC Bioinformatics. 2012;13:311 [23174015] J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2002 Aug 9;65(15):1047-60 [12167218] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/17435390.2013.803624 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Physiological Stress Responses to Prolonged Exposure to MS-222 and Surgical Implantation in Juvenile Chinook Salmon AN - 1560125271; 20568352 AB - This study simulated large-scale monitoring program operations to evaluate the responses of age-1 Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha to tricaine methanesulfonate (MS-222; 80 mg/L) exposure and intracoelomic acoustic microtransmitter implantation. The MS-222 exposure effects and appropriate exposure times for juvenile Chinook Salmon undergoing intracoelomic implantation were determined using blood analytes (Na super(+), K super(+), Ca super(2+)), blood pH, plasma cortisol, and survival immediately following anesthetic exposure (3, 6, 9, and 12 min on day 0) and over a recovery period (days 1, 7, and 14). In addition, effects were examined in surgically implanted and nonimplanted fish (but exposed to MS-222 for 3 min) over a 14-d recovery period. Regardless of anesthetic exposure time, there were no mortalities during exposure on day 0 or over the recovery period. On day 0, MS-222 exposure treatments of 9 and 12 min resulted in significantly higher Na super(+) and Ca super(2+) and lower K super(+), indicating a reduced ability to maintain osmotic balance; however, MS-222 effectively dampened the cortisol release following surgical implantation and anesthetic exposure. Cortisol concentration was significantly higher in surgically implanted fish than in those not surgically implanted over the recovery period. Given these results, we recommend MS-222 exposure (80 mg/L) times of 6 min or less for compliance programs and studies involving age-1 Chinook Salmon. In addition, we recommend for other monitoring programs, regardless of species, that maximum MS-222 exposure times are implemented to minimize stress and surgical effect and that exposure times are specific to a species' life stage to prevent overexposure and long-term effects. Furthermore, the knowledge of effects and the development of maximum exposure times are beneficial for hatchery programs, fish barging or transportation programs, and most studies in which fish behavior and physiological responses would need to be dampened using MS-222 without adverse side effects. Received January 22, 2014; accepted May 15, 2014 JF - North American Journal of Fisheries Management AU - Wagner, Katie A AU - Woodley, Christa M AU - Seaburg, Adam G AU - Skalski, John R AU - Eppard, MBrad AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Post Office Box 999, Richland, 99352, Washington, USA Y1 - 2014/07/04/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Jul 04 SP - 863 EP - 873 PB - American Fisheries Society, 5410 Grosvenor Ln. Bethesda MD 20814-2199 United States VL - 34 IS - 4 SN - 0275-5947, 0275-5947 KW - Ecology Abstracts; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Calcium KW - Hydrocortisone KW - Anaesthetics KW - Anadromous species KW - Survival KW - Anesthetics KW - Oncorhynchus tshawytscha KW - Hormones KW - Serological studies KW - Fishery management KW - Fishery surveys KW - pH effects KW - Abiotic factors KW - Mortality KW - Juveniles KW - Acoustics KW - Stress KW - Potassium KW - Developmental stages KW - Calcium (blood) KW - Hatcheries KW - Long-term effects KW - Blood KW - Side effects KW - Mortality causes KW - Q3 08582:Fish culture KW - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1560125271?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=North+American+Journal+of+Fisheries+Management&rft.atitle=Physiological+Stress+Responses+to+Prolonged+Exposure+to+MS-222+and+Surgical+Implantation+in+Juvenile+Chinook+Salmon&rft.au=Wagner%2C+Katie+A%3BWoodley%2C+Christa+M%3BSeaburg%2C+Adam+G%3BSkalski%2C+John+R%3BEppard%2C+MBrad&rft.aulast=Wagner&rft.aufirst=Katie&rft.date=2014-07-04&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=863&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=North+American+Journal+of+Fisheries+Management&rft.issn=02755947&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F02755947.2014.926303 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-26 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Juveniles; Blood; Serological studies; Anaesthetics; Fishery surveys; Anadromous species; Hormones; Mortality causes; Abiotic factors; Mortality; Hydrocortisone; Calcium; Acoustics; Anesthetics; Developmental stages; Potassium; Survival; Stress; Calcium (blood); Long-term effects; Hatcheries; Fishery management; pH effects; Side effects; Oncorhynchus tshawytscha DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02755947.2014.926303 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In vitro metabolism of benzo[a]pyrene and dibenzo[def,p]chrysene in rodent and human hepatic microsomes. AN - 1526736899; 24769260 AB - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous and often carcinogenic contaminants released into the environment during natural and anthropogenic combustion processes. Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) is the prototypical carcinogenic PAH, and dibenzo[def,p]chrysene (DBC) is a less prevalent, but highly potent transplacental carcinogenic PAH. Both are metabolically activated by isoforms of the cytochrome P450 enzyme superfamily to form reactive carcinogenic and cytotoxic metabolites. Metabolism of B[a]P and DBC was studied in hepatic microsomes of male Sprague-Dawley rats, naïve and pregnant female B6129SF1/J mice, and female humans, corresponding to available pharmacokinetic data. Michaelis-Menten saturation kinetic parameters including maximum rates of metabolism (VMAX, nmol/min/mg microsomal protein), affinity constants (KM, μM), and rates of intrinsic clearance (CLINT, ml/min/kg body weight) were calculated from substrate depletion data. CLINT was also estimated from substrate depletion data using the alternative in vitro half-life method. VMAX and CLINT were higher for B[a]P than DBC, regardless of species. Clearance for both B[a]P and DBC was highest in naïve female mice and lowest in female humans. Clearance rates of B[a]P and DBC in male rat were more similar to female human than to female mice. Clearance of DBC in liver microsomes from pregnant mice was reduced compared to naïve mice, consistent with reduced active P450 protein levels and elevated tissue concentrations and residence times for DBC observed in previous in vivo pharmacokinetic studies. These findings suggest that rats are a more appropriate model organism for human PAH metabolism, and that pregnancy's effects on metabolism should be further explored. JF - Toxicology letters AU - Crowell, S R AU - Hanson-Drury, S AU - Williams, D E AU - Corley, R A AD - Systems Toxicology and Exposure Science, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States. Electronic address: susan.crowell@pnnl.gov. ; Systems Toxicology and Exposure Science, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States. ; Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States. Y1 - 2014/07/03/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Jul 03 SP - 48 EP - 55 VL - 228 IS - 1 KW - Benzopyrenes KW - 0 KW - Carcinogens KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons KW - Benzo(a)pyrene KW - 3417WMA06D KW - dibenzo(a,l)pyrene KW - G3X629VE4A KW - Index Medicus KW - Benzo[a]pyrene KW - Intrinsic clearance KW - V(MAX) KW - Michaelis–Menten KW - Dibenzo[def,p]chrysene KW - K(M) KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Algorithms KW - Mice KW - Pregnancy KW - Rats KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Half-Life KW - Kinetics KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Data Interpretation, Statistical KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons -- metabolism KW - Female KW - Male KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Carcinogens -- metabolism KW - Microsomes, Liver -- metabolism KW - Carcinogens -- pharmacokinetics KW - Benzopyrenes -- pharmacokinetics KW - Benzopyrenes -- metabolism KW - Benzo(a)pyrene -- pharmacokinetics KW - Benzo(a)pyrene -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1526736899?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+letters&rft.atitle=In+vitro+metabolism+of+benzo%5Ba%5Dpyrene+and+dibenzo%5Bdef%2Cp%5Dchrysene+in+rodent+and+human+hepatic+microsomes.&rft.au=Crowell%2C+S+R%3BHanson-Drury%2C+S%3BWilliams%2C+D+E%3BCorley%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Crowell&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2014-07-03&rft.volume=228&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=48&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+letters&rft.issn=1879-3169&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.toxlet.2014.04.004 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2014-07-07 N1 - Date created - 2014-05-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 2006 Aug;21(4):257-76 [16946553] Cancer Res. 2006 Jan 15;66(2):755-62 [16424006] IARC Monogr Eval Carcinog Risks Hum. 2010;92:1-853 [21141735] J Environ Health. 2011 May;73(9):22-5 [21644482] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2011 Dec 15;257(3):365-76 [22001385] Cancer Lett. 2012 Apr 1;317(1):49-55 [22085489] Toxicol Sci. 2013 Sep;135(1):48-62 [23744095] Drug Metab Dispos. 1999 Nov;27(11):1350-9 [10534321] Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 2001;41:297-316 [11264459] Drug Metab Rev. 2001 Feb;33(1):1-35 [11270659] Oncogene. 2002 Oct 21;21(48):7435-51 [12379884] Cancer Sci. 2004 Jan;95(1):1-6 [14720319] Mol Pharmacol. 2004 May;65(5):1225-37 [15102951] J Org Chem. 2004 May 28;69(11):3979-82 [15153038] J Biol Chem. 2004 Jun 4;279(23):23847-50 [15028720] Cancer Res. 1982 Dec;42(12):4875-917 [6814745] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1992 Feb;112(2):245-56 [1539162] Chem Res Toxicol. 1994 Mar-Apr;7(2):125-9 [8199298] Toxicol Ind Health. 1997 Jul-Aug;13(4):407-84 [9249929] J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1997 Oct;283(1):46-58 [9336307] Carcinogenesis. 1998 Apr;19(4):639-48 [9600349] Drug Metab Rev. 1998 Aug;30(3):441-98 [9710703] Exp Mol Pathol. 2005 Feb;78(1):64-70 [15596063] Pediatrics. 2005 Sep;116(3):e432-5 [16140689] Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2008 Jul;1(2):128-34 [19138945] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2014.04.004 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A multi-model assessment of regional climate disparities caused by solar geoengineering AN - 1709168173; PQ0001859778 AB - Global-scale solar geoengineering is the deliberate modification of the climate system to offset some amount of anthropogenic climate change by reducing the amount of incident solar radiation at the surface. These changes to the planetary energy budget result in differential regional climate effects. For the first time, we quantitatively evaluate the potential for regional disparities in a multi-model context using results from a model experiment that offsets the forcing from a quadrupling of CO sub(2) via reduction in solar irradiance. We evaluate temperature and precipitation changes in 22 geographic regions spanning most of Earth's continental area. Moderate amounts of solar reduction (up to 85% of the amount that returns global mean temperatures to preindustrial levels) result in regional temperature values that are closer to preindustrial levels than an un-geoengineered, high CO sub(2) world for all regions and all models. However, in all but one model, there is at least one region for which no amount of solar reduction can restore precipitation toward its preindustrial value. For most metrics considering simultaneous changes in both variables, temperature and precipitation values in all regions are closer to the preindustrial climate for a moderate amount of solar reduction than for no solar reduction. JF - Environmental Research Letters AU - Kravitz, Ben AU - MacMartin, Douglas G AU - Robock, Alan AU - Rasch, Philip J AU - Ricke, Katharine L AU - Cole, Jason N S AU - Curry, Charles L AU - Irvine, Peter J AU - Ji, Duoying AU - Keith, David W AD - Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA, ben.kravitz@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2014/07// PY - 2014 DA - July 2014 SP - 1 EP - 7 PB - IOP Publishing, The Public Ledger Building, Suite 929 Philadelphia PA 19106 United States VL - 9 IS - 7 SN - 1748-9326, 1748-9326 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - geoengineering KW - GeoMIP KW - regional climate KW - climate modeling KW - Mean temperatures KW - Climate models KW - Rainfall KW - Solar models KW - Climate KW - Climate change KW - Temperature KW - Anthropogenic factors KW - Regional climates KW - Environmental research KW - Precipitation KW - Solar radiation KW - Energy budget KW - Anthropogenic climate changes KW - Climate effects KW - Solar irradiance KW - Energy KW - Carbon dioxide KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1709168173?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=A+multi-model+assessment+of+regional+climate+disparities+caused+by+solar+geoengineering&rft.au=Kravitz%2C+Ben%3BMacMartin%2C+Douglas+G%3BRobock%2C+Alan%3BRasch%2C+Philip+J%3BRicke%2C+Katharine+L%3BCole%2C+Jason+N+S%3BCurry%2C+Charles+L%3BIrvine%2C+Peter+J%3BJi%2C+Duoying%3BKeith%2C+David+W&rft.aulast=Kravitz&rft.aufirst=Ben&rft.date=2014-07-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.issn=17489326&rft_id=info:doi/10.1088%2F1748-9326%2F9%2F7%2F074013 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mean temperatures; Climate models; Solar models; Environmental research; Regional climates; Precipitation; Solar radiation; Anthropogenic climate changes; Energy budget; Solar irradiance; Energy; Rainfall; Climate change; Climate; Anthropogenic factors; Temperature; Carbon dioxide; Climate effects DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/9/7/074013 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Long-term evaluation of solid oxide fuel cell candidate materials in a 3-cell generic stack test fixture, part III: Stability and microstructure of Ce-(Mn,Co)-spinel coating, AISI441 interconnect, alumina coating, cathode and anode AN - 1554953754; 20218011 AB - A generic solid oxide fuel cell stack test fixture was developed to evaluate candidate materials and processing under realistic conditions. Part III of the work investigated the stability of Ce-(Mn,Co) spinel coating, AISI441 metallic interconnect, alumina coating, and cell's degradation. After 6000 h test, the spinel coating showed densification with some diffusion of Cr. At the metal interface, segregation of Si and Ti was observed, however, no continuous layer formed. The alumina coating for perimeter sealing areas appeared more dense and thick at the air side than the fuel side. Both the spinel and alumina coatings remained bonded. EDS analysis of Cr within the metal showed small decrease in concentration near the coating interface and would expect to cause no issue of Cr depletion. Inter-diffusion of Ni, Fe, and Cr between spot-welded Ni wire and AISI441 interconnect was observed and Cr-oxide scale formed along the circumference of the weld. The microstructure of the anode and cathode was discussed relating to degradation of the top and middle cells. Overall, the Ce-(Mn,Co) spinel coating, alumina coating, and AISI441 steel showed the desired long-term stability and the developed generic stack fixture proved to be a useful tool to validate candidate materials for SOFC. JF - Journal of Power Sources AU - Chou, Yeong-Shyung AU - Stevenson, Jeffry W AU - Choi, Jung-Pyung AD - K2-44, Energy and Efficiency Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P. O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99354, USA, yeong-shyung.chou@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2014/07/01/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Jul 01 SP - 444 EP - 453 PB - Elesevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 257 SN - 0378-7753, 0378-7753 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Sealing glass KW - AISI441 KW - Aluminization KW - (Mn,Co)-spinel KW - SOFC KW - Ferritic stainless steels KW - 441 KW - Fuel technology KW - Metals KW - Degradation KW - Fuels KW - Welding KW - Diffusion KW - Steel KW - Coatings KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1554953754?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.atitle=Long-term+evaluation+of+solid+oxide+fuel+cell+candidate+materials+in+a+3-cell+generic+stack+test+fixture%2C+part+III%3A+Stability+and+microstructure+of+Ce-%28Mn%2CCo%29-spinel+coating%2C+AISI441+interconnect%2C+alumina+coating%2C+cathode+and+anode&rft.au=Chou%2C+Yeong-Shyung%3BStevenson%2C+Jeffry+W%3BChoi%2C+Jung-Pyung&rft.aulast=Chou&rft.aufirst=Yeong-Shyung&rft.date=2014-07-01&rft.volume=257&rft.issue=&rft.spage=444&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.issn=03787753&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jpowsour.2013.11.086 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Metals; Fuel technology; Degradation; Fuels; Welding; Diffusion; Steel; Coatings DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.11.086 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fe(II)- and sulfide-facilitated reduction of (super 99) Tc(VII)O (sub 4-) in microbially reduced hyporheic zone sediments AN - 1553087981; 2014-062187 AB - Redox-reactive, biogeochemical phases generated by reductive microbial activity in hyporheic zone sediments from a dynamic groundwater-river interaction zone were evaluated for their ability to reduce soluble pertechnetate [ (super 99) Tc(VII)O (sub 4) (super -) ] to less soluble Tc(IV). The sediments were bioreduced by indigenous microorganisms that were stimulated by organic substrate addition in synthetic groundwater with or without sulfate. In most treatments, 20mu molL (super -1) initial aqueous Tc(VII) was reduced to near or below detection (3.82X10 (super -9) molL (super -1) ) over periods of days to months in suspensions of variable solids concentrations. Native sediments containing significant lithogenic Fe(II) in various phases were, in contrast, unreactive with Tc(VII). The reduction rates in the bioreduced sediments increased with increases in sediment mass, in proportion to weak acid-extractable Fe(II) and sediment-associated sulfide (AVS). The rate of Tc(VII) reduction was first order with respect to both aqueous Tc(VII) concentration and sediment mass, but correlations between specific reductant concentrations and reaction rate were not found. X-ray microprobe measurements revealed a strong correlation between Tc hot spots and Fe-containing mineral particles in the sediment. However, only a portion of Fe-containing particles were Tc-hosts. The Tc-hot spots displayed a chemical signature (by EDXRF) similar to pyroxene. The application of autoradiography and electron microprobe allowed further isolation of Tc-containing particles that were invariably found to be ca 100mu m aggregates of primary mineral material embedded within a fine-grained phyllosilicate matrix. EXAFS spectroscopy revealed that the Tc(IV) within these were a combination of a Tc(IV)O (sub 2) -like phase and Tc(IV)-Fe surface clusters, with a significant fraction of a TcS (sub x) -like phase in sediments incubated with SO (sub 4) (super 2-) . AVS was implicated as a more selective reductant at low solids concentration even though its concentration was below that required for stoichiometric reduction of Tc(VII). These results demonstrate that composite mineral aggregates may be redox reaction centers in coarse-textured hyporheic zone sediments regardless of the dominant anoxic biogeochemical processes. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Lee, Ji-Hoon AU - Zachara, John M AU - Fredrickson, James K AU - Heald, Steve M AU - McKinley, James P AU - Plymale, Andrew E AU - Resch, Charles T AU - Moore, Dean A Y1 - 2014/07/01/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Jul 01 SP - 247 EP - 264 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 136 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - United States KW - aggregate KW - rivers and streams KW - iron KW - ground water KW - XANES spectra KW - reactivity KW - sediments KW - X-ray fluorescence spectra KW - spectra KW - reduction KW - mineral assemblages KW - Eh KW - experimental studies KW - Columbia River KW - biochemistry KW - surface water KW - hyporheic zone KW - X-ray spectra KW - biogenic processes KW - microscope methods KW - metals KW - mathematical methods KW - EXAFS data KW - synchrotrons KW - sulfides KW - SEM data KW - microorganisms KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1553087981?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Fe%28II%29-+and+sulfide-facilitated+reduction+of+%28super+99%29+Tc%28VII%29O+%28sub+4-%29+in+microbially+reduced+hyporheic+zone+sediments&rft.au=Lee%2C+Ji-Hoon%3BZachara%2C+John+M%3BFredrickson%2C+James+K%3BHeald%2C+Steve+M%3BMcKinley%2C+James+P%3BPlymale%2C+Andrew+E%3BResch%2C+Charles+T%3BMoore%2C+Dean+A&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Ji-Hoon&rft.date=2014-07-01&rft.volume=136&rft.issue=&rft.spage=247&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2013.08.017 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 51 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2014-08-14 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aggregate; biochemistry; biogenic processes; Columbia River; Eh; EXAFS data; experimental studies; ground water; hyporheic zone; iron; mathematical methods; metals; microorganisms; microscope methods; mineral assemblages; reactivity; reduction; rivers and streams; sediments; SEM data; spectra; sulfides; surface water; synchrotrons; United States; X-ray fluorescence spectra; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2013.08.017 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of Mg (super 2+) on CaCO (sub 3) precipitation during subsurface reactive transport in a homogeneous silicon-etched pore network AN - 1553087730; 2014-062046 AB - Calcium carbonate (CaCO (sub 3) ) geochemical reactions exert a fundamental control on the evolution of porosity and permeability in shallow-to-deep subsurface siliciclastic and limestone rock reservoirs. As a result, these carbonate water-rock interactions play a critically important role in research on groundwater remediation, geological carbon sequestration, and hydrocarbon exploration. A study was undertaken to determine the effects of Mg (super 2+) concentration on CaCO (sub 3) crystal morphology, precipitation rate, and porosity occlusion under flow and mixing conditions similar to those in subsurface aquifers. This was accomplished by promoting CaCO (sub 3) precipitation through the mixing of two solutions flowing parallel to each other in a microfluidic pore structure, containing uniform concentrations of dissolved Ca (super 2+) and carbonate (CO (sub 3) (super 2-) ), and systematic variations in the concentration of Mg (super 2+) . Raman spectroscopy indicates that all three polymorphs of CaCO (sub 3) (calcite, aragonite, and vaterite) were present under all experimental conditions. Coordinated brightfield imaging results show the morphology of calcite with increasing Mg (super 2+) progressed from blocky and dogtooth approximately 10-80mu m in size, to anhedral spheroidal approximately 5-30mu m in size. The morphology of aragonite with increasing Mg (super 2+) progressed from shrubs and fuzzy dumbells to spheroidal, and the size increased from approximately 5-60mu m to 20-200mu m. Recrystallization was observed in all experiments, but more so at low Mg (super 2+) , in which many small microcrystals dissolved and re-precipitated as one or a few larger calcite crystals. Analysis of brightfield images indicates calcite is the most abundant polymorph under all conditions. However, the area of pore space with aragonite increased from 20% at the highest Mg (super 2+) concentration. The initial apparent precipitation rate of mineral polymorphs with no Mg (super 2+) present was 2.5 times greater than when 40mM Mg (super 2+) was added, and large (20-200mu m) aragonite crystals formed primarily near to and below the center mixing zone with increasing Mg (super 2+) concentration. Pore-scale modeling results are consistent with experiments, and indicate that all three polymorphs are thermodynamically favorable, with calcite and aragonite being the most favorable and having similar saturation ratios (SR>100). The influence of Mg (super 2+) on mineral precipitation rates is consistent with previous studies showing that calcite precipitation rates decrease with increasing Mg (super 2+) concentrations. The precipitation of aragonite below the center-mixing zone is not predicted by thermodynamic SRs, but is consistent with the literature and our modeling results showing aragonite precipitation is kinetically more favorable in regions with higher Mg (super 2+) /Ca (super 2+) ratios. Hence, both thermodynamic and kinetic constraints affect precipitation rates, the distribution of mineral polymorphs, and the corresponding extent of porosity occlusion. A tracer study demonstrated that mineral precipitation along the center-mixing zone under all experimental conditions led to substantial pore blockage. Imaging results suggest that with increasing Mg (super 2+) concentration, slower crystal growth rates will increase the time period before pore blockage occurs, and the transition to more spherical and larger aragonite crystals below the center mixing line will increase pore occlusion and decrease mixing. Hence, understanding how Mg (super 2+) affects calcium carbonate precipitation is very important for predicting mixing and reactive transport in subsurface reservoirs. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Boyd, Victoria AU - Yoon, Hongkyu AU - Zhang, Changyong AU - Oostrom, Mart AU - Hess, Nancy AU - Fouke, Bruce AU - Valocchi, Albert J AU - Werth, Charles J Y1 - 2014/06/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Jun 15 SP - 321 EP - 335 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 135 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - calcium KW - petroleum exploration KW - magnesium KW - petroleum KW - gas storage KW - aqueous solutions KW - reservoir rocks KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - air pollution KW - reactivity KW - sedimentary rocks KW - polymorphism KW - transport KW - calcium carbonate KW - spectra KW - water pollution KW - alkaline earth metals KW - experimental studies KW - carbon sequestration KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - X-ray spectra KW - porosity KW - Mg/Ca KW - EDS spectra KW - aquifers KW - models KW - Raman spectra KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - mathematical methods KW - reservoir properties KW - crystal chemistry KW - carbonate rocks KW - water resources KW - carbonates KW - permeability KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1553087730?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Influence+of+Mg+%28super+2%2B%29+on+CaCO+%28sub+3%29+precipitation+during+subsurface+reactive+transport+in+a+homogeneous+silicon-etched+pore+network&rft.au=Boyd%2C+Victoria%3BYoon%2C+Hongkyu%3BZhang%2C+Changyong%3BOostrom%2C+Mart%3BHess%2C+Nancy%3BFouke%2C+Bruce%3BValocchi%2C+Albert+J%3BWerth%2C+Charles+J&rft.aulast=Boyd&rft.aufirst=Victoria&rft.date=2014-06-15&rft.volume=135&rft.issue=&rft.spage=321&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2014.03.018 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 79 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2014-08-14 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air pollution; alkaline earth metals; aqueous solutions; aquifers; calcium; calcium carbonate; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; carbonate rocks; carbonates; crystal chemistry; EDS spectra; experimental studies; gas storage; ground water; magnesium; mathematical methods; metals; Mg/Ca; models; permeability; petroleum; petroleum exploration; pollutants; pollution; polymorphism; porosity; precipitation; Raman spectra; reactivity; remediation; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; sedimentary rocks; spectra; transport; water pollution; water resources; X-ray spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2014.03.018 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mercury cycling in agricultural and managed wetlands: a synthesis of methylmercury production, hydrologic export, and bioaccumulation from an integrated field study. AN - 1520344961; 24530187 AB - With seasonal wetting and drying, and high biological productivity, agricultural wetlands (rice paddies) may enhance the conversion of inorganic mercury (Hg(II)) to methylmercury (MeHg), the more toxic, organic form that biomagnifies through food webs. Yet, the net balance of MeHg sources and sinks in seasonal wetland environments is poorly understood because it requires an annual, integrated assessment across biota, sediment, and water components. We examined a suite of wetlands managed for rice crops or wildlife during 2007-2008 in California's Central Valley, in an area affected by Hg contamination from historic mining practices. Hydrologic management of agricultural wetlands for rice, wild rice, or fallowed - drying for field preparation and harvest, and flooding for crop growth and post-harvest rice straw decay - led to pronounced seasonality in sediment and aqueous MeHg concentrations that were up to 95-fold higher than those measured concurrently in adjacent, non-agricultural permanently-flooded and seasonally-flooded wetlands. Flooding promoted microbial MeHg production in surface sediment of all wetlands, but extended water residence time appeared to preferentially enhance MeHg degradation and storage. When incoming MeHg loads were elevated, individual fields often served as a MeHg sink, rather than a source. Slow, horizontal flow of shallow water in the agricultural wetlands led to increased importance of vertical hydrologic fluxes, including evapoconcentration of surface water MeHg and transpiration-driven advection into the root zone, promoting temporary soil storage of MeHg. Although this hydrology limited MeHg export from wetlands, it also increased MeHg exposure to resident fish via greater in situ aqueous MeHg concentrations. Our results suggest that the combined traits of agricultural wetlands - slow-moving shallow water, manipulated flooding and drying, abundant labile plant matter, and management for wildlife - may enhance microbial methylation of Hg(II) and MeHg exposure to local biota, as well as export to downstream habitats during uncontrolled winter-flow events. JF - The Science of the total environment AU - Windham-Myers, Lisamarie AU - Fleck, Jacob A AU - Ackerman, Joshua T AU - Marvin-DiPasquale, Mark AU - Stricker, Craig A AU - Heim, Wesley A AU - Bachand, Philip A M AU - Eagles-Smith, Collin A AU - Gill, Gary AU - Stephenson, Mark AU - Alpers, Charles N AD - U.S. Geological Survey, Western Region Branch of Regional Research, 345 Middlefield Road/MS 480, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA. Electronic address: lwindham@usgs.gov. ; U.S. Geological Survey, California Water Science Center, 6000 J St, Placer Hall, Sacramento, CA 95819, USA. Electronic address: jafleck@usgs.gov. ; U.S. Geological Survey, Western Ecological Research Center, Dixon Field Station, 800 Business Park Drive, Suite D, Dixon, CA 95620, USA. Electronic address: jackerman@usgs.gov. ; U.S. Geological Survey, Western Region Branch of Regional Research, 345 Middlefield Road/MS 480, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA. Electronic address: mmarvin@usgs.gov. ; U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins Science Center, Building 21, MS 963, Denver, CO 80225, USA. Electronic address: cstricker@usgs.gov. ; Moss Landing Marine Laboratories, 8272 Moss Landing Road, Moss Landing, CA 95039, USA. Electronic address: wheim@mlml.calstate.edu. ; Tetra Tech, 509 4th St., Suite D, Davis, CA 95616, USA. Electronic address: philip.bachand@tetratech.com. ; U.S. Geological Survey, Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA. Electronic address: ceagles-smith@usgs.gov. ; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Marine Sciences Laboratory, 1529 West Sequim Bay Road, Sequim, WA 98382, USA. Electronic address: gary.gill@pnnl.gov. ; Moss Landing Marine Laboratories, 8272 Moss Landing Road, Moss Landing, CA 95039, USA. Electronic address: mstephenson@mlml.calstate.edu. ; U.S. Geological Survey, California Water Science Center, 6000 J St, Placer Hall, Sacramento, CA 95819, USA. Electronic address: cnalpers@usgs.gov. Y1 - 2014/06/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Jun 15 SP - 221 EP - 231 VL - 484 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - 0 KW - Mercury KW - FXS1BY2PGL KW - Index Medicus KW - Rice KW - Bioaccumulation KW - Hydrology KW - Wetlands KW - Microbes KW - California KW - Food Chain KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Agriculture KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis KW - Mercury -- analysis KW - Ecological and Environmental Phenomena UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1520344961?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Science+of+the+total+environment&rft.atitle=Mercury+cycling+in+agricultural+and+managed+wetlands%3A+a+synthesis+of+methylmercury+production%2C+hydrologic+export%2C+and+bioaccumulation+from+an+integrated+field+study.&rft.au=Windham-Myers%2C+Lisamarie%3BFleck%2C+Jacob+A%3BAckerman%2C+Joshua+T%3BMarvin-DiPasquale%2C+Mark%3BStricker%2C+Craig+A%3BHeim%2C+Wesley+A%3BBachand%2C+Philip+A+M%3BEagles-Smith%2C+Collin+A%3BGill%2C+Gary%3BStephenson%2C+Mark%3BAlpers%2C+Charles+N&rft.aulast=Windham-Myers&rft.aufirst=Lisamarie&rft.date=2014-06-15&rft.volume=484&rft.issue=&rft.spage=221&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Science+of+the+total+environment&rft.issn=1879-1026&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.scitotenv.2014.01.033 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-09-30 N1 - Date created - 2014-04-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.01.033 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Concurrent photolytic degradation of aqueous methylmercury and dissolved organic matter. AN - 1520344355; 23642571 AB - Monomethyl mercury (MeHg) is a potent neurotoxin that threatens ecosystem viability and human health. In aquatic systems, the photolytic degradation of MeHg (photodemethylation) is an important component of the MeHg cycle. Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is also affected by exposure to solar radiation (light exposure) leading to changes in DOM composition that can affect its role in overall mercury (Hg) cycling. This study investigated changes in MeHg concentration, DOM concentration, and the optical signature of DOM caused by light exposure in a controlled field-based experiment using water samples collected from wetlands and rice fields. Filtered water from all sites showed a marked loss in MeHg concentration after light exposure. The rate of photodemethylation was 7.5×10(-3)m(2)mol(-1) (s.d. 3.5×10(-3)) across all sites despite marked differences in DOM concentration and composition. Light exposure also caused changes in the optical signature of the DOM despite there being no change in DOM concentration, indicating specific structures within the DOM were affected by light exposure at different rates. MeHg concentrations were related to optical signatures of labile DOM whereas the percent loss of MeHg was related to optical signatures of less labile, humic DOM. Relationships between the loss of MeHg and specific areas of the DOM optical signature indicated that aromatic and quinoid structures within the DOM were the likely contributors to MeHg degradation, perhaps within the sphere of the Hg-DOM bond. Because MeHg photodegradation rates are relatively constant across freshwater habitats with natural Hg-DOM ratios, physical characteristics such as shading and hydrologic residence time largely determine the relative importance of photolytic processes on the MeHg budget in these mixed vegetated and open-water systems. JF - The Science of the total environment AU - Fleck, Jacob A AU - Gill, Gary AU - Bergamaschi, Brian A AU - Kraus, Tamara E C AU - Downing, Bryan D AU - Alpers, Charles N AD - U.S. Geological Survey, California Water Science Center, 6000 J St., Placer Hall, Sacramento, CA 95819, USA. Electronic address: jafleck@usgs.gov. ; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Marine Sciences Laboratory, 1529 West Sequim Bay Road Sequim, WA 98382, USA. Electronic address: gary.gill@pnnl.gov. ; U.S. Geological Survey, California Water Science Center, 6000 J St., Placer Hall, Sacramento, CA 95819, USA. Electronic address: bbergama@usgs.gov. ; U.S. Geological Survey, California Water Science Center, 6000 J St., Placer Hall, Sacramento, CA 95819, USA. Electronic address: tkraus@usgs.gov. ; U.S. Geological Survey, California Water Science Center, 6000 J St., Placer Hall, Sacramento, CA 95819, USA. Electronic address: bdowning@usgs.gov. ; U.S. Geological Survey, California Water Science Center, 6000 J St., Placer Hall, Sacramento, CA 95819, USA. Electronic address: cnalpers@usgs.gov. Y1 - 2014/06/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Jun 15 SP - 263 EP - 275 VL - 484 KW - Methylmercury Compounds KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Mercury KW - FXS1BY2PGL KW - methylmercuric chloride KW - RWZ4L3O1X0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Photodemethylation KW - Methyl mercury KW - Fluorescence KW - DOM KW - Photodegradation KW - Optical properties KW - Photolysis KW - Mercury -- analysis KW - Wetlands KW - Models, Chemical KW - Mercury -- chemistry KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- chemistry KW - Methylmercury Compounds -- chemistry KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis KW - Methylmercury Compounds -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1520344355?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Science+of+the+total+environment&rft.atitle=Concurrent+photolytic+degradation+of+aqueous+methylmercury+and+dissolved+organic+matter.&rft.au=Fleck%2C+Jacob+A%3BGill%2C+Gary%3BBergamaschi%2C+Brian+A%3BKraus%2C+Tamara+E+C%3BDowning%2C+Bryan+D%3BAlpers%2C+Charles+N&rft.aulast=Fleck&rft.aufirst=Jacob&rft.date=2014-06-15&rft.volume=484&rft.issue=&rft.spage=263&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Science+of+the+total+environment&rft.issn=1879-1026&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.scitotenv.2013.03.107 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-09-30 N1 - Date created - 2014-04-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.03.107 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Wallula Fault and tectonic framework of south-central Washington, as interpreted from magnetic and gravity anomalies AN - 1560086711; 2014-066020 AB - The Yakima fold and thrust belt (YFTB) in central Washington has accommodated regional, mostly north-directed, deformation of the Cascadia backarc since prior to emplacement of Miocene flood basalt of the Columbia River Basalt Group (CRBG). The YFTB consists of two structural domains. Northern folds of the YFTB strike eastward and terminate at the western margin of a 20-mGal negative gravity anomaly, the Pasco gravity low, straddling the North American continental margin. Southern folds of the YFTB strike southeastward, form part of the Olympic-Wallowa lineament (OWL), and pass south of the Pasco gravity low as the Wallula fault zone. An upper crustal model based on gravity and magnetic anomalies suggests that the Pasco gravity low is caused in part by an 8-km-deep Tertiary basin, the Pasco sub-basin, abutting the continental margin and concealed beneath CRBG. The Pasco sub-basin is crossed by north-northwest-striking magnetic anomalies caused by dikes of the 8.5 Ma Ice Harbor Member of the CRBG. At their northern end, dikes connect with the eastern terminus of the Saddle Mountains thrust of the YFTB. At their southern end, dikes are disrupted by the Wallula fault zone. The episode of NE-SW extension that promoted Ice Harbor dike injection apparently involved strike-slip displacement on the Saddle Mountains and Wallula faults. The amount of lateral shear on the OWL impacts the level of seismic hazard in the Cascadia region. Ice Harbor dikes, as mapped with aeromagnetic data, are dextrally offset by the Wallula fault zone a total of 6.9 km. Assuming that dike offsets are tectonic in origin, the Wallula fault zone has experienced an average dextral shear of 0.8 mm/y since dike emplacement 8.5 Ma, consistent with right-lateral stream offsets observed at other locations along the OWL. Southeastward, the Wallula fault transfers strain to the north-striking Hite fault, the possible location of the M 5.7 Milton-Freewater earthquake in 1936. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Tectonophysics AU - Blakely, Richard J AU - Sherrod, Brian L AU - Weaver, Craig S AU - Wells, Ray E AU - Rohay, Alan C AU - Clark, David A Y1 - 2014/06/11/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Jun 11 SP - 32 EP - 45 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 624-625 SN - 0040-1951, 0040-1951 KW - United States KW - flood basalts KW - volcanic rocks KW - geophysical surveys KW - igneous rocks KW - Saddle Mountains KW - Olympic-Wallowa Lineament KW - strike-slip faults KW - Cenozoic KW - gravity methods KW - gravity anomalies KW - basalts KW - basins KW - tectonics KW - seismotectonics KW - faults KW - Pasco gravity low KW - systems KW - Washington KW - shear zones KW - lineaments KW - Milton-Freewater earthquake 1936 KW - geophysical methods KW - Columbia River Basalt Group KW - magnetic methods KW - magnetic anomalies KW - Hanford Site KW - south-central Washington KW - Miocene KW - Ice Harbor Dikes KW - Cascade Range KW - Tertiary KW - intrusions KW - dikes KW - Wallula Fault KW - Neogene KW - surveys KW - Yakima fold belt KW - fold and thrust belts KW - earthquakes KW - fault zones KW - 16:Structural geology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1560086711?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Tectonophysics&rft.atitle=The+Wallula+Fault+and+tectonic+framework+of+south-central+Washington%2C+as+interpreted+from+magnetic+and+gravity+anomalies&rft.au=Blakely%2C+Richard+J%3BSherrod%2C+Brian+L%3BWeaver%2C+Craig+S%3BWells%2C+Ray+E%3BRohay%2C+Alan+C%3BClark%2C+David+A&rft.aulast=Blakely&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2014-06-11&rft.volume=624-625&rft.issue=&rft.spage=32&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Tectonophysics&rft.issn=00401951&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.tecto.2013.11.006 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00401951 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 73 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-13 N1 - CODEN - TCTOAM N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - basalts; basins; Cascade Range; Cenozoic; Columbia River Basalt Group; dikes; earthquakes; fault zones; faults; flood basalts; fold and thrust belts; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; gravity anomalies; gravity methods; Hanford Site; Ice Harbor Dikes; igneous rocks; intrusions; lineaments; magnetic anomalies; magnetic methods; Milton-Freewater earthquake 1936; Miocene; Neogene; Olympic-Wallowa Lineament; Pasco gravity low; Saddle Mountains; seismotectonics; shear zones; south-central Washington; strike-slip faults; surveys; systems; tectonics; Tertiary; United States; volcanic rocks; Wallula Fault; Washington; Yakima fold belt DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2013.11.006 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Flow Partitioning in Fully Saturated Soil Aggregates AN - 1832641474; 696005-8 AB - Microbes play an important role in facilitating organic matter decomposition in soils, which is a major component of the global carbon cycle. Microbial dynamics are intimately coupled to environmental transport processes, which control access to labile organic matter and other nutrients that are needed for the growth and maintenance of microorganisms. Transport of soluble nutrients in the soil system is arguably most strongly impacted by preferential flow pathways in the soil. Since the physical structure of soils can be characterized as being formed from constituent micro-aggregates which contain internal porosity, one pressing question is the partitioning of the flow among the "inter-aggregate" and "intra-aggregate" pores and how this may impact overall solute transport within heterogeneous soil structures. The answer to this question is particularly important in evaluating assumptions to be used in developing upscaled simulations based on highly resolved mechanistic models. In our synthetic model of soils, firstly we statistically generated a number of micro-aggregates containing internal pores. Then we constructed a group of diverse multi-aggregate structures with different packing ratios by stacking those micro-aggregates and varying the size and shape of inter-aggregate pore spacing between them. We then performed pore-scale flow simulations using computational fluid dynamics methods to determine the flow patterns in these aggregate-of-aggregates structures and computed the partitioning of the flow through intra- and inter-aggregate pores as a function of the spacing between the aggregates. The results of these numerical experiments demonstrate that soluble nutrients are largely transported via flows through inter-aggregate pores. Although this result is consistent with intuition, we have also been able to quantify the relative flow capacity of the two domains under various conditions. For example, in our simulations, the flow capacity through the aggregates (intra-aggregate flow) was less than 2 % of the total flow when the spacing between the aggregates was larger than (sub InlineEquation ... (super . Inter-aggregate pores continued to be the dominant flow pathways even at much smaller spacing; intra-aggregate flow was less than 10 % of the total flow when the inter- and intra-aggregate pore sizes were comparable. Although the results may not be exactly the same as those obtained from actual soil systems, such studies are making it possible to identify which model upscaling assumptions are realistic and what computational methods are required for detailed numerical investigation of hydrodynamics and microbial carbon cycling dynamics in soil systems. Copyright 2014 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht JF - Transport in Porous Media AU - Yang, Xiaofan AU - Richmond, Marshall C AU - Scheibe, Timothy D AU - Perkins, William A AU - Resat, Haluk Y1 - 2014/06// PY - 2014 DA - June 2014 SP - 295 EP - 314 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 103 IS - 2 SN - 0169-3913, 0169-3913 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832641474?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.atitle=Flow+Partitioning+in+Fully+Saturated+Soil+Aggregates&rft.au=Yang%2C+Xiaofan%3BRichmond%2C+Marshall+C%3BScheibe%2C+Timothy+D%3BPerkins%2C+William+A%3BResat%2C+Haluk&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=Xiaofan&rft.date=2014-06-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=295&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.issn=01693913&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11242-014-0302-y L2 - http://springerlink.metapress.com/(l4tqdq55jga2hgb0achos1qm)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100342,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11242-014-0302-y ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Downscaling global land cover projections from an integrated assessment model for use in regional analyses: results and evaluation for the US from 2005 to 2095 AN - 1709175577; PQ0001859734 AB - Projections of land cover change generated from integrated assessment models (IAM) and other economic-based models can be applied for analyses of environmental impacts at sub-regional and landscape scales. For those IAM and economic models that project land cover change at the continental or regional scale, these projections must be downscaled and spatially distributed prior to use in climate or ecosystem models. Downscaling efforts to date have been conducted at the national extent with relatively high spatial resolution (30 m) and at the global extent with relatively coarse spatial resolution (0.5[degrees]). We revised existing methods to downscale global land cover change projections for the US to 0.05[degrees] resolution using MODIS land cover data as the initial proxy for land class distribution. Land cover change realizations generated here represent a reference scenario and two emissions mitigation pathways (MPs) generated by the global change assessment model (GCAM). Future gridded land cover realizations are constructed for each MODIS plant functional type (PFT) from 2005 to 2095, commensurate with the community land model PFT land classes, and archived for public use. The GCAM land cover realizations provide spatially explicit estimates of potential shifts in croplands, grasslands, shrublands, and forest lands. Downscaling of the MPs indicate a net replacement of grassland by cropland in the western US and by forest in the eastern US. An evaluation of the downscaling method indicates that it is able to reproduce recent changes in cropland and grassland distributions in respective areas in the US, suggesting it could provide relevant insights into the potential impacts of socio-economic and environmental drivers on future changes in land cover. JF - Environmental Research Letters AU - West, Tristram O AU - Le Page, Yannick AU - Huang, Maoyi AU - Wolf, Julie AU - Thomson, Allison M AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Joint Global Change Research Institute, 5825 University Research Court, College Park, Maryland 20740, USA, tristram.west@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2014/06// PY - 2014 DA - June 2014 SP - 1 EP - 15 PB - IOP Publishing, The Public Ledger Building, Suite 929 Philadelphia PA 19106 United States VL - 9 IS - 6 SN - 1748-9326, 1748-9326 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - earth system model KW - ecological forecasting KW - gridded future projections KW - land cover realizations KW - regional climate impacts KW - Grasslands KW - Agricultural land KW - Mitigation KW - Economic models KW - Climate KW - Landscape KW - Emissions KW - Environmental impact KW - Forests KW - Regional planning KW - Socioeconomics KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1709175577?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Downscaling+global+land+cover+projections+from+an+integrated+assessment+model+for+use+in+regional+analyses%3A+results+and+evaluation+for+the+US+from+2005+to+2095&rft.au=West%2C+Tristram+O%3BLe+Page%2C+Yannick%3BHuang%2C+Maoyi%3BWolf%2C+Julie%3BThomson%2C+Allison+M&rft.aulast=West&rft.aufirst=Tristram&rft.date=2014-06-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.issn=17489326&rft_id=info:doi/10.1088%2F1748-9326%2F9%2F6%2F064004 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Grasslands; Mitigation; Agricultural land; Economic models; Landscape; Climate; Environmental impact; Emissions; Socioeconomics; Regional planning; Forests DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/9/6/064004 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A sensitivity study on modeling black carbon in snow and its radiative forcing over the Arctic and Northern China AN - 1709165606; PQ0001859732 AB - Black carbon in snow (BCS) simulated in the Community Atmosphere Model (CAM5) is evaluated against measurements over Northern China and the Arctic, and its sensitivity to atmospheric deposition and two parameters that affect post-depositional enrichment is explored. Improvements in atmospheric BC transport and deposition significantly reduce the biases (by a factor of two) in the estimation of BCS concentration over both Northern China and the Arctic. Further sensitivity simulations using the improved CAM5 indicate that the melt-water scavenging efficiency (MSE) parameter plays an important role in regulating BC concentrations in the Arctic through the post-depositional enrichment, which not only drastically changes the amplitude but also shifts the seasonal cycle of the BCS concentration and its radiative forcing in the Arctic. The impact of the snow aging scaling factor (SAF) on BCS shows more complex latitudinal and seasonal dependence, and overall impact of SAF is much smaller than that of MSE. The improvements of BC transport and deposition in CAM5 have a stronger influence on BCS than perturbations of the two snow model parameters in Northern China. JF - Environmental Research Letters AU - Qian, Yun AU - Wang, Hailong AU - Zhang, Rudong AU - Flanner, Mark G AU - Rasch, Philip J AD - Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA, yun.qian@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2014/06// PY - 2014 DA - June 2014 SP - 1 EP - 10 PB - IOP Publishing, The Public Ledger Building, Suite 929 Philadelphia PA 19106 United States VL - 9 IS - 6 SN - 1748-9326, 1748-9326 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - black carbon KW - snow KW - radiative forcing KW - Arctic KW - Northern China KW - Sensitivity KW - Black carbon KW - Atmospheric pollution models KW - Snow KW - Aging KW - Simulation KW - Environmental research KW - Polar environments KW - Atmosphere KW - PN, Arctic KW - Pollutant deposition KW - Sulfur dioxide KW - Radiative forcing KW - Numerical simulations KW - China, People's Rep. KW - Seasonal variations KW - Scaling KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1709165606?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=A+sensitivity+study+on+modeling+black+carbon+in+snow+and+its+radiative+forcing+over+the+Arctic+and+Northern+China&rft.au=Qian%2C+Yun%3BWang%2C+Hailong%3BZhang%2C+Rudong%3BFlanner%2C+Mark+G%3BRasch%2C+Philip+J&rft.aulast=Qian&rft.aufirst=Yun&rft.date=2014-06-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.issn=17489326&rft_id=info:doi/10.1088%2F1748-9326%2F9%2F6%2F064001 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Radiative forcing; Atmospheric pollution models; Numerical simulations; Environmental research; Sensitivity; Pollutant deposition; Black carbon; Sulfur dioxide; Snow; Aging; Simulation; Polar environments; Atmosphere; Scaling; Seasonal variations; PN, Arctic; China, People's Rep. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/9/6/064001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A comparison of implantation methods for large PIT tags or injectable acoustic transmitters in juvenile Chinook salmon AN - 1676355974; PQ0001394163 AB - The miniaturization of acoustic transmitters may allow greater flexibility in terms of the size and species of fish available to tag. New downsized injectable acoustic tags similar in shape to passive integrated transponder tags can be rapidly injected rather than surgically implanted through a sutured incision. Before wide-scale field use of these injectable transmitters, standard protocols to ensure the most effective and least damaging methods of implantation must be developed. Three implantation methods were tested in various sizes of juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tschawytscha). Methods included a needle bevel-down injection, a needle bevel-up injection with a 90 degree rotation, and tag implantation through an unsutured incision. Tagged fish were compared to untagged control groups. Weight and wound area were measured at tagging and every week for 3 weeks; holding tanks were checked daily for mortalities and tag losses. No significant differences among treatments were found in tag loss, or survival, but wound area was significantly reduced among fish tagged via an incision and growth was slightly reduced in bevel down fish. Although there were no significant differences, the bevel-up injection trended toward having the worst results in terms of tag loss and wound area and had high mortality. Implantation through an incision resulted in the lowest tag loss but the highest mortality. Fish from the bevel-down treatment group had the least mortality and smaller wound areas than the bevel-up treatment group but also showed reduced growth. Cumulatively, the data suggest that the unsutured incision and bevel-down injection methods were the most effective; the drawbacks of both methods are described in detail. JF - Fisheries Research (Amsterdam) AU - Cook, Katrina V AU - Brown, Richard S AU - Daniel Deng, Z AU - Klett, Ryan S AU - Li, Huidong AU - Seaburg, Adam G AU - Brad Eppard, M AD - Ecology Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA Y1 - 2014/06// PY - 2014 DA - June 2014 SP - 213 EP - 223 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 154 SN - 0165-7836, 0165-7836 KW - Ecology Abstracts; ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Telemetry KW - Injection KW - Salmonid KW - Surgery KW - Tagging KW - Growth rate KW - Mortality KW - Juveniles KW - Data processing KW - Acoustics KW - Anadromous species KW - Stock assessment KW - Survival KW - Oncorhynchus tshawytscha KW - Wounds KW - Tags KW - Comparative studies KW - Fishery surveys KW - Oncorhynchus KW - Mortality causes KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology KW - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management KW - Q4 27720:Technology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1676355974?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fisheries+Research+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.atitle=A+comparison+of+implantation+methods+for+large+PIT+tags+or+injectable+acoustic+transmitters+in+juvenile+Chinook+salmon&rft.au=Cook%2C+Katrina+V%3BBrown%2C+Richard+S%3BDaniel+Deng%2C+Z%3BKlett%2C+Ryan+S%3BLi%2C+Huidong%3BSeaburg%2C+Adam+G%3BBrad+Eppard%2C+M&rft.aulast=Cook&rft.aufirst=Katrina&rft.date=2014-06-01&rft.volume=154&rft.issue=&rft.spage=213&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fisheries+Research+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.issn=01657836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.fishres.2013.11.006 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Growth rate; Juveniles; Comparative studies; Tags; Fishery surveys; Anadromous species; Stock assessment; Survival; Mortality causes; Mortality; Data processing; Acoustics; Wounds; Oncorhynchus; Oncorhynchus tshawytscha DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2013.11.006 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantifying barotrauma risk to juvenile fish during hydro-turbine passage AN - 1676350239; PQ0001394173 AB - We introduce a method for hydro turbine biological performance assessment (BioPA) to bridge the gap between field and laboratory studies on fish injury and turbine engineering design. Using this method, a suite of biological performance indicators is computed based on simulated data from a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of a proposed hydro turbine design. Each performance indicator is a measure of the probability of exposure to a certain dose of an injury mechanism. If the relationship between the dose of an injury mechanism (stressor) and frequency of injury (dose-response) is known from laboratory or field studies, the likelihood of fish injury for a turbine design can be computed from the performance indicator. By comparing the values of the indicators from various turbine designs, engineers and biologists can identify the more-promising designs and operating conditions to minimize hydraulic conditions hazardous to passing fish. In this paper, the BioPA method is applied to estimate barotrauma induced mortal injury rates for Chinook salmon exposed to rapid pressure changes in Kaplan-type hydro turbines. Following the description of the general method, application of the BioPA to estimate the probability of mortal injury from exposure to rapid decompression is illustrated using a Kaplan hydro turbine at the John Day Dam on the Columbia River in the Pacific Northwest region of the USA. The estimated rates of mortal injury increased from 0.3% to 1.7% as discharge through the turbine increased from 334 to 564m3/s for fish assumed to be acclimated to a depth of 5m. The majority of pressure nadirs occurred immediately below the runner blades, with the lowest values in the gap at the blade tips and just below the leading edge of the blades. Such information can help engineers focus on problem areas when designing new turbine runners to be more fish-friendly than existing units. JF - Fisheries Research (Amsterdam) AU - Richmond, Marshall C AU - Serkowski, John A AU - Ebner, Laurie L AU - Sick, Mirjam AU - Brown, Richard S AU - Carlson, Thomas J AD - Hydrology Group, Earth Systems Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States Y1 - 2014/06// PY - 2014 DA - June 2014 SP - 152 EP - 164 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 154 SN - 0165-7836, 0165-7836 KW - Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Turbine KW - Hydropower KW - Fish passage KW - Salmon KW - Barotrauma KW - Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) KW - Risk assessment KW - Hydraulics KW - Injuries KW - USA, Columbia R. KW - Performance assessment KW - Oncorhynchus tshawytscha KW - INE, USA, Pacific Northwest KW - Risks KW - Models KW - Dose-response effects KW - USA, Columbia R., John Day Dam KW - Pressure KW - Rivers KW - Biologists KW - Juveniles KW - Decompression KW - Data processing KW - USA, Pacific Northwest KW - River discharge KW - Computer applications KW - Identification KW - Turbines KW - Fluid dynamics KW - Fish KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q4 27790:Fish KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology KW - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management KW - R2 23010:General: Models, forecasting KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1676350239?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fisheries+Research+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.atitle=Quantifying+barotrauma+risk+to+juvenile+fish+during+hydro-turbine+passage&rft.au=Richmond%2C+Marshall+C%3BSerkowski%2C+John+A%3BEbner%2C+Laurie+L%3BSick%2C+Mirjam%3BBrown%2C+Richard+S%3BCarlson%2C+Thomas+J&rft.aulast=Richmond&rft.aufirst=Marshall&rft.date=2014-06-01&rft.volume=154&rft.issue=&rft.spage=152&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fisheries+Research+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.issn=01657836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.fishres.2014.01.007 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Juveniles; Turbines; Decompression; Injuries; River discharge; Fluid dynamics; Performance assessment; Identification; Risks; Rivers; Hydraulics; Data processing; Computer applications; Pressure; Models; Risk assessment; Salmon; Biologists; Dose-response effects; Fish; Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; USA, Pacific Northwest; USA, Columbia R.; USA, Columbia R., John Day Dam; INE, USA, Pacific Northwest DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2014.01.007 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparative Evaluation of Four Presumptive Tests for Blood to Detect Epithelial Injury on Fish AN - 1668258926; PQ0001246345 AB - Current methods of fish epithelial injury detection are limited to gross macroscopic examination that has a subjective bias as well as an inability to reliably quantify the degree of injury. Fluorescein, a presumptive test for blood, has been shown to have the capability to detect and quantify fish epithelial injury. However, there are several other presumptive tests for blood (Bluestar(C), phenolphthalein, and Hemastix(R)) that may have benefits over the use of fluorescein, particularly for field research on wild fish. This study investigated the capabilities of these four tests to detect and quantify a variety of injuries commonly encountered by fish (abrasion, cuts, fin frays, and punctures) using the freshwater bluegill Lepomis macrochirus as a model. Fluorescein was consistently found to be the most reliable (i.e., detected the highest proportion of true positive results and rarely detected false positive reactions) of the four presumptive tests for blood compared. Further testing was conducted to examine the reliability of fluorescein. By 24 h after an injury was inflicted, the injury was no longer detectable by fluorescein, and when fluorescein was applied to an injured fish, the fluorescein was no longer detectable 3 h after application. In a comparison of two common anaesthetics used in fisheries research, there was no significant difference in the proportion of injury detected when 3-aminobenzoic acid ethyl ester methanesulfate (tricaine) was used compared with a clove oil and ethanol (1:9) solution. In summary, fluorescein was the most reliable presumptive test for blood examined in this study for the detection and quantification of recent (hours) fish epithelial injury. JF - Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management AU - Colotelo, Alison H AU - Smokorowski, Karen E AU - Haxton, Tim AU - Cooke, Steven J AD - Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1S 5B6, alison.colotelo@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2014/06// PY - 2014 DA - June 2014 SP - 26 EP - 34 PB - U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service (Conservation Genetics Laboratory), 1011 E. Tudor Rd. Anchorage AK 99503 United States VL - 5 IS - 1 SN - 1944-687X, 1944-687X KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - fish injury detection KW - fluorescein KW - presumptive tests for blood KW - Wildlife management KW - Abrasion KW - Injuries KW - Anaesthetics KW - Freshwater environments KW - phenolphthalein KW - Anesthetics KW - Esters KW - Freshwater fish KW - Models KW - Oil KW - Blood KW - Fishery management KW - Lepomis macrochirus KW - Fisheries KW - Ethanol KW - Q1 08105:Research programmes, expeditions and vessels KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1668258926?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Fish+and+Wildlife+Management&rft.atitle=Comparative+Evaluation+of+Four+Presumptive+Tests+for+Blood+to+Detect+Epithelial+Injury+on+Fish&rft.au=Colotelo%2C+Alison+H%3BSmokorowski%2C+Karen+E%3BHaxton%2C+Tim%3BCooke%2C+Steven+J&rft.aulast=Colotelo&rft.aufirst=Alison&rft.date=2014-06-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=26&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Fish+and+Wildlife+Management&rft.issn=1944687X&rft_id=info:doi/10.3996%2F012012-JFWM-007 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Blood; Anaesthetics; Fishery management; Injuries; Fisheries; Freshwater fish; Wildlife management; Abrasion; Freshwater environments; phenolphthalein; Anesthetics; Esters; fluorescein; Models; Oil; Ethanol; Lepomis macrochirus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3996/012012-JFWM-007 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Redox-dependent solubility of technetium in low activity waste glass AN - 1562673173; 20535958 AB - The solubility of technetium was measured in a Hanford low activity waste (LAW) glass simulant, to investigate the extent that technetium solubility controls the incorporation of technetium into LAW glass. A series of LAW glass samples, spiked with 500- 6000 ppm of Tc as potassium pertechnetate, were melted at 1000 [degrees]C in sealed fused quartz ampoules. Technetium solubility was determined in the quenched bulk glass to be 2000-2800 ppm, with slightly reducing conditions due to choice of milling media resulting in reductant contamination and higher solubility. The chemical form of technetium obtained by X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy is mainly isolated, octahedrally-coordinated Tc(IV), with a minority of Tc(VII) in some glasses and TcO sub(2) in two glasses. The concentration and speciation of technetium depends on glass redox and amount of technetium added. Salts formed at the top of higher technetium loaded glasses during the melt. The results of this study show that technetium solubility should not be a factor in technetium retention during melting of Hanford LAW glass. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Soderquist, Chuck Z AU - Schweiger, Michael J AU - Kim, Dong-Sang AU - Lukens, Wayne W AU - McCloy, John S AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA, john.mccloy@wsu.edu Y1 - 2014/06// PY - 2014 DA - Jun 2014 SP - 173 EP - 180 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 449 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Salts KW - Technetium KW - USA, Washington, Hanford KW - Radioactive materials KW - Absorption KW - Potassium KW - Spectroscopy KW - P 9999:GENERAL POLLUTION KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1562673173?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Redox-dependent+solubility+of+technetium+in+low+activity+waste+glass&rft.au=Soderquist%2C+Chuck+Z%3BSchweiger%2C+Michael+J%3BKim%2C+Dong-Sang%3BLukens%2C+Wayne+W%3BMcCloy%2C+John+S&rft.aulast=Soderquist&rft.aufirst=Chuck&rft.date=2014-06-01&rft.volume=449&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=173&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2014.03.008 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Salts; Technetium; Radioactive materials; Absorption; Potassium; Spectroscopy; USA, Washington, Hanford DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.03.008 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of alteration product precipitation on glass dissolution AN - 1553089559; 2014-062243 AB - Understanding the mechanisms that control the durability of nuclear waste glass is paramount if reliable models are to be constructed so that the glass dissolution rate in a given geological repository can be calculated. Presently, it is agreed that (boro)silicate glasses dissolve in water at a rate dependent on the solution concentration of orthosilicic acid (H (sub 4) SiO (sub 4) ) with higher [H (sub 4) SiO (sub 4) ] leading to lower dissolution rates. Once the reaction has slowed as a result of the buildup of H (sub 4) SiO (sub 4) , another increase in the rate has been observed that corresponds to the precipitation of certain silica-bearing alteration products. However, it has also been observed that the concentration of silica-bearing solution species does not significantly decrease, indicating saturation, while other glass tracer elements concentrations continue to increase, indicating that the glass is still dissolving. In this study, we have used the Geochemist's Workbench code to investigate the relationship between glass dissolution rates and the precipitation rate of a representative zeolitic silica-bearing alteration product, analcime [Na(AlSi (sub 2) O (sub 6) ).H (sub 2) O]. To simplify the calculations, we suppressed all alteration products except analcime, gibbsite (Al(OH) (sub 3) ), and amorphous silica. The pseudo-equilibrium-constant matrix for amorphous silica was substituted for the glass pseudo-equilibrium-constant matrix because it has been shown that silicate glasses act as a silica-only solid with respect to kinetic considerations. In this article, we present the results of our calculations of the glass dissolution rate at different values for the analcime precipitation rate constant and the effects of varying the glass dissolution rate constant at a constant analcime precipitation rate constant. From the simulations we conclude, firstly, that the rate of glass dissolution is dependent on the kinetics of formation of the zeolitic phase. Therefore, the kinetics of secondary phase formation is an important parameter that should be taken into account in future glass dissolution modeling efforts. Secondly, the results indicate that, in the absence of a gel layer, the glass dissolution rate controls the rate of analcime precipitation in the long term. The meaning of these results pertinent to long-term glass durability is discussed. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Applied Geochemistry AU - Strachan, Denis M AU - Neeway, James J Y1 - 2014/06// PY - 2014 DA - June 2014 SP - 144 EP - 157 PB - Elsevier, Oxford-New York-Beijing VL - 45 SN - 0883-2927, 0883-2927 KW - silicates KW - hazardous waste KW - alteration KW - isotopes KW - radioactive waste KW - radioactive isotopes KW - water-rock interaction KW - Grambow models KW - zeolite group KW - framework silicates KW - thermodynamic properties KW - water pollution KW - kinetics KW - glass materials KW - GRAAL model KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - solubility KW - STORM model KW - models KW - precipitation KW - mathematical methods KW - analcime KW - waste disposal KW - crystal chemistry KW - chemical fractionation KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1553089559?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Effects+of+alteration+product+precipitation+on+glass+dissolution&rft.au=Strachan%2C+Denis+M%3BNeeway%2C+James+J&rft.aulast=Strachan&rft.aufirst=Denis&rft.date=2014-06-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=&rft.spage=144&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.issn=08832927&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.apgeochem.2014.03.013 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/08832927 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 118 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-08-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alteration; analcime; chemical fractionation; crystal chemistry; framework silicates; glass materials; GRAAL model; Grambow models; hazardous waste; isotopes; kinetics; mathematical methods; models; pollutants; pollution; precipitation; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; silicates; solubility; STORM model; thermodynamic properties; waste disposal; water pollution; water-rock interaction; zeolite group DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2014.03.013 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transport of perfluorocarbon tracers and carbon dioxide in sediment columns; evaluating the application of PFC tracers for CO (sub 2) leakage detection AN - 1553086807; 2014-062233 AB - Perfluorocarbon compounds (PFCs) have high chemical and thermal stability, low background levels in natural systems, and easy detectability. They are proposed as tracers for monitoring potential CO (sub 2) leakage associated with geological carbon sequestration (GCS). The fate of the PFCs in porous media, and in particular, the transport of these compounds relative to CO (sub 2) gas in geological formations, has not been thoroughly studied. We conducted column tests to study the transport of perfluoro-methylcyclo-pentane (PMCP), perfluoro-methylcyclo-hexane (PMCH), ortho-perfluoro-dimethylcyclo-hexane (ortho-PDCH), and perfluoro-trimethylcyclo-hexane (PTCH) gas tracers in a variety of porous media. The influence of water content and sediment minerals on the retardation of the tracers was tested. The transport of PFC tracers relative to (super 13) CO (sub 2) and the conservative tracer sulfur hexafluoride (SF (sub 6) ) was also investigated. Results show that at high water content, the PFCs and SF (sub 6) transported together. In dry and low-water-content sediments, however, the PFCs were retarded relative to SF (sub 6) with the degree of retardation increasing with the molecular weight of the PFC. When water was present in the medium, the transport of CO (sub 2) was greatly retarded compared to SF (sub 6) and the PFC tracers. However, in dry laboratory sediments, the migration of CO (sub 2) was slightly faster than all the tracers. The type of minerals in the sediments also had a significant impact on the fate of the tracers. In order to use the PFC tracer data obtained from the ground surface or shallow subsurface in a GCS site to precisely interpret the extent and magnitude of CO (sub 2) leakage, the retardation of the tracers and the interaction of CO (sub 2) with the reservoir overlying formation water should be carefully quantified. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Applied Geochemistry AU - Zhong, L AU - Amonette, J E AU - Mitroshkov, A V AU - Olsen, K B Y1 - 2014/06// PY - 2014 DA - June 2014 SP - 25 EP - 32 PB - Elsevier, Oxford-New York-Beijing VL - 45 SN - 0883-2927, 0883-2927 KW - isotopes KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - unsaturated zone KW - gas storage KW - stable isotopes KW - seepage KW - reservoir rocks KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - carbon KW - tracers KW - water pollution KW - experimental studies KW - carbon sequestration KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - alkanes KW - organic compounds KW - detection KW - hexane KW - hydrocarbons KW - PFCs KW - reservoir properties KW - C-13 KW - perfluorocarbon compounds KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1553086807?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Transport+of+perfluorocarbon+tracers+and+carbon+dioxide+in+sediment+columns%3B+evaluating+the+application+of+PFC+tracers+for+CO+%28sub+2%29+leakage+detection&rft.au=Zhong%2C+L%3BAmonette%2C+J+E%3BMitroshkov%2C+A+V%3BOlsen%2C+K+B&rft.aulast=Zhong&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2014-06-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=&rft.spage=25&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.issn=08832927&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.apgeochem.2014.02.016 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/08832927 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 48 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-08-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; C-13; carbon; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; detection; experimental studies; gas storage; ground water; hexane; hydrocarbons; isotopes; organic compounds; perfluorocarbon compounds; PFCs; pollutants; pollution; porous materials; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; seepage; stable isotopes; tracers; unsaturated zone; water pollution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2014.02.016 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Formation of submicron magnesite during reaction of natural forsterite in H (sub 2) O-saturated supercritical CO (sub 2) AN - 1545407971; 2014-055482 AB - Natural forsterite was reacted in bulk liquid water saturated with supercritical CO (sub 2) (scCO (sub 2) ) and scCO (sub 2) saturated with water at 35-80 degrees C and 90 atm. The solid reaction products were analyzed with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and confocal Raman spectroscopy. Two carbonate phases, nesquehonite (MgCO (sub 3) .3H (sub 2) O) and magnesite (MgCO (sub 3) ), were identified with the proportions of the two phases depending on experimental conditions. In liquid water saturated with scCO (sub 2) , nesquehonite was the dominant carbonate phase at 35-80 degrees C with only a limited number of large, micron size magnesite particles forming at the highest temperature, 80 degrees C. In contrast, in scCO (sub 2) saturated with H (sub 2) O magnesite formation was identified at all three temperatures: 35, 50, and 80 degrees C. Magnesite was the dominant carbonation reaction product at 50 and 80 degrees C, but nesquehonite was dominant at 35 degrees C. The magnesite particles formed under scCO (sub 2) saturated with H (sub 2) O conditions exhibited an extremely uniform submicron grain-size and nearly identical rhombohedral morphologies at all temperatures. The distribution and form of the particles were not consistent with nucleation and growth on the forsterite surface. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Qafoku, Odeta AU - Hu, Jianzhi AU - Hess, Nancy J AU - Hu, Mary Y AU - Ilton, Eugene S AU - Feng, Ju AU - Arey, Bruce W AU - Felmy, Andrew R Y1 - 2014/06/01/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Jun 01 SP - 197 EP - 209 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 134 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - water KW - silicates KW - experimental studies KW - isotopes KW - magnesite KW - olivine group KW - crystal growth KW - NMR spectra KW - forsterite KW - carbon dioxide KW - nesosilicates KW - Raman spectra KW - nucleation KW - chemical reactions KW - water-rock interaction KW - saturation KW - orthosilicates KW - spectra KW - thermodynamic properties KW - crystal chemistry KW - carbonates KW - SEM data KW - P-T conditions KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1545407971?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Formation+of+submicron+magnesite+during+reaction+of+natural+forsterite+in+H+%28sub+2%29+O-saturated+supercritical+CO+%28sub+2%29&rft.au=Qafoku%2C+Odeta%3BHu%2C+Jianzhi%3BHess%2C+Nancy+J%3BHu%2C+Mary+Y%3BIlton%2C+Eugene+S%3BFeng%2C+Ju%3BArey%2C+Bruce+W%3BFelmy%2C+Andrew+R&rft.aulast=Qafoku&rft.aufirst=Odeta&rft.date=2014-06-01&rft.volume=134&rft.issue=&rft.spage=197&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2013.09.024 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 75 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-17 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon dioxide; carbonates; chemical reactions; crystal chemistry; crystal growth; experimental studies; forsterite; isotopes; magnesite; nesosilicates; NMR spectra; nucleation; olivine group; orthosilicates; P-T conditions; Raman spectra; saturation; SEM data; silicates; spectra; thermodynamic properties; water; water-rock interaction DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2013.09.024 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Kinetics and mechanisms of cadmium carbonate heteroepitaxial growth at the calcite (1014) surface AN - 1545407947; 2014-055484 AB - Elucidating the kinetics and mechanisms of heteroepitaxial nucleation and growth at mineral-water interfaces is essential to understanding surface reactivity in geochemical systems. In the present work, the formation of heteroepitaxial cadmium carbonate coatings at calcite-water interfaces was investigated by exposing calcite (1014) surfaces to Cd-bearing aqueous solutions. In situ atomic force microscopy (AFM) was employed as the primary technique. The AFM results indicate that the heteroepitaxial growth of cadmium carbonate proceeds via three different mechanisms depending on the initial supersaturation of the aqueous solution: advancement of existing steps, nucleation and growth of three-dimensional (3D) islands, and nucleation and spread of two-dimensional (2D) nuclei. The 3D islands and 2D nuclei exhibit different morphologies and growth kinetics. The effects of supersaturation on heteroepitaxial growth mechanisms can be interpreted in terms of the free energy barrier for nucleation. At low initial supersaturation, where 3D nucleation dominates, it is hypothesized, from the growth rate and morphology of the 3D islands observed with AFM, that the crystallization of the overgrowth follows a non-classical pathway involving the formation of a surface precursor that is not fully crystalline, whereas high supersaturation favors the formation of crystalline 2D nuclei whose morphology is based on the atomic structure of the calcite substrate. Cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images reveal that the atomic structure of the interface between the cadmium carbonate coating and calcite shows perfect, dislocation-free epitaxy. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Xu, Man AU - Kovarik, Libor AU - Arey, Bruce W AU - Felmy, Andrew R AU - Rosso, Kevin M AU - Kerisit, Sebastien Y1 - 2014/06/01/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Jun 01 SP - 221 EP - 233 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 134 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - surface properties KW - experimental studies KW - three-dimensional models KW - cadmium carbonate KW - crystal growth KW - aqueous solutions KW - TEM data KW - calcite KW - reactivity KW - atomic force microscopy data KW - nucleation KW - water-rock interaction KW - saturation KW - calcium carbonate KW - crystal chemistry KW - kinetics KW - carbonates KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1545407947?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Kinetics+and+mechanisms+of+cadmium+carbonate+heteroepitaxial+growth+at+the+calcite+%281014%29+surface&rft.au=Xu%2C+Man%3BKovarik%2C+Libor%3BArey%2C+Bruce+W%3BFelmy%2C+Andrew+R%3BRosso%2C+Kevin+M%3BKerisit%2C+Sebastien&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=Man&rft.date=2014-06-01&rft.volume=134&rft.issue=&rft.spage=221&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2013.11.036 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 68 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-17 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aqueous solutions; atomic force microscopy data; cadmium carbonate; calcite; calcium carbonate; carbonates; crystal chemistry; crystal growth; experimental studies; kinetics; nucleation; reactivity; saturation; surface properties; TEM data; three-dimensional models; water-rock interaction DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2013.11.036 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High-performance anode based on porous Co sub(3)O sub(4) nanodiscs AN - 1544011856; 20113424 AB - In this article, two-dimensional, Co sub(3)O sub(4) hexagonal nanodiscs are prepared using a hydrothermal method without surfactants. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) have been employed to characterize the structural properties. As revealed by the SEM and TEM experiments, the thickness of our as-fabricated Co sub(3)O sub(4) hexagonal nanodiscs is about 20 nm, and the pore diameters range from several nanometers to 30 nm. As an anode for lithium-ion batteries, porous Co sub(3)O sub(4) nanodiscs exhibit an average discharge voltage of ~1 V (vs. Li/Li+) and a high specific charge capacity of 1161 mAh g super(-1) after 100 cycles. They also demonstrate excellent rate performance and high Columbic efficiency at various rates. These results indicate that porous Co sub(3)O sub(4) nanodiscs are good candidates as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. JF - Journal of Power Sources AU - Pan, Anqiang AU - Wang, Yaping AU - Xu, Wu AU - Nie, Zhiwei AU - Liang, Shuquan AU - Nie, Zimin AU - Wang, Chongmin AU - Cao, Guozhong AU - Zhang, Ji-Guang AD - School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA, pananqiang@gmail.com Y1 - 2014/06/01/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Jun 01 SP - 125 EP - 129 PB - Elesevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 255 SN - 0378-7753, 0378-7753 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Cobalt oxide KW - Hydrothermal KW - Lithium-ion batteries KW - Hexagonal nanodiscs KW - Anode KW - Batteries KW - Microscopy KW - X-ray diffraction KW - Surfactants KW - ENA 09:Land Use & Planning UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1544011856?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.atitle=High-performance+anode+based+on+porous+Co+sub%283%29O+sub%284%29+nanodiscs&rft.au=Pan%2C+Anqiang%3BWang%2C+Yaping%3BXu%2C+Wu%3BNie%2C+Zhiwei%3BLiang%2C+Shuquan%3BNie%2C+Zimin%3BWang%2C+Chongmin%3BCao%2C+Guozhong%3BZhang%2C+Ji-Guang&rft.aulast=Pan&rft.aufirst=Anqiang&rft.date=2014-06-01&rft.volume=255&rft.issue=&rft.spage=125&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.issn=03787753&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jpowsour.2013.12.131 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Batteries; Microscopy; X-ray diffraction; Surfactants DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.12.131 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Long-term evaluation of solid oxide fuel cell candidate materials in a 3-cell generic short stack fixture, part I: Test fixture, sealing, and electrochemical performance AN - 1544004798; 20113408 AB - A generic solid oxide fuel cell stack test fixture was developed to evaluate candidate materials and processing under realistic conditions. A NiO-YSZ anode-supported YSZ electrolyte cell with a composite cathode was used to evaluate the long-term stability of a sealing system, alumina coating, Ce-modified (Mn,Co)-spinel coating, ferritic stainles steel AISI441 interconnect metal, and current collectors. A 3-cell short stack was assembled and tested in constant current mode for 6000 h at 800 [degrees]C. Part I of the work addresses the stack fixture design, cell components, sealing system, cell performance, and post-mortem analysis. Parts II and III will discuss microstructure evolution, interfacial reactions, and degradation mechanisms. During 6000 h of testing, the top cell showed very low degradation (~1.4% kh super(-1)), while the middle and bottom cells exhibited much higher degradation after ~2000 h. The rapid cell degradation was correlated to the open circuit voltage measurements and was attributed to glass seal failure, probably due to unbalanced stress conditions. Post-mortem analysis showed a characteristic yellowish color around the glass seal, suggesting formation of SrCrO sub(4). Overall the developed stack test fixture was demonstrated as a simple and useful tool for evaluation of SOFC candidate materials in realistic conditions. JF - Journal of Power Sources AU - Chou, Yeong-Shyung AU - Stevenson, Jeffry W AU - Choi, Jung-Pyung AD - K2-44, Energy and Efficiency Division, PNNL, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99354, USA, yeong-shyung.chou@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2014/06/01/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Jun 01 SP - 1 EP - 8 PB - Elesevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 255 SN - 0378-7753, 0378-7753 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Sealing glass KW - AISI441 KW - Aluminization KW - (Mn,Co)-spinel KW - SOFC KW - Ferritic stainless steels KW - 441 KW - Fuel technology KW - Metals KW - Composite materials KW - Electrolytes KW - Degradation KW - Stress KW - Steel KW - Electrochemistry KW - Coatings KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1544004798?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.atitle=Long-term+evaluation+of+solid+oxide+fuel+cell+candidate+materials+in+a+3-cell+generic+short+stack+fixture%2C+part+I%3A+Test+fixture%2C+sealing%2C+and+electrochemical+performance&rft.au=Chou%2C+Yeong-Shyung%3BStevenson%2C+Jeffry+W%3BChoi%2C+Jung-Pyung&rft.aulast=Chou&rft.aufirst=Yeong-Shyung&rft.date=2014-06-01&rft.volume=255&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.issn=03787753&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jpowsour.2013.12.067 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Composite materials; Metals; Fuel technology; Electrolytes; Degradation; Stress; Steel; Electrochemistry; Coatings DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.12.067 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of a risk-based comparison methodology of carbon capture technologies AN - 1543997629; 20166143 AB - Given the varying degrees of maturity among existing carbon capture (CC) technology alternatives, an understanding of the inherent technical and financial risk and uncertainty associated with these competing technologies is requisite to the success of carbon capture as a viable solution to the greenhouse gas emission challenge. The availability of tools and capabilities to conduct rigorous, risk-based technology comparisons is thus highly desirable for directing valuable resources toward the technology option(s) with a high return on investment, superior carbon capture performance, and minimum risk. To address this research need, we introduce a novel risk-based technology comparison method supported by an integrated multi-domain risk model set to estimate risks related to technological maturity, technical performance, and profitability. Through a comparison between solid sorbent and liquid solvent systems, we illustrate the feasibility of estimating risk and quantifying uncertainty in a single domain (modular analytical capability) as well as across multiple risk dimensions (coupled analytical capability) for comparison. This method brings technological maturity and performance to bear on profitability projections, and carries risk and uncertainty modeling across domains via inter-model sharing of parameters, distributions, and input/output. The integration of the models facilitates multidimensional technology comparisons within a common probabilistic risk analysis framework. This approach and model set can equip potential technology adopters with the necessary computational capabilities to make risk-informed decisions about CC technology investment. The method and modeling effort can also be extended to other industries where robust tools and analytical capabilities are currently lacking for evaluating nascent technologies. JF - Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology AU - Engel, Dave AU - Dalton, Angela AU - Dale, Crystal AU - Thompson, Julia AU - Leclaire, Rene AU - Edwards, Bryan AU - Jones, Ed AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. Y1 - 2014/06// PY - 2014 DA - Jun 2014 SP - 316 EP - 330 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD United Kingdom VL - 4 IS - 3 SN - 2152-3878, 2152-3878 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Feasibility studies KW - Risk analysis KW - Sorbents KW - Economics KW - Emissions KW - Solvents KW - Maturity KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Science and technology KW - Technology KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M2 551.5:General (551.5) KW - ENA 20:Weather Modification & Geophysical Change KW - R2 23070:Economics, organization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1543997629?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Greenhouse+Gases%3A+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Development+of+a+risk-based+comparison+methodology+of+carbon+capture+technologies&rft.au=Engel%2C+Dave%3BDalton%2C+Angela%3BDale%2C+Crystal%3BThompson%2C+Julia%3BLeclaire%2C+Rene%3BEdwards%2C+Bryan%3BJones%2C+Ed&rft.aulast=Engel&rft.aufirst=Dave&rft.date=2014-06-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=316&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Greenhouse+Gases%3A+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=21523878&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fghg.1422 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-08-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Greenhouse gases; Science and technology; Feasibility studies; Sorbents; Risk analysis; Economics; Solvents; Emissions; Maturity; Technology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ghg.1422 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relationship between anisotropy in soil hydraulic conductivity and saturation AN - 1542647631; 2014-048980 AB - Anisotropy in unsaturated hydraulic conductivity is saturation-dependent. Accurate characterization of soil anisotropy is very important in simulating flow and contaminant transport (e.g., radioactive nuclides at the U.S. Department of Energy's Hanford Site). A tensorial connectivity-tortuosity (TCT) concept describes the hydraulic conductivity tensor of the unsaturated anisotropic soils as the product of a scalar variable, the symmetric connectivity tortuosity tensor, and the saturated hydraulic conductivity tensor. In this study, a model based on the TCT concept is used to quantify soil anisotropy in unsaturated hydraulic conductivity. The TCT model can describe different types of soil anisotropy; for example, the anisotropy coefficient can monotonically increase or decrease with saturation and can vary from greater than unity to less than unity and vice versa. Soil anisotropy is independent of soil water retention properties and can be characterized by the ratio of the saturated hydraulic conductivities and the difference of the tortuosity-connectivity coefficients in two directions. The anisotropy coefficient is log-linearly proportional to the effective saturation. This log-linear relationship allows the saturation-dependent anisotropy to be determined using regression with the measurements of the directional hydraulic conductivities at a minimum of two water content levels, one of which may be at full saturation. The model was tested using measured or simulated directional hydraulic conductivities. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Zhang, Z Fred Y1 - 2014/06// PY - 2014 DA - June 2014 SP - 8 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 13 IS - 6 KW - United States KW - soils KW - experimental studies KW - anisotropic materials KW - numerical models KW - isotropic materials KW - connectivity KW - unsaturated zone KW - tortuosity KW - equations KW - tensors KW - petroleum products KW - tensorial conductivity KW - quantitative analysis KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - anisotropy KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1542647631?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Relationship+between+anisotropy+in+soil+hydraulic+conductivity+and+saturation&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Z+Fred&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Z&rft.date=2014-06-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fvzj2013.09.0172 L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Soil Science Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anisotropic materials; anisotropy; connectivity; equations; experimental studies; hydraulic conductivity; isotropic materials; numerical models; petroleum products; quantitative analysis; soils; tensorial conductivity; tensors; tortuosity; United States; unsaturated zone DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/vzj2013.09.0172 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling the Effects of Groundwater-Fed Irrigation on Terrestrial Hydrology over the Conterminous United States AN - 1540226478; 20112366 AB - Human alteration of the land surface hydrologic cycle is substantial. Recent studies suggest that local water management practices including groundwater pumping and irrigation could significantly alter the quantity and distribution of water in the terrestrial system, with potential impacts on weather and climate through land-atmosphere feedbacks. In this study, the authors incorporated a groundwater withdrawal scheme into the Community Land Model, version 4 (CLM4). To simulate the impact of irrigation realistically, they calibrated the CLM4 simulated irrigation amount against observations from agriculture censuses at the county scale over the conterminous United States. The water used for irrigation was then removed from the surface runoff and groundwater aquifer according to a ratio determined from the county-level agricultural census data. On the basis of the simulations, the impact of groundwater withdrawals for irrigation on land surface and subsurface fluxes were investigated. The results suggest that the impacts of irrigation on latent heat flux and potential recharge when water is withdrawn from surface water alone or from both surface and groundwater are comparable and local to the irrigation areas. However, when water is withdrawn from groundwater for irrigation, greater effects on the subsurface water balance are found, leading to significant depletion of groundwater storage in regions with low recharge rate and high groundwater exploitation rate. The results underscore the importance of local hydrologic feedbacks in governing hydrologic response to anthropogenic change in CLM4 and the need to more realistically simulate the two-way interactions among surface water, groundwater, and atmosphere to better understand the impacts of groundwater pumping on irrigation efficiency and climate. JF - Journal of Hydrometeorology AU - Leng, Guoyong AU - Huang, Maoyi AU - Tang, Qiuhong AU - Gao, Huilin AU - Leung, LRuby AD - Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, and Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China Y1 - 2014/06// PY - 2014 DA - June 2014 SP - 957 EP - 972 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 United States VL - 15 IS - 3 SN - 1525-755X, 1525-755X KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Selective Withdrawal KW - Aquifers KW - Aquifer KW - Groundwater storage KW - Groundwater Mining KW - Climate change KW - Groundwater recharge KW - Hydrologic Models KW - Surface runoff KW - Pumping KW - Groundwater Management KW - Agricultural runoff KW - Heat flux KW - Groundwater Irrigation KW - Quantitative distribution KW - Irrigation efficiency KW - Groundwater withdrawal KW - Irrigation KW - Environmental impact KW - Hydrologic cycle KW - Water balance KW - USA KW - Hydrometeorological research KW - Surface-groundwater Relations KW - Numerical simulations KW - Water management KW - Groundwater KW - Latent heat flux KW - Groundwater Recharge KW - Subsurface water KW - Q2 09242:Observations and measurements at sea KW - SW 1030:Use of water of impaired quality KW - M2 556:General (556) KW - AQ 00006:Sewage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1540226478?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrometeorology&rft.atitle=Modeling+the+Effects+of+Groundwater-Fed+Irrigation+on+Terrestrial+Hydrology+over+the+Conterminous+United+States&rft.au=Leng%2C+Guoyong%3BHuang%2C+Maoyi%3BTang%2C+Qiuhong%3BGao%2C+Huilin%3BLeung%2C+LRuby&rft.aulast=Leng&rft.aufirst=Guoyong&rft.date=2014-06-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=957&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrometeorology&rft.issn=1525755X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2FJHM-D-13-049.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-06-01 N1 - Number of references - 60 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aquifer; Quantitative distribution; Water management; Climate change; Irrigation; Environmental impact; Pumping; Agricultural runoff; Subsurface water; Aquifers; Heat flux; Groundwater storage; Irrigation efficiency; Groundwater withdrawal; Hydrologic cycle; Water balance; Groundwater recharge; Hydrometeorological research; Numerical simulations; Surface runoff; Latent heat flux; Selective Withdrawal; Hydrologic Models; Groundwater Irrigation; Surface-groundwater Relations; Groundwater Mining; Groundwater; Groundwater Recharge; Groundwater Management; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JHM-D-13-049.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Myeloablative I-131-tositumomab with escalating doses of fludarabine and autologous hematopoietic transplantation for adults age ≥ 60 years with B cell lymphoma. AN - 1524174523; 24530971 AB - Myeloablative therapy and autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) are underutilized in older patients with B cell non-Hodgkin (B-NHL) lymphoma. We hypothesized that myeloablative doses of (131)I-tositumomab could be augmented by concurrent fludarabine, based on preclinical data indicating synergy. Patients were ≥ 60 years of age and had high-risk, relapsed, or refractory B-NHL. Therapeutic infusions of (131)I-tositumomab were derived from individualized organ-specific absorbed dose estimates delivering ≤ 27 Gy to critical organs. Fludarabine was initiated 72 hours later followed by ASCT to define the maximally tolerated dose. Thirty-six patients with a median age of 65 years (range, 60 to 76), 2 (range, 1 to 9) prior regimens, and 33% with chemoresistant disease were treated on this trial. Dose-limiting organs included lung (30), kidney (4), and liver (2) with a median administered (131)I activity of 471 mCi (range, 260 to 1620). Fludarabine was safely escalated to 30 mg/m(2) × 7 days. Engraftment was prompt, there were no early treatment-related deaths, and 2 patients had ≥ grade 4 nonhematologic toxicities. The estimated 3-year overall survival, progression-free survival, and nonrelapse mortality were 54%, 53%, and 7%, respectively (median follow up of 3.9 years). Fludarabine up to 210 mg/m(2) can be safely delivered with myeloablative (131)I-tositumomab and ASCT in older adults with B-NHL. JF - Biology of blood and marrow transplantation : journal of the American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation AU - Gopal, Ajay K AU - Gooley, Ted A AU - Rajendran, Joseph G AU - Pagel, John M AU - Fisher, Darrell R AU - Maloney, David G AU - Appelbaum, Frederick R AU - Cassaday, Ryan D AU - Shields, Andrew AU - Press, Oliver W AD - Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington. Electronic address: agopal@u.washington.edu. ; Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington. ; Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington. ; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington. ; Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington. Y1 - 2014/06// PY - 2014 DA - June 2014 SP - 770 EP - 775 VL - 20 IS - 6 KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal KW - 0 KW - Iodine Radioisotopes KW - Radiopharmaceuticals KW - Vidarabine KW - FA2DM6879K KW - iodine-131 anti-B1 antibody KW - K1KT5M40JC KW - fludarabine KW - P2K93U8740 KW - Index Medicus KW - Autologous KW - Radioimmunotherapy KW - Elderly KW - B cell lymphoma KW - Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell -- radiotherapy KW - Age Factors KW - Disease-Free Survival KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Prognosis KW - Aged KW - Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell -- therapy KW - Transplantation, Autologous KW - Radiopharmaceuticals -- therapeutic use KW - Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell -- drug therapy KW - Middle Aged KW - Chemoradiotherapy KW - Female KW - Male KW - Vidarabine -- analogs & derivatives KW - Lymphoma, B-Cell -- therapy KW - Lymphoma, B-Cell -- radiotherapy KW - Iodine Radioisotopes -- administration & dosage KW - Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols -- adverse effects KW - Vidarabine -- adverse effects KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal -- therapeutic use KW - Lymphoma, B-Cell -- drug therapy KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal -- pharmacokinetics KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal -- adverse effects KW - Vidarabine -- therapeutic use KW - Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols -- therapeutic use KW - Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation -- methods KW - Iodine Radioisotopes -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1524174523?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biology+of+blood+and+marrow+transplantation+%3A+journal+of+the+American+Society+for+Blood+and+Marrow+Transplantation&rft.atitle=Myeloablative+I-131-tositumomab+with+escalating+doses+of+fludarabine+and+autologous+hematopoietic+transplantation+for+adults+age+%E2%89%A5+60+years+with+B+cell+lymphoma.&rft.au=Gopal%2C+Ajay+K%3BGooley%2C+Ted+A%3BRajendran%2C+Joseph+G%3BPagel%2C+John+M%3BFisher%2C+Darrell+R%3BMaloney%2C+David+G%3BAppelbaum%2C+Frederick+R%3BCassaday%2C+Ryan+D%3BShields%2C+Andrew%3BPress%2C+Oliver+W&rft.aulast=Gopal&rft.aufirst=Ajay&rft.date=2014-06-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=770&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biology+of+blood+and+marrow+transplantation+%3A+journal+of+the+American+Society+for+Blood+and+Marrow+Transplantation&rft.issn=1523-6536&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.bbmt.2014.02.004 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-04-09 N1 - Date created - 2014-05-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Genetic sequence - NCT00110071; ClinicalTrials.gov N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Clin Oncol. 2007 Apr 10;25(11):1396-402 [17312330] Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2006 Jul;12(7):697-702 [16785058] Blood. 2008 Aug 1;112(3):830-5 [18502830] Blood. 2008 Oct 1;112(7):2687-93 [18625886] Haematologica. 2008 Dec;93(12):1837-42 [18838474] Blood. 2009 Jun 4;113(23):5905-10 [19332764] Blood. 2010 Sep 9;116(10):1795-802 [20530284] J Clin Oncol. 2010 Sep 20;28(27):4184-90 [20660832] Blood. 2011 Jul 28;118(4):1132-9 [21508413] CA Cancer J Clin. 2012 Jan-Feb;62(1):10-29 [22237781] Am J Hematol. 2012 Apr;87(4):433-5 [22367772] Bone Marrow Transplant. 2012 Apr;47(4):488-93 [21572461] N Engl J Med. 2012 Aug 9;367(6):520-31 [22873532] Blood. 2013 Jan 3;121(1):48-53 [22718839] Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2013 Dec;19(12):1670-6 [23988403] J Clin Oncol. 2002 Sep 15;20(18):3878-84 [12228208] Blood. 2003 Oct 1;102(7):2351-7 [12750161] J Nucl Med. 2004 Jun;45(6):1059-64 [15181141] Cancer Res. 1988 Jul 15;48(14):3981-6 [3260129] J Clin Oncol. 1988 Oct;6(10):1562-8 [3049951] J Nucl Med. 1990 Aug;31(8):1257-68 [2384792] N Engl J Med. 1993 Oct 21;329(17):1219-24 [7692295] J Clin Oncol. 1999 Apr;17(4):1244 [10561185] Int J Cancer. 2000 Jan 1;85(1):104-12 [10585592] Blood. 2000 Mar 1;95(5):1588-93 [10688812] Blood. 2000 Nov 1;96(9):2934-42 [11049969] Bone Marrow Transplant. 2001 Mar;27(6):593-9 [11319588] Blood. 2005 Apr 1;105(7):2677-84 [15591112] J Clin Oncol. 2005 Aug 20;23(24):5696-704 [16110029] Blood. 2005 Oct 15;106(8):2896-902 [16002426] Bone Marrow Transplant. 2006 Feb;37(4):367-72 [16415893] Bone Marrow Transplant. 2006 Jun;37(11):1017-22 [16633361] Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2008 Jul;14(7):840-6 [18541205] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbmt.2014.02.004 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Large-Scale Hydrological Reconnection of Wetlands on the Lower Columbia River and Estuary Floodplain T2 - 2014 Joint Aquatic Sciences Meeting (JASM 2014) AN - 1548623215; 6293874 JF - 2014 Joint Aquatic Sciences Meeting (JASM 2014) AU - Diefenderfer, H AU - Borde, A AU - Thom, R AU - Johnson, G AU - Studebaker, C AU - Sagar, J Y1 - 2014/05/18/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 May 18 KW - Rivers KW - Flood plains KW - Estuaries KW - USA, Columbia Estuary KW - Wetlands UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1548623215?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2014+Joint+Aquatic+Sciences+Meeting+%28JASM+2014%29&rft.atitle=Large-Scale+Hydrological+Reconnection+of+Wetlands+on+the+Lower+Columbia+River+and+Estuary+Floodplain&rft.au=Diefenderfer%2C+H%3BBorde%2C+A%3BThom%2C+R%3BJohnson%2C+G%3BStudebaker%2C+C%3BSagar%2C+J&rft.aulast=Diefenderfer&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2014-05-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2014+Joint+Aquatic+Sciences+Meeting+%28JASM+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sgmeet.com/jasm2014/sessionlist.asp LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-06-30 N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-28 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reduction and immobilization of hexavalent chromium by microbially reduced Fe-bearing clay minerals AN - 1545407593; 2014-055453 AB - Hexavalent chromium (Cr (super 6+) ) is a major contaminant in the environment. As a redox-sensitive element, the fate and toxicity of chromium is controlled by reduction-oxidation (redox) reactions. Previous research has shown the ability of structural Fe(II) in naturally present and chemically reduced clay minerals to reduce Cr (super 6+) to Cr(III) as a way of immobilization and detoxification. However, it is still poorly known whether or not structural Fe(II) in biologically reduced clay minerals exhibits a similar reactivity and if so, what the kinetics and mechanisms of Cr (super 6+) reduction are. The objective of this study was to determine the kinetics and possible mechanisms of Cr (super 6+) reduction by structural Fe(II) in microbially reduced clay minerals and the nature of reduced Cr(III). Structural Fe(III) in nontronite (NAu-2), montmorillonite (SWy-2), chlorite (CCa-2), and clay-rich sediments from the Ringold Formation of the Hanford site of Washington State, USA was first bioreduced to Fe(II) by an iron-reducing bacterium Geobacter sulfurreducens with acetate as the sole electron donor and anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate (AQDS) as electron shuttle in synthetic groundwater (pH 7). Biogenic Fe(II) was then used to reduce aqueous Cr (super 6+) at three different temperatures, 10, 20, and 30 degrees C, in order to determine the temperature dependence of the redox reaction between Cr (super 6+) and clay-Fe(II). The results showed that nontronite and montmorillonite were most effective in reducing aqueous Cr (super 6+) at all three temperatures. In contrast, most Fe(II) in chlorite was not reactive towards Cr (super 6+) reduction at 10 degrees C, though at 30 degrees C there was some reduction. For all the clay minerals, the ratio of total Fe(II) oxidized to Cr (super 6+) reduced was close to the expected stoichiometric value of 3. Characterization of the Cr-clay reaction product with scanning electron microscopy with focused ion beam and transmission electron microscopy with electron energy loss spectroscopy revealed that reduced chromium was possibly in the form of sub-nanometer Cr (sub 2) O (sub 3) in association with residual clay minerals as micro-aggregates. This textural association was expected to minimize the chance of Cr(III) reoxidation upon exposure to oxidants. These results are important for our understanding of how various clay minerals may be used to reductively immobilize the heavy metal contaminant Cr in the environment. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Bishop, Michael E AU - Glasser, Paul AU - Dong, Hailiang AU - Arey, Bruce W AU - Kovarik, Libor Y1 - 2014/05/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 May 15 SP - 186 EP - 203 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 133 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - mass spectra KW - iron KW - Cenozoic KW - valency KW - spectra KW - reduction KW - kinetics KW - pH KW - Eh KW - chromium KW - montmorillonite KW - toxic materials KW - Washington KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - nontronite KW - Ringold Formation KW - X-ray spectra KW - TEM data KW - EDS spectra KW - clay minerals KW - models KW - ICP mass spectra KW - Tertiary KW - biogenic processes KW - Neogene KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - sheet silicates KW - mobilization KW - crystal chemistry KW - SEM data KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1545407593?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Reduction+and+immobilization+of+hexavalent+chromium+by+microbially+reduced+Fe-bearing+clay+minerals&rft.au=Bishop%2C+Michael+E%3BGlasser%2C+Paul%3BDong%2C+Hailiang%3BArey%2C+Bruce+W%3BKovarik%2C+Libor&rft.aulast=Bishop&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2014-05-15&rft.volume=133&rft.issue=&rft.spage=186&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2014.02.040 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 98 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-17 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biogenic processes; Cenozoic; chromium; clay minerals; crystal chemistry; EDS spectra; Eh; Hanford Site; ICP mass spectra; iron; kinetics; mass spectra; metals; mobilization; models; montmorillonite; Neogene; nontronite; pH; pollutants; pollution; reduction; Ringold Formation; SEM data; sheet silicates; silicates; spectra; TEM data; Tertiary; toxic materials; United States; valency; Washington; X-ray diffraction data; X-ray spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2014.02.040 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating the impact of vadose zone sources on groundwater to support performance assessment of soil vapor extraction AN - 1722155223; 2015-097312 AB - Soil vapor extraction (SVE) is a prevalent remediation remedy for volatile organic compound (VOC) contaminants in the vadose zone. To support selection of an appropriate condition at which SVE may be terminated for site closure or for transition to another remedy, an evaluation is needed to determine whether vadose zone VOC contamination has been diminished sufficiently to keep groundwater concentrations below threshold values. A conceptual model for this evaluation was developed for VOC fate and transport from a vadose zone source to groundwater when vapor-phase diffusive transport is the dominant transport process. A numerical analysis showed that, for these conditions, the groundwater concentration is controlled by a limited set of parameters, including site-specific dimensions, vadose zone properties, and source characteristics. On the basis of these findings, a procedure was then developed for estimating groundwater concentrations using results from the three-dimensional multiphase transport simulations for a matrix of parameter value combinations and covering a range of potential site conditions. Interpolation and scaling processes are applied to estimate groundwater concentrations at compliance (monitoring) wells for specific site conditions of interest using the data from the simulation results. The interpolation and scaling methodology using these simulation results provides a far less computationally intensive alternative to site-specific three-dimensional multiphase site modeling, while still allowing for parameter sensitivity and uncertainty analyses. With iterative application, the approach can be used to consider the effect of a diminishing vadose zone source over time on future groundwater concentrations. This novel approach and related simulation results have been incorporated into a user-friendly Microsoft (super (R)) Excel (super (R)) -based spreadsheet tool entitled SVEET (Soil Vapor Extraction Endstate Tool), which has been made available to the public. Abstract Copyright (2014), National Ground Water Association. JF - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation AU - Oostrom, M AU - Truex, M J AU - Rice, A K AU - Johnson, C D AU - Carroll, K C AU - Becker, D J AU - Simon, M A Y1 - 2014/05// PY - 2014 DA - May 2014 SP - 71 EP - 84 PB - Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of National Ground Water Association, Malden, MA VL - 34 IS - 2 SN - 1069-3629, 1069-3629 KW - soil vapor extraction KW - unsaturated zone KW - simulation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - transport KW - sensitivity analysis KW - mass transfer KW - uncertainty KW - diffusivity KW - concentration KW - toxic materials KW - numerical models KW - gaseous phase KW - three-dimensional models KW - tortuosity KW - pollution KW - models KW - water table KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - volatile organic compounds KW - multiphase flow KW - theoretical models KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1722155223?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.atitle=Estimating+the+impact+of+vadose+zone+sources+on+groundwater+to+support+performance+assessment+of+soil+vapor+extraction&rft.au=Oostrom%2C+M%3BTruex%2C+M+J%3BRice%2C+A+K%3BJohnson%2C+C+D%3BCarroll%2C+K+C%3BBecker%2C+D+J%3BSimon%2C+M+A&rft.aulast=Oostrom&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2014-05-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=71&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.issn=10693629&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6592 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - PubXState - MA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 8 tables N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - concentration; diffusivity; gaseous phase; ground water; mass transfer; models; multiphase flow; numerical models; organic compounds; pollution; remediation; sensitivity analysis; simulation; soil vapor extraction; theoretical models; three-dimensional models; tortuosity; toxic materials; transport; uncertainty; unsaturated zone; volatile organic compounds; volatiles; water table ER - TY - JOUR T1 - S-S imaging with vertical-force sources AN - 1645574748; 2015-006987 AB - We show examples of S-S images created from multicomponent seismic data generated by vertical-force sources that can be quite useful to seismic interpreters. Two source types are used: vertical vibrators and shot-hole explosives. We first discuss S-S images made from data generated by a vertical vibrator and recorded with vertical receiver arrays of 3C geophones. We next show images extracted from surface-based 3C geophones deployed around this VSP well as a 3D seismic grid. The energy sources used to generate these surface 3D seismic data were shot-hole explosives. In all data examples, we observe that each type of vertical-force source (vertical vibrator and shot-hole explosive) produces abundant direct-S energy on radial and transverse geophones. We find only minimal amounts of P-wave energy on transverse-receiver data. In contrast, radial-receiver data have significant P-wave events intermingled with radial-S events. The minimal amount of P-wave noise on transverse-receiver data makes it easier to study S-S wave physics and to create S-S images with transverse-S data. The data examples focus on transverse-S data created by vertical-force sources because interpreters will find it more convenient to process and use this S-mode. Subsequent publications will assign equal weight to radial-S and transverse-S data. JF - Interpretation (Tulsa) AU - Hardage, Bob A AU - Wagner, Donald AU - DeAngelo, Michael V AU - Sava, Diana AU - Murray, Paul AU - Sullivan, Charlotte AU - Simmons, James AU - Ebrom, Dan AU - Roche, Dan AU - Zhou, Ran Y1 - 2014/05// PY - 2014 DA - May 2014 SP - SE29 EP - SE38 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 2 IS - 2 SN - 2324-8858, 2324-8858 KW - body waves KW - technology KW - seismic profiles KW - geophysical surveys KW - three-dimensional models KW - vibrators KW - geophysical methods KW - elastic waves KW - seismic sources KW - seismic methods KW - vertical seismic profiles KW - surveys KW - geophysical profiles KW - seismic waves KW - S-waves KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645574748?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.atitle=S-S+imaging+with+vertical-force+sources&rft.au=Hardage%2C+Bob+A%3BWagner%2C+Donald%3BDeAngelo%2C+Michael+V%3BSava%2C+Diana%3BMurray%2C+Paul%3BSullivan%2C+Charlotte%3BSimmons%2C+James%3BEbrom%2C+Dan%3BRoche%2C+Dan%3BZhou%2C+Ran&rft.aulast=Hardage&rft.aufirst=Bob&rft.date=2014-05-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=SE29&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.issn=23248858&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2FINT-2013-0097.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/inteio LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sects. N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - body waves; elastic waves; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geophysical surveys; S-waves; seismic methods; seismic profiles; seismic sources; seismic waves; surveys; technology; three-dimensional models; vertical seismic profiles; vibrators DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/INT-2013-0097.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A case history of experimental time-lapse 3C 2D seismic reflection data for reservoir monitoring at Cold Lake, Alberta, Canada AN - 1645574744; 2015-006989 AB - We processed, interpreted, and analyzed experimental time-lapse converted-wave 2D-seismic reflection data that were acquired across a bitumen field undergoing cyclical steam injection and production at Cold Lake, Alberta, Canada. The purpose was to assess whether multicomponent-seismic data could be used to detect lateral and/or temporal changes caused by steam injection into the reservoir. We interpreted horizons on PP and PS sections that bracket the reservoir, and calculated V (sub p) /V (sub s) over this interval. Away from the steam injection wells, V (sub p) /V (sub s) values average 2.20+ or -0.02 during steaming and production and are close to the theoretically predicted value of 2.21 for a cold reservoir. Near the wells, V (sub p) /V (sub s) is lower during steam injection than during production, averaging 2.11+ or -0.02, and the lowest values are observed close to the injection wells. We attributed the changes in V (sub p) /V (sub s) to changes in the reservoir caused by the injection of steam. JF - Interpretation (Tulsa) AU - Isaac, J Helen AU - Lawton, Don C AU - Hardage, Bob A AU - DeAngelo, Michael V AU - Sava, Diana AU - Wagner, Donald AU - Murray, Paul AU - Sullivan, Charlotte AU - Simmons, James AU - Ebrom, Dan AU - Roche, Dan AU - Zhou, Ran Y1 - 2014/05// PY - 2014 DA - May 2014 SP - SE47 EP - SE54 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 2 IS - 2 SN - 2324-8858, 2324-8858 KW - P-waves KW - geophysical surveys KW - data processing KW - petroleum KW - elastic waves KW - Alberta KW - reservoir rocks KW - oil wells KW - laboratory studies KW - stacking KW - velocity KW - interpretation KW - body waves KW - experimental studies KW - seismic profiles KW - monitoring KW - Cold Lake KW - geophysical methods KW - equations KW - two-dimensional models KW - seismic methods KW - measurement KW - case studies KW - Canada KW - surveys KW - Western Canada KW - geophysical profiles KW - seismic waves KW - S-waves KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645574744?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.atitle=A+case+history+of+experimental+time-lapse+3C+2D+seismic+reflection+data+for+reservoir+monitoring+at+Cold+Lake%2C+Alberta%2C+Canada&rft.au=Isaac%2C+J+Helen%3BLawton%2C+Don+C%3BHardage%2C+Bob+A%3BDeAngelo%2C+Michael+V%3BSava%2C+Diana%3BWagner%2C+Donald%3BMurray%2C+Paul%3BSullivan%2C+Charlotte%3BSimmons%2C+James%3BEbrom%2C+Dan%3BRoche%2C+Dan%3BZhou%2C+Ran&rft.aulast=Isaac&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2014-05-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=SE47&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.issn=23248858&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2FINT-2013-0144.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/inteio LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. chart, sects., 2 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alberta; body waves; Canada; case studies; Cold Lake; data processing; elastic waves; equations; experimental studies; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geophysical surveys; interpretation; laboratory studies; measurement; monitoring; oil wells; P-waves; petroleum; reservoir rocks; S-waves; seismic methods; seismic profiles; seismic waves; stacking; surveys; two-dimensional models; velocity; Western Canada DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/INT-2013-0144.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Advantages of joint interpretation of P-P and P-SV seismic data in geothermal exploration AN - 1645574715; 2015-006984 AB - Conventional P-P seismic images of geothermal reservoirs are often of poor quality because P-P data tend to have a low signal-to-noise ratio across geothermal prospects. Fracture identification, fluid prediction, and imaging inside subsurface areas influenced by superheated fluids are some of the challenges facing the geothermal industry. We showed that multicomponent seismic technology is effective for addressing all of these challenges across geothermal reservoirs, even when P-P data are of low quality. Although multicomponent seismic technology has advantages in geothermal exploration, there are not many published examples of multicomponent seismic data being used to characterize geothermal reservoirs. We evaluated data examples that illustrate advantages of multicomponent seismic technology for imaging within and below zones having superheated fluids, estimating fracture attributes, analyzing reservoir trapping structures, differentiating lithologies, and predicting spatial distributions of pore fluids. All examples we tested are from the Wister geothermal field in Southern California. JF - Interpretation (Tulsa) AU - Wei, Shuijian AU - DeAngelo, Michael V AU - Hardage, Bob A AU - Sava, Diana AU - Wagner, Donald AU - Murray, Paul AU - Sullivan, Charlotte AU - Simmons, James AU - Ebrom, Dan AU - Roche, Dan AU - Zhou, Ran Y1 - 2014/05// PY - 2014 DA - May 2014 SP - SE117 EP - SE123 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 2 IS - 2 SN - 2324-8858, 2324-8858 KW - SV-waves KW - body waves KW - seismic profiles KW - geophysical surveys KW - geophysical methods KW - elastic waves KW - seismic methods KW - PP-waves KW - geothermal energy KW - surveys KW - propagation KW - geophysical profiles KW - seismic waves KW - interpretation KW - S-waves KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645574715?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.atitle=Advantages+of+joint+interpretation+of+P-P+and+P-SV+seismic+data+in+geothermal+exploration&rft.au=Wei%2C+Shuijian%3BDeAngelo%2C+Michael+V%3BHardage%2C+Bob+A%3BSava%2C+Diana%3BWagner%2C+Donald%3BMurray%2C+Paul%3BSullivan%2C+Charlotte%3BSimmons%2C+James%3BEbrom%2C+Dan%3BRoche%2C+Dan%3BZhou%2C+Ran&rft.aulast=Wei&rft.aufirst=Shuijian&rft.date=2014-05-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=SE117&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.issn=23248858&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2FINT-2013-0084.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/inteio LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sects., sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - body waves; elastic waves; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geophysical surveys; geothermal energy; interpretation; PP-waves; propagation; S-waves; seismic methods; seismic profiles; seismic waves; surveys; SV-waves DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/INT-2013-0084.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Generating direct-S modes with simple, low-cost, widely available seismic sources AN - 1645574532; 2015-006982 AB - More robust seismic interpretation can be done when an interpretation project uses both compressional (P) and shear (S) data rather than using only one seismic mode, whether that mode be a P mode or an S mode. Unfortunately, this fundamental interpretation principle is frustrated by the cost and difficulty of deploying S-wave sources and by the limited availability of direct-S sources. We introduce a new seismic interpretation option based on direct-P and direct-S modes generated by vertical-force sources. To explain the potential of this new method for acquiring direct-S data, we evaluate real-data examples that illustrate the physics of P and S body-wave radiations generated at vertical-force-source stations. First, a 3D model of direct-S radiation by a vertical-force source is tested. Next, we discuss a field experiment in which a horizontal vibrator create a series of radially oriented SV displacements at small azimuth increments to simulate the full-azimuth distribution of SV displacements created by a vertical vibrator. The resulting data are recorded by a VSP seismic array and show that for a far-field sensor, some source-generated SV displacements are received as a radial-S wavefield and other SV displacements are received as a transverse-S wavefield. We use data from a walkaround VSP to create map views of direct-P and direct-S radiations from a vertical vibrator. We then use data from a walkaway VSP to illustrate cross-section views of the illumination lobes of direct-P and direct-S propagating into the subsurface from a vertical-vibrator source station. JF - Interpretation (Tulsa) AU - Hardage, Bob A AU - Wagner, Donald AU - DeAngelo, Michael V AU - Sava, Diana AU - Murray, Paul AU - Sullivan, Charlotte AU - Simmons, James AU - Ebrom, Dan AU - Roche, Dan AU - Zhou, Ran Y1 - 2014/05// PY - 2014 DA - May 2014 SP - SE1 EP - SE15 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 2 IS - 2 SN - 2324-8858, 2324-8858 KW - P-waves KW - geophysical surveys KW - data acquisition KW - data processing KW - elastic waves KW - seismic sources KW - simulation KW - vertical seismic profiles KW - velocity KW - propagation KW - interpretation KW - body waves KW - seismic profiles KW - three-dimensional models KW - geophysical methods KW - wave fields KW - two-dimensional models KW - seismic methods KW - geometry KW - surveys KW - geophysical profiles KW - seismic waves KW - S-waves KW - field studies KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645574532?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.atitle=Generating+direct-S+modes+with+simple%2C+low-cost%2C+widely+available+seismic+sources&rft.au=Hardage%2C+Bob+A%3BWagner%2C+Donald%3BDeAngelo%2C+Michael+V%3BSava%2C+Diana%3BMurray%2C+Paul%3BSullivan%2C+Charlotte%3BSimmons%2C+James%3BEbrom%2C+Dan%3BRoche%2C+Dan%3BZhou%2C+Ran&rft.aulast=Hardage&rft.aufirst=Bob&rft.date=2014-05-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=SE1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.issn=23248858&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2FINT-2013-0095.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/inteio LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - body waves; data acquisition; data processing; elastic waves; field studies; geometry; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geophysical surveys; interpretation; P-waves; propagation; S-waves; seismic methods; seismic profiles; seismic sources; seismic waves; simulation; surveys; three-dimensional models; two-dimensional models; velocity; vertical seismic profiles; wave fields DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/INT-2013-0095.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multicomponent seismic interpretation AN - 1645574513; 2015-006981 JF - Interpretation (Tulsa) AU - Hardage, Bob A AU - DeAngelo, Michael V AU - Sava, Diana AU - Wagner, Donald AU - Murray, Paul AU - Sullivan, Charlotte AU - Simmons, James AU - Ebrom, Dan AU - Roche, Dan AU - Zhou, Ran Y1 - 2014/05// PY - 2014 DA - May 2014 SP - SE1 EP - SE135 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 2 IS - 2 SN - 2324-8858, 2324-8858 KW - geophysical methods KW - interpretation KW - seismic methods KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645574513?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.atitle=Multicomponent+seismic+interpretation&rft.au=Hardage%2C+Bob+A%3BDeAngelo%2C+Michael+V%3BSava%2C+Diana%3BWagner%2C+Donald%3BMurray%2C+Paul%3BSullivan%2C+Charlotte%3BSimmons%2C+James%3BEbrom%2C+Dan%3BRoche%2C+Dan%3BZhou%2C+Ran&rft.aulast=Hardage&rft.aufirst=Bob&rft.date=2014-05-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=SE1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.issn=23248858&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/inteio LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Individual papers are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - geophysical methods; interpretation; seismic methods ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interpretation of fractures and stress anisotropy in Marcellus Shale using multicomponent seismic data AN - 1645574500; 2015-006983 AB - Using a data set from the Marcellus Shale, we evaluated the advantages of multicomponent seismic data for fracture and anisotropy studies over conventional P-wave data. Using traveltime and amplitude analysis on pre- and poststack seismic data, we concluded that PS-waves can provide more accurate information about the location, orientation, and intensity of natural fractures and stress anisotropy than P-waves. Our analysis indicated that regional stress was the main cause of velocity anisotropy. Amplitude variation with offset and azimuth appeared to be more useful for fracture studies, whereas traveltime variations (especially PS-waves) provided a better indication of regional stress orientations. Principal directions for amplitudes and traveltimes of PP- and PS-waves were different. Misalignment of PP- and PS-waves principal directions suggested that the simplest, most realistic anisotropy model for the fractured Marcellus is monoclinic symmetry. JF - Interpretation (Tulsa) AU - Far, Mehdi E AU - Hardage, Bob A AU - DeAngelo, Michael V AU - Sava, Diana AU - Wagner, Donald AU - Murray, Paul AU - Sullivan, Charlotte AU - Simmons, James AU - Ebrom, Dan AU - Roche, Dan AU - Zhou, Ran Y1 - 2014/05// PY - 2014 DA - May 2014 SP - SE105 EP - SE115 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 2 IS - 2 SN - 2324-8858, 2324-8858 KW - United States KW - P-waves KW - geophysical surveys KW - elastic waves KW - seismic migration KW - fractures KW - PS-waves KW - Marcellus Shale KW - interpretation KW - prestack migration KW - orientation KW - body waves KW - seismic profiles KW - well logs KW - three-dimensional models KW - Paleozoic KW - stress KW - geophysical methods KW - reflection methods KW - Bradford County Pennsylvania KW - seismic methods KW - geometry KW - models KW - Middle Devonian KW - Devonian KW - traveltime KW - surveys KW - geophysical profiles KW - seismic waves KW - Pennsylvania KW - SS-waves KW - S-waves KW - anisotropy KW - amplitude KW - 16:Structural geology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645574500?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.atitle=Interpretation+of+fractures+and+stress+anisotropy+in+Marcellus+Shale+using+multicomponent+seismic+data&rft.au=Far%2C+Mehdi+E%3BHardage%2C+Bob+A%3BDeAngelo%2C+Michael+V%3BSava%2C+Diana%3BWagner%2C+Donald%3BMurray%2C+Paul%3BSullivan%2C+Charlotte%3BSimmons%2C+James%3BEbrom%2C+Dan%3BRoche%2C+Dan%3BZhou%2C+Ran&rft.aulast=Far&rft.aufirst=Mehdi&rft.date=2014-05-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=SE105&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.issn=23248858&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2FINT-2013-0108.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/inteio LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - amplitude; anisotropy; body waves; Bradford County Pennsylvania; Devonian; elastic waves; fractures; geometry; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geophysical surveys; interpretation; Marcellus Shale; Middle Devonian; models; orientation; P-waves; Paleozoic; Pennsylvania; prestack migration; PS-waves; reflection methods; S-waves; seismic methods; seismic migration; seismic profiles; seismic waves; SS-waves; stress; surveys; three-dimensional models; traveltime; United States; well logs DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/INT-2013-0108.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inversion of multicomponent 3D vertical seismic profile data for porosity and CO (sub 2) saturation at the Cranfield injection site, Cranfield, MS AN - 1645573830; 2015-006992 AB - Studying how injected CO (sub 2) affects the seismic response of reservoir rocks is important because it can improve subsurface characterization where CO (sub 2) injection is taking place. This study uses multicomponent data from a 3D vertical seismic profile (VSP) and well logs to model and invert probabilistically for the porosity and CO (sub 2) saturation at the Cranfield reservoir. The well logs were used to calibrate a rock-physics model. Once the accuracy of the model was verified, P-impedance and V (sub p) /V (sub s) from inverted multicomponent VSP data were used to estimate the porosity and fluid saturation. This inversion generated probabilistic estimates of porosity and fluid saturation for the area of the reservoir sampled by PP- and PS-waves. Inversion results using the measured well log data for calibration indicated that the model was able to estimate porosity with a relatively high degree of accuracy, with the root-mean-square (rms) error being less than 3% for all calibration tests. Pore-fluid composition was estimated, however, with reduced accuracy, with rms errors ranging from 6% to 22% depending on the composition of the calibration fluid. Results from integrating the multicomponent VSP data with the rock-physics model indicated that estimated reservoir porosities are quite close to measured values at an observation well. Pore-fluid composition estimates indicated that this method can differentiate between areas containing CO (sub 2) and those that do not. JF - Interpretation (Tulsa) AU - Carter, Russell W AU - Spikes, Kyle T AU - Hess, Thomas AU - Hardage, Bob A AU - DeAngelo, Michael V AU - Sava, Diana AU - Wagner, Donald AU - Murray, Paul AU - Sullivan, Charlotte AU - Simmons, James AU - Ebrom, Dan AU - Roche, Dan AU - Zhou, Ran Y1 - 2014/05// PY - 2014 DA - May 2014 SP - SE77 EP - SE89 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 2 IS - 2 SN - 2324-8858, 2324-8858 KW - United States KW - geophysical surveys KW - Cretaceous KW - petroleum KW - elastic waves KW - production KW - Upper Cretaceous KW - reservoir rocks KW - PP-waves KW - vertical seismic profiles KW - Adams County Mississippi KW - PS-waves KW - Cranfield Mississippi KW - Tuscaloosa Formation KW - North America KW - body waves KW - seismic profiles KW - three-dimensional models KW - Mississippi KW - injection KW - geophysical methods KW - Gulf Coastal Plain KW - porosity KW - Mesozoic KW - seismic methods KW - history KW - gas injection KW - surveys KW - geophysical profiles KW - seismic waves KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645573830?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.atitle=Inversion+of+multicomponent+3D+vertical+seismic+profile+data+for+porosity+and+CO+%28sub+2%29+saturation+at+the+Cranfield+injection+site%2C+Cranfield%2C+MS&rft.au=Carter%2C+Russell+W%3BSpikes%2C+Kyle+T%3BHess%2C+Thomas%3BHardage%2C+Bob+A%3BDeAngelo%2C+Michael+V%3BSava%2C+Diana%3BWagner%2C+Donald%3BMurray%2C+Paul%3BSullivan%2C+Charlotte%3BSimmons%2C+James%3BEbrom%2C+Dan%3BRoche%2C+Dan%3BZhou%2C+Ran&rft.aulast=Carter&rft.aufirst=Russell&rft.date=2014-05-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=SE77&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.issn=23248858&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2FINT-2013-0147.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/inteio LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Adams County Mississippi; body waves; Cranfield Mississippi; Cretaceous; elastic waves; gas injection; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geophysical surveys; Gulf Coastal Plain; history; injection; Mesozoic; Mississippi; North America; petroleum; porosity; PP-waves; production; PS-waves; reservoir rocks; seismic methods; seismic profiles; seismic waves; surveys; three-dimensional models; Tuscaloosa Formation; United States; Upper Cretaceous; vertical seismic profiles DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/INT-2013-0147.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - SV-P; an ignored seismic mode that has great value for interpreters AN - 1645573765; 2015-006986 AB - We show that SV-P reflectivity closely matches P-SV reflectivity; thus, in concept, an SV-P image should be as informative and as valuable as a P-SV image for seismic interpretation purposes. If the dip of rock layering is not severe, the length of the SV raypath involved in SV-P imaging is approximately the same as the length of the SV raypath in P-SV imaging; thus, the important lithology-sensitive V (sub p) /V (sub s) velocity ratio determined with SV-P data should be approximately the same as the V (sub p) /V (sub s) velocity ratio determined with P-SV data. We compare velocities used in P-SV imaging and SV-P imaging to emphasize the equivalence of P-SV and SV-P stacking velocities, and therefore seismic-derived V (sub p) /V (sub s) velocity ratios, obtained with both converted-wave modes. We compare images of P-SV and SV-P data to illustrate the high-quality images that can be made with a SV-P mode. The SV-P data used in these comparisons are recorded by vertical geophones, whereas the P-SV data are recorded by horizontal geophones. In the real-data examples we present, the energy sources that produced the downgoing SV wavefield are vertical-force sources, not horizontal-force sources. A vertical vibrator is used in the first case, and shot-hole explosives are used in the second case. The interpretation technology described here thus introduces the option of extracting valuable S-wave information and images from legacy P-wave data generated by a vertical-force source and recorded with only 1C vertical geophones. We discuss several principles involved in constructing SV-P images from VSP data because of the importance that VSP technology has in calibrating depth-based geology with surface-recorded SV-P data. We emphasize that cautious and attentive data processing procedures are required to segregate SV-P reflections and P-P reflections in VSP data. JF - Interpretation (Tulsa) AU - Hardage, Bob A AU - Sava, Diana AU - Wagner, Donald AU - DeAngelo, Michael V AU - Murray, Paul AU - Sullivan, Charlotte AU - Simmons, James AU - Ebrom, Dan AU - Roche, Dan AU - Zhou, Ran Y1 - 2014/05// PY - 2014 DA - May 2014 SP - SE17 EP - SE27 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 2 IS - 2 SN - 2324-8858, 2324-8858 KW - raypaths KW - SV-waves KW - P-waves KW - body waves KW - geophones KW - seismic stratigraphy KW - geophysical methods KW - elastic waves KW - seismic sources KW - wave fields KW - seismic methods KW - PP-waves KW - velocity KW - seismic waves KW - interpretation KW - S-waves KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645573765?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.atitle=SV-P%3B+an+ignored+seismic+mode+that+has+great+value+for+interpreters&rft.au=Hardage%2C+Bob+A%3BSava%2C+Diana%3BWagner%2C+Donald%3BDeAngelo%2C+Michael+V%3BMurray%2C+Paul%3BSullivan%2C+Charlotte%3BSimmons%2C+James%3BEbrom%2C+Dan%3BRoche%2C+Dan%3BZhou%2C+Ran&rft.aulast=Hardage&rft.aufirst=Bob&rft.date=2014-05-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=SE17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.issn=23248858&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2FINT-2013-0096.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/inteio LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sects. N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - body waves; elastic waves; geophones; geophysical methods; interpretation; P-waves; PP-waves; raypaths; S-waves; seismic methods; seismic sources; seismic stratigraphy; seismic waves; SV-waves; velocity; wave fields DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/INT-2013-0096.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interpretation of multicomponent seismic data across Wister geothermal field, Imperial Valley, California AN - 1645573694; 2015-006985 AB - Multicomponent seismic technology has been implemented across Wister geothermal field in southern California to evaluate the potential for further development of geothermal resources. The seismic survey was positioned atop the San Andreas fault system that extends southward from the Salton Sea. An interpretation of Wister Field geology was made using both P-P and P-SV seismic data. Two formation horizons, Canebrake/Olla/Diablo and Deguynos, were interpreted. Seismic time-structure maps were generated for each horizon. The objective of the study was to determine whether productive geothermal resources could be detected and mapped more reliably with multicomponent seismic data than with single-component P-P data. Complex faults associated with the regional San Andreas Fault system were interpreted across the 13.5 mi (super 2) 3D image space. The structural maps created are thought to be some of the most accurate depictions of subsurface structure publicly available in this area of the Imperial Valley. Particular attention was given to documenting faults that cut across deep strata. Both P-P and P-SV seismic showed evidence of such deep faults. Rock properties were analyzed from well logs. Log data showed that clastic rocks at this site exhibited measurable differences in V (sub p) /V (sub s) velocity ratios for different rock types. Specifically, sand-prone intervals were associated with relatively low V (sub p) /V (sub s) velocity ratios, and shale-dominated intervals had higher V (sub p) /V (sub s) ratios. Using this rock physics behavior, V (sub p) /V (sub s) values derived from seismic traveltime thicknesses were useful for recognizing lithological distributions and identifying favorable reservoir facies. Seismic data across Wister Field, like seismic data across many geothermal fields, have a low signal-to-noise character. We demonstrate that a unified and integrated interpretation of P and S data, even when seismic data quality is not as good as interpreters wish, can still yield valuable information for resource exploitation. JF - Interpretation (Tulsa) AU - Wei, Shuijian AU - DeAngelo, Michael V AU - Hardage, Bob A AU - Sava, Diana AU - Wagner, Donald AU - Murray, Paul AU - Sullivan, Charlotte AU - Simmons, James AU - Ebrom, Dan AU - Roche, Dan AU - Zhou, Ran Y1 - 2014/05// PY - 2014 DA - May 2014 SP - SE125 EP - SE135 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 2 IS - 2 SN - 2324-8858, 2324-8858 KW - United States KW - SV-waves KW - P-waves KW - technology KW - geophysical surveys KW - development KW - Wister Field KW - exploitation KW - elastic waves KW - calibration KW - seismic sources KW - PP-waves KW - California KW - velocity KW - interpretation KW - seismograms KW - body waves KW - well logs KW - three-dimensional models KW - geophysical methods KW - seismic methods KW - geometry KW - geothermal energy KW - geothermal fields KW - Southern California KW - Imperial Valley KW - San Andreas Fault KW - synthetic seismograms KW - surveys KW - seismic waves KW - S-waves KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645573694?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.atitle=Interpretation+of+multicomponent+seismic+data+across+Wister+geothermal+field%2C+Imperial+Valley%2C+California&rft.au=Wei%2C+Shuijian%3BDeAngelo%2C+Michael+V%3BHardage%2C+Bob+A%3BSava%2C+Diana%3BWagner%2C+Donald%3BMurray%2C+Paul%3BSullivan%2C+Charlotte%3BSimmons%2C+James%3BEbrom%2C+Dan%3BRoche%2C+Dan%3BZhou%2C+Ran&rft.aulast=Wei&rft.aufirst=Shuijian&rft.date=2014-05-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Asia-Pacific+Journal+of+Health%2C+Sport+and+Physical+Education&rft.issn=18377122&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/inteio LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. chart, sects., sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - body waves; calibration; California; development; elastic waves; exploitation; geometry; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; geothermal energy; geothermal fields; Imperial Valley; interpretation; P-waves; PP-waves; S-waves; San Andreas Fault; seismic methods; seismic sources; seismic waves; seismograms; Southern California; surveys; SV-waves; synthetic seismograms; technology; three-dimensional models; United States; velocity; well logs; Wister Field DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/INT-2013-0083.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - From ocean-bottom cable seismic to porosity volume; a prestack PP and PS analysis of a turbidite reservoir, deepwater Campos Basin, Brazil AN - 1645573673; 2015-006993 AB - The Campos Basin is the best known and most productive of the Brazilian coastal basins. Turbidites are, by far, the main hydrocarbon-bearing reservoirs in the Campos Basin. Using a 4C ocean-bottom cable seismic survey, we set out to improve the reservoir characterization in a deepwater turbidite field in the Campos Basin. To achieve our goal, prestack angle gathers were derived and PP and PS inversion were performed. The inversion was used as an input to predict the petrophysical properties of the reservoir. Converting seismic reflection amplitudes into impedance profiles not only maximizes vertical resolution but also minimizes tuning effects. Mapping the porosity is extremely important in the development of hydrocarbon reservoirs. Combining seismic attributes derived from the PP and PS multicomponent data and porosity logs, we used linear multiregression and neural networking to predict porosity between the seismic attributes and porosity logs at the well locations. After estimating porosity in the well locations, those relationships were applied to the seismic attributes to generate a 3D porosity volume. The porosity volume highlighted the best reservoir facies in the reservoir. The integration of elastic impedance, shear impedance, and porosity improved the reservoir characterization. JF - Interpretation (Tulsa) AU - Martins, Luiz M R AU - Davis, Thomas L AU - Hardage, Bob A AU - DeAngelo, Michael V AU - Sava, Diana AU - Wagner, Donald AU - Murray, Paul AU - Sullivan, Charlotte AU - Simmons, James AU - Ebrom, Dan AU - Roche, Dan AU - Zhou, Ran Y1 - 2014/05// PY - 2014 DA - May 2014 SP - SE91 EP - SE103 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 2 IS - 2 SN - 2324-8858, 2324-8858 KW - geophysical surveys KW - density KW - Cretaceous KW - sandstone KW - petroleum KW - elastic waves KW - seismic migration KW - reservoir rocks KW - PP-waves KW - Cenozoic KW - sedimentary rocks KW - PS-waves KW - turbidite KW - velocity KW - prestack migration KW - impedance KW - body waves KW - seismic profiles KW - ocean bottom seismographs KW - three-dimensional models KW - geophysical methods KW - inverse problem KW - equations KW - seismographs KW - porosity KW - Mesozoic KW - seismic methods KW - history KW - Tertiary KW - physical properties KW - surveys KW - reservoir properties KW - geophysical profiles KW - Campos Basin KW - South Atlantic KW - seismic waves KW - continental shelf KW - clastic rocks KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645573673?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.atitle=From+ocean-bottom+cable+seismic+to+porosity+volume%3B+a+prestack+PP+and+PS+analysis+of+a+turbidite+reservoir%2C+deepwater+Campos+Basin%2C+Brazil&rft.au=Martins%2C+Luiz+M+R%3BDavis%2C+Thomas+L%3BHardage%2C+Bob+A%3BDeAngelo%2C+Michael+V%3BSava%2C+Diana%3BWagner%2C+Donald%3BMurray%2C+Paul%3BSullivan%2C+Charlotte%3BSimmons%2C+James%3BEbrom%2C+Dan%3BRoche%2C+Dan%3BZhou%2C+Ran&rft.aulast=Martins&rft.aufirst=Luiz+M&rft.date=2014-05-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=SE91&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.issn=23248858&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2FINT-2013-0150.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/inteio LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 12 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sects., sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atlantic Ocean; body waves; Campos Basin; Cenozoic; clastic rocks; continental shelf; Cretaceous; density; elastic waves; equations; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geophysical surveys; history; impedance; inverse problem; Mesozoic; ocean bottom seismographs; petroleum; physical properties; porosity; PP-waves; prestack migration; PS-waves; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; sandstone; sedimentary rocks; seismic methods; seismic migration; seismic profiles; seismic waves; seismographs; South Atlantic; surveys; Tertiary; three-dimensional models; turbidite; velocity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/INT-2013-0150.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interpretation of fractures and joint inversion using multicomponent seismic data; Marcellus Shale example AN - 1645573659; 2015-006990 AB - Evaluating and exploiting unconventional complex oil and gas reservoirs such as the Marcellus Shale gas reservoirs within the Appalachian Basin in Pennsylvania, USA, have gained considerable interest in recent years. Technologies such as conventional 3D seismic, horizontal drilling, and hydraulic fracturing have been at the forefront of the effort to exploit these resources. Recently, multicomponent seismic technologies have been integrated into some resource evaluation and reservoir characterization activities of low-permeability rock systems. We evaluated how multicomponent seismic technology provides value to reservoir characterization in shale gas exploration. We improved fault interpretations and natural fracture identifications by means of P-SV (sub 1) and P-SV (sub 2) integrated interpretation. In addition, using P-P-/P-SV-joint inversion, we extracted key parameters, such as V (sub p) /V (sub s) ratio and density, that improve stratigraphic interpretation and rock-property descriptions of shale gas reservoirs. JF - Interpretation (Tulsa) AU - Yuan, Shukun AU - DeAngelo, Michael V AU - Hardage, Bob A AU - Sava, Diana AU - Wagner, Donald AU - Murray, Paul AU - Sullivan, Charlotte AU - Simmons, James AU - Ebrom, Dan AU - Roche, Dan AU - Zhou, Ran Y1 - 2014/05// PY - 2014 DA - May 2014 SP - SE55 EP - SE62 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 2 IS - 2 SN - 2324-8858, 2324-8858 KW - United States KW - SV-waves KW - P-waves KW - geophysical surveys KW - joints KW - elastic waves KW - PP-waves KW - fractures KW - style KW - Marcellus Shale KW - velocity KW - interpretation KW - body waves KW - well logs KW - Paleozoic KW - geophysical methods KW - seismic methods KW - Middle Devonian KW - Devonian KW - surveys KW - seismic waves KW - Pennsylvania KW - S-waves KW - instruments KW - 16:Structural geology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645573659?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.atitle=Interpretation+of+fractures+and+joint+inversion+using+multicomponent+seismic+data%3B+Marcellus+Shale+example&rft.au=Yuan%2C+Shukun%3BDeAngelo%2C+Michael+V%3BHardage%2C+Bob+A%3BSava%2C+Diana%3BWagner%2C+Donald%3BMurray%2C+Paul%3BSullivan%2C+Charlotte%3BSimmons%2C+James%3BEbrom%2C+Dan%3BRoche%2C+Dan%3BZhou%2C+Ran&rft.aulast=Yuan&rft.aufirst=Shukun&rft.date=2014-05-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=SE55&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.issn=23248858&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2FINT-2013-0146.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/inteio LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. chart, sects., sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - body waves; Devonian; elastic waves; fractures; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; instruments; interpretation; joints; Marcellus Shale; Middle Devonian; P-waves; Paleozoic; Pennsylvania; PP-waves; S-waves; seismic methods; seismic waves; style; surveys; SV-waves; United States; velocity; well logs DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/INT-2013-0146.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of 3C/3D converted mode reflections, King County, Texas AN - 1645573653; 2015-006988 AB - We used a 3C/3D seismic reflection data set from King County, Texas, to investigate the utility of multicomponent seismic data for improving reservoir characterization. We evaluated a new seismic processing/interpretation option, based on direct-S modes generated by a vertical-force source. This new seismic mode, SV-P, may allow legacy 3D P-wave data to be reprocessed to create converted-wave data without the need for additional data acquisition costs associated with multicomponent surveys. Using traveltime and amplitude analysis, P-P, P-SV, and SV-P reflectivity was compared to determine which seismic mode might give a clearer picture of the subsurface and subsequently reduce exploration risk. JF - Interpretation (Tulsa) AU - DeAngelo, Michael V AU - Hardage, Bob A AU - Sava, Diana AU - Wagner, Donald AU - Murray, Paul AU - Sullivan, Charlotte AU - Simmons, James AU - Ebrom, Dan AU - Roche, Dan AU - Zhou, Ran Y1 - 2014/05// PY - 2014 DA - May 2014 SP - SE39 EP - SE45 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 2 IS - 2 SN - 2324-8858, 2324-8858 KW - United States KW - receiver functions KW - geophones KW - Pennsylvanian KW - data acquisition KW - data processing KW - calibration KW - frequency KW - seismic sources KW - Bend Group KW - Upper Pennsylvanian KW - Canyon Group KW - Strawn Series KW - applications KW - King County Texas KW - Cisco Group KW - three-dimensional models KW - Paleozoic KW - geophysical methods KW - Carboniferous KW - Texas KW - reflection methods KW - correlation KW - seismic methods KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645573653?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.atitle=Application+of+3C%2F3D+converted+mode+reflections%2C+King+County%2C+Texas&rft.au=DeAngelo%2C+Michael+V%3BHardage%2C+Bob+A%3BSava%2C+Diana%3BWagner%2C+Donald%3BMurray%2C+Paul%3BSullivan%2C+Charlotte%3BSimmons%2C+James%3BEbrom%2C+Dan%3BRoche%2C+Dan%3BZhou%2C+Ran&rft.aulast=DeAngelo&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2014-05-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=SE39&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.issn=23248858&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2FINT-2013-0181.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/inteio LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. chart, sects., sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; Bend Group; calibration; Canyon Group; Carboniferous; Cisco Group; correlation; data acquisition; data processing; frequency; geophones; geophysical methods; King County Texas; Paleozoic; Pennsylvanian; receiver functions; reflection methods; seismic methods; seismic sources; Strawn Series; Texas; three-dimensional models; United States; Upper Pennsylvanian DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/INT-2013-0181.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 3D Alford rotation analysis for the Diamond M Field, Midland Basin, Texas AN - 1645573587; 2015-006991 AB - The 2C by 2C S-wave survey generated significant excitement in the mid-1980s, but then it fell out of favor when S-wave splitting initially attributed to fractures was also found to be associated with an anisotropic stress regime. In general, 2C by 2C data require more expensive acquisition and more processing effort to obtain images comparable to 1C "compressional wave" data acquired with vertical component sources and receivers. Because S-waves are insensitive to fluids, and hence the water table, the effective S-wave weathering zone is greater than that for compressional waves, making statics more difficult. S-wave splitting due to anisotropy complicates residual statics and velocity analysis as well as the final image. S-wave frequencies and S-wave moveout are closer to those of contaminating ground roll than compressional waves. Since Alford's introduction of S-wave rotation from survey coordinates to the principal axes in 1986, geoscientist and engineers retain their interest in fractures but are also keenly interested in the direction and magnitude of maximum horizontal stress. Simultaneous sweep and improved recording technology have reduced the acquisition cost to approximate that of 1C data. Alford's work was applied to 2C by 2C poststack data. We extended the Alford rotation to prestack data using a modern high-fold 2C by 2C survey acquired over a fractured carbonate reservoir in the Diamond M Field, Texas. Through careful processing, the resulting images were comparable and in many places superior to that of the contemporaneously acquired 1C data. More importantly, we found a good correlation between our derived fracture azimuth map and the fracture azimuth log data from wells present in the field. JF - Interpretation (Tulsa) AU - Davogustto Cataldo, Oswaldo E AU - Kwiatkowski, Timothy J AU - Marfurt, Kurt J AU - Roche, Steven L AU - Thomas, James W AU - Hardage, Bob A AU - DeAngelo, Michael V AU - Sava, Diana AU - Wagner, Donald AU - Murray, Paul AU - Sullivan, Charlotte AU - Simmons, James AU - Ebrom, Dan AU - Roche, Dan AU - Zhou, Ran Y1 - 2014/05// PY - 2014 DA - May 2014 SP - SE63 EP - SE75 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 2 IS - 2 SN - 2324-8858, 2324-8858 KW - United States KW - geophysical surveys KW - characterization KW - petroleum KW - elastic waves KW - oil and gas fields KW - reservoir rocks KW - Midland Basin KW - impedance KW - body waves KW - seismic profiles KW - three-dimensional models KW - Scurry County Texas KW - statistical analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - Texas KW - inverse problem KW - equations KW - Diamond M Field KW - seismic methods KW - least-squares analysis KW - surveys KW - geophysical profiles KW - seismic waves KW - S-waves KW - amplitude KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645573587?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.atitle=3D+Alford+rotation+analysis+for+the+Diamond+M+Field%2C+Midland+Basin%2C+Texas&rft.au=Davogustto+Cataldo%2C+Oswaldo+E%3BKwiatkowski%2C+Timothy+J%3BMarfurt%2C+Kurt+J%3BRoche%2C+Steven+L%3BThomas%2C+James+W%3BHardage%2C+Bob+A%3BDeAngelo%2C+Michael+V%3BSava%2C+Diana%3BWagner%2C+Donald%3BMurray%2C+Paul%3BSullivan%2C+Charlotte%3BSimmons%2C+James%3BEbrom%2C+Dan%3BRoche%2C+Dan%3BZhou%2C+Ran&rft.aulast=Davogustto+Cataldo&rft.aufirst=Oswaldo&rft.date=2014-05-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=SE63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.issn=23248858&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2FINT-2013-0126.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/inteio LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 12 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sects., sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - amplitude; body waves; characterization; Diamond M Field; elastic waves; equations; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geophysical surveys; impedance; inverse problem; least-squares analysis; Midland Basin; oil and gas fields; petroleum; reservoir rocks; S-waves; Scurry County Texas; seismic methods; seismic profiles; seismic waves; statistical analysis; surveys; Texas; three-dimensional models; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/INT-2013-0126.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of parametric uncertainty for groundwater reactive transport modeling AN - 1612268882; 2014-082711 AB - The validity of using Gaussian assumptions for model residuals in uncertainty quantification of a groundwater reactive transport model was evaluated in this study. Least squares regression methods explicitly assume Gaussian residuals, and the assumption leads to Gaussian likelihood functions, model parameters, and model predictions. While the Bayesian methods do not explicitly require the Gaussian assumption, Gaussian residuals are widely used. This paper shows that the residuals of the reactive transport model are non-Gaussian, heteroscedastic, and correlated in time; characterizing them requires using a generalized likelihood function such as the formal generalized likelihood function developed by Schoups and Vrugt (2010). For the surface complexation model considered in this study for simulating uranium reactive transport in groundwater, parametric uncertainty is quantified using the least squares regression methods and Bayesian methods with both Gaussian and formal generalized likelihood functions. While the least squares methods and Bayesian methods with Gaussian likelihood function produce similar Gaussian parameter distributions, the parameter distributions of Bayesian uncertainty quantification using the formal generalized likelihood function are non-Gaussian. In addition, predictive performance of formal generalized likelihood function is superior to that of least squares regression and Bayesian methods with Gaussian likelihood function. The Bayesian uncertainty quantification is conducted using the differential evolution adaptive metropolis (DREAM (sub (zs)) ) algorithm; as a Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method, it is a robust tool for quantifying uncertainty in groundwater reactive transport models. For the surface complexation model, the regression-based local sensitivity analysis and Morris- and DREAM (sub (ZS)) -based global sensitivity analysis yield almost identical ranking of parameter importance. The uncertainty analysis may help select appropriate likelihood functions, improve model calibration, and reduce predictive uncertainty in other groundwater reactive transport and environmental modeling. Abstract Copyright (2014), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Shi, Xiaoqing AU - Ye, Ming AU - Curtis, Gary P AU - Miller, Geoffery L AU - Meyer, Philip D AU - Kohler, Matthias AU - Yabusaki, Steve AU - Wu, Jichun Y1 - 2014/05// PY - 2014 DA - May 2014 SP - 4416 EP - 4439 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 50 IS - 5 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - Bayesian analysis KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - complexing KW - statistical analysis KW - prediction KW - mathematical models KW - calibration KW - least-squares analysis KW - ground water KW - models KW - transport KW - reactive transport KW - water resources KW - uncertainty KW - regression analysis KW - Markov chain analysis KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1612268882?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+parametric+uncertainty+for+groundwater+reactive+transport+modeling&rft.au=Shi%2C+Xiaoqing%3BYe%2C+Ming%3BCurtis%2C+Gary+P%3BMiller%2C+Geoffery+L%3BMeyer%2C+Philip+D%3BKohler%2C+Matthias%3BYabusaki%2C+Steve%3BWu%2C+Jichun&rft.aulast=Shi&rft.aufirst=Xiaoqing&rft.date=2014-05-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=4416&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2013WR013755 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 87 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-16 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bayesian analysis; calibration; complexing; ground water; least-squares analysis; Markov chain analysis; mathematical models; models; Monte Carlo analysis; prediction; reactive transport; regression analysis; statistical analysis; transport; uncertainty; water resources DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2013WR013755 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Increase in the intensity of postmonsoon Bay of Bengal tropical cyclones AN - 1559676698; 20249903 AB - The postmonsoon (October-November) tropical cyclone (TC) season in the Bay of Bengal (BoB) has spawned many of the deadliest storms in recorded history. Here it is shown that the intensity of major TCs (wind speed > 49m s super(-1)) in the postmonsoon BoB increased during 1981-2010. It is found that changes in environmental parameters are responsible for the observed increases in TC intensity. Increases in sea surface temperature and upper ocean heat content made the ocean more conducive to TC intensification, while enhanced convective instability made the atmosphere more favorable for the growth of TCs. The largest changes in the atmosphere and ocean occurred in the eastern BoB, where nearly all major TCs form. These changes are part of positive linear trends, suggesting that the intensity of postmonsoon BoB TCs may continue to increase in the future. Key Points * The postmonsoon Bay of Bengal tropical cyclones increased in intensity * Changes in several oceanic and atmospheric parameters are responsible * These environmental changes are part of long-term trends JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Balaguru, Karthik AU - Taraphdar, Sourav AU - Leung, LRuby AU - Foltz, Gregory R AD - Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA. Y1 - 2014/05// PY - 2014 DA - May 2014 SP - 3594 EP - 3601 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 United States VL - 41 IS - 10 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Cyclones KW - Historical account KW - Climate change KW - Tropical cyclones KW - Atmosphere KW - Storms KW - Environmental factors KW - Wind speed KW - Growth KW - Ocean-atmosphere system KW - Seasonal variability KW - Upper ocean KW - Marine KW - Temperature KW - Velocity KW - Convective instability KW - Heat content KW - ISW, Bangladesh, Bengal Bay KW - Hurricanes KW - Oceans KW - Environmental changes KW - Environmental parameters KW - O 6060:Coastal Zone Resources and Management KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - M2 551.465:Structure/Dynamics/Circulation (551.465) KW - Q2 09107:History and development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1559676698?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Increase+in+the+intensity+of+postmonsoon+Bay+of+Bengal+tropical+cyclones&rft.au=Balaguru%2C+Karthik%3BTaraphdar%2C+Sourav%3BLeung%2C+LRuby%3BFoltz%2C+Gregory+R&rft.aulast=Balaguru&rft.aufirst=Karthik&rft.date=2014-05-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=3594&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2014GL060197 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Wind speed; Hurricanes; Growth; Climate change; Ocean-atmosphere system; Heat content; Environmental factors; Upper ocean; Convective instability; Seasonal variability; Tropical cyclones; Environmental parameters; Storms; Cyclones; Historical account; Oceans; Environmental changes; Temperature; Velocity; Atmosphere; ISW, Bangladesh, Bengal Bay; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014GL060197 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantitative analysis of human salivary gland-derived intact proteome using top-down mass spectrometry AN - 1529959726; 19847209 AB - There are several notable challenges inherent for fully characterizing the entirety of the human saliva proteome using bottom-up approaches, including polymorphic isoforms, PTMs, unique splice variants, deletions, and truncations. To address these challenges, we have developed a top-down based LC-MS/MS approach, which cataloged 20 major human salivary proteins with a total of 83 proteoforms, containing a broad range of PTMs. Among these proteins, several previously reported disease biomarker proteins were identified at the intact protein level, such as beta-2 microglobulin. In addition, intact glycosylated proteoforms of several saliva proteins were also characterized, including intact N-glycosylated protein prolactin inducible protein and O-glycosylated acidic protein rich protein. These characterized proteoforms constitute an intact saliva proteoform database, which was used for quantitative comparison of intact salivary proteoforms among six healthy individuals. Human parotid and submandibular/sublingual gland secretion samples (2 mu g of protein each) from six healthy individuals were compared using RPLC coupled with the 12T FT-ICR mass spectrometer. Significantly different proteoform profiles were resolved with high reproducibility between parotid secretion and submandibular/sublingual glands. The results from this study provide further insight into the potential mechanisms of PTM pathways in oral glandular secretion, expanding our knowledge of this complex yet easily accessible fluid. Intact protein LC-MS approach presented herein can potentially be applied for rapid and accurate identification of biomarkers from only a few microliters of human glandular saliva. JF - Proteomics AU - Wu, Si AU - Brown, Joseph N AU - Tolic, Nikola AU - Meng, Da AU - Liu, Xiaowen AU - Zhang, Haizhen AU - Zhao, Rui AU - Moore, Ronald J AU - Pevzner, Pavel AU - Smith, Richard D AU - Pasa-Tolic, Ljiljana AD - Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratories, Richland, WA, USA. Y1 - 2014/05// PY - 2014 DA - May 2014 SP - 1211 EP - 1222 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 14 IS - 10 SN - 1615-9853, 1615-9853 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Prolactin KW - Databases KW - Secretion KW - Saliva KW - proteomics KW - biomarkers KW - Mass spectroscopy KW - Alternative splicing KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1529959726?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proteomics&rft.atitle=Quantitative+analysis+of+human+salivary+gland-derived+intact+proteome+using+top-down+mass+spectrometry&rft.au=Wu%2C+Si%3BBrown%2C+Joseph+N%3BTolic%2C+Nikola%3BMeng%2C+Da%3BLiu%2C+Xiaowen%3BZhang%2C+Haizhen%3BZhao%2C+Rui%3BMoore%2C+Ronald+J%3BPevzner%2C+Pavel%3BSmith%2C+Richard+D%3BPasa-Tolic%2C+Ljiljana&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=Si&rft.date=2014-05-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1211&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proteomics&rft.issn=16159853&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fpmic.201300378 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-06-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Prolactin; Databases; Secretion; proteomics; Saliva; biomarkers; Mass spectroscopy; Alternative splicing DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pmic.201300378 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Atmospheric Moisture Budget and Spatial Resolution Dependence of Precipitation Extremes in Aquaplanet Simulations AN - 1529934101; 19852914 AB - This study investigates the moisture budgets and resolution dependency of precipitation extremes in an aquaplanet framework based on the Community Atmosphere Model, version 4 (CAM4). Moisture budgets from simulations using two different dynamical cores, the Model for Prediction Across Scales-Atmosphere (MPAS-A) and High Order Method Modeling Environment (HOMME), but the same physics parameterizations suggest that during precipitation extremes the intensity of precipitation is approximately balanced by the vertical advective moisture transport. The resolution dependency in extremes from simulations at their native grid resolution originates from that of vertical moisture transport, which is mainly explained by changes in dynamics (related to vertical velocity ) with resolution. When assessed at the same grid scale by area-weighted averaging the fine-resolution simulations to the coarse grids, simulations with either dynamical core still demonstrate resolution dependency in extreme precipitation with no convergence over the tropics, but convergence occurs at a wide range of latitudes over the extratropics. The use of lower temporal frequency data (i.e., daily vs 6 hourly) reduces the resolution dependency. Although thermodynamic (moisture) changes become significant in offsetting the effect of dynamics when assessed at the same grid scale, especially over the extratropics, changes in dynamics with resolution are still large and explain most of the resolution dependency during extremes. This suggests that the effects of subgrid-scale variability of and vertical moisture transport during extremes are not adequately parameterized by the model at coarse resolution. The aquaplanet framework and analysis described in this study provide an important metric for assessing sensitivities of cloud parameterizations to spatial resolution and dynamical cores under extreme conditions. JF - Journal of Climate AU - Yang, Qing AU - Leung, LRuby AU - Rauscher, Sara A AU - Ringler, Todd D AU - Taylor, Mark A AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington Y1 - 2014/05// PY - 2014 DA - May 2014 SP - 3565 EP - 3581 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 United States VL - 27 IS - 10 SN - 0894-8755, 0894-8755 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Prediction KW - Moisture KW - Variability KW - Moisture transport KW - Cores KW - Convergence KW - Vertical velocities KW - Moisture budget KW - Climate models KW - Thermodynamics KW - Climates KW - Velocity KW - Simulation KW - Precipitation KW - Model Studies KW - Clouds KW - Numerical simulations KW - Cloud parameterization KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - M2 551.58:Climatology (551.58) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1529934101?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Climate&rft.atitle=Atmospheric+Moisture+Budget+and+Spatial+Resolution+Dependence+of+Precipitation+Extremes+in+Aquaplanet+Simulations&rft.au=Yang%2C+Qing%3BLeung%2C+LRuby%3BRauscher%2C+Sara+A%3BRingler%2C+Todd+D%3BTaylor%2C+Mark+A&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=Qing&rft.date=2014-05-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=3565&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Climate&rft.issn=08948755&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2FJCLI-D-13-00468.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-05-01 N1 - Number of references - 37 N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Thermodynamics; Simulation; Climate models; Numerical simulations; Convergence; Moisture transport; Vertical velocities; Cloud parameterization; Precipitation; Moisture budget; Clouds; Prediction; Moisture; Variability; Cores; Climates; Velocity; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00468.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mobilization and transport of organic compounds from reservoir rock and caprock in geological carbon sequestration sites AN - 1520376623; 19717238 AB - Supercritical CO sub(2) (scCO sub(2)) is a good solvent for organic compounds such as benzene, toluene, ethyl-benzene, and xylene (BTEX), phenols, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Monitoring results from geological carbon sequestration (GCS) field tests have shown that organic compounds are mobilized following CO sub(2) injection. Such results have raised concerns regarding the potential for groundwater contamination by toxic organic compounds mobilized during GCS. Knowledge of the mobilization mechanism of organic compounds and their transport and fate in the subsurface is essential for assessing risks associated with GCS. Extraction tests using scCO sub(2) and methylene chloride (CH sub(2)Cl sub(2)) were conducted to study the mobilization of volatile organic compounds (VOCs, including BTEX), the PAH naphthalene, and n-alkanes by scCO sub(2) from representative reservoir rock and caprock obtained from depleted oil reservoirs and coal from an enhanced coal-bed methane recovery site. Results showed that the extent of mobilization for the organic compounds was a function of the source rock. In fate and transport sand column experiments, moisture content was found to have an important influence on the transport of the organic compounds. In dry sand columns the majority of the compounds were retained in the column except benzene and toluene. In wet sand columns the mobility of the BTEX was much higher than that of naphthalene. Based upon the results determined for the reservoir rock, caprock, and coal samples studied here, the risk to aquifers from contamination by organic compounds appears to be relatively low; however, further work is necessary to fully evaluate the risks. JF - Environmental Earth Sciences AU - Zhong, Lirong AU - Cantrell, Kirk AU - Mitroshkov, Alex AU - Shewell, Jesse AD - Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA, 99354, USA, lirong.zhong@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2014/05// PY - 2014 DA - May 2014 SP - 4261 EP - 4272 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 71 IS - 9 SN - 1866-6280, 1866-6280 KW - Environment Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Aquifers KW - Toluene KW - Chlorides KW - Naphthalene KW - Coal KW - Benzene KW - Carbon sequestration KW - Oil reservoirs KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Geology KW - Organic compounds KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Reservoirs KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - R2 23010:General: Models, forecasting KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1520376623?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Earth+Sciences&rft.atitle=Mobilization+and+transport+of+organic+compounds+from+reservoir+rock+and+caprock+in+geological+carbon+sequestration+sites&rft.au=Zhong%2C+Lirong%3BCantrell%2C+Kirk%3BMitroshkov%2C+Alex%3BShewell%2C+Jesse&rft.aulast=Zhong&rft.aufirst=Lirong&rft.date=2014-05-01&rft.volume=71&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=4261&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Earth+Sciences&rft.issn=18666280&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12665-013-2823-z LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aquifers; Risk assessment; Toluene; Chlorides; Naphthalene; Coal; Benzene; Carbon sequestration; Oil reservoirs; Groundwater pollution; Geology; Organic compounds; Carbon dioxide; Reservoirs DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12665-013-2823-z ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Early life perfluorooctanesulphonic acid (PFOS) exposure impairs zebrafish organogenesis. AN - 1518242237; 24667235 AB - As a persistent organic contaminant, perfluorooctanesulphonic acid (PFOS) has been widely detected in the environment, wildlife, and humans. The present study revealed that zebrafish embryos exposed to 16 μM PFOS during a sensitive window of 48-96 hour post-fertilization (hpf) disrupted larval morphology at 120 hpf. Malformed zebrafish larvae were characterized by uninflated swim bladder, less developed gut, and curved spine. Histological and ultrastructural examination of PFOS-exposed larvae showed structural alterations in swim bladder and gut. Whole genome microarray was used to identify the early transcripts dysregulated following exposure to 16 μM PFOS at 96 hpf. In total, 1278 transcripts were significantly misexpressed (p<0.05) and 211 genes were changed at least two-fold upon PFOS exposure in comparison to the vehicle-exposed control group. A PFOS-induced network of perturbed transcripts relating to swim bladder and gut development revealed that misexpression of genes were involved in organogenesis. Taken together, early life stage exposure to PFOS perturbs various molecular pathways potentially resulting in observed defects in swim bladder and gut development. JF - Aquatic toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands) AU - Chen, Jiangfei AU - Tanguay, Robert L AU - Tal, Tamara L AU - Gai, Zengxin AU - Ma, Xue AU - Bai, Chenglian AU - Tilton, Susan C AU - Jin, Daqing AU - Yang, Dongren AU - Huang, Changjiang AU - Dong, Qiaoxiang AD - Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Technology and Application of Model Organisms; Institute of Environmental Safety and Human Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China. ; Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, The Sinnhuber Aquatic Research Laboratory and the Environmental Health Sciences Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA. ; Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA. ; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Technology and Application of Model Organisms; Institute of Environmental Safety and Human Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China. Electronic address: cjhuang5711@163.com. ; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Technology and Application of Model Organisms; Institute of Environmental Safety and Human Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China. Electronic address: dqxdong@163.com. Y1 - 2014/05// PY - 2014 DA - May 2014 SP - 124 EP - 132 VL - 150 KW - Alkanesulfonic Acids KW - 0 KW - Fluorocarbons KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - perfluorooctane sulfonic acid KW - 9H2MAI21CL KW - Index Medicus KW - Zebrafish embryo KW - Gut KW - Developmental toxicity KW - Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid KW - Swim bladder KW - Intestines -- embryology KW - Animals KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Embryo, Nonmammalian KW - Air Sacs -- embryology KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental -- drug effects KW - Organogenesis -- drug effects KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- toxicity KW - Alkanesulfonic Acids -- toxicity KW - Fluorocarbons -- toxicity KW - Zebrafish -- genetics KW - Zebrafish -- embryology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1518242237?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+toxicology+%28Amsterdam%2C+Netherlands%29&rft.atitle=Early+life+perfluorooctanesulphonic+acid+%28PFOS%29+exposure+impairs+zebrafish+organogenesis.&rft.au=Chen%2C+Jiangfei%3BTanguay%2C+Robert+L%3BTal%2C+Tamara+L%3BGai%2C+Zengxin%3BMa%2C+Xue%3BBai%2C+Chenglian%3BTilton%2C+Susan+C%3BJin%2C+Daqing%3BYang%2C+Dongren%3BHuang%2C+Changjiang%3BDong%2C+Qiaoxiang&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Jiangfei&rft.date=2014-05-01&rft.volume=150&rft.issue=&rft.spage=124&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+toxicology+%28Amsterdam%2C+Netherlands%29&rft.issn=1879-1514&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.aquatox.2014.03.005 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2014-06-06 N1 - Date created - 2014-04-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Chest. 2000 May;117(5 Suppl 1):303S-17S [10843965] Circ Res. 2000 Sep 1;87(5):E1-9 [10969042] Environ Sci Technol. 2001 Apr 1;35(7):1339-42 [11348064] J Mol Endocrinol. 2002 Jun;28(3):153-63 [12063182] Development. 2002 Aug;129(15):3751-60 [12117823] Bioinformatics. 2003 Jan 22;19(2):185-93 [12538238] Dev Biol. 2003 Mar 1;255(1):12-29 [12618131] Genome Biol. 2003;4(5):P3 [12734009] Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2003 Jun;284(6):L955-63 [12547733] Nat Biotechnol. 2003 Aug;21(8):879-83 [12894204] Dev Biol. 2003 Sep 1;261(1):197-208 [12941629] Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol. 2003 Dec;136(4):731-42 [14662298] J Exp Zool. 1970 Dec;175(4):445-54 [5501462] Dev Dyn. 1995 Jul;203(3):253-310 [8589427] Infect Dis Clin North Am. 1999 Jun;13(2):465-81, x [10340178] Mech Dev. 2005 Feb;122(2):157-73 [15652704] Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2005 May;48(4):559-66 [15883668] Toxicol Sci. 2005 Jul;86(1):6-19 [15703261] Environ Pollut. 2005 Sep;137(2):324-33 [15963371] Toxicology. 2005 Nov 5;215(1-2):126-48 [16146667] Birth Defects Res B Dev Reprod Toxicol. 2005 Oct;74(5):405-16 [16249997] J Mol Med (Berl). 2006 Jan;84(1):88-96 [16283142] Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2006 Apr;50(3):398-410 [16435086] Environ Sci Technol. 2006 Jul 1;40(13):4138-44 [16856728] Toxicol Sci. 2007 Oct;99(2):366-94 [17519394] J Proteome Res. 2008 Apr;7(4):1729-39 [18303832] Nat Protoc. 2008;3(6):1101-8 [18546601] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2008 Jul 1;230(1):23-32 [18407306] Aquat Toxicol. 2008 Jul 7;88(3):155-63 [18501439] Crit Rev Toxicol. 2009;39(1):76-94 [18802816] Reprod Toxicol. 2009 Jun;27(3-4):278-88 [19429403] J Toxicol Sci. 2009 Jun;34(3):245-54 [19483379] Toxicol Sci. 2009 Aug;110(2):334-40 [19474218] J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2010;73(12):819-36 [20391123] Aquat Toxicol. 2010 Jun 10;98(2):139-47 [20171748] Toxicol Sci. 2010 Jun;115(2):391-400 [20200220] J Appl Toxicol. 2011 Apr;31(3):210-22 [20878907] Environ Toxicol Chem. 2011 Sep;30(9):2073-80 [21671259] Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2011 Sep;74(6):1787-93 [21570120] FASEB J. 2012 Apr;26(4):1452-61 [22253472] Reprod Toxicol. 2012 Jul;33(4):538-45 [21440054] Environ Toxicol Chem. 2013 Jan;32(1):201-6 [23059794] Mar Pollut Bull. 2013 Nov 15;76(1-2):146-57 [24095201] Biomaterials. 2014 Jan;35(1):440-9 [24094937] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2014.03.005 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impacts of climate change and vegetation dynamics on runoff in the mountainous region of the Haihe River basin in the past five decades AN - 1542647736; 2014-048663 AB - Climate and atmospheric CO (sub 2) concentration have changed significantly in the mountainous region of the Haihe River basin (in northern China) over the past five decades. In this study, a process-based terrestrial model, version 4 of the Community Land Model (CLM4), was used to quantify the spatiotemporal changes in runoff across the region, driven by the varying climate factors and CO (sub 2) concentration. Overall, our simulations suggest that climate-induced runoff in this region display a decreasing trend since 1960. Changes in precipitation, solar radiation, air temperature, and wind speed account for 56%, -14%, 13%, and -5% of the overall decrease in annual runoff, respectively, although their relative contributions vary across the study area. The rise in atmospheric CO (sub 2) concentration was determined to have a limited impact on runoff. A significant decrease in runoff in the southern and northeastern portions of the region is primarily attributed to decreasing precipitation, whereas decreasing solar radiation and increasing air temperature were the primary causes of a slight runoff increase in the northern portion. Our results also suggest that the magnitude of the decreasing trend may be greatly underestimated if the dynamic interactions of vegetation phenology and the environmental factors are not considered in the modelling, indicating the importance of including vegetation dynamics in the prediction of runoff trends in this region. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Journal of Hydrology AU - Lei, Huimin AU - Yang, Dawen AU - Huang, Maoyi Y1 - 2014/04/16/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Apr 16 SP - 786 EP - 799 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 511 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - Community Land model KW - Haihe River basin KW - Far East KW - rainfall KW - surface water KW - rivers and streams KW - vegetation KW - environmental effects KW - climate change KW - temperature KW - northern China KW - carbon dioxide KW - models KW - spatial distribution KW - runoff KW - mathematical methods KW - solar radiation KW - drainage basins KW - temporal distribution KW - Asia KW - meteorology KW - climate KW - China KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1542647736?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Impacts+of+climate+change+and+vegetation+dynamics+on+runoff+in+the+mountainous+region+of+the+Haihe+River+basin+in+the+past+five+decades&rft.au=Lei%2C+Huimin%3BYang%2C+Dawen%3BHuang%2C+Maoyi&rft.aulast=Lei&rft.aufirst=Huimin&rft.date=2014-04-16&rft.volume=511&rft.issue=&rft.spage=786&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jhydrol.2014.02.029 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00221694 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 82 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 9 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-04 N1 - CODEN - JHYDA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; carbon dioxide; China; climate; climate change; Community Land model; drainage basins; environmental effects; Far East; Haihe River basin; mathematical methods; meteorology; models; northern China; rainfall; rivers and streams; runoff; solar radiation; spatial distribution; surface water; temperature; temporal distribution; vegetation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.02.029 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Investigating Processes of Nanocrystal Formation and Transformation via Liquid Cell TEM AN - 1846411953; PQ0003835950 AB - Recent ex situ observations of crystallization in both natural and synthetic systems indicate that the classical models of nucleation and growth are inaccurate. However, in situ observations that can provide direct evidence for alternative models have been lacking due to the limited temporal and spatial resolution of experimental techniques that can observe dynamic processes in a bulk solution. Here we report results from liquid cell transmission electron microscopy studies of nucleation and growth of Au, CaCO sub(3), and iron oxide nanoparticles. We show how these in situ data can be used to obtain direct evidence for the mechanisms underlying nanoparticle crystallization as well as dynamic information that provide constraints on important energetic parameters not available through ex situ methods. JF - Microscopy and Microanalysis AU - Nielsen, Michael H AU - Li, Dongsheng AU - Zhang, Hengzhong AU - Aloni, Shaul AU - Han, TYong-Jin AU - Frandsen, Cathrine AU - Seto, Jong AU - Banfield, Jillian F AU - Colfen, Helmut AU - De Yoreo, James J AD - Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, james.deyoreo@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2014/04// PY - 2014 DA - April 2014 SP - 425 EP - 436 PB - Cambridge University Press, The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 2RU United Kingdom VL - 20 IS - 2 SN - 1431-9276, 1431-9276 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Nucleation KW - Crystallization KW - Transformation KW - Data processing KW - iron oxides KW - Transmission electron microscopy KW - spatial discrimination KW - nanoparticles KW - W 30925:Genetic Engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1846411953?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Microscopy+and+Microanalysis&rft.atitle=Investigating+Processes+of+Nanocrystal+Formation+and+Transformation+via+Liquid+Cell+TEM&rft.au=Nielsen%2C+Michael+H%3BLi%2C+Dongsheng%3BZhang%2C+Hengzhong%3BAloni%2C+Shaul%3BHan%2C+TYong-Jin%3BFrandsen%2C+Cathrine%3BSeto%2C+Jong%3BBanfield%2C+Jillian+F%3BColfen%2C+Helmut%3BDe+Yoreo%2C+James+J&rft.aulast=Nielsen&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2014-04-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=425&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Microscopy+and+Microanalysis&rft.issn=14319276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1017%2FS1431927614000294 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-12-01 N1 - Number of references - 55 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Transformation; Crystallization; Nucleation; Data processing; iron oxides; Transmission electron microscopy; spatial discrimination; nanoparticles DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1431927614000294 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In-Situ Electrochemical Transmission Electron Microscopy for Battery Research AN - 1846407838; PQ0003835948 AB - The recent development of in-situ liquid stages for (scanning) transmission electron microscopes now makes it possible for us to study the details of electrochemical processes under operando conditions. As electrochemical processes are complex, care must be taken to calibrate the system before any in-situ/operando observations. In addition, as the electron beam can cause effects that look similar to electrochemical processes at the electrolyte/electrode interface, an understanding of the role of the electron beam in modifying the operando observations must also be understood. In this paper we describe the design, assembly, and operation of an in-situ electrochemical cell, paying particular attention to the method for controlling and quantifying the experimental parameters. The use of this system is then demonstrated for the lithiation/delithiation of silicon nanowires. JF - Microscopy and Microanalysis AU - Layla Mehdi, B AU - Gu, Meng AU - Parent, Lucas R AU - Xu, Wu AU - Nasybulin, Eduard N AU - Chen, Xilin AU - Unocic, Raymond R AU - Xu, Pinghong AU - Welch, David A AU - Abellan, Patricia AU - Zhang, Ji-Guang AU - Liu, Jun AU - Wang, Chong-Min AU - Arslan, Ilke AU - Evans, James AU - Browning, Nigel D AD - Fundamental and Computational Science Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA, layla.mehdi@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2014/04// PY - 2014 DA - April 2014 SP - 484 EP - 492 PB - Cambridge University Press, The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 2RU United Kingdom VL - 20 IS - 2 SN - 1431-9276, 1431-9276 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Silicon KW - Batteries KW - Microscopes KW - Transmission electron microscopy KW - Electrodes KW - nanotechnology KW - W 30900:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1846407838?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Microscopy+and+Microanalysis&rft.atitle=In-Situ+Electrochemical+Transmission+Electron+Microscopy+for+Battery+Research&rft.au=Layla+Mehdi%2C+B%3BGu%2C+Meng%3BParent%2C+Lucas+R%3BXu%2C+Wu%3BNasybulin%2C+Eduard+N%3BChen%2C+Xilin%3BUnocic%2C+Raymond+R%3BXu%2C+Pinghong%3BWelch%2C+David+A%3BAbellan%2C+Patricia%3BZhang%2C+Ji-Guang%3BLiu%2C+Jun%3BWang%2C+Chong-Min%3BArslan%2C+Ilke%3BEvans%2C+James%3BBrowning%2C+Nigel+D&rft.aulast=Layla+Mehdi&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2014-04-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=484&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Microscopy+and+Microanalysis&rft.issn=14319276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1017%2FS1431927614000488 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-12-01 N1 - Number of references - 44 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Silicon; Batteries; Transmission electron microscopy; Microscopes; Electrodes; nanotechnology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1431927614000488 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Explicit feedback and the management of uncertainty in meeting climate objectives with solar geoengineering AN - 1705081409; PQ0001831879 AB - Solar geoengineering has been proposed as a method of meeting climate objectives, such as reduced globally averaged surface temperatures. However, because of incomplete understanding of the effects of geoengineering on the climate system, its implementation would be in the presence of substantial uncertainties. In our study, we use two fully coupled atmosphere-ocean general circulation models: one in which the geoengineering strategy is designed, and one in which geoengineering is implemented (a real-world proxy). We show that regularly adjusting the amount of solar geoengineering in response to departures of the observed global mean climate state from the predetermined objective (sequential decision making; an explicit feedback approach) can manage uncertainties and result in achievement of the climate objective in both the design model and the real-world proxy. This approach results in substantially less error in meeting global climate objectives than using a predetermined time series of how much geoengineering to use, especially if the estimated sensitivity to geoengineering is inaccurate. JF - Environmental Research Letters AU - Kravitz, Ben AU - MacMartin, Douglas G AU - Leedal, David T AU - Rasch, Philip J AU - Jarvis, Andrew J AD - Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, MSIN K9-24, Richland, WA 99352, USA, ben.kravitz@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2014/04// PY - 2014 DA - April 2014 SP - 1 EP - 7 PB - IOP Publishing, The Public Ledger Building, Suite 929 Philadelphia PA 19106 United States VL - 9 IS - 4 SN - 1748-9326, 1748-9326 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - feedback KW - geoengineering KW - climate modeling KW - Sensitivity KW - Decision making KW - Climate KW - Temperature KW - Time series analysis KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1705081409?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Explicit+feedback+and+the+management+of+uncertainty+in+meeting+climate+objectives+with+solar+geoengineering&rft.au=Kravitz%2C+Ben%3BMacMartin%2C+Douglas+G%3BLeedal%2C+David+T%3BRasch%2C+Philip+J%3BJarvis%2C+Andrew+J&rft.aulast=Kravitz&rft.aufirst=Ben&rft.date=2014-04-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.issn=17489326&rft_id=info:doi/10.1088%2F1748-9326%2F9%2F4%2F044006 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Decision making; Sensitivity; Climate; Temperature; Time series analysis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/9/4/044006 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Role of energy efficiency in climate change mitigation policy for India: assessment of co-benefits and opportunities within an integrated assessment modeling framework AN - 1671596294; 19633725 AB - Addressing the challenges of global warming requires interventions on both the energy supply and demand side. With the supply side responses being thoroughly discussed in the literature, our paper focuses on analyzing the role of end use efficiency improvements for Indian climate change mitigation policy and the associated co-benefits, within the integrated assessment modeling framework of Global Change Assessment Model (GCAM). Six scenarios are analyzed here in total- one no climate policy and two climate policy cases, and within each of these one scenario with reference end use energy technology assumptions and another with advance end use energy technology assumptions has been analyzed. The paper has some important insights. Final energy demand and emissions in India are significantly reduced with energy efficiency improvements, and the role of this policy is important especially for the building and transportation sector under both reference and climate policy scenarios. Though energy efficiency policy should be an integral part of climate policy, by itself it is not sufficient for achieving mitigation targets, and a climate policy is necessary for achieving mitigation goals. There are significant co-benefits of energy efficiency improvements. Energy security for India is improved with reduced oil, coal and gas imports. Significant reduction in local pollutant gases is found which is important for local health concerns. Capital investment requirement for Indian electricity generation is reduced, more so for the climate policy scenarios, and finally there are significant savings in terms of reduced abatement cost for meeting climate change mitigation goals. JF - Climatic Change AU - Chaturvedi, Vaibhav AU - Shukla, Priyadarshi R AD - Joint Global Change Research Institute, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory and University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA vaibhavc@iimahd.ernet.in Y1 - 2014/04// PY - 2014 DA - Apr 2014 SP - 597 EP - 609 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 123 IS - 3-4 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE); ANTE: Abstracts in New Technologies and Engineering (AN) KW - Policies KW - Energy policy KW - Assessments KW - Energy management KW - Climate change KW - Climate KW - Energy technology KW - India KW - Yes:(AN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1671596294?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=Role+of+energy+efficiency+in+climate+change+mitigation+policy+for+India%3A+assessment+of+co-benefits+and+opportunities+within+an+integrated+assessment+modeling+framework&rft.au=Chaturvedi%2C+Vaibhav%3BShukla%2C+Priyadarshi+R&rft.aulast=Chaturvedi&rft.aufirst=Vaibhav&rft.date=2014-04-01&rft.volume=123&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=597&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10584-013-0898-x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-06-01 N1 - Number of references - 45 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-013-0898-x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Scenarios of building energy demand for China with a detailed regional representation AN - 1554954203; 20386418 AB - Building energy consumption currently accounts for 28% of China's total energy use and is expected to continue to grow induced by floorspace expansion, income growth, and population change. Fuel sources and building services are also evolving over time as well as across regions and building types. To understand sectoral and regional difference in building energy use and how socioeconomic, physical, and technological development influence the evolution of the Chinese building sector, this study developed a building energy use model for China downscaled into four climate regions under an integrated assessment framework. Three building types (rural residential, urban residential, and commercial) were modeled specifically in each climate region. Our study finds that the Cold and Hot Summer Cold Winter regions lead in total building energy use. The impact of climate change on heating energy use is more significant than that of cooling energy use in most climate regions. Both rural and urban households will experience fuel switch from fossil fuel to cleaner fuels. Commercial buildings will experience rapid growth in electrification and energy intensity. Improved understanding of Chinese buildings with climate change highlighted in this study will help policy makers develop targeted policies and prioritize building energy efficiency measures. JF - Energy AU - Yu, Sha AU - Eom, Jiyong AU - Zhou, Yuyu AU - Evans, Meredydd AU - Clarke, Leon AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 5825 University Research Court, Suite 3500, College Park, MD 20740, USA, sha.yu@pnnl.govl Y1 - 2014/04/01/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Apr 01 SP - 284 EP - 297 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 67 SN - 0360-5442, 0360-5442 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - China Building energy use KW - Integrated assessment KW - Downscaled analysis KW - Climate change KW - Energy efficiency KW - Fossil fuels KW - Fuels KW - Socioeconomics KW - Summer KW - Energy consumption KW - Buildings KW - Winter KW - Energy demand KW - Households KW - Energy KW - China, People's Rep. KW - Rural areas KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1554954203?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy&rft.atitle=Scenarios+of+building+energy+demand+for+China+with+a+detailed+regional+representation&rft.au=Yu%2C+Sha%3BEom%2C+Jiyong%3BZhou%2C+Yuyu%3BEvans%2C+Meredydd%3BClarke%2C+Leon&rft.aulast=Yu&rft.aufirst=Sha&rft.date=2014-04-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=&rft.spage=284&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy&rft.issn=03605442&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.energy.2013.12.072 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-08-01 N1 - Number of references - 75 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Energy efficiency; Fossil fuels; Fuels; Climate change; Socioeconomics; Summer; Energy consumption; Buildings; Winter; Energy demand; Energy; Households; Rural areas; China, People's Rep. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2013.12.072 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A modeling study of coastal inundation induced by storm surge, sea-level rise, and subsidence in the Gulf of Mexico AN - 1540223920; 19362836 AB - The northern coasts of the Gulf of Mexico (GoM) are highly vulnerable to the direct threats of climate change, such as hurricane-induced storm surge, and such risks are exacerbated by land subsidence and global sea-level rise. This paper presents an application of a coastal storm surge model to study the coastal inundation process induced by tide and storm surge, and its response to the effects of land subsidence and sea-level rise in the northern Gulf coast. The unstructured-grid finite-volume coastal ocean model was used to simulate tides and hurricane-induced storm surges in the GoM. Simulated distributions of co-amplitude and co-phase lines for semi-diurnal and diurnal tides are in good agreement with previous modeling studies. The storm surges induced by four historical hurricanes (Rita, Katrina, Ivan, and Dolly) were simulated and compared to observed water levels at National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration tide stations. Effects of coastal subsidence and future global sea-level rise on coastal inundation in the Louisiana coast were evaluated using a "change of inundation depth" parameter through sensitivity simulations that were based on a projected future subsidence scenario and 1-m global sea-level rise by the end of the century. Model results suggested that hurricane-induced storm surge height and coastal inundation could be exacerbated by future global sea-level rise and subsidence, and that responses of storm surge and coastal inundation to the effects of sea-level rise and subsidence are highly nonlinear and vary on temporal and spatial scales. JF - Natural Hazards AU - Yang, Zhaoqing AU - Wang, Taiping AU - Leung, Ruby AU - Hibbard, Kathy AU - Janetos, Tony AU - Kraucunas, Ian AU - Rice, Jennie AU - Preston, Benjamin AU - Wilbanks, Tom AD - Coastal Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 1100 Dexter Avenue North, Suite 400, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA, zhaoqing.yang@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2014/04// PY - 2014 DA - April 2014 SP - 1771 EP - 1794 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 71 IS - 3 SN - 0921-030X, 0921-030X KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts KW - Historical account KW - ASW, USA, Louisiana KW - Sea level KW - Spatial distribution KW - Climate change KW - Sea level rise KW - Storms KW - Water levels KW - Subsidence KW - Vulnerability KW - Marine KW - Sensitivity KW - Climate models KW - Storm surge heights KW - Simulation KW - ASW, USA, Gulf Coast KW - Coastal storms KW - Tides KW - ASW, Mexico Gulf KW - Hurricanes KW - Coastal zone KW - Coastal subsidence KW - Numerical simulations KW - Storm surges KW - Oceans KW - Tide stations KW - Coastal ocean models KW - Diurnal tides KW - Land subsidence KW - Sea level changes KW - O 2010:Physical Oceanography KW - R2 23030:Natural hazards KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - Q2 09124:Coastal zone management KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1540223920?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Natural+Hazards&rft.atitle=A+modeling+study+of+coastal+inundation+induced+by+storm+surge%2C+sea-level+rise%2C+and+subsidence+in+the+Gulf+of+Mexico&rft.au=Yang%2C+Zhaoqing%3BWang%2C+Taiping%3BLeung%2C+Ruby%3BHibbard%2C+Kathy%3BJanetos%2C+Tony%3BKraucunas%2C+Ian%3BRice%2C+Jennie%3BPreston%2C+Benjamin%3BWilbanks%2C+Tom&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=Zhaoqing&rft.date=2014-04-01&rft.volume=71&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1771&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Natural+Hazards&rft.issn=0921030X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11069-013-0974-6 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-06-01 N1 - Number of references - 55 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Water levels; Hurricanes; Coastal zone; Storm surges; Climate change; Subsidence; Vulnerability; Storms; Sea level changes; Climate models; Storm surge heights; Sea level rise; Coastal storms; Coastal subsidence; Numerical simulations; Tide stations; Coastal ocean models; Diurnal tides; Land subsidence; Sensitivity; Historical account; Sea level; Spatial distribution; Simulation; Tides; Oceans; ASW, Mexico Gulf; ASW, USA, Louisiana; ASW, USA, Gulf Coast; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11069-013-0974-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Short-term modulation of Indian summer monsoon rainfall by west Asian dust AN - 1535203566; 2014-039150 JF - Nature Geoscience AU - Vinoj, V AU - Rasch, Philip J AU - Wang, Hailong AU - Yoon, Jin-Ho AU - Ma, Po-Lun AU - Landu, Kiranmayi AU - Singh, Balwinder Y1 - 2014/04// PY - 2014 DA - April 2014 SP - 308 EP - 313 PB - Nature Publishing Group, London VL - 7 IS - 4 SN - 1752-0894, 1752-0894 KW - North Africa KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - variations KW - India KW - monsoons KW - Indian Ocean KW - transport KW - Indian Peninsula KW - sediments KW - Asia KW - meteorology KW - rain KW - hydrology KW - sediment transport KW - clastic sediments KW - rainfall KW - Arabian Sea KW - models KW - West Africa KW - Arabian Peninsula KW - dust KW - Africa KW - aerosols KW - MODIS KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1535203566?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Geoscience&rft.atitle=Short-term+modulation+of+Indian+summer+monsoon+rainfall+by+west+Asian+dust&rft.au=Vinoj%2C+V%3BRasch%2C+Philip+J%3BWang%2C+Hailong%3BYoon%2C+Jin-Ho%3BMa%2C+Po-Lun%3BLandu%2C+Kiranmayi%3BSingh%2C+Balwinder&rft.aulast=Vinoj&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2014-04-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=308&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+Geoscience&rft.issn=17520894&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2FNGEO2107 L2 - http://www.nature.com/ngeo/index.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - Document feature - sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2014-08-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerosols; Africa; Arabian Peninsula; Arabian Sea; Asia; atmospheric precipitation; clastic sediments; dust; hydrology; India; Indian Ocean; Indian Peninsula; meteorology; models; MODIS; monsoons; North Africa; rain; rainfall; sediment transport; sediments; transport; variations; West Africa DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/NGEO2107 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The robust dynamical contribution to precipitation extremes in idealized warming simulations across model resolutions AN - 1534811695; 19904876 AB - The impact of the circulation shift under climate warming on the distribution of precipitation extremes and the associated sensitivity to model resolution are investigated using Community Atmosphere Model Version 3.0 in an aquaplanet configuration. The response of the probability density function of the precipitation to a uniform sea surface temperature warming can be interpreted as superimposition of a dynamically induced poleward shift and a thermodynamically induced upward shift toward higher intensities, which give rise to manyfold increase in the frequency of the most extreme categories of the precipitation events at the poleward side of the midlatitude storm track. Coarser resolutions underestimate not only the intensity of the precipitation extremes but also the dynamical contribution to the increase of precipitation extremes. Meanwhile, the thermodynamic contribution to the intensification of the precipitation extremes is substantially less than expected from the Clausius-Clapeyron relation, implicative of significant change in the vertical structure of the precipitation processes. Key Points * Provide confidence and rationale in the robust changes of precip extremes * Show sign of convergence for certain categories of precipitation extremes JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Lu, Jian AU - Ruby Leung, L AU - Yang, Qing AU - Chen, Gang AU - Collins, William D AU - Li, Fuyu AU - Jason Hou, Z AU - Feng, Xuelei AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA. Y1 - 2014/04// PY - 2014 DA - April 2014 SP - 2971 EP - 2978 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 United States VL - 41 IS - 8 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Sensitivity KW - Climate models KW - Thermodynamics KW - Precipitation processes KW - Rainfall KW - Climate warming KW - Temperature KW - Simulation KW - Precipitation KW - Probability density function KW - Storms KW - Atmosphere KW - Storm tracks KW - Numerical simulations KW - Convergence KW - Global warming KW - Extratropical cyclones KW - M2 551.465:Structure/Dynamics/Circulation (551.465) KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1534811695?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=The+robust+dynamical+contribution+to+precipitation+extremes+in+idealized+warming+simulations+across+model+resolutions&rft.au=Lu%2C+Jian%3BRuby+Leung%2C+L%3BYang%2C+Qing%3BChen%2C+Gang%3BCollins%2C+William+D%3BLi%2C+Fuyu%3BJason+Hou%2C+Z%3BFeng%2C+Xuelei&rft.aulast=Lu&rft.aufirst=Jian&rft.date=2014-04-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=2971&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2014GL059532 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Storm tracks; Climate models; Numerical simulations; Precipitation processes; Convergence; Climate warming; Probability density function; Precipitation; Extratropical cyclones; Sensitivity; Thermodynamics; Rainfall; Temperature; Simulation; Global warming; Atmosphere; Storms DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014GL059532 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact of subgrid-scale radiative heating variability on the stratocumulus-to-trade cumulus transition in climate models AN - 1529921022; 19790280 AB - Subgrid-scale interactions between turbulence and radiation are potentially important for accurately simulating marine low clouds in climate models. To better understand the impact of these interactions, the Weather Research and Forecasting model is configured for large eddy simulation to study the stratocumulus to trade cumulus (Sc-to-Cu) transition. Using the Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment Atmospheric System Studies composite Lagrangian transition case and the Atlantic Trade Wind Experiment case, it is shown that the lack of subgrid-scale turbulence-radiation interaction, as is the case in current generation climate models, accelerates the Sc-to-Cu transition. Our analysis suggests that subgrid-scale turbulence-radiation interactions in cloud-topped boundary layers contribute to stronger production of temperature variance, which in turn leads to stronger buoyancy production of turbulent kinetic energy and helps to maintain the Sc cover. Key Points * Marine low clouds remain a major source of uncertainty for climate projections * Lack of subgrid-scale radiation variability accelerates the Sc-to-Cu transition * Formulation of subgrid turbulence-radiation interaction is needed JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres AU - Xiao, Heng AU - Gustafson, William I AU - Wang, Hailong AD - Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA. Y1 - 2014/04// PY - 2014 DA - April 2014 SP - 4192 EP - 4203 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD United Kingdom VL - 119 IS - 7 SN - 2169-897X, 2169-897X KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - stratocumulus to cumulus transition KW - cloud-turbulence interaction KW - marine boundary layer KW - climate modeling KW - WRF LES KW - Trade winds KW - Trade KW - Low clouds KW - Kinetic Energy KW - Radiation KW - Weather forecasting KW - Buoyancy KW - Weather KW - Cloud-topped boundary layer KW - Hydrologic cycle KW - Model Studies KW - Ocean currents KW - Clouds KW - Boundary layers KW - Prediction KW - Variability KW - Turbulent kinetic energy KW - Climate change KW - turbulence KW - Ocean-atmosphere system KW - Radiative heating KW - Turbulence KW - Turbulent boundary layer KW - Composite materials KW - Climate models KW - Climates KW - Temperature KW - Simulation KW - Large eddy simulations KW - Water cycle KW - Kinetics KW - Energy KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - SW 0810:General KW - M2 551.581:Latitudinal Influences (551.581) KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1529921022?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.atitle=Impact+of+subgrid-scale+radiative+heating+variability+on+the+stratocumulus-to-trade+cumulus+transition+in+climate+models&rft.au=Xiao%2C+Heng%3BGustafson%2C+William+I%3BWang%2C+Hailong&rft.aulast=Xiao&rft.aufirst=Heng&rft.date=2014-04-01&rft.volume=119&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=4192&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.issn=2169897X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2013JD020999 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Prediction; Clouds; Radiation; Boundary layers; Climate change; Ocean-atmosphere system; Weather forecasting; Hydrologic cycle; Turbulent boundary layer; Ocean currents; Water cycle; Climate models; Turbulent kinetic energy; Cloud-topped boundary layer; Radiative heating; Large eddy simulations; Low clouds; Buoyancy; Weather; Composite materials; Trade winds; Trade; Temperature; Simulation; Energy; Kinetics; Turbulence; Variability; Climates; turbulence; Kinetic Energy; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2013JD020999 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Trade-offs of different land and bioenergy policies on the path to achieving climate targets AN - 1520386559; 19633724 AB - Many papers have shown that bioenergy and land-use are potentially important elements in a strategy to limit anthropogenic climate change. But, significant expansion of bioenergy production can have a large terrestrial footprint. In this paper, we test the implications for land use, the global energy system, emissions and mitigation costs of meeting a specific climate target, using a single fossil fuel and industrial sector policy instrument, but with five alternative bioenergy and land-use policy architectures. These scenarios are illustrative in nature, and designed to explore trade-offs. We find that the policies we examined have differing effects on the different segments of the economy. Comprehensive land policies can reduce land-use change emissions, increasing allowable emissions in the energy system, but have implications for the cost of food. Bioenergy penalties and constraints, on the other hand, have little effect on food prices, but result in less bioenergy and thus can increase mitigation costs and energy prices. JF - Climatic Change AU - Calvin, Katherine AU - Wise, Marshall AU - Kyle, Page AU - Patel, Pralit AU - Clarke, Leon AU - Edmonds, Jae AD - Joint Global Change Research Institute, College Park, MD, 20740, USA, katherine.calvin@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2014/04// PY - 2014 DA - April 2014 SP - 691 EP - 704 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 123 IS - 3-4 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Mitigation KW - Fossil fuels KW - Climate KW - Climate change KW - Public policy and climate KW - Anthropogenic factors KW - Architecture KW - Land use KW - Anthropogenic climate changes KW - Energy KW - Economics KW - Emissions KW - Biofuels KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1520386559?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=Trade-offs+of+different+land+and+bioenergy+policies+on+the+path+to+achieving+climate+targets&rft.au=Calvin%2C+Katherine%3BWise%2C+Marshall%3BKyle%2C+Page%3BPatel%2C+Pralit%3BClarke%2C+Leon%3BEdmonds%2C+Jae&rft.aulast=Calvin&rft.aufirst=Katherine&rft.date=2014-04-01&rft.volume=123&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=691&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10584-013-0897-y LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Public policy and climate; Architecture; Anthropogenic climate changes; Land use; Mitigation; Fossil fuels; Energy; Climate change; Economics; Climate; Anthropogenic factors; Emissions; Biofuels DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-013-0897-y ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nuclear energy response in the EMF27 study AN - 1520383480; 19633743 AB - The nuclear energy response for mitigating global climate change across 18 participating models of the EMF27 study is investigated. Diverse perspectives on the future role of nuclear power in the global energy system are evident in the broad range of nuclear power contributions from participating models of the study. In the Baseline scenario without climate policy, nuclear electricity generation and shares span 0-66 EJ/year and 0-25 % in 2100 for all models, with a median nuclear electricity generation of 39 EJ/year (1,389 GWe at 90 % capacity factor) and median share of 9 %. The role of nuclear energy increased under the climate policy scenarios. The median of nuclear energy use across all models doubled in the 450 ppm CO sub(2)e scenario with a nuclear electricity generation of 67 EJ/year (2,352 GWe at 90 % capacity factor) and share of 17 % in 2100. The broad range of nuclear electricity generation (11-214 EJ/year) and shares (2-38 %) in 2100 of the 450 ppm CO sub(2)e scenario reflect differences in the technology choice behavior, technology assumptions and competitiveness of low carbon technologies. Greater clarification of nuclear fuel cycle issues and risk factors associated with nuclear energy use are necessary for understanding the nuclear deployment constraints imposed in models and for improving the assessment of the nuclear energy potential in addressing climate change. JF - Climatic Change AU - Kim, Son H AU - Wada, Kenichi AU - Kurosawa, Atsushi AU - Roberts, Matthew AD - Joint Global Change Research Institute, College Park, MD, 20740, USA skim@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2014/04// PY - 2014 DA - April 2014 SP - 443 EP - 460 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 123 IS - 3-4 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE); ANTE: Abstracts in New Technologies and Engineering (AN) KW - Nuclear power KW - Nuclear power generation KW - Nuclear reactors KW - Climate models KW - Climate change KW - Nuclear reactor components KW - Electricity KW - Nuclear engineering KW - Yes:(AN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1520383480?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=Nuclear+energy+response+in+the+EMF27+study&rft.au=Kim%2C+Son+H%3BWada%2C+Kenichi%3BKurosawa%2C+Atsushi%3BRoberts%2C+Matthew&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=Son&rft.date=2014-04-01&rft.volume=123&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=443&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10584-014-1098-z LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-06-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-05 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-014-1098-z ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Optimizing detection of RDX vapors using designed experiments for remote sensing AN - 1520376314; 19723531 AB - This paper presents results of designed experiments performed to study the effect of four factors on the detection of RDX vapors from desorption into an atmospheric flow tube mass spectrometer (AFT-MS). The experiments initially included four independent factors: gas flow rate, desorption current, solvent evaporation time and RDX mass. The values of three detection responses, peak height, peak width, and peak area were recorded but only the peak height response was analyzed. Results from the first block of experiments indicated that solvent evaporation time was not statistically significant at the 95% confidence level. A second round of experiments was designed and executed using flow rate, current, and RDX mass as factors and the results were used to create a model to predict conditions resulting in maximum peak height. Those conditions were confirmed experimentally and used to obtain data for a calibration model. The calibration model represented RDX amounts ranging from 1 to 25 pg desorbed into an air flow of 7 L min super(-1). Air samples from a shipping container that held 2 closed explosive storage magazines were collected on metal filaments for varying amounts for time ranging from 5 to 90 minutes. RDX was detected from all of the filaments sampled by desorption into the AFT-MS. From the calibration model, RDX vapor concentrations within the shipping container were calculated to be in the range of 1 to 50 parts-per-quadrillion (ppq sub(v)) from data collected on 2 separate days. JF - Analyst (Cambridge UK) AU - Ewing, Robert G AU - Heredia-Langner, Alejandro AU - Warner, Marvin G AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; 902 Battelle Blvd., P.O. Box 999; Richland; Washington 99352; USA; , robert.ewing@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2014/04// PY - 2014 DA - Apr 2014 SP - 2440 EP - 2448 PB - The Royal Society of Chemistry, Thomas Graham House, Milton Road Cambridge CB4 0WF United Kingdom VL - 139 IS - 10 SN - 0003-2654, 0003-2654 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - British Isles KW - Containers KW - Metals KW - Desorption KW - Evaporation KW - Solvents KW - Remote sensing KW - Flow rates KW - Storage KW - Vapors KW - Air sampling KW - Explosives KW - Air flow KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1520376314?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analyst+%28Cambridge+UK%29&rft.atitle=Optimizing+detection+of+RDX+vapors+using+designed+experiments+for+remote+sensing&rft.au=Ewing%2C+Robert+G%3BHeredia-Langner%2C+Alejandro%3BWarner%2C+Marvin+G&rft.aulast=Ewing&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2014-04-01&rft.volume=139&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2440&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analyst+%28Cambridge+UK%29&rft.issn=00032654&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc4an00125g LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Storage; Metals; Containers; Vapors; Desorption; Evaporation; Remote sensing; Air sampling; Solvents; Explosives; Flow rates; Air flow; British Isles DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4an00125g ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exploring the effects of data quality, data worth, and redundancy of CO sub(2) gas pressure and saturation data on reservoir characterization through PEST inversion AN - 1516761710; 19415587 AB - This study examined the impacts of reservoir properties on carbon dioxide (CO sub(2)) migration after subsurface injection and evaluated the possibility of characterizing reservoir properties using CO sub(2) monitoring data such as spatial-temporal distributions of gas pressure, which can be reasonably monitored in practice. The injection reservoir was assumed to be located 1,400-1,500 m below the ground surface such that CO sub(2) remained in the supercritical state. The reservoir was assumed to contain layers with alternating conductive and resistive properties, which is analogous to actual geological formations such as the Mount Simon Sandstone unit. The CO sub(2) injection simulation used a cylindrical grid setting in which the injection well was situated at the center of the domain, which extended out 8,000 m from the injection well. The CO sub(2) migration was simulated using the latest version of the simulator, subsurface transport over multiple phases (the water-salt-CO sub(2)-energy module), developed by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. A nonlinear parameter estimation and optimization modeling software package, Parameter ESTimation (PEST), is adopted for automated reservoir parameter estimation. The effects of data quality, data worth, and data redundancy were explored regarding the detectability of reservoir parameters using gas pressure monitoring data, by comparing PEST inversion results using data with different levels of noises, various numbers of monitoring wells and locations, and different data collection spacing and temporal sampling intervals. This study yielded insight into the use of CO sub(2) monitoring data for reservoir characterization and how to design the monitoring system to optimize data worth and reduce data redundancy. The feasibility of using CO sub(2) saturation data for improving reservoir characterization was also discussed. JF - Environmental Earth Sciences AU - Fang, Zhufeng AU - Hou, Zhangshuan AU - Lin, Guang AU - Engel, Dave AU - Fang, Yilin AU - Eslinger, Paul AD - Earth Systems Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Post Office Box 999, Richland, WA, 99352, USA, zhangshuan.hou@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2014/04// PY - 2014 DA - Apr 2014 SP - 3025 EP - 3037 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 71 IS - 7 SN - 1866-6280, 1866-6280 KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Environment Abstracts KW - Feasibility studies KW - Reservoir KW - Simulators KW - Ecological distribution KW - Injection KW - Migration KW - Environmental factors KW - INE, USA, Pacific Northwest KW - Computer programs KW - Geology KW - Sampling KW - Pests KW - Reservoirs KW - Monitoring systems KW - Data Collections KW - Data collection KW - Injection wells KW - Sandstone KW - Biogeochemical cycle KW - Noise levels KW - Simulation KW - Injection Wells KW - Saturation KW - Inversions KW - Inversion KW - Monitoring KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - Q2 09262:Methods and instruments KW - SW 5040:Data acquisition KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - Q5 08520:Environmental quality KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1516761710?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Earth+Sciences&rft.atitle=Exploring+the+effects+of+data+quality%2C+data+worth%2C+and+redundancy+of+CO+sub%282%29+gas+pressure+and+saturation+data+on+reservoir+characterization+through+PEST+inversion&rft.au=Fang%2C+Zhufeng%3BHou%2C+Zhangshuan%3BLin%2C+Guang%3BEngel%2C+Dave%3BFang%2C+Yilin%3BEslinger%2C+Paul&rft.aulast=Fang&rft.aufirst=Zhufeng&rft.date=2014-04-01&rft.volume=71&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=3025&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Earth+Sciences&rft.issn=18666280&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12665-013-2680-9 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-23 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Computer programs; Reservoir; Simulators; Biogeochemical cycle; Ecological distribution; Carbon dioxide; Environmental factors; Monitoring systems; Inversions; Feasibility studies; Data collection; Injection wells; Sandstone; Inversion; Noise levels; Simulation; Geology; Pests; Migration; Reservoirs; Injection Wells; Sampling; Saturation; Monitoring; Injection; Data Collections; Carbon Dioxide; INE, USA, Pacific Northwest DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12665-013-2680-9 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Interspecies Differences in Respiratory Dosimetry of Volatile and Aerosol Materials Using Multiscale Computational Models T2 - 53rd Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology (SOT 2014) AN - 1518611745; 6281437 JF - 53rd Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology (SOT 2014) AU - Corley, R Y1 - 2014/03/23/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Mar 23 KW - Aerosols KW - Mathematical models KW - Volatiles KW - Respiration KW - Dosimetry KW - Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1518611745?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=53rd+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology+%28SOT+2014%29&rft.atitle=Interspecies+Differences+in+Respiratory+Dosimetry+of+Volatile+and+Aerosol+Materials+Using+Multiscale+Computational+Models&rft.au=Corley%2C+R&rft.aulast=Corley&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2014-03-23&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=53rd+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology+%28SOT+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.toxicology.org/AI/Pub/Prog/2014Program.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-04-23 N1 - Last updated - 2014-04-24 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Computational Resources for miRNA Identification, Target Prediction, and Integration of Co-Expressed miRNAs and mRNAs T2 - 53rd Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology (SOT 2014) AN - 1518609537; 6281251 JF - 53rd Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology (SOT 2014) AU - Tilton, S Y1 - 2014/03/23/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Mar 23 KW - Prediction KW - Integration KW - miRNA KW - Computer applications KW - mRNA UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1518609537?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=53rd+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology+%28SOT+2014%29&rft.atitle=Computational+Resources+for+miRNA+Identification%2C+Target+Prediction%2C+and+Integration+of+Co-Expressed+miRNAs+and+mRNAs&rft.au=Tilton%2C+S&rft.aulast=Tilton&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2014-03-23&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=53rd+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology+%28SOT+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.toxicology.org/AI/Pub/Prog/2014Program.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-04-23 N1 - Last updated - 2014-04-24 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Computational and Experimental Aspects of microRNAs in Toxicology T2 - 53rd Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology (SOT 2014) AN - 1518609348; 6281248 JF - 53rd Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology (SOT 2014) AU - Tilton, S AU - Wang, K AU - Pogribny, I AU - Brennan, R AU - Thompson, K Y1 - 2014/03/23/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Mar 23 KW - miRNA KW - Computer applications KW - Toxicology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1518609348?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=53rd+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology+%28SOT+2014%29&rft.atitle=Computational+and+Experimental+Aspects+of+microRNAs+in+Toxicology&rft.au=Tilton%2C+S%3BWang%2C+K%3BPogribny%2C+I%3BBrennan%2C+R%3BThompson%2C+K&rft.aulast=Tilton&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2014-03-23&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=53rd+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology+%28SOT+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.toxicology.org/AI/Pub/Prog/2014Program.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-04-23 N1 - Last updated - 2014-04-24 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Strain Correlations in Alloy 690 Materials Using Electron Backscatter Diffraction and Vickers Hardness T2 - 2014 International Annual Conference and Exposition of National Association of Corrosion Engineering (CORROSION 2014) AN - 1518616045; 6286621 JF - 2014 International Annual Conference and Exposition of National Association of Corrosion Engineering (CORROSION 2014) AU - Overman, Nicole AU - Olszta, Matthew AU - Toloczko, Mychailo AU - Bruemmer, Stephen Y1 - 2014/03/09/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Mar 09 KW - Backscatter KW - Alloys KW - alloys KW - Diffraction KW - Strains UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1518616045?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2014+International+Annual+Conference+and+Exposition+of+National+Association+of+Corrosion+Engineering+%28CORROSION+2014%29&rft.atitle=Strain+Correlations+in+Alloy+690+Materials+Using+Electron+Backscatter+Diffraction+and+Vickers+Hardness&rft.au=Overman%2C+Nicole%3BOlszta%2C+Matthew%3BToloczko%2C+Mychailo%3BBruemmer%2C+Stephen&rft.aulast=Overman&rft.aufirst=Nicole&rft.date=2014-03-09&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2014+International+Annual+Conference+and+Exposition+of+National+Association+of+Corrosion+Engineering+%28CORROSION+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://events.nace.org/conferences/C2014/images_welcome/C2014FinalProgram.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-04-23 N1 - Last updated - 2014-04-24 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - High-Resolution Characterizations of Film Formation and Localized Corrosion in Alloy 690 Exposed to PWR Primary Water T2 - 2014 International Annual Conference and Exposition of National Association of Corrosion Engineering (CORROSION 2014) AN - 1518615751; 6286619 JF - 2014 International Annual Conference and Exposition of National Association of Corrosion Engineering (CORROSION 2014) AU - Olszta, Matthew AU - Schreiber, Daniel AU - Bruemmer, Stephen Y1 - 2014/03/09/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Mar 09 KW - Corrosion KW - Alloys KW - alloys UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1518615751?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2014+International+Annual+Conference+and+Exposition+of+National+Association+of+Corrosion+Engineering+%28CORROSION+2014%29&rft.atitle=High-Resolution+Characterizations+of+Film+Formation+and+Localized+Corrosion+in+Alloy+690+Exposed+to+PWR+Primary+Water&rft.au=Olszta%2C+Matthew%3BSchreiber%2C+Daniel%3BBruemmer%2C+Stephen&rft.aulast=Olszta&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=2014-03-09&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2014+International+Annual+Conference+and+Exposition+of+National+Association+of+Corrosion+Engineering+%28CORROSION+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://events.nace.org/conferences/C2014/images_welcome/C2014FinalProgram.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-04-23 N1 - Last updated - 2014-04-24 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Eddy Current for Sizing Cracks in Canisters for Dry Storage of Used Nuclear Fuel T2 - 2014 International Annual Conference and Exposition of National Association of Corrosion Engineering (CORROSION 2014) AN - 1518615615; 6286676 JF - 2014 International Annual Conference and Exposition of National Association of Corrosion Engineering (CORROSION 2014) AU - Meyer, Ryan AU - Pardini, Allan AU - Ramuhalli, Pradeep Y1 - 2014/03/09/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Mar 09 KW - Storage KW - Fuels KW - Nuclear fuels KW - Oceanic eddies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1518615615?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2014+International+Annual+Conference+and+Exposition+of+National+Association+of+Corrosion+Engineering+%28CORROSION+2014%29&rft.atitle=Eddy+Current+for+Sizing+Cracks+in+Canisters+for+Dry+Storage+of+Used+Nuclear+Fuel&rft.au=Meyer%2C+Ryan%3BPardini%2C+Allan%3BRamuhalli%2C+Pradeep&rft.aulast=Meyer&rft.aufirst=Ryan&rft.date=2014-03-09&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2014+International+Annual+Conference+and+Exposition+of+National+Association+of+Corrosion+Engineering+%28CORROSION+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://events.nace.org/conferences/C2014/images_welcome/C2014FinalProgram.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-04-23 N1 - Last updated - 2014-04-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Predicting sediment and cesium-137 discharge from catchments in eastern Fukushima AN - 1861100729; 771896-3 AB - This paper reports simulations of soil erosion, sediment movement, and the resulting migration of cesium-137 (137Cs) in eastern Fukushima Prefecture after the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) accident in Japan. We quantified these processes with a simple, novel, and fast simulation model developed previously with the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) and a Geographical Information System, using coarse region-scale data as input. We focused on the land-use factor in the USLE because land use has a potential large effect on soil erosion, thereby offering insight into effective environmental countermeasures. Results indicate that, while a large portion of the study area is forest, only a small fraction of the total soil loss and 137Cs movement is transported out of the forest boundary. Analysis of 14 river basins showed that approximately 1013 Bq of 137Cs is exported to the ocean annually in early after the accident. This value corresponds with estimates of direct leakage from the FDNPP of 1.7 X 1013 Bq between June 2011 and September 2012, and of 2.4 X 1013 Bq from a leakage on 21 August 2013. Detailed estimates for the Ukedo River Basin, most contaminated after the FDNPP accident, further indicated that 104 t of sediment and 1012 Bq of 137Cs migrated into the Ogaki Dam reservoir, which provides a buffering effect downstream. Field-based estimates are within the same order of magnitude as model predictions. This study suggests the important roles of land use and dam reservoirs on the movement of soil, sediment, and cesium; these factors should be considered for developing remediation options for Fukushima and other lands contaminated with radiocesium. JF - Anthropocene AU - Kitamura, Akihiro AU - Yamaguchi, Masaaki AU - Kurikami, Hiroshi AU - Yui, Mikazu AU - Onishi, Yasuo Y1 - 2014/03// PY - 2014 DA - March 2014 SP - 22 EP - 31 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 5 KW - Far East KW - isotopes KW - erosion KW - buffers KW - Universal Soil Loss Equation KW - power plants KW - simulation KW - radioactive fallout KW - radioactive isotopes KW - geographic information systems KW - cesium KW - soil erosion KW - Asia KW - soils KW - Fukushima Japan KW - reservoirs KW - Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear accident KW - sedimentation KW - alkali metals KW - migration of elements KW - Ogaki Dam KW - models KW - Cs-137 KW - metals KW - nuclear facilities KW - information systems KW - Honshu KW - aquatic environment KW - land use KW - Japan KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1861100729?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Anthropocene&rft.atitle=Predicting+sediment+and+cesium-137+discharge+from+catchments+in+eastern+Fukushima&rft.au=Kitamura%2C+Akihiro%3BYamaguchi%2C+Masaaki%3BKurikami%2C+Hiroshi%3BYui%2C+Mikazu%3BOnishi%2C+Yasuo&rft.aulast=Kitamura&rft.aufirst=Akihiro&rft.date=2014-03-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=22&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Anthropocene&rft.issn=2213-3054&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ancene.2014.07.001 L2 - http://www.journals.elsevier.com/anthropocene LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Based on Publisher-supplied data N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; aquatic environment; Asia; buffers; cesium; Cs-137; erosion; Far East; Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear accident; Fukushima Japan; geographic information systems; Honshu; information systems; isotopes; Japan; land use; metals; migration of elements; models; nuclear facilities; Ogaki Dam; power plants; radioactive fallout; radioactive isotopes; reservoirs; sedimentation; simulation; soil erosion; soils; Universal Soil Loss Equation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ancene.2014.07.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stochastic models of earthquake slip for probabilistic tsunami modeling AN - 1800392633; 2016-054893 JF - Seismological Research Letters AU - Leveque, R J AU - Waagan, K AU - Gonzalez, F I AU - Lin, Guang AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/03// PY - 2014 DA - March 2014 SP - 536 PB - Seismological Society of America, El Cerrito, CA VL - 85 IS - 2 SN - 0895-0695, 0895-0695 KW - tsunamis KW - models KW - technology KW - geologic hazards KW - stochastic processes KW - seismic risk KW - statistical analysis KW - natural hazards KW - risk assessment KW - probability KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1800392633?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Stochastic+models+of+earthquake+slip+for+probabilistic+tsunami+modeling&rft.au=Leveque%2C+R+J%3BWaagan%2C+K%3BGonzalez%2C+F+I%3BLin%2C+Guang%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Leveque&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2014-03-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=536&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.issn=08950695&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://srl.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Seismological Society of America 2014 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - geologic hazards; models; natural hazards; probability; risk assessment; seismic risk; statistical analysis; stochastic processes; technology; tsunamis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of diversity indices to quantify early life-history diversity for Chinook salmon AN - 1787983337; PQ0002955931 AB - We developed an approach to quantify early life history diversity for Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha). Early life history diversity (ELHD) is the variation in morphological and behavioral traits expressed within and among populations by individual juvenile salmon during downstream migration. A standard quantitative method does not exist for this prominent concept in salmon biology. For Chinook salmon, ELHD reflects the multitude of possible strategies undertaken during the juvenile (fry through smolt) phases of their life cycle, where a life history strategy (or pattern) describes the combination of traits exhibited by an organism throughout its life cycle. Increasing life history diversity to improve resilience and aid recovery of diminished salmon and steelhead populations is a common objective in fish population recovery efforts. In this paper, we characterized early life history traits and prioritize timing and fish size as two appropriate, measurable dimensions for an ELHD index. We studied diversity index literature, identified an indexing approach based on the effective number of time-size trait combinations, and tested several candidate indices for performance and usefulness in case studies using juvenile salmon catch data from the lower Columbia River and estuary. The recommended ELHD index is diversity expressed as the effective number of time-size trait combinations for the Shannon Index, modified to include an adjustment for missing time-size trait combinations and a sample coverage factor. This index applies to multiple life history strategies of juvenile salmonids; incorporates fish abundance, richness, and evenness; and produces readily interpretable values. The ELHD index can support comparisons across like locales and examinations of trends through time at a given locale. It has application as a high-level indicator to track trends in the status of the recovery of salmon and steelhead populations in the Columbia River basin and elsewhere where salmon recovery efforts are under way. JF - Ecological Indicators AU - Johnson, GE AU - Sather, N K AU - Skalski, J R AU - Teel, D J AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 1529 West Sequim Bay Rd, Sequim, WA 98382, USA Y1 - 2014/03// PY - 2014 DA - March 2014 SP - 170 EP - 180 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 38 SN - 1470-160X, 1470-160X KW - Environment Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - ELHD early life history diversity KW - ESA Endangered Species Act KW - LCRE lower Columbia River and estuary KW - NMFS National Marine Fisheries Service KW - Species diversity KW - Diversity index KW - Life history diversity KW - Chinook salmon KW - Juvenile salmon KW - Abundance KW - USA, Columbia R. KW - Life cycle KW - Oncorhynchus tshawytscha KW - Migration KW - Diversity indices KW - Case studies KW - Downstream KW - Salmonidae KW - Salmon KW - Rivers KW - Data processing KW - Smolts KW - Estuaries KW - River basins KW - USA, Columbia R. basin KW - Life history KW - Indexing KW - Fish KW - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1787983337?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Indicators&rft.atitle=Application+of+diversity+indices+to+quantify+early+life-history+diversity+for+Chinook+salmon&rft.au=Johnson%2C+GE%3BSather%2C+N+K%3BSkalski%2C+J+R%3BTeel%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=GE&rft.date=2014-03-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=&rft.spage=170&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Indicators&rft.issn=1470160X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ecolind.2013.11.005 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Diversity indices; Data processing; Life history; Abundance; Estuaries; Life cycle; River basins; Migration; Salmon; Smolts; Case studies; Indexing; Fish; Downstream; Salmonidae; Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; USA, Columbia R. basin; USA, Columbia R. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2013.11.005 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Three-dimensional ground-motion simulations of earthquakes in the Hanford, Washington area AN - 1752578970; 2016-000808 JF - Seismological Research Letters AU - Frankel, A D AU - Thorne, P AU - Rohaya, Alan AU - Freymuller, Jeff T AU - Haeussler, Peter J Y1 - 2014/03// PY - 2014 DA - March 2014 SP - 469 PB - Seismological Society of America, El Cerrito, CA VL - 85 IS - 2 SN - 0895-0695, 0895-0695 KW - United States KW - Washington KW - three-dimensional models KW - finite difference analysis KW - Gable Mountain Fault KW - prediction KW - Hanford Site KW - simulation KW - models KW - ground motion KW - earthquakes KW - faults KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1752578970?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Three-dimensional+ground-motion+simulations+of+earthquakes+in+the+Hanford%2C+Washington+area&rft.au=Frankel%2C+A+D%3BThorne%2C+P%3BRohaya%2C+Alan%3BFreymuller%2C+Jeff+T%3BHaeussler%2C+Peter+J&rft.aulast=Frankel&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2014-03-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=469&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.issn=08950695&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://srl.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - SSA 2014 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - earthquakes; faults; finite difference analysis; Gable Mountain Fault; ground motion; Hanford Site; models; prediction; simulation; three-dimensional models; United States; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Solid oxide fuel cells for power generation AN - 1717489877; PQ0001958856 AB - Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), based on an oxide ion conducting electrolyte, offer a clean, low-pollution technology to electrochemically generate electricity at high efficiencies. These fuel cells provide many advantages over traditional energy conversion systems including high efficiency, reliability, modularity, fuel adaptability, and very low levels of SO sub(x) and NO sub(x) emissions. Quiet, vibration-free operation of SOFCs also eliminates noise usually associated with conventional power generation systems. Furthermore, because of their high operation temperature (600-1000 degree C), some hydrocarbon fuels such as natural gas can be reformed within the cell stack eliminating the need for an expensive, external reformer. In spite of these advantages, the degree and extent of their market penetration really depends on the ability to reduce the cost of SOFC-based power systems while ensuring their long-term durability. This article reviews the cell and stack materials, cell designs, and present commercial status of power systems built using SOFCs. Conflict of interest: The author has declared no conflicts of interest for this article. JF - Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Energy and Environment AU - Singhal, Subhash C AD - Energy and Environment, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA. Y1 - 2014/03// PY - 2014 DA - Mar 2014 SP - 179 EP - 194 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 United States VL - 3 IS - 2 SN - 2041-8396, 2041-8396 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Energy efficiency KW - Fuel technology KW - Electrolytes KW - Fuels KW - Temperature KW - Natural gas KW - Adaptability KW - Energy KW - Electric power generation KW - Reviews KW - Conflict of interests KW - Emissions KW - Technology KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1717489877?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wiley+Interdisciplinary+Reviews%3A+Energy+and+Environment&rft.atitle=Solid+oxide+fuel+cells+for+power+generation&rft.au=Singhal%2C+Subhash+C&rft.aulast=Singhal&rft.aufirst=Subhash&rft.date=2014-03-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=179&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Wiley+Interdisciplinary+Reviews%3A+Energy+and+Environment&rft.issn=20418396&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fwene.96 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fuel technology; Energy efficiency; Electrolytes; Fuels; Temperature; Natural gas; Adaptability; Reviews; Electric power generation; Energy; Conflict of interests; Emissions; Technology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wene.96 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of natural titanomagnetites (Fe (sub 3-x) Ti (sub x) O (sub 4) ) for studying heterogeneous electron transfer to Tc(VII) in the Hanford subsurface AN - 1560087221; 2014-065712 AB - Sediments with basaltic provenance, such as those at the Hanford nuclear reservation, Washington, USA, are rich in Fe-bearing minerals of mixed valence. These minerals are redox reactive with aqueous O (sub 2) or Fe(II), and have the potential to react with important environmental contaminants including Tc. Here we isolate, identify and characterize natural Fe(II)/Fe(III)-bearing microparticles from Hanford sediments, develop synthetic analogues and investigate their batch redox reactivity with aqueous Tc(VII). Natural Fe-rich mineral samples were isolated by magnetic separation from sediments collected at several locations on Hanford's central plateau. This magnetic mineral fraction was found to represent up to 1 wt% of the total sediment, and be composed of 90% magnetite with minor ilmenite and hematite, as determined by X-ray diffraction. The magnetite contained variable amounts of transition metals consistent with alio- and isovalent metal substitutions for Fe. X-ray microprobe analysis showed that Ti was the most significant substituent, and that these grains could be described with the titanomagnetite formula Fe (sub 3-x) Ti (sub x) O (sub 4) , which falls between endmember magnetite (x=0) and ulvospinel (x=1). The dominant composition was determined to be x=0.15 by chemical analysis and electron probe microanalysis in the bulk, and by L-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy at the surface. Site-level characterization of the titanomagnetites by X-ray magnetic circular dichroism showed that despite native oxidation, octahedral Fe(II) was detectable within 5 nm of the mineral surface. By testing the effect of contact with oxic Hanford and Ringold groundwaters to reduced Ringold groundwater, it was found that the concentration of this near-surface structural Fe(II) was strongly dependent on aqueous redox condition. This highlights the potential for restoring reducing equivalents and thus reduction capacity to oxidized Fe-mineral surfaces through redox cycling in the natural environment. Reaction of these magnetically-separated natural phases from Hanford sediments with a solution containing 10mu M Tc(VII) showed that they were able to reductively immobilize Tc(VII) with concurrent oxidation of Fe(II) to Fe(III) at the mineral surface, as were synthetic x=0.15 microparticle and nanoparticle analogue phases. When differences in the particle surface area to solution volume ratio were taken into consideration, measured Tc(VII) reduction rates for Fe (sub 3-x) Ti (sub x) O (sub 4) (x=0.15) natural material, synthetic bulk powder and nanoparticles scaled systematically, suggesting possible utility for comprehensive batch and flow reactivity studies. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Pearce, Carolyn I AU - Liu, J AU - Baer, D R AU - Qafoku, O AU - Heald, Steve M AU - Arenholz, E AU - Grosz, A E AU - McKinley, J P AU - Resch, C T AU - Bowden, M E AU - Engelhard, M H AU - Rosso, K M Y1 - 2014/03/01/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Mar 01 SP - 114 EP - 127 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 128 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - volcanic rocks KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - isotopes KW - igneous rocks KW - environmental analysis KW - titanomagnetite KW - ground water KW - electron probe data KW - XANES spectra KW - Cenozoic KW - radioactive isotopes KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - basalts KW - sediments KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - X-ray photoelectron spectra KW - chemical composition KW - water pollution KW - electrons KW - Washington KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - Ringold Formation KW - X-ray spectra KW - Tertiary KW - soil pollution KW - Neogene KW - EXAFS data KW - crystal chemistry KW - SEM data KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1560087221?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+natural+titanomagnetites+%28Fe+%28sub+3-x%29+Ti+%28sub+x%29+O+%28sub+4%29+%29+for+studying+heterogeneous+electron+transfer+to+Tc%28VII%29+in+the+Hanford+subsurface&rft.au=Pearce%2C+Carolyn+I%3BLiu%2C+J%3BBaer%2C+D+R%3BQafoku%2C+O%3BHeald%2C+Steve+M%3BArenholz%2C+E%3BGrosz%2C+A+E%3BMcKinley%2C+J+P%3BResch%2C+C+T%3BBowden%2C+M+E%3BEngelhard%2C+M+H%3BRosso%2C+K+M&rft.aulast=Pearce&rft.aufirst=Carolyn&rft.date=2014-03-01&rft.volume=128&rft.issue=&rft.spage=114&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2013.12.010 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2014-09-05 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - basalts; Cenozoic; chemical composition; chemical reactions; crystal chemistry; electron probe data; electrons; environmental analysis; EXAFS data; ground water; Hanford Site; igneous rocks; isotopes; Neogene; oxides; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; Ringold Formation; sediments; SEM data; soil pollution; solute transport; spectra; Tertiary; titanomagnetite; transport; United States; volcanic rocks; Washington; water pollution; X-ray diffraction data; X-ray photoelectron spectra; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2013.12.010 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geochemical and mineralogical investigation of uranium in multi-element contaminated, organic-rich subsurface sediment AN - 1560081991; 2014-065784 AB - Subsurface regions of alluvial sediments characterized by an abundance of refractory or lignitic organic carbon compounds and reduced Fe and S bearing minerals, which are referred to as naturally reduced zones (NRZ), are present at the Integrated Field Research Challenge site in Rifle, CO (a former U mill site), and other contaminated subsurface sites. A study was conducted to demonstrate that the NRZ contains a variety of contaminants and unique minerals and potential contaminant hosts, investigate micron-scale spatial association of U with other co-contaminants, and determine solid phase-bounded U valence state and phase identity. The NRZ sediment had significant solid phase concentrations of U and other co-contaminants suggesting competing sorption reactions and complex temporal variations in dissolved contaminant concentrations in response to transient redox conditions, compared to single contaminant systems. The NRZ sediment had a remarkable assortment of potential contaminant hosts, such as Fe oxides, siderite, Fe(II) bearing clays, rare solids such as ZnS framboids and CuSe, and, potentially, chemically complex sulfides. Micron-scale inspections of the solid phase showed that U was spatially associated with other co-contaminants. High concentration, multi-contaminant, micron size (ca. 5-30mu m) areas of mainly U(IV) (53-100%) which occurred as biogenic UO (sub 2) (82%), or biomass - bound monomeric U(IV) (18%), were discovered within the sediment matrix confirming that biotically induced reduction and subsequent sequestration of contaminant U(VI) via natural attenuation occurred in this NRZ. A combination of assorted solid phase species and an abundance of redox-sensitive constituents may slow U(IV) oxidation rates, effectively enhancing the stability of U(IV) sequestered via natural attenuation, impeding rapid U flushing, and turning NRZs into sinks and long-term, slow-release sources of U contamination to groundwater. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Applied Geochemistry AU - Qafoku, Nikolla P AU - Gartman, Brandy N AU - Kukkadapu, Ravi K AU - Arey, Bruce W AU - Williams, Kenneth H AU - Mouser, Paula J AU - Heald, Steve M AU - Bargar, John R AU - Janot, Noemie AU - Yabusaki, Steve AU - Long, Philip E Y1 - 2014/03// PY - 2014 DA - March 2014 SP - 77 EP - 85 PB - Elsevier, Oxford-New York-Beijing VL - 42 SN - 0883-2927, 0883-2927 KW - United States KW - Garfield County Colorado KW - isotopes KW - biomass KW - XANES spectra KW - Rifle Colorado KW - naturally reduced zones KW - mineral composition KW - sediments KW - X-ray fluorescence spectra KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - reduction KW - chemical composition KW - Eh KW - Mossbauer spectra KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - X-ray spectra KW - organic compounds KW - metals KW - energy dispersive spectra KW - EXAFS data KW - uranium KW - Colorado KW - sulfides KW - actinides KW - SEM data KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1560081991?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Geochemical+and+mineralogical+investigation+of+uranium+in+multi-element+contaminated%2C+organic-rich+subsurface+sediment&rft.au=Qafoku%2C+Nikolla+P%3BGartman%2C+Brandy+N%3BKukkadapu%2C+Ravi+K%3BArey%2C+Bruce+W%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth+H%3BMouser%2C+Paula+J%3BHeald%2C+Steve+M%3BBargar%2C+John+R%3BJanot%2C+Noemie%3BYabusaki%2C+Steve%3BLong%2C+Philip+E&rft.aulast=Qafoku&rft.aufirst=Nikolla&rft.date=2014-03-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=&rft.spage=77&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.issn=08832927&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.apgeochem.2013.12.001 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/08832927 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2014-09-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; biomass; chemical composition; Colorado; Eh; energy dispersive spectra; EXAFS data; Garfield County Colorado; isotopes; metals; mineral composition; Mossbauer spectra; naturally reduced zones; organic compounds; oxides; pollutants; pollution; reduction; Rifle Colorado; sediments; SEM data; spectra; sulfides; United States; uranium; X-ray fluorescence spectra; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2013.12.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A streamline splitting pore-network approach for computationally inexpensive and accurate simulation of transport in porous media AN - 1542646164; 2014-048687 AB - Several approaches have been developed in the literature for solving flow and transport at the pore scale. Some authors use a direct modeling approach where the fundamental flow and transport equations are solved on the actual pore-space geometry. Such direct modeling, while very accurate, comes at a great computational cost. Network models are computationally more efficient because the pore-space morphology is approximated. Typically, a mixed cell method (MCM) is employed for solving the flow and transport system which assumes pore-level perfect mixing. This assumption is invalid at moderate to high Peclet regimes. In this work, a novel Eulerian perspective on modeling flow and transport at the pore scale is developed. The new streamline splitting method (SSM) allows for circumventing the pore-level perfect-mixing assumption, while maintaining the computational efficiency of pore-network models. SSM was verified with direct simulations and validated against micromodel experiments; excellent matches were obtained across a wide range of pore-structure and fluid-flow parameters. The increase in the computational cost from MCM to SSM is shown to be minimal, while the accuracy of SSM is much higher than that of MCM and comparable to direct modeling approaches. Therefore, SSM can be regarded as an appropriate balance between incorporating detailed physics and controlling computational cost. The truly predictive capability of the model allows for the study of pore-level interactions of fluid flow and transport in different porous materials. In this paper, we apply SSM and MCM to study the effects of pore-level mixing on transverse dispersion in 3-D disordered granular media. Abstract Copyright (2014), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Mehmani, Yashar AU - Oostrom, Mart AU - Balhoff, Matthew T Y1 - 2014/03// PY - 2014 DA - March 2014 SP - 2488 EP - 2517 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 50 IS - 3 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - granular materials KW - numerical models KW - transport KW - digital simulation KW - data processing KW - theoretical models KW - streamline splitting method KW - porous materials KW - porosity KW - ground water KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1542646164?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=A+streamline+splitting+pore-network+approach+for+computationally+inexpensive+and+accurate+simulation+of+transport+in+porous+media&rft.au=Mehmani%2C+Yashar%3BOostrom%2C+Mart%3BBalhoff%2C+Matthew+T&rft.aulast=Mehmani&rft.aufirst=Yashar&rft.date=2014-03-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=2488&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2013WR014984 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-04 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - data processing; digital simulation; granular materials; ground water; numerical models; porosity; porous materials; streamline splitting method; theoretical models; transport DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2013WR014984 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Process Modeling of Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Wet-Exploded Corn Stover AN - 1534830306; 19363001 AB - The aim of this work was to investigate the optimal process conditions leading to high glucose yield (over 80 %) after wet explosion (WEx) pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis. The study focused on determining the "sweet spot" where the glucose yield obtained is optimized compared to the cost of the enzymes. WEx pretreatment was conducted at different temperatures, times, and oxygen concentrations to determine the best WEx pretreatment conditions for the most efficient enzymatic hydrolysis. Enzymatic hydrolysis was further optimized at the optimal conditions using central composite design of response surface methodology with respect to two variables: Cellic registered CTec2 loading [5 to 40 mg enzyme protein (EP)/g glucan] and substrate concentration (SC) (5 to 20 %) at 50 degree C for 72 h. The most efficient and economic conditions for corn stover conversion to glucose were obtained when wet-exploded at 170 degree C for 20 min with 5.5 bar oxygen followed by enzymatic hydrolysis at 20 % SC and 15 mg EP/g glucan (5 filter paper units) resulting in a glucose yield of 84 %. JF - BioEnergy Research AU - Rana, Vandana AU - Rana, Diwakar AU - Ahring, Birgitte K AD - Bioproducts, Sciences and Engineering Laboratory (BSEL), Washington State University, 2710 Crimson Way, Richland, WA, 99354-1671, USA, Bka@wsu.edu Y1 - 2014/03// PY - 2014 DA - Mar 2014 SP - 450 EP - 459 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 7 IS - 1 SN - 1939-1234, 1939-1234 KW - Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Filters KW - Oxygen KW - Corn KW - Glucose KW - Temperature KW - Enzymes KW - Proteins KW - Economic conditions KW - Hydrolysis KW - Biofuels KW - Explosions KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1534830306?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BioEnergy+Research&rft.atitle=Process+Modeling+of+Enzymatic+Hydrolysis+of+Wet-Exploded+Corn+Stover&rft.au=Rana%2C+Vandana%3BRana%2C+Diwakar%3BAhring%2C+Birgitte+K&rft.aulast=Rana&rft.aufirst=Vandana&rft.date=2014-03-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=450&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BioEnergy+Research&rft.issn=19391234&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12155-013-9384-6 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-06-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Filters; Oxygen; Corn; Temperature; Glucose; Proteins; Enzymes; Economic conditions; Hydrolysis; Explosions; Biofuels DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12155-013-9384-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Robust spring drying in the southwestern U.S. and seasonal migration of wet/dry patterns in a warmer climate AN - 1529903027; 19625457 AB - This study compares climate simulations over North America produced by a regional climate model with the driving global climate simulations as well as a multimodel ensemble of global climate simulations to investigate robust changes in water availability (precipitation (P)-evapotranspiration (E)). A robust spring-drying signal across multiple models is identified in the Southwest that results from a decrease in P and an increase in E in the future. In the boreal winter and summer, the prominent changes in P-E are associated with a north-south dipole pattern, while in spring, the prominent changes in P-E appear as an east-west dipole pattern. The progression of the north-south and east-west dipole patterns through the seasons manifests clearly as a seasonal "clockwise" migration of wet/dry patterns, which is a robust feature of water availability changes in North America consistent across regional and global climate simulations. Key Points * Multimodels show a robust spring drying in southwestern U.S. * Water availability changes follow north-south and east-west dipole patterns * Seasonal migration of wet/dry patterns in the U.S. JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Gao, Yang AU - Leung, LRuby AU - Lu, Jian AU - Liu, Ying AU - Huang, Maoyi AU - Qian, Yun AD - Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA. Y1 - 2014/03// PY - 2014 DA - March 2014 SP - 1745 EP - 1751 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 United States VL - 41 IS - 5 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - climate change KW - water availability KW - regional climate simulations KW - global climate simulations KW - Climate change KW - Spring KW - Migration KW - Seasonal variability KW - Regional climate models KW - North America KW - Climate models KW - Climates KW - Available Water KW - Drying KW - Precipitation KW - Model Studies KW - Global climate KW - USA KW - Numerical simulations KW - Global warming KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - SW 0810:General KW - M2 551.581:Latitudinal Influences (551.581) KW - Q2 09261:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1529903027?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Robust+spring+drying+in+the+southwestern+U.S.+and+seasonal+migration+of+wet%2Fdry+patterns+in+a+warmer+climate&rft.au=Gao%2C+Yang%3BLeung%2C+LRuby%3BLu%2C+Jian%3BLiu%2C+Ying%3BHuang%2C+Maoyi%3BQian%2C+Yun&rft.aulast=Gao&rft.aufirst=Yang&rft.date=2014-03-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1745&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2014GL059562 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Climate change; Drying; Spring; Global climate; Climate models; Numerical simulations; Global warming; Regional climate models; Seasonal variability; Precipitation; Climates; Available Water; Migration; Model Studies; North America; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014GL059562 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Scalability of grid- and subbasin-based land surface modeling approaches for hydrologic simulations AN - 1520374743; 19719080 AB - This paper investigates the relative merits of grid-and subbasin-based land surface modeling approaches for hydrologic simulations, with a focus on their scalability (i.e., ability to perform consistently across spatial resolutions) in simulating runoff generation. Simulations are produced by the grid- and subbasin-based Community Land Model at 0.125 degree , 0.25 degree , 0.5 degree , and 1 degree spatial resolutions over the U.S. Pacific Northwest. Using the 0.125 degree simulation as the "reference" solution, statistical metrics are calculated by comparing simulations at 0.25 degree , 0.5 degree , and 1 degree resolutions with the 0.125 degree simulation for each approach. Statistical significance test results suggest significant scalability advantage for the subbasin-based approach compared to the grid-based approach. Basin level annual average relative errors of surface runoff at 0.25 degree , 0.5 degree , and 1 degree resolutions compared to the 0.125 degree simulation are 3%, 4%, and 6% for the subbasin-based configuration and 4%, 7%, and 11% for the grid-based configuration, respectively. The scalability advantages are more pronounced during winter/spring and over mountainous regions. The source of runoff scalability is found to be related to the scalability of major meteorological and land surface parameters of runoff generation. More specifically, the subbasin-based approach is more consistent across spatial scales than the grid-based approach in snowfall/rainfall partitioning because of scalability related to air temperature and surface elevation. Scalability of a topographic parameter used in runoff parameterization also contributes to improved scalability of the rain-driven saturated surface runoff component, particularly during winter. Hence, this study demonstrates the importance of spatial structure for multiscale modeling of hydrological processes. Key Points * Subbasin-based approach offers significant scalability advantages * Scalability is more pronounced during winter/spring and over mountainous regions * Runoff scalability is related to scalability of parameters of runoff generation JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres AU - Tesfa, Teklu K AU - Ruby Leung, L AU - Huang, Maoyi AU - Li, Hong-Yi AU - Voisin, Nathalie AU - Wigmosta, Mark S AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA. Y1 - 2014/03// PY - 2014 DA - Mar 2014 SP - 3166 EP - 3184 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD United Kingdom VL - 119 IS - 6 SN - 2169-897X, 2169-897X KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Grid-based KW - Land surface modeling KW - Model scalability KW - Surface Runoff KW - Rainfall KW - Statistical analysis KW - INE, USA, Pacific Northwest KW - Air temperature KW - Hydrologic Models KW - Ocean-atmosphere system KW - Surface runoff KW - Modelling KW - Testing Procedures KW - Marine KW - Hydrologic analysis KW - Air Temperature KW - Errors KW - Numerical simulations KW - Elevation KW - Mountain regions KW - Rainfall-runoff modeling KW - Runoff KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - M2 551.578.4:Crystalline (551.578.4) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1520374743?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.atitle=Scalability+of+grid-+and+subbasin-based+land+surface+modeling+approaches+for+hydrologic+simulations&rft.au=Tesfa%2C+Teklu+K%3BRuby+Leung%2C+L%3BHuang%2C+Maoyi%3BLi%2C+Hong-Yi%3BVoisin%2C+Nathalie%3BWigmosta%2C+Mark+S&rft.aulast=Tesfa&rft.aufirst=Teklu&rft.date=2014-03-01&rft.volume=119&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=3166&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.issn=2169897X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2013JD020493 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ocean-atmosphere system; Air temperature; Runoff; Modelling; Hydrologic analysis; Numerical simulations; Statistical analysis; Rainfall-runoff modeling; Surface runoff; Mountain regions; Testing Procedures; Hydrologic Models; Air Temperature; Surface Runoff; Rainfall; Elevation; Errors; INE, USA, Pacific Northwest; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2013JD020493 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Dependence of ITCZ Structure on Model Resolution and Dynamical Core in Aquaplanet Simulations AN - 1512336320; 19442917 AB - Aquaplanet simulations using the Community Atmosphere Model, version 4 (CAM4), with the Model for Prediction Across ScalesAtmosphere (MPAS-A) and High-Order Method Modeling Environment (HOMME) dynamical cores and using zonally symmetric sea surface temperature (SST) structure are studied to understand the dependence of the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) structure on resolution and dynamical core. While all resolutions in HOMME and the low-resolution MPAS-A simulations give a single equatorial peak in zonal mean precipitation, the high-resolution MPAS-A simulations give a double ITCZ with precipitation peaking around 2DG3DG on either side of the equator. This study reveals that the structure of ITCZ is dependent on the feedbacks between convection and large-scale circulation. It is shown that the difference in specific humidity between HOMME and MPAS-A can lead to different latitudinal distributions of the convective available potential energy (CAPE) by influencing latent heat release by clouds and the upper-tropospheric temperature. With lower specific humidity, the high-resolution MPAS-A simulation has CAPE increasing away from the equator that enhances convection away from the equator and, through a positive feedback on the circulation, results in a double ITCZ structure. In addition, it is shown that the dominance of antisymmetric waves in the model is not enough to cause double ITCZ, and the lateral extent of equatorial waves does not play an important role in determining the width of the ITCZ but rather the latter may influence the former. JF - Journal of Climate AU - Landu, Kiranmayi AU - Leung, LRuby AU - Hagos, Samson AU - Vinoj, V AU - Rauscher, Sara A AU - Ringler, Todd AU - Taylor, Mark AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington Y1 - 2014/03// PY - 2014 DA - March 2014 SP - 2375 EP - 2385 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 United States VL - 27 IS - 6 SN - 0894-8755, 0894-8755 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Specific humidity KW - Convection KW - AS, Atlantic, Intertropical Convergence Zone KW - Intertropical Convergence Zone KW - Convective available potential energy KW - Positive feedback KW - Convection development KW - Species Composition KW - Equatorial waves KW - Potential energy KW - Cores KW - Intertropical convergence zone KW - Waves KW - Sea surface temperature forecasting KW - Specific Humidity KW - Climate models KW - Mean precipitation KW - Climate KW - Temperature KW - Humidity KW - Simulation KW - Atmospheric circulation KW - Precipitation KW - Model Studies KW - Clouds KW - Community composition KW - Numerical simulations KW - Latitudinal variations KW - Latent heat release KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - M2 551.58:Climatology (551.58) KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - AQ 00009:Appropriate Technology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1512336320?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Climate&rft.atitle=The+Dependence+of+ITCZ+Structure+on+Model+Resolution+and+Dynamical+Core+in+Aquaplanet+Simulations&rft.au=Landu%2C+Kiranmayi%3BLeung%2C+LRuby%3BHagos%2C+Samson%3BVinoj%2C+V%3BRauscher%2C+Sara+A%3BRingler%2C+Todd%3BTaylor%2C+Mark&rft.aulast=Landu&rft.aufirst=Kiranmayi&rft.date=2014-03-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2375&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Climate&rft.issn=08948755&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2FJCLI-D-13-00269.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 41 N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Convection; Specific humidity; Community composition; Latitudinal variations; Intertropical convergence zone; Climate; Simulation; Equatorial waves; Potential energy; Climate models; Mean precipitation; Intertropical Convergence Zone; Humidity; Convective available potential energy; Convection development; Atmospheric circulation; Positive feedback; Precipitation; Clouds; Numerical simulations; Latent heat release; Sea surface temperature forecasting; Cores; Temperature; Waves; Specific Humidity; Species Composition; Model Studies; AS, Atlantic, Intertropical Convergence Zone DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00269.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Role of Subtropical Irreversible PV Mixing in the Zonal Mean Circulation Response to Global Warming-Like Thermal Forcing AN - 1512321789; 19442921 AB - The atmospheric circulation response to the global warming-like tropical upper tropospheric heating is revisited using a dry atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) in light of new diagnostics based on the concept of finite-amplitude wave activity (FAWA) on equivalent latitude. For a given tropical heating profile, the linear Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin (WKB) wave refraction analysis sometimes gives a very different and even opposite prediction of the eddy momentum flux response to that of the actual full model simulation, exposing the limitation of the traditional linear approach in understanding the full dynamics of the atmospheric response under global warming. The implementation of the FAWA diagnostics reveals that in response to the upper tropospheric heating, effective diffusivity--a measure of the mixing efficiency--increases and advances upward and poleward in the subtropics and the resultant enhancement and the poleward encroachment of eddy potential vorticity mixing leads to a poleward displaced potential vorticity (PV) gradient peak in the upper troposphere. The anomalous eddy PV flux, in balance with the PV dissipation, gives rise to a poleward shift in the eddy-driven jet and eddy-driven mean meridional circulation. Sensitivity experiments show that these irreversible dissipation processes in the upper troposphere are robust, regardless of the width of the tropical heating. JF - Journal of Climate AU - Lu, Jian AU - Sun, Lantao AU - Wu, Yutian AU - Chen, Gang AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington Y1 - 2014/03// PY - 2014 DA - March 2014 SP - 2297 EP - 2316 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 United States VL - 27 IS - 6 SN - 0894-8755, 0894-8755 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Prediction KW - Climate change KW - Eddy momentum flux KW - Mean meridional circulation KW - Potential vorticity KW - Latitude KW - Marine KW - Sensitivity KW - Troposphere KW - Ocean circulation KW - Simulation KW - Oceanic eddies KW - Greenhouse effect KW - Atmospheric circulation KW - Numerical simulations KW - General circulation models KW - Global warming KW - Momentum transfer KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - M2 551.588:Environmental Influences (551.588) KW - O 2070:Meteorology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1512321789?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Climate&rft.atitle=The+Role+of+Subtropical+Irreversible+PV+Mixing+in+the+Zonal+Mean+Circulation+Response+to+Global+Warming-Like+Thermal+Forcing&rft.au=Lu%2C+Jian%3BSun%2C+Lantao%3BWu%2C+Yutian%3BChen%2C+Gang&rft.aulast=Lu&rft.aufirst=Jian&rft.date=2014-03-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2297&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Climate&rft.issn=08948755&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2FJCLI-D-13-00372.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 50 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Potential vorticity; Climate change; Simulation; Ocean circulation; Troposphere; Atmospheric circulation; Greenhouse effect; Oceanic eddies; Momentum transfer; Numerical simulations; General circulation models; Global warming; Eddy momentum flux; Mean meridional circulation; Prediction; Sensitivity; Latitude; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00372.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bayesian model aggregation for ensemble-based estimates of protein pK sub(a) values AN - 1505345753; 19318199 AB - This article investigates an ensemble-based technique called Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA) to improve the performance of protein amino acid pK sub(a) predictions. Structure-based pK sub(a) calculations play an important role in the mechanistic interpretation of protein structure and are also used to determine a wide range of protein properties. A diverse set of methods currently exist for pK sub(a) prediction, ranging from empirical statistical models to ab initio quantum mechanical approaches. However, each of these methods are based on a set of conceptual assumptions that can effect a model's accuracy and generalizability for pK sub(a) prediction in complicated biomolecular systems. We use BMA to combine eleven diverse prediction methods that each estimate pK sub(a) values of amino acids in staphylococcal nuclease. These methods are based on work conducted for the pK sub(a) Cooperative and the pK sub(a) measurements are based on experimental work conducted by the Garcia-Moreno lab. Our cross-validation study demonstrates that the aggregated estimate obtained from BMA outperforms all individual prediction methods with improvements ranging from 45 to 73% over other method classes. This study also compares BMA's predictive performance to other ensemble-based techniques and demonstrates that BMA can outperform these approaches with improvements ranging from 27 to 60%. This work illustrates a new possible mechanism for improving the accuracy of pK sub(a) prediction and lays the foundation for future work on aggregate models that balance computational cost with prediction accuracy. Proteins 2014; 82:354-363. copyright 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. JF - Proteins: Structure, Function and Bioinformatics AU - Gosink, Luke J AU - Hogan, Emilie A AU - Pulsipher, Trenton C AU - Baker, Nathan A AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Computational and Statistical Analytics Division, MSID K7-2, Richland, Washington, 99352. Y1 - 2014/03// PY - 2014 DA - Mar 2014 SP - 354 EP - 363 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 United States VL - 82 IS - 3 SN - 0887-3585, 0887-3585 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Amino acids KW - Protein kinase A KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1505345753?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proteins%3A+Structure%2C+Function+and+Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=Bayesian+model+aggregation+for+ensemble-based+estimates+of+protein+pK+sub%28a%29+values&rft.au=Gosink%2C+Luke+J%3BHogan%2C+Emilie+A%3BPulsipher%2C+Trenton+C%3BBaker%2C+Nathan+A&rft.aulast=Gosink&rft.aufirst=Luke&rft.date=2014-03-01&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=354&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proteins%3A+Structure%2C+Function+and+Bioinformatics&rft.issn=08873585&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fprot.24390 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Protein kinase A DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prot.24390 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Parametric sensitivity and calibration for the Kain-Fritsch convective parameterization scheme in the WRF model AN - 1639984856; 21118757 AB - Convective parameterizations used in climate models display sensitivity to model resolution and variable skill in different climatic regimes. Although parameters in convective schemes can be calibrated using observations to reduce model errors, it is not clear if the optimal parameters calibrated based on regional data can robustly improve model skill across different model resolutions and climatic regimes. In this study, this issue is investigated using a regional modeling framework based on the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. To quantify the response and sensitivity of model performance to model parameters, we identified 5 key input parameters and specified their ranges in the Kain-Fritsch (KF) convection scheme in WRF, and calibrated them across different spatial resolutions, climatic regimes, and radiation schemes using observed precipitation data. Results show that the optimal values for 5 input parameters in the KF scheme are similar, and model sensitivity and error exhibit similar dependence on the input parameters for all experiments conducted in this study, despite differences in the precipitation climatology. We found that the model overall performances in simulating precipitation are relatively more sensitive to the coefficients of downdraft and entrainment mass flux, as well as to the starting height of downdraft. However, we found that rainfall biases-which are probably more related to structural errors-still exist over some regions in the simulation, even with the optimal parameters. This suggests that further studies are needed to identify the sources of uncertainties, as well as to reduce the model biases or structural errors, both of which are associated with missed or misrepresented physical processes and/or potential problems with the modeling. JF - Climate Research AU - Yan, H AU - Qian, Y AU - Lin, G AU - Leung, L R AU - Yang, B AU - Fu, Q AD - School of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA, yun.qian@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2014/02/19/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Feb 19 SP - 135 EP - 147 PB - Inter-Research, Nordbuente 23 Oldendorf/Luhe 21385 Germany VL - 59 IS - 2 SN - 0936-577X, 0936-577X KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Sensitivity KW - Convection scheme KW - Parameters KW - Calibration KW - Optimization KW - Regional climate model KW - WRF KW - Prediction KW - Convection KW - Precipitation data KW - Entrainment KW - Rainfall KW - Climate change KW - Convection development KW - Downdrafts KW - Mass flux KW - Precipitation climatology KW - Model sensitivity KW - Radiation KW - Climatology KW - Weather forecasting KW - Modelling KW - Weather KW - Climate models KW - Climate KW - Simulation KW - Precipitation KW - Numerical simulations KW - Regional-scale models KW - Convective activity KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - O 2010:Physical Oceanography KW - M2 551.581:Latitudinal Influences (551.581) KW - ENA 19:Water Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1639984856?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climate+Research&rft.atitle=Parametric+sensitivity+and+calibration+for+the+Kain-Fritsch+convective+parameterization+scheme+in+the+WRF+model&rft.au=Yan%2C+H%3BQian%2C+Y%3BLin%2C+G%3BLeung%2C+L+R%3BYang%2C+B%3BFu%2C+Q&rft.aulast=Yan&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2014-02-19&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=135&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climate+Research&rft.issn=0936577X&rft_id=info:doi/10.3354%2Fcr01213 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Convection; Prediction; Climate change; Climatology; Weather forecasting; Modelling; Entrainment; Precipitation data; Climate models; Convection development; Precipitation; Downdrafts; Mass flux; Precipitation climatology; Model sensitivity; Radiation; Numerical simulations; Regional-scale models; Convective activity; Weather; Sensitivity; Rainfall; Climate; Simulation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/cr01213 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sediment geochronology using 32-Si and ultra-sensitive low background beta detection AN - 1803773268; 2016-061223 JF - Ocean Sciences Meeting AU - Gill, Gary A AU - Brandenberger, Jill M AU - Arrigo, Leah M AU - Keillor, M E AU - Hossbach, T W AU - Sharp, Jonathan AU - Briscoe, Mel AU - Itsweire, Eric Y1 - 2014/02// PY - 2014 DA - February 2014 EP - Abstract 17385 PB - American Geophysical Union (AGU), [varies] VL - 17 KW - Cenozoic KW - detection KW - Quaternary KW - geochronology KW - isotopes KW - silica KW - sediments KW - sulfur KW - S-32 KW - Holocene KW - stable isotopes KW - 03:Geochronology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1803773268?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ocean+Sciences+Meeting&rft.atitle=Sediment+geochronology+using+32-Si+and+ultra-sensitive+low+background+beta+detection&rft.au=Gill%2C+Gary+A%3BBrandenberger%2C+Jill+M%3BArrigo%2C+Leah+M%3BKeillor%2C+M+E%3BHossbach%2C+T+W%3BSharp%2C+Jonathan%3BBriscoe%2C+Mel%3BItsweire%2C+Eric&rft.aulast=Gill&rft.aufirst=Gary&rft.date=2014-02-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ocean+Sciences+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2014 ocean sciences meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-14 N1 - CODEN - #07653 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cenozoic; detection; geochronology; Holocene; isotopes; Quaternary; S-32; sediments; silica; stable isotopes; sulfur ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Asymmetry of radiation damage properties in Al-Ti nanolayers AN - 1794495696; PQ0003147141 AB - Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were employed with empirical potentials to study the effects of multilayer interfaces and interface spacing in Al-Ti nanolayers. Several model interfaces derived from stacking of close-packed layers or face-centered cubic {100} layers were investigated. The simulations reveal significant and important asymmetries in defect production with ~60% of vacancies created in Al layers compared to Ti layers within the Al-Ti multilayer system. The asymmetry in the creation of interstitials is even more pronounced. The asymmetries cause an imbalance in the ratio of vacancies and interstitials in films of dissimilar materials leading to >90% of the surviving interstitials located in the Al layers. While in the close-packed nanolayers the interstitials migrate to the atomic layers adjacent to the interface of the Al layers, in the {100} nanolayers the interstitials migrate to the center of the Al layers and away from the interfaces. The degree of asymmetry and defect ratio imbalance increases as the layer spacing decreases in the multilayer films. Underlying physical processes are discussed including the interfacial strain fields and the individual elemental layer stopping power in nanolayered systems. In addition, experimental work was performed on low-dose (10 super(16) atoms/cm super(2)) helium (He) irradiation on Al/Ti nanolayers (5 nm per film), resulting in He bubble formation ~1 nm in diameter in the Ti film near the interface. The correlation between the preferential flux of displaced atoms from Ti films to Al films during the defect production that is revealed in the simulations and the morphology and location of He bubbles from the experiments is discussed. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Setyawan, Wahyu AU - Gerboth, Matthew AU - Yao, Bo AU - Henager, Charles H AU - Devaraj, Arun AU - Vemuri, Venkata RSR AU - Thevuthasan, Suntharampillai AU - Shutthanandan, Vaithiyalingam AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA, wahyu.setyawan@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2014/02// PY - 2014 DA - February 2014 SP - 261 EP - 271 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 445 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Radiation KW - Irradiation KW - Morphology KW - Radioactive materials KW - Simulation KW - Helium KW - ENA 06:Food & Drugs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1794495696?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Asymmetry+of+radiation+damage+properties+in+Al-Ti+nanolayers&rft.au=Setyawan%2C+Wahyu%3BGerboth%2C+Matthew%3BYao%2C+Bo%3BHenager%2C+Charles+H%3BDevaraj%2C+Arun%3BVemuri%2C+Venkata+RSR%3BThevuthasan%2C+Suntharampillai%3BShutthanandan%2C+Vaithiyalingam&rft.aulast=Setyawan&rft.aufirst=Wahyu&rft.date=2014-02-01&rft.volume=445&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=261&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2013.11.012 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-06-01 N1 - Number of references - 46 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Radiation; Irradiation; Radioactive materials; Morphology; Helium; Simulation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2013.11.012 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A unified multiscale model for pore-scaleflow simulations in soils AN - 1618135110; 2014-085166 AB - Pore-scale simulations have received increasing interest in subsurface sciences to provide mechanistic insights into the macroscopic phenomena of fluid flow and reactive transport processes. The application of pore-scale simulations to soils and sediments is challenging, however, because of the characterization limitation that often allows only partial resolution of pore structure and geometry. A significant proportion of the pore spaces in soils and sediments is below the spatial resolution, forming a mixed medium with pore and porous regions. The objective of this research was to develop a unified multiscale model (UMSM) that can be used to simulate fluid flow and transport in mixed media containing pore and porous regions. The UMSM modifies the classic Navier-Stokes (N-S) equations by adding a Darcy term to describe fluid momentum and uses a generalized mass balance equation for saturated and unsaturated conditions. A series of simulations of water flow in pore, porous, and mixed pore and porous regions were performed to evaluate the UMSM by comparing with other numerical approaches. A water imbibition experiment was conducted in a soil column to compare theoretical predictions with experimental measurements. The results indicated that the UMSM is numerically equivalent to the N-S equations in pore regions, becomes Darcy's law in porous regions, and is equivalent to a model coupling the N-S and Darcy's law in a mixed medium containing pore and porous regions. The UMSM-simulated water imbibition also matched well with experimental measurements in the soil column, with its pore structures characterized from X-ray tomography. The UMSM approach allows direct simulation of fluid flow at the voxel resolution of characterization in realistic soils and sediments under both saturated and unsaturated conditions. JF - Soil Science Society of America Journal AU - Yang, Xiaofan AU - Liu, Chongxuan AU - Shang, Jianying AU - Fang, Yilin AU - Bailey, Vanessa L Y1 - 2014/02// PY - 2014 DA - February 2014 SP - 108 EP - 118 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 78 IS - 1 SN - 0361-5995, 0361-5995 KW - United States KW - moisture KW - unsaturated zone KW - fluid dynamics KW - simulation KW - cores KW - nitrogen KW - carbon dioxide KW - laboratory studies KW - scale models KW - carbon KW - organic carbon KW - soils KW - experimental studies KW - Washington KW - numerical models KW - Darcy's law KW - biochemistry KW - fluid flow KW - porous materials KW - mathematical models KW - equations KW - porosity KW - morphology KW - imbibition KW - saturation KW - Navier-Stokes equations KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - multiscale models KW - computed tomography data KW - Rattlesnake Mountain KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1618135110?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.atitle=A+unified+multiscale+model+for+pore-scaleflow+simulations+in+soils&rft.au=Yang%2C+Xiaofan%3BLiu%2C+Chongxuan%3BShang%2C+Jianying%3BFang%2C+Yilin%3BBailey%2C+Vanessa+L&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=Xiaofan&rft.date=2014-02-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=108&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.issn=03615995&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fsssaj2013.05.0190 L2 - https://www.soils.org/publications/sssaj LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 50 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendix N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-30 N1 - CODEN - SSSJD4 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biochemistry; carbon; carbon dioxide; computed tomography data; cores; Darcy's law; equations; experimental studies; fluid dynamics; fluid flow; hydraulic conductivity; imbibition; laboratory studies; mathematical models; moisture; morphology; multiscale models; Navier-Stokes equations; nitrogen; numerical models; organic carbon; porosity; porous materials; Rattlesnake Mountain; saturation; scale models; simulation; soils; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2013.05.0190 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of controlling processes for field-scale uranium reactive transport under highly transient flow conditions AN - 1545408335; 2014-055357 AB - This paper presents the results of a comprehensive model-based analysis of a uranyl [U(VI)] tracer test conducted at the U.S. DOE Hanford 300 Area (300A) IFRC. Despite the highly complex field conditions the numerical three-dimensional multicomponent reactive transport model was able to capture most of the spatiotemporal variations of the observed U(VI) concentrations. A multimodel analysis was performed to interrogate the relative importance of various processes and factors for controlling field-scale reactive transport during the uranyl tracer test. The results indicate that multirate sorption/desorption, surface complexation reactions, and initial concentration distributions were the most important processes and factors controlling U(VI) migration. On the other hand, cation exchange reactions, the choice of the surface complexation model, and dual-domain mass transfer processes played less important roles under the prevailing field-test conditions. Further analysis of the modeling results demonstrates that these findings are conditioned to the relatively stable groundwater chemistry and the selected length of the field experimental duration (16 days). The model analysis also revealed the crucial role of the intraborehole flow that occurred within the long-screened monitoring wells and thus affected both field measurements and simulated U(VI) concentrations as a combined effect of aquifer heterogeneity and dynamic flow conditions. This study provides the first highly data-constrained uranium transport simulations under highly dynamic flow conditions. It illustrates the value of reactive transport modeling for elucidating the relative importance of individual processes in controlling uranium transport under specific field-scale conditions. Abstract Copyright (2014), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Ma, Rui AU - Zheng, Chunmiao AU - Liu, Chongxuan AU - Greskowiak, Janek AU - Prommer, Henning AU - Zachara, John M Y1 - 2014/02// PY - 2014 DA - February 2014 SP - 1006 EP - 1024 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 50 IS - 2 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - United States KW - programs KW - Integrated Field Research Challenge KW - Washington KW - numerical models KW - three-dimensional models KW - uranyl ion KW - Hanford Site KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - transport KW - metals KW - tracers KW - reactive transport KW - uranium KW - heterogeneity KW - actinides KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1545408335?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+controlling+processes+for+field-scale+uranium+reactive+transport+under+highly+transient+flow+conditions&rft.au=Ma%2C+Rui%3BZheng%2C+Chunmiao%3BLiu%2C+Chongxuan%3BGreskowiak%2C+Janek%3BPrommer%2C+Henning%3BZachara%2C+John+M&rft.aulast=Ma&rft.aufirst=Rui&rft.date=2014-02-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=1006&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2013WR013835 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 54 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-17 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; aquifers; ground water; Hanford Site; heterogeneity; Integrated Field Research Challenge; metals; numerical models; programs; reactive transport; three-dimensional models; tracers; transport; United States; uranium; uranyl ion; Washington DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2013WR013835 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Long-term kinetics of uranyl desorption from sediments under advective conditions AN - 1529922322; 19822328 AB - Long-term (>4 months) column experiments were performed to investigate the kinetics of uranyl (U(VI)) desorption in sediments collected from the Integrated Field Research Challenge site at the U.S. Department of Energy Hanford 300 Area. The experimental results were used to evaluate alternative multirate surface complexation reaction (MRSCR) approaches to describe the short and long-term kinetics of U(VI) desorption under flow conditions. The surface complexation reaction (SCR) stoichiometry and equilibrium constants and multirate parameters in the MRSCR models were independently characterized in batch and stirred flow-cell reactors. MRSCR models that were either additively constructed using the MRSCRs for individual size fractions, or composite in nature, could effectively describe short-term U(VI) desorption under flow conditions. The long-term desorption results, however, revealed that using the labile U concentration measured by carbonate extraction underestimated desorbable U(VI) and the long-term rate of U(VI) desorption. This study also found that the gravel size fraction (2-8 mm), which is typically treated as nonreactive in modeling U(VI) reactive transport because of low external surface area, can have an important effect on the U(VI) desorption in the sediment. This study demonstrates an approach to effectively extrapolate U(VI) desorption kinetics for field-scale application and identifies important parameters and uncertainties affecting model predictions. Key Points * Long-term uranyl desorption is markedly faster than multirate models implies * Total desorbable U(VI) is important to the rate of long-term U(VI) desorption * A component additivity approach can estimate U(VI) desorption parameters JF - Water Resources Research AU - Shang, Jianying AU - Liu, Chongxuan AU - Wang, Zheming AU - Zachara, John AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA. Y1 - 2014/02// PY - 2014 DA - Feb 2014 SP - 855 EP - 870 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 United States VL - 50 IS - 2 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Uranyl Desorption KW - Kinetics KW - Long-term KW - additivity approach KW - heterogeneous KW - Prediction KW - Chemical equilibrium KW - Water resources KW - Alternative Planning KW - Gravel KW - Desorption KW - Carbonates KW - Surface area KW - Sediments KW - Model Studies KW - Energy KW - USA, Washington, Hanford KW - Water resources research KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q2 09264:Sediments and sedimentation KW - SW 0870:Erosion and sedimentation KW - M2 556.18:Water Management (556.18) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1529922322?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Long-term+kinetics+of+uranyl+desorption+from+sediments+under+advective+conditions&rft.au=Shang%2C+Jianying%3BLiu%2C+Chongxuan%3BWang%2C+Zheming%3BZachara%2C+John&rft.aulast=Shang&rft.aufirst=Jianying&rft.date=2014-02-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=855&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2013WR013949 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-11 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chemical equilibrium; Desorption; Water resources; Sediments; Water resources research; Prediction; Surface area; Energy; Kinetics; Gravel; Carbonates; Alternative Planning; Model Studies; USA, Washington, Hanford DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2013WR013949 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - JOINT U.S./RUSSIAN STUDIES OF POPULATION EXPOSURES RESULTING FROM NUCLEAR PRODUCTION ACTIVITIES IN THE SOUTHERN URALS AN - 1520361940; 19642293 AB - Beginning in 1948, the Soviet Union initiated a program for production of nuclear materials for a weapons program. The lint facility for production of plutonium was constructed in the central portion of the country east of the southern Ural Mountains, about halfway between the major industrial cities of Ekaterinburg and Chelyabinsk. The rush to production, coupled with inexperience in handling radioactive materials, led to large radiation exposures, not only to the workers in the facilities, but also to the surrounding public. The Techa River Cohort consists of over 30,000 people who were born before the start of exposure in 1949 and lived along the Techa River. The Techa River Offspring Cohort consists of similar to 21,000 persons born to one or more exposed parents of this group, many who also lived along the contaminated river. The EURT Cohort consists of similar to 18,000 people who were evacuated from the EURT soon after the 1957 explosion and another 8,000 who remained. JF - Health Physics AU - Napier, Bruce A AD - Environmental Assessment Group, Earth Systems Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MS K3-54, Richland, WA 99352, Bruce.Napier@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2014/02// PY - 2014 DA - Feb 2014 SP - 294 EP - 304 PB - Williams & Wilkins, 351 W. Camden St. Baltimore MD 21201 United States VL - 106 IS - 2 SN - 0017-9078, 0017-9078 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - dose assessment KW - epidemiology KW - National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements KW - radiation effects KW - Plutonium KW - Eurasia, Ural Mts. KW - Russia, Chelyabinskaya, Techa R. KW - Offspring KW - Russia, Ural Mts. KW - Explosions KW - Mountains KW - Cities KW - USA KW - Weapons KW - Radiation KW - Radioactive materials KW - Occupational exposure KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1520361940?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+Physics&rft.atitle=JOINT+U.S.%2FRUSSIAN+STUDIES+OF+POPULATION+EXPOSURES+RESULTING+FROM+NUCLEAR+PRODUCTION+ACTIVITIES+IN+THE+SOUTHERN+URALS&rft.au=Napier%2C+Bruce+A&rft.aulast=Napier&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rft.date=2014-02-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=294&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+Physics&rft.issn=00179078&rft_id=info:doi/10.1097%2FHP.0000000000000033 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mountains; Cities; Weapons; Plutonium; Radiation; Radioactive materials; Offspring; Explosions; Occupational exposure; USA; Russia, Chelyabinskaya, Techa R.; Eurasia, Ural Mts.; Russia, Ural Mts. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/HP.0000000000000033 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization and modeling of the cemented sediment surrounding the Iulia Felix glass AN - 1520105558; 2014-028344 AB - About 1800 years ago a Roman Corbita sunk off the coast of Italy carrying a barrel of glass cullet to the floor of the Adriatic Sea. Samples of glass cullet and the cemented surrounding sediment have been characterized and the reaction between the glass and the sea water saturated with respect to calcite and dolomite has been modeled. Results from characterization and modeling show that the phase surrounding and cementing together the sediment grains is a high-Mg calcite. We find that the origin of this cementing phase is likely the reaction between the glass and the sea water to form a Mg-silicate, here modeled as sepiolite [Mg (sub 4) Si (sub 6) O (sub 15) (OH) (sub 2) .6(H (sub 2) O)]. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Applied Geochemistry AU - Strachan, Denis M AU - Crum, Jarrod V AU - Ryan, Joseph V AU - Silvestri, Alberta Y1 - 2014/02// PY - 2014 DA - February 2014 SP - 107 EP - 114 PB - Elsevier, Oxford-New York-Beijing VL - 41 SN - 0883-2927, 0883-2927 KW - silicates KW - Adriatic Sea KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - characterization KW - Europe KW - Holocene KW - sepiolite KW - artifacts KW - Southern Europe KW - Cenozoic KW - Gulf of Trieste KW - sediments KW - cement KW - chemical composition KW - glass materials KW - Roman period KW - archaeology KW - Quaternary KW - textures KW - East Mediterranean KW - calcite KW - models KW - petrography KW - sheet silicates KW - Mediterranean Sea KW - upper Holocene KW - crystal chemistry KW - carbonates KW - SEM data KW - 24:Quaternary geology KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1520105558?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Characterization+and+modeling+of+the+cemented+sediment+surrounding+the+Iulia+Felix+glass&rft.au=Strachan%2C+Denis+M%3BCrum%2C+Jarrod+V%3BRyan%2C+Joseph+V%3BSilvestri%2C+Alberta&rft.aulast=Strachan&rft.aufirst=Denis&rft.date=2014-02-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=&rft.spage=107&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.issn=08832927&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.apgeochem.2013.12.003 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/08832927 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Adriatic Sea; archaeology; artifacts; calcite; carbonates; cement; Cenozoic; characterization; chemical composition; crystal chemistry; East Mediterranean; Europe; glass materials; Gulf of Trieste; Holocene; Mediterranean Sea; models; petrography; Quaternary; Roman period; sediments; SEM data; sepiolite; sheet silicates; silicates; Southern Europe; textures; upper Holocene; X-ray diffraction data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2013.12.003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Eddy fluxes and sensitivity of the water cycle to spatial resolution in idealized regional aquaplanet model simulations AN - 1500790698; 19266760 AB - A multi-scale moisture budget analysis is used to identify the mechanisms responsible for the sensitivity of the water cycle to spatial resolution using idealized regional aquaplanet simulations. In the higher resolution simulations, moisture transport by eddy fluxes dry the boundary layer enhancing evaporation and precipitation. This effect of eddies, which is underestimated by the physics parameterizations in the low-resolution simulations, is found to be responsible for the sensitivity of the water cycle both directly, and through its upscale effects on the transport of mean moisture by the mean circulation. Correlations among moisture transport by eddies at adjacent ranges of scales provides a potential for reducing this sensitivity by representing the unresolved eddies by their marginally resolved counterparts. JF - Climate Dynamics AU - Hagos, Samson AU - Leung, LRuby AU - Gustafson, William I AU - Singh, Balwinder AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA, samson.hagos@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2014/02// PY - 2014 DA - February 2014 SP - 931 EP - 940 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 42 IS - 3-4 SN - 0930-7575, 0930-7575 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Moisture KW - Evaporation KW - Moisture transport KW - Boundary Layers KW - Correlations KW - Hydrologic Cycle KW - Moisture budget KW - Modelling KW - Climate models KW - Simulation Analysis KW - Climates KW - Climate KW - Atmospheric circulation KW - Oceanic eddies KW - Precipitation KW - Hydrologic cycle KW - Model Studies KW - Eddies KW - Water cycle KW - Numerical simulations KW - Boundary layers KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - SW 0840:Groundwater KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes KW - M2 556.13:Evaporation/Evapotranspiration (556.13) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1500790698?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climate+Dynamics&rft.atitle=Eddy+fluxes+and+sensitivity+of+the+water+cycle+to+spatial+resolution+in+idealized+regional+aquaplanet+model+simulations&rft.au=Hagos%2C+Samson%3BLeung%2C+LRuby%3BGustafson%2C+William+I%3BSingh%2C+Balwinder&rft.aulast=Hagos&rft.aufirst=Samson&rft.date=2014-02-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=931&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climate+Dynamics&rft.issn=09307575&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00382-013-1857-y LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Boundary layers; Climate; Oceanic eddies; Hydrologic cycle; Modelling; Climate models; Water cycle; Numerical simulations; Evaporation; Moisture transport; Correlations; Atmospheric circulation; Precipitation; Moisture budget; Moisture; Hydrologic Cycle; Eddies; Simulation Analysis; Climates; Boundary Layers; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00382-013-1857-y ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transformation of heavy metal speciation during sludge drying: mechanistic insights. AN - 1490768930; 24342049 AB - Speciation can fundamentally affect on the stability and toxicity of heavy metals in sludge from wastewater treatment plants. This research investigated the speciation of heavy metals in sludge from both municipal and industrial sources, and metal speciation change as a result of drying process to reduce sludge volume. The changes in sludge properties including sludge moisture content, temperature, density, and electrical conductivity were also monitored to provide insights into the mechanisms causing the change in heavy metal speciation. The results show that the drying process generally stabilized Cr, Cu, Cd, and Pb in sludge by transforming acid-soluble, reducible, and oxidizable species into structurally stable forms. Such transformation and stabilization occurred regardless of the sludge source and type, and were primarily caused by the changes in sludge properties associated with decomposition of organic matter and sulfide. The results enhanced our understanding of the geochemical behavior of heavy metals in municipal sludge, and are useful for designing a treatment system for environment-friendly disposal of sludge. JF - Journal of hazardous materials AU - Weng, Huan-Xin AU - Ma, Xue-Wen AU - Fu, Feng-Xia AU - Zhang, Jin-Jun AU - Liu, Zan AU - Tian, Li-Xun AU - Liu, Chongxuan AD - Institute of Environment & Biogeochemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, PR China. Electronic address: gswenghx@zju.edu.cn. ; Research Institute for Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, PR China. ; Institute of Environment & Biogeochemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, PR China. ; Geochemistry, Fundamental, and Computational Science Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, USA. Electronic address: chongxuan.liu@pnnl.gov. Y1 - 2014/01/30/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Jan 30 SP - 96 EP - 103 VL - 265 KW - Metals, Heavy KW - 0 KW - Sewage KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Water KW - 059QF0KO0R KW - Index Medicus KW - Transformation KW - Heavy metal KW - Stabilization KW - Sewage sludge drying KW - Water -- analysis KW - Electric Conductivity KW - Water -- chemistry KW - Temperature KW - Desiccation KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- chemistry KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis KW - Sewage -- chemistry KW - Metals, Heavy -- chemistry KW - Metals, Heavy -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1490768930?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+hazardous+materials&rft.atitle=Transformation+of+heavy+metal+speciation+during+sludge+drying%3A+mechanistic+insights.&rft.au=Weng%2C+Huan-Xin%3BMa%2C+Xue-Wen%3BFu%2C+Feng-Xia%3BZhang%2C+Jin-Jun%3BLiu%2C+Zan%3BTian%2C+Li-Xun%3BLiu%2C+Chongxuan&rft.aulast=Weng&rft.aufirst=Huan-Xin&rft.date=2014-01-30&rft.volume=265&rft.issue=&rft.spage=96&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+hazardous+materials&rft.issn=1873-3336&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jhazmat.2013.11.051 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2014-09-04 N1 - Date created - 2014-01-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.11.051 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reconciling disparate views of template-directed nucleation through measurement of calcite nucleation kinetics and binding energies AN - 1832612745; 715987-1 AB - The physical basis for how macromolecules regulate the onset of mineral formation in calcifying tissues is not well established. A popular conceptual model assumes the organic matrix provides a stereochemical match during cooperative organization of solute ions. In contrast, another uses simple binding assays to identify good promoters of nucleation. Here, we reconcile these two views and provide a mechanistic explanation for template-directed nucleation by correlating heterogeneous nucleation barriers with crystal-substrate-binding free energies. We first measure the kinetics of calcite nucleation onto model substrates that present different functional group chemistries (carboxyl, thiol, phosphate, and hydroxyl) and conformations (C11 and C16 chain lengths). We find rates are substrate-specific and obey predictions of classical nucleation theory at supersaturations that extend above the solubility of amorphous calcium carbonate. Analysis of the kinetic data shows the thermodynamic barrier to nucleation is reduced by minimizing the interfacial free energy of the system, ?. We then use dynamic force spectroscopy to independently measure calcite-substrate-binding free energies, ?Gb. Moreover, we show that within the classical theory of nucleation, ? and ?Gb should be linearly related. The results bear out this prediction and demonstrate that low-energy barriers to nucleation correlate with strong crystal-substrate binding. This relationship is general to all functional group chemistries and conformations. These findings provide a physical model that reconciles the long-standing concept of templated nucleation through stereochemical matching with the conventional wisdom that good binders are good nucleators. The alternative perspectives become internally consistent when viewed through the lens of crystal-substrate binding. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America AU - Hamm, Laura M AU - Gluffre, Anthony J AU - Han, Nizhou AU - Tao, Jinhui AU - Wang, Debin AU - De Yoreo, James J AU - Dove, Patricia M Y1 - 2014/01/28/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Jan 28 SP - 1304 EP - 1309 PB - National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC VL - 111 IS - 4 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - crystal growth KW - Pteriina KW - bonding KW - layered materials KW - Malacostraca KW - polymorphism KW - dynamic force spectra KW - Pectinacea KW - Invertebrata KW - calcium carbonate KW - spectra KW - Mollusca KW - kinetics KW - biomineralization KW - shells KW - Ostreidae KW - Chordata KW - amorphous materials KW - Crustacea KW - Pectinidae KW - Pterioida KW - rates KW - electron microscopy data KW - Ostreoidea KW - equations KW - measurement KW - calcite KW - molecular structure KW - Bivalvia KW - Aves KW - organic compounds KW - Astacoidea KW - Raman spectra KW - eggs KW - Arthropoda KW - nucleation KW - Mandibulata KW - peptides KW - Vertebrata KW - proteins KW - carbonates KW - Tetrapoda KW - SEM data KW - energy KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832612745?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=Reconciling+disparate+views+of+template-directed+nucleation+through+measurement+of+calcite+nucleation+kinetics+and+binding+energies&rft.au=Hamm%2C+Laura+M%3BGluffre%2C+Anthony+J%3BHan%2C+Nizhou%3BTao%2C+Jinhui%3BWang%2C+Debin%3BDe+Yoreo%2C+James+J%3BDove%2C+Patricia+M&rft.aulast=Hamm&rft.aufirst=Laura&rft.date=2014-01-28&rft.volume=111&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1304&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/10.1073%2Fpnas.1312369111 L2 - http://www.pnas.org/content/by/year LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Number of references - 49 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - amorphous materials; Arthropoda; Astacoidea; Aves; biomineralization; Bivalvia; bonding; calcite; calcium carbonate; carbonates; Chordata; Crustacea; crystal growth; dynamic force spectra; eggs; electron microscopy data; energy; equations; Invertebrata; kinetics; layered materials; Malacostraca; Mandibulata; measurement; molecular structure; Mollusca; nucleation; organic compounds; Ostreidae; Ostreoidea; Pectinacea; Pectinidae; peptides; polymorphism; proteins; Pteriina; Pterioida; Raman spectra; rates; SEM data; shells; spectra; Tetrapoda; Vertebrata DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1312369111 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of co-solutes on the products and solubility of uranium(VI) precipitated with phosphate AN - 1520102811; 2014-028182 AB - Uranyl phosphate solids are often found with uranium ores, and their low solubility makes them promising target phases for in situ remediation of uranium-contaminated subsurface environments. The products and solubility of uranium(VI) precipitated with phosphate can be affected by the pH, dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) concentration, and co-solute composition (e.g. Na (super +) /Ca (super 2+) ) of the groundwater. Batch experiments were performed to study the effect of these parameters on the products and extent of uranium precipitation induced by phosphate addition. In the absence of co-solute cations, chernikovite [H (sub 3) O(UO (sub 2) )(PO (sub 4) ).3H (sub 2) O] precipitated despite uranyl orthophosphate [(UO (sub 2) ) (sub 3) (PO (sub 4) ) (sub 2) .4H (sub 2) O] being thermodynamically more favorable under certain conditions. As determined using powder X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, and laser induced fluorescence spectroscopy, the presence of Na (super +) or Ca (super 2+) as a co-solute led to the precipitation of sodium autunite ([Na (sub 2) (UO (sub 2) ) (sub 2) (PO (sub 4) ) (sub 2) ] and autunite [Ca(UO (sub 2) ) (sub 2) (PO (sub 4) ) (sub 2) ]), which are structurally similar to chernikovite. In the presence of sodium, the dissolved U(VI) concentrations were generally in agreement with equilibrium predictions of sodium autunite solubility. However, in the calcium-containing systems, the observed concentrations were below the predicted solubility of autunite, suggesting the possibility of uranium adsorption to or incorporation in a calcium phosphate precipitate in addition to the precipitation of autunite. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Chemical Geology AU - Mehta, Vrajesh S AU - Maillot, Fabien AU - Wang, Zheming AU - Catalano, Jeffrey G AU - Giammar, Daniel E Y1 - 2014/01/22/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Jan 22 SP - 66 EP - 75 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 364 SN - 0009-2541, 0009-2541 KW - calcium KW - autunite KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - remediation KW - phase equilibria KW - X-ray fluorescence spectra KW - spectra KW - thermodynamic properties KW - chemical composition KW - water pollution KW - chemical ratios KW - pH KW - alkaline earth metals KW - in situ KW - acid mine drainage KW - pollutants KW - alkali metals KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - electron microscopy data KW - phosphates KW - solubility KW - sodium KW - uranium ores KW - soil pollution KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - metal ores KW - chernikovite KW - uranium KW - mobilization KW - crystal chemistry KW - actinides KW - SEM data KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1520102811?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Geology&rft.atitle=Effect+of+co-solutes+on+the+products+and+solubility+of+uranium%28VI%29+precipitated+with+phosphate&rft.au=Mehta%2C+Vrajesh+S%3BMaillot%2C+Fabien%3BWang%2C+Zheming%3BCatalano%2C+Jeffrey+G%3BGiammar%2C+Daniel+E&rft.aulast=Mehta&rft.aufirst=Vrajesh&rft.date=2014-01-22&rft.volume=364&rft.issue=&rft.spage=66&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Geology&rft.issn=00092541&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.chemgeo.2013.12.002 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00092541 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 60 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-01 N1 - CODEN - CHGEAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid mine drainage; actinides; alkali metals; alkaline earth metals; autunite; calcium; chemical composition; chemical ratios; chernikovite; crystal chemistry; electron microscopy data; in situ; metal ores; metals; mobilization; pH; phase equilibria; phosphates; pollutants; pollution; precipitation; remediation; SEM data; sodium; soil pollution; solubility; solutes; spectra; thermodynamic properties; uranium; uranium ores; water pollution; X-ray diffraction data; X-ray fluorescence spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2013.12.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Highly reversible Mg insertion in nanostructured Bi for Mg ion batteries. AN - 1490728770; 24279987 AB - Rechargeable magnesium batteries have attracted wide attention for energy storage. Currently, most studies focus on Mg metal as the anode, but this approach is still limited by the properties of the electrolyte and poor control of the Mg plating/stripping processes. This paper reports the synthesis and application of Bi nanotubes as a high-performance anode material for rechargeable Mg ion batteries. The nanostructured Bi anode delivers a high reversible specific capacity (350 mAh/gBi or 3430 mAh/cm(3)Bi), excellent stability, and high Coulombic efficiency (95% initial and very close to 100% afterward). The good performance is attributed to the unique properties of in situ formed, interconnected nanoporous bismuth. Such nanostructures can effectively accommodate the large volume change without losing electric contact and significantly reduce diffusion length for Mg(2+). Significantly, the nanostructured Bi anode can be used with conventional electrolytes which will open new opportunities to study Mg ion battery chemistry and further improve its properties. JF - Nano letters AU - Shao, Yuyan AU - Gu, Meng AU - Li, Xiaolin AU - Nie, Zimin AU - Zuo, Pengjian AU - Li, Guosheng AU - Liu, Tianbiao AU - Xiao, Jie AU - Cheng, Yingwen AU - Wang, Chongmin AU - Zhang, Ji-Guang AU - Liu, Jun AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland, Washington 99352, United States. Y1 - 2014/01/08/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Jan 08 SP - 255 EP - 260 VL - 14 IS - 1 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1490728770?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nano+letters&rft.atitle=Highly+reversible+Mg+insertion+in+nanostructured+Bi+for+Mg+ion+batteries.&rft.au=Shao%2C+Yuyan%3BGu%2C+Meng%3BLi%2C+Xiaolin%3BNie%2C+Zimin%3BZuo%2C+Pengjian%3BLi%2C+Guosheng%3BLiu%2C+Tianbiao%3BXiao%2C+Jie%3BCheng%2C+Yingwen%3BWang%2C+Chongmin%3BZhang%2C+Ji-Guang%3BLiu%2C+Jun&rft.aulast=Shao&rft.aufirst=Yuyan&rft.date=2014-01-08&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=255&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nano+letters&rft.issn=1530-6992&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fnl403874y LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2014-08-25 N1 - Date created - 2014-01-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/nl403874y ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An electron/carbon cycle in an acidothermophilic microbial community AN - 1815665064; 2016-073588 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Moran, James J AU - Isern, Nancy AU - Whitmore, Laura AU - Riha, Krystin AU - Romaine, Margaret AU - Kreuzer, Helen AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 1727 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - thermophilic taxa KW - Metallosphaera yellowstonensis KW - communities KW - metabolism KW - solutes KW - formaldehyde KW - temperature KW - geochemical cycle KW - carbon dioxide KW - Norris Geyser basin KW - Thaumarchaeota KW - carbon KW - Yellowstone National Park KW - carbon cycle KW - organic carbon KW - pH KW - electrons KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1815665064?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=An+electron%2Fcarbon+cycle+in+an+acidothermophilic+microbial+community&rft.au=Moran%2C+James+J%3BIsern%2C+Nancy%3BWhitmore%2C+Laura%3BRiha%2C+Krystin%3BRomaine%2C+Margaret%3BKreuzer%2C+Helen%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Moran&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1727&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon; carbon cycle; carbon dioxide; communities; electrons; formaldehyde; geochemical cycle; metabolism; Metallosphaera yellowstonensis; Norris Geyser basin; organic carbon; pH; solutes; temperature; Thaumarchaeota; thermophilic taxa; United States; Yellowstone National Park ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spatially-resolved carbon flow through a hypersaline microbial mat AN - 1815665020; 2016-073589 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Moran, James J AU - Riha, K M AU - Cory, A B AU - Kim, Y M AU - Huang, E L AU - Metz, T O AU - Lipton, M S AU - Courtney, S L AU - Lindemann, S R AU - Fredrickson, J K AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 1728 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - north-central Washington KW - isotopes KW - biomass KW - lakes KW - salinity KW - stable isotopes KW - sugars KW - substrates KW - carbon KW - glucose KW - carbohydrates KW - esters KW - Washington KW - patterns KW - acetates KW - magnesium sulfates KW - biochemistry KW - hydroxypentanoic acid KW - properties KW - bicarbonate ion KW - meromictic lakes KW - hydroxybutanoic acid KW - Hot Lake KW - organic compounds KW - C-13 KW - seasonal variations KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1815665020?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Spatially-resolved+carbon+flow+through+a+hypersaline+microbial+mat&rft.au=Moran%2C+James+J%3BRiha%2C+K+M%3BCory%2C+A+B%3BKim%2C+Y+M%3BHuang%2C+E+L%3BMetz%2C+T+O%3BLipton%2C+M+S%3BCourtney%2C+S+L%3BLindemann%2C+S+R%3BFredrickson%2C+J+K%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Moran&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1728&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acetates; bicarbonate ion; biochemistry; biomass; C-13; carbohydrates; carbon; esters; glucose; Hot Lake; hydroxybutanoic acid; hydroxypentanoic acid; isotopes; lakes; magnesium sulfates; meromictic lakes; north-central Washington; organic compounds; patterns; properties; salinity; seasonal variations; stable isotopes; substrates; sugars; United States; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Uncertainty analysis of multi-rate kinetics of uranium desorption from sediments AN - 1800393082; 2016-054643 AB - Multi-rate surface complexation models have been proposed to describe the kinetics of uranyl (U(VI)) surface complexation reactions (SCR) rate-limited by diffusive mass transfer to and from intragranular sorption sites in subsurface sediments. In this study, a Bayesian-based, Differential Evolution Markov Chain method was used to assess the uncertainty and to identify factors controlling the uncertainties of the multi-rate SCR model. The rate constants in the multi-rate SCR were estimated with and without assumption of a specified lognormal distribution to test the lognormal assumption typically used to minimize the number of the rate constants in the multi-rate model. U(VI) desorption under variable chemical conditions from a contaminated sediment at US Hanford 300 Area, Washington was used as an example. The results indicated that the estimated rate constants without a specified lognormal assumption approximately followed a lognormal distribution, indicating that the lognormal is an effective assumption for the rate constants in the multi-rate SCR model. However, those rate constants with their corresponding half-lives longer than the experimental durations for model characterization had larger uncertainties and could not be reliably estimated. The uncertainty analysis revealed that the time-scale of the experiments for calibrating the multi-rate SCR model, the assumption for the rate constant distribution, the geochemical conditions involved in predicting U(VI) desorption, and equilibrium U(VI) speciation reaction constants were the major factors contributing to the extrapolation uncertainties of the multi-rate SCR model. Overall, the results from this study demonstrated that the multi-rate SCR model with a lognormal distribution of its rate constants is an effective approach for describing rate-limited U(VI) desorption; however, the model contains uncertainties, especially for those smaller rate constants, that require careful consideration for predicting U(VI) sorption and desorption. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Zhang, Xiaoying AU - Liu, Chongxuan AU - Hu, Bill X AU - Zhang, Guannan Y1 - 2014/01// PY - 2014 DA - January 2014 SP - 1 EP - 15 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 156 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - United States KW - hazardous waste KW - sorption KW - desorption KW - isotopes KW - Bayesian analysis KW - complexing KW - calibration KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - radioactive isotopes KW - chemical reactions KW - sediments KW - SCR model KW - water pollution KW - kinetics KW - uncertainty KW - surface complexation reactions model KW - experimental studies KW - Washington KW - pollutants KW - statistical analysis KW - uranyl ion KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - soil pollution KW - metals KW - mathematical methods KW - theoretical models KW - uranium KW - waste disposal KW - actinides KW - Markov chain analysis KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1800393082?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Uncertainty+analysis+of+multi-rate+kinetics+of+uranium+desorption+from+sediments&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Xiaoying%3BLiu%2C+Chongxuan%3BHu%2C+Bill+X%3BZhang%2C+Guannan&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Xiaoying&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=156&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jconhyd.2013.10.001 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 47 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; Bayesian analysis; calibration; chemical reactions; complexing; desorption; environmental analysis; experimental studies; ground water; Hanford Site; hazardous waste; isotopes; kinetics; Markov chain analysis; mathematical methods; metals; pollutants; pollution; prediction; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; remediation; SCR model; sediments; soil pollution; sorption; statistical analysis; surface complexation reactions model; theoretical models; uncertainty; United States; uranium; uranyl ion; Washington; waste disposal; water pollution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2013.10.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of calcite on uranium(VI) reactive transport in the ground water-river mixing zone AN - 1800392789; 2016-054645 AB - Calcite is an important, relatively soluble mineral phase that can affect uranium reactive transport in subsurface sediments. This study was conducted to investigate the distribution of calcite and its influence on uranium adsorption and reactive transport in the groundwater-river mixing zone of the Hanford 300A site, Washington State. Simulations using a two-dimensional (2D) reactive transport model under field-relevant hydrological and hydrogeochemical conditions revealed the development of a calcite reaction front through the mixing zone as a result of dynamic groundwater-river interactions. The calcite concentration distribution, in turn, affected the concentrations of aqueous carbonate and calcium, and pH through dissolution, as river waters intruded and receded from the site at different velocities in response to stage changes. The composition variations in groundwater subsequently influenced uranium mobility and discharge rates into the river in a complex fashion. The results implied that calcite distribution and concentration are important variables that need to be quantified for accurate reactive transport predictions of uranium, especially in dynamic groundwater-river mixing zones. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Ma, Rui AU - Liu, Chongxuan AU - Greskowiak, Janek AU - Prommer, Henning AU - Zachara, John AU - Zheng, Chunmiao Y1 - 2014/01// PY - 2014 DA - January 2014 SP - 27 EP - 37 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 156 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - isotopes KW - simulation KW - environmental analysis KW - ground water KW - reactivity KW - radioactive isotopes KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - mixing KW - water pollution KW - pH KW - MT3DMS model KW - hydrology KW - PHREEQC KW - Washington KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - solubility KW - calcite KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - mathematical methods KW - uranium KW - mobilization KW - crystal chemistry KW - carbonates KW - actinides KW - PHT3D model KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1800392789?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Influence+of+calcite+on+uranium%28VI%29+reactive+transport+in+the+ground+water-river+mixing+zone&rft.au=Ma%2C+Rui%3BLiu%2C+Chongxuan%3BGreskowiak%2C+Janek%3BPrommer%2C+Henning%3BZachara%2C+John%3BZheng%2C+Chunmiao&rft.aulast=Ma&rft.aufirst=Rui&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=156&rft.issue=&rft.spage=27&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jconhyd.2013.10.002 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 56 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; calcite; carbonates; chemical reactions; crystal chemistry; environmental analysis; ground water; Hanford Site; hydrology; isotopes; mathematical methods; metals; mixing; mobilization; MT3DMS model; pH; PHREEQC; PHT3D model; pollutants; pollution; precipitation; radioactive isotopes; reactivity; simulation; solubility; solute transport; surface water; transport; United States; uranium; Washington; water pollution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2013.10.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantifying the global sources and concentrations of primary biogenic particles AN - 1793204908; 2016-048205 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Burrows, Susannah AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 311 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - processes KW - clouds KW - Southern Ocean KW - pigments KW - global KW - temperature KW - chlorophyll KW - spatial distribution KW - organic compounds KW - quantitative analysis KW - aerosols KW - porphyrins KW - particles KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1793204908?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Quantifying+the+global+sources+and+concentrations+of+primary+biogenic+particles&rft.au=Burrows%2C+Susannah%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Burrows&rft.aufirst=Susannah&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=311&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerosols; chlorophyll; clouds; global; organic compounds; particles; pigments; porphyrins; processes; quantitative analysis; Southern Ocean; spatial distribution; temperature ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Observed and simulated black carbon and absorption profiles during the TCAP campaign AN - 1765873793; 2016-011312 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Fast, Jerome AU - Berg, Larry AU - Chand, Duli AU - Liu, Ying AU - Sedlacek, Art AU - Ferrare, Richard AU - Hostetler, Chris AU - Mueller, Detlef AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 670 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - high-resolution methods KW - Cape Cod KW - laser methods KW - three-dimensional models KW - global KW - solar forcing KW - properties KW - simulation KW - variations KW - observations KW - measurement KW - models KW - absorption KW - Barnstable County Massachusetts KW - lidar methods KW - black carbon KW - Massachusetts KW - mixing KW - aerosols KW - climate forcing KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1765873793?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Observed+and+simulated+black+carbon+and+absorption+profiles+during+the+TCAP+campaign&rft.au=Fast%2C+Jerome%3BBerg%2C+Larry%3BChand%2C+Duli%3BLiu%2C+Ying%3BSedlacek%2C+Art%3BFerrare%2C+Richard%3BHostetler%2C+Chris%3BMueller%2C+Detlef%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Fast&rft.aufirst=Jerome&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=670&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2014/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/A-Z.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absorption; aerosols; Barnstable County Massachusetts; black carbon; Cape Cod; climate forcing; global; high-resolution methods; laser methods; lidar methods; Massachusetts; measurement; mixing; models; observations; properties; simulation; solar forcing; three-dimensional models; United States; variations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reactivity of Tc at the groundwater-surface water interface AN - 1752579426; 2016-002741 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Zachara, John M AU - Frederickson, Jim AU - McKinley, Jim AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 2815 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - isotopes KW - ground water KW - reactivity KW - radioactive isotopes KW - sediments KW - processes KW - technetium KW - anions KW - Washington KW - Columbia River KW - biochemistry KW - matrix KW - surface water KW - Hanford Site KW - Tc-99 KW - detection KW - metals KW - EXAFS data KW - anaerobic environment KW - sheet silicates KW - pertechnetate ion KW - chemical fractionation KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1752579426?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Reactivity+of+Tc+at+the+groundwater-surface+water+interface&rft.au=Zachara%2C+John+M%3BFrederickson%2C+Jim%3BMcKinley%2C+Jim%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zachara&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2815&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2014/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/A-Z.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anaerobic environment; anions; biochemistry; chemical fractionation; Columbia River; detection; EXAFS data; ground water; Hanford Site; isotopes; matrix; metals; pertechnetate ion; processes; radioactive isotopes; reactivity; sediments; sheet silicates; silicates; surface water; Tc-99; technetium; United States; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transient surface potential gradients as a driving force for the bulk conduction mechanism of iron oxide recrystallization AN - 1752576779; 2016-002745 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Zarzycki, Piotr AU - Rosso, Kevin M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 2819 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - processes KW - iron oxides KW - solutions KW - mechanism KW - recrystallization KW - iron KW - ferrous iron KW - controls KW - metals KW - oxides KW - algorithms KW - pH KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1752576779?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Transient+surface+potential+gradients+as+a+driving+force+for+the+bulk+conduction+mechanism+of+iron+oxide+recrystallization&rft.au=Zarzycki%2C+Piotr%3BRosso%2C+Kevin+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zarzycki&rft.aufirst=Piotr&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2819&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2014/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/A-Z.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; controls; ferrous iron; iron; iron oxides; mechanism; metals; oxides; pH; processes; recrystallization; solutions ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Probing silicates to assess reactivity at the surface-solution interface; an NMR study of feldspars AN - 1752576091; 2016-002702 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Kleinsasser, Eric AU - West, Josh AU - Washton, Nancy AU - Mueller, Karl AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 1278 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - Sierra Nevada KW - processes KW - North America KW - Quaternary KW - weathering KW - NMR spectra KW - emission spectra KW - Cenozoic KW - hydroxyl ion KW - reactivity KW - quantitative analysis KW - glacial environment KW - framework silicates KW - spectra KW - Colorado KW - feldspar group KW - Rocky Mountains KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1752576091?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Probing+silicates+to+assess+reactivity+at+the+surface-solution+interface%3B+an+NMR+study+of+feldspars&rft.au=Kleinsasser%2C+Eric%3BWest%2C+Josh%3BWashton%2C+Nancy%3BMueller%2C+Karl%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kleinsasser&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1278&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cenozoic; Colorado; emission spectra; feldspar group; framework silicates; glacial environment; hydroxyl ion; NMR spectra; North America; processes; quantitative analysis; Quaternary; reactivity; Rocky Mountains; Sierra Nevada; silicates; spectra; United States; weathering ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microscale depletion of high abundance proteins in human biofluids using IgY14 immunoaffinity resin: analysis of human plasma and cerebrospinal fluid AN - 1746889675; 21117018 AB - Removal of highly abundant proteins in plasma is often carried out using immunoaffinity depletion to extend the dynamic range of measurements to lower abundance species. While commercial depletion columns are available for this purpose, they generally are not applicable to limited sample quantities (<20 mu L) due to low yields stemming from losses caused by nonspecific binding to the column matrix and concentration of large eluent volumes. Additionally, the cost of the depletion media can be prohibitive for larger-scale studies. Modern LC-MS instrumentation provides the sensitivity necessary to scale-down depletion methods with minimal sacrifice to proteome coverage, which makes smaller volume depletion columns desirable for maximizing sample recovery when samples are limited, as well as for reducing the expense of large-scale studies. We characterized the performance of a 346 mu L column volume microscale depletion system, using four different flow rates to determine the most effective depletion conditions for ~6- mu L injections of human plasma proteins and then evaluated depletion reproducibility at the optimum flow rate condition. Depletion of plasma using a commercial 10-mL depletion column served as the control. Results showed depletion efficiency of the microscale column increased as flow rate decreased, and that our microdepletion was reproducible. In an initial application, a 600- mu L sample of human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pooled from multiple sclerosis patients was depleted and then analyzed using reversed phase liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to demonstrate the utility of the system for this important biofluid where sample quantities are more commonly limited. JF - Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry AU - Hyung, Seok-Won AU - Piehowski, Paul D AU - Moore, Ronald J AU - Orton, Daniel J AU - Schepmoes, Athena A AU - Clauss, Therese R AU - Chu, Rosalie K AU - Fillmore, Thomas L AU - Brewer, Heather AU - Liu, Tao AU - Zhao, Rui AU - Smith, Richard D AD - Biological Sciences Division and Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, 267 Gajeong-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 305-340, Republic of Korea, swhyung@kriss.re.kr PY - 2014 SP - 7117 EP - 7125 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 406 IS - 28 SN - 1618-2642, 1618-2642 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Microscale depletion KW - IgY-14 immunoaffinity resin KW - Human plasma KW - Cerebrospinal fluid KW - MS KW - Instrumentation KW - Depletion KW - Utilities KW - Costs KW - Performance Evaluation KW - Yield KW - Flow Rates KW - Proteins KW - Reproducibility KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 5040:Data acquisition UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1746889675?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+and+Bioanalytical+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Microscale+depletion+of+high+abundance+proteins+in+human+biofluids+using+IgY14+immunoaffinity+resin%3A+analysis+of+human+plasma+and+cerebrospinal+fluid&rft.au=Hyung%2C+Seok-Won%3BPiehowski%2C+Paul+D%3BMoore%2C+Ronald+J%3BOrton%2C+Daniel+J%3BSchepmoes%2C+Athena+A%3BClauss%2C+Therese+R%3BChu%2C+Rosalie+K%3BFillmore%2C+Thomas+L%3BBrewer%2C+Heather%3BLiu%2C+Tao%3BZhao%2C+Rui%3BSmith%2C+Richard+D&rft.aulast=Hyung&rft.aufirst=Seok-Won&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=406&rft.issue=28&rft.spage=7117&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+and+Bioanalytical+Chemistry&rft.issn=16182642&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00216-014-8058-3 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-12-01 N1 - Number of references - 54 N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Costs; Yield; Performance Evaluation; Instrumentation; Flow Rates; Depletion; Proteins; Reproducibility; Utilities DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00216-014-8058-3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Systematic sub-micron Na/Ca banding in cultured planktic Foraminifera AN - 1718053953; 2015-095348 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Bonnin, Elisa A AU - Kogut, Megan B AU - Zhu, Zihua AU - Spero, Howard J AU - Hoenisch, Baerbel AU - Russell, D AU - Gagnon, Alexander C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 236 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - calcium KW - ion probe data KW - paleo-oceanography KW - mechanism KW - mass spectra KW - Orbulina KW - Orbulina universa KW - variations KW - Globigerinacea KW - Foraminifera KW - paleotemperature KW - Globigerinidae KW - Invertebrata KW - spectra KW - processes KW - biomineralization KW - alkaline earth metals KW - Protista KW - biochemistry KW - alkali metals KW - Rotaliina KW - planktonic taxa KW - sodium KW - calcite KW - metals KW - carbonates KW - microfossils KW - 10:Invertebrate paleontology KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1718053953?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Systematic+sub-micron+Na%2FCa+banding+in+cultured+planktic+Foraminifera&rft.au=Bonnin%2C+Elisa+A%3BKogut%2C+Megan+B%3BZhu%2C+Zihua%3BSpero%2C+Howard+J%3BHoenisch%2C+Baerbel%3BRussell%2C+D%3BGagnon%2C+Alexander+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bonnin&rft.aufirst=Elisa&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=236&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2014/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/A-Z.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; alkaline earth metals; biochemistry; biomineralization; calcite; calcium; carbonates; Foraminifera; Globigerinacea; Globigerinidae; Invertebrata; ion probe data; mass spectra; mechanism; metals; microfossils; Orbulina; Orbulina universa; paleo-oceanography; paleotemperature; planktonic taxa; processes; Protista; Rotaliina; sodium; spectra; variations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Integration of biogeochemistry and genomic datastreams for interpretation of ecosystem robustness AN - 1707524835; 2015-080990 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Hess, Nancy J AU - McCue, Lee Ann AU - Heredia-Langner, Alejandro AU - Bailey, Vanessa L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 985 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - soils KW - experimental studies KW - Washington KW - communities KW - biochemistry KW - ecosystems KW - eastern Washington KW - environmental effects KW - cores KW - climate change KW - organic compounds KW - carbon KW - geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1707524835?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Integration+of+biogeochemistry+and+genomic+datastreams+for+interpretation+of+ecosystem+robustness&rft.au=Hess%2C+Nancy+J%3BMcCue%2C+Lee+Ann%3BHeredia-Langner%2C+Alejandro%3BBailey%2C+Vanessa+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hess&rft.aufirst=Nancy&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=985&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmid 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biochemistry; carbon; climate change; communities; cores; eastern Washington; ecosystems; environmental effects; experimental studies; geochemistry; organic compounds; soils; United States; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Size effect on the reduction of hematite nanoparticles with outer membrane cytochromes OmcA of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 AN - 1707524225; 2015-081078 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Liu, Juan AU - Pearce, Carolyn I AU - Shi, Liang AU - Wang, Zheming AU - Shi, Zhi AU - Arenholz, Elke AU - Rosso, Kevin M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 1474 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - grain size KW - Shewanella KW - cytochromes KW - chemical reactions KW - hematite KW - metals KW - Shewanella oneidensis KW - bacteria KW - oxides KW - reduction KW - nanoparticles KW - particles KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1707524225?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Size+effect+on+the+reduction+of+hematite+nanoparticles+with+outer+membrane+cytochromes+OmcA+of+Shewanella+oneidensis+MR-1&rft.au=Liu%2C+Juan%3BPearce%2C+Carolyn+I%3BShi%2C+Liang%3BWang%2C+Zheming%3BShi%2C+Zhi%3BArenholz%2C+Elke%3BRosso%2C+Kevin+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Juan&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1474&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2014/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/A-Z.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; chemical reactions; cytochromes; grain size; hematite; metals; nanoparticles; oxides; particles; reduction; Shewanella; Shewanella oneidensis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Short-term protein stable isotope probing of microbial communities to associate functions with taxa AN - 1707524221; 2015-081069 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Lipton, Mary S AU - Slysz, Gordon W AU - Steinke, Laurey A AU - Ward, David M AU - Moran, James J AU - Metz, Tom O AU - Kim, Young Mo AU - Lindeman, Stephen R AU - Cole, Jessica AU - Gritsenko, Marina AU - Huang, Eric L AU - Anderson, Gordon A AU - Payne, Samuel H AU - Bryant, Donald A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 1465 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - cyanobacteria KW - experimental studies KW - communities KW - in situ KW - isotopes KW - metabolism KW - isotope ratios KW - C-13/C-12 KW - qualitative analysis KW - stable isotopes KW - thermal waters KW - ground water KW - Hot Lake KW - substrates KW - organic compounds KW - quantitative analysis KW - carbon KW - Yellowstone National Park KW - springs KW - hot springs KW - proteins KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1707524221?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Short-term+protein+stable+isotope+probing+of+microbial+communities+to+associate+functions+with+taxa&rft.au=Lipton%2C+Mary+S%3BSlysz%2C+Gordon+W%3BSteinke%2C+Laurey+A%3BWard%2C+David+M%3BMoran%2C+James+J%3BMetz%2C+Tom+O%3BKim%2C+Young+Mo%3BLindeman%2C+Stephen+R%3BCole%2C+Jessica%3BGritsenko%2C+Marina%3BHuang%2C+Eric+L%3BAnderson%2C+Gordon+A%3BPayne%2C+Samuel+H%3BBryant%2C+Donald+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lipton&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1465&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2014/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/A-Z.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - C-13/C-12; carbon; communities; cyanobacteria; experimental studies; ground water; Hot Lake; hot springs; in situ; isotope ratios; isotopes; metabolism; organic compounds; proteins; qualitative analysis; quantitative analysis; springs; stable isotopes; substrates; thermal waters; United States; Yellowstone National Park ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evolution of near field biomass burning aerosols AN - 1707524195; 2015-081023 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Lewis, E R AU - Sedlacek, A J, III AU - Kleinman, L AU - Arnott, P AU - Adachi, K AU - Buseck, P R AU - Onasch, T AU - Pikridas, M AU - Shilling, John E AU - Springston, S R AU - Wang, J AU - Yokelson, R J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 1418 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - processes KW - Mississippi Valley KW - biomass KW - agriculture KW - models KW - fires KW - black carbon KW - Pacific Coast KW - aerosols KW - particulate materials KW - airborne methods KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1707524195?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Evolution+of+near+field+biomass+burning+aerosols&rft.au=Lewis%2C+E+R%3BSedlacek%2C+A+J%2C+III%3BKleinman%2C+L%3BArnott%2C+P%3BAdachi%2C+K%3BBuseck%2C+P+R%3BOnasch%2C+T%3BPikridas%2C+M%3BShilling%2C+John+E%3BSpringston%2C+S+R%3BWang%2C+J%3BYokelson%2C+R+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1418&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2014/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/A-Z.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerosols; agriculture; airborne methods; biomass; black carbon; fires; Mississippi Valley; models; Pacific Coast; particulate materials; processes; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - EMSL radiochemistry annex; a new international user-facility for the study of radiological samples AN - 1707524182; 2015-080989 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Hess, Nancy J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 984 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - radiochemistry KW - isotopes KW - electron microscopy data KW - TEM data KW - samples KW - NMR spectra KW - models KW - radioactive isotopes KW - atomic force microscopy data KW - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory KW - spectra KW - Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory KW - SEM data KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1707524182?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=EMSL+radiochemistry+annex%3B+a+new+international+user-facility+for+the+study+of+radiological+samples&rft.au=Hess%2C+Nancy+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hess&rft.aufirst=Nancy&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=984&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmid 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atomic force microscopy data; electron microscopy data; Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory; isotopes; models; NMR spectra; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; radioactive isotopes; radiochemistry; samples; SEM data; spectra; TEM data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nanoscale chemical/structure analysis of geological minerals for carbon sequestration using atom probe tomography AN - 1707524167; 2015-081075 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Liu, Jia AU - Perea, Daniel E AU - Arey, Bruce AU - Qafoku, Odeta AU - Colby, Robert AU - Felmy, Andrew R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 1471 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - tomography KW - experimental studies KW - carbon sequestration KW - three-dimensional models KW - human activity KW - mechanism KW - rates KW - electron microscopy data KW - TEM data KW - carbon dioxide KW - theoretical studies KW - mitigation KW - chemical reactions KW - heterogeneity KW - minerals KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1707524167?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Nanoscale+chemical%2Fstructure+analysis+of+geological+minerals+for+carbon+sequestration+using+atom+probe+tomography&rft.au=Liu%2C+Jia%3BPerea%2C+Daniel+E%3BArey%2C+Bruce%3BQafoku%2C+Odeta%3BColby%2C+Robert%3BFelmy%2C+Andrew+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Jia&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1471&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2014/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/A-Z.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; chemical reactions; electron microscopy data; experimental studies; heterogeneity; human activity; mechanism; minerals; mitigation; rates; TEM data; theoretical studies; three-dimensional models; tomography ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using stable isotopes to investigate microbial H (sub 2) and N (sub 2) O production AN - 1707524136; 2015-080956 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Hegg, Eric L AU - Yang, Hui AU - Kreuzer, Helen W AU - Moran, James J AU - Hill, Eric A AU - Gandhi, Hasand AU - Ostrom, Nathaniel E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 951 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - isotope fractionation KW - N-15/N-14 KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - metabolism KW - isotope ratios KW - C-13/C-12 KW - nitrous oxide KW - mechanism KW - O-18/O-16 KW - enzymes KW - stable isotopes KW - Shewanella KW - nitrogen KW - organic compounds KW - chemical reactions KW - D/H KW - hydrogen KW - carbon KW - Shewanella oneidensis KW - bacteria KW - deuterium KW - proteins KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1707524136?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Using+stable+isotopes+to+investigate+microbial+H+%28sub+2%29+and+N+%28sub+2%29+O+production&rft.au=Hegg%2C+Eric+L%3BYang%2C+Hui%3BKreuzer%2C+Helen+W%3BMoran%2C+James+J%3BHill%2C+Eric+A%3BGandhi%2C+Hasand%3BOstrom%2C+Nathaniel+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hegg&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=951&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmid 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; C-13/C-12; carbon; chemical reactions; D/H; deuterium; enzymes; hydrogen; isotope fractionation; isotope ratios; isotopes; mechanism; metabolism; N-15/N-14; nitrogen; nitrous oxide; O-18/O-16; organic compounds; oxygen; proteins; Shewanella; Shewanella oneidensis; stable isotopes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mechanistic insights into the water-film threshold for silicate carbonation in wet-scCO (sub 2) AN - 1703689954; 2015-078375 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Loring, John S AU - Benezeth, P AU - Chen, J AU - Qafoku, O AU - Schaef, H T AU - Thompson, C J AU - Kerisit, S N AU - Ilton, E S AU - Felmy, A R AU - Rosso, K M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 1517 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - water KW - silicates KW - experimental studies KW - carbon sequestration KW - pressure KW - in situ KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - electron microscopy data KW - carbonation KW - high pressure KW - TEM data KW - infrared spectra KW - carbon dioxide KW - buoyancy KW - chemical reactions KW - precipitation KW - spectra KW - TGA data KW - geochemistry KW - SEM data KW - chemical fractionation KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1703689954?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Mechanistic+insights+into+the+water-film+threshold+for+silicate+carbonation+in+wet-scCO+%28sub+2%29&rft.au=Loring%2C+John+S%3BBenezeth%2C+P%3BChen%2C+J%3BQafoku%2C+O%3BSchaef%2C+H+T%3BThompson%2C+C+J%3BKerisit%2C+S+N%3BIlton%2C+E+S%3BFelmy%2C+A+R%3BRosso%2C+K+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Loring&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1517&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt abstracts 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - buoyancy; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; carbonation; chemical fractionation; chemical reactions; electron microscopy data; experimental studies; geochemistry; high pressure; in situ; infrared spectra; precipitation; pressure; SEM data; silicates; spectra; TEM data; TGA data; water; X-ray diffraction data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Polysaccharide chemistry and ionic strength regulate calcite nucleation barriers through continuum of competing interfacial forces AN - 1696877317; 2015-068752 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Giuffre, Anthony J AU - De Yoreo, J J AU - Dove, P M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 808 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - sea water KW - solutions KW - polysaccharides KW - salinity KW - ions KW - calcite KW - controls KW - organic compounds KW - nucleation KW - carbohydrates KW - kinetics KW - carbonates KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1696877317?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Polysaccharide+chemistry+and+ionic+strength+regulate+calcite+nucleation+barriers+through+continuum+of+competing+interfacial+forces&rft.au=Giuffre%2C+Anthony+J%3BDe+Yoreo%2C+J+J%3BDove%2C+P+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Giuffre&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=808&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - calcite; carbohydrates; carbonates; controls; ions; kinetics; nucleation; organic compounds; polysaccharides; salinity; sea water; solutions ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Speciation of mercury and sulfur in northern peatlands AN - 1696876677; 2015-068696 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Furman, Olha AU - Toner, Brandy M AU - Nater, Edward A AU - Sebestyen, Stephen D AU - Tfaily, Malak M AU - Chanton, Jeffrey P AU - Kolka, Randall K AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 752 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - peatlands KW - mass spectra KW - vegetation KW - climate change KW - sulfur cycle KW - sediments KW - spectra KW - organic sulfur KW - mercury KW - soils KW - toxic materials KW - pollution KW - organo-metallics KW - atomic absorption spectra KW - geochemical cycle KW - peat KW - mires KW - methylmercury KW - mercury cycle KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - sulfur KW - pore water KW - chemical fractionation KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1696876677?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Speciation+of+mercury+and+sulfur+in+northern+peatlands&rft.au=Furman%2C+Olha%3BToner%2C+Brandy+M%3BNater%2C+Edward+A%3BSebestyen%2C+Stephen+D%3BTfaily%2C+Malak+M%3BChanton%2C+Jeffrey+P%3BKolka%2C+Randall+K%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Furman&rft.aufirst=Olha&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=752&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atomic absorption spectra; bacteria; chemical fractionation; climate change; geochemical cycle; mass spectra; mercury; mercury cycle; metals; methylmercury; mires; organic sulfur; organo-metallics; peat; peatlands; pollution; pore water; sediments; soils; spectra; sulfur; sulfur cycle; toxic materials; vegetation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Goldschmidt 2014 AN - 1696876386; 2015-068745 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Gilles, Mary K AU - Laskin, Alexander AU - Moffet, Ryan AU - Wang, Bingbing AU - Neu, Alexander AU - Epstein, Scott A AU - MacMillan, Amanda C AU - Nizkorodov, Sergey A AU - O'Brien, Rachel E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 801 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - models KW - North America KW - South America KW - relative humidity KW - viscosity KW - atmosphere KW - aerosols KW - spectra KW - X-ray spectra KW - particles KW - measurement KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1696876386?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Goldschmidt+2014&rft.au=Gilles%2C+Mary+K%3BLaskin%2C+Alexander%3BMoffet%2C+Ryan%3BWang%2C+Bingbing%3BNeu%2C+Alexander%3BEpstein%2C+Scott+A%3BMacMillan%2C+Amanda+C%3BNizkorodov%2C+Sergey+A%3BO%27Brien%2C+Rachel+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gilles&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=801&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerosols; atmosphere; measurement; models; North America; particles; relative humidity; South America; spectra; viscosity; X-ray spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Viscosity of secondary organic material and implications for particle growth AN - 1696875866; 2015-068795 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Grayson, James W AU - Renbaum-Wolff, Lindsay AU - Song, Mijung AU - Potter, Katie AU - Kuwata, Mikinori AU - Bateman, Adam P AU - Zhang, Yue AU - Liu, Pengfei AU - Sellier, Mathieu AU - Murray, Benjamin J AU - Shilling, John AU - Martin, Scot T AU - Berttam, Allan K AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 852 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - models KW - physical properties KW - organic compounds KW - viscosity KW - oxidation KW - aerosols KW - accuracy KW - particles KW - isoprene KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1696875866?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Viscosity+of+secondary+organic+material+and+implications+for+particle+growth&rft.au=Grayson%2C+James+W%3BRenbaum-Wolff%2C+Lindsay%3BSong%2C+Mijung%3BPotter%2C+Katie%3BKuwata%2C+Mikinori%3BBateman%2C+Adam+P%3BZhang%2C+Yue%3BLiu%2C+Pengfei%3BSellier%2C+Mathieu%3BMurray%2C+Benjamin+J%3BShilling%2C+John%3BMartin%2C+Scot+T%3BBerttam%2C+Allan+K%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Grayson&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=852&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; aerosols; isoprene; models; organic compounds; oxidation; particles; physical properties; viscosity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mechanisms driving sub-micron proxy heterogeneity in biominerals; lessons from planktic Foraminifera AN - 1696875214; 2015-068701 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Gagnon, Alexander AU - Giuffre, Anthony J AU - Russell, Ann AU - Spero, Howard AU - Zhu, Zihua AU - Perea, Daniel AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 757 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - biomineralization KW - experimental studies KW - Protista KW - ion probe data KW - mechanism KW - mass spectra KW - planktonic taxa KW - geochemical cycle KW - Foraminifera KW - carbon KW - tracers KW - Invertebrata KW - spectra KW - carbon cycle KW - heterogeneity KW - microfossils KW - 10:Invertebrate paleontology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1696875214?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Mechanisms+driving+sub-micron+proxy+heterogeneity+in+biominerals%3B+lessons+from+planktic+Foraminifera&rft.au=Gagnon%2C+Alexander%3BGiuffre%2C+Anthony+J%3BRussell%2C+Ann%3BSpero%2C+Howard%3BZhu%2C+Zihua%3BPerea%2C+Daniel%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gagnon&rft.aufirst=Alexander&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=757&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biomineralization; carbon; carbon cycle; experimental studies; Foraminifera; geochemical cycle; heterogeneity; Invertebrata; ion probe data; mass spectra; mechanism; microfossils; planktonic taxa; Protista; spectra; tracers ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bacterially-produced uraninite; ultrastructural characterization by high resolution imaging and analyses AN - 1692746226; 2015-063340 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Dohnalkova, Alice C AU - Marshall, M J AU - Kemner, K M AU - Kennedy, D W AU - Genc, A AU - Fredrickson, J K AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 573 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - isotopes KW - microstructure KW - characterization KW - crystal structure KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - XANES spectra KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - water pollution KW - heavy metals KW - high-resolution methods KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - electron microscopy data KW - bioremediation KW - X-ray spectra KW - TEM data KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - EXAFS data KW - uranium KW - uraninite KW - actinides KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692746226?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Bacterially-produced+uraninite%3B+ultrastructural+characterization+by+high+resolution+imaging+and+analyses&rft.au=Dohnalkova%2C+Alice+C%3BMarshall%2C+M+J%3BKemner%2C+K+M%3BKennedy%2C+D+W%3BGenc%2C+A%3BFredrickson%2C+J+K%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Dohnalkova&rft.aufirst=Alice&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=573&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; bacteria; bioremediation; characterization; crystal structure; electron microscopy data; EXAFS data; ground water; heavy metals; high-resolution methods; isotopes; metals; microstructure; oxides; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; remediation; spectra; TEM data; transport; uraninite; uranium; water pollution; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Aerosol impacts on California winter clouds and precipitation during CalWater 2011; local pollution versus long-range transported dust AN - 1692746210; 2015-062917 AB - Mineral dust aerosols often observed over California in winter and spring, associated with long-range transport from Asia and the Sahara, have been linked to enhanced precipitation based on observations. Local anthropogenic pollution, on the other hand, was shown in previous observational and modeling studies to reduce precipitation. Here we incorporate recent developments in ice nucleation parameterizations to link aerosols with ice crystal formation in a spectral-bin cloud microphysical model coupled with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model in order to examine the relative and combined impacts of dust and local pollution particles on cloud properties and precipitation type and intensity. Simulations are carried out for two cloud cases (from the CalWater 2011 field campaign) with contrasting meteorology and cloud dynamics that occurred on 16 February (FEB16) and 2 March (MAR02). In both cases, observations show the presence of dust and biological particles in a relative pristine environment. The simulated cloud microphysical properties and precipitation show reasonable agreement with aircraft and surface measurements. Model sensitivity experiments indicate that in the pristine environment, the dust and biological aerosol layers increase the accumulated precipitation by 10-20% from the Central Valley to the Sierra Nevada for both FEB16 and MAR02 due to a approximately 40% increase in snow formation, validating the observational hypothesis. Model results show that local pollution increases precipitation over the windward slope of the mountains by a few percent due to increased snow formation when dust is present, but reduces precipitation by 5-8% if dust is removed on FEB16. The effects of local pollution on cloud microphysics and precipitation strongly depend on meteorology, including cloud dynamics and the strength of the Sierra Barrier Jet. This study further underscores the importance of the interactions between local pollution, dust, and environmental conditions for assessing aerosol effects on cold-season precipitation in California. JF - Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics AU - Fan, J AU - Leung, L R AU - DeMott, P J AU - Comstock, J M AU - Singh, B AU - Rosenfeld, D AU - Tomlinson, J M AU - White, A AU - Prather, K A AU - Minnis, P AU - Ayers, J K AU - Min, Q Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 81 EP - 101 PB - Copernicus, Katlenburg-Lindau VL - 14 IS - 1 SN - 1680-7316, 1680-7316 KW - United States KW - Sierra Nevada KW - cloud condensation nuclei KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - simulation KW - environmental analysis KW - environmental effects KW - human ecology KW - droplets KW - air pollution KW - California KW - spectral-bin cloud microphysical model KW - atmospheric circulation KW - CalWater 2011 KW - transport KW - ice KW - snow KW - sediments KW - Pacific Coast KW - meteorology KW - climate KW - ice nucleating particles KW - clouds KW - concentration KW - numerical models KW - clastic sediments KW - radar methods KW - pollution KW - atmosphere KW - equations KW - satellite methods KW - multichannel methods KW - crystals KW - Central Valley KW - physical properties KW - terrains KW - ice crystals KW - atmospheric transport KW - regional KW - dust KW - Weather Research and Forecasting model KW - aerosols KW - seasonal variations KW - winds KW - particles KW - remote sensing KW - airborne methods KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692746210?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Chemistry+and+Physics&rft.atitle=Aerosol+impacts+on+California+winter+clouds+and+precipitation+during+CalWater+2011%3B+local+pollution+versus+long-range+transported+dust&rft.au=Fan%2C+J%3BLeung%2C+L+R%3BDeMott%2C+P+J%3BComstock%2C+J+M%3BSingh%2C+B%3BRosenfeld%2C+D%3BTomlinson%2C+J+M%3BWhite%2C+A%3BPrather%2C+K+A%3BMinnis%2C+P%3BAyers%2C+J+K%3BMin%2C+Q&rft.aulast=Fan&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=81&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Chemistry+and+Physics&rft.issn=16807316&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/14/81/2014/acp-14-81-2014.pdf http://www.atmospheric-chemistry-and-physics.net/home.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Copernicus Gesellschaft, Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 65 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerosols; air pollution; airborne methods; atmosphere; atmospheric circulation; atmospheric precipitation; atmospheric transport; California; CalWater 2011; Central Valley; clastic sediments; climate; cloud condensation nuclei; clouds; concentration; crystals; droplets; dust; environmental analysis; environmental effects; equations; human ecology; ice; ice crystals; ice nucleating particles; meteorology; multichannel methods; numerical models; Pacific Coast; particles; physical properties; pollution; radar methods; regional; remote sensing; satellite methods; seasonal variations; sediments; Sierra Nevada; simulation; snow; spectral-bin cloud microphysical model; terrains; transport; United States; Weather Research and Forecasting model; winds ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The control of organic matrices on nucleation and growth of CaCO (sub 3) AN - 1692745125; 2015-063315 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - de Yoreo, James J AU - Nielsen, M H AU - Smeets, P J M AU - Hamm, L M AU - Dove, P M AU - Sommerdijk, N A J M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 548 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - processes KW - solutes KW - free energy KW - electron microscopy data KW - crystal growth KW - TEM data KW - calcite KW - controls KW - organic compounds KW - atomic force microscopy data KW - nucleation KW - calcium carbonate KW - proteins KW - kinetics KW - carbonates KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692745125?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=The+control+of+organic+matrices+on+nucleation+and+growth+of+CaCO+%28sub+3%29&rft.au=de+Yoreo%2C+James+J%3BNielsen%2C+M+H%3BSmeets%2C+P+J+M%3BHamm%2C+L+M%3BDove%2C+P+M%3BSommerdijk%2C+N+A+J+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=de+Yoreo&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=548&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atomic force microscopy data; calcite; calcium carbonate; carbonates; controls; crystal growth; electron microscopy data; free energy; kinetics; nucleation; organic compounds; processes; proteins; solutes; TEM data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - SP2 analysis of black carbon from biomass burning and diesel emissions AN - 1692744926; 2015-063183 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Aiken, A C AU - Liu, S AU - Dubey, M K AU - McMeeking, G AU - Yokelson, B AU - Shilling, J AU - Zaveri, R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 16 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - experimental studies KW - biomass KW - global change KW - petroleum products KW - combustion KW - atomic absorption spectra KW - fires KW - laboratory studies KW - absorption KW - photometry KW - black carbon KW - mixing KW - carbon KW - diesel fuel KW - spectra KW - global warming KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692744926?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=SP2+analysis+of+black+carbon+from+biomass+burning+and+diesel+emissions&rft.au=Aiken%2C+A+C%3BLiu%2C+S%3BDubey%2C+M+K%3BMcMeeking%2C+G%3BYokelson%2C+B%3BShilling%2C+J%3BZaveri%2C+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Aiken&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=16&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absorption; atomic absorption spectra; biomass; black carbon; carbon; combustion; diesel fuel; experimental studies; fires; global change; global warming; laboratory studies; mixing; petroleum products; photometry; spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Deciphering chemical and morphological patterns of mineralization AN - 1692744881; 2015-063360 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Dove, P M AU - Giuffre, A AU - Blue, C AU - Mergelsberg, S AU - de Yoreo, James AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 593 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - processes KW - biomineralization KW - patterns KW - Paleozoic KW - matrix KW - crystal growth KW - controls KW - organic compounds KW - paleoenvironment KW - nucleation KW - lower Paleozoic KW - mineralization KW - fossil record KW - 01A:General mineralogy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692744881?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Deciphering+chemical+and+morphological+patterns+of+mineralization&rft.au=Dove%2C+P+M%3BGiuffre%2C+A%3BBlue%2C+C%3BMergelsberg%2C+S%3Bde+Yoreo%2C+James%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Dove&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=593&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biomineralization; controls; crystal growth; fossil record; lower Paleozoic; matrix; mineralization; nucleation; organic compounds; paleoenvironment; Paleozoic; patterns; processes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Iodine speciation and potential for bioremediation at the 200 West Hanford Site AN - 1692744727; 2015-063336 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Dodwell, Alexander AU - Eisenhauer, E AU - Lee, B AU - Parker, K AU - Lee, H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 569 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - Washington KW - in situ KW - contaminant plumes KW - isotopes KW - halogens KW - pollution KW - observation wells KW - Hanford Site KW - humic acids KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - iodine KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - humic substances KW - radioactive isotopes KW - I-129 KW - waste disposal KW - water pollution KW - chemical fractionation KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692744727?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Iodine+speciation+and+potential+for+bioremediation+at+the+200+West+Hanford+Site&rft.au=Dodwell%2C+Alexander%3BEisenhauer%2C+E%3BLee%2C+B%3BParker%2C+K%3BLee%2C+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Dodwell&rft.aufirst=Alexander&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=569&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bioremediation; chemical fractionation; contaminant plumes; ground water; halogens; Hanford Site; humic acids; humic substances; I-129; in situ; iodine; isotopes; observation wells; organic acids; organic compounds; pollution; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; remediation; United States; Washington; waste disposal; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On-Line Spectroscopic Monitoring of a Weak-Acid-Based Separation Scheme: pH Measurement Variability and Accuracy AN - 1692321831; PQ0001263049 AB - Significant effort has been focused on the back end of the nuclear fuel cycle including treatment and reuse of irradiated fuel. Solvent extraction reprocessing schemes that are currently being developed contain various steps, with each one tailored to the separation of specific radionuclides. In these systems, acid strength/pH is of critical importance for process quality and control, as it affects speciation of the target analytes and thus their extraction efficiency and selectivity. In a nuclear fuel reprocessing facility, classic potentiometric pH measurements are not suitable for obtaining real-time continuous data due to their requirements of frequent calibration and maintenance and poor long-term stability in aggressive chemical and radiation environments. To this end, on-line spectroscopic monitoring has been proven as a viable alternative for pH determination that is compatible with real-time monitoring of dynamic separation processes in nuclear fuel reprocessing streams. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Casella, Amanda AU - Hylden, Laura AU - Crawford, Amanda AU - Heller, Forrest AU - Gunawardena, Navindra AU - Bryan, Sam AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory: P.O. Box 999, Richland WA, 99352 amanda.casella@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 438 EP - 439 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 111 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Environmental monitoring KW - Separation KW - Solvent extraction KW - Real time KW - On-line systems KW - Nuclear fuel reprocessing KW - Spectroscopy KW - pH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692321831?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=On-Line+Spectroscopic+Monitoring+of+a+Weak-Acid-Based+Separation+Scheme%3A+pH+Measurement+Variability+and+Accuracy&rft.au=Casella%2C+Amanda%3BHylden%2C+Laura%3BCrawford%2C+Amanda%3BHeller%2C+Forrest%3BGunawardena%2C+Navindra%3BBryan%2C+Sam&rft.aulast=Casella&rft.aufirst=Amanda&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=111&rft.issue=&rft.spage=438&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determining Remaining Useful Life of Aging Cables in Nuclear Power Plants using Non-destructive Evaluation AN - 1692314315; PQ0001263054 AB - Understanding aging in cable jacketing and insulation is critical to the long-term operation of nuclear power plants. NDE measurements that provide indicators of aging will need to be related to key indicators of cable aging, to enable advances in the in-situ, nondestructive measurement of cable age and prediction of condition-based remaining useful life. Initial measurement options being explored include nondestructive measurement of mechanical and electrical properties that may be correlated to commonly used inspection methods in the field (including EAB and indenter measurements). Initial measurements under controlled conditions indicate promise, though this will need to be evaluated using additional specimens. Also needing further evaluation are sources of variability for these measurements, and approaches to mitigate these sources of variability so that the measurements may be incorporated into advanced NDE methods for future field deployment. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Simmons, Kevin L AU - Ramuhalli, Pradeep AU - Pardini, Allan AU - Prowant, Matthew AU - Fifield, Leonard S AU - Tedeschi, Jonathan AU - Jones, A Mark AU - Westman, Matt P AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory: Richland, WA, 99352 kevin.simmons@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 456 EP - 458 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 111 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Nuclear power plants KW - Nuclear power generation KW - Insulation KW - Nondestructive testing KW - Indicators KW - Inspection KW - Cables KW - Electrical properties UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692314315?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Determining+Remaining+Useful+Life+of+Aging+Cables+in+Nuclear+Power+Plants+using+Non-destructive+Evaluation&rft.au=Simmons%2C+Kevin+L%3BRamuhalli%2C+Pradeep%3BPardini%2C+Allan%3BProwant%2C+Matthew%3BFifield%2C+Leonard+S%3BTedeschi%2C+Jonathan%3BJones%2C+A+Mark%3BWestman%2C+Matt+P&rft.aulast=Simmons&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=111&rft.issue=&rft.spage=456&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-01 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Preliminary Evaluation of Removing Used Nuclear Fuel from Shutdown Sites AN - 1692303640; PQ0001263025 AB - In January 2013, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) issued the Strategy for the Management and Disposal of Used Nuclear Fuel and High-Level Radioactive Waste [1]. Among the elements contained in this strategy is an initial focus on accepting used nuclear fuel from shutdown reactor sites. This focus is consistent with the recommendations of the Blue Ribbon Commission on America's Nuclear Future, which identified removal of stranded used nuclear fuel at shutdown sites as a priority so that these sites may be completely decommissioned and put to other beneficial uses [2]. Shutdown sites are defined as those commercial nuclear power reactor sites where the nuclear power reactors have been shut down and the site has been decommissioned or is undergoing decommissioning. In this report, a preliminary evaluation of removing used nuclear fuel from 12 shutdown sites was conducted. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Maheras, Steven J AU - Best, Ralph E AU - Ross, Steven B AU - Buxton, Kenneth A AU - England, Jeffery L AU - McConnell, Paul E AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battette Blvd., P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352 Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 348 EP - 350 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 111 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Nuclear power reactors KW - Energy (nuclear) KW - Strategy KW - Nuclear fuels KW - Decommissioned KW - Ribbons KW - Shutdowns KW - Nuclear reactor components UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692303640?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Preliminary+Evaluation+of+Removing+Used+Nuclear+Fuel+from+Shutdown+Sites&rft.au=Maheras%2C+Steven+J%3BBest%2C+Ralph+E%3BRoss%2C+Steven+B%3BBuxton%2C+Kenneth+A%3BEngland%2C+Jeffery+L%3BMcConnell%2C+Paul+E&rft.aulast=Maheras&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=111&rft.issue=&rft.spage=348&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-01 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sensitivity Studies on UNF Cladding Structural Integrity Under NCT Loading AN - 1692302932; PQ0001263086 AB - Under current U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission regulation, used nuclear fuel (UNF) must maintain its integrity in such a way that it can withstand the physical forces of handling and transportation associated with restaging the fuel and moving it to treatment or recycling facilities, or to a geologic repository or other storage facility. In 2013 an initial modeling and simulation demonstration was implemented to perform preliminary evaluations on the mechanical integrity of cladding for UNF under normal conditions of transport (NCT) for a hypothetical 3000 mile rail journey [1]. This initial demonstration predicted (for the particular transportation package, UNF assembly, material properties considered, and conservative assumptions made) that the cladding did not experience enough damage, either through plastic strain or fatigue, to lose its structural integrity. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Sanborn, Scott E AU - Koeppel, Brian J AU - Geelhood, Ken J AU - Adkins, Harold E AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352 scott.sanborn@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 575 EP - 577 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 111 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Transportation KW - Mathematical models KW - Integrity KW - Fatigue failure KW - Cladding KW - Structural integrity KW - Storage facilities KW - Plastic deformation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692302932?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Sensitivity+Studies+on+UNF+Cladding+Structural+Integrity+Under+NCT+Loading&rft.au=Sanborn%2C+Scott+E%3BKoeppel%2C+Brian+J%3BGeelhood%2C+Ken+J%3BAdkins%2C+Harold+E&rft.aulast=Sanborn&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=111&rft.issue=&rft.spage=575&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-01 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rates and mechanisms of uranyl oxyhydroxide mineral dissolution AN - 1689591412; 2015-056703 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Reinoso-Maset, Estela AU - Um, Wooyong AU - Chorover, Jon AU - Steefel, Carl AU - O'Day, Peggy A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 2056 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - sorption KW - desorption KW - compreignacite KW - complexing KW - mechanism KW - solution KW - ground water KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - sediments KW - oxides KW - ion exchange KW - experimental studies KW - Washington KW - oxyhydroxides KW - Hanford Site KW - rates KW - uranyl oxyhydroxide KW - aquifers KW - hydroxides KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - EXAFS data KW - uranium KW - actinides KW - chemical fractionation KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1689591412?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Rates+and+mechanisms+of+uranyl+oxyhydroxide+mineral+dissolution&rft.au=Reinoso-Maset%2C+Estela%3BUm%2C+Wooyong%3BChorover%2C+Jon%3BSteefel%2C+Carl%3BO%27Day%2C+Peggy+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Reinoso-Maset&rft.aufirst=Estela&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2056&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; aquifers; chemical fractionation; chemical reactions; complexing; compreignacite; desorption; EXAFS data; experimental studies; ground water; Hanford Site; hydroxides; ion exchange; mechanism; metals; oxides; oxyhydroxides; precipitation; rates; sediments; solution; sorption; transport; United States; uranium; uranyl oxyhydroxide; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The importance of trace components in promoting the nucleation and growth of mineral phases; magnesite at high partial pressure of CO (sub 2) AN - 1689591196; 2015-056654 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Qafoku, Odeta AU - Arey, Bruce AU - Kovarik, Libor AU - Felmy, Andrew R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 2007 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - alkaline earth metals KW - magnesium KW - lattice KW - cobalt KW - magnesite KW - electron microscopy data KW - crystal growth KW - TEM data KW - nucleation KW - metals KW - carbonates KW - SEM data KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1689591196?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=The+importance+of+trace+components+in+promoting+the+nucleation+and+growth+of+mineral+phases%3B+magnesite+at+high+partial+pressure+of+CO+%28sub+2%29&rft.au=Qafoku%2C+Odeta%3BArey%2C+Bruce%3BKovarik%2C+Libor%3BFelmy%2C+Andrew+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Qafoku&rft.aufirst=Odeta&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2007&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; carbonates; cobalt; crystal growth; electron microscopy data; lattice; magnesite; magnesium; metals; nucleation; SEM data; TEM data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Direct observation of CaCO (sub 3) formation pathways AN - 1686061536; 2015-049145 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Nielsen, Michael H AU - de Yoreo, James J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 1811 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - genesis KW - nucleation KW - aragonite KW - precipitation KW - vaterite KW - calcium carbonate KW - solution KW - carbonates KW - TEM data KW - observations KW - calcite KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1686061536?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Direct+observation+of+CaCO+%28sub+3%29+formation+pathways&rft.au=Nielsen%2C+Michael+H%3Bde+Yoreo%2C+James+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Nielsen&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1811&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aragonite; calcite; calcium carbonate; carbonates; genesis; nucleation; observations; precipitation; solution; TEM data; vaterite ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chemical composition and morphological characteristics of ambient laboratory generated soot particles AN - 1686060305; 2015-049169 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - O'Brien, Rachel E AU - Sharma, Noopur AU - Pham, Don AU - Zaveri, Rahul AU - Shilling, John AU - Mazzoleni, Claudio AU - Laskin, Alexander AU - Gilles, Mary K AU - Moffet, Ryan C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 1835 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - experimental studies KW - electron microscopy data KW - properties KW - X-ray spectra KW - measurement KW - inorganic materials KW - EDS spectra KW - soot KW - laboratory studies KW - absorption KW - organic compounds KW - ash KW - mixing KW - EXAFS data KW - applications KW - spectra KW - chemical composition KW - SEM data KW - particles KW - field studies KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1686060305?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Chemical+composition+and+morphological+characteristics+of+ambient+laboratory+generated+soot+particles&rft.au=O%27Brien%2C+Rachel+E%3BSharma%2C+Noopur%3BPham%2C+Don%3BZaveri%2C+Rahul%3BShilling%2C+John%3BMazzoleni%2C+Claudio%3BLaskin%2C+Alexander%3BGilles%2C+Mary+K%3BMoffet%2C+Ryan+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=O%27Brien&rft.aufirst=Rachel&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1835&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absorption; applications; ash; chemical composition; EDS spectra; electron microscopy data; EXAFS data; experimental studies; field studies; inorganic materials; laboratory studies; measurement; mixing; organic compounds; particles; properties; SEM data; soot; spectra; X-ray spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Metal-sulfur radii for use in geochemistry AN - 1686060109; 2015-047195 AB - The ionic radii proposed by Shannon and Prewitt [1] and Shannon [2] for oxides have contributed greatly to our understanding of silicate geochemistry. However, similar applications to sulfide geochemistry are more complex as sulfides may contain metal-sulfur, sulfur-sulfur and metal-metal bonded interactions [3]. With the crystal ionic radii, valences and coordination numbers for the M cations from Shannon [4] and an assumed radius of 1.70 Aa for the sulfide anion, scatter diagrams were prepared for sulfide bond lengths, R(M-S), and normalized bond strengths, s/r, for sulfides where s is the Pauling bond strength and r is the periodic table row number of M. A regression analysis completed for first- and second-row cations resulted in R(M-S) = 1.84(s/r) (super -0.20) with 99% of the variation in R(M-S) accounted for in terms of the normalized bond strength. This expression is comparable with that obtained by Bartelmehs et al. [5] for sulfide molecules, R(M-S) = 1.83(s/r) (super -0.21) . A plot for lanthanoid and actinoid cations for all rows of the periodic table resulted in R(M-S) = 1.84(s/r) (super -0.18) . A similar expression, R(M-O) = 1.45(s/r) (super -0.20) , is obtained for the 470 M-O bond lengths provided by the Shannon [2] table of crystal radii, assuming a radius of 1.24 Aa for the oxide anion. The 1.84 and 1.24 coefficients are the M-S and M-O bond lengths, respectively, for bonded interactions with unity s/r bond strengths. When transition metal bond lengths are added to sulfide data set, they cluster and are substantially less depended on s/r. Given that M-M bonded interactions may exist, as seen in the Ni sulfides [3], s does not always provide a faithful measure of the cohesion of the M-S bonded interactions. The occurrence of S-S dimers in sulfides is another factor that may impact bond strength considerations. A mapping of the electron density distributions for the sulfides is currently underway to establish whether a connection exists between bond length and rho (r (sub c) )/r as found for oxides and whether other unexpected bonded interactions may exist. Refs: [1] R. D. Shannon and C. T. Prewitt (1969) Acta Cryst. B25, 925; [2] R. D. Shannon (1976) Acta Cryst. A32, 751; [3] G. V. Gibbs et al. (2005) J Phys Chem B 109, 21788; [4] R. D. Shannon (1981), In Structure and Bonding in Crystals, Vol. II, 53-70; [5] Bartelmehs et al. (1989) Amer. Miner., 74,620. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Gibbs, G V AU - Ross, Nancy L AU - Rosso, Kevin M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 414 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 46 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1686060109?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Metal-sulfur+radii+for+use+in+geochemistry&rft.au=Gibbs%2C+G+V%3BRoss%2C+Nancy+L%3BRosso%2C+Kevin+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gibbs&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=414&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2014 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-05 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spectro-microscopy of ambient aerosol particles; observational constraints on mixing state parameterization AN - 1686058745; 2015-049170 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - O'Brien, Rachel E AU - Wang, Bingbing AU - Laskin, Alexander AU - West, Matthew AU - Riemer, Nicole AU - Gilles, Mary K AU - Moffet, Ryan C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 1836 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - models KW - mixing KW - EXAFS data KW - composition KW - aerosols KW - geochemistry KW - observations KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1686058745?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Spectro-microscopy+of+ambient+aerosol+particles%3B+observational+constraints+on+mixing+state+parameterization&rft.au=O%27Brien%2C+Rachel+E%3BWang%2C+Bingbing%3BLaskin%2C+Alexander%3BWest%2C+Matthew%3BRiemer%2C+Nicole%3BGilles%2C+Mary+K%3BMoffet%2C+Ryan+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=O%27Brien&rft.aufirst=Rachel&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1836&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerosols; composition; EXAFS data; geochemistry; mixing; models; observations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of surface morphology on the immersion mode ice nucleation efficiency of hematite particles AN - 1680756512; 2015-042966 AB - In this paper, the effect of the morphological modification of aerosol particles with respect to heterogeneous ice nucleation is comprehensively investigated for laboratory-generated hematite particles as a model substrate for atmospheric dust particles. The surface-area-scaled ice nucleation efficiencies of monodisperse cubic hematite particles and milled hematite particles were measured with a series of expansion cooling experiments using the Aerosol Interaction and Dynamics in the Atmosphere (AIDA) cloud simulation chamber. Complementary offline characterization of physico-chemical properties of both hematite subsets were also carried out with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and an electro-kinetic particle charge detector to further constrain droplet-freezing measurements of hematite particles. Additionally, an empirical parameterization derived from our laboratory measurements was implemented in the single-column version of the Community Atmospheric Model version 5 (CAM5) to investigate the model sensitivity in simulated ice crystal number concentration on different ice nucleation efficiencies. From an experimental perspective, our results show that the immersion mode ice nucleation efficiency of milled hematite particles is almost an order of magnitude higher at -35.2 degrees C< T < -33.5 degrees C than that of the cubic hematite particles, indicating a substantial effect of morphological irregularities on immersion mode freezing. Our modeling results similarly show that the increased droplet-freezing rates of milled hematite particles lead to about one order magnitude higher ice crystal number in the upper troposphere than cubic hematite particles. Overall, our results suggest that the surface irregularities and associated active sites lead to greater ice activation through droplet freezing. JF - Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics AU - Hiranuma, N AU - Hoffmann, N AU - Kiselev, A AU - Dreyer, A AU - Zhang, K AU - Kulkarni, G AU - Koop, T AU - Moehler, O Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 2315 EP - 2324 PB - Copernicus, Katlenburg-Lindau VL - 14 IS - 5 SN - 1680-7316, 1680-7316 KW - single-column analysis KW - AIDA cloud simulation chamber KW - crystal growth KW - freezing KW - simulation KW - droplets KW - laboratory studies KW - hematite KW - sensitivity analysis KW - ice KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - CAM5 model KW - clouds KW - surface properties KW - concentration KW - experimental studies KW - physicochemical properties KW - cloud models KW - atmosphere KW - electron microscopy data KW - X-ray spectra KW - crystals KW - nucleation KW - ice crystals KW - aerosols KW - SEM data KW - particles KW - immersion mode KW - 01A:General mineralogy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1680756512?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Chemistry+and+Physics&rft.atitle=Influence+of+surface+morphology+on+the+immersion+mode+ice+nucleation+efficiency+of+hematite+particles&rft.au=Hiranuma%2C+N%3BHoffmann%2C+N%3BKiselev%2C+A%3BDreyer%2C+A%3BZhang%2C+K%3BKulkarni%2C+G%3BKoop%2C+T%3BMoehler%2C+O&rft.aulast=Hiranuma&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=2315&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Chemistry+and+Physics&rft.issn=16807316&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/14/2315/2014/acp-14-2315-2014.pdf http://www.atmospheric-chemistry-and-physics.net/home.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Copernicus Gesellschaft, Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 36 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - For supplementary material see http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/14/2315/2014/acp-14-2315-2014-supplement. pdf; accessed on May 11, 2015 N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerosols; AIDA cloud simulation chamber; atmosphere; CAM5 model; cloud models; clouds; concentration; crystal growth; crystals; droplets; electron microscopy data; experimental studies; freezing; hematite; ice; ice crystals; immersion mode; laboratory studies; nucleation; oxides; particles; physicochemical properties; SEM data; sensitivity analysis; simulation; single-column analysis; spectra; surface properties; X-ray spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acidovorax species reveal potential for oxidation of H (sub 2) coupled to reduction of O (sub 2) , NO (sub 3) (super -) and radionuclides across a subsurface redox gradient AN - 1676585522; 2015-038766 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Plymale, A E AU - Lee, J H AU - Fredrickson, J K AU - Dohnalkova, A C AU - Moran, J J AU - Resch, C T AU - McKinley, J P AU - Shi, L AU - Roden, Eric E AU - Converse, B J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 1969 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - anions KW - Acidovorax KW - Washington KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - oxidation KW - Hanford Site KW - pertechnetate KW - nitrogen KW - radioactive isotopes KW - reduction KW - nitrate ion KW - Eh KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1676585522?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Acidovorax+species+reveal+potential+for+oxidation+of+H+%28sub+2%29+coupled+to+reduction+of+O+%28sub+2%29+%2C+NO+%28sub+3%29+%28super+-%29+and+radionuclides+across+a+subsurface+redox+gradient&rft.au=Plymale%2C+A+E%3BLee%2C+J+H%3BFredrickson%2C+J+K%3BDohnalkova%2C+A+C%3BMoran%2C+J+J%3BResch%2C+C+T%3BMcKinley%2C+J+P%3BShi%2C+L%3BRoden%2C+Eric+E%3BConverse%2C+B+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Plymale&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1969&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt abstracts 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Acidovorax; anions; Eh; Hanford Site; isotopes; nitrate ion; nitrogen; oxidation; oxygen; pertechnetate; radioactive isotopes; reduction; United States; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carbon isotopic composition of organic fossils across isotopic extremes in Cryogenian carbonates AN - 1673366217; 2015-033839 AB - Neoproterozoic carbonate strata record large perturbations to many biogeochemical cycles. Studies of these strata rely primarily on the bulk isotopic records of organic and inorganic carbon. We characterize fossil-specific C isotopic composition of organic-walled fossils from carbonate strata from the Cryogenian Taishir member of the Tsagaan Olom Formation in Mongolia. These strata span a range of carbonate delta (super 13) C values, from +7 to -6 per mil. The morphology of fossil tests suggests a planktonic lifestyle of their precursor organisms. Thus, their isotopic composition should reflect that of the surface waters during the deposition of the Taishir member. Our preliminary results, obtained from the analysis of 8 samples of 15 individual tests by LA-IRMS and 8 samples of 75-125 individual tests by Nano-EA indicate that the carbon isotopic composition of fossil tests do not co-vary with the C isotopic composition of the host carbonate or bulk organic carbon. This implies the presence of isotopically heterogeneous organic matter within the carbonates characterized by large negative delta (super 13) C values. The isotopic heterogeneity will be tested by SIMS analysis of organic-rich material in thin sections and LA-IRMS analyses of bulk organic residues from fossiliferous samples. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Matys, Emily D AU - Freeman, Katherine H AU - Macdonald, Francis A AU - Bird, Laurence AU - Moran, James J AU - Bosak, Tanja AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 629 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 46 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 12:Stratigraphy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1673366217?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Carbon+isotopic+composition+of+organic+fossils+across+isotopic+extremes+in+Cryogenian+carbonates&rft.au=Matys%2C+Emily+D%3BFreeman%2C+Katherine+H%3BMacdonald%2C+Francis+A%3BBird%2C+Laurence%3BMoran%2C+James+J%3BBosak%2C+Tanja%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Matys&rft.aufirst=Emily&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=629&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2014 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-16 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prompt-Nubar Calculations for 27 Actinides AN - 1671605451; 20432504 AB - The Madland-Nix methodology for the calculation of prompt-nubar has been used by a number of investigators (e.g., Madland-Nix [1], Maslov et al. [2,3], and Brady et al. [4]) In our previous work [4], we calculated both prompt-nubar and the prompt fission neutron spectmm parameters. Prompt-nubar is given by the following equation: (ProQuest: Formulae and/or non-USASCII text omitted) where is the average energy release (see below), B sub(n) is the separation energy (Chart of the Nuclides), E sub(n) is the kinetic energy of the incident neutron (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 9, 15, 20 MeV in these analyses), sub(tot) is the total average fission fragment kinetic energy, is the total average prompt gamma energy: = 0.028 A + 0.09, is the average fission fragment neutron separation energy, is the average center of mass energy of the emitted neutrons. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Wright, Richard Q AU - Brady-Raap, Michaele C AU - Westfall, Robert M AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352 Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 572 EP - 574 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 110 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Separation KW - Texts KW - Kinetic energy KW - Emittance KW - Mathematical analysis KW - Fragmentation KW - Fission KW - Actinides UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1671605451?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Prompt-Nubar+Calculations+for+27+Actinides&rft.au=Wright%2C+Richard+Q%3BBrady-Raap%2C+Michaele+C%3BWestfall%2C+Robert+M&rft.aulast=Wright&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=110&rft.issue=&rft.spage=572&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular characterization of brown carbon; what can be learned and how? AN - 1668229760; 2015-027970 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Laskin, A AU - Laskin, J AU - Nizkorodov, S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 1363 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - carbon KW - physicochemical properties KW - characterization KW - pollution KW - mass spectra KW - aerosols KW - spectra KW - particles KW - environmental effects KW - air pollution KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1668229760?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Molecular+characterization+of+brown+carbon%3B+what+can+be+learned+and+how%3F&rft.au=Laskin%2C+A%3BLaskin%2C+J%3BNizkorodov%2C+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Laskin&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1363&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2014/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/A-Z.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerosols; air pollution; carbon; characterization; environmental effects; mass spectra; particles; physicochemical properties; pollution; spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The homogenization and optimized application of heterogenous soil samples to the laser-scatter particle size analyzer (Horiba LA-950V2) AN - 1668229606; 2015-029139 AB - To better understand hydrologic properties, particle size analysis offers a reliable solution to infer pore space distribution within geologic facies. Common procedures, including sieving and hydrometer methods, are inefficient due to a variety of inhibiting factors: expensive overhead costs, aggregation of sediments, and questionable assumptions needed to calculate sediment fractions. Functioning as an alternative, the Laser-Scatter Particle Size Analyzer (LA-950V2) generates data by measuring angles and intensities of light diffracted off the surface of soil particles suspended in dispersive medium. Subject to varying grades of sediment, LA-950V2 typically functions best when measuring samples weighing less than 1 gram. Assuring representative samples of bulk medium becomes inherently difficult under such conditions; to remedy these barriers and ensure accurate characterization, internally developed methodology for the LA-950V2 has substantially enhanced the homogenization and application of heterogenous soil samples, concluding with complete substitution for sieving and hydrometer procedures and tremendous reduction in time and overhead costs previously needed to conduct particle size analysis. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Waggoner, Tanner AU - Snyder, Michelle AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 149 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 46 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1668229606?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=The+homogenization+and+optimized+application+of+heterogenous+soil+samples+to+the+laser-scatter+particle+size+analyzer+%28Horiba+LA-950V2%29&rft.au=Waggoner%2C+Tanner%3BSnyder%2C+Michelle%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Waggoner&rft.aufirst=Tanner&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=149&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2014 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-02 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantitive model for beta -FeOOH nucleation and growth determined using small angle X-ray scattering AN - 1668228479; 2015-028003 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Legg, Benjamin A AU - Zhu, Mengqiang AU - Gilbert, Benjamin AU - Banfield, Jillian F AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 1396 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - processes KW - in situ KW - oxyhydroxides KW - crystal growth KW - variations KW - models KW - hydroxides KW - nucleation KW - quantitative analysis KW - precipitation KW - oxides KW - nanoparticles KW - pH KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1668228479?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Quantitive+model+for+beta+-FeOOH+nucleation+and+growth+determined+using+small+angle+X-ray+scattering&rft.au=Legg%2C+Benjamin+A%3BZhu%2C+Mengqiang%3BGilbert%2C+Benjamin%3BBanfield%2C+Jillian+F%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Legg&rft.aufirst=Benjamin&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1396&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2014/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/A-Z.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - crystal growth; hydroxides; in situ; models; nanoparticles; nucleation; oxides; oxyhydroxides; pH; precipitation; processes; quantitative analysis; variations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Separation of glass phases within trinitite using NF (sub 3) ; developing methodologies for source attribution AN - 1660629688; 2015-021397 AB - Trinitite is post-detonation material produced from the world's first nuclear bomb explosion on July 16, 1945 at White Sands Missile Range, New Mexico. The plutonium implosion device was detonated atop a 30 m steel tower over the sandy desert at ground zero. The heat from the explosion melted the arkosic sand along with bomb components and the infrastructure present at the site. When re-solidified, an extremely heterogeneous melt glass was produced that is silica-rich due to the melting of the predominant minerals of quartz and feldspars present within the desert sand. Trinitite glass also contains anthropogenic material, such as metals from the steel tower (Fe, Co, Cr), device components (U, Pb), and wiring (Cu) as well as remnants of the Pu fuel. This study focuses on the separation of solid components (i.e., glass, remnant minerals, and anthropogenic materials) of Trinitite using a nitrogen trifluoride (NF (sub 3) )-based thermal treatment. Prior to the latter, samples were characterized fully for their major and trace elemental abundances. Subsequent to the NF (sub 3) treatment, samples were imaged by scanning electron microscopy in order to document changes in grain size and morphology, and energy dispersive spectroscopy was performed to determine changes in major element abundances. Preliminary results demonstrate that mass loss occurs at different rates for each sample, but each sample experienced an expected large decrease in Si content (resulting from volatilization of SiF (sub 4) ). Within the residual material, the concentration of metals increases due to the background matrix (Si) being volatilized. Fluorinated samples will be further analyzed for trace element abundances and isotopic (U, Pu) compositions via solution mode ICP-MS, and these results will be compared to their pre-fluorinated counterparts. The ultimate goal of our investigation is to develop a relatively rapid method for the effective separation of bomb components from complex matrices resulting from a nuclear explosion. This methodology will result in enhanced source attribution capabilities and increased nuclear security at the global scale. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Koeman, Elizabeth C AU - McNamara, Bruce K AU - Smith, Frances N AU - Mana, Sara AU - Donohue, Patrick AU - Simonetti, Antonio AU - Burns, Peter C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 102 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 46 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1660629688?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Separation+of+glass+phases+within+trinitite+using+NF+%28sub+3%29+%3B+developing+methodologies+for+source+attribution&rft.au=Koeman%2C+Elizabeth+C%3BMcNamara%2C+Bruce+K%3BSmith%2C+Frances+N%3BMana%2C+Sara%3BDonohue%2C+Patrick%3BSimonetti%2C+Antonio%3BBurns%2C+Peter+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Koeman&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=102&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2014 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-05 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Succession of iron oxide microbial mats in acidic geothermal springs AN - 1656040224; 2015-017132 AB - Iron oxide microbial mats are ubiquitous in nature and are potentially important modern analogues of ancient microbial ecosystems. Amorphous iron oxyhydroxide microbial mats that form in acidic geothermal outflow channels of Yellowstone National Park (YNP) contain autotrophic and heterotrophic microbial populations from the domains Archaea and Bacteria. Although these iron oxide mat systems have been well characterized, mechanisms of their formation and growth are poorly understood. Therefore, the goal of this study was to determine the major biological and physicochemical factors contributing to the in situ development of iron oxide microbial mats in acidic hot springs of YNP. Iron oxide microbial mat development was studied by inserting glass microscope slides into high temperature (65-73 degrees C), acidic (pH = 3-3.5) hot spring outflow channels. Slides were removed at various time points to determine microbial community structure (16S rRNA gene) and microscopy (e.g., SEM) in combination with total iron oxide accretion measurements. Routine physicochemical parameters (e.g., flow) were also measured to determine their relative contribution to mat development. Autotrophic bacteria (i.e., Hydrogenobaculum) were first to colonize glass slides ( 4 days, coinciding with iron oxide accretion. Heterotrophic taxa colonized after approximately 3 weeks of mat growth, which likely corresponds with organic carbon from autotrophs. Iron oxide accretion rates were slower in summer versus winter months. This seasonal variability is likely attributed to cellular stress caused by UV irradiation and subsequent viral pressure observed in SEM during summer months. High velocity flow channels also exhibited a negative effect on iron oxide accretion rates. This study revealed that a combination of biological and hydrodynamic feedback mechanisms control the formation of iron oxide microbial mats in acidic hot springs. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Beam, Jacob P AU - Jay, Zackary J AU - Bernstein, Hans C AU - Jay, Steven C AU - Inskeep, William P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 3 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 46 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1656040224?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Succession+of+iron+oxide+microbial+mats+in+acidic+geothermal+springs&rft.au=Beam%2C+Jacob+P%3BJay%2C+Zackary+J%3BBernstein%2C+Hans+C%3BJay%2C+Steven+C%3BInskeep%2C+William+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Beam&rft.aufirst=Jacob&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, Rocky Mountain Section, 66th annual meeting; Geological Society of America, Cordilleran Section, 110th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-19 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of urban and biomass burning sources on aerosol and trace-gases; regional scale simulations combined with airborne remote sensing measurements during TCAP and their link to spaceborne observations AN - 1656036749; 2015-017003 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Segal-Rosenheimer, Michal AU - Yohei, Shinozuka AU - Fast, Jerome AU - Berg, Larry AU - Shilling, John AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 2244 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - in situ KW - biomass KW - pollution KW - effects KW - simulation KW - satellite methods KW - urban environment KW - measurement KW - gases KW - models KW - aerosols KW - nitrogen dioxide KW - remote sensing KW - airborne methods KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1656036749?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Effects+of+urban+and+biomass+burning+sources+on+aerosol+and+trace-gases%3B+regional+scale+simulations+combined+with+airborne+remote+sensing+measurements+during+TCAP+and+their+link+to+spaceborne+observations&rft.au=Segal-Rosenheimer%2C+Michal%3BYohei%2C+Shinozuka%3BFast%2C+Jerome%3BBerg%2C+Larry%3BShilling%2C+John%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Segal-Rosenheimer&rft.aufirst=Michal&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2244&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerosols; airborne methods; biomass; effects; gases; in situ; measurement; models; nitrogen dioxide; pollution; remote sensing; satellite methods; simulation; urban environment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The GEWaSC framework; multiscale modeling of coupled biogeochemical, microbiological, and hydrological processes AN - 1656035371; 2015-015265 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Steefel, C I AU - Brodie, E L AU - Bouskill, N AU - Molins, S AU - Arora, B AU - Yabusaki, S B AU - Karaoz, U AU - Spycher, N AU - Maxwell, R M AU - Trebotich, D AU - Navarre-Sitchler, A AU - Beisman, J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 2373 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - GEWaSC KW - watersheds KW - unsaturated zone KW - simulation KW - climate change KW - variations KW - ground water KW - Colorado River KW - saturated zone KW - hydrologic cycle KW - transport KW - Western U.S. KW - carbon KW - applications KW - processes KW - hydrology KW - biochemistry KW - geochemical cycle KW - aquifers KW - nutrients KW - models KW - Rifle flood plain KW - seasonal variations KW - carbon cycle KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1656035371?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=The+GEWaSC+framework%3B+multiscale+modeling+of+coupled+biogeochemical%2C+microbiological%2C+and+hydrological+processes&rft.au=Steefel%2C+C+I%3BBrodie%2C+E+L%3BBouskill%2C+N%3BMolins%2C+S%3BArora%2C+B%3BYabusaki%2C+S+B%3BKaraoz%2C+U%3BSpycher%2C+N%3BMaxwell%2C+R+M%3BTrebotich%2C+D%3BNavarre-Sitchler%2C+A%3BBeisman%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Steefel&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2373&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; aquifers; biochemistry; carbon; carbon cycle; climate change; Colorado River; geochemical cycle; GEWaSC; ground water; hydrologic cycle; hydrology; models; nutrients; processes; Rifle flood plain; saturated zone; seasonal variations; simulation; transport; United States; unsaturated zone; variations; watersheds; Western U.S. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of Cd (super 2+) surface complexes on kaolinite and gibbsite with experimental and theoretical XANES AN - 1656034455; 2015-015220 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Small, Molly A AU - Watts, Heath D AU - Govind, Niranjan AU - Kubicki, James D AU - O'Day, Peggy A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 2328 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - silicates KW - sorption KW - experimental studies KW - complexing KW - characterization KW - kaolinite KW - X-ray spectra KW - clay minerals KW - XANES spectra KW - models KW - theoretical studies KW - reactivity KW - metals KW - cadmium KW - oxides KW - sheet silicates KW - spectra KW - gibbsite KW - pH KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1656034455?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+Cd+%28super+2%2B%29+surface+complexes+on+kaolinite+and+gibbsite+with+experimental+and+theoretical+XANES&rft.au=Small%2C+Molly+A%3BWatts%2C+Heath+D%3BGovind%2C+Niranjan%3BKubicki%2C+James+D%3BO%27Day%2C+Peggy+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Small&rft.aufirst=Molly&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2328&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cadmium; characterization; clay minerals; complexing; experimental studies; gibbsite; kaolinite; metals; models; oxides; pH; reactivity; sheet silicates; silicates; sorption; spectra; theoretical studies; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterizing SOM leveraging extraction bias and controlling for distortion effects AN - 1629943471; 2014-093956 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Roscioli, K M AU - Shen, Y AU - Fillmore, T L AU - Tfaily, M M AU - Zhao, R AU - Tolic, N AU - Anderson, B J AU - Anderton, C R AU - Hess, N J AU - Pasa-Tolic, L AU - Robinson, E W AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 2114 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 24 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - soils KW - models KW - spatial distribution KW - controls KW - organic compounds KW - communities KW - carbon sequestration KW - transport KW - characterization KW - rhizosphere KW - effects KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1629943471?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Characterizing+SOM+leveraging+extraction+bias+and+controlling+for+distortion+effects&rft.au=Roscioli%2C+K+M%3BShen%2C+Y%3BFillmore%2C+T+L%3BTfaily%2C+M+M%3BZhao%2C+R%3BTolic%2C+N%3BAnderson%2C+B+J%3BAnderton%2C+C+R%3BHess%2C+N+J%3BPasa-Tolic%2C+L%3BRobinson%2C+E+W%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Roscioli&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2114&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2014 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon sequestration; characterization; communities; controls; effects; models; organic compounds; rhizosphere; soils; spatial distribution; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparative iron oxide nanoparticle cellular dosimetry and response in mice by the inhalation and liquid cell culture exposure routes AN - 1622605329; 20865534 AB - Background: Toxicity testing the rapidly growing number of nanomaterials requires large scale use of in vitro systems under the presumption that these systems are sufficiently predictive or descriptive of responses in in vivo systems for effective use in hazard ranking. We hypothesized that improved relationships between in vitro and in vivo models of experimental toxicology for nanomaterials would result from placing response data in vitro and in vivo on the same dose scale, the amount of material associated with cells. Methods: Balb/c mice were exposed nose-only to an aerosol (68.6 nm CMD, 19.9 mg/m super(3), 4 hours) generated from of 12.8 nm superparamagnetic iron oxide particles (SPIO). Target cell doses were calculated, histological evaluations conducted, and biomarkers of response were identified by global transcriptomics. Representative murine epithelial and macrophage cell types were exposed in vitro to the same material in liquid suspension for four hours and levels of nanoparticle regulated cytokine transcripts identified in vivo were quantified as a function of measured nanoparticle cellular dose. Results: Target tissue doses of 0.009-0.4 mu g SPIO/cm super(2) in lung led to an inflammatory response in the alveolar region characterized by interstitial inflammation and macrophage infiltration. In vitro, higher target tissue doses of ~1.2-4 mu g SPIO/ cm super(2) of cells were required to induce transcriptional regulation of markers of inflammation, CXCL2 & CCL3, in C10 lung epithelial cells. Estimated in vivo macrophage SPIO nanoparticle doses ranged from 1-100 pg/cell, and induction of inflammatory markers was observed in vitro in macrophages at doses of 8-35 pg/cell. Conclusions: Application of target tissue dosimetry revealed good correspondence between target cell doses triggering inflammatory processes in vitro and in vivo in the alveolar macrophage population, but not in the epithelial cells of the alveolar region. These findings demonstrate the potential for target tissue dosimetry to enable the more quantitative comparison of in vitro and in vivo systems and advance their use for hazard assessment and extrapolation to humans. The mildly inflammogentic cellular doses experienced by mice were similar to those calculated for humans exposed to the same material at the existing permissible exposure limit of 10 mg/m super(3) iron oxide (as Fe). JF - Particle and Fibre Toxicology AU - Teeguarden, Justin G AU - Mikheev, Vladimir B AU - Minard, Kevin R AU - Forsythe, William C AU - Wang, Wei AU - Sharma, Gaurav AU - Karin, Norman AU - Tilton, Susan C AU - Waters, Katrina M AU - Asgharian, Bahman AU - Price, Owen R AU - Pounds, Joel G AU - Thrall, Brian D AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland 99352, WA, USA Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 46 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Middlesex House London W1T 4LB United Kingdom VL - 11 IS - 1 SN - 1743-8977, 1743-8977 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Magnetic particle detection KW - Nano-aerosol KW - In vivo testing KW - Lung deposition KW - Nanoparticle KW - Dosimetry KW - Extrapolation KW - Macrophages KW - Inhalation KW - Epithelial cells KW - Aerosols KW - Data processing KW - iron oxides KW - Animal models KW - Transcription KW - Cell culture KW - biomarkers KW - Alveoli KW - Inflammation KW - Lung KW - Gene regulation KW - Cytokines KW - Toxicity testing KW - nanoparticles KW - nanotechnology KW - X 24360:Metals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1622605329?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Particle+and+Fibre+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Comparative+iron+oxide+nanoparticle+cellular+dosimetry+and+response+in+mice+by+the+inhalation+and+liquid+cell+culture+exposure+routes&rft.au=Teeguarden%2C+Justin+G%3BMikheev%2C+Vladimir+B%3BMinard%2C+Kevin+R%3BForsythe%2C+William+C%3BWang%2C+Wei%3BSharma%2C+Gaurav%3BKarin%2C+Norman%3BTilton%2C+Susan+C%3BWaters%2C+Katrina+M%3BAsgharian%2C+Bahman%3BPrice%2C+Owen+R%3BPounds%2C+Joel+G%3BThrall%2C+Brian+D&rft.aulast=Teeguarden&rft.aufirst=Justin&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=46&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Particle+and+Fibre+Toxicology&rft.issn=17438977&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2Fs12989-014-0046-4 L2 - http://www.particleandfibretoxicology.com/content/11/1/46 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 36 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Inhalation; Macrophages; Epithelial cells; Aerosols; Data processing; iron oxides; Dosimetry; Animal models; Transcription; Cell culture; biomarkers; Alveoli; Inflammation; Lung; Gene regulation; Cytokines; nanoparticles; Toxicity testing; nanotechnology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12989-014-0046-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Advanced Pellet Cladding Interaction Modeling Using the US DOE CASL Fuel Performance Code: Peregrine AN - 1567070222; 20432553 AB - The US DOE's Consortium for Advanced Simulation of LWRs (CASL) program has undertaken an effort to enhance and develop modeling and simulation tools for a virtual reactor application, including high fidelity neutronics, fluid flow/thermal hydraulics, and fuel and material behavior. The fuel performance analysis efforts aim to provide 3-dimensional capabilities for single and multiple rods to assess safety margins and the impact of plant operation and fuel rod design on the fuel thermo-mechanical-chemical behavior, including Pellet-Cladding Interaction (PCI) failures and CRUD-Induced Localized Corrosion (CILC) failures in PWRs. [1-3] JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Montgomery, Robert AU - Capps, Nathan AU - Sunderland, Dion AU - Liu, Wenfeng AU - Hales, Jason AU - Stanek, Chris AU - Wirth, Brian D AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352 robert.montgomery@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 755 EP - 756 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 110 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); Corrosion Abstracts (CO); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Computational fluid dynamics KW - Computer simulation KW - Safety margins KW - Fuels KW - Failure KW - Nuclear reactor components KW - Light water reactors KW - Fluid flow UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1567070222?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Advanced+Pellet+Cladding+Interaction+Modeling+Using+the+US+DOE+CASL+Fuel+Performance+Code%3A+Peregrine&rft.au=Montgomery%2C+Robert%3BCapps%2C+Nathan%3BSunderland%2C+Dion%3BLiu%2C+Wenfeng%3BHales%2C+Jason%3BStanek%2C+Chris%3BWirth%2C+Brian+D&rft.aulast=Montgomery&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=110&rft.issue=&rft.spage=755&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Passive Optical Impurity Monitoring of Dry Storage Containers for Spent Fuel AN - 1567062932; 20432380 AB - This paper proposes a technique for passively monitoring impurities in dry storage containers (DSCs) for spent nuclear fuel. This method is based on the measurement of optical emission induced by gamma rays coming from the bundled fuel elements. The principles of this method have been demonstrated in the field of nuclear pumped lasers. Low level optical emissions from gases being excited by ionizing radiation are at the center of this method, and a body of work is available in which low level optical emission has been used to identify specific lines from atoms or molecules present in gas mixtures [1-6]. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Meyer, Ryan M AU - Casella, Andrew M AU - Suter, Jonathan D AU - Qiao, Hong AU - Anheier, Norm C AU - Prelas, Mark A AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory: 902 Battelle Blvd., Richland, WA, 99354 Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 69 EP - 72 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 110 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Storage containers KW - Ionizing radiation KW - Impurities KW - Drying KW - Low level KW - Emission KW - Monitoring KW - Differential scanning calorimetry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1567062932?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Passive+Optical+Impurity+Monitoring+of+Dry+Storage+Containers+for+Spent+Fuel&rft.au=Meyer%2C+Ryan+M%3BCasella%2C+Andrew+M%3BSuter%2C+Jonathan+D%3BQiao%2C+Hong%3BAnheier%2C+Norm+C%3BPrelas%2C+Mark+A&rft.aulast=Meyer&rft.aufirst=Ryan&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=110&rft.issue=&rft.spage=69&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analytical Model Methodology Development and Demonstration of Approach on Used Fuel Performance Characterization for Condition of Normal Transportation AN - 1567059818; 20432640 AB - The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) commissioned a multi-laboratory team consisting of subject matter experts at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Idaho National Laboratory (INL), Sandia National Laboratories (SNL), and Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) as well as private sector firms (TTCI) to develop a methodology to examine the structural performance and potential for failure of used nuclear fuel (UNF) under conditions of normal transport (NCT) and to perform a demonstration of this methodology for a typical UNF transportation campaign. This team prepared a RD&D Plan that describes a methodology, including development and use of analytical models, to evaluate loading and associated mechanical responses of UNF rods and key structural components during NCT. This plan has now been fully executed. The demonstration of the methodology laid out in the RD&D Plan, is focused on structural performance evaluation of Westinghouse Electric 17x17 OFA pressurized water reactor fuel assemblies with a discharge bumup range of 30-58 GWd/MTU (assembly average), loaded in a representative high-capacity (> or =32 fuel rod assemblies) transportation package and transported on a 3000 mile rail journey. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Geelhood, Ken AU - Adkins, Harold AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory: 902 Battelle Blvd. P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352 kenneth.geelhood@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 1021 EP - 1024 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 110 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Transportation KW - Mathematical models KW - Energy (nuclear) KW - Fuels KW - Assemblies KW - Failure KW - Methodology KW - Mathematical analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1567059818?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Analytical+Model+Methodology+Development+and+Demonstration+of+Approach+on+Used+Fuel+Performance+Characterization+for+Condition+of+Normal+Transportation&rft.au=Geelhood%2C+Ken%3BAdkins%2C+Harold&rft.aulast=Geelhood&rft.aufirst=Ken&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=110&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1021&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermodynamic and kinetic properties of intrinsic defects and Mg transmutants in 3C-SiC determined by density functional theory AN - 1560102366; 20433003 AB - Density functional theory (DFT) is used to calculate the thermodynamic and kinetic properties of transmutant Mg in 3C-SIC due to high-energy neutron irradiation associated with the fusion nuclear environment. The formation and binding energies of intrinsic defects, Mg-related defects, and clusters in 3C-SiC are systematically calculated. The minimum energy paths and activation energies during point defect migration and small cluster evolution are studied using a generalized solid-state nudged elastic band (G-SSNEB) method with DFT energy calculations. Stable defect structures and possible defect migration mechanisms are identified. The evolution of binding energies during Mg sub(2)Si formation demonstrates that the formation of Mg sub(2)Si needs to overcome a critical nucleus size and nucleation barrier. It is found that C vacancies promote the formation of the Mg sub(2)Si nucleus, and formation of which results in a compressive stress field around the nucleus. These data are important inputs in meso- and macro-scale modeling and experiments to understand and predict the impact of Mg on phase stability, microstructure evolution, and performance of SiC and SiC-based materials during long-term neutron exposures. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Hu, Shenyang AU - Setyawan, Wahyu AU - Van Ginhoven, Renee M AU - Jiang, Weilin AU - Henager, Charles H, Jr AU - Kurtz, Richard J AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA USA, shenyang.hu@pnl.gov Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 121 EP - 128 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 448 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Thermodynamics KW - Energy KW - Kinetics KW - Irradiation KW - Radioactive materials KW - Stress KW - Migration KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1560102366?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Thermodynamic+and+kinetic+properties+of+intrinsic+defects+and+Mg+transmutants+in+3C-SiC+determined+by+density+functional+theory&rft.au=Hu%2C+Shenyang%3BSetyawan%2C+Wahyu%3BVan+Ginhoven%2C+Renee+M%3BJiang%2C+Weilin%3BHenager%2C+Charles+H%2C+Jr%3BKurtz%2C+Richard+J&rft.aulast=Hu&rft.aufirst=Shenyang&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=448&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=121&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2014.01.035 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 47 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Thermodynamics; Irradiation; Kinetics; Energy; Radioactive materials; Stress; Migration DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.01.035 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enhancement of total sugar and lignin yields through dissolution of poplar wood by hot water and dilute acid flowthrough pretreatment AN - 1534836179; 20047841 AB - Background: Pretreatment is a vital but expensive step in biomass biofuel production. Overall, most of this past effort has been directed at maximizing sugar yields from hemicellulose and cellulose through trials with different chemicals, operating conditions, and equipment configurations. Flowthrough pretreatment provides a promising platform to dissolution of lignocellulosic biomass to generate high yields of fermentable sugars and lignin for biofuels productions. Results: Dissolution of xylan, lignin, and cellulose from poplar wood were significantly enhanced by water-only and dilute acid (0.05% w/w, H sub(2)SO sub(4)) flowthrough pretreatment when the temperature was raised from 200 degree C to 280 degree C over a range of flow rates 10-62.5 mL/min, resulting in more than 98% solid removal. Up to 40% of original xylan was converted to xylose in the hydrolyzate and the rest xylan was solubilized into xylooligomers with negligible furfural formation. Up to 100% cellulose was removed into hydrolyzate with the highest glucose yield of 60% and low 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) formation. The maximal recovered insoluble lignin and soluble lignin were 98% and 15% of original lignin, respectively. In addition, enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated whole slurries was characterized under various enzyme loadings with or without Bovine serum albumin (BSA) treatment. More than 90% glucose yield and 95% xylose yield were obtained from enzymatic hydrolysis of dilute acid pretreated whole slurries with 10 mg protein Ctec 2 with 2 mg Htec2/g glucan + xylan. Conclusions: Nearly complete dissolution of whole biomass was realized through water-only and dilute acid flowthrough pretreatment under tested conditions. Temperature was considered as the most significant factor for cellulose degradation. The cellulose removal significantly increased as temperature reached 240 degree C for water-only and 220 degree C for dilute acid. Dilute acid pretreatment resulted in higher yields of recovered xylan and cellulose as monomeric sugars in the hydrolyzate than that for water-only pretreatment. Enzymes readily hydrolyzed the degraded cellulose and xylooligomers in pretreatment hydrolysate. Results suggested that kinetics controlled the flowthrough pretreatment of biomass dissolution, which was also affected by flow rate to certain extent. JF - Biotechnology for Biofuels AU - Yan, Lishi AU - Zhang, Libing AU - Yang, Bin AD - Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Bioproducts, Sciences and Engineering Laboratory, Washington State University, Richland, WA 99354, USA Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 76 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Floor 6 London WC1X 8HL United Kingdom VL - 7 IS - 1 SN - 1754-6834, 1754-6834 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Hot water KW - dilute acid KW - flowthrough pretreatment KW - Severity parameter KW - poplar wood KW - Enzymatic hydrolysis KW - Temperature effects KW - Sugar KW - Xylose KW - Cellulose KW - Glucose KW - Enzymes KW - Biomass KW - Hydrolysis KW - hemicellulose KW - Bovine serum albumin KW - Xylan KW - Slurries KW - Kinetics KW - Lignin KW - Dissolution KW - Biofuels KW - Hydrolysates KW - glucans KW - Furfural KW - W 30940:Products UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1534836179?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+for+Biofuels&rft.atitle=Enhancement+of+total+sugar+and+lignin+yields+through+dissolution+of+poplar+wood+by+hot+water+and+dilute+acid+flowthrough+pretreatment&rft.au=Yan%2C+Lishi%3BZhang%2C+Libing%3BYang%2C+Bin&rft.aulast=Yan&rft.aufirst=Lishi&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=76&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+for+Biofuels&rft.issn=17546834&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1754-6834-7-76 L2 - http://www.biotechnologyforbiofuels.com/content/7/1/76 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-06-01 N1 - Number of references - 55 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Sugar; Xylose; Cellulose; Glucose; Enzymes; Biomass; Hydrolysis; hemicellulose; Bovine serum albumin; Xylan; Kinetics; Slurries; Lignin; Dissolution; glucans; Hydrolysates; Biofuels; Furfural DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1754-6834-7-76 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Theoretical study of mixing energetics in homovalent fluorite-structured oxide solid solutions AN - 1534829325; 19900687 AB - Mixing energies ([Delta]H sub(mix)) for fluorite-structured (Zr sub(1-x)Ce sub( x))O sub(2) and (Th sub(1-x)Ce sub( x))O sub(2) solid solutions are computed from density functional theory (DFT), employing cluster-expansion (CE), special-quasirandom-structure (SQS), and continuum-elasticity approaches. These systems are of interest as models for actinide-dioxide mixtures, due to the availability of calorimetric data which allows a direct assessment of the accuracy of the different computational methods for calculating [Delta]H sub(mix) in such fluorite-structured solid solutions. The DFT-based SQS and CE results for solid solutions with random configurational disorder are in very good agreement, and are used along with the calorimetry data to test the accuracy of a linear-elasticity model which allows predictions of the [Delta]H sub(mix) under the assumption that the dominant contribution in these homovalent solid solutions arises from elastic strain energy. The linear-elasticity models describe the mixing energies to within an accuracy of approximately 2 and 0.1 kJ/mol for the Zr and Th based systems, respectively. The excellent accuracy for the ThO sub(2)-based system is interpreted to result from the smaller size mismatch, and corresponding high accuracy of the linear elasticity approximation. We thus apply elasticity theory to estimate the magnitudes of [Delta]H sub( mix) for (Th sub(1-x)M sub(x ))O sub(2) and (U sub(1-x) M sub(x))O sub(2) actinide-dioxide solid solutions, with M = U, Th, Ce, Np, Pu and Am, for which the degree of size mismatch is comparable to that in (Th sub(1-x)Ce sub(x))O sub(2); the results yield elastic contributions to [Delta]H sub(mix) with a maximum magnitude of 3 kJ/mol. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Alexandrov, Vitaly AU - Gronbech-Jensen, Niels AU - Navrotsky, Alexandra AU - Asta, Mark AD - Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA, vitali.alexandrov@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 292 EP - 297 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 444 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Prediction KW - Energy KW - Radioactive materials KW - Calorimetry KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1534829325?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Theoretical+study+of+mixing+energetics+in+homovalent+fluorite-structured+oxide+solid+solutions&rft.au=Alexandrov%2C+Vitaly%3BGronbech-Jensen%2C+Niels%3BNavrotsky%2C+Alexandra%3BAsta%2C+Mark&rft.aulast=Alexandrov&rft.aufirst=Vitaly&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=444&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=292&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2013.10.001 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-06-01 N1 - Number of references - 41 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Prediction; Energy; Radioactive materials; Calorimetry DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2013.10.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sorption-enhanced synthetic natural gas (SNG) production from syngas: A novel process combining CO methanation, water-gas shift, and CO sub(2) capture AN - 1534825009; 19862633 AB - Synthetic natural gas (SNG) production from syngas is under investigation again due to the desire for less dependency from imports and the opportunity for increasing coal utilization and reducing greenhouse gas emission. CO methanation is highly exothermic and substantial heat is liberated which can lead to process thermal imbalance and deactivation of the catalyst. In this study, the effectiveness of a novel integrated process for the SNG production from syngas at high temperature was investigated. This integrated process consists of combining a CO methanation nickel-based catalyst with a high temperature CO2 capture sorbent in a single reactor. By contrast, without the use of sorbent, equilibrium yield to methane is only 22%. Cyclic stability of the rnethanation catalyst and durability of the sorbent were also studied in the multiple carbonation-decarbonation cycle studies proving the potential of this integrated process in a practical application. JF - Applied Catalysis B: Environmental AU - Lebarbier, Vanessa M AU - Dagle, Robert A AU - Kovarik, Libor AU - Albrecht, Karl O AU - Li, Xiaohong AU - Li, Liyu AU - Taylor, Charles E AU - Bao, Xinhe AU - Wang, Yong AD - Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, United States, yongwang@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2014/01// PY - 2014 DA - Jan 2014 SP - 223 EP - 232 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 144 SN - 0926-3373, 0926-3373 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Methanation KW - CO2 sorption KW - Sorption enhanced reaction KW - Methanation catalyst KW - CO2 sorbent KW - Methane KW - Sorbents KW - High temperature KW - Emissions KW - Imports KW - Catalysts KW - Coal KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Natural gas KW - Catalysis KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1534825009?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Catalysis+B%3A+Environmental&rft.atitle=Sorption-enhanced+synthetic+natural+gas+%28SNG%29+production+from+syngas%3A+A+novel+process+combining+CO+methanation%2C+water-gas+shift%2C+and+CO+sub%282%29+capture&rft.au=Lebarbier%2C+Vanessa+M%3BDagle%2C+Robert+A%3BKovarik%2C+Libor%3BAlbrecht%2C+Karl+O%3BLi%2C+Xiaohong%3BLi%2C+Liyu%3BTaylor%2C+Charles+E%3BBao%2C+Xinhe%3BWang%2C+Yong&rft.aulast=Lebarbier&rft.aufirst=Vanessa&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=144&rft.issue=&rft.spage=223&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Catalysis+B%3A+Environmental&rft.issn=09263373&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.apcatb.2013.06.034 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-06-01 N1 - Number of references - 32 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Methane; Sorbents; High temperature; Imports; Emissions; Coal; Catalysts; Greenhouse gases; Carbon dioxide; Natural gas; Catalysis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2013.06.034 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of hydroelectric dam operations on the freshwater productivity of a Columbia River fall Chinook salmon population AN - 1512338408; 19520064 AB - Altering the timing and magnitude of discharge fluctuations can minimize the adverse effects of operating hydroelectric dams on the productivity of downstream salmon populations. Hydroelectric operations at Priest Rapids Dam during the mid-1970s resulted in dewatering of fall Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) redds, causing mortality of intragravel life stages. Since then, a series of operational constraints have been implemented at Priest Rapids Dam to reduce the effects of discharge fluctuations on the population of fall Chinook salmon that spawns and rears downstream from the dam. Initial protections that focused on preventing redd dewatering were subsequently increased to include postemergence life stages. We used stock-recruit analyses to identify changes to the population's freshwater productivity that occurred over a 30-year period and coincided with changes to dam operations. We observed a 217% increase in productivity that corresponded with constraints enacted to prevent redd dewatering and an additional 130% increase that coincided with enactment of constraints to limit stranding and entrapment of juveniles. The information gained from this study may be used to guide efforts elsewhere to mitigate the effects of hydroelectric dam operations on downstream fish populations.Original Abstract: La modification du moment et de la magnitude des fluctuations des debits peut minimiser les effets nefastes de l'exploitation de barrages hydroelectriques sur la productivite de populations de saumons en aval. Les activites hydroelectriques au barrage de Priest Rapids, au milieu des annees 1970, ont entraine l'assechement des nids de frai automnaux de saumon quinnat (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), causant une mortalite parmi les stades de vie intragravier. Depuis, un ensemble de contraintes operationnelles a ete mis en oeuvre au barrage de Priest Rapids dans le but de reduire les effets de la fluctuation des debits sur la population automnale de saumons quinnat qui fraie et grandit en aval du barrage. Les premieres mesures de protection, axees sur la prevention de l'assechement des nids de frai, ont ete elargies pour inclure la protection des stades de vie post-emergence. Nous avons utilise des analyses stock-recrutement pour cerner les changements a la productivite en eau douce de la population qui ont eu lieu sur une periode de 30 ans et qui ont coincide avec les modifications des activites d'exploitation du barrage. Nous avons observe une augmentation de 217 % de la productivite correspondant aux contraintes mises en place pour prevenir l'assechement des nids et une augmentation supplementaire de 130 % coincidant avec la mise en oeuvre des contraintes visant a limiter l'echouage et le piegeage des juveniles. L'information obtenue dans le cadre de l'etude pourrait servir a orienter les efforts visant a attenuer les effets de l'exploitation d'autres barrages hydroelectriques sur les populations de poissons en aval. JF - Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences/Journal Canadien des Sciences Halieutiques et Aquatiques AU - Harnish, Ryan A AU - Sharma, Rishi AU - McMichael, Geoffrey A AU - Langshaw, Russell B AU - Pearsons, Todd N AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, P.O. Box 999, MSIN K6-85, Richland, WA 99352 USA, Ryan.Harnish@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2014///0, PY - 2014 DA - 0, 2014 SP - 602 EP - 615 VL - 71 IS - 4 SN - 0706-652X, 0706-652X KW - Chinook salmon KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Redds KW - Biological production KW - Ecosystems KW - Stock assessment KW - Recruitment KW - Dewatering KW - Environmental impact KW - Incubation KW - Food availability KW - Freshwater KW - Oncorhynchus tshawytscha KW - Ecosystem disturbance KW - USA, Washington, Columbia R. KW - Dams KW - Hydroelectric power plants KW - Mortality causes KW - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1512338408?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Journal+of+Fisheries+and+Aquatic+Sciences%2FJournal+Canadien+des+Sciences+Halieutiques+et+Aquatiques&rft.atitle=Effect+of+hydroelectric+dam+operations+on+the+freshwater+productivity+of+a+Columbia+River+fall+Chinook+salmon+population&rft.au=Harnish%2C+Ryan+A%3BSharma%2C+Rishi%3BMcMichael%2C+Geoffrey+A%3BLangshaw%2C+Russell+B%3BPearsons%2C+Todd+N&rft.aulast=Harnish&rft.aufirst=Ryan&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=71&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=602&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Canadian+Journal+of+Fisheries+and+Aquatic+Sciences%2FJournal+Canadien+des+Sciences+Halieutiques+et+Aquatiques&rft.issn=0706652X&rft_id=info:doi/dx.doi.org%2F10.1139%2Fcjfas-2013-0276 L2 - http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/pdfplus/10.1139/cjfas-2013-0276 http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/journal/cjfas LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-04-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Physical medium: Printed matter, Internet; Journal webpage N1 - Last updated - 2017-03-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Redds; Biological production; Ecosystems; Recruitment; Stock assessment; Environmental impact; Dewatering; Incubation; Food availability; Ecosystem disturbance; Dams; Hydroelectric power plants; Mortality causes; Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; USA, Washington, Columbia R.; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2013-0276 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Automated measurement of heterogeneity in CT images of healthy and diseased rat lungs using variogram analysis of an octree decomposition AN - 1505346468; 19318474 AB - Background: Assessing heterogeneity in lung images can be an important diagnosis tool. We present a novel and objective method for assessing lung damage in a rat model of emphysema. We combined a three-dimensional (3D) computer graphics method-octree decomposition-with a geostatistics-based approach for assessing spatial relationships-the variogram-to evaluate disease in 3D computed tomography (CT) image volumes. Methods: Male, Sprague-Dawley rats were dosed intratracheally with saline (control), or with elastase dissolved in saline to either the whole lung (for mild, global disease) or a single lobe (for severe, local disease). Gated 3D micro-CT images were acquired on the lungs of all rats at end expiration. Images were masked, and octree decomposition was performed on the images to reduce the lungs to homogeneous blocks of 2 2 2, 4 4 4, and 8 8 8 voxels. To focus on lung parenchyma, small blocks were ignored because they primarily defined boundaries and vascular features, and the spatial variance between all pairs of the 8 8 8 blocks was calculated as the square of the difference of signal intensity. Variograms-graphs of distance vs. variance-were constructed, and results of a least-squares-fit were compared. The robustness of the approach was tested on images prepared with various filtering protocols. Statistical assessment of the similarity of the three control rats was made with a Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test. A Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon rank sum test was used to measure statistical distinction between individuals. For comparison with the variogram results, the coefficient of variation and the emphysema index were also calculated for all rats. Results: Variogram analysis showed that the control rats were statistically indistinct (p = 0.12), but there were significant differences between control, mild global disease, and severe local disease groups (p < 0.0001). A heterogeneity index was calculated to describe the difference of an individual variogram from the control average. This metric also showed clear separation between dose groups. The coefficient of variation and the emphysema index, on the other hand, did not separate groups. Conclusion: These results suggest the octree decomposition and variogram analysis approach may be a rapid, non-subjective, and sensitive imaging-based biomarker for characterizing lung disease. JF - BMC Medical Imaging AU - Jacob, Richard E AU - Carson, James P AD - Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd., Richland, WA 99352, USA Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 DA - 2014 SP - 1 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Middlesex House London W1T 4LB United Kingdom VL - 14 IS - 1 SN - 1471-2342, 1471-2342 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Animal models KW - Computed tomography KW - W 30910:Imaging UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1505346468?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BMC+Medical+Imaging&rft.atitle=Automated+measurement+of+heterogeneity+in+CT+images+of+healthy+and+diseased+rat+lungs+using+variogram+analysis+of+an+octree+decomposition&rft.au=Jacob%2C+Richard+E%3BCarson%2C+James+P&rft.aulast=Jacob&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BMC+Medical+Imaging&rft.issn=14712342&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1471-2342-14-1 L2 - http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2342/14/1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-03-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Computed tomography DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2342-14-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Electrochemically stable cathode current collectors for rechargeable magnesium batteries AN - 1500758265; 19155023 AB - Rechargeable magnesium (Mg) batteries are attractive energy storage systems that could yield cost-effective energy solutions. Currently, however, no practical cathode current collector that can withstand more than 2.0 V in Mg super(2+) electrolytes has been identified; this greatly hinders cathode research. Here we identified that molybdenum (Mo) and tungsten (W) are electrochemically stable (>2.8 V) through formation of passive surface layers. The presented results could have a significant impact on the development of high voltage Mg batteries. JF - Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for energy and sustainability AU - Cheng, Yingwen AU - Liu, Tianbiao AU - Shao, Yuyan AU - Engelhard, Mark H AU - Liu, Jun AU - Li, Guosheng AD - Energy Processes & Materials Division; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Richland; WA; 99354; USA; , guosheng.li@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2014/01// PY - 2014 DA - Jan 2014 SP - 2473 EP - 2477 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry VL - 2 IS - 8 SN - 2050-7488, 2050-7488 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Storage KW - Electrolytes KW - Batteries KW - Energy KW - Economics KW - Molybdenum KW - Magnesium KW - Sustainability KW - Tungsten KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1500758265?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.atitle=Electrochemically+stable+cathode+current+collectors+for+rechargeable+magnesium+batteries&rft.au=Cheng%2C+Yingwen%3BLiu%2C+Tianbiao%3BShao%2C+Yuyan%3BEngelhard%2C+Mark+H%3BLiu%2C+Jun%3BLi%2C+Guosheng&rft.aulast=Cheng&rft.aufirst=Yingwen&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=2473&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.issn=20507488&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc3ta15113a LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 32 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Storage; Electrolytes; Batteries; Energy; Molybdenum; Economics; Magnesium; Sustainability; Tungsten DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3ta15113a ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mixed salts of LiTFSI and LiBOB for stable LiFePO sub(4)-based batteries at elevated temperatures AN - 1500757377; 19052981 AB - To achieve excellent long-term cycling stability of LiFePO sub(4)-based batteries at elevated temperatures, mixed salts of LiTFSI and LiBOB are used to replace the LiPF sub(6) salt in non-aqueous electrolytes. It is found that adding LiBOB into LiTFSI-based electrolytes effectively prevents severe corrosion to the Al current collector that is often observed in LiTFSI-based electrolytes which have high thermal stability. The LiFePO sub(4) cells using LiTFSI-LiBOB-based electrolytes demonstrate superior high temperature (60 degree C) stability and similar room temperature performance (i.e., cycling stability and rate capability) when compared to the cells using the LiPF sub(6)-based electrolyte. JF - Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for energy and sustainability AU - Chen, Xilin AU - Xu, Wu AU - Engelhard, Mark H AU - Zheng, Jianming AU - Zhang, Yaohui AU - Ding, Fei AU - Qian, Jiangfeng AU - Zhang, Ji-Guang AD - Energy and Environment Directorate; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Richland; WA; 99354; USA; +1-509-375-6934; , wu.xu@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2014/01// PY - 2014 DA - Jan 2014 SP - 2346 EP - 2352 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry VL - 2 IS - 7 SN - 2050-7488, 2050-7488 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Salts KW - Electrolytes KW - Batteries KW - High temperature KW - Energy KW - Temperature KW - Corrosion KW - Sustainability KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1500757377?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.atitle=Mixed+salts+of+LiTFSI+and+LiBOB+for+stable+LiFePO+sub%284%29-based+batteries+at+elevated+temperatures&rft.au=Chen%2C+Xilin%3BXu%2C+Wu%3BEngelhard%2C+Mark+H%3BZheng%2C+Jianming%3BZhang%2C+Yaohui%3BDing%2C+Fei%3BQian%2C+Jiangfeng%3BZhang%2C+Ji-Guang&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Xilin&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=2346&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.issn=20507488&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc3ta13043f LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Salts; Electrolytes; Batteries; Energy; High temperature; Corrosion; Temperature; Sustainability DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3ta13043f ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Disturbance legacies and climate jointly drive tree growth and mortality in an intensively studied boreal forest AN - 1492618012; 18888706 AB - Most North American forests are at some stage of post-disturbance regrowth, subject to a changing climate, and exhibit growth and mortality patterns that may not be closely coupled to annual environmental conditions. Distinguishing the possibly interacting effects of these processes is necessary to put short-term studies in a longer term context, and particularly important for the carbon-dense, fire-prone boreal forest. The goals of this study were to combine dendrochronological sampling, inventory records, and machine-learning algorithms to understand how tree growth and death have changed at one highly studied site (Northern Old Black Spruce, NOBS) in the central Canadian boreal forest. Over the 1999-2012 inventory period, mean tree diameter increased even as stand density and basal area declined significantly. Tree mortality averaged 1.4 plus or minus 0.6% yr super(-1), with most mortality occurring in medium-sized trees; new recruitment was minimal. There have been at least two, and probably three, significant influxes of new trees since stand initiation, but none in recent decades. A combined tree ring chronology constructed from sampling in 2001, 2004, and 2012 showed several periods of extreme growth depression, with increased mortality lagging depressed growth by ~5 years. Higher minimum and maximum air temperatures exerted a negative influence on tree growth, while precipitation and climate moisture index had a positive effect; both current- and previous-year data exerted significant effects. Models based on these variables explained 23-44% of the ring-width variability. We suggest that past climate extremes led to significant mortality still visible in the current forest structure, with decadal dynamics superimposed on slower patterns of fire and succession. These results have significant implications for our understanding of previous work at NOBS, the carbon sequestration capability of old-growth stands in a disturbance-prone landscape, and the sustainable management of regional forests in a changing climate. JF - Global Change Biology AU - Bond-Lamberty, Ben AU - Rocha, Adrian V AU - Calvin, Katherine AU - Holmes, Bruce AU - Wang, Chuankuan AU - Goulden, Michael L AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Joint Global Change Research Institute at the University of Maryland-College Park, 5825 University Research Court, College Park, MD, 20740, USA. Y1 - 2014/01// PY - 2014 DA - January 2014 SP - 216 EP - 227 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 20 IS - 1 SN - 1354-1013, 1354-1013 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - boreal forest KW - carbon cycling KW - climate change KW - dendrology KW - disturbance KW - forest mortality KW - machine learning KW - Trees KW - Rainfall KW - Stand structure KW - Algorithms KW - Forests KW - Succession KW - Air temperature KW - Carbon sequestration KW - Growth KW - Carbon KW - Regrowth KW - Sampling KW - Growth rate KW - Fires KW - Inventories KW - Mortality KW - Data processing KW - Recruitment KW - Climate KW - Landscape KW - Precipitation KW - Mortality patterns KW - Disturbance KW - Environmental conditions KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - H 0500:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1492618012?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+Change+Biology&rft.atitle=Disturbance+legacies+and+climate+jointly+drive+tree+growth+and+mortality+in+an+intensively+studied+boreal+forest&rft.au=Bond-Lamberty%2C+Ben%3BRocha%2C+Adrian+V%3BCalvin%2C+Katherine%3BHolmes%2C+Bruce%3BWang%2C+Chuankuan%3BGoulden%2C+Michael+L&rft.aulast=Bond-Lamberty&rft.aufirst=Ben&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=216&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+Change+Biology&rft.issn=13541013&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fgcb.12404 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Growth rate; Mortality; Inventories; Fires; Data processing; Landscape; Climate; Recruitment; Algorithms; Forests; Precipitation; Succession; Air temperature; Carbon; Sampling; Environmental conditions; Trees; Rainfall; Stand structure; Mortality patterns; Carbon sequestration; Growth; Regrowth; Disturbance DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12404 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic model for Fentanyl in support of the development of Provisional Advisory Levels. AN - 1466375032; 23732079 AB - Provisional Advisory Levels (PALs) are tiered exposure limits for toxic chemicals in air and drinking water that are developed to assist in emergency responses. Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling can support this process by enabling extrapolations across doses, and exposure routes, thereby addressing gaps in the available toxicity data. Here, we describe the development of a PBPK model for Fentanyl - a synthetic opioid used clinically for pain management - to support the establishment of PALs. Starting from an existing model for intravenous Fentanyl, we first optimized distribution and clearance parameters using several additional IV datasets. We then calibrated the model using pharmacokinetic data for various formulations, and determined the absorbed fraction, F, and time taken for the absorbed amount to reach 90% of its final value, t90. For aerosolized pulmonary Fentanyl, F=1 and t90<1 min indicating complete and rapid absorption. The F value ranged from 0.35 to 0.74 for oral and various transmucosal routes. Oral Fentanyl was absorbed the slowest (t90~300 min); the absorption of intranasal Fentanyl was relatively rapid (t90~20-40 min); and the various oral transmucosal routes had intermediate absorption rates (t90~160-300 min). Based on these results, for inhalation exposures, we assumed that all of the Fentanyl inhaled from the air during each breath directly, and instantaneously enters the arterial circulation. We present model predictions of Fentanyl blood concentrations in oral and inhalation scenarios relevant for PAL development, and provide an analytical expression that can be used to extrapolate between oral and inhalation routes for the derivation of PALs. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Shankaran, Harish AU - Adeshina, Femi AU - Teeguarden, Justin G AD - Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA. Electronic address: harish.shankaran@pnnl.gov. Y1 - 2013/12/15/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Dec 15 SP - 464 EP - 476 VL - 273 IS - 3 KW - Drinking Water KW - 0 KW - Fentanyl KW - UF599785JZ KW - Index Medicus KW - Risk assessment KW - Inhalation KW - Anesthetic KW - Route-to-route extrapolation KW - Oral transmucosal KW - Computational modeling KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Administration, Oral KW - Young Adult KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Drinking Water -- chemistry KW - Aged KW - Monte Carlo Method KW - Models, Biological KW - Drug Administration Routes KW - Risk Assessment KW - Aged, 80 and over KW - Inhalation Exposure KW - Administration, Intranasal KW - Adult KW - Absorption KW - Databases, Factual KW - Middle Aged KW - Administration, Inhalation KW - Adolescent KW - Male KW - Female KW - Fentanyl -- pharmacokinetics KW - Fentanyl -- administration & dosage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1466375032?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Physiologically-based+pharmacokinetic+model+for+Fentanyl+in+support+of+the+development+of+Provisional+Advisory+Levels.&rft.au=Shankaran%2C+Harish%3BAdeshina%2C+Femi%3BTeeguarden%2C+Justin+G&rft.aulast=Shankaran&rft.aufirst=Harish&rft.date=2013-12-15&rft.volume=273&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=464&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=1096-0333&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.taap.2013.05.024 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2014-02-10 N1 - Date created - 2013-12-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2013.05.024 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Model reduction of a coupled numerical model using proper orthogonal decomposition AN - 1560082378; 2014-067721 AB - Numerical models for variable-density flow and solute transport (VDFST) are widely used to simulate seawater intrusion and related problems. The mathematical model for VDFST is a coupled nonlinear dynamical system, so the numerical discretizations in time and space are usually required to be as fine as possible. As a result, fine-scale transient models require large computational time, which is a disadvantage for state estimation, forward prediction or model inversion. The purpose of this research is to develop mathematical and numerical methods to simulate VDFST via a model order reduction technique called Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) designed for nonlinear dynamical systems. POD was applied to extract leading "model features" (basis functions) through singular value decomposition (SVD) from observational data or simulations (snapshots) of high-dimensional systems. These basis functions were then used in the Galerkin projection procedure that yielded low-dimensional (reduced-order) models. The original full numerical models were also discretized by the Galerkin Finite-Element Method (GFEM). The implementation of the POD reduced-order method was straightforward when applied to the full order model to the complex model. The developed GFEM-POD model was applied to solve two classic VDFST cases, the Henry problem and the Elder problem, in order to investigate the accuracy and efficiency of the POD model reduction method. Once the snapshots from full model results are obtained, the reduced-order model can reproduce the full model results with acceptable accuracy but with less computational cost in comparison with the full model, which is useful for model calibration and data assimilation problems. We found that the accuracy and efficiency of the POD reduced-order model is mainly determined by the optimal selection of snapshots and POD bases. Validation and verification experiments confirmed our POD model reduction procedure. Abstract Copyright (2013) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Journal of Hydrology AU - Li, Xinya AU - Chen, Xiao AU - Hu, Bill X AU - Navon, I Michael Y1 - 2013/12/12/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Dec 12 SP - 227 EP - 240 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 507 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - solute transport KW - Galerkin method KW - experimental studies KW - salt-water intrusion KW - numerical models KW - density KW - variable density flow and solute transport KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - finite element analysis KW - transport KW - mathematical methods KW - proper orthogonal decomposition KW - accuracy KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1560082378?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Model+reduction+of+a+coupled+numerical+model+using+proper+orthogonal+decomposition&rft.au=Li%2C+Xinya%3BChen%2C+Xiao%3BHu%2C+Bill+X%3BNavon%2C+I+Michael&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Xinya&rft.date=2013-12-12&rft.volume=507&rft.issue=&rft.spage=227&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jhydrol.2013.09.011 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00221694 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 55 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-13 N1 - CODEN - JHYDA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; density; experimental studies; finite element analysis; Galerkin method; ground water; mathematical methods; numerical models; proper orthogonal decomposition; salt-water intrusion; simulation; solute transport; transport; variable density flow and solute transport DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.09.011 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inverse modeling of hydrologic parameters using surface flux and runoff observations in the Community Land Model AN - 1492624648; 18989621 AB - This study demonstrates the possibility of inverting hydrologic parameters using surface flux and runoff observations in version 4 of the Community Land Model (CLM4). Previous studies showed that surface flux and runoff calculations are sensitive to major hydrologic parameters in CLM4 over different watersheds, and illustrated the necessity and possibility of parameter calibration. Both deterministic least-square fitting and stochastic Markov-chain Monte Carlo (MCMC)-Bayesian inversion approaches are evaluated by applying them to CLM4 at selected sites with different climate and soil conditions. The unknowns to be estimated include surface and subsurface runoff generation parameters and vadose zone soil water parameters. We find that using model parameters calibrated by the sampling-based stochastic inversion approaches provides significant improvements in the model simulations compared to using default CLM4 parameter values, and that as more information comes in, the predictive intervals (ranges of posterior distributions) of the calibrated parameters become narrower. In general, parameters that are identified to be significant through sensitivity analyses and statistical tests are better calibrated than those with weak or nonlinear impacts on flux or runoff observations. Temporal resolution of observations has larger impacts on the results of inverse modeling using heat flux data than runoff data. Soil and vegetation cover have important impacts on parameter sensitivities, leading to different patterns of posterior distributions of parameters at different sites. Overall, the MCMC-Bayesian inversion approach effectively and reliably improves the simulation of CLM under different climates and environmental conditions. Bayesian model averaging of the posterior estimates with different reference acceptance probabilities can smooth the posterior distribution and provide more reliable parameter estimates, but at the expense of wider uncertainty bounds. JF - Hydrology and Earth System Sciences AU - Sun, Y AU - Hou, Z AU - Huang, M AU - Tian, F AU - Leung, LRuby AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA Y1 - 2013/12/10/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Dec 10 SP - 4995 EP - 5011 PB - European Geosciences Union, c/o E.O.S.T. Strasbourg Cedex 67084 France VL - 17 IS - 12 SN - 1027-5606, 1027-5606 KW - Environment Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Monte Carlo simulation KW - Prediction KW - Ecological distribution KW - Climate change KW - Watersheds KW - Distribution Patterns KW - Soil KW - Vegetation cover KW - Hydrologic Models KW - Calibrations KW - Hydrology KW - Modelling KW - Sensitivity KW - Climates KW - Vegetation KW - Simulation KW - Identification KW - Inversions KW - Sensitivity analysis KW - Heat KW - Inversion KW - Environmental conditions KW - Fluctuations KW - Runoff KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - Q2 09146:TSD distribution, water masses and circulation KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality KW - ENA 15:Renewable Resources-Terrestrial UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1492624648?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hydrology+and+Earth+System+Sciences&rft.atitle=Inverse+modeling+of+hydrologic+parameters+using+surface+flux+and+runoff+observations+in+the+Community+Land+Model&rft.au=Sun%2C+Y%3BHou%2C+Z%3BHuang%2C+M%3BTian%2C+F%3BLeung%2C+LRuby&rft.aulast=Sun&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2013-12-10&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=4995&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hydrology+and+Earth+System+Sciences&rft.issn=10275606&rft_id=info:doi/10.5194%2Fhess-17-4995-2013 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Prediction; Ecological distribution; Climate change; Simulation; Watersheds; Identification; Inversions; Runoff; Modelling; Monte Carlo simulation; Soil; Vegetation cover; Sensitivity; Sensitivity analysis; Inversion; Hydrology; Environmental conditions; Distribution Patterns; Hydrologic Models; Calibrations; Heat; Climates; Vegetation; Fluctuations DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-4995-2013 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 2D and 3D imaging resolution trade-offs in quantifying pore throats for prediction of permeability AN - 1773800142; 2016-023895 AB - Although the impact of subsurface geochemical reactions on porosity is relatively well understood, changes in permeability remain difficult to estimate. In this work, pore-network modeling was used to predict permeability based on pore- and pore-throat size distributions determined from analysis of 2D scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of thin sections and 3D X-ray computed microtomography (CMT) data. The analyzed specimens were a Viking sandstone sample from the Alberta sedimentary basin and an experimental column of reacted Hanford sediments. For the column, a decrease in permeability due to mineral precipitation was estimated, but the permeability estimates were dependent on imaging technique and resolution. X-ray CT imaging has the advantage of reconstructing a 3D pore network while 2D SEM imaging can easily analyze sub-grain and intragranular variations in mineralogy. Pore network models informed by analyses of 2D and 3D images at comparable resolutions produced permeability estimates with relatively good agreement. Large discrepancies in predicted permeabilities resulted from small variations in image resolution. Images with resolutions 0.4 to 4mu m predicted permeabilities differing by orders of magnitude. While lower-resolution scans can analyze larger specimens, small pore throats may be missed due to resolution limitations, which in turn overestimates permeability in a pore-network model in which pore-to-pore conductances are statistically assigned. Conversely, high-resolution scans are capable of capturing small pore throats, but if they are not actually flow-conducting predicted permeabilities will be below expected values. In addition, permeability is underestimated due to misinterpreting surface-roughness features as small pore throats. Comparison of permeability predictions with expected and measured permeability values showed that the largest discrepancies resulted from the highest resolution images and the best predictions of permeability will result from images between 2 and 4mu m resolution. To reduce permeability underestimation from analyses of high-resolution images, a resolution threshold between 3 and 15mu m was found to be effective, but it is not known whether this range is applicable beyond the samples studied here. Abstract Copyright (2013) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Advances in Water Resources AU - Beckingham, L E AU - Peters, C A AU - Um, W AU - Jones, K W AU - Lindquist, W B Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - 1 EP - 12 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 62 IS - Part A SN - 0309-1708, 0309-1708 KW - United States KW - imagery KW - site exploration KW - sandstone KW - gas storage KW - Alberta KW - reservoir rocks KW - sedimentary rocks KW - Washington KW - carbon sequestration KW - prediction KW - Hanford Site KW - electron microscopy data KW - porosity KW - models KW - X-ray data KW - Canada KW - precipitation KW - diagenesis KW - Alberta Basin KW - Western Canada KW - clastic rocks KW - SEM data KW - permeability KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1773800142?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.atitle=2D+and+3D+imaging+resolution+trade-offs+in+quantifying+pore+throats+for+prediction+of+permeability&rft.au=Beckingham%2C+L+E%3BPeters%2C+C+A%3BUm%2C+W%3BJones%2C+K+W%3BLindquist%2C+W+B&rft.aulast=Beckingham&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=Part+A&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.issn=03091708&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.advwatres.2013.08.010 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03091708 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 59 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alberta; Alberta Basin; Canada; carbon sequestration; clastic rocks; diagenesis; electron microscopy data; gas storage; Hanford Site; imagery; models; permeability; porosity; precipitation; prediction; reservoir rocks; sandstone; sedimentary rocks; SEM data; site exploration; United States; Washington; Western Canada; X-ray data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2013.08.010 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Optimizing detection of noble gas emission at a former UNE site; sample strategy, collection, and analysis AN - 1707526281; 2015-080620 AB - Underground nuclear tests may be first detected by seismic or air samplers operated by the CTBTO (Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization). After initial detection of a suspicious event, member nations may call for an On-Site Inspection (OSI) that in part, will sample for localized releases of radioactive noble gases and particles. Although much of the commercially available equipment and methods used for surface and subsurface environmental sampling of gases can be used for an OSI scenario, on-site sampling conditions, required sampling volumes and establishment of background concentrations of noble gases require development of specialized methodologies. To facilitate development of sampling equipment and methodologies that address OSI sampling volume and detection objectives, and to collect information required for model development, a field test site was created at a former underground nuclear explosion site located in welded volcanic tuff. A mixture of SF-6, Xe127 and Ar37 was metered into 4400 m3 of air as it was injected into the top region of the UNE cavity. These tracers were expected to move towards the surface primarily in response to barometric pumping or through delayed cavity pressurization (accelerated transport to minimize source decay time). Sampling approaches compared during the field exercise included sampling at the soil surface, inside surface fractures, and at soil vapor extraction points at depths down to 2 m. Effectiveness of various sampling approaches and the results of tracer gas measurements will be presented. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Kirkham, R AU - Olsen, K AU - Hayes, J C AU - Emer, D F AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract S21B EP - 2413 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1707526281?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Optimizing+detection+of+noble+gas+emission+at+a+former+UNE+site%3B+sample+strategy%2C+collection%2C+and+analysis&rft.au=Kirkham%2C+R%3BOlsen%2C+K%3BHayes%2C+J+C%3BEmer%2C+D+F%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kirkham&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-27 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - UTEX modeling of xenon signature sensitivity to geology and explosion cavity characteristics following an underground nuclear explosion AN - 1707525915; 2015-080615 AB - Underground nuclear explosions (UNEs) produce anthropogenic isotopes that can potentially be used in the verification component of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty. Several isotopes of radioactive xenon gas have been identified as radionuclides of interest within the International Monitoring System (IMS) and in an On-Site Inspection (OSI). Substantial research has been previously undertaken to characterize the geologic and atmospheric mechanisms that can drive the movement of radionuclide gas from a well-contained UNE, considering both sensitivities on gas arrival time and signature variability of xenon due to the nature of subsurface transport. This work further considers sensitivities of radioxenon gas arrival time and signatures to large variability in geologic stratification and generalized explosion cavity characteristics, as well as compares this influence to variability in the shallow surface. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Lowrey, Justin D AU - Haas, Derek AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract S21B EP - 2408 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1707525915?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=UTEX+modeling+of+xenon+signature+sensitivity+to+geology+and+explosion+cavity+characteristics+following+an+underground+nuclear+explosion&rft.au=Lowrey%2C+Justin+D%3BHaas%2C+Derek%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lowrey&rft.aufirst=Justin&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-27 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Measuring and modeling xenon uptake in plastic beta-cells AN - 1707525885; 2015-080617 AB - The precision of the stable xenon volume measurement in atmospheric monitoring radio-xenon systems is a critical parameter used to determine the activity concentration of a radio-xenon sample. Typically these types of systems use a plastic scintillating beta-cell as part of a beta-gamma detection scheme to measure the radioactivity present in the gas sample. Challenges arise when performing the stable xenon calculation during or after radioactive counting of the sample due to xenon uptake into the plastic beta-cells. Plastic beta cells can adsorb as much as 5% of the sample during counting. If quantification is performed after counting, the uptake of xenon into the plastic results in an underestimation of the xenon volume measurement. This behavior also causes what is typically known as "memory effect" in the cell. Experiments were conducted using a small volume low pressure range thermal conductivity sensor to quantify the amount of xenon uptake into the cell over a given period of time. Understanding the xenon uptake in the cell provides a better estimate of the stable volume which improves the overall measurement capability of the system. The results from these experiments along with modeling will be presented. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Suarez, R AU - Hayes, J C AU - Harper, Warren W AU - Humble, Paul AU - Ripplinger, M D AU - Stephenson, David E AU - Williams, R M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract S21B EP - 2410 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1707525885?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Measuring+and+modeling+xenon+uptake+in+plastic+beta-cells&rft.au=Suarez%2C+R%3BHayes%2C+J+C%3BHarper%2C+Warren+W%3BHumble%2C+Paul%3BRipplinger%2C+M+D%3BStephenson%2C+David+E%3BWilliams%2C+R+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Suarez&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-27 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Alternatives for laboratory measurement of aerosol samples from the international monitoring system of the CTBT AN - 1707525256; 2015-080616 AB - The aerosol samples taken from the CTBT International Monitoring Systems stations are measured in the field with a minimum detectable concentration (MDC) of nearly equal 30 microBq/m3 of Ba-140. This is sufficient to detect far less than 1 kt of aerosol fission products in the atmosphere when the station is in the plume from such an event. Recent thinking about minimizing the potential source region (PSR) from a detection has led to a desire for a multi-station or multi-time period detection. These would be connected through the concept of "event formation", analogous to event formation in seismic event study. However, to form such events, samples from the nearest neighbors of the detection would require re-analysis with a more sensitive laboratory to gain a substantially lower MDC, and potentially find radionuclide concentrations undetected by the station. The authors will present recent laboratory work with air filters showing various cost effective means for enhancing laboratory sensitivity. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Miley, H AU - Forrester, Joel B AU - Greenwood, L R AU - Keillor, Martin E AU - Eslinger, Paul W AU - Regmi, R AU - Biegalski, S AU - Erikson, Luke E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract S21B EP - 2409 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1707525256?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Alternatives+for+laboratory+measurement+of+aerosol+samples+from+the+international+monitoring+system+of+the+CTBT&rft.au=Miley%2C+H%3BForrester%2C+Joel+B%3BGreenwood%2C+L+R%3BKeillor%2C+Martin+E%3BEslinger%2C+Paul+W%3BRegmi%2C+R%3BBiegalski%2C+S%3BErikson%2C+Luke+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Miley&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-27 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On site inspection radionuclide measurements AN - 1707525143; 2015-080618 AB - The goal of an On Site Inspection for the CTBT is the clarification of the nature of a triggering event - probably a seismic signal. After a request for inspection is made and accepted, an inspection team proceeds to the environs of the triggering event and uses visual, seismic, radiological, or other location-finding methods to narrow down the search area. Survey, environmental sampling, and field-lab measurement methods then are used to try to collect definitive facts to support decisions of an Executive Council of the Treaty. Refining and optimizing the science methods for practical survey, sampling, and measurement requires reasonable measurement objectives to be stated. The authors will present a few scenario-dependant objectives such that the field approaches and equipment specifications could follow. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Hayes, J C AU - Haas, Derek AU - Milbrath, Brian D AU - Miley, H AU - Seifert, Carolyn E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract S21B EP - 2411 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1707525143?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=On+site+inspection+radionuclide+measurements&rft.au=Hayes%2C+J+C%3BHaas%2C+Derek%3BMilbrath%2C+Brian+D%3BMiley%2C+H%3BSeifert%2C+Carolyn+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hayes&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-27 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radionuclide data analysis and evaluation; more information from fewer isotopes AN - 1707524979; 2015-080623 AB - The analysis of the International Monitoring System radionuclide data sets provides daily concentrations for both particulate and radioxenon isotopes. These isotopes can come from many potential sources such as nuclear reactors, nuclear physics experiments, and medical isotope production. These interesting but irrelevant sources have several of the same radio-isotopic signatures from above or underground nuclear explosions and must be ruled out as part of the determination that an event originated as a nuclear explosion. There are several methods under development that aid in this determination and this poster will briefly cover each: radio-isotopic ratios and parent daughter relationships, co-detection of radioxenon and isotopes found on particulates, and past detection history. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Prinke, Amanda AU - McIntyre, J AU - Cooper, Matthew AU - Haas, Derek AU - Lowrey, Justin D AU - Miley, Harry AU - Schrom, Brian AU - Suckow, Thomas AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract S21B EP - 2416 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1707524979?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Radionuclide+data+analysis+and+evaluation%3B+more+information+from+fewer+isotopes&rft.au=Prinke%2C+Amanda%3BMcIntyre%2C+J%3BCooper%2C+Matthew%3BHaas%2C+Derek%3BLowrey%2C+Justin+D%3BMiley%2C+Harry%3BSchrom%2C+Brian%3BSuckow%2C+Thomas%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Prinke&rft.aufirst=Amanda&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-27 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stand alone calibration toolset AN - 1707524970; 2015-080619 AB - Radioxenon measurements require a well calibrated nuclear detector, which typically requires several weeks to perform a complex analysis of the resulting data to determine the detection efficiencies. To reduce the need to have an expert in nuclear physics, PNNL has developed a Standalone Calibration Toolset (SCT), which will aid an analyst in B-y nuclear detector calibration. SCT takes data generated from measurement of isotopically pure calibration samples: Xe-135, Xe-133, Xe-133m and Xe-131m, and generates nuclear detector configuration files. This will result in a simplified calibration and will make verification and corrections to b-g detectors routine. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Cooper, M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract S21B EP - 2412 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1707524970?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Stand+alone+calibration+toolset&rft.au=Cooper%2C+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Cooper&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-27 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Global vegetation model diversity and the risks of climate-driven ecosystem shifts AN - 1705078353; PQ0001831710 AB - Climate change is modifying global biogeochemical cycles, and is expected to exert increasingly large effects in the future. How these changes will affect and interact with the structure and function of particular ecosystems is unclear, both because of scientific uncertainties and the very diversity of global vegetation models in use. Writing in ERL, Warszawski et al (2013 Environ. Res. Lett. 8 044018) aggregate results from a group of models, across a range of emissions scenarios and climate data, to investigate these risks. Although the models frequently disagree about which specific regions are at risk, they consistently predict a greater chance of ecosystem restructuring with more warming; this risk roughly doubles between a 2 and 3 [degrees] C increase in global mean temperature. The innovative work of Warszawski et al represents an important first step towards fully consistent multi-model, multi-scenario assessments of the future risks to global ecosystems. JF - Environmental Research Letters AU - Bond-Lamberty, Ben AD - Joint Global Change Research Institute, DOE Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 5825 University Research Ct. #3500, College Park, MD 20740, USA, bondlamberty@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - 1 EP - 2 PB - IOP Publishing, The Public Ledger Building, Suite 929 Philadelphia PA 19106 United States VL - 8 IS - 4 SN - 1748-9326, 1748-9326 KW - Risk Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Mean temperatures KW - Climate models KW - Biogeochemistry KW - Climate KW - Climate change KW - Temperature KW - Biogeochemical cycles KW - Vegetation KW - Environmental research KW - Climate and vegetation KW - Emissions KW - Global warming KW - Innovations KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 20:Weather Modification & Geophysical Change KW - R2 23050:Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1705078353?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Global+vegetation+model+diversity+and+the+risks+of+climate-driven+ecosystem+shifts&rft.au=Bond-Lamberty%2C+Ben&rft.aulast=Bond-Lamberty&rft.aufirst=Ben&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.issn=17489326&rft_id=info:doi/10.1088%2F1748-9326%2F8%2F4%2F041004 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Climate and vegetation; Mean temperatures; Climate models; Climate change; Biogeochemical cycles; Global warming; Environmental research; Risk assessment; Biogeochemistry; Climate; Emissions; Temperature; Vegetation; Innovations DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/8/4/041004 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Oceanic control of Northeast Pacific hurricane activity at interannual timescales AN - 1705078055; PQ0001831723 AB - Sea surface temperature (SST) is not the only oceanic parameter that can play a key role in the interannual variability of Northeast Pacific hurricane activity. Using several observational data sets and the statistical technique of multiple linear regression analysis, we show that, along with SST, the thermocline depth (TD) plays an important role in hurricane activity at interannual timescales in this basin. Based on the parameter that dominates, the ocean basin can be divided into two sub-regions. In the Southern sub-region, which includes the hurricane main development area, interannual variability of the upper-ocean heat content (OHC) is primarily controlled by TD variations. Consequently, the interannual variability in the hurricane power dissipation index (PDI), which is a measure of the intensity of hurricane activity, is driven by that of the TD. On the other hand, in the Northern sub-region, SST exerts the major control over the OHC variability and, in turn, the PDI. Our study suggests that both SST and TD have a significant influence on the Northeast Pacific hurricane activity at interannual timescales and that their respective roles are more clearly delineated when sub-regions along an approximate north-south demarcation are considered rather than the basin as a whole. JF - Environmental Research Letters AU - Balaguru, Karthik AU - Leung, L Ruby AU - Yoon, Jin-ho AD - Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA, Karthik.Balaguru@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - 1 EP - 7 PB - IOP Publishing, The Public Ledger Building, Suite 929 Philadelphia PA 19106 United States VL - 8 IS - 4 SN - 1748-9326, 1748-9326 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - thermocline depth KW - sea surface temperature KW - upper-ocean heat content KW - Northeast Pacific hurricanes KW - interannual variability KW - ocean-atmosphere interactions KW - ocean dynamics KW - Temperature KW - Statistical analysis KW - Basins KW - Environmental research KW - Thermocline depth KW - Hurricanes KW - Interannual variability KW - Regression analysis KW - Ocean basins KW - Thermocline KW - Sea surface temperatures KW - M2 551.465:Structure/Dynamics/Circulation (551.465) KW - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1705078055?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Oceanic+control+of+Northeast+Pacific+hurricane+activity+at+interannual+timescales&rft.au=Balaguru%2C+Karthik%3BLeung%2C+L+Ruby%3BYoon%2C+Jin-ho&rft.aulast=Balaguru&rft.aufirst=Karthik&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.issn=17489326&rft_id=info:doi/10.1088%2F1748-9326%2F8%2F4%2F044009 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Interannual variability; Statistical analysis; Regression analysis; Environmental research; Ocean basins; Sea surface temperatures; Thermocline depth; Hurricanes; Temperature; Basins; Thermocline DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/8/4/044009 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Real-time 4D ERT monitoring of river water intrusion into a former nuclear disposal site using a transient warping-mesh water table boundary AN - 1703689870; 2015-078084 AB - The Hanford 300 Area, located adjacent to the Columbia River in south-central Washington, USA, is the site of former research and uranium fuel rod fabrication facilities. Waste disposal practices at site included discharging between 33 and 59 metric tons of uranium over a 40 year period into shallow infiltration galleries, resulting in persistent uranium contamination within the vadose and saturated zones. Uranium transport from the vadose zone to the saturated zone is intimately linked with water table fluctuations and river water intrusion driven by upstream dam operations. As river stage increases, the water table rises into the vadose zone and mobilizes contaminated pore water. At the same time, river water moves inland into the aquifer, and river water chemistry facilitates further mobilization by enabling uranium desorption from contaminated sediments. As river stage decreases, flow moves toward the river, ultimately discharging contaminated water at the river bed. River water specific conductance at the 300 Area varies around 0.018 S/m whereas groundwater specific conductance varies around 0.043 S/m. This contrast provides the opportunity to monitor groundwater/river water interaction by imaging changes in bulk conductivity within the saturated zone using time-lapse electrical resistivity tomography. Previous efforts have demonstrated this capability, but have also shown that disconnecting regularization constraints at the water table is critical for obtaining meaningful time-lapse images. Because the water table moves with time, the regularization constraints must also be transient to accommodate the water table boundary. This was previously accomplished with 2D time-lapse ERT imaging by using a finely discretized computational mesh within the water table interval, enabling a relatively smooth water table to be defined without modifying the mesh. However, in 3D this approach requires a computational mesh with an untenable number of elements. In order to accommodate the water table boundary in 3D, we propose a time-lapse warping mesh inversion, whereby mesh elements that traverse the water table are modified to generate a smooth boundary at the known water table position, enabling regularization constraints to be accurately disconnected across the water table boundary at a given time. We demonstrate the approach using a surface ERT array installed adjacent to the Columbia River at the 300 Area, consisting of 352 electrodes and covering an area of approximately 350 m x 350 m. Using autonomous data collection, transmission, and filtering tools coupled with high performance computing resources, the 4D imaging process is automated and executed in real time. Each time lapse survey consists of approximately 40,000 measurements and 4 surveys are collected and processed per day from April 1st, 2013 to September 30th, 2013. The data are inverted on an unstructured tetrahedral mesh that honors LiDAR-based surface topography and is comprised of approximately 905,000 elements. Imaging results show the dynamic 4D extent of river water intrusion, and are validated with well-based fluid conductivity measurements at each monitoring well within the imaging domain. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Johnson, T AU - Hammond, G E AU - Versteeg, R J AU - Zachara, J M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract NS31B EP - 05 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1703689870?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Real-time+4D+ERT+monitoring+of+river+water+intrusion+into+a+former+nuclear+disposal+site+using+a+transient+warping-mesh+water+table+boundary&rft.au=Johnson%2C+T%3BHammond%2C+G+E%3BVersteeg%2C+R+J%3BZachara%2C+J+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-13 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Towards improved electrical imaging and monitoring of groundwater in fractured rock aquifers AN - 1703689619; 2015-078081 AB - There is an increasing need to characterize fractured rock aquifers and to monitor the movement of fluids in these systems. Fractured rock aquifers are increasingly exploited for water resources, and are subject to contamination from industrial activities at the Earth's surface. Geophysical imaging technologies are increasingly applied in an effort to overcome the limitations of sparsely located direct observations of subsurface properties. However, the application of geophysical technologies to fractured rock systems presents challenges as appropriate regularization model constraints for complex, heterogeneous systems are hard to define without additional subsurface information. Cross-borehole electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) is a candidate hydrogeophysical technology for remotely imaging fractured rock, as the interconnected fracture networks will serve as the primary pathways for both fluid and electrical current flow. However, three major challenges have hindered the application of ERT in fractured rock systems: [1] the heterogeneous electrical conductivity structure associated with electrically conductive fractures in a resistive matrix requires a full 3D inversion at high spatial resolution; [2] boreholes drilled in fractured rock aquifers represent highly conductive features that must be accurately modeled in the numerical forward and inverse modeling through supporting field data; [3] appropriate regularization constraints required to represent fractures are difficult to define in the inverse modeling given the limited ground truth information typically available. We describe strategies to improve the characterization and monitoring of discrete fracture networks from ERT surveys. We first consider synthetic scenarios based on the geology of a fractured mudstone aquifer that has been extensively contaminated by chlorinated solvents. We then revisit an early case study where a 3D ERT dataset was used to image a bedding plane system and supporting information on the location of the bedding plane was available from borehole logging. We demonstrate the benefits of an informed imaging approach conditioned on borehole logging data, involving a 3D inversion, explicitly incorporating the borehole properties in the modeling, and applying regularization disconnects to capture the sharp contrasts in resistivity existing at the borehole walls and at fracture zone boundaries. When regularization disconnects are correctly located, geologically meaningful images of fractured rock systems are obtained; realistic estimates of fluid transport through discrete fractures also result. However, when disconnects are incorrectly located, inversion artifacts limit the hydrogeological information obtainable. Our findings suggest that an informed inversion approach honoring both (1) the sharp resistivity contrasts at fracture and borehole boundaries, and (2) data acquired with standard borehole logging tools, provides a framework for meaningful hydrogeophysical investigations of fractured rock aquifers. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Robinson, J AU - Slater, L D AU - Johnson, T AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract NS31B EP - 02 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1703689619?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Towards+improved+electrical+imaging+and+monitoring+of+groundwater+in+fractured+rock+aquifers&rft.au=Robinson%2C+J%3BSlater%2C+L+D%3BJohnson%2C+T%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Robinson&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-13 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Flow and axial dispersion in a sinusoidal-walled tube; effects of inertial and unsteady flows AN - 1703686971; 2015-077636 AB - In this work, we consider a sinusoidal-walled tube (a three-dimensional tube with sinusoidally-varying diameter) as a simplified conceptualization of flow in porous media. Direct numerical simulation using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods was used to compute velocity fields by solving the Navier-Stokes equations, and also to numerically solve the volume averaging closure problem, for a range of Reynolds numbers (Re) spanning the low-Re to inertial flow regimes, including one simulation at Re=449 for which unsteady flow was observed. The longitudinal dispersion observed for the flow was computed using a random walk particle tracking method, and this was compared to the longitudinal dispersion predicted from a volume-averaged macroscopic mass balance using the method of volume averaging; the results of the two methods were consistent. Our results are compared to experimental measurements of dispersion in porous media and to previous theoretical results for both the low-Re, Stokes flow regime and for values of Re representing the steady inertial regime. In the steady inertial regime, a power-law increase in the effective longitudinal dispersion (D (sub L) ) with Re was found, and this is consistent with previous results. This rapid rate of increase is caused by trapping of solute in expansions due to flow separation (eddies). One unsteady (but non-turbulent) flow case (Re=449) was also examined. For this case, the rate of increase of D (sub L) with Re was smaller than that observed at lower Re. Velocity fluctuations in this regime lead to increased rates of solute mass transfer between the core flow and separated flow regions, thus diminishing the amount of tailing caused by solute trapping in eddies and thereby reducing longitudinal dispersion. The observed tailing was further explored through analysis of concentration skewness (third moment) and its assymptotic onvergence to conventional advection-dispersion behavior (skewness=0). The method of volume averaging was applied to develop a skewness model, and demonstrated that the skewness decreases as a function of inverse square root of time. Our particle tracking simulation results were shown to conform to this theoretical result in most of the cases considered. Abstract Copyright (2013) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Advances in Water Resources AU - Richmond, Marshall C AU - Perkins, William A AU - Scheibe, Timothy D AU - Lambert, Adam AU - Wood, Brian D Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - 215 EP - 226 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 62 IS - PART B SN - 0309-1708, 0309-1708 KW - solute transport KW - dispersivity KW - numerical models KW - three-dimensional models KW - statistical analysis KW - fluid flow KW - fluid dynamics KW - simulation KW - porosity KW - models KW - transport KW - volume KW - hydrodynamics KW - Reynolds number KW - skewness KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1703686971?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.atitle=Flow+and+axial+dispersion+in+a+sinusoidal-walled+tube%3B+effects+of+inertial+and+unsteady+flows&rft.au=Richmond%2C+Marshall+C%3BPerkins%2C+William+A%3BScheibe%2C+Timothy+D%3BLambert%2C+Adam%3BWood%2C+Brian+D&rft.aulast=Richmond&rft.aufirst=Marshall&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=PART+B&rft.spage=215&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.issn=03091708&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.advwatres.2013.06.014 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03091708 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 64 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - dispersivity; fluid dynamics; fluid flow; hydrodynamics; models; numerical models; porosity; Reynolds number; simulation; skewness; solute transport; statistical analysis; three-dimensional models; transport; volume DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2013.06.014 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impacts of irrigated agriculture on surface and groundwater resources simulated by the Community Land Model AN - 1696878095; 2015-068340 AB - Water management practices including irrigation and groundwater pumping could significantly alter the quantity and distribution of water resources at the continental scale. In this presentation, we will discuss results from our recent studies in assessing the impact of irrigated agriculture on spatiotemporal variability of water resources over the conterminous United States using the Community Land Model (CLM), by enhancing its irrigation module with a groundwater pumping scheme. For realistic simulations of irrigation impacts on water resources, irrigation areas derived from remote sensing products and agricultural census data were compared. To address the large uncertainties related to these data products, the CLM4 simulated irrigation amounts were calibrated against observations from agriculture census at the county scale. The water used for irrigation was then removed from the surface runoff and groundwater aquifer according to a ratio determined from the county-level agricultural census data. Our results suggest that when irrigation is considered, model simulated evapotranspiration (ET) could be significantly improved when compared to that derived from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). Based on the simulations, the impact of irrigation on surface and groundwater were investigated. Our results suggest that the impacts of irrigation on latent heat flux and potential recharge when water is withdrawn from surface water alone or from both surface and groundwater are comparable. However, when water is withdrawn from groundwater for irrigation, greater effects on the subsurface water balance were found, leading to significant depletion of groundwater storage in regions with low recharge rate and high groundwater exploitation rate, which are consistent with variations in total water storage derived from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE). Application of the enhanced model over North China Plain, a relatively data-poor region compared to the US, will also be briefly discussed. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Huang, M AU - Leng, G AU - Tang, Q AU - Gao, H AU - Leung, L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract H51E EP - 1244 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1696878095?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Impacts+of+irrigated+agriculture+on+surface+and+groundwater+resources+simulated+by+the+Community+Land+Model&rft.au=Huang%2C+M%3BLeng%2C+G%3BTang%2C+Q%3BGao%2C+H%3BLeung%2C+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Huang&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Flow-rate-dependent equilibrium saturation-distributions through hysteresis in two-phase flow in porous media AN - 1696874864; 2015-066494 AB - Two-phase flow systems in porous media are inherently complex and can exhibit both path- and rate-dependence in their behavior. Mathematical models may be developed that include explicit representations of path dependence (via hysteretic constitutive functions) and rate dependence (for example, via boundary conditions). We report on such a model in this paper. We use a set of quasi-analytical solutions and simulations to study the combined impact of hysteresis and flow rate on the equilibrium distribution of two fluids in a one-dimensional vertical column. We use boundary conditions to control the flow rate in the system, and assign different properties to each of the fluids, including different densities. We consider drainage in an initially water-saturated column, and compare the equilibrium profile for creeping, capillary-dominated invasion and an advection-dominated Buckley-Leverett displacement as well as displacement processes of injection rates between the two extreme cases. All of these injections are followed by a capillary-driven redistribution. The bounding cases permit quasi-analytical solutions while mixed displacement processes require numerical solutions. We find that the differences in the solutions are significant and should be included in analyses of these kinds of problems. We also consider these results in light of upscaling and the design of effective models. We present a model that is able to capture the rate-dependent equilibrium saturation distributions in the column based on the injected volume and the history of a dynamic apparent saturation for low and intermediate injection rates. Based on these calculations we are preparing experiments to corroborate general hysteresis models or evaluate their limitations. We will report on our findings. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Doster, F AU - Nordbotten, J M AU - Oostrom, M AU - Celia, M A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract H51L EP - 1365 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1696874864?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Flow-rate-dependent+equilibrium+saturation-distributions+through+hysteresis+in+two-phase+flow+in+porous+media&rft.au=Doster%2C+F%3BNordbotten%2C+J+M%3BOostrom%2C+M%3BCelia%2C+M+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Doster&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hierarchical testing with automated document generation for amanzi, ASCEM's subsurface flow and reactive transport simulator AN - 1696873725; 2015-066397 AB - The Advanced Simulation Capabililty for Environmental Management (ASCEM) program is developing an approach and open-source tool suite for standardized risk and performance assessments at legacy nuclear waste sites. These assessments use a graded and iterative approach, beginning with simplified highly abstracted models, and adding geometric and geologic complexity as understanding is gained. To build confidence in this assessment capability, extensive testing of the underlying tools is needed. Since the tools themselves, such as the subsurface flow and reactive-transport simulator, Amanzi, are under active development, testing must be both hierarchical and highly automated. In this presentation we show how we have met these requirements, by leveraging the python-based open-source documentation system called Sphinx with several other open-source tools. Sphinx builds on the restructured text tool docutils, with important extensions that include high-quality formatting of equations, and integrated plotting through matplotlib. This allows the documentation, as well as the input files for tests, benchmark and tutorial problems, to be maintained with the source code under a version control system. In addition, it enables developers to build documentation in several different formats (e.g., html and pdf) from a single source. We will highlight these features, and discuss important benefits of this approach for Amanzi. In addition, we'll show that some of ASCEM's other tools, such as the sampling provided by the Uncertainty Quantification toolset, are naturally leveraged to enable more comprehensive testing. Finally, we will highlight the integration of this hierarchical testing and documentation framework with our build system and tools (CMake, CTest, and CDash). JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Moulton, J D AU - Steefel, C I AU - Yabusaki, S AU - Castleton, Karl AU - Scheibe, T D AU - Keating, E H AU - Freedman, V L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract H33B EP - 1357 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1696873725?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Hierarchical+testing+with+automated+document+generation+for+amanzi%2C+ASCEM%27s+subsurface+flow+and+reactive+transport+simulator&rft.au=Moulton%2C+J+D%3BSteefel%2C+C+I%3BYabusaki%2C+S%3BCastleton%2C+Karl%3BScheibe%2C+T+D%3BKeating%2C+E+H%3BFreedman%2C+V+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Moulton&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Large-scale in-situ experiments to determine geochemical alterations and microbial activities at the geological repository AN - 1696873249; 2015-066277 AB - The countries that have generated nuclear power have facing problems on the disposal of accumulated radioactive wastes. Geological disposal method has been chosen in many countries including Korea. A safety issue after the closure of geological repository has been raised, because microbial activities lead overpressure in the underground facilities through gas production. In particular, biodegradable organic materials derived from low- and intermediate-level radioactive wastes play important role on microbial activities in the geological repository. This study performed large scale in-situ experiments using organic wastes and groundwater, and investigated geochemical alteration and microbial activities at early stage ( nearly equal 63 days) as representative of the period, after closure of the geological repository. The geochemical alteration controlled significantly the microorganism types and populations. Database of the biogeochemical alteration facilitates prediction of radionuclides' mobility and establishment of remedial strategy against unpredictable accidents and hazards at early stage right after closure of the geological repository. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Choung, S AU - Francis, A J AU - Um, W AU - Choi, S AU - Kim, S AU - Park, J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract H31D EP - 1207 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1696873249?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Large-scale+in-situ+experiments+to+determine+geochemical+alterations+and+microbial+activities+at+the+geological+repository&rft.au=Choung%2C+S%3BFrancis%2C+A+J%3BUm%2C+W%3BChoi%2C+S%3BKim%2C+S%3BPark%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Choung&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Integrated assessment modeling for carbon storage risk and uncertainty quantification AN - 1696873232; 2015-066383 AB - The National Risk Assessment Partnership (NRAP) has developed tools to perform quantitative risk assessment at site-specific locations for long-term carbon storage. The approach that is being used is to divide the storage and containment system into components (e.g., reservoirs, seals, wells, groundwater aquifers), to develop detailed models for each component, to generate reduced order models (ROMs) based on the detailed models, and to reconnect the reduced order models within an integrated assessment model (IAM). CO2-PENS, developed at Los Alamos National Lab, is being used as the IAM for the simulations in this study. The benefit of this approach is that simulations of the complete system can be generated on a relatively rapid time scale so that Monte Carlo simulation can be performed. In this study, hundreds of thousands of runs of the IAMs have been generated to estimate likelihoods of the quantity of CO2 released to the atmosphere, size of aquifer impacted by pH, size of aquifer impacted by TDS, and size of aquifer with different metals concentrations. Correlations of the output variables with different reservoir, seal, wellbore, and aquifer parameters have been generated. Importance measures have been identified, and inputs have been ranked in the order of their impact on the output quantities. Presentation will describe the approach used, representative results, and implications for how the Monte Carlo analysis is implemented on uncertainty quantification. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Bromhal, G S AU - Dilmore, R AU - Pawar, R AU - Stauffer, P H AU - Gastelum, J AU - Oldenburg, C M AU - Zhang, Y AU - Chu, S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract H32G EP - 03 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1696873232?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Integrated+assessment+modeling+for+carbon+storage+risk+and+uncertainty+quantification&rft.au=Bromhal%2C+G+S%3BDilmore%2C+R%3BPawar%2C+R%3BStauffer%2C+P+H%3BGastelum%2C+J%3BOldenburg%2C+C+M%3BZhang%2C+Y%3BChu%2C+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bromhal&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Parallel inversion of a massive ERT data set to characterize deep vadose zone contamination beneath former nuclear waste infiltration galleries at the Hanford Site B-Complex AN - 1696873104; 2015-066459 AB - The Hanford Site, located in south-central Washington, USA, originated in the early 1940's as part of the Manhattan Project and produced plutonium used to build the United States nuclear weapons stockpile. In accordance with accepted industrial practice of that time, a substantial portion of relatively low-activity liquid radioactive waste was disposed of by direct discharge to either surface soil or into near-surface infiltration galleries such as cribs and trenches. This practice was supported by early investigations beginning in the 1940s, including studies by Geological Survey (USGS) experts, whose investigations found vadose zone soils at the site suitable for retaining radionuclides to the extent necessary to protect workers and members of the general public based on the standards of that time. That general disposal practice has long since been discontinued, and the US Department of Energy (USDOE) is now investigating residual contamination at former infiltration galleries as part of its overall environmental management and remediation program. Most of the liquid wastes released into the subsurface were highly ionic and electrically conductive, and therefore present an excellent target for imaging by Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) within the low-conductivity sands and gravels comprising Hanford's vadose zone. In 2006, USDOE commissioned a large scale surface ERT survey to characterize vadose zone contamination beneath the Hanford Site B-Complex, which contained 8 infiltration trenches, 12 cribs, and one tile field. The ERT data were collected in a pole-pole configuration with 18 north-south trending lines, and 18 east-west trending lines ranging from 417m to 816m in length. The final data set consisted of 208,411 measurements collected on 4859 electrodes, covering an area of 600m X 600m. Given the computational demands of inverting this massive data set as a whole, the data were initially inverted in parts with a shared memory inversion code, which revealed the general footprint of vadose zone contamination beneath infiltration galleries. In 2011, the USDOE commissioned an effort to re-invert the B-Complex ERT data as a whole using a recently developed massively parallel 3D ERT inversion code. The computational mesh included approximately 1.085 million elements and closely honored the 37m of topographic relief as determined by LiDAR imaging. The water table and tank boundaries were also incorporated into the mesh to facilitate regularization disconnects, enabling sharp conductivity contrasts where they occur naturally without penalty. The data were inverted using 1024 processors, requiring 910 Gb of memory and 11.5 hours of computation time. The imaging results revealed previously unrealized detail concerning the distribution and behavior of contaminants migrating through the vadose zone, and are currently being used by site cleanup operators and regulators to understand the origin of a groundwater nitrate plume emerging from one of the infiltration galleries. The results overall demonstrate the utility of high performance computing, unstructured meshing, and custom regularization constraints for optimal processing of massive ERT data sets enabled by modern ERT survey hardware. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Johnson, T AU - Rucker, D F AU - Wellman, D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract H51H EP - 1288 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1696873104?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Parallel+inversion+of+a+massive+ERT+data+set+to+characterize+deep+vadose+zone+contamination+beneath+former+nuclear+waste+infiltration+galleries+at+the+Hanford+Site+B-Complex&rft.au=Johnson%2C+T%3BRucker%2C+D+F%3BWellman%2C+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A code intercomparison study for THMC simulators applied to enhanced geothermal systems AN - 1696872943; 2015-066385 AB - Numerical simulation codes have become critical tools for understanding complex geologic processes, as applied to technology assessment, system design, monitoring, and operational guidance. Recently the need for quantitatively evaluating coupled Thermodynamic, Hydrologic, geoMechanical, and geoChemical (THMC) processes has grown, driven by new applications such as geologic sequestration of greenhouse gases and development of unconventional energy sources. Here we focus on Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS), which are man-made geothermal reservoirs created where hot rock exists but there is insufficient natural permeability and/or pore fluids to allow efficient energy extraction. In an EGS, carefully controlled subsurface fluid injection is performed to enhance the permeability of pre-existing fractures, which facilitates fluid circulation and heat transport. EGS technologies are relatively new, and pose significant simulation challenges. To become a trusted analytical tool for EGS, numerical simulation codes must be tested to demonstrate that they adequately represent the coupled THMC processes of concern. This presentation describes the approach and status of a benchmarking and code intercomparison effort currently underway, supported by the U. S. Department of Energy's Geothermal Technologies Program. This study is being closely coordinated with a parallel international effort sponsored by the International Partnership for Geothermal Technology (IPGT). We have defined an extensive suite of benchmark problems, test cases, and challenge problems, ranging in complexity and difficulty, and a number of modeling teams are applying various simulation tools to these problems. The descriptions of the problems and modeling results are being compiled using the Velo framework, a scientific workflow and data management environment accessible through a simple web-based interface. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Scheibe, T D AU - White, M D AU - Wurstner White, S AU - Sivaramakrishnan, C AU - Purohit, S AU - Black, G AU - Podgorney, R K AU - Phillips, B R AU - Boyd, L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract H32G EP - 06 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1696872943?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=A+code+intercomparison+study+for+THMC+simulators+applied+to+enhanced+geothermal+systems&rft.au=Scheibe%2C+T+D%3BWhite%2C+M+D%3BWurstner+White%2C+S%3BSivaramakrishnan%2C+C%3BPurohit%2C+S%3BBlack%2C+G%3BPodgorney%2C+R+K%3BPhillips%2C+B+R%3BBoyd%2C+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Scheibe&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structure and dynamics of confined water and CO2 in clays under supercritical conditions AN - 1692743121; 2015-059318 AB - Carbon dioxide (CO2) driven enhanced gas recovery (EGR) from depleted fractured shale gas reservoirs has the potential for producing economic benefits and providing long term storage options for anthropogenic derived CO2 emissions. However key scientific processes related to CO2:CH4 exchange rates, mineral volume changes, organic mobility, and mineral stability in the presence of acid gas injections are not well understood. In this paper, we conduct atomistic simulations to examine interactions occurring between model clay minerals and supercritical CO2 equilibrated with water or brines to identify parameters controlling adsorption and desorption of gases. Integrated within these simulations are results derived from a set of newly developed experimental techniques designed to characterize physico-chemical reactions at reservoir conditions. In a series of cell optimizations under pressures relevant to sequestration scenarios, molecular simulations within the NVT and NPT ensembles with varying water/CO2 ratios showed a range of interlayer expansion for specific cation-saturated smectites. In conjunction with experimental in situ high pressure x-ray diffraction (HXRD), semi-quantitative concentrations of interlayer H2O and CO2 were established. For example, Ca saturated smectites maintaining sub-single to single hydration states (<1W to 1W), expand approximately 1.7-2.0 Aa when exposed to anhydrous supercritical CO2. In contrast, for single to double hydration states (1W-2W), the simulations indicate formation of a quasi-single, metastable state, leading to a reduced interlayer spacing. Partial dehydration of the interlayer spacing while in contact with CO2 is due to a reduction of the interlayer cation coordination number. Structural analysis of the intercalated species shows an increase in the hydrogen bonding between waters during CO2 intercalation coincident with a decrease in the coordination population around the cations. Power spectra reveal rotationally constrained CO2 molecules over the silica layer of the Ca-smectite surface due to the formation of a two dimensional supercritical CO2 network at lower pressures, expanding to three-dimensions as the water content increases. Diffusion coefficients of the interlayer species determined from the molecular trajectories show dependence on the presence of CO2 and hydration state. In agreement with modeling studies, direct observations of volume changes were observed during in situ HXRD experiments when exposure of a 2W Ca-smectite to supercritical CO2 at 50 degrees C and 90 bar produced a decrease in the interlayer spacing. In addition to intercalation, surface adsorption and desorption are equally important interactions occurring with clay minerals in the presence of supercritical CO2. Processes related to surface condensation of CO2 were examined through a series of modeling exercises and in situ spectroscopic measurements. Results showed that adsorbed CO2 concentrations were low when no water was adsorbed to the clay, but dramatically increased to a maximum when the clay was at approximately 1W. With continued water adsorption, CO2 concentrations decreased as the water outcompeted CO2 for adsorption/intercalation sites. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Glezakou, V AU - Lee, M AU - Schaef, T AU - Loring, J AU - Davidson, C AU - McGrail, P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract MR33B EP - 2331 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692743121?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Structure+and+dynamics+of+confined+water+and+CO2+in+clays+under+supercritical+conditions&rft.au=Glezakou%2C+V%3BLee%2C+M%3BSchaef%2C+T%3BLoring%2C+J%3BDavidson%2C+C%3BMcGrail%2C+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Glezakou&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-02 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of injected CO (sub 2) on geomechanical properties due to mineralogical changes AN - 1692742899; 2015-059024 AB - Long-term injection and storage of CO (sub 2) in deep underground reservoirs may significantly modify the geomechanical behavior of rocks since CO (sub 2) can react with the constituent phases of reservoir rocks and modify their composition. This can lead to modifications of their geomechanical properties (i.e., elastic moduli, Biot's coefficients, and permeability). Modifications of rock geomechanical properties have important consequences as these directly control stress and strain distributions, affect conditions for fracture initiation and development and/or fault healing. This paper attempts to elucidate the geochemical effects of CO (sub 2) on geomechanical properties of typical reservoir rocks by means of numerical analyses using the STOMP-ABAQUS sequentially coupled simulator that includes the capability to handle geomechanics and the reactive transport of CO (sub 2) together with a module (EMTA) to compute the homogenized rock poroelastic properties as a function of composition changes. EMTA, a software module developed at PNNL, implements the standard and advanced Eshelby-Mori-Tanaka approaches to compute the thermoelastic properties of composite materials. In this work, EMTA will be implemented in the coupled STOMP-ABAQUS simulator as a user subroutine of ABAQUS and used to compute local elastic stiffness based on rock composition. Under the STOMP-ABAQUS approach, STOMP models are built to simulate aqueous and CO (sub 2) multiphase fluid flows, and relevant chemical reactions of pore fluids with minerals in the reservoirs. The ABAQUS models then read STOMP output data for cell center coordinates, gas pressures, aqueous pressures, temperatures, saturations, constituent volume fractions, as well as permeability and porosity that are affected by chemical reactions. These data are imported into ABAQUS meshes using a mapping procedure developed for the exchange of data between STOMP and ABAQUS. Constitutive models implemented in ABAQUS via user subroutines then compute stiffness, stresses, strains, pore pressure, permeability, porosity, and capillary pressure, and return updated permeability, porosity, and capillary pressure to STOMP at selected times. In preliminary work, the enhanced STOMP-ABAQUS sequentially coupled approach is validated and illustrated in an example analysis of a cylindrical rock specimen subjected to axial loading, confining pressure, and CO (sub 2) fluid injection. The geomechanical analysis accounting for CO (sub 2) reactions with rock constituents is compared to that without chemical reactions to elucidate the geochemical effects of injected CO (sub 2) on the response of the reservoir rock to stress. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Nguyen, B N AU - Hou, Z AU - Bacon, Diana H AU - Murray, Chris J AU - White, J A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract H13M EP - 08 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692742899?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Effects+of+injected+CO+%28sub+2%29+on+geomechanical+properties+due+to+mineralogical+changes&rft.au=Nguyen%2C+B+N%3BHou%2C+Z%3BBacon%2C+Diana+H%3BMurray%2C+Chris+J%3BWhite%2C+J+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Nguyen&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-02 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coupling geomechanics with flow and reactive transport in PFLOTRAN for subsurface applications AN - 1692740758; 2015-059103 AB - With increase in the number of emerging subsurface applications that involve several coupled processes such as thermal, hydrological, mechanical and chemical, there is a need for computational models that are capable of simulating these processes. Some of such applications include carbon sequestration, nuclear waste disposal, enhanced geothermal systems, degradation of permafrost in the Arctic, etc. In this work, the approach to couple geomechanics with non-isothermal flow and reactive transport in PFLOTRAN is described. PFLOTRAN (http://www.pflotran.org) is a massively parallel open-source code originally developed for multiphase, non-isothermal flow and reactive transport. Details regarding the coupling algorithm, parallel framework and parallel performance is shown. Example simulations using this new multi-physics capability are also presented. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Karra, S AU - Bisht, G AU - Lichtner, Peter C AU - Hammond, G E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract H21E EP - 1106 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692740758?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Coupling+geomechanics+with+flow+and+reactive+transport+in+PFLOTRAN+for+subsurface+applications&rft.au=Karra%2C+S%3BBisht%2C+G%3BLichtner%2C+Peter+C%3BHammond%2C+G+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Karra&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-02 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High performance simulation of environmental tracers in heterogeneous formations AN - 1692740715; 2015-059159 AB - Environmental tracers provide information on fluid flux, yielding important information for use in groundwater studies. Currently environmental tracer interpretation has been limited by computational expense. Here we use a scalable, massively parallel, flow and reactive transport code PFLOTRAN to simulate the concentrations of (super 3) H, (super 3) He, CFC-11, CFC-12, CFC-113, SF (sub 6) , (super 39) Ar, (super 81) Kr, (super 4) He and the mean groundwater age in 2D and 3D heterogeneous fields on grids with an excess of 10 million nodes. We utilize this computational platform to simulate the spatial distribution of environmental tracer concentration, tracer derived ages and modeled mean ground water age in heterogeneous aquifers. Modeled concentrations are then used to calculate tracer derived ages. The deviation of the tracer derived age distribution from the true groundwater age distribution increases with increasing heterogeneity of the system. The separation between the apparent age derived from different tracers also increases with increasing system heterogeneity. Age distributions in 3D aquifers differ significantly from 2D simulations with similar spatial statistics. The addition of the 3rd dimension increases connectivity, decreasing mean age and reducing age variability. High performance computation allows for investigation of tracer and groundwater age spatial distribution in unprecedented detail, providing a foundation for the next generation of environmental tracer interpretation. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Gardner, P AU - Hammond, G E AU - Lichtner, Peter C AU - Arnold, B W AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract H52F EP - 08 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692740715?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=High+performance+simulation+of+environmental+tracers+in+heterogeneous+formations&rft.au=Gardner%2C+P%3BHammond%2C+G+E%3BLichtner%2C+Peter+C%3BArnold%2C+B+W%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gardner&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-02 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - CO2 utilization and storage in shale gas reservoirs AN - 1689592266; 2015-056595 AB - Surging natural gas production from fractured shale reservoirs and the emerging concept of utilizing anthropogenic CO2 for secondary recovery and permanent storage is driving the need for understanding fundamental mechanisms controlling gas adsorption and desorption processes, mineral volume changes, and impacts to transmissivity properties. Early estimates indicate that between 10 and 30 gigatons of CO2 storage capacity may exist in the 24 shale gas plays included in current USGS assessments. However, the adsorption of gases (CO2, CH4, and SO2) is not well understood and appears unique for individual clay minerals. Using specialized experimental techniques developed at PNNL, pure clay minerals were examined at relevant pressures and temperatures during exposure to CH4, CO2, and mixtures of CO2-SO2. Adsorbed concentrations of methane displayed a linear behavior as a function of pressure as determined by a precision quartz crystal microbalance. Acid gases produced differently shaped adsorption isotherms, depending on temperature and pressure. In the instance of kaolinite, gaseous CO2 adsorbed linearly, but in the presence of supercritical CO2, surface condensation increased significantly to a peak value before desorbing with further increases in pressure. Similarly shaped CO2 adsorption isotherms derived from natural shale samples and coal samples have been reported in the literature. Adsorption steps, determined by density functional theory calculations, showed they were energetically favorable until the first CO2 layer formed, corresponding to a density of approximately 0.35 g/cm3. Interlayer cation content (Ca, Mg, or Na) of montmorillonites influenced adsorbed gas concentrations. Measurements by in situ x-ray diffraction demonstrate limited CO2 diffusion into the Na-montmorillonite interlayer spacing, with structural changes related to increased hydration. Volume changes were observed when Ca or Mg saturated montmorillonites in the 1W hydration state were exposed to supercritical CO2. Additional experiments were conducted with pressurized attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopy technique that tracked clay hydration, gas adsorption, and water concentrations in the fluids during exposure to CO2 and CH4. These fundamental physico-chemical data are being collected into a database for parameterization of multiphase flow and reactive transport simulations of the CO2 injection, trapping, and secondary methane in fractured shales. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Schaef, Todd AU - Glezakou, Vanda AU - Owen, Toni AU - Miller, Quin R S AU - Loring, John AU - Davidson, Casie AU - McGrail, Pete AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract MR21B EP - 05 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1689592266?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=CO2+utilization+and+storage+in+shale+gas+reservoirs&rft.au=Schaef%2C+Todd%3BGlezakou%2C+Vanda%3BOwen%2C+Toni%3BMiller%2C+Quin+R+S%3BLoring%2C+John%3BDavidson%2C+Casie%3BMcGrail%2C+Pete%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Schaef&rft.aufirst=Todd&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-18 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A framework for estimating groundwater concentrations of VOCs emanating from a vadose zone source AN - 1689589553; 2015-053629 AB - Soil vapor extraction (SVE) is a prevalent remediation approach for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the vadose zone. To support selection of an appropriate endpoint, i.e., the VOC concentration at which the remedy can be terminated for site closure or for transition to another remedy, an evaluation is needed to determine whether vadose zone contamination has been diminished sufficiently to protect groundwater. When vapor-phase diffusive transport is an important component of the overall contaminant fate and transport from a vadose zone source, a numerical analysis has shown that the expected groundwater concentration is controlled by a limited set of parameters, including site-specific dimensions, vadose zone properties, and source characteristics. Based on that approach, a framework was developed for estimating the VOC concentration in groundwater emanating from a vadose zone source. The framework uses results from three-dimensional VOC transport simulations for a matrix of parameter value combinations covering a range of potential site conditions. Interpolation and scaling processes are then applied to estimate contaminant concentrations at compliance (monitoring) wells for specific site conditions of interest. The framework has been incorporated into a user-friendly Microsoft(Registered) Excel(Registered)-based spreadsheet tool, which is made available to the public. The spreadsheet methodology provides a less computationally intensive alternative to three-dimensional multiphase modeling, while still allowing for parameter sensitivity and uncertainty analyses. In many cases, the framework spreadsheet may be appropriate to consider the effect of a diminishing vadose zone source over time. In this presentation, the conceptual model and spreadsheet development will be discussed. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Oostrom, M AU - Truex, M AU - Rice, A K AU - Carroll, K C AU - Simon, M A AU - Becker, D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract H34D EP - 05 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1689589553?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=A+framework+for+estimating+groundwater+concentrations+of+VOCs+emanating+from+a+vadose+zone+source&rft.au=Oostrom%2C+M%3BTruex%2C+M%3BRice%2C+A+K%3BCarroll%2C+K+C%3BSimon%2C+M+A%3BBecker%2C+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Oostrom&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-18 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enhanced amendment delivery to overcome subsurface physical remediation barriers AN - 1689589270; 2015-053630 AB - Waste discharges can result in contamination of the unsaturated zone (vadose zone) and the water saturated zone (aquifer). To restore the environment, many in situ remediation technologies rely on delivery of remedial reagents (amendments) to the subsurface that treat or help remove contamination. However, through numerous remediation applications, the remediation industry has recognized that a major issue with in situ remediation is the difficulty in achieving an even spatial distribution of remedial amendments to the contamination zones in an aquifer or in the vadose zone. Poor amendment delivery leads to ineffective environmental restoration because some of the contaminants are not contacted by the amendment and, therefore, not treated or removed. This challenge often leads to a failure in environment restoration. Researches are being conducted to develop enhanced remediation amendment delivery approaches using shear thinning fluids (STFs) for aquifer and aqueous foams for vadose zone. STFs have properties that promote more uniform delivery of injected solutions so that amendments are able to reach low-permeability zones in an aquifer. These low-permeability zones are most difficult to reach with conventional delivery approaches, yet often contain the high contamination concentrations. Foam delivery is targeted for distribution of aqueous, gaseous amendments, and remedial nano-particles to the vadose zone. Foam transport in the vadose zone provides significant advantages for lateral distribution of amendments compared to aqueous-phase transport, improves uniformity of distribution compared to both aqueous- and gas-phase injection, and enables delivery of a broader range of remediation amendments than can be delivered in the gas phase. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Zhong, L AU - Truex, M J AU - Oostrom, M AU - Szecsody, J E AU - Vermeul, V AU - Li, X AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract H34D EP - 06 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1689589270?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Enhanced+amendment+delivery+to+overcome+subsurface+physical+remediation+barriers&rft.au=Zhong%2C+L%3BTruex%2C+M+J%3BOostrom%2C+M%3BSzecsody%2C+J+E%3BVermeul%2C+V%3BLi%2C+X%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zhong&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-18 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Uranium bioreduction rates across scales during a biostimulation field experiments at Rifle, Colorado AN - 1686061527; 2015-049013 AB - Understanding temporal and spatial evolution of biogeochemical processes at different spatial scales is important (and challenging) for complex, heterogeneous subsurface systems. In this work, we aim to understand the dynamic propagation of uranium bioreduction rates across scales during a field biostimulation experiment at Rifle, Colorado. Acetate was injected as an electron donor to stimulate Fe-reducing bacteria (FeRB) and reduce mobile U(VI) to immobile U(IV). Bicarbonate was co-injected in half of the domain to mobilize sorbed U(VI) to investigate the impact of bicarbonate on the bioreduction of mobile U(VI). We use reactive transport modeling to integrate hydraulic conductivity and aqueous geochemistry data and to quantify bioreduction rates from the local grid block scale (approximately 0.25 meters) to the field scale (10s of meters). The modeling results showed good agreement with the geochemical measurements in the 17 monitoring wells. The good match indicates that the model has captured the dynamics of the system given our conceptual model of an inverse relationship between bioavailable oxidized Fe and permeability, providing constraints for the estimation of aqueous species, mineral precipitates, and biomass. Our results shows that although the local rates varied by more than two orders of magnitude with the biostimulation fronts propagating downstream, the maximum rates remained at the a few "hot spots" right at the down gradient of the injection wells where Fe(III), U(VI), and FeRB were at their maximum. These local rates dominated the 'field-scale' rates (10's of m2). At particular locations, the "hot moments" with maximum bioreduction rates positively corresponded to their distance from the wells. Although bicarbonate injection enhanced the local bioreduction rates near the injection wells by a maximum of 41.9%, its effect at the field-scale was limited to a maximum of 15.7%, with majority of the domain unaffected. The field-scale rates calculated in this work are 1-5 orders of magnitude lower than those reported for well-mixed reactors. The rates (R in mu mol/mg cell protein /day) are negatively linked to the length scales (L in meters) through the equation logR = -0.63 (super *) log(L) -2.20, which can be used for orders-of-magnitude estimation of uranium bioreduction rates given the explicit and implicit assumptions in the reactive transport model. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Salehikhoo, F AU - Bao, C AU - Li, Li AU - Wu, H AU - Williams, K H AU - Newcomer, Darrell AU - Long, Phil E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract H24A EP - 07 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1686061527?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Uranium+bioreduction+rates+across+scales+during+a+biostimulation+field+experiments+at+Rifle%2C+Colorado&rft.au=Salehikhoo%2C+F%3BBao%2C+C%3BLi%2C+Li%3BWu%2C+H%3BWilliams%2C+K+H%3BNewcomer%2C+Darrell%3BLong%2C+Phil+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Salehikhoo&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-05 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Process coupling between mineral transformation and U speciation in acid waste weathered sediments AN - 1686059536; 2015-050733 AB - The need for better prediction of contaminant transport motivates multi-faceted lines of inquiry to build a strong bridge between molecular- and field-scale information. At Hanford (WA), millions of liters of U-containing acidic wastes have been discharged to the soil. In order to predict reactive contaminant migration in the soil, it is necessary to determine the process coupling that occurs between mineral transformation and uranium speciation in these acid-uranium waste weathered sediments. Furthermore, we seek to establish linkages between molecular-scale contaminant speciation and meso-scale contaminant lability, release and reactive transport. Unweathered Hanford sediments were reacted for 365 days with acidic (pH 3), uranium bearing waste solutions in batch experiments. The presence and absence of phosphate in the waste as a control on uranium speciation was also investigated. At dedicated reaction times (7, 14, 30, 90, 180 and 365 days) solid and solution chemistry were analyzed to determine weathering trajectories and contaminant speciation. As observed by XRD and U-EXAFS, when present, PO4 exerted a strong controls over uranium speciation at all pH with the rapid precipitation of meta-ankoleite [K(UO2PO4).3H2O] and near complete immobilization of U. Over prolonged reaction time, however, small fractions of boltwoodite [K(UO2)(HSiO4).3H2O] increased in PO4-high U systems. When PO4 was excluded from the reaction systems, U speciation was indirectly controlled by the pH of the reactant solution and its effect on primary mineral weathering. In this case, U immobilization remained limited with 25 to 50% of the uranium precipitated as becquerelite ([Ca(UO2)6O4(OH)6.3H2O] or the K equivalent - compreignacite) and suspected boltwoodite. Differences between the systems are attributed to process coupling between acid chemistry and U geochemistry. Carbonate weathering contributed to rapidly buffer the pH to pH 7-8 in the absence of PO4 and to 6-7 in its presence, promoting subsequent silicate weathering that makes aqueous Si available for boltwoodite precipitation. Comparison with homogeneous nucleation experiments and thermodynamic calculations confirmed the strong phosphate control over U speciation and the multispeciation of U in its absence. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Perdrial, N AU - Kanematsu, M AU - Wang, G AU - Um, W AU - O'Day, P A AU - Chorover, J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract H41H EP - 1339 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1686059536?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Process+coupling+between+mineral+transformation+and+U+speciation+in+acid+waste+weathered+sediments&rft.au=Perdrial%2C+N%3BKanematsu%2C+M%3BWang%2C+G%3BUm%2C+W%3BO%27Day%2C+P+A%3BChorover%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Perdrial&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-05 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Uncertainty quantification in unsaturated flow models AN - 1686058554; 2015-049031 AB - Soil heterogeneity and data sparsity combine to render estimates of infiltration rates uncertain. We start by demonstrating that stochastic collocation techniques (and other strategies based on a spectral decomposition of state variables in the probability space) fail to outperform computationally expensive Monte Carlo solutions of the Richards equation with uncertain parameters. Instead, we present reduced complexity models for the probabilistic forecasting of infiltration rates in heterogeneous soils during surface runoff and/or flooding events. These models yield closed-form semi-analytical expressions for the single- and multi-point infiltration-rate PDFs (probability density functions), which quantify predictive uncertainty stemming from uncertainty in soil properties. These solutions enable us to investigate the relative importance of uncertainty in various hydraulic parameters and the effects of their cross-correlation. At early times, the infiltration-rate PDFs computed with the reduced complexity models are in close agreement with their counterparts obtained from a full infiltration model based on the Richards equation. At all times, the reduced complexity models provide conservative estimates of predictive uncertainty. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Tartakovsky, D M AU - Barajas-Solano, D A AU - Wang, Peng AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract H24F EP - 05 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1686058554?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Uncertainty+quantification+in+unsaturated+flow+models&rft.au=Tartakovsky%2C+D+M%3BBarajas-Solano%2C+D+A%3BWang%2C+Peng%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Tartakovsky&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-05 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dependence of stochastic predictions on the support scale of hydrological data AN - 1686057755; 2015-049004 AB - Stochastic analysis is commonly used to address uncertainty in the modeling of flow and transport in porous media. In the stochastic approach, the properties of porous media are treated as random functions with statistics obtained from field measurements. Several studies indicate that the spatial statistics of hydrological parameters (mean, variance and correlation function) depends on the scale of measurements or support scales, but this dependence is rarely considered in uncertainty quantification studies. In this work we propose a new approach for studying the scale dependence of stochastic predictions. We present a stochastic analysis of one-dimensional two-phase flow and two-dimensional single-phase flow in randomly heterogeneous porous media. First, we empirically obtain scale-dependent exponential correlation function of the intrinsic permeability. Second, we derive scale dependent leading moments for the considered single-phase and multiphase flows. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Tartakovsky, Alexandre M AU - Tartakovsky, Guzel D AU - Guadagnini, Alberto AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract H23O EP - 07 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1686057755?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Dependence+of+stochastic+predictions+on+the+support+scale+of+hydrological+data&rft.au=Tartakovsky%2C+Alexandre+M%3BTartakovsky%2C+Guzel+D%3BGuadagnini%2C+Alberto%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Tartakovsky&rft.aufirst=Alexandre&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-05 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multiscale hydrogeologic modeling with emphasis on hybrid multiscale methods AN - 1686057450; 2015-049012 AB - One of the most significant challenges facing hydrogeologic modelers is the disparity between those spatial and temporal scales at which porous media flow, transport and reaction processes can best be understood and quantified (e.g., microscopic to pore scales, seconds to days) and those at which practical model predictions are needed (e.g., plume to aquifer scales, years to centuries). While the multiscale nature of hydrogeologic problems is widely recognized, technological limitations in computational and characterization restrict most practical modeling efforts to fairly coarse representations of heterogeneous properties and processes. For some modern problems, the necessary level of simplification is such that model parameters may lose physical meaning and model predictive ability is questionable for any conditions other than those to which the model was calibrated. Recently, there has been broad interest across a wide range of scientific and engineering disciplines in simulation approaches that more rigorously account for the multiscale nature of systems of interest. This presentation will focus on a class of multiscale methods in which two or more models with different physics described at fundamentally different scales are directly coupled within a single simulation (hybrid multiscale methods). Very recently these methods have begun to be applied to groundwater flow and transport simulations, and we will present and discuss these applications in the broader context of other better-known multiscale modeling approaches. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Scheibe, Tim D AU - Murphy, Ellyn M AU - Chen, Xingyuan AU - Rice, A K AU - Carroll, K C AU - Palmer, Bruce AU - Tartakovsky, Alexandre M AU - Battiato, I AU - Wood, Brian D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract H24A EP - 05 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1686057450?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Multiscale+hydrogeologic+modeling+with+emphasis+on+hybrid+multiscale+methods&rft.au=Scheibe%2C+Tim+D%3BMurphy%2C+Ellyn+M%3BChen%2C+Xingyuan%3BRice%2C+A+K%3BCarroll%2C+K+C%3BPalmer%2C+Bruce%3BTartakovsky%2C+Alexandre+M%3BBattiato%2C+I%3BWood%2C+Brian+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Scheibe&rft.aufirst=Tim&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-05 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - InSAR observation of ground surface deformations associated to aquifer storage and recovery; a case study for future CO (sub 2) sequestration AN - 1686057030; 2015-046436 AB - Carbon Capture and Storage in subsurface has been suggested as a potential method to reduce the steep increase of exogenic CO2 in the atmosphere resulting from man-made industrial activities. Our site of Pendleton, OR is used as an analog to understand reservoirs' dynamic response for future CO2 sequestration. The CO2 sequestration simulation is carried out by injecting drainage water in the permeable basalt confined aquifer during winter and recovering it in summer. However, an extensive monitoring is necessary to measure the potential dilatation and subsidence of the ground during the injection and recovery. Two Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) techniques; Differential inSAR associated with the Small Baseline Subset (SBAS) Time Series approach and Permanent Scatterer inSAR (PSinSAR), are performed herein to assess the potential ground deformation associated to these injections and recoveries. The two inSAR techniques are applied on three different radar frequencies; ALOS PALSAR L-Band, Radarsat-2 C-Band and TerraSAR-X X-Band, which allow us to select the most adequate inSAR technique and Radar frequency for monitoring urban and semi-vegetated areas. The potential for sub-wavelength deformations in such type of terrains due to fluid recovery and injections, is explored through this study. Our discontinuous four-years of Line Of Sight (LOS) displacement observations, in areas with low decorrelation near the injection points, suggest that surface deformation associated with water injection and recovery follows an uplift and subsidence cycle with an amplitude of approximately 4 mm. While observed displacements are geographically correlated to injections and recoveries, they are temporally out-phased with these events due to the subsurface hydraulic conductivity. The sub-centimetric LOS displacements observed with Radar inSAR techniques in Pendleton after water injection in this basaltic confined aquifer suggest that the potential for CO2 sequestration is significant. Only DinSAR-SBAS analysis allows measuring the non-linear ground deformation. The use of L-Band yielded in limited capacities to measure sub-centimetric deformations due to the low vertical resolution even though coherence is high over vegetated areas. For the X-Band the coherence dropped quickly as a function of time between the acquisitions, limiting the DinSAR analysis over few limited high coherence areas rather then being able to cover large ones. Our analysis suggest that the Radarsat-2 C-band processed with DinSAR-SBAS is the most reliable for a long term monitoring in such environment because it is a good compromise between vertical resolution and coherence. Ground validation using microgravimetry and Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS), was performed by Bonneville et al., (2013) to confirm our inSAR observations results. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Normand, Jonathan AU - Heggy, Essam AU - Bonneville, Alain AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract H23B EP - 1245 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1686057030?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=InSAR+observation+of+ground+surface+deformations+associated+to+aquifer+storage+and+recovery%3B+a+case+study+for+future+CO+%28sub+2%29+sequestration&rft.au=Normand%2C+Jonathan%3BHeggy%2C+Essam%3BBonneville%2C+Alain%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Normand&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-05 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coupled X-ray microtomography imaging and computational fluid dynamics modeling for evaluation of wellbore cement fracture evolution AN - 1680755437; 2015-043293 AB - Composite Portland cement-basalt caprock cores with fractures, as well as neat Portland cement columns, were prepared to understand the geochemical and geomechanical effects on the integrity of wellbores with defects during geologic carbon sequestration. The samples were reacted with CO2-saturated groundwater at 50 degrees C and 10 MPa for 3 months under static conditions, while one cement-basalt core was subjected to mechanical stress at 2.7 MPa before the CO2 reaction. X-ray microtomography (XMT) provided three-dimensional (3-D) visualization of the opening and interconnection of cement fractures due to mechanical stress. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling further revealed that this stress led to the increase in fluid flow and hence permeability. After the CO2-reaction, XMT images displayed that calcium carbonate precipitation occurred extensively within the fractures in the cement matrix, but only partially along the fracture located at the cement-basalt interface. The 3-D visualization and CFD modeling also showed that the precipitation of calcium carbonate within the cement fractures after the CO2-reaction resulted in the opening of fractures due to crystallization-induced pressure, as well as disconnection of cement fractures and permeability decrease. The permeability calculated based on CFD modeling was in agreement with the experimentally determined permeability. The study also suggests that in deep geological reservoirs the geochemical and geomechanical processes have coupled effects on the fracture evolution and fluid flow. Finally, it is important to emphasize that XMT imaging coupled with CFD modeling represents a powerful tool to visualize and quantify fracture evolution and permeability in geologic materials and predict their behavior during geologic carbon sequestration or hydraulic fracturing for shale gas production and enhanced geothermal system. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Jung, Hunbok AU - Kabilan, Senthil AU - Carson, James AU - Kuprat, Andrew AU - Um, Wooyong AU - Carroll, K C AU - Bonneville, Alain AU - Fernandez, Carlos AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract H12C EP - 03 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1680755437?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Coupled+X-ray+microtomography+imaging+and+computational+fluid+dynamics+modeling+for+evaluation+of+wellbore+cement+fracture+evolution&rft.au=Jung%2C+Hunbok%3BKabilan%2C+Senthil%3BCarson%2C+James%3BKuprat%2C+Andrew%3BUm%2C+Wooyong%3BCarroll%2C+K+C%3BBonneville%2C+Alain%3BFernandez%2C+Carlos%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Jung&rft.aufirst=Hunbok&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Uncertainty quantification for evaluating impacts of caprock and reservoir properties on pressure buildup and ground surface displacement during geological CO2 sequestration AN - 1680754293; 2015-043289 AB - A series of numerical test cases reflecting broad and realistic ranges of geological formation properties was developed to systematically evaluate and compare the impacts of those properties on pressure build-up and ground surface displacement and therefore risks of induced seismicity during CO2 injection. A coupled hydro-geomechanical subsurface transport simulator, STOMP (Subsurface Transport over Multiple Phases), was adopted to simulate the migration of injected CO2 and geomechanical behaviors of the surrounding geological formations. A quasi-Monte Carlo sampling method was applied to efficiently sample a high-dimensional parameter space consisting of injection rate and 12 other parameters describing hydrogeological properties of subsurface formations, including porosity, permeability, entry pressure, pore-size index, Young's modulus, and Poisson's ratio for both reservoir and caprock. Generalized cross-validation and analysis of variance methods were used to quantitatively measure the significance of the 13 input parameters. For the investigated two-dimensional cases, reservoir porosity, permeability, and injection rate were found to be among the most significant factors affecting the geomechanical responses to the CO2 injection, such as injection pressure and ground surface uplift. We used a quadrature generalized linear model to build a reduced-order model that can estimate the geomechanical response instantly instead of running computationally expensive numerical simulations. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Lin, Guang AU - Bao, Jie AU - Hou, Zhangshuan AU - Fang, Yilin AU - Ren, Huiying AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract H11M EP - 08 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1680754293?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Uncertainty+quantification+for+evaluating+impacts+of+caprock+and+reservoir+properties+on+pressure+buildup+and+ground+surface+displacement+during+geological+CO2+sequestration&rft.au=Lin%2C+Guang%3BBao%2C+Jie%3BHou%2C+Zhangshuan%3BFang%2C+Yilin%3BRen%2C+Huiying%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lin&rft.aufirst=Guang&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of dissolved organic carbon in deep groundwater from the Witwatersrand Basin AN - 1664435131; 2015-025291 AB - This work describes the isolation, fractionation, and chemical analysis of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in deep groundwater in the Witwatersrand Basin, South Africa. The groundwater was accessed through mining boreholes in gold and diamond mine shafts. Filtered water samples were collected and preserved for later analysis. In some cases, the organic carbon was also collected on DAX-8 and XAD-4 adsorption resins in situ and then transported to the surface for removal, clean-up, and lyophilization. Solid state C-13 NMR analysis of that organic carbon was conducted. Organic compounds were also isolated from the water using solid phase extraction cartridges for later analysis by GC-MS. Absorbance, fluorescence, and HPLC analyses was were used to analyze the DOC in the filtered water samples. C-14 and C-13 isotopic analysis of the organic carbon was also conducted. Identifiable components of the DOC include both organic acids and amino acids. However, initial results indicate that the majority of the subsurface DOC is a complex heterogeneous mixture with an average molecular weight of approximately 1000 Da, although this DOC is less complex than that found in soils or surface water. Finally, we will discuss possible sources of the organic carbon and its biogeochemical cycling in the subsurface. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Pullin, M J AU - Hendrickson, S AU - Simon, P AU - Sherwood Lollar, B AU - Wilkie, K AU - Onstott, T C AU - Washton, N AU - Clewett, C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract B13C EP - 0516 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1664435131?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+dissolved+organic+carbon+in+deep+groundwater+from+the+Witwatersrand+Basin&rft.au=Pullin%2C+M+J%3BHendrickson%2C+S%3BSimon%2C+P%3BSherwood+Lollar%2C+B%3BWilkie%2C+K%3BOnstott%2C+T+C%3BWashton%2C+N%3BClewett%2C+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Pullin&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regional modeling of dust climatic impact over East Asia using WRF-Chem AN - 1660632359; 2015-018681 AB - East Asian dust can affect climate and hydrological cycle by modulating the radiation budget, microphysical properties of clouds, and surface albedo of the ground covered by snow or glacier. The Weather Research and Forecasting model with Chemistry (WRF-Chem) is used to simulate the impact of dust on regional climate and its seasonal variation over East Asia. Over the Tibetan Plateau, dust modifies the atmospheric heating profiles and cloud properties, leading to a decrease of snowfall and hence snow coverage on the ground. These results are from a reduction of surface albedo and increased surface temperature, further accelerating snowmelt. This impact is smallest in summer, when the snow coverage is relative low. Over the East China-Korea-Japan regions, dust modifies the atmospheric heating profiles and cloud properties. Dust induces significant changes in the magnitudes and diurnal variations of surface temperature. Cloud liquid water content is also significantly impacted, as reflected in changes of cloud forcing at the top of the atmosphere (TOA) with a maximum in summer. The dust impacts on spatial distribution of precipitation and wind circulation are also investigated, showing distinct seasonality of dust impact on the regional climate over East Asia. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Chen, S AU - Zhao, C AU - Qian, Y AU - Leung, L AU - Huang, J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract A41G EP - 0150 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1660632359?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Regional+modeling+of+dust+climatic+impact+over+East+Asia+using+WRF-Chem&rft.au=Chen%2C+S%3BZhao%2C+C%3BQian%2C+Y%3BLeung%2C+L%3BHuang%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-05 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stable isotope analysis of dissolved carbon species of Hot Lake, WA AN - 1660631992; 2015-020847 AB - Hot Lake is a hypersaline, meromictic lake in north-central Washington. The lake is epsomitic, with seasonably-variable salinity (.2 to 2 M magnesium sulfate) and produces carbonates and salt precipitates. The maximum depth of the lake is around 2.5 m, and below a thermocline there is intense solar heat retention in the monolimnion, often exceeding 50 degrees C. Despite these extreme and variable conditions, a microbial mat of up to 1.5 cm thick thrives annually in Hot Lake. The mat is widespread throughout the lake at water depths (during our experiments) ranging from 60 cm-140 cm. It is comprised of a variety of cyanobacteria along with other autotrophic and heterotrophic bacteria. These populations are visibly stratified with four consistent laminae displaying differences in bacterial pigmentation. Many of the layers contain carbonate species, but the full relationship between the mat and the carbonate crystallization is not known. We are studying the microbial interactions and carbon cycling of the mat communities, using stable isotope analysis of the mat and the lake water, both in situ and ex situ. We are exploring the incorporation and movement of carbon in the mat, spatially and temporally, to understand the fixation mechanisms and metabolic processes at play in this environment. This was done primarily using stable isotope ratio mass spectrometry. The focus of this work is on the study and measurement of dissolved organic and inorganic carbon using a GasBench and IRMS setup, following methods adapted from Lang et al. (2012). To account for the unique chemistry of Hot Lake, trials on the effects of oxidation conditions and salinity were done on lab-synthesized samples to compare to Hot Lake results. The majority of lake water analyses were done in conjunction with a stable isotope probing (SIP) experiment, completed during two 24-hour periods at Hot Lake in June and July of 2013. The SIP experiments included ex situ incubations (in separate glass containers on the shore of the lake immediately after removal from the lake) under various conditions (with labeled and unlabeled substrate, in the presence and absence of daylight, with and without undermat sediment) performed as both constant labeling and pulse-chase experiments. We incubated mat sections in lake water (from equivalent depth to the collected mat) spiked either with (super 13) C-labeled or natural abundance organic (acetate or glucose) or inorganic (bicarbonate) substrates. For those conditions in which inorganic carbon was added, we measured the DOC of the water in each condition to measure conversion from DIC to DOC and vice versa for consumption/conversion of DOC to DIC. By comparing the GasBench DIC/DOC results of these various conditions over the course of the experiments, we assessed carbon flow into and out of the mat around a daily cycle. The assessments were made using the delta (super 13) C values and data of the lake water samples from the IRMS in conjunction with bulk mat isotope values. Our data show significant interactions between DIC and DOC pools and allow us to estimate the daily balance between carbon fixation and remineralization mediated by the microbial mat. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Courtney, S AU - Moran, James AU - Cory, Alexandra B AU - Lindemann, Stephen R AU - Fredrickson, Jim AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract B13E EP - 0566 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1660631992?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Stable+isotope+analysis+of+dissolved+carbon+species+of+Hot+Lake%2C+WA&rft.au=Courtney%2C+S%3BMoran%2C+James%3BCory%2C+Alexandra+B%3BLindemann%2C+Stephen+R%3BFredrickson%2C+Jim%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Courtney&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-05 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Uncertainty in modeling dust mass balance and radiative forcing from size parameterization AN - 1660631945; 2015-018671 AB - This study examines the uncertainties in simulating mass balance and radiative forcing of mineral dust due to biases in the dust size parameterization. Simulations are conducted quasi-globally (180 degrees W-180 degrees E and 60 degrees S-70 degrees N) using the WRF-Chem model with three different approaches to represent dust size distribution (8-bin, 4-bin, and 3-mode). The biases in the 3-mode or 4-bin approaches against a relatively more accurate 8-bin approach in simulating dust mass balance and radiative forcing are identified. Compared to the 8-bin approach, the 4-bin approach simulates similar but coarser size distributions of dust particles in the atmosphere, while the 3-mode approach retains more fine dust particles but fewer coarse dust particles due to its prescribed sigma of each mode. Although the 3-mode approach yields up to 10 days longer dust mass lifetime over the remote oceanic regions than the 8-bin approach, the three size approaches produce similar dust mass lifetime (3.2 days to 3.5 days) on quasi-global average, reflecting that the global dust mass lifetime is mainly determined by the dust mass lifetime near the dust source regions. With the same global dust emission ( approximately 6000 Tg yr (super -1) ), the 8-bin approach produces a dust mass loading of 39 Tg, while the 4-bin and 3-mode approaches produce 3% (40.2 Tg) and 25% (49.1 Tg) higher dust mass loading, respectively. The difference in dust mass loading between the 8-bin approach and the 4-bin or 3-mode approaches has large spatial variations, with generally smaller relative difference (<10%) near the surface over the dust source regions. The three size approaches also result in significantly different dry and wet deposition fluxes and number concentrations of dust. The difference in dust aerosol optical depth (AOD) (a factor of 3) among the three size approaches is much larger than their difference (25%) in dust mass loading. Compared to the 8-bin approach, the 4-bin approach yields stronger dust absorptivity, while the 3-mode approach yields weaker dust absorptivity. Overall, on quasi-global average, the three size parameterizations result in a significant difference of a factor of 2 approximately 3 in dust surface cooling (-1.02 approximately -2.87 W m-2) and atmospheric warming (0.39 approximately 0.96 W m (super -2) ) and in a tremendous difference of a factor of approximately 10 in dust TOA cooling (-0.24 approximately -2.20 W m (super -2) ). An uncertainty of a factor of 2 is quantified in dust emission estimation due to the different size parameterizations. This study also highlights the uncertainties in modeling dust mass and number loading, deposition fluxes, and radiative forcing resulting from different size parameterizations, and motivates further investigation of the impact of size parameterizations on modeling dust impacts on air quality, climate, and ecosystem. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Zhao, Chun AU - Chen, S AU - Leung, Ruby AU - Qian, Yun AU - Kok, J F AU - Zaveri, Rahul A AU - Huang, J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract A41G EP - 0130 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1660631945?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Uncertainty+in+modeling+dust+mass+balance+and+radiative+forcing+from+size+parameterization&rft.au=Zhao%2C+Chun%3BChen%2C+S%3BLeung%2C+Ruby%3BQian%2C+Yun%3BKok%2C+J+F%3BZaveri%2C+Rahul+A%3BHuang%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zhao&rft.aufirst=Chun&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-05 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of surface morphology on the heterogeneous ice nucleation efficiency of hematite particles AN - 1660631693; 2015-018655 AB - Localized morphological features, such as cracks and edges, can enhance ice nucleation through droplet-freezing and water vapor deposition at these active sites. Herein, we have conducted a comprehensive investigation examining the role of surface milling upon ice nucleation for hematite particles as a model proxy of atmospheric dust particles. The immersion and deposition mode ice nucleation efficiencies of laboratory-generated monodispersed-cubic and milled hematite particles were measured using the AIDA (Aerosol Interaction and Dynamics in the Atmosphere) cloud chamber in the temperature (T) range between -28 degrees C and -82 degrees C. We observed that the immersion mode ice nucleation efficiency of milled hematite particles is almost an order of magnitude higher at -35.2 degrees C 2.5 X 10 (super 8) m (super -2) ). Deposition observations may be due to water uptake at particle surface and/or within bulk phase in subsaturated conditions. Applications of the fitted parameterization derived from AIDA measurements to modeling simulations with the single column version of the Community Atmospheric Model version 5 as well as microphysical characteristics of hematite surface are also presented. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Hiranuma, N AU - Hoffmann, Nadine AU - Steinke, Isabelle AU - Kiselev, Alexei A AU - Dreyer, Axel AU - Zhang, Kai AU - Kulkarni, Gourihar AU - Koop, Thomas AU - Moehler, O AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract A31J EP - 03 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 23:Geomorphology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1660631693?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Influence+of+surface+morphology+on+the+heterogeneous+ice+nucleation+efficiency+of+hematite+particles&rft.au=Hiranuma%2C+N%3BHoffmann%2C+Nadine%3BSteinke%2C+Isabelle%3BKiselev%2C+Alexei+A%3BDreyer%2C+Axel%3BZhang%2C+Kai%3BKulkarni%2C+Gourihar%3BKoop%2C+Thomas%3BMoehler%2C+O%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hiranuma&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-05 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dependence of radiative forcing on mineralogy in the community atmosphere model AN - 1660631409; 2015-018753 AB - The mineralogy of desert dust is important due to its effect on radiation, clouds and biogeochemical cycling of trace nutrients. This study presents the simulation of dust as a function of both mineral composition and size at the global scale using mineral soil maps. Externally mixed bulk mineral aerosols in the Community Atmosphere Model version 4 (CAM4) and internally mixed modal mineral aerosols in the Community Atmosphere Model version 5.1 (CAM5) embedded in the Community Earth System Model version 1.0.3 (CESM) coordinated by the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) are speciated into common mineral components in place of total dust. The simulations with mineralogy are compared to available observations of mineral atmospheric distribution and deposition along with observations of clear-sky radiative forcing efficiency. Based on these simulations, we estimate the all-sky direct radiative forcing at the top of the atmosphere as +0.04 and +0.10 Wm-2 for CAM4 and CAM5 simulations with mineralogy and compare this with simulations of dust with optimized optical properties, wet scavenging and particle size distribution in CAM4 and CAM5 of -0.05 and -0.11 Wm (super -2) , respectively. The ability to correctly include the mineralogy of dust in climate models is hindered by its spatial and temporal variability as well as insufficient global in-situ observations, incomplete and uncertain source mineralogies and the uncertainties associated with data retrieved from remote sensing methods. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Scanza, R AU - Mahowald, N M AU - Ghan, S J AU - Liu, X AU - Kok, J F AU - Zender, C S AU - Zhang, Y AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract A53J EP - 05 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1660631409?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Dependence+of+radiative+forcing+on+mineralogy+in+the+community+atmosphere+model&rft.au=Scanza%2C+R%3BMahowald%2C+N+M%3BGhan%2C+S+J%3BLiu%2C+X%3BKok%2C+J+F%3BZender%2C+C+S%3BZhang%2C+Y%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Scanza&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-05 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ice nucleating properties of bare and sulfuric acid coated mineral dust particles AN - 1660631391; 2015-018663 AB - Ice nucleation properties of different dust minerals coated with soluble material are not well understood. We determined the ice nucleation ability of bare and sulfuric acid coated mineral dust particles as a function of temperature (-25 to -35 deg C) and relative humidity with respect to water (RHw; 75 to 110%). We examined five different mineral dust species: Arizona Test Dust (ATD), illite, montmorillonite, quartz and kaolinite, which were dry dispersed, size-selected at 150 nm and exposed to sulfuric acid vapors. The condensed sulfuric acid per particle was estimated from the cloud condensation nuclei measurements. The fraction of dust particles nucleating ice at various temperatures and RHw was determined using ice nucleation chamber. At water-subsaturated conditions, compared to bare dust particles, we found that only coated dust particles showed a reduction of ice nucleation ability. At water-supersaturated conditions, however, we did not observe the effect of coating among all dust species, i.e., the bare and coated dust particles had similar nucleating properties. These results suggest that chemical reactions between the dust surface and sulfuric acid vapor play an important role, and also indicate that these reactions do not impair the ice nucleation properties of dust particles permanently. We further examined the patterns of X-rays diffracted from bare and coated dust particles, and we observed that coated dust particles were amorphous compared to bare particles which were crystalline. This concludes that crystal structures play an important role in ice nucleation. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Kulkarni, Gourihar AU - Sanders, C AU - Liu, X AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract A33C EP - 0237 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1660631391?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Ice+nucleating+properties+of+bare+and+sulfuric+acid+coated+mineral+dust+particles&rft.au=Kulkarni%2C+Gourihar%3BSanders%2C+C%3BLiu%2C+X%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kulkarni&rft.aufirst=Gourihar&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-05 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A unified multi-scale model for cross-scale evaluation and integration of hydrological and biogeochemical processes AN - 1656036293; 2015-015024 AB - Mathematical representations of hydrological and biogeochemical processes in soil, plant, aquatic, and atmospheric systems vary with scale. Process-rich models are typically used to describe hydrological and biogeochemical processes at the pore and small scales, while empirical, correlation approaches are often used at the watershed and regional scales. A major challenge for multi-scale modeling is that water flow, biogeochemical processes, and reactive transport are described using different physical laws and/or expressions at the different scales. For example, the flow is governed by the Navier-Stokes equations at the pore-scale in soils, by the Darcy law in soil columns and aquifer, and by the Navier-Stokes equations again in open water bodies (ponds, lake, river) and atmosphere surface layer. This research explores whether the physical laws at the different scales and in different physical domains can be unified to form a unified multi-scale model (UMSM) to systematically investigate the cross-scale, cross-domain behavior of fundamental processes at different scales. This presentation will discuss our research on the concept, mathematical equations, and numerical execution of the UMSM. Three-dimensional, multi-scale hydrological processes at the Disney Wilderness Preservation (DWP) site, Florida will be used as an example for demonstrating the application of the UMSM. In this research, the UMSM was used to simulate hydrological processes in rooting zones at the pore and small scales including water migration in soils under saturated and unsaturated conditions, root-induced hydrological redistribution, and role of rooting zone biogeochemical properties (e.g., root exudates and microbial mucilage) on water storage and wetting/draining. The small scale simulation results were used to estimate effective water retention properties in soil columns that were superimposed on the bulk soil water retention properties at the DWP site. The UMSM parameterized from smaller scale simulations were then used to simulate coupled flow and moisture migration in soils in saturated and unsaturated zones, surface and groundwater exchange, and surface water flow in streams and lakes at the DWP site under dynamic precipitation conditions. Laboratory measurements of soil hydrological and biogeochemical properties are used to parameterize the UMSM at the small scales, and field measurements are used to evaluate the UMSM. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Liu, Chongxuan AU - Yang, Xiaofang AU - Bailey, Vanessa L AU - Bond-Lamberty, B P AU - Hinkle, C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract B51B EP - 0274 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1656036293?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=A+unified+multi-scale+model+for+cross-scale+evaluation+and+integration+of+hydrological+and+biogeochemical+processes&rft.au=Liu%2C+Chongxuan%3BYang%2C+Xiaofang%3BBailey%2C+Vanessa+L%3BBond-Lamberty%2C+B+P%3BHinkle%2C+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Chongxuan&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-19 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Classical vs. non-classical pathways of mineral formation AN - 1645572604; 2015-006302 AB - Recent chemical analyses, microscopy studies and computer simulations suggest many minerals nucleate through aggregation of pre-nucleation clusters and grow by particle-mediated processes that involve amorphous or disordered precursors. Still other analyses, both experimental and computational, conclude that even simple mineral systems like calcium carbonate form via a barrier-free process of liquid-liquid separation, which is followed by dehydration of the ion-rich phase to form the solid products. However, careful measurements of calcite nucleation rates on a variety of ionized surfaces give results that are in complete agreement with the expectations of classical nucleation theory, in which clusters growing through ion-by-ion addition overcome a free energy barrier through the natural microscopic density fluctuations of the system. Here the challenge of integrating these seemingly disparate observations and analyses into a coherent picture of mineral formation is addressed by considering the energy barriers to calcite formation predicted by the classical theory and the changes in those barriers brought about by the introduction of interfaces and clusters, both stable and metastable. Results from a suite of in situ TEM, AFM, and optical experiments combined with simulations are used to illustrate the conclusions. The analyses show that the expected barrier to homogeneous calcite nucleation is prohibitive even at concentrations exceeding the solubility limit of amorphous calcium carbonate. However, as demonstrated by experiments on self-assembled monolayers, the introduction of surfaces that moderately decrease the interfacial energy associated with the forming nucleus can reduce the magnitude of the barrier to a level that is easily surmounted under typical laboratory conditions. In the absence of such surfaces, experiments that proceed by continually increasing supersaturation with time can easily by-pass direct nucleation of calcite and open up pathways through all other solid phases, as well as dense liquid phases associated with a spinodal. Simulations predict that this phase boundary lies within the region of the calcium carbonate-water phase diagram accessible at room temperature. AFM and TEM analyses of other mineral systems, particularly calcium phosphate, suggest cluster aggregation can play important roles both in modifying barriers and in biasing pathways towards or away from amorphous phases. Most importantly, analysis of the energetic changes shows that barriers are only reduced if the clusters are metastable relative to the free ions and that the reduction is naturally accompanied by a bias towards formation of amorphous precursors. Finally, results from in situ TEM observations of nanoparticle interactions are used to understand the mechanisms controlling particle-mediated growth following formation of primary nuclei of either crystalline phases or disordered precursors. Measurements of the particle speeds and accelerations are used to estimate the magnitude of the attractive potential that drives particle-particle aggregation. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - De Yoreo, James J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract V33G EP - 05 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 01A:General mineralogy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645572604?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Classical+vs.+non-classical+pathways+of+mineral+formation&rft.au=De+Yoreo%2C+James+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=De+Yoreo&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-15 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microscopic evidence for a dense liquid phase of calcium carbonate AN - 1645572098; 2015-006303 AB - In the classical sense, minerals are presumed to nucleate directly from solution by overcoming a size-dependent free energy barrier that scales as the ratio of the macroscopic mineral-water interfacial tension cubed to the square of the thermodynamic supersaturation. However, experimental observations of the early stages of calcium carbonate mineralization demonstrate that under certain conditions formation of the crystalline polymorphs is preceded by the apparently spontaneous appearance of nanoscopic clusters that aggregate to produce metastable amorphous phases. This aggregation-based pathway is seemingly at odds with classical expectations. This research (Wallace et al., in press, Science) uses computational approaches to characterize the thermodynamic and dynamic properties of hydrated calcium carbonate cluster species, which are thus far only loosely constrained by experimental investigations. Replica exchange molecular dynamics simulations are employed to probe the initial formation of the clusters and lattice gas simulations are used to explore the general behavior of clusters at the onset of mineralization. The results suggest the growth of carbonate clusters may indeed proceed in the absence of any significant thermodynamic barrier. Moreover, the dynamical properties of the clusters are consistent with those of a dense liquid phase. Coalescence and dehydration of the nanoscale droplets result in the formation of a phase whose structure is consistent with that of amorphous calcium carbonate. These findings indicate that a spontaneous liquid-liquid phase separation may occur within the range of supersaturations spanned by natural waters. The coexistence of the dense and dilute liquid phases is described by a liquid-liquid binodal that may express a lower critical point near ambient temperature. Though liquid-liquid separation in simulations of the CaCO (sub 3) -H (sub 2) O system is an unexpected result, it suggests a means of generating nano- and mesoscopic phases consistent with established phase separation mechanisms and experimental observations. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Wallace, A F AU - Hedges, L AU - Fernandez-Martinez, Alex AU - Raiteri, P AU - Gale, J D AU - Waychunas, G AU - Whitelam, S AU - Banfield, J F AU - De Yoreo, James J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract V33G EP - 06 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645572098?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Microscopic+evidence+for+a+dense+liquid+phase+of+calcium+carbonate&rft.au=Wallace%2C+A+F%3BHedges%2C+L%3BFernandez-Martinez%2C+Alex%3BRaiteri%2C+P%3BGale%2C+J+D%3BWaychunas%2C+G%3BWhitelam%2C+S%3BBanfield%2C+J+F%3BDe+Yoreo%2C+James+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wallace&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-15 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Forsterite carbonation in wet supercritical CO (sub 2) and sodium citrate AN - 1645572094; 2015-006358 AB - Geologic reservoirs for managing carbon emissions (mostly CO2) have expanded over the last 5 years to include unconventional formations including basalts and fractured shales. Recently, approximately 1000 metric tons of CO2 was injected into the Columbia River Basalt (CRB) in Eastern Washington as part of the Wallula Pilot Project, Big Sky Regional Carbon Partnership. Based on reservoir conditions, the injected CO2 is present as a supercritical fluid that dissolves into the formation water over time, and reacts with basalt components to form carbonate minerals. In this paper, we discuss mineral transformation reactions occurring when the forsterite (Mg2SiO4) is exposed to wet scCO2 in equilibrium with pure water and sodium citrate solutions. Forsterite was selected as it is an important olivine group mineral present in igneous and mafic rocks. Citrate was selected as it has been shown to enhance mineral dissolution and organic ligands are possible degradation products of the microbial communities present in the formational waters of the CRB. For the supercritical phase, transformation reactions were examined by in situ high pressure x-ray diffraction (HXRD) in the presence of supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) in contact with water and sodium citrate solutions at conditions relevant to carbon sequestration. Experimental results show close-to-complete dissolution of forsterite in contact with scCO2 equilibrated with pure water for 90 hours (90 bar and 50 degrees C). Under these conditions, thin films of water coated the mineral surface, providing a mechanism for silicate dissolution and transport of cations necessary for carbonate formation. The primary crystalline component initially detected with in situ HXRD was the hydrated magnesium carbonate, nesquehonite [MgCO3-3H2O], which reached a maximum concentration of 85 wt% within approximately 30 hours of the experiment before decreasing below detection limit. Detection of the anhydrous magnesium carbonate, magnesite [MgCO3], first occurred at 15 hours, but increased dramatically over the remaining course of the experiment to levels near 90 wt%. In contrast, the presence of sodium citrate solutions in the reactor could eliminate the formation of nesquehonite. Based on the in situ HXRD results, nesquehonite did not form during experiments having sodium citrate solutions of 0.1 M, and the forsterite carbonation proceeded directly to magnesite at a concentration 90 wt% after 80 hours. Testing with less or more concentrated sodium citrate solutions (0.01 or 0.5 M), the nesquehonite formation was not attenuated or overall carbonation rates were decreased, respectively. These results indicate the possibility of organic compounds to dissolve into wet supercritical CO2 fluids and impact the formation of hydrated crystalline carbonates (often considered as transitional phases in carbonation routes to more stable minerals). Likely processes under consideration include the formation of organic complexes with metal cations in the thin water film. These results also have implications for ex situ carbonation processes and highlight the possibility of utilizing organic additives to enhance mineral dissolution prior to carbonation. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Qiu, Lin AU - Schaef, Todd AU - Wang, Zhengrong AU - Miller, Q AU - McGrail, Pete AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract V41A EP - 2756 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645572094?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Forsterite+carbonation+in+wet+supercritical+CO+%28sub+2%29+and+sodium+citrate&rft.au=Qiu%2C+Lin%3BSchaef%2C+Todd%3BWang%2C+Zhengrong%3BMiller%2C+Q%3BMcGrail%2C+Pete%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Qiu&rft.aufirst=Lin&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-15 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Forsterite carbonation in wet-scCO2; dependence on adsorbed water concentration AN - 1645571283; 2015-006108 AB - Capturing and storing CO2 in basaltic formations is one of the most promising options for mitigating atmospheric CO2 emissions resulting from the burning of fossil fuels. These geologic reservoirs have high reactive potential for CO2-mineral trapping due to an abundance of divalent-cation containing silicates, such as forsterite (Mg2SiO4). Recent studies have shown that carbonation of these silicates under wet scCO2 conditions, e. g. encountered near a CO2 injection well, proceeds along a different pathway and is more effective than in CO2-saturated aqueous fluids. The presence of an adsorbed water film on the forsterite surface seems to be key to reactivity towards carbonation. In this study, we employed in situ high pressure IR spectroscopy to investigate the dependence of adsorbed water film thickness on forsterite carbonation chemistry. Post reaction ex situ SEM, TEM, TGA, XRD, and NMR measurements will also be discussed. Several IR titrations were performed of forsterite with water at 50 degrees C and 90 bar scCO2. Aliquots of water were titrated at 4-hour reaction-time increments. Once a desired total water concentration was reached, data were collected for about another 30 hours. One titration involved 10 additions, which corresponds to 6.8 monolayers of adsorbed water. Clearly, a carbonate was precipitating, and its spectral signature matched magnesite. Another titration involved 8 aliquots, or up to 4.4 monolayers of water. The integrated absorbance under the CO stretching bands of carbonate as a function of time after reaching 4.4 monolayers showed an increase and then a plateau. We are currently unsure of the identity of the carbonate that precipitated, but it could be an amorphous anhydrous phase or magnesite crystals with dimensions of only several nanometers. A third titration only involved 3 additions, or up to 1.6 monolayers of water. The integrated absorbance under the CO stretching bands of carbonate as a function of time after reaching 1.6 monolayers showed no change with time, and the spectra indicated only the presence of a highly structured water and bicarbonate film. From our cumulative experiments, we conclude that the reactivity of forsterite with wet-scCO2 can be divided into three adsorbed water concentration threshold regimes: (1) Up to approximately 2 monolayers, only a highly structured and low mobility chemisorbed water and bicarbonate film is present. (2) Between approximately 2 to approximately 5 monolayers, limited carbonation occurs then nearly stops. (3) Above approximately 5 monolayers, continuous carbonation occurs, and magnesite is the dominant product. The results of these studies provide important insights into metal silicate carbonation mechanisms in low water scCO2 environments. They reinforced the concept of a water threshold for carbonation to occur, which has also been demonstrated for steel corrosion in the presence of wet scCO2. These results will also constrain thermodynamic models and molecular dynamic simulations used to predict mineral trapping extent in basaltic host rocks. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Loring, John AU - Benezeth, P AU - Qafoku, Odeta AU - Thompson, Chris AU - Schaef, Todd AU - Bonneville, Alain AU - McGrail, Pete AU - Felmy, A AU - Rosso, Kevin AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract V31D EP - 04 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645571283?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Forsterite+carbonation+in+wet-scCO2%3B+dependence+on+adsorbed+water+concentration&rft.au=Loring%2C+John%3BBenezeth%2C+P%3BQafoku%2C+Odeta%3BThompson%2C+Chris%3BSchaef%2C+Todd%3BBonneville%2C+Alain%3BMcGrail%2C+Pete%3BFelmy%2C+A%3BRosso%2C+Kevin%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Loring&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-15 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Predicting impacts of CO (sub 2) intrusion into a confined sandstone aquifer AN - 1645571158; 2015-006368 AB - Deep subsurface storage and sequestration of CO2 has been identified as a potential mitigation technique for rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations. Sequestered CO2 represents a potential risk to overlying aquifers if the CO2 leaks from the deep storage reservoir. Experimental and modeling work is required to evaluate potential risks to groundwater quality and develop a systematic understanding on how CO2 leakage may cause important changes in aquifer chemistry and mineralogy by promoting dissolution/precipitation, adsorption/desorption, and redox reactions. Sediments from a confined sandstone aquifer, i.e., the High Plains aquifer in Kansas, were used to represent a generic sandstone aquifer. The sediments originated from different wells and depths within the central portion of the High Plains aquifer. A series of batch and column experiments were conducted to study time-dependent release of major, minor and trace elements when the sediments were exposed to the CO2 gas stream. Pre- and post-treatment solid phase characterization studies and wet chemical extractions have also been conducted or are underway. Major variables tested included reaction time (0-336 hours), CO2 flow rate (50 to 350 ml/min), brine concentration (0.1 and 1 M NaCl), and sediment type. Additional experiments are being conducted to determine the fate of contaminants, such as As, Pb and Cd, when they are present in the initial contacting solution. The XRD results showed that the <2 mm size-fraction of the High Plains aquifer sediments was abundant in quartz and feldspars, and also contained 15 to 20 wt% montmorillonite and up to 5 wt% micas. Some sediments contained up to 7 wt% calcite. Results from acid extractions demonstrated that the solid phase had appreciable amounts of potential contaminants (As, Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn). However, results from the batch and column experiments demonstrated that few trace elements were released into the aqueous phase and their concentrations were close to or below detection limits. The concentrations of other elements, such as Si, Ca, Ba, Mg, Mn, Sr, Na and K increased either instantaneously or followed nonlinear increasing trends with time, indicating that they were controlled by dissolution and/or desorption reactions. Reactive transport models were developed to interpret the concentration changes observed in experiments conducted with the High Plains aquifer sediments. The initial conceptual model was developed based on literature data collected from other sites and tests. Initial assumptions were that the release of major and trace element were caused mainly by the calcite dissolution and Ca-driven cation exchange reactions. The necessary changes made in the initial conceptual model reflect the site-specific nature of the impact of the leaking CO2 on the groundwater quality. The results from these investigations will provide useful information to support site selection, risk assessment, and public education efforts associated with geological CO2 storage and sequestration. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Shao, H AU - Qafoku, Nik P AU - Zheng, L AU - Lawter, Amanda AU - Wang, Guohui AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract V41A EP - 2766 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645571158?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Predicting+impacts+of+CO+%28sub+2%29+intrusion+into+a+confined+sandstone+aquifer&rft.au=Shao%2C+H%3BQafoku%2C+Nik+P%3BZheng%2C+L%3BLawter%2C+Amanda%3BWang%2C+Guohui%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Shao&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-15 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Investigation of plagioclase reactivity in wet supercritical CO (sub 2) by in situ infrared spectroscopy AN - 1645570993; 2015-006369 AB - Increasingly, CO2 capture and subsequent storage in deep geologic reservoirs is being implemented as a viable approach for reducing anthropogenic emissions of CO2 into the atmosphere. Several mechanisms may act to secure the injected CO2, including hydrodynamic confinement, dissolution into reservoir fluids, retention of CO2 as a separate phase in pore spaces, and carbonation of reservoir minerals. This latter mechanism is the most permanent, but it requires the presence of reactive minerals and potentially significant amounts of time for the reactions to proceed. Plagioclase feldspars are highly abundant in the earth's crust and are present in the caprocks and storage formations of many target reservoirs. Although the dissolution kinetics and carbonation reactions of feldspars have been well studied in the aqueous phase, comparatively little work has focused on plagioclase reactivity in the CO2-rich fluid at conditions relevant to geologic carbon sequestration. In this study, we used in situ infrared spectroscopy to investigate the carbonation potential of a powdered plagioclase sample similar to labradorite [(Ca,Na)(Al,Si)4O8] that had been isolated from a Hawaiian basalt. Experiments were carried out at 50 degrees C and 91 bar by circulating a stream of dry or wet supercritical CO2 (scCO2) past a sample overlayer deposited on the window of a high-pressure infrared flow cell. Water concentrations ranged from 0% to 125% relative to saturation, and transmission-mode absorbance spectra were recorded as a function of time for 24 hours. In experiments with excess water, a controlled temperature gradient was used to intentionally condense a film of liquid water on the overlayers' surfaces. No discernible reaction was detected when the samples were exposed to anhydrous scCO2. When water was added, a thin film of liquid-like water was observed on the samples' surfaces, and up to 0.3% of the plagioclase was converted to a carbonate phase. Calcite is the most likely reaction product, but minor amounts of sodium carbonate may also have been formed. The extent of reaction appears to be related to the thickness of the water film and is likely a consequence of the film's ability to solvate and transport ions in the vicinity of the mineral surface. Other features observed in the spectra correspond to plagioclase dissolution and precipitation of amorphous silica. Implications about the role of water in these reactions and the relative effectiveness of plagioclase feldspars for mineral trapping of CO2 will be discussed. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Thompson, Chris AU - Gauglitz, Katie AU - Loring, John AU - Schaef, Todd AU - Miller, Q AU - Johnson, K T AU - Wang, Zhengrong AU - Rosso, Kevin M AU - McGrail, Pete AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract V41A EP - 2767 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645570993?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Investigation+of+plagioclase+reactivity+in+wet+supercritical+CO+%28sub+2%29+by+in+situ+infrared+spectroscopy&rft.au=Thompson%2C+Chris%3BGauglitz%2C+Katie%3BLoring%2C+John%3BSchaef%2C+Todd%3BMiller%2C+Q%3BJohnson%2C+K+T%3BWang%2C+Zhengrong%3BRosso%2C+Kevin+M%3BMcGrail%2C+Pete%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Thompson&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-15 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experimental and modeling results on geochemical impacts of leaking CO (sub 2) from subsurface storage reservoirs to an unconfined oxidizing carbonate aquifer AN - 1645570296; 2015-006357 AB - Deep subsurface storage and sequestration of CO2 has been identified as a potential mitigation technique for rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations. Sequestered CO2 represents a potential risk to overlying aquifers if the CO2 leaks from the deep storage reservoir. Experimental and modeling work is required to evaluate risks to groundwater quality and develop a systematic understanding on how CO2 leakage may cause important changes in aquifer chemistry and mineralogy by promoting dissolution/precipitation, adsorption/desorption, and redox reactions. Solid materials (rocks and slightly weathered rocks) from an unconfined aquifer, i.e., the Edwards Aquifer in Texas, were used in this investigation. The experimental part consisted of: 1) wet chemical acid extractions (8 M HNO3 solution at 90 degrees C); 2) batch experiments conducted at low solid to solution ratios to study time-dependent releases of major, minor and trace elements during periodic or continuous exposure to CO2 gas; 3) hydraulically saturated column experiments conducted under continuous and stop-flow conditions using a CO2 gas saturated synthetic groundwater; 4) pre- and post-treatment solid phase characterization studies. Major variables tested included reaction time (0-336 hours), CO2 flow rate (50 to 350 ml/min), brine concentration (0.1 and 1 M NaCl), rock type and particle size fraction. We are currently investigating the solution composition effects (i.e., presence of contaminants in the initial solution) on the fate and behavior of potential contaminants (As, Pb and Cd) in these systems. Results from the solid phase characterization studies showed that the mineralogy of the Edwards aquifer materials was dominated by calcite. Quartz and montmorillonite were also present in some samples. Acid extractions confirmed that the solid phase had appreciable amounts of potential contaminants (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn). However, the results from the batch and column experiments demonstrated that these contaminants were released only sporadically into the aqueous phase and, in most cases, their concentrations were below instrument detection limits. The aqueous phase pH decreased by about two pH units immediately after CO2 gas exposure, but rebounded considerably after gas injection was stopped. Aqueous Ca concentration was controlled by calcite dissolution, while concentrations of other major cations (Mg, Sr, Ba, Na, and K) were controlled by dissolution and cation exchange reactions. Thermodynamic modeling of experimental results was done using Geochemist's Workbench to distinguish between equilibrium and kinetic processes related to major and minor ions and trace metals. Results indicated that kinetic processes, such as mineral dissolution/precipitation and/or adsorption may be important controls on trace metal concentrations. The parameters determined will be used for field scale simulations using STOMP-CO2-R, which simulates the multiphase flow of CO2 and water coupled with transport of aqueous species and their reactions with rock minerals. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Qafoku, Nik P AU - Bacon, Diana H AU - Shao, H AU - Lawter, Amanda AU - Wang, Guohui AU - Brown, Christopher F AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract V41A EP - 2755 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645570296?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Experimental+and+modeling+results+on+geochemical+impacts+of+leaking+CO+%28sub+2%29+from+subsurface+storage+reservoirs+to+an+unconfined+oxidizing+carbonate+aquifer&rft.au=Qafoku%2C+Nik+P%3BBacon%2C+Diana+H%3BShao%2C+H%3BLawter%2C+Amanda%3BWang%2C+Guohui%3BBrown%2C+Christopher+F%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Qafoku&rft.aufirst=Nik&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-15 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An energetic perspective on hydrological cycle changes in the Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project AN - 1642319238; 20635294 AB - Analysis of surface and atmospheric energy budget responses to CO sub(2) and solar forcings can be used to reveal mechanisms of change in the hydrological cycle. We apply this energetic perspective to output from 11 fully coupled atmosphere-ocean general circulation models simulating experiment G1 of the Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project (GeoMIP), which achieves top-of-atmosphere energy balance between an abrupt quadrupling of CO sub(2) from preindustrial levels (abrupt4xCO2) and uniform solar irradiance reduction. We divide the climate system response into a rapid adjustment, in which climate response is due to adjustment of the atmosphere and land surface on short time scales, and a feedback response, in which the climate response is predominantly due to feedback related to global mean temperature changes. Global mean temperature change is small in G1, so the feedback response is also small. G1 shows a smaller magnitude of land sensible heat flux rapid adjustment than in abrupt4xCO2 and a larger magnitude of latent heat flux adjustment, indicating a greater reduction of evaporation and less land temperature increase than abrupt4xCO2. The sum of surface flux changes in G1 is small, indicating little ocean heat uptake. Using an energetic perspective to assess precipitation changes, abrupt4xCO2 shows decreased mean evaporative moisture flux and increased moisture convergence, particularly over land. However, most changes in precipitation in G1 are in mean evaporative flux, suggesting that changes in mean circulation are small. Key Points * Geoengineering feedback response is small * Geoengineering can limit ocean heat uptake in a high CO2 climate * Annual mean circulation changes under geoengineering may be small JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres AU - Kravitz, Ben AU - Rasch, Philip J AU - Forster, Piers M AU - Andrews, Timothy AU - Cole, Jason NS AU - Irvine, Peter J AU - Ji, Duoying AU - Kristjansson, Jon Egill AU - Moore, John C AU - Muri, Helene AU - Niemeier, Ulrike AU - Robock, Alan AU - Singh, Balwinder AU - Tilmes, Simone AU - Watanabe, Shingo AU - Yoon, Jin-Ho AD - Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA. Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - 13 EP - 13,102 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD United Kingdom VL - 118 IS - 23 SN - 2169-897X, 2169-897X KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE); Aerospace & High Technology Database (AH) KW - Geoengineering KW - Land KW - Flux KW - Climate KW - Circulation KW - Feedback KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Adjustment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1642319238?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.atitle=An+energetic+perspective+on+hydrological+cycle+changes+in+the+Geoengineering+Model+Intercomparison+Project&rft.au=Kravitz%2C+Ben%3BRasch%2C+Philip+J%3BForster%2C+Piers+M%3BAndrews%2C+Timothy%3BCole%2C+Jason+NS%3BIrvine%2C+Peter+J%3BJi%2C+Duoying%3BKristjansson%2C+Jon+Egill%3BMoore%2C+John+C%3BMuri%2C+Helene%3BNiemeier%2C+Ulrike%3BRobock%2C+Alan%3BSingh%2C+Balwinder%3BTilmes%2C+Simone%3BWatanabe%2C+Shingo%3BYoon%2C+Jin-Ho&rft.aulast=Kravitz&rft.aufirst=Ben&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=118&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.issn=2169897X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2013JD020502 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-30 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2013JD020502 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A multi-scale approach to representing tundra permafrost dynamics in a coupled climate system model AN - 1566814992; 2014-076097 AB - Current generation Earth system models do not resolve the microtopographic features and sub-surface structural complexity of ice-wedge polygonal tundra in the Arctic. The high carbon density of permafrost soils in many polygonal tundra systems raises concern about the potential for strong positive feedbacks under conditions of radiatively-forced climate warming. The thermal and hydrologic responses of these systems to warming are thought to depend in part on existing drainage patterns and how those patterns might change as the active layer thickens, while the balance of net carbon flux occurring as carbon dioxide versus methane depends on biological, thermal, and hydrologic state. By explicitly representing microtopographic variability and sub-surface dynamics in a fine-scale model, informed by intensive site-scale measurements and laboratory experimentation, we are able to generate semi-empirical parameterizations that capture the mean behavior of energy, water, and carbon fluxes at scales amenable to application in an Earth system model. We demonstrate an example of this multi-scale approach merging observations and modeling for polygonal tundra near Barrow, Alaska, as a component of the Next Generation Ecosystem Experiment (NGEE) Arctic project. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Thornton, P E AU - Kumar, Jitendra AU - Painter, S L AU - Bisht, G AU - Hammond, G E AU - Mills, R T AU - Tang, G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - Abstract B31H EP - 05 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2013 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1566814992?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=A+multi-scale+approach+to+representing+tundra+permafrost+dynamics+in+a+coupled+climate+system+model&rft.au=Thornton%2C+P+E%3BKumar%2C+Jitendra%3BPainter%2C+S+L%3BBisht%2C+G%3BHammond%2C+G+E%3BMills%2C+R+T%3BTang%2C+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Thornton&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=2013&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2013 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-02 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrothermal Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass and Kinetics AN - 1554952288; 20510282 AB - The study focus was an examination of the hydrothermal pretreatment method applied to the lignocellulosic substrate, represented by the prairie cord grass, and comparison between different conditions based on the yield of glucose after enzymatic hydrolysis. The treatment did not involve any chemicals usage. Enzymatic hydrolysis was performed in order to examine the amount of glucose which was released from pretreated materials. The most efficient pretreatment conditions were at high temperature and relatively short reaction time (210°C and 10 min), after which the lignocellulose structure was the most available for enzymes actions which resulted in a pretreatment conversion rate of 97%. Temperature had a significant influence on glucose release during the hydrolysis, which was confirmed by the Michaelis-Menten and kinetic models. Kinetic models were used to fit the inhibitors and their conversion rates were related to temperature. JF - Journal of Sustainable Bioenergy Systems AU - Lei, Hanwu AU - Cybulska, Iwona AU - Julson, James AD - Bioproducts, Sciences and Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Richland, USA Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - Dec 2013 SP - 250 EP - 259 PB - Scientific Research Publishing VL - 3 IS - 4 SN - 2165-400X, 2165-400X KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Hydrothermal Pretreatment KW - Prairie Cord Grass KW - Enzymatic Hydrolysis KW - Kinetics KW - Chemicals KW - Grasses KW - Glucose KW - Temperature KW - Enzymes KW - Sustainable development KW - Biomass KW - Hydrolysis KW - Prairies KW - High temperature KW - Biofuels KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1554952288?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Sustainable+Bioenergy+Systems&rft.atitle=Hydrothermal+Pretreatment+of+Lignocellulosic+Biomass+and+Kinetics&rft.au=Lei%2C+Hanwu%3BCybulska%2C+Iwona%3BJulson%2C+James&rft.aulast=Lei&rft.aufirst=Hanwu&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=250&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Sustainable+Bioenergy+Systems&rft.issn=2165400X&rft_id=info:doi/10.4236%2Fjsbs.2013.34034 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chemicals; Prairies; Grasses; High temperature; Kinetics; Temperature; Glucose; Sustainable development; Enzymes; Biomass; Hydrolysis; Biofuels DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jsbs.2013.34034 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The long-term policy context for solar radiation management AN - 1468381609; 18822075 AB - We examine the potential role of "solar radiation management" or "sunlight reduction methods" (SRM) in limiting future climate change, focusing on the interplay between SRM deployment and mitigation in the context of uncertainty in climate response. We use a straightforward scenario analysis to show that the policy and physical context determine the potential need, amount, and timing of SRM. SRM techniques, along with a substantial emission reduction policy, would be needed to meet stated policy goals, such as limiting climate change to 2 degree C above pre-industrial levels, if the climate sensitivity is high. The SRM levels examined by current modeling studies are much higher than the levels required under an assumption of a consistent long-term policy. We introduce a degree-year metric, which quantifies the magnitude of SRM that would be needed to keep global temperatures under a given threshold. JF - Climatic Change AU - Smith, Steven J AU - Rasch, Philip J AD - Joint Global Change Research Institute, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 5825 University Research Court, Suite 3500, College Park, MD, 20740, USA ssmith@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - 487 EP - 497 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 121 IS - 3 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE); ANTE: Abstracts in New Technologies and Engineering (AN) KW - Constraining KW - Reduction KW - Policies KW - Management KW - Focusing KW - Climate change KW - Climate KW - Solar radiation KW - Yes:(AN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1468381609?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=The+long-term+policy+context+for+solar+radiation+management&rft.au=Smith%2C+Steven+J%3BRasch%2C+Philip+J&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=121&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=487&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10584-012-0577-3 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-05 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-012-0577-3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Uncertainty Analysis of Runoff Simulations and Parameter Identifiability in the Community Land Model: Evidence from MOPEX Basins AN - 1468341569; 18851642 AB - In this study, the authors applied version 4 of the Community Land Model (CLM4) integrated with an uncertainty quantification (UQ) framework to 20 selected watersheds from the Model Parameter Estimation Experiment (MOPEX) spanning a wide range of climate and site conditions to investigate the sensitivity of runoff simulations to major hydrologic parameters and to assess the fidelity of CLM4, as the land component of the Community Earth System Model (CESM), in capturing realistic hydrological responses. They found that for runoff simulations, the most significant parameters are those related to the subsurface runoff parameterizations. Soil texturerelated parameters and surface runoff parameters are of secondary significance. Moreover, climate and soil conditions play important roles in the parameter sensitivity. In general, water-limited hydrologic regime and finer soil texture result in stronger sensitivity of output variables, such as runoff and its surface and subsurface components, to the input parameters in CLM4. This study evaluated the parameter identifiability of hydrological parameters from streamflow observations at selected MOPEX basins and demonstrated the feasibility of parameter inversion/calibration for CLM4 to improve runoff simulations. The results suggest that in order to calibrate CLM4 hydrologic parameters, model reduction is needed to include only the identifiable parameters in the unknowns. With the reduced parameter set dimensionality, the inverse problem is less ill posed. JF - Journal of Hydrometeorology AU - Huang, Maoyi AU - Hou, Zhangshuan AU - Leung, LRuby AU - Ke, Yinghai AU - Liu, Ying AU - Fang, Zhufeng AU - Sun, Yu AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - Dec 2013 SP - 1754 EP - 1772 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 United States VL - 14 IS - 6 SN - 1525-755X, 1525-755X KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Runoff models KW - Surface Runoff KW - Hydrologic regime KW - Basins KW - Watersheds KW - Hydrologic Models KW - Calibrations KW - Surface runoff KW - Modelling KW - Climate models KW - Hydrologic analysis KW - Simulation Analysis KW - Climates KW - Subsurface runoff KW - Inversions KW - Stream flow KW - Hydrometeorology KW - Hydrometeorological research KW - Runoff KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - Q2 09171:Dynamics of lakes and rivers KW - M2 556.16:Runoff (556.16) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1468341569?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrometeorology&rft.atitle=Uncertainty+Analysis+of+Runoff+Simulations+and+Parameter+Identifiability+in+the+Community+Land+Model%3A+Evidence+from+MOPEX+Basins&rft.au=Huang%2C+Maoyi%3BHou%2C+Zhangshuan%3BLeung%2C+LRuby%3BKe%2C+Yinghai%3BLiu%2C+Ying%3BFang%2C+Zhufeng%3BSun%2C+Yu&rft.aulast=Huang&rft.aufirst=Maoyi&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1754&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrometeorology&rft.issn=1525755X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2FJHM-D-12-0138.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-12-01 N1 - Number of references - 61 N1 - Last updated - 2014-06-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Watersheds; Inversions; Runoff; Modelling; Stream flow; Runoff models; Hydrometeorological research; Hydrologic analysis; Climate models; Hydrologic regime; Surface runoff; Subsurface runoff; Hydrometeorology; Hydrologic Models; Surface Runoff; Calibrations; Simulation Analysis; Climates; Basins DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JHM-D-12-0138.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A systematic review of Bisphenol A "low dose" studies in the context of human exposure: a case for establishing standards for reporting "low-dose" effects of chemicals. AN - 1462189741; 23867546 AB - Human exposure to the chemical Bisphenol A is almost ubiquitous in surveyed industrialized societies. Structural features similar to estrogen confer the ability of Bisphenol A (BPA) to bind estrogen receptors, giving BPA membership in the group of environmental pollutants called endocrine disruptors. References by scientists, the media, political entities, and non-governmental organizations to many toxicity studies as "low dose" has led to the belief that exposure levels in these studies are similar to humans, implying that BPA is toxic to humans at current exposures. Through systematic, objective comparison of our current, and a previous compilation of the "low-dose" literature to multiple estimates of human external and internal exposure levels, we found that the "low-dose" moniker describes exposures covering 8-12 orders of magnitude, the majority (91-99% of exposures) being greater than the upper bound of human exposure in the general infant, child and adult U.S. Population. "low dose" is therefore a descriptor without specific meaning regarding human exposure. Where human exposure data are available, for BPA and other environmental chemicals, reference to toxicity study exposures by direct comparison to human exposure would be more informative, more objective, and less susceptible to misunderstanding. JF - Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association AU - Teeguarden, Justin G AU - Hanson-Drury, Sesha AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd., Richland, WA 99352, United States. Electronic address: jt@pnl.gov. Y1 - 2013/12// PY - 2013 DA - December 2013 SP - 935 EP - 948 VL - 62 KW - Benzhydryl Compounds KW - 0 KW - Endocrine Disruptors KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - Phenols KW - bisphenol A KW - MLT3645I99 KW - Index Medicus KW - the unmetabolized Bisphenol A molecule KW - National Toxicology Program KW - LOAEL KW - NHANES KW - Canadian Health Measures Survey KW - Lowest Observable Effect Level KW - WHO KW - the sum of BPA and its metabolites KW - Bisphenol A KW - Risk KW - World Health Organization KW - NTP KW - Low-dose KW - European Food Safety Authority KW - Exposure KW - EFSA KW - BPA KW - Total BPA KW - CHMS KW - National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey KW - Endocrine Disruptors -- toxicity KW - Animals KW - Environmental Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Mammals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Toxicity Tests -- methods KW - Child KW - Endocrine Disruptors -- administration & dosage KW - Toxicity Tests -- standards KW - Phenols -- administration & dosage KW - Benzhydryl Compounds -- toxicity KW - Environmental Exposure -- analysis KW - Phenols -- toxicity KW - Benzhydryl Compounds -- administration & dosage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1462189741?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food+and+chemical+toxicology+%3A+an+international+journal+published+for+the+British+Industrial+Biological+Research+Association&rft.atitle=A+systematic+review+of+Bisphenol+A+%22low+dose%22+studies+in+the+context+of+human+exposure%3A+a+case+for+establishing+standards+for+reporting+%22low-dose%22+effects+of+chemicals.&rft.au=Teeguarden%2C+Justin+G%3BHanson-Drury%2C+Sesha&rft.aulast=Teeguarden&rft.aufirst=Justin&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=&rft.spage=935&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Food+and+chemical+toxicology+%3A+an+international+journal+published+for+the+British+Industrial+Biological+Research+Association&rft.issn=1873-6351&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.fct.2013.07.007 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-05-06 N1 - Date created - 2013-11-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2013.07.007 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparative Phosphoproteomics Reveals Components of Host Cell Invasion and Post-transcriptional Regulation During Francisella Infection AN - 1551614085; 20362857 AB - Francisella tularensis is a facultative intracellular bacterium that causes the deadly disease tularemia. Most evidence suggests that Francisella is not well recognized by the innate immune system that normally leads to cytokine expression and cell death. In previous work, we identified new bacterial factors that were hyper-cytotoxic to macrophages. Four of the identified hyper-cytotoxic strains (lpcC, manB, manC, and kdtA) had an impaired lipopolysaccharide (LPS) synthesis and produced an exposed lipid A lacking the O-antigen. These mutants were not only hyper-cytotoxic but also were phagocytosed at much higher rates compared with the wild type parent strain. To elucidate the cellular signaling underlying this enhanced phagocytosis and cell death, we performed a large-scale comparative phosphoproteomic analysis of cells infected with wild-type and delta-lpcC F. novicida. Our data suggest that not only actin but also intermediate filaments and microtubules are important for F. novicida entry into the host cells. In addition, we observed differential phosphorylation of tristetraprolin, a key component of the mRNA-degrading machinery that controls the expression of a variety of genes including many cytokines. Infection with the delta-lpcC mutant induced the hyper-phosphorylation and inhibition of tristetraprolin, leading to the production of cytokines such as IL-1beta and TNF-alpha that may kill the host cells by triggering apoptosis. Together, our data provide new insights for Francisella invasion and a post-transcriptional mechanism that prevents the expression of host immune response factors that control infection by this pathogen. JF - Molecular and Cellular Proteomics AU - Nakayasu, Ernesto S AU - Tempel, Rebecca AU - Cambronne, Xiaolu A AU - Petyuk, Vladislav A AU - Jones, Marcus B AU - Gritsenko, Marina A AU - Monroe, Matthew E AU - Yang, Feng AU - Smith, Richard D AU - Adkins, Joshua N AU - Heffron, Fred AD - From the Biological Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington; , tempelr@ohsu.edu Y1 - 2013/11/22/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 22 SP - 3297 EP - 3309 PB - American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 9650 Rockville Pike Bethesda MD 20814-3996 United States VL - 12 IS - 11 SN - 1535-9476, 1535-9476 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Macrophages KW - Microtubules KW - Apoptosis KW - Data processing KW - Interleukin 1 KW - Francisella tularensis KW - Pathogens KW - Infection KW - Tularemia KW - Phosphorylation KW - Cytokines KW - Lipopolysaccharides KW - Lipid A KW - Actin KW - Tumor necrosis factor- alpha KW - Immune response KW - Intermediate filaments KW - proteomics KW - Phagocytosis KW - Post-transcription KW - J 02350:Immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1551614085?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+and+Cellular+Proteomics&rft.atitle=Comparative+Phosphoproteomics+Reveals+Components+of+Host+Cell+Invasion+and+Post-transcriptional+Regulation+During+Francisella+Infection&rft.au=Nakayasu%2C+Ernesto+S%3BTempel%2C+Rebecca%3BCambronne%2C+Xiaolu+A%3BPetyuk%2C+Vladislav+A%3BJones%2C+Marcus+B%3BGritsenko%2C+Marina+A%3BMonroe%2C+Matthew+E%3BYang%2C+Feng%3BSmith%2C+Richard+D%3BAdkins%2C+Joshua+N%3BHeffron%2C+Fred&rft.aulast=Nakayasu&rft.aufirst=Ernesto&rft.date=2013-11-22&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=3297&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+and+Cellular+Proteomics&rft.issn=15359476&rft_id=info:doi/10.1074%2Fmcp.M113.029850 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Macrophages; Microtubules; Data processing; Apoptosis; Interleukin 1; Pathogens; Infection; Tularemia; Phosphorylation; Lipopolysaccharides; Cytokines; Actin; Lipid A; proteomics; Intermediate filaments; Immune response; Tumor necrosis factor- alpha; Post-transcription; Phagocytosis; Francisella tularensis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/mcp.M113.029850 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - A General Proteomics Approach for Site-Specific Quantification of Cysteine Redox Modifications and Its Application for Profiling S-Glutathionylation in Macrophages T2 - 20th Annual Meeting of the Society for Free Radical Biology and Medicine (SFRBM 2013) AN - 1490522049; 6248855 JF - 20th Annual Meeting of the Society for Free Radical Biology and Medicine (SFRBM 2013) AU - Qian, Wei-Jun Y1 - 2013/11/20/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 20 KW - Redox reactions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1490522049?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=20th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Free+Radical+Biology+and+Medicine+%28SFRBM+2013%29&rft.atitle=A+General+Proteomics+Approach+for+Site-Specific+Quantification+of+Cysteine+Redox+Modifications+and+Its+Application+for+Profiling+S-Glutathionylation+in+Macrophages&rft.au=Qian%2C+Wei-Jun&rft.aulast=Qian&rft.aufirst=Wei-Jun&rft.date=2013-11-20&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=20th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Free+Radical+Biology+and+Medicine+%28SFRBM+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sfrbm.org/pdf/SFRBM2013-OralPresentations.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - One-way coupling of an integrated assessment model and a water resources model: evaluation and implications of future changes over the US Midwest AN - 1475555951; 18884939 AB - An integrated model is being developed to advance our understanding of the interactions between human activities, terrestrial system and water cycle, and to evaluate how system interactions will be affected by a changing climate at the regional scale. As a first step towards that goal, a global integrated assessment model, which includes a water-demand model driven by socioeconomics at regional and global scales, is coupled in a one-way fashion with a land surface hydrology-routing-water resources management model. To reconcile the scale differences between the models, a spatial and temporal disaggregation approach is developed to downscale the annual regional water demand simulations into a daily time step and subbasin representation. The model demonstrates reasonable ability to represent the historical flow regulation and water supply over the US Midwest (Missouri, Upper Mississippi, and Ohio river basins). Implications for future flow regulation, water supply, and supply deficit are investigated using climate change projections with the B1 and A2 emission scenarios, which affect both natural flow and water demand. Although natural flow is projected to increase under climate change in both the B1 and A2 scenarios, there is larger uncertainty in the changes of the regulated flow. Over the Ohio and Upper Mississippi river basins, changes in flow regulation are driven by the change in natural flow due to the limited storage capacity. However, both changes in flow and demand have effects on the Missouri River Basin summer regulated flow. Changes in demand are driven by socioeconomic factors, energy and food demands, global markets and prices with rainfed crop demand handled directly by the land surface modeling component. Even though most of the changes in supply deficit (unmet demand) and the actual supply (met demand) are driven primarily by the change in natural flow over the entire region, the integrated framework shows that supply deficit over the Missouri River Basin sees an increasing sensitivity to changes in demand in future periods. It further shows that the supply deficit is six times as sensitive as the actual supply to changes in flow and demand. A spatial analysis of the supply deficit demonstrates vulnerabilities of urban areas located along mainstream with limited storage. JF - Hydrology and Earth System Sciences AU - Voisin, N AU - Liu, L AU - Hejazi, M AU - Tesfa, T AU - Li, H AU - Huang, M AU - Liu, Y AU - Leung, L R AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA Y1 - 2013/11/18/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 18 SP - 4555 EP - 4575 PB - European Geosciences Union, c/o E.O.S.T. Strasbourg Cedex 67084 France VL - 17 IS - 11 SN - 1027-5606, 1027-5606 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - River Basins KW - Resource management KW - Regulated Rivers KW - Water Supply KW - Socioeconomics KW - Water resources KW - Man-induced effects KW - Freshwater KW - Water supplies KW - Crops KW - Hydrologic Models KW - USA, Missouri KW - Hydrology KW - River Flow KW - Vulnerability KW - Modelling KW - Sensitivity KW - USA, Missouri R. KW - Water demand KW - River basins KW - Hydrologic cycle KW - Storage KW - Regulated Flow KW - Numerical simulations KW - Natural Flow KW - Climate change KW - USA, Kentucky, Ohio R. basin KW - Assessments KW - Urban areas KW - Hydrologic models KW - Climate models KW - USA, Mississippi R. basin KW - Water supply KW - Water cycle KW - Energy KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - SW 5080:Evaluation, processing and publication KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - Q2 09171:Dynamics of lakes and rivers UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1475555951?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hydrology+and+Earth+System+Sciences&rft.atitle=One-way+coupling+of+an+integrated+assessment+model+and+a+water+resources+model%3A+evaluation+and+implications+of+future+changes+over+the+US+Midwest&rft.au=Voisin%2C+N%3BLiu%2C+L%3BHejazi%2C+M%3BTesfa%2C+T%3BLi%2C+H%3BHuang%2C+M%3BLiu%2C+Y%3BLeung%2C+L+R&rft.aulast=Voisin&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2013-11-18&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=4555&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hydrology+and+Earth+System+Sciences&rft.issn=10275606&rft_id=info:doi/10.5194%2Fhess-17-4555-2013 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Resource management; Climate change; Man-induced effects; Water resources; River basins; Vulnerability; Hydrologic cycle; Modelling; Water supply; Water cycle; Climate models; Numerical simulations; Hydrologic models; Sensitivity; Water demand; Socioeconomics; Water supplies; Crops; Storage; Energy; Hydrology; Urban areas; River Basins; Regulated Flow; Hydrologic Models; Assessments; Regulated Rivers; Natural Flow; Water Supply; River Flow; USA, Missouri R.; USA, Missouri; USA, Kentucky, Ohio R. basin; USA, Mississippi R. basin; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-4555-2013 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - GIM super(3)E: condition-specific models of cellular metabolism developed from metabolomics and expression data AN - 1492611398; 18891061 AB - Motivation: Genome-scale metabolic models have been used extensively to investigate alterations in cellular metabolism. The accuracy of these models to represent cellular metabolism in specific conditions has been improved by constraining the model with omics data sources. However, few practical methods for integrating metabolomics data with other omics data sources into genome-scale models of metabolism have been developed.Results: GIM super(3)E (Gene Inactivation Moderated by Metabolism, Metabolomics and Expression) is an algorithm that enables the development of condition-specific models based on an objective function, transcriptomics and cellular metabolomics data. GIM super(3)E establishes metabolite use requirements with metabolomics data, uses model-paired transcriptomics data to find experimentally supported solutions and provides calculations of the turnover (production/consumption) flux of metabolites. GIM super(3)E was used to investigate the effects of integrating additional omics datasets to create increasingly constrained solution spaces of Salmonella Typhimurium metabolism during growth in both rich and virulence media. This integration proved to be informative and resulted in a requirement of additional active reactions (12 in each case) or metabolites (26 or 29, respectively). The addition of constraints from transcriptomics also impacted the allowed solution space, and the cellular metabolites with turnover fluxes that were necessarily altered by the change in conditions increased from 118 to 271 of 1397. JF - Bioinformatics AU - Schmidt, Brian J AU - Ebrahim, Ali AU - Metz, Thomas O AU - Adkins, Joshua N AU - Palsson, Bernhard Oe AU - Hyduke, Daniel R AD - super(1)Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0412, USA and super(2)Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA Y1 - 2013/11/15/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 15 SP - 2900 EP - 2908 PB - Oxford University Press, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP United Kingdom VL - 29 IS - 22 SN - 1367-4803, 1367-4803 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Genomes KW - Virulence KW - Integration KW - Data processing KW - Algorithms KW - Metabolites KW - Bioinformatics KW - Salmonella typhimurium KW - metabolomics KW - Internet KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1492611398?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=GIM+super%283%29E%3A+condition-specific+models+of+cellular+metabolism+developed+from+metabolomics+and+expression+data&rft.au=Schmidt%2C+Brian+J%3BEbrahim%2C+Ali%3BMetz%2C+Thomas+O%3BAdkins%2C+Joshua+N%3BPalsson%2C+Bernhard+Oe%3BHyduke%2C+Daniel+R&rft.aulast=Schmidt&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft.date=2013-11-15&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=22&rft.spage=2900&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioinformatics&rft.issn=13674803&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Fbioinformatics%2Fbtt493 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Virulence; Genomes; Integration; Data processing; Algorithms; Metabolites; Bioinformatics; Internet; metabolomics; Salmonella typhimurium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btt493 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reductive dissolution of goethite and hematite by reduced flavins AN - 1464894074; 2013-091181 AB - The abiotic reductive dissolution of goethite and hematite by the reduced forms of flavin mononucleotide (FMNH (sub 2) ) and riboflavin (RBFH (sub 2) ), electron shuttles secreted by the dissimilatory iron-reducing bacterium Shewanella, was investigated under stringent anaerobic conditions. At pH 7.0, the reductive dissolution rates of goethite were 3.5mu moles m (super -2) h (super -1) by 50mu M FMNH (sub 2) and 0.27mu molesm (super -2) h (super -1) by 50mu M RBFH (sub 2) ; the reductive dissolution rates of hematite were 29mu molesm (super -2) h (super -1) by 50mu M FMNH (sub 2) and 151mu molesm (super -2) h (super -1) by 50mu M RBFH (sub 2) . The extent of reaction was limited by the thermodynamic driving force at circumneutral pH. Both the initial reaction rate and reaction extent increased with decreasing pH. On a unit surface area basis, goethite was less reactive than hematite between pH 4.0 and 7.0. AH (sub 2) DS, the reduced form of the well-studied synthetic electron shuttle anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate, yielded higher rates than FMNH (sub 2) under most reaction conditions. Two additional model compounds, methyl viologen and benzyl viologen, were investigated under similar reaction conditions to explore the relationship between reaction rate and thermodynamic properties. Relevant kinetic data from the literature were also included in the analysis to span a large range in half-cell potentials. Other conditions being equal, the surface area normalized initial reaction rate (r (sub a) ) increased as the redox potential of the reductant became more negative. A non-linear relationship was observed between logr (sub a) and the redox potential for eight reductants at pH 7.0. When pH and reductant concentration were fixed, logr (sub a) was positively correlated to the redox potential of four Fe(III) oxides over a wide pH range, following a non-linear relationship as well. Abstract Copyright (2013) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Shi, Zhi AU - Zachara, John M AU - Wang, Zheming AU - Shi, Liang AU - Fredrickson, Jim K Y1 - 2013/11/15/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 15 SP - 139 EP - 154 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 121 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - goethite KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - isotopes KW - Shewanella KW - remediation KW - environmental management KW - radioactive isotopes KW - chemical reactions KW - hematite KW - flavins KW - oxides KW - reduction KW - thermodynamic properties KW - water pollution KW - stoichiometry KW - kinetics KW - synthetic materials KW - pH KW - Eh KW - pollutants KW - pigments KW - biochemistry KW - pollution KW - solubility KW - bioremediation KW - molecular structure KW - biogenic processes KW - soil pollution KW - bacteria KW - crystal chemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1464894074?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Reductive+dissolution+of+goethite+and+hematite+by+reduced+flavins&rft.au=Shi%2C+Zhi%3BZachara%2C+John+M%3BWang%2C+Zheming%3BShi%2C+Liang%3BFredrickson%2C+Jim+K&rft.aulast=Shi&rft.aufirst=Zhi&rft.date=2013-11-15&rft.volume=121&rft.issue=&rft.spage=139&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2013.05.039 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 72 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2013-12-05 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biochemistry; biogenic processes; bioremediation; chemical reactions; crystal chemistry; Eh; environmental management; flavins; goethite; hematite; isotopes; kinetics; molecular structure; oxides; pH; pigments; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; reduction; remediation; Shewanella; soil pollution; solubility; stoichiometry; synthetic materials; thermodynamic properties; water pollution; X-ray diffraction data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2013.05.039 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interplay between two-phase and solid solution reactions in high voltage spinel cathode material for lithium ion batteries AN - 1448752765; 18681602 AB - Lithium ion batteries (LIBs) are attracting intensive interests worldwide because of their potential applications in transportation electrification and utility grid. The intercalation compounds used in LIBs electrochemically react with Li super(+) ions via single or multiple phase transitions depending on the nature of the material structure as well as the synthesis and operating conditions. For LiNi sub(0.5)Mn sub(1.5)O sub(4) high voltage spinel, a promising candidate positive electrode material for LIBs, there are three spinel-structured phases sequentially appeared through two successive two-phase reactions during the delithiation/lithiation processes. Here we demonstrate, experimentally and theoretically, that through elemental substitution, the solid solution ranges for both the first and second phases are significantly extended during the electrochemical charge-discharge process. This type of structural changes with more solid solution regions facilitate fast Li super(+) diffusion by reducing the number of phase boundaries that Li super(+) ions have to overcome and resulted in less shrinkage of the unit cells at the end of charge process. This work unravels the fundamental interactions between structural and electrochemical properties by using spinel as the platform, which may be widely adopted to explain or tailor the properties of materials for energy storage and conversion. JF - Journal of Power Sources AU - Xiao, J AU - Yu, X AU - Zheng, J AU - Zhou, Y AU - Gao, F AU - Chen, X AU - Bai, J AU - Yang, X-Q AU - Zhang, J-G AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA, jie.xiao@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2013/11/15/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 15 SP - 736 EP - 741 PB - Elesevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 242 SN - 0378-7753, 0378-7753 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Storage KW - Ions KW - Transportation KW - Batteries KW - Energy KW - Electrodes KW - Diffusion KW - Electrochemistry KW - Lithium KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1448752765?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.atitle=Interplay+between+two-phase+and+solid+solution+reactions+in+high+voltage+spinel+cathode+material+for+lithium+ion+batteries&rft.au=Xiao%2C+J%3BYu%2C+X%3BZheng%2C+J%3BZhou%2C+Y%3BGao%2C+F%3BChen%2C+X%3BBai%2C+J%3BYang%2C+X-Q%3BZhang%2C+J-G&rft.aulast=Xiao&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2013-11-15&rft.volume=242&rft.issue=&rft.spage=736&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.issn=03787753&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Storage; Ions; Transportation; Batteries; Energy; Electrodes; Diffusion; Electrochemistry; Lithium ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Proposed Method for Estimating Failure Rates of Degraded Passive Components in the NRC Significance Determination Process AN - 1671615125; 20460495 AB - The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) uses the Significance Determination Process (SDP) to assess the significance of inspection findings at operating nuclear power plants. To the extent possible this process incorporates risk insights, which is practical when the inspection findings can be modeled in terms of the increased quantitative unavailability of structures, systems and components, or of increased initiating event frequencies. A set of risk tools supports the SDP, including the Standardized Plant Analysis Risk (SPAR) models which are plant-specific probabilistic risk assessments (PRAs). A SPAR model is the basis for calculating the core damage frequency (CDF) conditional on the circumstances uncovered by an inspection, and this then provides the means of estimating the incremental CDF ([Delta]CDF) due to the condition. The [Delta]CDF is the basis for categorizing the significance of the finding under the SDP. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Unwin, Stephen D AU - Johnson, Kenneth I AU - Ivans, William J AU - Lowry, Peter P AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 3200 Q Street, PO Box 999, K9-69, Richland, WA 99352 stephen.unwin@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2013/11/14/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 14 SP - 2049 EP - 2050 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 109 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Nuclear power plants KW - Regulatory agencies KW - Probabilistic risk assessment KW - Transaction processing KW - Failure rates KW - Estimating KW - Passive components KW - Inspection UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1671615125?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=A+Proposed+Method+for+Estimating+Failure+Rates+of+Degraded+Passive+Components+in+the+NRC+Significance+Determination+Process&rft.au=Unwin%2C+Stephen+D%3BJohnson%2C+Kenneth+I%3BIvans%2C+William+J%3BLowry%2C+Peter+P&rft.aulast=Unwin&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=2013-11-14&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2049&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Advances in On-Line Spectroscopic Monitoring for Weak Acid Based Nuclear Fuel Reprocessing Schemes AN - 1567092009; 20460043 AB - Significant effort has been focused on the back end of the nuclear fuel cycle including treatment and reuse of irradiated fuel. Solvent extraction reprocessing schemes that are currently being developed contain various steps, with each one tailored to the separation of specific radionuclides. In these systems, acid strength/pH is of critical importance for process quality and control, as it affects speciation of the target analytes and thus their extraction efficiency and selectivity. In a nuclear fuel reprocessing facility, classic Potentiometrie pH measurements are not suitable for obtaining real-time continuous data due to their requirements of frequent calibration and maintenance and poor long-term stability in aggressive chemical and radiation environments. To this end, research is being performed on alternative methods that are compatible with real-time monitoring of dynamic separation processes and utilize on-line spectroscopic monitoring to quantify acid strength/pH in the reprocessing streams. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Casella, Amanda AU - Hylden, Laura AU - Valerio, Emily AU - Peterson, James AU - Lumetta, Gregg AU - Levitskaia, Tatiana AU - Bryan, Sam AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory: P.O. Box 999, Richland WA, 99352 amanda.casella@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2013/11/14/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 14 SP - 387 EP - 388 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 109 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Separation KW - Solvent extraction KW - Real time KW - On-line systems KW - Nuclear fuel reprocessing KW - Spectroscopy KW - Reprocessing KW - pH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1567092009?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Advances+in+On-Line+Spectroscopic+Monitoring+for+Weak+Acid+Based+Nuclear+Fuel+Reprocessing+Schemes&rft.au=Casella%2C+Amanda%3BHylden%2C+Laura%3BValerio%2C+Emily%3BPeterson%2C+James%3BLumetta%2C+Gregg%3BLevitskaia%2C+Tatiana%3BBryan%2C+Sam&rft.aulast=Casella&rft.aufirst=Amanda&rft.date=2013-11-14&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=&rft.spage=387&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-05 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of Thermal Diffusivity of Irradiated, Layered Fuel Samples AN - 1567087716; 20460106 AB - Determination of the thermal transport properties of individual material layers within a laminar composite sample is a non-trivial exercise that is exacerbated when the sample of interest is an irradiated fuel segment. Recently, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), in support of the Global Threat Reduction Initiative (GTRI), has developed the resources necessary to facilitate thermal diffusivity measurements of such irradiated fuel segments. These segments consist of U-10Mo fuel meat separated from AA6061 cladding by a zirconium diffusion barrier. This construction results in heat pulse transport through 5 distinct layers during thermal diffusivity measurements. Current work is focused on developing proper methods for interpreting the signals acquired from these measurements. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Casella, Andrew M AU - Suffield, Sarah R AU - Burkes, Douglas E AD - Nuclear Systems Design, Engineering, & Analysis Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA Y1 - 2013/11/14/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 14 SP - 620 EP - 621 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 109 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Meat KW - Northwest KW - Irradiation KW - Fuels KW - Thermal diffusivity KW - Segments KW - Zirconium KW - Laminar composites UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1567087716?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Determination+of+Thermal+Diffusivity+of+Irradiated%2C+Layered+Fuel+Samples&rft.au=Casella%2C+Andrew+M%3BSuffield%2C+Sarah+R%3BBurkes%2C+Douglas+E&rft.aulast=Casella&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2013-11-14&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=&rft.spage=620&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-05 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Preliminary Calculation of Sediment and Cs Transport in the Ukedo River of Fukushima AN - 1567069401; 20459964 AB - Radioactive materials deposited on the surface of Fukushima prefecture from Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant explosion occurred in 201 1 is a significant issue and predictions of their distributions and fate are indispensable for a number of reason including external and internal radiation exposure, impacts on agriculture and aquatic biota. The primary radioactive material we are concern is cesium. Cesium is well known to be adsorbed by clay-rich soils, and therefore its transportation mechanism is mainly in the form of soil erosion on the land surface and subsequent sedimentsorbed contaminants transport in a water system such as rivers [1]. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Kurikami, Hiroshi AU - Kitamura, Akihiro AU - Yamaguchi, Masaaki AU - Onishi, Yasuo AD - Japan Atomic Energy Agency :4-33, Tokay, Naka, Ibaraki 319-1194, Japan; Visiting Scientist at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352 hiroshi.kurikami@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2013/11/14/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 14 SP - 149 EP - 152 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 109 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Rivers KW - Aquatic biota KW - Cesium KW - Land KW - Transport KW - Soils KW - Radioactive materials KW - Contaminants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1567069401?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Preliminary+Calculation+of+Sediment+and+Cs+Transport+in+the+Ukedo+River+of+Fukushima&rft.au=Kurikami%2C+Hiroshi%3BKitamura%2C+Akihiro%3BYamaguchi%2C+Masaaki%3BOnishi%2C+Yasuo&rft.aulast=Kurikami&rft.aufirst=Hiroshi&rft.date=2013-11-14&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=&rft.spage=149&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-05 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lessons Learned from Standards-based Radiation Detector Testing AN - 1567059768; 20460270 AB - The Illicit Trafficking Radiological Assessment Program +10 (ITRAP+10) was initiated by the European Union's (EU's) Joint Research Center. Its goal is to compare the performance of commercial off-the-shelf radiation detector devices based on written standards [1]. The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Domestic Nuclear Detection Office (DNDO) was invited to participate in this testing. On behalf of DNDO, the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) conducted testing, based on both American National Standards Institute/Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (ANSI/IEEE) and International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) standards [2-11], on five types of radiation detectors starting in August 2011 with a completion date of January 2014. Other laboratories conducted similar ITRAP+10 tests. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Kriss, A A AU - Demboski, M J AU - Wright, K AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA, 99352 aaron.kriss@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2013/11/14/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 14 SP - 1242 EP - 1245 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 109 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Northwest KW - Assessments KW - Domestic KW - Standards KW - Radiation detectors KW - Homeland security KW - Offices KW - Electronics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1567059768?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Lessons+Learned+from+Standards-based+Radiation+Detector+Testing&rft.au=Kriss%2C+A+A%3BDemboski%2C+M+J%3BWright%2C+K&rft.aulast=Kriss&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2013-11-14&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1242&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-05 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Technical Needs for Prognostic Health Management of Passive Components in Advanced Small Modular Reactors AN - 1566841237; 20460057 AB - Sustainable nuclear power to promote energy security is a key national energy priority. The development of deployable small modular reactors (SMRs) is expected to support this priority by diversifying the available nuclear power alternatives for the country, and enhance U.S. economic competitiveness by ensuring a domestic capability to supply demonstrated reactor technology to a growing global market for clean and affordable energy sources. Advanced small modular reactors (AdvSMR) may provide a longer-term alternative to integral pressurized water reactor (iPWR) concepts, which are light water-based SMRs considered most likely to achieve near-term licensing and deployment. AdvSMRs are based on the modularization of advanced reactor concepts, such as those promoted by the Generation IV International Forum.[1] JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Meyer, Ryan M AU - Ramuhalli, Pradeep AU - Bond, Leonard J AU - Coble, Jamie B AU - Hirt, Evelyn H AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory: Richland, WA, 99352, ryan.meyer@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2013/11/14/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 14 SP - 441 EP - 443 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 109 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Security KW - Nuclear reactors KW - Licensing KW - Economics KW - Priorities KW - Sustainable development KW - Nuclear energy KW - Competition KW - Energy sources KW - Technology KW - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1566841237?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Technical+Needs+for+Prognostic+Health+Management+of+Passive+Components+in+Advanced+Small+Modular+Reactors&rft.au=Meyer%2C+Ryan+M%3BRamuhalli%2C+Pradeep%3BBond%2C+Leonard+J%3BCoble%2C+Jamie+B%3BHirt%2C+Evelyn+H&rft.aulast=Meyer&rft.aufirst=Ryan&rft.date=2013-11-14&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=&rft.spage=441&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Security; Nuclear reactors; Economics; Licensing; Sustainable development; Priorities; Nuclear energy; Energy sources; Competition; Technology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On Enhancing Risk Monitors for Advanced Small Modular Reactors AN - 1566841054; 20460056 AB - Advanced small modular reactors (AdvSMRs) can contribute to safe, sustainable, and carbon-neutral energy production. However, the economics of AdvSMRs suffer from the loss of economy-of-scale for both construction and operation. The controllable day-to-day costs of AdvSMRs are expected to be dominated by operations and maintenance (O&M) costs. These expenses could potentially be managed through optimized scheduling of O&M activities for components, reactor modules, power blocks, and the full plant. Accurate, real-time risk assessment with integrated health monitoring of key active components can support scheduling of both online and offline inspection and maintenance activities. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Coble, Jamie AU - Coles, Garill AU - Meyer, Ryan AU - Ramuhalli, Pradeep AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory: Richland, WA, 99352, pradeep.ramuhalli@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2013/11/14/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 14 SP - 439 EP - 440 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 109 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Nuclear reactors KW - Energy KW - Economics KW - Sustainable development KW - Inspection KW - Maintenance KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - R2 23070:Economics, organization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1566841054?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=On+Enhancing+Risk+Monitors+for+Advanced+Small+Modular+Reactors&rft.au=Coble%2C+Jamie%3BColes%2C+Garill%3BMeyer%2C+Ryan%3BRamuhalli%2C+Pradeep&rft.aulast=Coble&rft.aufirst=Jamie&rft.date=2013-11-14&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=&rft.spage=439&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Nuclear reactors; Energy; Economics; Sustainable development; Inspection; Maintenance ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Accurate Uncertainty Quantification to Support Online Sensor Calibration Monitoring AN - 1562670037; 20460053 AB - Safe, efficient, and economic operation of nuclear systems (nuclear power plants, fuel fabrication and storage, used fuel processing, etc.) relies on accurate and reliable measurements. Newer types of sensors, and sensors to monitor non-traditional parameters, are expected in next generation nuclear power plant and fuelcycle environments. During operation, components of nuclear systems, including sensors, may degrade due to age, environmental exposure, and even maintenance interventions. These (and other) factors (besides changes in the monitored variable) affect the measured signals, resulting in effects such as signal drift, response time changes, etc. There is a need to distinguish between signal changes due to plant or subsystem performance deviations and those due to sensor or instrumentation issues. Advanced algorithms can address this issue and facilitate automated monitoring and control of plant and subsystem performance. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Coble, Jamie AU - Lin, Guang AU - Konomi, Bledar AU - Shumaker, Brent AU - Hashemian, Hash AU - Ramuhalli, Pradeep AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory: Richland, WA, 99352, pradeep.ramuhalli@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2013/11/14/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 14 SP - 429 EP - 431 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 109 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Storage KW - Nuclear power plants KW - Age KW - Sensors KW - Fuels KW - Nuclear fuels KW - Economics KW - Intervention KW - Maintenance KW - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1562670037?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Accurate+Uncertainty+Quantification+to+Support+Online+Sensor+Calibration+Monitoring&rft.au=Coble%2C+Jamie%3BLin%2C+Guang%3BKonomi%2C+Bledar%3BShumaker%2C+Brent%3BHashemian%2C+Hash%3BRamuhalli%2C+Pradeep&rft.aulast=Coble&rft.aufirst=Jamie&rft.date=2013-11-14&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=&rft.spage=429&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Storage; Nuclear power plants; Age; Sensors; Fuels; Economics; Nuclear fuels; Intervention; Maintenance ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A generic biogeochemical module for Earth system models: Next Generation BioGeoChemical Module (NGBGC), version 1.0 AN - 1529953577; 19775554 AB - Physical and biogeochemical processes regulate soil carbon dynamics and CO sub(2) flux to and from the atmosphere, influencing global climate changes. Integration of these processes into Earth system models (e.g., community land models (CLMs)), however, currently faces three major challenges: (1) extensive efforts are required to modify modeling structures and to rewrite computer programs to incorporate new or updated processes as new knowledge is being generated, (2) computational cost is prohibitively expensive to simulate biogeochemical processes in land models due to large variations in the rates of biogeochemical processes, and (3) various mathematical representations of biogeochemical processes exist to incorporate different aspects of fundamental mechanisms, but systematic evaluation of the different mathematical representations is difficult, if not impossible. To address these challenges, we propose a new computational framework to easily incorporate physical and biogeochemical processes into land models. The new framework consists of a new biogeochemical module, Next Generation BioGeoChemical Module (NGBGC), version 1.0, with a generic algorithm and reaction database so that new and updated processes can be incorporated into land models without the need to manually set up the ordinary differential equations to be solved numerically. The reaction database consists of processes of nutrient flow through the terrestrial ecosystems in plants, litter, and soil. This framework facilitates effective comparison studies of biogeochemical cycles in an ecosystem using different conceptual models under the same land modeling framework. The approach was first implemented in CLM and benchmarked against simulations from the original CLM-CN code. A case study was then provided to demonstrate the advantages of using the new approach to incorporate a phosphorus cycle into CLM. To our knowledge, the phosphorus-incorporated CLM is a new model that can be used to simulate phosphorus limitation on the productivity of terrestrial ecosystems. The method presented here could in theory be applied to simulate biogeochemical cycles in other Earth system models. JF - Geoscientific Model Development AU - Fang, Y AU - Huang, M AU - Liu, C AU - Li, H AU - Leung, L R AD - Hydrology Group, Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA Y1 - 2013/11/13/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 13 SP - 1977 EP - 1988 PB - Copernicus, Max-Planck-Strasse 13, 37191 Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany, Phone: +49-5556-99555-0, Fax: +49-5556-99555-70 VL - 6 IS - 6 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Litter KW - Mathematical models KW - Phosphorus KW - Algorithms KW - Computer applications KW - Atmosphere KW - Phosphorus cycle KW - Soil KW - Integration KW - Computer programs KW - Databases KW - Carbon KW - Terrestrial ecosystems KW - Nutrient flow KW - Carbon dioxide KW - D 04030:Models, Methods, Remote Sensing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1529953577?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geoscientific+Model+Development&rft.atitle=A+generic+biogeochemical+module+for+Earth+system+models%3A+Next+Generation+BioGeoChemical+Module+%28NGBGC%29%2C+version+1.0&rft.au=Fang%2C+Y%3BHuang%2C+M%3BLiu%2C+C%3BLi%2C+H%3BLeung%2C+L+R&rft.aulast=Fang&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2013-11-13&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1977&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geoscientific+Model+Development&rft.issn=1991-959X&rft_id=info:doi/10.5194%2Fgmd-6-1977-2013 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Litter; Mathematical models; Algorithms; Phosphorus; Computer applications; Atmosphere; Phosphorus cycle; Soil; Databases; Computer programs; Integration; Terrestrial ecosystems; Carbon; Nutrient flow; Carbon dioxide DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-6-1977-2013 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - High Surface Area Zeolite Membrane for Efficient Bio-Fuel Production T2 - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AN - 1490525947; 6249897 JF - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AU - Liu, Wei Y1 - 2013/11/03/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 03 KW - Fuel technology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1490525947?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.atitle=High+Surface+Area+Zeolite+Membrane+for+Efficient+Bio-Fuel+Production&rft.au=Liu%2C+Wei&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Wei&rft.date=2013-11-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2013/webprogram/meeting2013-11-03.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Development and Experimental Validation of An Automotive System Model for Slurry-Based Chemical Hydrogen Storage Materials T2 - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AN - 1490520276; 6253473 JF - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AU - Brooks, Kriston AU - Pires, Rich AU - Westman, Matt AU - Holladay, Jamie Y1 - 2013/11/03/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 03 KW - Hydrogen UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1490520276?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.atitle=Development+and+Experimental+Validation+of+An+Automotive+System+Model+for+Slurry-Based+Chemical+Hydrogen+Storage+Materials&rft.au=Brooks%2C+Kriston%3BPires%2C+Rich%3BWestman%2C+Matt%3BHolladay%2C+Jamie&rft.aulast=Brooks&rft.aufirst=Kriston&rft.date=2013-11-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2013/webprogram/meeting2013-11-03.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Economic and Engineering Assessment of Combined Heat and Power Fuel Cell Systems Installed in Commercial Buildings T2 - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AN - 1490518531; 6249893 JF - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AU - Brooks, Kriston AU - Pilli, Siva Y1 - 2013/11/03/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 03 KW - Economics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1490518531?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.atitle=Economic+and+Engineering+Assessment+of+Combined+Heat+and+Power+Fuel+Cell+Systems+Installed+in+Commercial+Buildings&rft.au=Brooks%2C+Kriston%3BPilli%2C+Siva&rft.aulast=Brooks&rft.aufirst=Kriston&rft.date=2013-11-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2013/webprogram/meeting2013-11-03.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Modeling of Cold-Cap Reactions for Vitrification of Nuclear Waste Glass Based On Simultaneous Differential Scanning Calorimetry-Thermogravimetry (DSC-TGA) T2 - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AN - 1490517633; 6248902 JF - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AU - Chun, Jaehun AU - Pierce, David AU - Pokorny, Richard AU - Hrma, Pavel Y1 - 2013/11/03/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 03 KW - Waste management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1490517633?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.atitle=Modeling+of+Cold-Cap+Reactions+for+Vitrification+of+Nuclear+Waste+Glass+Based+On+Simultaneous+Differential+Scanning+Calorimetry-Thermogravimetry+%28DSC-TGA%29&rft.au=Chun%2C+Jaehun%3BPierce%2C+David%3BPokorny%2C+Richard%3BHrma%2C+Pavel&rft.aulast=Chun&rft.aufirst=Jaehun&rft.date=2013-11-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2013/webprogram/meeting2013-11-03.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The Benefits of Using a Polarity-Swing-Assisted- Regeneration (PSAR) On CO2BOLs: An Experimental and Theoretical Study T2 - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AN - 1490516283; 6249462 JF - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AU - Heldebrant, David Y1 - 2013/11/03/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 03 KW - Regeneration UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1490516283?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.atitle=The+Benefits+of+Using+a+Polarity-Swing-Assisted-+Regeneration+%28PSAR%29+On+CO2BOLs%3A+An+Experimental+and+Theoretical+Study&rft.au=Heldebrant%2C+David&rft.aulast=Heldebrant&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2013-11-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2013/webprogram/meeting2013-11-03.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Advanced Zeolite Membrane-Enabled Air Dehumidification and Conditioning Technologies for Buildings T2 - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AN - 1490515917; 6249300 JF - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AU - Liu, Wei Y1 - 2013/11/03/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 03 KW - Buildings UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1490515917?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.atitle=Advanced+Zeolite+Membrane-Enabled+Air+Dehumidification+and+Conditioning+Technologies+for+Buildings&rft.au=Liu%2C+Wei&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Wei&rft.date=2013-11-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2013/webprogram/meeting2013-11-03.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Structure and Chemistry Of 'Clean' and Modified Transition Al2O3 Surfaces T2 - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AN - 1490513582; 6252293 JF - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2013) AU - Peden, Charles AU - Kwak, Ja AU - Kovarik Sr, Libor AU - Hu, Jianzhi AU - Szanyi, Janos Y1 - 2013/11/03/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 03 KW - Chemical engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1490513582?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.atitle=Structure+and+Chemistry+Of+%27Clean%27+and+Modified+Transition+Al2O3+Surfaces&rft.au=Peden%2C+Charles%3BKwak%2C+Ja%3BKovarik+Sr%2C+Libor%3BHu%2C+Jianzhi%3BSzanyi%2C+Janos&rft.aulast=Peden&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=2013-11-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2013/webprogram/meeting2013-11-03.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - LC-IMS-MS Feature Finder: detecting multidimensional liquid chromatography, ion mobility and mass spectrometry features in complex datasets AN - 1492609927; 18891034 AB - Motivation: The addition of ion mobility spectrometry to liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry experiments requires new, or updated, software tools to facilitate data processing.Results: We introduce a command line software application LC-IMS-MS Feature Finder that searches for molecular ion signatures in multidimensional liquid chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry-mass spectrometry (LC-IMS-MS) data by clustering deisotoped peaks with similar monoisotopic mass, charge state, LC elution time and ion mobility drift time values. The software application includes an algorithm for detecting and quantifying co-eluting chemical species, including species that exist in multiple conformations that may have been separated in the IMS dimension. JF - Bioinformatics AU - Crowell, Kevin L AU - Slysz, Gordon W AU - Baker, Erin S AU - LaMarche, Brian L AU - Monroe, Matthew E AU - Ibrahim, Yehia M AU - Payne, Samuel H AU - Anderson, Gordon A AU - Smith, Richard D AD - super(1)Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 999 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, WA 99352, USA and super(2)Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 999 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, WA 99352, USA Y1 - 2013/11/01/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 01 SP - 2804 EP - 2805 PB - Oxford University Press, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP United Kingdom VL - 29 IS - 21 SN - 1367-4803, 1367-4803 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Data processing KW - Mobility KW - Algorithms KW - Mass spectroscopy KW - Spectrometry KW - Computer programs KW - software KW - Drift KW - Liquid chromatography KW - Bioinformatics KW - Internet KW - Conformation KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1492609927?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=LC-IMS-MS+Feature+Finder%3A+detecting+multidimensional+liquid+chromatography%2C+ion+mobility+and+mass+spectrometry+features+in+complex+datasets&rft.au=Crowell%2C+Kevin+L%3BSlysz%2C+Gordon+W%3BBaker%2C+Erin+S%3BLaMarche%2C+Brian+L%3BMonroe%2C+Matthew+E%3BIbrahim%2C+Yehia+M%3BPayne%2C+Samuel+H%3BAnderson%2C+Gordon+A%3BSmith%2C+Richard+D&rft.aulast=Crowell&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft.date=2013-11-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=2804&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioinformatics&rft.issn=13674803&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Fbioinformatics%2Fbtt465 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Computer programs; software; Data processing; Mobility; Liquid chromatography; Drift; Algorithms; Bioinformatics; Internet; Mass spectroscopy; Conformation; Spectrometry DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btt465 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Exposure conditions and pharmacokinetic principles: interpreting bisphenol a absorption in the canine oral cavity. AN - 1462764516; 24284408 JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Teeguarden, Justin G AU - Fisher, Jeffrey W AU - Doerge, Daniel R PY - 2013 SP - 1 VL - 121 IS - 11-12 KW - Benzhydryl Compounds KW - 0 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - Glucuronides KW - Phenols KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Male KW - Female KW - Glucuronides -- pharmacokinetics KW - Benzhydryl Compounds -- pharmacokinetics KW - Phenols -- pharmacokinetics KW - Environmental Pollutants -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1462764516?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Exposure+conditions+and+pharmacokinetic+principles%3A+interpreting+bisphenol+a+absorption+in+the+canine+oral+cavity.&rft.au=Teeguarden%2C+Justin+G%3BFisher%2C+Jeffrey+W%3BDoerge%2C+Daniel+R&rft.aulast=Teeguarden&rft.aufirst=Justin&rft.date=2013-11-01&rft.volume=121&rft.issue=11-12&rft.spage=A323&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=1552-9924&rft_id=info:doi/10.1289%2Fehp.1307424 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2014-07-28 N1 - Date created - 2013-11-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Toxicol Sci. 2011 Sep;123(1):48-57 [21705716] Rev Environ Health. 2013;28(1):37-58 [23612528] Reprod Toxicol. 2007 Aug-Sep;24(2):139-77 [17825522] J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 2011 May-Jun;21(3):272-9 [20237498] Environ Health Perspect. 2013 Aug;121(8):951-6 [23761051] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2013 Feb 15;267(1):41-8 [23261975] Environ Health Perspect. 2013 Mar;121(3):283-6 [23458838] Comment In: Environ Health Perspect. 2013 Nov-Dec;121(11-12):A323-4 [24284012] Comment On: Environ Health Perspect. 2013 Aug;121(8):951-6 [23761051] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1307424 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Elucidating the higher stability of vanadium(V) cations in mixed acid based redox flow battery electrolytes AN - 1448752492; 18681430 AB - The vanadium(V) cation structures in mixed acid based electrolyte solution were analyzed by density functional theory (DFT) based computational modeling and super(51)V and super(35)CI nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The vanadium(V) cation exists as di-nuclear [V sub(2)O sub(3)CI sub(2) times 6H sub(2)O] super(2+) compound at higher vanadium concentrations ( greater than or equal to 1.75 M). In particular, at high temperatures (>295 K) this di-nuclear compound undergoes ligand exchange process with nearby solvent chlorine molecule and forms chlorine bonded [V sub(2)O sub(3)CI times 6H sub(2)O] super(2+) compound. This chlorine bonded [V sub(2)O sub(3)CI sub(2) times 6H sub(2)O] super(2+) compound might be resistant to the de-protonation reaction which is the initial step in the precipitation reaction in vanadium based electrolyte solutions. The combined theoretical and experimental approach reveals that formation of chlorine bonded [V sub(2)O sub(3)CI sub(2) times 6H sub(2)O] super(2+) compound might be central to the observed higher thermal stability of mixed acid based vanadium(V) electrolyte solutions. JF - Journal of Power Sources AU - Vijayakumar, M AU - Wang, W AU - Nie, Z AU - Sprenkle, V AU - Hu, J AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA, Vijay@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2013/11/01/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Nov 01 SP - 173 EP - 177 PB - Elesevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 241 SN - 0378-7753, 0378-7753 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Vanadium KW - Electrolytes KW - Cations KW - Batteries KW - High temperature KW - Solvents KW - Chlorine KW - NMR KW - Spectroscopy KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1448752492?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.atitle=Elucidating+the+higher+stability+of+vanadium%28V%29+cations+in+mixed+acid+based+redox+flow+battery+electrolytes&rft.au=Vijayakumar%2C+M%3BWang%2C+W%3BNie%2C+Z%3BSprenkle%2C+V%3BHu%2C+J&rft.aulast=Vijayakumar&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2013-11-01&rft.volume=241&rft.issue=&rft.spage=173&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.issn=03787753&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Vanadium; Electrolytes; Batteries; Cations; High temperature; Solvents; Chlorine; NMR; Spectroscopy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental controls on the activity of aquifer microbial communities in the 300 area of the Hanford site. AN - 1443407736; 24061343 AB - Aquifer microbes in the 300 Area of the Hanford Site in southeastern Washington State, USA, are located in an oligotrophic environment and are periodically exposed to U(VI) concentrations that can range up to 10 μM in small sediment fractures. Assays of (3)H-leucine incorporation indicated that both sediment-associated and planktonic microbes were metabolically active, and that organic C was growth-limiting in the sediments. Although bacteria suspended in native groundwater retained high activity when exposed to 100 μM U(VI), they were inhibited by U(VI) <1 μM in synthetic groundwater that lacked added bicarbonate. Chemical speciation modeling suggested that positively charged species and particularly (UO2)3(OH)5 (+) rose in concentration as more U(VI) was added to synthetic groundwater, but that carbonate complexes dominated U(VI) speciation in natural groundwater. U toxicity was relieved when increasing amounts of bicarbonate were added to synthetic groundwater containing 4.5 μM U(VI). Pertechnetate, an oxyanion that is another contaminant of concern at the Hanford Site, was not toxic to groundwater microbes at concentrations up to 125 μM. JF - Microbial ecology AU - Konopka, Allan AU - Plymale, Andrew E AU - Carvajal, Denny A AU - Lin, Xueju AU - McKinley, James P AD - Microbiology Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MSIN J4-18, Richland, WA, 99352, USA, allan.konopka@pnnl.gov. Y1 - 2013/11// PY - 2013 DA - November 2013 SP - 889 EP - 896 VL - 66 IS - 4 KW - Uranium KW - 4OC371KSTK KW - Index Medicus KW - Washington KW - Uranium -- metabolism KW - Uranium -- chemistry KW - Ecosystem KW - Bacteria -- metabolism KW - Bacteria -- genetics KW - Groundwater -- chemistry KW - Geologic Sediments -- chemistry KW - Geologic Sediments -- microbiology KW - Groundwater -- microbiology KW - Bacteria -- isolation & purification UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1443407736?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Microbial+ecology&rft.atitle=Environmental+controls+on+the+activity+of+aquifer+microbial+communities+in+the+300+area+of+the+Hanford+site.&rft.au=Konopka%2C+Allan%3BPlymale%2C+Andrew+E%3BCarvajal%2C+Denny+A%3BLin%2C+Xueju%3BMcKinley%2C+James+P&rft.aulast=Konopka&rft.aufirst=Allan&rft.date=2013-11-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=889&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Microbial+ecology&rft.issn=1432-184X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00248-013-0283-3 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2014-05-05 N1 - Date created - 2013-10-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00248-013-0283-3 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Effect of Subgrid Heterogeneity on Geochemical Reaction Rates, an Example of Uranyl Desorption T2 - 2013 Annual Meeting & Exposition of the Geological Society of America AN - 1490519521; 6248220 JF - 2013 Annual Meeting & Exposition of the Geological Society of America AU - Liu, Chongxuan AU - Shang, Jianying AU - Shan, Huimei AU - Zachara, John Y1 - 2013/10/27/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Oct 27 KW - Geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1490519521?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+Annual+Meeting+%26+Exposition+of+the+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Effect+of+Subgrid+Heterogeneity+on+Geochemical+Reaction+Rates%2C+an+Example+of+Uranyl+Desorption&rft.au=Liu%2C+Chongxuan%3BShang%2C+Jianying%3BShan%2C+Huimei%3BZachara%2C+John&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Chongxuan&rft.date=2013-10-27&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+Annual+Meeting+%26+Exposition+of+the+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2013AM/webprogram/start.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Deep Vadose Zone Remediation: Technical and Policy Challenges, Opportunities, and Progress in Achieving Cleanup Endpoints T2 - 2013 Annual Meeting & Exposition of the Geological Society of America AN - 1490509680; 6247460 JF - 2013 Annual Meeting & Exposition of the Geological Society of America AU - Wellman, Dawn Y1 - 2013/10/27/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Oct 27 KW - Bioremediation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1490509680?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+Annual+Meeting+%26+Exposition+of+the+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Deep+Vadose+Zone+Remediation%3A+Technical+and+Policy+Challenges%2C+Opportunities%2C+and+Progress+in+Achieving+Cleanup+Endpoints&rft.au=Wellman%2C+Dawn&rft.aulast=Wellman&rft.aufirst=Dawn&rft.date=2013-10-27&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+Annual+Meeting+%26+Exposition+of+the+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2013AM/webprogram/start.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Nineteen-Year Hydrological Performance of the Prototype Hanford Barrier T2 - 2013 Annual Meeting & Exposition of the Geological Society of America AN - 1490504237; 6247469 JF - 2013 Annual Meeting & Exposition of the Geological Society of America AU - Zhang, Zhuanfang Y1 - 2013/10/27/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Oct 27 KW - USA, Washington, Hanford UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1490504237?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+Annual+Meeting+%26+Exposition+of+the+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Nineteen-Year+Hydrological+Performance+of+the+Prototype+Hanford+Barrier&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Zhuanfang&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Zhuanfang&rft.date=2013-10-27&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+Annual+Meeting+%26+Exposition+of+the+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2013AM/webprogram/start.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-10 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Model-based analysis of mixed uranium(VI) reduction by biotic and abiotic pathways during in situ bioremediation AN - 1502291798; 2014-012798 AB - Given the numerous unknowns and uncertainties in sediment systems, understanding of the mechanisms of U(VI) reduction is still at the stage of improvement. Recent studies have shown that reductive immobilization of U(VI) in the subsurface is not caused by purely biological or purely abiotic reactions but rather a group of interconnected abiotic-biotic pathways (e.g. via mackinawite and biomass). These new findings necessitate an update of the existing mathematical models that make simplifications typically involving a single reducing agent (e.g. indigenous bacteria) for in situ bioremediation of uranium-contaminated groundwater. In this study, a comprehensive model was constructed based on new experimental observations, including mixed U(VI) reduction by chemical and enzymatic reactions. Thermodynamic analysis was done to predict the feasibility of the potential pathways that affect mackinawite formation under field conditions. Model simulations indicate that low concentrations of the reactant species make the reaction of homogeneous Fe(II) oxidation coupled to U(VI) reduction unfavorable in the field. Instead, FeS precipitation is an important Fe(II) sequestration reaction once sulfate metabolism dominates. The subsequent reduction of U(VI) by FeS (mackinawite) contributes to the total U(VI) removal under a variety of U(VI) concentrations encountered at field sites, which is in accordance with experimental observations. The model suggests the potential for both competition and coordination between chemical and biological pathways on the cell surface, providing a possible explanation as to why U(VI) can be efficiently reduced at either low or high sulfate concentration during the process of in situ bioremediation. Further increase in the resolution of the model (e.g. across multiple scales such as genome-, micron- and pore-sale) is necessary for better understanding of the interactions between biotic and abiotic pathways. Abstract Copyright (2013) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Chemical Geology AU - Zhao, Jiao AU - Scheibe, T D AU - Mahadevan, R Y1 - 2013/10/24/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Oct 24 SP - 215 EP - 222 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 357 SN - 0009-2541, 0009-2541 KW - biomass KW - data processing KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - mackinawite KW - mixing KW - reduction KW - thermodynamic properties KW - water pollution KW - experimental studies KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - metabolism KW - biochemistry KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - bioremediation KW - models KW - biogenic processes KW - metals KW - mathematical methods KW - bacteria KW - uranium KW - mobilization KW - sulfides KW - actinides KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1502291798?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Geology&rft.atitle=Model-based+analysis+of+mixed+uranium%28VI%29+reduction+by+biotic+and+abiotic+pathways+during+in+situ+bioremediation&rft.au=Zhao%2C+Jiao%3BScheibe%2C+T+D%3BMahadevan%2C+R&rft.aulast=Zhao&rft.aufirst=Jiao&rft.date=2013-10-24&rft.volume=357&rft.issue=&rft.spage=215&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Geology&rft.issn=00092541&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.chemgeo.2013.08.037 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00092541 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-27 N1 - CODEN - CHGEAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; bacteria; biochemistry; biogenic processes; biomass; bioremediation; data processing; experimental studies; ground water; in situ; mackinawite; mathematical methods; mathematical models; metabolism; metals; microorganisms; mixing; mobilization; models; pollutants; pollution; reduction; remediation; statistical analysis; sulfides; thermodynamic properties; uranium; water pollution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2013.08.037 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The 36-18 Ma central Nevada ignimbrite field and calderas, Great Basin, USA; multicyclic super-eruptions AN - 1477830454; 2013-088940 AB - One of the greatest global manifestations of explosive silicic volcanism in the terrestrial rock record occurred during the middle Cenozoic over a large part of southwestern North America, from the Great Basin of Nevada and western Utah into Colorado, Arizona, New Mexico, and Mexico. This subduction-related ignimbrite flareup is the only one known in the world of its magnitude and of Mesozoic or Cenozoic age that is not related to continental breakup. The southern Great Basin ignimbrite province was a major product of the flareup . Its central and eastern sectors developed on the Great Basin altiplano, a high orogenic plateau of limited relief dating from pulses of late Paleozoic through Mesozoic orogenic contractile deformation. Caldera-forming activity migrated southwestward through time in response to rollback of a once-flat slab of subducting lithosphere.In the central sector of the southern Great Basin ignimbrite province, 11 partly exposed, mostly overlapping source calderas and one concealed source comprise the 36-18 Ma Central Nevada caldera complex. Calderas have diameters as much as 50 km, to possibly 80 km. Intracaldera tuff and intercalated wall-collapse breccia are at least 2000 m thick.Surrounding outflow ignimbrites consist of 17 regional cooling units (>200 km (super 3) ) that have been correlated over two or more mountain ranges on the basis of stratigraphic position, paleomagnetic direction, chemical and modal composition, and (super 40) Ar/ (super 39) Ar age. Many additional smaller cooling units have been recognized. Possibly as many as eight of the ignimbrites resulted from super-eruptions of 1000 km (super 3) to as much as 4800 km (super 3) . This Central Nevada ignimbrite field is presently exposed over an area of approximately 65,000 km (super 2) in south-central Nevada and had a volume of 25,000 km (super 3) corrected for post-volcanic crustal extension. Six of the largest eruptions broadcast ash flows over an extension-corrected area of greater than 16,000 km (super 2) and as much as 160 km from their caldera sources. Individual sections of outflow tuff include as many as 14 ignimbrite cooling units; aggregate thicknesses locally reach a kilometer, and stacks a few hundred meters thick are common. Sequences are almost everywhere conformable and lack substantial intervening erosional debris and angular discordances that would testify to synvolcanic crustal extension. Beds of fallout ash a few meters thick associated with the largest eruption have been recognized in the mid-continent of the U.S. Six caldera-forming eruptive episodes are separated by five lulls in activity, each lasting from 1.7 to 4.4 m.y., during which time little (<200 km (super 3) ) or no ignimbrite was deposited. Some of the longer lulls that preceded the most voluminous eruptions likely reflected the time for accumulation of magma in huge shallow chambers before eruption was triggered. Other long lulls preceded the last two, single eruptions as the arc magma-generating system was waning prior to the transition to non-arc magma production to the south in the Southwestern Nevada volcanic field.Central Nevada ignimbrites are mostly calc-alkalic and high-K with trace element patterns typical of subduction-related arcs; they range from high-silica (78 wt%) rhyolite to low-silica (63 wt%) dacite. Most ignimbrites are rhyolite, from the earliest to the latest eruptions in the field, and most of these are phenocryst rich. JF - Geosphere AU - Best, Myron G AU - Gromme, Sherman AU - Deino, Alan L AU - Christiansen, Eric H AU - Hart, Garret L AU - Tingey, David G Y1 - 2013/10/23/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Oct 23 SP - 1562 EP - 1636 PB - Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO VL - 9 IS - 6 KW - United States KW - North America KW - concentration KW - volcanic rocks KW - Basin and Range Province KW - ignimbrite KW - igneous rocks KW - Great Basin KW - central Nevada KW - Cenozoic KW - calderas KW - pyroclastics KW - Tertiary KW - volcanic features KW - major elements KW - volcanism KW - volume KW - tuff KW - trace elements KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - uncertainty KW - Nevada KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1477830454?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geosphere&rft.atitle=The+36-18+Ma+central+Nevada+ignimbrite+field+and+calderas%2C+Great+Basin%2C+USA%3B+multicyclic+super-eruptions&rft.au=Best%2C+Myron+G%3BGromme%2C+Sherman%3BDeino%2C+Alan+L%3BChristiansen%2C+Eric+H%3BHart%2C+Garret+L%3BTingey%2C+David+G&rft.aulast=Best&rft.aufirst=Myron&rft.date=2013-10-23&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1562&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geosphere&rft.issn=1553-040X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1130%2FGES00945.1 L2 - http://www.gsajournals.org/perlserv/?request=get-archive&issn=1553-040X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 9 tables, geol. sketch maps N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Basin and Range Province; calderas; Cenozoic; central Nevada; chemical composition; concentration; geochemistry; Great Basin; igneous rocks; ignimbrite; major elements; Nevada; North America; pyroclastics; Tertiary; trace elements; tuff; uncertainty; United States; volcanic features; volcanic rocks; volcanism; volume DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/GES00945.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The hydrological impact of geoengineering in the Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project (GeoMIP) AN - 1718052088; 2015-092238 AB - The hydrological impact of enhancing Earth's albedo by solar radiation management is investigated using simulations from 12 Earth System models contributing to the Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project (GeoMIP). We contrast an idealized experiment, G1, where the global mean radiative forcing is kept at preindustrial conditions by reducing insolation while the CO (sub 2) concentration is quadrupled to a 4XCO (sub 2) experiment. The reduction of evapotranspiration over land with instantaneously increasing CO (sub 2) concentrations in both experiments largely contributes to an initial reduction in evaporation. A warming surface associated with the transient adjustment in 4XCO (sub 2) generates an increase of global precipitation by around 6.9% with large zonal and regional changes in both directions, including a precipitation increase of 10% over Asia and a reduction of 7% for the North American summer monsoon. Reduced global evaporation persists in G1 with temperatures close to preindustrial conditions. Global precipitation is reduced by around 4.5%, and significant reductions occur over monsoonal land regions: East Asia (6%), South Africa (5%), North America (7%), and South America (6%). The general precipitation performance in models is discussed in comparison to observations. In contrast to the 4XCO (sub 2) experiment, where the frequency of months with heavy precipitation intensity is increased by over 50% in comparison to the control, a reduction of up to 20% is simulated in G1. These changes in precipitation in both total amount and frequency of extremes point to a considerable weakening of the hydrological cycle in a geoengineered world. Abstract Copyright (2013), American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres AU - Tilmes, Simone AU - Fasullo, John AU - Lamarque, Jean-Francois AU - Marsh, Daniel R AU - Mills, Michael AU - Alterskjaer, Kari AU - Muri, Helene AU - Kristjansson, Jon E AU - Boucher, Olivier AU - Schulz, Michael AU - Cole, Jason N S AU - Curry, Charles L AU - Jones, Andy AU - Haywood, Jim AU - Irvine, Peter J AU - Ji, Duoying AU - Moore, John C AU - Karam, Diana B AU - Kravitz, Ben AU - Rasch, Philip J AU - Singh, Balwinder AU - Yoon, Jin-Ho AU - Niemeier, Ulrike AU - Schmidt, Hauke AU - Robock, Alan AU - Yang, Shuting AU - Watanabe, Shingo Y1 - 2013/10/16/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Oct 16 SP - 11 EP - 11,058 PB - Blackwell Wiley for American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 118 IS - 19 SN - 2169-897X, 2169-897X KW - hydrology KW - albedo KW - North America KW - engineering properties KW - solar radiation KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - seasonal variations KW - meteorology KW - evapotranspiration KW - temperature KW - carbon dioxide KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1718052088?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.atitle=The+hydrological+impact+of+geoengineering+in+the+Geoengineering+Model+Intercomparison+Project+%28GeoMIP%29&rft.au=Tilmes%2C+Simone%3BFasullo%2C+John%3BLamarque%2C+Jean-Francois%3BMarsh%2C+Daniel+R%3BMills%2C+Michael%3BAlterskjaer%2C+Kari%3BMuri%2C+Helene%3BKristjansson%2C+Jon+E%3BBoucher%2C+Olivier%3BSchulz%2C+Michael%3BCole%2C+Jason+N+S%3BCurry%2C+Charles+L%3BJones%2C+Andy%3BHaywood%2C+Jim%3BIrvine%2C+Peter+J%3BJi%2C+Duoying%3BMoore%2C+John+C%3BKaram%2C+Diana+B%3BKravitz%2C+Ben%3BRasch%2C+Philip+J%3BSingh%2C+Balwinder%3BYoon%2C+Jin-Ho%3BNiemeier%2C+Ulrike%3BSchmidt%2C+Hauke%3BRobock%2C+Alan%3BYang%2C+Shuting%3BWatanabe%2C+Shingo&rft.aulast=Tilmes&rft.aufirst=Simone&rft.date=2013-10-16&rft.volume=118&rft.issue=19&rft.spage=11&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.issn=2169897X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fjgrd.50868 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%292169-8996 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - albedo; atmospheric precipitation; carbon dioxide; engineering properties; evapotranspiration; hydrology; meteorology; North America; seasonal variations; solar radiation; temperature DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jgrd.50868 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - SPOCS: software for predicting and visualizing orthology/paralogy relationships among genomes AN - 1492611706; 18890996 AB - Summary: At the rate that prokaryotic genomes can now be generated, comparative genomics studies require a flexible method for quickly and accurately predicting orthologs among the rapidly changing set of genomes available. SPOCS implements a graph-based ortholog prediction method to generate a simple tab-delimited table of orthologs and in addition, html files that provide a visualization of the predicted ortholog/paralog relationships to which gene/protein expression metadata may be overlaid. JF - Bioinformatics AU - Curtis, Darren S AU - Phillips, Aaron R AU - Callister, Stephen J AU - Conlan, Sean AU - McCue, Lee Ann AD - super(1)Computational & Statistical Analytics Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, super(2)Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA, super(3)Genetics and Molecular Biology Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA and super(4)Computational Sciences & Mathematics Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA Y1 - 2013/10/15/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Oct 15 SP - 2641 EP - 2642 PB - Oxford University Press, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP United Kingdom VL - 29 IS - 20 SN - 1367-4803, 1367-4803 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Computer programs KW - software KW - Proteins KW - genomics KW - Bioinformatics KW - orthology KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1492611706?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=SPOCS%3A+software+for+predicting+and+visualizing+orthology%2Fparalogy+relationships+among+genomes&rft.au=Curtis%2C+Darren+S%3BPhillips%2C+Aaron+R%3BCallister%2C+Stephen+J%3BConlan%2C+Sean%3BMcCue%2C+Lee+Ann&rft.aulast=Curtis&rft.aufirst=Darren&rft.date=2013-10-15&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=20&rft.spage=2641&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioinformatics&rft.issn=13674803&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Fbioinformatics%2Fbtt454 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Computer programs; software; Proteins; Bioinformatics; genomics; orthology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btt454 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biological oxidation of Fe(II) in reduced nontronite coupled with nitrate reduction by Pseudogulbenkiania sp. strain 2002 AN - 1442374457; 2013-080154 AB - The importance of microbial nitrate-dependent Fe(II) oxidation to iron biogeochemistry is well recognized. Past research has focused on oxidation of aqueous Fe (super 2+) and structural Fe(II) in oxides, carbonates, and phosphate, but the importance of structural Fe(II) in phyllosilicates in this reaction is only recently studied. However, the effect of clay mineralogy on the rate and the mechanism of the reaction, and subsequent mineralogical end products are still poorly known. The objective of this research was to study the coupled process of microbial oxidation of Fe(II) in clay mineral nontronite (NAu-2), and nitrate reduction by Pseudogulbenkiania species strain 2002, and to determine mineralogical changes associated with this process. Bio-oxidation experiments were conducted using Fe(II) in microbially reduced nontronite as electron donor and nitrate as electron acceptor in bicarbonate-buffered medium under both growth and nongrowth conditions to investigate cell growth on this process. The extents of Fe(II) oxidation and nitrate reduction were measured by wet chemical methods. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM), and (super 57) Fe-Mossbauer spectroscopy were used to observe mineralogical changes associated with Fe(III) reduction and Fe(II) oxidation in NAu-2. The bio-oxidation extent under growth and nongrowth conditions reached 67% and 57%, respectively. Over the same time period, nitrate was completely reduced under both conditions to nitrogen gas (N (sub 2) ), via an intermediate product nitrite. Abiotic oxidation by nitrite partly accelerated Fe(II) oxidation rate under the growth condition. The oxidized Fe(III) largely remained in the nontronite structure, but secondary minerals such as vivianite, ferrihydrite, and magnetite formed depending on specific experimental conditions. The results of this study highlight the importance of iron-bearing clay minerals in the global nitrogen cycle with potential applications in nitrate removal in natural environments. Abstract Copyright (2013) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Zhao, Linduo AU - Dong, Hailiang AU - Kukkadapu, Ravi AU - Agrawal, Abinash AU - Liu, Deng AU - Zhang, Jing AU - Edelmann, Richard E Y1 - 2013/10/15/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Oct 15 SP - 231 EP - 247 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 119 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - silicates KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - iron KW - remediation KW - chemical reactions KW - spectra KW - reduction KW - nitrate ion KW - chemical composition KW - Mossbauer spectra KW - experimental studies KW - biochemistry KW - oxidation KW - pollution KW - Pseudogulbenkiania KW - nontronite KW - TEM data KW - clay minerals KW - biogenic processes KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - sheet silicates KW - crystal chemistry KW - SEM data KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1442374457?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Biological+oxidation+of+Fe%28II%29+in+reduced+nontronite+coupled+with+nitrate+reduction+by+Pseudogulbenkiania+sp.+strain+2002&rft.au=Zhao%2C+Linduo%3BDong%2C+Hailiang%3BKukkadapu%2C+Ravi%3BAgrawal%2C+Abinash%3BLiu%2C+Deng%3BZhang%2C+Jing%3BEdelmann%2C+Richard+E&rft.aulast=Zhao&rft.aufirst=Linduo&rft.date=2013-10-15&rft.volume=119&rft.issue=&rft.spage=231&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2013.05.033 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 78 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2013-10-17 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biochemistry; biogenic processes; chemical composition; chemical reactions; clay minerals; crystal chemistry; experimental studies; iron; metals; Mossbauer spectra; nitrate ion; nontronite; oxidation; pollution; Pseudogulbenkiania; reduction; remediation; SEM data; sheet silicates; silicates; spectra; TEM data; X-ray diffraction data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2013.05.033 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carbon density and anthropogenic land-use influences on net land-use change emissions AN - 1464513824; 18792238 AB - We examine historical and future land-use emissions using a simple mechanistic carbon-cycle model with regional and ecosystem specific parameterizations. We use the latest gridded data for historical and future land-use changes, which includes estimates for the impact of forest harvesting and secondary forest regrowth. Our central estimate of net terrestrial land-use change emissions, exclusive of climate-carbon feedbacks, is 250 GtC over the last 300 yr. This estimate is most sensitive to assumptions for preindustrial forest and soil carbon densities. We also find that land-use change emissions estimates are sensitive to the treatment of crop and pasture lands. These sensitivities also translate into differences in future terrestrial uptake in the RCP (representative concentration pathway) 4.5 land-use scenario. The estimate of future uptake obtained here is smaller than the native values from the GCAM (Global Change Assessment Model) integrated assessment model result due to lower net reforestation in the RCP4.5 gridded land-use data product. JF - Biogeosciences AU - Smith, S J AU - Rothwell, A AD - Joint Global Change Research Institute, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, College Park, MD, USA Y1 - 2013/10/08/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Oct 08 SP - 6323 EP - 6337 PB - European Geosciences Union, c/o E.O.S.T. Strasbourg Cedex 67084 France VL - 10 IS - 10 SN - 1726-4170, 1726-4170 KW - Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Sustainability Science Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Land Use KW - Historical account KW - Resource management KW - Ecosystems KW - Climate change KW - Pastures KW - Anthropogenic factors KW - Forests KW - Pasture KW - Reforestation KW - Crops KW - Models KW - Soil KW - Carbon KW - Assessments KW - Absorption KW - Regrowth KW - Emissions KW - Feedback KW - Sensitivity KW - Data processing KW - Density KW - Climate KW - Land use KW - Ecosystem disturbance KW - Model Studies KW - Uptake KW - Harvesting KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q1 08422:Environmental effects KW - Q2 09124:Coastal zone management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1464513824?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biogeosciences&rft.atitle=Carbon+density+and+anthropogenic+land-use+influences+on+net+land-use+change+emissions&rft.au=Smith%2C+S+J%3BRothwell%2C+A&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2013-10-08&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=6323&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biogeosciences&rft.issn=17264170&rft_id=info:doi/10.5194%2Fbg-10-6323-2013 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Resource management; Carbon; Climate change; Anthropogenic factors; Ecosystem disturbance; Harvesting; Soil; Data processing; Forests; Feedback; Pasture; Crops; Reforestation; Models; Historical account; Sensitivity; Climate; Land use; Emissions; Regrowth; Uptake; Land Use; Ecosystems; Assessments; Density; Pastures; Absorption; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-6323-2013 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Establishing a geochemical heterogeneity model for a contaminated vadose zone-aquifer system AN - 1800392945; 2016-054626 AB - A large set of sediment samples from a 1600 m (super 2) experimental plot within a 2.2 km (super 2) vadose zone and groundwater uranium (VI) plume was subject to physical, chemical, and mineralogic characterization. The plot is being used for field experimentation on U(VI) recharge and transport processes within a persistent groundwater plume that exists in the groundwater-river interaction zone of the Columbia River at the U.S. DOE Hanford site. The samples were obtained during the installation of 35 tightly spaced (10 m separation) groundwater monitoring wells. The characterization measurements for each sample included total contaminant concentrations (U and Cu primarily), bicarbonate extractable U(VI), sequential (super 238) U(VI) contaminant desorption K (sub d) , (super 233) U(VI) adsorption K (sub d) , grain size distribution, surface area, extractable poorly crystalline Fe(III) oxides, and mineralogy. The characterization objective was to inform a conceptual model of coupled processes controlling the anomalous longevity of the plume, and to quantify the spatial heterogeneity of the contaminant inventory and the primary properties effecting reactive transport. Correlations were drawn between chemical, physical, and reaction properties, and Gaussian simulation was used to compute multiple 3-D realizations of extractable U(VI), the (super 233) U(VI) adsorption K (sub d) , and the distribution of the reactive <2 mm fraction. Adsorbed contaminant U(VI) was highest in the vadose zone and the zone of seasonal water table fluctuation lying at its base. Adsorbed U(VI) was measureable, but low, in the groundwater plume region where very high hydraulic conductivities existed. The distribution of adsorbed U(VI) displayed no apparent correlation with sediment physical or chemical properties. Desorption [ (super 238) U(IV)] and adsorption [ (super 233) U(VI)] K (sub d) values showed appreciable differences due to mass transfer controlled surface complexation and the effects of long subsurface residence times. The (super 233) U(VI) adsorption K (sub d) , a combined measure of surface complexation strength and site concentration, was relatively uniform throughout the domain, displaying correlation with fines distribution and surface area. The characterization results revealed U(VI) supplied to the groundwater plume through spatially heterogeneous recharge from residual contamination in the zone of seasonal water table fluctuation, and transport of U(VI) controlled by weak, kinetically-controlled surface complexation in the coarse-textured saturated zone. Geostatistical relationships for the adsorbed contaminant U distribution in the characterization domain allow an extrapolation to inventory at the plume scale, a critical unknown for remedial action. Abstract Copyright (2013) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Murray, Christopher J AU - Zachara, John M AU - McKinley, James P AU - Ward, Andy AU - Bott, Yi-Ju AU - Draper, Kate AU - Moore, Dean Y1 - 2013/10// PY - 2013 DA - October 2013 SP - 122 EP - 140 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 153 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - desorption KW - contaminant plumes KW - isotopes KW - copper KW - unsaturated zone KW - mass spectra KW - environmental analysis KW - ground water KW - radioactive isotopes KW - mineral composition KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - sediments KW - spectra KW - mineral assemblages KW - heterogeneity KW - chemical composition KW - water pollution KW - experimental studies KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - Columbia River KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - geostatistics KW - adsorption KW - aquifers KW - models KW - ICP mass spectra KW - recharge KW - metals KW - U-233 KW - theoretical models KW - uranium KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - U-238 KW - water wells KW - actinides KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1800392945?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Establishing+a+geochemical+heterogeneity+model+for+a+contaminated+vadose+zone-aquifer+system&rft.au=Murray%2C+Christopher+J%3BZachara%2C+John+M%3BMcKinley%2C+James+P%3BWard%2C+Andy%3BBott%2C+Yi-Ju%3BDraper%2C+Kate%3BMoore%2C+Dean&rft.aulast=Murray&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2013-10-01&rft.volume=153&rft.issue=&rft.spage=122&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jconhyd.2012.02.003 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 63 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 9 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; adsorption; aquifers; chemical composition; chemical reactions; Columbia River; contaminant plumes; copper; desorption; environmental analysis; experimental studies; geostatistics; ground water; Hanford Site; heterogeneity; hydraulic conductivity; ICP mass spectra; isotopes; mass spectra; metals; mineral assemblages; mineral composition; models; monitoring; pollution; radioactive isotopes; recharge; sediments; solute transport; spectra; statistical analysis; theoretical models; transport; U-233; U-238; United States; unsaturated zone; uranium; Washington; water pollution; water wells DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2012.02.003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Uncertainty quantification for evaluating impacts of caprock and reservoir properties on pressure buildup and ground surface displacement during geological CO (sub 2) sequestration AN - 1722154841; 2015-097260 AB - A series of numerical test cases reflecting broad and realistic ranges of geological formation properties was developed to systematically evaluate and compare the impacts of those properties on pressure build-up and ground surface displacement and therefore risks of induced seismicity during CO (sub 2) injection. A coupled hydro-geomechanical subsurface transport simulator, STOMP (Subsurface Transport over Multiple Phases), was adopted to simulate the migration of injected CO (sub 2) and geomechanical behaviors of the surrounding geological formations. A quasi-Monte Carlo sampling method was applied to efficiently sample a high-dimensional parameter space consisting of injection rate and 12 other parameters describing hydrogeological properties of subsurface formations, including porosity, permeability, entry pressure, pore-size index, Young's modulus, and Poisson's ratio for both reservoir and caprock. Generalized cross-validation and analysis of variance methods were used to quantitatively measure the significance of the 13 input parameters. For the investigated two-dimensional cases, reservoir porosity, permeability, and injection rate were found to be among the most significant factors affecting the geomechanical responses to the CO (sub 2) injection, such as injection pressure and ground surface uplift. We used a quadrature generalized linear model to build a reduced-order model that can estimate the geomechanical response instantly instead of running computationally expensive numerical simulations. Abstract Copyright (2010), John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. JF - Greenhouse Gases AU - Bao, Jie AU - Hou, Zhangshuan AU - Fang, Yilin AU - Ren, Huiying AU - Lin, Guang Y1 - 2013/10// PY - 2013 DA - October 2013 SP - 338 EP - 358 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Sussex VL - 3 IS - 5 KW - Poisson's ratio KW - coupling KW - global change KW - elastic constants KW - simulation KW - climate change KW - reservoir rocks KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - air pollution KW - mitigation KW - transport KW - sampling KW - sensitivity analysis KW - uncertainty KW - global warming KW - carbon sequestration KW - pressure KW - numerical models KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - injection KW - pollution KW - migration of elements KW - porosity KW - aquifers KW - models KW - multiphase flow KW - testing KW - risk assessment KW - reservoir properties KW - permeability KW - Young's modulus KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1722154841?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Greenhouse+Gases&rft.atitle=Uncertainty+quantification+for+evaluating+impacts+of+caprock+and+reservoir+properties+on+pressure+buildup+and+ground+surface+displacement+during+geological+CO+%28sub+2%29+sequestration&rft.au=Bao%2C+Jie%3BHou%2C+Zhangshuan%3BFang%2C+Yilin%3BRen%2C+Huiying%3BLin%2C+Guang&rft.aulast=Bao&rft.aufirst=Jie&rft.date=2013-10-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=338&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Greenhouse+Gases&rft.issn=2152-3878&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fghg.1362 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%292152-3878 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 61 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air pollution; aquifers; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; climate change; coupling; elastic constants; global change; global warming; ground water; injection; migration of elements; mitigation; models; Monte Carlo analysis; multiphase flow; numerical models; permeability; Poisson's ratio; pollution; porosity; pressure; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; risk assessment; sampling; sensitivity analysis; simulation; statistical analysis; testing; transport; uncertainty; Young's modulus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ghg.1362 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial selenium transformations in seleniferous soils AN - 1629938639; 2014-096274 AB - Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element for animals and displays a narrow range between dietary deficiency and toxicity. The toxicity of Se depends on its bioavailability, which is directly related to its oxidation states, of which four occur in the environment (Se (super VI) , Se (super IV) , Se (super 0) and Se (super II) (super -) ). Microbial communities drive the cycling of Se between these oxidation states. In order to investigate the effect of microbial activity on Se cycling in the environment, a field site in County Meath, Ireland, was identified with anomalously large concentrations of Se as a result of weathering of black shales within the Lucan formation, leading to cases of Se toxicity in farm animals. Soil cores were extracted from the site for Se speciation and microbial community analysis prior to microcosm experiments to assess Se stability and microbial Se transformations. Selenium was present as a recalcitrant, reduced organic phase that was strongly coordinated with carbon, concordant with suggested hypotheses of Se phyto-concentration within a clay-lined, postglacial marshland. Selenium was not mobilized in microcosm experiments, and supplementation with Se (super VI) resulted in rapid reduction and removal from solution as Se (super 0) . Additional electron donors did not affect Se stability or removal from solution, although nitrate did hinder Se (super VI) reduction. Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis indicated a significant shift in microbial community after amendment with Se (super VI) . This work extends the current knowledge of Se cycling in the environment, and provides information on the bioavailability of Se in the soil, which determines Se content of foodstuffs. Abstract Copyright (2013), British Society of Soil Science. JF - European Journal of Soil Science AU - Fellowes, Jonathan W AU - Pattrick, R A D AU - Boothman, C AU - Al Lawati, W M M AU - van Dongen, B E AU - Charnock, J M AU - Lloyd, J R AU - Pearce, C I Y1 - 2013/10// PY - 2013 DA - October 2013 SP - 629 EP - 638 PB - Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of the British Society of Soil Science, and the National Societies of Soil Science in Europe, Oxford VL - 64 IS - 5 SN - 1351-0754, 1351-0754 KW - Meath Ireland KW - XAS spectra KW - selenium KW - seleniferous composition KW - Ireland KW - Europe KW - bioavailability KW - cores KW - ground water KW - XANES spectra KW - black shale KW - sedimentary rocks KW - valency KW - spectra KW - nitrate ion KW - geochemistry KW - soils KW - concentration KW - toxic materials KW - Western Europe KW - pollution KW - biomarkers KW - X-ray spectra KW - biota KW - geochemical cycle KW - organic compounds KW - fertilization KW - Trim Ireland KW - transformations KW - clastic rocks KW - microorganisms KW - chemical fractionation KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1629938639?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=European+Journal+of+Soil+Science&rft.atitle=Microbial+selenium+transformations+in+seleniferous+soils&rft.au=Fellowes%2C+Jonathan+W%3BPattrick%2C+R+A+D%3BBoothman%2C+C%3BAl+Lawati%2C+W+M+M%3Bvan+Dongen%2C+B+E%3BCharnock%2C+J+M%3BLloyd%2C+J+R%3BPearce%2C+C+I&rft.aulast=Fellowes&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.date=2013-10-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=629&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=European+Journal+of+Soil+Science&rft.issn=13510754&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fejss.12051 L2 - http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/ejs LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 37 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bioavailability; biomarkers; biota; black shale; chemical fractionation; clastic rocks; concentration; cores; Europe; fertilization; geochemical cycle; geochemistry; ground water; Ireland; Meath Ireland; microorganisms; nitrate ion; organic compounds; pollution; sedimentary rocks; seleniferous composition; selenium; soils; spectra; toxic materials; transformations; Trim Ireland; valency; Western Europe; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra; XAS spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ejss.12051 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Changes in translational efficiency is a dominant regulatory mechanism in the environmental response of bacteria AN - 1566857851; 20523388 AB - To understand how cell physiological state affects mRNA translation, we used Shewanella oneidensis MR-1grown under steady state conditions at either 20% or 8.5% O sub(2). Using a combination of quantitative proteomics and RNA-Seq, we generated high-confidence data on >1000 mRNA and protein pairs. By using a steady state model, we found that differences in protein-mRNA ratios were primarily due to differences in the translational efficiency of specific genes. When oxygen levels were lowered, 28% of the proteins showed at least a 2-fold change in expression. Transcription levels were sp. significantly altered for 26% of the protein changes; translational efficiency was significantly altered for 46% and a combination of both was responsible for the remaining 28%. Changes in translational efficiency were significantly correlated with the codon usage pattern of the genes and measurable tRNA pools changed in response to altered O sub(2) levels. Our results suggest that changes in the translational efficiency of proteins, in part due to altered tRNA pools, is a major determinant of regulated alterations in protein expression levels in bacteria. JF - Integrative Biology AU - Taylor, Ronald C AU - Webb Robertson, Bobbie-Jo M AU - Markillie, Lye Meng AU - Serres, Margrethe H AU - Linggi, Bryan E AU - Aldrich, Joshua T AU - Hill, Eric A AU - Romine, Margaret F AU - Lipton, Mary S AU - Wiley, HSteven AD - Computational Biosciences Division; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Richland; WA 99352; USA; , steven.wiley@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2013/10// PY - 2013 DA - Oct 2013 SP - 1393 EP - 1406 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry, c/o Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Secaucus New Jersey 07096 2485 United States VL - 5 IS - 11 SN - 1757-9694, 1757-9694 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Translation KW - Oxygen KW - Data processing KW - tRNA KW - Shewanella oneidensis KW - Transcription KW - proteomics KW - J 02310:Genetics & Taxonomy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1566857851?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Integrative+Biology&rft.atitle=Changes+in+translational+efficiency+is+a+dominant+regulatory+mechanism+in+the+environmental+response+of+bacteria&rft.au=Taylor%2C+Ronald+C%3BWebb+Robertson%2C+Bobbie-Jo+M%3BMarkillie%2C+Lye+Meng%3BSerres%2C+Margrethe+H%3BLinggi%2C+Bryan+E%3BAldrich%2C+Joshua+T%3BHill%2C+Eric+A%3BRomine%2C+Margaret+F%3BLipton%2C+Mary+S%3BWiley%2C+HSteven&rft.aulast=Taylor&rft.aufirst=Ronald&rft.date=2013-10-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1393&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Integrative+Biology&rft.issn=17579694&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc3ib40120k LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 58 N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-11 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Oxygen; Translation; Data processing; tRNA; Transcription; proteomics; Shewanella oneidensis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3ib40120k ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A first large-scale flood inundation forecasting model AN - 1535206456; 2014-038659 AB - At present continental to global scale flood forecasting predicts at a point discharge, with little attention to detail and accuracy of local scale inundation predictions. Yet, inundation variables are of interest and all flood impacts are inherently local in nature. This paper proposes a large-scale flood inundation ensemble forecasting model that uses best available data and modeling approaches in data scarce areas. The model was built for the Lower Zambezi River to demonstrate current flood inundation forecasting capabilities in large data-scarce regions. ECMWF ensemble forecast (ENS) data were used to force the VIC (Variable Infiltration Capacity) hydrologic model, which simulated and routed daily flows to the input boundary locations of a 2-D hydrodynamic model. Efficient hydrodynamic modeling over large areas still requires model grid resolutions that are typically larger than the width of channels that play a key role in flood wave propagation. We therefore employed a novel subgrid channel scheme to describe the river network in detail while representing the floodplain at an appropriate scale. The modeling system was calibrated using channel water levels from satellite laser altimetry and then applied to predict the February 2007 Mozambique floods. Model evaluation showed that simulated flood edge cells were within a distance of between one and two model resolutions compared to an observed flood edge and inundation area agreement was on average 86%. Our study highlights that physically plausible parameter values and satisfactory performance can be achieved at spatial scales ranging from tens to several hundreds of thousands of km (super 2) and at model grid resolutions up to several km (super 2) . Abstract Copyright (2013), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Schumann, Guy J P AU - Neal, J C AU - Voisin, N AU - Andreadis, K M AU - Pappenberger, F AU - Phanthuwongpakdee, N AU - Hall, A C AU - Bates, P D Y1 - 2013/10// PY - 2013 DA - October 2013 SP - 6248 EP - 6257 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 49 IS - 10 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - numerical models KW - geologic hazards KW - East Africa KW - Zambezi Valley KW - surface water KW - data processing KW - prediction KW - two-dimensional models KW - computer programs KW - Zambia KW - streamflow KW - levels KW - infiltration KW - digital simulation KW - natural hazards KW - floods KW - Zambezi River KW - hydrodynamics KW - Africa KW - algorithms KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1535206456?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=A+first+large-scale+flood+inundation+forecasting+model&rft.au=Schumann%2C+Guy+J+P%3BNeal%2C+J+C%3BVoisin%2C+N%3BAndreadis%2C+K+M%3BPappenberger%2C+F%3BPhanthuwongpakdee%2C+N%3BHall%2C+A+C%3BBates%2C+P+D&rft.aulast=Schumann&rft.aufirst=Guy+J&rft.date=2013-10-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=6248&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fwrcr.20521 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 66 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2014-06-13 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Africa; algorithms; computer programs; data processing; digital simulation; East Africa; floods; geologic hazards; hydrodynamics; infiltration; levels; natural hazards; numerical models; prediction; streamflow; surface water; two-dimensional models; Zambezi River; Zambezi Valley; Zambia DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20521 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of ensemble-based data assimilation techniques for aquifer characterization using tracer data at Hanford 300 area AN - 1535202246; 2014-038716 AB - Subsurface aquifer characterization often involves high parameter dimensionality and requires tremendous computational resources if employing a full Bayesian approach. Ensemble-based data assimilation techniques, including filtering and smoothing, are computationally efficient alternatives. Despite the increasing use of ensemble-based methods in assimilating flow and transport related data for subsurface aquifer characterization, most applications have been limited to synthetic studies or two-dimensional problems. In this study, we applied ensemble-based techniques adapted for parameter estimation, including the p-space ensemble Kalman filter and ensemble smoother, for assimilating field tracer experimental data obtained from the Integrated Field Research Challenge (IFRC) site at the Hanford 300 Area. The forward problem was simulated using the massively parallel three-dimensional flow and transport code PFLOTRAN to effectively deal with the highly transient flow boundary conditions at the site and to meet the computational demands of ensemble-based methods. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of ensemble-based methods for characterizing a heterogeneous aquifer by assimilating experimental tracer data, with refined prior information obtained from assimilating other types of data available at the site. It is demonstrated that high-performance computing enables the use of increasingly mechanistic nonlinear forward simulations for a complex system within the data assimilation framework with reasonable turnaround time. Abstract Copyright (2013), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Chen, Xingyuan AU - Hammond, Glenn E AU - Murray, Chris J AU - Rockhold, Mark L AU - Vermeul, Vince R AU - Zachara, John M Y1 - 2013/10// PY - 2013 DA - October 2013 SP - 7064 EP - 7076 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 49 IS - 10 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - United States KW - Washington KW - numerical models KW - Bayesian analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - Kalman filters KW - data processing KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - techniques KW - preferential flow KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - computer programs KW - tracers KW - water pollution KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1535202246?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Application+of+ensemble-based+data+assimilation+techniques+for+aquifer+characterization+using+tracer+data+at+Hanford+300+area&rft.au=Chen%2C+Xingyuan%3BHammond%2C+Glenn+E%3BMurray%2C+Chris+J%3BRockhold%2C+Mark+L%3BVermeul%2C+Vince+R%3BZachara%2C+John+M&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Xingyuan&rft.date=2013-10-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=7064&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2012WR013285 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 47 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2014-06-13 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; Bayesian analysis; computer programs; data processing; ground water; Hanford Site; Kalman filters; numerical models; pollution; preferential flow; statistical analysis; techniques; tracers; United States; Washington; water pollution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2012WR013285 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An uncertainty quantification framework for studying the effect of spatial heterogeneity in reservoir permeability on CO (sub 2) sequestration AN - 1502292651; 2014-014184 AB - A new uncertainty quantification framework is adopted for carbon sequestration to evaluate the effect of spatial heterogeneity of reservoir permeability on CO (sub 2) migration. Sequential Gaussian simulation is used to generate multiple realizations of permeability fields with various spatial statistical attributes. In order to deal with the computational difficulties, the following ideas/approaches are integrated. First, different efficient sampling approaches (probabilistic collocation, quasi-Monte Carlo, and adaptive sampling) are used to reduce the number of forward calculations, explore effectively the parameter space, and quantify the input uncertainty. Second, a scalable numerical simulator, extreme-scale Subsurface Transport Over Multiple Phases, is adopted as the forward modeling simulator for CO (sub 2) migration. The framework has the capability to quantify input uncertainty, generate exploratory samples effectively, perform scalable numerical simulations, visualize output uncertainty, and evaluate input-output relationships. The framework is demonstrated with a given CO (sub 2) injection scenario in heterogeneous sandstone reservoirs. Results show that geostatistical parameters for permeability have different impacts on CO (sub 2) plume radius: the mean parameter has positive effects at the top layers, but affects the bottom layers negatively. The variance generally has a positive effect on the plume radius at all layers, particularly at middle layers, where the transport of CO (sub 2) is highly influenced by the subsurface heterogeneity structure. The anisotropy ratio has weak impacts on the plume radius, but affects the shape of the CO (sub 2) plume. Copyright 2013 International Association for Mathematical Geosciences JF - Mathematical Geosciences AU - Hou, Zhangshuan AU - Engel, Dave W AU - Lin, Guang AU - Fang, Yilin AU - Fang, Zhufeng Y1 - 2013/10// PY - 2013 DA - October 2013 SP - 799 EP - 817 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 45 IS - 7 SN - 1874-8961, 1874-8961 KW - carbon sequestration KW - numerical models KW - carbon dioxide plumes KW - statistical analysis KW - equations KW - simulation KW - Gaussian simulation KW - case studies KW - spatial distribution KW - gas injection KW - transport KW - sampling KW - quantitative analysis KW - adaptive sampling KW - mathematical methods KW - multiphase flow KW - reservoir properties KW - probability KW - heterogeneity KW - uncertainty KW - quasi-Monte Carlo sampling KW - permeability KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1502292651?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mathematical+Geosciences&rft.atitle=An+uncertainty+quantification+framework+for+studying+the+effect+of+spatial+heterogeneity+in+reservoir+permeability+on+CO+%28sub+2%29+sequestration&rft.au=Hou%2C+Zhangshuan%3BEngel%2C+Dave+W%3BLin%2C+Guang%3BFang%2C+Yilin%3BFang%2C+Zhufeng&rft.aulast=Hou&rft.aufirst=Zhangshuan&rft.date=2013-10-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=799&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mathematical+Geosciences&rft.issn=18748961&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11004-013-9459-0 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/121014/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 39 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, chart N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adaptive sampling; carbon dioxide plumes; carbon sequestration; case studies; equations; gas injection; Gaussian simulation; heterogeneity; mathematical methods; multiphase flow; numerical models; permeability; probability; quantitative analysis; quasi-Monte Carlo sampling; reservoir properties; sampling; simulation; spatial distribution; statistical analysis; transport; uncertainty DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11004-013-9459-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Uncertainty quantification for evaluating impacts of caprock and reservoir properties on pressure buildup and ground surface displacement during geological CO sub(2) sequestration AN - 1492628822; 18816089 AB - A series of numerical test cases reflecting broad and realistic ranges of geological formation properties was developed to systematically evaluate and compare the impacts of those properties on pressure build-up and ground surface displacement and therefore risks of induced seismicity during CO sub(2) injection. A coupled hydro-geomechanical subsurface transport simulator, STOMP (Subsurface Transport over Multiple Phases), was adopted to simulate the migration of injected CO sub(2) and geomechanical behaviors of the surrounding geological formations. A quasi-Monte Carlo sampling method was applied to efficiently sample a high-dimensional parameter space consisting of injection rate and 12 other parameters describing hydrogeological properties of subsurface formations, including porosity, permeability, entry pressure, pore-size index, Young's modulus, and Poisson's ratio for both reservoir and caprock. Generalized cross-validation and analysis of variance methods were used to quantitatively measure the significance of the 13 input parameters. For the investigated two-dimensional cases, reservoir porosity, permeability, and injection rate were found to be among the most significant factors affecting the geomechanical responses to the CO sub(2) injection, such as injection pressure and ground surface uplift. We used a quadrature generalized linear model to build a reduced-order model that can estimate the geomechanical response instantly instead of running computationally expensive numerical simulations. JF - Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology AU - Bao, Jie AU - Hou, Zhangshuan AU - Fang, Yilin AU - Ren, Huiying AU - Lin, Guang AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA. Y1 - 2013/10// PY - 2013 DA - Oct 2013 SP - 338 EP - 358 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD United Kingdom VL - 3 IS - 5 SN - 2152-3878, 2152-3878 KW - Risk Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Reservoirs KW - R2 23030:Natural hazards KW - ENA 20:Weather Modification & Geophysical Change KW - M2 556.34:Groundwater Flow (556.34) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1492628822?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Greenhouse+Gases%3A+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Uncertainty+quantification+for+evaluating+impacts+of+caprock+and+reservoir+properties+on+pressure+buildup+and+ground+surface+displacement+during+geological+CO+sub%282%29+sequestration&rft.au=Bao%2C+Jie%3BHou%2C+Zhangshuan%3BFang%2C+Yilin%3BRen%2C+Huiying%3BLin%2C+Guang&rft.aulast=Bao&rft.aufirst=Jie&rft.date=2013-10-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=338&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Greenhouse+Gases%3A+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=21523878&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fghg.1362 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-11 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Reservoirs; Carbon dioxide DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ghg.1362 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Linking microbial community structure to beta -glucosidic function in soil aggregates AN - 1468372371; 18646012 AB - To link microbial community 16S structure to a measured function in a natural soil, we have scaled both DNA and beta -glucosidase assays down to a volume of soil that may approach a unique microbial community. beta -Glucosidase activity was assayed in 450 individual aggregates, which were then sorted into classes of high or low activities, from which groups of 10 or 11 aggregates were identified and grouped for DNA extraction and pyrosequencing. Tandem assays of ATP were conducted for each aggregate in order to normalize these small groups of aggregates for biomass size. In spite of there being no significant differences in the richness or diversity of the microbial communities associated with high beta -glucosidase activities compared with the communities associated with low beta -glucosidase communities, several analyses of variance clearly show that the communities of these two groups differ. The separation of these groups is partially driven by the differential abundances of members of the Chitinophagaceae family. It may be observed that functional differences in otherwise similar soil aggregates can be largely attributed to differences in resource availability, rather than to the presence or absence of particular taxonomic groups. JF - ISME Journal AU - Bailey, Vanessa L AU - Fansler, Sarah J AU - Stegen, James C AU - McCue, Lee Ann AD - Microbiology, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA Y1 - 2013/10// PY - 2013 DA - Oct 2013 SP - 2044 EP - 2053 PB - Nature Publishing Group, The Macmillan Building London N1 9XW United Kingdom VL - 7 IS - 10 SN - 1751-7362, 1751-7362 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - ATP KW - Soil KW - A 01400:Soil Microbes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1468372371?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ISME+Journal&rft.atitle=Linking+microbial+community+structure+to+beta+-glucosidic+function+in+soil+aggregates&rft.au=Bailey%2C+Vanessa+L%3BFansler%2C+Sarah+J%3BStegen%2C+James+C%3BMcCue%2C+Lee+Ann&rft.aulast=Bailey&rft.aufirst=Vanessa&rft.date=2013-10-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2044&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ISME+Journal&rft.issn=17517362&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fismej.2013.87 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-11 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2013.87 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Activity-based protein profiling of secreted cellulolytic enzyme activity dynamics in Trichoderma reeseiQM6a, NG14, and RUT-C30 AN - 1464511974; 18748507 AB - Lignocellulosic biomass has great promise as a highly abundant and renewable source for the production of biofuels. However, the recalcitrant nature of lignocellulose toward hydrolysis into soluble sugars remains a significant challenge to harnessing the potential of this source of bioenergy. A primary method for deconstructing lignocellulose is viachemical treatments, high temperatures, and hydrolytic enzyme cocktails, many of which are derived from the fungus Trichoderma reesei. Herein, we use an activity-based probe for glycoside hydrolases to rapidly identify optimal conditions for maximum enzymatic lignocellulose deconstruction. We also demonstrate that subtle changes to enzyme composition and activity in various strains of T. reeseican be readily characterized by our probe approach. The approach also permits multimodal measurements, including fluorescent gel-based analysis of activity in response to varied conditions and treatments, and mass spectrometry-based quantitative identification of labelled proteins. We demonstrate the promise this probe approach holds to facilitate rapid production of enzyme cocktails for high-efficiency lignocellulose deconstruction to accommodate high-yield biofuel production. JF - Molecular BioSystems AU - Anderson, Lindsey N AU - Culley, David E AU - Hofstad, Beth A AU - Chauvigne-Hines, Lacie M AU - Zink, Erika M AU - Purvine, Samuel O AU - Smith, Richard D AU - Callister, Stephen J AU - Magnuson, Jon M AU - Wright, Aaron T AD - Biological Sciences Division; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Richland; WA; USA; +1-509-372-5920; , aaron.wright@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2013/10// PY - 2013 DA - Oct 2013 SP - 2992 EP - 3000 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry VL - 9 IS - 12 SN - 1742-206X, 1742-206X KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Biofuels KW - lignocellulose KW - Hypocrea jecorina KW - K 03330:Biochemistry KW - W 30945:Fermentation & Cell Culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1464511974?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+BioSystems&rft.atitle=Activity-based+protein+profiling+of+secreted+cellulolytic+enzyme+activity+dynamics+in+Trichoderma+reeseiQM6a%2C+NG14%2C+and+RUT-C30&rft.au=Anderson%2C+Lindsey+N%3BCulley%2C+David+E%3BHofstad%2C+Beth+A%3BChauvigne-Hines%2C+Lacie+M%3BZink%2C+Erika+M%3BPurvine%2C+Samuel+O%3BSmith%2C+Richard+D%3BCallister%2C+Stephen+J%3BMagnuson%2C+Jon+M%3BWright%2C+Aaron+T&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.aufirst=Lindsey&rft.date=2013-10-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=2992&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+BioSystems&rft.issn=1742206X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc3mb70333a LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - lignocellulose; Hypocrea jecorina DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3mb70333a ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sluiceway Operations for Adult Steelhead Downstream Passage at The Dalles Dam, Columbia River, USA AN - 1448223640; 18688970 AB - Sluiceways at hydroelectric dams are designed to enable floating ice and debris to pass through the dams and may be used as an effective, nonturbine, surface route for out-migrating fishes to pass through dams. Each year, the sluiceway at The Dalles Dam on the Columbia River, USA, is normally operated between 1 April and 30 November and the spillway between 10 April and 31 August to enable downstream-migrating juvenile Pacific salmonids to pass. The only route available for fishes to pass the dam between 1 December and 31 March is through the turbines. This study evaluated downstream passage of adult steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss at The Dalles Dam during various periods between 1 November and 10 April for years 2008 through 2010. The purpose of the study was to determine the efficacy of operating the sluiceway between 1 December and 31 March to provide a relatively safe, nonturbine, surface outlet for downstream passage of adult steelhead that overwinter in the lower Columbia River (i.e., fallbacks) or for adult steelhead attempting to emigrate back to the marine environment after spawning (i.e., kelts). We applied a fixed-location hydroacoustic technique to estimate downstream passage rates at the sluiceway and turbines. The sluiceway was used by 91-99% of the adult steelhead during all sampling periods; the remaining 1-9% passed through the turbines. This implies that adult steelhead preferred the sluiceway for downstream passage at the dam. Our results indicate that keeping the sluiceway open between 1 December and 31 March may provide an optimal, nonturbine surface route for downstream passage of overwintering or postspawned adult steelhead at The Dalles Dam. Similar operations are relevant at hydroelectric dams with surface-flow outlets, such as sluiceways, for safe downstream passage of fish species of management concern. Received July 19, 2012; accepted March 27, 2013 JF - North American Journal of Fisheries Management AU - Khan, Fenton AU - Royer, Ida M AU - Johnson, Gary E AU - Tackley, Sean C AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Post Office Box 999 K6-85, Richland, Washington, 99352, USA, fenton.o.khan@usace.army.mil Y1 - 2013/10/01/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Oct 01 SP - 1013 EP - 1023 PB - American Fisheries Society, 5410 Grosvenor Ln. Bethesda MD 20814-2199 United States VL - 33 IS - 5 SN - 0275-5947, 0275-5947 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Outlets KW - Anadromous species KW - Hydroelectric Plants KW - Freshwater KW - Debris KW - Fishery management KW - Marine environment KW - I, Pacific KW - Salmon KW - Rivers KW - Ice KW - Floating ice KW - Oncorhynchus mykiss KW - Turbines KW - Fish KW - INE, USA, Columbia Estuary KW - Kelt KW - Dams KW - Downstream KW - Sampling KW - Overwintering KW - Spawning KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management KW - AQ 00005:Underground Services and Water Use KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1448223640?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=North+American+Journal+of+Fisheries+Management&rft.atitle=Sluiceway+Operations+for+Adult+Steelhead+Downstream+Passage+at+The+Dalles+Dam%2C+Columbia+River%2C+USA&rft.au=Khan%2C+Fenton%3BRoyer%2C+Ida+M%3BJohnson%2C+Gary+E%3BTackley%2C+Sean+C&rft.aulast=Khan&rft.aufirst=Fenton&rft.date=2013-10-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1013&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=North+American+Journal+of+Fisheries+Management&rft.issn=02755947&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F02755947.2013.793629 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Turbines; Floating ice; Kelt; Fishery management; Overwintering; Dams; Anadromous species; Debris; Ice; Marine environment; Spawning; Sampling; Fish; Downstream; Salmon; Outlets; Hydroelectric Plants; Oncorhynchus mykiss; INE, USA, Columbia Estuary; I, Pacific; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02755947.2013.793629 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sluiceway Operations to Pass Juvenile Salmonids at The Dalles Dam, Columbia River, USA AN - 1448223303; 18688984 AB - Existing ice and trash sluiceways are commonly used as benign, nonturbine routes for downstream passage of juvenile salmonids at hydropower dams. At The Dalles Dam on the Columbia River, we studied various operational configurations of sluiceway weirs to maximize sluiceway passage of juvenile Pacific salmon Oncorhynchus spp. and steelhead O. mykiss. We applied hydroacoustic methods to compare fish passage rates and sluiceway efficiencies for two weir configurations in each year: three weirs (SL 1; i.e., collectively referring to the three weirs above main turbine unit [MU] 1) versus six weirs (SL 1+18) during 2004; and middle (SL 2+5) versus east (SL 2+19) powerhouse weir locations during 2005. Horizontal distributions at the sluiceway and turbines and the effects of operating turbines beneath open sluiceway gates were also analyzed. Sluiceway passage efficiency relative to the powerhouse (SLY sub(phs)) varied between study years, between spring and summer, and between day and night. In 2004, sluiceway passage rates were significantly higher (P = 0.0003) for SL 1+18 than for SL 1 during summer-night but were not significantly different between the two configurations during the other three season-day/night periods. The SLY sub(phs) was significantly higher for SL 1+18 than for SL 1. The location comparison during 2005 revealed no significant differences between the SL 2+5 and SL 2+19 configurations, except for summer-day. The experimental findings led to recommendations for long-term operations of The Dalles Dam sluiceway: open six rather than three sluiceway weirs to take advantage of the maximum hydraulic capacity of the sluiceway; open the three weirs above the westernmost operating MU and the three weirs at SL 8, where turbine passage rates are relatively high; operate the MUs below open sluiceway weirs as a standard procedure; operate the sluiceway 24 h/d year-round to maximize its benefits to juvenile salmonids; and use the same weir configuration year-round. These operational concepts are transferable to dams where sluiceway surface flow outlets are used to protect downstream-migrating fishes. Received July 19, 2012; accepted June 26, 2013 JF - North American Journal of Fisheries Management AU - Johnson, Gary E AU - Khan, Fenton AU - Skalski, John R AU - Klatte, Bernard A AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Post Office Box 999 K6-85, Richland, Washington, 99352, USA, gary.johnson@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2013/10/01/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Oct 01 SP - 1000 EP - 1012 PB - American Fisheries Society, 5410 Grosvenor Ln. Bethesda MD 20814-2199 United States VL - 33 IS - 5 SN - 0275-5947, 0275-5947 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Hydraulics KW - Horizontal distribution KW - Anadromous species KW - Fish Passages KW - Freshwater KW - Weirs KW - INE, USA, Columbia Estuary KW - Fishery management KW - Dams KW - Oncorhynchus KW - I, Pacific KW - Salmonidae KW - Benign KW - Salmon KW - Rivers KW - Ice KW - Juveniles KW - Fishways KW - Turbines KW - Capacity KW - Benefits KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution KW - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1448223303?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=North+American+Journal+of+Fisheries+Management&rft.atitle=Sluiceway+Operations+to+Pass+Juvenile+Salmonids+at+The+Dalles+Dam%2C+Columbia+River%2C+USA&rft.au=Johnson%2C+Gary+E%3BKhan%2C+Fenton%3BSkalski%2C+John+R%3BKlatte%2C+Bernard+A&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=Gary&rft.date=2013-10-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1000&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=North+American+Journal+of+Fisheries+Management&rft.issn=02755947&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F02755947.2013.822441 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-09-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Weirs; Juveniles; Turbines; Fishways; Horizontal distribution; Fishery management; Dams; Anadromous species; Hydraulics; Ice; Benign; Salmon; Fish Passages; Capacity; Benefits; Oncorhynchus; Salmonidae; INE, USA, Columbia Estuary; I, Pacific; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02755947.2013.822441 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Measurement of advective soil gas flux: results of field and laboratory experiments with CO sub(2) AN - 1448218488; 18685448 AB - A multi-channel, steady-state flow-through (SSFT), soil-CO sub(2) flux monitoring system was modified to include a larger-diameter vent tube and an array of inexpensive pyroelectric non-dispersive infrared detectors for full-range (0-100 %) coverage of CO sub(2) concentrations without dilution. Field testing of this system was then conducted from late July to mid-September 2010 at the Zero Emissions Research and Technology project site located in Bozeman, Montana, USA. Subsequently, laboratory testing was conducted at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory in Richland, WA, USA using a flux bucket filled with dry sand. In the field, an array of 25 SSFT and 3 non-steady-state (NSS) flux chambers was installed in a 10 4 m area, the long boundary of which was directly above a shallow (2-m depth) horizontal injection well located 0.5 m below the water table. Two additional chambers (one SSFT and one NSS) were installed 10 m from the well for background measurements. Volumetric soil moisture sensors were installed at each SSFT chamber to measure mean moisture levels in the top 0.15 m of soil. A total flux of 52 kg CO sub(2) day super(-1) was injected into the well for 27 days and the efflux from the soil was monitored by the chambers before, during, and for 27 days after the injection. Overall, the results were consistent with those from previous years, showing a radial efflux pattern centered on a known "hot spot", rapid responses to changes in injection rate and wind power, evidence for movement of the CO sub(2) plume during the injection, and nominal flux levels from the SSFT chambers that were up to sevenfold higher than those measured by adjacent NSS chambers. Soil moisture levels varied during the experiment from moderate to near saturation with the highest levels occurring consistently at the hot spot. The effects of wind on measured flux were complex and decreased as soil moisture content increased. In the laboratory, flux-bucket testing with the SSFT chamber showed large measured-flux enhancement due to the Venturi effect on the chamber vent, but an overall decrease in measured flux when wind also reached the sand surface. Flux-bucket tests at a high flux (comparable to that at the hot spot) also showed that the measured flux levels increase linearly with the chamber-flushing rate until the actual level is reached. At the SSFT chamber-flushing rate used in the field experiment, the measured flux in the laboratory was only about a third of the actual flux. The ratio of measured to actual flux increased logarithmically as flux decreased, and reached parity at low levels typical of diffusive-flux systems. Taken together, the results suggest that values for advective CO sub(2) flux measured by SSFT and NSS chamber systems are likely to be significantly lower than the actual values due to back pressure developed in the chamber that diverts flux from entering the chamber. Chamber designs that counteract the back pressure and also avoid large Venturi effects associated with vent tubes, such as the SSFT with a narrow vent tube operated at a high chamber-flushing rate, are likely to yield flux measurements closer to the true values. JF - Environmental Earth Sciences AU - Amonette, James E AU - Barr, Jonathan L AU - Erikson, Rebecca L AU - Dobeck, Laura M AU - Barr, Jamie L AU - Shaw, Joseph A AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, Richland, WA, 99354, USA, jim.amonette@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2013/10// PY - 2013 DA - Oct 2013 SP - 1717 EP - 1726 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 70 IS - 4 SN - 1866-6280, 1866-6280 KW - Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Sensors KW - Hot spots KW - Water table KW - Soil Water KW - Tubes KW - Injection KW - INE, USA, Pacific Northwest KW - Soil KW - Sand KW - Emissions KW - Plumes KW - USA, Montana KW - Wind KW - Monitoring systems KW - Testing Procedures KW - Laboratory testing KW - Laboratories KW - Water content KW - Wind power KW - Wind energy KW - Infrared detectors KW - Moisture Content KW - Soil moisture KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Fluctuations KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - Q2 09266:Tectonics and crustal structure KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - SW 5040:Data acquisition KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 15:Renewable Resources-Terrestrial UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1448218488?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Earth+Sciences&rft.atitle=Measurement+of+advective+soil+gas+flux%3A+results+of+field+and+laboratory+experiments+with+CO+sub%282%29&rft.au=Amonette%2C+James+E%3BBarr%2C+Jonathan+L%3BErikson%2C+Rebecca+L%3BDobeck%2C+Laura+M%3BBarr%2C+Jamie+L%3BShaw%2C+Joseph+A&rft.aulast=Amonette&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2013-10-01&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1717&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Earth+Sciences&rft.issn=18666280&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12665-013-2259-5 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-11 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Wind power; Sensors; Hot spots; Water table; Infrared detectors; Water content; Carbon dioxide; Monitoring systems; Soil; Wind energy; Laboratory testing; Sand; Emissions; Soil moisture; Plumes; Testing Procedures; Laboratories; Moisture Content; Soil Water; Tubes; Injection; Fluctuations; Wind; Carbon Dioxide; USA, Montana; INE, USA, Pacific Northwest DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12665-013-2259-5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Amino acid treatment enhances protein recovery from sediment and soils for metaproteomic studies AN - 1443377232; 18677043 AB - Characterization of microbial protein expression provides information necessary to better understand the unique biological pathways that occur within soil microbial communities that contribute to atmospheric CO sub(2) levels and the earth's changing climate. A significant challenge in studying the soil microbial community proteome is the initial dissociation of bacterial proteins from the complex mixture of particles found in natural soil. The differential extraction of intact bacterial cells limits the characterization of the complete representation of a microbial community. However, in situ lysis of bacterial cells in soil can lead to potentially high levels of protein adsorption to soil particles. Here, we investigated various amino acids for their ability to block soil protein adsorption sites prior to in situ lysis of bacterial cells, as well as their compatibility with both tryptic digestion and mass spectrometric analysis. The treatments were tested by adding proteins from lysed E scherichia coli cells to representative treated and untreated soil samples. The results show that it is possible to significantly increase protein identifications through blockage of binding sites on a variety of soil and sediment textures; use of an optimized desorption buffer further increases the number of identifications. JF - Proteomics AU - Nicora, Carrie D AU - Anderson, Brian J AU - Callister, Stephen J AU - Norbeck, Angela D AU - Purvine, Sam O AU - Jansson, Janet K AU - Mason, Olivia U AU - David, Maude M AU - Jurelevicius, Diogo AU - Smith, Richard D AU - Lipton, Mary S AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA. Y1 - 2013/10// PY - 2013 DA - Oct 2013 SP - 2776 EP - 2785 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 13 IS - 18-19 SN - 1615-9853, 1615-9853 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Soil KW - Amino acids KW - Desorption KW - Climate KW - Escherichia coli KW - Adsorption KW - proteomics KW - Sediments KW - Soil microorganisms KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1443377232?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proteomics&rft.atitle=Amino+acid+treatment+enhances+protein+recovery+from+sediment+and+soils+for+metaproteomic+studies&rft.au=Nicora%2C+Carrie+D%3BAnderson%2C+Brian+J%3BCallister%2C+Stephen+J%3BNorbeck%2C+Angela+D%3BPurvine%2C+Sam+O%3BJansson%2C+Janet+K%3BMason%2C+Olivia+U%3BDavid%2C+Maude+M%3BJurelevicius%2C+Diogo%3BSmith%2C+Richard+D%3BLipton%2C+Mary+S&rft.aulast=Nicora&rft.aufirst=Carrie&rft.date=2013-10-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=18-19&rft.spage=2776&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proteomics&rft.issn=16159853&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fpmic.201300003 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-11-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; Desorption; Amino acids; Climate; Adsorption; proteomics; Sediments; Soil microorganisms; Escherichia coli DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pmic.201300003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interdecadal Connection between Arctic Temperature and Summer Precipitation over the Yangtze River Valley in the CMIP5 Historical Simulations AN - 1443371668; 18655962 AB - This study assesses the ability of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 (CMIP5) simulations in capturing the interdecadal precipitation enhancement over the Yangtze River valley (YRV) and investigates the contributions of Arctic temperature and mid- to high-latitude warming to the interdecadal variability of the East Asian summer monsoon rainfall. Six CMIP5 historical simulations including models from the Canadian Centre for Climate Modeling and Analysis (CCCma), the Beijing Climate Center, the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology, the Meteorological Research Institute, the Met Office Hadley Centre, and NCAR are used. The NCEP-NCAR reanalysis and observed precipitation are also used for comparison. Among the six CMIP5 simulations, only CCCma can approximately simulate the enhancement of interdecadal summer precipitation over the YRV in 1990-2005 relative to 1960-75; the various relationships between the summer precipitation and surface temperature (T sub(s)), 850-hPa winds, and 500-hPa height field (H500); and the relationships between T sub(s) and H500 determined using regression, correlation, and singular value decomposition (SVD) analyses. It is found that CCCma can reasonably simulate the interdecadal surface warming over the boreal mid- to high latitudes in winter, spring, and summer. The summer Baikal blocking anomaly is postulated to be the bridge that links the winter and spring surface warming over the mid- to high latitude and Arctic with the enhancement of summer precipitation over the YRV. Models that missed some or all of these relationships found in CCCma and the reanalysis failed to simulate the interdecadal enhancement of precipitation over the YRV. This points to the importance of Arctic and mid- to high-latitude processes on the interdecadal variability of the East Asian summer monsoon and the challenge for global climate models to correctly simulate the linkages. JF - Journal of Climate AU - Li, Yuefeng AU - Leung, L R AU - Xiao, Ziniu AU - Wei, Min AU - Li, Qingquan AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, and China Meteorological Administration Training Center, WMO Regional Training Center, Beijing, China Y1 - 2013/10// PY - 2013 DA - October 2013 SP - 7464 EP - 7488 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 United States VL - 26 IS - 19 SN - 0894-8755, 0894-8755 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - China, People's Rep., Beijing KW - China, People's Rep., Changjiang R. KW - Variability KW - Degradation KW - Climate change KW - Freshwater KW - Data reanalysis KW - Wind fields KW - Meteorological research KW - Arctic KW - Wind KW - Rivers KW - Summer monsoon KW - Climate models KW - Arctic temperatures KW - Climates KW - Temperature KW - Precipitation KW - Water temperature KW - River valleys KW - Model Studies KW - PN, Arctic KW - Numerical simulations KW - Interdecadal variability KW - Meteorological institutions KW - Monsoons KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - M2 551.581:Latitudinal Influences (551.581) KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1443371668?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Climate&rft.atitle=Interdecadal+Connection+between+Arctic+Temperature+and+Summer+Precipitation+over+the+Yangtze+River+Valley+in+the+CMIP5+Historical+Simulations&rft.au=Li%2C+Yuefeng%3BLeung%2C+L+R%3BXiao%2C+Ziniu%3BWei%2C+Min%3BLi%2C+Qingquan&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Yuefeng&rft.date=2013-10-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=19&rft.spage=7464&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Climate&rft.issn=08948755&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2FJCLI-D-12-00776.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 55 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Degradation; Climate change; Water temperature; River valleys; Wind fields; Monsoons; Meteorological research; Summer monsoon; Climate models; Numerical simulations; Arctic temperatures; Interdecadal variability; Precipitation; Data reanalysis; Meteorological institutions; Rivers; Variability; Climates; Temperature; Arctic; Wind; Model Studies; PN, Arctic; China, People's Rep., Beijing; China, People's Rep., Changjiang R.; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00776.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Detecting radiation-induced injury using rapid 3D variogram analysis of CT images of rat lungs. AN - 1432618841; 24029058 AB - RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVESTo investigate the ability of variogram analysis of octree-decomposed computed tomography (CT) images and volume change maps to detect radiation-induced damage in rat lungs.MATERIALS AND METHODSThe lungs of female Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to one of five absorbed doses (0, 6, 9, 12, or 15 Gy) of gamma radiation from a Co-60 source. At 6 months postexposure, pulmonary function tests were performed and four-dimensional (4D) CT images were acquired using a respiratory-gated microCT scanner. Volume change maps were then calculated from the 4DCT images. Octree decomposition was performed on CT images and volume change maps, and variogram analysis was applied to the decomposed images. Correlations of measured parameters with dose were evaluated.RESULTSThe effects of irradiation were not detectable from measured parameters, indicating only mild lung damage. Additionally, there were no significant correlations of pulmonary function results or CT densitometry with radiation dose. However, the variogram analysis did detect a significant correlation with dose in both the CT images (r = -0.57, P = .003) and the volume change maps (r = -0.53, P = .008).CONCLUSIONThis is the first study to use variogram analysis of lung images to assess pulmonary damage in a model of radiation injury. Results show that this approach is more sensitive to detecting radiation damage than conventional measures such as pulmonary function tests or CT densitometry. JF - Academic radiology AU - Jacob, Richard E AU - Murphy, Mark K AU - Creim, Jeffrey A AU - Carson, James P AD - Systems Toxicology, 902 Battelle Blvd., Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352. Electronic address: richard.jacob@pnnl.gov. Y1 - 2013/10// PY - 2013 DA - October 2013 SP - 1264 EP - 1271 VL - 20 IS - 10 KW - Index Medicus KW - lung KW - irradiation KW - Octree KW - CT imaging KW - variogram KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Rats KW - Radiation Dosage KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Radiometry -- methods KW - Female KW - Tomography, X-Ray Computed -- methods KW - Tomography, X-Ray Computed -- adverse effects KW - Radiation Pneumonitis -- diagnostic imaging KW - Radiation Pneumonitis -- etiology KW - Imaging, Three-Dimensional -- methods KW - Algorithms KW - Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1432618841?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Academic+radiology&rft.atitle=Detecting+radiation-induced+injury+using+rapid+3D+variogram+analysis+of+CT+images+of+rat+lungs.&rft.au=Jacob%2C+Richard+E%3BMurphy%2C+Mark+K%3BCreim%2C+Jeffrey+A%3BCarson%2C+James+P&rft.aulast=Jacob&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2013-10-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1264&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Academic+radiology&rft.issn=1878-4046&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.acra.2013.07.001 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2014-04-11 N1 - Date created - 2013-09-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Radiother Oncol. 2001 Mar;58(3):313-6 [11230893] PLoS One. 2013;8(6):e65874 [23799057] Eur Radiol. 2002 Nov;12(11):2757-63 [12386770] Radiother Oncol. 2003 Oct;69(1):11-9 [14597352] Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2004 Apr 1;58(5):1562-9 [15050337] Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1989 Jan;16(1):117-24 [2912932] Radiat Res. 1993 Oct;136(1):15-21 [8210333] Exp Lung Res. 1998 Mar-Apr;24(2):137-48 [9555572] Radiology. 2005 Jul;236(1):10-21 [15987960] Int J Radiat Biol. 2005 Dec;81(12):887-99 [16524844] Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2007 Apr 1;67(5):1510-8 [17394947] Int J Radiat Biol. 2008 Jun;84(6):487-97 [18470747] Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2009 May 1;74(1):192-9 [19362237] PLoS One. 2011;6(11):e27577 [22087338] Lung. 2012 Apr;190(2):133-45 [22179694] Neuroimage. 2012 Nov 15;63(3):1374-83 [22836175] Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2012;2012:4079-82 [23366824] Toxicology. 2001 Mar 28;161(3):153-63 [11297804] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.acra.2013.07.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On an improved sub-regional water resources management representation for integration into earth system models AN - 1443376946; 18677756 AB - Human influence on the hydrologic cycle includes regulation and storage, consumptive use and overall redistribution of water resources in space and time. Representing these processes is essential for applications of earth system models in hydrologic and climate predictions, as well as impact studies at regional to global scales. Emerging large-scale research reservoir models use generic operating rules that are flexible for coupling with earth system models. Those generic operating rules have been successful in reproducing the overall regulated flow at large basin scales. This study investigates the uncertainties of the reservoir models from different implementations of the generic operating rules using the complex multi-objective Columbia River Regulation System in northwestern United States as an example to understand their effects on not only regulated flow but also reservoir storage and fraction of the demand that is met. Numerical experiments are designed to test new generic operating rules that combine storage and releases targets for multi-purpose reservoirs and to compare the use of reservoir usage priorities and predictors (withdrawals vs. consumptive demands, as well as natural vs. regulated mean flow) for configuring operating rules. Overall the best performing implementation is with combined priorities rules (flood control storage targets and irrigation release targets) set up with mean annual natural flow and mean monthly withdrawals. The options of not accounting for groundwater withdrawals, or on the contrary, of assuming that all remaining demand is met through groundwater extractions, are discussed. JF - Hydrology and Earth System Sciences AU - Voisin, N AU - Li, H AU - Ward, D AU - Huang, M AU - Wigmosta, M AU - Leung, L R AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA 99354, USA Y1 - 2013/09/30/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Sep 30 SP - 3605 EP - 3622 PB - European Geosciences Union, c/o E.O.S.T. Strasbourg Cedex 67084 France VL - 17 IS - 9 SN - 1027-5606, 1027-5606 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Selective Withdrawal KW - Reservoir KW - Flood control KW - Climate prediction KW - Basins KW - Water resources KW - Freshwater KW - Hydrologic Models KW - Space exploration KW - Hydrology KW - Reservoirs KW - Groundwater withdrawal KW - Irrigation KW - River discharge KW - Hydrologic cycle KW - Reservoir Storage KW - Storage KW - Regulated Flow KW - Water management KW - Natural Flow KW - Priorities KW - Groundwater KW - USA, Columbia R. KW - Reservoir models KW - Water resources management KW - Climate models KW - Numerical experiments KW - USA KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - M2 556:General (556) KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - Q2 09171:Dynamics of lakes and rivers KW - SW 0840:Groundwater KW - ENA 16:Renewable Resources-Water UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1443376946?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hydrology+and+Earth+System+Sciences&rft.atitle=On+an+improved+sub-regional+water+resources+management+representation+for+integration+into+earth+system+models&rft.au=Voisin%2C+N%3BLi%2C+H%3BWard%2C+D%3BHuang%2C+M%3BWigmosta%2C+M%3BLeung%2C+L+R&rft.aulast=Voisin&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2013-09-30&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=3605&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hydrology+and+Earth+System+Sciences&rft.issn=10275606&rft_id=info:doi/10.5194%2Fhess-17-3605-2013 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Flood control; Reservoir; Climate prediction; Water management; Irrigation; River discharge; Hydrology; Water resources; Hydrologic cycle; Water resources management; Climate models; Reservoir models; Space exploration; Groundwater withdrawal; Numerical experiments; Reservoirs; Storage; Basins; Priorities; Groundwater; Reservoir Storage; Selective Withdrawal; Regulated Flow; Hydrologic Models; Natural Flow; USA; USA, Columbia R.; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-3605-2013 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Understanding super-resolution nanoscopy and its biological applications in cell imaging. AN - 1427000375; 23739871 AB - Optical microscopy has been an ideal tool for studying phenomena in live cells because visible light at reasonable intensity does not perturb much of the normal biological functions. However, optical resolution using visible light is significantly limited by the wavelength. Overcoming this diffraction-limit barrier will reveal biological mechanisms, cellular structures, and physiological processes at a nanometer scale, orders of magnitude lower than current optical microscopy. Although this appears to be a daunting task, recently developed photoswitchable probes enable reconstruction of individual images into a super-resolution image, thus the emergence of nanoscopy. Harnessing the resolution power of nanoscopy, we report here nano-resolution fluorescence imaging of microtubules and their network structures in biological cells. The super-resolution nanoscopy successfully resolved nanostructures of a microtubule network-a daunting task that cannot be completed using conventional wide-field microscopy. JF - Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP AU - Hu, Dehong AU - Zhao, Baoming AU - Xie, Yumei AU - Orr, Galya AU - Li, Alexander D Q AD - Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA. Y1 - 2013/09/28/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Sep 28 SP - 14856 EP - 14861 VL - 15 IS - 36 KW - Index Medicus KW - Microscopy, Fluorescence KW - Animals KW - Microtubules -- metabolism KW - Mice KW - Microtubules -- chemistry KW - Fluorescent Antibody Technique KW - Cell Line KW - Nanotechnology -- instrumentation KW - Molecular Imaging -- methods KW - Nanotechnology -- methods KW - Molecular Imaging -- instrumentation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1427000375?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physical+chemistry+chemical+physics+%3A+PCCP&rft.atitle=Understanding+super-resolution+nanoscopy+and+its+biological+applications+in+cell+imaging.&rft.au=Hu%2C+Dehong%3BZhao%2C+Baoming%3BXie%2C+Yumei%3BOrr%2C+Galya%3BLi%2C+Alexander+D+Q&rft.aulast=Hu&rft.aufirst=Dehong&rft.date=2013-09-28&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=36&rft.spage=14856&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Physical+chemistry+chemical+physics+%3A+PCCP&rft.issn=1463-9084&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc3cp51629f LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2014-04-02 N1 - Date created - 2013-08-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3cp51629f ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Abiotic U(VI) reduction by sorbed Fe(II) on natural sediments AN - 1464884885; 2013-090977 AB - Laboratory experiments were performed as a function of aqueous Fe(II) concentration to determine the uptake and oxidation of Fe(II), and Fe(II)-mediated abiotic reduction of U(VI) by aquifer sediments from the DOE Rifle field research site in Colorado, USA. Mossbauer analysis of the sediments spiked with aqueous (super 57) Fe(II) showed that (super 57) Fe(II) was oxidized on the mineral surfaces to (super 57) Fe(III) and most likely formed a nano-particulate Fe(III)-oxide or ferrihydrite-like phase. The extent of (super 57) Fe oxidation decreased with increasing (super 57) Fe(II) uptake, such that 98% was oxidized at 7.3mu mol/g Fe and 41% at 39.6mu mol/g Fe, indicating that the sediments had a limited capacity for oxidation of Fe(II). Abiotic U(VI) reduction was observed by XANES spectroscopy only when the Fe(II) uptake was greater than approximately 20mu mol/g and surface-bound Fe(II) was present, possibly as oligomeric Fe(II) surface species. The degree of U(VI) reduction increased with increasing Fe(II)-loading above this level to a maximum of 18% and 36% U(IV) at pH 7.2 (40.7mu mol/g Fe) and 8.3 (56.1mu mol/g Fe), respectively in the presence of 400ppm CO (sub 2) . Greater U(VI) reduction was observed in CO (sub 2) -free systems [up to 44% and 54% at pH 7.2 (17.3mu mol/g Fe) and 8.3 (54.8mu mol/g Fe), respectively] compared to 400ppm CO (sub 2) systems, presumably due to differences in aqueous U(VI) speciation. While pH affects the amount of Fe(II) uptake onto the solid phase, with greater Fe(II) uptake at higher pH, similar amounts of U(VI) reduction were observed at pH 7.2 and 8.3 for a similar Fe(II) uptake. Thus, it appears that abiotic U(VI) reduction is controlled primarily by sorbed Fe(II) concentration and aqueous U(VI) speciation. The range of Fe(II) loadings tested in this study are within the range observed in biostimulation experiments at the Rifle site, suggesting that Fe(II)-mediated abiotic U(VI) reduction could play a significant role in field settings. Abstract Copyright (2013) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Fox, Patricia M AU - Davis, James A AU - Kukkadapu, Ravi AU - Singer, David M AU - Bargar, John AU - Williams, Kenneth H Y1 - 2013/09/15/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Sep 15 SP - 266 EP - 282 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 117 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - United States KW - sorption KW - Garfield County Colorado KW - isotopes KW - stable isotopes KW - iron KW - reservoir rocks KW - ground water KW - XANES spectra KW - laboratory studies KW - Rifle Colorado KW - chemical reactions KW - water-rock interaction KW - sediments KW - X-ray fluorescence spectra KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - reduction KW - thermodynamic properties KW - chemical composition KW - water pollution KW - pH KW - Mossbauer spectra KW - experimental studies KW - Fe-57 KW - oxidation KW - pollution KW - ferrihydrite KW - X-ray spectra KW - aquifers KW - metals KW - mobilization KW - Colorado KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1464884885?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Abiotic+U%28VI%29+reduction+by+sorbed+Fe%28II%29+on+natural+sediments&rft.au=Fox%2C+Patricia+M%3BDavis%2C+James+A%3BKukkadapu%2C+Ravi%3BSinger%2C+David+M%3BBargar%2C+John%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth+H&rft.aulast=Fox&rft.aufirst=Patricia&rft.date=2013-09-15&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=&rft.spage=266&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2013.05.003 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 107 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2013-12-05 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; chemical composition; chemical reactions; Colorado; experimental studies; Fe-57; ferrihydrite; Garfield County Colorado; ground water; iron; isotopes; laboratory studies; metals; mobilization; Mossbauer spectra; oxidation; oxides; pH; pollution; reduction; reservoir rocks; Rifle Colorado; sediments; sorption; spectra; stable isotopes; thermodynamic properties; United States; water pollution; water-rock interaction; X-ray fluorescence spectra; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2013.05.003 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Bevel Rotation and Insertion Angle: Decreasing Surgical Impacts On Salmonids T2 - 143rd Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2013) AN - 1412153578; 6225689 JF - 143rd Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2013) AU - Zimmerman, Shon AU - Karls, Rhonda AU - Fischer, Eric AU - Woodley, Christa Y1 - 2013/09/08/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Sep 08 KW - Anadromous species KW - Surgery KW - Salmonidae UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1412153578?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=143rd+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2013%29&rft.atitle=Bevel+Rotation+and+Insertion+Angle%3A+Decreasing+Surgical+Impacts+On+Salmonids&rft.au=Zimmerman%2C+Shon%3BKarls%2C+Rhonda%3BFischer%2C+Eric%3BWoodley%2C+Christa&rft.aulast=Zimmerman&rft.aufirst=Shon&rft.date=2013-09-08&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=143rd+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://afs.confex.com/afs/2013/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-30 N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Influence of Prolonged MS-222 Exposure On Survival and Stress of Surgically Implanted Juvenile Salmonids T2 - 143rd Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2013) AN - 1412153360; 6225687 JF - 143rd Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2013) AU - Wagner, Katie AU - Eppard, M AU - Woodley, Christa Y1 - 2013/09/08/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Sep 08 KW - Anadromous species KW - Survival KW - Stress KW - Salmonidae UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1412153360?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=143rd+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2013%29&rft.atitle=Influence+of+Prolonged+MS-222+Exposure+On+Survival+and+Stress+of+Surgically+Implanted+Juvenile+Salmonids&rft.au=Wagner%2C+Katie%3BEppard%2C+M%3BWoodley%2C+Christa&rft.aulast=Wagner&rft.aufirst=Katie&rft.date=2013-09-08&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=143rd+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://afs.confex.com/afs/2013/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-30 N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Comparison of Bi-Directional Knotless and Monofilament Sutures for Wound Closure in Juvenile Chinook Salmon T2 - 143rd Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2013) AN - 1412153260; 6225688 JF - 143rd Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2013) AU - Fischer, Eric AU - Wagner, Katie AU - Woodley, Christa Y1 - 2013/09/08/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Sep 08 KW - Salmon KW - Sutures KW - Anadromous species KW - Wounds KW - Oncorhynchus tshawytscha UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1412153260?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=143rd+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2013%29&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+Bi-Directional+Knotless+and+Monofilament+Sutures+for+Wound+Closure+in+Juvenile+Chinook+Salmon&rft.au=Fischer%2C+Eric%3BWagner%2C+Katie%3BWoodley%2C+Christa&rft.aulast=Fischer&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft.date=2013-09-08&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=143rd+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://afs.confex.com/afs/2013/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-30 N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Determining Minimum Size Thresholds for Tagging Juvenile Salmonids Using a New Injectable Downsized Acoustic Transmitter T2 - 143rd Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2013) AN - 1412153240; 6225777 JF - 143rd Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2013) AU - Brown, Richard AU - Cook, Katrina AU - Deters, Katherine AU - Pflugrath, Brett AU - Deng, Z AU - Colotelo, Alison AU - Eppard, M Y1 - 2013/09/08/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Sep 08 KW - Fishery surveys KW - Acoustics KW - Anadromous species KW - Stock assessment KW - Tagging KW - Salmonidae UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1412153240?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=143rd+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2013%29&rft.atitle=Determining+Minimum+Size+Thresholds+for+Tagging+Juvenile+Salmonids+Using+a+New+Injectable+Downsized+Acoustic+Transmitter&rft.au=Brown%2C+Richard%3BCook%2C+Katrina%3BDeters%2C+Katherine%3BPflugrath%2C+Brett%3BDeng%2C+Z%3BColotelo%2C+Alison%3BEppard%2C+M&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2013-09-08&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=143rd+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://afs.confex.com/afs/2013/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-30 N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Passage Distributions and Federal Columbia River Power System Survival for Steelhead Kelts Tagged Above and At Lower Granite Dam T2 - 143rd Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2013) AN - 1412148421; 6225298 JF - 143rd Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2013) AU - Colotelo, Alison AU - Jones, Bryan AU - Harnish, Ryan AU - Pinney, Chris Y1 - 2013/09/08/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Sep 08 KW - Rivers KW - USA, Washington, Snake R., Lower Granite Dam KW - Kelt KW - Survival KW - USA, Columbia R. KW - Granite UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1412148421?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=143rd+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2013%29&rft.atitle=Passage+Distributions+and+Federal+Columbia+River+Power+System+Survival+for+Steelhead+Kelts+Tagged+Above+and+At+Lower+Granite+Dam&rft.au=Colotelo%2C+Alison%3BJones%2C+Bryan%3BHarnish%2C+Ryan%3BPinney%2C+Chris&rft.aulast=Colotelo&rft.aufirst=Alison&rft.date=2013-09-08&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=143rd+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://afs.confex.com/afs/2013/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-30 N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Where Are the Fish... Really? Taking the Error Out of Fish Positioning for Jsats T2 - 143rd Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2013) AN - 1412147758; 6225299 JF - 143rd Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society (AFS 2013) AU - Rayamajhi, Bishes AU - Zimmerman, Shon AU - Etherington, Darin AU - Mitchell, Tyler AU - Deng, Zhiqun AU - Fu, Tao AU - Weiland, Mark AU - Ploskey, Gene Y1 - 2013/09/08/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Sep 08 KW - Fish UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1412147758?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=143rd+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2013%29&rft.atitle=Where+Are+the+Fish...+Really%3F+Taking+the+Error+Out+of+Fish+Positioning+for+Jsats&rft.au=Rayamajhi%2C+Bishes%3BZimmerman%2C+Shon%3BEtherington%2C+Darin%3BMitchell%2C+Tyler%3BDeng%2C+Zhiqun%3BFu%2C+Tao%3BWeiland%2C+Mark%3BPloskey%2C+Gene&rft.aulast=Rayamajhi&rft.aufirst=Bishes&rft.date=2013-09-08&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=143rd+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society+%28AFS+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://afs.confex.com/afs/2013/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-30 N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-25 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transportation fuels from biomass via fast pyrolysis and hydroprocessing AN - 1746881771; PQ0001958834 AB - Biomass is a renewable source of carbon, which could provide a means to reduce the greenhouse gas impact from fossil fuels in the transportation sector. Recycling of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, either by direct chemical conversion or via biomass growth based on solar energy provides the only renewable source of liquid fuels, which could displace petroleum-derived products. Fast pyrolysis is a method of direct thermochemical conversion (nonbioconversion) of biomass to a liquid product. Although the direct conversion product, called bio-oil, is liquid; it is not compatible with the fuel handling systems currently used for transportation. Upgrading the product via catalytic processing with hydrogen gas, hydroprocessing, is a means that has been demonstrated in the laboratory. By this processing, the bio-oil can be deoxygenated to hydrocarbons, which can be useful replacements of the hydrocarbon distillates in petroleum. While the fast pyrolysis of biomass is presently commercial, the upgrading of the liquid product by hydroprocessing remains in development, although it is moving out of the laboratory into scaled-up process demonstration systems. JF - Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Energy and Environment AU - Elliott, Douglas C AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA. PY - 2013 SP - 525 EP - 533 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 United States VL - 2 IS - 5 SN - 2041-8396, 2041-8396 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Fossil fuels KW - Fuels KW - Recycling KW - Biomass KW - Waste management KW - Pyrolysis KW - Transportation KW - Reviews KW - Renewable energy KW - Energy KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Solar energy KW - Petroleum hydrocarbons KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1746881771?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wiley+Interdisciplinary+Reviews%3A+Energy+and+Environment&rft.atitle=Transportation+fuels+from+biomass+via+fast+pyrolysis+and+hydroprocessing&rft.au=Elliott%2C+Douglas+C&rft.aulast=Elliott&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft.date=2013-09-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=525&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Wiley+Interdisciplinary+Reviews%3A+Energy+and+Environment&rft.issn=20418396&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fwene.74 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-23 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fossil fuels; Fuels; Biomass; Recycling; Waste management; Pyrolysis; Transportation; Energy; Renewable energy; Reviews; Carbon dioxide; Greenhouse gases; Solar energy; Petroleum hydrocarbons DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wene.74 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spatial and temporal patterns of global onshore wind speed distribution AN - 1705078090; PQ0001831644 AB - Wind power, a renewable energy source, can play an important role in electrical energy generation. Information regarding wind energy potential is important both for energy related modeling and for decision-making in the policy community. While wind speed datasets with high spatial and temporal resolution are often ultimately used for detailed planning, simpler assumptions are often used in analysis work. An accurate representation of the wind speed frequency distribution is needed in order to properly characterize wind energy potential. Using a power density method, this study estimated global variation in wind parameters as fitted to a Weibull density function using NCEP/climate forecast system reanalysis (CFSR) data over land areas. The Weibull distribution performs well in fitting the time series wind speed data at most locations according to R super(2), root mean square error, and power density error. The wind speed frequency distribution, as represented by the Weibull k parameter, exhibits a large amount of spatial variation, a regionally varying amount of seasonal variation, and relatively low decadal variation. We also analyzed the potential error in wind power estimation when a commonly assumed Rayleigh distribution (Weibull k = 2) is used. We find that the assumption of the same Weibull parameter across large regions can result in non-negligible errors. While large-scale wind speed data are often presented in the form of mean wind speeds, these results highlight the need to also provide information on the wind speed frequency distribution. JF - Environmental Research Letters AU - Zhou, Yuyu AU - Smith, Steven J AD - Joint Global Change Research Institute, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, College Park, MD 20740, USA, Yuyu.zhou@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2013/09// PY - 2013 DA - September 2013 SP - 1 EP - 8 PB - IOP Publishing, The Public Ledger Building, Suite 929 Philadelphia PA 19106 United States VL - 8 IS - 3 SN - 1748-9326, 1748-9326 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - global wind KW - Weibull distribution KW - power density method KW - wind energy KW - wind resources KW - Mean winds KW - Spatial distribution KW - Decadal variations KW - Climate KW - Velocity KW - Environmental research KW - Time series analysis KW - Data reanalysis KW - Wind speed KW - Wind power KW - Wind energy KW - Energy KW - Renewable energy KW - Climatology KW - Wind speed distribution KW - Seasonal variations KW - Wind KW - Future climates KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - M2 551.509.1/.5:Forecasting (551.509.1/.5) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1705078090?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Spatial+and+temporal+patterns+of+global+onshore+wind+speed+distribution&rft.au=Zhou%2C+Yuyu%3BSmith%2C+Steven+J&rft.aulast=Zhou&rft.aufirst=Yuyu&rft.date=2013-09-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.issn=17489326&rft_id=info:doi/10.1088%2F1748-9326%2F8%2F3%2F034029 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Wind speed; Wind power; Mean winds; Decadal variations; Environmental research; Climatology; Weibull distribution; Wind speed distribution; Time series analysis; Data reanalysis; Seasonal variations; Future climates; Spatial distribution; Wind energy; Renewable energy; Energy; Climate; Velocity; Wind DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/8/3/034029 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pore-scale simulation of microbial growth using a genome-scale metabolic model; implications for Darcy-scale reactive transport AN - 1703692625; 2015-074623 AB - Recent advances in microbiology have enabled the quantitative simulation of microbial metabolism and growth based on genome-scale characterization of metabolic pathways and fluxes. We have incorporated a genome-scale metabolic model of the iron-reducing bacteria Geobacter sulfurreducens into a pore-scale simulation of microbial growth based on coupling of iron reduction to oxidation of a soluble electron donor (acetate). In our model, fluid flow and solute transport is governed by a combination of the Navier-Stokes and advection-diffusion-reaction equations. Microbial growth occurs only on the surface of soil grains where solid-phase mineral iron oxides are available. Mass fluxes of chemical species associated with microbial growth are described by the genome-scale microbial model, implemented using a constraint-based metabolic model, and provide the Robin-type boundary condition for the advection-diffusion equation at soil grain surfaces. Conventional models of microbially-mediated subsurface reactions use a lumped reaction model that does not consider individual microbial reaction pathways, and describe reactions rates using empirically-derived rate formulations such as the Monod-type kinetics. We have used our pore-scale model to explore the relationship between genome-scale metabolic models and Monod-type formulations, and to assess the manifestation of pore-scale variability (microenvironments) in terms of apparent Darcy-scale microbial reaction rates. The genome-scale model predicted lower biomass yield, and different stoichiometry for iron consumption, in comparison to prior Monod formulations based on energetics considerations. We were able to fit an equivalent Monod model, by modifying the reaction stoichiometry and biomass yield coefficient, that could effectively match results of the genome-scale simulation of microbial behaviors under excess nutrient conditions, but predictions of the fitted Monod model deviated from those of the genome-scale model under conditions in which one or more nutrients were limiting. The fitted Monod kinetic model was also applied at the Darcy scale; that is, to simulate average reaction processes at the scale of the entire pore-scale model domain. As we expected, even under excess nutrient conditions for which the Monod and genome-scale models predicted equal reaction rates at the pore scale, the Monod model over-predicted the rates of biomass growth and iron and acetate utilization when applied at the Darcy scale. This discrepancy is caused by an inherent assumption of perfect mixing over the Darcy-scale domain, which is clearly violated in the pore-scale models. These results help to explain the need to modify the flux constraint parameters in order to match observations in previous applications of the genome-scale model at larger scales. These results also motivate further investigation of quantitative multi-scale relationships between fundamental behavior at the pore scale (where genome-scale models are appropriately applied) and observed behavior at larger scales (where predictions of reactive transport phenomena are needed). Abstract Copyright (2013) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Advances in Water Resources AU - Tartakovsky, G D AU - Tartakovsky, A M AU - Scheibe, T D AU - Fang, Y AU - Mahadevan, R AU - Lovley, D R Y1 - 2013/09// PY - 2013 DA - September 2013 SP - 256 EP - 270 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 59 SN - 0309-1708, 0309-1708 KW - soils KW - esters KW - concentration KW - diffusion KW - acetates KW - Geobacter KW - metabolism KW - biochemistry KW - simulation KW - porosity KW - iron KW - remediation KW - models KW - organic compounds KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - reactive transport KW - reduction KW - growth KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1703692625?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.atitle=Pore-scale+simulation+of+microbial+growth+using+a+genome-scale+metabolic+model%3B+implications+for+Darcy-scale+reactive+transport&rft.au=Tartakovsky%2C+G+D%3BTartakovsky%2C+A+M%3BScheibe%2C+T+D%3BFang%2C+Y%3BMahadevan%2C+R%3BLovley%2C+D+R&rft.aulast=Tartakovsky&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2013-09-01&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=&rft.spage=256&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.issn=03091708&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.advwatres.2013.05.007 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03091708 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 68 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acetates; bacteria; biochemistry; chemical reactions; concentration; diffusion; esters; Geobacter; growth; iron; metabolism; metals; models; organic compounds; porosity; reactive transport; reduction; remediation; simulation; soils; transport DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2013.05.007 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 1 kW/1 kWh advanced vanadium redox flow battery utilizing mixed acid electrolytes AN - 1448758679; 18680418 AB - This paper reports on the recent demonstration of an advanced vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) using a newly developed mixed acid (sulfuric and hydrochloric acid) supporting electrolyte at a kW scale. The developed prototype VRFB system is capable of delivering more than 1.1 kW in the operation range of 15-85% state of charge (SOC) at 80 mA cm super(-2) with an energy efficiency of 82% and energy content of 1.4 kWh. The system operated stably without any precipitation at electrolyte temperatures >45 degree C. At similar electrolyte temperatures, tests with a conventional sulfuric acid electrolyte suffered from precipitation after 80 cycles. By operating stably at elevated temperatures (>40 degree C), the mixed acid system enables significant advantages over the conventional sulfate system, namely; 1) high stack energy efficiency due to better kinetics and lower electrolyte resistance, 2) lower viscosity resulting in reduced pumping losses, 3) lower capital cost by elimination of heat exchanger, 4) higher system efficiency and 5) simplified system design and operation. Demonstration of the prototype stack with the mixed acid electrolyte has been shown to lower the cost of conventional VRFB systems for large-scale energy storage applications. JF - Journal of Power Sources AU - Kim, S AU - Thomsen, E AU - Xia, G AU - Nie, Z AU - Bao, J AU - Recknagle, K AU - Wang, W AU - Viswanathan, V AU - Luo, Q AU - Wei, X AU - Crawford, A AU - Coffey, G AU - Maupin, G AU - Sprenkle, V AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA, vincent.sprenkle@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2013/09/01/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Sep 01 SP - 300 EP - 309 PB - Elesevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 237 SN - 0378-7753, 0378-7753 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Vanadium KW - Energy efficiency KW - Electrolytes KW - Batteries KW - Prototypes KW - Energy KW - Kinetics KW - Temperature KW - Capital costs KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1448758679?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.atitle=1+kW%2F1+kWh+advanced+vanadium+redox+flow+battery+utilizing+mixed+acid+electrolytes&rft.au=Kim%2C+S%3BThomsen%2C+E%3BXia%2C+G%3BNie%2C+Z%3BBao%2C+J%3BRecknagle%2C+K%3BWang%2C+W%3BViswanathan%2C+V%3BLuo%2C+Q%3BWei%2C+X%3BCrawford%2C+A%3BCoffey%2C+G%3BMaupin%2C+G%3BSprenkle%2C+V&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2013-09-01&rft.volume=237&rft.issue=&rft.spage=300&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.issn=03787753&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Vanadium; Energy efficiency; Electrolytes; Batteries; Prototypes; Kinetics; Energy; Temperature; Capital costs ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of a coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical model in discontinuous media for carbon sequestration AN - 1448720613; 18609300 AB - Geomechanical alteration of porous media is generally ignored for most shallow subsurface applications, whereas carbon dioxide (CO sub(2)) injection, migration, and trapping in deep saline aquifers will be controlled by coupled multifluid flow, energy transfer, and geomechanical processes. The accurate assessment of the risks associated with potential leakage of injected CO sub(2) and the design of effective injection systems require that we represent these coupled processes within numerical simulators. The objectives of this study were to develop a coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical model into a single software and to examine the coupling of thermal, hydrological, and geomechanical processes for simulation of CO sub(2) injection into the subsurface for carbon sequestration. A numerical model was developed to couple nonisothermal multiphase hydrological and geomechanical processes for prediction of multiple interconnected processes for carbon sequestration in deep saline aquifers. The geomechanics model was based on the Rigid Body-Spring Model (RBSM), a discrete method for modeling discontinuous rock systems. Poisson's effect that was often ignored by RBSM was considered in the model. The simulation of large-scale and long-term coupled processes in carbon capture and storage projects requires large memory and computational performance. The Clobal Array Toolkit was used to build the model to permit high-performance simulations of coupled processes. The model was used to simulate a case study with several scenarios to demonstrate the impacts of considering coupled processes and Poisson's effect for the prediction of CO sub(2) sequestration. As a demonstration of the coupled model, a conceptual 3D model was used to explain the double-lobe uplift pattern observed in the Krechba gas field at In Salah (Algeria), a site that demonstrated the success of a CO sub(2) sequestration effort into a deep saline formation. JF - International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences AU - Fang, Y AU - Nguyen, B N AU - Carroll, K AU - Xu, Z AU - Yabusaki, S B AU - Scheibe, T D AU - Bonneville, A AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352. USA, Yilin.Fang@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2013/09// PY - 2013 DA - Sep 2013 SP - 138 EP - 147 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX United Kingdom VL - 62 SN - 1365-1609, 1365-1609 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Aquifers KW - Prediction KW - Mathematical models KW - Simulators KW - Simulation KW - Injection KW - Trapping KW - Hydrologic Models KW - Carbon KW - Gas fields KW - Rock mechanics KW - Assessments KW - Energy transfer KW - Ground water KW - Mining KW - Groundwater KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Algeria KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - Q2 09170:Nearshore dynamics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1448720613?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Rock+Mechanics+and+Mining+Sciences&rft.atitle=Development+of+a+coupled+thermo-hydro-mechanical+model+in+discontinuous+media+for+carbon+sequestration&rft.au=Fang%2C+Y%3BNguyen%2C+B+N%3BCarroll%2C+K%3BXu%2C+Z%3BYabusaki%2C+S+B%3BScheibe%2C+T+D%3BBonneville%2C+A&rft.aulast=Fang&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2013-09-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=&rft.spage=138&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Rock+Mechanics+and+Mining+Sciences&rft.issn=13651609&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rock mechanics; Mathematical models; Gas fields; Simulators; Energy transfer; Ground water; Simulation; Mining; Carbon dioxide; Prediction; Aquifers; Carbon; Hydrologic Models; Assessments; Groundwater; Trapping; Injection; Carbon Dioxide; Algeria ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cross-linking and mass spectrometry methodologies to facilitate structural biology: finding a path through the maze AN - 1439232434; 18603913 AB - Multiprotein complexes, rather than individual proteins, make up a large part of the biological macromolecular machinery of a cell. Understanding the structure and organization of these complexes is critical to understanding cellular function. Chemical cross-linking coupled with mass spectrometry is emerging as a complementary technique to traditional structural biology methods and can provide low-resolution structural information for a multitude of purposes, such as distance constraints in computational modeling of protein complexes. In this review, we discuss the experimental considerations for successful application of chemical cross-linking-mass spectrometry in biological studies and highlight three examples of such studies from the recent literature. These examples (as well as many others) illustrate the utility of a chemical cross-linking-mass spectrometry approach in facilitating structural analysis of large and challenging complexes. JF - Journal of Structural and Functional Genomics AU - Merkley, Eric D AU - Cort, John R AU - Adkins, Joshua N AD - MS K8-98, Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA, Eric.Merkley@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2013/09// PY - 2013 DA - Sep 2013 SP - 77 EP - 90 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 14 IS - 3 SN - 1345-711X, 1345-711X KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - Macromolecules KW - Structure-function relationships KW - Computer applications KW - Mass spectroscopy KW - Spectrometry KW - G 07730:Development & Cell Cycle KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1439232434?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Structural+and+Functional+Genomics&rft.atitle=Cross-linking+and+mass+spectrometry+methodologies+to+facilitate+structural+biology%3A+finding+a+path+through+the+maze&rft.au=Merkley%2C+Eric+D%3BCort%2C+John+R%3BAdkins%2C+Joshua+N&rft.aulast=Merkley&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft.date=2013-09-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=77&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Structural+and+Functional+Genomics&rft.issn=1345711X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10969-013-9160-z LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 76 N1 - Last updated - 2013-10-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Macromolecules; Structure-function relationships; Computer applications; Mass spectroscopy; Spectrometry DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10969-013-9160-z ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact of pregnancy on the pharmacokinetics of dibenzo[def,p]chrysene in mice. AN - 1427748614; 23744095 AB - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous environmental contaminants generated during combustion. Dibenzo[def,p]chrysene (DBC) is a high molecular weight PAH classified as a 2B carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. DBC crosses the placenta in exposed mice, causing carcinogenicity in offspring. We present pharmacokinetic data of DBC in pregnant and nonpregnant mice. Pregnant (gestational day 17) and nonpregnant female B6129SF1/J mice were exposed to 15mg/kg DBC by oral gavage. Subgroups of mice were sacrificed up to 48h postdosing, and blood, excreta, and tissues were analyzed for DBC and its major diol and tetrol metabolites. Elevated maximum concentrations and areas under the curve of DBC and its metabolites were observed in blood and tissues of pregnant animals compared with naïve mice. Using a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model, we found observed differences in pharmacokinetics could not be attributed solely to changes in tissue volumes and blood flows that occur during pregnancy. Measurement of enzyme activity in naïve and pregnant mice by activity-based protein profiling indicated a 2- to 10-fold reduction in activities of many of the enzymes relevant to PAH metabolism. Incorporating this reduction into the PBPK model improved model predictions. Concentrations of DBC in fetuses were one to two orders of magnitude below maternal blood concentrations, whereas metabolite concentrations closely resembled those observed in maternal blood. JF - Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Crowell, Susan Ritger AU - Sharma, Arun K AU - Amin, Shantu AU - Soelberg, Jolen J AU - Sadler, Natalie C AU - Wright, Aaron T AU - Baird, William M AU - Williams, David E AU - Corley, Richard A AD - Fundamental and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA. susan.crowell@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2013/09// PY - 2013 DA - September 2013 SP - 48 EP - 62 VL - 135 IS - 1 KW - Benzopyrenes KW - 0 KW - Carcinogens KW - Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases KW - EC 1.14.14.1 KW - Cyp1b1 protein, mouse KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP1B1 KW - dibenzo(a,l)pyrene KW - G3X629VE4A KW - Index Medicus KW - gestation. KW - pregnancy KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - dibenzo[def KW - PBPK modeling KW - p]chrysene KW - Animals KW - Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases -- physiology KW - Mice KW - Tissue Distribution KW - Models, Biological KW - Male KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Pregnancy, Animal -- metabolism KW - Carcinogens -- pharmacokinetics KW - Benzopyrenes -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1427748614?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+sciences+%3A+an+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Impact+of+pregnancy+on+the+pharmacokinetics+of+dibenzo%5Bdef%2Cp%5Dchrysene+in+mice.&rft.au=Crowell%2C+Susan+Ritger%3BSharma%2C+Arun+K%3BAmin%2C+Shantu%3BSoelberg%2C+Jolen+J%3BSadler%2C+Natalie+C%3BWright%2C+Aaron+T%3BBaird%2C+William+M%3BWilliams%2C+David+E%3BCorley%2C+Richard+A&rft.aulast=Crowell&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=2013-09-01&rft.volume=135&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=48&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+sciences+%3A+an+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=1096-0929&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Ftoxsci%2Fkft124 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2014-05-14 N1 - Date created - 2013-08-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Chem Res Toxicol. 1994 Mar-Apr;7(2):125-9 [8199298] Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2008 Jul;1(2):128-34 [19138945] Carcinogenesis. 1995 Jun;16(6):1319-27 [7788849] J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1995 Sep-Oct;10(5):585-8 [8963035] Toxicol Ind Health. 1997 Jul-Aug;13(4):407-84 [9249929] Carcinogenesis. 1997 Oct;18(10):1955-63 [9364006] Carcinogenesis. 1998 Apr;19(4):639-48 [9600349] Gynecol Obstet Invest. 1998;45(4):221-4 [9623784] Exp Mol Pathol. 2005 Feb;78(1):64-70 [15596063] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2005 Aug 1;206(1):73-93 [15963346] Cancer Res. 2006 Jan 15;66(2):755-62 [16424006] Mass Spectrom Rev. 2006 May-Jun;25(3):450-82 [16429408] Chem Biol. 2007 Sep;14(9):1043-51 [17884636] Chem Res Toxicol. 2008 Jan;21(1):189-205 [18052110] Bioinformatics. 2008 Jul 1;24(13):1556-8 [18453552] J Proteome Res. 2008 Aug;7(8):3354-63 [18597511] Toxicol Sci. 2008 Oct;105(2):260-74 [18593729] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2008 Dec 15;233(3):454-8 [18848954] J Pharm Sci. 2000 Jan;89(1):16-35 [10664535] Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2000 Oct;279(4):R1478-85 [11004018] Chem Res Toxicol. 2002 Sep;15(9):1127-35 [12230405] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2002 Sep 15;183(3):168-78 [12383708] J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods. 2002 Mar-Apr;47(2):115-20 [12459151] J Am Chem Soc. 2003 Apr 23;125(16):4686-7 [12696868] Drug Metab Dispos. 2003 Nov;31(11):1346-51 [14570766] J Org Chem. 2004 May 28;69(11):3979-82 [15153038] Chem Biol Interact. 2004 Jun 30;148(1-2):27-36 [15223354] Drug Metab Dispos. 1975 Sep-Oct;3(5):325-31 [241612] Toxicology. 1987 Dec 14;47(3):235-45 [3424381] J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 1989;115(1):67-72 [2921274] Drug Metab Dispos. 1991 Jan-Feb;19(1):144-8 [1673388] Carcinogenesis. 1991 Oct;12(10):1939-44 [1934274] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1992 Feb;112(2):245-56 [1539162] Carcinogenesis. 1993 May;14(5):875-8 [8504480] Cancer Lett. 1993 Jun 15;70(1-2):7-14 [8330304] Toxicol Sci. 2009 Apr;108(2):258-72 [19223661] Curr Drug Metab. 2009 Jun;10(5):520-9 [19689248] J Am Chem Soc. 2009 Aug 5;131(30):10692-700 [19583257] IARC Monogr Eval Carcinog Risks Hum. 2010;92:1-853 [21141735] Anal Chem. 2011 Aug 15;83(16):6135-40 [21692516] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2011 Dec 15;257(3):365-76 [22001385] Cancer Lett. 2012 Apr 1;317(1):49-55 [22085489] Chem Biol. 2013 Jan 24;20(1):123-33 [23352146] Anal Chem. 1995 Apr 15;67(8):1426-36 [7741214] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kft124 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - General model for calcite growth kinetics in the presence of impurity ions AN - 1464885244; 2013-090796 AB - The concentrations of Sr, Mg and other elements in calcite are widely used to infer the conditions of mineral growth. However, such inferences are dependent on the mechanisms that govern the incorporation of minor constituents into the calcite lattice during growth. A particularly confusing observation is that both Sr and Mg are readily incorporated into growing calcite crystals at low concentrations but inhibit calcite growth at higher concentrations. Here we show that the growth rate dependence of Sr and Mg incorporation into calcite, as well the inhibitory effects on calcite growth of both incorporating and non-incorporating ions, can be predicted with an ion-by-ion crystal growth model where ion attachment is confined to kink sites on the crystal surface. The exchange of ions between active growth (kink) sites on the mineral surface and aqueous solution governs both the efficiency of incorporation of minor constituents and the kinetics of mineral precipitation. Ions such as Sr and Mg in calcite, that are not stoichiometric constituents, may attach to kink sites and impede crystal growth by either blocking propagation of the kink (kink blocking), or if incorporated into the growing mineral, straining the local crystal lattice, and hence increasing the mineral solubility (incorporation inhibition). Here we investigate the effects of including these growth inhibition mechanisms into a microscopic model for crystal growth based on kink creation, propagation and collision (CPC) theory. This model predicts that kink blocking by either incorporated or non-incorporated ions causes an exponential decrease in mineral growth rate with increasing impurity concentration, while incorporation inhibition results in more complicated functional forms of the growth rate effect depending on the thermodynamics of the solid solution. Applying this model to existing data on the partitioning of strontium and magnesium into calcite and the simultaneous effects on growth kinetics and mineral composition, we find that strontium uptake inhibits growth by enhancing mineral solubility while magnesium inhibits growth primarily by kink blocking. Our model should be widely applicable to understanding the impurity content of a large range of sparingly soluble minerals that form by precipitation from aqueous solutions. Abstract Copyright (2013) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Nielsen, Laura C AU - De Yoreo, James J AU - DePaolo, Donald J Y1 - 2013/08/15/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Aug 15 SP - 100 EP - 114 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 115 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - lattice KW - impurities KW - crystal growth KW - equations KW - aqueous solutions KW - solid solution KW - calcite KW - models KW - chemical reactions KW - precipitation KW - mathematical methods KW - thermodynamic properties KW - crystal chemistry KW - chemical composition KW - kinetics KW - carbonates KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1464885244?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=General+model+for+calcite+growth+kinetics+in+the+presence+of+impurity+ions&rft.au=Nielsen%2C+Laura+C%3BDe+Yoreo%2C+James+J%3BDePaolo%2C+Donald+J&rft.aulast=Nielsen&rft.aufirst=Laura&rft.date=2013-08-15&rft.volume=115&rft.issue=&rft.spage=100&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2013.04.001 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 77 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2013-12-05 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aqueous solutions; calcite; carbonates; chemical composition; chemical reactions; crystal chemistry; crystal growth; equations; impurities; kinetics; lattice; mathematical methods; models; precipitation; solid solution; thermodynamic properties DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2013.04.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of temperature and pressure on the performance of a solid oxide fuel cell running on steam reformate of kerosene AN - 1448759338; 18680376 AB - A button solid oxide fuel cell with a La sub(0.6)Sr sub(0.4)Co sub(0.2)Fe sub(0.8)O sub(3) cathode and a nickel-YSZ anode was tested over a range of temperatures from 650 to 800 degree C and a range of pressures from 101 to 724 kPa. The fuel was simulated steam-reformed kerosene and the oxidant was air. The observed increases in open circuit voltages (OCVs) at elevated pressures were accurately predicted by the Nernst equation. Kinetics also increased with the pressure, although the power boost due to improved kinetics was just more than half as large as the boost due to increased OCV. The power boost increased almost linearly with the logarithm of pressure. At constant voltage the relative power boost due to increased pressure was higher at higher temperatures. At constant current the relative power boost was the same for all temperatures. When the pressure was increased from 101 to 724 kPa, the total power boost at 750 degree C and 0.8 V was 66%. A significant decrease in electrodic losses at elevated pressures was observed by impedance spectroscopy. Complex impedance spectra were dominated by a combination of low frequency processes that decreased markedly with increasing pressure. A composite of high-frequency processes also decreased with pressure, but to a lesser extent. JF - Journal of Power Sources AU - Chick, LA AU - Marina, O A AU - Coyle, CA AU - Thomsen, E C AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 904 Battelle Blvd., Richland, WA 99352, USA, larry.chick@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2013/08/15/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Aug 15 SP - 341 EP - 349 PB - Elesevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 236 SN - 0378-7753, 0378-7753 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Fuel technology KW - Kinetics KW - Fuels KW - Temperature KW - Kerosene KW - Spectroscopy KW - Oxidants KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1448759338?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.atitle=Effects+of+temperature+and+pressure+on+the+performance+of+a+solid+oxide+fuel+cell+running+on+steam+reformate+of+kerosene&rft.au=Chick%2C+LA%3BMarina%2C+O+A%3BCoyle%2C+CA%3BThomsen%2C+E+C&rft.aulast=Chick&rft.aufirst=LA&rft.date=2013-08-15&rft.volume=236&rft.issue=&rft.spage=341&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.issn=03787753&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fuel technology; Fuels; Kinetics; Temperature; Spectroscopy; Kerosene; Oxidants ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simply AlF sub(3)-treated Li sub(4)Ti sub(5)O sub(12) composite anode materials for stable and ultrahigh power lithium-ion batteries AN - 1753556676; 18680357 AB - The commercial Li sub(4)Ti sub(5)O sub(12) (LTO) is successfully modified by AlF sub(3) via a low temperature process. After being calcined at 400 degree C for 5 h, AlF sub(3) reacts with LTO to form a composite material which mainly consists of Al super(3+) and F super(-) co-doped LTO with small amounts of anatase TiO sub(2). Al super(3+) and F super(-) co-doped LTO demonstrates ultrahigh rate capability comparing to the pristine LTO. Since the amount of the byproduct TiO sub(2) is relatively small, the modified LTO electrodes retain the main voltage characteristics of LTO with a minor feature similar to those of anatase TiO sub(2). The doped LTO anodes deliver slightly higher discharge capacity and maintain the excellent long-term cycling stability when compared to the pristine LTO anode. Therefore, Al super(3+) and F super(-) co-doped LTO composite material synthesized at low temperature is an excellent anode for stable and ultra-high power lithium-ion batteries. JF - Journal of Power Sources AU - Xu, W AU - Chen, X AU - Wang, W AU - Choi, D AU - Ding, F AU - Zheng, J AU - Nie, Z AU - Choi, Y J AU - Zhang, J-G AU - Yang, Z G AD - Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, United States wu.xu@pnnl.gov PY - 2013 SP - 169 EP - 174 PB - Elesevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 236 SN - 0378-7753, 0378-7753 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Advanced Polymers Abstracts (EP); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Composites Industry Abstracts (ED); Engineered Materials Abstracts, Ceramics (EC); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Composite materials KW - Titanium dioxide KW - Voltage KW - Electrodes KW - Byproducts KW - Anodes KW - Anatase KW - Electric potential KW - Lithium batteries UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1753556676?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.atitle=Simply+AlF+sub%283%29-treated+Li+sub%284%29Ti+sub%285%29O+sub%2812%29+composite+anode+materials+for+stable+and+ultrahigh+power+lithium-ion+batteries&rft.au=Xu%2C+W%3BChen%2C+X%3BWang%2C+W%3BChoi%2C+D%3BDing%2C+F%3BZheng%2C+J%3BNie%2C+Z%3BChoi%2C+Y+J%3BZhang%2C+J-G%3BYang%2C+Z+G&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2013-08-05&rft.volume=236&rft.issue=&rft.spage=169&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.issn=03787753&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-06 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of acidic and alkaline waste solution properties on uranium migration in subsurface sediments AN - 1800393122; 2016-054619 AB - This study shows that acidic and alkaline wastes co-disposed with uranium into subsurface sediments have significant impact on changes in uranium retardation, concentration, and mass during downward migration. For uranium co-disposal with acidic wastes, significant rapid (i.e., hours) carbonate and slow (i.e., 100s of hours) clay dissolution resulted, releasing significant sediment-associated uranium, but the extent of uranium release and mobility change was controlled by the acid mass added relative to the sediment proton adsorption capacity. Mineral dissolution in acidic solutions (pH2) resulted in a rapid (<10h) increase in aqueous carbonate (with Ca (super 2+) , Mg (super 2+) ) and phosphate and a slow (100s of hours) increase in silica, Al (super 3+) , and K (super +) , likely from 2:1 clay dissolution. Infiltration of uranium with a strong acid resulted in significant shallow uranium mineral dissolution and deeper uranium precipitation (likely as phosphates and carbonates) with downward uranium migration of three times greater mass at a faster velocity relative to uranium infiltration in pH neutral groundwater. In contrast, mineral dissolution in an alkaline environment (pH13) resulted in a rapid (<10h) increase in carbonate, followed by a slow (10s to 100s of hours) increase in silica concentration, likely from montmorillonite, muscovite, and kaolinite dissolution. Infiltration of uranium with a strong base resulted in not only uranium-silicate precipitation (presumed Na-boltwoodite) but also desorption of natural uranium on the sediment due to the high ionic strength solution, or 60% greater mass with greater retardation compared with groundwater. Overall, these results show that acidic or alkaline co-contaminant disposal with uranium can result in complex depth- and time-dependent changes in uranium dissolution/precipitation reactions and uranium sorption, which alter the uranium migration mass, concentration, and velocity. Abstract Copyright (2013) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Szecsody, Jim E AU - Truex, Mike J AU - Qafoku, Nikolla P AU - Wellman, Dawn M AU - Resch, Tom AU - Zhong, Lirong Y1 - 2013/08// PY - 2013 DA - August 2013 SP - 155 EP - 175 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 151 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - silicates KW - waste water KW - mass spectra KW - hydrogeology KW - aqueous solutions KW - reservoir rocks KW - Cold Creek Unit KW - mineral composition KW - mineral assemblages KW - pH KW - experimental studies KW - Quaternary KW - pollutants KW - Hanford Site KW - properties KW - migration of elements KW - adsorption KW - alkalic composition KW - Tertiary KW - ion chromatograms KW - soil pollution KW - Pleistocene KW - uranium KW - mobilization KW - United States KW - lithostratigraphy KW - isotopes KW - phase transitions KW - environmental analysis KW - Cenozoic KW - radioactive isotopes KW - chemical reactions KW - phase equilibria KW - sediments KW - acidic composition KW - spectra KW - water pollution KW - Washington KW - pollution KW - Ringold Formation KW - Miocene KW - clay minerals KW - ICP mass spectra KW - precipitation KW - Neogene KW - metals KW - infiltration KW - chromatograms KW - sheet silicates KW - reservoir properties KW - actinides KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1800393122?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Influence+of+acidic+and+alkaline+waste+solution+properties+on+uranium+migration+in+subsurface+sediments&rft.au=Szecsody%2C+Jim+E%3BTruex%2C+Mike+J%3BQafoku%2C+Nikolla+P%3BWellman%2C+Dawn+M%3BResch%2C+Tom%3BZhong%2C+Lirong&rft.aulast=Szecsody&rft.aufirst=Jim&rft.date=2013-08-01&rft.volume=151&rft.issue=&rft.spage=155&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jconhyd.2013.05.009 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 46 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 9 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidic composition; actinides; adsorption; alkalic composition; aqueous solutions; Cenozoic; chemical reactions; chromatograms; clay minerals; Cold Creek Unit; environmental analysis; experimental studies; Hanford Site; hydrogeology; ICP mass spectra; infiltration; ion chromatograms; isotopes; lithostratigraphy; mass spectra; metals; migration of elements; mineral assemblages; mineral composition; Miocene; mobilization; Neogene; pH; phase equilibria; phase transitions; Pleistocene; pollutants; pollution; precipitation; properties; Quaternary; radioactive isotopes; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; Ringold Formation; sediments; sheet silicates; silicates; soil pollution; spectra; Tertiary; United States; uranium; Washington; waste water; water pollution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2013.05.009 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Efficient multi-objective calibration of a computationally intensive hydrologic model with parallel computing software in Python AN - 1735925391; PQ0002257729 AB - With enhanced data availability, distributed watershed models for large areas with high spatial and temporal resolution are increasingly used to understand water budgets and examine effects of human activities and climate change/variability on water resources. Developing parallel computing software to improve calibration efficiency has received growing attention of the watershed modeling community as it is very time demanding to run iteratively complex models for calibration. In this research, we introduce a Python-based parallel computing package, PP-SWAT, for efficient calibration of the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. This software employs Python, MPI for Python (mpi4py) and OpenMPI to parallelize A Multi-method Genetically Adaptive Multi-objective Optimization Algorithm (AMALGAM), allowing for simultaneously addressing multiple objectives in calibrating SWAT. Test results on a Linux computer cluster showed that PP-SWAT can achieve a speedup of 45-109 depending on model complexity. Increasing the processor count beyond a certain threshold does not necessarily improve efficiency, because intensified resource competition may result in an I/O bottleneck. The efficiency achieved by PP-SWAT also makes it practical to implement multiple parameter adjustment schemes operating at different scales in affordable time, which helps provide SWAT users with a wider range of options of parameter sets to choose from for model(s) selection. PP-SWAT was not designed to address errors associated with other sources (e.g. model structure) and cautious supervision of its power should be exercised in order to attain physically meaningful calibration results. JF - Environmental Modelling & Software AU - Zhang, Xuesong AU - Beeson, Peter AU - Link, Robert AU - Manowitz, David AU - Izaurralde, Roberto C AU - Sadeghi, Ali AU - Thomson, Allison M AU - Sahajpal, Ritvik AU - Srinivasan, Raghavan AU - Arnold, Jeffrey G AD - Joint Global Change Research Institute, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20740, USA Y1 - 2013/08// PY - 2013 DA - August 2013 SP - 208 EP - 218 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX United Kingdom VL - 46 SN - 1364-8152, 1364-8152 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Parallel processing KW - Evolutionary multi-objective optimization KW - High performance computer KW - Soil and water assessment tool KW - Parameter calibration KW - Variability KW - Water resources data KW - Water budget KW - Ecological distribution KW - Climate change KW - Algorithms KW - Hydrologic Budget KW - Water resources KW - Man-induced effects KW - Model Testing KW - Watersheds KW - Environmental factors KW - Soil KW - Computer programs KW - Hydrologic Models KW - Calibrations KW - Assessments KW - Climatic variability KW - Soils KW - Competition KW - Climatic change influences on water resources KW - Hydrologic models KW - Climate models KW - Mathematical models KW - Human factors KW - Optimization KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - SW 0845:Water in soils KW - M2 556:General (556) KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 16:Renewable Resources-Water UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1735925391?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Modelling+%26+Software&rft.atitle=Efficient+multi-objective+calibration+of+a+computationally+intensive+hydrologic+model+with+parallel+computing+software+in+Python&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Xuesong%3BBeeson%2C+Peter%3BLink%2C+Robert%3BManowitz%2C+David%3BIzaurralde%2C+Roberto+C%3BSadeghi%2C+Ali%3BThomson%2C+Allison+M%3BSahajpal%2C+Ritvik%3BSrinivasan%2C+Raghavan%3BArnold%2C+Jeffrey+G&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Xuesong&rft.date=2013-08-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=&rft.spage=208&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Modelling+%26+Software&rft.issn=13648152&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.envsoft.2013.03.013 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mathematical models; Water budget; Ecological distribution; Climate change; Soils; Man-induced effects; Water resources; Watersheds; Environmental factors; Water resources data; Climate models; Climatic variability; Algorithms; Climatic change influences on water resources; Hydrologic models; Soil; Computer programs; Human factors; Competition; Variability; Hydrologic Models; Assessments; Calibrations; Hydrologic Budget; Model Testing; Optimization DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2013.03.013 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Hierarchical Evaluation of Regional Climate Simulations AN - 1712570898; PQ0001956952 AB - Global climate models (GCMs) are the primary tools for predicting the evolution of the climate system. Through decades of development, GCMs have demonstrated useful skill in simulating climate at continental to global scales. However, large uncertainties remain in projecting climate change at regional scales, which limits the ability of scientists to help decision makers in cities and communities strategize how best to adapt to and mitigate climate change. JF - EOS, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Leung, LRuby AU - Ringler, Todd AU - Collins, William D AU - Taylor, Mark AU - Ashfaq, Moetasim AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Wash. Y1 - 2013/08// PY - 2013 DA - August 2013 SP - 297 EP - 298 PB - Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., 1105 N Market St Wilmington DE 19801 VL - 94 IS - 34 SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Cities KW - Global climate KW - Climate models KW - Numerical simulations KW - General circulation models KW - Climate KW - Climate change KW - Simulation KW - Regional climates KW - American Geophysical Union KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1712570898?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=EOS%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=A+Hierarchical+Evaluation+of+Regional+Climate+Simulations&rft.au=Leung%2C+LRuby%3BRingler%2C+Todd%3BCollins%2C+William+D%3BTaylor%2C+Mark%3BAshfaq%2C+Moetasim&rft.aulast=Leung&rft.aufirst=LRuby&rft.date=2013-08-01&rft.volume=94&rft.issue=34&rft.spage=297&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=EOS%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2013EO340001 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Global climate; Climate models; Numerical simulations; General circulation models; Climate change; Regional climates; American Geophysical Union; Cities; Climate; Simulation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2013EO340001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dissipative particle dynamics model for colloid transport in porous media AN - 1700097449; 2015-072130 AB - We use a dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) model to study colloid transport in porous media. Unlike many existing numerical models, the DPD model directly couples dynamics of the fluid and colloidal particles. In the model, fluid, colloids, and soil grains are all represented by DPD particles. The interaction between particles is modeled by central and non-central DPD forces, which conserve both linear and angular momentums exactly. Additional van der Waals forces are applied between colloids and collectors. Other transport processes, including gravitational sedimentation, interception of colloids by soil grains (acting as colloid collectors) due to a finite size of colloids, and the Brownian diffusion of colloids are also included in the DPD model. We use the DPD model to study the contact efficiency in colloid filtration in saturated porous media and compare our results with empirical models based on filtration theory. Results of the DPD model agree well with the empirical models for low-concentration suspensions and colloids being small relative to the collector size. For colloid suspensions with larger colloids (relative to the collector size) and/or higher concentration, the agreement between the DPD model and the empirical models deteriorates. In the transport of a concentrated suspension of large colloids, the fluid flow is strongly affected by the linear and angular motions of the colloids, which are mainly disregarded in filtration theory. On the other hand, the DPD model fully couples the fluid flow and colloid transport and, thus, is expected to be accurate for a wide range of colloid sizes and concentrations. Abstract Copyright (2013) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Advances in Water Resources AU - Pan, W AU - Tartakovsky, A M Y1 - 2013/08// PY - 2013 DA - August 2013 SP - 41 EP - 48 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 58 SN - 0309-1708, 0309-1708 KW - colloidal materials KW - numerical models KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - fluid flow KW - porous materials KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - models KW - transport KW - hydrodynamics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1700097449?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.atitle=Dissipative+particle+dynamics+model+for+colloid+transport+in+porous+media&rft.au=Pan%2C+W%3BTartakovsky%2C+A+M&rft.aulast=Pan&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2013-08-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=&rft.spage=41&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.issn=03091708&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.advwatres.2013.04.004 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03091708 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; colloidal materials; fluid flow; ground water; hydrodynamics; models; numerical models; pollutants; pollution; porous materials; simulation; transport DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2013.04.004 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Climate model response from the Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project (GeoMIP) AN - 1611639333; 20764471 AB - Solar geoengineering-deliberate reduction in the amount of solar radiation retained by the Earth-has been proposed as a means of counteracting some of the climatic effects of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. We present results from Experiment G1 of the Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project, in which 12 climate models have simulated the climate response to an abrupt quadrupling of CO sub(2) from preindustrial concentrations brought into radiative balance via a globally uniform reduction in insolation. Models show this reduction largely offsets global mean surface temperature increases due to quadrupled CO sub(2) concentrations and prevents 97% of the Arctic sea ice loss that would otherwise occur under high CO sub(2) levels but, compared to the preindustrial climate, leaves the tropics cooler (-0.3K) and the poles warmer (+0.8K). Annual mean precipitation minus evaporation anomalies for G1 are less than 0.2mmday super(-1) in magnitude over 92% of the globe, but some tropical regions receive less precipitation, in part due to increased moist static stability and suppression of convection. Global average net primary productivity increases by 120% in G1 over simulated preindustrial levels, primarily from CO sub(2) fertilization, but also in part due to reduced plant heat stress compared to a high CO sub(2) world with no geoengineering. All models show that uniform solar geoengineering in G1 cannot simultaneously return regional and global temperature and hydrologic cycle intensity to preindustrial levels. Key Points * Temperature reduction from uniform geoengineering is not uniform * Geoengineering cannot offset both temperature and hydrology changes * NPP increases mostly due to CO2 fertilization JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres AU - Kravitz, Ben AU - Caldeira, Ken AU - Boucher, Olivier AU - Robock, Alan AU - Rasch, Philip J AU - Alterskjaer, Kari AU - Karam, Diana Bou AU - Cole, Jason NS AU - Curry, Charles L AU - Haywood, James M AU - Irvine, Peter J AU - Ji, Duoying AU - Jones, Andy AU - Kristjansson, Jon Egill AU - Lunt, Daniel J AU - Moore, John C AU - Niemeier, Ulrike AU - Schmidt, Hauke AU - Schulz, Michael AU - Singh, Balwinder AU - Tilmes, Simone AU - Watanabe, Shingo AU - Yang, Shuting AU - Yoon, Jin-Ho AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA. Y1 - 2013/08// PY - 2013 DA - August 2013 SP - 8320 EP - 8332 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD United Kingdom VL - 118 IS - 15 SN - 2169-897X, 2169-897X KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Convection KW - Vertical stability KW - Climatic effects KW - Global temperatures KW - Evaporation KW - Climate change KW - Solar radiation KW - Primary production KW - Fertilization KW - Hydrologic Models KW - Hydrology KW - Heat stress KW - Modelling KW - Temperature effects KW - Solar emissions KW - Climate models KW - Mean precipitation KW - Solar models KW - Climates KW - Temperature KW - Leaves KW - Solar cycle KW - Insolation KW - Greenhouse effect KW - Precipitation KW - Hydrologic cycle KW - PN, Arctic KW - Heat KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q2 09223:Optical properties KW - SW 0810:General KW - M2 551.326:Floating Ice (551.326) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1611639333?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.atitle=Climate+model+response+from+the+Geoengineering+Model+Intercomparison+Project+%28GeoMIP%29&rft.au=Kravitz%2C+Ben%3BCaldeira%2C+Ken%3BBoucher%2C+Olivier%3BRobock%2C+Alan%3BRasch%2C+Philip+J%3BAlterskjaer%2C+Kari%3BKaram%2C+Diana+Bou%3BCole%2C+Jason+NS%3BCurry%2C+Charles+L%3BHaywood%2C+James+M%3BIrvine%2C+Peter+J%3BJi%2C+Duoying%3BJones%2C+Andy%3BKristjansson%2C+Jon+Egill%3BLunt%2C+Daniel+J%3BMoore%2C+John+C%3BNiemeier%2C+Ulrike%3BSchmidt%2C+Hauke%3BSchulz%2C+Michael%3BSingh%2C+Balwinder%3BTilmes%2C+Simone%3BWatanabe%2C+Shingo%3BYang%2C+Shuting%3BYoon%2C+Jin-Ho&rft.aulast=Kravitz&rft.aufirst=Ben&rft.date=2013-08-01&rft.volume=118&rft.issue=15&rft.spage=8320&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.issn=2169897X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fjgrd.50646 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Convection; Temperature effects; Vertical stability; Climate change; Greenhouse effect; Carbon dioxide; Hydrologic cycle; Primary production; Modelling; Climatic effects; Climate models; Solar emissions; Global temperatures; Mean precipitation; Evaporation; Solar models; Insolation; Solar cycle; Precipitation; Solar radiation; Hydrology; Heat stress; Fertilization; Hydrologic Models; Heat; Climates; Leaves; Temperature; Carbon Dioxide; PN, Arctic DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jgrd.50646 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Silane modification of glass and silica surfaces to obtain equally oil-wet surfaces in glass-covered silicon micromodel applications AN - 1566837476; 20688899 AB - Wettability is a key parameter influencing capillary pressures, permeabilities, fingering mechanisms, and saturations in multiphase flow processes within porous media. Glass-covered silicon micromodels provide precise structures in which pore-scale displacement processes can be visualized. The wettability of silicon and glass surfaces can be modified by silanization. However, similar treatments of glass and silica surfaces using the same silane do not necessarily yield the same wettability as determined by the oil-water contact angle. In this study, surface cleaning pretreatments were investigated to determine conditions that yield oil-wet surfaces on glass with similar wettability to silica surfaces treated with the same silane, and both air-water and oil-water contact angles were determined. Borosilicate glass surfaces cleaned with standard cleaning solution 1 (SC1) yield intermediate-wet surfaces when silanized with hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS), while the same cleaning and silanization yields oil-wet surfaces on silica. However, cleaning glass in boiling concentrated nitric acid creates a surface that can be silanized to obtain oil-wet surfaces using HMDS. Moreover, this method is effective on glass with prior thermal treatment at an elevated temperature of 400 degree C. In this way, silica and glass can be silanized to obtain equally oil-wet surfaces using HMDS. It is demonstrated that pretreatment and silanization is feasible in silicon-silica/glass micromodels previously assembled by anodic bonding, and that the change in wettability has a significant observable effect on immiscible fluid displacements in the pore network. Key Points * Wettability is a key parameter affecting multiphase flow in porous media. * Micromodels of silicon and glass can be silanized to alter wettability. * Silica and glass were silanized to obtain equally oil-wet surfaces JF - Water Resources Research AU - Grate, Jay W AU - Warner, Marvin G AU - Pittman, Jonathan W AU - Dehoff, Karl J AU - Wietsma, Thomas W AU - Zhang, Changyong AU - Oostrom, Mart AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA. Y1 - 2013/08// PY - 2013 DA - Aug 2013 SP - 4724 EP - 4729 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 United States VL - 49 IS - 8 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - wettability KW - contact angle KW - silanization KW - glass KW - silica KW - surface modification KW - micromodel KW - porous media KW - pore network KW - immiscible displacement KW - Silicon KW - Water resources KW - Wettability KW - Permeability KW - Yield KW - Bonding KW - Temperature effects KW - Porous Media KW - Groundwater flow KW - Multiphase flow KW - Flow in porous media KW - Nitric acids KW - Adhesion KW - Air-water interface KW - Multiphase Flow KW - Cleaning KW - Silica KW - Standards KW - Water resources research KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - SW 0810:General KW - M2 556.18:Water Management (556.18) KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1566837476?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Silane+modification+of+glass+and+silica+surfaces+to+obtain+equally+oil-wet+surfaces+in+glass-covered+silicon+micromodel+applications&rft.au=Grate%2C+Jay+W%3BWarner%2C+Marvin+G%3BPittman%2C+Jonathan+W%3BDehoff%2C+Karl+J%3BWietsma%2C+Thomas+W%3BZhang%2C+Changyong%3BOostrom%2C+Mart&rft.aulast=Grate&rft.aufirst=Jay&rft.date=2013-08-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=4724&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fwrcr.20367 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-11 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Permeability; Silicon; Silica; Water resources; Multiphase flow; Nitric acids; Air-water interface; Adhesion; Groundwater flow; Flow in porous media; Water resources research; Yield; Porous Media; Bonding; Standards; Wettability; Multiphase Flow; Cleaning DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20367 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experimental study of potential wellbore cement carbonation by various phases of carbon dioxide during geologic carbon sequestration AN - 1492589742; 2014-007320 AB - Hydrated Portland cement was reacted with CO (sub 2) in supercritical, gaseous and aqueous phases to understand the potential cement alteration processes along the length of a wellbore, extending from a deep CO (sub 2) storage reservoir to the shallow subsurface during geologic carbon sequestration. The 3-D X-ray microtomography (XMT) images showed that the cement alteration was significantly more extensive with CO (sub 2) -saturated synthetic groundwater than dry or wet supercritical CO (sub 2) at high P (10 MPa)-T (50 degrees C) conditions. Scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) analysis also exhibited a systematic Ca depletion and C enrichment in cement matrix exposed to CO (sub 2) -saturated groundwater. Integrated XMT, XRD and SEM-EDS analyses identified the formation of an extensive carbonated zone filled with CaCO (sub 3) (s), as well as a porous degradation front and an outermost silica-rich zone in cement after exposure to CO (sub 2) -saturated groundwater. Cement alteration by CO (sub 2) -saturated groundwater for 2-8 months overall decreased the porosity from 31% to 22% and the permeability by an order of magnitude. Cement alteration by dry or wet supercritical CO (sub 2) was slow and minor compared to CO (sub 2) -saturated groundwater. A thin single carbonation zone was formed in cement after exposure to wet supercritical CO (sub 2) for 8 months or dry supercritical CO (sub 2) for 15 months. An extensive calcite coating was formed on the outside surface of a cement sample after exposure to wet gaseous CO (sub 2) for 1-3 months. The chemical-physical characterization of hydrated Portland cement after exposure to various phases of CO (sub 2) indicates that the extent of cement carbonation can be significantly heterogeneous depending on the CO (sub 2) phase present in the wellbore environment. Both experimental and geochemical modeling results suggest that wellbore cement exposure to supercritical, gaseous and aqueous phases of CO (sub 2) during geologic C sequestration is unlikely to damage the wellbore integrity because cement alteration by all phases of CO (sub 2) is dominated by carbonation reactions. This is consistent with previous field studies of wellbore cement with extensive carbonation after exposure to CO (sub 2) for three decades. However, XMT imaging indicates that preferential cement alteration by supercritical CO (sub 2) or CO (sub 2) -saturated groundwater can occur along the cement-steel or cement-rock interfaces. This highlights the importance of further investigation of cement degradation along the interfaces of wellbore materials to ensure permanent geologic carbon storage. Abstract Copyright (2013) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Applied Geochemistry AU - Jung, Hun Bok AU - Um, Wooyong Y1 - 2013/08// PY - 2013 DA - August 2013 SP - 161 EP - 172 PB - Elsevier, Oxford-New York-Beijing VL - 35 SN - 0883-2927, 0883-2927 KW - experimental studies KW - degradation KW - carbon sequestration KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - cement materials KW - carbonatization KW - gas storage KW - fluid phase KW - porosity KW - reservoir rocks KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - environmental management KW - saturation KW - reservoir properties KW - computed tomography data KW - SEM data KW - permeability KW - construction materials KW - P-T conditions KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1492589742?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Experimental+study+of+potential+wellbore+cement+carbonation+by+various+phases+of+carbon+dioxide+during+geologic+carbon+sequestration&rft.au=Jung%2C+Hun+Bok%3BUm%2C+Wooyong&rft.aulast=Jung&rft.aufirst=Hun&rft.date=2013-08-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=&rft.spage=161&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.issn=08832927&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.apgeochem.2013.04.007 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/08832927 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; carbonatization; cement materials; computed tomography data; construction materials; degradation; environmental management; experimental studies; fluid phase; gas storage; ground water; P-T conditions; permeability; porosity; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; saturation; SEM data; X-ray diffraction data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2013.04.007 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effect of global climate change, population distribution, and climate mitigation on building energy use in the U.S. and China AN - 1443379007; 18658138 AB - Climate change will affect the energy system in a number of ways, one of which is through changes in demands for heating and cooling in buildings. Understanding the potential effect of climate change on heating and cooling demands requires taking into account not only the manner in which the building sector might evolve over time, but also important uncertainty about the nature of climate change itself. In this study, we explore the uncertainty in climate change impacts on heating and cooling requirement by constructing estimates of heating and cooling degree days (HDD/CDDs) for both reference (no-policy) and 550 ppmv CO sub(2) concentration pathways built from three different Global Climate Models (GCMs) output and three scenarios of gridded population distribution. The implications that changing climate and population distribution might have for building energy consumption in the U.S. and China are then explored by using the results of HDD/CDDs as inputs to a detailed, building energy model, nested in the long-term global integrated assessment framework, Global Change Assessment Model (GCAM). The results across the modeled changes in climate and population distributions indicate that unabated climate change would cause building sector's final energy consumption to decrease modestly (6 % decrease or less depending on climate models) in both the U.S. and China by the end of the century as decreased heating consumption more than offsets increased cooling using primarily electricity. However, global climate change virtually has negligible effect on total CO sub(2) emissions in the buildings sector in both countries. The results also indicate more substantial implications for the fuel mix with increases in electricity and decreases in other fuels, which may be consistent with climate mitigation goals. The variation in results across all scenarios due to variation of population distribution is smaller than variation due to the use of different climate models. JF - Climatic Change AU - Zhou, Yuyu AU - Eom, Jiyong AU - Clarke, Leon AD - Joint Global Change Research Institute, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory/University of Maryland, 5825 University Research Court, Suite 3500, College Park, MD, 20740, USA yuyu.zhou@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2013/08// PY - 2013 DA - August 2013 SP - 979 EP - 992 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 119 IS - 3-4 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE); ANTE: Abstracts in New Technologies and Engineering (AN) KW - Heating KW - Assessments KW - Climate change KW - Climate KW - Energy consumption KW - Cooling KW - Population distribution KW - China KW - Yes:(AN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1443379007?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=The+effect+of+global+climate+change%2C+population+distribution%2C+and+climate+mitigation+on+building+energy+use+in+the+U.S.+and+China&rft.au=Zhou%2C+Yuyu%3BEom%2C+Jiyong%3BClarke%2C+Leon&rft.aulast=Zhou&rft.aufirst=Yuyu&rft.date=2013-08-01&rft.volume=119&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=979&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10584-013-0772-x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 28 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-05 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-013-0772-x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Long-Term Evaluation of Temperature Profiles Measured by an Operational Raman Lidar AN - 1434030902; 18509829 AB - This study investigates the accuracy and calibration stability of temperature profiles derived from an operational Raman lidar over a 2-yr period from 1 January 2009 to 31 December 2010. The lidar, which uses the rotational Raman technique for temperature measurement, is located at the U.S. Department of Energy's Atmospheric Radiation Measurement site near Billings, Oklahoma. The lidar performance specifications, data processing algorithms, and the results of several test runs are described. Calibration and overlap correction of the lidar is achieved using simultaneous and collocated radiosonde measurements. Results show that the calibration coefficients exhibit no significant long-term or seasonal variation but do show a distinct diurnal variation. When the diurnal variation in the calibration is not resolved the lidar temperature bias exhibits a significant diurnal variation. Test runs in which only nighttime radiosonde measurements are used for calibration show that the lidar exhibits a daytime warm bias that is correlated with the strength of the solar background signal. This bias, which reaches a maximum of ~2.4 K near solar noon, is reduced through the application of a correction scheme in which the calibration coefficients are parameterized in terms of the solar background signal. Comparison between the corrected lidar temperatures and the noncalibration radiosonde temperatures show a negligibly small median bias of -0.013 K for altitudes below 10 km AGL. The corresponding root-mean-square difference profile is roughly constant at ~2 K below 6 km AGL and increases to about 4.5 K at 10 km AGL. JF - Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology AU - Newsom, Rob K AU - Turner, David D AU - Goldsmith, John E AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington Y1 - 2013/08// PY - 2013 DA - August 2013 SP - 1616 EP - 1634 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 United States VL - 30 IS - 8 SN - 0739-0572, 0739-0572 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Environment Abstracts KW - Algorithms KW - Lidar KW - Lidar performance KW - Specifications KW - USA, Oklahoma KW - Altitude KW - Calibrations KW - Radiation KW - Radiosondes KW - Seasonal variations KW - Testing Procedures KW - Marine KW - Diurnal variations KW - Data processing KW - Temperature measurement KW - Atmospheric radiation measurements KW - Temperature KW - Temperature measurements KW - Profiles KW - Energy KW - Lidar applications KW - Data Processing KW - Radiation measurements KW - Downward long wave radiation KW - LIDAR KW - Temperature profiles KW - M2 551.521:Radiation (551.521) KW - SW 5040:Data acquisition KW - Q2 09244:Air-sea coupling KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1434030902?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Atmospheric+and+Oceanic+Technology&rft.atitle=Long-Term+Evaluation+of+Temperature+Profiles+Measured+by+an+Operational+Raman+Lidar&rft.au=Newsom%2C+Rob+K%3BTurner%2C+David+D%3BGoldsmith%2C+John+E&rft.aulast=Newsom&rft.aufirst=Rob&rft.date=2013-08-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1616&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Atmospheric+and+Oceanic+Technology&rft.issn=07390572&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2FJTECH-D-12-00138.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Diurnal variations; Data processing; Temperature measurement; Downward long wave radiation; Radiosondes; LIDAR; Temperature profiles; Atmospheric radiation measurements; Lidar applications; Algorithms; Lidar performance; Temperature measurements; Seasonal variations; Altitude; Energy; Temperature; Radiation measurements; Lidar; Testing Procedures; Radiation; Calibrations; Profiles; Data Processing; Specifications; USA, Oklahoma; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JTECH-D-12-00138.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Trauma-associated human neutrophil alterations revealed by comparative proteomics profiling AN - 1434018405; 18498569 AB - Purpose Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) play an important role in mediating the innate immune response after severe traumatic injury; however, the cellular proteome response to traumatic condition is still largely unknown. Experimental design We applied 2D-LC-MS/MS-based shotgun proteomics to perform comparative proteome profiling of human PMNs from severe trauma patients and healthy controls. Results A total of 197 out of 2500 proteins (being identified with at least two peptides) were observed with significant abundance changes following the injury. The proteomics data were further compared with transcriptomics data for the same genes obtained from an independent patient cohort. The comparison showed that the protein abundance changes for the majority of proteins were consistent with the mRNA abundance changes in terms of directions of changes. Moreover, increased protein secretion was suggested as one of the mechanisms contributing to the observed discrepancy between protein and mRNA abundance changes. Functional analyses of the altered proteins showed that many of these proteins were involved in immune response, protein biosynthesis, protein transport, NRF2-mediated oxidative stress response, the ubiquitin-proteasome system, and apoptosis pathways. Conclusions and clinical relevance Our data suggest increased neutrophil activation and inhibited neutrophil apoptosis in response to trauma. The study not only reveals an overall picture of functional neutrophil response to trauma at the proteome level, but also provides a rich proteomics data resource of trauma-associated changes in the neutrophil that will be valuable for further studies of the functions of individual proteins in PMNs. JF - Proteomics Clinical Applications AU - Zhou, Jian-Ying AU - Krovvidi, Ravi K AU - Gao, Yuqian AU - Gao, Hong AU - Petritis, Brianne O AU - De, Asit K AU - Miller-Graziano, Carol L AU - Bankey, Paul E AU - Petyuk, Vladislav A AU - Nicora, Carrie D AU - Clauss, Therese R AU - Moore, Ronald J AU - Shi, Tujin AU - Brown, Joseph N AU - Kaushal, Amit AU - Xiao, Wenzhong AU - Davis, Ronald W AU - Maier, Ronald V AU - Tompkins, Ronald G AU - Qian, Wei-Jun AU - Camp, David G AU - Smith, Richard D AD - Biological Sciences Division and Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA. Y1 - 2013/08// PY - 2013 DA - Aug 2013 SP - 571 EP - 583 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 7 IS - 7-8 SN - 1862-8346, 1862-8346 KW - Immunology Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Protein transport KW - Protein biosynthesis KW - Apoptosis KW - Data processing KW - Injuries KW - Leukocytes (polymorphonuclear) KW - proteasomes KW - Leukocytes (neutrophilic) KW - Therapeutic applications KW - Cell activation KW - Trauma KW - Oxidative stress KW - Immune response KW - proteomics KW - Ubiquitin KW - F 06965:Immune Cells KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1434018405?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proteomics+Clinical+Applications&rft.atitle=Trauma-associated+human+neutrophil+alterations+revealed+by+comparative+proteomics+profiling&rft.au=Zhou%2C+Jian-Ying%3BKrovvidi%2C+Ravi+K%3BGao%2C+Yuqian%3BGao%2C+Hong%3BPetritis%2C+Brianne+O%3BDe%2C+Asit+K%3BMiller-Graziano%2C+Carol+L%3BBankey%2C+Paul+E%3BPetyuk%2C+Vladislav+A%3BNicora%2C+Carrie+D%3BClauss%2C+Therese+R%3BMoore%2C+Ronald+J%3BShi%2C+Tujin%3BBrown%2C+Joseph+N%3BKaushal%2C+Amit%3BXiao%2C+Wenzhong%3BDavis%2C+Ronald+W%3BMaier%2C+Ronald+V%3BTompkins%2C+Ronald+G%3BQian%2C+Wei-Jun%3BCamp%2C+David+G%3BSmith%2C+Richard+D&rft.aulast=Zhou&rft.aufirst=Jian-Ying&rft.date=2013-08-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=7-8&rft.spage=571&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proteomics+Clinical+Applications&rft.issn=18628346&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fprca.201200109 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-10-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Protein transport; Data processing; Apoptosis; Protein biosynthesis; Injuries; Leukocytes (polymorphonuclear); Leukocytes (neutrophilic); proteasomes; Therapeutic applications; Trauma; Cell activation; Oxidative stress; proteomics; Immune response; Ubiquitin DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prca.201200109 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of WRF-Predicted Near-Hub-Height Winds and Ramp Events over a Pacific Northwest Site with Complex Terrain AN - 1434014932; 18450312 AB - One challenge with wind-power forecasts is the accurate prediction of rapid changes in wind speed (ramps). To evaluate the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model's ability to predict such events, model simulations, conducted over an area of complex terrain in May 2011, are used. The sensitivity of the model's performance to the choice among three planetary boundary layer (PBL) schemes [Mellor-Yamada-Janjic (MYJ), University of Washington (UW), and Yonsei University (YSU)] is investigated. The simulated near-hub-height winds (62 m), vertical wind speed profiles, and ramps are evaluated against measurements obtained from tower-mounted anemometers, a Doppler sodar, and a radar wind profiler deployed during the Columbia Basin Wind Energy Study (CBWES). The predicted winds at near-hub height have nonnegligible biases in monthly mean under stable conditions. Under stable conditions, the simulation with the UW scheme better predicts upward ramps and the MYJ scheme is the most successful in simulating downward ramps. Under unstable conditions, simulations using the YSU and UW schemes show good performance in predicting upward ramps and downward ramps, with the YSU scheme being slightly better at predicting ramps with durations longer than 1 h. The largest differences in mean wind speed profiles among simulations using the three PBL schemes occur during upward ramps under stable conditions, which were frequently associated with low-level jets. The UW scheme has the best overall performance in ramp prediction over the CBWES site when evaluated using prediction accuracy and capture-rate statistics, but no single PBL parameterization is clearly superior to the others when all atmospheric conditions are considered. JF - Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology AU - Yang, Qing AU - Berg, Larry K AU - Pekour, Mikhail AU - Fast, Jerome D AU - Newsom, Rob K AU - Stoelinga, Mark AU - Finley, Catherine AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington Y1 - 2013/08// PY - 2013 DA - Aug 2013 SP - 1753 EP - 1763 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 United States VL - 52 IS - 8 SN - 1558-8424, 1558-8424 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Environment Abstracts KW - Prediction KW - Sodar KW - Wind measurement KW - Statistical analysis KW - Basins KW - Measuring instruments KW - INE, USA, Pacific Northwest KW - Profilers KW - USA, Idaho, Columbia Basin KW - Wind speed KW - Low-level jet stream KW - Anemometers KW - Climatology KW - Atmospheric boundary layer KW - Weather forecasting KW - Wind KW - Sensitivity KW - Weather KW - Wind profiles KW - Velocity KW - Simulation KW - Wind power KW - Wind energy KW - Numerical simulations KW - Doppler sodar KW - Energy KW - Radar KW - Radar wind profiler KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - O 2010:Physical Oceanography KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - Q2 09406:Energy from the sea KW - M2 551.509.1/.5:Forecasting (551.509.1/.5) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1434014932?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Applied+Meteorology+and+Climatology&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+WRF-Predicted+Near-Hub-Height+Winds+and+Ramp+Events+over+a+Pacific+Northwest+Site+with+Complex+Terrain&rft.au=Yang%2C+Qing%3BBerg%2C+Larry+K%3BPekour%2C+Mikhail%3BFast%2C+Jerome+D%3BNewsom%2C+Rob+K%3BStoelinga%2C+Mark%3BFinley%2C+Catherine&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=Qing&rft.date=2013-08-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1753&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Applied+Meteorology+and+Climatology&rft.issn=15588424&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2FJAMC-D-12-0267.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Wind speed; Prediction; Wind power; Sodar; Wind profiles; Anemometers; Simulation; Climatology; Weather forecasting; Doppler sodar; Low-level jet stream; Numerical simulations; Statistical analysis; Radar wind profiler; Atmospheric boundary layer; Weather; Sensitivity; Wind measurement; Velocity; Basins; Measuring instruments; Profilers; Wind energy; Energy; Radar; Wind; USA, Idaho, Columbia Basin; INE, USA, Pacific Northwest DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JAMC-D-12-0267.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of CAP88 at Department of Energy Sites AN - 1427004893; 18328149 AB - The U.S. Department of Energy is committed to protecting the public and environment against undue risk from radiation associated with radiological activities conducted under its control. Some U.S. Department of Energy Site activities result in emissions of radioactive materials to the air. CAP88 codes are used to model these emissions and the subsequent maximum estimated dose to a member of the public in the vicinity of the U.S. Department of Energy Site. This paper reviews the use of the CAP88 code at the variety of U.S. Department of Energy sites that use it for compliance reporting under Title 40 of the Code of Federal Regulations Part 61, Subpart H. JF - Health Physics AU - Snyder, S AU - Vazquez, G AU - Hay, T AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, K3-54, Richland, WA 99352, USA Y1 - 2013/08// PY - 2013 DA - Aug 2013 SP - S164 EP - S168 VL - 105 IS - 2 SN - 0017-9078, 0017-9078 KW - Risk Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - USA KW - Federal regulations KW - Reviews KW - Compliance KW - Radioactive materials KW - Emissions KW - R2 23020:Technological risks KW - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1427004893?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+Physics&rft.atitle=Use+of+CAP88+at+Department+of+Energy+Sites&rft.au=Snyder%2C+S%3BVazquez%2C+G%3BHay%2C+T&rft.aulast=Snyder&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2013-08-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=S164&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+Physics&rft.issn=00179078&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Federal regulations; Reviews; Radioactive materials; Compliance; Emissions; USA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In situ casting and imaging of the rat airway tree for accurate 3D reconstruction. AN - 1406178317; 23786464 AB - The use of anatomically accurate, animal-specific airway geometries is important for understanding and modeling the physiology of the respiratory system. One approach for acquiring detailed airway architecture is to create a bronchial cast of the conducting airways. However, typical casting procedures either do not faithfully preserve the in vivo branching angles or produce rigid casts that when removed for imaging are fragile and thus easily damaged. We address these problems by creating an in situ bronchial cast of the conducting airways in rats that can be subsequently imaged in situ using three-dimensional micro-CT imaging. We also demonstrate that deformations in airway branch angles resulting from the casting procedure are small, and that these angle deformations can be reversed through an interactive adjustment of the segmented cast geometry. Animal work was approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. JF - Experimental lung research AU - Jacob, Richard E AU - Colby, Sean M AU - Kabilan, Senthil AU - Einstein, Daniel R AU - Carson, James P AD - Department of Systems Toxicology, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA. richard.jacob@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2013/08// PY - 2013 DA - August 2013 SP - 249 EP - 257 VL - 39 IS - 6 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Artifacts KW - Male KW - Bronchography KW - Corrosion Casting -- methods KW - Bronchi -- anatomy & histology KW - X-Ray Microtomography -- methods KW - Imaging, Three-Dimensional -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1406178317?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Experimental+lung+research&rft.atitle=In+situ+casting+and+imaging+of+the+rat+airway+tree+for+accurate+3D+reconstruction.&rft.au=Jacob%2C+Richard+E%3BColby%2C+Sean+M%3BKabilan%2C+Senthil%3BEinstein%2C+Daniel+R%3BCarson%2C+James+P&rft.aulast=Jacob&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2013-08-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=249&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Experimental+lung+research&rft.issn=1521-0499&rft_id=info:doi/10.3109%2F01902148.2013.801535 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2013-11-14 N1 - Date created - 2013-07-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Exp Lung Res. 2000 Jan-Feb;26(1):27-39 [10660834] PLoS One. 2013;8(6):e65874 [23799057] J Appl Physiol (1985). 2004 May;96(5):1665-73 [14766787] J Appl Physiol. 1968 Mar;24(3):373-83 [5640724] Anat Rec. 1973 Oct;177(2):255-63 [4756760] J Environ Pathol Toxicol. 1980 Sep;4(2-3):427-35 [7462911] Surg Today. 1998;28(3):285-8 [9548310] Med Eng Phys. 2007 Apr;29(3):350-66 [16814588] J Appl Physiol (1985). 2007 Apr;102(4):1469-82 [17110504] IEEE Trans Vis Comput Graph. 2007 Jul-Aug;13(4):675-85 [17495328] Respir Physiol Neurobiol. 2008 Nov 30;163(1-3):128-38 [18674643] Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2008 Dec;291(12):1628-48 [18951511] IEEE Eng Med Biol Mag. 2009 May-Jun;28(3):25-33 [19457731] Med Biol Eng Comput. 2009 Sep;47(9):989-99 [19526263] Biomech Model Mechanobiol. 2010 Apr;9(2):187-201 [19727874] J Biomech Eng. 2010 May;132(5):051003 [20459204] Comput Med Imaging Graph. 2010 Oct;34(7):572-8 [20382502] Inhal Toxicol. 2010 Nov;22(13):1047-63 [21070181] Ann Biomed Eng. 2011 Mar;39(3):1136-53 [21152983] PLoS One. 2011;6(11):e27577 [22087338] Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2012 Jun;295(6):1027-44 [22528468] Pharm Res. 2012 Jun;29(6):1670-88 [22290350] Toxicol Sci. 2012 Aug;128(2):500-16 [22584687] Ann Biomed Eng. 2003 Apr;31(4):374-90 [12723679] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/01902148.2013.801535 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chalcogen-based aerogels as sorbents for radionuclide remediation. AN - 1381099845; 23763706 AB - The efficient capture of radionuclides with long half-lives such as technetium-99 ((99)Tc), uranium-238 ((238)U), and iodine-129 ((129)I) is pivotal to prevent their transport into groundwater and/or release into the atmosphere. While different sorbents have been considered for capturing each of them, in the current work, nanostructured chalcogen-based aerogels called chalcogels are shown to be very effective at capturing ionic forms of (99)Tc and (238)U, as well as nonradioactive gaseous iodine (i.e., a surrogate for (129)I2), irrespective of the sorbent polarity. The chalcogel chemistries studied were Co0.7Bi0.3MoS4, Co0.7Cr0.3MoS4, Co0.5Ni0.5MoS4, PtGe2S5, and Sn2S3. The PtGe2S5 sorbent performed the best overall with capture efficiencies of 98.0% and 99.4% for (99)Tc and (238)U, respectively, and >99.0% for I2(g) over the duration of the experiment. The capture efficiencies for (99)Tc and (238)U varied between the different sorbents, ranging from 57.3-98.0% and 68.1-99.4%, respectively. All chalcogels showed >99.0% capture efficiency for iodine over the test duration. This versatile nature of chalcogels can provide an attractive option for the environmental remediation of the radionuclides associated with legacy wastes from nuclear weapons production as well as wastes generated during nuclear power production or nuclear fuel reprocessing. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Riley, Brian J AU - Chun, Jaehun AU - Um, Wooyong AU - Lepry, William C AU - Matyas, Josef AU - Olszta, Matthew J AU - Li, Xiaohong AU - Polychronopoulou, Kyriaki AU - Kanatzidis, Mercouri G AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States. brian.riley@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2013/07/02/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Jul 02 SP - 7540 EP - 7547 VL - 47 IS - 13 KW - Chalcogens KW - 0 KW - Gels KW - Radioactive Pollutants KW - Sulfides KW - Uranium Compounds KW - Iodine KW - 9679TC07X4 KW - Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m KW - A0730CX801 KW - uranium dioxide KW - L70487KUZO KW - Index Medicus KW - Gels -- chemistry KW - Environmental Restoration and Remediation KW - Chalcogens -- chemistry KW - Radioactive Pollutants -- chemistry KW - Iodine -- chemistry KW - Sulfides -- chemistry KW - Uranium Compounds -- chemistry KW - Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1381099845?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Chalcogen-based+aerogels+as+sorbents+for+radionuclide+remediation.&rft.au=Riley%2C+Brian+J%3BChun%2C+Jaehun%3BUm%2C+Wooyong%3BLepry%2C+William+C%3BMatyas%2C+Josef%3BOlszta%2C+Matthew+J%3BLi%2C+Xiaohong%3BPolychronopoulou%2C+Kyriaki%3BKanatzidis%2C+Mercouri+G&rft.aulast=Riley&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft.date=2013-07-02&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=7540&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=1520-5851&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fes400595z LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2014-04-21 N1 - Date created - 2013-07-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es400595z ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pore-scale simulation of intragranular diffusion; effects of incomplete mixing on macroscopic manifestations AN - 1703686958; 2015-077443 AB - Diffusive mass transfer into and out of intragranular micropores ("intragranular diffusion") plays an important role in the transport of some groundwater contaminants. We are interested in understanding the combined effect of pore-scale advection and intragranular diffusion on solute transport at the effective porous medium scale. We have developed a 3-D pore-scale numerical model of fluid flow and solute transport that incorporates diffusion into and out of intragranular pore spaces. A series of numerical experiments allow us to draw comparisons between macroscopic measures computed from the pore-scale simulations (such as breakthrough curves) and those predicted by multirate mass transfer formulations that assume complete local mixing at the pore scale. In this paper we present results for two model systems, one with randomly packed uniform spherical grains and a second with randomly packed spheres drawn from a binary grain size distribution. Non-Fickian behavior was observed at all scales considered, and most cases were better represented by a multirate mass transfer model even when there was no distinct secondary porosity (i.e., no intragranular diffusion). This suggests that pore-scale diffusive mass transfer processes between preferential flow paths and relatively immobile zones within the primary porosity may have significant impact on transport, particular in low-concentration tails. The application of independently determined mass transfer rate parameters based on an assumption of well-mixed concentrations at the pore scale tends to overestimate the amount of mass transfer that occurs in heterogeneous pore geometries in which preferential flow leads to incomplete pore-scale lateral mixing. Abstract Copyright (2013), American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Scheibe, Timothy D AU - Hou, Zhangshuan AU - Palmer, Bruce J AU - Tartakovsky, Alexandre M Y1 - 2013/07// PY - 2013 DA - July 2013 SP - 4277 EP - 4294 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 49 IS - 7 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - diffusion KW - numerical models KW - three-dimensional models KW - Darcy's law KW - grain size KW - data processing KW - porosity KW - ground water KW - granular materials KW - mixing KW - digital simulation KW - mass transfer KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1703686958?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Pore-scale+simulation+of+intragranular+diffusion%3B+effects+of+incomplete+mixing+on+macroscopic+manifestations&rft.au=Scheibe%2C+Timothy+D%3BHou%2C+Zhangshuan%3BPalmer%2C+Bruce+J%3BTartakovsky%2C+Alexandre+M&rft.aulast=Scheibe&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft.date=2013-07-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=4277&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fwrcr.20333 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 51 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-13 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Darcy's law; data processing; diffusion; digital simulation; grain size; granular materials; ground water; mass transfer; mixing; numerical models; porosity; three-dimensional models DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20333 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ionic liquid-enhanced solid state electrolyte interface (SEI) for lithium-sulfur batteries AN - 1562672098; 20524859 AB - Li-S batteries are a complicated system with many challenges existing before their final market penetration. While most of the reported work for Li-S batteries is focused on the cathode design, we demonstrate in this work that the anode consumption accelerated by corrosive polysulfide solution also critically determines the Li-S cell performance. To validate this hypothesis, ionic liquid (IL) N-methyl-N-butylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (Py sub(14)TFSI) has been employed to modify the properties of the SEI layer formed on the Li metal surface in Li-S batteries. It is found that the IL-enhanced passivation film on the lithium anode surface exhibits very different morphology and chemical composition, effectively protecting lithium metal from continuous attack by soluble polysulfides. Therefore, both the cell impedance and the irreversible consumption of polysulfides on lithium metal are reduced. As a result, the Coulombic efficiency and the cycling stability of Li-S batteries have been greatly improved. After 120 cycles, the Li-S battery cycled in the electrolyte containing 75% IL demonstrates a high capacity retention of 94.3% at 0.1 C rate. These results reveal one of the main failure mechanisms in Li-S batteries and shine the light on new approaches to improve the reversible capacity and cyclability of Li-S batteries. This work provides important clues for the understanding and thus the improvement of Li-S battery systems through a different point of view. JF - Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for energy and sustainability AU - Zheng, Jianming AU - Gu, Meng AU - Chen, Honghao AU - Meduri, Praveen AU - Engelhard, Mark H AU - Zhang, Ji-Guang AU - Liu, Jun AU - Xiao, Jie AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Richland; WA 99354; USA; +1-509-372-2186; +1-509-375-4598; , jie.xiao@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2013/07// PY - 2013 DA - Jul 2013 SP - 8464 EP - 8470 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry VL - 1 IS - 29 SN - 2050-7488, 2050-7488 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Metals KW - Electrolytes KW - Chemical composition KW - Batteries KW - Energy KW - Morphology KW - Corrosion KW - Lithium KW - Sustainability KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1562672098?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.atitle=Ionic+liquid-enhanced+solid+state+electrolyte+interface+%28SEI%29+for+lithium-sulfur+batteries&rft.au=Zheng%2C+Jianming%3BGu%2C+Meng%3BChen%2C+Honghao%3BMeduri%2C+Praveen%3BEngelhard%2C+Mark+H%3BZhang%2C+Ji-Guang%3BLiu%2C+Jun%3BXiao%2C+Jie&rft.aulast=Zheng&rft.aufirst=Jianming&rft.date=2013-07-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=29&rft.spage=8464&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.issn=20507488&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc3ta11553d LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 28 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Metals; Electrolytes; Chemical composition; Batteries; Energy; Morphology; Corrosion; Sustainability; Lithium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3ta11553d ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Strategies for characterization of fractured rock using cross-borehole electrical tomography AN - 1400621152; 2013-057551 AB - There is an increasing need to characterize fractured rock systems and to monitor the movement of fluids in these systems. Fractured rock aquifers are increasingly exploited for water resources, and are subject to contamination from industrial activities at the Earth's surface. Deep rock repositories of hazardous waste must be carefully characterized in terms of fracture transport characteristics. More recently, there has been a surge in technologies designed to increase permeability of shale reservoirs by creating fractures to promote fluid removal. However, fractured rock systems present unique challenges for characterization and monitoring technologies. Fracturing typically generates highly heterogeneous and anisotropic systems, making the evaluation of the distribution of physical properties from sparse subsurface measurements particularly problematic. Geophysical imaging technologies are increasingly applied in an effort to overcome the limitations of sparsely located direct observations of subsurface properties. However, the application of geophysical technologies to fractured rock systems presents challenges for imaging as appropriate regularization model constraints for complex, heterogeneous systems are hard to define without additional subsurface information. JF - Leading Edge (Tulsa, OK) AU - Robinson, Judith AU - Slater, Lee AU - Johnson, Timothy AU - Binley, Andrew AU - Miller, Rick AU - Singha, Kamini Y1 - 2013/07// PY - 2013 DA - July 2013 SP - 784 EP - 790 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 32 IS - 7 SN - 1070-485X, 1070-485X KW - tomography KW - fractured materials KW - bedrock KW - electrical logging KW - Western Europe KW - geophysical surveys KW - quarries KW - crosshole methods KW - well-logging KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - England KW - inverse problem KW - Europe KW - resistivity KW - United Kingdom KW - Great Britain KW - ground water KW - case studies KW - boreholes KW - northwestern England KW - surveys KW - hydrodynamics KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1400621152?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Leading+Edge+%28Tulsa%2C+OK%29&rft.atitle=Strategies+for+characterization+of+fractured+rock+using+cross-borehole+electrical+tomography&rft.au=Robinson%2C+Judith%3BSlater%2C+Lee%3BJohnson%2C+Timothy%3BBinley%2C+Andrew%3BMiller%2C+Rick%3BSingha%2C+Kamini&rft.aulast=Robinson&rft.aufirst=Judith&rft.date=2013-07-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=784&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Leading+Edge+%28Tulsa%2C+OK%29&rft.issn=1070485X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2Ftle32070784.1 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6592 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bedrock; boreholes; case studies; crosshole methods; electrical logging; electrical methods; England; Europe; fractured materials; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; Great Britain; ground water; hydrodynamics; inverse problem; northwestern England; quarries; resistivity; surveys; tomography; United Kingdom; well-logging; Western Europe DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/tle32070784.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Proper orthogonal decomposition reduced model for mass transport in heterogenous media AN - 1372058491; 18152660 AB - Numerical models with fine discretization normally demand large computational time and space, which lead to computational burden for state estimations or model parameter inversion calculation. This article presented a reduced implicit finite difference scheme that based on proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) for two-dimensional transient mass transport in heterogeneous media. The reduction of the original full model was achieved by projecting the high-dimension full model to a low-dimension space created by POD bases, and the bases are derived from the snapshots generated from the model solutions of the forward simulations. The POD bases were extracted from the ensemble of snapshots by singular value decomposition. The dimension of the Jacobian matrix was then reduced after Galerkin projection. Thus, the reduced model can accurately reproduce and predict the original model's transport process with significantly decreased computational time. This scheme is practicable with easy implementation of the partial differential equations. The POD method is illustrated and validated through synthetic cases with various heterogeneous permeability field scenarios. The accuracy and efficiency of the reduced model are determined by the optimal selection of the snapshots and POD bases. JF - Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment AU - Li, Xinya AU - Hu, Bill X AD - Hydrology, Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA, bill.x.hu@gmail.com Y1 - 2013/07// PY - 2013 DA - Jul 2013 SP - 1181 EP - 1191 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 27 IS - 5 SN - 1436-3240, 1436-3240 KW - Risk Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Permeability KW - Mathematical models KW - Inversion KW - Simulation KW - Mass transport KW - Transport processes KW - Decomposition KW - R2 23050:Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1372058491?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Stochastic+Environmental+Research+and+Risk+Assessment&rft.atitle=Proper+orthogonal+decomposition+reduced+model+for+mass+transport+in+heterogenous+media&rft.au=Li%2C+Xinya%3BHu%2C+Bill+X&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Xinya&rft.date=2013-07-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1181&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Stochastic+Environmental+Research+and+Risk+Assessment&rft.issn=14363240&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00477-012-0653-2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Permeability; Mathematical models; Inversion; Simulation; Transport processes; Mass transport; Decomposition DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00477-012-0653-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structural insights into the functional role of the Hcn sub-domain of the receptor-binding domain of the botulinum neurotoxin mosaic serotype C/D. AN - 1365051005; 23523511 AB - Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT), the causative agent of the deadly neuroparalytic disease botulism, is the most poisonous protein known for humans. Produced by different strains of the anaerobic bacterium Clostridium botulinum, BoNT effects cellular intoxication via a multistep mechanism executed by the three modules of the activated protein. Endocytosis, the first step of cellular intoxication, is triggered by the ~50 kDa, heavy-chain receptor-binding domain (HCR) that is specific for a ganglioside and a protein receptor on neuronal cell surfaces. This dual receptor recognition mechanism between BoNT and the host cell's membrane is well documented and occurs via specific intermolecular interactions with the C-terminal sub-domain, Hcc, of BoNT-HCR. The N-terminal sub-domain of BoNT-HCR, Hcn, comprises ~50% of BoNT-HCR and adopts a β-sheet jelly roll fold. While suspected in assisting cell surface recognition, no unambiguous function for the Hcn sub-domain in BoNT has been identified. To obtain insights into the potential function of the Hcn sub-domain in BoNT, the first crystal structure of a BoNT with an organic ligand bound to the Hcn sub-domain has been obtained. Here, we describe the crystal structure of BoNT/CD-HCR determined at 1.70 Å resolution with a tetraethylene glycol (PG4) moiety bound in a hydrophobic cleft between β-strands in the β-sheet jelly roll fold of the Hcn sub-domain. The PG4 moiety is completely engulfed in the cleft, making numerous hydrophilic (Y932, S959, W966, and D1042) and hydrophobic (S935, W977, L979, N1013, and I1066) contacts with the protein's side chain and backbone that may mimic in vivo interactions with the phospholipid membranes on neuronal cell surfaces. A sulfate ion was also observed bound to residues T1176, D1177, K1196, and R1243 in the Hcc sub-domain of BoNT/CD-HCR. In the crystal structure of a similar protein, BoNT/D-HCR, a sialic acid molecule was observed bound to the equivalent residues suggesting that residues T1176, D1177, K1196, and R1243 in BoNT/CD may play a role in ganglioside binding. JF - Biochimie AU - Zhang, Yanfeng AU - Gardberg, Anna S AU - Edwards, Thomas E AU - Sankaran, Banumathi AU - Robinson, Howard AU - Varnum, Susan M AU - Buchko, Garry W AD - Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA. Y1 - 2013/07// PY - 2013 DA - July 2013 SP - 1379 EP - 1385 VL - 95 IS - 7 KW - Gangliosides KW - 0 KW - botulinum toxin type D KW - Botulinum Toxins KW - EC 3.4.24.69 KW - botulinum toxin type C KW - FPM7829VMX KW - Index Medicus KW - Gangliosides -- chemistry KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Crystallography, X-Ray KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Protein Structure, Tertiary KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Gangliosides -- metabolism KW - Binding Sites KW - Botulinum Toxins -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1365051005?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochimie&rft.atitle=Structural+insights+into+the+functional+role+of+the+Hcn+sub-domain+of+the+receptor-binding+domain+of+the+botulinum+neurotoxin+mosaic+serotype+C%2FD.&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Yanfeng%3BGardberg%2C+Anna+S%3BEdwards%2C+Thomas+E%3BSankaran%2C+Banumathi%3BRobinson%2C+Howard%3BVarnum%2C+Susan+M%3BBuchko%2C+Garry+W&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Yanfeng&rft.date=2013-07-01&rft.volume=95&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1379&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochimie&rft.issn=1638-6183&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.biochi.2013.03.006 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2014-01-09 N1 - Date created - 2013-06-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Nat Struct Biol. 2000 Aug;7(8):693-9 [10932256] Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun. 2010 Dec 1;66(Pt 12):1610-3 [21139207] J Biol Chem. 2002 Sep 6;277(36):32815-9 [12089155] Mol Microbiol. 2004 Feb;51(3):631-43 [14731268] J Appl Microbiol. 1998 Jan;84(1):5-17 [15244052] J Biol Chem. 2004 Jul 16;279(29):30865-70 [15123599] J Clin Microbiol. 2004 Oct;42(10):4718-25 [15472332] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1972 Jul 11;48(1):108-12 [5041870] Nature. 1992 Oct 29;359(6398):832-5 [1331807] J Biol Chem. 1994 Apr 8;269(14):10498-503 [8144634] Protein Eng. 1995 Feb;8(2):127-34 [7630882] Nat Struct Biol. 1998 Oct;5(10):898-902 [9783750] J Mol Biol. 1999 Sep 3;291(5):1091-104 [10518945] Science. 1959 Sep 25;130(3378):763-72 [14413547] Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2004 Dec;60(Pt 12 Pt 1):2126-32 [15572765] Crit Rev Microbiol. 2005;31(1):11-8 [15839401] J Biol Chem. 2005 Oct 21;280(42):35164-71 [16115873] Avian Dis. 2005 Sep;49(3):376-81 [16252491] Science. 2006 Apr 28;312(5773):592-6 [16543415] Mol Biol Cell. 2008 Dec;19(12):5226-37 [18815274] J Mol Biol. 2009 Feb 13;386(1):233-45 [19118561] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2009 Feb 27;380(1):76-80 [19161982] Biochemistry. 2009 Jun 23;48(24):5631-41 [19476346] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2011 Jan 7;404(1):407-12 [21130733] PLoS Pathog. 2011 Mar;7(3):e1002008 [21483489] J Biol Chem. 2011 Jul 29;286(30):26828-37 [21632541] Biochimie. 2012 Mar;94(3):920-3 [22120109] J Neurochem. 2009 Sep;110(6):1942-54 [19650874] Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2010 Jan;66(Pt 1):12-21 [20057044] Annu Rev Biochem. 2010;79:591-617 [20233039] Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jul;38(Web Server issue):W545-9 [20457744] Biochemistry. 2010 Sep 21;49(37):8117-26 [20731382] Biochem J. 2010 Oct 15;431(2):207-16 [20704566] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2010 Oct 29;401(4):498-503 [20858456] JAMA. 2001 Feb 28;285(8):1059-70 [11209178] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biochi.2013.03.006 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Contribution of atom probe tomography to a better understanding of glass alteration mechanisms; application to a nuclear glass specimen altered 25 years in a granitic environment AN - 1420503879; 2013-063192 AB - We report and discuss results of atom probe tomography (APT) and energy-filtered transmission electron microscopy (EFTEM) applied to a borosilicate glass sample of nuclear interest altered for 25.75 years at 90 degrees C in a confined granitic medium in order to better understand the rate-limiting mechanisms under conditions representative of a deep geological repository for vitrified radioactive waste. The APT technique allows the 3D reconstruction of the elemental distribution at the reactive interphase with sub-nanometer precision. Profiles of the B distribution at pristine glass/hydrated glass interface obtained by different techniques are compared to show the challenge of accurate measurements of diffusion profiles at this buried interface on the nanometer length scale. Our results show that 1) Li from the glass and hydrogen from the solution exhibit anti-correlated 15 nm wide gradients located between the pristine glass and the hydrated glass layer, and 2) boron exhibits an unexpectedly sharp profile ( approximately 3 nm width) located just outside of the Li/H interdiffusion layer; this sharp profile is more consistent with a dissolution front than a diffusion-controlled release of boron. The resulting apparent diffusion coefficients derived from the Li and H profiles are D (sub Li) =1.5X10 (super -22) m (super 2) .s (super -1) and D (sub H) =6.8X10 (super -23) m (super 2) .s (super -1) . These values are around two orders of magnitude lower than those observed at the very beginning of the alteration process, which suggests that interdiffusion is slowed at high reaction progress by local conditions that could be related to the porous structure of the interphase. As a result, the accessibility of water to the pristine glass could be the rate-limiting step in these conditions. More generally, these findings strongly support the importance of interdiffusion coupled with hydrolysis reactions of the silicate network on the long-term dissolution rate, contrary to what has been suggested by recent interfacial dissolution-precipitation models for silicate minerals. Abstract Copyright (2013) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Chemical Geology AU - Gin, S AU - Ryan, J V AU - Schreiber, D K AU - Neeway, J AU - Cabie, M Y1 - 2013/06/26/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Jun 26 SP - 99 EP - 109 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 349-350 SN - 0009-2541, 0009-2541 KW - tomography KW - silicates KW - hazardous waste KW - alteration KW - isotopes KW - igneous rocks KW - granites KW - atom probe tomography KW - reservoir rocks KW - radioactive waste KW - environmental management KW - radioactive isotopes KW - plutonic rocks KW - water pollution KW - glass materials KW - geochemistry KW - synthetic materials KW - diffusion KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - solubility KW - TEM data KW - models KW - borosilicates KW - soil pollution KW - precipitation KW - vitrification KW - waste disposal KW - SEM data KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1420503879?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Geology&rft.atitle=Contribution+of+atom+probe+tomography+to+a+better+understanding+of+glass+alteration+mechanisms%3B+application+to+a+nuclear+glass+specimen+altered+25+years+in+a+granitic+environment&rft.au=Gin%2C+S%3BRyan%2C+J+V%3BSchreiber%2C+D+K%3BNeeway%2C+J%3BCabie%2C+M&rft.aulast=Gin&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2013-06-26&rft.volume=349-350&rft.issue=&rft.spage=99&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Geology&rft.issn=00092541&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.chemgeo.2013.04.001 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00092541 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 76 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2013-08-15 N1 - CODEN - CHGEAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alteration; atom probe tomography; borosilicates; diffusion; environmental management; geochemistry; glass materials; granites; hazardous waste; igneous rocks; isotopes; models; plutonic rocks; pollutants; pollution; precipitation; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; reservoir rocks; SEM data; silicates; soil pollution; solubility; synthetic materials; TEM data; tomography; vitrification; waste disposal; water pollution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2013.04.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fe(3-x)Ti(x)O4 nanoparticles as tunable probes of microbial metal oxidation. AN - 1370123543; 23672679 AB - Present and emerging biotechnological applications for iron (oxyhydr)oxide nanomaterials depend on their interaction with microorganisms, as do their toxicity, transport, and fate in biological and environmental systems. However, mass or electron transfer along key molecular pathways at microbe-nanomaterial interfaces is extremely difficult to quantify because of system complexity. Inspired by Fe(II)-oxidizing microbes widespread in nature, we isolate and characterize one such pathway by examining the oxidation of Fe(3-x)Ti(x)O4 (magnetite-titanomagnetite) nanoparticles by the bacterial electron transfer enzyme MtoA, a decaheme c-type cytochrome. Oxidation by MtoA was studied as a function of the thermodynamic driving force for electron transfer by controlling the Ti(IV) doping content (x), which tunes the solid-state Fe(II)/Fe(III) ratio built into the nanoparticles. A higher Fe(II)/Fe(III) ratio appears to systematically increase the electron transfer kinetics to the cytochrome. In situ X-ray diffraction indicated that, during oxidation, the spinel ferrite lattice remains intact while structural Fe(II) is progressively depleted. Surface and atomic site specific Fe L(2,3)-edge X-ray magnetic circular dichroism indicated that MtoA directly accesses magnetically ordered B-sublattice Fe(II) at the interface. This study provides the first quantitative insights into an isolated molecular pathway for biotransformation of iron (oxyhydr)oxide nanomaterials, and more generally, it also illustrates new techniques for probing these pathways in detail, featuring use of tailored nanoparticles, purified metalloenzyme, and synchrotron X-ray absorption spectroscopies. JF - Journal of the American Chemical Society AU - Liu, Juan AU - Pearce, Carolyn I AU - Liu, Chongxuan AU - Wang, Zheming AU - Shi, Liang AU - Arenholz, Elke AU - Rosso, Kevin M AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA. juan.liu@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2013/06/19/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Jun 19 SP - 8896 EP - 8907 VL - 135 IS - 24 KW - Cytochrome c Group KW - 0 KW - Metals KW - Titanium KW - D1JT611TNE KW - Ferrosoferric Oxide KW - XM0M87F357 KW - Index Medicus KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - Models, Molecular KW - Ferrosoferric Oxide -- chemistry KW - Bacteria -- enzymology KW - Titanium -- chemistry KW - Nanoparticles -- metabolism KW - Titanium -- metabolism KW - Metals -- chemistry KW - Metals -- metabolism KW - Cytochrome c Group -- metabolism KW - Nanoparticles -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1370123543?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Chemical+Society&rft.atitle=Fe%283-x%29Ti%28x%29O4+nanoparticles+as+tunable+probes+of+microbial+metal+oxidation.&rft.au=Liu%2C+Juan%3BPearce%2C+Carolyn+I%3BLiu%2C+Chongxuan%3BWang%2C+Zheming%3BShi%2C+Liang%3BArenholz%2C+Elke%3BRosso%2C+Kevin+M&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Juan&rft.date=2013-06-19&rft.volume=135&rft.issue=24&rft.spage=8896&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Chemical+Society&rft.issn=1520-5126&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fja4015343 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2014-02-03 N1 - Date created - 2013-06-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja4015343 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A general approach to develop reduced order models for simulation of solid oxide fuel cell stacks AN - 1448755638; 18680262 AB - Numerical models for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are needed in system modeling studies of fuel cell-based power generation systems. A reduced order modeling approach based on response surface techniques is developed for SOFC stacks. This approach creates a numerical model that can quickly compute desired performance variables of interest based on the stack's input parameter state. The developed method first carefully samples the multidimensional design space based on the input parameter ranges, automatically evaluates an existing detailed stack model at each of the sampled points, and performs regression for selected performance variables of interest to determine the response surfaces. After error analysis to ensure that sufficient accuracy is established for the response surfaces, they are then implemented in a calculator module for use by the system-level software. The benefit of this modeling approach is that it is sufficiently fast for integration with system modeling software while still providing high fidelity information about the internal distributions of key variables in the fuel cell. This paper describes the sampling, regression, sensitivity, error, and principal component analysis to identify the most appropriate methods for simulating a planar SOFC stack. JF - Journal of Power Sources AU - Pan, W AU - Bao, J AU - Lo, C AU - Lai, K AU - Agarwal, K AU - Koeppel, B J AU - Khaleel, M AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MS-IN K7-90, Richland, WA 99352, USA, wenxiao.pan@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2013/06/15/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Jun 15 SP - 139 EP - 151 PB - Elesevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 232 SN - 0378-7753, 0378-7753 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Fuel technology KW - Computer programs KW - Sensitivity KW - Mathematical models KW - Principal components analysis KW - Electric power generation KW - Simulation KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1448755638?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.atitle=A+general+approach+to+develop+reduced+order+models+for+simulation+of+solid+oxide+fuel+cell+stacks&rft.au=Pan%2C+W%3BBao%2C+J%3BLo%2C+C%3BLai%2C+K%3BAgarwal%2C+K%3BKoeppel%2C+B+J%3BKhaleel%2C+M&rft.aulast=Pan&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2013-06-15&rft.volume=232&rft.issue=&rft.spage=139&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.issn=03787753&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sensitivity; Computer programs; Fuel technology; Mathematical models; Electric power generation; Principal components analysis; Simulation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The 36-18 Ma Indian Peak-Caliente ignimbrite field and calderas, southeastern Great Basin, USA; multicyclic super-eruptions AN - 1400616374; 2013-054372 AB - The Indian Peak-Caliente caldera complex and its surrounding ignimbrite field were a major focus of explosive silicic activity in the eastern sector of the subduction-related southern Great Basin ignimbrite province during the middle Cenozoic (36-18 Ma) ignimbrite flareup. Caldera-forming activity migrated southward through time in response to rollback of the subducting lithosphere. Nine partly exposed, separate to partly overlapping source calderas and an equal number of concealed sources compose the Indian Peak-Caliente caldera complex. Calderas have diameters to as much as 60 km and are filled with as much as 5000 m of intracaldera tuff and wall-collapse breccias. More than 50 ignimbrite cooling units, including 22 of regional (>100 km (super 3) ) extent, are distinguished on the basis of stratigraphic position, chemical and modal composition, (super 40) Ar/ (super 39) Ar age, and paleomagnetic direction. The most voluminous ash flows spread as far as 150 km from the caldera complex across a high plateau of limited relief--the Great Basin altiplano, which was created by late Paleozoic through Mesozoic orogenic deformation and crustal thickening. The resulting ignimbrite field covers a present area of approximately 60,000 km (super 2) in east-central Nevada and southwestern Utah. Before post-volcanic extension, ignimbrites had an estimated aggregate volume of approximately 33,000 km (super 3) . At least seven of the largest cooling units were produced by super-eruptions of more than 1000 km (super 3) . The largest, at 5900 km (super 3) , originally covered an area of 32,000 km (super 2) to outflow depths of hundreds of meters. Outflow ignimbrite sequences comprise as many as several cooling units from different sources with an aggregate thickness locally reaching a kilometer; sequences are almost everywhere conformable and lack substantial intervening erosional debris and angular discordances, thus manifesting a lack of synvolcanic crustal extension. Fallout ash in the mid-continent is associated with two of the super-eruptions. Ignimbrites are mostly calc-alkalic and high-K, a reflection of the unusually thick crust in which the magmas were created. They have a typical arc chemical signature and define a spectrum of compositions that ranges from high-silica (78 wt%) rhyolite to andesite (61 wt% silica). Rhyolite magmas were erupted in relatively small volumes more or less throughout the history of activity, but in a much larger volume after 24 Ma in the southern part of the caldera complex, creating approximately 10,000 km (super 3) of ignimbrite. The field has some rhyolite ignimbrites, the largest of which are in the south and were emplaced after 24 Ma. But the most distinctive attributes of the Indian Peak-Caliente field are two distinct classes of ignimbrite: 1. Super-eruptive monotonous intermediates. More or less uniform and unzoned deposits of dacitic ignimbrite that are phenocryst rich (to as much as approximately 50%) with plagioclase>biotite nearly equal quartz nearly equal hornblende>Fe-Ti oxides+ or -sanidine, pyroxene, and titanite; apatite and zircon are ubiquitous accessory phases. These tuffs were deposited at 31.13, 30.06, and 29.20 Ma in volumes of 2000, 5900, and 4400 km (super 3) , respectively, from overlapping, multicyclic calderas. A unique, and possibly kindred, phenocryst-rich latite-andesite ignimbrite with an outflow volume of 1100 km (super 3) was erupted at 22.56 Ma from a concealed source caldera to the south. 2. Trachydacitic Isom-type tuffs. Also relatively uniform but phenocryst poor (>clinopyroxene nearly equal orthopyroxene nearly equal Fe-Ti oxides>>apatite. These alkali-calcic tuffs are enriched in TiO (sub 2) , K (sub 2) O, P (sub 2) O (sub 5) , Ba, Nb, and Zr and depleted in CaO, MgO, Ni, and Cr, and have an arc chemical signature. Magmas were erupted from a concealed source immediately after and just to the southeast of the multicyclic monotonous intermediates. Most of their aggregate outflow volume of 1800 km (super 3) was erupted from 27.90 to 27.25 Ma. Nothing like this couplet of distinct ignimbrites, in such volumes, have been documented in other middle Cenozoic volcanic fields in the southwestern U.S. where the ignimbrite flareup is manifest. Magmas were created in unusually thick crust (as thick as 70 km) where large-scale inputs of mantle-derived basaltic magma powered partial melting, assimilation, mixing, and differentiation processes. Dacite and some rhyolite ignimbrites were derived from relatively low-temperature (700-800 degrees C), water-rich magmas that were a couple of log units more oxidized than the quartz-fayalite-magnetite (QFM) oxygen buffer at depths of approximately 8-12 km. In contrast to these "main-trend" magmas, trachydacitic Isom-type magmas were derived from drier and hotter ( approximately 950 degrees C) magmas originating deeper in the crust (to as deep as 30 km) by fractionation processes in andesitic differentiates of the mantle magma. "Off-trend" rhyolitic magmas that are both younger and older than the Isom type but possessed some of their same chemical characteristics possibly reflect an ancestry involving Isom-type magmas as well as main-trend rhyolitic magmas. Andesitic lavas extruded during the flare up but mostly after 25 Ma constitute a roughly estimated 12% of the volume of silicic ignimbrite, in contrast to major volcanic fields to the east, e.g., the Southern Rocky Mountain field, where the volume of intermediate-composition lavas exceeds that of silicic ignimbrites. JF - Geosphere AU - Best, Myron G AU - Christiansen, Eric H AU - Deino, Alan L AU - Gromme, Sherman AU - Hart, Garret L AU - Tingey, David G Y1 - 2013/06/13/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Jun 13 SP - 864 EP - 950 PB - Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO VL - 9 IS - 4 KW - United States KW - lithostratigraphy KW - volcanic rocks KW - Basin and Range Province KW - isotopes KW - rhyolitic composition KW - igneous rocks KW - southeastern Great Basin KW - stable isotopes KW - explosive eruptions KW - Cenozoic KW - spatial distribution KW - volcanic features KW - major elements KW - volcanism KW - tuff KW - rare earths KW - trace elements KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - Nevada KW - modal analysis KW - North America KW - alkaline earth metals KW - dacitic composition KW - isotope ratios KW - ignimbrite KW - Great Basin KW - volcanic fields KW - southwestern Utah KW - models KW - calderas KW - Sr-87/Sr-86 KW - pyroclastics KW - Tertiary KW - metals KW - magmas KW - volcanoes KW - Utah KW - strontium KW - phenocrysts KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1400616374?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geosphere&rft.atitle=The+36-18+Ma+Indian+Peak-Caliente+ignimbrite+field+and+calderas%2C+southeastern+Great+Basin%2C+USA%3B+multicyclic+super-eruptions&rft.au=Best%2C+Myron+G%3BChristiansen%2C+Eric+H%3BDeino%2C+Alan+L%3BGromme%2C+Sherman%3BHart%2C+Garret+L%3BTingey%2C+David+G&rft.aulast=Best&rft.aufirst=Myron&rft.date=2013-06-13&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=864&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geosphere&rft.issn=1553-040X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1130%2FGES00902.1 L2 - http://www.gsajournals.org/perlserv/?request=get-archive&issn=1553-040X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sects., 8 tables, geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2013-08-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; Basin and Range Province; calderas; Cenozoic; chemical composition; dacitic composition; explosive eruptions; geochemistry; Great Basin; igneous rocks; ignimbrite; isotope ratios; isotopes; lithostratigraphy; magmas; major elements; metals; modal analysis; models; Nevada; North America; phenocrysts; pyroclastics; rare earths; rhyolitic composition; southeastern Great Basin; southwestern Utah; spatial distribution; Sr-87/Sr-86; stable isotopes; strontium; Tertiary; trace elements; tuff; United States; Utah; volcanic features; volcanic fields; volcanic rocks; volcanism; volcanoes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/GES00902.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sensitivity of remote aerosol distributions to representation of cloud-aerosol interactions in a global climate model AN - 1529945039; 19775487 AB - Many global aerosol and climate models, including the widely used Community Atmosphere Model version 5 (CAM5), have large biases in predicting aerosols in remote regions such as the upper troposphere and high latitudes. In this study, we conduct CAM5 sensitivity simulations to understand the role of key processes associated with aerosol transformation and wet removal affecting the vertical and horizontal long-range transport of aerosols to the remote regions. Improvements are made to processes that are currently not well represented in CAM5, which are guided by surface and aircraft measurements together with results from a multi-scale aerosol-climate model that explicitly represents convection and aerosol-cloud interactions at cloud-resolving scales. We pay particular attention to black carbon (BC) due to its importance in the Earth system and the availability of measurements. We introduce into CAM5 a new unified scheme for convective transport and aerosol wet removal with explicit aerosol activation above convective cloud base. This new implementation reduces the excessive BC aloft to better simulate observed BC profiles that show decreasing mixing ratios in the mid- to upper-troposphere. After implementing this new unified convective scheme, we examine wet removal of submicron aerosols that occurs primarily through cloud processes. The wet removal depends strongly on the subgrid-scale liquid cloud fraction and the rate of conversion of liquid water to precipitation. These processes lead to very strong wet removal of BC and other aerosols over mid- to high latitudes during winter months. With our improvements, the Arctic BC burden has a 10-fold (5-fold) increase in the winter (summer) months, resulting in a much-better simulation of the BC seasonal cycle as well. Arctic sulphate and other aerosol species also increase but to a lesser extent. An explicit treatment of BC aging with slower aging assumptions produces an additional 30-fold (5-fold) increase in the Arctic winter (summer) BC burden. This BC aging treatment, however, has minimal effect on other underpredicted species. Interestingly, our modifications to CAM5 that aim at improving prediction of high-latitude and upper-tropospheric aerosols also produce much-better aerosol optical depth (AOD) over various other regions globally when compared to multi-year AERONET retrievals. The improved aerosol distributions have impacts on other aspects of CAM5, improving the simulation of global mean liquid water path and cloud forcing. JF - Geoscientific Model Development AU - Wang, H AU - Easter, R C AU - Rasch, P J AU - Wang, M AU - Liu, X AU - Ghan, S J AU - Qian, Y AU - Yoon, J-H AU - Ma, P-L AU - Vinoj, V AD - Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, Washington, USA Y1 - 2013/06/05/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Jun 05 SP - 765 EP - 782 PB - Copernicus, Max-Planck-Strasse 13, 37191 Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany, Phone: +49-5556-99555-0, Fax: +49-5556-99555-70 VL - 6 IS - 3 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Prediction KW - Convection KW - Aging KW - Convection development KW - Black carbon aerosols KW - Sulphates KW - Carbon KW - Mixing ratio KW - Convective transport KW - Arctic KW - Seasonal variations KW - Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) KW - Aerosols KW - Climate models KW - Climates KW - Aircraft observations KW - Simulation KW - Troposphere KW - Precipitation KW - Model Studies KW - PN, Arctic KW - Clouds KW - Long-range transport KW - Numerical simulations KW - Convective activity KW - Atmospheric forcing KW - Optical depth of aerosols KW - Global aerosols KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - SW 5040:Data acquisition KW - M2 551.581:Latitudinal Influences (551.581) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1529945039?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geoscientific+Model+Development&rft.atitle=Sensitivity+of+remote+aerosol+distributions+to+representation+of+cloud-aerosol+interactions+in+a+global+climate+model&rft.au=Wang%2C+H%3BEaster%2C+R+C%3BRasch%2C+P+J%3BWang%2C+M%3BLiu%2C+X%3BGhan%2C+S+J%3BQian%2C+Y%3BYoon%2C+J-H%3BMa%2C+P-L%3BVinoj%2C+V&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2013-06-05&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=765&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geoscientific+Model+Development&rft.issn=1991-959X&rft_id=info:doi/10.5194%2Fgmd-6-765-2013 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Convection; Aerosols; Atmospheric forcing; Aging; Troposphere; Simulation; Mixing ratio; Seasonal variations; Sulphates; Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET); Climate models; Aircraft observations; Black carbon aerosols; Convection development; Precipitation; Clouds; Long-range transport; Numerical simulations; Convective activity; Global aerosols; Optical depth of aerosols; Convective transport; Prediction; Carbon; Climates; Arctic; Model Studies; PN, Arctic DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-6-765-2013 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A novel approach for determining source-receptor relationships in model simulations: a case study of black carbon transport in northern hemisphere winter AN - 1705081392; PQ0001831585 AB - A Gaussian process emulator is applied to quantify the contributions of local and remote emissions of black carbon to its concentrations in different regions using a Latin hypercube sampling strategy for emission perturbations in the offline version of the Community Atmosphere Model Version 5.1 (CAM5) simulations. The source-receptor relationships are computed based on simulations constrained by a standard free-running CAM5 simulation and the ERA-Interim reanalysis product. The analysis demonstrates that the emulator is capable of retrieving the source-receptor relationships based on a small number of CAM5 simulations without any modifications to the model itself. Most regions are found to be most susceptible to their local emissions. The emulator also finds that the source-receptor relationships are approximately linear, and the signals retrieved from the model-driven and reanalysis-driven simulations are very similar, suggesting that the simulated circulation in CAM5 resembles the assimilated meteorology in ERA-Interim. The robustness of the results provides confidence for application of the emulator to detect dose-response signals in the climate system. JF - Environmental Research Letters AU - Ma, Po-Lun AU - Gattiker, James R AU - Liu, Xiaohong AU - Rasch, Philip J AD - Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA, Po-Lun.Ma@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2013/06// PY - 2013 DA - June 2013 SP - 1 EP - 8 PB - IOP Publishing, The Public Ledger Building, Suite 929 Philadelphia PA 19106 United States VL - 8 IS - 2 SN - 1748-9326, 1748-9326 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Gaussian process KW - emulation KW - black carbon KW - source-receptor KW - CAM5 KW - Black carbon KW - Case studies KW - Dose-response effects KW - Climate KW - Emissions KW - Simulation KW - Meteorology KW - Atmosphere KW - Winter KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1705081392?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=A+novel+approach+for+determining+source-receptor+relationships+in+model+simulations%3A+a+case+study+of+black+carbon+transport+in+northern+hemisphere+winter&rft.au=Ma%2C+Po-Lun%3BGattiker%2C+James+R%3BLiu%2C+Xiaohong%3BRasch%2C+Philip+J&rft.aulast=Ma&rft.aufirst=Po-Lun&rft.date=2013-06-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.issn=17489326&rft_id=info:doi/10.1088%2F1748-9326%2F8%2F2%2F024042 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Case studies; Black carbon; Dose-response effects; Climate; Emissions; Simulation; Meteorology; Atmosphere; Winter DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/8/2/024042 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tunable electrochemical properties of fluorinated graphene AN - 1562673547; 20518527 AB - The structural and electrochemical properties of fluorinated graphene have been investigated by using a series of graphene fluorides (CF sub(x), x= 0.47, 0.66, 0.89). Fluorinated graphene exhibited high capacity retentions of 75-81% of theoretical capacity at moderate rates as cathode materials for primary lithium batteries. Specifically, CF sub(0.47) maintained a capacity of 356 mA h g super(-1) at a 5 C rate, superior to that of traditional fluorinated graphite. The discharged graphene fluorides also provide an electrochemical tool to probe the chemical bonding on the parent graphene substrate. JF - Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for energy and sustainability AU - Meduri, Praveen AU - Chen, Honghao AU - Xiao, Jie AU - Martinez, Jayson J AU - Carlson, Thomas AU - Zhang, Ji-Guang AU - Deng, ZDaniel AD - Energy & Environment Directorate; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Richland; WA 99352; USA; , zhiqun.deng@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2013/06// PY - 2013 DA - Jun 2013 SP - 7866 EP - 7869 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry VL - 1 IS - 27 SN - 2050-7488, 2050-7488 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Batteries KW - Energy KW - Electrochemistry KW - Fluorides KW - Lithium KW - Sustainability KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1562673547?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.atitle=Tunable+electrochemical+properties+of+fluorinated+graphene&rft.au=Meduri%2C+Praveen%3BChen%2C+Honghao%3BXiao%2C+Jie%3BMartinez%2C+Jayson+J%3BCarlson%2C+Thomas%3BZhang%2C+Ji-Guang%3BDeng%2C+ZDaniel&rft.aulast=Meduri&rft.aufirst=Praveen&rft.date=2013-06-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=27&rft.spage=7866&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.issn=20507488&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc3ta11710c LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 34 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Batteries; Energy; Fluorides; Electrochemistry; Sustainability; Lithium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3ta11710c ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A simple model of global aerosol indirect effects AN - 1560123325; 20635229 AB - Most estimates of the global mean indirect effect of anthropogenic aerosol on the Earth's energy balance are from simulations by global models of the aerosol lifecycle coupled with global models of clouds and the hydrologic cycle. Extremely simple models have been developed for integrated assessment models, but lack the flexibility to distinguish between primary and secondary sources of aerosol. Here a simple but more physically based model expresses the aerosol indirect effect (AIE) using analytic representations of cloud and aerosol distributions and processes. Although the simple model is able to produce estimates of AIEs that are comparable to those from some global aerosol models using the same global mean aerosol properties, the estimates by the simple model are sensitive to preindustrial cloud condensation nuclei concentration, preindustrial accumulation mode radius, width of the accumulation mode, size of primary particles, cloud thickness, primary and secondary anthropogenic emissions, the fraction of the secondary anthropogenic emissions that accumulates on the coarse mode, the fraction of the secondary mass that forms new particles, and the sensitivity of liquid water path to droplet number concentration. Estimates of present-day AIEs as low as -5 W m super(-2) and as high as -0.3 W m super(-2) are obtained for plausible sets of parameter values. Estimates are surprisingly linear in emissions. The estimates depend on parameter values in ways that are consistent with results from detailed global aerosol-climate simulation models, which adds to understanding of the dependence on AIE uncertainty on uncertainty in parameter values. Key Points * A simple physically-based model represents aerosol indirect effects * The model estimates depend on parameters in ways like detailed global models * The aerosol indirect effect is surprisingly linear in emissions JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres AU - Ghan, Steven J AU - Smith, Steven J AU - Wang, Minghuai AU - Zhang, Kai AU - Pringle, Kirsty AU - Carslaw, Kenneth AU - Pierce, Jeffrey AU - Bauer, Susanne AU - Adams, Peter AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA. Y1 - 2013/06// PY - 2013 DA - June 2013 SP - 6688 EP - 6707 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD United Kingdom VL - 118 IS - 12 SN - 2169-897X, 2169-897X KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Life cycle analysis KW - Atmospheric pollution models KW - Flexibility KW - Anthropogenic factors KW - Particulates KW - Cloud condensation nuclei concentrations KW - Hydrologic Cycle KW - Hydrologic Models KW - Assessments KW - Emissions KW - Modelling KW - Particle size KW - Sensitivity KW - Aerosols KW - Cloud thickness KW - Simulation KW - Hydrologic cycle KW - Clouds KW - Atmosphere-hydrologic coupled models KW - Numerical simulations KW - Energy balance KW - Energy KW - Aerosol properties KW - Condensation KW - Global aerosols KW - Accumulation KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - M2 556:General (556) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - SW 0810:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1560123325?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.atitle=A+simple+model+of+global+aerosol+indirect+effects&rft.au=Ghan%2C+Steven+J%3BSmith%2C+Steven+J%3BWang%2C+Minghuai%3BZhang%2C+Kai%3BPringle%2C+Kirsty%3BCarslaw%2C+Kenneth%3BPierce%2C+Jeffrey%3BBauer%2C+Susanne%3BAdams%2C+Peter&rft.aulast=Ghan&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2013-06-01&rft.volume=118&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=6688&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.issn=2169897X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fjgrd.50567 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aerosols; Energy balance; Anthropogenic factors; Hydrologic cycle; Modelling; Atmosphere-hydrologic coupled models; Clouds; Atmospheric pollution models; Numerical simulations; Cloud thickness; Aerosol properties; Global aerosols; Cloud condensation nuclei concentrations; Particle size; Sensitivity; Life cycle analysis; Energy; Emissions; Simulation; Particulates; Hydrologic Cycle; Hydrologic Models; Assessments; Flexibility; Condensation; Accumulation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jgrd.50567 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effect of concentration on the structure and crystallinity of a cementitious waste form for caustic wastes AN - 1475532664; 18796734 AB - Cement-based waste forms have long been considered economical technologies for disposal of various types of waste. A solidified cementitious waste form, Cast Stone, has been identified to immobilize the radioactive secondary waste from vitrification processes. In this work, Cast Stone was considered for a Na-based caustic liquid waste, and its physical properties were analyzed as a function of liquid waste loading up to 2 M Na. Differences in crystallinity (phase composition), microstructure, mesostructure (pore size distribution and surface area), and macrostructure (density and compressive strength) were investigated using various analytical techniques, in order to assess the suitability of Cast Stone as a chemically durable waste. It was found that the concentration of secondary waste simulant (caustic waste) had little effect on the relevant engineering properties of Cast Stone, showing that Cast Stone could be an effective and tolerant waste form for a wide range of concentrations of high sodium waste. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Chung, Chul-Woo AU - Turo, Laura A AU - Ryan, Joseph V AU - Johnson, Bradley R AU - McCloy, John S AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA, john.mccloy@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2013/06// PY - 2013 DA - Jun 2013 SP - 332 EP - 340 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 437 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Sodium KW - Surface area KW - Economics KW - Radioactive materials KW - Waste disposal KW - Liquid wastes KW - Waste management KW - Technology KW - ENA 14:Radiological Contamination UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1475532664?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=The+effect+of+concentration+on+the+structure+and+crystallinity+of+a+cementitious+waste+form+for+caustic+wastes&rft.au=Chung%2C+Chul-Woo%3BTuro%2C+Laura+A%3BRyan%2C+Joseph+V%3BJohnson%2C+Bradley+R%3BMcCloy%2C+John+S&rft.aulast=Chung&rft.aufirst=Chul-Woo&rft.date=2013-06-01&rft.volume=437&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=332&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sodium; Surface area; Radioactive materials; Economics; Waste disposal; Liquid wastes; Technology; Waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Solubility control of technetium release from Saltstone by TcO sub(2) times xH sub(2)O AN - 1468371705; 18796745 AB - Saltstone leaching experiments were conducted using a modified single-pass flow-through method under anoxic conditions. The analytical results of leachates collected from these experiments were evaluated using thermodynamic modeling to determine if the data were consistent with potential solubility controlling phases. The results demonstrate that technetium release from Saltstone under anoxic conditions is controlled by the solubility of TcO sub(2) times xH sub(2)O (likely TcO sub(2) times 1.6H sub(2)O). In our system the solubility of TcO sub(2) times 1.6H sub(2)O appears to have been reached equilibrium within 2 weeks, with a Tc concentration of approximately 1.5 x 10 super(-6) M. Because Saltstone is a cementitious material, it is a continuously reacting solid with component phases that continue to change over very long time periods (up to hundreds of years). As a result of this process, the concentrations of technetium in equilibrium with TcO sub(2) times 1.6H sub(2)O are likely to vary as the composition of Saltstone pore fluid evolves over time. In a disposal scenario where the initially high pH values ( similar to 12.5-13) decrease (due to carbonation over very long time periods), the solubility of TcO sub(2) times xH sub(2)O would decrease significantly. The thermodynamic data used to determine the solubility of TcO sub(2) times 1.6H sub(2)O were taken from the tabulation of critically selected thermodynamic data determined by the Nuclear Energy Agency. Solid phase characterization to demonstrate the presence of TcO sub(2) times xH sub(2)O was not possible due to the low concentrations of technetium in our samples. Previous solid phase characterization studies with cementitious waste forms that were very similar to our Saltstone samples as well as reaction products derived from reductive immobilization of TcO super(-) sub(4) by amorphous FeS clearly indicate the presence of TcO sub(2) with varying degrees of hydration. Although, the presence of TcS sub(x) or other reduced technetium sulfide phases are likely present in our samples, release of technetium from Saltstone will be controlled by TcO sub(2) times 1.6H sub(2)O because of its higher solubility. Our results clearly demonstrate that the release mechanism of technetium from Saltstone under reducing conditions controlled by the solubility of TcO sub(2) times xH sub(2)O (likely TcO sub(2) times 1.6H sub(2)O); however, empirical distribution coefficients (K sub(d)s), that describe sorption and not solubility, were calculated for comparison with past literature values. After 84 days of reaction under anoxic conditions, the average K sub(d) value for technetium was determined to be 610 mL/g. This value is similar to a value determined previously for a similar Saltstone sample under reducing conditions at 56 days (712 plus or minus 81 mL/g). JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Cantrell, Kirk J AU - Williams, Benjamin D AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Mail Stop K6-81, Richland, WA 99352, United States, kirk.cantrell@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2013/06// PY - 2013 DA - Jun 2013 SP - 424 EP - 431 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 437 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Sorption KW - Leaching KW - Technetium KW - Thermodynamics KW - Sulfides KW - Radioactive materials KW - Nuclear energy KW - Leachates KW - pH KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1468371705?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Solubility+control+of+technetium+release+from+Saltstone+by+TcO+sub%282%29+times+xH+sub%282%29O&rft.au=Cantrell%2C+Kirk+J%3BWilliams%2C+Benjamin+D&rft.aulast=Cantrell&rft.aufirst=Kirk&rft.date=2013-06-01&rft.volume=437&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=424&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-12-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sorption; Leaching; Thermodynamics; Technetium; Radioactive materials; Sulfides; Nuclear energy; Leachates; pH ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A strategy for improved computational efficiency of the method of anchored distributions AN - 1442375308; 2013-081727 AB - This paper proposes a strategy for improving the computational efficiency of model inversion using the method of anchored distributions (MAD) by "bundling" similar model parametrizations in the likelihood function. Inferring the likelihood function typically requires a large number of forward model (FM) simulations for each possible model parametrization; as a result, the process is quite expensive. To ease this prohibitive cost, we present an approximation for the likelihood function called bundling that relaxes the requirement for high quantities of FM simulations. This approximation redefines the conditional statement of the likelihood function as the probability of a set of similar model parametrizations "bundle" replicating field measurements, which we show is neither a model reduction nor a sampling approach to improving the computational efficiency of model inversion. To evaluate the effectiveness of these modifications, we compare the quality of predictions and computational cost of bundling relative to a baseline MAD inversion of 3-D flow and transport model parameters. Additionally, to aid understanding of the implementation we provide a tutorial for bundling in the form of a sample data set and script for the R statistical computing language. For our synthetic experiment, bundling achieved a 35% reduction in overall computational cost and had a limited negative impact on predicted probability distributions of the model parameters. Strategies for minimizing error in the bundling approximation, for enforcing similarity among the sets of model parametrizations, and for identifying convergence of the likelihood function are also presented. Abstract Copyright (2013), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Over, Matthew William AU - Yang, Yarong AU - Chen, Xingyuan AU - Rubin, Yoram Y1 - 2013/06// PY - 2013 DA - June 2013 SP - 3257 EP - 3275 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 49 IS - 6 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - United States KW - Washington KW - numerical models KW - three-dimensional models KW - Bayesian analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - Richland Washington KW - statistical distribution KW - ground water KW - water table KW - theoretical studies KW - maximum likelihood KW - mathematical methods KW - Benton County Washington KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1442375308?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=A+strategy+for+improved+computational+efficiency+of+the+method+of+anchored+distributions&rft.au=Over%2C+Matthew+William%3BYang%2C+Yarong%3BChen%2C+Xingyuan%3BRubin%2C+Yoram&rft.aulast=Over&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=2013-06-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=3257&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fwrcr.20182 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 45 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2013-10-17 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bayesian analysis; Benton County Washington; ground water; mathematical methods; maximum likelihood; numerical models; Richland Washington; statistical analysis; statistical distribution; theoretical studies; three-dimensional models; United States; Washington; water table DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20182 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monthly river flow simulation with a joint conditional density estimation network AN - 1442375037; 2013-081725 AB - River flow synthesizing and downscaling are required for the analysis of risks associated with water resources management plans and for regional impact studies of climate change. This paper presents a probabilistic model that synthesizes and downscales monthly river flow by estimating the joint distribution of flows of two adjacent months conditional on covariates. The covariates may consist of lagged and aggregated flow variables (synthesizing), exogenous climatic variables (downscaling), or combinations of these two types. The joint distribution is constructed by connecting two marginal distributions in terms of copulas. The relationship between covariates and distribution parameters is approximated by an artificial neural network, which is calibrated using the principle of maximum likelihood. Outputs of the neural network yield parameters of the joint distribution. From the estimated joint distribution, a conditional distribution of river flow of current month given the estimation of the previous month can be derived. Depending on the different types of covariate information, this conditional distribution may serve as the "engine" for synthesizing or downscaling river flow sequences. The idea of the proposed model is illustrated using three case studies. The first case deals with synthetic data and shows that the model is capable of fitting a nonstationary joint distribution. Second, the model is utilized to synthesize monthly river flow at four sample stations on the main stream of the Colorado River. Results reveal that the model reproduces essential evaluation statistics fairly well. Third, a simple illustrative example for river flow downscaling is presented. Analysis indicates that the model can be a viable option to downscale monthly river flow as well. Abstract Copyright (2013), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Li, Chao AU - Singh, Vijay P AU - Mishra, Ashok K Y1 - 2013/06// PY - 2013 DA - June 2013 SP - 3229 EP - 3242 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 49 IS - 6 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - artificial intelligence KW - Colorado River basin KW - streamflow KW - statistical analysis KW - fluvial features KW - water management KW - probability KW - neural networks KW - rivers KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1442375037?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Monthly+river+flow+simulation+with+a+joint+conditional+density+estimation+network&rft.au=Li%2C+Chao%3BSingh%2C+Vijay+P%3BMishra%2C+Ashok+K&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Chao&rft.date=2013-06-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=3229&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fwrcr.20146 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2013-10-17 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - artificial intelligence; Colorado River basin; fluvial features; hydrology; neural networks; probability; rivers; statistical analysis; streamflow; United States; water management DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20146 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Automated immobilized metal affinity chromatography system for enrichment of Escherichia coli phosphoproteome AN - 1439232003; 18489075 AB - Enrichment of bacterial phosphopeptides is an essential step prior to bottom-up mass spectrometry-based analysis of the phosphoproteome, which is fundamental to understanding the role of phosphoproteins in cell signaling and regulation of protein activity. We developed an automated immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC) system to enrich strong cation exchange-fractionated phosphopeptides from the soluble proteome of Escherichia coli MG1655 grown on minimal medium. Initial demonstration of the system resulted in identification of 75 phosphopeptides covering 52 phosphoproteins. Consistent with previous studies, many of these phosphoproteins are involved in the carbohydrate portion of central metabolism. The automated system utilizes a large capacity IMAC column that can effectively enrich phosphopeptides from a bacterial sample by increasing peptide loading and reducing the wash time. An additional benefit of the automated IMAC system is reduced labor and associated costs. JF - Electrophoresis AU - Qu, Yi AU - Wu, Si AU - Zhao, Rui AU - Zink, Erika AU - Orton, Daniel J AU - Moore, Ronald J AU - Meng, Da AU - Clauss, Therese RW AU - Aldrich, Joshua T AU - Lipton, Mary S AU - Pasa-Tolic, Ljiljana AD - Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA. Y1 - 2013/06// PY - 2013 DA - Jun 2013 SP - 1619 EP - 1626 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 34 IS - 11 SN - 0173-0835, 0173-0835 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Immobilized metal affinity chromatography enrichment KW - Phosphorylation KW - Proteomics KW - Affinity chromatography KW - Metals KW - Phosphoproteins KW - Cations KW - Escherichia coli KW - phosphoproteomes KW - Carbohydrates KW - Metabolism KW - J 02320:Cell Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1439232003?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Electrophoresis&rft.atitle=Automated+immobilized+metal+affinity+chromatography+system+for+enrichment+of+Escherichia+coli+phosphoproteome&rft.au=Qu%2C+Yi%3BWu%2C+Si%3BZhao%2C+Rui%3BZink%2C+Erika%3BOrton%2C+Daniel+J%3BMoore%2C+Ronald+J%3BMeng%2C+Da%3BClauss%2C+Therese+RW%3BAldrich%2C+Joshua+T%3BLipton%2C+Mary+S%3BPasa-Tolic%2C+Ljiljana&rft.aulast=Qu&rft.aufirst=Yi&rft.date=2013-06-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1619&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Electrophoresis&rft.issn=01730835&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Felps.201200628 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Affinity chromatography; Metals; Cations; Phosphoproteins; phosphoproteomes; Carbohydrates; Metabolism; Escherichia coli DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elps.201200628 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of 180-degree and 90-degree needle rotation to reduce wound size in PIT-injected juvenile Chinook salmon AN - 1439228736; 18593393 AB - Most telemetry studies require the implantation or attachment of passive transponders or active transmitters to monitor and assess fish stocks and conservation to gain an understanding of fish physiology and behavior. As new telemetry technologies become available, it is imperative to study the effect of the transmitter or implantation technique on species of interest. In this study, we investigated the effects of needle axial or bevel rotation (0-, 90-, 180-degree) on wound extent and healing, and tag loss in juvenile Chinook salmon injected with an 8-gauge needle, which is required for implantation of the injectable Juvenile Salmon Acoustic Telemetry Systems acoustic transmitter and some passive integrated transponders (PITs). Although the wounds were not closed after injection (e.g., with sutures or glue), there were no mortalities, dropped tags, or indications of fungus, ulceration, or redness around the wound. No axial rotation (O-degrees) resulted in the PIT tag frequently misloading or falling out before injection. On Day 0 and post-implantation Day 7, the 90-degree bevel rotation produced a significantly smaller wound extent than the 180-degree bevel rotation. Given the wound extent compared to size of fish, we recommend researchers should consider a 90-degree rotation over the 180-degree rotation when injecting transmitters. JF - Fisheries Research (Amsterdam) AU - Bryson, A J AU - Woodley, C M AU - Karls, R K AU - Hall, K D AU - Weiland, MA AU - Deng, Z D AU - Carlson, T J AU - Eppard, M B AD - Pacific North-west National Laboratory, 1529W Sequim Bay Rd, Sequim, WA 98382, United States, christa.woodley@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2013/06// PY - 2013 DA - Jun 2013 SP - 201 EP - 204 VL - 143 SN - 0165-7836, 0165-7836 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Mortality KW - Juveniles KW - Acoustics KW - Sutures KW - Anadromous species KW - Wound healing KW - Oncorhynchus tshawytscha KW - Wounds KW - Tags KW - Fishery surveys KW - Fish physiology KW - Telemetry KW - Conservation KW - Salmonidae KW - Adhesives KW - Mortality causes KW - Transponders KW - Size KW - K 03410:Animal Diseases KW - Q1 08463:Habitat community studies KW - O 4090:Conservation and Environmental Protection KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q4 27720:Technology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1439228736?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fisheries+Research+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+180-degree+and+90-degree+needle+rotation+to+reduce+wound+size+in+PIT-injected+juvenile+Chinook+salmon&rft.au=Bryson%2C+A+J%3BWoodley%2C+C+M%3BKarls%2C+R+K%3BHall%2C+K+D%3BWeiland%2C+MA%3BDeng%2C+Z+D%3BCarlson%2C+T+J%3BEppard%2C+M+B&rft.aulast=Bryson&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2013-06-01&rft.volume=143&rft.issue=&rft.spage=201&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fisheries+Research+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.issn=01657836&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Tags; Juveniles; Fish physiology; Fishery surveys; Telemetry; Anadromous species; Mortality causes; Size; Transponders; Mortality; Sutures; Acoustics; Conservation; Wound healing; Adhesives; Wounds; Salmonidae; Oncorhynchus tshawytscha ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of NF(3) to Fluoride Volatility Processing of Used Nuclear Fuel AN - 1429877423; 18278123 AB - We at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory have been investigating nitrogen trifluoride (NF(3)) as the fluorinating and oxidizing agent for a fluoride-volatility-based used nuclear fuel (UNF) treatment process to recover valuable nuclear constituents and manage nuclear waste (1-3). NF(3) offers potential advantages over other fluorinating and oxidizing agents such as molecular fluorine that produce volatile actinides and transition metals in that NF(3) 1) is less chemically hazardous, 2) does not represent room temperature reactivity hazard, and 3) is a more thermally sensitive fluorinator which allows treatment-temperature based volatile fluoride separations. This paper presents results of our thermodynamic calculations, thermoanalytical studies, and kinetic evaluations of the reaction of NF(3) with constituents in used oxide nuclear fuels and our resulting process concept. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Scheele Randall, D AU - Mcnamara Bruce, K AU - Casella Andrew, M AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA, 99352 randall.scheele@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2013/06// PY - 2013 DA - Jun 2013 SP - 157 EP - 159 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 108 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Fluorine KW - Separation KW - Constituents KW - Nuclear fuels KW - Fluorides KW - Volatility KW - Fluorination KW - Oxidizing agents UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1429877423?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Application+of+NF%283%29+to+Fluoride+Volatility+Processing+of+Used+Nuclear+Fuel&rft.au=Scheele+Randall%2C+D%3BMcnamara+Bruce%2C+K%3BCasella+Andrew%2C+M&rft.aulast=Scheele+Randall&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2013-06-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=&rft.spage=157&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - Last updated - 2014-04-08 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - HEALTH MONITORING TO SUPPORT ADVANCED SMALL MODULAR REACTORS AN - 1429867262; 18278136 AB - aSMRs are being considered to complement large generating stations for future power production. These plants do not enjoy the economy-of-scale that make large plants economically competitive. However, the inclusion of advanced health management techniques for key active and passive components can improve the economics of aSMRs, which may be key for successful deployment in the future. Additional drivers for increased monitoring in aSMRs include the harsh internal environment and operating conditions, compact design, modular characteristics, and likely extended intervals between traditional inspection and maintenance opportunities. Online health assessment of critical active and passive SSCs is expected to greatly improve asset protection and management and to support optimized operations and maintenance planning. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Coble, Jamie AU - Meyer, Ryan AU - Ramuhalli, Pradeep AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory: Richland, WA 99352 jamie.coble@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2013/06// PY - 2013 DA - Jun 2013 SP - 211 EP - 213 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 108 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Modular KW - Nuclear power generation KW - Assessments KW - Economics KW - Power plants KW - Inclusions KW - Nuclear reactor components KW - Maintenance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1429867262?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=HEALTH+MONITORING+TO+SUPPORT+ADVANCED+SMALL+MODULAR+REACTORS&rft.au=Coble%2C+Jamie%3BMeyer%2C+Ryan%3BRamuhalli%2C+Pradeep&rft.aulast=Coble&rft.aufirst=Jamie&rft.date=2013-06-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=&rft.spage=211&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 12 N1 - Last updated - 2014-04-08 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Gas Impurity Monitoring in Advanced Small Modular Reactors AN - 1419359127; 18278129 AB - Advancing nuclear energy production is key to providing the United States with a sustainable, economical viable, safe, reliable, proliferation resistant, and carbon neutral energy source. The U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Nuclear Energy, Science and Technology established the Generation IV (Gen IV) program and a roadmap to support innovative Gen IV nuclear energy systems. At least six primary aSMR designs are under consideration by the Gen IV program, including gas-cooled fast reactors (GFR), very high temperature gas reactors (VHTG), lead-cooled fast reactors (LFR), sodium-cooled fast reactors (SFR), molten salt reactors (MSR), and supercritical water reactors (SCWR). These designs represent a revolutionary advancement in sustainability and their small modular size significantly departs from massive scale nuclear power generation systems of the past. The aSMR design concepts embody all of the features of the Gen III+ systems, with the significant distinction of operating at very high temperatures. The high temperature and integral nature of aSMR designs are fundamentally different compared to conventional reactor designs, and hence will require new instrumentation and control architectures for plant operation and the safety systems. The future viability of aSMRs is dependent on understanding and overcoming the significant technical challenges involving in-vessel reactor sensing and monitoring under the extremes of high temperature, pressures, corrosive environments, and radiation flux. This paper reviews key gas-phase coolant and cover gas impurities associated with corrosion processes and undesirable chemical reactions. The optical absorption spectrum for each impurity is presented and identification of promising peaks that could be used to detect impurities and determine concentrations. JF - Transactions of the American Nuclear Society AU - Anheier Norm, C AU - Suter Jonathan, D AU - Amy Qiao, H AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P O Box 999, MS: K5-25, Richland, WA 99352-0999, norm.anheier@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2013/06// PY - 2013 DA - Jun 2013 SP - 181 EP - 184 PB - American Nuclear Society, Inc. VL - 108 SN - 0003-018X, 0003-018X KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - USA KW - Nuclear reactors KW - Chemical reactions KW - High temperature KW - Safety systems KW - Economics KW - Corrosion KW - Absorption KW - Nuclear energy KW - Sustainability KW - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1419359127?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.atitle=Gas+Impurity+Monitoring+in+Advanced+Small+Modular+Reactors&rft.au=Anheier+Norm%2C+C%3BSuter+Jonathan%2C+D%3BAmy+Qiao%2C+H&rft.aulast=Anheier+Norm&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2013-06-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=&rft.spage=181&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Nuclear+Society&rft.issn=0003018X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-08-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Nuclear reactors; Chemical reactions; Safety systems; High temperature; Economics; Absorption; Corrosion; Nuclear energy; Sustainability; USA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Improving the regeneration of CO sub(2)-binding organic liquids with a polarity change AN - 1417892554; 18212798 AB - This paper describes a solvent regeneration method unique to CO sub(2)-binding organic liquids (CO sub(2)BOLs) and other switchable ionic liquids: utilizing changes in polarity to shift the free energy of the system. The degree of CO sub(2) loading in CO sub(2)BOLs is known to control the polarity of the solvent; conversely, polarity can be exploited as a means to control CO sub(2) loading. In this process, a chemically inert nonpolar "antisolvent" (AS) such as hexadecane (C16) is added to aid in de-complexing CO sub(2) from a CO sub(2)-rich CO sub(2)BOL. The addition of this polarity assist reduces the temperature required for regeneration of our most recent CO sub(2)BOL, 1-((1,3-dimethylimidazolidin-2-ylidene)amino)propan-2-ol by as much as 73 degree C. The lower regeneration temperatures realized with this polarity change allow reduced solvent attrition and thermal degradation. Furthermore, the polarity assist shows considerable promise for reducing the regeneration energy of CO sub(2)BOL solvents, and separation of the CO sub(2)BOL from the AS is as simple as a cooling the mixture to promote phase separation. Based on vapor-liquid and liquid-liquid equilibrium measurements of a candidate CO sub(2)BOL with CO sub(2), with and without an AS, we present the evidence and impacts of a polarity change on a CO sub(2)BOL. Equilibrium thermodynamic models and analysis of the system were constructed using Aspen Plus registered , and forecasts of preliminary process configurations and feasibility are also presented. Lastly, projections of solvent performance for removing CO sub(2) from a subcritical coal-fired power plant (total net power and parasitic load) are presented with and without this polarity assist and compared to the U.S. Department of Energy's Case 10 monoethanolamine baseline. JF - Energy & Environmental Science AU - Mathias, PaulM AU - Afshar, Kash AU - Zheng, Feng AU - Bearden, Mark D AU - Freeman, Charles J AU - Andrea, Tamer AU - Koech, Phillip K AU - Kutnyakov, Igor AU - Zwoster, Andy AU - Smith, Arnold R AU - Jessop, Philip G AU - Nik, Omid Ghaffari AU - Heldebrant, David J AD - Fluor Corporation; 3 Polaris Way; Aliso Viejo; CA; 92628; USA; +1-949-349-3595; , David.Heldebrant@PNNL.gov Y1 - 2013/06// PY - 2013 DA - Jun 2013 SP - 2233 EP - 2242 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry, c/o Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Secaucus New Jersey 07096 2485 United States VL - 6 IS - 7 SN - 1754-5692, 1754-5692 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Feasibility studies KW - USA KW - Attrition KW - Regeneration KW - Solvents KW - Temperature KW - Power plants KW - Coal KW - Exploitation KW - Carbon dioxide KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1417892554?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+%26+Environmental+Science&rft.atitle=Improving+the+regeneration+of+CO+sub%282%29-binding+organic+liquids+with+a+polarity+change&rft.au=Mathias%2C+PaulM%3BAfshar%2C+Kash%3BZheng%2C+Feng%3BBearden%2C+Mark+D%3BFreeman%2C+Charles+J%3BAndrea%2C+Tamer%3BKoech%2C+Phillip+K%3BKutnyakov%2C+Igor%3BZwoster%2C+Andy%3BSmith%2C+Arnold+R%3BJessop%2C+Philip+G%3BNik%2C+Omid+Ghaffari%3BHeldebrant%2C+David+J&rft.aulast=Mathias&rft.aufirst=PaulM&rft.date=2013-06-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=2233&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+%26+Environmental+Science&rft.issn=17545692&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc3ee41016a LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Feasibility studies; Attrition; Regeneration; Power plants; Temperature; Solvents; Exploitation; Coal; Carbon dioxide; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3ee41016a ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Physically Based Runoff Routing Model for Land Surface and Earth System Models AN - 1399916946; 18187327 AB - A new physically based runoff routing model, called the Model for Scale Adaptive River Transport (MOSART), has been developed to be applicable across local, regional, and global scales. Within each spatial unit, surface runoff is first routed across hillslopes and then discharged along with subsurface runoff into a "tributary subnetwork" before entering the main channel. The spatial units are thus linked via routing through the main channel network, which is constructed in a scale-consistent way across different spatial resolutions. All model parameters are physically based, and only a small subset requires calibration. MOSART has been applied to the Columbia River basin at degree , 1/8 degree , 14 degree , and 1/2 degree spatial resolutions and was evaluated using naturalized or observed streamflow at a number of gauge stations. MOSART is compared to two other routing models widely used with land surface models, the River Transport Model (RTM) in the Community Land Model (CLM) and the Lohmann routing model, included as a postprocessor in the Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) model package, yielding consistent performance at multiple resolutions. MOSART is further evaluated using the channel velocities derived from field measurements or a hydraulic model at various locations and is shown to be capable of producing the seasonal variation and magnitude of channel velocities reasonably well at different resolutions. Moreover, the impacts of spatial resolution on model simulations are systematically examined at local and regional scales. Finally, the limitations of MOSART and future directions for improvements are discussed. JF - Journal of Hydrometeorology AU - Li, Hongyi AU - Wigmosta, Mark S AU - Wu, Huan AU - Huang, Maoyi AU - Ke, Yinghai AU - Coleman, Andre M AU - Leung, LRuby AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington Y1 - 2013/06// PY - 2013 DA - Jun 2013 SP - 808 EP - 828 VL - 14 IS - 3 SN - 1525-755X, 1525-755X KW - Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Hydraulic models KW - Freshwater KW - Infiltration Capacity KW - Calibrations KW - Surface runoff KW - Runoff routing KW - Seasonal variations KW - Tributaries KW - Modelling KW - Rivers KW - Infiltration capacity KW - Velocity KW - River basins KW - Routing KW - Subsurface runoff KW - Model Studies KW - Stream flow KW - Channels KW - USA, Columbia R. basin KW - Hydrometeorological research KW - Numerical simulations KW - Runoff KW - Q2 09422:Storage and transport KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - AQ 00005:Underground Services and Water Use KW - M2 556.16:Runoff (556.16) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1399916946?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrometeorology&rft.atitle=A+Physically+Based+Runoff+Routing+Model+for+Land+Surface+and+Earth+System+Models&rft.au=Li%2C+Hongyi%3BWigmosta%2C+Mark+S%3BWu%2C+Huan%3BHuang%2C+Maoyi%3BKe%2C+Yinghai%3BColeman%2C+Andre+M%3BLeung%2C+LRuby&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Hongyi&rft.date=2013-06-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=808&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrometeorology&rft.issn=1525755X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2FJHM-D-12-015.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-07-01 N1 - Number of references - 61 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hydraulic models; River basins; Tributaries; Runoff; Stream flow; Modelling; Hydrometeorological research; Numerical simulations; Infiltration capacity; Surface runoff; Seasonal variations; Runoff routing; Subsurface runoff; Infiltration Capacity; Rivers; Channels; Calibrations; Velocity; Routing; Model Studies; USA, Columbia R. basin; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JHM-D-12-015.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Modeling Study of Irrigation Effects on Surface Fluxes and Land-Air-Cloud Interactions in the Southern Great Plains AN - 1399915083; 18187323 AB - In this study, the authors incorporate an operational-like irrigation scheme into the Noah land surface model as part of the Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF). A series of simulations, with and without irrigation, is conducted over the Southern Great Plains (SGP) for an extremely dry (2006) and wet (2007) year. The results show that including irrigation reduces model bias in soil moisture and surface latent heat (LH) and sensible heat (SH) fluxes, especially during a dry year. Irrigation adds additional water to the surface, leading to changes in the planetary boundary layer. The increase in soil moisture leads to increases in the surface evapotranspiration and near-surface specific humidity but decreases in the SH and surface temperature. Those changes are local and occur during daytime. There is an irrigation-induced decrease in both the lifting condensation level (Z sub(LCL)) and mixed-layer depth. The decrease in Z sub(LCL) is larger than the decrease in mixed-layer depth, suggesting an increasing probability of shallow clouds. The simulated changes in precipitation induced by irrigation are highly variable in space, and the average precipitation over the SGP region only slightly increases. A high correlation is found among soil moisture, SH, and Z sub(LCL). Larger values of soil moisture in the irrigated simulation due to irrigation in late spring and summer persist into the early fall, suggesting that irrigation-induced soil memory could last a few weeks to months. The results demonstrate the importance of irrigation parameterization for climate studies and improve the process-level understanding on the role of human activity in modulating land-air-cloud interactions. JF - Journal of Hydrometeorology AU - Qian, Yun AU - Huang, Maoyi AU - Yang, Ben AU - Berg, Larry K AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington Y1 - 2013/06// PY - 2013 DA - June 2013 SP - 700 EP - 721 VL - 14 IS - 3 SN - 1525-755X, 1525-755X KW - Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Prediction KW - Specific humidity KW - Surface temperatures KW - Surface Irrigation KW - Climate change KW - Man-induced effects KW - Soil Water KW - Latent heat KW - Surface fluxes KW - Lifting condensation level KW - Weather forecasting KW - Sensible heat KW - Climates KW - Irrigation KW - Temperature KW - Humidity KW - Precipitation KW - Model Studies KW - Clouds KW - Numerical simulations KW - Boundary layers KW - Moisture Content KW - Soil moisture KW - Lifting KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - Q2 09146:TSD distribution, water masses and circulation KW - M2 556.13:Evaporation/Evapotranspiration (556.13) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1399915083?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrometeorology&rft.atitle=A+Modeling+Study+of+Irrigation+Effects+on+Surface+Fluxes+and+Land-Air-Cloud+Interactions+in+the+Southern+Great+Plains&rft.au=Qian%2C+Yun%3BHuang%2C+Maoyi%3BYang%2C+Ben%3BBerg%2C+Larry+K&rft.aulast=Qian&rft.aufirst=Yun&rft.date=2013-06-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=700&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrometeorology&rft.issn=1525755X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2FJHM-D-12-0134.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-07-01 N1 - Number of references - 66 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Specific humidity; Prediction; Boundary layers; Climate change; Irrigation; Man-induced effects; Weather forecasting; Lifting; Sensible heat; Surface temperatures; Numerical simulations; Surface fluxes; Humidity; Lifting condensation level; Precipitation; Soil moisture; Latent heat; Clouds; Surface Irrigation; Climates; Temperature; Moisture Content; Soil Water; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JHM-D-12-0134.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Colloid transport in saturated porous media; elimination of attachment efficiency in a new colloid transport model AN - 1623276998; 2014-088506 AB - A colloid transport model is introduced that is conceptually simple yet captures the essential features of colloid transport and retention in saturated porous media when colloid retention is dominated by the secondary minimum because an electrostatic barrier inhibits substantial deposition in the primary minimum. This model is based on conventional colloid filtration theory (CFT) but eliminates the empirical concept of attachment efficiency. The colloid deposition rate is computed directly from CFT by assuming all predicted interceptions of colloids by collectors result in at least temporary deposition in the secondary minimum. Also, a new paradigm for colloid re-entrainment based on colloid population heterogeneity is introduced. To accomplish this, the initial colloid population is divided into two fractions. One fraction, by virtue of physiochemical characteristics (e.g., size and charge), will always be re-entrained after capture in a secondary minimum. The remaining fraction of colloids, again as a result of physiochemical characteristics, will be retained "irreversibly" when captured by a secondary minimum. Assuming the dispersion coefficient can be estimated from tracer behavior, this model has only two fitting parameters: (1) the fraction of the initial colloid population that will be retained "irreversibly" upon interception by a secondary minimum, and (2) the rate at which reversibly retained colloids leave the secondary minimum. These two parameters were correlated to the depth of the Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) secondary energy minimum and pore-water velocity, two physical forces that influence colloid transport. Given this correlation, the model serves as a heuristic tool for exploring the influence of physical parameters such as surface potential and fluid velocity on colloid transport. Abstract Copyright (2013), American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Landkamer, Lee L AU - Harvey, Ronald W AU - Scheibe, Timothy D AU - Ryan, Joseph N Y1 - 2013/05// PY - 2013 DA - May 2013 SP - 2952 EP - 2965 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 49 IS - 5 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - suspended materials KW - Pseudomonas KW - preferential flow KW - fluid dynamics KW - simulation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - reactivity KW - transport KW - filtration KW - retention KW - Escherichia coli KW - coliform bacteria KW - Escherichia KW - depositional environment KW - breakthrough curves KW - disposal barriers KW - concentration KW - experimental studies KW - colloidal materials KW - physicochemical properties KW - porous materials KW - aquifers KW - models KW - saturation KW - bacteria KW - waste disposal KW - pore water KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1623276998?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Colloid+transport+in+saturated+porous+media%3B+elimination+of+attachment+efficiency+in+a+new+colloid+transport+model&rft.au=Landkamer%2C+Lee+L%3BHarvey%2C+Ronald+W%3BScheibe%2C+Timothy+D%3BRyan%2C+Joseph+N&rft.aulast=Landkamer&rft.aufirst=Lee&rft.date=2013-05-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=2952&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fwrcr.20195 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 52 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-13 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; bacteria; breakthrough curves; coliform bacteria; colloidal materials; concentration; depositional environment; disposal barriers; Escherichia; Escherichia coli; experimental studies; filtration; fluid dynamics; ground water; models; physicochemical properties; pore water; porous materials; preferential flow; Pseudomonas; reactivity; remediation; retention; saturation; simulation; suspended materials; transport; waste disposal DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20195 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of circulation features on black carbon transport into the Arctic in the Community Atmosphere Model version 5 (CAM5) AN - 1529948583; 19803091 AB - Current climate models generally underpredict the surface concentration of black carbon (BC) in the Arctic due to the uncertainties associated with emissions, transport, and removal. This bias is also present in the Community Atmosphere Model version 5.1 (CAM5). In this study, we investigate the uncertainty of Arctic BC due to transport processes simulated by CAM5 by configuring the model to run in an "off-line mode" in which the large-scale circulation features are prescribed. We compare the simulated BC transport when the off-line model is driven by the meteorology predicted by the standard free-running CAM5 with simulations where the meteorology is constrained to agree with reanalysis products. Some circulation biases are apparent: the free-running CAM5 produces about 50% less transient eddy transport of BC than the reanalysis-driven simulations, which may be attributed to the coarse model resolution insufficient to represent eddies. Our analysis shows that the free-running CAM5 reasonably captures the essence of the Arctic Oscillation (AO), but some discernable differences in the spatial pattern of the AO between the free-running CAM5 and the reanalysis-driven simulations result in significantly different AO modulation of BC transport over northeast Asia and eastern Europe. Nevertheless, we find that the overall climatological circulation patterns simulated by the free-running CAM5 generally resemble those from the reanalysis products, and BC transport is very similar in both simulation sets. Therefore, the simulated circulation features regulating the long-range BC transport are unlikely the most important cause of the large underprediction of surface BC concentration in the Arctic. Key Points * Circulation biases in CAM5 is not the main reason for the low BC in the Arctic. * The coarse model resolution produces the weak eddy transport. * The AO bias in CAM5 produces incorrect interannual variability of BC transport. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres AU - Ma, Po-Lun AU - Rasch, Philip J AU - Wang, Hailong AU - Zhang, Kai AU - Easter, Richard C AU - Tilmes, Simone AU - Fast, Jerome D AU - Liu, Xiaohong AU - Yoon, Jin-Ho AU - Lamarque, Jean-Francois AD - Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA. PY - 2013 SP - 4657 EP - 4669 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD United Kingdom VL - 118 IS - 10 SN - 2169-897X, 2169-897X KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - circulation KW - BC KW - transport KW - Arctic KW - CAM5 KW - Black carbon KW - Climate models KW - Atmospheric pollution models KW - Spatial distribution KW - Arctic Oscillation KW - Climate KW - Simulation KW - Europe KW - Atmospheric circulation KW - Polar environments KW - Atmosphere KW - Data reanalysis KW - PN, Arctic KW - Interannual variability KW - Numerical simulations KW - Emissions KW - Meteorology KW - Transport processes KW - Asia KW - Circulation patterns KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M2 551.581:Latitudinal Influences (551.581) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1529948583?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.atitle=The+role+of+circulation+features+on+black+carbon+transport+into+the+Arctic+in+the+Community+Atmosphere+Model+version+5+%28CAM5%29&rft.au=Ma%2C+Po-Lun%3BRasch%2C+Philip+J%3BWang%2C+Hailong%3BZhang%2C+Kai%3BEaster%2C+Richard+C%3BTilmes%2C+Simone%3BFast%2C+Jerome+D%3BLiu%2C+Xiaohong%3BYoon%2C+Jin-Ho%3BLamarque%2C+Jean-Francois&rft.aulast=Ma&rft.aufirst=Po-Lun&rft.date=2013-05-01&rft.volume=118&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=4657&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.issn=2169897X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fjgrd.50411 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Interannual variability; Atmospheric pollution models; Climate models; Numerical simulations; Arctic Oscillation; Meteorology; Atmospheric circulation; Data reanalysis; Circulation patterns; Black carbon; Spatial distribution; Climate; Emissions; Simulation; Transport processes; Polar environments; Atmosphere; PN, Arctic; Europe; Asia DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jgrd.50411 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of persistent volatile contaminant sources in the vadose zone AN - 1438968801; 2013-077358 AB - Effective long-term operation of soil vapor extraction (SVE) systems for cleanup of vadose-zone sources requires consideration of the likelihood that remediation activities over time will alter the subsurface distribution and configuration of contaminants. A method is demonstrated for locating and characterizing the distribution and nature of persistent volatile organic contaminant (VOC) sources in the vadose zone. The method consists of three components: analysis of existing site and SVE-operations data, vapor-phase cyclic contaminant mass-discharge testing, and short-term vapor-phase contaminant mass-discharge tests conducted in series at multiple locations. Results obtained from the method were used to characterize overall source zone mass-transfer limitations, source-strength reductions, potential changes in source-zone architecture, and the spatial variability and extent of the persistent source(s) for the Department of Energy's Hanford site. The results confirmed a heterogeneous distribution of contaminant mass discharge throughout the vadose zone. Analyses of the mass-discharge profiles indicate that the remaining contaminant source is coincident with a lower-permeability unit at the site. Such measurements of source strength and size as obtained herein are needed to determine the impacts of vadose-zone sources on groundwater contamination and vapor intrusion, and can support evaluation and optimization of the performance of SVE operations. Abstract Copyright (2013), National Ground Water Association. JF - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation AU - Carroll, Kenneth C AU - Truex, Michael J AU - Brusseau, Mark L AU - Parker, Kyle R AU - Mackley, Robert D AU - Rohay, Virginia J Y1 - 2013/05// PY - 2013 DA - May 2013 SP - 68 EP - 84 PB - Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of National Ground Water Association, Malden, MA VL - 33 IS - 2 SN - 1069-3629, 1069-3629 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - contaminant plumes KW - soil vapor extraction KW - unsaturated zone KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - discharge KW - concentration KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - porous materials KW - carbon tetrachloride KW - aquifers KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - boreholes KW - volatile organic compounds KW - permeability KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1438968801?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+persistent+volatile+contaminant+sources+in+the+vadose+zone&rft.au=Carroll%2C+Kenneth+C%3BTruex%2C+Michael+J%3BBrusseau%2C+Mark+L%3BParker%2C+Kyle+R%3BMackley%2C+Robert+D%3BRohay%2C+Virginia+J&rft.aulast=Carroll&rft.aufirst=Kenneth&rft.date=2013-05-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=68&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.issn=10693629&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fgwmr.12006 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6592 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 95 N1 - PubXState - MA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; boreholes; carbon tetrachloride; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; contaminant plumes; discharge; environmental analysis; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; Hanford Site; monitoring; organic compounds; permeability; pollutants; pollution; porous materials; remediation; soil vapor extraction; United States; unsaturated zone; volatile organic compounds; volatiles; Washington DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gwmr.12006 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Computational evaluation of Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 metabolism for chemical production AN - 1434013251; 18483750 AB - Cyanobacteria are ideal metabolic engineering platforms for carbon-neutral biotechnology because they directly convert CO sub(2) to a range of valuable products. In this study, we present a computational assessment of biochemical production in Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 (Synechococcus 7002), a fast growing cyanobacterium whose genome has been sequenced, and for which genetic modification methods have been developed. We evaluated the maximum theoretical yields (mol product per mol CO sub(2) or mol photon) of producing various chemicals under photoautotrophic and dark conditions using a genome-scale metabolic model of Synechococcus 7002. We found that the yields were lower under dark conditions, compared to photoautotrophic conditions, due to the limited amount of energy and reductant generated from glycogen. We also examined the effects of photon and CO sub(2) limitations on chemical production under photoautotrophic conditions. In addition, using various computational methods such as minimization of metabolic adjustment (MOMA), relative metabolic change (RELATCH), and OptORF, we identified gene-knockout mutants that are predicted to improve chemical production under photoautotrophic and/or dark anoxic conditions. These computational results are useful for metabolic engineering of cyanobacteria to synthesize value-added products. Cyanobacteria are ideal metabolic engineering platforms for carbon-neutral biotechnology. In this study, authors present a thorough computational evaluation of biofuel production in the fast growing cyanobacterium Synechococcus 7002 in terms of yields, energy requirements, and predicted chemical production profiles for knockout mutants under different conditions. Computational strain design methods were able to predict mutants with improved chemical production for most products considered. These predictions will serve as a starting point for future metabolic engineering efforts to construct strains with improved biofuel production. JF - Biotechnology Journal AU - Vu, Trang T AU - Hill, Eric A AU - Kucek, Leo A AU - Konopka, Allan E AU - Beliaev, Alexander S AU - Reed, Jennifer L AD - Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA., reed@engr.wisc.edu Y1 - 2013/05// PY - 2013 DA - May 2013 SP - 619 EP - 630 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 8 IS - 5 SN - 1860-6768, 1860-6768 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Genomes KW - Cyanobacteria KW - Photons KW - Energy requirements KW - Synechococcus KW - metabolic engineering KW - Computer applications KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Biofuels KW - Glycogen KW - Models KW - K 03330:Biochemistry KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1434013251?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+Journal&rft.atitle=Computational+evaluation+of+Synechococcus+sp.+PCC+7002+metabolism+for+chemical+production&rft.au=Vu%2C+Trang+T%3BHill%2C+Eric+A%3BKucek%2C+Leo+A%3BKonopka%2C+Allan+E%3BBeliaev%2C+Alexander+S%3BReed%2C+Jennifer+L&rft.aulast=Vu&rft.aufirst=Trang&rft.date=2013-05-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=619&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+Journal&rft.issn=18606768&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fbiot.201200315 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-10-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Photons; Energy requirements; metabolic engineering; Carbon dioxide; Computer applications; Glycogen; Biofuels; Models; Cyanobacteria; Synechococcus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/biot.201200315 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of known-boundary and resistivity constraints for improving cross-borehole DC electrical resistivity imaging of discrete fractures AN - 1400619324; 2013-055616 AB - There is a need to better characterize discrete fractures in contaminated hard rock aquifers to determine the fate of remediation injections away from boreholes and also to evaluate hydraulic fracturing performance. A synthetic cross-borehole electrical resistivity study was conducted assuming a discrete fracture model of an existing contaminated site with known fracture locations. Four boreholes and two discrete fracture zones, assumed to be the dominant electrical and hydraulically conductive pathways, were explicitly modeled within an unstructured tetrahedral mesh. We first evaluated different regularization constraints starting with an uninformed smoothness-constrained inversion, to which a priori information was incrementally added. We found major improvements when (1) smoothness regularization constraints were relaxed (or disconnected) along boreholes and fractures, (2) a homogeneous conductivity was assumed along boreholes, and (3) borehole conductivity constraints that could be determined from a specific conductance log were applied. We also evaluated the effect of including borehole packers on fracture zone model recovery. We found that the fracture zone conductivities with the inclusion of packers were comparable to similar trials excluding the use of packers regardless of electrical potential changes. The misplacement of fracture regularization disconnects (FRDs) can easily be misinterpreted as actual fracture locations. Conductivities within these misplaced disconnects were near the starting model value, and removing smoothing between boreholes and assumed fracture locations helped in identifying incorrectly located FRDs. We found that structural constraints used after careful evaluation of a priori information are critical to improve imaging of fracture electrical conductivities, locations, and orientations. JF - Geophysics AU - Robinson, Judith AU - Johnson, Timothy AU - Slater, Lee Y1 - 2013/05/01/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 May 01 SP - D115 EP - D127 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 78 IS - 3 SN - 0016-8033, 0016-8033 KW - imagery KW - electrical conductivity KW - numerical models KW - crosshole methods KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - data processing KW - resistivity KW - fractures KW - boreholes KW - direct-current methods KW - digital simulation KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1400619324?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysics&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+known-boundary+and+resistivity+constraints+for+improving+cross-borehole+DC+electrical+resistivity+imaging+of+discrete+fractures&rft.au=Robinson%2C+Judith%3BJohnson%2C+Timothy%3BSlater%2C+Lee&rft.aulast=Robinson&rft.aufirst=Judith&rft.date=2013-05-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=D115&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysics&rft.issn=00168033&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2Fgeo2012-0333.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/gpysa7 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-18 N1 - CODEN - GPYSA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boreholes; crosshole methods; data processing; digital simulation; direct-current methods; electrical conductivity; electrical methods; fractures; geophysical methods; imagery; numerical models; resistivity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2012-0333.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Salmonellamodulates metabolism during growth under conditions that induce expression of virulence genes AN - 1399917779; 18189146 AB - Salmonella entericaserovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) is a facultative pathogen that uses complex mechanisms to invade and proliferate within mammalian host cells. To investigate possible contributions of metabolic processes to virulence in S. Typhimurium grown under conditions known to induce expression of virulence genes, we used a metabolomics-driven systems biology approach coupled with genome-scale modeling. First, we identified distinct metabolite profiles associated with bacteria grown in either rich or virulence-inducing media and report the most comprehensive coverage of the S.Typhimurium metabolome to date. Second, we applied an omics-informed genome-scale modeling analysis of the functional consequences of adaptive alterations in S. Typhimurium metabolism during growth under our conditions. Modeling efforts highlighted a decreased cellular capability to both produce and utilize intracellular amino acids during stationary phase culture in virulence conditions, despite significant abundance increases for these molecules as observed by our metabolomics measurements. Furthermore, analyses of omics data in the context of the metabolic model indicated rewiring of the metabolic network to support pathways associated with virulence. For example, cellular concentrations of polyamines were perturbed, as well as the predicted capacity for secretion and uptake. JF - Molecular BioSystems AU - Kim, Young-Mo AU - Schmidt, Brian J AU - Kidwai, Afshan S AU - Jones, Marcus B AU - Deatherage Kaiser, Brooke L AU - Brewer, Heather M AU - Mitchell, Hugh D AU - Palsson, Bernhard O AU - McDermott, Jason E AU - Heffron, Fred AU - Smith, Richard D AU - Peterson, Scott N AU - Ansong, Charles AU - Hyduke, Daniel R AU - Metz, Thomas O AU - Adkins, Joshua N AD - Fundamental and Computational Sciences Directorate; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Richland; WA 99352; USA; +1 509 371-6555; +1 509 371-6546; +1 509 371-6581; +1 509 371-6583; , thomas.metz@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2013/05// PY - 2013 DA - May 2013 SP - 1522 EP - 1534 VL - 9 IS - 6 SN - 1742-206X, 1742-206X KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Amino acids KW - Virulence KW - Salmonella typhimurium KW - J 02320:Cell Biology KW - G 07770:Bacteria UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1399917779?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+BioSystems&rft.atitle=Salmonellamodulates+metabolism+during+growth+under+conditions+that+induce+expression+of+virulence+genes&rft.au=Kim%2C+Young-Mo%3BSchmidt%2C+Brian+J%3BKidwai%2C+Afshan+S%3BJones%2C+Marcus+B%3BDeatherage+Kaiser%2C+Brooke+L%3BBrewer%2C+Heather+M%3BMitchell%2C+Hugh+D%3BPalsson%2C+Bernhard+O%3BMcDermott%2C+Jason+E%3BHeffron%2C+Fred%3BSmith%2C+Richard+D%3BPeterson%2C+Scott+N%3BAnsong%2C+Charles%3BHyduke%2C+Daniel+R%3BMetz%2C+Thomas+O%3BAdkins%2C+Joshua+N&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=Young-Mo&rft.date=2013-05-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1522&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+BioSystems&rft.issn=1742206X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc3mb25598k LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-07-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-11 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Virulence; Salmonella typhimurium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3mb25598k ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring vadose zone desiccation with geophysical methods AN - 1371764631; 2013-052051 AB - Soil desiccation was recently field tested as a potential vadose zone remediation technology. Desiccation removes water from the vadose zone and significantly decreases the aqueous-phase permeability of the desiccated zone, thereby decreasing movement of moisture and contaminants. The two- and three-dimensional distribution of moisture content reduction with time provides valuable information for desiccation operations and for determining when treatment goals have been reached. This type of information can be obtained through the use of geophysical methods. Neutron moisture logging, cross-hole electrical resistivity tomography, and cross-hole ground-penetrating radar approaches were evaluated with respect to their ability to provide effective spatial and temporal monitoring of desiccation during a treatability study conducted in the vadose zone of the USDOE Hanford site in the state of Washington. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Truex, M J AU - Johnson, T C AU - Strickland, C E AU - Peterson, J E AU - Hubbard, S S Y1 - 2013/05// PY - 2013 DA - May 2013 SP - 14 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 12 IS - 2 KW - United States KW - tomography KW - neutron methods KW - geophysical surveys KW - ground-penetrating radar KW - reclamation KW - well-logging KW - unsaturated zone KW - temperature KW - remediation KW - applications KW - soils KW - Hanford Formation KW - Washington KW - in situ KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - radar methods KW - Hanford Site KW - resistivity KW - desiccation KW - surveys KW - treatability KW - field studies KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1371764631?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Monitoring+vadose+zone+desiccation+with+geophysical+methods&rft.au=Truex%2C+M+J%3BJohnson%2C+T+C%3BStrickland%2C+C+E%3BPeterson%2C+J+E%3BHubbard%2C+S+S&rft.aulast=Truex&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2013-05-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fvzj2012.0147 L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Soil Science Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 48 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-06-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; desiccation; electrical methods; field studies; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; ground-penetrating radar; Hanford Formation; Hanford Site; in situ; neutron methods; radar methods; reclamation; remediation; resistivity; soils; surveys; temperature; tomography; treatability; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington; well-logging DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/vzj2012.0147 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of water saturation using gas phase partitioning tracers and time-lapse electrical conductivity measurements AN - 1371764472; 2013-052071 AB - Water saturation is an important indicator of contaminant distribution and plays a governing role in contaminant transport within the vadose zone. Understanding the water saturation distribution is critical for both remediation and contaminant flux monitoring in unsaturated environments. In this work, we propose and demonstrate a method of remotely determining water saturation levels using gas phase partitioning tracers and time-lapse bulk electrical conductivity measurements. The theoretical development includes the partitioning chemistry for the tracers we demonstrate (ammonia and carbon dioxide), as well as a review of the petrophysical relationship governing how these tracers influence bulk conductivity. We also investigate methods of utilizing secondary information provided by electrical conductivity breakthrough magnitudes induced by the tracers. We test the method on clean, well characterized, intermediate-scale sand columns under controlled conditions. Results demonstrate the capability to accurately monitor gas breakthrough curves along the length of the column according to the corresponding electrical conductivity response, and to adequately determine partitioning coefficients, leading to accurate water saturation estimates. This work is motivated by the need to develop effective characterization and monitoring techniques for contaminated deep vadose zone environments, and provides a proof-of-concept toward uniquely characterizing and monitoring water saturation levels at the field scale and in three-dimensions using electrical resistivity tomography. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Johnson, T C AU - Oostrom, M AU - Truex, M J AU - Thomle, J N AU - Wietsma, T W AU - Fares, Ali AU - Temimi, Marouane AU - Morgan, Kelly AU - Kelleners, Thijs J Y1 - 2013/05// PY - 2013 DA - May 2013 SP - 14 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 12 IS - 2 KW - tomography KW - electrical conductivity KW - Archie's law KW - unsaturated zone KW - solution KW - physical models KW - carbon dioxide KW - partitioning KW - laboratory studies KW - tracers KW - time-lapse methods KW - sediments KW - breakthrough curves KW - geochemistry KW - ammonia compound KW - water KW - soils KW - sand KW - experimental studies KW - gaseous phase KW - clastic sediments KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - equations KW - resistivity KW - measurement KW - saturation KW - unconsolidated materials KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1371764472?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Determination+of+water+saturation+using+gas+phase+partitioning+tracers+and+time-lapse+electrical+conductivity+measurements&rft.au=Johnson%2C+T+C%3BOostrom%2C+M%3BTruex%2C+M+J%3BThomle%2C+J+N%3BWietsma%2C+T+W%3BFares%2C+Ali%3BTemimi%2C+Marouane%3BMorgan%2C+Kelly%3BKelleners%2C+Thijs+J&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2013-05-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fvzj2012.0142 L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Soil Science Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendix N1 - Last updated - 2013-06-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ammonia compound; Archie's law; breakthrough curves; carbon dioxide; clastic sediments; electrical conductivity; electrical methods; equations; experimental studies; gaseous phase; geochemistry; geophysical methods; laboratory studies; measurement; partitioning; physical models; resistivity; sand; saturation; sediments; soils; solution; time-lapse methods; tomography; tracers; unconsolidated materials; unsaturated zone; water DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/vzj2012.0142 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Can radiative forcing be limited to 2.6 Wm super(-2) without negative emissions from bioenergy AND CO sub(2) capture and storage? AN - 1352284390; 17957486 AB - Combining bioenergy and carbon dioxide (CO sub(2)) capture and storage (CCS) technologies (BECCS) has the potential to remove CO sub(2) from the atmosphere while producing useful energy. BECCS has played a central role in scenarios that reduce climate forcing to low levels such as 2.6 Wm super(-2). In this paper we consider whether BECCS is essential to limiting radiative forcing (RF) to 2.6 Wm super(-2) by 2100 using the Global Change Assessment Model, a closely coupled model of biogeophysical and human Earth systems. We show that BECCS can potentially reduce the cost of limiting RF to 2.6 Wm super(-2) by 2100 but that a variety of technology combinations that do not include BECCS can also achieve this goal, under appropriate emissions mitigation policies. We note that with appropriate supporting land-use policies terrestrial sequestration could deliver carbon storage ranging from 200 to 700 PgCO sub(2)-equiavalent over the 21st century. We explore substantial delays in participation by some geopolitical regions. We find that the value of BECCS is substantially higher under delay and that delay results in higher transient RF and climate change. However, when major regions postponed mitigation indefinitely, it was impossible to return RF to 2.6 Wm super(-2) by 2100. Neither finite land resources nor finite potential geologic storage capacity represented a meaningful technical limit on the ability of BECCS to contribute to emissions mitigation in the numerical experiments reported in this paper. JF - Climatic Change AU - Edmonds, James AU - Luckow, Patrick AU - Calvin, Katherine AU - Wise, Marshall AU - Dooley, Jim AU - Kyle, Page AU - Kim, Son H AU - Patel, Pralit AU - Clarke, Leon AD - Joint Global Change Research Institute (JGCRI) of the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 5825 University Research Court, Suite 3500, College Park, MD, 20740, USA Y1 - 2013/05// PY - 2013 DA - May 2013 SP - 29 EP - 43 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 118 IS - 1 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE); ANTE: Abstracts in New Technologies and Engineering (AN) KW - Constraining KW - Policies KW - Radiative forcing KW - Emissions control KW - Delay KW - Carbon capture and storage KW - Radio frequencies KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Yes:(AN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1352284390?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=Can+radiative+forcing+be+limited+to+2.6+Wm+super%28-2%29+without+negative+emissions+from+bioenergy+AND+CO+sub%282%29+capture+and+storage%3F&rft.au=Edmonds%2C+James%3BLuckow%2C+Patrick%3BCalvin%2C+Katherine%3BWise%2C+Marshall%3BDooley%2C+Jim%3BKyle%2C+Page%3BKim%2C+Son+H%3BPatel%2C+Pralit%3BClarke%2C+Leon&rft.aulast=Edmonds&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2013-05-01&rft.volume=118&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=29&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10584-012-0678-z LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-05 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-012-0678-z ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Counterion influence on chemical shifts in strychnine salts. AN - 1327727729; 23495106 AB - The highly toxic plant alkaloid strychnine is often isolated in the form of the anion salt of its protonated tertiary amine. Here, we characterize the relative influence of different counterions on (1)H and (13)C chemical shifts in several strychnine salts in D2O, methanol-d4 (CD3OD), and chloroform-d (CDCl3) solvents. In organic solvents but not in water, substantial variation in chemical shifts of protons near the tertiary amine was observed among different salts. These secondary shifts reveal differences in the way each anion influences electronic structure within the protonated amine. The distributions of secondary shifts allow salts to be easily distinguished from each other as well as from the free base form. Slight concentration dependence in chemical shifts of some protons near the amine was observed for two salts in CDCl3, but this effect is small compared with the influence of the counterion. Distinct chemical shifts in different salt forms of the same compound may be useful as chemical forensic signatures for source attribution and sample matching of alkaloids such as strychnine and possibly other organic acid and base salts. JF - Magnetic resonance in chemistry : MRC AU - Metaxas, Athena E AU - Cort, John R AD - Fundamental and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA. Y1 - 2013/05// PY - 2013 DA - May 2013 SP - 292 EP - 298 VL - 51 IS - 5 KW - Carbon Isotopes KW - 0 KW - Salts KW - Solvents KW - Chloroform KW - 7V31YC746X KW - Hydrogen KW - 7YNJ3PO35Z KW - Strychnine KW - H9Y79VD43J KW - Deuterium Oxide KW - J65BV539M3 KW - Methanol KW - Y4S76JWI15 KW - Index Medicus KW - Solvents -- chemistry KW - Reference Standards KW - Salts -- chemistry KW - Molecular Conformation KW - Deuterium Oxide -- chemistry KW - Chloroform -- chemistry KW - Methanol -- chemistry KW - Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy -- standards KW - Strychnine -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1327727729?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Magnetic+resonance+in+chemistry+%3A+MRC&rft.atitle=Counterion+influence+on+chemical+shifts+in+strychnine+salts.&rft.au=Metaxas%2C+Athena+E%3BCort%2C+John+R&rft.aulast=Metaxas&rft.aufirst=Athena&rft.date=2013-05-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=292&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Magnetic+resonance+in+chemistry+%3A+MRC&rft.issn=1097-458X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fmrc.3945 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2013-10-17 N1 - Date created - 2013-04-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrc.3945 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A numerical study of the effect of different aerosol types on East Asian summer clouds and precipitation AN - 1323817123; 17802852 AB - In this study, the anthropogenic aerosol impact on the summer monsoon clouds and precipitation in East Asia is investigated using the NCAR Community Atmospheric Model version 5 (CAM5), a state-of-the-art climate model considering aerosol direct, semi-direct and indirect effects. The effects of all anthropogenic aerosols, and anthropogenic black carbon (BC), sulfate, and primary organic matter (POM) are decomposed from different sensitivity simulations. Anthropogenic sulfate and POM reduce the solar flux reaching the surface directly by scattering the solar radiation, and indirectly by increasing the cloud droplet number concentration and cloud liquid water path over East China. The surface air temperature over land is reduced, and the precipitation in North China is suppressed. Unlike anthropogenic sulfate and POM, anthropogenic BC does not have a significant effect on the air temperature at the surface, because of the reduction of the cloud liquid water path and the weakening of shortwave cloud forcing by its semi-direct effect. The anthropogenic BC strengthens the southwesterly wind over South China and leads to stronger deep convection at the 25 degree N-30 degree N latitudinal band. The effect of all anthropogenic aerosols on air temperature, clouds, and precipitation is not a linear summation of effects from individual anthropogenic sulfate, BC and POM. Overall all anthropogenic aerosols suppress the precipitation in North China and enhance the precipitation in South China and adjacent ocean regions. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Jiang, Yiquan AU - Liu, Xiaohong AU - Yang, Xiu-Qun AU - Wang, Minghuai AD - Institute for Climate and Global Change Research, School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China, Xiaohong.Liu@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2013/05// PY - 2013 DA - May 2013 SP - 51 EP - 63 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 70 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts KW - Sulfates KW - Convection KW - Rainfall KW - Anthropogenic factors KW - Summer KW - Convection development KW - Black carbon aerosols KW - Solar radiation KW - Air temperature KW - Carbon KW - Ocean-atmosphere system KW - Abiotic factors KW - Temperature effects KW - Marine KW - Summer monsoon KW - Aerosols KW - Atmospheric pollution KW - Air Temperature KW - Climates KW - Precipitation KW - Model Studies KW - Cloud droplet concentration KW - Clouds KW - Numerical simulations KW - Oceans KW - Atmospheric forcing KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M2 551.581:Latitudinal Influences (551.581) KW - O 4060:Pollution - Environment KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1323817123?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=A+numerical+study+of+the+effect+of+different+aerosol+types+on+East+Asian+summer+clouds+and+precipitation&rft.au=Jiang%2C+Yiquan%3BLiu%2C+Xiaohong%3BYang%2C+Xiu-Qun%3BWang%2C+Minghuai&rft.aulast=Jiang&rft.aufirst=Yiquan&rft.date=2013-05-01&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=&rft.spage=51&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.atmosenv.2012.12.039 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Convection; Clouds; Temperature effects; Aerosols; Atmospheric forcing; Ocean-atmosphere system; Anthropogenic factors; Air temperature; Abiotic factors; Summer monsoon; Atmospheric pollution; Numerical simulations; Black carbon aerosols; Convection development; Precipitation; Solar radiation; Cloud droplet concentration; Sulfates; Oceans; Rainfall; Summer; Carbon; Air Temperature; Climates; Model Studies; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.12.039 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Water O-H stretching Raman signature for strong acid monitoring via multivariate analysis. AN - 1328226551; 23472939 AB - A distinct need exists for real time information on an acid concentration of industrial aqueous streams. Acid strength affects efficiency and selectivity of many separation processes, including nuclear fuel reprocessing. Despite the seeming simplicity of the problem, no practical solution has been offered yet, particularly for the large-scale schemes involving toxic streams such as highly radioactive nuclear wastes. The classic potentiometric technique is not amiable for online measurements due to the requirements of frequent calibration/maintenance and poor long-term stability in aggressive chemical and radiation environments. Therefore, an alternative analytical method is needed. In this work, the potential of using Raman spectroscopic measurements for online monitoring of strong acid concentration in solutions relevant to dissolved used nuclear fuel was investigated. The Raman water signature was monitored for solution systems containing nitric and hydrochloric acids and their sodium salts of systematically varied composition, ionic strength, and temperature. The trivalent neodymium ion simulated the presence of multivalent f metals. The gaussian deconvolution analysis was used to interpret observed effects of the solution nature on the Raman water O-H stretching spectrum. The generated Raman spectroscopic database was used to develop predictive multivariate regression models for the quantification of the acid and other solution components, as well as selected physicochemical properties. This method was validated using independent experiments conducted in a flow solvent extraction system. JF - Analytical chemistry AU - Casella, Amanda J AU - Levitskaia, Tatiana G AU - Peterson, James M AU - Bryan, Samuel A AD - Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States. Y1 - 2013/04/16/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Apr 16 SP - 4120 EP - 4128 VL - 85 IS - 8 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328226551?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+chemistry&rft.atitle=Water+O-H+stretching+Raman+signature+for+strong+acid+monitoring+via+multivariate+analysis.&rft.au=Casella%2C+Amanda+J%3BLevitskaia%2C+Tatiana+G%3BPeterson%2C+James+M%3BBryan%2C+Samuel+A&rft.aulast=Casella&rft.aufirst=Amanda&rft.date=2013-04-16&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=4120&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+chemistry&rft.issn=1520-6882&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fac4001628 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2014-01-08 N1 - Date created - 2013-04-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac4001628 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hepatic leukemia factor promotes resistance to cell death: implications for therapeutics and chronotherapy. AN - 1318096609; 23415677 AB - Physiological variation related to circadian rhythms and aberrant gene expression patterns are believed to modulate therapeutic efficacy, but the precise molecular determinants remain unclear. Here we examine the regulation of cell death by hepatic leukemia factor (HLF), which is an output regulator of circadian rhythms and is aberrantly expressed in human cancers, using an ectopic expression strategy in JB6 mouse epidermal cells and human keratinocytes. Ectopic HLF expression inhibited cell death in both JB6 cells and human keratinocytes, as induced by serum-starvation, tumor necrosis factor alpha and ionizing radiation. Microarray analysis indicates that HLF regulates a complex multi-gene transcriptional program encompassing upregulation of anti-apoptotic genes, downregulation of pro-apoptotic genes, and many additional changes that are consistent with an anti-death program. Collectively, our results demonstrate that ectopic expression of HLF, an established transcription factor that cycles with circadian rhythms, can recapitulate many features associated with circadian-dependent physiological variation. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Waters, Katrina M AU - Sontag, Ryan L AU - Weber, Thomas J AD - Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA. Y1 - 2013/04/15/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Apr 15 SP - 141 EP - 148 VL - 268 IS - 2 KW - Annexins KW - 0 KW - Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors KW - HLF protein, human KW - RNA, Messenger KW - Caspase 3 KW - EC 3.4.22.- KW - Index Medicus KW - Neoplasms -- drug therapy KW - Animals KW - Circadian Rhythm KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Humans KW - Transduction, Genetic KW - RNA, Messenger -- analysis KW - Mice KW - Annexins -- genetics KW - Neoplasms -- etiology KW - Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective KW - Cell Survival KW - Caspase 3 -- metabolism KW - Apoptosis KW - Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors -- physiology KW - Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1318096609?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Hepatic+leukemia+factor+promotes+resistance+to+cell+death%3A+implications+for+therapeutics+and+chronotherapy.&rft.au=Waters%2C+Katrina+M%3BSontag%2C+Ryan+L%3BWeber%2C+Thomas+J&rft.aulast=Waters&rft.aufirst=Katrina&rft.date=2013-04-15&rft.volume=268&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=141&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=1096-0333&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.taap.2013.01.031 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2013-05-10 N1 - Date created - 2013-03-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2013.01.031 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exploiting the physicochemical properties of dendritic polymers for environmental and biological applications. AN - 1315136001; 23400225 AB - In this perspective we first examine the rich physicochemical properties of dendritic polymers for hosting cations, anions, and polyaromatic hydrocarbons. We then extrapolate these conceptual discussions to the use of dendritic polymers in humic acid antifouling, oil dispersion, copper sensing, and fullerenol remediation. In addition, we review the state-of-the-art of dendrimer research and elaborate on its implications for water purification, environmental remediation, nanomedicine, and energy harvesting. JF - Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP AU - Bhattacharya, Priyanka AU - Geitner, Nicholas K AU - Sarupria, Sapna AU - Ke, Pu Chun AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, P.O. Box 999, MSIN K2-44, Richland, WA 99352, USA. priyanka.bhattacharya@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2013/04/07/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Apr 07 SP - 4477 EP - 4490 VL - 15 IS - 13 KW - Dendrimers KW - 0 KW - Polymers KW - Index Medicus KW - Molecular Structure KW - Models, Molecular KW - Chemistry, Physical KW - Dendrimers -- chemical synthesis KW - Polymers -- chemical synthesis KW - Dendrimers -- chemistry KW - Polymers -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1315136001?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physical+chemistry+chemical+physics+%3A+PCCP&rft.atitle=Exploiting+the+physicochemical+properties+of+dendritic+polymers+for+environmental+and+biological+applications.&rft.au=Bhattacharya%2C+Priyanka%3BGeitner%2C+Nicholas+K%3BSarupria%2C+Sapna%3BKe%2C+Pu+Chun&rft.aulast=Bhattacharya&rft.aufirst=Priyanka&rft.date=2013-04-07&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=4477&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Physical+chemistry+chemical+physics+%3A+PCCP&rft.issn=1463-9084&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc3cp44591g LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2013-08-16 N1 - Date created - 2013-03-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3cp44591g ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Direct numerical simulation of pore-scale flow in a bead pack: Comparison with magnetic resonance imaging observations AN - 1770275819; PQ0002257069 AB - A significant body of current research is aimed at developing methods for numerical simulation of flow and transport in porous media that explicitly resolve complex pore and solid geometries, and at utilizing such models to study the relationships between fundamental pore-scale processes and macroscopic manifestations at larger (i.e., Darcy) scales. A number of different numerical methods for pore-scale simulation have been developed, and have been extensively tested and validated for simplified geometries. However, validation of pore-scale simulations of fluid velocity for complex, three-dimensional (3D) pore geometries that are representative of natural porous media is challenging due to our limited ability to measure pore-scale velocity in such systems. Recent advances in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offer the opportunity to measure not only the pore geometry, but also local fluid velocities under steady-state flow conditions in 3D and with high spatial resolution. In this paper, we present a 3D velocity field measured at sub-pore resolution (tens of micrometers) over a centimeter-scale 3D domain using MRI methods. We have utilized the measured pore geometry to perform 3D simulations of Navier-Stokes flow over the same domain using direct numerical simulation techniques. We present a comparison of the numerical simulation results with the measured velocity field. It is shown that the numerical results match the observed velocity patterns well overall except for a variance and small systematic scaling which can be attributed to the known experimental uncertainty in the MRI measurements. The comparisons presented here provide strong validation of the pore-scale simulation methods and new insights for interpretation of uncertainty in MRI measurements of pore-scale velocity. This study also provides a potential benchmark for future comparison of other pore-scale simulation methods. copyright 2012 Elsevier Science. All rights reserved. JF - Advances in Water Resources AU - Yang, Xiaofan AU - Scheibe, Timothy D AU - Richmond, Marshall C AU - Perkins, William A AU - Vogt, Sarah J AU - Codd, Sarah L AU - Seymour, Joseph D AU - McKinley, Matthew I AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Hydrology Group, PO Box 999, MS K9-36, Richland, WA 99352, United States Y1 - 2013/04// PY - 2013 DA - April 2013 SP - 228 EP - 241 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 54 SN - 0309-1708, 0309-1708 KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Pore-scale modeling KW - Porous media flow KW - Magnetic resonance imaging KW - Validation KW - Computational fluid dynamics KW - Three dimensional KW - Mathematical models KW - Computer simulation KW - Navier-Stokes equations KW - Porosity KW - Fluid flow KW - Porous media UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1770275819?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.atitle=Direct+numerical+simulation+of+pore-scale+flow+in+a+bead+pack%3A+Comparison+with+magnetic+resonance+imaging+observations&rft.au=Yang%2C+Xiaofan%3BScheibe%2C+Timothy+D%3BRichmond%2C+Marshall+C%3BPerkins%2C+William+A%3BVogt%2C+Sarah+J%3BCodd%2C+Sarah+L%3BSeymour%2C+Joseph+D%3BMcKinley%2C+Matthew+I&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=Xiaofan&rft.date=2013-04-01&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=&rft.spage=228&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.issn=03091708&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.advwatres.2013.01.009 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-03-01 N1 - Number of references - 83 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-04 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2013.01.009 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Persistence of uranium ground water plumes; contrasting mechanisms at two DOE sites in the ground water-river interaction zone AN - 1769965445; 2016-017251 AB - We examine subsurface uranium (U) plumes at two U.S. Department of Energy sites that are located near large river systems and are influenced by groundwater-river hydrologic interaction. Following surface excavation of contaminated materials, both sites were projected to naturally flush remnant uranium contamination to levels below regulatory limits (e.g., 30mu g/L or 0.126mu mol/L; U.S. EPA drinking water standard), with 10 years projected for the Hanford 300 Area (Columbia River) and 12 years for the Rifle site (Colorado River). The rate of observed uranium decrease was much lower than expected at both sites. While uncertainty remains, a comparison of current understanding suggests that the two sites have common, but also different mechanisms controlling plume persistence. At the Hanford 300 A, the persistent source is adsorbed U(VI) in the vadose zone that is released to the aquifer during spring water table excursions. The release of U(VI) from the vadose zone and its transport within the oxic, coarse-textured aquifer sediments is dominated by kinetically-limited surface complexation. Modeling implies that annual plume discharge volumes to the Columbia River are small (16 000 processing cores with a portable, robust, fault-resilient design that introduces little to no overhead with respect to serial BLAST. JF - Bioinformatics AU - Oehmen, Christopher S AU - Baxter, Douglas J AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA Y1 - 2013/03/15/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Mar 15 SP - 797 EP - 798 PB - Oxford University Press, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP United Kingdom VL - 29 IS - 6 SN - 1367-4803, 1367-4803 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Computer programs KW - software KW - Data processing KW - Eye KW - Bioinformatics KW - Computer applications KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1323807515?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=ScalaBLAST+2.0%3A+rapid+and+robust+BLAST+calculations+on+multiprocessor+systems&rft.au=Oehmen%2C+Christopher+S%3BBaxter%2C+Douglas+J&rft.aulast=Oehmen&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2013-03-15&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=797&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioinformatics&rft.issn=13674803&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Fbioinformatics%2Fbtt013 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Computer programs; software; Data processing; Eye; Bioinformatics; Computer applications DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btt013 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory molecular analysis capabilities for fungal biology T2 - 27th Fungal Genetics Conference at Asilomar AN - 1420114274; 6230426 JF - 27th Fungal Genetics Conference at Asilomar AU - Baker, S Y1 - 2013/03/12/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Mar 12 KW - Genetics KW - Fungi UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1420114274?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=27th+Fungal+Genetics+Conference+at+Asilomar&rft.atitle=The+Environmental+Molecular+Sciences+Laboratory+molecular+analysis+capabilities+for+fungal+biology&rft.au=Baker%2C+S&rft.aulast=Baker&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2013-03-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=27th+Fungal+Genetics+Conference+at+Asilomar&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.fgsc.net/27thFGC/FungalProgramBook2013.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-07-31 N1 - Last updated - 2013-08-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - US-EU Nanotechnology Databases and Ontology Community of Research T2 - 52nd Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology (SOT 2013) AN - 1369227111; 6212465 JF - 52nd Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology (SOT 2013) AU - Baker, N AU - Rauscher, H Y1 - 2013/03/10/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Mar 10 KW - Databases KW - nanotechnology KW - Nanotechnology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1369227111?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=52nd+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology+%28SOT+2013%29&rft.atitle=US-EU+Nanotechnology+Databases+and+Ontology+Community+of+Research&rft.au=Baker%2C+N%3BRauscher%2C+H&rft.aulast=Baker&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2013-03-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=52nd+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology+%28SOT+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.toxicology.org/AI/PUB/Prog/2013Program.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-05-31 N1 - Last updated - 2013-06-19 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic/ Pharmacodynamic Modeling of Developmental Toxicity. T2 - 52nd Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology (SOT 2013) AN - 1369227086; 6212756 JF - 52nd Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology (SOT 2013) AU - Timchalk, C Y1 - 2013/03/10/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Mar 10 KW - Pharmacology KW - Toxicity KW - Pharmacodynamics KW - Pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1369227086?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=52nd+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology+%28SOT+2013%29&rft.atitle=Physiologically-Based+Pharmacokinetic%2F+Pharmacodynamic+Modeling+of+Developmental+Toxicity.&rft.au=Timchalk%2C+C&rft.aulast=Timchalk&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2013-03-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=52nd+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology+%28SOT+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.toxicology.org/AI/PUB/Prog/2013Program.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-05-31 N1 - Last updated - 2013-06-19 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Incorporating Reanalysis-Based Short-Term Forecasts from a Regional Climate Model in an Irrigation Scheduling Optimization Problem AN - 1855081954; PQ0003945653 AB - A coupled simulation-optimization with reanalysis-based short-term weather forecasts from a regional climate model (RCM) is proposed to optimize an irrigation scheduling problem. Using different physical configurations of the Climate extension of the Weather Research and Forecasting model (CWRF) that is driven by the National Center for Atmospheric Research - Department of Energy Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project (NCEP-DOE AMIP II) reanalysis data, five ensemble outlooks of 15 consecutive daily forecasts have been generated during five different crop growing seasons. Six daily climatic variables are forecasted, namely: rainfall, minimum temperature, maximum temperature, humidity, wind speed, and solar radiation. To correct the forecasts for any inherent bias, the Quantile Mapping method is applied to all six daily climatic variables. After bias-correction, a skill assessment of the reanalysis-based RCM forecasts indicate that only the first three climatic variables are predicted with reliable accuracy; thus, average climatic means are used to replace the remaining three variables (humidity, wind speed, and solar radiation). The framework is applied to the Havana Lowlands region, Illinois, as a case study, and the value of forecasts is assessed against two baseline scenarios: no-rain forecast (a pessimistic case) and average climatology (a normal case). Using reanalysis-based RCM forecasts to guide farmers' irrigation decisions could yield about 1-3% in expected profit gain and 4-6% in water reduction when compared to the no-rain forecast scenario, and 1-6% in expected profit gain when compared to the average climatology scenario. This study is a first preliminary attempt to use an ensemble of weather simulations in the optimization of irrigation scheduling, and the developed framework can be used to incorporate operational forecasting once the reanalysis boundary is replaced by global weather forecasts. JF - Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management AU - Hejazi, Mohamad I AU - Cai, Ximing AU - Yuan, Xing AU - Liang, Xin-Zhong AU - Kumar, Praveen AD - Postdoctoral Fellow, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801; now, Scientist, Joint Global Change Research Institute, Univ. of Maryland, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, College Park, MD 20740. Y1 - 2013/03/01/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Mar 01 PB - American Society of Civil Engineers, 1801 Alexander Bell Drive Reston VA 20191-4400 United States SN - 0733-9496, 0733-9496 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Environment Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Crops KW - Wind speed KW - Profits KW - Regional climate models KW - Climatology KW - Weather forecasting KW - Wind KW - Modelling KW - Solar Radiation KW - Weather KW - Growing season KW - USA, Illinois KW - Irrigation KW - Humidity KW - Numerical simulations KW - Irrigation Scheduling KW - Optimization KW - Prediction KW - Climate change KW - Solar radiation KW - Data reanalysis KW - Atmospheric models KW - Case studies KW - Maximum temperatures KW - Mapping KW - Climates KW - Climate KW - Temperature KW - Simulation KW - Velocity KW - Minimum temperatures KW - Future climates KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q2 09144:Regional studies, expeditions and data reports KW - M2 556.18:Water Management (556.18) KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1855081954?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Water+Resources+Planning+and+Management&rft.atitle=Incorporating+Reanalysis-Based+Short-Term+Forecasts+from+a+Regional+Climate+Model+in+an+Irrigation+Scheduling+Optimization+Problem&rft.au=Hejazi%2C+Mohamad+I%3BCai%2C+Ximing%3BYuan%2C+Xing%3BLiang%2C+Xin-Zhong%3BKumar%2C+Praveen&rft.aulast=Hejazi&rft.aufirst=Mohamad&rft.date=2013-03-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Water+Resources+Planning+and+Management&rft.issn=07339496&rft_id=info:doi/10.1061%2F%28ASCE%29WR.1943-5452.0000365 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Wind speed; Prediction; Irrigation; Climate; Humidity; Climatology; Solar radiation; Weather forecasting; Modelling; Growing season; Minimum temperatures; Data reanalysis; Atmospheric models; Maximum temperatures; Numerical simulations; Regional climate models; Future climates; Weather; Climate change; Temperature; Velocity; Simulation; Crops; Case studies; Profits; Mapping; Solar Radiation; Climates; Irrigation Scheduling; Optimization; Wind; USA, Illinois DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.0000365 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An iron complex with pendent amines as a molecular electrocatalyst for oxidation of hydrogen AN - 1765959005; PQ0002594555 AB - The increasing energy needs of society have led to a search for technologies that can tap carbon-neutral and sustainable energy sources, such as solar and wind. Using properly designed catalysts, such sources can also be used to create fuels such as hydrogen; however, a significant barrier to the use of hydrogen as an energy carrier is the need for an inexpensive and efficient catalyst for its oxidation. The oxidation of hydrogen is the process by which electricity is produced in low-temperature fuel cells, and the best catalyst for this is platinum-a precious metal of low abundance. Here we report a molecular complex of iron (an abundant and inexpensive metal) as a rationally designed electrocatalyst for the oxidation of H2 at room temperature, with turnover frequencies of 0.66-2.0 s-1 and low overpotentials of 160-220 mV. This iron complex, CpC6F5Fe(PtBu2NBn2)(H), has pendent amines in the diphosphine ligand that function as proton relays. JF - Nature Chemistry AU - Liu, Tianbiao AU - DuBois, Daniel L AU - Bullock, RMorris AD - Chemical and Materials Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, K2-57, Richland, Washington 99352, USA Y1 - 2013/03// PY - 2013 DA - March 2013 SP - 228 EP - 233 PB - Nature Publishing Group, The Macmillan Building London N1 9XW United Kingdom VL - 5 IS - 3 SN - 1755-4330, 1755-4330 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Fuel technology KW - Metals KW - Fuels KW - Abundance KW - Temperature KW - Hydrogen KW - Amines KW - Energy sources KW - Energy KW - Oxidation KW - Catalysts KW - Iron KW - Technology KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1765959005?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Chemistry&rft.atitle=An+iron+complex+with+pendent+amines+as+a+molecular+electrocatalyst+for+oxidation+of+hydrogen&rft.au=Liu%2C+Tianbiao%3BDuBois%2C+Daniel+L%3BBullock%2C+RMorris&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Tianbiao&rft.date=2013-03-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=228&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+Chemistry&rft.issn=17554330&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnchem.1571 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Metals; Fuel technology; Fuels; Abundance; Temperature; Hydrogen; Amines; Energy sources; Energy; Oxidation; Catalysts; Iron; Technology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nchem.1571 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Micromodel investigations of CO (sub 2) exsolution from carbonated water in sedimentary rocks AN - 1739085256; 2015-116193 AB - In this study, carbon dioxide exsolution from carbonated water is directly observed under reservoir conditions (9MPa and 45 degrees C). Fluorescence microscopy and image analysis are used to quantitatively characterize bubble formation, morphology, and mobility. Observations indicate the strong influence of interfacial tension and pore-geometry on bubble growth and evolution. Most of the gas exhibits little mobility during the course of depressurization and clogs water flow paths. However, a snap-off mechanism mobilizes a small portion of the trapped gas along the water flow paths. This feature contributes to the transport of the dispersed exsolved gas phase and the formation of intermittent gas flow. A new definition of critical gas saturation is proposed accordingly as the minimum saturation that snap-off starts to produce mobile bubbles. Low mobility of the water phase and CO (sub 2) phase in exsolution is explained by formation of dispersed CO (sub 2) bubbles which block water flow and lack the connectivity to create a mobile gas phase. Abstract Copyright (2013) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Advances in Water Resources AU - Zuo, Lin AU - Zhang, Changyong AU - Falta, Ronald W AU - Benson, Sally M Y1 - 2013/03// PY - 2013 DA - March 2013 SP - 188 EP - 197 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 53 SN - 0309-1708, 0309-1708 KW - experimental studies KW - carbon sequestration KW - numerical models KW - engineering properties KW - bubbles KW - gas storage KW - solution KW - porosity KW - carbon dioxide KW - models KW - sedimentary rocks KW - nucleation KW - chemical reactions KW - saturation KW - fluorescence KW - exsolution KW - mobility KW - permeability KW - image analysis KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1739085256?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.atitle=Micromodel+investigations+of+CO+%28sub+2%29+exsolution+from+carbonated+water+in+sedimentary+rocks&rft.au=Zuo%2C+Lin%3BZhang%2C+Changyong%3BFalta%2C+Ronald+W%3BBenson%2C+Sally+M&rft.aulast=Zuo&rft.aufirst=Lin&rft.date=2013-03-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=&rft.spage=188&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.issn=03091708&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.advwatres.2012.11.004 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03091708 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bubbles; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; chemical reactions; engineering properties; experimental studies; exsolution; fluorescence; gas storage; image analysis; mobility; models; nucleation; numerical models; permeability; porosity; saturation; sedimentary rocks; solution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2012.11.004 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Elucidating geochemical response of shallow heterogeneous aquifers to CO (sub 2) leakage using high-performance computing; implications for monitoring of CO (sub 2) sequestration AN - 1739085118; 2015-116188 AB - Predicting and quantifying impacts of potential carbon dioxide (CO (sub 2) ) leakage into shallow aquifers that overlie geologic CO (sub 2) storage formations is an important part of developing reliable carbon storage techniques. Leakage of CO (sub 2) through fractures, faults or faulty wellbores can reduce groundwater pH, inducing geochemical reactions that release solutes into the groundwater and pose a risk of degrading groundwater quality. In order to help quantify this risk, predictions of metal concentrations are needed during geologic storage of CO (sub 2) . Here, we present regional-scale reactive transport simulations, at relatively fine-scale, of CO (sub 2) leakage into shallow aquifers run on the PFLOTRAN platform using high-performance computing. Multiple realizations of heterogeneous permeability distributions were generated using standard geostatistical methods. Increased statistical anisotropy of the permeability field resulted in more lateral and vertical spreading of the plume of impacted water, leading to increased Pb (super 2+) (lead) concentrations and lower pH at a well down gradient of the CO (sub 2) leak. Pb (super 2+) concentrations were higher in simulations where calcite was the source of Pb (super 2+) compared to galena. The low solubility of galena effectively buffered the Pb (super 2+) concentrations as galena reached saturation under reducing conditions along the flow path. In all cases, Pb (super 2+) concentrations remained below the maximum contaminant level set by the EPA. Results from this study, compared to natural variability observed in aquifers, suggest that bicarbonate (HCO (sub 3) (super -) ) concentrations may be a better geochemical indicator of a CO (sub 2) leak under the conditions simulated here. Abstract Copyright (2013) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Advances in Water Resources AU - Navarre-Sitchler, Alexis K AU - Maxwell, Reed M AU - Siirila, Erica R AU - Hammond, Glenn E AU - Lichtner, Peter C Y1 - 2013/03// PY - 2013 DA - March 2013 SP - 45 EP - 55 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 53 SN - 0309-1708, 0309-1708 KW - water quality KW - lead KW - gas storage KW - simulation KW - drinking water KW - seepage KW - environmental effects KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - transport KW - tracers KW - reactive transport KW - pH KW - monitoring KW - carbon sequestration KW - numerical models KW - prediction KW - bicarbonate ion KW - calcite KW - aquifers KW - galena KW - metals KW - shallow aquifers KW - sulfides KW - carbonates KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1739085118?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.atitle=Elucidating+geochemical+response+of+shallow+heterogeneous+aquifers+to+CO+%28sub+2%29+leakage+using+high-performance+computing%3B+implications+for+monitoring+of+CO+%28sub+2%29+sequestration&rft.au=Navarre-Sitchler%2C+Alexis+K%3BMaxwell%2C+Reed+M%3BSiirila%2C+Erica+R%3BHammond%2C+Glenn+E%3BLichtner%2C+Peter+C&rft.aulast=Navarre-Sitchler&rft.aufirst=Alexis&rft.date=2013-03-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=&rft.spage=45&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.issn=03091708&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.advwatres.2012.10.005 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03091708 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 55 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; bicarbonate ion; calcite; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; carbonates; drinking water; environmental effects; galena; gas storage; ground water; lead; metals; monitoring; numerical models; pH; prediction; reactive transport; seepage; shallow aquifers; simulation; sulfides; tracers; transport; water quality DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2012.10.005 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sensitivity of climate mitigation strategies to natural disturbances AN - 1705081647; PQ0001831514 AB - The present and future concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide depends on both anthropogenic and natural sources and sinks of carbon. Most proposed climate mitigation strategies rely on a progressive transition to carbon-efficient technologies to reduce industrial emissions, substantially supported by policies to maintain or enhance the terrestrial carbon stock in forests and other ecosystems. This strategy may be challenged if terrestrial sequestration capacity is affected by future climate feedbacks, but how and to what extent is little understood. Here, we show that climate mitigation strategies are highly sensitive to future natural disturbance rates (e.g. fires, hurricanes, droughts), because of the potential effect of disturbances on the terrestrial carbon balance. Generally, altered disturbance rates affect the pace of societal and technological transitions required to achieve the mitigation target, with substantial consequences on the energy sector and the global economy. An understanding of the future dynamics and consequences of natural disturbances on terrestrial carbon balance is thus essential for developing robust climate mitigation strategies and policies. JF - Environmental Research Letters AU - Le Page, Y AU - Hurtt, G AU - Thomson, A M AU - Bond-Lamberty, B AU - Patel, P AU - Wise, M AU - Calvin, K AU - Kyle, P AU - Clarke, L AU - Edmonds, J AU - Janetos, A AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Joint Global Change Research Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20740, USA, Yannick.LePage@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2013/03// PY - 2013 DA - March 2013 SP - 1 EP - 6 PB - IOP Publishing, The Public Ledger Building, Suite 929 Philadelphia PA 19106 United States VL - 8 IS - 1 SN - 1748-9326, 1748-9326 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - natural disturbances KW - climate change KW - integrated assessment KW - climate mitigation KW - climate policies KW - Sensitivity KW - Fires KW - Ecosystems KW - Terrestrial environments KW - Climate change KW - Public policy and climate KW - Anthropogenic factors KW - Forests KW - Environmental research KW - Drought KW - Air pollution KW - Hurricanes KW - Energy KW - Economics KW - Disturbance KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Droughts KW - Industrial emissions KW - Technology KW - Future climates KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1705081647?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Sensitivity+of+climate+mitigation+strategies+to+natural+disturbances&rft.au=Le+Page%2C+Y%3BHurtt%2C+G%3BThomson%2C+A+M%3BBond-Lamberty%2C+B%3BPatel%2C+P%3BWise%2C+M%3BCalvin%2C+K%3BKyle%2C+P%3BClarke%2C+L%3BEdmonds%2C+J%3BJanetos%2C+A&rft.aulast=Le+Page&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2013-03-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.issn=17489326&rft_id=info:doi/10.1088%2F1748-9326%2F8%2F1%2F015018 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fires; Hurricanes; Ecosystems; Public policy and climate; Environmental research; Drought; Carbon dioxide; Future climates; Sensitivity; Terrestrial environments; Climate change; Anthropogenic factors; Forests; Air pollution; Energy; Economics; Disturbance; Droughts; Industrial emissions; Technology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/8/1/015018 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cross-combined composite sampling designs for identification of elevated regions AN - 1671416061; 17786267 AB - Analyzing soils for contaminants can be costly. Generally, discrete samples are gathered from within a study area, analyzed by a laboratory and the results are used in a site-specific statistical analysis. Because of the heterogeneities that exist in soil samples within study areas, a large amount of variability and skewness may be present in the sample population. This necessitates collecting a large number of samples to obtain reliable inference on the mean contaminant concentration and to understand the spatial patterns for future remediation. Composite, or Incremental, sampling is a commonly applied method for gathering multiple discrete samples and physically combining them, such that each combination of discrete samples requires a single laboratory analysis, which reduces cost and can improve the estimates of the mean concentration. While incremental sampling can reduce cost and improve mean estimates, current implementations do not readily facilitate the characterization of spatial patterns or the detection of elevated constituent regions within study areas. The methods we present in this work provide efficient estimation and inference for the mean contaminant concentration over the entire spatial area and enable the identification of high contaminant regions within the area of interest. We develop sample design methodologies that explicitly define the characteristics of these designs (such as sample grid layout) and quantify the number of incremental samples that must be obtained under a design criteria to control false positive and false negative (Type I and II) decision errors. We present the sample design theory and specifications as well as results on simulated and real data. JF - Environmental and Ecological Statistics AU - Hathaway, John AU - Walsh, Stephen AU - Sego, Landon AU - Pulsipher, Brent AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA john.hathaway@pnl.gov Y1 - 2013/03// PY - 2013 DA - March 2013 SP - 69 EP - 90 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 20 IS - 1 SN - 1352-8505, 1352-8505 KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Inference KW - Design engineering KW - Cost analysis KW - Statistical analysis KW - Sampling KW - Statistical methods KW - Samples KW - Contaminants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1671416061?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+and+Ecological+Statistics&rft.atitle=Cross-combined+composite+sampling+designs+for+identification+of+elevated+regions&rft.au=Hathaway%2C+John%3BWalsh%2C+Stephen%3BSego%2C+Landon%3BPulsipher%2C+Brent&rft.aulast=Hathaway&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2013-03-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=69&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+and+Ecological+Statistics&rft.issn=13528505&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10651-012-0208-1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-05-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-04 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10651-012-0208-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sequential projection pursuit principal component analysis - dealing with missing data associated with new -omics technologies AN - 1660389772; PQ0001000597 AB - Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a common exploratory tool used to evaluate large complex data sets. The resulting lower-dimensional representations are often valuable for pattern visualization, clustering, or classification of the data. However, PCA cannot be applied directly to many -omics data sets generated by newer technologies such as label-free mass spectrometry due to large numbers of non-random missing values. Here we present a sequential projection pursuit PCA (sppPCA) method for defining principal components in the presence of missing data. Our results demonstrate that this approach generates robust and informative low-dimensional data representations compared to commonly used imputation approaches. JF - BioTechniques AU - Webb-Robertson, Bobbie-Jo M AU - Matzke, Melissa M AU - Metz, Thomas O AU - McDermott, Jason E AU - Walker, Hyunjoo AU - Rodland, Karin D AU - Pounds, Joel G AU - Waters, Katrina M AD - Computational Biology & Bioinformatics, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA Y1 - 2013/03// PY - 2013 DA - March 2013 SP - 165 EP - 168 PB - Eaton Publishing Co., One Research Drive, Suite 400A Westboro MA 01581 United States VL - 54 IS - 3 SN - 0736-6205, 0736-6205 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Data processing KW - Classification KW - Principal components analysis KW - Mass spectroscopy KW - W 30910:Imaging UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1660389772?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BioTechniques&rft.atitle=Sequential+projection+pursuit+principal+component+analysis+-+dealing+with+missing+data+associated+with+new+-omics+technologies&rft.au=Webb-Robertson%2C+Bobbie-Jo+M%3BMatzke%2C+Melissa+M%3BMetz%2C+Thomas+O%3BMcDermott%2C+Jason+E%3BWalker%2C+Hyunjoo%3BRodland%2C+Karin+D%3BPounds%2C+Joel+G%3BWaters%2C+Katrina+M&rft.aulast=Webb-Robertson&rft.aufirst=Bobbie-Jo&rft.date=2013-03-01&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=165&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BioTechniques&rft.issn=07366205&rft_id=info:doi/10.2144%2F000113978 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Data processing; Classification; Principal components analysis; Mass spectroscopy DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2144/000113978 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Upper Albian rudist buildups of the Edwards Formation, central Texas AN - 1477832700; 2014-003680 AB - Rudist-associated shallow-water carbonates form important hydrocarbon reservoirs in the Middle East, Mexico, and the United States, and outcrops of such carbonates are common in central Texas, USA. The current study integrates outcrop observations with GPR surveys, laboratory dielectric measurements, and petrography to understand lateral and vertical facies relations of rudist-bearing lithofacies in the Cretaceous Edwards Formation (Fredericksburg Group) that are partially exposed in spillways and gullies near Lakes Georgetown and Belton in Texas. They provide insights into the subsurface distribution and heterogeneity of hydrocarbon bearing carbonate systems globally. The exposures demonstrate a wide spectrum of rudist buildups, which vary not just in faunal content, carbonate fabric, and porosity-permeability characteristics, but also in their depositional styles, that show both biohermal and biostromal character. GPR data revealed four types of mounds that have distinct three-dimensional geometries, and lithofacies, that record both seaward to leeward changes and vertical changes from below wavebase to within wavebase. The lowermost mounds are high relief circular caprinid mounds that mark the aggradational part of the Edwards lithostratigraphic unit at our study locality. Mound morphologies identifiable on GPR profiles included structures that are much smaller in dimension than the caprinid mounds outcropping along the eastern side of the Lake Georgetown spillway. Each subsurface caprinid mound of 15-20 m basal diameter appeared to be constructed of amalgamated mound-shaped sub-units that are relatively geoelectrically similar, and individually 1-2 m thick with basal diameters of 8-10 meters. Well cemented, low relief toucasid-foraminiferal mounds and grainstones cap these caprinid-dominated buildups. Weakly cemented, circular, flat-topped radiolitid-caprinid-toucasid mounds developed above the toucasid mounds and low relief, often sucrosic-dolomitized mounds constitute the most shallow water rudist accumulations. GPR provides an unparalleled view of the three-dimensional growth, vertical accretion, and progradation of these mounds through time, and the geoelectrical signatures provide insight on porosity and permeability of the lithofacies in outcrop. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Banerji, Damayanti AU - Sullivan, E Charlotte AU - Khan, Shuhab AU - Heggy, Essam AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013/03// PY - 2013 DA - March 2013 SP - 7 EP - 8 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 45 IS - 3 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - petroleum exploration KW - Albian KW - Cretaceous KW - ground-penetrating radar KW - stratigraphic traps KW - Heterodonta KW - petroleum KW - Comanchean KW - central Texas KW - reservoir rocks KW - sedimentary rocks KW - Lake Georgetown KW - Invertebrata KW - Mollusca KW - depositional environment KW - sedimentary structures KW - Lower Cretaceous KW - biogenic structures KW - sedimentation KW - grainstone KW - geophysical methods KW - radar methods KW - Texas KW - upper Albian KW - basin analysis KW - Mesozoic KW - Edwards Formation KW - Bivalvia KW - paleoenvironment KW - Williamson County Texas KW - Rudistae KW - traps KW - carbonate rocks KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1477832700?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Upper+Albian+rudist+buildups+of+the+Edwards+Formation%2C+central+Texas&rft.au=Banerji%2C+Damayanti%3BSullivan%2C+E+Charlotte%3BKhan%2C+Shuhab%3BHeggy%2C+Essam%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Banerji&rft.aufirst=Damayanti&rft.date=2013-03-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=7&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, South-Central Section, 47th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-16 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Albian; basin analysis; biogenic structures; Bivalvia; carbonate rocks; central Texas; Comanchean; Cretaceous; depositional environment; Edwards Formation; geophysical methods; grainstone; ground-penetrating radar; Heterodonta; Invertebrata; Lake Georgetown; Lower Cretaceous; Mesozoic; Mollusca; paleoenvironment; petroleum; petroleum exploration; radar methods; reservoir rocks; Rudistae; sedimentary rocks; sedimentary structures; sedimentation; stratigraphic traps; Texas; traps; United States; upper Albian; Williamson County Texas ER - TY - JOUR T1 - STEPS : A grid search methodology for optimized peptide identification filtering of MS / MS database search results AN - 1434014751; 18497806 AB - For bottom-up proteomics, there are wide variety of database-searching algorithms in use for matching peptide sequences to tandem MS spectra. Likewise, there are numerous strategies being employed to produce a confident list of peptide identifications from the different search algorithm outputs. Here we introduce a grid-search approach for determining optimal database filtering criteria in shotgun proteomics data analyses that is easily adaptable to any search. Systematic Trial and Error Parameter Selection--referred to as STEPS --utilizes user-defined parameter ranges to test a wide array of parameter combinations to arrive at an optimal "parameter set" for data filtering, thus maximizing confident identifications. The benefits of this approach in terms of numbers of true-positive identifications are demonstrated using datasets derived from immunoaffinity-depleted blood serum and a bacterial cell lysate, two common proteomics sample types. JF - Proteomics AU - Piehowski, Paul D AU - Petyuk, Vladislav A AU - Sandoval, John D AU - Burnum, Kristin E AU - Kiebel, Gary R AU - Monroe, Matthew E AU - Anderson, Gordon A AU - Camp, David G AU - Smith, Richard D AD - Biological Sciences Division and Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, USA. Y1 - 2013/03// PY - 2013 DA - Mar 2013 SP - 766 EP - 770 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 13 IS - 5 SN - 1615-9853, 1615-9853 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Databases KW - Blood KW - Data processing KW - Algorithms KW - proteomics KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1434014751?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proteomics&rft.atitle=STEPS+%3A+A+grid+search+methodology+for+optimized+peptide+identification+filtering+of+MS+%2F+MS+database+search+results&rft.au=Piehowski%2C+Paul+D%3BPetyuk%2C+Vladislav+A%3BSandoval%2C+John+D%3BBurnum%2C+Kristin+E%3BKiebel%2C+Gary+R%3BMonroe%2C+Matthew+E%3BAnderson%2C+Gordon+A%3BCamp%2C+David+G%3BSmith%2C+Richard+D&rft.aulast=Piehowski&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=2013-03-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=766&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proteomics&rft.issn=16159853&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fpmic.201200096 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Blood; Databases; Data processing; Algorithms; proteomics DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pmic.201200096 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization and biodegradation of water-soluble biomarkers and organic carbon extracted from low temperature chars AN - 1429836998; 2013-068967 AB - This study demonstrates that wildfires/biomass combustion may be an important source of labile pyrogenic water-soluble organic matter (Py-WSOM) in aquatic systems. Spectroscopic analysis (solid char and Py-WSOM) with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) indicated that the Py-WSOM extracted from two low temperature chars (one wood, one grass) was dominated by polar moieties (-OH and C-O) derived from depolymerization and fragmentation of lignocellulose. Incubation experiments under aerobic conditions with unsterilized river water suggested that Py-WSOM and associated biomarkers may have a turnover rate of the order of weeks to months, consistent with mixing and transport conditions of riverine systems. For example, pyrogenic dissolved organic carbon (Py-DOC) had a half-life of 30-40 days. Turnover rate for the combustion biomarkers was shorter, with levoglucosan and free lignin phenols having a half life around 3-4 days and polymeric lignin components 13-14 days. The latter observations contradict earlier studies of the biodegradation of dissolved lignin and point to the need for re-assessment of lignin degradation kinetics in well-mixed riverine systems, particularly when such lignin components are derived from thermally altered plant material that may exist in a form more labile than that in highly processed riverine DOM. Abstract Copyright (2013) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Organic Geochemistry AU - Norwood, Matt J AU - Louchouarn, Patrick AU - Kuo, Li-Jung AU - Harvey, Omar R Y1 - 2013/03// PY - 2013 DA - March 2013 SP - 111 EP - 119 PB - Elsevier VL - 56 SN - 0146-6380, 0146-6380 KW - depolymerization KW - charcoal KW - biodegradation KW - lignin KW - solubility KW - rivers KW - combustion KW - biomarkers KW - temperature KW - infrared spectra KW - FTIR spectra KW - organic compounds KW - carbon KW - low temperature KW - fluvial features KW - spectra KW - organic carbon KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - aquatic environment KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1429836998?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Organic+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Characterization+and+biodegradation+of+water-soluble+biomarkers+and+organic+carbon+extracted+from+low+temperature+chars&rft.au=Norwood%2C+Matt+J%3BLouchouarn%2C+Patrick%3BKuo%2C+Li-Jung%3BHarvey%2C+Omar+R&rft.aulast=Norwood&rft.aufirst=Matt&rft.date=2013-03-01&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=&rft.spage=111&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Organic+Geochemistry&rft.issn=01466380&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.orggeochem.2012.12.008 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01466380 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 69 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Supplemental information/data is available in the online version of this article N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquatic environment; biodegradation; biomarkers; carbon; charcoal; combustion; depolymerization; fluvial features; FTIR spectra; geochemistry; infrared spectra; kinetics; lignin; low temperature; organic carbon; organic compounds; rivers; solubility; spectra; temperature DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2012.12.008 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Imaging high stage river-water intrusion into a contaminated aquifer along a major river corridor using 2-D time-lapse surface electrical resistivity tomography AN - 1400619828; 2013-057373 AB - The Hanford 300 Area is located adjacent to the Columbia River in south-central Washington State, USA, and was a former site for nuclear fuel processing operations. Waste disposal practices resulted in persistent unsaturated zone and groundwater contamination, the primary contaminant of concern being uranium. Uranium behavior at the site is intimately linked with river stage driven groundwater-river water exchange such that understanding the nature of river water intrusion into the 300 Area is critical for predicting uranium desorption and transport. In this paper, we use 2-D surface-based time-lapse electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) to image the inland intrusion of river water during high stage conditions. We inverted approximately 1200 data sets (400 per line over three lines) using high performance computing resources to produce a time-lapse sequence of changes in bulk conductivity caused by river water intrusion during the 2011 spring runoff cycle over approximately 125 days. To invert the data, we use an image differencing approach that does not require regularization in the time dimension, enabling the inversion to accommodate the sharp, time varying contrasts in conductivity imposed by the moving water table. The resulting time series for each mesh element was then analyzed using common time series analysis to reveal the timing and location of river water intrusion beneath each line. The results reveal nonuniform flows characterized by preferred flow zones where river water enters and exits quickly with stage increase and decrease, and low permeability zones with broader bulk conductivity "break through" curves and longer river water residence times. Abstract Copyright (2013), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Wallin, E L AU - Johnson, T C AU - Greenwood, W J AU - Zachara, J M Y1 - 2013/03// PY - 2013 DA - March 2013 SP - 1693 EP - 1708 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 49 IS - 3 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - United States KW - imagery KW - isotopes KW - ground water KW - radioactive isotopes KW - time-lapse methods KW - water pollution KW - Washington KW - time series analysis KW - Columbia River KW - statistical analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - rivers KW - resistivity KW - two-dimensional models KW - aquifers KW - metals KW - fluvial features KW - uranium KW - actinides KW - permeability KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1400619828?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Imaging+high+stage+river-water+intrusion+into+a+contaminated+aquifer+along+a+major+river+corridor+using+2-D+time-lapse+surface+electrical+resistivity+tomography&rft.au=Wallin%2C+E+L%3BJohnson%2C+T+C%3BGreenwood%2C+W+J%3BZachara%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Wallin&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2013-03-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1693&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fwrcr.20119 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 50 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-18 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; aquifers; Columbia River; electrical methods; fluvial features; geophysical methods; ground water; Hanford Site; imagery; isotopes; metals; permeability; pollution; radioactive isotopes; resistivity; rivers; statistical analysis; time series analysis; time-lapse methods; two-dimensional models; United States; uranium; Washington; water pollution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20119 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - New sub-family of lysozyme-like proteins shows no catalytic activity: crystallographic and biochemical study of STM3605 protein from Salmonella Typhimurium AN - 1352289386; 17969634 AB - Phage viruses that infect prokaryotes integrate their genome into the host chromosome; thus, microbial genomes typically contain genetic remnants of both recent and ancient phage infections. Often phage genes occur in clusters of atypical G+C content that reflect integration of the foreign DNA. However, some phage genes occur in isolation without other phage gene neighbors, probably resulting from horizontal gene transfer. In these cases, the phage gene product is unlikely to function as a component of a mature phage particle, and instead may have been co-opted by the host for its own benefit. The product of one such gene from Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, STM3605, encodes a protein with modest sequence similarity to phage-like lysozyme (N-acetylmuramidase) but appears to lack essential catalytic residues that are strictly conserved in all lysozymes. Close homologs in other bacteria share this characteristic. The structure of the STM3605 protein was characterized by X-ray crystallography, and functional assays showed that it is a stable, folded protein whose structure closely resembles lysozyme. However, this protein is unlikely to hydrolyze peptidoglycan. Instead, STM3605 is presumed to have evolved an alternative function because it shows some lytic activity and partitions to micelles. JF - Journal of Structural and Functional Genomics AU - Michalska, Karolina AU - Brown, Roslyn N AU - Li, Hui AU - Jedrzejczak, Robert AU - Niemann, George S AU - Heffron, Fred AU - Cort, John R AU - Adkins, Joshua N AU - Babnigg, Gyorgy AU - Joachimiak, Andrzej AD - The Midwest Center for Structural Genomics, Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA, Joshua.Adkins@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2013/03// PY - 2013 DA - Mar 2013 SP - 1 EP - 10 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 14 IS - 1 SN - 1345-711X, 1345-711X KW - Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - Chromosomes KW - Phages KW - Salmonella enterica KW - W 30905:Medical Applications KW - J 02430:Symbiosis, Antibiosis & Phages KW - V 22310:Genetics, Taxonomy & Structure KW - G 07760:Viruses & Phages UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1352289386?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Structural+and+Functional+Genomics&rft.atitle=New+sub-family+of+lysozyme-like+proteins+shows+no+catalytic+activity%3A+crystallographic+and+biochemical+study+of+STM3605+protein+from+Salmonella+Typhimurium&rft.au=Michalska%2C+Karolina%3BBrown%2C+Roslyn+N%3BLi%2C+Hui%3BJedrzejczak%2C+Robert%3BNiemann%2C+George+S%3BHeffron%2C+Fred%3BCort%2C+John+R%3BAdkins%2C+Joshua+N%3BBabnigg%2C+Gyorgy%3BJoachimiak%2C+Andrzej&rft.aulast=Michalska&rft.aufirst=Karolina&rft.date=2013-03-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Structural+and+Functional+Genomics&rft.issn=1345711X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10969-013-9151-0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-05-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-11 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Phages; Salmonella enterica DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10969-013-9151-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Diet-induced obesity reprograms the inflammatory response of the murine lung to inhaled endotoxin AN - 1291616471; 17679120 AB - The co-occurrence of environmental factors is common in complex human diseases and, as such, understanding the molecular responses involved is essential to determine risk and susceptibility to disease. We have investigated the key biological pathways that define susceptibility for pulmonary infection during obesity in diet-induced obese (DIO) and regular weight (RW) C57BL/6 mice exposed to inhaled lipopolysaccharide (LPS). LPS induced a strong inflammatory response in all mice as indicated by elevated cell counts of macrophages and neutrophils and levels of proinflammatory cytokines (MDC, MIP-1 gamma , IL-12, RANTES) in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Additionally, DIO mice exhibited 50% greater macrophage cell counts, but decreased levels of the cytokines, IL-6, TARC, TNF- alpha , and VEGF relative to RW mice. Microarray analysis of lung tissue showed over half of the LPS-induced expression in DIO mice consisted of genes unique for obese mice, suggesting that obesity reprograms how the lung responds to subsequent insult. In particular, we found that obese animals exposed to LPS have gene signatures showing increased inflammatory and oxidative stress response and decreased antioxidant capacity compared with RW. Because signaling pathways for these responses can be common to various sources of environmentally induced lung damage, we further identified biomarkers that are indicative of specific toxicant exposure by comparing gene signatures after LPS exposure to those from a parallel study with cigarette smoke. These data show obesity may increase sensitivity to further insult and that co-occurrence of environmental stressors result in complex biosignatures that are not predicted from analysis of individual exposures. JF - Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology AU - Tilton, Susan C AU - Waters, Katrina M AU - Karin, Norman J AU - Webb-Robertson, Bobbie-Jo M AU - Zangar, Richard C AU - Lee, KMonica AU - Bigelow, Diana J AU - Pounds, Joel G AU - Corley, Richard A AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA, susan.tilton@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2013/03/01/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Mar 01 SP - 137 EP - 148 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 267 IS - 2 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Physical Education Index; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Macrophages KW - Endotoxins KW - Interleukin 6 KW - Antioxidants KW - Toxicants KW - Animal subjects KW - Infection KW - Abuse KW - Interleukin 12 KW - Bronchus KW - Oxidative stress KW - Tobacco KW - Lipopolysaccharides KW - Diseases KW - Vascular endothelial growth factor KW - Obesity KW - Data processing KW - Stress KW - biomarkers KW - Alveoli KW - Inflammation KW - Lung KW - Analysis KW - Lungs KW - Tumor necrosis factor- alpha KW - Signal transduction KW - X 24380:Social Poisons & Drug Abuse KW - A 01490:Miscellaneous KW - PE 030:Exercise, Health & Physical Fitness UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1291616471?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=Diet-induced+obesity+reprograms+the+inflammatory+response+of+the+murine+lung+to+inhaled+endotoxin&rft.au=Tilton%2C+Susan+C%3BWaters%2C+Katrina+M%3BKarin%2C+Norman+J%3BWebb-Robertson%2C+Bobbie-Jo+M%3BZangar%2C+Richard+C%3BLee%2C+KMonica%3BBigelow%2C+Diana+J%3BPounds%2C+Joel+G%3BCorley%2C+Richard+A&rft.aulast=Tilton&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=2013-03-01&rft.volume=267&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=137&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.taap.2012.12.020 LA - English DB - Physical Education Index; ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-12-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Obesity; Antioxidants; Analysis; Animal subjects; Tobacco; Stress; Lungs; Diseases; Abuse; Interleukin 6; Endotoxins; Macrophages; Vascular endothelial growth factor; Data processing; Toxicants; Infection; biomarkers; Alveoli; Inflammation; Interleukin 12; Bronchus; Lung; Oxidative stress; Lipopolysaccharides; Tumor necrosis factor- alpha; Signal transduction DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2012.12.020 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enhanced SOA formation from mixed anthropogenic and biogenic emissions during the CARES campaign AN - 1323803648; 17790499 AB - The CARES campaign was conducted during June, 2010 in the vicinity of Sacramento, California to study aerosol formation and aging in a region where anthropogenic and biogenic emissions regularly mix. Here, we describe measurements from an Aerodyne High Resolution Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (AMS), an Ionicon Proton Transfer Reaction Mass Spectrometer (PTR-MS), and trace gas detectors (CO, NO, NO sub(x)) deployed on the G-1 research aircraft to investigate ambient gas- and particle-phase chemical composition. AMS measurements showed that the particle phase is dominated by organic aerosol (OA) (85% on average) with smaller concentrations of sulfate (5%), nitrate (6%) and ammonium (3%) observed. PTR-MS data showed that isoprene dominated the biogenic volatile organic compound concentrations (BVOCs), with monoterpene concentrations generally below the detection limit. Using two different metrics, median OA concentrations and the slope of plots of OA vs. CO concentrations (i.e., Delta OA/ Delta CO), we contrast organic aerosol evolution on flight days with different prevailing meteorological conditions to elucidate the role of anthropogenic and biogenic emissions on OA formation. Airmasses influenced predominantly by biogenic emissions had median OA concentrations of 2.2 mu g m super(-3) and near zero Delta OA/ Delta CO. Those influenced predominantly by anthropogenic emissions had median OA concentrations of 4.7 mu g m super(-3) and Delta OA/ Delta CO ratios of 35-44 mu g m super(-3) ppmv. But, when biogenic and anthropogenic emissions mixed, OA levels were enhanced, with median OA concentrations of 11.4 mu g m super(-3) and Delta OA/ Delta CO ratios of 77-157 mu g m super(-3) ppmv. Taken together, our observations show that production of OA was enhanced when anthropogenic emissions from Sacramento mixed with isoprene-rich air from the foothills. After considering several anthropogenic/biogenic interaction mechanisms, we conclude that NO sub(x) concentrations play a strong role in enhancing SOA formation from isoprene, though the chemical mechanism for the enhancement remains unclear. If these observations are found to be robust in other seasons and in areas outside of Sacramento, regional and global aerosol modules will need to incorporate more complex representations of NO sub(x)-dependent SOA mechanisms and yields into their algorithms. Ultimately, accurately predicting OA mass concentrations and their effect on radiation balance will require a mechanistically-based treatment of the interactions of biogenic and anthropogenic emissions. JF - Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics AU - Shilling, JE AU - Zaveri, R A AU - Fast, J D AU - Kleinman, L AU - Alexander, M L AU - Canagaratna, M R AU - Fortner, E AU - Hubbe, J M AU - Jayne, J T AU - Sedlacek, A AD - Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland, WA 99352, USA Y1 - 2013/02/21/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Feb 21 SP - 2091 EP - 2113 PB - European Geophysical Society, Max-Planck-Str. 13 Katlenburg-Lindau Germany VL - 13 IS - 4 SN - 1680-7316, 1680-7316 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Terpenes KW - Algorithms KW - Anthropogenic factors KW - Aerosol formation KW - Carbon monoxide KW - Radiation KW - Aircraft KW - Seasonal variability KW - Chemical Composition KW - Slopes KW - Meteorological conditions KW - Spectrometers KW - Ammonium compounds KW - Aerosols KW - Nitrates KW - USA, California, Sacramento KW - Organic aerosols in atmosphere KW - Aircraft observations KW - Radiation balance KW - Detection Limits KW - Atmospheric chemistry KW - Global aerosols KW - Organic Compounds KW - Organic compounds KW - Nitrogen compounds KW - Oxides KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - Q2 09185:Organic compounds KW - AQ 00006:Sewage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1323803648?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Chemistry+and+Physics&rft.atitle=Enhanced+SOA+formation+from+mixed+anthropogenic+and+biogenic+emissions+during+the+CARES+campaign&rft.au=Shilling%2C+JE%3BZaveri%2C+R+A%3BFast%2C+J+D%3BKleinman%2C+L%3BAlexander%2C+M+L%3BCanagaratna%2C+M+R%3BFortner%2C+E%3BHubbe%2C+J+M%3BJayne%2C+J+T%3BSedlacek%2C+A&rft.aulast=Shilling&rft.aufirst=JE&rft.date=2013-02-21&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=2091&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Chemistry+and+Physics&rft.issn=16807316&rft_id=info:doi/10.5194%2Facp-13-2091-2013 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Terpenes; Carbon monoxide; Aerosols; Anthropogenic factors; Organic compounds; Nitrogen compounds; Oxides; Ammonium compounds; Organic aerosols in atmosphere; Radiation balance; Atmospheric chemistry; Aircraft observations; Algorithms; Aerosol formation; Global aerosols; Seasonal variability; Meteorological conditions; Nitrates; Aircraft; Radiation; Detection Limits; Organic Compounds; Slopes; Chemical Composition; Spectrometers; USA, California, Sacramento DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-2091-2013 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The surface structure of a-uranophane and its interaction with Eu(III); an integrated computational and fluorescence spectroscopy study AN - 1328505883; 2013-034942 AB - Uranophane is a rare U(VI) secondary silicate mineral that is relevant to the long-term performance of high level nuclear waste repositories. It can be formed under oxidizing conditions, potentially acting as an additional barrier to radionuclide migration through the accessible environment via mineral sorption reactions. To help understand the mechanisms involved in such sorption, a combination of theoretical calculations (classical molecular dynamics and ab initio density functional theory), and experimental work (sorption and laser induced fluorescence spectroscopy studies), have been employed to investigate the uranophanewater interface as well as the interfacial reactivity of the U(VI) silicate toward acidic conditions and radionuclide ion sorption. The combination of theoretical and experimental sorption studies help identify the molecular structure of the surface-sorbed species. Interfacial water is found to orient primarily with the hydrogen-atoms directed towards the negatively charged surface, with sorption sites belonging to three different groups: (1) those involving uranyl oxygen, (2) involving uranyl and silica hydroxyl oxygen atoms, and (3) involving hydroxyl hydrogen. Under basic conditions, deprotonation of the Si-OH groups is predicted to be responsible for uranophane dissolution, while protonation of bridging oxygens is likely responsible for acidic dissolution. Stable inner-sphere sorbed Eu(III) species are observed both experimentally and computationally. Moreover, Eu(III) is found to react with both protonated and deprotonated surface sites, indicating that radionuclides may sorb to the surface of uranophane under a broad range of pH conditions that alter the relative concentrations of protonated and deprotonated surface sites. This is in stark contrast to prior observations regarding other silicate minerals such as quartz, where sorption under basic conditions is enhanced. Abstract Copyright (2013) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Kuta, Jadwiga AU - Wang, Zheming AU - Wisuri, Katy AU - Wander, Matthew C F AU - Wall, Nathalie A AU - Clark, Aurora E Y1 - 2013/02/15/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Feb 15 SP - 184 EP - 196 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 103 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - silicates KW - sorption KW - isotopes KW - data processing KW - crystal structure KW - simulation KW - radioactive waste KW - radioactive isotopes KW - water-rock interaction KW - orthosilicates KW - X-ray fluorescence spectra KW - spectra KW - rare earths KW - molecular dynamics KW - europium KW - chemical composition KW - pH KW - surface properties KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - nesosilicates KW - molecular structure KW - metals KW - mathematical methods KW - waste disposal KW - crystal chemistry KW - uranophane KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328505883?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=The+surface+structure+of+a-uranophane+and+its+interaction+with+Eu%28III%29%3B+an+integrated+computational+and+fluorescence+spectroscopy+study&rft.au=Kuta%2C+Jadwiga%3BWang%2C+Zheming%3BWisuri%2C+Katy%3BWander%2C+Matthew+C+F%3BWall%2C+Nathalie+A%3BClark%2C+Aurora+E&rft.aulast=Kuta&rft.aufirst=Jadwiga&rft.date=2013-02-15&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=&rft.spage=184&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2012.10.056 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 54 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical composition; crystal chemistry; crystal structure; data processing; europium; isotopes; mathematical methods; metals; molecular dynamics; molecular structure; nesosilicates; orthosilicates; pH; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; rare earths; silicates; simulation; sorption; spectra; surface properties; uranophane; waste disposal; water-rock interaction; X-ray fluorescence spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2012.10.056 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Observing Dynamic Processes in Real Time T2 - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS 2013) AN - 1369227050; 6213160 JF - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS 2013) AU - Browning, Nigel Y1 - 2013/02/14/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Feb 14 KW - Economics KW - Social aspects KW - Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1369227050?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Association+for+the+Advancement+of+Science+%28AAAS+2013%29&rft.atitle=Observing+Dynamic+Processes+in+Real+Time&rft.au=Browning%2C+Nigel&rft.aulast=Browning&rft.aufirst=Nigel&rft.date=2013-02-14&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Association+for+the+Advancement+of+Science+%28AAAS+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://aaas.confex.com/aaas/2013/webprogram/start.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-05-31 N1 - Last updated - 2013-06-19 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Estrogen Receptor Activation Potential of Internal Concentrations of BPA in Humans T2 - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS 2013) AN - 1369226600; 6213398 JF - 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS 2013) AU - Teeguarden, Justin Y1 - 2013/02/14/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Feb 14 KW - Estrogen receptors KW - Sex hormones UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1369226600?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Association+for+the+Advancement+of+Science+%28AAAS+2013%29&rft.atitle=Estrogen+Receptor+Activation+Potential+of+Internal+Concentrations+of+BPA+in+Humans&rft.au=Teeguarden%2C+Justin&rft.aulast=Teeguarden&rft.aufirst=Justin&rft.date=2013-02-14&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Association+for+the+Advancement+of+Science+%28AAAS+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://aaas.confex.com/aaas/2013/webprogram/start.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-05-31 N1 - Last updated - 2013-06-19 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Extraction of information content from stochastic disaggregation and bias corrected downscaled precipitation variables for crop simulation AN - 1671335463; 17670109 AB - We applied a simple statistical downscaling procedure for transforming daily global climate model (GCM) rainfall to the scale of an agricultural experimental station in Katumani, Kenya. The transformation made was two-fold. First, we corrected the rainfall frequency bias of the climate model by truncating its daily rainfall cumulative distribution into the station's distribution based on a prescribed observed wet-day threshold. Then, we corrected the climate model rainfall intensity bias by mapping its truncated rainfall distribution into the station's truncated distribution. Further improvements were made to the bias corrected GCM rainfall by linking it with a stochastic disaggregation scheme to correct the time structure problem inherent with daily GCM rainfall. Results of the simple and hybridized GCM downscaled precipitation variables (total, probability of occurrence, intensity and dry spell length) were linked with a crop model for a more objective evaluation of their performance using a non-linear measure based on mutual information based on entropy. This study is useful for the identification of both suitable downscaling technique as well as the effective precipitation variables for forecasting crop yields using GCM's outputs which can be useful for addressing food security problems beforehand in critical basins around the world. JF - Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment AU - Mishra, Ashok K AU - Ines, Amor VM AU - Singh, Vijay P AU - Hansen, James W AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA, 99352, USA Y1 - 2013/02// PY - 2013 DA - Feb 2013 SP - 449 EP - 457 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 27 IS - 2 SN - 1436-3240, 1436-3240 KW - Materials Business File (MB); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Mathematical models KW - Stations KW - Rainfall KW - Precipitation KW - Stochasticity KW - Bias KW - Entropy KW - Crops UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1671335463?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Stochastic+Environmental+Research+and+Risk+Assessment&rft.atitle=Extraction+of+information+content+from+stochastic+disaggregation+and+bias+corrected+downscaled+precipitation+variables+for+crop+simulation&rft.au=Mishra%2C+Ashok+K%3BInes%2C+Amor+VM%3BSingh%2C+Vijay+P%3BHansen%2C+James+W&rft.aulast=Mishra&rft.aufirst=Ashok&rft.date=2013-02-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=449&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Stochastic+Environmental+Research+and+Risk+Assessment&rft.issn=14363240&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00477-012-0667-9 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-03-01 N1 - Number of references - 28 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00477-012-0667-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A comparative analysis of computational approaches to relative protein quantification using peptide peak intensities in label-free LC - MS proteomics experiments AN - 1434015148; 18497778 AB - Liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry ( LC - MS ) is widely used to identify and quantify peptides in complex biological samples. In particular, label-free shotgun proteomics is highly effective for the identification of peptides and subsequently obtaining a global protein profile of a sample. As a result, this approach is widely used for discovery studies. Typically, the objective of these discovery studies is to identify proteins that are affected by some condition of interest (e.g. disease, exposure). However, for complex biological samples, label-free LC - MS proteomics experiments measure peptides and do not directly yield protein quantities. Thus, protein quantification must be inferred from one or more measured peptides. In recent years, many computational approaches to relative protein quantification of label-free LC - MS data have been published. In this review, we examine the most commonly employed quantification approaches to relative protein abundance from peak intensity values, evaluate their individual merits, and discuss challenges in the use of the various computational approaches. JF - Proteomics AU - Matzke, Melissa M AU - Brown, Joseph N AU - Gritsenko, Marina A AU - Metz, Thomas O AU - Pounds, Joel G AU - Rodland, Karin D AU - Shukla, Anil K AU - Smith, Richard D AU - Waters, Katrina M AU - McDermott, Jason E AU - Webb-Robertson, Bobbie-Jo AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA. Y1 - 2013/02// PY - 2013 DA - Feb 2013 SP - 493 EP - 503 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 13 IS - 3-4 SN - 1615-9853, 1615-9853 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Data processing KW - Liquid chromatography KW - proteomics KW - Computer applications KW - Mass spectroscopy KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1434015148?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proteomics&rft.atitle=A+comparative+analysis+of+computational+approaches+to+relative+protein+quantification+using+peptide+peak+intensities+in+label-free+LC+-+MS+proteomics+experiments&rft.au=Matzke%2C+Melissa+M%3BBrown%2C+Joseph+N%3BGritsenko%2C+Marina+A%3BMetz%2C+Thomas+O%3BPounds%2C+Joel+G%3BRodland%2C+Karin+D%3BShukla%2C+Anil+K%3BSmith%2C+Richard+D%3BWaters%2C+Katrina+M%3BMcDermott%2C+Jason+E%3BWebb-Robertson%2C+Bobbie-Jo&rft.aulast=Matzke&rft.aufirst=Melissa&rft.date=2013-02-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=493&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proteomics&rft.issn=16159853&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fpmic.201200269 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Data processing; Liquid chromatography; proteomics; Computer applications; Mass spectroscopy DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pmic.201200269 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterizing particle-scale equilibrium adsorption and kinetics of uranium (VI) desorption from U-contaminated sediments AN - 1434008649; 2013-072324 AB - Rates of U(VI) release from individual dry-sieved size fractions of a field-aggregated, field-contaminated composite sediment from the seasonally saturated lower vadose zone of the Hanford 300-Area were examined in flow-through reactors to maintain quasi-constant chemical conditions. The principal source of variability in equilibrium U(VI) adsorption properties of the various size fractions was the impact of variable chemistry on adsorption. This source of variability was represented using surface complexation models (SCMs) with different stoichiometric coefficients with respect to hydrogen ion and carbonate concentrations for the different size fractions. A reactive transport model incorporating equilibrium expressions for cation exchange and calcite dissolution, along with rate expressions for aerobic respiration and silica dissolution, described the temporal evolution of solute concentrations observed during the flow-through reactor experiments. Kinetic U(VI) desorption was well described using a multirate SCM with an assumed lognormal distribution for the mass-transfer rate coefficients. The estimated mean and standard deviation of the rate coefficients were the same for all <2 mm size fractions but differed for the 2-8 mm size fraction. Micropore volumes, assessed using t-plots to analyze N (sub 2) desorption data, were also the same for all dry-sieved <2 mm size fractions, indicating a link between micropore volumes and mass-transfer rate properties. Pore volumes for dry-sieved size fractions exceeded values for the corresponding wet-sieved fractions. We hypothesize that repeated field wetting and drying cycles lead to the formation of aggregates and/or coatings containing (micro)pore networks which provided an additional mass-transfer resistance over that associated with individual particles. The 2-8 mm fraction exhibited a larger average and standard deviation in the distribution of mass-transfer rate coefficients, possibly caused by the abundance of microporous basaltic rock fragments. Abstract Copyright (2013), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Stoliker, Deborah L AU - Liu, Chongxuan AU - Kent, Douglas B AU - Zachara, John M Y1 - 2013/02// PY - 2013 DA - February 2013 SP - 1163 EP - 1177 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 49 IS - 2 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - United States KW - desorption KW - Washington KW - numerical models KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - adsorption KW - equilibrium KW - porosity KW - transport KW - metals KW - sediments KW - reactive transport KW - valency KW - uranium KW - ion exchange KW - mass transfer KW - kinetics KW - actinides KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1434008649?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Characterizing+particle-scale+equilibrium+adsorption+and+kinetics+of+uranium+%28VI%29+desorption+from+U-contaminated+sediments&rft.au=Stoliker%2C+Deborah+L%3BLiu%2C+Chongxuan%3BKent%2C+Douglas+B%3BZachara%2C+John+M&rft.aulast=Stoliker&rft.aufirst=Deborah&rft.date=2013-02-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=1163&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fwrcr.20104 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 84 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-20 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; adsorption; desorption; equilibrium; Hanford Site; ion exchange; kinetics; mass transfer; metals; numerical models; pollution; porosity; reactive transport; sediments; transport; United States; unsaturated zone; uranium; valency; Washington DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20104 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pore-scale evaluation of uranyl phosphate precipitation in a model groundwater system AN - 1434008584; 2013-072304 AB - The abiotic precipitation of uranium (U(VI)) was evaluated in a microfluidic pore network (i.e., micromodel) to assess the efficacy of using a phosphate amendment to immobilize uranium in groundwater. U(VI) was mixed transverse to the direction of flow with hydrogen phosphate (HPO (sub 4) (super 2-) ), in the presence or absence of calcium (Ca (super 2+) ) or sulfate (SO (sub 4) (super 2-) ), in order to identify precipitation rates, morphology and types of minerals formed, and effects of mineral precipitates on pore blockage. Precipitation occurred over the time scale of hours to days. Relative to when only U(VI) and HPO (sub 4) (super 2-) were present, precipitation rates were 2.3 times slower when SO (sub 4) (super 2-) was present, and 1.4 times faster when Ca (super 2+) was present; larger crystals formed in the presence of SO (sub 4) (super 2-) . Raman backscattering spectroscopy and micro-X-ray diffraction results both showed that the only mineral precipitated was chernikovite, UO (sub 2) HPO (sub 4) . 4H (sub 2) O; energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy results indicate that Ca and S are not incorporated into the chernikovite lattice. A pore-scale model was developed, and simulation results of saturation ratio (SR = Q/K (sub sp) ) suggest that chernikovite is the least thermodynamically favored mineral to precipitate (0 10 (super 5) ). Fluorescent tracer studies and laser confocal microscopy images showed that densely aggregated precipitates blocked pores and reduced permeability. The results suggest that uranium precipitation with phosphate as chernikovite is rapid on the time scale of remediation for the conditions considered and can block pores, alter fluid flow paths, and potentially limit mixing and precipitation. Abstract Copyright (2013), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Fanizza, Michael F AU - Yoon, Hongkyu AU - Zhang, Changyong AU - Oostrom, Martinus AU - Wietsma, Thomas W AU - Hess, Nancy J AU - Bowden, Mark E AU - Strathmann, Timothy J AU - Finneran, Kevin T AU - Werth, Charles J Y1 - 2013/02// PY - 2013 DA - February 2013 SP - 874 EP - 890 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 49 IS - 2 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - calcium KW - autunite KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - mixing KW - valency KW - spectra KW - mobility KW - alkaline earth metals KW - experimental studies KW - sulfate ion KW - numerical models KW - secondary minerals KW - uranyl ion KW - phosphates KW - migration of elements KW - uranium minerals KW - Raman spectra KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - chernikovite KW - uranyl phosphate KW - uranium KW - actinides KW - pore water KW - permeability KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1434008584?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Pore-scale+evaluation+of+uranyl+phosphate+precipitation+in+a+model+groundwater+system&rft.au=Fanizza%2C+Michael+F%3BYoon%2C+Hongkyu%3BZhang%2C+Changyong%3BOostrom%2C+Martinus%3BWietsma%2C+Thomas+W%3BHess%2C+Nancy+J%3BBowden%2C+Mark+E%3BStrathmann%2C+Timothy+J%3BFinneran%2C+Kevin+T%3BWerth%2C+Charles+J&rft.aulast=Fanizza&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2013-02-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=874&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fwrcr.20088 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 84 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-20 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; alkaline earth metals; autunite; calcium; chernikovite; experimental studies; ground water; metals; migration of elements; mixing; mobility; numerical models; permeability; phosphates; pore water; precipitation; Raman spectra; remediation; secondary minerals; spectra; sulfate ion; uranium; uranium minerals; uranyl ion; uranyl phosphate; valency DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20088 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Oxidative dissolution of UO (sub 2) in a simulated ground water containing synthetic nanocrystalline mackinawite AN - 1320154580; 2013-030443 AB - The long-term success of in situ reductive immobilization of uranium (U) depends on the stability of U(IV) precipitates (e.g., uraninite) in the presence of natural oxidants, such as oxygen, Fe(III) hydroxides, and nitrite. Field and laboratory studies have implicated iron sulfide minerals as redox buffers or oxidant scavengers that may slow oxidation of reduced U(IV) solid phases. Yet, the inhibition mechanism(s) and reaction rates of uraninite (UO (sub 2) ) oxidative dissolution by oxic species such as oxygen in FeS-bearing systems remain largely unresolved. To address this knowledge gap, abiotic batch experiments were conducted with synthetic UO (sub 2) in the presence and absence of synthetic mackinawite (FeS) under simulated groundwater conditions of pH=7, P (sub O2) =0.02 atm, and P (sub CO2) =0.05 atm. The kinetic profiles of dissolved uranium indicate that FeS inhibited UO (sub 2) dissolution for about 51 h by effectively scavenging oxygen and keeping dissolved oxygen (DO) low. During this time period, oxidation of structural Fe(II) and S(-II) of FeS were found to control the DO levels, leading to the formation of iron oxyhydroxides and elemental sulfur, respectively, as verified by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Mossbauer, and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). After FeS was depleted due to oxidation, DO levels increased and UO (sub 2) oxidative dissolution occurred at an initial rate of r (sub m) =1.2+ or -0.4X10 (super -8) mol g (super -1) s (super -1) , higher than r (sub m) =5.4+ or -0.3X10 (super -9) mol g (super -1) s (super -1) in the control experiment where FeS was absent. XAS analysis confirmed that soluble U(VI)-carbonato complexes were adsorbed by iron oxyhydroxides (i.e., nanogoethite and lepidocrocite) formed from FeS oxidation, which provided a sink for U(VI) retention. This work reveals that both the oxygen scavenging by FeS and the adsorption of U(VI) to FeS oxidation products may be important in U reductive immobilization systems subject to redox cycling events. Abstract Copyright (2013) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Bi, Yuqiang AU - Hyun, Sung Pil AU - Kukkadapu, Ravi K AU - Hayes, Kim F Y1 - 2013/02/01/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Feb 01 SP - 175 EP - 190 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 102 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - isotopes KW - buffers KW - mass spectra KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - XANES spectra KW - mackinawite KW - radioactive isotopes KW - chemical reactions KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - chemical composition KW - water pollution KW - synthetic materials KW - Eh KW - Mossbauer spectra KW - experimental studies KW - pollutants KW - oxidation KW - pollution KW - solubility KW - hydrochemistry KW - X-ray spectra KW - ICP mass spectra KW - crystals KW - soil pollution KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - EXAFS data KW - uranium KW - mobilization KW - crystal chemistry KW - uraninite KW - sulfides KW - nanoparticles KW - actinides KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1320154580?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Oxidative+dissolution+of+UO+%28sub+2%29+in+a+simulated+ground+water+containing+synthetic+nanocrystalline+mackinawite&rft.au=Bi%2C+Yuqiang%3BHyun%2C+Sung+Pil%3BKukkadapu%2C+Ravi+K%3BHayes%2C+Kim+F&rft.aulast=Bi&rft.aufirst=Yuqiang&rft.date=2013-02-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=&rft.spage=175&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2012.10.032 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 100 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2013-03-28 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; buffers; chemical composition; chemical reactions; crystal chemistry; crystals; Eh; EXAFS data; experimental studies; ground water; hydrochemistry; ICP mass spectra; isotopes; mackinawite; mass spectra; metals; mobilization; Mossbauer spectra; nanoparticles; oxidation; oxides; pollutants; pollution; precipitation; radioactive isotopes; simulation; soil pollution; solubility; spectra; sulfides; synthetic materials; uraninite; uranium; water pollution; X-ray diffraction data; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2012.10.032 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Improved zircon fission-track annealing model based on reevaluation of annealing data AN - 1312834997; 2013-021228 AB - The thermal recovery (annealing) of mineral structure modified by the passage of fission fragments has long been studied by the etching technique. In minerals like apatite and zircon, the annealing kinetics are fairly well constrained from the hour to the million-year timescale and have been described by empirical and semi-empirical equations. On the other hand, laboratory experiments, in which ion beams interact with minerals and synthetic ceramics, have shown that there is a threshold temperature beyond which thermal recovery impedes ion-induced amorphization. In this work, it is assumed that this behavior can be extended to the annealing of fission tracks in minerals. It is proposed that there is a threshold temperature, T (sub 0) , beyond which fission tracks are erased within a time t (sub 0) , which is independent of the current state of lattice deformation. This implies that iso-annealing curves should converge to a fanning point in the Arrhenius pseudo-space (ln t vs. 1/T). Based on the proposed hypothesis, and laboratory and geological data, annealing equations are reevaluated. The geological timescale estimations of a model arising from this study are discussed through the calculation of partial annealing zone and closure temperature, and comparison with geological sample constraints found in literature. It is shown that the predictions given by this model are closer to field data on closure temperature and partial annealing zone than predictions given by previous models. Copyright 2012 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg JF - Physics and Chemistry of Minerals AU - Guedes, S AU - Moreira, P A F P AU - Devanathan, R AU - Weber, W J AU - Hadler, J C Y1 - 2013/02// PY - 2013 DA - February 2013 SP - 93 EP - 106 PB - Springer-Verlag, Berlin - New York VL - 40 IS - 2 SN - 0342-1791, 0342-1791 KW - zircon group KW - silicates KW - experimental studies KW - lattice KW - zircon KW - deformation KW - temperature KW - nesosilicates KW - models KW - laboratory studies KW - fission tracks KW - orthosilicates KW - thermochronology KW - etching KW - annealing KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312834997?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+Minerals&rft.atitle=Improved+zircon+fission-track+annealing+model+based+on+reevaluation+of+annealing+data&rft.au=Guedes%2C+S%3BMoreira%2C+P+A+F+P%3BDevanathan%2C+R%3BWeber%2C+W+J%3BHadler%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Guedes&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2013-02-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=93&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+Minerals&rft.issn=03421791&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00269-012-0550-8 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/100449/?p=e597e977f1914094b3810f7e67f0a453&pi=0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Based on Publisher-supplied data N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 N1 - CODEN - PCMIDU N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - annealing; deformation; etching; experimental studies; fission tracks; laboratory studies; lattice; models; nesosilicates; orthosilicates; silicates; temperature; thermochronology; zircon; zircon group DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00269-012-0550-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Proteome Analyses of Strains ATCC 51142 and PCC 7822 of the Diazotrophic Cyanobacterium Cyanothece sp. under Culture Conditions Resulting in Enhanced H2 Production AN - 1291613357; 17678674 AB - Cultures of the cyanobacterial genus Cyanothece have been shown to produce high levels of biohydrogen. These strains are diazotrophic and undergo pronounced diurnal cycles when grown under N2-fixing conditions in light-dark cycles. We seek to better understand the way in which proteins respond to these diurnal changes, and we performed quantitative proteome analysis of Cyanothece sp. strains ATCC 51142 and PCC 7822 grown under 8 different nutritional conditions. Nitrogenase expression was limited to N2-fixing conditions, and in the absence of glycerol, nitrogenase gene expression was linked to the dark period. However, glycerol induced expression of nitrogenase during part of the light period, together with cytochrome c oxidase (Cox), glycogen phosphorylase (Glp), and glycolytic and pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) enzymes. This indicated that nitrogenase expression in the light was facilitated via higher levels of respiration and glycogen breakdown. Key enzymes of the Calvin cycle were inhibited in Cyanothece ATCC 51142 in the presence of glycerol under H2-producing conditions, suggesting a competition between these sources of carbon. However, in Cyanothece PCC 7822, the Calvin cycle still played a role in cofactor recycling during H2 production. Our data comprise the first comprehensive profiling of proteome changes in Cyanothece PCC 7822 and allow an in-depth comparative analysis of major physiological and biochemical processes that influence H2 production in both strains. Our results revealed many previously uncharacterized proteins that may play a role in nitrogenase activity and in other metabolic pathways and may provide suitable targets for genetic manipulation that would lead to improvement of large-scale H2 production. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Aryal, Uma K AU - Callister, Stephen J AU - Mishra, Sujata AU - Zhang, Xiaohui AU - Shutthanandan, Janani I AU - Angel, Thomas E AU - Shukla, Anil K AU - Monroe, Matthew E AU - Moore, Ronald J AU - Koppenaal, David W AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA, LouisSherman,lsherman{at}purdue.edu. Y1 - 2013/02// PY - 2013 DA - Feb 2013 SP - 1070 EP - 1077 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 United States VL - 79 IS - 4 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Calvin cycle KW - Nitrogenase KW - Cyanobacteria KW - A:01340 KW - K:03310 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1291613357?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Proteome+Analyses+of+Strains+ATCC+51142+and+PCC+7822+of+the+Diazotrophic+Cyanobacterium+Cyanothece+sp.+under+Culture+Conditions+Resulting+in+Enhanced+H2+Production&rft.au=Aryal%2C+Uma+K%3BCallister%2C+Stephen+J%3BMishra%2C+Sujata%3BZhang%2C+Xiaohui%3BShutthanandan%2C+Janani+I%3BAngel%2C+Thomas+E%3BShukla%2C+Anil+K%3BMonroe%2C+Matthew+E%3BMoore%2C+Ronald+J%3BKoppenaal%2C+David+W&rft.aulast=Aryal&rft.aufirst=Uma&rft.date=2013-02-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1070&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FAEM.02864-12 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Nitrogenase; Cyanobacteria DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.02864-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rheological behavior of xanthan gum solution related to shear thinning fluid delivery for subsurface remediation. AN - 1273806352; 23246952 AB - Xanthan gum solutions are shear thinning fluids which can be used as delivery media to improve the distribution of remedial amendments injected into heterogeneous subsurface environments. The rheological behavior of the shear thinning solution needs to be known to develop an appropriate design for field injection. In this study, the rheological properties of xanthan gum solutions were obtained under various chemical and environmental conditions relevant to delivery of remedial amendments to groundwater. Higher xanthan concentration raised the absolute solution viscosity and increased the degree of shear thinning. Addition of remedial amendments (e.g., phosphate, sodium lactate, ethyl lactate) caused the dynamic viscosity of xanthan solutions to decrease, but they maintained shear-thinning properties. Use of mono- and divalent salts (e.g., Na(+), Ca(2+)) to increase the solution ionic strength also decreased the dynamic viscosity of xanthan and the degree of shear thinning, although the effect reversed at high xanthan concentrations. A power law analysis showed that the consistency index is a linear function of the xanthan concentration. The degree of shear thinning, however, is best described using a logarithmic function. Mechanisms to describe the observed empiricism have been discussed. In the absence of sediments, xanthan solutions maintained their viscosity for months. However, the solutions lost their viscosity over a period of days to weeks when in contact with site sediment. Loss of viscosity is attributed to physical and biodegradation processes. JF - Journal of hazardous materials AU - Zhong, L AU - Oostrom, M AU - Truex, M J AU - Vermeul, V R AU - Szecsody, J E AD - Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99354, USA. lirong.zhong@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2013/01/15/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Jan 15 SP - 160 EP - 170 VL - 244-245 KW - Lactates KW - 0 KW - Phosphates KW - Polymers KW - Polysaccharides, Bacterial KW - Solutions KW - Sodium Chloride KW - 451W47IQ8X KW - ethyl lactate KW - F3P750VW8I KW - Calcium Chloride KW - M4I0D6VV5M KW - sodium phosphate KW - SE337SVY37 KW - xanthan gum KW - TTV12P4NEE KW - Sodium Lactate KW - TU7HW0W0QT KW - Index Medicus KW - Calcium Chloride -- chemistry KW - Osmolar Concentration KW - Geologic Sediments -- chemistry KW - Washington KW - Sodium Lactate -- chemistry KW - Phosphates -- chemistry KW - Lactates -- chemistry KW - Polymers -- chemistry KW - Sodium Chloride -- chemistry KW - Rheology KW - Viscosity KW - Environmental Restoration and Remediation KW - Polysaccharides, Bacterial -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1273806352?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+hazardous+materials&rft.atitle=Rheological+behavior+of+xanthan+gum+solution+related+to+shear+thinning+fluid+delivery+for+subsurface+remediation.&rft.au=Zhong%2C+L%3BOostrom%2C+M%3BTruex%2C+M+J%3BVermeul%2C+V+R%3BSzecsody%2C+J+E&rft.aulast=Zhong&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2013-01-15&rft.volume=244-245&rft.issue=&rft.spage=160&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+hazardous+materials&rft.issn=1873-3336&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jhazmat.2012.11.028 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2013-07-01 N1 - Date created - 2013-01-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.11.028 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - A Modeling Study of Storm Surge and Its Impacts to Coastal Energy Infrastructure under Extreme Events in the Gulf of Mexico T2 - 93rd American Meteorological Society Annual Meeting (AMS 2013) AN - 1369231121; 6217198 JF - 93rd American Meteorological Society Annual Meeting (AMS 2013) AU - Yang, Zhaoqing AU - Wang, T AU - Leung, L AU - Hibbard, K AU - Janetos, A AU - Kraucunas, I AU - Rice, J AU - Preston, B AU - Wilbanks, T Y1 - 2013/01/06/ PY - 2013 DA - 2013 Jan 06 KW - Infrastructure KW - Storm surges KW - Mexico Gulf KW - Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1369231121?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=93rd+American+Meteorological+Society+Annual+Meeting+%28AMS+2013%29&rft.atitle=A+Modeling+Study+of+Storm+Surge+and+Its+Impacts+to+Coastal+Energy+Infrastructure+under+Extreme+Events+in+the+Gulf+of+Mexico&rft.au=Yang%2C+Zhaoqing%3BWang%2C+T%3BLeung%2C+L%3BHibbard%2C+K%3BJanetos%2C+A%3BKraucunas%2C+I%3BRice%2C+J%3BPreston%2C+B%3BWilbanks%2C+T&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=Zhaoqing&rft.date=2013-01-06&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=93rd+American+Meteorological+Society+Annual+Meeting+%28AMS+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://ams.confex.com/ams/93Annual/webprogram/meeting.html# LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-05-31 N1 - Last updated - 2013-06-19 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Redox reactions between aqueous Fe(II) and structural Fe(III) in clay minerals; a new conceptual framework AN - 1832682700; 768087-59 JF - Program and Abstracts - Annual Meeting of the Clay Minerals Society AU - Neumann, Anke AU - Olson, Tyler L AU - Li, Weiqiang AU - Beard, Brian L AU - Johnson, Clark M AU - Rosso, Kevin AU - Alexandrov, Vitaly AU - Scherer, Michelle M Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 185 PB - Clay Minerals Society, Aurora, CO VL - 50 SN - 1550-2244, 1550-2244 KW - silicates KW - clay mineralogy KW - crystal structure KW - aqueous solutions KW - iron KW - ferrous iron KW - clay minerals KW - ferric iron KW - reactivity KW - metals KW - sheet silicates KW - Eh KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832682700?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Program+and+Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Clay+Minerals+Society&rft.atitle=Redox+reactions+between+aqueous+Fe%28II%29+and+structural+Fe%28III%29+in+clay+minerals%3B+a+new+conceptual+framework&rft.au=Neumann%2C+Anke%3BOlson%2C+Tyler+L%3BLi%2C+Weiqiang%3BBeard%2C+Brian+L%3BJohnson%2C+Clark+M%3BRosso%2C+Kevin%3BAlexandrov%2C+Vitaly%3BScherer%2C+Michelle+M&rft.aulast=Neumann&rft.aufirst=Anke&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=&rft.spage=185&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Program+and+Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Clay+Minerals+Society&rft.issn=15502244&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aqueous solutions; clay mineralogy; clay minerals; crystal structure; Eh; ferric iron; ferrous iron; iron; metals; reactivity; sheet silicates; silicates ER - TY - JOUR T1 - X-diffraction, helium ion and electron microscopy of smectite-natural organic matter composites AN - 1832682651; 768086-51 JF - Program and Abstracts - Annual Meeting of the Clay Minerals Society AU - Ferguson, Brennan O AU - Arey, Bruce AU - Varga, Tamas AU - Dohnalkova, Alice AU - Kirkpatrick, R James AU - Bowers, Geoffrey M AU - ? Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 63 EP - 64 PB - Clay Minerals Society, Aurora, CO VL - 50 SN - 1550-2244, 1550-2244 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832682651?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Program+and+Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Clay+Minerals+Society&rft.atitle=X-diffraction%2C+helium+ion+and+electron+microscopy+of+smectite-natural+organic+matter+composites&rft.au=Ferguson%2C+Brennan+O%3BArey%2C+Bruce%3BVarga%2C+Tamas%3BDohnalkova%2C+Alice%3BKirkpatrick%2C+R+James%3BBowers%2C+Geoffrey+M%3B%3F&rft.aulast=Ferguson&rft.aufirst=Brennan&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=&rft.spage=63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Program+and+Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Clay+Minerals+Society&rft.issn=15502244&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Annual meeting of the Clay Minerals Society N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - CO (sub 2) utilization and storage in shale gas reservoirs AN - 1832681260; 768087-87 JF - Program and Abstracts - Annual Meeting of the Clay Minerals Society AU - Schaef, H Todd AU - Glezakou, V A AU - Owen, A T AU - Loring, John S AU - Thompson, Christopher J AU - Davidson, Casie L AU - McGrail, B Pete Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 221 PB - Clay Minerals Society, Aurora, CO VL - 50 SN - 1550-2244, 1550-2244 KW - utilization KW - shale gas KW - natural gas KW - petroleum KW - storage KW - reservoir rocks KW - carbon dioxide KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832681260?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Program+and+Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Clay+Minerals+Society&rft.atitle=CO+%28sub+2%29+utilization+and+storage+in+shale+gas+reservoirs&rft.au=Schaef%2C+H+Todd%3BGlezakou%2C+V+A%3BOwen%2C+A+T%3BLoring%2C+John+S%3BThompson%2C+Christopher+J%3BDavidson%2C+Casie+L%3BMcGrail%2C+B+Pete&rft.aulast=Schaef&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=&rft.spage=221&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Program+and+Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Clay+Minerals+Society&rft.issn=15502244&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. 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N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon dioxide; natural gas; petroleum; reservoir rocks; shale gas; storage; utilization ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fixed rubidium in Savannah River site soils AN - 1832680077; 768087-111 JF - Program and Abstracts - Annual Meeting of the Clay Minerals Society AU - Wampler, J M AU - Elliott, W Crawford AU - Zaunbrecher, Laura K AU - Krogstad, Eirik J AU - Kahn, Bernd AU - Kaplan, Daniel I Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 249 PB - Clay Minerals Society, Aurora, CO VL - 50 SN - 1550-2244, 1550-2244 KW - United States KW - soils KW - mineral interlayer KW - fixation KW - South Carolina KW - metals KW - rubidium KW - alkali metals KW - ion exchange KW - Savannah River Site KW - geochemistry KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832680077?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Program+and+Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Clay+Minerals+Society&rft.atitle=Fixed+rubidium+in+Savannah+River+site+soils&rft.au=Wampler%2C+J+M%3BElliott%2C+W+Crawford%3BZaunbrecher%2C+Laura+K%3BKrogstad%2C+Eirik+J%3BKahn%2C+Bernd%3BKaplan%2C+Daniel+I&rft.aulast=Wampler&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=&rft.spage=249&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Program+and+Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Clay+Minerals+Society&rft.issn=15502244&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; fixation; geochemistry; ion exchange; metals; mineral interlayer; rubidium; Savannah River Site; soils; South Carolina; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Montmorillonite interactions with supercritical CO (sub 2) ; neutron scattering and excess sorption AN - 1832679722; 768087-82 JF - Program and Abstracts - Annual Meeting of the Clay Minerals Society AU - Rother, Gernot AU - Ilton, Eugene S AU - Krukowski, Elizabeth G AU - Bodnar, Robert J Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 214 PB - Clay Minerals Society, Aurora, CO VL - 50 SN - 1550-2244, 1550-2244 KW - silicates KW - mineral interlayer KW - clay KW - sorption KW - density KW - clastic sediments KW - fluid phase KW - crystal structure KW - adsorption KW - porosity KW - clay minerals KW - carbon dioxide KW - water-rock interaction KW - sediments KW - cap rocks KW - sheet silicates KW - neutron diffraction analysis KW - montmorillonite KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832679722?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Program+and+Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Clay+Minerals+Society&rft.atitle=Montmorillonite+interactions+with+supercritical+CO+%28sub+2%29+%3B+neutron+scattering+and+excess+sorption&rft.au=Rother%2C+Gernot%3BIlton%2C+Eugene+S%3BKrukowski%2C+Elizabeth+G%3BBodnar%2C+Robert+J&rft.aulast=Rother&rft.aufirst=Gernot&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=&rft.spage=214&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Program+and+Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Clay+Minerals+Society&rft.issn=15502244&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. 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N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; cap rocks; carbon dioxide; clastic sediments; clay; clay minerals; crystal structure; density; fluid phase; mineral interlayer; montmorillonite; neutron diffraction analysis; porosity; sediments; sheet silicates; silicates; sorption; water-rock interaction ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In situ studies of montmorillonite hydration in dry to water-saturated supercritical CO (sub 2) ; implications for caprock integrity AN - 1832678789; 768087-38 JF - Program and Abstracts - Annual Meeting of the Clay Minerals Society AU - Loring, John S AU - Chen, Jeffrey AU - Schaef, H Todd AU - Thompson, Chris J AU - Benezeth, Pascale AU - Ilton, Eugene AU - Qafoku, Odeta AU - Rosso, Kevin M AU - Felmy, Andrew R Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 158 PB - Clay Minerals Society, Aurora, CO VL - 50 SN - 1550-2244, 1550-2244 KW - silicates KW - clay KW - clay mineralogy KW - crystal structure KW - carbon dioxide KW - partitioning KW - chemical reactions KW - sediments KW - molecular dynamics KW - geochemistry KW - montmorillonite KW - water KW - mineral interlayer KW - concentration KW - carbon sequestration KW - clastic sediments KW - adsorption KW - clay minerals KW - molecular structure KW - hydration KW - saturation KW - cap rocks KW - sheet silicates KW - supercritical fluids KW - crystal chemistry KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832678789?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Program+and+Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Clay+Minerals+Society&rft.atitle=In+situ+studies+of+montmorillonite+hydration+in+dry+to+water-saturated+supercritical+CO+%28sub+2%29+%3B+implications+for+caprock+integrity&rft.au=Loring%2C+John+S%3BChen%2C+Jeffrey%3BSchaef%2C+H+Todd%3BThompson%2C+Chris+J%3BBenezeth%2C+Pascale%3BIlton%2C+Eugene%3BQafoku%2C+Odeta%3BRosso%2C+Kevin+M%3BFelmy%2C+Andrew+R&rft.aulast=Loring&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=&rft.spage=158&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Program+and+Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Clay+Minerals+Society&rft.issn=15502244&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; cap rocks; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; chemical reactions; clastic sediments; clay; clay mineralogy; clay minerals; concentration; crystal chemistry; crystal structure; geochemistry; hydration; mineral interlayer; molecular dynamics; molecular structure; montmorillonite; partitioning; saturation; sediments; sheet silicates; silicates; supercritical fluids; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Supercritical CO (sub 2) -brine-clay mineral interactions during geologic CO (sub 2) sequestration AN - 1832674758; 768086-95 JF - Program and Abstracts - Annual Meeting of the Clay Minerals Society AU - Jun, Young-Shin AU - Hu, Yandi AU - Shao, Hongbo AU - Ray, Jessica R AU - ? Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 115 PB - Clay Minerals Society, Aurora, CO VL - 50 SN - 1550-2244, 1550-2244 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832674758?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Program+and+Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Clay+Minerals+Society&rft.atitle=Supercritical+CO+%28sub+2%29+-brine-clay+mineral+interactions+during+geologic+CO+%28sub+2%29+sequestration&rft.au=Jun%2C+Young-Shin%3BHu%2C+Yandi%3BShao%2C+Hongbo%3BRay%2C+Jessica+R%3B%3F&rft.aulast=Jun&rft.aufirst=Young-Shin&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=&rft.spage=115&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Program+and+Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Clay+Minerals+Society&rft.issn=15502244&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Annual meeting of the Clay Minerals Society N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biological oxidation of iron(II) in microbially reduced nontronite coupled with nitrate reduction by Pseudogulbenkiania sp. strain 2002 AN - 1832674384; 768087-126 JF - Program and Abstracts - Annual Meeting of the Clay Minerals Society AU - Zhao, Linduo AU - Dong, Hailiang AU - Kukkadapu, Ravi AU - Agrawal, Abinash AU - Liu, Deng AU - Zhang, Jing AU - Edelmann, Richard E Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 267 PB - Clay Minerals Society, Aurora, CO VL - 50 SN - 1550-2244, 1550-2244 KW - silicates KW - biodegradation KW - geomicrobiology KW - biochemistry KW - oxidation KW - nitrates KW - coupling KW - Pseudogulbenkiania KW - nontronite KW - iron KW - ferrous iron KW - clay minerals KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - sheet silicates KW - reduction KW - Eh KW - microorganisms KW - 01A:General mineralogy KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832674384?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Program+and+Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Clay+Minerals+Society&rft.atitle=Biological+oxidation+of+iron%28II%29+in+microbially+reduced+nontronite+coupled+with+nitrate+reduction+by+Pseudogulbenkiania+sp.+strain+2002&rft.au=Zhao%2C+Linduo%3BDong%2C+Hailiang%3BKukkadapu%2C+Ravi%3BAgrawal%2C+Abinash%3BLiu%2C+Deng%3BZhang%2C+Jing%3BEdelmann%2C+Richard+E&rft.aulast=Zhao&rft.aufirst=Linduo&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=&rft.spage=267&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Program+and+Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Clay+Minerals+Society&rft.issn=15502244&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biochemistry; biodegradation; clay minerals; coupling; Eh; ferrous iron; geomicrobiology; iron; metals; microorganisms; nitrates; nontronite; oxidation; Pseudogulbenkiania; reduction; sheet silicates; silicates ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Illite formation during geologic CO (sub 2) sequestration AN - 1832673609; 768086-94 JF - Program and Abstracts - Annual Meeting of the Clay Minerals Society AU - Jun, Young-Shin AU - Hu, Yandi AU - Shao, Hongbo AU - Garcia, Daniel J AU - Ray, Jessica R AU - ? Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 114 PB - Clay Minerals Society, Aurora, CO VL - 50 SN - 1550-2244, 1550-2244 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832673609?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Program+and+Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Clay+Minerals+Society&rft.atitle=Illite+formation+during+geologic+CO+%28sub+2%29+sequestration&rft.au=Jun%2C+Young-Shin%3BHu%2C+Yandi%3BShao%2C+Hongbo%3BGarcia%2C+Daniel+J%3BRay%2C+Jessica+R%3B%3F&rft.aulast=Jun&rft.aufirst=Young-Shin&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=&rft.spage=114&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Program+and+Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Clay+Minerals+Society&rft.issn=15502244&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Annual meeting of the Clay Minerals Society N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Climate Change and National Security AN - 1705065089; PQ0001785107 AB - Climate change is increasingly recognized as having national security implications, which has prompted dialogue between the climate change and national security communities-with resultant advantages and differences. Climate change research has proven useful to the national security community sponsors in several ways. It has opened security discussions to consider climate as well as political factors in studies of the future. It has encouraged factoring in the stresses placed on societies by climate changes (of any kind) to help assess the potential for state stability. And it has shown that changes such as increased heat, more intense storms, longer periods without rain, and earlier spring onset call for building climate resilience as part of building stability. For the climate change research community, studies from a national security point of view have revealed research lacunae, such as the lack of usable migration studies. This has also pushed the research community to consider second- and third-order impacts of climate change, such as migration and state stability, which broadens discussion of future impacts beyond temperature increases, severe storms, and sea level rise and affirms the importance of governance in responding to these changes. The increasing emphasis in climate change science toward research in vulnerability, resilience, and adaptation also frames what the intelligence and defense communities need to know, including where there are dependencies and weaknesses that may allow climate change impacts to result in security threats and where social and economic interventions can prevent climate change impacts and other stressors from resulting in social and political instability or collapse. JF - Weather, Climate, and Society AU - Malone, Elizabeth L AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Joint Global Change Research Institute, College Park, Maryland Y1 - 2013/01// PY - 2013 DA - January 2013 SP - 93 EP - 95 PB - 45 Beacon Street Boston, MA 02108-3693, Tel: 617-227-2425, Fax: 617-742-8718,, [mailto:amsinfo@ametsoc.org] VL - 5 IS - 1 SN - 1948-8335, 1948-8335 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Communications/decision making KW - Planning KW - Policy KW - Societal impacts KW - Weather KW - Sea level KW - Politics KW - Climate KW - Climate change KW - Sea level rise KW - Socioeconomics KW - Stress KW - Intervention KW - Migration KW - Storms KW - Intelligence KW - Security KW - Severe storms KW - Adaptability KW - Climate change research KW - Vulnerability KW - Instability KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1705065089?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Weather%2C+Climate%2C+and+Society&rft.atitle=Climate+Change+and+National+Security&rft.au=Malone%2C+Elizabeth+L&rft.aulast=Malone&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=93&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Weather%2C+Climate%2C+and+Society&rft.issn=19488335&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2FWCAS-D-12-00016.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-08-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Severe storms; Climate change research; Climate change; Sea level rise; Instability; Storms; Weather; Sea level; Politics; Climate; Intervention; Stress; Socioeconomics; Migration; Security; Intelligence; Adaptability; Vulnerability DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/WCAS-D-12-00016.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spatial distribution of geobacteraceae and sulfate-reducing bacteria during in situ bioremediation of uranium-contaminated groundwater AN - 1696876743; 2015-068217 AB - Analysis of the physiological status of subsurface microbial communities generally relies on the study of unattached microorganisms in the groundwater. These approaches have been employed in studies on bioremediation of uranium-contaminated groundwater at a study site in Rifle, Colorado, in which Geobacter species typically account for over 90 percent of the microbial community in the groundwater during active uranium reduction. However, to develop efficient in situ bioremediation strategies it is necessary to know the status of sediment-associated microorganisms as well. In order to evaluate the distribution of the natural community of Geobacter during bioremediation of uranium, subsurface sediments were packed into either passive flux meters (PFMs) or sediment columns deployed in groundwater monitoring wells prior to acetate injection during in situ biostimulation field trials. The trials were performed at the Department of Energy's (DOE's) Rifle Integrated Field Research Challenge site. Sediment samples were removed either during the peak of Fe(III) reduction or the peak of sulfate reduction over the course of two separate field experiments and preserved for microscopy. Direct cell counts using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) probes targeting Geobacter species indicated that the majority of Geobacter cells were unattached during Fe(III) reduction, which typically tracks with elevated rates of uranium reduction. Similar measurements conducted during the sulfate-reducing phase revealed the majority of Geobacter to be attached following exhaustion of more readily bioavailable forms of iron minerals. Laboratory sediment column studies confirmed observations made with sediment samples collected during field trials and indicated that during Fe(III) reduction, Geobacter species are primarily unattached (90 percent), whereas the majority of sulfate-reducing bacteria and Geobacter species are attached to sediment surfaces when sulfate reduction is the predominant form of metabolism (75 percent and 77 percent, respectively). In addition, artificial sediment experiments showed that pure cultures of Geobacter uraniireducens, isolated from the Rifle site, were primarily unattached once Fe(III) became scarce. These results demonstrate that, although Geobacter species must directly contact Fe(III) oxides in order to reduce them, cells do not firmly attach to the sediments, which is likely an adaptive response to sparsely and heterogeneously dispersed Fe(III) minerals in the subsurface. 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Abstract Copyright (2013), WileyPeriodicals,Inc. JF - Remediation (New York, NY) AU - Dar, Shabir A AU - Tan, Hui AU - Peacock, Aaron D AU - Jaffe, Peter AU - N'Guessan, Lucie AU - Williams, Kenneth H AU - Strycharz-Glaven, Sarah Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 31 EP - 49 PB - John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY VL - 23 IS - 2 SN - 1051-5658, 1051-5658 KW - United States KW - Geobacter KW - Garfield County Colorado KW - observation wells KW - bioavailability KW - iron KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - ferric iron KW - Rifle Colorado KW - fluorescence KW - sediments KW - water pollution KW - kinetics KW - experimental studies KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - biota KW - aquifers KW - case studies KW - ion chromatograms KW - metals KW - chromatograms KW - bacteria KW - uranium KW - Colorado KW - actinides KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1696876743?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Remediation+%28New+York%2C+NY%29&rft.atitle=Spatial+distribution+of+geobacteraceae+and+sulfate-reducing+bacteria+during+in+situ+bioremediation+of+uranium-contaminated+groundwater&rft.au=Dar%2C+Shabir+A%3BTan%2C+Hui%3BPeacock%2C+Aaron+D%3BJaffe%2C+Peter%3BN%27Guessan%2C+Lucie%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth+H%3BStrycharz-Glaven%2C+Sarah&rft.aulast=Dar&rft.aufirst=Shabir&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=31&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Remediation+%28New+York%2C+NY%29&rft.issn=10515658&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Frem.21347 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%291520-6831 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 42 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; aquifers; bacteria; bioavailability; bioremediation; biota; case studies; chromatograms; Colorado; experimental studies; ferric iron; fluorescence; Garfield County Colorado; Geobacter; ground water; ion chromatograms; iron; kinetics; metals; microorganisms; observation wells; pollution; remediation; Rifle Colorado; sediments; United States; uranium; water pollution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rem.21347 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Integrated analysis of hydrogeologic and biogeochemical processes controlling technetium mobility at the Hanford Site, Washington State, USA AN - 1549621057; 2014-057387 AB - Historic nuclear power and weapons operations resulted in an enduring legacy of approximately six billion cubic meters of radionuclide-contaminated soil and groundwater. Technetium ( (super 99) Tc) is one of the primary risk-driving contaminants and of the most problematic in the environment. At the Hanford Site, over 500 Ci of (super 99) Tc was released to the vadose zone as part of past site operations. However, the complex hydrogeology of the subsurface and associated biogeochemical cycles result in a variety of technical, scientific and financial challenges for (super 99) Tc remediation efforts. The mobility of (super 99) Tc in the geologic medium is mainly a result of redox chemistry. Long believed to exist as the pertechnatate anion (TcO (sub 4) (super -) ) and predicted to be highly mobile in the predominantly oxidizing groundwaters, with eventual discharge to the Columbia River, (super 99) Tc is one of the site's major risk-drivers for remediation.However, recent results have demonstrated the fractionation and persistance of (super 99) Tc through the existence of three different species. There are two primary means by which (super 99) Tc can be immobilized in subsurface environments: (1) indirect (abiotic) and (2) direct (biotic). Although much has been learned about the physiology and metabolic potential of single microbial species (pure cultures) that immobilize (super 99) Tc, major gaps exist in our understanding of the functioning of these and other microorganisms in natural and contaminated ecosystems. To this end , we will present results of an on-going multidsicplinary investigation that provides an integrated, comprehensive understanding of the hydrogeologic, and biogeochemical processes controlling (super 99) Tc behavior and fate in complex subsurface system. This information is further being used to develop tools that integrate the chemical and biological reaction network influencing the mobility of (super 99) Tc in the subsurface. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Wellman, Dawn M AU - Lee, M Hope AU - Jansik, Danielle P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 2480 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 77 IS - 5 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - United States KW - processes KW - technetium KW - Washington KW - isotopes KW - metabolism KW - biochemistry KW - oxidation KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - Tc-99 KW - remediation KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - geochemical cycle KW - controls KW - radioactive isotopes KW - soil pollution KW - metals KW - waste disposal KW - water pollution KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1549621057?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Integrated+analysis+of+hydrogeologic+and+biogeochemical+processes+controlling+technetium+mobility+at+the+Hanford+Site%2C+Washington+State%2C+USA&rft.au=Wellman%2C+Dawn+M%3BLee%2C+M+Hope%3BJansik%2C+Danielle+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wellman&rft.aufirst=Dawn&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=2480&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1180%2Fminmag.2013.077.5.23 L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2013 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biochemistry; controls; geochemical cycle; ground water; Hanford Site; isotopes; metabolism; metals; oxidation; pollution; processes; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; remediation; soil pollution; Tc-99; technetium; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington; waste disposal; water pollution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2013.077.5.23 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Linking fluvial processes and elemental cycling within the Old Rifle, CO aquifer AN - 1545410495; 2014-052556 AB - A successive series of biostimulation experiments within the Old Rifle, CO (USA) aquifer since 2002 have focused on biogeochemical pathways arising from organic carbon injection and its role in mediating the cycling of iron, manganese, sulfur, uranium, vanadium, arsenic, and selenium. While most have concentrated on reductive pathways and their impact on contaminant mobility, recent studies have begun to explore oxidative pathways and their impact on metals dynamics, carbon modification, and the long-term viability of reductive immobilization as a remedial strategy. Insights gained from such experiments have shed light on analogous natural biogeochemical pathways that mediate element cycling in the absence of exogenous carbon amendment. Within the aquifer, such pathways are often seasonal and correlate with excursions in groundwater elevation of 1-2 m associated with increased discharge in the Colorado River during spring/summer snowmelt. Imbibition of oxygen bubbles within the capillary fringe associated with such excursions is inferred to be the primary contributor to seasonally oxic groundwater, with its impact on redox-mediated reactions exhibiting close correspondence to intentional introduction of oxidants. Superimposed upon natural and artificial redox fluctuations are relic signatures of the depositional fabric of alluvial accumulation. Specifically, ferromanganese-encrusted cobbles accumulated as channel fill deposits serve as an effective vector for iron and manganese delivery during incipient accretion of the aquifer materials. Post-depositional redox processes and oxygen incursion associated with groundwater level fluctuations enable redistribution and mineralization of iron and manganese throughout the aquifer, with subsequent implications for carbon and metals transformations. Linking such pathways within the context of a 'porous subsurface bioreactor' constitutes an ambitious yet tractable means for quantifying elemental fluxes at the floodplain and potentially larger scales. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Williams, K H AU - Robbins, M J AU - Yabusaki, S B AU - Long, P E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 2500 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 77 IS - 5 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - United States KW - Garfield County Colorado KW - manganese KW - iron KW - ground water KW - Colorado River KW - Rifle Colorado KW - quantitative analysis KW - carbon KW - depositional environment KW - organic carbon KW - fabric KW - discharge KW - Eh KW - processes KW - experimental studies KW - biochemistry KW - oxidation KW - sedimentation KW - Old Rifle Aquifer KW - geochemical cycle KW - aquifers KW - fluctuations KW - metals KW - Colorado KW - fluvial environment KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1545410495?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Linking+fluvial+processes+and+elemental+cycling+within+the+Old+Rifle%2C+CO+aquifer&rft.au=Williams%2C+K+H%3BRobbins%2C+M+J%3BYabusaki%2C+S+B%3BLong%2C+P+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=2500&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1180%2Fminmag.2013.077.5.23 L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2013 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; biochemistry; carbon; Colorado; Colorado River; depositional environment; discharge; Eh; experimental studies; fabric; fluctuations; fluvial environment; Garfield County Colorado; geochemical cycle; ground water; iron; manganese; metals; Old Rifle Aquifer; organic carbon; oxidation; processes; quantitative analysis; Rifle Colorado; sedimentation; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2013.077.5.23 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Limited releases of U and Tc from Hanford tank residual wastes AN - 1542642152; 2014-045947 AB - Most of the Hanford Tank wastes in Washington, USA are expected to be retrieved, stabilized in an appropriate waste form and then disposed in a repository. Small amounts of residual wastes are expected to remain at the bottom of the tanks in a layer no more than 2.54 cm thick as slurry of solid precipitates. The current final stage of tank closure is planned to consist of the addition of cement or grout to stabilize the remaining wastes and tank structure. In this study, three different chemical treatment methods (lime [Ca(OH) (sub 2) ] addition, an in-situ Ceramicrete based on chemically bonded phosphate ceramics, and a ferrous Iron/Goethite treatment) were tested for their ability to stabilize residual Hanford C-202 tank wastes for reducing contaminant release of Tc and U in particular because they are key groundwater risk drivers. Leaching tests were conducted using a single-pass flow-through test (SPFT) system with 0.005 M Ca(OH) (sub 2) solution for untreated tank sample and C-202 wastes treated with three different chemical treatments. Technetium concentrations in leachates from tank C-202 residual waste treated with the Ca(OH) (sub 2) , Ceramicrete, and Goethite methods are shown in Fig.1. All three treatments methods effectively reduced the leachable Tc concentrations as well as U to well below untreated waste as a result of formation of insoluble secondary precipitates which can behave like mineral coatings. This innovative approach has the potential to revolutionize Hanford's tank retrieval processes, by allowing larger volumes of residual waste to be left inside tanks while providing an acceptably low level of risk with respect to contaminant release as well as significant cost savings. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Um, Wooyong AU - Cantrell, Kirk J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 2377 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 77 IS - 5 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - United States KW - technetium KW - Washington KW - metals KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - testing KW - uranium KW - waste disposal KW - leaching KW - actinides KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1542642152?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Limited+releases+of+U+and+Tc+from+Hanford+tank+residual+wastes&rft.au=Um%2C+Wooyong%3BCantrell%2C+Kirk+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Um&rft.aufirst=Wooyong&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=2377&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1180%2Fminmag.2013.077.5.21 L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2013 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; Hanford Site; leaching; metals; pollution; technetium; testing; United States; uranium; Washington; waste disposal DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2013.077.5.21 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biological diversity and potential in geothermal systems AN - 1529799500; 2014-034258 AB - Geothermal environments are very small in size and distribution on Earth, however, they play strategic role in the pursuit of novel microbial activity for industrial and energy related processes. Hot springs are natural ecosystems where microorganisms have adapted to high temperatures and unique geochemical environments, over centuries, making them ideal to study for understanding extreme ecosystems. Thermal features are also "target" environments for isolating novel and robust microorganisms for biotechnology and energy applications. Thermal environments have been a source of beneficial microorganisms, including the discovery of unique microorganisms and thermostable enzymes (e.g., Taq polymerase), for the degradation of biomass, and the production of lipases, and for algal biofuels. This presentation will include a brief overview of Yellowstone thermal areas, and results of interdisciplinary geochemical and microbial investigations in the Heart Lake Geyser Basin focused on characterization of unique microbial communities, microbes for enzyme discovery, and for algal biofuels applications. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Peyton, Brent AU - Lee, Hope AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 1963 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 77 IS - 5 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - biodiversity KW - technology KW - communities KW - characterization KW - ecosystems KW - Heart Lake Geyser basin KW - enzymes KW - thermal waters KW - ground water KW - organic compounds KW - geothermal systems KW - springs KW - applications KW - hot springs KW - proteins KW - microorganisms KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1529799500?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Biological+diversity+and+potential+in+geothermal+systems&rft.au=Peyton%2C+Brent%3BLee%2C+Hope%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Peyton&rft.aufirst=Brent&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1963&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1180%2Fminmag.2013.077.5.16 L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2013 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; biodiversity; characterization; communities; ecosystems; enzymes; geothermal systems; ground water; Heart Lake Geyser basin; hot springs; microorganisms; organic compounds; proteins; springs; technology; thermal waters DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2013.077.5.16 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of hafnium on glass structure and dissolution AN - 1529797063; 2014-034268 AB - Reactions that occur at the solid-water interface control the composition of the worlds fresh water, soil development and nutrient distribution, the cycling of elements in the Earth's Critical Zone, and to predict the impact from the disposal of vitrified nuclear waste. Recently, multi-scale or hybrid models, which capitalize on advancements in the understanding of solid-water interfacial reactions, have been used to better describe the macroscopic interactions occurring in the systems. However, knowledge gaps in the fundamental understanding of solid-water reactions impede the ability to accurately describe microscopic processes (e.g., sorption, surface layer formation, etc.) that represent the underlying phenomena controlling macroscopic reaction kinetics. An important step in improving our ability to accurately forecast radionuclide release from vitrified waste is to establish a link between the glass atomic-level structure and macroscopic dissolution behavior. This study extends the previous work by Pierce et al., by evaluating the effect the high-valence cation hafnium has on the structure and chemical durability of alkali aluminoborosilicate glass. Results from flow-through experiments show a approximately 100X decrease in the dissolution rate with increasing Hf content from 0 to 20 mol% HfO (sub 2) . The results also reveal a divergence in the magnitude between the average steady state rates measured in dilute and near-saturated conditions. Monte Carlo simulations indicate that the divergence in glass dissolution behavior results from the formation of a low coordination Si sites when Si from the saturated solution adsorbs to Hf on the glass surface. The residence time of the low coordination Si site is longer at the glass surface and increases the density of anchor sites from which altered layers with higher Si densities can form than in the absence of Hf. These results illustrate the importance of understanding solid-water/solid-fluid interactions by linking macroscopic reaction kinetics to nanometer scale interfacial processes. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Pierce, E M AU - Kerisit, S N AU - Angeli, F AU - Charpentier, T AU - Icenhower, J P AU - Hopf, J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 1968 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 77 IS - 5 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - coordination KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - solution KW - simulation KW - silicon KW - radioactive waste KW - geochemical cycle KW - hafnium KW - chemical reactions KW - metals KW - waste disposal KW - kinetics KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1529797063?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Effect+of+hafnium+on+glass+structure+and+dissolution&rft.au=Pierce%2C+E+M%3BKerisit%2C+S+N%3BAngeli%2C+F%3BCharpentier%2C+T%3BIcenhower%2C+J+P%3BHopf%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Pierce&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1968&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1180%2Fminmag.2013.077.5.16 L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2013 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical reactions; coordination; geochemical cycle; hafnium; kinetics; metals; Monte Carlo analysis; radioactive waste; silicon; simulation; solution; statistical analysis; waste disposal DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2013.077.5.16 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Understanding electron transfer at Fe-bearing mineral surfaces to optimize contaminant remediation AN - 1529794944; 2014-034214 AB - In order to use natural or engineered materials for contaminant sequestration, it is necessary to fully characterize the material in terms of its structure and reactivity. Even within a nanoparticle, elemental distribution can vary from the interior to the surface, thus surface sensitive techniques must be employed to probe mechanisms of interaction between the mineral phase and chemical/biological components present in the subsurface environment. Here, we present the use of model materials, as well as field samples, in combination with high-resolution spectroscopic and microscopic capabilities, to interrogate interfacial reactivity of Fe-bearing minerals with redox-active contaminants and electron-transfer proteins. A novel and well-characterized set of Fe (sub 3-x) Ti (sub x) O (sub 4) titanomagnetite nanoparticles was selected as the model mineral system. Replacement of Fe(III) by Ti(IV) in the lattice yield a naturally "tunable" solid-state Fe(II)/Fe(III) ratio, which in principle controls the thermodynamic reduction potential of the mineral phase. Also, the high specific surface area of the nanoparticles greatly improves experimental sensitivity to contaminant/protein interaction and accompanying changes to the solid surface. Nanoparticle properties such as size, morphology, crystallinity, element and valance distribution are characterized by STEM-EELS and micro-XRD. X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) is used to distinguish between Fe oxidation states and crystallographic sites at the reactive surface with a probing depth of approximately 4.5 nm ( approximately 5 unit cells). The mechanism and rate of heterogeneous electron transfer from Fe (sub 3-x) Ti (sub x) O (sub 4) nanoparticles, microparticles, and natural materials, isolated from Hanford nuclear reservation sediments, to Tc(VII) is investigated. Electron transfer at microbe-nanomaterial interfaces is characterized by examining the oxidation of Fe (sub 3-x) Ti (sub x) O (sub 4) nanoparticles by the bacterial electron transfer enzyme MtoA, a decaheme c-type cytochrome. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Pearce, C I AU - Liu, J AU - Kabius, B C AU - Arenholz, A AU - Rosso, K M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 1941 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 77 IS - 5 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - lattice KW - electron transfer KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - pollution KW - optimization KW - iron KW - remediation KW - ferrous iron KW - models KW - ferric iron KW - organic compounds KW - titanium KW - metals KW - crystal chemistry KW - proteins KW - nanoparticles KW - Eh KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1529794944?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Understanding+electron+transfer+at+Fe-bearing+mineral+surfaces+to+optimize+contaminant+remediation&rft.au=Pearce%2C+C+I%3BLiu%2C+J%3BKabius%2C+B+C%3BArenholz%2C+A%3BRosso%2C+K+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Pearce&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1941&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1180%2Fminmag.2013.077.5.16 L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2013 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - crystal chemistry; Eh; electron transfer; ferric iron; ferrous iron; iron; lattice; metals; models; nanoparticles; optimization; organic compounds; pollution; proteins; remediation; titanium; X-ray diffraction data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2013.077.5.16 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Kinetic model for quartz and spinel dissolution during melting of high-level-waste glass batch AN - 1524417216; 19562497 AB - The dissolution of quartz particles and the growth and dissolution of crystalline phases during the conversion of batch to glass potentially affects both the glass melting process and product quality. Crystals of spinel exiting the cold cap to molten glass below can be troublesome during the vitrification of iron-containing high-level wastes. To estimate the distribution of quartz and spinel fractions within the cold cap. we used kinetic models that relate fractions of these phases to temperature and heating rate. Fitting the model equations to data showed that the heating rate, apart from affecting quartz and spinel behavior directly, also affects them indirectly via concurrent processes, such as the formation and motion of bubbles. Because of these indirect effects, it was necessary to allow one kinetic parameter (the pre-exponential factor) to vary with the heating rate. The resulting kinetic equations are sufficiently simple for the detailed modeling of batch-to-glass conversion as it occurs in glass melters. The estimated fractions and sizes of quartz and spinel particles as they leave the cold cap, determined in this study, will provide the source terms needed for modeling the behavior of these solid particles within the flow of molten glass in the melter. JF - Journal of Nuclear Materials AU - Pokorny, Richard AU - Rice, Jarrett A AU - Crum, Jarrod V AU - Schweiger, Michael J AU - Hrma, Pavel AD - Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology in Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic, pavel.hrma@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 230 EP - 235 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 443 IS - 1-3 SN - 0022-3115, 0022-3115 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Kinetics KW - Radioactive materials KW - Temperature KW - Particulates KW - Waste management KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1524417216?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.atitle=Kinetic+model+for+quartz+and+spinel+dissolution+during+melting+of+high-level-waste+glass+batch&rft.au=Pokorny%2C+Richard%3BRice%2C+Jarrett+A%3BCrum%2C+Jarrod+V%3BSchweiger%2C+Michael+J%3BHrma%2C+Pavel&rft.aulast=Pokorny&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=443&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=230&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials&rft.issn=00223115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jnucmat.2013.07.039 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-05-01 N1 - Number of references - 37 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Kinetics; Radioactive materials; Temperature; Particulates; Waste management DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2013.07.039 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of aqueous phosphate on U(VI) sorption AN - 1510395312; 2014-019440 AB - Uranium contamination of soils and groundwater has resulted from past mining, processing, and waste disposal activities. Among the in-situ remediation strategies for oxic subsurface environments, phosphate-based treatments have generated significant interest. The soluble uranyl ion [U(VI)O (sub 2) (super 2+) ], stable in oxidizing environments, has a strong affinity for phosphate, which can potentially reduce its aqueous concentrations by promoting the nucleation of low-solubility U(VI)-phosphate minerals or by enhancing U(VI) sorption to subsurface minerals. We investigated the effect of aqueous phosphate on U(VI) sorption on montmorillonite (Clay Mineral Society source clay SWy-2) and goethite. Both minerals are important components in the reactive fine fraction of soils and sediments at sites contaminated with uranium. We determined U(VI) adsorption isotherms at several pH conditions and initial [PO (sub 4) (super 3-) ]. Uranium speciation was further investigated using U L (sub III) -edge EXAFS and Time Resolved Laser Fluorescence spectroscopies. A series of possible competing and cooperating reactions may occur in the presence of U(VI) and phosphate, including the formation of U(VI)-phosphate precipitates, U(VI)-phosphate ternary surface complexation, and surface site competition between U(VI) and phosphate. Formation of uranyl-phosphate minerals was observed in the presence of either goethite or montmorillonite. Before the onset of precipitation however, our results show contrasting behavior between these two systems. While phosphate does not substantially influence the extent of U adsorption on montmorillonite, it was found to enhance U sorption on goethite at pH 4 and to inhibit it at pH 8. These observed differences indicate that the specific mineralogy of a contaminated field site could greatly influence the applicability of phosphate-based uranium remediation. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Maillot, F AU - Mehta, V AU - Catalano, J G AU - Giammar, D E AU - Wang, Z AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 1673 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 77 IS - 5 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - silicates KW - sorption KW - in situ KW - goethite KW - pollutants KW - oxidation KW - uranyl ion KW - pollution KW - remediation KW - clay minerals KW - nucleation KW - soil pollution KW - metals KW - EXAFS data KW - oxides KW - sheet silicates KW - uranium KW - water pollution KW - actinides KW - pH KW - montmorillonite KW - chemical fractionation KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1510395312?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Effects+of+aqueous+phosphate+on+U%28VI%29+sorption&rft.au=Maillot%2C+F%3BMehta%2C+V%3BCatalano%2C+J+G%3BGiammar%2C+D+E%3BWang%2C+Z%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Maillot&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1673&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1180%2Fminmag.2013.077.5.13 L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2013 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; chemical fractionation; clay minerals; EXAFS data; goethite; in situ; metals; montmorillonite; nucleation; oxidation; oxides; pH; pollutants; pollution; remediation; sheet silicates; silicates; soil pollution; sorption; uranium; uranyl ion; water pollution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2013.077.5.13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fatigue in Highway Construction Workers: Risks and Countermeasures in Rapid Renewal Project Schedules AN - 1505350440; 19317538 AB - This paper describes findings from a field study conducted during the first phase of a 3-year project sponsored by the SHRP 2 Renewal Program that investigated the problem of worker and manager fatigue on highway construction sites that use rapid renewal practices. The field study included interviews with 20 subject matter experts, contractors, and state departments of transportation representatives, and a survey of 47 employees measuring work and sleep schedules, attitudes about fatigue, fatigue levels, and fatigue countermeasures employed. Worker and manager fatigue was found to be a problem on highway construction sites that was exacerbated by accelerated construction practices such as night work and weekend closures. This problem was widely acknowledged by both management and labor. Methods for dealing with fatigue were found to be informal, and there was wide variability in attitudes about fatigue. Fatigue countermeasures relevant to highway construction have been studied in other contexts and are already practiced in other industries. Therefore, a set of specific fatigue countermeasures, targeted at the rapid renewal environment, could be developed. The set would be comprised of management interventions (e.g., fatigue training, work scheduling aids, incident reporting and review) and individual interventions (e.g., sleep hygiene, napping, use of caffeine). An integrated fatigue risk management program for rapid renewal projects would include (a) work scheduling and work practice guidance based on the science of fatigue, (b) organizational practice guidance, (c) fatigue management reference materials, (d) training materials for managers and workers, and (e) outreach materials for raising awareness. JF - Transportation Research Record AU - Jackson, J Elizabeth AU - Sanquist, Thomas AU - Campbell, John AU - Lee, Eul-Bum AU - Van Dongen, Hans P A AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Battelle Memorial Institute, Suite 400, 1100 Dexter Avenue North, Seattle, WA 98109, jacksonje@battelle.org. Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 11 EP - 18 PB - Transportation Research Board IS - 2347 SN - 0361-1981, 0361-1981 KW - Risk Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Fatigue KW - Contracts KW - Training KW - Intervention KW - Risk management KW - Attitudes KW - Transportation KW - Reviews KW - Caffeine KW - Hygiene KW - Highways KW - Construction industry KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1505350440?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transportation+Research+Record&rft.atitle=Fatigue+in+Highway+Construction+Workers%3A+Risks+and+Countermeasures+in+Rapid+Renewal+Project+Schedules&rft.au=Jackson%2C+J+Elizabeth%3BSanquist%2C+Thomas%3BCampbell%2C+John%3BLee%2C+Eul-Bum%3BVan+Dongen%2C+Hans+P+A&rft.aulast=Jackson&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=2347&rft.spage=11&rft.isbn=9780309263429&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transportation+Research+Record&rft.issn=03611981&rft_id=info:doi/10.3141%2F2347-02 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-03-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk management; Attitudes; Transportation; Fatigue; Contracts; Training; Reviews; Intervention; Caffeine; Hygiene; Highways; Construction industry DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2347-02 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of prokaryotes and community dynamics in Alvord Desert hot springs AN - 1492587943; 2014-005827 AB - The Alvord Desert, located in southeastern Oregon, is composed of springs which are near neutral and/or basic, and are driven by tectonic dilation of range-front faults. The thermal springs within the Alvord Desert discharge sodium-bicarbonate-chloride type water and maintain high concentrations of sulfate and chloride. Microbiological enrichments have resulted in the culturing of several organisms with biogeochemical significance including sulfate-reducing bacteria, and YeAs-1, a novel arsenic-reducing Archaea. Strain AlSe is a novel selenium-reducing thermophilic bacterium that is only 96% similar to Carboxydocella thermoautotrophica,; AlSe has the ability to utilize organic carbon. A strain of Thermus spp., OPOC, was isolated, and can oxidize As(III) and reduce As(V), as well as respire on Fe(III). Zymography and proteomics confirms the expression of both arsenite oxidase (Aio) and respiratory arsenate reductase (Arr), as well as large-mass c-type cytochromes that may serve as electron transport components for Fe(III) respiration. Aerobic prokaryotes, including multiple species of Anoxybacillus, methanogen and methanotroph organisms have also been isolated. Together these efforts show that this ecosystem maintains a broad diversity of uncultivated microorganisms and metabolic pathways. It is expected that with continued mining of organisms, there is potential for discovering novel metabolisms that have significant implications for next-generation technologies, including carbon sequestration, biofuels, and the development of bioconversion processes yet to be conceived. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Lee, M Hope AU - Magnuson, Timothy AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 1570 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 77 IS - 5 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - United States KW - communities KW - metabolism KW - biochemistry KW - prokaryotes KW - hydrochemistry KW - thermal waters KW - ground water KW - Alvord Desert KW - Oregon KW - springs KW - reduction KW - hot springs KW - geochemistry KW - faults KW - microorganisms KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1492587943?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+prokaryotes+and+community+dynamics+in+Alvord+Desert+hot+springs&rft.au=Lee%2C+M+Hope%3BMagnuson%2C+Timothy%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1570&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1180%2Fminmag.2013.077.5.12 L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2013 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alvord Desert; biochemistry; communities; faults; geochemistry; ground water; hot springs; hydrochemistry; metabolism; microorganisms; Oregon; prokaryotes; reduction; springs; thermal waters; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2013.077.5.12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prediction of effects of acetogens on hot spring biogeochemistry AN - 1492586337; 2014-005816 AB - Acetogens are a broad category of obligately anaerobic bacteria that are found in a variety of ecosystems and are able to use diverse electron donors and acceptors. Activity of acetogens has been studied in many terrestrial environments, but the activity of acetogens in hot spring environments is not well understood. For this reason, acetogens in hot spring may have a wider impact on hot spring geochemical cycles and microbial populations, beyond just acetogenic activity. One method to predict the impacts of versatile metabolisms on the flow of energy and material through microbial systems is metabolic stoichiometric modeling, which extracts systemic information from molecular-level network structure and conservation relationships, depending on electron donors and acceptors in the growth environment. To test this hypothesis, an initial model has been constructed from the annotated genome of the well-studied acetogen, Moorella thermoacetica, and the output data have been sorted against various cellular strategies, including maximal efficiency of biomass yield per substrate, and substrate consumption in the presence of high exogenous concentrations of produced metabolites. Output from such models has successfully predicted substrate concentrations that yield elevated ethanol production, as opposed to acetate, when M. thermoacetica was grown on CO (sub 2) and H (sub 2.) This research has shown the utility of metabolic modeling in predicting electron donor and acceptor use and production of organic acids and alcohol in the M. thermoacetica. These types of models will help to predict the effects of acetogenic activity on the overall biogeochemistry in hot spring environments. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Lee, Brady D AU - Aston, John E AU - Lee, Michelle H AU - Apel, William A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 1564 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 77 IS - 5 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - biomass KW - metabolism KW - biochemistry KW - ecosystems KW - hydrochemistry KW - thermal waters KW - ground water KW - anaerobic taxa KW - bacteria KW - Moorella thermoacetica KW - springs KW - hot springs KW - acetogens KW - geochemistry KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1492586337?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Prediction+of+effects+of+acetogens+on+hot+spring+biogeochemistry&rft.au=Lee%2C+Brady+D%3BAston%2C+John+E%3BLee%2C+Michelle+H%3BApel%2C+William+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Brady&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1564&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1180%2Fminmag.2013.077.5.12 L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2013 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acetogens; anaerobic taxa; bacteria; biochemistry; biomass; ecosystems; geochemistry; ground water; hot springs; hydrochemistry; metabolism; Moorella thermoacetica; springs; thermal waters DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2013.077.5.12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reduction of aqueous U (super VI) by Fe (super II) ; effect of Ti (super IV) on the speciation of U (super IV) AN - 1492586333; 2014-005793 AB - The solubility and mobility of uranium, a radionuclide contaminant at many sites, is highly dependent on its valence state and speciation. Transformation of aqueous U(VI) to U(IV) under the (bio-)reducing conditions found in many subsurface environments can decrease U solubility due to the precipitation of U(IV) dioxide (uraninite), a process that has been studied extensively for uranium remediation. However, recent evidence suggests that U(VI) reduction can produce complexed U(IV) species in the solid phase, such as U(IV)-phosphate precipitates or surface-adsorbed U(IV) atoms. The molecular speciation and the stability of non-uraninite U(IV) phases is poorly understood, even though this knowledge is essential in predicting uranium behavior at contaminated sites or in the design of nuclear waste repositories. As part of understanding uranium transformations under iron reducing conditions, we examined the reduction of U(VI) by Fe(II) in the presence of Ti(IV). Ti(IV) is commonly present in natural magnetite and has been observed in the magnetic sediment fraction at the Hanford nuclear site. Titanium-doped magnetite nanoparticles of varying Ti content (Fe (sub 3-x) Ti (sub x) O (sub 4) , 0 C at the pore-scale, and its effective behavior on the mesoscale, as a paradigmatic case that allow us to provide a connection between local mixing properties and global reaction kinetics. JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - de Anna, Pietro AU - le Borgne, Tanguy AU - Dentz, Marco AU - Tartakovsky, Alexandre AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2013 PY - 2013 DA - 2013 SP - 955 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 77 IS - 5 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - reactivity KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - dynamics KW - mixing KW - reactive transport KW - porous materials KW - mass transfer KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - porosity KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1469614026?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Anomalous+kinetics+of+reactive+fronts+in+porous+media&rft.au=de+Anna%2C+Pietro%3Ble+Borgne%2C+Tanguy%3BDentz%2C+Marco%3BTartakovsky%2C+Alexandre%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=de+Anna&rft.aufirst=Pietro&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=955&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1180%2Fminmag.2013.077.5.4 L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2013 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-12-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical reactions; dynamics; geochemistry; kinetics; mass transfer; mixing; porosity; porous materials; reactive transport; reactivity; transport DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2013.077.5.4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Institutionalizing Sustainability: Implementation Of Executive Order 13,514 And Its Impact On The Environmental, Economic, And Social Performance Of Pacific Northwest National Laboratory AN - 1373424832; 201322741 AB - This article presents an overview of the E.O. requirements and describes how those requirements have been implemented at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) national laboratory operated by Battelle Memorial Institute in Richland, Washington. Based on PNNL's experience, this article discusses the effectiveness of the E.O. construct in reinforcing some of PNNL's existing broad sustainability objectives and encouraging institutional change to embed sustainability decision-making in the PNNL business model. The article concludes with an analysis of the limits of the E.O. and other sustainability models, and the future challenges any large sustainability programs may face. Adapted from the source document. JF - Notre Dame Journal of Law, Ethics & Public Policy AU - Widder, Sarah AD - Research Engineer, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory operated by Battelle Memorial Institute for the U.S. Department of Energy Y1 - 2013///0, PY - 2013 DA - 0, 2013 SP - 229 EP - 245 PB - Notre Dame Law School, Notre Dame IN VL - 27 IS - 1 SN - 0883-3648, 0883-3648 KW - Western States KW - Energy KW - Laboratories KW - Executive Order KW - Performance KW - Decision Making KW - Implementation KW - Institutes KW - Effectiveness KW - article KW - 9261: public policy/administration; public policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1373424832?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Notre+Dame+Journal+of+Law%2C+Ethics+%26+Public+Policy&rft.atitle=Institutionalizing+Sustainability%3A+Implementation+Of+Executive+Order+13%2C514+And+Its+Impact+On+The+Environmental%2C+Economic%2C+And+Social+Performance+Of+Pacific+Northwest+National+Laboratory&rft.au=Widder%2C+Sarah&rft.aulast=Widder&rft.aufirst=Sarah&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=229&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Notre+Dame+Journal+of+Law%2C+Ethics+%26+Public+Policy&rft.issn=08833648&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2013-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - NDJPEM N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Laboratories; Western States; Effectiveness; Performance; Implementation; Executive Order; Institutes; Energy; Decision Making ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimated copy number of Bacillus anthracis plasmids pXO1 and pXO2 using digital PCR AN - 1268654676; 17491849 AB - We evaluated digital PCR (dPCR) to directly enumerate plasmid and chromosome copies in three strains of Bacillus anthracis. Copy number estimates based on conventional quantitative PCR (qPCR) highlighted the variability of using qPCR to measure copy number whereas estimates based on direct sequencing are comparable to dPCR. JF - Journal of Microbiological Methods AU - Straub, Timothy AU - Baird, Cheryl AU - Bartholomew, Rachel A AU - Colburn, Heather AU - Seiner, Derrick AU - Victry, Kristin AU - Zhang, Li AU - Bruckner-Lea, Cynthia J AD - Chemical and Biological Signature Sciences Group, National Security Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999 MS P750, Richland, WA 99354, United States, Timothy.Straub@pnnl.gov Y1 - 2013/01// PY - 2013 DA - Jan 2013 SP - 9 EP - 10 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 92 IS - 1 SN - 0167-7012, 0167-7012 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Chromosomes KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Bacillus anthracis KW - Plasmids KW - copy number KW - G 07770:Bacteria KW - A 01300:Methods KW - J 02300:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1268654676?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Microbiological+Methods&rft.atitle=Estimated+copy+number+of+Bacillus+anthracis+plasmids+pXO1+and+pXO2+using+digital+PCR&rft.au=Straub%2C+Timothy%3BBaird%2C+Cheryl%3BBartholomew%2C+Rachel+A%3BColburn%2C+Heather%3BSeiner%2C+Derrick%3BVictry%2C+Kristin%3BZhang%2C+Li%3BBruckner-Lea%2C+Cynthia+J&rft.aulast=Straub&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft.volume=92&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=9&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Microbiological+Methods&rft.issn=01677012&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.mimet.2012.10.013 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chromosomes; Polymerase chain reaction; Plasmids; copy number; Bacillus anthracis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mimet.2012.10.013 ER -