TY - JOUR T1 - Changes in snowmelt runoff timing in Western North America under a "business as usual" climate change scenario AN - 51510162; 2007-007208 JF - Climatic Change AU - Stewart, Iris T AU - Cayan, Daniel R AU - Dettinger, Michael D A2 - Pennell, William A2 - Barnett, Tim Y1 - 2004/02// PY - 2004 DA - February 2004 SP - 217 EP - 232 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 62 IS - 1-3 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - United States KW - North America KW - geologic hazards KW - water management KW - Parallel Climate Model KW - western North America KW - climate change KW - modern KW - Canada KW - Western U.S. KW - regional KW - future KW - snow KW - runoff KW - floods KW - Western Canada KW - seasonal variations KW - water resources KW - Rocky Mountains KW - climate KW - meltwater KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51510162?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=Changes+in+snowmelt+runoff+timing+in+Western+North+America+under+a+%22business+as+usual%22+climate+change+scenario&rft.au=Stewart%2C+Iris+T%3BCayan%2C+Daniel+R%3BDettinger%2C+Michael+D&rft.aulast=Stewart&rft.aufirst=Iris&rft.date=2004-02-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=217&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hc4pmh453vbxpeaygjkevi45)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100247,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CLCHDX N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Canada; climate; climate change; floods; future; geologic hazards; meltwater; modern; North America; Parallel Climate Model; regional; Rocky Mountains; runoff; seasonal variations; snow; United States; water management; water resources; Western Canada; western North America; Western U.S. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effects of climate change on water resources in the West AN - 51509390; 2007-007204 JF - Climatic Change A2 - Pennell, William A2 - Barnett, Tim Y1 - 2004/02// PY - 2004 DA - February 2004 SP - 1 EP - 418 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 62 IS - 1-3 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - United States KW - water supply KW - Western U.S. KW - climate effects KW - water resources KW - climate change KW - climate KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51509390?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-02-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+effects+of+climate+change+on+water+resources+in+the+West&rft.title=The+effects+of+climate+change+on+water+resources+in+the+West&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hc4pmh453vbxpeaygjkevi45)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100247,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Individual papers within scope are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CLCHDX N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - climate; climate change; climate effects; United States; water resources; water supply; Western U.S. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mitigating the effects of climate change on the water resources of the Columbia River basin AN - 51509234; 2007-007205 JF - Climatic Change AU - Payne, Jeffrey T AU - Wood, Andrew W AU - Hamlet, Alan F AU - Palmer, Richard N AU - Lettenmaier, Dennis P A2 - Pennell, William A2 - Barnett, Tim Y1 - 2004/02// PY - 2004 DA - February 2004 SP - 233 EP - 256 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 62 IS - 1-3 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - United States KW - data processing KW - coupling KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - climate change KW - Oregon KW - mitigation KW - hydrologic cycle KW - future KW - Columbia River basin KW - snow KW - digital simulation KW - climate effects KW - greenhouse effect KW - Nevada KW - Idaho KW - general circulation models KW - Washington KW - reservoirs KW - prediction KW - Parallel Climate Model KW - British Columbia KW - Montana KW - gases KW - Wyoming KW - Canada KW - regional KW - Western Canada KW - Utah KW - seasonal variations KW - land-atmosphere-ocean models KW - water resources KW - meltwater KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51509234?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=Mitigating+the+effects+of+climate+change+on+the+water+resources+of+the+Columbia+River+basin&rft.au=Payne%2C+Jeffrey+T%3BWood%2C+Andrew+W%3BHamlet%2C+Alan+F%3BPalmer%2C+Richard+N%3BLettenmaier%2C+Dennis+P&rft.aulast=Payne&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rft.date=2004-02-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=233&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hc4pmh453vbxpeaygjkevi45)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100247,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 32 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) Contrib. No. 922 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CLCHDX N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmospheric precipitation; British Columbia; Canada; climate change; climate effects; Columbia River basin; coupling; data processing; digital simulation; future; gases; general circulation models; greenhouse effect; hydrologic cycle; Idaho; land-atmosphere-ocean models; meltwater; mitigation; Montana; Nevada; Oregon; Parallel Climate Model; prediction; regional; reservoirs; seasonal variations; snow; United States; Utah; Washington; water resources; Western Canada; Wyoming ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potential implications of PCM climate change scenarios for Sacramento-San Joaquin River basin hydrology and water resources AN - 51508807; 2007-007206 JF - Climatic Change AU - Vanrheenen, Nathan T AU - Wood, Andrew W AU - Palmer, Richard N AU - Lettenmaier, Dennis P A2 - Pennell, William A2 - Barnett, Tim Y1 - 2004/02// PY - 2004 DA - February 2004 SP - 257 EP - 281 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 62 IS - 1-3 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - United States KW - general circulation models KW - water management KW - Parallel Climate Model KW - climate change KW - modern KW - Central Valley KW - California KW - Sacramento Basin KW - infiltration KW - future KW - snow KW - San Joaquin Basin KW - drainage basins KW - climate effects KW - seasonal variations KW - water resources KW - climate KW - meltwater KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51508807?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=Potential+implications+of+PCM+climate+change+scenarios+for+Sacramento-San+Joaquin+River+basin+hydrology+and+water+resources&rft.au=Vanrheenen%2C+Nathan+T%3BWood%2C+Andrew+W%3BPalmer%2C+Richard+N%3BLettenmaier%2C+Dennis+P&rft.aulast=Vanrheenen&rft.aufirst=Nathan&rft.date=2004-02-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=257&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hc4pmh453vbxpeaygjkevi45)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100247,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 32 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) Contrib. No. 923 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CLCHDX N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; Central Valley; climate; climate change; climate effects; drainage basins; future; general circulation models; infiltration; meltwater; modern; Parallel Climate Model; Sacramento Basin; San Joaquin Basin; seasonal variations; snow; United States; water management; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effects of climate change on the hydrology and water resources of the Colorado River basin AN - 51508550; 2007-007209 JF - Climatic Change AU - Christensen, Niklas S AU - Wood, Andrew W AU - Voisin, Nathalie AU - Lettenmaier, Dennis P AU - Palmer, Richard N A2 - Pennell, William A2 - Barnett, Tim Y1 - 2004/02// PY - 2004 DA - February 2004 SP - 337 EP - 363 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 62 IS - 1-3 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - United States KW - water storage KW - Colorado River basin KW - water management KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - New Mexico KW - climate change KW - modern KW - hydrologic cycle KW - climate effects KW - Nevada KW - climate KW - hydrology KW - reservoirs KW - Colorado Plateau KW - Wyoming KW - Mexico KW - streamflow KW - planning KW - runoff KW - Arizona KW - Utah KW - Colorado KW - water resources KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51508550?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=The+effects+of+climate+change+on+the+hydrology+and+water+resources+of+the+Colorado+River+basin&rft.au=Christensen%2C+Niklas+S%3BWood%2C+Andrew+W%3BVoisin%2C+Nathalie%3BLettenmaier%2C+Dennis+P%3BPalmer%2C+Richard+N&rft.aulast=Christensen&rft.aufirst=Niklas&rft.date=2004-02-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=337&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hc4pmh453vbxpeaygjkevi45)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100247,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CLCHDX N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Arizona; atmospheric precipitation; climate; climate change; climate effects; Colorado; Colorado Plateau; Colorado River basin; hydrologic cycle; hydrology; Mexico; modern; Nevada; New Mexico; planning; reservoirs; runoff; streamflow; United States; Utah; water management; water resources; water storage; Wyoming ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simulated hydrologic responses to climate variations and change in the Merced, Carson, and American River Basins, Sierra Nevada, California, 1900-2099 AN - 51508108; 2007-007207 JF - Climatic Change AU - Dettinger, Michael D AU - Cayan, Daniel R AU - Meyer, Mary K AU - Jeton, Anne E A2 - Pennell, William A2 - Barnett, Tim Y1 - 2004/02// PY - 2004 DA - February 2004 SP - 283 EP - 317 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 62 IS - 1-3 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - United States KW - Sierra Nevada KW - data processing KW - global change KW - climate change KW - modern KW - California KW - hydrologic cycle KW - American River basin KW - snow KW - digital simulation KW - drainage basins KW - diurnal variations KW - Carson River basin KW - climate KW - global warming KW - Placer County California KW - hydrology KW - general circulation models KW - monthly variations KW - annual variations KW - Parallel Climate Model KW - Mariposa County California KW - runoff KW - Yosemite National Park KW - Merced River basin KW - meltwater KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51508108?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=Simulated+hydrologic+responses+to+climate+variations+and+change+in+the+Merced%2C+Carson%2C+and+American+River+Basins%2C+Sierra+Nevada%2C+California%2C+1900-2099&rft.au=Dettinger%2C+Michael+D%3BCayan%2C+Daniel+R%3BMeyer%2C+Mary+K%3BJeton%2C+Anne+E&rft.aulast=Dettinger&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2004-02-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=283&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hc4pmh453vbxpeaygjkevi45)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100247,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 43 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CLCHDX N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - American River basin; annual variations; California; Carson River basin; climate; climate change; data processing; digital simulation; diurnal variations; drainage basins; general circulation models; global change; global warming; hydrologic cycle; hydrology; Mariposa County California; meltwater; Merced River basin; modern; monthly variations; Parallel Climate Model; Placer County California; runoff; Sierra Nevada; snow; United States; Yosemite National Park ER - TY - BOOK T1 - International Cooperation on Environmental Issues in the Puget Sound/Georgia Basin: What Environmental Issues Could Threaten Regional Security? AN - 18040176; 5870660 AB - Security is a growing concern worldwide, and homeland security has captured the attention of the United States over the past year and a half. In addition, awareness of the concept of environmental security--the notion that environmental degradation may have security implications--has been growing over the past decade. Internationally, environmental issues have direct links to security, as evidenced by the Middle East water disputes. While environmental security has not historically been a topic of major concern within the national boundaries of the United States or Canada, the environmental and development challenges that we're facing in the Puget Sound/Georgia Basin (PS/GB), coupled with this growing concern for security, prompted a query to consider whether environmental or natural resource problems could pose a serious threat to regional cooperation or stability in the PS/GB and, hence, deserve more attention from regional decision-makers. This discussion is expected to provide a useful focus for future collaboration and integration in the PS/GB. JF - 2003 Georgia Basin/Puget Sound Resarch Conference Proceedings AU - Lesperance, A AU - Judd, K AU - Peterson, N A2 - Droscher, TW A2 - Fraser, DA (eds) Y1 - 2004/02// PY - 2004 DA - February 2004 PB - Puget Sound Action Team, PO Box 40900 Olympia WA 98504 USA KW - national security KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - International cooperation KW - Natural resources KW - Environmental impact KW - INE, USA, Washington, Puget Sound KW - Disputes KW - Resource development KW - INE, Canada, British Columbia, Georgia Basin KW - National planning KW - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation KW - Q1 08121:Law, policy, economics and social sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18040176?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Aquatic+Science+%26+Fisheries+Abstracts+%28ASFA%29+3%3A+Aquatic+Pollution+%26+Environmental+Quality&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Lesperance%2C+A%3BJudd%2C+K%3BPeterson%2C+N&rft.aulast=Lesperance&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2004-02-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=International+Cooperation+on+Environmental+Issues+in+the+Puget+Sound%2FGeorgia+Basin%3A+What+Environmental+Issues+Could+Threaten+Regional+Security%3F&rft.title=International+Cooperation+on+Environmental+Issues+in+the+Puget+Sound%2FGeorgia+Basin%3A+What+Environmental+Issues+Could+Threaten+Regional+Security%3F&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-21 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Assessing Overwater Structure-related Predation on Juvenile Salmon: A Field Study and Protocol for Weighing the Evidence AN - 18033947; 5870797 AB - Large overwater structures have often been cited as potential migratory barriers and areas of increased predation for juvenile salmon migrating along shallow shoreline habitats, although conclusive evidence has not been demonstrated to date in situ. To help resolve this issue, Washington State Ferries (WSF) sponsored directed research to determine whether WSF terminals affect predation on juvenile salmon. We used a combination of standardized surveys, stomach content analyses, and new observational technologies to assess fish, avian, and mammal predation on salmon fry at ferry terminals and paired reference sites during periods of pre- (early April) and peak (May) outmigration. We observed no significant aggregation of potential bird or mammal predators at six ferry terminal study sites. Few potential fish predators were documented in SCUBA surveys, beach seines, or with a Dual frequency IDentification SONar (DIDSON) camera at Mukilteo, our single underwater study location. Only one instance of salmon predation by fish (staghorn sculpin - Leptocottus armatus) was confirmed, and this was at the corresponding reference site. A tiered protocol (Minimum/Recommended/Preferred actions) was developed for assessing potential predation at other overwater structures. Likewise, recommendations were developed for incorporating design features into WSF terminal improvement projects that could minimize future impacts. JF - 2003 Georgia Basin/Puget Sound Resarch Conference Proceedings AU - Williams, G D AU - Thom, R M AU - Southard, JA AU - Sargeant, S L AU - Shreffler, D K AU - Stamey, M A2 - Droscher, TW A2 - Fraser, DA (eds) Y1 - 2004/02// PY - 2004 DA - February 2004 PB - Puget Sound Action Team, PO Box 40900 Olympia WA 98504 USA KW - Pacific staghorn sculpin KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Juveniles KW - Interspecific relationships KW - Predation KW - Stock assessment KW - Analytical techniques KW - Leptocottus armatus KW - Port installations KW - Ferry terminals KW - Q1 08483:Species interactions: general KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18033947?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Aquatic+Science+%26+Fisheries+Abstracts+%28ASFA%29+3%3A+Aquatic+Pollution+%26+Environmental+Quality&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Williams%2C+G+D%3BThom%2C+R+M%3BSouthard%2C+JA%3BSargeant%2C+S+L%3BShreffler%2C+D+K%3BStamey%2C+M&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2004-02-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Assessing+Overwater+Structure-related+Predation+on+Juvenile+Salmon%3A+A+Field+Study+and+Protocol+for+Weighing+the+Evidence&rft.title=Assessing+Overwater+Structure-related+Predation+on+Juvenile+Salmon%3A+A+Field+Study+and+Protocol+for+Weighing+the+Evidence&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-21 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Conceptual Models as a Tool for Assessing, Restoring, and Managing Puget Sound Habitats and Resources AN - 18028694; 5870771 AB - The City of Bainbridge Island is conducting a seminal nearshore characterization and assessment project funded through the Salmon Recovery Funding Board. The primary objective of this effort is to provide baseline data upon which to develop and implement nearshore management strategies (including restoration and preservation) and measure management success. A science-based conceptual framework was used to characterize the status of shoreline ecological functions based upon systematic evaluations of shoreline modifications, controlling factors, habitat structure, and habitat processes. Approximately 48.5 miles of shoreline was broken down into nine management units (based on drift cell knowledge) and each unit was analyzed by reach (based on the WADNR ShoreZone Inventory). Digital data, including the Bainbridge Island Nearshore Structure Inventory, was quantified using GIS which was in turn used to conduct a qualitative (3-tier) assessment using defensible, systematic matrices. The qualified measures were based on quantified parameters derived from the literature, current and historical shoreline photos, and expert opinion. This information was synthesized to determine human impacts, locating critical areas for protection or restoration, and identifying nearshore ecosystems most at risk to cumulative impacts. Based on readily available or easily collectable data, this approach could provide a useful framework for similar assessments in Puget Sound. JF - 2003 Georgia Basin/Puget Sound Resarch Conference Proceedings AU - Thom, R M AU - Williams, G D AU - Borde, AB A2 - Droscher, TW A2 - Fraser, DA (eds) Y1 - 2004/02// PY - 2004 DA - February 2004 PB - Puget Sound Action Team, PO Box 40900 Olympia WA 98504 USA KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Marine KW - Resource management KW - Mathematical models KW - Financing KW - Habitat KW - Coastal waters KW - Baseline studies KW - Habitat improvement KW - Recovery KW - Coastal morphology KW - INE, USA, Washington, Puget Sound KW - GIS KW - Reef fish KW - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation KW - Q1 08382:Ecological techniques and apparatus UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18028694?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Aquatic+Science+%26+Fisheries+Abstracts+%28ASFA%29+3%3A+Aquatic+Pollution+%26+Environmental+Quality&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Thom%2C+R+M%3BWilliams%2C+G+D%3BBorde%2C+AB&rft.aulast=Thom&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2004-02-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Conceptual+Models+as+a+Tool+for+Assessing%2C+Restoring%2C+and+Managing+Puget+Sound+Habitats+and+Resources&rft.title=Conceptual+Models+as+a+Tool+for+Assessing%2C+Restoring%2C+and+Managing+Puget+Sound+Habitats+and+Resources&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-21 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nanoscale proteomics AN - 17685736; 6036214 AB - Efforts to develop a liquid chromatography (LC)/mass spectrometry (MS) technology for ultra-sensitive proteomics studies (i.e., nanoscale proteomics) are described. The approach combines high-efficiency nanoscale LC (separation peak capacity of approximately 10 super(3); 15- mu m-i.d. packed capillaries with flow rates of 20 nL min super(-1), the optimal separation linear velocity) with advanced MS, including high-sensitivity and high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance MS, to perform both single-stage MS and tandem MS (MS/MS) proteomic analyses. The technology enables broad protein identification from nanogram-size proteomics samples and allows the characterization of more abundant proteins from sub-picogram-size samples. Protein identification in such studies using MS is demonstrated from <75 zeptomole of a protein. The average proteome measurement throughput is similar to 50 proteins h super(-1) using MS/MS during separations, presently requiring approximately 3 h sample super(-1). Greater throughput ( similar to 300 proteins h super(-1)) and improved detection limits providing more comprehensive proteome coverage can be obtained by using the "accurate mass and time" tag approach developed in our laboratory. This approach provides a dynamic range of at least 10 super(6) for protein relative abundances and an improved basis for quantitation. These capabilities lay the foundation for studies from single or limited numbers of cells. JF - Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry AU - Shen, Y AU - Tolic, N AU - Masselon, C AU - Pasa-Tolic, L AU - Camp, DG II AU - Lipton AU - Anderson, G A AU - Smith, R D AD - Biological Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA, rds@pnl.gov Y1 - 2004/02// PY - 2004 DA - Feb 2004 SP - 1037 EP - 1045 VL - 378 IS - 4 SN - 1618-2642, 1618-2642 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 350:Bioinformatics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17685736?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+and+Bioanalytical+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Nanoscale+proteomics&rft.au=Shen%2C+Y%3BTolic%2C+N%3BMasselon%2C+C%3BPasa-Tolic%2C+L%3BCamp%2C+DG+II%3BLipton%3BAnderson%2C+G+A%3BSmith%2C+R+D&rft.aulast=Shen&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2004-02-01&rft.volume=378&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1037&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+and+Bioanalytical+Chemistry&rft.issn=16182642&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00216-003-2329-8 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00216-003-2329-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phospholamban binds in a compact and ordered conformation to the Ca-ATPase. AN - 80095598; 14717600 AB - Mutagenesis and cross-linking measurements have identified specific contact interactions between the cytosolic and the transmembrane sequences of phospholamban (PLB) and the Ca-ATPase, and in conjunction with the high-resolution structures of PLB and the Ca-ATPase, have been used to construct models of the PLB-ATPase complex, which suggest that PLB adopts a more extended structure within this complex. To directly test these predictions, we have used fluorescence resonance energy transfer to measure the average conformation and heterogeneity between chromophores covalently bound to the transmembrane and cytosolic domains of PLB reconstituted in proteoliposomes. In the absence of the Ca-ATPase, the cytosolic domain of PLB assumes a wide range of structures relative to the transmembrane sequence, which can be described using a model involving a Gaussian distribution of distances with an average distance (Rav) of less than 21 A and a half-width (HW) of 36 A. This conformational heterogeneity of PLB is consistent with the 10 structures resolved by NMR for the C41F mutant of PLB in organic cosolvents. In contrast, PLB bound to the Ca-ATPase assumes a unique and highly ordered conformation, where Rav = 14.0 +/- 0.3 A and HW = 3.7 +/- 0.6 A. The small spatial separation between the bound chromophores on PLB is inconsistent with an extended conformation of bound PLB in current models. Thus, to satisfy known interaction sites of PLB and the Ca-ATPase, these findings suggest a reorientation of the nucleotide binding domain of the Ca-ATPase toward the bilayer surface to bring known PLB binding sites into close juxtaposition with residues near the amino-terminus of PLB. Induction of an altered conformation of the nucleotide binding domain of the Ca-ATPase by PLB binding is suggested to underlie the reduced calcium sensitivity associated with PLB inhibition of the pump. JF - Biochemistry AU - Li, Jinhui AU - Xiong, Yijia AU - Bigelow, Diana J AU - Squier, Thomas C AD - Cell Biology Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Fundamental Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA. Y1 - 2004/01/20/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 Jan 20 SP - 455 EP - 463 VL - 43 IS - 2 SN - 0006-2960, 0006-2960 KW - Calcium-Binding Proteins KW - 0 KW - Maleimides KW - Membrane Lipids KW - phospholamban KW - N-(3-pyrene)maleimide KW - 9SZY1M545Z KW - Calcium-Transporting ATPases KW - EC 3.6.3.8 KW - Cysteine KW - K848JZ4886 KW - Alanine KW - OF5P57N2ZX KW - Index Medicus KW - Membrane Lipids -- chemistry KW - Animals KW - Models, Molecular KW - Cysteine -- genetics KW - Cytosol -- enzymology KW - Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer KW - Membrane Lipids -- metabolism KW - Maleimides -- chemistry KW - Rabbits KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Mutagenesis, Site-Directed KW - Protein Structure, Tertiary -- genetics KW - Fluorescence Polarization KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Alanine -- genetics KW - Protein Binding -- genetics KW - Protein Conformation KW - Calcium-Transporting ATPases -- chemistry KW - Calcium-Binding Proteins -- genetics KW - Calcium-Transporting ATPases -- metabolism KW - Calcium-Binding Proteins -- metabolism KW - Calcium-Binding Proteins -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80095598?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochemistry&rft.atitle=Phospholamban+binds+in+a+compact+and+ordered+conformation+to+the+Ca-ATPase.&rft.au=Li%2C+Jinhui%3BXiong%2C+Yijia%3BBigelow%2C+Diana+J%3BSquier%2C+Thomas+C&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Jinhui&rft.date=2004-01-20&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=455&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochemistry&rft.issn=00062960&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-05-25 N1 - Date created - 2004-01-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of trace contaminants on catalytic processing of biomass-derived feedstocks. AN - 71785560; 15054234 AB - Model compound testing was conducted in a batch reactor to evaluate the effects of trace contaminant components on catalytic hydrogenation of sugars. Trace components are potential catalyst poisons when processing biomass feedstocks to value-added chemical products. Trace components include inorganic elements such as alkali metals and alkaline earths, phosphorus, sulfur, aluminum, silicon, chloride, or transition metals. Protein components in biomass feedstocks can lead to formation of peptide fractions (from hydro-lysis) or ammonium ions (from more severe breakdown), both of which might interfere with catalysis. The batch reactor tests were performed in a 300-mL stirred autoclave, with multiple liquid samples withdrawn over the period of the experiment. Evaluation of these test results suggests that most of the catalyst inhibition is related to nitrogen-containing components. JF - Applied biochemistry and biotechnology AU - Elliott, Douglas C AU - Peterson, Keith L AU - Muzatko, Danielle S AU - Alderson, Eric V AU - Hart, Todd R AU - Neuenschwander, Gary G AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA. dougc.elliott@pnl.gov Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 807 EP - 825 VL - 113-116 SN - 0273-2289, 0273-2289 KW - Carbohydrates KW - 0 KW - Ions KW - Manure KW - Peptones KW - Quaternary Ammonium Compounds KW - Hydrogen KW - 7YNJ3PO35Z KW - Xylose KW - A1TA934AKO KW - Glucose KW - IY9XDZ35W2 KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Index Medicus KW - Xylose -- chemistry KW - Calcium -- chemistry KW - Carbohydrates -- chemistry KW - Temperature KW - Quaternary Ammonium Compounds -- chemistry KW - Hydrolysis KW - Peptones -- chemistry KW - Calcium -- metabolism KW - Glucose -- chemistry KW - Hydrogen -- chemistry KW - Bioreactors KW - Time Factors KW - Catalysis KW - Animal Feed KW - Biomass KW - Biotechnology -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71785560?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+biochemistry+and+biotechnology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+trace+contaminants+on+catalytic+processing+of+biomass-derived+feedstocks.&rft.au=Elliott%2C+Douglas+C%3BPeterson%2C+Keith+L%3BMuzatko%2C+Danielle+S%3BAlderson%2C+Eric+V%3BHart%2C+Todd+R%3BNeuenschwander%2C+Gary+G&rft.aulast=Elliott&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=113-116&rft.issue=&rft.spage=807&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+biochemistry+and+biotechnology&rft.issn=02732289&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-07-26 N1 - Date created - 2004-03-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimated potassium content in Hanford workers. AN - 66989434; 15266079 AB - Potassium content in male and female workers at the US Department of Energy Hanford Site was estimated based on measurements made in 2002 of 40K activity in the body. The 40K activity in females ranged from 2.1 to 4.1 kBq with an average of 3.1 +/- 0.02 kBq. The total body potassium (TBK) content in females averaged 98 +/- 0.6 g. The 40K activity in males ranged from 2.8 to 6.6 kBq with an average of 4.2 +/- 0.01 kBq and the average TBK was 136 +/- 0.3 g. The average TBK value for males aged 20-49 y was 140 g. The average TBK values for both genders decreased with age. The average potassium concentrations calculated for the different age ranges for males were 15-25% less than the value (1.9 gK per kg) obtained using the reported ICRP reference potassium and reference weight values. Potassium concentrations were inversely correlated with body-build index, body-mass index and body weight. These correlations could possibly be utilised to help assess the risk for disease. Future work is planned to evaluate whether monitoring of potassium concentrations could be used as a tool for the detection of diabetes and hypertension. JF - Radiation protection dosimetry AU - Lynch, T P AU - Rivard, J W AU - Garcia, S AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, Mailstop: B1-60, Richland, WA 99352, USA. tim.lynch@pnl.gov Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 319 EP - 322 VL - 111 IS - 3 SN - 0144-8420, 0144-8420 KW - Potassium Radioisotopes KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Radiation Dosage KW - Washington KW - Computer Simulation KW - Whole-Body Counting -- methods KW - Body Burden KW - Humans KW - Aged KW - Relative Biological Effectiveness KW - Aged, 80 and over KW - Risk Factors KW - Adult KW - Middle Aged KW - Female KW - Male KW - Radiation Protection -- methods KW - Nuclear Warfare KW - Risk Assessment -- methods KW - Radiometry -- methods KW - Models, Biological KW - Occupational Exposure -- analysis KW - Potassium Radioisotopes -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66989434?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.atitle=Estimated+potassium+content+in+Hanford+workers.&rft.au=Lynch%2C+T+P%3BRivard%2C+J+W%3BGarcia%2C+S&rft.aulast=Lynch&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=111&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=319&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.issn=01448420&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-03-15 N1 - Date created - 2004-10-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Current problems and expected improvements in personal neutron dosimetry. AN - 66857947; 15353741 AB - Many technological activities involve the potential for worker exposure to neutrons. The determination of neutron personal dose equivalent is difficult due to a number of factors including the materials and methods used to evaluate the response of personal dosemeters and the quantities for expressing dose equivalent. Nevertheless, recent progress has been made in the development of devices and techniques for the measurement and calibration of neutron personal dosemeters. The quantities and units used to express neutron dose equivalent are being improved and clarified. Therefore, it is expected that a number of remaining difficulties with neutron dosimetry will be mitigated. JF - Radiation protection dosimetry AU - McDonald, Joseph C AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA. joe.mcdonald@pnl.gov Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 743 EP - 745 VL - 110 IS - 1-4 SN - 0144-8420, 0144-8420 KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Radiation Dosage KW - Artifacts KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Body Burden KW - Humans KW - Technology Assessment, Biomedical KW - Calibration KW - Environmental Monitoring -- instrumentation KW - Equipment Design KW - Relative Biological Effectiveness KW - Safety Management -- methods KW - Risk Factors KW - Equipment Failure Analysis -- methods KW - Quality Assurance, Health Care -- methods KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Neutrons KW - Radiometry -- instrumentation KW - Radiation Protection -- methods KW - Radiometry -- trends KW - Risk Assessment -- methods KW - Radiometry -- methods KW - Radiation Protection -- instrumentation KW - Occupational Exposure -- analysis KW - Risk Assessment -- trends UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66857947?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.atitle=Current+problems+and+expected+improvements+in+personal+neutron+dosimetry.&rft.au=McDonald%2C+Joseph+C&rft.aulast=McDonald&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=110&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=743&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.issn=01448420&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-12-27 N1 - Date created - 2004-09-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Calibration measurements and standards for radiation protection dosimetry. AN - 66746414; 15273350 AB - The safe use of ionising radiation for applications in medicine, electric power production and industrial processes requires accurate measurements that are traceable to national standards. Radiological calibration laboratories provide measurements that may be used to determine the calibration coefficients for personal dosemeters and survey meters. The wide range of ionising radiation applications results in the need for a wide range of reference radiation types and intensities to be available in the calibration laboratory. The methods used and the problems encountered while developing reference radiations are discussed. JF - Radiation protection dosimetry AU - McDonald, Joseph C AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA. joe.mcdonald@pnl.gov Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 317 EP - 321 VL - 109 IS - 4 SN - 0144-8420, 0144-8420 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Radiation Protection -- methods KW - Radiation Monitoring -- methods KW - Radiation Injuries -- prevention & control KW - Calibration -- standards KW - Radiation Monitoring -- instrumentation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66746414?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.atitle=Calibration+measurements+and+standards+for+radiation+protection+dosimetry.&rft.au=McDonald%2C+Joseph+C&rft.aulast=McDonald&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=317&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.issn=01448420&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-02-08 N1 - Date created - 2004-07-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Russia's Decisive Role in the Kyoto Protocol AN - 59713237; 200620467 AB - This paper assesses the prospects for Russia's ratification & implementation of the Kyoto Protocol. The Kyoto Protocol can enter into force only when countries responsible for 55 per cent of developed nations' 1990 carbon dioxide emissions ratify the agreement. With countries representing 44 percent of that total having already ratified Kyoto, & with Russia & the United States representing 17 & 36 percent of that amount, respectively, approval by either nation would bring Kyoto into force. The current U.S. administration of President George Bush & the leadership of the Congress oppose Kyoto, leaving the future of the climate treaty to Russia's President Vladimir Putin & its parliament. Adapted from the source document. JF - The Journal of Eurasian Research AU - Chandler, William AU - Popov, Ilya AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Washington, D.C. Y1 - 2004/01// PY - 2004 DA - January 2004 PB - 603123 Golubeva 8-80, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia VL - 3 IS - 2 SN - 1538-0378, 1538-0378 KW - United States of America KW - Environmental Policy KW - Russia KW - Ratification KW - Policy Implementation KW - Leadership KW - Legislation KW - article KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59713237?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Eurasian+Research&rft.atitle=Russia%27s+Decisive+Role+in+the+Kyoto+Protocol&rft.au=Chandler%2C+William%3BPopov%2C+Ilya&rft.aulast=Chandler&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+Eurasian+Research&rft.issn=15380378&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ratification; Environmental Policy; Legislation; Russia; United States of America; Leadership; Policy Implementation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Water movement in the zone of interaction between groundwater and the Columbia River, Hanford Site, Washington AN - 51813777; 2004-063713 AB - A two-dimensional model that simulates flow pathlines in a vertical cross section oriented perpendicular to the Columbia River has been developed for a location at the Hanford Site. Hydraulic head data from wells and the adjacent river were used to calculate flow direction and velocity in hourly increments for an entire seasonal cycle. River stage cycles extend through a range of several meters, thus exerting a strong influence on water movement in the zone of interaction. By including a fluctuating river stage at the river boundary (center of channel), the model showed that landward of and beneath the shoreline, flow pathlines within the aquifer are deflected downward. The region immediately beneath the shoreline is strongly influenced by river water that infiltrates during high river stage. On the river side of the shoreline, groundwater discharges upward into the river channel, with pathlines converging in the riverbed relatively close to shore. If the model is run assuming a constant, average river stage, these movement features are not represented, thus demonstrating the need to include transient boundary conditions when a fluctuating river stage influences the zone of interaction between groundwater and surface water. The model provides information that supports a variety of applications, including monitoring strategies, contaminant transport models, risk assessments, remedial action design, and compliance requirements for remedial actions. JF - Journal of Hydraulic Research = Journal de Recherches Hydrauliques AU - Peterson, R E AU - Connelly, M P A2 - Valocchi, Albert J. Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 53 EP - 58 PB - International Association for Hydraulic Research, Delft VL - 42 IS - Extra issue SN - 0022-1686, 0022-1686 KW - United States KW - Washington KW - pollutants KW - Columbia River KW - surface water KW - data processing KW - waste disposal sites KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - preferential flow KW - simulation KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - computer programs KW - hydraulic head KW - transport KW - hydrodynamics KW - risk assessment KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51813777?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydraulic+Research+%3D+Journal+de+Recherches+Hydrauliques&rft.atitle=Water+movement+in+the+zone+of+interaction+between+groundwater+and+the+Columbia+River%2C+Hanford+Site%2C+Washington&rft.au=Peterson%2C+R+E%3BConnelly%2C+M+P&rft.aulast=Peterson&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=Extra+issue&rft.spage=53&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydraulic+Research+%3D+Journal+de+Recherches+Hydrauliques&rft.issn=00221686&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals/TJHR LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - IAHR international groundwater symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - IHSBAS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Columbia River; computer programs; data processing; environmental analysis; ground water; Hanford Site; hydraulic head; hydrodynamics; pollutants; pollution; preferential flow; remediation; risk assessment; simulation; surface water; transport; United States; Washington; waste disposal sites ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biodegradation and bioremediation of petroleum pollutants in soil AN - 51746220; 2005-017515 JF - Soil Biology AU - Huesemann, Michael H A2 - Singh, Ajay A2 - Ward, Owen P. Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 13 EP - 34 PB - Springer, Berlin VL - 1 SN - 1613-3382, 1613-3382 KW - soils KW - fertilizers KW - concentration KW - biodegradation KW - contaminant plumes KW - pollutants KW - moisture KW - oxidation KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - optimization KW - bioavailability KW - petroleum products KW - bioremediation KW - cometabolism KW - remediation KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - risk assessment KW - pH KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51746220?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Biology&rft.atitle=Biodegradation+and+bioremediation+of+petroleum+pollutants+in+soil&rft.au=Huesemann%2C+Michael+H&rft.aulast=Huesemann&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=3540210202&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Biology&rft.issn=16133382&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 111 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bioavailability; biodegradation; bioremediation; cometabolism; concentration; contaminant plumes; fertilizers; hydrocarbons; moisture; optimization; organic compounds; oxidation; petroleum products; pH; pollutants; pollution; remediation; risk assessment; soil treatment; soils ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Towards a consistent rate law; glass corrosion kinetics near saturation AN - 51670847; 2005-065992 AB - Although glass corrosion resistance has been tested with laboratory methods for decades, investigators are now just beginning to understand the reaction phenomena at or close to saturation with respect to the rate-limiting phase(s). Near saturation, the phenomena that govern element release rates include alkali-hydrogen (species) exchange, differential reactivity of phase-separated glass, and accelerated corrosion rates due to precipitation of key secondary phases. These phenomena were not anticipated by early models of glass dissolution and are incompletely quantified in current rate representations. This review discusses the two over-arching models for glass reactivity, diffusion and surface reaction control, and demonstrates the importance of glass reactivity in terms of glass composition and micro-heterogeneity of the glass. Our conclusion is that surface reaction control best describes the release of elements to solution, but that models based on current interpretations of transition state theory (TST) must be modified to account for reported anomalies in behaviour near saturation. JF - Geological Society Special Publications AU - Icenhower, Jonathan P AU - Samson, S AU - Luettge, A AU - McGrail, B P A2 - Giere, Reto A2 - Stille, Peter Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 579 EP - 594 PB - Geological Society of London, London VL - 236 SN - 0305-8719, 0305-8719 KW - silicates KW - isotopes KW - stability KW - reinforced materials KW - suspended materials KW - phase transitions KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - laboratory studies KW - controls KW - radioactive isotopes KW - chemical reactions KW - ion exchange KW - chemical composition KW - mobility KW - kinetics KW - glass materials KW - diffusivity KW - corrosion KW - experimental studies KW - rates KW - recharge KW - borosilicates KW - saturation KW - precipitation KW - vitrification KW - waste disposal KW - underground disposal KW - SEM data KW - pore water KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51670847?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geological+Society+Special+Publications&rft.atitle=Towards+a+consistent+rate+law%3B+glass+corrosion+kinetics+near+saturation&rft.au=Icenhower%2C+Jonathan+P%3BSamson%2C+S%3BLuettge%2C+A%3BMcGrail%2C+B+P&rft.aulast=Icenhower&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=236&rft.issue=&rft.spage=579&rft.isbn=186239167X&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geological+Society+Special+Publications&rft.issn=03058719&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 12th annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 71 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GSLSBW N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - borosilicates; chemical composition; chemical reactions; controls; corrosion; diffusivity; experimental studies; glass materials; ground water; ion exchange; isotopes; kinetics; laboratory studies; mobility; phase transitions; pore water; precipitation; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; rates; recharge; reinforced materials; saturation; SEM data; silicates; stability; suspended materials; underground disposal; vitrification; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The geochemical behaviour of Tc, Np and Pu in spent nuclear fuel in an oxidizing environment AN - 51670743; 2005-065965 AB - Spent fuel from commercial nuclear reactors consists mainly of uranium oxide. However, the changes that occur during reactor operations have a profound effect on chemical and physical properties of this material. Heat build-up in the fuel pellet during reactor operations can cause redistribution of fission products. The fission products may aggregate in one or three types of precipitates; gaseous, metallic, or oxide, depending on the bum-up and in-core treatment. Radiation damage and variations in fission and neutron capture yields across the fuel pellets lead to Pu enrichment and increased porosity with increasing bum-up. A more porous surface may make the fuel more susceptible to oxidative dissolution. As the level of actinides and fission products increases, the fuel may become more resistant to oxidation. These changes may limit the usefulness of natural uraninite (UO (sub 2) ) analogues for predicting the geological behaviour of spent fuel disposed in a high-level waste (HLW) repository. In this Chapter, an overview of spent fuel microstructure, radiolytic effects, and alteration processes is presented. Evidence for Np incorporation into U (super 6+) phases, the nature of Pu surface precipitates on spent fuel, and evidence for the preferential removal of 4d-metals from e-particles in corroded spent fuel is discussed. Understanding the potential mechanisms of radionuclide attenuation through sorption and/or incorporation requires techniques with both high spatial resolution and excellent elemental sensitivity. JF - Geological Society Special Publications AU - Buck, Edgar C AU - Hanson, Brady D AU - McNamara, Bruce K A2 - Giere, Reto A2 - Stille, Peter Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 65 EP - 88 PB - Geological Society of London, London VL - 236 SN - 0305-8719, 0305-8719 KW - sorption KW - neptunium KW - isotopes KW - radioactivity KW - plutonium KW - Pu-239 KW - radioactive waste KW - radioactive isotopes KW - chemical properties KW - oxides KW - fission KW - technetium KW - high-level waste KW - concentration KW - Np-237 KW - oxidation KW - uranyl ion KW - Tc-99 KW - migration of elements KW - TEM data KW - paragenesis KW - physical properties KW - metals KW - natural analogs KW - nuclear facilities KW - waste disposal KW - uraninite KW - actinides KW - SEM data KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51670743?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geological+Society+Special+Publications&rft.atitle=The+geochemical+behaviour+of+Tc%2C+Np+and+Pu+in+spent+nuclear+fuel+in+an+oxidizing+environment&rft.au=Buck%2C+Edgar+C%3BHanson%2C+Brady+D%3BMcNamara%2C+Bruce+K&rft.aulast=Buck&rft.aufirst=Edgar&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=236&rft.issue=&rft.spage=65&rft.isbn=186239167X&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geological+Society+Special+Publications&rft.issn=03058719&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 12th annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 82 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GSLSBW N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; chemical properties; concentration; fission; high-level waste; isotopes; metals; migration of elements; natural analogs; neptunium; Np-237; nuclear facilities; oxidation; oxides; paragenesis; physical properties; plutonium; Pu-239; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; radioactivity; SEM data; sorption; Tc-99; technetium; TEM data; uraninite; uranyl ion; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Direct measurements of pH and dissolved CO (sub 2) concentrations in H (sub 2) O-CO (sub 2) brine mixtures to supercritical conditions AN - 51525871; 2006-087477 AB - Very limited fundamental measurements of pH and aqueous speciation in water-salt-CO (sub 2) mixtures at high pressure have been performed. The few available measurements show pH values varying as much as 1 or 2 pH units over the important range of temperature and CO (sub 2) pressure expected in deep saline formations that are being widely considered for geologic sequestration. Stability of certain important clay and carbonate minerals is strongly affected by pH changes in this region. A high-pressure view cell equipped with a pressure-capable glass combination pH probe was used to independently measure solution pH in H (sub 2) O-CO (sub 2) brine mixtures to beyond supercritical conditions. Raman spectra were simultaneously collected in the aqueous phase and show a linear relationship between the intensity of the main symmetrical stretching vibrational mode at 1388 cm-1 and increasing CO (sub 2) pressure. The results are interpreted in terms of water solvation effects on dissolved CO (sub 2) . JF - Annual Meeting Expanded Abstracts - American Association of Petroleum Geologists AU - Schaef, H Todd AU - McGrail, B Peter AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 124 PB - American Association of Petroleum Geologists and Society for Sedimentary Geology, Tulsa, OK VL - 13 SN - 0094-0038, 0094-0038 KW - water KW - solvation KW - pressure KW - brines KW - solutes KW - effects KW - pH KW - variations KW - measurement KW - chemical fractionation KW - carbon dioxide KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51525871?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Abstracts+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.atitle=Direct+measurements+of+pH+and+dissolved+CO+%28sub+2%29+concentrations+in+H+%28sub+2%29+O-CO+%28sub+2%29+brine+mixtures+to+supercritical+conditions&rft.au=Schaef%2C+H+Todd%3BMcGrail%2C+B+Peter%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Schaef&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=&rft.spage=124&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Abstracts+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.issn=00940038&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - AAPG annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - APGAB2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - brines; carbon dioxide; chemical fractionation; effects; measurement; pH; pressure; solutes; solvation; variations; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geologic sequestration of CO (sub 2) in basalt formations AN - 51523245; 2006-087478 AB - Capture of CO (sub 2) from flue gases and subsequent geologic sequestration is being widely considered for controlling anthropogenic CO (sub 2) emissions. Massive flood basalt formations exist worldwide and have unique chemical properties that could potentially convert all the injected CO (sub 2) to solid mineral form, effectively isolating it from the atmosphere. Under certain reservoir conditions, CO (sub 2) reacts with the minerals in the basalt releasing cations (Ca, Fe, and Mg) into solution, which precipitate as a carbonate mineral. Laboratory tests have confirmed the formation of carbonate coatings when basalt samples collected from Washington State were exposed to supercritical CO (sub 2) . Detailed examination of the reacted basalt shows that preferential dissolution of the glassy mesostasis and olivine in the basalt are the principal mineral phases responsible for the observed rapid carbonate mineralization. JF - Annual Meeting Expanded Abstracts - American Association of Petroleum Geologists AU - Schaef, H Todd AU - McGrail, B Peter AU - Reidel, Stephen P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 124 PB - American Association of Petroleum Geologists and Society for Sedimentary Geology, Tulsa, OK VL - 13 SN - 0094-0038, 0094-0038 KW - calcium KW - magnesium KW - volcanic rocks KW - solutions KW - igneous rocks KW - solution KW - iron KW - carbon dioxide KW - laboratory studies KW - controls KW - mineral composition KW - basalts KW - chemical properties KW - mineralization KW - alkaline earth metals KW - experimental studies KW - human activity KW - atmosphere KW - samples KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - cations KW - testing KW - reservoir properties KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51523245?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Abstracts+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.atitle=Geologic+sequestration+of+CO+%28sub+2%29+in+basalt+formations&rft.au=Schaef%2C+H+Todd%3BMcGrail%2C+B+Peter%3BReidel%2C+Stephen+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Schaef&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=&rft.spage=124&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Abstracts+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.issn=00940038&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - AAPG annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - APGAB2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; atmosphere; basalts; calcium; carbon dioxide; cations; chemical properties; controls; experimental studies; human activity; igneous rocks; iron; laboratory studies; magnesium; metals; mineral composition; mineralization; precipitation; reservoir properties; samples; solution; solutions; testing; volcanic rocks ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Laboratory investigation into the contribution of contaminants to ground water from equipment materials used in sampling AN - 51140436; 2005-004467 AB - Benzene contamination was detected in well water samples from the Ogallala Aquifer beneath and adjacent to the Department of Energy's Pantex Plant near Amarillo, Texas. This study assessed whether or not the materials used in multilevel sampling equipment at this site could have contributed to the contaminants found in well water samples. As part of this investigation, laboratory testing of the sample equipment material was conducted. Results from the laboratory tests indicated three different materials from two types of multilevel samplers did, in fact, contribute volatile and semivolatile organic compounds to the ground water samples from static leach tests that were conducted during an eight week period. The nylon-11 tubing contributed trace concentrations of benzene (1.37 mu g/L) and relatively high concentrations of the plasticizer N-butylbenzenesulfonamide (NBSA) (764 mg/L) to the water; a urethane-coated nylon well liner contributed relatively high concentrations of toluene (278 mu g/L) and trace amounts of NBSA; and a sampling port spacer material made of nylon/polypropylene/polyester-composite contributed trace amounts of toluene and NBSA. While the concentrations of benzene and toluene measured in the laboratory tests were below the concentrations measured in actual ground water samples, the concentrations of organics from these equipment materials were sufficient to render the results reported for the ground water samples suspect. JF - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation AU - Gilmore, Tyler J AU - Mitroshkov, Alexandre V AU - Dresel, P Evan AU - Sklarew, Deborah S Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 88 EP - 94 PB - Ground Water Publishing Co., Dublin, OH VL - 24 IS - 3 SN - 1069-3629, 1069-3629 KW - United States KW - toluene KW - Ogallala Aquifer KW - techniques KW - environmental analysis KW - ground water KW - laboratory studies KW - sampling KW - Superfund sites KW - Amarillo Texas KW - concentration KW - experimental studies KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - Texas KW - Pantex Plant Site KW - samplers KW - benzene KW - aquifers KW - Potter County Texas KW - organic compounds KW - detection KW - hydrocarbons KW - instruments KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51140436?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.atitle=Laboratory+investigation+into+the+contribution+of+contaminants+to+ground+water+from+equipment+materials+used+in+sampling&rft.au=Gilmore%2C+Tyler+J%3BMitroshkov%2C+Alexandre+V%3BDresel%2C+P+Evan%3BSklarew%2C+Deborah+S&rft.aulast=Gilmore&rft.aufirst=Tyler&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=88&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.issn=10693629&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6592 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Amarillo Texas; aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; benzene; concentration; detection; environmental analysis; experimental studies; ground water; hydrocarbons; instruments; laboratory studies; Ogallala Aquifer; organic compounds; Pantex Plant Site; pollutants; pollution; Potter County Texas; samplers; sampling; Superfund sites; techniques; Texas; toluene; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Remote-Raman and micro-Raman studies of solid CO (sub 2) , CH (sub 4) gas hydrates and ice AN - 50261211; 2008-127621 JF - Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference AU - Sharma, S K AU - Misra, A K AU - Lucey, P G AU - Exarhos, G J AU - Windisch, C F, Jr AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 EP - unpaginated PB - Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX VL - 35 KW - experimental studies KW - methane KW - gas hydrates KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - remote Raman spectroscopy KW - Mars KW - alkanes KW - feasibility studies KW - carbon dioxide KW - terrestrial planets KW - planets KW - organic compounds KW - Raman spectra KW - ice KW - hydrocarbons KW - spectra KW - spectroscopy KW - remote sensing KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50261211?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Remote-Raman+and+micro-Raman+studies+of+solid+CO+%28sub+2%29+%2C+CH+%28sub+4%29+gas+hydrates+and+ice&rft.au=Sharma%2C+S+K%3BMisra%2C+A+K%3BLucey%2C+P+G%3BExarhos%2C+G+J%3BWindisch%2C+C+F%2C+Jr%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Sharma&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2004/pdf/1929.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Thirty-fifth lunar and planetary science conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Feb. 16, 2007 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #02179 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; carbon dioxide; experimental studies; feasibility studies; gas hydrates; hydrocarbons; ice; Mars; methane; organic compounds; planets; Raman spectra; remote Raman spectroscopy; remote sensing; spectra; spectroscopy; terrestrial planets ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Etch pit morphology and Mg inhibition of calcite dissolution AN - 50120382; 2010-003030 JF - Proceedings - International Symposium on Water-Rock Interaction AU - Arvidson, R S AU - Davis, K J AU - Collier, M AU - Luttge, A AU - Amonette, J E A2 - Wanty, Richard B. A2 - Seal, Robert R., II Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 721 EP - 725 PB - Taylor & Francis VL - 11 SN - 0258-7610, 0258-7610 KW - alkaline earth metals KW - magnesium KW - experimental studies KW - pits KW - crystal structure KW - crystal growth KW - adsorption KW - interferometry KW - calcite KW - nucleation KW - water-rock interaction KW - metals KW - dissolution KW - etching KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - carbonates KW - pH KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50120382?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+-+International+Symposium+on+Water-Rock+Interaction&rft.atitle=Etch+pit+morphology+and+Mg+inhibition+of+calcite+dissolution&rft.au=Arvidson%2C+R+S%3BDavis%2C+K+J%3BCollier%2C+M%3BLuttge%2C+A%3BAmonette%2C+J+E&rft.aulast=Arvidson&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=&rft.spage=721&rft.isbn=9058096416&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+-+International+Symposium+on+Water-Rock+Interaction&rft.issn=02587610&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh international symposium on Water-rock interaction N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; alkaline earth metals; calcite; carbonates; chemical composition; crystal growth; crystal structure; dissolution; etching; experimental studies; geochemistry; interferometry; magnesium; metals; nucleation; pH; pits; water-rock interaction ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of secondary mineral precipitates on radionuclide sequestration at the Hanford Site AN - 50118308; 2010-003029 JF - Proceedings - International Symposium on Water-Rock Interaction AU - Um, W AU - Serne, R J AU - Yabusaki, S B AU - Freedman, V L AU - Samson, S D AU - Nagy, K L A2 - Wanty, Richard B. A2 - Seal, Robert R., II Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 715 EP - 718 PB - Taylor & Francis VL - 11 SN - 0258-7610, 0258-7610 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - hazardous waste KW - sorption KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - solutions KW - silica minerals KW - selenium KW - isotopes KW - halogens KW - mass spectra KW - simulation KW - environmental analysis KW - ground water KW - laboratory studies KW - iodine KW - radioactive isotopes KW - chemical reactions KW - water-rock interaction KW - sediments KW - framework silicates KW - spectra KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - soils KW - technetium KW - leaking underground storage tanks KW - alkaline earth metals KW - experimental studies KW - Washington KW - sequestration KW - secondary minerals KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - nitrates KW - Hanford Site KW - hydrochemistry KW - ICP mass spectra KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - quartz KW - dissolution KW - strontium KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50118308?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+-+International+Symposium+on+Water-Rock+Interaction&rft.atitle=The+role+of+secondary+mineral+precipitates+on+radionuclide+sequestration+at+the+Hanford+Site&rft.au=Um%2C+W%3BSerne%2C+R+J%3BYabusaki%2C+S+B%3BFreedman%2C+V+L%3BSamson%2C+S+D%3BNagy%2C+K+L&rft.aulast=Um&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=&rft.spage=715&rft.isbn=9058096416&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+-+International+Symposium+on+Water-Rock+Interaction&rft.issn=02587610&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh international symposium on Water-rock interaction N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; chemical composition; chemical reactions; dissolution; environmental analysis; experimental studies; framework silicates; geochemistry; ground water; halogens; Hanford Site; hazardous waste; hydrochemistry; ICP mass spectra; iodine; isotopes; laboratory studies; leaking underground storage tanks; mass spectra; metals; nitrates; pollutants; pollution; precipitation; quartz; radioactive isotopes; secondary minerals; sediments; selenium; sequestration; silica minerals; silicates; simulation; soils; solutions; sorption; spectra; strontium; technetium; United States; Washington; water-rock interaction; X-ray diffraction data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mineral formation and radionuclide sorption in waste-impacted Hanford sediments AN - 50114248; 2010-003021 JF - Proceedings - International Symposium on Water-Rock Interaction AU - Chorover, J D AU - Rotenberg, P AU - Serne, R J A2 - Wanty, Richard B. A2 - Seal, Robert R., II Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 675 EP - 678 PB - Taylor & Francis VL - 11 SN - 0258-7610, 0258-7610 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - sorption KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - isotopes KW - unsaturated zone KW - environmental analysis KW - ground water KW - radioactive isotopes KW - mineral composition KW - chemical reactions KW - cesium KW - water-rock interaction KW - sediments KW - zeolite group KW - framework silicates KW - chemical composition KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - soils KW - leaking underground storage tanks KW - alkaline earth metals KW - experimental studies KW - Washington KW - pollutants KW - alkali metals KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - kaolinite KW - weathering KW - clay minerals KW - solid phase KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - sheet silicates KW - waste disposal KW - transformations KW - strontium KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50114248?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+-+International+Symposium+on+Water-Rock+Interaction&rft.atitle=Mineral+formation+and+radionuclide+sorption+in+waste-impacted+Hanford+sediments&rft.au=Chorover%2C+J+D%3BRotenberg%2C+P%3BSerne%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Chorover&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=&rft.spage=675&rft.isbn=9058096416&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+-+International+Symposium+on+Water-Rock+Interaction&rft.issn=02587610&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh international symposium on Water-rock interaction N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; alkaline earth metals; cesium; chemical composition; chemical reactions; clay minerals; environmental analysis; experimental studies; framework silicates; geochemistry; ground water; Hanford Site; isotopes; kaolinite; kinetics; leaking underground storage tanks; metals; mineral composition; pollutants; pollution; precipitation; radioactive isotopes; sediments; sheet silicates; silicates; soils; solid phase; sorption; strontium; transformations; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington; waste disposal; water-rock interaction; weathering; X-ray diffraction data; zeolite group ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using DNA microarrays to detect multiple pathogen threats in water; Using DNA microarrays to detect multiple pathogen threats in water AN - 20952532; 11049072 AB - We present four studies that illustrate the use of DNA microarrays for the detection and subsequent genotyping of waterborne pathogens. A genotyping array targeting four virulence factor genes in enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) was tested. The arrays were clearly able to differentiate between E. coli O157:H7 genotypes and E. coli O91:H2. Non-pathogenic E. coli and non-target organisms were not detected on this array. In the second study, an hsp70 gene single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array for specific Cryptosporidium parvum detection was constructed to differentiate between principle genotypes. SNPs, and hence differences between genotypes, were easily detected on this type of array. In the third study an array for Helicobacter pylori was tested for simultaneous SNP discrimination and presence or absence of virulence factor genes. Results from this study showed that both SNP discrimination for some conserved genes, and the presence or absence of virulence factor genes was possible. In the fourth study, multiplexing was achieved by direct hybridization and detection of mRNA to the array. For highly expressed genes, visible signal was detected at 312.5 ng of total RNA, indicating that these new methods may have sufficient environmental sensitivity without the need to perform PCR. JF - Water Science & Technology: Water Supply AU - Straub, T M AU - Quinonez-Diaz, M D AU - Valdez, C O AU - Call, D R AU - Chandler, D P AD - *Environmental Microbiology Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd., MS P7-50, Richland, Washington 99352, USA (E-mail: timothy.straub[at]pnl.gov)**Environmental Microbiology Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd., MS P7-50, Richland, Washington 99352, USA (E-mail: maria.quinonez-diaz[at]pnl.gov)***Environmental Microbiology Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd., MS P7-50, Richland, Washington 99352, USA (E-mail: catherine.valdez[at]pnl.gov)****Department of Vet. Micro. & Path., Washington State University, 402 Bustad Hall, P.O. Box 647040, Pullman, Washington 99164-7040, USA (E-mail: drcall[at]wsu.edu)*****Biochip Technology Group, Ational Laboratory, 9700 Cass Avenue, 202 Building, A249, Argonne, Illinois, 60439 USA (E-mail: dchandler[at]anl.gov) Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 107 EP - 114 VL - 4 IS - 2 SN - 1606-9749, 1606-9749 KW - Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Aqualine Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Bacteria (Enterobacteriaceae) (Escherichia) KW - Single-nucleotide polymorphism KW - Escherichia coli KW - Genotypes KW - Cryptosporidium parvum KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - W 30910:Imaging KW - V 22300:Methods KW - SW 0810:General KW - K 03300:Methods KW - ENA 16:Renewable Resources-Water KW - N 14810:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20952532?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+%26+Technology%3A+Water+Supply&rft.atitle=Using+DNA+microarrays+to+detect+multiple+pathogen+threats+in+water%3B+Using+DNA+microarrays+to+detect+multiple+pathogen+threats+in+water&rft.au=Straub%2C+T+M%3BQuinonez-Diaz%2C+M+D%3BValdez%2C+C+O%3BCall%2C+D+R%3BChandler%2C+D+P&rft.aulast=Straub&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=107&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+%26+Technology%3A+Water+Supply&rft.issn=16069749&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-11 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Single-nucleotide polymorphism; Genotypes; Escherichia coli; Cryptosporidium parvum ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A rational approach for discovering and validating cancer markers in very small samples using mass spectrometry and ELISA microarrays AN - 19500770; 8719907 AB - Identifying useful markers of cancer can be problematic due to limited amounts of sample. Some samples such as nipple aspirate fluid (NAF) or early-stage tumors are inherently small. Other samples such as serum are collected in larger volumes but archives of these samples are very valuable and only small amounts of each sample may be available for a single study. Also, given the diverse nature of cancer and the inherent variability in individual protein levels, it seems likely that the best approach to screen for cancer will be to determine the profile of a battery of proteins. As a result, a major challenge in identifying protein markers of disease is the ability to screen many proteins using very small amounts of sample. In this review, we outline some technological advances in proteomics that greatly advance this capability. Specifically, we propose a strategy for identifying markers of breast cancer in NAF that utilizes mass spectrometry (MS) to simultaneously screen hundreds or thousands of proteins in each sample. The best potential markers identified by the MS analysis can then be extensively characterized using an ELISA microarray assay. Because the microarray analysis is quantitative and large numbers of samples can be efficiently analyzed, this approach offers the ability to rapidly assess a battery of selected proteins in a manner that is directly relevant to traditional clinical assays. JF - Disease Markers AU - Zangar, Richard C AU - Varnum, Susan M AU - Covington, Chandice Y AU - Smith, Richard D AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 135 EP - 148 PB - IOS Press, Nieuwe Hemweg 6B VL - 20 IS - 3 SN - 0278-0240, 0278-0240 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - proteomics KW - protein microarray KW - biomarker KW - mass spectrometry KW - Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay KW - Nipples KW - Reviews KW - Breast cancer KW - Tumors KW - Development KW - biomarkers KW - Mass spectroscopy KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19500770?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Disease+Markers&rft.atitle=A+rational+approach+for+discovering+and+validating+cancer+markers+in+very+small+samples+using+mass+spectrometry+and+ELISA+microarrays&rft.au=Zangar%2C+Richard+C%3BVarnum%2C+Susan+M%3BCovington%2C+Chandice+Y%3BSmith%2C+Richard+D&rft.aulast=Zangar&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=135&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Disease+Markers&rft.issn=02780240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Nipples; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Reviews; Breast cancer; Development; proteomics; Tumors; biomarkers; Mass spectroscopy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mid-Century Ensemble Regional Climate Change Scenarios for the Western United States AN - 18062340; 5855884 AB - To study the impacts of climate change on water resources in the western U.S., global climate simulations were produced using the National Center for Atmospheric Research/Department of Energy (NCAR/DOE) Parallel Climate Model (PCM). The Penn State/NCAR Mesoscale Model (MM5) was used to downscale the PCM control (20 years) and three future (2040-2060) climate simulations to yield ensemble regional climate simulations at 40 km spatial resolution for the western U.S. This paper describes the regional simulations and focuses on the hydroclimate conditions in the Columbia River Basin (CRB) and Sacramento-San Joaquin River (SSJ) Basin. Results based on global and regional simulations show that by mid-century, the average regional warming of 1 to 2.5 degree C strongly affects snowpack in the western U.S. Along coastal mountains, reduction in annual snowpack was about 70% as indicated by the regional simulations. Besides changes in mean temperature, precipitation, and snowpack, cold season extreme daily precipitation increased by 5 to 15 mm/day (15-20%) along the Cascades and the Sierra. The warming resulted in increased rainfall at the expense of reduced snowfall, and reduced snow accumulation (or earlier snowmelt) during the cold season. In the CRB, these changes were accompanied by more frequent rain-on-snow events. Overall, they induced higher likelihood of wintertime flooding and reduced runoff and soil moisture in the summer. Changes in surface water and energy budgets in the CRB and SSJ basin were affected mainly by changes in surface temperature, which were statistically significant at the 0.95 confidence level. Changes in precipitation, while spatially incoherent, were not statistically significant except for the drying trend during summer. Because snow and runoff are highly sensitive to spatial distributions of temperature and precipitation, this study shows that (1) downscaling provides more realistic estimates of hydrologic impacts in mountainous regions such as the western U.S., and (2) despite relatively small changes in temperature and precipitation, changes in snowpack and runoff can be much larger on monthly to seasonal time scales because the effects of temperature and precipitation are integrated over time and space through various surface hydrological and land-atmosphere feedback processes. Although the results reported in this study were derived from an ensemble of regional climate simulations driven by a global climate model that displays low climate sensitivity compared with most other models, climate change was found to significantly affect water resources in the western U.S. by the mid twenty-first century. JF - Climatic Change AU - Leung, L R AU - Qian, Y AU - Bian, X AU - Washington, WM AU - Han, J AU - Roads, JO AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, U.S.A., ruby.leung@pnl.gov Y1 - 2004/01// PY - 2004 DA - Jan 2004 SP - 75 EP - 113 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers VL - 62 IS - 1-3 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - Mesoscale Model 5 KW - Parallel Climate Model KW - Snowpack KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - Q5 01522:Protective measures and control KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - M2 551.581:Latitudinal Influences (551.581) KW - M2 556.1:Hydrologic Cycle (556.1) KW - Q2 02171:Dynamics of lakes and rivers KW - SW 2010:Control of water on the surface UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18062340?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=Mid-Century+Ensemble+Regional+Climate+Change+Scenarios+for+the+Western+United+States&rft.au=Leung%2C+L+R%3BQian%2C+Y%3BBian%2C+X%3BWashington%2C+WM%3BHan%2C+J%3BRoads%2C+JO&rft.aulast=Leung&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=75&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/10.1023%2FB%3ACLIM.0000013692.50640.55 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:CLIM.0000013692.50640.55 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Improved detection of multi-phosphorylated peptides in the presence of phosphoric acid in liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry AN - 17876086; 5846565 AB - In contrast to lower phosphorylation states (e.g. the tryptic monophosphopeptide FQpSEEQQQTEDELQDK from bovine beta -casein), the specific detection of multi-phosphorylated peptides (e.g. the tetraphosphopeptide RELEELNVPGEIVEpSLpSpSpSEESITR from tryptic digestion of bovine beta -casein) has often been problematic for liquid chromatographic mass spectrometric (LC/MS) analysis owing to their high affinity for adsorption to exposed surfaces. We observed an enhancement in the overall detection of phosphopeptides on addition of phosphoric acid (0.1-1.0%) to the sample solution; a 10-fold increase in sensitivity was determined for the detection of two tryptic phosphopeptides and also a significant improvement in the detection of the tetraphosphopeptide. Using capillary LC with ion trap tandem MS for detection and identification, the achievable detection limits were 50 fmol and 50 pmol for the monophosphopeptide and the tetraphosphopeptide, respectively. Phosphoric acid is believed to act as a blocking agent to available silanol groups on both the silica capillary surface and the C sub(18)-bonded stationary phase silica surface. JF - Journal of Mass Spectrometry AU - Kim, J AU - Camp, D G AU - Smith, R D AD - Biological Sciences Division, MSIN K8-98, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352 USA Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 208 EP - 215 VL - 39 IS - 2 SN - 1076-5174, 1076-5174 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - stationary phase KW - Silica KW - Phosphorylation KW - Liquid chromatography KW - Adsorption KW - Casein KW - Mass spectroscopy KW - phosphoric acid KW - W4 130:General Biomedical Engineering: Tools & Techniques KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17876086?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Mass+Spectrometry&rft.atitle=Improved+detection+of+multi-phosphorylated+peptides+in+the+presence+of+phosphoric+acid+in+liquid+chromatography%2Fmass+spectrometry&rft.au=Kim%2C+J%3BCamp%2C+D+G%3BSmith%2C+R+D&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=208&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Mass+Spectrometry&rft.issn=10765174&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fjms.593 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - phosphoric acid; Mass spectroscopy; Silica; Casein; Adsorption; Phosphorylation; Liquid chromatography; stationary phase DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jms.593 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simultaneous super(1)H PFG-NMR and confocal microscopy of monolayer cell cultures: Effects of apoptosis and necrosis on water diffusion and compartmentalization AN - 17586755; 6026454 AB - We induced apoptosis and necrosis in monolayer cultures of Chinese hamster ovary cells using okadaic acid and hydrogen peroxide (H sub(2)O sub(2)), respectively, and examined the effect on water diffusion and compartmentalization using pulsed-field-gradient (PFG) super(1)H-NMR and simultaneous confocal microscopy. In PFG experiments characterized by a fixed diffusion time (2 in apoptotic cells, in accordance with observed cell shrinkage, and changed little in necrotic counterparts, where only slight swelling was evident. These results indicate that PFG super(1)H-NMR serves as a sensitive indicator of early cell death in monolayer cultures, and can be used to distinguish apoptosis from necrosis. Measurements of restricted diffusion and water exchange are presented to elucidate the compartment origins and justify the model assumptions. Magn Reson Med 52:495-505, 2004. JF - Magnetic Resonance in Medicine AU - Minard, Kevin R AU - Holtom, Gary R AU - Kathmann, Loel E AU - Majors, Paul D AU - Thrall, Brian D AU - Wind, Robert A AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, Robert.Wind@pnl.gov Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 495 EP - 505 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD UK, [mailto:customer@wiley.co.uk], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 52 IS - 3 SN - 0740-3194, 0740-3194 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Water exchange KW - Apoptosis KW - Cell culture KW - Water content KW - Okadaic acid KW - Necrosis KW - Plasma membranes KW - Hydrogen peroxide KW - Confocal microscopy KW - Atrophy KW - N.M.R. KW - Diffusion KW - W4 150:Medical Imaging KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17586755?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Magnetic+Resonance+in+Medicine&rft.atitle=Simultaneous+super%281%29H+PFG-NMR+and+confocal+microscopy+of+monolayer+cell+cultures%3A+Effects+of+apoptosis+and+necrosis+on+water+diffusion+and+compartmentalization&rft.au=Minard%2C+Kevin+R%3BHoltom%2C+Gary+R%3BKathmann%2C+Loel+E%3BMajors%2C+Paul+D%3BThrall%2C+Brian+D%3BWind%2C+Robert+A&rft.aulast=Minard&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=495&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Magnetic+Resonance+in+Medicine&rft.issn=07403194&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fmrm.20179 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Diffusion; Apoptosis; Necrosis; Cell culture; Hydrogen peroxide; Confocal microscopy; Water exchange; N.M.R.; Okadaic acid; Water content; Atrophy; Plasma membranes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrm.20179 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Linearity and reversibility of iodide adsorption on sediments from Hanford, Washington under water saturated conditions AN - 17245145; 6972663 AB - A series of adsorption and desorption experiments were completed to determine the linearity and reversibility of iodide adsorption onto sediment at the Hanford Site in southeastern Washington. Adsorption experiments conducted with Hanford formation sediment and groundwater spiked with dissolved super(125)I (as an analog tracer for super(129)I) indicated that iodide adsorption was very low (0.2 mL/g) at pH 7.5 and could be represented by a linear isotherm up to a total concentration of 100 mg/L dissolved iodide. The results of desorption experiments revealed that up to 60% of adsorbed iodide was readily desorbed after 14 days by iodide-free groundwater. Because iodide adsorption was considered to be partially reversible, even though small amount of initial iodide is retarded by adsorption at mineral-water interfaces, the weak adsorption affinity results in release of iodide when iodide-free pore waters and uncontaminated groundwaters contact the contaminated sediments in the vadose zone and aquifer systems. JF - Water Research AU - Um, Wooyong AU - Serne, RJeffrey AU - Krupka, Kenneth M AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Applied Geology and Geochemistry, Richland, WA 99352, USA, wooyong.um@pnl.gov Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 2009 EP - 2016 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 38 IS - 8 SN - 0043-1354, 0043-1354 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Author Keywords: Adsorption KW - Desorption KW - Radionuclide KW - Iodide KW - Distribution coefficient KW - Hanford site KW - Aquifers KW - Pore water KW - Iodides KW - Aquifer KW - Analogs KW - Groundwater Pollution KW - Freshwater KW - USA, Washington KW - Tracers KW - Sediment Contamination KW - Isotherms KW - pH KW - Sediment pollution KW - iodides KW - Interstitial Water KW - affinity KW - Sediments KW - USA, Washington, Hanford Site KW - Sedimentary structures KW - USA, Washington, Hanford KW - Adsorption KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Groundwater KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - Q2 09264:Sediments and sedimentation KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17245145?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Research&rft.atitle=Linearity+and+reversibility+of+iodide+adsorption+on+sediments+from+Hanford%2C+Washington+under+water+saturated+conditions&rft.au=Um%2C+Wooyong%3BSerne%2C+RJeffrey%3BKrupka%2C+Kenneth+M&rft.aulast=Um&rft.aufirst=Wooyong&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=2009&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Research&rft.issn=00431354&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.watres.2004.01.026 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aquifer; Tracers; Sediment pollution; Iodides; Sedimentary structures; Analogs; Adsorption; Groundwater pollution; Isotherms; Sediments; Aquifers; Pore water; Desorption; iodides; Groundwater; pH; affinity; Sediment Contamination; Groundwater Pollution; Interstitial Water; USA, Washington; USA, Washington, Hanford; USA, Washington, Hanford Site; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2004.01.026 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chromium speciation and mobility in a high level nuclear waste vadose zone plume AN - 16167361; 5793343 AB - Radioactive core samples containing elevated concentrations of Cr from a high level nuclear waste plume in the Hanford vadose zone were studied to asses the future mobility of Cr. Cr(VI) is an important subsurface contaminant at the Hanford Site. The plume originated in 1969 by leakage of self-boiling supernate from a tank containing REDOX process waste. The supernate contained high concentrations of alkali (NaOH ~ 5.25 mol/L), salt (NaNO sub(3)/NaNO sub(2) >10 mol/L), aluminate [Al(OH) sub(4) super(-) = 3.36 mol/L], Cr(VI) (0.413 mol/L), and super(137)Cs super(+) (6.51 x 10 super(-5) mol/L). Water and acid extraction of the oxidized subsurface sediments indicated that a significant portion of the total Cr was associated with the solid phase. Mineralogic analyses, Cr valence speciation measurements by X-ray adsorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy, and small column leaching studies were performed to identify the chemical retardation mechanism and leachability of Cr. While X- ray diffraction detected little mineralogic change to the sediments from waste reaction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that mineral particles within 5 m of the point of tank failure were coated with secondary, sodium aluminosilicate precipitates. The density of these precipitates decreased with distance from the source (e.g. beyond 10 m). The XANES and column studies demonstrated the reduction of 29-75% of the total Cr to insoluble Cr(III), and the apparent precipitation of up to 43% of the Cr(VI) as an unidentified, non- leachable phase. Both Cr(VI) reduction and Cr(VI) precipitation were greater in sediments closer to the leak source where significant mineral alteration was noted by SEM. These and other observations imply that basic mineral hydrolysis driven by large concentrations of OH super(-) in the waste stream liberated Fe(II) from the otherwise oxidizing sediments that served as a reductant for CrO sub(4) super(2-). The coarse-textured Hanford sediments contain silt-sized mineral phases (biotite, clinochlore, magnetite, and ilmenite) that are sources of Fe(II). Other dissolution products (e.g. Ba super(2+)) or Al(OH) sub(4) super(-) present in the waste stream may have induced Cr(VI) precipitation as pH moderated through mineral reaction. The results demonstrate that a minimum of 42% of the total Cr inventory in all of the samples was immobilized as Cr(III) and Cr(VI) precipitates that are unlikely to dissolve and migrate to groundwater under the low recharge conditions of the Hanford vadose zone. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Zachara, J M AU - Ainsworth, C C AU - Brown, GE Jr AU - Catalano, J G AU - McKinley, J P AU - Qafoku, O AU - Smith, S C AU - Szecsody, JE AU - Traina, S J AU - Warner, JA AD - super(1) Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA, john.zachara@pnl.gov Y1 - 2004/01// PY - 2004 DA - Jan 2004 SP - 13 EP - 30 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., Pergamon, P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 68 IS - 1 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - vadose zone KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Storage KW - Groundwater recharge KW - Leakage KW - Radioactive wastes KW - Waste disposal KW - Plumes KW - USA, Washington, Hanford Site KW - P 8000:RADIATION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16167361?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Chromium+speciation+and+mobility+in+a+high+level+nuclear+waste+vadose+zone+plume&rft.au=Zachara%2C+J+M%3BAinsworth%2C+C+C%3BBrown%2C+GE+Jr%3BCatalano%2C+J+G%3BMcKinley%2C+J+P%3BQafoku%2C+O%3BSmith%2C+S+C%3BSzecsody%2C+JE%3BTraina%2C+S+J%3BWarner%2C+JA&rft.aulast=Zachara&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2803%2900417-4 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Storage; Risk assessment; Groundwater recharge; Leakage; Radioactive wastes; Waste disposal; Plumes; USA, Washington, Hanford Site DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(03)00417-4 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Gorges, clays, and coulees; field trip guide 1 and 3; Missoula floods and the Channeled Scabland; ice-age floods through the western Channeled Scabland AN - 1400619063; 2013-055264 JF - Gorges, clays, and coulees; field trip guide 1 and 3; Missoula floods and the Channeled Scabland; ice-age floods through the western Channeled Scabland AU - Bjornstad, Bruce Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 30 PB - Clay Minerals Society KW - United States KW - clay KW - volcanic rocks KW - geologic hazards KW - igneous rocks KW - guidebook KW - gorges KW - field trips KW - clastic dikes KW - road log KW - soft sediment deformation KW - Cenozoic KW - bedding plane irregularities KW - erratics KW - mass movements KW - basalts KW - sediments KW - floods KW - megaripples KW - sedimentary structures KW - Washington KW - Quaternary KW - valleys KW - clastic sediments KW - Lake Missoula KW - bars KW - channels KW - coulees KW - landslides KW - natural hazards KW - Pleistocene KW - Channeled Scabland KW - catastrophes KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1400619063?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Bjornstad%2C+Bruce&rft.aulast=Bjornstad&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Gorges%2C+clays%2C+and+coulees%3B+field+trip+guide+1+and+3%3B+Missoula+floods+and+the+Channeled+Scabland%3B+ice-age+floods+through+the+western+Channeled+Scabland&rft.title=Gorges%2C+clays%2C+and+coulees%3B+field+trip+guide+1+and+3%3B+Missoula+floods+and+the+Channeled+Scabland%3B+ice-age+floods+through+the+western+Channeled+Scabland&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - SuppNotes - 41st annual meeting of the Clay Minerals Society, June 19-24, 2004, Richlaand, WA N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity of radionuclide and heavy metals to Desulfovibrio desulfuricans AN - 1151913367; 2012-098107 JF - Abstracts - Annual Meeting - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) AU - Sani, R K AU - Peyton, B M AU - Dohnalkova, A Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 67 EP - 68 PB - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, [location varies] VL - 25 KW - toxic materials KW - isotopes KW - copper KW - pollution KW - lead KW - suspended materials KW - Desulfovibrio desulfuricans KW - remediation KW - radioactive isotopes KW - toxicity KW - transport KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - oxides KW - uranium KW - uraninite KW - actinides KW - heavy metals KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1151913367?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.atitle=Toxicity+of+radionuclide+and+heavy+metals+to+Desulfovibrio+desulfuricans&rft.au=Sani%2C+R+K%3BPeyton%2C+B+M%3BDohnalkova%2C+A&rft.aulast=Sani&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=67&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth SETAC world congress and 25th annual meeting in North America N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - ISSN 1087-8939 N1 - Last updated - 2012-11-15 N1 - CODEN - #04767 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; bacteria; copper; Desulfovibrio desulfuricans; heavy metals; isotopes; lead; metals; oxides; pollution; radioactive isotopes; remediation; suspended materials; toxic materials; toxicity; transport; uraninite; uranium ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Investigations of Fe and Mn bioreduction in unconsolidated clastic sediments AN - 855195925; 2011-024553 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - McKinley, J P AU - Zachara, J M AU - Fredrickson, J K AU - Heald, S M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - Abstract B12C EP - 0805 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - iron oxides KW - manganese KW - iron KW - XANES spectra KW - Cenozoic KW - Tennessee KW - sediments KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - reduction KW - pH KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - Washington KW - clastic sediments KW - Hanford Site KW - Ringold Formation KW - X-ray spectra KW - Tertiary KW - biogenic processes KW - precipitation KW - Neogene KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - Pliocene KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/855195925?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Investigations+of+Fe+and+Mn+bioreduction+in+unconsolidated+clastic+sediments&rft.au=McKinley%2C+J+P%3BZachara%2C+J+M%3BFredrickson%2C+J+K%3BHeald%2C+S+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=McKinley&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biogenic processes; Cenozoic; clastic sediments; Hanford Site; iron; iron oxides; manganese; metals; Neogene; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; oxides; pH; Pliocene; precipitation; reduction; Ringold Formation; sediments; spectra; Tennessee; Tertiary; United States; Washington; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interaction of magnesium and inorganic carbon species with the dissolving calcite surface AN - 855195090; 2011-024540 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Amonette, J E AU - Arvidson, R S AU - Collier, M AU - Davis, K J AU - Vinson, M AU - Luttge, A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - Abstract B12C EP - 0792 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - biomineralization KW - alkaline earth metals KW - magnesium KW - crystal surface KW - terrestrial environment KW - metals KW - marine environment KW - carbon KW - crystal growth KW - carbonates KW - calcite KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/855195090?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Interaction+of+magnesium+and+inorganic+carbon+species+with+the+dissolving+calcite+surface&rft.au=Amonette%2C+J+E%3BArvidson%2C+R+S%3BCollier%2C+M%3BDavis%2C+K+J%3BVinson%2C+M%3BLuttge%2C+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Amonette&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; biomineralization; calcite; carbon; carbonates; crystal growth; crystal surface; magnesium; marine environment; metals; terrestrial environment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interaction of strontium with the calcite cleavage surface AN - 853221561; 2011-020550 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Vinson, Michael D AU - Arvidson, Rolf S AU - Amonette, James E AU - Luttge, Andreas AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - Abstract B21C EP - 0726 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - soils KW - cycles KW - Sr-90 KW - migration KW - alkaline earth metals KW - experimental studies KW - terrestrial environment KW - contaminant plumes KW - isotopes KW - radioactivity KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - solution KW - radioactive isotopes KW - atomic force microscopy data KW - metals KW - trace metals KW - carbonates KW - strontium KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/853221561?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Interaction+of+strontium+with+the+calcite+cleavage+surface&rft.au=Vinson%2C+Michael+D%3BArvidson%2C+Rolf+S%3BAmonette%2C+James+E%3BLuttge%2C+Andreas%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Vinson&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; atomic force microscopy data; carbonates; contaminant plumes; cycles; experimental studies; isotopes; metals; migration; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; radioactivity; soils; solution; Sr-90; strontium; terrestrial environment; trace metals ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Optimizing liquid effluent monitoring at a large nuclear complex. AN - 71579027; 15160897 AB - Effluent monitoring typically requires a large number of analytes and samples during the initial or startup phase of a facility. Once a baseline is established, the analyte list and sampling frequency may be reduced. Although there is a large body of literature relevant to the initial design, few, if any, published papers exist on updating established effluent monitoring programs. This paper statistically evaluates four years of baseline data to optimize the liquid effluent monitoring efficiency of a centralized waste treatment and disposal facility at a large defense nuclear complex. Specific objectives were to: (1) assess temporal variability in analyte concentrations, (2) determine operational factors contributing to waste stream variability, (3) assess the probability of exceeding permit limits, and (4) streamline the sampling and analysis regime. Results indicated that the probability of exceeding permit limits was one in a million under normal facility operating conditions, sampling frequency could be reduced, and several analytes could be eliminated. Furthermore, indicators such as gross alpha and gross beta measurements could be used in lieu of more expensive specific isotopic analyses (radium, cesium-137, and strontium-90) for routine monitoring. Study results were used by the state regulatory agency to modify monitoring requirements for a new discharge permit, resulting in an annual cost savings of US dollars 223,000. This case study demonstrates that statistical evaluation of effluent contaminant variability coupled with process knowledge can help plant managers and regulators streamline analyte lists and sampling frequencies based on detection history and environmental risk. JF - Environmental management AU - Chou, Charissa J AU - Barnett, D Brent AU - Johnson, Vernon G AU - Olson, Phil M AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, USA. Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 720 EP - 734 VL - 32 IS - 6 SN - 0364-152X, 0364-152X KW - Water Pollutants, Radioactive KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Reference Values KW - Cost Control KW - Cost Savings KW - Risk Assessment KW - Water Pollutants, Radioactive -- economics KW - Power Plants KW - Environmental Monitoring -- economics KW - Water Pollutants, Radioactive -- analysis KW - Waste Disposal, Fluid -- economics KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71579027?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+management&rft.atitle=Optimizing+liquid+effluent+monitoring+at+a+large+nuclear+complex.&rft.au=Chou%2C+Charissa+J%3BBarnett%2C+D+Brent%3BJohnson%2C+Vernon+G%3BOlson%2C+Phil+M&rft.aulast=Chou&rft.aufirst=Charissa&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=720&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+management&rft.issn=0364152X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-06-08 N1 - Date created - 2004-05-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transformation of 2-line ferrihydrite to 6-line ferrihydrite under oxic and anoxic conditions AN - 51884319; 2004-018143 AB - Mineralogical transformations of 2-line ferrihydrite were studied under oxic and Fe (super 3+) -reducing conditions to establish the role, if any, of 6-line ferrihydrite ("well" organized ferrihydrite) in the reaction pathway and as a final product. In oxic experiments, concentrated suspensions (0.42 mol/L Fe (super 3+) in 0.1 mol/L NaClO (sub 4) ) of freshly synthesized 2-line ferrihydrite, with and without 3% Ni (super 2+) , were aged at an initial pH = 7.2 (unbuffered and unadjusted) and 25 degrees C for more than three years. X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and Mossbauer spectroscopy measurements were performed on the solids after different aging periods. The primary mineralogical products observed were 6-line ferrihydrite and goethite, with minor hematite. Aggregation and crystallization of the 2-line ferrihydrite liberated protons and depressed suspension pH, but coprecipitated Ni (super 2+) retarded this process. The joint, interrelated effects of Ni and pH influenced both the extent of conversion of 2-line ferrihydrite and the identity of the major transformation products. Six-line ferrihydrite dominated in the Ni ferrihydrite suspension, whereas goethite dominated in the absence of Ni. Aggregation-induced crystallization of 2-line ferrihydrite particles seemed responsible for 6-line ferrihydrite formation. Mineralogical changes to Ni ferrihydrite under anaerobic conditions were investigated at circumneutral pH using the Fe (super 3+) -reducing bacterium Shewanella putrefaciens. Residual 6-line ferrihydrite dominated bioreduced samples that also contained goethite and magnetite. The conversion of 2-line ferrihydrite to 6-line ferrihydrite was considerably more rapid under anaerobic conditions. The sorption of biogenic Fe (super 2+) apparently induced intra-aggregate transformation of 2-line ferrihydrite to 6-line ferrihydrite. Collectively, abiotic and biotic studies indicated that 6-line ferrihydrite can be a transformation product of 2-line ferrihydrite, especially when 2-line ferrihydrite is undergoing transformation to more stable hematite or magnetite. JF - American Mineralogist AU - Kukkadapu, Ravi K A2 - Becker, Udo A2 - Jambor, John L. A2 - Lumpkin, Gregory R. A2 - Pasteris, Jill Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 1903 EP - 1913 PB - Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC VL - 88 IS - 11-12, Part 2 SN - 0003-004X, 0003-004X KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - ferrihydrite KW - iron KW - aerobic environment KW - hematite KW - metals KW - oxides KW - anaerobic environment KW - spectra KW - ion exchange KW - transformations KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - Mossbauer spectra KW - magnetite KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51884319?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=Transformation+of+2-line+ferrihydrite+to+6-line+ferrihydrite+under+oxic+and+anoxic+conditions&rft.au=Kukkadapu%2C+Ravi+K&rft.aulast=Kukkadapu&rft.aufirst=Ravi&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=11-12%2C+Part+2&rft.spage=1903&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Mineralogist&rft.issn=0003004X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ammin.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 47 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AMMIAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerobic environment; anaerobic environment; ferrihydrite; geochemistry; hematite; ion exchange; iron; magnetite; metals; Mossbauer spectra; oxides; pH; spectra; transformations; X-ray diffraction data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Aluminum effect on dissolution and precipitation under hyperalkaline conditions; I, Liquid phase transformations AN - 51826133; 2004-052881 JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Qafoku, Nikolla P AU - Ainsworth, Calvin C AU - Szecsody, James E AU - Qafoku, Odeta S Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 2354 EP - 2363 PB - American Society of Agronomy, [and] Crop Science Society of America, [and] Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 32 IS - 6 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - K-feldspar KW - isotopes KW - waste disposal sites KW - unsaturated zone KW - solution KW - silicon KW - iron KW - radioactive isotopes KW - cesium KW - alkali feldspar KW - mica group KW - aluminum KW - sodium hydroxide KW - framework silicates KW - alkalinity KW - chromium KW - high-level waste KW - alkaline earth metals KW - experimental studies KW - Washington KW - pollutants KW - alkali metals KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - electrolytes KW - solubility KW - Cs-137 KW - liquid waste KW - metals KW - sheet silicates KW - uranium KW - waste disposal KW - feldspar group KW - actinides KW - strontium KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51826133?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Aluminum+effect+on+dissolution+and+precipitation+under+hyperalkaline+conditions%3B+I%2C+Liquid+phase+transformations&rft.au=Qafoku%2C+Nikolla+P%3BAinsworth%2C+Calvin+C%3BSzecsody%2C+James+E%3BQafoku%2C+Odeta+S&rft.aulast=Qafoku&rft.aufirst=Nikolla&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2354&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://jeq.scijournals.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JEVQAA N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; alkali feldspar; alkali metals; alkaline earth metals; alkalinity; aluminum; cesium; chromium; Cs-137; electrolytes; experimental studies; feldspar group; framework silicates; Hanford Site; high-level waste; iron; isotopes; K-feldspar; liquid waste; metals; mica group; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; sheet silicates; silicates; silicon; sodium hydroxide; solubility; solution; strontium; United States; unsaturated zone; uranium; Washington; waste disposal; waste disposal sites ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Temporal shifts in the geochemistry and microbial community structure of an ultradeep mine borehole following isolation AN - 51790446; 2004-078957 AB - A borehole draining a water-bearing dyke fracture at 3.2-km depth in a South African Au mine was isolated from the open mine environment. Geochemical, stable isotopic, nucleic acid-based, and phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analyses were employed as culture-independent means for assessing shifts in the microbial community and habitat as the system equilibrated with the native rock-water environment. Over a two-month period, the pH increased from 5.5 to 7.4, concurrent with a drop in pe from -2 to -3. Whereas rDNAs related to Desulfotomaculum spp. represented the major clone type encountered throughout, lipid biomarker profiling along with 16S rDNA clone library and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analyses indicated the emergence of other Gram-positive and deeply-branching lineages in samples during the later stages of the equilibration period. A biofilm that formed on the mine wall below the borehole produced abundant rDNAs related to the alpha Proteobacteria. beta - and gamma -Proteobacteria appeared to transiently bloom in the borehole shortly after isolation. Chemical modeling and sulfur isotope analyses of the borehole effluent indicated that microbial sulfate reduction was the major terminal electron-accepting process shortly after isolation, whereas Fe (super +3) reduction dominated towards the end of the experiment. The persistence of Desulfotomaculum-like bacteria throughout suggests that these organisms adapted to changing geochemical conditions as the redox decreased and pH increased following the isolation of the borehole from the mine atmosphere. The restoration of anaerobic aquatic chemistry to this borehole environment may have allowed microbiota indigenous to the local basalt aquifer to become more dominant among the diverse collection of bacterial lineages present in the borehole. JF - Geomicrobiology Journal AU - Moser, D P AU - Onstott, T C AU - Fredrickson, J K AU - Brockman, F J AU - Balkwill, D L AU - Drake, G R AU - Pfiffner, S M AU - White, D C AU - Baker, B J AU - Hoek, J Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 517 EP - 548 PB - Taylor & Francis, London VL - 20 IS - 6 SN - 0149-0451, 0149-0451 KW - mines KW - Driefontein Mine KW - acid mine drainage KW - Gauteng South Africa KW - geomicrobiology KW - fissures KW - pollution KW - hydrochemistry KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - Johannesburg South Africa KW - boreholes KW - water-rock interaction KW - isolation KW - Southern Africa KW - biofilms KW - bacteria KW - anaerobic environment KW - Africa KW - South Africa KW - geochemistry KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51790446?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geomicrobiology+Journal&rft.atitle=Temporal+shifts+in+the+geochemistry+and+microbial+community+structure+of+an+ultradeep+mine+borehole+following+isolation&rft.au=Moser%2C+D+P%3BOnstott%2C+T+C%3BFredrickson%2C+J+K%3BBrockman%2C+F+J%3BBalkwill%2C+D+L%3BDrake%2C+G+R%3BPfiffner%2C+S+M%3BWhite%2C+D+C%3BBaker%2C+B+J%3BHoek%2C+J&rft.aulast=Moser&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=517&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geomicrobiology+Journal&rft.issn=01490451&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F01490450390249280 L2 - http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~content=t713722957~db=all LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 73 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GEJODG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid mine drainage; Africa; anaerobic environment; aquifers; bacteria; biofilms; boreholes; Driefontein Mine; fissures; Gauteng South Africa; geochemistry; geomicrobiology; ground water; hydrochemistry; isolation; Johannesburg South Africa; microorganisms; mines; pollution; South Africa; Southern Africa; water-rock interaction DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01490450390249280 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Surface structure effects on direct reduction of iron oxides by Shewanella oneidensis AN - 51751628; 2005-014285 AB - The atomic and electronic structure of mineral surfaces affects many environmentally important processes such as adsorption phenomena. They are however rarely considered relevant to dissimilatory bacterial reduction of iron and manganese minerals. In this regard, surface area and thermodynamics are more commonly considered. Here we take a first step towards understanding the nature of the influence of mineral surface structure upon the rate of electron transfer from Shewanella oneidensis strain MR-1 outer membrane proteins to the mineral surface and the subsequent effect upon cell "activity". Cell accumulation has been used as a proxy for cell activity at three iron oxide single crystal faces; hematite (001), magnetite (111) and magnetite (100). Clear differences in cell accumulation at, and release from the surfaces are observed, with significantly more cells accumulating at hematite (001) compared to either magnetite face whilst relatively more cells are released into the overlying aqueous phase from the two magnetite faces than hematite. Modeling of the electron transfer process to the different mineral surfaces from a decaheme (protoporphyrin rings containing a central hexacoordinate iron atom), outer membrane-bound cytochrome of S. oneidensis has been accomplished by employing both Marcus and ab initio density functional theories. The resultant model of electron transfer to the three oxide faces predicts that over the entire range of expected electron transfer distances the highest electron transfer rates occur at the hematite (001) surface, mirroring the observed cell accumulation data. Electron transfer rates to either of the two magnetite surfaces are slower, with magnetite (111) slower than hematite (001) by approximately two orders of magnitude. A lack of knowledge regarding the structural details of the heme-mineral interface, especially in regards to atomic distances and relative orientations of hemes and surface iron atoms and the conformation of the protein envelope, precludes a more thorough analysis. However, the results of the modeling concur with the empirical observation that mineral surface structure has a clear influence on mineral surface-associated cell activity. Thus surface structure effects must be accounted for in future studies of cell-mineral interactions. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Neal, Andrew L AU - Rosso, Kevin M AU - Geesey, Gill G AU - Gorby, Yuri A AU - Little, Brenda J Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 4489 EP - 4503 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 67 IS - 23 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - biodegradation KW - iron oxides KW - crystal structure KW - Shewanella KW - iron KW - surface structure KW - geochemical cycle KW - theoretical studies KW - biogenic processes KW - chemical reactions KW - hematite KW - metals KW - Shewanella oneidensis KW - bacteria KW - oxides KW - anaerobic environment KW - surface reactions KW - reduction KW - mobility KW - geochemistry KW - magnetite KW - growth KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51751628?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Surface+structure+effects+on+direct+reduction+of+iron+oxides+by+Shewanella+oneidensis&rft.au=Neal%2C+Andrew+L%3BRosso%2C+Kevin+M%3BGeesey%2C+Gill+G%3BGorby%2C+Yuri+A%3BLittle%2C+Brenda+J&rft.aulast=Neal&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=4489&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2803%2900386-7 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 89 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anaerobic environment; bacteria; biodegradation; biogenic processes; chemical reactions; crystal structure; geochemical cycle; geochemistry; growth; hematite; iron; iron oxides; magnetite; metals; mobility; oxides; reduction; Shewanella; Shewanella oneidensis; surface reactions; surface structure; theoretical studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(03)00386-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling the influence of transport on chemical reactivity in microbial membranes; mineral precipitation/dissolution reactions AN - 51570240; 2006-052724 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Felmy, Andrew Robert AU - Liu, Chongxuan AU - Clark, Susan AU - Straatsma, Tjerk AU - Rustad, James AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - Abstract B11A EP - 07 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - models KW - reactivity KW - diffusion KW - transport KW - precipitation KW - biochemistry KW - bacteria KW - solution KW - simulation KW - geochemistry KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51570240?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Modeling+the+influence+of+transport+on+chemical+reactivity+in+microbial+membranes%3B+mineral+precipitation%2Fdissolution+reactions&rft.au=Felmy%2C+Andrew+Robert%3BLiu%2C+Chongxuan%3BClark%2C+Susan%3BStraatsma%2C+Tjerk%3BRustad%2C+James%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Felmy&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biochemistry; diffusion; geochemistry; models; precipitation; reactivity; simulation; solution; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A practical multifluid flow model including mobile, residual, and entrapped NAPL AN - 51256025; 2008-063480 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Oostrom, M AU - White, M D AU - Lenhard, R J AU - Wietsma, T W AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - INEEL KW - laboratory studies KW - Idaho KW - experimental studies KW - numerical models KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - preferential flow KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51256025?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=A+practical+multifluid+flow+model+including+mobile%2C+residual%2C+and+entrapped+NAPL&rft.au=Oostrom%2C+M%3BWhite%2C+M+D%3BLenhard%2C+R+J%3BWietsma%2C+T+W%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Oostrom&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F671&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - experimental studies; Idaho; INEEL; laboratory studies; nonaqueous phase liquids; numerical models; pollutants; pollution; preferential flow; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The subsurface flow and transport laboratory; a new Department of Energy user's facility for intermediate-scale experimentation AN - 51255195; 2008-063486 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Wietsma, T W AU - Oostrom, M AU - Foster, N S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - U. S. Department of Energy KW - experimental studies KW - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory KW - transport KW - government agencies KW - pollution KW - preferential flow KW - simulation KW - research KW - ground water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51255195?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=The+subsurface+flow+and+transport+laboratory%3B+a+new+Department+of+Energy+user%27s+facility+for+intermediate-scale+experimentation&rft.au=Wietsma%2C+T+W%3BOostrom%2C+M%3BFoster%2C+N+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wietsma&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F672&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - experimental studies; government agencies; ground water; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; pollution; preferential flow; research; simulation; transport; U. S. Department of Energy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tracing the sources and history of subsurface contamination at the Hanford Site in Washington using high-precision uranium isotopic measurements AN - 51255047; 2008-063469 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Christensen, John N AU - Dresel, P Evan AU - Conrad, Mark E AU - Maher, Kate AU - DePaolo, Donald J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - plumes KW - Washington KW - contaminant plumes KW - isotopes KW - isotope ratios KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - ground water KW - radioactive isotopes KW - metals KW - uranium KW - U-238/U-234 KW - U-238/U-235 KW - actinides KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51255047?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Tracing+the+sources+and+history+of+subsurface+contamination+at+the+Hanford+Site+in+Washington+using+high-precision+uranium+isotopic+measurements&rft.au=Christensen%2C+John+N%3BDresel%2C+P+Evan%3BConrad%2C+Mark+E%3BMaher%2C+Kate%3BDePaolo%2C+Donald+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Christensen&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F669&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; contaminant plumes; ground water; Hanford Site; isotope ratios; isotopes; metals; plumes; pollution; radioactive isotopes; U-238/U-234; U-238/U-235; United States; uranium; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evidence for the occurrence of microbial iron reduction in bulk aerobic unsaturated sediments AN - 51252208; 2008-066757 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Cooper, David C AU - Kukkadapu, Ravi K AU - Smith, William A AU - Fox, Don T AU - Plummer, Mitchell A AU - Hull, Laurence C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - F315 EP - F316 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - soils KW - oxygen KW - iron minerals KW - pollutants KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - simulation KW - iron KW - ground water KW - aerobic environment KW - nutrients KW - mineral composition KW - decontamination KW - soil pollution KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - sediments KW - DNA KW - reduction KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51252208?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Evidence+for+the+occurrence+of+microbial+iron+reduction+in+bulk+aerobic+unsaturated+sediments&rft.au=Cooper%2C+David+C%3BKukkadapu%2C+Ravi+K%3BSmith%2C+William+A%3BFox%2C+Don+T%3BPlummer%2C+Mitchell+A%3BHull%2C+Laurence+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Cooper&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F315&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerobic environment; bacteria; decontamination; DNA; ground water; iron; iron minerals; metals; mineral composition; nutrients; oxygen; pollutants; pollution; reduction; sediments; simulation; soil pollution; soils; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The global distribution of candidate geological CO2 reservoirs and their economic implications for deployment of carbon capture technology AN - 51090822; 2008-080866 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Friedmann, Julio AU - Edmonds, James A AU - Dooley, James J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - technology KW - underground storage KW - injection KW - pollution KW - enhanced recovery KW - cost KW - reservoir rocks KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - aquifers KW - waste management KW - mitigation KW - underground installations KW - greenhouse effect KW - point sources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51090822?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=The+global+distribution+of+candidate+geological+CO2+reservoirs+and+their+economic+implications+for+deployment+of+carbon+capture+technology&rft.au=Friedmann%2C+Julio%3BEdmonds%2C+James+A%3BDooley%2C+James+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Friedmann&rft.aufirst=Julio&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F569&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; carbon dioxide; cost; enhanced recovery; greenhouse effect; ground water; injection; mitigation; point sources; pollution; reservoir rocks; technology; underground installations; underground storage; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling episodic surface runoff in an arid environment AN - 50860352; 2008-096599 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Waichler, Scott R AU - Wigmosta, Mark S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - Washington KW - terrestrial environment KW - sediment transport KW - rainfall KW - arid environment KW - surface water KW - prediction KW - Hanford Site KW - water balance KW - variations KW - temperature KW - aquifers KW - models KW - environmental management KW - recharge KW - sensitivity analysis KW - runoff KW - drainage basins KW - frozen ground KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50860352?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Modeling+episodic+surface+runoff+in+an+arid+environment&rft.au=Waichler%2C+Scott+R%3BWigmosta%2C+Mark+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Waichler&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F599&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; arid environment; drainage basins; environmental management; frozen ground; Hanford Site; hydrology; models; prediction; rainfall; recharge; runoff; sediment transport; sensitivity analysis; surface water; temperature; terrestrial environment; United States; variations; Washington; water balance ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Maximum likelihood Bayesian averaging of spatial variability models in unsaturated fractured tuff AN - 50596031; 2008-096619 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Ye, Ming AU - Neuman, Shlomo P AU - Meyer, Philip D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - volcanic rocks KW - Bayesian analysis KW - igneous rocks KW - kriging KW - unsaturated zone KW - reservoir rocks KW - ground water KW - Apache Leap Research Site KW - spatial variations KW - tuff KW - central Arizona KW - uncertainty KW - Pinal County Arizona KW - variance analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - migration of elements KW - least-squares analysis KW - aquifers KW - models KW - pyroclastics KW - variograms KW - Arizona KW - permeability KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50596031?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Maximum+likelihood+Bayesian+averaging+of+spatial+variability+models+in+unsaturated+fractured+tuff&rft.au=Ye%2C+Ming%3BNeuman%2C+Shlomo+P%3BMeyer%2C+Philip+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ye&rft.aufirst=Ming&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F609&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Apache Leap Research Site; aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; Arizona; Bayesian analysis; central Arizona; ground water; igneous rocks; kriging; least-squares analysis; migration of elements; models; permeability; Pinal County Arizona; pollution; prediction; pyroclastics; reservoir rocks; spatial variations; statistical analysis; tuff; uncertainty; United States; unsaturated zone; variance analysis; variograms; volcanic rocks ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monte-Carlo simulation of bacterial transport in a heterogeneous aquifer with correlated hydrologic and reactive properties AN - 50550123; 2009-002250 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Scheibe, Timothy D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - Virginia KW - three-dimensional models KW - pollutants KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - Northampton County Virginia KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - reactivity KW - Oyster Virginia KW - transport KW - mathematical methods KW - bacteria KW - hydrodynamics KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - heterogeneity KW - water pollution KW - field studies KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50550123?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Monte-Carlo+simulation+of+bacterial+transport+in+a+heterogeneous+aquifer+with+correlated+hydrologic+and+reactive+properties&rft.au=Scheibe%2C+Timothy+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Scheibe&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F589&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; bacteria; field studies; ground water; heterogeneity; hydraulic conductivity; hydrodynamics; hydrology; mathematical methods; mathematical models; Monte Carlo analysis; Northampton County Virginia; Oyster Virginia; pollutants; pollution; reactivity; simulation; statistical analysis; three-dimensional models; transport; United States; Virginia; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Sensitivity of Precipitation and Snowpack Simulations to Model Resolution via Nesting in Regions of Complex Terrain AN - 18054923; 5808954 AB - This paper examines the sensitivity of regional climate simulations to increasing spatial resolution via nesting by means of a 20-yr simulation of the western United States at 40-km resolution and a 5-yr simulation at 13-km resolution for the Pacific Northwest and California. The regional simulation at 40-km resolution shows a lack of precipitation along coastal hills, good agreement with observations on the windward slopes of the Cascades and Sierra Nevada, but overprediction on the leeside and the basins beyond. Snowpack is grossly underpredicted throughout the western United States when compared against snowpack telemetry (snotel) observations. During winter, higher spatial resolution mainly improves the precipitation simulation in the coastal hills and basins. Along the Cascades and the Sierra Nevada range, precipitation is strongly amplified at the higher spatial resolution. Higher resolution generally improves the spatial distribution of precipitation to yield a higher spatial correlation between simulations and observations. During summer, higher resolution improves not only the spatial distribution but also the regional mean precipitation. In the Olympic Mountains and along the Coastal Range, increased precipitation at higher resolution reflects mainly a shift from light to heavy precipitation events. In the Cascades and Sierra Nevada, increased precipitation is mainly associated with more frequent heavy precipitation at higher resolution. Changes in precipitation from 40- to 13-km resolution depend on synoptic conditions such as wind direction and moisture transport. The use of higher spatial resolution improves snowpack more than precipitation. However, results presented in this paper suggest that accuracy in the snow simulation is also limited by factors such as deficiencies in the land surface model or biases in other model variables. JF - Journal of Hydrometeorology AU - Leung, L R AU - Qian, Y AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, rubyleung@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - Dec 2003 SP - 1025 EP - 1043 PB - American Meteorological Society VL - 4 IS - 6 SN - 1525-755X, 1525-755X KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Snowpack KW - Moisture KW - Snow cover models KW - USA, West KW - USA, Sierra Nevada Mts. KW - USA, Nevada KW - Spatial Distribution KW - Precipitation variations KW - Mountains KW - Model sensitivity KW - Telemetry KW - Nesting KW - USA, California KW - Slopes KW - Precipitation models KW - Wind KW - Snow KW - USA, Pacific Northwest KW - Simulation KW - Precipitation KW - Snow cover KW - USA, Washington, Olympic Mts. KW - Model Studies KW - Hydrometeorology KW - Numerical simulations KW - USA, Cascade Mts. KW - SW 0820:Snow, ice and frost KW - M2 556.12:Precipitation (556.12) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18054923?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrometeorology&rft.atitle=The+Sensitivity+of+Precipitation+and+Snowpack+Simulations+to+Model+Resolution+via+Nesting+in+Regions+of+Complex+Terrain&rft.au=Leung%2C+L+R%3BQian%2C+Y&rft.aulast=Leung&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1025&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrometeorology&rft.issn=1525755X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F1525-7541%282003%29004%281025%3ATSOPAS%292.0.CO%3B2 L2 - http://journals.allenpress.com/jrnlserv/?request=get-abstract&issn=1525-755X&volume=4&page=1025 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Precipitation; Simulation; Snowpack; Model Studies; Spatial Distribution; Nesting; Mountains; Telemetry; Snow; Slopes; Wind; Moisture; Hydrometeorology; USA, Nevada; USA, Pacific Northwest; USA, California; USA, Washington, Olympic Mts.; USA, West; USA, Cascade Mts.; USA, Sierra Nevada Mts.; Precipitation variations; Snow cover; Model sensitivity; Numerical simulations; Precipitation models; Snow cover models DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1525-7541(2003)004(1025:TSOPAS)2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Intercomparison of Global Reanalyses and Regional Simulations of Cold Season Water Budgets in the Western United States AN - 18045010; 5808956 AB - Estimating water budgets of river basins in the western United States is a challenge because of the effects of complex terrain and lack of comprehensive observational datasets. This study aims at comparing different estimates of cold season water budgets of the Columbia River (CRB) and Sacramento-San Joaquin River (SSJ) basins. An intercomparison was performed based on the NCEP-NCAR reanalysis I (NRA1), NCEP-Department of Energy (DOE) reanalysis II (NRA2), ECMWF reanalyses (ERA), regional climate simulations produced by the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University-NCAR Mesoscale Model (MM5) and NCEP Regional Spectral Model (RSM) driven by the reanalyses, and two precipitation datasets gridded at 2.5 degree and [frac18] degree for 7 yr between 1986 and 1993. The purpose of the intercomparison was to understand the effects of spatial resolution, model configuration and associated parameterizations, and large-scale conditions on basin-scale water budgets. Overall, the regional simulations were superior to the global reanalyses in terms of the spatial distribution of mean precipitation and precipitation anomalies. However, cold season precipitation was generally amplified in the regional models. Basin mean precipitation was typically higher than observed in the regional models and less than observed in the reanalyses. The amplification was the largest in the RSM simulation driven by NRA2, which had the biggest difference between the reanalyzed and regional simulation of basin mean precipitation. ERA and the MM5 simulations driven by ERA provided the best basin mean precipitation estimates when compared to the [frac18] degree observational dataset. Lambda arge differences remain in estimating the water budgets of western river basins, such as CRB and SSJ. In terms of atmospheric moisture flux, there was a 15%-20% difference between the global reanalyses. In terms of basin mean precipitation, differences among the reanalyses, regional simulations, and observations were as large as 100% of the overall mean. There were large differences in spatial distribution of precipitation between the RSM and MM5 simulations because of terrain representations and other factors. Runoff and snowpack showed the most sensitivity to model differences in spatial resolution, physics parameterizations, and model representations. Better simulations of basin mean precipitation did not necessarily imply superior simulations of runoff or snowpack. JF - Journal of Hydrometeorology AU - Leung, L R AU - Qian, Y AU - Han, J AU - Roads, JO AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, rubyleung@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - Dec 2003 SP - 1067 EP - 1087 PB - American Meteorological Society VL - 4 IS - 6 SN - 1525-755X, 1525-755X KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Snowpack KW - Moisture KW - River Basins KW - Water budget KW - USA, West KW - USA, Columbia R. KW - Hydrologic Budget KW - Spatial Distribution KW - NCEP/NCAR reanalysis KW - Numerical models KW - Precipitation anomalies KW - Mesoscale model MM5 KW - Seasonal variations KW - Rivers KW - Estimating KW - Simulation KW - Precipitation KW - INE, USA, Columbia R. KW - Model Studies KW - Hydrometeorology KW - USA, California, San Joaquin R. basin KW - Fluctuations KW - Runoff KW - M2 556.53:Rivers, Streams, Canals (556.53) KW - SW 0835:Streamflow and runoff KW - M2 556.1:Hydrologic Cycle (556.1) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18045010?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrometeorology&rft.atitle=Intercomparison+of+Global+Reanalyses+and+Regional+Simulations+of+Cold+Season+Water+Budgets+in+the+Western+United+States&rft.au=Leung%2C+L+R%3BQian%2C+Y%3BHan%2C+J%3BRoads%2C+JO&rft.aulast=Leung&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1067&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrometeorology&rft.issn=1525755X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F1525-7541%282003%29004%281067%3AIOGRAR%292.0.CO%3B2 L2 - http://journals.allenpress.com/jrnlserv/?request=get-abstract&issn=1525-755X&volume=4&page=1067 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Simulation; Precipitation; Model Studies; River Basins; Spatial Distribution; Estimating; Snowpack; Rivers; Runoff; Hydrologic Budget; Fluctuations; Moisture; Hydrometeorology; USA, Columbia R.; USA, West; INE, USA, Columbia R.; USA, California, San Joaquin R. basin; Water budget; NCEP/NCAR reanalysis; Seasonal variations; Numerical models; Mesoscale model MM5; Precipitation anomalies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1525-7541(2003)004(1067:IOGRAR)2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biogeochemical processes and microbial characteristics across groundwater-surface water boundaries of the Hanford Reach of the Columbia River. AN - 71461693; 14655698 AB - Biogeochemical processes within riverbed hyporheic zones (HZ) can potentially impact the fate and transport of contaminants. We evaluated a modified freeze core technique for the collection of intact cobble-bed samples from the Columbia River HZ along a stretch of the Hanford Reach in Washington State and investigated microbiological and geochemical parameters of corresponding frozen and unfrozen samples. During three sampling periods (March, May, and November 2000), relatively high numbers of viable aerobic heterotrophic bacteria were recovered from both unfrozen (10(6)-10(7) cfu/g) and frozen samples (10(5)-10(6) cfu/g). Relatively large populations of sulfate-, nitrate-, and iron-reducing bacteria were present, and significant concentrations of acid-volatile sulfide were measured in some samples, indicating that anoxic regions exist within this zone. Cr(VI), a priority groundwater pollutant on adjacent U.S. Department of Energy lands, was probably removed from solution in HZ samples by a combination of microbial activity and chemical reduction, presumably via products of anaerobic microbial metabolism. These results suggest that biogeochemical processes in the Columbia River HZ may contribute to the natural attenuation of Cr(VI). Although freezing modestly diminished recovery of viable bacteria, freeze core techniques proved reliable for the collection of intact hyporheic sediments. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Moser, Duane P AU - Fredrickson, James K AU - Geist, David R AU - Arntzen, Evan V AU - Peacock, Aaron D AU - Li, Shu-Mei W AU - Spadoni, Tina AU - McKinley, James P AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, USA. duane.moser@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003/11/15/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Nov 15 SP - 5127 EP - 5134 VL - 37 IS - 22 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Washington KW - Water Movements KW - Porosity KW - Specimen Handling KW - Freezing KW - Biodegradation, Environmental KW - Soil Microbiology KW - Geologic Sediments -- chemistry KW - Fresh Water -- chemistry KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis KW - Fresh Water -- microbiology KW - Geologic Sediments -- microbiology KW - Water Microbiology KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71461693?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Biogeochemical+processes+and+microbial+characteristics+across+groundwater-surface+water+boundaries+of+the+Hanford+Reach+of+the+Columbia+River.&rft.au=Moser%2C+Duane+P%3BFredrickson%2C+James+K%3BGeist%2C+David+R%3BArntzen%2C+Evan+V%3BPeacock%2C+Aaron+D%3BLi%2C+Shu-Mei+W%3BSpadoni%2C+Tina%3BMcKinley%2C+James+P&rft.aulast=Moser&rft.aufirst=Duane&rft.date=2003-11-15&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=22&rft.spage=5127&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-03-22 N1 - Date created - 2003-12-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Europium Uptake and Partitioning in Oat (Avena sativa) Roots as Studied by Laser-induced Fluorescence Spectroscopy and Confocal Microscopy Profiling Technique AN - 16179207; 5955181 AB - The uptake of Eu super(3+) by elongating oat roots was studied by fluorescence spectroscopy, fluorescence lifetime measurement, and a laser excitation time-resolved confocal fluorescence profiling technique. The results of this work indicated that initial uptake of Eu super(3+) was highest within the undifferentiated cells of the root tip just behind the root cap, a region of maximal cell growth and differentiation and with incomplete formation of the Casparian strip around the central vascular cylinder. Distribution of assimilated Eu super(3+) within the root's differentiation and elongation zone was nonuniform. Higher concentrations of Eu super(3+) were observed within the vascular cylinder, specifically in the phloem and developing xylem parenchyma. Elevated levels of the metal were also observed in the root hairs of the mature root zone. Fluorescence spectroscopic characteristics of the assimilated Eu super(3+) suggested that the Eu super(3+) exists as inner-sphere mononuclear complexes inside the root. This work also demonstrated the effectiveness of a time-resolved Eu super(3+) fluorescence spectroscopy and confocal fluorescence profiling techniques for the in vivo, real-time study of metal [Eu super(3+)] accumulation by a functioning intact plant root. This approach can prove valuable for basic and applied studies in plant nutrition and environmental uptake of actinide radionuclides. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Fellows, R J AU - Wang, Zheming AU - Ainsworth, C C AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MS K8-96, Richland, WA 99352, USA, Zheming.Wang@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003/11/15/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Nov 15 SP - 5247 EP - 5253 VL - 37 IS - 22 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Fluorescence KW - Bioaccumulation KW - Avena sativa KW - Europium KW - Microscopy KW - Plants KW - Lasers KW - Radioactivity KW - Spectroscopy KW - P 8000:RADIATION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16179207?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Europium+Uptake+and+Partitioning+in+Oat+%28Avena+sativa%29+Roots+as+Studied+by+Laser-induced+Fluorescence+Spectroscopy+and+Confocal+Microscopy+Profiling+Technique&rft.au=Fellows%2C+R+J%3BWang%2C+Zheming%3BAinsworth%2C+C+C&rft.aulast=Fellows&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2003-11-15&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=22&rft.spage=5247&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bioaccumulation; Fluorescence; Microscopy; Europium; Plants; Lasers; Radioactivity; Spectroscopy; Avena sativa ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Towards an integration of physical and microbiological properties AN - 51827111; 2004-041045 AB - While novel microbial interactions and new sources of subsurface energy continue to be discovered, numerous geophysical and geochemical properties that determine microbial characteristics are, in principal, understood. However, applying this knowledge to subsurface systems is complicated by issues of defining the most limiting parameter or process, reconciling scale and frequency of measurement to the site and regional context, and understanding the richness of physiological states and interactions that occur in microbial populations. This presentation will provide an overview of the properties that are known (or thought) to be primary determinants of microbial characteristics in the subsurface, and introduce physiological and ecological concepts that offer the potential to improve the mapping of microbial activities to hydrogeochemical categories. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Brockman, Fred J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 379 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - physical properties KW - physiology KW - physicochemical properties KW - ecology KW - hydrochemistry KW - geochemistry KW - concepts KW - microorganisms KW - ground water KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51827111?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Towards+an+integration+of+physical+and+microbiological+properties&rft.au=Brockman%2C+Fred+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Brockman&rft.aufirst=Fred&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=379&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - concepts; ecology; geochemistry; ground water; hydrochemistry; microorganisms; physical properties; physicochemical properties; physiology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Groundwater contamination at U. S. Department of Energy's Hanford Site AN - 51812115; 2004-065428 AB - Past disposal of liquid waste to the ground at the U.S. Department of Energy's Hanford Site has created contaminant plumes in the unconfined aquifer. These plumes have spread over the years, some discharging to the Columbia River. Each year, the Department samples approximately 650 wells, some of them quarterly or monthly, to track these plumes, meet multiple regulatory requirements, and assess the effectiveness of groundwater and vadose zone remediation. Sampling and analysis are coordinated to eliminate redundancy when wells are sampled for more than one objective, and data are stored in a central database. The most widespread contaminant is tritium from sources in the central part of the site. The portion of the tritium plume originating in east-central Hanford flows through highly permeable sediments and has traveled more than 20 km. Plumes originating in west-central Hanford, where the aquifer is less permeable, have moved only approximately 3 km. Because there is no practical treatment method for tritium, the plumes will probably be left to attenuate naturally. The tritium plumes have shrunk since 1990. Carbon tetrachloride beneath west-central Hanford forms the largest organic contaminant plume. Remediation in the vadose zone and unconfined aquifer limit the spreading of the plume's center. There is limited evidence of greater lateral spread at depth than near the water table in some locations. Hexavalent chromium is a contaminant of concern near the Columbia River in the former reactor areas. It moves readily through coarse-grained sediment and discharges to the river at concentrations above the drinking water standard. Though the sources are being remediated, chromium levels remain high in groundwater, and four sites are being treated to reduce the amount of chromium reaching the river. Strontium-90 plumes tend to be smaller because strontium sorbs to sediment in the vadose zone and aquifer. However, concentrations exceed the drinking water standard in riverbank springs near one reactor area. Strontium-90 does not lend itself to cleanup via pump-and-treat, so alternative remedial methods are being explored. Uranium, present in the southeastern part of the site near the river, also interacts with sediment grains, slowing its movement in groundwater. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Hartman, Mary J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 531 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - Sr-90 KW - U. S. Department of Energy KW - contaminant plumes KW - isotopes KW - government agencies KW - data processing KW - tritium KW - remediation KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - data bases KW - chromium KW - alkaline earth metals KW - Washington KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - aquifers KW - liquid waste KW - metals KW - hydrogen KW - waste disposal KW - strontium KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51812115?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Groundwater+contamination+at+U.+S.+Department+of+Energy%27s+Hanford+Site&rft.au=Hartman%2C+Mary+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hartman&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=531&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; aquifers; chromium; contaminant plumes; data bases; data processing; government agencies; ground water; Hanford Site; hydrogen; isotopes; liquid waste; metals; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; remediation; Sr-90; strontium; transport; tritium; U. S. Department of Energy; United States; Washington; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geochemistry in Hanford's vadose zone; recent scientific findings and key uncertainties AN - 51812078; 2004-065430 AB - The vadose zone at Hanford is an unsaturated region between 10 and 60 m in depth that lies between surface soil and groundwater. The vadose zone sediments are of glacio-fluvial origin, and physical properties can exhibit extreme vertical heterogeneity at the 0.25 m scale and above. The geochemical regime is mildly calcareous. The sediments are relatively unweathered and contain minor detrital phyllosilicates and few secondary metal oxides. The Hanford vadose zone has received large inventories of inorganic (Na, NO3, Cr), radioactive (137Cs, 90Sr, 60Co, 99Tc, U, Pu) and organic (e.g., CCl4) contaminants as a result of past practices disposal (e.g., cribs, retention basins, and disposal trenches) and the leakage of single shell (SS)-high level waste (HLW) tanks. Most of these contaminants are sorbed to vadose sediments by different mechanisms, and some are migrating to and entering groundwater. Here we focus on the migration behavior of HLW, dealing with several case studies from Hanford's tank farms (S-SX; B-BX-BY; T-TX-TY) that are currently under regulatory mandated characterization. Contaminant distributions will be shown beneath SS tanks that have leaked waste solutions of markedly different composition and overall sediment reactivity (e.g., REDOX boiling waste, Sr recovery waste, and high U metal waste). The development of conceptual models for the geochemical interaction/retardation of select contaminants [e.g., 137Cs, 90Sr, U, and Cr(VI)] within these plumes will be highlighted using information from laboratory sorption/desorption studies and results of mineralogic residence/chemical speciation measurements by different methods that include X-ray microscopy and spectroscopy. Important adsorption and precipitation/dissolution processes will be identified, and insights will be provided on fruitful and needed areas of fundamental research to resolve critical issues of contaminant migration. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Zachara, John M AU - McKinley, James P AU - Liu, Chongxuan AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 531 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - Washington KW - isotopes KW - pollutants KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - current research KW - radioactive waste KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - sediments KW - theoretical models KW - waste disposal KW - heterogeneity KW - geochemistry KW - uncertainty KW - Eh KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51812078?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Geochemistry+in+Hanford%27s+vadose+zone%3B+recent+scientific+findings+and+key+uncertainties&rft.au=Zachara%2C+John+M%3BMcKinley%2C+James+P%3BLiu%2C+Chongxuan%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zachara&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=531&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - current research; Eh; geochemistry; Hanford Site; heterogeneity; isotopes; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; sediments; theoretical models; transport; uncertainty; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating the potential for offsite migration of contaminants through the upper basalt aquifer system in the southern part of the Hanford Site, Washington AN - 51811670; 2004-065429 AB - Most groundwater contamination beneath the Hanford Site is within saturated sediments that overlie the basalt bedrock. However, lower concentrations of contaminants are also present within the upper basalt-confined aquifer, which is composed of sedimentary interbeds and interflow zones within the Saddle Mountains Basalt Formation. Because groundwater in this aquifer flows to the southeast, it has been identified as a potential pathway for contaminants to migrate across the southern boundary of the site and into areas where the aquifer is used as a source of water supply. The situation is complicated by application of imported irrigation water just south of the site boundary and pumping from the upper basalt-confined aquifer. Hydrogeologic and hydrochemical data, including new samples from offsite wells, were examined to evaluate the potential for offsite migration of contaminants. Geological information was used to create cross sections showing the configuration of the upper basalt-confined aquifer. And hydraulic heads were measured and mapped to indicate flow direction. Based on the available data, it was determined that contaminants have not moved offsite through the upper basalt-confined aquifer. However, the potential for future offsite migration is affected by current and future pumping of the upper basalt-confined aquifer and recharge from imported irrigation water. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Thorne, Paul D AU - Newcomer, Darrell R AU - Liikala, Terry L AU - Thornton, Edward C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 531 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - Washington KW - volcanic rocks KW - pollutants KW - igneous rocks KW - confined aquifers KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - saturated zone KW - transport KW - basalts KW - sediments KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51811670?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Evaluating+the+potential+for+offsite+migration+of+contaminants+through+the+upper+basalt+aquifer+system+in+the+southern+part+of+the+Hanford+Site%2C+Washington&rft.au=Thorne%2C+Paul+D%3BNewcomer%2C+Darrell+R%3BLiikala%2C+Terry+L%3BThornton%2C+Edward+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Thorne&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=531&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; basalts; confined aquifers; ground water; Hanford Site; hydraulic conductivity; igneous rocks; pollutants; pollution; radioactive waste; saturated zone; sediments; transport; United States; volcanic rocks; Washington; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrogeology of the Hanford Site vadose zone AN - 51811573; 2004-065422 AB - The vadose zone at the Department of Energy's Hanford Site in the Pasco Basin, south-central Washington, consists of mostly Pleistocene-age cataclysmic flood deposits, informally referred to as the Hanford formation. Locally, pre-flood deposits of the Cold Creek unit (formerly the Plio-Pleistocene unit) and the Ringold Formation may lie between the Hanford formation and the water table (DOE 2002). A thin veneer of post-Hanford Formation eolian deposits occurs at the surface. Based on observations of outcrops and a limited number of drill cores, the Hanford Formation can be subdivided into 11 textural-structural lithofacies, which group into three facies associations (gravel-dominated [GD], sand-dominated [SD], and interbedded sand- and silt-dominated [ISSD]). GD flood deposits lie along flood channels through the central portion of the Pasco Basin, while ISSD flood deposits occur around the basin margins. SD is transitional between GD and ISSD and is the principal unit beneath the 200 Area Waste-Management Units, while GD predominates beneath Hanford's 100 Areas. Flood deposits are inherently heterogeneous and anisotropic due to the highly complex interplay between channels and bars during multiple flood episodes. Moisture in the vadose zone is typically concentrated along high-contrast bed interfaces as well as along finer grained layers within the Hanford formation and Cold Creek unit. Precipitation and waste-water discharges may migrate downward along discordant features, such as clastic dikes, or spread laterally, sometimes in a stair-step fashion, along overlapping series of anisotropic, discontinuous strata. High-moisture retaining facies occur in all strata, but are most frequent in ISSD and least frequent in GD flood deposits. Studies are ongoing to evaluate the physical and chemical characteristics of vadose-zone strata and assign hydrologic properties to each sediment type for modeling purposes. DOE, 2002, Standardized Stratigraphic Nomenclature for the Post-Ringold-Formation sediments Within the central Pasco Basin, DOE/RL-2002-39, Rev. 0, U.S. Department of Energy, Richland, Washington. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Bjornstad, Bruce N AU - Last, George V AU - Horton, Duane G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 530 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - Hanford Formation KW - Washington KW - Quaternary KW - geologic hazards KW - clastic sediments KW - moisture KW - physicochemical properties KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - radioactive waste KW - Cenozoic KW - lithofacies KW - sediments KW - floods KW - Pleistocene KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51811573?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Hydrogeology+of+the+Hanford+Site+vadose+zone&rft.au=Bjornstad%2C+Bruce+N%3BLast%2C+George+V%3BHorton%2C+Duane+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bjornstad&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=530&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cenozoic; clastic sediments; floods; geologic hazards; Hanford Formation; Hanford Site; lithofacies; moisture; physicochemical properties; Pleistocene; pollution; Quaternary; radioactive waste; sediments; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental geology of the Hanford Site AN - 51811378; 2004-065420 AB - As a consequence of production and waste storage activities associated with Pu production, the Hanford Site (1,450 km (super 2) ) has radionuclide and chemical contamination in saturated and unsaturated sediments. The geology of the site strongly influences groundwater flow and contaminant transport. Broadly, the contaminants in the central part of the site move through a 70m thick vadose zone to the groundwater, which then has the potential to transport them to discharge zones along the Columbia River. Each transport process--1) unsaturated transport, 2) saturated transport, and 3) discharge to the Columbia River--involves heterogeneous and anisotropic geologic units dominated by variably coarse to fine continental clastic sediments. Specific units include the Neogene Ringold Formation, the late Pliocene to Pleistocene Cold Creek Unit, the Pleistocene Hanford formation, and Holocene alluvial sediments, all of which are underlain by Columbia River Basalt. The Ringold Formation forms much of the unconfined aquifer beneath the site and consists of sediments deposited by the proto-Columbia River system over about a 5 Ma aggradational period. Facies include fluvial channel and overbank deposits, lacustrine deposits, alluvial fans, and paleosols. The Cold Creek Unit disconformably overlies the Ringold Formation and consists of eolian, alluvial, and colluvial deposits with paleosols. The Hanford Formation occupies much of the vadose zone on the site and consists of boulder to silt size sediments deposited by a series of cataclysmic Ice-Age floods, mostly from glacial Lake Missoula. Mapping of the sedimentary facies in the subsurface using excavations, boreholes and geophysical data, has identified heterogeneity and anisotropy that control unsaturated and saturated flow in the supra-basalt sediments (e.g., polygonal networks of clastic dikes). Understanding the flow and transport properties of sediment facies at Hanford is crucial to development of reactive transport models at a range of scales. Only when we can relate pore- and mm-scale transport phenomena (including a full range of geochemical and microbial reactions) to detailed facies models extensible to the decimeter and kilometer scale will we be able to fully exploit Hanford geology for improving predictions of future risk posed by contaminants at the site. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Long, Philip AU - Last, George V AU - Bjornstad, Bruce N AU - Reidel, Stephen AU - Fecht, Karl AU - Majer, Ernest AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 530 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - Hanford Formation KW - Washington KW - Quaternary KW - clastic sediments KW - Columbia River KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - Ringold Formation KW - environmental analysis KW - radioactive waste KW - Cenozoic KW - lithofacies KW - Cold Creek Unit KW - Tertiary KW - transport KW - Neogene KW - sediments KW - Pliocene KW - Pleistocene KW - waste disposal KW - heterogeneity KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51811378?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Environmental+geology+of+the+Hanford+Site&rft.au=Long%2C+Philip%3BLast%2C+George+V%3BBjornstad%2C+Bruce+N%3BReidel%2C+Stephen%3BFecht%2C+Karl%3BMajer%2C+Ernest%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Long&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=530&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cenozoic; clastic sediments; Cold Creek Unit; Columbia River; environmental analysis; Hanford Formation; Hanford Site; heterogeneity; lithofacies; Neogene; Pleistocene; Pliocene; pollution; Quaternary; radioactive waste; Ringold Formation; sediments; Tertiary; transport; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High-resolution modeling studies of vadose zone reactive transport AN - 51811177; 2004-065426 AB - An exposed section of the Hanford vadose zone was characterized for hydrogeological and geochemical properties at the millimeter scale using high-resolution visible and infrared imaging, in situ measurements (air and water permeability), cation exchange capacity, grain size sampling, and statistical correlation. A key feature of sediments from this area of the Hanford Site is the clear inverse functional dependence of cation exchange capacity on grain size. This correlation was used in conjunction with the highly resolved spatial distribution of sediment textures for the exposed face at the Army Loop Road Field Site, to provide an equivalently detailed distribution of cation exchange capacity. The focus of study was the reactive transport of strontium-90 in physically and geochemically heterogeneous unsaturated sediments. In this system, the mobility of strontium-90 is controlled by multicomponent ion exchange and mineral precipitation and dissolution. Two-dimensional reactive transport simulations for an experimental release of strontium and magnesium at the field site were performed at 1-mm spatial resolution to identify the impact of multiscale property variability on the behavior of strontium in the vadose zone under a range of recharge conditions. Parallel processing subsurface simulators were used to accommodate the large number of grid cells and components as well as the comprehensive coupling of flow, transport, and reaction processes. The simulations were designed to test the sensitivity of strontium mobility to small-scale recharge-dependent transport pathways and the preferential distribution of exchange sites with respect to those pathways. Of particular interest were exclusion effects that lead to the bypassing of reactive surfaces at different flow regimes. (The relationships used to transform the digital images into high-resolution distributions for predictive flow and transport models are discussed in the companion paper by Ward et al., "Integration of Multi-scale Physical and Chemical Heterogeneities Using High-Resolution Digital Images.") JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Yabusaki, Steve B AU - Ward, Andy L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 531 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - Sr-90 KW - high-resolution methods KW - alkaline earth metals KW - Washington KW - cation exchange capacity KW - isotopes KW - grain size KW - statistical analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - data processing KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - radioactive waste KW - radioactive isotopes KW - infrared methods KW - transport KW - metals KW - sediments KW - waste disposal KW - heterogeneity KW - strontium KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51811177?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=High-resolution+modeling+studies+of+vadose+zone+reactive+transport&rft.au=Yabusaki%2C+Steve+B%3BWard%2C+Andy+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Yabusaki&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=531&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; cation exchange capacity; data processing; geophysical methods; grain size; Hanford Site; heterogeneity; high-resolution methods; infrared methods; isotopes; metals; pollution; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; sediments; Sr-90; statistical analysis; strontium; transport; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Integration of multi-scale physical and chemical heterogeneities using high-resolution digital images AN - 51811035; 2004-065425 AB - High-resolution data sets are needed to improve our understanding of the interaction between subsurface advective, dispersive, and exchange processes and the impact of multi-scale heterogeneity. However, development of these data sets has been hampered by disparities in the scale at which these processes occur and typical scale of characterization. We demonstrate an outcrop analog concept in which high-resolution digital images are used to integrate physical and chemical heterogeneities across multiple spatial scales. High-resolution visible and infrared images of a dike dig face on the Hanford Site were compiled into a mosaic spanning heterogeneities from the millimeter scale to tens of meters. Measurements with in situ characterization tools (water and air permeameters) were used to develop a coarse-scale hydrofacies map. This map was supplemented with sedimentological (grain size distribution) hydraulic (water retention, permeability) and hydrogeochemical (distribution coefficient, cation exchange capacity) properties derived from sediment samples. These properties were regressed on grain size and sorting parameters to obtain predictive relationships for the measurement scale. Hydrogeological and hydrogeochemical properties showed strong correlations with texture, as represented by a mean grain size and sorting index. The resulting relationships were used to transform the digital images into high-resolution lithofacies, hydrofacies and chemofacies distributions for input into predictive flow and reactive transport models. This approach is applicable to the generation of multi-dimensional, multi-parameter data sets for input into high-resolution numerical models. The impact of multi-scale heterogeneities on subsurface flow in the dike outcrop is demonstrated in a series of simulations with the STOMP simulator. A companion paper by Yabusaki and Ward explores the impact of heterogeneous sorption parameters derived by this method on the transport (super 90) Sr. This work was funded through The Hanford Ground Water Protection Project by the U.S. Department of Energy. The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated for the U.S. Department of Energy by Battelle under Contract DE-AC06-76RL01830. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Ward, Andy L AU - Gee, Glendon W AU - Murray, Chris J AU - Zhang, Z Fred AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 531 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - high-resolution methods KW - Washington KW - STOMP KW - physicochemical properties KW - data processing KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - hydrochemistry KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - digital simulation KW - sediments KW - waste disposal KW - heterogeneity KW - geochemistry KW - image analysis KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51811035?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Integration+of+multi-scale+physical+and+chemical+heterogeneities+using+high-resolution+digital+images&rft.au=Ward%2C+Andy+L%3BGee%2C+Glendon+W%3BMurray%2C+Chris+J%3BZhang%2C+Z+Fred%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ward&rft.aufirst=Andy&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=531&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - data processing; digital simulation; geochemistry; ground water; Hanford Site; heterogeneity; high-resolution methods; hydrochemistry; image analysis; physicochemical properties; pollution; radioactive waste; sediments; STOMP; United States; Washington; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A comparison of the use of radar images and neutron probe data to determine spatial variability in water content at Hanford AN - 51811004; 2004-065423 AB - Surface-based ground penetrating radar (GPR) data were collected at the Sisson and Lu Injection Test Site in the 200 East Area at Hanford to assess the use of radar images as a means of quantifying the subsurface distribution in water content (theta (sub w) ). Available at the test site were two sets of water content data derived from neutron probe measurements that had been made to a depth of approximately 18 m in 32 wells. The first question we asked: Do the locations and amplitudes of the reflections in the radar data correspond to changes in theta (sub w) ? In order to address this issue, the probe-derived water content data were used to generate synthetic radar data, i.e. the radar data that would be obtained if theta (sub w) alone were controlling the radar response. Many of the features in the synthetic radar data were found to be present in the acquired 30 m radar section indicating that the amplitudes and locations of the radar reflections do correspond to changes in subsurface theta (sub w) . This observed correspondence led to the second part of the study. We tested the idea that quantifying the spatial distribution of the radar reflections, in terms of the horizontal correlation structure, could be used to quantify the correlation structure in subsurface theta (sub w) . Geostatistical analysis was conducted of the two sets of theta (sub w) - values and of the amplitudes of the reflections in the radar section. The geostatistical analysis of the radar reflection image yielded a correlation structure similar to that obtained from neutron probe-derived theta (sub w) values, with a correlation length on the order of 10 to 14 m seen in both data sets. The limited horizontal extent of both the neutron probe data ( approximately 16 m) and radar data (30 m), relative to the correlation length, suggests that the true correlation length of the subsurface water content may be underestimated in modeling the semivariograms of both data sets. The radar data, with a sample spacing of 20 cm (compared to approximately 2 m for the probe data) provided additional evidence of structure at the sub-meter scale. We conclude that surface-based radar should be further explored for use at Hanford and at other sites where measurements obtained in wells are insufficient to provide the required detailed information about spatial variability in theta (sub w) . JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Knight, Rosemary AU - Irving, James AU - Tercier, Paulette AU - Freeman, Gene AU - Murray, Chris J AU - Rockhold, Mark AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 530 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - water KW - United States KW - Washington KW - ground-penetrating radar KW - statistical analysis KW - unsaturated zone KW - radar methods KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - geostatistics KW - radioactive waste KW - spatial variations KW - neutron probe data KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51811004?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=A+comparison+of+the+use+of+radar+images+and+neutron+probe+data+to+determine+spatial+variability+in+water+content+at+Hanford&rft.au=Knight%2C+Rosemary%3BIrving%2C+James%3BTercier%2C+Paulette%3BFreeman%2C+Gene%3BMurray%2C+Chris+J%3BRockhold%2C+Mark%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Knight&rft.aufirst=Rosemary&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=530&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - geostatistics; ground-penetrating radar; Hanford Site; neutron probe data; pollution; radar methods; radioactive waste; spatial variations; statistical analysis; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington; waste disposal; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrogeology of the unconfined aquifer at the U. S. Department of Energy Hanford Site, Washington State AN - 51810495; 2004-065427 AB - The Hanford Site, a facility in the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) nuclear weapons complex located in southeastern Washington State, was acquired by the federal government in 1943. Until the 1980s, the site was dedicated primarily to the production of plutonium for national defense and waste management. Groundwater in the unconfined aquifer generally flows from recharge areas west of the Hanford Site and discharges to the Columbia River. The natural pattern of groundwater flow was altered by discharge of large volumes of wastewater to the ground. During the first 50 years of operations, 400 to 450 billion gallons of water, often contaminated, were released to the soil, primarily via ponds and cribs. This resulted in groundwater mounding up to 24 meters in some portions of the site and created highly transient groundwater conditions. Contaminants were also discharged to the unconfined aquifer by other means including retention trenches, injection wells, and waste disposal in pits, trenches, and landfills. High-level radioactive wastes are stored in 177 tanks at Hanford, some of which have leaked through the vadose zone and impacted groundwater. Approximately 200 square kilometers of groundwater in the unconfined aquifer is contaminated above drinking water standards, including plumes of tritium, iodine-129, nitrate, carbon tetrachloride, trichloroethene, chromium, strontium-90, technetium-99, and uranium. The distribution of these contaminants is controlled by past waste management operations, groundwater flow, and complex interactions with the site geology. Most wastewater discharge was terminated in the mid 1990s, causing a decline in the mounded water table and furthering the complexity of the groundwater flow system and contaminant migration. DOE has monitored groundwater quality across the Hanford Site since operations began, and at six of the groundwater plumes, interim remedial actions are underway. These actions include: pumping and treating plumes; reactive barriers; and monitoring. Research and development efforts and modeling are underway to develop final cleanup decisions for these groundwater contaminant plumes. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Freshley, Mark D AU - Luttrell, Stuart P AU - Fruchter, Jonathan S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 531 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - U. S. Department of Energy KW - Washington KW - contaminant plumes KW - pollutants KW - government agencies KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - decontamination KW - water treatment KW - waste disposal KW - discharge KW - unconfined aquifers KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51810495?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Hydrogeology+of+the+unconfined+aquifer+at+the+U.+S.+Department+of+Energy+Hanford+Site%2C+Washington+State&rft.au=Freshley%2C+Mark+D%3BLuttrell%2C+Stuart+P%3BFruchter%2C+Jonathan+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Freshley&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=531&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; contaminant plumes; decontamination; discharge; government agencies; ground water; Hanford Site; pollutants; pollution; radioactive waste; U. S. Department of Energy; unconfined aquifers; United States; Washington; waste disposal; water treatment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Vadose zone hydrogeology of the Hanford Site AN - 51810473; 2004-065421 AB - The U.S. Department of Energy's Hanford Site is an inactive nuclear production complex in southeastern Washington State. The site was built along the Columbia River in 1943 in the semiarid Pasco Basin of the Columbia Plateau. During the operational period, nuclear and chemical wastes were released into the environment. Significant waste quantities currently reside in the vadose zone and will continue to be disposed there in engineered facilities. Vadose zone hydrogeology is the primary control on the ultimate fate of those wastes. The thickness of the vadose zone ranges from less than one meter near the river to more than 100 meters beneath the central production facilities. Most of the sediments are glacio-fluvial sands and gravels of the Hanford Formation with complex and highly variable structure. In some areas, the deeper vadose zone consists of the fluvial-lacustrine sediments of the Ringold Formation. The whole is mantled by weakly developed soils that tend to be slightly finer in texture than the underlying sediments. Water is the primary agent for mobilizing and transporting waste in the vadose zone. Water sources include precipitation, runoff, and artificial recharge (dilute and hypersaline solutions). After site closure, natural recharge will be the primary water source. Part of the site cleanup strategy is to deploy surface barriers above waste disposal sites to minimize water infiltration. Numerous studies have been conducted to understand the vadose zone: measurements of physical and hydraulic properties and their variability, characterization of specific features such as clastic dikes, measurements of recharge rates under natural and engineered conditions, and model predictions of contaminant fate and transport. Challenges, however, remain. How do we represent features that cause water to diverge from strictly vertical gravity-driven flow, complicating the movement of contaminants? How do we adequately represent properties in numerical models when the size and extent of the vadose zone dwarfs the measurement domain of studies conducted to date? How will potential runoff from surface barriers impact the vadose zone, and thus the waste, beneath the barriers? How long will surface barriers perform as designed? These and other issues are being considered and will be addressed before Site closure. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Fayer, Michael James AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 530 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - Washington KW - pollutants KW - Columbia River KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - radioactive waste KW - recharge KW - transport KW - decontamination KW - runoff KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51810473?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Vadose+zone+hydrogeology+of+the+Hanford+Site&rft.au=Fayer%2C+Michael+James%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Fayer&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=530&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Columbia River; decontamination; Hanford Site; hydraulic conductivity; hydrology; pollutants; pollution; radioactive waste; recharge; runoff; transport; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potential hydrogen bonding sites in kyanite, andalusite, and sillimanite AN - 51796979; 2004-073774 AB - It has been shown that water can be incorporated within the structures of nominally anhydrous silicates, including the aluminosilicate polymorphs, kyanite, andalusite, and sillimanite [1]. Although numerous studies have investigated the stabilities of the aluminosilicate polymorphs, little is know about the incorporation of hydrogen within these minerals. This study examines potential hydrogen bonding sites within the aluminosilicate polymorphs based on an analysis of the Laplacian of the electron density distribution, following the method of Ross et al. [2]. The CRYSTAL98 program [3] was used to generate analytical electron density distributions for kyanite, andalusite and sillimanite, and TOPOND [4] was used to locate the (3,-3) critical points. The (3,-3) critical points correspond to regions of nonbonding electron pairs and help pinpoint potential sites of electrophilic attack by hydrogen, for example [5]. Although (3,-3) critical points are found on all oxygen atoms in the aluminosilicate polymorphs, our results indicate that O1 in andalusite and O2 in sillimanite are prime sites for protonation. These oxygens are solely coordinated to three aluminum atoms and have bond valences of 1.88 v.u. and 1.87 v.u., respectively. The location of the (3,-3) critical points indicate that the potential sites are large enough to accommodate hydrogen and also indicate that the O-H bonds in andalusite and sillimanite are highly directional. In andalusite, the O-H vectors lie within (001) and are approximately parallel to [-1 1 0] and [110]. In sillimanite, the O-H vectors also lie within (001) but are oriented closer to [010]. The location of potential sites for hydrogen in kyanite is less clear. However, the positions of the (3,-3) critical points on O2 and O6, which are bonded to four aluminum atoms, have highly optimized geometries for protonation. [1] Bell D.R. and Rossman G.R. (1992) Science, 255, 1391-1397. [2] Ross N.L., Gibbs, G.V., and Rosso, K.M. (2003) Am. Mineral., in press. [3] Saunders V.R., Dovesi R., Roetti C., Causa M., Harrison N. M., Orlando R., and Zicovich-Wilson C. M. (1998) CRYSTAL98 User's Manual. Univ. of Torino. [4] Gatti C. (1997) TOPOND96 User's Manual, CNR-CSRSRC. [5] Bader R.F.W., MacDougall P.J. and Lau C.D.H. (1984) J. Am. Chem. Soc., 106, 1594-1605. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Burt, J B AU - Ross, N L AU - Gibbs, G V AU - Rosso, K M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 621 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - silicates KW - andalusite KW - numerical analysis KW - sillimanite KW - kyanite KW - data processing KW - bonding KW - Laplace transformations KW - nesosilicates KW - computer programs KW - polymorphism KW - CRYSTAL98 KW - aluminosilicates KW - hydrogen KW - digital simulation KW - orthosilicates KW - TOPOND KW - crystal chemistry KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51796979?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Potential+hydrogen+bonding+sites+in+kyanite%2C+andalusite%2C+and+sillimanite&rft.au=Burt%2C+J+B%3BRoss%2C+N+L%3BGibbs%2C+G+V%3BRosso%2C+K+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Burt&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=621&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aluminosilicates; andalusite; bonding; computer programs; crystal chemistry; CRYSTAL98; data processing; digital simulation; hydrogen; kyanite; Laplace transformations; nesosilicates; numerical analysis; orthosilicates; polymorphism; silicates; sillimanite; TOPOND ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Columbia River basalts; do they leak? A retrospective of BWIP program data AN - 51789066; 2004-081396 AB - A key issue in deep repository performance is the degree of hydraulic communication or leakage of the repository horizon to overlying aquifers or other pervious hydrogeologic units. This was particularly relevant for the Basalt Waste Isolation Project (BWIP), which evaluated the suitability of basalts, a fractured crystalline rock-type, for high-level radioactive waste containment. The question of basalt intercommunication continues to be an issue for state and federal agencies concerned with groundwater-resource management and private companies interested in the viability of basalts for underground natural gas storage or as potential carbon sequestration reservoirs. The Columbia River Basalts constitute a large flood-basalt province in the Pacific Northwest, covering 163,000 km (super 2) . At its deepest location, the basalt has an aggregate, composite thickness of >4,000 meters. Thick interior sections within basalt flows at the Hanford Site in Washington State were identified as part of site characterization investigations in the mid-1980's as possible candidate horizons for a high-level nuclear repository being considered by the United States. The Hanford Site, together with a salt site in Deaf Smith, Texas, was abandoned by U.S. Congressional mandate in 1987 in favor of a tuff site currently being investigated at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. Inferential site characterization data collected as part of the BWIP program (hydrochemical/isotopic data, hydraulic properties, and opportunistic head responses induced by high-stress drilling operations) suggest that within the Hanford Site only low pervasive intercommunication exists, with significant vertical communication occurring along major structural features. Hydrochemical/isotopic data also reflect the distinct separation of aquifers except in areas where major faulting and deformation has occurred. A large-scale hydrologic stress test (pumping test) was planned during the BWIP program to assess intercommunication both laterally and vertically across selected basalt flows. Although the tests were not completed, the data gathered during the site characterization can be used to address questions about basalt intercommunication. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Spane, Frank AU - Reidel, Stephen P AU - Johnson, Vernon G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 136 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - hazardous waste KW - flood basalts KW - volcanic rocks KW - igneous rocks KW - underground storage tanks KW - waste disposal sites KW - reservoir rocks KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - Cenozoic KW - fractures KW - Basalt Waste Isolation Project KW - movement KW - basalts KW - discharge KW - Yucca Mountain KW - Nevada KW - hydrology KW - Washington KW - Columbia River Basalt Group KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - properties KW - Nye County Nevada KW - Miocene KW - aquifers KW - Tertiary KW - Neogene KW - BWIP KW - large igneous provinces KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - waste disposal KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51789066?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Columbia+River+basalts%3B+do+they+leak%3F+A+retrospective+of+BWIP+program+data&rft.au=Spane%2C+Frank%3BReidel%2C+Stephen+P%3BJohnson%2C+Vernon+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Spane&rft.aufirst=Frank&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=136&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; Basalt Waste Isolation Project; basalts; BWIP; Cenozoic; Columbia River Basalt Group; discharge; flood basalts; fractures; ground water; Hanford Site; hazardous waste; hydraulic conductivity; hydrology; igneous rocks; large igneous provinces; Miocene; movement; Neogene; Nevada; Nye County Nevada; pollution; properties; radioactive waste; reservoir rocks; Tertiary; underground storage tanks; United States; volcanic rocks; Washington; waste disposal; waste disposal sites; Yucca Mountain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ongoing deformation and state of stress in the Columbia River flood basalts AN - 51788344; 2004-081395 AB - Over thirty years of instrumental seismic monitoring indicates ongoing deformation in the area of eastern Washington occupied by the Columbia River Flood Basalts. Most of the observed seismicity is associated with the Yakima Fold Belt, a series of east-west reverse faults and folds. Focal mechanisms of micro-earthquakes in the basalt show that these events are a result of north-south-oriented maximum compressive stress, consistent with the long-term formation of these geologic structures. The association of seismicity and the Yakima Fold Belt is of a regional nature rather than correlating with known faults or showing significant planar alignments that would indicate subsurface faults. Focal mechanisms for micro-earthquakes in the sub-basalt sediments and basement rocks also indicate this state of stress even though the vertical overburden stresses are greater. In the western part of the Yakima Fold Belt and the Cascade Range, there is a tendency for an increased element of (presumably right-lateral) strike-slip focal mechanisms, where the minimum compressive stress is oriented east-west rather than vertical. Seismicity in the basalts typically occurs as earthquake swarms, a series of tens to hundreds of micro-earthquakes that gradually increase in frequency and magnitude over periods of weeks to months, but without including an outstanding large event. This may indicate that the heterogeneous strength of the multiple basalt layers may lead to clusters of relatively small events within individual layers, separated in time due to slow plastic deformation and/or fluid flow in the weaker zones between them. Seismicity in the basalt layers is higher than in the sub-basalt layers, and the basalt group may form a rigid stress guide above the sub-basalt sediments. Variation in thickness of the basalt flows, or the existence of pre-existing fractures developed during growth of the Yakima Folds, does not seem consistent with the current seismicity pattern. The strength and thickness of sub-basalt layers may affect the stresses in the basalts. A basement high to the north may produce a buttress effect that affects the stresses and the structures of the Yakima Fold Belt. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Rohay, Alan C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 136 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - flood basalts KW - Washington KW - volcanic rocks KW - igneous rocks KW - stress KW - Columbia River Basalt Group KW - strike-slip faults KW - deformation KW - Miocene KW - Cenozoic KW - Cascade Range KW - Tertiary KW - neotectonics KW - seismicity KW - Neogene KW - basalts KW - large igneous provinces KW - Yakima fold belt KW - tectonics KW - compression KW - earthquakes KW - faults KW - 16:Structural geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51788344?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Ongoing+deformation+and+state+of+stress+in+the+Columbia+River+flood+basalts&rft.au=Rohay%2C+Alan+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Rohay&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=136&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - basalts; Cascade Range; Cenozoic; Columbia River Basalt Group; compression; deformation; earthquakes; faults; flood basalts; igneous rocks; large igneous provinces; Miocene; Neogene; neotectonics; seismicity; stress; strike-slip faults; tectonics; Tertiary; United States; volcanic rocks; Washington; Yakima fold belt ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biostratigraphy of Columbia River Basalt Group petrified forests AN - 51787468; 2004-081496 AB - Well-known CRBG petrified wood localities in central Washington are placed in a stratigraphic context in an effort to determine their occurrence, lateral extent, and mode of deposition. Three major petrified forests are recognized on the basis of in situ stumps, forest litter, soil horizons and abundance of logs. These forests correspond to and help define temporal lulls in flood basalt activity: Umtanum Petrified Forest at the Umtanum unit/Sentinal Bluffs unit of the Grande Ronde Basalt ( approximately 15.6 mya); Ginkgo Petrified Forest at the Vantage interbed/Ginkgo flow of the Wanapum Basalt ( approximately 15.5-15.4 mya); and Saddle Mountains Petrified Forest at the Roza flow/Priest Rapids flow of the Wanapum Basalt ( approximately 14.5 mya). Widespread localities with abundant petrified wood at the latest Grande Ronde Basalt/Vantage interbed/Ginkgo flow zone suggest that the unique lahar deposition of logs at Ginkgo Petrified Forest State Park, from a probable northwesterly volcanic event, may have also had a major local derivation. Ginkgo Petrified Forest is tentatively expanded to include several petrified wood assemblages. Three other important sites are cataloged: an unnamed in situ petrified forest at Locke Lake, WA/Mosier, OR, at the Ginkgo flow/Sand Hollow flow level; petrified wood at Roosevelt, WA, possibly in upper Priest Rapids flows; and a probable petrified forest at Sunnyside, at the Umatilla flow/Pomona flow level, making it the youngest occurring site at approximately 12 mya. Other occurrences of petrified wood are either the result of log and sediment rafting by lava/minor pillow/palagonite complexes (seen at Vantage and Sentinal Gap) or transport and burial within massive pillow/palagonite complexes (Petrified Canyon in Moses Coulee). A number of sites remain to be investigated. Previous attempts to identify petrified forests by wood identification/generic abundance are critiqued. Current research on leaf-impression and permineralized bog floras provide useful constraints on paleoecological interpretations based on petrified wood occurrences/identification. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Orsen, Mark J AU - Reidel, Stephen P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 551 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - flood basalts KW - terrestrial environment KW - volcanic rocks KW - igneous rocks KW - leaves KW - fossilization KW - paleoecology KW - Cenozoic KW - Wanapum Basalt KW - basalts KW - taphonomy KW - paludal environment KW - basalt flows KW - central Washington KW - Plantae KW - fossil wood KW - Washington KW - lava flows KW - biostratigraphy KW - Columbia River Basalt Group KW - Grande Ronde Basalt KW - Miocene KW - Tertiary KW - lava KW - Neogene KW - Columbia Plateau KW - 12:Stratigraphy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51787468?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Biostratigraphy+of+Columbia+River+Basalt+Group+petrified+forests&rft.au=Orsen%2C+Mark+J%3BReidel%2C+Stephen+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Orsen&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=551&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - basalt flows; basalts; biostratigraphy; Cenozoic; central Washington; Columbia Plateau; Columbia River Basalt Group; flood basalts; fossil wood; fossilization; Grande Ronde Basalt; igneous rocks; lava; lava flows; leaves; Miocene; Neogene; paleoecology; paludal environment; Plantae; taphonomy; terrestrial environment; Tertiary; United States; volcanic rocks; Wanapum Basalt; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Eruption and emplacement of a Grande Ronde flood basalt, Columbia River Basalt Group AN - 51787427; 2004-081492 AB - The eruption of Sentinel Bluffs Member lavas marked the end of the greatest period of Columbia River Basalt Group volcanism, the Grande Ronde Basalt. The Sentinel Bluffs Member lavas erupted from a northerly trending vent system and flowed westward down an ancestral paleoslope covering over 169,700 km (super 2) and producing over 10,000 km (super 3) of lava. The member is divided into six eruptions that are distinguished by their compositions. The first eruption was the most voluminous, but volumes declined with later eruptions until the final eruption that produced the second largest volume of basalt. Sentinel Bluffs flows are relatively homogeneous which allows them to be recognized throughout the province. One exception is the "Cohassett flow," where four eruptions combined to form one local inflated lava. Compositional zonation reflects the sequence of eruptions. The original lavas remained intact except for mixing along their contacts, which are separated by thin zones of vesicles. A thick vesicle zone called the "interior vesicular zone" marks the boundary between the last two eruptions and represents volatile-rich lava. There are two compositional trends in the Sentinel Bluffs Member that are defined best by TiO (sub 2) and P (sub 2) O (sub 5) . The six eruptions fall along one or the other trend, but neither trend is defined by timing of eruptions or location along the vent system. Fractionation or eruption of a zoned magma chamber cannot explain adequately the six compositional types of the Sentinel Bluffs Member. The compositional types and the field relations are best explained by rapid changes in magma composition feeding the flows and rapid eruption and emplacement of the lavas. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Reidel, Stephen P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 550 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - flood basalts KW - volcanic rocks KW - lava flows KW - igneous rocks KW - Columbia River Basalt Group KW - Grande Ronde Basalt KW - Sentinel Bluffs Member KW - Miocene KW - emplacement KW - Cenozoic KW - Tertiary KW - lava KW - Neogene KW - magmas KW - eruptions KW - basalts KW - composition KW - Columbia Plateau KW - fractional crystallization KW - basalt flows KW - magma chambers KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51787427?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Eruption+and+emplacement+of+a+Grande+Ronde+flood+basalt%2C+Columbia+River+Basalt+Group&rft.au=Reidel%2C+Stephen+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Reidel&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=550&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - basalt flows; basalts; Cenozoic; Columbia Plateau; Columbia River Basalt Group; composition; emplacement; eruptions; flood basalts; fractional crystallization; Grande Ronde Basalt; igneous rocks; lava; lava flows; magma chambers; magmas; Miocene; Neogene; Sentinel Bluffs Member; Tertiary; United States; volcanic rocks ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Crystal-mush compaction in the Cohassett Flow, Hanford, Washington AN - 51787134; 2004-081391 AB - Although the vertical chemical profile through the Cohassett flow beneath Hanford, Washington, is complicated and suggests that the flow was inflated by a central pulse of distinctly different composition magma, the profile through the central part has a simple shape that is consistent with compaction of crystal mush with upward expulsion of residual liquid. As in most thick flood-basalt flows, the downward crystallizing roof zone (entablature) has a distinctly different texture from the upward accumulating floor zone (colonnade). The texture of the floor zone, where the compaction occurs, is most easily interpreted as resulting from recrystallization of material that sank from the roof zone as dense plumes of crystal mush. During recrystallization, the texture of the crystal mush becomes anisotropic as a result of compaction. The network of plagioclase crystals surrounding granular pyroxene patches becomes horizontally flattened. The plagioclase crystals within the network, which are initially randomly oriented and separated by interstitial liquid, rotate into parallel alignment and wrap around the pyroxene patches in a manner resembling roof tiles. These tiled plagioclase laths have less residual liquid between them than do the more randomly oriented crystals in the less compacted rock. Plagioclase phenocrysts trapped in the compacting mush are rotated toward horizontal. The asymmetric distribution of patches of glass trapped on the lower side of horizontal plagioclase phenocrysts is evidence of upward migration of residual liquid during compaction. Compaction profiles through the flow are determined using four independent, quantitative measures of textural anisotropy. These profiles agree well with the amount of compaction (maximum approximately 30%) indicated from the chemical profile. Quantitative modeling of crystallization of the central part of this flow indicates that the observed chemical profile can result from compaction as long as a touching framework of crystals forms early enough ( approximately 30% crystallized) for the mush to have a high permeability ( approximately 10 (super -9) m (super 2) ). If crystal mush can undergo compaction in a flood-basalt flow, compaction is likely to be an important process of differentiation in intrusive bodies. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Philpotts, Anthony R AU - Reidel, Stephen P AU - Philpotts, Doreen E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 135 EP - 136 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - flood basalts KW - Cohassett Flow KW - volcanic rocks KW - igneous rocks KW - melts KW - Cenozoic KW - mineral composition KW - volcanism KW - basalts KW - mineral assemblages KW - basalt flows KW - Washington KW - Columbia River Basalt Group KW - Hanford Site KW - properties KW - Miocene KW - models KW - crystals KW - compaction KW - Tertiary KW - Neogene KW - magmas KW - petrography KW - crystallization KW - large igneous provinces KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51787134?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Crystal-mush+compaction+in+the+Cohassett+Flow%2C+Hanford%2C+Washington&rft.au=Philpotts%2C+Anthony+R%3BReidel%2C+Stephen+P%3BPhilpotts%2C+Doreen+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Philpotts&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=135&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - basalt flows; basalts; Cenozoic; Cohassett Flow; Columbia River Basalt Group; compaction; crystallization; crystals; flood basalts; Hanford Site; igneous rocks; large igneous provinces; magmas; melts; mineral assemblages; mineral composition; Miocene; models; Neogene; petrography; properties; Tertiary; United States; volcanic rocks; volcanism; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A general reaction network approach for modeling biogeochemical reactive transport AN - 51784582; 2004-081627 AB - Most biogeochemical reactive transport simulators require reactions and rate laws to be specified in a limited number of canonical forms. In some cases (e.g., to describe the adsorption process with langmuir isotherm or to describe the reaction mechanism for pyrite oxidation using shrinking core model, etc.), this requirement is overly restrictive, and the simulator must be recoded, not only to accept the new forms, but also to address the construction of corresponding jacobians for the Newton-Raphson solution scheme. A methodology to overcome these difficulties and limitations was recently developed and tested in the BIOGEOCHEM simulator. The simulator interprets symbolic, user-specified equilibrium and kinetic reactions and rate laws of virtually any type for input to the MAPLE symbolic mathematical software package. MAPLE generates Fortran-90 code for the analytical jacobian expressions which are compiled and linked into the BIOGEOCHEM executable. A reaction network with user-defined expressions for equilibrium reactions and rate laws for kinetic reactions is used to demonstrate the methodology and test the efficiency against numerically approximated jacobians. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Fang, Yilin AU - Yabusaki, Steve B AU - Yeh, Gour-Tsyh AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 573 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - MAPLE KW - computer languages KW - data processing KW - computer programs KW - BIOGEOCHEM KW - biogenic processes KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - phase equilibria KW - Fortran KW - digital simulation KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51784582?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=A+general+reaction+network+approach+for+modeling+biogeochemical+reactive+transport&rft.au=Fang%2C+Yilin%3BYabusaki%2C+Steve+B%3BYeh%2C+Gour-Tsyh%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Fang&rft.aufirst=Yilin&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=573&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biogenic processes; BIOGEOCHEM; chemical reactions; computer languages; computer programs; data processing; digital simulation; Fortran; geochemistry; kinetics; MAPLE; phase equilibria; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Three-dimensional transient inverse calibration of a site-wide groundwater flow model using a facies-based approach at the Hanford Site, southeast Washington AN - 51769637; 2005-004154 AB - A three-dimensional transient inverse calibration has been performed using UCODE, a universal inverse modeling code developed jointly by the U.S. Geological Survey and the International Groundwater Modeling Center at the Colorado School of Mines. The transient inverse calibration evaluates hydraulic impacts to the unconfined aquifer system of Hanford waste management operations between 1943 and present and uses approximately 70,000 water level measurements made at the Hanford Site since the mid-1940s. This effort is part of an overall effort to strengthen the technical defensibility of the groundwater flow and transport model at the Hanford Site and to develop a more robust capability to incorporate uncertainty related to alternative conceptual models into future predictions. The focus of the current inverse modeling effort has been to implement and evaluate a facies-based approach for representing the hydraulic conductivity distributions in the Hanford and middle Ringold formations, two major hydrostratigraphic units within the unconfined aquifer system. Other modifications that were incorporated into this effort include 1) improved approaches for handling run-on recharge from upland areas (Cold Creek, Dry Creek, Rattlesnake Springs) based on watershed modeling results, 2) improved approach for representing artificial discharges from site operations, and 3) minor changes to the geologic conceptual model. An overall comparison of residual error statistics generally indicates an improvement in model fit for the facies-based model relative to a previously inversed model. The current model represents a first attempt to fully incorporate the facies-based approach for representing the hydrogeologic structure of the model, and further refinement of this distribution. We anticipate additional. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Vermeul, Vince R AU - Bergeron, Marcel P AU - Cole, Charles R AU - Nichols, William E AU - Scheibe, Tim D AU - Thorne, Paul D AU - Waichler, Scott R AU - Williams, Mark D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 450 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - Cold Creek KW - survey organizations KW - U. S. Geological Survey KW - Rattlesnake Springs KW - government agencies KW - calibration KW - environmental analysis KW - ground water KW - environmental management KW - Cenozoic KW - movement KW - sediments KW - academic institutions KW - Dry Creek KW - hydrology KW - Hanford Formation KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - three-dimensional models KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - inverse problem KW - properties KW - Ringold Formation KW - research KW - porosity KW - Colorado School of Mines KW - aquifers KW - models KW - Tertiary KW - hydrostratigraphy KW - Neogene KW - Pliocene KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - permeability KW - facies KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51769637?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Three-dimensional+transient+inverse+calibration+of+a+site-wide+groundwater+flow+model+using+a+facies-based+approach+at+the+Hanford+Site%2C+southeast+Washington&rft.au=Vermeul%2C+Vince+R%3BBergeron%2C+Marcel+P%3BCole%2C+Charles+R%3BNichols%2C+William+E%3BScheibe%2C+Tim+D%3BThorne%2C+Paul+D%3BWaichler%2C+Scott+R%3BWilliams%2C+Mark+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Vermeul&rft.aufirst=Vince&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=450&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - academic institutions; aquifers; calibration; Cenozoic; Cold Creek; Colorado School of Mines; Dry Creek; environmental analysis; environmental management; facies; government agencies; ground water; Hanford Formation; Hanford Site; hydraulic conductivity; hydrology; hydrostratigraphy; inverse problem; models; monitoring; movement; Neogene; permeability; Pliocene; pollutants; pollution; porosity; properties; Rattlesnake Springs; research; Ringold Formation; sediments; survey organizations; Tertiary; three-dimensional models; U. S. Geological Survey; United States; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geostatistical analysis of historical groundwater concentration data for calibration of flow and transport models AN - 51769406; 2005-004153 AB - Large amounts of historical data are available on the concentration of selected contaminants in groundwater at the Hanford Site, and this data can be used to evaluate fate and transport model performance used for decision making at the Site, including a System Assessment Capability (SAC) model recently developed for the Hanford Site. The historical groundwater contaminant concentration data can also be used to constrain initial inventories for sources of particular plumes, which can be highly uncertain and are important inputs to the SAC and other risk assessment models of the Hanford Site. Geostatistical methods applied to the historical concentration data were used to generate several hundred stochastic simulations of four radioactive contaminants: tritium, technetium-99, iodine-129, and uranium, for two time points, 1992 and 2001. The simulations included all major plumes for each of these radioactive contaminants at the site and were generated using a 50-m grid covering 781 square kilometers. Post-processing of the simulated contaminant concentrations on the fine grid provided several quantitative metrics that will be used to evaluate the overall performance of the SAC model. One metric was the total area for which the contaminant concentration was above the drinking water standard (DWS) for each realization. Analysis of the suite of realizations provided a measure of uncertainty about the area above the DWS. The concentration simulations were also converted to estimates of the contaminant mass (or activity) in each grid cell. Mass estimates were based on probability distributions for the porosity of each geologic unit and a model of the thickness of the geologic units present in each cell of the grid. The post-processed simulations provided probability distributions of the total mass or activity for each contaminant, as well as estimates of the center of mass of each plume. The approach provides a best estimate of the metrics, as well as estimates of the uncertainty in the metrics. Output from the SAC model will be compared to the geostatistical results and used to help calibrate the model. General results of the analysis indicate that the contaminant mass within a plume is only known to within a factor of about four, even when the sampled concentration data are assumed to be without error. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Murray, Christopher J AU - Chien, Yi-Ju AU - Thorne, Paul D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 450 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - water quality KW - contaminant plumes KW - isotopes KW - data processing KW - calibration KW - simulation KW - environmental analysis KW - drinking water KW - ground water KW - radioactive isotopes KW - movement KW - data bases KW - discharge KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - aquifers KW - models KW - risk assessment KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51769406?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Geostatistical+analysis+of+historical+groundwater+concentration+data+for+calibration+of+flow+and+transport+models&rft.au=Murray%2C+Christopher+J%3BChien%2C+Yi-Ju%3BThorne%2C+Paul+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Murray&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=450&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; calibration; chemical composition; contaminant plumes; data bases; data processing; discharge; drinking water; environmental analysis; geochemistry; ground water; Hanford Site; isotopes; models; monitoring; movement; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; risk assessment; simulation; solute transport; statistical analysis; United States; Washington; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - History matching of environmental data at Hanford using the System Assessment Capability (SAC) model AN - 51769026; 2005-004152 AB - The System Assessment Capability (SAC) model was developed to facilitate the understanding of the effects of waste disposal at Hanford and to aid in decision making for environmental cleanup. The SAC consists of a linked set of models that stochastically simulate the inventory, release, environmental transport and impacts of Hanford contaminants, and their associated environmental data. In order to have confidence in these models, it is necessary to compare historical data to the SAC model results. For SAC Rev. 1, historical data were matched to model results for contaminant transport in the atmosphere and the groundwater. For the purposes of the history matching exercise, the SAC Rev. 1 model was used to simulate the release, migration and fate of contaminants for the years 1944 to 2020. Comparisons were conducted for contaminants and time periods for which historical data were available. SAC is notable for modeling both past and future releases and migration (rather than adopting an initial condition), so that history matching can be used to demonstrate the veracity of the simulator. Release of Krypton-85 from various source areas to the atmosphere during the years 1983-1987 was simulated using the SAC Rev. 1 component model RATCHET2. Model results were compared to monitoring data for various sites. Transport of contaminants in the groundwater was simulated using the SAC Rev. 1 component model CFEST. Geostatistical methods were used to generate groundwater contaminant distributions for tritium, technetium-99, iodine-129, uranium, and hexavalent chromate based on historical data for comparison to model results. Mass in the aquifer, center of mass of the plume, and total area for which contaminant concentrations are above the drinking water standard were used as comparison metrics. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Wurstner, Signe K AU - Nichols, William E AU - Eslinger, Paul W AU - Last, George V AU - Engel, Dave W AU - Ramsdell, James V, Jr AU - Kincaid, Charles T AU - Bryce, Robert W AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 450 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - isotopes KW - pollutants KW - reclamation KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - simulation KW - environmental analysis KW - drinking water KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - models KW - radioactive isotopes KW - risk assessment KW - waste disposal KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51769026?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=History+matching+of+environmental+data+at+Hanford+using+the+System+Assessment+Capability+%28SAC%29+model&rft.au=Wurstner%2C+Signe+K%3BNichols%2C+William+E%3BEslinger%2C+Paul+W%3BLast%2C+George+V%3BEngel%2C+Dave+W%3BRamsdell%2C+James+V%2C+Jr%3BKincaid%2C+Charles+T%3BBryce%2C+Robert+W%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wurstner&rft.aufirst=Signe&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=450&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - drinking water; environmental analysis; ground water; Hanford Site; isotopes; models; monitoring; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; reclamation; remediation; risk assessment; simulation; United States; Washington; waste disposal; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simulation of carbon tetrachloride migration from the 216-Z-9 Trench at Hanford AN - 51769005; 2005-004149 AB - From July 1955 through June 1962, approximately 4,090,000 L of waste water, including 316,000 L of a mixture of dense, non-aqueous phase liquids (DNAPL), was discharged into the vadose zone of the Hanford Site through the 216-Z-9 Trench. Approximately 74% (by volume) of this DNAPL was carbon tetrachloride (CCl (sub 4) ). Three-dimensional numerical simulations were conducted of the three-phase (aqueous, gas, NAPL) migration of the disposed liquids from the trench using the STOMP code. The model domain is 440-m (E-W) by 540-m (N-S) by 201-m (ground surface to top of basalt) and consists of 12 hydrostratigraphic units constructed from geologic interpretations of borehole data (including drillers' logs, geologists' logs, particle size data, calcium carbonate content, moisture content, and geophysical logs). EarthVision (super R) software was used to interpolate the hydrostratigraphic units between boreholes. Simulations were conducted from 1955 through present to evaluate the evolution and current status of the plume. In addition to the base case, 20 sensitivity cases were simulated to analyze the sensitivity of the model results to uncertainties in the total volume of DNAPL released, DNAPL fluid properties, source characteristics (area and infiltration rates), soil hydraulic properties (porosity, permeability, anisotropy, fluid entry pressures, pore geometry parameters), and maximum residual DNAPL saturation. Simulation results are compared with observed field data and are evaluated using spatial moment analyses and integrated fluxes of DNAPL, dissolved aqueous-phase CCl (sub 4) , and dissolved gas-phase CCl (sub 4) crossing the model boundaries. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Rockhold, Mark L AU - Oostrom, Mart AU - White, Mark D AU - Thorne, Paul D AU - Last, George V AU - Truex, Mike J AU - Rohay, Virginia J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 449 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - well-logging KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - carbon KW - movement KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - geochemistry KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - trenching KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - hydrochemistry KW - porosity KW - carbon tetrachloride KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - physical properties KW - organic compounds KW - boreholes KW - hydrostratigraphy KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - permeability KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51769005?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Simulation+of+carbon+tetrachloride+migration+from+the+216-Z-9+Trench+at+Hanford&rft.au=Rockhold%2C+Mark+L%3BOostrom%2C+Mart%3BWhite%2C+Mark+D%3BThorne%2C+Paul+D%3BLast%2C+George+V%3BTruex%2C+Mike+J%3BRohay%2C+Virginia+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Rockhold&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=449&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boreholes; carbon; carbon tetrachloride; chlorinated hydrocarbons; geochemistry; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; Hanford Site; hydraulic conductivity; hydrochemistry; hydrology; hydrostratigraphy; monitoring; movement; nonaqueous phase liquids; organic compounds; permeability; physical properties; pollution; porosity; simulation; soils; trenching; United States; Washington; well-logging ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Imaging clastic dikes at the Hanford Site with ground penetrating radar AN - 51768539; 2005-004146 AB - The Hanford site contains numerous clastic dikes that are possible conduits for water flow through the vadose zone at Hanford. The near-surface sediments at the Hanford site predominantly consist of coarse to fine grained sands. The dikes are composed of a thin, clay or silt skin with sand and silt as the in-filling material. The dikes are easily located at the surface by vegetation changes. However, the subsurface character of the dikes is often poorly known. Furthermore, many dikes may not intersect the surface and thus are undetected. To determine the spatial distribution and depth of clastic dikes present at the Hanford site, we collected 3-dimensional, 100 MHz GPR surface reflection data at two sites; the 216-S-16 Pond and the Army Loop Road sites. The 3-dimensional data consist of 90 or 60 m lines with a spacing between traces of 0.1 m. We collected lines every 2 m to cover the area. We acquired more widely spaced cross-lines to provide ties between the lines. We also collected a 6.9 km linear profile with trace spacing of about 0.1 m to understand the dikes at larger scales. The survey crossed desert grassland similar to the Army Loop Road area and traversed many sand dunes and blowouts. The sand dunes enable deeper signal penetration below the land surface, but the data may not image any deeper below a common reference elevation. The dikes are easily distinguished in the GPR data by diffractions from the dike edge and a loss of coherence in underlying reflections. In general, the data quality is better at the Army Loop Road and Traverse sites than at the 216-S-16 Pond site. Cobbles and boulders are more common at the 216-S-16 Pond site and probably cause the poorer data quality. The signal penetration, and thus the ability to map the dikes in the subsurface, varies between 5 to 12 m below the land surface. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Clement, William P AU - Murray, Christopher J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 449 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - imagery KW - geophysical surveys KW - isotopes KW - radioactivity KW - ground-penetrating radar KW - unsaturated zone KW - clastic dikes KW - ground water KW - soft sediment deformation KW - radioactive isotopes KW - sediments KW - sedimentary structures KW - sand KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - clastic sediments KW - geophysical methods KW - radar methods KW - Hanford Site KW - reflection methods KW - seismic methods KW - surveys KW - nuclear facilities KW - geophysical profiles KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51768539?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Imaging+clastic+dikes+at+the+Hanford+Site+with+ground+penetrating+radar&rft.au=Clement%2C+William+P%3BMurray%2C+Christopher+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Clement&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=449&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - clastic dikes; clastic sediments; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geophysical surveys; ground water; ground-penetrating radar; Hanford Site; imagery; isotopes; monitoring; nuclear facilities; radar methods; radioactive isotopes; radioactivity; reflection methods; sand; sedimentary structures; sediments; seismic methods; soft sediment deformation; surveys; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - System assessment capability; an integrated model for simulating the transport, impacts and remediation of contaminants at the Hanford Site AN - 51768503; 2005-004151 AB - Considerable effort has gone into the characterization of the saturated and vadose zone hydrology at the Hanford Site so that contamination remaining from past operations can be effectively remediated. Research has also been done to identify the location and quantity of waste remaining at the Site and the effects various contaminants can have on human and ecological health. The resulting understanding of each of these topics must be collectively taken into account as decisions about Hanford cleanup are made. To facilitate that process, a system of numerical models was assembled to simulate the inventory, release, environmental transport and impacts of Hanford contaminants. This set of models and the associated data is called the System Assessment Capability. The capability simulates contaminant release, migration, and fate from the initiation of Hanford Site operations in 1944 forward. It illustrates historical and near-term influences on long-term risk and impact and, therefore, provides an opportunity to history match to observed events using waste site characterization data and results of groundwater monitoring. The capability is a stochastic simulation tool able to address 1000 waste discharge and disposal sites and multiple contaminants for a period of 10,000 years. It has been designed to also simulate a deterministic case as a single stochastic realization. Human health and ecological risks as well as impacts to the regional economy and local cultures are quantified. The capability was first developed in 2001 and has undergone considerable modification as recent research has provided improved understanding of contaminant inventory, transport and impacts. The capability is being used to prioritize remedial actions, evaluate alternatives, and communicate likely future impacts of Hanford on the environment. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Kincaid, Charles T AU - Bryce, Robert W AU - Eslinger, Paul W AU - Nichols, William E AU - Brandt, C A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 450 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - hydrology KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - numerical models KW - geologic hazards KW - pollutants KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - simulation KW - environmental analysis KW - environmental effects KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - models KW - movement KW - risk assessment KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51768503?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=System+assessment+capability%3B+an+integrated+model+for+simulating+the+transport%2C+impacts+and+remediation+of+contaminants+at+the+Hanford+Site&rft.au=Kincaid%2C+Charles+T%3BBryce%2C+Robert+W%3BEslinger%2C+Paul+W%3BNichols%2C+William+E%3BBrandt%2C+C+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kincaid&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=450&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - environmental analysis; environmental effects; geologic hazards; ground water; Hanford Site; hydrology; models; monitoring; movement; numerical models; pollutants; pollution; remediation; risk assessment; simulation; solute transport; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Xenon isotopes in soil gas as indicators of buried radioactive waste AN - 51767411; 2005-004162 AB - Levels of short-lived and stable xenon isotopes were measured in soil gas samples collected from three different waste disposal sites at the U.S. Department of Energy's Hanford Site, Washington State. Short-lived isotopes Xe-133 and Xe-135 were measured using a modification of the Automated Radioxenon Sample and Analysis (ARSA) system developed for Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty Verification. Stable isotopes were measured by rare gas mass spectrometry. A site that received large amounts of plutonium waste after separation from fission products showed detectable levels of radioxenon from the spontaneous fission of Pu-240 but no detectable alteration of stable xenon isotopes from the atmospheric background. Altered stable xenon isotope ratios were detected in soil gas samples collected near a radioactive waste landfill. The altered stable xenon isotope ratios are consistent with the probable presence of irradiated fuel elements in the burial ground. The measurements show the usefulness of xenon isotopic measurements for location and characterization of waste sources using minimally invasive techniques. Column transport studies indicate xenon transport through moist Hanford soil will be retarded relative to helium transport. This retardation may limit the distance short-lived isotopes can be detected from the source. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Dresel, P Evan AU - Olsen, Khris B AU - McIntyre, Justin I AU - Kennedy, B Mack AU - Hayes, James C AU - Horton, Duane G AU - Mitroshkov, Alexandre V AU - Panisko, Mark E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 451 EP - 452 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - hazardous waste KW - alteration KW - isotopes KW - waste disposal sites KW - mass spectra KW - burial KW - radioactive waste KW - waste management KW - noble gases KW - movement KW - Xe-135 KW - Xe-133 KW - spectra KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - soils KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - isotope ratios KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - indicators KW - xenon KW - waste disposal KW - soil gases KW - underground disposal KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51767411?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Xenon+isotopes+in+soil+gas+as+indicators+of+buried+radioactive+waste&rft.au=Dresel%2C+P+Evan%3BOlsen%2C+Khris+B%3BMcIntyre%2C+Justin+I%3BKennedy%2C+B+Mack%3BHayes%2C+James+C%3BHorton%2C+Duane+G%3BMitroshkov%2C+Alexandre+V%3BPanisko%2C+Mark+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Dresel&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=451&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alteration; burial; chemical composition; geochemistry; Hanford Site; hazardous waste; indicators; isotope ratios; isotopes; mass spectra; monitoring; movement; noble gases; pollution; radioactive waste; soil gases; soils; spectra; underground disposal; United States; Washington; waste disposal; waste disposal sites; waste management; Xe-133; Xe-135; xenon ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mineralogical and bulk-rock geochemical signatures of Ringold and Hanford Formation sediments AN - 51767388; 2005-004147 AB - The Ringold Formation and post-Ringold sediments (including cataclysmic flood deposits of the Hanford formation) constitute the primary aquifer and vadose zone sediments beneath the U.S. Department of Energy's Hanford Site. Although much is known about these formations from over 50 years of study, quantitative methods for classifying these materials in support of flow and transport models have not been developed. The purpose of this study was to explore the possibility of using statistical methods to classify sediment samples belonging to the Hanford or Ringold formations using mineralogy and geochemistry data. To this end, existing electron microprobe (EM), petrographic (Petro), and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) data were compiled into a central, digital database. Descriptive statistics, tests of difference (e.g. ANOVA), principal component analysis, and various classification analyses were applied to the data as a whole, as well as for subgroups comprised of samples from the two principal formations and for the two primary sampling locations (200 West Area and 200 East Area). We were able to use several statistical techniques to generate effective classifiers for distinguishing between Hanford and Ringold Formation samples using mineralogical and geochemical data. Classifiers for the 200 West Area that were generated using discriminant function analysis show good performance for the EM, Petro, and XRF datasets. However, spatial variability and the lack of stringent validation data suggest that generalization of the classification rules to areas outside of 200 West Area may be premature. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Xie, Yulong AU - Last, George V AU - Murray, Christopher J AU - Mackley, Robert D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 449 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - digital data KW - data processing KW - unsaturated zone KW - ground water KW - electron probe data KW - Cenozoic KW - sedimentary rocks KW - mineral composition KW - sampling KW - sediments KW - data bases KW - X-ray fluorescence spectra KW - spectra KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - hydrology KW - Hanford Formation KW - Washington KW - statistical analysis KW - Hanford Site KW - Ringold Formation KW - aquifers KW - Tertiary KW - Neogene KW - Pliocene KW - petrography KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51767388?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Mineralogical+and+bulk-rock+geochemical+signatures+of+Ringold+and+Hanford+Formation+sediments&rft.au=Xie%2C+Yulong%3BLast%2C+George+V%3BMurray%2C+Christopher+J%3BMackley%2C+Robert+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Xie&rft.aufirst=Yulong&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=449&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; Cenozoic; chemical composition; data bases; data processing; digital data; electron probe data; geochemistry; ground water; Hanford Formation; Hanford Site; hydrology; mineral composition; Neogene; petrography; Pliocene; Ringold Formation; sampling; sedimentary rocks; sediments; spectra; statistical analysis; Tertiary; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington; X-ray fluorescence spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Accelerated weathering experiments of two low-activity waste glasses using the pressurized unsaturated flow (PUF) apparatus AN - 51767375; 2005-004160 AB - Low Activity Waste (LAW) performance assessment models must account for the long term release rate from LAW glass formulations. The release rate is a key parameter affecting the overall performance of the LAW disposal facility. To address these and other issues, accelerated weathering experiments, using the pressurized unsaturated flow (PUF) apparatus, are currently being conducted to evaluate the corrosion rate of two radioactive glass formulations made with actual Hanford tank waste. The PUF apparatus allows for accelerated weathering experiments to be conducted under hydraulically unsaturated conditions, thereby mimicking the vadose zone environment while allowing the corroding glass to achieve a final reaction state. The basic test apparatus consists of a column packed with crushed glass, a titanium porous plate, a computer data acquisition and control system, a fluid pump, and electronic sensors. Results from the computer monitored sensors suggest that both glasses have a moderate corrosion rate consistent with rates measured for non-radioactive LAW glass formulations previously tested. Normalized release rates for (super 99) Tc and (super 238) U show congruent release behavior with B, indicating little or no incorporation into alteration phases. In contrast, static experiments with several LAW glasses show significant incorporation of (super 99) Tc into alteration phases, principally zeolites. The discrepancy may be due to the limited mass of alteration phases (or different types) that have formed in the PUF tests to date. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Pierce, E M AU - McGrail, B Pete AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 451 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - volcanic rocks KW - glasses KW - isotopes KW - igneous rocks KW - data acquisition KW - data processing KW - unsaturated zone KW - ground water KW - radioactive isotopes KW - movement KW - chemical composition KW - glass materials KW - geochemistry KW - soils KW - corrosion KW - technetium KW - experimental studies KW - Washington KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - Tc-99 KW - weathering KW - models KW - metals KW - uranium KW - U-238 KW - low-level waste KW - actinides KW - instruments KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51767375?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Accelerated+weathering+experiments+of+two+low-activity+waste+glasses+using+the+pressurized+unsaturated+flow+%28PUF%29+apparatus&rft.au=Pierce%2C+E+M%3BMcGrail%2C+B+Pete%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Pierce&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=451&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; chemical composition; corrosion; data acquisition; data processing; experimental studies; geochemistry; glass materials; glasses; ground water; Hanford Site; igneous rocks; instruments; isotopes; low-level waste; metals; models; movement; pollution; radioactive isotopes; soils; Tc-99; technetium; U-238; United States; unsaturated zone; uranium; volcanic rocks; Washington; weathering ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating potential loss of existing monitoring wells at Hanford using a first order analysis of uncertainty AN - 51767324; 2005-004155 AB - During defense material production activities at the Hanford site in southeastern Washington State, large volumes of wastewater were discharged to waste facilities from 1943-1987. These subsurface discharges resulted in large water table changes and created significant groundwater mounds (in excess of 20 m) under waste management facilities in the central part of the site. Since the mission at the Hanford Site changed from weapons production to environmental restoration in 1988, the decline in wastewater discharges has caused the groundwater mounds to dissipate. Monitoring the approximately 700 wells at the Hanford Site has become increasingly difficult in recent years due to a falling water table that is causing wells to go dry. Using the first order analysis in UCODE and approximately 76,000 historical observations of head, an initial implementation of the Hanford Site uncertainty methodology investigates which of the 700 monitoring wells are likely to go dry between now and 2050, and compares the success of model predictions with monitoring well data through the year 2003. Model predictions are compared to approximately 12,700 observations of head from 1997-2003. This analysis included a comparison of simulated head as well as the confidence and prediction intervals bracketing the central value. Results demonstrated that confidence and prediction intervals are critical to the successful prediction of a dry well status and that the uncertainty methodology can be used to assist in the development of a long-term strategy for their replacement. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated for the U. S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC06-76RL01830. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Freedman, Vicky L AU - Cole, Charles R AU - Waichler, Scott R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 450 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - waste water KW - pollutants KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - environmental analysis KW - ground water KW - waste management KW - boreholes KW - risk assessment KW - waste disposal KW - water wells KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51767324?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Evaluating+potential+loss+of+existing+monitoring+wells+at+Hanford+using+a+first+order+analysis+of+uncertainty&rft.au=Freedman%2C+Vicky+L%3BCole%2C+Charles+R%3BWaichler%2C+Scott+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Freedman&rft.aufirst=Vicky&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=450&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boreholes; environmental analysis; ground water; Hanford Site; monitoring; pollutants; pollution; prediction; risk assessment; United States; Washington; waste disposal; waste management; waste water; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cosmogenic burial dating and magnetostratigraphy of early and mid-Pleistocene Missoula flood sediments, Hanford, WA AN - 51767284; 2004-085593 AB - Previous magnetostratigraphic studies (Bjornstad et al, 2001; Pluhar, 2003) indicate that Pleistocene cataclysmic flood deposits of the Hanford DOE site record events as old at 1.1 Ma. These, and additional new magnetostratigraphic data presented here, derive from drill cores penetrating the Cold Creek flood bar in the Pasco Basin, a depositional sink for much of the material scoured from the Channeled Scabland during Missoula Floods and other similar events. The eastern part of the Cold Creek bar records a magnetostratigraphy characterized by reversed polarity at the base with normal polarity above and reversed polarity on top. We hypothesize that the normal zone is the Jaramillo subchron (0.99-1.07 Ma), or less likely, the Olduvai subchron (1.77-1.95 Ma). We test these possibilities by cosmogenic burial dating (Granger and Musikar, 2001), using the differential radioactive decay of (super 26) Al and (super 10) Be. We sampled 2 paleosols from drill cores of eastern Cold Creek bar as well as 14 kyr Missoula Flood sediments from Badger Coulee for cosmogenic burial dating. We chose the paleosols to increase the likelihood that sufficient cosmogenic nuclides would have accumulated in the samples prior to burial to allow application of this technique. We analyzed the 14 kyr sample to provide an estimate of the inherited cosmogenic nuclide ratio. Measurable inherited concentrations in the same proportion as that produced at the surface would indicate that burial dating could be applied throughout the stratigraphy. If not, then only the paleosols should be dated by this technique. Initial results suggest that sufficient cosmogenic nuclides concentrations are present in these sediments to make burial dating feasible. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Pluhar, Christopher J AU - Stock, Greg AU - Finkel, Robert C AU - Anderson, Robert S AU - Coe, Robert S AU - Reidel, Stephen P AU - Bjornstad, Bruce N AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 217 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - relative age KW - Cold Creek KW - geologic hazards KW - isotopes KW - lakes KW - cosmogenic elements KW - magnetostratigraphy KW - cores KW - burial KW - Cenozoic KW - geochronology KW - dates KW - sediments KW - Pasco Basin KW - floods KW - drilling KW - geochemistry KW - buried features KW - glacial lakes KW - Washington KW - Grand Coulee Dam KW - Quaternary KW - Lake Missoula KW - Hanford Site KW - glacial features KW - Pleistocene KW - 24:Quaternary geology KW - 03:Geochronology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51767284?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Cosmogenic+burial+dating+and+magnetostratigraphy+of+early+and+mid-Pleistocene+Missoula+flood+sediments%2C+Hanford%2C+WA&rft.au=Pluhar%2C+Christopher+J%3BStock%2C+Greg%3BFinkel%2C+Robert+C%3BAnderson%2C+Robert+S%3BCoe%2C+Robert+S%3BReidel%2C+Stephen+P%3BBjornstad%2C+Bruce+N%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Pluhar&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=217&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - burial; buried features; Cenozoic; Cold Creek; cores; cosmogenic elements; dates; drilling; floods; geochemistry; geochronology; geologic hazards; glacial features; glacial lakes; Grand Coulee Dam; Hanford Site; isotopes; Lake Missoula; lakes; magnetostratigraphy; Pasco Basin; Pleistocene; Quaternary; relative age; sediments; United States; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A groundwater quality assessment at single-shell tank farms at the DOE Hanford Site AN - 51766711; 2005-004157 AB - Scientists from the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory have conducted an assessment of the groundwater quality under three buried past-practice waste storage tank farms at the DOE Hanford Site in eastern Washington. The case history presented in this paper covers current findings of the investigation, discussing problems unique to a past-practice radioactive storage facility. Innovative technologies have been deployed to unravel a complicated picture of groundwater contamination. The dangerous waste management unit, comprised of the three tank farms, is regulated under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act interim-status regulations (40 CFR 265, Subpart F) and Washington's Hazardous Waste Management Act (HWMA, RCW 70.105). The unit was placed in assessment groundwater monitoring in 1996 when elevated conductivity was observed in a downgradient monitoring well. The purpose of the assessment was to determine if hazardous waste associated with the buried storage facilities had impacted groundwater quality. The subsurface situation at this site is complicated by several factors. For example, the tank farms are surrounded by disposal facilities where waste of a similar composition was disposed directly to the soil column during the same time period the tanks were in active use. Thus it is difficult to track groundwater contamination back to a specific tank source. In addition the water table is essentially flat, caused by a highly transmissive, unconfined aquifer. Consequently conventional methods to determine flow direction based on water levels are not useful at this site. Furthermore the local flow direction has been artificially changed over time due to large discharges of liquid waste causing water table to rise and diverted the groundwater from its natural direction. However, with the use of innovative technologies along with standard methods, it has been possible to determine the source for the groundwater contamination observed since the waste management unit was placed in assessment in the mid-1990s. Recent data evaluation studies center on pattern matching of trend plots and chemical fingerprinting using the ratio of nitrate to technetium-99 found in the groundwater. Results of both studies are presented and discussed. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Narbutovskih, Susan M AU - Schalla, Ronald AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 451 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - soils KW - water quality KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - geologic hazards KW - isotopes KW - waste water KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - environmental analysis KW - drinking water KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - radioactive isotopes KW - movement KW - risk assessment KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - waste disposal KW - water wells KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51766711?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=A+groundwater+quality+assessment+at+single-shell+tank+farms+at+the+DOE+Hanford+Site&rft.au=Narbutovskih%2C+Susan+M%3BSchalla%2C+Ronald%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Narbutovskih&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=451&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; drinking water; environmental analysis; geologic hazards; ground water; Hanford Site; hydraulic conductivity; isotopes; monitoring; movement; pollution; radioactive isotopes; risk assessment; soils; United States; Washington; waste disposal; waste water; water quality; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Erratic behavior on Rattlesnake Mountain, Hanford Reach National Monument, south-central Washington AN - 51764624; 2004-085597 AB - Ice-rafted debris accumulated in slackwater areas up to an elevation of 1200 ft within the Pasco Basin during repeated Pleistocene cataclysmic floods. Floodwaters backed up behind a hydraulic constriction at Wallula Gap, forming temporary Lake Lewis and depositing ice-rafted erratics and bergmounds along the gently sloping flanks of Rattlesnake Mountain (RM). Ice-rafted debris is of three types: 1) isolated erratics, 2) erratic clusters, and 3) bergmounds. Bergmounds consist of accumulations of erratics, which display some topographic relief, usually in the form of low conical-shaped mounds. A study of the ice-rafted debris is being performed in a long-protected, sparsely vegetated, 17 mi2 area on the NE flank of RM, now part of the Hanford Reach National Monument. Locations of erratics with >1 ft2 area (planview) and bergmounds are being recorded using a hand-held GPS. Additional information is being gathered on: 1) elevation, 2) lithology, 3) size, 4) roundness, 5) shape, and 6) surface characteristics of erratics. Greater than 95% consist of rock types other than indigenous basalt; >75% being of granitic composition. Other lithologies, in order of decreasing abundance, are diorite, quartzite, basalt, schist, gneiss, and argillite. Most erratics are either subrounded or rounded, followed by subangular; angular clasts are least common. The surfaces of most erratics are unweathered to moderately weathered. Approximately 30% of erratics, perhaps derived from older pre-Wisconsin floods, are strongly weathered. The distribution of erratics is non-uniform and their overall size and frequency decreases with elevation. Decreases in the number of erratics with elevation are attributed to a greater number of less-than-maximum floods. Decreases in size may be due to either: 1) larger floods producing smaller icebergs, or 2) large icebergs, capable of rafting more and larger debris, becoming grounded well away from the ancient lakeshores. Since bergmounds are generally absent above 1000 ft, we prefer the later explanation. Erratics appear to concentrate along the SE sides of a series of NE-trending gullies within the study area. Variable flow velocities across this uneven surface may have created eddies, forcing icebergs to collect in the deeper and quieter waters along the back sides of these gullies. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Bjornstad, Bruce N AU - Jennett, Elysia M AU - Gaston, Jenna AU - Kleinknecht, Gary AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 217 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - Global Positioning System KW - geologic hazards KW - erosion KW - lakes KW - Wisconsinan KW - upper Pleistocene KW - Cenozoic KW - national monuments KW - mineral composition KW - glacial environment KW - sediments KW - Pasco Basin KW - floods KW - Hanford Reach National Monument KW - glacial lakes KW - Washington KW - Quaternary KW - sedimentation KW - glacial features KW - public lands KW - Wallula Gap KW - Pleistocene KW - petrography KW - geomorphology KW - Rattlesnake Mountain KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51764624?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Erratic+behavior+on+Rattlesnake+Mountain%2C+Hanford+Reach+National+Monument%2C+south-central+Washington&rft.au=Bjornstad%2C+Bruce+N%3BJennett%2C+Elysia+M%3BGaston%2C+Jenna%3BKleinknecht%2C+Gary%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bjornstad&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=217&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cenozoic; erosion; floods; geologic hazards; geomorphology; glacial environment; glacial features; glacial lakes; Global Positioning System; Hanford Reach National Monument; lakes; mineral composition; national monuments; Pasco Basin; petrography; Pleistocene; public lands; Quaternary; Rattlesnake Mountain; sedimentation; sediments; United States; upper Pleistocene; Wallula Gap; Washington; Wisconsinan ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Site 1248 AN - 50497753; 2004-011453 JF - Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Part A: Initial Reports AU - Trehu, Anne M AU - Bohrmann, Gerhard AU - Rack, Frank R AU - Torres, Marta E AU - Bangs, Nathan L AU - Barr, Samantha R AU - Borowski, Walter S AU - Claypool, George E AU - Collett, Timothy S AU - Delwiche, Mark E AU - Dickens, Gerald R AU - Goldberg, David S AU - Gracia, Eulalia AU - Guerin, Gilles AU - Holland, Melanie AU - Johnson, Joel E AU - Lee, Young-Joo AU - Liu, Char-Shine AU - Long, Philip E AU - Milkov, Alexei V (Aleksei V) AU - Riedel, Michael AU - Schultheiss, Peter AU - Su, Xin AU - Teichert, Barbara AU - Tomaru, Hitoshi AU - Vanneste, Maarten AU - Watanabe, Mahito AU - Weinberger, Jill L A2 - Chapman, Mary Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 75 PB - Texas A&M University, Ocean Drilling Program, College Station, TX VL - 204 KW - United States KW - lithostratigraphy KW - Northeast Pacific KW - gas hydrates KW - Cascadia Basin KW - algae KW - Holocene KW - cores KW - ODP Site 1248 KW - Cenozoic KW - Oregon KW - marine sediments KW - diatoms KW - sediments KW - ocean floors KW - Leg 204 KW - geochemistry KW - East Pacific KW - Plantae KW - continental margin KW - Quaternary KW - biostratigraphy KW - geomicrobiology KW - geophysical methods KW - Hydrate Ridge KW - physical properties KW - North Pacific KW - nannofossils KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Pleistocene KW - Ocean Drilling Program KW - microfossils KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50497753?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Ocean+Drilling+Program%2C+Part+A%3A+Initial+Reports&rft.atitle=Site+1248&rft.au=Trehu%2C+Anne+M%3BBohrmann%2C+Gerhard%3BRack%2C+Frank+R%3BTorres%2C+Marta+E%3BBangs%2C+Nathan+L%3BBarr%2C+Samantha+R%3BBorowski%2C+Walter+S%3BClaypool%2C+George+E%3BCollett%2C+Timothy+S%3BDelwiche%2C+Mark+E%3BDickens%2C+Gerald+R%3BGoldberg%2C+David+S%3BGracia%2C+Eulalia%3BGuerin%2C+Gilles%3BHolland%2C+Melanie%3BJohnson%2C+Joel+E%3BLee%2C+Young-Joo%3BLiu%2C+Char-Shine%3BLong%2C+Philip+E%3BMilkov%2C+Alexei+V+%28Aleksei+V%29%3BRiedel%2C+Michael%3BSchultheiss%2C+Peter%3BSu%2C+Xin%3BTeichert%2C+Barbara%3BTomaru%2C+Hitoshi%3BVanneste%2C+Maarten%3BWatanabe%2C+Mahito%3BWeinberger%2C+Jill+L&rft.aulast=Trehu&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=204&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Ocean+Drilling+Program%2C+Part+A%3A+Initial+Reports&rft.issn=0884-5883&rft_id=info:doi/10.2973%2Fodp.proc.ir.204.107.2003 L2 - http://www-odp.tamu.edu/publications/204_IR/chap_07/chap_07.htm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. strat. cols., 13 tables, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Available only on CD-ROM in PDF format and on the Web in PDF or HTML; CD-ROM format, ISSN 1096-2522; WWW format, ISSN 1096-2158 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - IDSDA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algae; biostratigraphy; Cascadia Basin; Cenozoic; continental margin; cores; diatoms; East Pacific; gas hydrates; geochemistry; geomicrobiology; geophysical methods; Holocene; Hydrate Ridge; Leg 204; lithostratigraphy; marine sediments; microfossils; nannofossils; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; Ocean Drilling Program; ocean floors; ODP Site 1248; Oregon; Pacific Ocean; physical properties; Plantae; Pleistocene; Quaternary; sediments; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.ir.204.107.2003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Leg 204 summary AN - 50497715; 2004-011447 AB - During Leg 204, we cored and logged nine sites on the Oregon continental margin to determine the distribution and concentration of gas hydrates in an accretionary ridge and adjacent slope basin, investigate the mechanisms that transport methane and other gases into the gas hydrate stability zone (GHSZ), and obtain constraints on physical properties of gas hydrates in situ. A three-dimensional seismic survey conducted from 19 June through 3 July 2000 provided images of potential subsurface fluid conduits and indicated the depth of the bottom-simulating reflector (BSR), a commonly used proxy for the base of the GHSZ. After coring at the first site, we acquired logging-while-drilling (LWD) data at all but one site to provide an overview of downhole physical properties prior to coring. The LWD data confirmed the general position of key seismic stratigraphic horizons and yielded an initial estimate of gas hydrate concentration through the proxy of in situ electrical resistivity. These records proved to be of great value in planning subsequent coring. We also tested the use of infrared (IR) thermal imaging of cores as a new and effective tool to identify gas hydrates as rapidly as possible after core retrieval. The thermal images were used to estimate the distribution and texture of hydrate within the cores. Geochemical analyses of interstitial waters and of headspace and void gases provided additional information on the distribution and concentration of gas hydrate within the GHSZ, the origin and pathway of fluids into and through the GHSZ, and the rates at which the process of gas hydrate formation is occurring. Biostratigraphic and lithostratigraphic descriptions of cores, measurement of physical properties, in situ pressure core sampling, and thermal measurements complement the data set, providing ground-truth tests of inferred physical and sedimentological properties. JF - Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Part A: Initial Reports AU - Trehu, Anne M AU - Bohrmann, Gerhard AU - Rack, Frank R AU - Torres, Marta E AU - Bangs, Nathan L AU - Barr, Samantha R AU - Borowski, Walter S AU - Claypool, George E AU - Collett, Timothy S AU - Delwiche, Mark E AU - Dickens, Gerald R AU - Goldberg, David S AU - Gracia, Eulalia AU - Guerin, Gilles AU - Holland, Melanie AU - Johnson, Joel E AU - Lee, Young-Joo AU - Liu, Char-Shine AU - Long, Philip E AU - Milkov, Alexei V (Aleksei V) AU - Riedel, Michael AU - Schultheiss, Peter AU - Su, Xin AU - Teichert, Barbara AU - Tomaru, Hitoshi AU - Vanneste, Maarten AU - Watanabe, Mahito AU - Weinberger, Jill L A2 - Chapman, Mary Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 75 PB - Texas A&M University, Ocean Drilling Program, College Station, TX VL - 204 KW - United States KW - lithostratigraphy KW - Northeast Pacific KW - geophysical surveys KW - gas hydrates KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - Cascadia Basin KW - cores KW - Oregon KW - marine sediments KW - sediments KW - thickness KW - ocean floors KW - Leg 204 KW - geochemistry KW - East Pacific KW - high-resolution methods KW - continental margin KW - seismic profiles KW - methane KW - biostratigraphy KW - geophysical methods KW - anomalies KW - Hydrate Ridge KW - alkanes KW - seismic methods KW - organic compounds KW - boreholes KW - North Pacific KW - Pacific Ocean KW - hydrocarbons KW - surveys KW - geophysical profiles KW - Ocean Drilling Program KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50497715?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Ocean+Drilling+Program%2C+Part+A%3A+Initial+Reports&rft.atitle=Leg+204+summary&rft.au=Trehu%2C+Anne+M%3BBohrmann%2C+Gerhard%3BRack%2C+Frank+R%3BTorres%2C+Marta+E%3BBangs%2C+Nathan+L%3BBarr%2C+Samantha+R%3BBorowski%2C+Walter+S%3BClaypool%2C+George+E%3BCollett%2C+Timothy+S%3BDelwiche%2C+Mark+E%3BDickens%2C+Gerald+R%3BGoldberg%2C+David+S%3BGracia%2C+Eulalia%3BGuerin%2C+Gilles%3BHolland%2C+Melanie%3BJohnson%2C+Joel+E%3BLee%2C+Young-Joo%3BLiu%2C+Char-Shine%3BLong%2C+Philip+E%3BMilkov%2C+Alexei+V+%28Aleksei+V%29%3BRiedel%2C+Michael%3BSchultheiss%2C+Peter%3BSu%2C+Xin%3BTeichert%2C+Barbara%3BTomaru%2C+Hitoshi%3BVanneste%2C+Maarten%3BWatanabe%2C+Mahito%3BWeinberger%2C+Jill+L&rft.aulast=Trehu&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=204&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Ocean+Drilling+Program%2C+Part+A%3A+Initial+Reports&rft.issn=0884-5883&rft_id=info:doi/10.2973%2Fodp.proc.ir.204.101.2003 L2 - http://www-odp.tamu.edu/publications/204_IR/chap_01/chap_01.htm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 65 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sects., 4 tables, sketch maps N1 - SuppNotes - Also available on CD-ROM in PDF format and in the Web in PDF or HTML; CD-ROM format, ISSN 1096-2522; WWW format, ISSN 1096-2158 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - IDSDA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; anomalies; biostratigraphy; boreholes; Cascadia Basin; continental margin; cores; East Pacific; gas hydrates; geochemistry; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geophysical surveys; high-resolution methods; Hydrate Ridge; hydrocarbons; Leg 204; lithostratigraphy; marine sediments; methane; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; Ocean Drilling Program; ocean floors; Oregon; organic compounds; Pacific Ocean; sediments; seismic methods; seismic profiles; surveys; thickness; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.ir.204.101.2003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Site 1247 AN - 50497196; 2004-011452 JF - Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Part A: Initial Reports AU - Trehu, Anne M AU - Bohrmann, Gerhard AU - Rack, Frank R AU - Torres, Marta E AU - Bangs, Nathan L AU - Barr, Samantha R AU - Borowski, Walter S AU - Claypool, George E AU - Collett, Timothy S AU - Delwiche, Mark E AU - Dickens, Gerald R AU - Goldberg, David S AU - Gracia, Eulalia AU - Guerin, Gilles AU - Holland, Melanie AU - Johnson, Joel E AU - Lee, Young-Joo AU - Liu, Char-Shine AU - Long, Philip E AU - Milkov, Alexei V (Aleksei V) AU - Riedel, Michael AU - Schultheiss, Peter AU - Su, Xin AU - Teichert, Barbara AU - Tomaru, Hitoshi AU - Vanneste, Maarten AU - Watanabe, Mahito AU - Weinberger, Jill L A2 - Chapman, Mary Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 84 PB - Texas A&M University, Ocean Drilling Program, College Station, TX VL - 204 KW - United States KW - lithostratigraphy KW - Northeast Pacific KW - gas hydrates KW - Cascadia Basin KW - algae KW - Holocene KW - cores KW - Cenozoic KW - Oregon KW - ODP Site 1247 KW - marine sediments KW - diatoms KW - sediments KW - ocean floors KW - Leg 204 KW - geochemistry KW - East Pacific KW - Plantae KW - continental margin KW - Quaternary KW - biostratigraphy KW - geomicrobiology KW - geophysical methods KW - Hydrate Ridge KW - physical properties KW - North Pacific KW - nannofossils KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Pleistocene KW - Ocean Drilling Program KW - microfossils KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50497196?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Ocean+Drilling+Program%2C+Part+A%3A+Initial+Reports&rft.atitle=Site+1247&rft.au=Trehu%2C+Anne+M%3BBohrmann%2C+Gerhard%3BRack%2C+Frank+R%3BTorres%2C+Marta+E%3BBangs%2C+Nathan+L%3BBarr%2C+Samantha+R%3BBorowski%2C+Walter+S%3BClaypool%2C+George+E%3BCollett%2C+Timothy+S%3BDelwiche%2C+Mark+E%3BDickens%2C+Gerald+R%3BGoldberg%2C+David+S%3BGracia%2C+Eulalia%3BGuerin%2C+Gilles%3BHolland%2C+Melanie%3BJohnson%2C+Joel+E%3BLee%2C+Young-Joo%3BLiu%2C+Char-Shine%3BLong%2C+Philip+E%3BMilkov%2C+Alexei+V+%28Aleksei+V%29%3BRiedel%2C+Michael%3BSchultheiss%2C+Peter%3BSu%2C+Xin%3BTeichert%2C+Barbara%3BTomaru%2C+Hitoshi%3BVanneste%2C+Maarten%3BWatanabe%2C+Mahito%3BWeinberger%2C+Jill+L&rft.aulast=Trehu&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=204&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Ocean+Drilling+Program%2C+Part+A%3A+Initial+Reports&rft.issn=0884-5883&rft_id=info:doi/10.2973%2Fodp.proc.ir.204.106.2003 L2 - http://www-odp.tamu.edu/publications/204_IR/chap_06/chap_06.htm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. strat. cols., 15 tables, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Available only on CD-ROM in PDF format and on the Web in PDF or HTML; CD-ROM format, ISSN 1096-2522; WWW format, ISSN 1096-2158 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - IDSDA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algae; biostratigraphy; Cascadia Basin; Cenozoic; continental margin; cores; diatoms; East Pacific; gas hydrates; geochemistry; geomicrobiology; geophysical methods; Holocene; Hydrate Ridge; Leg 204; lithostratigraphy; marine sediments; microfossils; nannofossils; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; Ocean Drilling Program; ocean floors; ODP Site 1247; Oregon; Pacific Ocean; physical properties; Plantae; Pleistocene; Quaternary; sediments; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.ir.204.106.2003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, initial reports, drilling gas hydrates on Hydrate Ridge, Cascadia continental margin; covering Leg 204 of the cruises of the drilling vessel JOIDES Resolution Victoria, British Columbia, Canada, to Victoria, British Columbia, Canada; sites 1244-1252, 7 July-2 September 2002 AN - 50496808; 2004-011446 JF - Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Part A: Initial Reports AU - Trehu, Anne M AU - Bohrmann, Gerhard AU - Rack, Frank R AU - Torres, Marta E AU - Bangs, Nathan L AU - Barr, Samantha R AU - Borowski, Walter S AU - Claypool, George E AU - Collett, Timothy S AU - Delwiche, Mark E AU - Dickens, Gerald R AU - Goldberg, David S AU - Gracia, Eulalia AU - Guerin, Gilles AU - Holland, Melanie AU - Johnson, Joel E AU - Lee, Young-Joo AU - Liu, Char-Shine AU - Long, Philip E AU - Milkov, Alexei V (Aleksei V) AU - Riedel, Michael AU - Schultheiss, Peter AU - Su, Xin AU - Teichert, Barbara AU - Tomaru, Hitoshi AU - Vanneste, Maarten AU - Watanabe, Mahito AU - Weinberger, Jill L A2 - Chapman, Mary Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 EP - variously paginated PB - Texas A&M University, Ocean Drilling Program, College Station, TX VL - 204 KW - East Pacific KW - lithostratigraphy KW - Northeast Pacific KW - gas hydrates KW - biostratigraphy KW - geophysical methods KW - Cascadia Basin KW - Hydrate Ridge KW - cores KW - physical properties KW - marine sediments KW - North Pacific KW - Pacific Ocean KW - sediments KW - Ocean Drilling Program KW - ocean floors KW - Leg 204 KW - geochemistry KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50496808?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Trehu%2C+Anne+M%3BBohrmann%2C+Gerhard%3BRack%2C+Frank+R%3BTorres%2C+Marta+E%3BBangs%2C+Nathan+L%3BBarr%2C+Samantha+R%3BBorowski%2C+Walter+S%3BClaypool%2C+George+E%3BCollett%2C+Timothy+S%3BDelwiche%2C+Mark+E%3BDickens%2C+Gerald+R%3BGoldberg%2C+David+S%3BGracia%2C+Eulalia%3BGuerin%2C+Gilles%3BHolland%2C+Melanie%3BJohnson%2C+Joel+E%3BLee%2C+Young-Joo%3BLiu%2C+Char-Shine%3BLong%2C+Philip+E%3BMilkov%2C+Alexei+V+%28Aleksei+V%29%3BRiedel%2C+Michael%3BSchultheiss%2C+Peter%3BSu%2C+Xin%3BTeichert%2C+Barbara%3BTomaru%2C+Hitoshi%3BVanneste%2C+Maarten%3BWatanabe%2C+Mahito%3BWeinberger%2C+Jill+L&rft.aulast=Trehu&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Proceedings+of+the+Ocean+Drilling+Program%2C+initial+reports%2C+drilling+gas+hydrates+on+Hydrate+Ridge%2C+Cascadia+continental+margin%3B+covering+Leg+204+of+the+cruises+of+the+drilling+vessel+JOIDES+Resolution+Victoria%2C+British+Columbia%2C+Canada%2C+to+Victoria%2C+British+Columbia%2C+Canada%3B+sites+1244-1252%2C+7+July-2+September+2002&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Ocean+Drilling+Program%2C+initial+reports%2C+drilling+gas+hydrates+on+Hydrate+Ridge%2C+Cascadia+continental+margin%3B+covering+Leg+204+of+the+cruises+of+the+drilling+vessel+JOIDES+Resolution+Victoria%2C+British+Columbia%2C+Canada%2C+to+Victoria%2C+British+Columbia%2C+Canada%3B+sites+1244-1252%2C+7+July-2+September+2002&rft.issn=0884-5883&rft_id=info:doi/10.2973%2Fodp.proc.ir.204.2003 L2 - http://www-odp.tamu.edu/publications/204_IR/204TOC.HTM LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - SuppNotes - Individual chapters are cited separately; chapters 2-11, core descriptions, and supplementary data are available only on the included CD-ROMs and on the Web; CD-ROM format, ISSN 1096-2522; WWW format, ISSN 1096-2158 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - IDSDA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biostratigraphy; Cascadia Basin; cores; East Pacific; gas hydrates; geochemistry; geophysical methods; Hydrate Ridge; Leg 204; lithostratigraphy; marine sediments; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; Ocean Drilling Program; ocean floors; Pacific Ocean; physical properties; sediments DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.ir.204.2003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Site 1252 AN - 50496620; 2004-011457 JF - Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Part A: Initial Reports AU - Trehu, Anne M AU - Bohrmann, Gerhard AU - Rack, Frank R AU - Torres, Marta E AU - Bangs, Nathan L AU - Barr, Samantha R AU - Borowski, Walter S AU - Claypool, George E AU - Collett, Timothy S AU - Delwiche, Mark E AU - Dickens, Gerald R AU - Goldberg, David S AU - Gracia, Eulalia AU - Guerin, Gilles AU - Holland, Melanie AU - Johnson, Joel E AU - Lee, Young-Joo AU - Liu, Char-Shine AU - Long, Philip E AU - Milkov, Alexei V (Aleksei V) AU - Riedel, Michael AU - Schultheiss, Peter AU - Su, Xin AU - Teichert, Barbara AU - Tomaru, Hitoshi AU - Vanneste, Maarten AU - Watanabe, Mahito AU - Weinberger, Jill L A2 - Chapman, Mary Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 62 PB - Texas A&M University, Ocean Drilling Program, College Station, TX VL - 204 KW - United States KW - lithostratigraphy KW - Northeast Pacific KW - gas hydrates KW - Cascadia Basin KW - algae KW - Holocene KW - cores KW - Cenozoic KW - Oregon KW - marine sediments KW - diatoms KW - sediments KW - ocean floors KW - Leg 204 KW - geochemistry KW - East Pacific KW - Plantae KW - continental margin KW - Quaternary KW - biostratigraphy KW - geomicrobiology KW - geophysical methods KW - Hydrate Ridge KW - Tertiary KW - physical properties KW - North Pacific KW - Neogene KW - nannofossils KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Pliocene KW - Pleistocene KW - Ocean Drilling Program KW - ODP Site 1252 KW - microfossils KW - 12:Stratigraphy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50496620?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Ocean+Drilling+Program%2C+Part+A%3A+Initial+Reports&rft.atitle=Site+1252&rft.au=Trehu%2C+Anne+M%3BBohrmann%2C+Gerhard%3BRack%2C+Frank+R%3BTorres%2C+Marta+E%3BBangs%2C+Nathan+L%3BBarr%2C+Samantha+R%3BBorowski%2C+Walter+S%3BClaypool%2C+George+E%3BCollett%2C+Timothy+S%3BDelwiche%2C+Mark+E%3BDickens%2C+Gerald+R%3BGoldberg%2C+David+S%3BGracia%2C+Eulalia%3BGuerin%2C+Gilles%3BHolland%2C+Melanie%3BJohnson%2C+Joel+E%3BLee%2C+Young-Joo%3BLiu%2C+Char-Shine%3BLong%2C+Philip+E%3BMilkov%2C+Alexei+V+%28Aleksei+V%29%3BRiedel%2C+Michael%3BSchultheiss%2C+Peter%3BSu%2C+Xin%3BTeichert%2C+Barbara%3BTomaru%2C+Hitoshi%3BVanneste%2C+Maarten%3BWatanabe%2C+Mahito%3BWeinberger%2C+Jill+L&rft.aulast=Trehu&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=204&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Ocean+Drilling+Program%2C+Part+A%3A+Initial+Reports&rft.issn=0884-5883&rft_id=info:doi/10.2973%2Fodp.proc.ir.204.111.2003 L2 - http://www-odp.tamu.edu/publications/204_IR/chap_11/chap_11.htm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. strat. cols., 10 tables, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Available only on CD-ROM in PDF format and on the Web in PDF or HTML; CD-ROM format, ISSN 1096-2522; WWW format, ISSN 1096-2158 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - IDSDA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algae; biostratigraphy; Cascadia Basin; Cenozoic; continental margin; cores; diatoms; East Pacific; gas hydrates; geochemistry; geomicrobiology; geophysical methods; Holocene; Hydrate Ridge; Leg 204; lithostratigraphy; marine sediments; microfossils; nannofossils; Neogene; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; Ocean Drilling Program; ocean floors; ODP Site 1252; Oregon; Pacific Ocean; physical properties; Plantae; Pleistocene; Pliocene; Quaternary; sediments; Tertiary; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.ir.204.111.2003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Site 1246 AN - 50496569; 2004-011451 JF - Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Part A: Initial Reports AU - Trehu, Anne M AU - Bohrmann, Gerhard AU - Rack, Frank R AU - Torres, Marta E AU - Bangs, Nathan L AU - Barr, Samantha R AU - Borowski, Walter S AU - Claypool, George E AU - Collett, Timothy S AU - Delwiche, Mark E AU - Dickens, Gerald R AU - Goldberg, David S AU - Gracia, Eulalia AU - Guerin, Gilles AU - Holland, Melanie AU - Johnson, Joel E AU - Lee, Young-Joo AU - Liu, Char-Shine AU - Long, Philip E AU - Milkov, Alexei V (Aleksei V) AU - Riedel, Michael AU - Schultheiss, Peter AU - Su, Xin AU - Teichert, Barbara AU - Tomaru, Hitoshi AU - Vanneste, Maarten AU - Watanabe, Mahito AU - Weinberger, Jill L A2 - Chapman, Mary Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 67 PB - Texas A&M University, Ocean Drilling Program, College Station, TX VL - 204 KW - United States KW - lithostratigraphy KW - Northeast Pacific KW - gas hydrates KW - Cascadia Basin KW - algae KW - Holocene KW - cores KW - Cenozoic KW - Oregon KW - marine sediments KW - diatoms KW - sediments KW - ocean floors KW - Leg 204 KW - geochemistry KW - ODP Site 1246 KW - East Pacific KW - Plantae KW - continental margin KW - Quaternary KW - biostratigraphy KW - geomicrobiology KW - geophysical methods KW - Hydrate Ridge KW - physical properties KW - North Pacific KW - nannofossils KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Pleistocene KW - Ocean Drilling Program KW - microfossils KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50496569?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Ocean+Drilling+Program%2C+Part+A%3A+Initial+Reports&rft.atitle=Site+1246&rft.au=Trehu%2C+Anne+M%3BBohrmann%2C+Gerhard%3BRack%2C+Frank+R%3BTorres%2C+Marta+E%3BBangs%2C+Nathan+L%3BBarr%2C+Samantha+R%3BBorowski%2C+Walter+S%3BClaypool%2C+George+E%3BCollett%2C+Timothy+S%3BDelwiche%2C+Mark+E%3BDickens%2C+Gerald+R%3BGoldberg%2C+David+S%3BGracia%2C+Eulalia%3BGuerin%2C+Gilles%3BHolland%2C+Melanie%3BJohnson%2C+Joel+E%3BLee%2C+Young-Joo%3BLiu%2C+Char-Shine%3BLong%2C+Philip+E%3BMilkov%2C+Alexei+V+%28Aleksei+V%29%3BRiedel%2C+Michael%3BSchultheiss%2C+Peter%3BSu%2C+Xin%3BTeichert%2C+Barbara%3BTomaru%2C+Hitoshi%3BVanneste%2C+Maarten%3BWatanabe%2C+Mahito%3BWeinberger%2C+Jill+L&rft.aulast=Trehu&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=204&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Ocean+Drilling+Program%2C+Part+A%3A+Initial+Reports&rft.issn=0884-5883&rft_id=info:doi/10.2973%2Fodp.proc.ir.204.105.2003 L2 - http://www-odp.tamu.edu/publications/204_IR/chap_05/chap_05.htm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. strat. cols., 14 tables, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Available only on CD-ROM in PDF format and on the Web in PDF or HTML; CD-ROM format, ISSN 1096-2522; WWW format, ISSN 1096-2158 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - IDSDA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algae; biostratigraphy; Cascadia Basin; Cenozoic; continental margin; cores; diatoms; East Pacific; gas hydrates; geochemistry; geomicrobiology; geophysical methods; Holocene; Hydrate Ridge; Leg 204; lithostratigraphy; marine sediments; microfossils; nannofossils; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; Ocean Drilling Program; ocean floors; ODP Site 1246; Oregon; Pacific Ocean; physical properties; Plantae; Pleistocene; Quaternary; sediments; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.ir.204.105.2003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Site 1249 AN - 50495970; 2004-011454 JF - Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Part A: Initial Reports AU - Trehu, Anne M AU - Bohrmann, Gerhard AU - Rack, Frank R AU - Torres, Marta E AU - Bangs, Nathan L AU - Barr, Samantha R AU - Borowski, Walter S AU - Claypool, George E AU - Collett, Timothy S AU - Delwiche, Mark E AU - Dickens, Gerald R AU - Goldberg, David S AU - Gracia, Eulalia AU - Guerin, Gilles AU - Holland, Melanie AU - Johnson, Joel E AU - Lee, Young-Joo AU - Liu, Char-Shine AU - Long, Philip E AU - Milkov, Alexei V (Aleksei V) AU - Riedel, Michael AU - Schultheiss, Peter AU - Su, Xin AU - Teichert, Barbara AU - Tomaru, Hitoshi AU - Vanneste, Maarten AU - Watanabe, Mahito AU - Weinberger, Jill L A2 - Chapman, Mary Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 98 PB - Texas A&M University, Ocean Drilling Program, College Station, TX VL - 204 KW - United States KW - lithostratigraphy KW - Northeast Pacific KW - gas hydrates KW - Cascadia Basin KW - algae KW - Holocene KW - cores KW - Cenozoic KW - Oregon KW - marine sediments KW - ODP Site 1249 KW - diatoms KW - sediments KW - ocean floors KW - Leg 204 KW - geochemistry KW - East Pacific KW - Plantae KW - continental margin KW - Quaternary KW - biostratigraphy KW - geomicrobiology KW - geophysical methods KW - Hydrate Ridge KW - physical properties KW - North Pacific KW - nannofossils KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Pleistocene KW - Ocean Drilling Program KW - microfossils KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50495970?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Ocean+Drilling+Program%2C+Part+A%3A+Initial+Reports&rft.atitle=Site+1249&rft.au=Trehu%2C+Anne+M%3BBohrmann%2C+Gerhard%3BRack%2C+Frank+R%3BTorres%2C+Marta+E%3BBangs%2C+Nathan+L%3BBarr%2C+Samantha+R%3BBorowski%2C+Walter+S%3BClaypool%2C+George+E%3BCollett%2C+Timothy+S%3BDelwiche%2C+Mark+E%3BDickens%2C+Gerald+R%3BGoldberg%2C+David+S%3BGracia%2C+Eulalia%3BGuerin%2C+Gilles%3BHolland%2C+Melanie%3BJohnson%2C+Joel+E%3BLee%2C+Young-Joo%3BLiu%2C+Char-Shine%3BLong%2C+Philip+E%3BMilkov%2C+Alexei+V+%28Aleksei+V%29%3BRiedel%2C+Michael%3BSchultheiss%2C+Peter%3BSu%2C+Xin%3BTeichert%2C+Barbara%3BTomaru%2C+Hitoshi%3BVanneste%2C+Maarten%3BWatanabe%2C+Mahito%3BWeinberger%2C+Jill+L&rft.aulast=Trehu&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=204&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Ocean+Drilling+Program%2C+Part+A%3A+Initial+Reports&rft.issn=0884-5883&rft_id=info:doi/10.2973%2Fodp.proc.ir.204.108.2003 L2 - http://www-odp.tamu.edu/publications/204_IR/chap_08/chap_08.htm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. strat. col., 18 tables, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Available only on CD-ROM in PDF format and on the Web in PDF or HTML; CD-ROM format, ISSN 1096-2522; WWW format, ISSN 1096-2158 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - IDSDA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algae; biostratigraphy; Cascadia Basin; Cenozoic; continental margin; cores; diatoms; East Pacific; gas hydrates; geochemistry; geomicrobiology; geophysical methods; Holocene; Hydrate Ridge; Leg 204; lithostratigraphy; marine sediments; microfossils; nannofossils; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; Ocean Drilling Program; ocean floors; ODP Site 1249; Oregon; Pacific Ocean; physical properties; Plantae; Pleistocene; Quaternary; sediments; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.ir.204.108.2003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Site 1245 AN - 50495909; 2004-011450 JF - Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Part A: Initial Reports AU - Trehu, Anne M AU - Bohrmann, Gerhard AU - Rack, Frank R AU - Torres, Marta E AU - Bangs, Nathan L AU - Barr, Samantha R AU - Borowski, Walter S AU - Claypool, George E AU - Collett, Timothy S AU - Delwiche, Mark E AU - Dickens, Gerald R AU - Goldberg, David S AU - Gracia, Eulalia AU - Guerin, Gilles AU - Holland, Melanie AU - Johnson, Joel E AU - Lee, Young-Joo AU - Liu, Char-Shine AU - Long, Philip E AU - Milkov, Alexei V (Aleksei V) AU - Riedel, Michael AU - Schultheiss, Peter AU - Su, Xin AU - Teichert, Barbara AU - Tomaru, Hitoshi AU - Vanneste, Maarten AU - Watanabe, Mahito AU - Weinberger, Jill L A2 - Chapman, Mary Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 131 PB - Texas A&M University, Ocean Drilling Program, College Station, TX VL - 204 KW - United States KW - lithostratigraphy KW - Northeast Pacific KW - gas hydrates KW - Cascadia Basin KW - algae KW - Holocene KW - cores KW - Cenozoic KW - Oregon KW - marine sediments KW - diatoms KW - sediments KW - ocean floors KW - Leg 204 KW - geochemistry KW - ODP Site 1245 KW - East Pacific KW - Plantae KW - continental margin KW - Quaternary KW - biostratigraphy KW - geomicrobiology KW - geophysical methods KW - Hydrate Ridge KW - physical properties KW - North Pacific KW - nannofossils KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Pleistocene KW - Ocean Drilling Program KW - microfossils KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50495909?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Ocean+Drilling+Program%2C+Part+A%3A+Initial+Reports&rft.atitle=Site+1245&rft.au=Trehu%2C+Anne+M%3BBohrmann%2C+Gerhard%3BRack%2C+Frank+R%3BTorres%2C+Marta+E%3BBangs%2C+Nathan+L%3BBarr%2C+Samantha+R%3BBorowski%2C+Walter+S%3BClaypool%2C+George+E%3BCollett%2C+Timothy+S%3BDelwiche%2C+Mark+E%3BDickens%2C+Gerald+R%3BGoldberg%2C+David+S%3BGracia%2C+Eulalia%3BGuerin%2C+Gilles%3BHolland%2C+Melanie%3BJohnson%2C+Joel+E%3BLee%2C+Young-Joo%3BLiu%2C+Char-Shine%3BLong%2C+Philip+E%3BMilkov%2C+Alexei+V+%28Aleksei+V%29%3BRiedel%2C+Michael%3BSchultheiss%2C+Peter%3BSu%2C+Xin%3BTeichert%2C+Barbara%3BTomaru%2C+Hitoshi%3BVanneste%2C+Maarten%3BWatanabe%2C+Mahito%3BWeinberger%2C+Jill+L&rft.aulast=Trehu&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=204&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Ocean+Drilling+Program%2C+Part+A%3A+Initial+Reports&rft.issn=0884-5883&rft_id=info:doi/10.2973%2Fodp.proc.ir.204.104.2003 L2 - http://www-odp.tamu.edu/publications/204_IR/chap_04/chap_04.htm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. strat. cols., 23 tables, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Available only on CD-ROM in PDF format and on the Web in PDF or HTML; CD-ROM format, ISSN 1096-2522; WWW format, ISSN 1096-2158 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - IDSDA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algae; biostratigraphy; Cascadia Basin; Cenozoic; continental margin; cores; diatoms; East Pacific; gas hydrates; geochemistry; geomicrobiology; geophysical methods; Holocene; Hydrate Ridge; Leg 204; lithostratigraphy; marine sediments; microfossils; nannofossils; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; Ocean Drilling Program; ocean floors; ODP Site 1245; Oregon; Pacific Ocean; physical properties; Plantae; Pleistocene; Quaternary; sediments; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.ir.204.104.2003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Site 1251 AN - 50494956; 2004-011456 JF - Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Part A: Initial Reports AU - Trehu, Anne M AU - Bohrmann, Gerhard AU - Rack, Frank R AU - Torres, Marta E AU - Bangs, Nathan L AU - Barr, Samantha R AU - Borowski, Walter S AU - Claypool, George E AU - Collett, Timothy S AU - Delwiche, Mark E AU - Dickens, Gerald R AU - Goldberg, David S AU - Gracia, Eulalia AU - Guerin, Gilles AU - Holland, Melanie AU - Johnson, Joel E AU - Lee, Young-Joo AU - Liu, Char-Shine AU - Long, Philip E AU - Milkov, Alexei V (Aleksei V) AU - Riedel, Michael AU - Schultheiss, Peter AU - Su, Xin AU - Teichert, Barbara AU - Tomaru, Hitoshi AU - Vanneste, Maarten AU - Watanabe, Mahito AU - Weinberger, Jill L A2 - Chapman, Mary Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 119 PB - Texas A&M University, Ocean Drilling Program, College Station, TX VL - 204 KW - United States KW - lithostratigraphy KW - Northeast Pacific KW - gas hydrates KW - Cascadia Basin KW - algae KW - Holocene KW - cores KW - Cenozoic KW - Oregon KW - marine sediments KW - diatoms KW - sediments KW - ocean floors KW - Leg 204 KW - geochemistry KW - East Pacific KW - Plantae KW - continental margin KW - Quaternary KW - biostratigraphy KW - geomicrobiology KW - geophysical methods KW - Hydrate Ridge KW - Tertiary KW - physical properties KW - North Pacific KW - Neogene KW - nannofossils KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Pliocene KW - Pleistocene KW - Ocean Drilling Program KW - ODP Site 1251 KW - microfossils KW - 12:Stratigraphy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50494956?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Ocean+Drilling+Program%2C+Part+A%3A+Initial+Reports&rft.atitle=Site+1251&rft.au=Trehu%2C+Anne+M%3BBohrmann%2C+Gerhard%3BRack%2C+Frank+R%3BTorres%2C+Marta+E%3BBangs%2C+Nathan+L%3BBarr%2C+Samantha+R%3BBorowski%2C+Walter+S%3BClaypool%2C+George+E%3BCollett%2C+Timothy+S%3BDelwiche%2C+Mark+E%3BDickens%2C+Gerald+R%3BGoldberg%2C+David+S%3BGracia%2C+Eulalia%3BGuerin%2C+Gilles%3BHolland%2C+Melanie%3BJohnson%2C+Joel+E%3BLee%2C+Young-Joo%3BLiu%2C+Char-Shine%3BLong%2C+Philip+E%3BMilkov%2C+Alexei+V+%28Aleksei+V%29%3BRiedel%2C+Michael%3BSchultheiss%2C+Peter%3BSu%2C+Xin%3BTeichert%2C+Barbara%3BTomaru%2C+Hitoshi%3BVanneste%2C+Maarten%3BWatanabe%2C+Mahito%3BWeinberger%2C+Jill+L&rft.aulast=Trehu&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=204&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Ocean+Drilling+Program%2C+Part+A%3A+Initial+Reports&rft.issn=0884-5883&rft_id=info:doi/10.2973%2Fodp.proc.ir.204.110.2003 L2 - http://www-odp.tamu.edu/publications/204_IR/chap_10/chap_10.htm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sect., strat. cols., 20 tables, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Available only on CD-ROM in PDF format and on the Web in PDF or HTML; CD-ROM format, ISSN 1096-2522; WWW format, ISSN 1096-2158 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - IDSDA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algae; biostratigraphy; Cascadia Basin; Cenozoic; continental margin; cores; diatoms; East Pacific; gas hydrates; geochemistry; geomicrobiology; geophysical methods; Holocene; Hydrate Ridge; Leg 204; lithostratigraphy; marine sediments; microfossils; nannofossils; Neogene; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; Ocean Drilling Program; ocean floors; ODP Site 1251; Oregon; Pacific Ocean; physical properties; Plantae; Pleistocene; Pliocene; Quaternary; sediments; Tertiary; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.ir.204.110.2003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Site 1250 AN - 50494886; 2004-011455 JF - Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Part A: Initial Reports AU - Trehu, Anne M AU - Bohrmann, Gerhard AU - Rack, Frank R AU - Torres, Marta E AU - Bangs, Nathan L AU - Barr, Samantha R AU - Borowski, Walter S AU - Claypool, George E AU - Collett, Timothy S AU - Delwiche, Mark E AU - Dickens, Gerald R AU - Goldberg, David S AU - Gracia, Eulalia AU - Guerin, Gilles AU - Holland, Melanie AU - Johnson, Joel E AU - Lee, Young-Joo AU - Liu, Char-Shine AU - Long, Philip E AU - Milkov, Alexei V (Aleksei V) AU - Riedel, Michael AU - Schultheiss, Peter AU - Su, Xin AU - Teichert, Barbara AU - Tomaru, Hitoshi AU - Vanneste, Maarten AU - Watanabe, Mahito AU - Weinberger, Jill L A2 - Chapman, Mary Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 100 PB - Texas A&M University, Ocean Drilling Program, College Station, TX VL - 204 KW - United States KW - lithostratigraphy KW - Northeast Pacific KW - gas hydrates KW - Cascadia Basin KW - algae KW - Holocene KW - cores KW - Cenozoic KW - Oregon KW - marine sediments KW - diatoms KW - sediments KW - depositional environment KW - ocean floors KW - Leg 204 KW - geochemistry KW - East Pacific KW - Plantae KW - continental margin KW - Quaternary KW - biostratigraphy KW - geomicrobiology KW - geophysical methods KW - Hydrate Ridge KW - physical properties KW - North Pacific KW - nannofossils KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Pleistocene KW - Ocean Drilling Program KW - microfossils KW - ODP Site 1250 KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50494886?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Ocean+Drilling+Program%2C+Part+A%3A+Initial+Reports&rft.atitle=Site+1250&rft.au=Trehu%2C+Anne+M%3BBohrmann%2C+Gerhard%3BRack%2C+Frank+R%3BTorres%2C+Marta+E%3BBangs%2C+Nathan+L%3BBarr%2C+Samantha+R%3BBorowski%2C+Walter+S%3BClaypool%2C+George+E%3BCollett%2C+Timothy+S%3BDelwiche%2C+Mark+E%3BDickens%2C+Gerald+R%3BGoldberg%2C+David+S%3BGracia%2C+Eulalia%3BGuerin%2C+Gilles%3BHolland%2C+Melanie%3BJohnson%2C+Joel+E%3BLee%2C+Young-Joo%3BLiu%2C+Char-Shine%3BLong%2C+Philip+E%3BMilkov%2C+Alexei+V+%28Aleksei+V%29%3BRiedel%2C+Michael%3BSchultheiss%2C+Peter%3BSu%2C+Xin%3BTeichert%2C+Barbara%3BTomaru%2C+Hitoshi%3BVanneste%2C+Maarten%3BWatanabe%2C+Mahito%3BWeinberger%2C+Jill+L&rft.aulast=Trehu&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=204&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Ocean+Drilling+Program%2C+Part+A%3A+Initial+Reports&rft.issn=0884-5883&rft_id=info:doi/10.2973%2Fodp.proc.ir.204.109.2003 L2 - http://www-odp.tamu.edu/publications/204_IR/chap_09/chap_09.htm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. strat. cols., 19 tables, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Available only on CD-ROM in PDF format and on the Web in PDF or HTML; CD-ROM format, ISSN 1096-2522; WWW format, ISSN 1096-2158 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - IDSDA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algae; biostratigraphy; Cascadia Basin; Cenozoic; continental margin; cores; depositional environment; diatoms; East Pacific; gas hydrates; geochemistry; geomicrobiology; geophysical methods; Holocene; Hydrate Ridge; Leg 204; lithostratigraphy; marine sediments; microfossils; nannofossils; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; Ocean Drilling Program; ocean floors; ODP Site 1250; Oregon; Pacific Ocean; physical properties; Plantae; Pleistocene; Quaternary; sediments; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.ir.204.109.2003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Explanatory notes AN - 50494522; 2004-011448 JF - Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Part A: Initial Reports AU - Trehu, Anne M AU - Bohrmann, Gerhard AU - Rack, Frank R AU - Torres, Marta E AU - Bangs, Nathan L AU - Barr, Samantha R AU - Borowski, Walter S AU - Claypool, George E AU - Collett, Timothy S AU - Delwiche, Mark E AU - Dickens, Gerald R AU - Goldberg, David S AU - Gracia, Eulalia AU - Guerin, Gilles AU - Holland, Melanie AU - Johnson, Joel E AU - Lee, Young-Joo AU - Liu, Char-Shine AU - Long, Philip E AU - Milkov, Alexei V (Aleksei V) AU - Riedel, Michael AU - Schultheiss, Peter AU - Su, Xin AU - Teichert, Barbara AU - Tomaru, Hitoshi AU - Vanneste, Maarten AU - Watanabe, Mahito AU - Weinberger, Jill L A2 - Chapman, Mary Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 102 PB - Texas A&M University, Ocean Drilling Program, College Station, TX VL - 204 KW - United States KW - lithostratigraphy KW - sea water KW - Northeast Pacific KW - gas hydrates KW - Cascadia Basin KW - algae KW - cores KW - Cenozoic KW - Oregon KW - marine sediments KW - diatoms KW - sediments KW - ocean floors KW - Leg 204 KW - geochemistry KW - East Pacific KW - Plantae KW - continental margin KW - well logs KW - biostratigraphy KW - geomicrobiology KW - geophysical methods KW - Hydrate Ridge KW - hydrochemistry KW - Tertiary KW - physical properties KW - North Pacific KW - Neogene KW - nannofossils KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Ocean Drilling Program KW - microfossils KW - 12:Stratigraphy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50494522?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Ocean+Drilling+Program%2C+Part+A%3A+Initial+Reports&rft.atitle=Explanatory+notes&rft.au=Trehu%2C+Anne+M%3BBohrmann%2C+Gerhard%3BRack%2C+Frank+R%3BTorres%2C+Marta+E%3BBangs%2C+Nathan+L%3BBarr%2C+Samantha+R%3BBorowski%2C+Walter+S%3BClaypool%2C+George+E%3BCollett%2C+Timothy+S%3BDelwiche%2C+Mark+E%3BDickens%2C+Gerald+R%3BGoldberg%2C+David+S%3BGracia%2C+Eulalia%3BGuerin%2C+Gilles%3BHolland%2C+Melanie%3BJohnson%2C+Joel+E%3BLee%2C+Young-Joo%3BLiu%2C+Char-Shine%3BLong%2C+Philip+E%3BMilkov%2C+Alexei+V+%28Aleksei+V%29%3BRiedel%2C+Michael%3BSchultheiss%2C+Peter%3BSu%2C+Xin%3BTeichert%2C+Barbara%3BTomaru%2C+Hitoshi%3BVanneste%2C+Maarten%3BWatanabe%2C+Mahito%3BWeinberger%2C+Jill+L&rft.aulast=Trehu&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=204&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Ocean+Drilling+Program%2C+Part+A%3A+Initial+Reports&rft.issn=0884-5883&rft_id=info:doi/10.2973%2Fodp.proc.ir.204.102.2003 L2 - http://www-odp.tamu.edu/publications/204_IR/chap_02/chap_02.htm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 101 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 8 tables, strat. cols. N1 - SuppNotes - Available only on CD-ROM in PDF format and on the Web in PDF or HTML; CD-ROM format, ISSN 1096-2522; WWW format, ISSN 1096-2158 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - IDSDA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algae; biostratigraphy; Cascadia Basin; Cenozoic; continental margin; cores; diatoms; East Pacific; gas hydrates; geochemistry; geomicrobiology; geophysical methods; Hydrate Ridge; hydrochemistry; Leg 204; lithostratigraphy; marine sediments; microfossils; nannofossils; Neogene; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; Ocean Drilling Program; ocean floors; Oregon; Pacific Ocean; physical properties; Plantae; sea water; sediments; Tertiary; United States; well logs DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.ir.204.102.2003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Site 1244 AN - 50492945; 2004-011449 JF - Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Part A: Initial Reports AU - Trehu, Anne M AU - Bohrmann, Gerhard AU - Rack, Frank R AU - Torres, Marta E AU - Bangs, Nathan L AU - Barr, Samantha R AU - Borowski, Walter S AU - Claypool, George E AU - Collett, Timothy S AU - Delwiche, Mark E AU - Dickens, Gerald R AU - Goldberg, David S AU - Gracia, Eulalia AU - Guerin, Gilles AU - Holland, Melanie AU - Johnson, Joel E AU - Lee, Young-Joo AU - Liu, Char-Shine AU - Long, Philip E AU - Milkov, Alexei V (Aleksei V) AU - Riedel, Michael AU - Schultheiss, Peter AU - Su, Xin AU - Teichert, Barbara AU - Tomaru, Hitoshi AU - Vanneste, Maarten AU - Watanabe, Mahito AU - Weinberger, Jill L A2 - Chapman, Mary Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 132 PB - Texas A&M University, Ocean Drilling Program, College Station, TX VL - 204 KW - United States KW - lithostratigraphy KW - Northeast Pacific KW - gas hydrates KW - Cascadia Basin KW - algae KW - cores KW - Cenozoic KW - Oregon KW - marine sediments KW - diatoms KW - sediments KW - ODP Site 1244 KW - ocean floors KW - Leg 204 KW - geochemistry KW - East Pacific KW - Plantae KW - continental margin KW - Quaternary KW - biostratigraphy KW - geomicrobiology KW - geophysical methods KW - Hydrate Ridge KW - Tertiary KW - physical properties KW - North Pacific KW - Neogene KW - nannofossils KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Pliocene KW - Pleistocene KW - Ocean Drilling Program KW - microfossils KW - 12:Stratigraphy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50492945?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Ocean+Drilling+Program%2C+Part+A%3A+Initial+Reports&rft.atitle=Site+1244&rft.au=Trehu%2C+Anne+M%3BBohrmann%2C+Gerhard%3BRack%2C+Frank+R%3BTorres%2C+Marta+E%3BBangs%2C+Nathan+L%3BBarr%2C+Samantha+R%3BBorowski%2C+Walter+S%3BClaypool%2C+George+E%3BCollett%2C+Timothy+S%3BDelwiche%2C+Mark+E%3BDickens%2C+Gerald+R%3BGoldberg%2C+David+S%3BGracia%2C+Eulalia%3BGuerin%2C+Gilles%3BHolland%2C+Melanie%3BJohnson%2C+Joel+E%3BLee%2C+Young-Joo%3BLiu%2C+Char-Shine%3BLong%2C+Philip+E%3BMilkov%2C+Alexei+V+%28Aleksei+V%29%3BRiedel%2C+Michael%3BSchultheiss%2C+Peter%3BSu%2C+Xin%3BTeichert%2C+Barbara%3BTomaru%2C+Hitoshi%3BVanneste%2C+Maarten%3BWatanabe%2C+Mahito%3BWeinberger%2C+Jill+L&rft.aulast=Trehu&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=204&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Ocean+Drilling+Program%2C+Part+A%3A+Initial+Reports&rft.issn=0884-5883&rft_id=info:doi/10.2973%2Fodp.proc.ir.204.103.2003 L2 - http://www-odp.tamu.edu/publications/204_IR/chap_03/chap_03.htm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 45 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 22 tables, strat. col. N1 - SuppNotes - Available only on CD-ROM in PDF format and on the Web in PDF or HTML; CD-ROM format, ISSN 1096-2522; WWW format, ISSN 1096-2158 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - IDSDA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algae; biostratigraphy; Cascadia Basin; Cenozoic; continental margin; cores; diatoms; East Pacific; gas hydrates; geochemistry; geomicrobiology; geophysical methods; Hydrate Ridge; Leg 204; lithostratigraphy; marine sediments; microfossils; nannofossils; Neogene; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; Ocean Drilling Program; ocean floors; ODP Site 1244; Oregon; Pacific Ocean; physical properties; Plantae; Pleistocene; Pliocene; Quaternary; sediments; Tertiary; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.ir.204.103.2003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potential docking sites and positions of hydrogen in high-pressure silicates AN - 51911094; 2004-001414 AB - A method based on an analysis of the Laplacian of the electron density distribution is used to locate positions of nonbonding electron-pairs and favorable docking sites for hydrogen in high-pressure silicates, including stishovite, akimotoite, wadsleyite, ringwoodite, MgSiO (sub 3) , and CaSiO (sub 3) perovskite. In stishovite, model hydrogen positions (h) are located off the shared O...O edge of the octahedra with the Oh vector oriented perpendicular to [001]. In akimotoite, two model positions for hydrogen are found, one along an edge of the MgO (sub 6) octahedron with an Oh vector aligned close to [001] and the other within the face of the MgO (sub 6) octahedra, with Oh vectors oriented perpendicular to [001]. Geometric and electrostatic considerations suggest that both of these sites would require vacant Mg sites. In wadsleyite, potential sites for protonation exist for all O atoms. Hydrogen bonded to O1 resides in a cage-like site with the Oh dipole oriented parallel to [001]. Two symmetrically equivalent sites for hydrogen exist at O2 in a second cage-like structure with Oh vectors aligned approximately along [100]. The calculations also identify potential sites for hydrogen at O3 and O4, but suggest that these could only be occupied by hydrogen if vacancies exist at adjacent Mg sites. Model hydrogen positions in ringwoodite are predicted along O...O edges of the MgO (sub 6) octahedron, and, if occupied, would require vacancies at adjacent Mg sites. MgSiO (sub 3) perovskite is distinguished by having only one potential site for hydrogen. The Oh vector lies within the (110) plane and geometric and electrostatic considerations suggest that a vacancy is required at the Mg site if this site is protonated. No localized sites for hydrogen are found in CaSiO (sub 3) perovskite. We suggest that non-bonded electron pairs associated with oxide anions involved in octahedral frameworks with tilt angles of less than 180 degrees provide more favorable docking sites for protons than those involved in wider angles. The results from the electron density calculations show very good agreement with available crystallographic and spectroscopic data and demonstrate that the strategy used in this study can be useful in locating protons in Earth materials. JF - American Mineralogist AU - Ross, Nancy L AU - Gibbs, G V AU - Rosso, Kevin M AU - Welch, Mark D AU - Lager, George A Y1 - 2003/10// PY - 2003 DA - October 2003 SP - 1452 EP - 1459 PB - Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC VL - 88 IS - 10 SN - 0003-004X, 0003-004X KW - silicates KW - pressure KW - silica minerals KW - perovskite KW - olivine group KW - stishovite KW - perovskite structure KW - high pressure KW - akimotoite KW - nesosilicates KW - ringwoodite KW - hydrogen KW - wadsleyite KW - orthosilicates KW - oxides KW - framework silicates KW - 17A:General geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51911094?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=Potential+docking+sites+and+positions+of+hydrogen+in+high-pressure+silicates&rft.au=Ross%2C+Nancy+L%3BGibbs%2C+G+V%3BRosso%2C+Kevin+M%3BWelch%2C+Mark+D%3BLager%2C+George+A&rft.aulast=Ross&rft.aufirst=Nancy&rft.date=2003-10-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1452&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Mineralogist&rft.issn=0003004X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ammin.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - International Mineralogical Association meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 49 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AMMIAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - akimotoite; framework silicates; high pressure; hydrogen; nesosilicates; olivine group; orthosilicates; oxides; perovskite; perovskite structure; pressure; ringwoodite; silica minerals; silicates; stishovite; wadsleyite ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Imaging the heterogeneity of mineral surface reactivity using Ag(I) and synchrotron X-ray microscopy AN - 51598894; 2006-035768 JF - Physics and Chemistry of Minerals AU - Amonette, Jim E AU - Heald, S M AU - Russell, C K Y1 - 2003/10// PY - 2003 DA - October 2003 SP - 559 EP - 569 PB - Springer-Verlag, Berlin-New York VL - 30 IS - 9 SN - 0342-1791, 0342-1791 KW - silicates KW - Fountain Formation KW - granites KW - microstructure KW - Atlantic County New Jersey KW - clinoamphibole KW - reactivity KW - sedimentary rocks KW - plutonic rocks KW - upper Paleozoic KW - mica group KW - hematite KW - framework silicates KW - reduction KW - Atlantic City New Jersey KW - chain silicates KW - sulfate ion KW - Paleozoic KW - X-ray spectra KW - conglomerate KW - Ontario KW - New York KW - heterogeneous materials KW - Canada KW - microscope methods KW - biotite KW - Faraday Township Ontario KW - New Jersey KW - crystal chemistry KW - feldspar group KW - clastic rocks KW - United States KW - Clinton New York KW - igneous rocks KW - thin sections KW - Washington Pass KW - arfvedsonite KW - synchrotron radiation KW - chemical reactions KW - quantitative analysis KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - quartz-pebble conglomerate KW - chemical analysis KW - Washington KW - Oneida County New York KW - silver KW - oxidation KW - amphibole group KW - sample preparation KW - Hudson County New Jersey KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - sheet silicates KW - Eastern Canada KW - diabase KW - 01A:General mineralogy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51598894?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+Minerals&rft.atitle=Imaging+the+heterogeneity+of+mineral+surface+reactivity+using+Ag%28I%29+and+synchrotron+X-ray+microscopy&rft.au=Amonette%2C+Jim+E%3BHeald%2C+S+M%3BRussell%2C+C+K&rft.aulast=Amonette&rft.aufirst=Jim&rft.date=2003-10-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=559&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+Minerals&rft.issn=03421791&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00269-003-0350-2 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/100449/?p=e597e977f1914094b3810f7e67f0a453&pi=0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - PCMIDU N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - amphibole group; arfvedsonite; Atlantic City New Jersey; Atlantic County New Jersey; bacteria; biotite; Canada; chain silicates; chemical analysis; chemical reactions; clastic rocks; clinoamphibole; Clinton New York; conglomerate; crystal chemistry; diabase; Eastern Canada; Faraday Township Ontario; feldspar group; Fountain Formation; framework silicates; granites; hematite; heterogeneous materials; Hudson County New Jersey; igneous rocks; metals; mica group; microscope methods; microstructure; New Jersey; New York; Oneida County New York; Ontario; oxidation; oxides; Paleozoic; plutonic rocks; quantitative analysis; quartz-pebble conglomerate; reactivity; reduction; sample preparation; sedimentary rocks; sheet silicates; silicates; silver; spectra; sulfate ion; synchrotron radiation; thin sections; United States; upper Paleozoic; Washington; Washington Pass; X-ray spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00269-003-0350-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hanford Site; environmental report for calendar year 2002 AN - 51511211; 2007-004962 JF - PNNL (Pacific Northwest National Laboratory) A2 - Poston, T. M. A2 - Hanf, R. W. A2 - Dirkes, R. L. A2 - Morasch, L. F. Y1 - 2003/09// PY - 2003 DA - September 2003 EP - variously paginated PB - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA KW - United States KW - hazardous waste KW - Resource Conservation and Recovery Act KW - radioactivity KW - soil vapor extraction KW - regulations KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - waste management KW - decontamination KW - sediments KW - ecology KW - pump-and-treat KW - soils KW - protection KW - toxic materials KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - Superfund KW - pollutants KW - Columbia River KW - effluents KW - surface water KW - legislation KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - biota KW - models KW - risk assessment KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51511211?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2003-09-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Hanford+Site%3B+environmental+report+for+calendar+year+2002&rft.title=Hanford+Site%3B+environmental+report+for+calendar+year+2002&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.pnl.gov/publications/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - WA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 89 tables, sketch maps N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04694 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biota; Columbia River; decontamination; ecology; effluents; environmental analysis; ground water; Hanford Site; hazardous waste; legislation; models; monitoring; pollutants; pollution; protection; pump-and-treat; radioactive waste; radioactivity; regulations; remediation; Resource Conservation and Recovery Act; risk assessment; sediments; soil vapor extraction; soils; Superfund; surface water; toxic materials; United States; Washington; waste disposal; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hanford Site environmental surveillance data report for calendar year 2002 AN - 50526925; 2009-015838 JF - PNNL (Pacific Northwest National Laboratory) AU - Bisping, L E Y1 - 2003/09// PY - 2003 DA - September 2003 SP - 215 PB - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA KW - United States KW - soils KW - Washington KW - pollutants KW - Columbia River KW - surface water KW - waste disposal sites KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - vegetation KW - environmental analysis KW - drinking water KW - samples KW - biota KW - radioactive waste KW - environmental management KW - sampling KW - soil pollution KW - sediments KW - air KW - waste disposal KW - water pollution KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50526925?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Bisping%2C+L+E&rft.aulast=Bisping&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2003-09-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Hanford+Site+environmental+surveillance+data+report+for+calendar+year+2002&rft.title=Hanford+Site+environmental+surveillance+data+report+for+calendar+year+2002&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.pnl.gov/publications/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - WA N1 - Document feature - 18 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04694 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air; biota; Columbia River; drinking water; environmental analysis; environmental management; Hanford Site; pollutants; pollution; radioactive waste; samples; sampling; sediments; soil pollution; soils; surface water; United States; vegetation; Washington; waste disposal; waste disposal sites; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Effect of Lake Temperatures and Emissions on Ozone Exposure in the Western Great Lakes Region AN - 17293740; 5713054 AB - A meteorological-chemical model with a 12-km horizontal grid spacing was used to simulate the evolution of ozone over the western Great Lakes region during a 30-day period in the summer of 1999. Lake temperatures in the model were based on analyses derived from daily satellite measurements. The model performance was evaluated using operational surface and upper-air meteorological measurements and surface chemical measurements. Reasonable agreement between the simulations and observations was obtained. The bias (predicted - observed) over the simulation period was only -1.3 ppb for the peak ozone mixing ratio during the day and 5.5 ppb for the minimum ozone mixing ratio at night. High ozone production rates were produced over the surface of the lakes as a result of stable atmospheric conditions that trapped ozone precursors within a shallow layer during the day. In one location, an increase of 200 ppb of ozone over a 9-h period was produced by chemical production that was offset by losses of 110 ppb through vertical mixing, horizontal transport, and deposition. The predicted ozone was also sensitive to lake temperatures. A simulation with climatological lake temperatures produced ozone mixing ratios over the lakes and around the lake shores that differed from the simulation with observed lake temperatures by as much as 50 ppb, while the differences over land were usually 10 ppb or less. Through a series of sensitivity studies that varied ozone precursor emissions, it was shown that a reduction of 50% in NOx or volatile organic compounds would lower the 60-ppb ozone exposure by up to 50 h month-1 in the remote forest regions over the northern Great Lakes. The implications of these results on future climate change and air quality in the region are discussed. JF - Journal of Applied Meteorology AU - Fast, J D AU - Heilman, W E AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, K9-30, 3200 Q Avenue, Richland, WA 99352, jeromefast@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003/09// PY - 2003 DA - September 2003 SP - 1197 EP - 1217 PB - American Meteorological Society VL - 42 IS - 9 SN - 0894-8763, 0894-8763 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Climatic changes KW - Lake temperatures KW - Mixing KW - Atmosphere KW - Canada, Northern Great Lakes KW - Lakes KW - Exposure KW - Emissions KW - Climatic Changes KW - Meteorology KW - Ozone KW - Temperature effects KW - Temperature KW - Simulation KW - Air-water interface KW - Model Studies KW - Earth atmosphere KW - Lake temperature estimation from satellite radiation measurements KW - North America, Great Lakes KW - Deposition KW - Air-water interactions KW - Ozone over lakes KW - Organic Compounds KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M2 556.551:Water properties in lakes, reservoirs, and ponds (556.551) KW - Q2 09171:Dynamics of lakes and rivers KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - M2 551.510.3/.4:Physical Properties/Composition (551.510.3/.4) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17293740?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Applied+Meteorology&rft.atitle=The+Effect+of+Lake+Temperatures+and+Emissions+on+Ozone+Exposure+in+the+Western+Great+Lakes+Region&rft.au=Fast%2C+J+D%3BHeilman%2C+W+E&rft.aulast=Fast&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-09-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1197&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Applied+Meteorology&rft.issn=08948763&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F1520-0450%282003%29042%281197%3ATEOLTA%292.0.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Lakes; Climatic changes; Simulation; Meteorology; Air-water interface; Earth atmosphere; Ozone; Lake temperature estimation from satellite radiation measurements; Lake temperatures; Ozone over lakes; Temperature; Emissions; Air-water interactions; Atmosphere; Exposure; Climatic Changes; Deposition; Organic Compounds; Mixing; Model Studies; North America, Great Lakes; Canada, Northern Great Lakes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0450(2003)042(1197:TEOLTA)2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of Coupled Dissolution and Redox Reactions on Cr(VI) sub(aq) Attenuation during Transport in the Sediments under Hyperalkaline Conditions AN - 16160274; 5773899 AB - Aluminum-rich, hyperalkaline (pH > 13.5) and saline high-level nuclear waste (HLW) fluids at elevated temperatures (>50C), that possibly contained as much as 0.41 mol L super(-1) Cr(VI), accidentally leaked to the sediments at the Hanford Site, WA. These extreme conditions promote base-induced dissolution of soil minerals which may affect Cr(VI) sub(aq) mobility. Our objective was to investigate Cr(VI) sub(aq) transport in sediments leached with HLW simulants at 50C, under CO sub(2) and O sub(2) free conditions. Results demonstrated that Cr(VI) sub(aq) fate was closely related to dissolution, and Cr(VI) sub(aq) mass loss was negligible in the first pore volumes but increased significantly thereafter. Similar to dissolution, Cr(VI) sub(aq) attenuation increased with increasing fluid residence time and NaOH concentration but decreased with Al concentrations in the leaching solutions. Aqueous Cr(VI) removal rate half-lives varied from 1.2 to 230 h with the fastest at the highest base concentration, lowest Al concentration, greatest reaction time, and lowest Cr(VI) concentration in the leaching solution. The rate of Cr(VI) removal (normalized to 1 kg of solution) varied from 0.83 x 10 super(-9) (c0.44 x 10 super(-9)) to 9.16 x 10 super(-9) (c1.10 x 10 super(-9)) mol s super(-1). The predominant mechanism responsible for removing Cr(VI) from the aqueous phase appears to be homogeneous Cr(VI) reduction to Cr(III) by Fe(II) released during mineral dissolution. Cr(VI) sub(aq) removal was time-limited probably because it was controlled by the rate of Fe(II) release into the soil solution upon mineral dissolution, which was also a time-limited process, and other processes that may act to lower Fe(II) sub(aq) activity. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Qafoku, N P AU - Ainsworth, C C AU - Szecsody, JE AU - Qafoku, O S AU - Heald, S M AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MSIN: K3-61, Richland, WA 99352, USA, nik.qafoku@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003/08/15/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Aug 15 SP - 3640 EP - 3646 VL - 37 IS - 16 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Biodegradation KW - Path of Pollutants KW - Alkalinity KW - Sediment Contamination KW - Radioactive Wastes KW - Sediment pollution KW - Redox reactions KW - Leaching KW - Chromium KW - Radioactive wastes KW - Attenuation KW - Fate KW - USA, Washington, Hanford Site KW - Transport KW - Aluminium KW - Aluminum KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - P 8000:RADIATION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16160274?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Effect+of+Coupled+Dissolution+and+Redox+Reactions+on+Cr%28VI%29+sub%28aq%29+Attenuation+during+Transport+in+the+Sediments+under+Hyperalkaline+Conditions&rft.au=Qafoku%2C+N+P%3BAinsworth%2C+C+C%3BSzecsody%2C+JE%3BQafoku%2C+O+S%3BHeald%2C+S+M&rft.aulast=Qafoku&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2003-08-15&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=16&rft.spage=3640&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Redox reactions; Sediment pollution; Leaching; Chromium; Alkalinity; Radioactive wastes; Fate; Biodegradation; Aluminum; Radioactive Wastes; Path of Pollutants; Transport; Aluminium; Attenuation; Sediment Contamination; USA, Washington, Hanford Site ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ab initio determination of edge surface structures for dioctahedral 2:1 phyllosilicates; implications for acid-base reactivity AN - 51914803; 2003-082777 AB - The atomic structure of dioctahedral 2:1 phyllosilicate edge surfaces was calculated using pseudopotential planewave density functional theory. Bulk structures of pyrophyllite and ferripyrophyllite were optimized using periodic boundary conditions, after which crystal chemical methods were used to obtain initial terminations for ideal (110)-and (010)-type edge surfaces. The edge surfaces were protonated using various schemes to neutralize the surface charge, and total minimized energies were compared to identify which schemes are the most energetically favorable. The calculations show that significant surface relaxation should occur on the (110)-type faces, as well as in response to different protonation schemes on both surface types. This result is consistent with atomic force microscopy observations of phyllosilicate dissolution behavior. Bond-valence methods incorporating bond lengths from calculated structures can be used to predict intrinsic acidity constants for surface functional groups on (110)- and (010)-type edge surfaces. However, the occurrence of surface relaxation poses problems for applying current bond-valence methods. An alternative method is proposed that considers bond relaxation, and accounts for the energetics of various protonation schemes on phyllosilicate edges. JF - Clays and Clay Minerals AU - Bickmore, Barry R AU - Rosso, Kevin M AU - Nagy, Kathryn L AU - Cygan, Randall T AU - Tadanier, Christopher J Y1 - 2003/08// PY - 2003 DA - August 2003 SP - 359 EP - 371 PB - Clay Minerals Society, Clarkson, NY VL - 51 IS - 4 SN - 0009-8604, 0009-8604 KW - silicates KW - density KW - solutions KW - clay mineralogy KW - unit cell KW - crystal structure KW - clay minerals KW - chemical reactions KW - sheet silicates KW - valency KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51914803?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clays+and+Clay+Minerals&rft.atitle=Ab+initio+determination+of+edge+surface+structures+for+dioctahedral+2%3A1+phyllosilicates%3B+implications+for+acid-base+reactivity&rft.au=Bickmore%2C+Barry+R%3BRosso%2C+Kevin+M%3BNagy%2C+Kathryn+L%3BCygan%2C+Randall+T%3BTadanier%2C+Christopher+J&rft.aulast=Bickmore&rft.aufirst=Barry&rft.date=2003-08-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=359&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clays+and+Clay+Minerals&rft.issn=00098604&rft_id=info:doi/10.1346%2FCCMN.2003.0510401 L2 - http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/cms/ccm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 49 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables, 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CLCMAB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical reactions; clay mineralogy; clay minerals; crystal structure; density; geochemistry; kinetics; pH; sheet silicates; silicates; solutions; unit cell; valency DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1346/CCMN.2003.0510401 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Flow and solute transport around injection wells through a single, growing fracture AN - 51874469; 2004-022931 AB - During deep-well injection of liquids, the formation around an injection well is often fractured due to an imbalance between the injection pressure and the minimum horizontal rock stress opposing fracturing. The resulting fractures can grow during injection, which may span over several months to years. Earlier studies reported on solute transport in a single fracture in low permeability fractured media, assuming that transport into the formation perpendicular to the face of the fracture is mediated by diffusion alone. This may be valid for flow under natural gradients through fractured formations of low permeability. In contrast, due to the high rates of injection through a fractured injection well, both advection and dispersion play an important role in the spread of contaminants around a fractured injection well. We present a model for the flow and reactive solute transport profiles around fractured injection wells, through a single, two-winged vertical fracture created by injection at high rates and/or pressures and growing with time. The fracture, of constant height and infinite conductivity, serves as a line source injecting fluids into the formation perpendicular to its face via a uniform leak-off, resulting in an elliptical water flood front confocal with the fracture. Flow and solute transport within the elliptical flow domain is formulated as a planar (two-dimensional) transport problem, described by the advection-dispersion equation in elliptical coordinates including retardation and 1st order radioactive nuclear decay processes. Results indicate that transport at early times depends strongly on location relative to the fracture. Retardation has a more pronounced influence on transport for the cases where advection is significant; whereas 1st order radioactive nuclear decay process is independent of advective velocity. Flow and transport around an injection well with a vertical fracture exhibits important differences from radial transport that neglects the presence of the fracture, and also from transport from a fracture of constant length. The model and findings presented have applications in the calculation of the fate and transport of contaminants around fractured injectors and modeling the resulting contaminant plumes down stream of the wells. Further, the model also serves as a basis for modeling enhanced remediation of contaminated rock via injection well fracturing, a recently demonstrated technology. JF - Advances in Water Resources AU - Bryant, Steven L AU - Paruchuri, Ramoj K AU - Prasad Saripalli, K Y1 - 2003/08// PY - 2003 DA - August 2003 SP - 803 EP - 813 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 26 IS - 8 SN - 0309-1708, 0309-1708 KW - solute transport KW - fractured materials KW - sorption KW - contaminant plumes KW - finite difference analysis KW - data processing KW - radioactive decay KW - hydraulic pressure KW - fluid dynamics KW - ground water KW - fractures KW - fluid injection KW - digital simulation KW - Reynolds number KW - propagation KW - Peclet number KW - hydraulic fracturing KW - concentration KW - numerical models KW - iterative methods KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - equations KW - advection KW - boundary conditions KW - flows KW - aquifers KW - case studies KW - factors KW - mathematical methods KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51874469?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.atitle=Flow+and+solute+transport+around+injection+wells+through+a+single%2C+growing+fracture&rft.au=Bryant%2C+Steven+L%3BParuchuri%2C+Ramoj+K%3BPrasad+Saripalli%2C+K&rft.aulast=Bryant&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2003-08-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=803&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.issn=03091708&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0309-1708%2803%2900065-4 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03091708 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 26 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - advection; aquifers; boundary conditions; case studies; concentration; contaminant plumes; data processing; digital simulation; equations; factors; finite difference analysis; flows; fluid dynamics; fluid injection; fractured materials; fractures; ground water; hydraulic fracturing; hydraulic pressure; iterative methods; mathematical methods; numerical models; Peclet number; pollutants; pollution; propagation; radioactive decay; Reynolds number; solute transport; sorption; waste disposal DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0309-1708(03)00065-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Desorption kinetics of radiocesium from subsurface sediments at Hanford Site, USA AN - 51762847; 2005-006499 AB - The desorption of (super 137) Cs (super +) was investigated on sediments from the United States Hanford site. Pristine sediments and ones that were contaminated by the accidental release of alkaline (super 137) Cs (super +) -containing high level nuclear wastes (HLW, 2X10 (super 6) to 6X10 (super 7) pCi (super 137) Cs (super +) /g) were studied. The desorption of (super 137) Cs (super +) was measured in Na (super +) , K (super +) , Rb (super +) , and NH (sub 4) (super +) electrolytes of variable concentration and pH, and in presence of a strong Cs (super +) -specific sorbent (self-assembled monolayer on a mesoporous support, SAMMS). (super 137) Cs (super +) desorption from the HLW-contaminated Hanford sediments exhibited two distinct phases: an initial instantaneous release followed by a slow kinetic process. The extent of (super 137) Cs (super +) desorption increased with increasing electrolyte concentration and followed a trend of Rb (super +) > or =K (super +) >Na (super +) at circumneutral pH. This trend followed the respective selectivities of these cations for the sediment. The extent and rate of (super 137) Cs (super +) desorption was influenced by surface armoring, intraparticle diffusion, and the collapse of edge-interlayer sites in solutions containing K (super +) , Rb (super +) , or NH (sub 4) (super +) . Scanning electron microscopic analysis revealed HLW-induced precipitation of secondary aluminosilicates on the edges and basal planes of micaceous minerals that were primary Cs (super +) sorbents. The removal of these precipitates by acidified ammonium oxalate extraction significantly increased the long-term desorption rate and extent. X-ray microprobe analyses of Cs (super +) -sorbed micas showed that the (super 137) Cs (super +) distributed not only on mica edges, but also within internal channels parallel to the basal plane, implying intraparticle diffusive migration of (super 137) Cs (super +) . Controlled desorption experiments using Cs (super +) -spiked pristine sediment indicated that the (super 137) Cs (super +) diffusion rate was fast in Na (super +) -electrolyte, but much slower in the presence of K (super +) or Rb (super +) , suggesting an effect of edge-interlayer collapse. An intraparticle diffusion model coupled with a two-site cation exchange model was used to interpret the experimental results. Model simulations suggested that about 40% of total sorbed (super 137) Cs (super +) was exchangeable, including equilibrium and kinetic desorbable pools. At pH 3, this ratio increased to 60-80%. The remainder of the sorbed (super 137) Cs (super +) was fixed or desorbed at much slower rate than our experiments could detect. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Liu, Chongxuan AU - Zachara, John M AU - Smith, Steve C AU - McKinley, James P AU - Ainsworth, Calvin C Y1 - 2003/08// PY - 2003 DA - August 2003 SP - 2893 EP - 2912 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 67 IS - 16 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - desorption KW - isotopes KW - radioactive waste KW - radioactive isotopes KW - cesium KW - mica group KW - sediments KW - ion exchange KW - mass transfer KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - high-level waste KW - experimental studies KW - Washington KW - alkali metals KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - electrolytes KW - adsorption KW - X-ray data KW - Cs-137 KW - metals KW - cations KW - sheet silicates KW - waste disposal KW - SEM data KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51762847?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Desorption+kinetics+of+radiocesium+from+subsurface+sediments+at+Hanford+Site%2C+USA&rft.au=Liu%2C+Chongxuan%3BZachara%2C+John+M%3BSmith%2C+Steve+C%3BMcKinley%2C+James+P%3BAinsworth%2C+Calvin+C&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Chongxuan&rft.date=2003-08-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=16&rft.spage=2893&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2803%2900267-9 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 36 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; alkali metals; cations; cesium; Cs-137; desorption; electrolytes; experimental studies; geochemistry; Hanford Site; high-level waste; ion exchange; isotopes; kinetics; mass transfer; metals; mica group; pollution; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; sediments; SEM data; sheet silicates; silicates; United States; Washington; waste disposal; X-ray data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(03)00267-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Secondary mineralization pathways induced by dissimilatory iron reduction of ferrihydrite under advective flow AN - 51762360; 2005-006504 AB - Iron (hydr)oxides not only serve as potent sorbents and repositories for nutrients and contaminants but also provide a terminal electron acceptor for microbial respiration. The microbial reduction of Fe (hydr)oxides and the subsequent secondary solid-phase transformations will, therefore, have a profound influence on the biogeochemical cycling of Fe as well as associated metals. Here we elucidate the pathways and mechanisms of secondary mineralization during dissimilatory iron reduction by a common iron-reducing bacterium, Shewanella putrefaciens (strain CN32), of 2-line ferrihydrite under advective flow conditions. Secondary mineralization of ferrihydrite occurs via a coupled, biotic-abiotic pathway primarily resulting in the production of magnetite and goethite with minor amounts of green rust. Operating mineralization pathways are driven by competing abiotic reactions of bacterially generated ferrous iron with the ferrihydrite surface. Subsequent to the initial sorption of ferrous iron on ferrihydrite, goethite (via dissolution/reprecipitation) and/or magnetite (via solid-state conversion) precipitation ensues resulting in the spatial coupling of both goethite and magnetite with the ferrihydrite surface. The distribution of goethite and magnetite within the column is dictated, in large part, by flow-induced ferrous Fe profiles. While goethite precipitation occurs over a large Fe(II) concentration range, magnetite accumulation is only observed at concentrations exceeding 0.3 mmol/L (equivalent to 0.5 mmol Fe[II]/g ferrihydrite) following 16 d of reaction. Consequently, transport-regulated ferrous Fe profiles result in a progression of magnetite levels downgradient within the column. Declining microbial reduction over time results in lower Fe(II) concentrations and a subsequent shift in magnetite precipitation mechanisms from nucleation to crystal growth. While the initial precipitation rate of goethite exceeds that of magnetite, continued growth is inhibited by magnetite formation, potentially a result of lower Fe(III) activity. Conversely, the presence of lower initial Fe(II) concentrations followed by higher concentrations promotes goethite accumulation and inhibits magnetite precipitation even when Fe(II) concentrations later increase, thus revealing the importance of both the rate of Fe(II) generation and flow-induced Fe(II) profiles. As such, the operating secondary mineralization pathways following reductive dissolution of ferrihydrite at a given pH are governed principally by flow-regulated Fe(II) concentration, which drives mineral precipitation kinetics and selection of competing mineral pathways. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Hansel, Colleen M AU - Benner, Shawn G AU - Neiss, Jim AU - Dohnalkova, Alice AU - Kukkadapu, Ravi K AU - Fendorf, Scott Y1 - 2003/08// PY - 2003 DA - August 2003 SP - 2977 EP - 2992 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 67 IS - 16 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - Shewanella putrefaciens KW - Shewanella KW - iron KW - laboratory studies KW - oxides KW - mineralization KW - spectra KW - geochemistry KW - Mossbauer spectra KW - experimental studies KW - secondary minerals KW - metabolism KW - advection KW - ferrihydrite KW - X-ray spectra KW - TEM data KW - iron hydroxides KW - geochemical cycle KW - hydroxides KW - biogenic processes KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - EXAFS data KW - theoretical models KW - SEM data KW - instruments KW - microorganisms KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51762360?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Secondary+mineralization+pathways+induced+by+dissimilatory+iron+reduction+of+ferrihydrite+under+advective+flow&rft.au=Hansel%2C+Colleen+M%3BBenner%2C+Shawn+G%3BNeiss%2C+Jim%3BDohnalkova%2C+Alice%3BKukkadapu%2C+Ravi+K%3BFendorf%2C+Scott&rft.aulast=Hansel&rft.aufirst=Colleen&rft.date=2003-08-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=16&rft.spage=2977&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2803%2900276-X L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 51 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - advection; bacteria; biogenic processes; EXAFS data; experimental studies; ferrihydrite; geochemical cycle; geochemistry; hydroxides; instruments; iron; iron hydroxides; laboratory studies; metabolism; metals; microorganisms; mineralization; Mossbauer spectra; oxides; secondary minerals; SEM data; Shewanella; Shewanella putrefaciens; spectra; TEM data; theoretical models; X-ray spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(03)00276-X ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Broad distribution of crystal-field environments for Nd (super 3+) in calcite AN - 50271372; 2007-043345 JF - Physics and Chemistry of Minerals AU - Withers, S H AU - Peale, R E AU - Schulte, A F AU - Braunstein, G AU - Beck, K M AU - Hess, W P AU - Reeder, R J Y1 - 2003/08// PY - 2003 DA - August 2003 SP - 440 EP - 448 PB - Springer-Verlag, Berlin - New York VL - 30 IS - 7 SN - 0342-1791, 0342-1791 KW - near-infrared spectra KW - mid-infrared spectra KW - lattice KW - energy dispersive methods KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - optical spectra KW - substitution KW - crystal structure KW - crystal growth KW - curium KW - remediation KW - radioactive waste KW - infrared spectra KW - distortion KW - X-ray fluorescence spectra KW - etching KW - spectra KW - rare earths KW - europium KW - geochemistry KW - synthetic materials KW - impurities KW - powder method KW - defects KW - X-ray spectra KW - EDS spectra KW - calcite KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - americium KW - EXAFS data KW - waste disposal KW - neodymium KW - crystal chemistry KW - carbonates KW - actinides KW - backscattering KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50271372?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+Minerals&rft.atitle=Broad+distribution+of+crystal-field+environments+for+Nd+%28super+3%2B%29+in+calcite&rft.au=Withers%2C+S+H%3BPeale%2C+R+E%3BSchulte%2C+A+F%3BBraunstein%2C+G%3BBeck%2C+K+M%3BHess%2C+W+P%3BReeder%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Withers&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2003-08-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=440&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+Minerals&rft.issn=03421791&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00269-003-0331-5 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/100449/?p=e597e977f1914094b3810f7e67f0a453&pi=0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 34 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - PCMIDU N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; americium; backscattering; calcite; carbonates; crystal chemistry; crystal growth; crystal structure; curium; defects; distortion; EDS spectra; energy dispersive methods; etching; europium; EXAFS data; geochemistry; impurities; infrared spectra; lattice; metals; mid-infrared spectra; near-infrared spectra; neodymium; optical spectra; powder method; precipitation; radioactive waste; rare earths; remediation; spectra; substitution; synthetic materials; waste disposal; X-ray diffraction data; X-ray fluorescence spectra; X-ray spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00269-003-0331-5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Novel antibiotics as inhibitors for the selective respiratory inhibition method of measuring fungal:bacterial ratios in soil AN - 19259114; 5832914 AB - The use of the selective inhibition (SI) method for measuring fungal:bacterial ratios may be limited due to biocide selectivity and the overlap of antibiotic activity. This study evaluated novel pairs of antibiotics for their specificity in soils of different origins and their potential reduction in inhibition of non-target organisms. Four soils selected for this study were from a semi-arid shrub-steppe, a loblolly pine forest and two grassland sites (restored and farmed prairie plots). Three bactericides were tested: oxytetracycline hydrochloride, streptomycin sulphate, and bronopol. Three fungicides were tested: captan, ketoconazole, and nystatin. The inhibitor additivity ratio and fungal:bacterial ratios were calculated from control and treated soils where inhibition was measured as CO sub(2) respiration reduction with biocides. We were able to minimize non-target inhibition by the antibiotics to <5% and thus calculate reliable fungal:bacterial ratios using captan to inhibit fungi in all four soils, and bronopol to inhibit bacteria in three of the four soils. The most successful bactericide in the restored prairie was oxytetracycline-HCl. Our results demonstrate that application of novel antibiotics is not uniformly successful in soils of different origin and that the SI technique requires more than just optimization of antibiotic concentration; it also requires optimization of antibiotic selection. JF - Biology and Fertility of Soils AU - Bailey, V L AU - Smith, J L AU - Bolton, H Jr AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MSIN P7-50, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, WA 99352, USA Y1 - 2003/08// PY - 2003 DA - Aug 2003 SP - 154 EP - 160 VL - 38 IS - 3 SN - 0178-2762, 0178-2762 KW - bronopol KW - oxytetracycline hydrochloride KW - streptomycin sulphate KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Measurement KW - Ratios KW - Forests KW - Nystatin KW - Antibiotics KW - Ketoconazole KW - Concentration KW - Methodology KW - Soil KW - Prairies KW - Fungicides KW - Bactericides KW - Captan KW - K 03095:Soil KW - J 02901:Soil and plants KW - A 01055:Other soil treatments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19259114?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biology+and+Fertility+of+Soils&rft.atitle=Novel+antibiotics+as+inhibitors+for+the+selective+respiratory+inhibition+method+of+measuring+fungal%3Abacterial+ratios+in+soil&rft.au=Bailey%2C+V+L%3BSmith%2C+J+L%3BBolton%2C+H+Jr&rft.aulast=Bailey&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2003-08-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=154&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biology+and+Fertility+of+Soils&rft.issn=01782762&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00374-003-0620-7 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Measurement; Ratios; Forests; Antibiotics; Nystatin; Ketoconazole; Concentration; Methodology; Soil; Prairies; Bactericides; Fungicides; Captan DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00374-003-0620-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Large-scale purification of 90Sr from nuclear waste materials for production of 90Y, a therapeutic medical radioisotope. AN - 73507301; 12878120 AB - A major limitation on the supply of the short-lived medical isotope 90Y (t1/2 = 64 h) is the available quantity of highly purified 90Sr generator material. A radiochemical production campaign was therefore undertaken to purify 1,500 Ci of 90Sr that had been isolated from fission waste materials. A series of alkaline precipitation steps removed all detectable traces of 137Cs, alpha emitters, and uranium and transuranic elements. Technical obstacles such as the buildup of gas pressure generated upon mixing large quantities of acid with solid 90Sr carbonate were overcome through safety features incorporated into the custom-built equipment used for 90Sr purification. Methods are described for analyzing the chemical and radiochemical purity of the final product and for accurately determining by gravimetry the quantities of 90Sr immobilized on stainless steel filters for future use. JF - Applied radiation and isotopes : including data, instrumentation and methods for use in agriculture, industry and medicine AU - Wester, Dennis W AU - Steele, Richard T AU - Rinehart, Donald E AU - DesChane, Jaquetta R AU - Carson, Katharine J AU - Rapko, Brian M AU - Tenforde, Thomas S AD - Radiochemical Science and Engineering Group, Environmental Technology Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA. Y1 - 2003/07// PY - 2003 DA - July 2003 SP - 35 EP - 41 VL - 59 IS - 1 SN - 0969-8043, 0969-8043 KW - Cesium Radioisotopes KW - 0 KW - Radioactive Waste KW - Radiopharmaceuticals KW - Strontium Radioisotopes KW - Yttrium Radioisotopes KW - Index Medicus KW - Chemical Precipitation KW - Cesium Radioisotopes -- isolation & purification KW - Strontium Radioisotopes -- chemistry KW - Radiopharmaceuticals -- therapeutic use KW - Yttrium Radioisotopes -- therapeutic use KW - Yttrium Radioisotopes -- chemistry KW - Radiopharmaceuticals -- chemical synthesis KW - Radioactive Waste -- analysis KW - Radiopharmaceuticals -- chemistry KW - Strontium Radioisotopes -- isolation & purification UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73507301?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+radiation+and+isotopes+%3A+including+data%2C+instrumentation+and+methods+for+use+in+agriculture%2C+industry+and+medicine&rft.atitle=Large-scale+purification+of+90Sr+from+nuclear+waste+materials+for+production+of+90Y%2C+a+therapeutic+medical+radioisotope.&rft.au=Wester%2C+Dennis+W%3BSteele%2C+Richard+T%3BRinehart%2C+Donald+E%3BDesChane%2C+Jaquetta+R%3BCarson%2C+Katharine+J%3BRapko%2C+Brian+M%3BTenforde%2C+Thomas+S&rft.aulast=Wester&rft.aufirst=Dennis&rft.date=2003-07-01&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=35&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+radiation+and+isotopes+%3A+including+data%2C+instrumentation+and+methods+for+use+in+agriculture%2C+industry+and+medicine&rft.issn=09698043&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-10-23 N1 - Date created - 2003-07-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Recognizing the limits of environmental science and technology. AN - 73481819; 12875384 JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Huesemann, Michael H Y1 - 2003/07/01/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Jul 01 SP - 259A EP - 261A VL - 37 IS - 13 KW - Index Medicus KW - Environment KW - Policy Making KW - Science -- trends KW - Environmental Pollution -- prevention & control KW - Technology -- trends KW - Conservation of Natural Resources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73481819?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Recognizing+the+limits+of+environmental+science+and+technology.&rft.au=Huesemann%2C+Michael+H&rft.aulast=Huesemann&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2003-07-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=259A&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-10-28 N1 - Date created - 2003-07-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: Environ Sci Technol. 2003 Aug 1;37(15):270A [12966949] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity of Al to Desulfovibrio desulfuricans. AN - 73424712; 12839782 AB - The toxicity of Al to Desulfovibrio desulfuricans G20 was assessed over a period of 8 weeks in a modified lactate C medium buffered at four initial pHs (5.0, 6.5, 7.2, and 8.3) and treated with five levels of added Al (0, 0.01, 0.1, 1.0, and 10 mM). At pH 5, cell population densities decreased significantly and any effect of Al was negligible compared to that of the pH. At pHs 6.5 and 7.2, the cell population densities increased by 30-fold during the first few days and then remained stable for soluble-Al concentrations of <5 x 10(-5) M. In treatments having total-Al concentrations of > or =1 mM, soluble-Al concentrations exceeded 5 x 10(-5) M and limited cell population growth substantially and proportionally. At pH 8.3, soluble-Al concentrations were below the 5 x 10(-5) M toxicity threshold and cell population density increases of 20- to 40-fold were observed. An apparent cell population response to added Al at pH 8.3 was attributed to the presence of large, spirilloidal bacteria (accounting for as much as 80% of the cells at the 10 mM added Al level). Calculations of soluble-Al speciation for the pH 6.5 and 7.2 treatments that showed Al toxicity suggested the possible presence of the Al(13)O(4)(OH)(24)(H(2)O)(12)(7+) "tridecamer" cation and an inverse correlation of the tridecamer concentration and the cell population density. Analysis by (27)Al nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, however, yielded no evidence of this species in freshly prepared samples or those taken 800 days after inoculation. Exclusion of the tridecamer species from the aqueous speciation calculations at pHs 6.5 and 7.2 yielded inverse correlations of the neutral Al(OH)(3) and anionic Al(OH)(4)(-) monomeric species with cell population density, suggesting that one or both of these ions bear primary responsibility for the toxicity observed. JF - Applied and environmental microbiology AU - Amonette, J E AU - Russell, C K AU - Carosino, K A AU - Robinson, N L AU - Ho, J T AD - Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA. jim.amonette@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003/07// PY - 2003 DA - July 2003 SP - 4057 EP - 4066 VL - 69 IS - 7 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Solutions KW - 0 KW - Aluminum KW - CPD4NFA903 KW - Index Medicus KW - Solubility KW - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration KW - Colony Count, Microbial KW - Solutions -- chemistry KW - Desulfovibrio -- ultrastructure KW - Aluminum -- pharmacology KW - Desulfovibrio -- growth & development KW - Aluminum -- chemistry KW - Aluminum -- toxicity KW - Desulfovibrio -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73424712?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+environmental+microbiology&rft.atitle=Toxicity+of+Al+to+Desulfovibrio+desulfuricans.&rft.au=Amonette%2C+J+E%3BRussell%2C+C+K%3BCarosino%2C+K+A%3BRobinson%2C+N+L%3BHo%2C+J+T&rft.aulast=Amonette&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-07-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=4057&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+environmental+microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-10-30 N1 - Date created - 2003-07-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Appl Environ Microbiol. 2000 Sep;66(9):3674-9 [10966375] J Inorg Biochem. 2001 Nov;87(1-2):1-8 [11709206] Microb Ecol. 2004 Jan;47(1):80-6 [15259272] Biochemistry. 1966 Feb;5(2):467-77 [5942950] Bacteriol Rev. 1977 Mar;41(1):100-80 [860983] Biochim Biophys Acta. 1985 Jul 31;835(3):441-7 [2861853] FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2000 Aug 15;189(2):143-7 [10930728] Clin Chem. 1986 Oct;32(10):1797-806 [3019589] J Theor Biol. 1992 Nov 7;159(1):83-98 [1291812] J Biol Chem. 1998 Jan 16;273(3):1727-32 [9430719] J Inorg Biochem. 1999 Aug 30;76(2):81-8 [10612060] J Inorg Biochem. 1999 Aug 30;76(2):99-104 [10612061] J Inorg Biochem. 1999 Aug 30;76(2):127-32 [10612065] Environ Health Perspect. 1985 Nov;63:115-9 [4076077] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Solution structure of Vibrio cholerae protein VC0424: A variation of the ferredoxin-like fold AN - 18855263; 5689223 AB - The structure of Vibrio cholerae protein VC0424 was determined by NMR spectroscopy. VC0424 belongs to a conserved family of bacterial proteins of unknown function (COG 3076). The structure has an alpha - beta sandwich architecture consisting of two layers: a four-stranded antiparallel beta -sheet and three side-by-side beta -helices. The secondary structure elements have the order alpha beta alpha beta beta alpha beta along the sequence. This fold is the same as the ferredoxin-like fold, except with an additional long N-terminal helix, making it a variation on this common motif. A cluster of conserved surface residues on the beta -sheet side of the protein forms a pocket that may be important for the biological function of this conserved family of proteins. JF - Protein Science AU - Ramelot, T A AU - Ni, Shuisong AU - Goldsmith-Fischman, S AU - Cort, J R AU - Honig, B AU - Kennedy, MA AD - Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory 2569 K8-98, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 3335 Q Avenue, Richland, WA 99352, USA, ma_kennedy@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003/07// PY - 2003 DA - Jul 2003 SP - 1556 EP - 1561 VL - 12 IS - 7 SN - 0961-8368, 0961-8368 KW - VC0424 protein KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - J 02727:Amino acids, peptides and proteins UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18855263?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Protein+Science&rft.atitle=Solution+structure+of+Vibrio+cholerae+protein+VC0424%3A+A+variation+of+the+ferredoxin-like+fold&rft.au=Ramelot%2C+T+A%3BNi%2C+Shuisong%3BGoldsmith-Fischman%2C+S%3BCort%2C+J+R%3BHonig%2C+B%3BKennedy%2C+MA&rft.aulast=Ramelot&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2003-07-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1556&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Protein+Science&rft.issn=09618368&rft_id=info:doi/10.1110%2Fps.03108103 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1110/ps.03108103 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A reciprocal transplant experiment within a climatic gradient in a semiarid shrub-steppe ecosystem: effects on bunchgrass growth and reproduction, soil carbon, and soil nitrogen AN - 17851450; 5662988 AB - We investigated the effect of climate change on Poa secunda Presl. and soils in a shrub-steppe ecosystem in south-eastern Washington. Intact soil cores containing P. secunda were reciprocally transplanted between two elevations. Plants and soils were examined, respectively, 4.5 and 5 years later. The lower elevation (310 m) site is warmer (28.5 degree C air average monthly maximum) and drier (224 mm yr super(-1)) than the upper elevation (844 m) site (23.5 degree C air average monthly maximum, 272 mm yr super(-1)). Observations were also made on undisturbed plants at both sites. There was no effect of climate change on plant density, shoot biomass, or carbon isotope discrimination in either transplanted plant population. The cooler, wetter environment significantly reduced percent cover and leaf length, while the warmer, drier environment had no effect. Warming and drying reduced percent shoot nitrogen, while the cooler, wetter environment had no effect. Culm density was zero for the lower elevation plants transplanted to the upper site and was 10.3 culms m super(-2) at the lower site. There was no effect of warming and drying on the culm density of the upper elevation plants. Culm density of in situ lower elevation plants was greater than that of the in situ upper elevation plants. Warming and drying reduced total soil carbon 32% and total soil nitrogen 40%. The cooler, wetter environment had no effect on total soil C or N. Of the C and N that was lost over time, 64% of both came from the particulate organic matter fraction (POM, > 53 mu m). There was no effect of warming and drying on the upper population of P. secunda while exposing the lower population to the cooler, wetter environment reduced reproductive effort and percent cover. With the warmer and drier conditions that may develop with climate change, total C and N of semiarid soils may decrease with the active fraction of soil C also rapidly decreasing, which may alter ecosystem diversity and function. JF - Global Change Biology AU - Link, SO AU - Smith, J L AU - Halvorson, J J AU - Bolton, H AD - School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University Tri-Cities, 2710 University Drive, Richland, WA 99352, USA, United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA, USDA-ARS, Appalachian Farming Systems Research Center, 1224 Airport Road, Beaver, WV 25813-9423, USA, Biogeochemistry, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA, slink@tricity.wsu.edu Y1 - 2003/07// PY - 2003 DA - Jul 2003 SP - 1097 EP - 1105 PB - Blackwell Science Ltd VL - 9 IS - 7 SN - 1354-1013, 1354-1013 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - USA, Washington KW - Ecosystems KW - Semiarid zone vegetation KW - Climatic change influences on ecosystems KW - Semiarid environments KW - Carbon isotopes KW - Climate change KW - Climatic changes KW - Gradients KW - Steppes KW - Poa secunda KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - M2 551.585:Climate Classification (551.585) KW - M2 551.586:Biometeorology and Bioclimatology (551.586) KW - D 04636:Grasses UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17851450?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+Change+Biology&rft.atitle=A+reciprocal+transplant+experiment+within+a+climatic+gradient+in+a+semiarid+shrub-steppe+ecosystem%3A+effects+on+bunchgrass+growth+and+reproduction%2C+soil+carbon%2C+and+soil+nitrogen&rft.au=Link%2C+SO%3BSmith%2C+J+L%3BHalvorson%2C+J+J%3BBolton%2C+H&rft.aulast=Link&rft.aufirst=SO&rft.date=2003-07-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1097&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+Change+Biology&rft.issn=13541013&rft_id=info:doi/10.1046%2Fj.1365-2486.2003.00647.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Poa secunda; USA, Washington; Semiarid environments; Gradients; Steppes; Climatic changes; Climate change; Ecosystems; Carbon isotopes; Climatic change influences on ecosystems; Semiarid zone vegetation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00647.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ozone production efficiency and NO sub(x) depletion in an urban plume: Interpretation of field observations and implications for evaluating O sub(3)- NO sub(x)-VOC sensitivity AN - 16151192; 5680670 AB - Ozone production efficiency (OPE) can be defined as the number of ozone (O sub(3)) molecules photochemically produced by a molecule of NO sub(x) (NO + NO sub(2)) before it is lost from the NO sub(x)-O sub(3) cycle. Here we consider observational and modeling techniques to evaluate various operational definitions of OPEs using aircraft and surface measurements taken as part of the 1999 Southern Oxidant Study field campaign in Nashville, Tennessee. A key tool in our analysis is a Lagrangian box model, which is used to quantitatively describe the effects of emissions, dilution, dry deposition, and photochemistry in an urban air parcel as it was advected downwind. After evaluating the model using the observed downwind concentrations of several key species, we show that the modeled NO sub(x) oxidation and O sub(3) production rates as well as the associated instantaneous and cumulative OPEs depend on the time of day and the photochemical age of the air parcel. The observation-based OPEs are found to be consistent with the modeled values with the expected biases. A model sensitivity study suggests that downwind O sub(3) concentrations in the Nashville plume are more sensitive to NO sub(x) emissions than anthropogenic VOC emissions. Because the OPE exhibits a nonlinear dependence on emissions and meteorological effects, it would be difficult to rely only on observations to map out the nonlinear response of O sub(3) to a wide span of NO sub(x) and VOC emission changes. Properly constrained and well-evaluated models using a variety of observations are therefore necessary to reliably predict O sub(3)-NO sub(x)-VOC sensitivity for designing effective O sub(3) control strategies. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research. D. Atmospheres AU - Zaveri, R A AU - Berkowitz, C M AU - Kleinman, LI AU - Springston AU - Doskey, P V AU - Lonneman, WA AU - Spicer, C W AD - Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA Y1 - 2003/07// PY - 2003 DA - Jul 2003 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 USA, [mailto:service@agu.org], [URL:http://www.agu.org] VL - 108 IS - D14 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Citation No. 4436 KW - air pollution, Lagrangian modeling, aircraft measurements. KW - 0317 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Chemical kinetic and photochemical properties KW - 0345 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Pollution- urban and regional (0305) KW - 0368 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Troposphere-constituent transport and chemistry KW - 3329 Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics: Mesoscale meteorology KW - 3367 Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics: Theoretical modeling. KW - Photochemistry KW - Mathematical models KW - Photochemical ozone production KW - Pollution dispersion KW - Nitrogen oxides in urban air KW - Urban air quality KW - Ozone production KW - Emission measurements KW - Meteorology KW - Dry deposition KW - Plumes KW - Volatile organic compounds KW - Wind KW - USA, Tennessee, Nashville KW - Urban areas KW - M2 551.510.43:Photochemical Processes (551.510.43) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M2 551.501.71:Methods of observation and computation of composition and density including twilight spectrum searchlight methods (551.501.71) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16151192?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+D.+Atmospheres&rft.atitle=Ozone+production+efficiency+and+NO+sub%28x%29+depletion+in+an+urban+plume%3A+Interpretation+of+field+observations+and+implications+for+evaluating+O+sub%283%29-+NO+sub%28x%29-VOC+sensitivity&rft.au=Zaveri%2C+R+A%3BBerkowitz%2C+C+M%3BKleinman%2C+LI%3BSpringston%3BDoskey%2C+P+V%3BLonneman%2C+WA%3BSpicer%2C+C+W&rft.aulast=Zaveri&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2003-07-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=D14&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+D.+Atmospheres&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2002JD003144 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-10-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication date refers to online version. N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ozone production; Photochemical ozone production; Nitrogen oxides in urban air; Urban air quality; Photochemistry; Mathematical models; Pollution dispersion; Emission measurements; Meteorology; Dry deposition; Plumes; Wind; Volatile organic compounds; Urban areas; USA, Tennessee, Nashville DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2002JD003144 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of temperature on Cs+ sorption and desorption in subsurface sediments at the Hanford Site, U.S.A. AN - 73462348; 12854700 AB - The effects of temperature on Cs+ sorption and desorption were investigated in subsurface sediments from the U.S. Department of Energy Hanford Site. The site has been contaminated at several locations by the accidental leakage of high-level nuclear waste (HLW) containing 137Cs+. The high temperature of the self-boiling, leaked HLW fluid and the continuous decay of various radionuclides carried by the waste supernatant have resulted in elevated vadose temperatures (currently up to 72 degrees C) below the Hanford S-SX tank farm that have dissipated slowly from the time of leakage (1970). The effect of temperature on Cs+ sorption was evaluated through batch binary Cs(+)-Na+ exchange experiments on pristine sediments, while Cs+ desorption was studied in column experiments using 137Cs(+)-contaminated sediments. Cs+ adsorption generally decreased with increasing temperature, with a more apparent decrease at low aqueous Cs+ concentration (10(-10)-10(-6) mol/L). Cs+ desorption from the contaminated sediments increased with increasing temperature. The results indicated that the free energy of Na(+)-Cs+ exchange on the Hanford sediment had a significant enthalpy component that was estimated to be -17.87 (+/- 2.01) and -4.82 (+/- 0.44) kJ/mol (at 298 degrees C) for the high- and low-affinity exchange sites, respectively. Both Cs+ adsorption and desorption at elevated temperature could be well simulated by a two-site ion exchange model, with the conditional exchange constants corrected by the exchange enthalpy effect. The effect of temperature on Cs+ desorption kinetics was also evaluated using a stop-flow technique. The kinetics of desorption of the exchangeable pool (which was less than the total adsorbed concentration) were found to be rapid under the conditions studied. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Liu, Chongxuan AU - Zachara, John M AU - Qafoku, Odeta AU - Smith, Steve C AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA. chongxuan.liu@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003/06/15/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Jun 15 SP - 2640 EP - 2645 VL - 37 IS - 12 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Cesium Radioisotopes KW - 0 KW - Radioactive Waste KW - Soil Pollutants, Radioactive KW - Water Pollutants, Radioactive KW - Cesium KW - 1KSV9V4Y4I KW - Index Medicus KW - Hot Temperature KW - Washington KW - Water Pollutants, Radioactive -- analysis KW - Adsorption KW - Soil Pollutants, Radioactive -- analysis KW - Cesium Radioisotopes -- analysis KW - Geologic Sediments -- chemistry KW - Cesium -- analysis KW - Geologic Sediments -- analysis KW - Radioactive Waste -- analysis KW - Temperature UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73462348?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Effect+of+temperature+on+Cs%2B+sorption+and+desorption+in+subsurface+sediments+at+the+Hanford+Site%2C+U.S.A.&rft.au=Liu%2C+Chongxuan%3BZachara%2C+John+M%3BQafoku%2C+Odeta%3BSmith%2C+Steve+C&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Chongxuan&rft.date=2003-06-15&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=2640&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-10-23 N1 - Date created - 2003-07-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Heterogeneous electron-transfer kinetics with synchrotron (super 57) Fe Moessbauer spectroscopy AN - 51970641; 2003-050958 AB - In the first known kinetic application of the technique, synchrotron (super 57) Fe-Mossbauer spectroscopy was used to follow the rate of heterogeneous electron transfer between aqueous reagents and a solid phase containing Fe. The solid, a synthetic (super 57) Fe-enriched Fe(III)-bearing pyroaurite-like phase having terephthalate (TA) in the interlayer [Mg (sub 3) Fe(OH) (sub 8) (TA) (sub 0.5) .2H (sub 2) O], was reduced by Na (sub 2) S (sub 2) O (sub 4) and then reoxidized by K (sub 2) Cr (sub 2) O (sub 7) by means of a novel flow-through cell. Synchrotron Mossbauer spectra were collected in the time domain at 30-s intervals. Integration of the intensity obtained during a selected time interval in the spectra allowed sensitive determination of Fe(II) content as a function of reaction time. Analysis of reaction end member specimens by both the synchrotron technique and conventional Mossbauer spectroscopy yielded comparable values for Mossbauer parameters such as center shift and Fe(II)/Fe(III) area ratios. Slight differences in quadrupole splitting values were observed, however. A reactive diffusion model was developed that fit the experimental Fe(II) kinetic data well and allowed the extraction of second-order rate constants for each reaction. Thus, in addition to rapidly collecting high quality Mossbauer data, the synchrotron technique seems well suited for aqueous rate experiments as a result of the penetrating power of 14.4 keV X-rays and high sensitivity to Fe valence state. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Amonette, J E AU - Kukkadapu, R K AU - Alp, E E AU - Sturhahn, W AU - Toellner, T S Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - June 2003 SP - 2109 EP - 2116 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 67 IS - 12 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - pyroaurite KW - isotopes KW - data processing KW - stable isotopes KW - iron KW - synchrotron radiation KW - laboratory studies KW - chemical reactions KW - Fourier analysis KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - heterogeneity KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - Mossbauer spectra KW - electrons KW - experimental studies KW - diffusion KW - iron minerals KW - Fe-57 KW - oxidation KW - mineral-water interface KW - metals KW - carbonates KW - 01A:General mineralogy KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51970641?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Heterogeneous+electron-transfer+kinetics+with+synchrotron+%28super+57%29+Fe+Moessbauer+spectroscopy&rft.au=Amonette%2C+J+E%3BKukkadapu%2C+R+K%3BAlp%2C+E+E%3BSturhahn%2C+W%3BToellner%2C+T+S&rft.aulast=Amonette&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=2109&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2802%2901346-7 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbonates; chemical reactions; data processing; diffusion; electrons; experimental studies; Fe-57; Fourier analysis; geochemistry; heterogeneity; iron; iron minerals; isotopes; kinetics; laboratory studies; metals; mineral-water interface; Mossbauer spectra; oxidation; oxides; pyroaurite; spectra; stable isotopes; synchrotron radiation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(02)01346-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Atmospheric observations of enhanced NO (sub 2) -HONO conversion on mineral dust particles AN - 51894393; 2004-010873 JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Wang, Shuhui AU - Ackermann, Ralf AU - Spicer, Chester W AU - Fast, Jerome D AU - Schmeling, Martina AU - Stutz, Jochen Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - June 2003 SP - 4 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 30 IS - 11 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - United States KW - dust storms KW - experimental studies KW - nitric acid KW - clastic sediments KW - pollutants KW - photochemistry KW - pollution KW - atmosphere KW - troposphere KW - Maricopa County Arizona KW - chemical reactions KW - photolysis KW - dust KW - Arizona KW - sediments KW - aerosols KW - seasonal variations KW - Phoenix Arizona KW - inorganic acids KW - chemical ratios KW - nitrogen dioxide KW - minerals KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51894393?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Atmospheric+observations+of+enhanced+NO+%28sub+2%29+-HONO+conversion+on+mineral+dust+particles&rft.au=Wang%2C+Shuhui%3BAckermann%2C+Ralf%3BSpicer%2C+Chester+W%3BFast%2C+Jerome+D%3BSchmeling%2C+Martina%3BStutz%2C+Jochen&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Shuhui&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2003GL017014 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/gl/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GPRLAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerosols; Arizona; atmosphere; chemical ratios; chemical reactions; clastic sediments; dust; dust storms; experimental studies; inorganic acids; Maricopa County Arizona; minerals; nitric acid; nitrogen dioxide; Phoenix Arizona; photochemistry; photolysis; pollutants; pollution; seasonal variations; sediments; troposphere; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003GL017014 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Flow behavior and residual saturation formation of liquid carbon tetrachloride in unsaturated heterogeneous porous media AN - 19919174; 5622321 AB - The formation of residual, discontinuous nonaqueous phase liquids (NAPLs) in the vadose zone is a process that is not well understood. To obtain data that can be used to study the development of a residual NAPL saturation in the vadose zone and to test current corresponding models, detailed transient experiments were conducted in intermediate-scale columns and flow cell. The column experiments were conducted to determine residual carbon tetrachloride (CCl sub(4)) saturations of two sands and to evaluate the effect of CCl sub(4) vapors on the water distribution. In the intermediate-scale flow cell experiment, a rectangular zone of the fine-grained sand was packed in an otherwise medium- grained matrix. A limited amount of CCl sub(4) was injected from a small source and allowed to redistribute until a pseudo steady state situation had developed. A dual-energy gamma radiation system was used to determine fluid saturations at numerous locations. The experiments clearly demonstrated the formation of residual CCl sub(4) saturations in both sands. Simulations with an established multifluid flow simulator show the shortcomings of current relative permeability-saturation-capillary pressure (k-S-P) models. The results indicate that nonspreading behavior of NAPLs should be implemented in simulators to account for the formation of residual saturations. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Oostrom, M AU - Hofstee, C AU - Lenhard, R J AU - Wietsma, T W AD - Environmental Technology Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MS K9-33, Richland, WA 99352, USA, mart.oostrom@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - Jun 2003 SP - 93 EP - 112 VL - 64 IS - 1-2 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Carbon tetrachloride KW - Leverett concept KW - Spreading coefficient KW - DNAPL KW - Intermediate-scale experiment KW - Aeration Zone KW - Fluid flow in porous media KW - Path of Pollutants KW - Groundwater Pollution KW - Model Testing KW - Vapors KW - Sand KW - Nonaqueous Phase Liquids KW - Distribution (Mathematical) KW - Distribution KW - Nonaqueous phase liquids KW - Hydrology KW - Hydrologic models KW - Experimental Data KW - Fate of Pollutants KW - Vadose waters KW - Simulation KW - Gamma radiation KW - Flow in porous media KW - Saturation KW - Modelling (Pollution) KW - Model Studies KW - Pollution (Groundwater) KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - Behavior KW - Aeration (see also Oxygenation, Re-oxygenation) KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality KW - M2 556.3:Groundwater Hydrology (556.3) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19919174?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Flow+behavior+and+residual+saturation+formation+of+liquid+carbon+tetrachloride+in+unsaturated+heterogeneous+porous+media&rft.au=Oostrom%2C+M%3BHofstee%2C+C%3BLenhard%2C+R+J%3BWietsma%2C+T+W&rft.aulast=Oostrom&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=93&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0169-7722%2802%2900107-9 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fluid flow in porous media; Vadose waters; Flow in porous media; Hydrologic models; nonaqueous phase liquids; Vapors; Behavior; Sand; Nonaqueous phase liquids; Simulation; Hydrology; Gamma radiation; Pollution (Groundwater); Distribution (Mathematical); Aeration (see also Oxygenation, Re-oxygenation); Saturation; Modelling (Pollution); Experimental Data; Aeration Zone; Path of Pollutants; Fate of Pollutants; Nonaqueous Phase Liquids; Distribution; Groundwater Pollution; Model Testing; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00107-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydroclimate of the Western United States Based on Observations and Regional Climate Simulation of 1981-2000. Part II: Mesoscale ENSO Anomalies AN - 18909450; 5660781 AB - The hydroclimate of the western United States is influenced by strong interannual variability of atmospheric circulation, much of which is associated with the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Precipitation anomalies during ENSO often show opposite and spatially coherent dry and wet patterns in the Northwest and California or vice versa. The role of orography in establishing mesoscale ENSO anomalies in the western United States is examined based on observed precipitation and temperature data at 1/8 degree spatial resolution and a regional climate simulation at 40-km spatial resolution. Results show that during El Nino or La Nina winters, strong precipitation anomalies are found in northern California, along the southern California coast, and in the northwest mountains such as the Olympic Mountains, the Cascades, and the northern Rockies. These spatial features, which are strongly affected by topography, are surprisingly well reproduced by the regional climate simulation. double prime spatial feature investigated further is the positive-negative-positive precipitation anomaly found during El Nino years in the Olympic Mountains, and on the west side and east side of the Cascades in both observations and regional simulation. Observed streamflows of river basins located in those areas are found to be consistent with the precipitation anomalies. The spatial distribution of the precipitation anomalies is investigated by relating flow direction and moisture to the orientation of mountains and orographic precipitation. On the west side of the north-south-oriented Cascade Range, the increase in atmospheric moisture is not enough to compensate for the loss of orographic precipitation associated with a change in flow direction toward the southwest during El Nino years. In California, both the increase in atmospheric moisture and shift in wind direction toward the southwest enhance precipitation along the Sierra, which is oriented northwest to southeast. The spatial signature of the interactions between large-scale circulation and topography may provide useful information for seasonal predictions or climate change detection. JF - Journal of Climate AU - Leung, L R AU - Qian, Y AU - Bian, X AU - Hunt, A AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd., P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA, rubyleung@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - Jun 2003 SP - 1912 EP - 1928 PB - American Meteorological Society VL - 16 IS - 12 SN - 0894-8755, 0894-8755 KW - orography KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Q2 02241:General KW - Q1 01422:Environmental effects KW - SW 0810:General KW - M2 551.579:Hydrometeorology (551.579) KW - M2 551.581.1:Theoretical climatology. Climatic models. Solar climate (551.581.1) KW - Q5 01521:Mechanical and natural changes KW - M2 551.577:General Precipitation (551.577) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18909450?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Climate&rft.atitle=Hydroclimate+of+the+Western+United+States+Based+on+Observations+and+Regional+Climate+Simulation+of+1981-2000.+Part+II%3A+Mesoscale+ENSO+Anomalies&rft.au=Leung%2C+L+R%3BQian%2C+Y%3BBian%2C+X%3BHunt%2C+A&rft.aulast=Leung&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1912&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Climate&rft.issn=08948755&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F1520-0442%282003%29016%281912%3AHOTWUS%292.0.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(2003)016(1912:HOTWUS)2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydroclimate of the Western United States Based on Observations and Regional Climate Simulation of 1981-2000. Part I: Seasonal Statistics AN - 18897586; 5660780 AB - The regional climate of the western United States shows clear footprints of interaction between atmospheric circulation and orography. The unique features of this diverse climate regime challenges climate modeling. This paper provides detailed analyses of observations and regional climate simulations to improve our understanding and modeling of the climate of this region. The primary data used in this study are the 1/8 degree gridded temperature and precipitation based on station observations and the NCEP-NCAR global reanalyses. These data were used to evaluate a 20-yr regional climate simulation performed using the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University-National Center for Atmospheric Research (Penn State-NCAR) Mesoscale Model (MM5) driven by large-scale conditions of the NCEP-NCAR reanalyses. Regional climate features examined include seasonal mean and extreme precipitation; distribution of precipitation rates; and precipitation intensity, frequency, and seasonality. The relationships between precipitation and surface temperature are also analyzed as a means to evaluate how well regional climate simulations can be used to simulate surface hydrology, and relationships between precipitation and elevation are analyzed as diagnostics of the impacts of surface topography and spatial resolution. The latter was performed at five east-west transects that cut across various topographic features in the western United States. These analyses suggest that the regional simulation realistically captures many regional climate features. The simulated seasonal mean and extreme precipitation are comparable to observations. The regional simulation produces precipitation over a wide range of precipitation rates comparable to observations. Obvious biases in the simulation include the oversimulation of precipitation in the basins and intermountain West during the cold season, and the undersimulation in the Southwest in the warm season. There is a tendency of reduced precipitation frequency rather than intensity in the simulation during the summer in the Northwest and Southwest, which leads to the insufficient summer mean precipitation in those areas. Because of the general warm biases in the simulation, there is also a tendency for more precipitation events to be associated with warmer temperatures, which can affect the simulation of snowpack and runoff. JF - Journal of Climate AU - Leung, L R AU - Qian, Y AU - Bian, X AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd., P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA, rubyleung@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - Jun 2003 SP - 1892 EP - 1911 PB - American Meteorological Society VL - 16 IS - 12 SN - 0894-8755, 0894-8755 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - SW 0810:General KW - M2 551.579:Hydrometeorology (551.579) KW - M2 551.581.1:Theoretical climatology. Climatic models. Solar climate (551.581.1) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18897586?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Climate&rft.atitle=Hydroclimate+of+the+Western+United+States+Based+on+Observations+and+Regional+Climate+Simulation+of+1981-2000.+Part+I%3A+Seasonal+Statistics&rft.au=Leung%2C+L+R%3BQian%2C+Y%3BBian%2C+X&rft.aulast=Leung&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1892&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Climate&rft.issn=08948755&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F1520-0442%282003%29016%281892%3AHOTWUS%292.0.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(2003)016(1892:HOTWUS)2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Integrated assessment of Hadley Center (HadCM2) climate-change impacts on agricultural productivity and irrigation water supply in the conterminous United States Part II. Regional agricultural production in 2030 and 2095 AN - 16159955; 5686924 AB - A national assessment (NA) evaluated the potential consequences of climate change and variability on the agriculture, water resources, as well as other economic and natural resource sectors in the United States. As part of this process, we used scenarios of the HadCM2 GCM and the EPIC agroecosystem model to evaluate climate-change impacts on crop yields and ecosystem processes. Baseline climate data were obtained from national records for 1961-1990. The scenario runs for 2025-2034 and 2090-2099 were extracted from a HadCM2 run. EPIC was run on 204 representative farms under current climate and two 10-year periods centered on 2030 and 2095, each at CO sub(2) concentrations of 365 and 560 ppm. Crops were simulated under both dryland and irrigated management, with irrigation water supply estimates taken from the HUMUS simulations in Paper 1. Texas, New Mexico, Colorado, Utah, Arizona, and California are projected to experience significant temperature increases by 2030. Slight cooling is expected by 2030 in Alabama, Florida, Maine, Montana, Idaho, and Utah. Larger areas are projected to experience increased warming by 2095. Uniform precipitation increases are expected by 2030 in the northeast. These increases are predicted to expand to the eastern half of the country by 2095. Regionally, dryland corn yields could increase, decrease or remain unchanged under the two scenarios. EPIC simulated yield increases for the Great Lakes, Corn Belt and Northeast regions. Simulated yields of irrigated corn were predicted to increase in almost all regions. Soybean yields could decrease in the Northern and Southern Plains, the Corn Belt, Delta, Appalachian, and Southeast regions and increase in the Lakes and Northeast regions. Simulated wheat yields exhibited upward trends under scenarios of climate-change. Evapotranspiration in dryland corn is expected to increase in both future periods while water-use efficiency will decrease. National corn production in 2030 and 2095 could be affected by changes in three major producing regions. In 2030, corn production could increase in the Corn Belt and Lakes regions but decrease in the Northern Plains leading to an overall decrease in national production. National wheat production is expected to increase during both future periods. A proxy indicator was developed to provide a sense of where in the country, and when water would be available to satisfy change in irrigation demand for corn and alfalfa production as these are influenced by the HadCM2 scenarios and CO sub(2)-fertilization. Irrigation requirement by irrigated crops declines under these scenarios as transpiration is suppressed. JF - Agricultural and Forest Meteorology AU - Izaurralde, R C AU - Rosenberg, N J AU - Brown, R A AU - Thomson, A M AD - Joint Global Change Research Institute, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, University of Maryland, 8400 Baltimore Avenue, College Park, MD 20740, USA, cesar.izaurralde@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - June 2003 SP - 97 EP - 122 PB - Elsevier VL - 117 IS - 1-2 SN - 0168-1923, 0168-1923 KW - Corn KW - Wheat KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Erosion productivity impact calculator (EPIC) KW - Alfalfa KW - Crop yield KW - Evapotranspiration KW - Runoff KW - Agriculture KW - Inland waters KW - USA, Florida KW - Corn yield KW - Climatic changes KW - Water resources KW - Water supplies KW - Crops KW - Corn Belt KW - Crop Yield KW - USA, Alabama KW - Lakes KW - Agricultural productivity KW - Assessments KW - Climatic variability KW - Climatic change influences on corn KW - Meteorology KW - USA, California KW - USA, Utah KW - USA, New Mexico KW - Mathematical models KW - Climate and agriculture KW - Climates KW - Irrigation KW - Climate KW - Simulation KW - Water supply KW - Climatic change influences KW - Water use KW - USA KW - USA, Colorado KW - Natural resources KW - USA, Maine KW - Irrigation Water KW - Q2 09127:General papers on resources KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - Q2 09241:General KW - SW 1060:Conservation in agricultural use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16159955?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agricultural+and+Forest+Meteorology&rft.atitle=Integrated+assessment+of+Hadley+Center+%28HadCM2%29+climate-change+impacts+on+agricultural+productivity+and+irrigation+water+supply+in+the+conterminous+United+States+Part+II.+Regional+agricultural+production+in+2030+and+2095&rft.au=Izaurralde%2C+R+C%3BRosenberg%2C+N+J%3BBrown%2C+R+A%3BThomson%2C+A+M&rft.aulast=Izaurralde&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=97&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agricultural+and+Forest+Meteorology&rft.issn=01681923&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0168-1923%2803%2900024-8 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Agriculture; Inland waters; Water use; Mathematical models; Natural resources; Climate; Irrigation; Climatic changes; Water resources; Evapotranspiration; Water supply; Climatic change influences; Agricultural productivity; Climatic variability; Climate and agriculture; Corn yield; Climatic change influences on corn; Simulation; Meteorology; Water supplies; Crops; Lakes; Assessments; Climates; Corn; Irrigation Water; Crop Yield; Corn Belt; USA, Utah; USA, Alabama; USA, New Mexico; USA, Colorado; USA; USA, Florida; USA, Maine; USA, California DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0168-1923(03)00024-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Integrated assessment of Hadley Centre (HadCM2) climate change projections on agricultural productivity and irrigation water supply in the conterminous United States I. Climate change scenarios and impacts on irrigation water supply simulated with the HUMUS model AN - 16159828; 5686925 AB - In response to a congressional mandate, the US Global Change Research Program organized a National Assessment of Climate Change focusing on geographic regions (e.g. Alaska, Great Plains) and sectors (e.g. public health, agriculture, water resources). This paper describes methodology and results of a study by researchers at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory contributing to the water sector analysis. The subsequent paper makes use of the water supply results to estimate the climate change impacts on irrigated agriculture. The vulnerability of water resources in the conterminous US to climate changes in 10-year periods centered on 2030 and 2095 as projected by the Hadley/United Kingdom Meteorological Office (UKMO) general circulation model (GCM; HadCM2) were modeled using the Hydrologic Unit Model for the United States (HUMUS). HUMUS, a biophysically based hydrology model, consists of a Geographical Information System (GIS) that provides data on soils, land use and climate to drive the Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). The modeling was done at the scale of the eight-digit United States Geological Survey (USGS) Hydrologic Unit Area (HUA) of which there are 2101 in the conterminous US. Results are aggregated to the four- and two-digit (major water resource region, MWRR) scales for various purposes. Daily records of maximum/minimum temperature and precipitation (PPT) from 1961 to 1990 provided the baseline climate. Water yields (WY), used as a measure of water supply for irrigation, increases from the 1961-1990 baseline period over most of the US in 2030 and 2095. In 2030, WY increases in the western US and decreases in the central and southeast regions. Notably, WY increases by 139 mm (35%) from baseline in the Pacific Northwest. Driven by higher temperatures and reduced precipitation, WY is projected to decrease in the Lower Mississippi and Texas Gulf basins. The HadCM2 (2095) scenario projects a climate significantly wetter than baseline, resulting in water yield increases of 38% on average. Water yield increases are projected to be significant throughout the eastern US--39% in the Ohio basin, for example. Water yields increase significantly in the western US, as well--57 and 76% in the Upper and Lower Colorado, respectively. Climate change also affects the seasonality of the hydrologic cycle. Early snowmelt is induced in western basins, leading to dramatically increased water yields in late winter and early spring. The simulations were run at current (365 ppm) and elevated (560 ppm) atmospheric CO sub(2) concentrations [CO sub(2)] to account for the potential impacts of the 'CO sub(2)-fertilization' effect. The effects of climate change scenario were considerably greater than those due to elevated [CO sub(2)] but the latter, overall, decreased losses and augmented increases in water yield. JF - Agricultural and Forest Meteorology AU - Rosenberg, N J AU - Brown, R A AU - Izaurralde, R C AU - Thomson, A M AD - Joint Global Change Research Institute, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, University of Maryland, College Park, 8400 Baltimore Avenue, College Park, MD 20740, USA, nj.rosenberg@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - June 2003 SP - 73 EP - 96 PB - Elsevier VL - 117 IS - 1-2 SN - 0168-1923, 0168-1923 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Global warming KW - Irrigation KW - Evapotranspiration KW - Runoff KW - CO2-fertilization effect KW - Agriculture KW - Climatic changes KW - Water resources KW - Water supplies KW - Crops KW - Public health KW - Hydrologic Models KW - Agricultural productivity KW - Assessments KW - Climatic Changes KW - Hydrology KW - Meteorology KW - Hydrologic models KW - British Isles KW - USA, Alaska KW - Atmospheric precipitations KW - Water Yield KW - Mathematical models KW - Climate and agriculture KW - Climates KW - Hydrologic cycle KW - Water supply KW - USA KW - USA, Great Plains KW - General circulation models KW - Natural resources KW - Irrigation Water KW - Geographic information systems KW - Carbon dioxide KW - GIS KW - Water Resources KW - Climate change scenarios KW - M2 556:General (556) KW - Q2 09127:General papers on resources KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - Q2 09241:General KW - SW 1060:Conservation in agricultural use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16159828?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agricultural+and+Forest+Meteorology&rft.atitle=Integrated+assessment+of+Hadley+Centre+%28HadCM2%29+climate+change+projections+on+agricultural+productivity+and+irrigation+water+supply+in+the+conterminous+United+States+I.+Climate+change+scenarios+and+impacts+on+irrigation+water+supply+simulated+with+the+HUMUS+model&rft.au=Rosenberg%2C+N+J%3BBrown%2C+R+A%3BIzaurralde%2C+R+C%3BThomson%2C+A+M&rft.aulast=Rosenberg&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=73&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agricultural+and+Forest+Meteorology&rft.issn=01681923&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0168-1923%2803%2900025-X LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atmospheric precipitations; Agriculture; Mathematical models; Natural resources; Irrigation; Climatic changes; Water resources; GIS; Hydrologic cycle; Public health; Water supply; Agricultural productivity; Climate and agriculture; General circulation models; Hydrologic models; Climate change scenarios; Hydrology; Meteorology; Geographic information systems; Carbon dioxide; Water supplies; Crops; Water Yield; Hydrologic Models; Assessments; Climates; Climatic Changes; Irrigation Water; Water Resources; USA, Alaska; British Isles; USA; USA, Great Plains DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0168-1923(03)00025-X ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The 2001 Phoenix Sunrise experiment: vertical mixing and chemistry during the morning transition in Phoenix AN - 16150151; 5606624 AB - A field experiment was carried out in Phoenix during June 2001 to examine the role of vertical mixing on the O sub(3) chemistry of the boundary layer during the morning transition from stable to unstable atmospheric conditions. Surface instruments, instruments located on two floors of a 39 story building in downtown Phoenix, and an instrumented airplane were used to characterize the evolving chemistry in the lowest 650 m of the atmosphere. Remote sensing and in situ platforms were used to obtain detailed profiles of winds and temperatures during the early morning hours and for several hours after sunrise. The analysis presented in this paper focuses on vertical profiles of CO, O sub(3), and NO measured on the building and their relationship to the morning boundary layer evolution over Phoenix. Some features of these profiles were found that are consistent with a simple conceptual picture of nighttime trapping of pollutants in a stable surface layer and a subsequent release the following morning. On some days, however, evidence of significant vertical mixing was found during the early morning hours well before the times expected for the development of convective mixing after sunrise. Possible causes include advection, street canyon turbulence, and large-scale convergence, but a satisfactory explanation for the observed evolution of the chemical profiles has not yet been found. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Doran, J C AU - Berkowitz, C M AU - Coulter, R L AU - Shaw, W J AU - Spicer, C W AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MSIN K9-30, Richland, WA 99352, USA, christopher.doran@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - Jun 2003 SP - 2365 EP - 2377 VL - 37 IS - 17 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Morning transition KW - CO profiles KW - O3 profiles KW - Vertical mixing KW - Urban air quality KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Diurnal variations KW - Remote sensing KW - Street canyon pollution KW - Nitrogen oxides KW - Air pollution KW - Carbon monoxide KW - Atmospheric chemistry KW - Ozone profiles KW - Atmospheric boundary layer KW - Carbon dioxide KW - USA, Arizona, Phoenix KW - Urban areas KW - Ozone KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M2 551.510.3/.4:Physical Properties/Composition (551.510.3/.4) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16150151?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=The+2001+Phoenix+Sunrise+experiment%3A+vertical+mixing+and+chemistry+during+the+morning+transition+in+Phoenix&rft.au=Doran%2C+J+C%3BBerkowitz%2C+C+M%3BCoulter%2C+R+L%3BShaw%2C+W+J%3BSpicer%2C+C+W&rft.aulast=Doran&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=17&rft.spage=2365&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS1352-2310%2803%2900134-1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Diurnal variations; Atmospheric chemistry; Remote sensing; Ozone profiles; Street canyon pollution; Atmospheric boundary layer; Carbon dioxide; Ozone; Carbon monoxide; Air pollution; Pollution monitoring; Nitrogen oxides; Urban areas; USA, Arizona, Phoenix DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(03)00134-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Oxidation of H sub(2)S by Iron Oxides in Unsaturated Conditions AN - 19933152; 5801331 AB - Previous studies have demonstrated that gas-phase H sub(2)S can immobilize certain redox-sensitive contaminants (e.g., Cr, U, Tc) in vadose zone environments. A key issue for effective and efficient delivery of H sub(2)S in these environments is the reactivity of the gas with indigenous iron oxides. To elucidate the factors that control the transport of H sub(2)S in the vadose zone, laboratory column experiments were conducted to identify reaction mechanisms and measure rates of H sub(2)S oxidation by iron oxide-coated sands using several carrier gas compositions (N sub(2), air, and O sub(2)) and flow rates. Most experiments were conducted using ferrihydrite-coated sand. Additional studies were conducted with goethite- and hematite-coated sand and a natural sediment. Selective extractions were conducted at the end of each column experiment to determine the mass balance of the reaction products. XPS was used to confirm the presence of the reaction products. For column experiments in which ferrihydrite-coated sand was the substrate and N sub(2) was the carrier gas, the major H sub(2)S oxidation products were FeS and elemental sulfur (mostly S super(0) sub(8), represented as S super(0) for simplicity) at ratios that were consistent with the stoichiometry of the postulated reactions. When air or O sub(2) were used as the carrier gas, S super(0) became the dominant reaction product along with FeS sub(2) and smaller amounts of FeS, sulfate, and thiosulfate. A mathematical model of reactive transport was used to test the hypothesis that S super(0) forming on the iron oxide surfaces reduces access of H sub(2)S to the reactive surface. Several conceptual models were assessed in the context of the postulated reactions with the final model based on a linear surface poisoning model and fitted reaction rates. These results indicate that carrier gas selection is a critical consideration with significant tradeoffs for remediation objectives. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Cantrell, K J AU - Yabusaki, S B AU - Engelhard, M H AU - Mitroshkov, A V AU - Thornton, E C AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Mail Stop K6-81, Richland, Washington 99352, USA, kirk.cantrell@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003/05/15/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 May 15 SP - 2192 EP - 2199 VL - 37 IS - 10 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Sulfur KW - Sulfates KW - Mathematical Models KW - Bioremediation KW - Model Testing KW - Flow rates KW - Flow Rates KW - Sand KW - Substrates KW - Sediment Contamination KW - Sediment pollution KW - Mathematical models KW - Water Pollution Treatment KW - Laboratory testing KW - Iron Oxides KW - Laboratories KW - Poisoning KW - Model Studies KW - Remediation KW - Oxidation KW - Iron KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19933152?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Oxidation+of+H+sub%282%29S+by+Iron+Oxides+in+Unsaturated+Conditions&rft.au=Cantrell%2C+K+J%3BYabusaki%2C+S+B%3BEngelhard%2C+M+H%3BMitroshkov%2C+A+V%3BThornton%2C+E+C&rft.aulast=Cantrell&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2003-05-15&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2192&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fes020994o LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sulfates; Sulfur; Sediment pollution; Mathematical models; Bioremediation; Laboratory testing; Sand; Oxidation; Poisoning; Iron; Flow rates; Mathematical Models; Water Pollution Treatment; Laboratories; Iron Oxides; Model Testing; Model Studies; Flow Rates; Remediation; Substrates; Sediment Contamination DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es020994o ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Voltammetric detection of lead(II) and mercury(II) using a carbon paste electrode modified with thiol self-assembled monolayer on mesoporous silica (SAMMS). AN - 73371388; 12790199 AB - The anodic stripping voltammetry at a carbon paste electrode modified with thiol terminated self-assembled monolayer on mesoporous silica (SH-SAMMS) provides a new sensor for simultaneous detection of lead (Pb2+) and mercury (Hg2+) in aqueous solutions. The overall analysis involved a two-step procedure: an accumulation step at open circuit, followed by medium exchange to a pure electrolyte solution for the stripping analysis. Factors affecting the performance of the SH-SAMMS modified electrodes were investigated, including electrode activation and regeneration, electrode composition, preconcentration time, electrolysis time, and composition of electrolysis and stripping media. The most sensitive and reliable electrode contained 20% SH-SAMMS and 80% carbon paste. The optimal operating conditions were a sequence with a 2 min preconcentration period, then a 60 s electrolysis period of the preconcentrated species in 0.2 M nitric acid, followed by square wave anodic stripping voltammetry from -1.0 V to 0.6 V in 0.2 M nitric acid. The areas of the peak responses were linear with respect to metal ion concentrations in the ranges of 10-1500 ppb Pb2+ and 20-1600 ppb Hg2+. The detection limits for Pb2+ and Hg2+ were 0.5 ppb Pb2+ and 3 ppb Hg2+ after a 20 min preconcentration period. JF - The Analyst AU - Yantasee, Wassana AU - Lin, Yuehe AU - Zemanian, Thomas S AU - Fryxell, Glen E AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA. Y1 - 2003/05// PY - 2003 DA - May 2003 SP - 467 EP - 472 VL - 128 IS - 5 SN - 0003-2654, 0003-2654 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - 0 KW - Lead KW - 2P299V784P KW - Carbon KW - 7440-44-0 KW - Mercury KW - FXS1BY2PGL KW - Index Medicus KW - Electrochemistry -- methods KW - Electrodes KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis KW - Mercury -- analysis KW - Lead -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73371388?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Analyst&rft.atitle=Voltammetric+detection+of+lead%28II%29+and+mercury%28II%29+using+a+carbon+paste+electrode+modified+with+thiol+self-assembled+monolayer+on+mesoporous+silica+%28SAMMS%29.&rft.au=Yantasee%2C+Wassana%3BLin%2C+Yuehe%3BZemanian%2C+Thomas+S%3BFryxell%2C+Glen+E&rft.aulast=Yantasee&rft.aufirst=Wassana&rft.date=2003-05-01&rft.volume=128&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=467&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Analyst&rft.issn=00032654&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-09-26 N1 - Date created - 2003-06-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transport of multiple tracers in variably saturated humid region structured soils and semi-arid region laminated sediments AN - 51988046; 2003-038703 AB - The processes governing physical nonequilibrium (PNE)--coupled preferential flow and matrix diffusion--are diverse between humid and semi-arid regions, and are directly related to climate and rock/sediment type, and indirectly related to subsequent soil profile development. The fate and transport of contaminants in these variably saturated undisturbed media is largely a function of the influence of PNE processes. Large cores of laminated silts and sands were collected from the US Department of Energy Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) in semi-arid south central Washington. Additional cores of weathered, fractured interbedded limestone and shale saprolite were collected from the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) in humid eastern Tennessee. PNNL cores were collected parallel (FBP) and perpendicular (FXB) to bedding, and the ORNL core was 30 degrees to bedding. Saturated and unsaturated transport experiments were performed using multiple nonreactive tracers that had different diffusion coefficients (Br (super -) , PFBA, and PIPES), in order to identify the influence of PNE on the fate and transport of solutes. In the ORNL structured saprolite, solute transport was governed by coupled preferential flow and matrix diffusion, as evidenced by tracer separation and highly asymmetric breakthrough curves (BTC). BTCs became more symmetric as preferential flowpaths became inactive during drainage. Tracer separation persisted during unsaturated flow suggesting the continued importance of nonequilibrium mass transfer between flowpaths and the immobile water that was held in the soil matrix. No evidence of PNE was observed under near-saturated conditions in the semi-arid region (PNNL) laminated silts and sands. Unsaturated flow in cores with discontinuous layering resulted in preferential flow and the development of perched, immobile water as evidenced by early breakthrough and separation of tracers. Conversely, transport parallel to laterally continuous beds did not result in preferential flow, the development of perched water, or tracer separation regardless of water content. These observations suggested that desaturation had two effects: (1) grain size variations between individual beds resulted in different antecedent water contents, and (2) the exchange of water and solutes between individual sedimentary beds was subsequently inhibited. Under unsaturated conditions, these effects may promote either stable lateral flow, or unstable vertical finger flow coupled with the development of perched, immobile water. JF - Journal of Hydrology AU - Mayes, M A AU - Jardine, P M AU - Mehlhorn, T L AU - Bjornstad, B N AU - Ladd, J L AU - Zachara, J M A2 - Yu, Zhongbo A2 - Hu, Bill X. Y1 - 2003/05// PY - 2003 DA - May 2003 SP - 141 EP - 161 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 275 IS - 3-4 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - terrestrial environment KW - semi-arid environment KW - unsaturated zone KW - preferential flow KW - cores KW - ground water KW - saturated zone KW - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory KW - tracers KW - Tennessee KW - sediments KW - breakthrough curves KW - mass transfer KW - sedimentary structures KW - soils KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - experimental studies KW - diffusion KW - Washington KW - laminations KW - humid environment KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - equilibrium KW - planar bedding structures KW - heterogeneous materials KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51988046?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Transport+of+multiple+tracers+in+variably+saturated+humid+region+structured+soils+and+semi-arid+region+laminated+sediments&rft.au=Mayes%2C+M+A%3BJardine%2C+P+M%3BMehlhorn%2C+T+L%3BBjornstad%2C+B+N%3BLadd%2C+J+L%3BZachara%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Mayes&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2003-05-01&rft.volume=275&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=141&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0022-1694%2803%2900039-8 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00221694 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - GSA 2000 annual meeting , symposium on Studies on water movement and solute transport in arid regions N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 57 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JHYDA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - breakthrough curves; cores; diffusion; equilibrium; experimental studies; ground water; Hanford Site; heterogeneous materials; humid environment; laminations; mass transfer; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; planar bedding structures; pollution; preferential flow; saturated zone; sedimentary structures; sediments; semi-arid environment; soils; solute transport; Tennessee; terrestrial environment; tracers; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1694(03)00039-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Variation in calcite dissolution rates; a fundamental problem? AN - 51976896; 2003-043862 AB - A comparison of published calcite dissolution rates measured far from equilibrium at a pH of approximately 6 and above shows well over an order of magnitude in variation. Recently published AFM step velocities extend this range further still. In an effort to understand the source of this variation, and to provide additional constraint from a new analytical approach, we have measured dissolution rates by vertical scanning interferometry. In areas of the calcite cleavage surface dominated by etch pits, our measured dissolution rate is 10 (super -10.95) mol/cm (super 2) /s (PCO (sub 2) 10 (super -3.41) atm, pH 8.82), 5 to approximately 100 times slower than published rates derived from bulk powder experiments, although similar to rates derived from AFM step velocities. On cleavage surfaces free of local etch pit development, dissolution is limited by a slow, "global" rate (10 (super -11.68) mol/cm (super 2) /s). Although these differences confirm the importance of etch pit (defect) distribution as a controlling mechanism in calcite dissolution, they also suggest that "bulk" calcite dissolution rates observed in powder experiments may derive substantial enhancement from grain boundaries having high step and kink density. We also observed significant rate inhibition by introduction of dissolved manganese. At 2.0 mu M Mn, the rate diminished to 10 (super -12.4) mol/cm (super 2) /s, and the well formed rhombic etch pits that characterized dissolution in pure solution were absent. These results are in good agreement with the pattern of manganese inhibition in published AFM step velocities, assuming a step density on smooth terraces of approximately 9 mu m (super -1) . JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Arvidson, Rolf S AU - Ertan, Inci Evren AU - Amonette, James E AU - Luttge, Andreas Y1 - 2003/05// PY - 2003 DA - May 2003 SP - 1623 EP - 1634 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 67 IS - 9 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - experimental studies KW - metals KW - mineral-water interface KW - rates KW - solution KW - manganese KW - geochemistry KW - carbonates KW - interferometry KW - calcite KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51976896?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Variation+in+calcite+dissolution+rates%3B+a+fundamental+problem%3F&rft.au=Arvidson%2C+Rolf+S%3BErtan%2C+Inci+Evren%3BAmonette%2C+James+E%3BLuttge%2C+Andreas&rft.aulast=Arvidson&rft.aufirst=Rolf&rft.date=2003-05-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1623&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2802%2901177-8 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 44 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - calcite; carbonates; experimental studies; geochemistry; interferometry; manganese; metals; mineral-water interface; rates; solution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(02)01177-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Towards a unified system for detecting waterborne pathogens AN - 18756302; 5623588 AB - Currently, there is no single method to collect, process, and analyze a water sample for all pathogenic microorganisms of interest. Some of the difficulties in developing a universal method include the physical differences between the major pathogen groups (viruses, bacteria, protozoa), efficiently concentrating large volume water samples to detect low target concentrations of certain pathogen groups, removing co-concentrated inhibitors from the sample, and standardizing a culture-independent endpoint detection method. Integrating the disparate technologies into a single, universal, simple method and detection system would represent a significant advance in public health and microbiological water quality analysis. Recent advances in sample collection, on-line sample processing and purification, and DNA microarray technologies may form the basis of a universal method to detect known and emerging waterborne pathogens. This review discusses some of the challenges in developing a universal pathogen detection method, current technology that may be employed to overcome these challenges, and the remaining needs for developing an integrated pathogen detection and monitoring system for source or finished water. JF - Journal of Microbiological Methods AU - Straub, T M AU - Chandler, D P AD - Analytical Microbiology Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, P.O. Box 999 MSIN P7-50, Richland, WA 99352, USA, Timothy.Straub@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003/05// PY - 2003 DA - May 2003 SP - 185 EP - 197 PB - Elsevier Science B.V. VL - 53 IS - 2 SN - 0167-7012, 0167-7012 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Water Analysis KW - Water Sampling KW - Water Quality KW - Pathogens KW - Water quality KW - Microbiological Studies KW - Public Health KW - Reviews KW - Detection KW - Purification KW - Samples KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - A 01108:Other water systems UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18756302?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Microbiological+Methods&rft.atitle=Towards+a+unified+system+for+detecting+waterborne+pathogens&rft.au=Straub%2C+T+M%3BChandler%2C+D+P&rft.aulast=Straub&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2003-05-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=185&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Microbiological+Methods&rft.issn=01677012&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0167-7012%2803%2900023-X LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Reviews; Detection; Purification; Pathogens; Samples; Water quality; Public Health; Water Analysis; Water Sampling; Water Quality; Microbiological Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0167-7012(03)00023-X ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of electron donor/acceptor concentrations on hydrous ferric oxide (HFO) bioreduction. AN - 73477398; 12877465 AB - Dissimilatory metal-reducing bacteria (DMRB) facilitate the reduction of Fe and Mn oxides in anoxic soils and sediments and play an important role in the cycling of these metals and other elements such as carbon in aqueous environments. Previous studies investigating the reduction of Fe(III) oxides by DMRB focused on reactions under constant initial electron donor (lactate) and electron acceptor (Fe oxide) concentrations. Because the concentrations of these reactants can vary greatly in the environment and would be expected to influence the rate and extent of oxide reduction, the influence of variable electron acceptor and donor concentrations on hydrous ferric oxide (HFO) bioreduction was investigated. Batch experiments were conducted in pH 7 HCO3 buffered media using Shewanella putrefaciens strain CN32. In general, the rate of Fe(III) reduction decreased with increasing HFO:lactate ratios, resulting in a relatively greater proportion of crystalline Fe(III) oxides of relatively low availability for DMRB. HFO was transformed to a variety of crystalline minerals including goethite, lepidocrocite, and siderite but was almost completely dissolved at high lactate to HFO ratios. These results indicate that electron donor and acceptor concentrations can greatly impact the bioreduction of HFO and the suite of Fe minerals formed as a result of reduction. The respiration driven rate of Fe(II) formation from HFO is believed to be a primary factor governing the array of ferrous and ferric iron phases formed during reduction. JF - Biodegradation AU - Fredrickson, James K AU - Kota, Sreenivas AU - Kukkadapu, Ravi K AU - Liu, Chongxuan AU - Zachara, John M AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA. jim.fredrickson@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003/04// PY - 2003 DA - April 2003 SP - 91 EP - 103 VL - 14 IS - 2 SN - 0923-9820, 0923-9820 KW - Culture Media KW - 0 KW - Ferric Compounds KW - Ferrous Compounds KW - Indicators and Reagents KW - Iron Radioisotopes KW - ferric oxide KW - 1K09F3G675 KW - Lactic Acid KW - 33X04XA5AT KW - Index Medicus KW - Iron Radioisotopes -- chemistry KW - Thermodynamics KW - Electron Transport KW - Spectroscopy, Mossbauer KW - Ferrous Compounds -- chemistry KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - Kinetics KW - Biodegradation, Environmental KW - Crystallography, X-Ray KW - Shewanella putrefaciens -- metabolism KW - Lactic Acid -- chemistry KW - Ferric Compounds -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73477398?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biodegradation&rft.atitle=Influence+of+electron+donor%2Facceptor+concentrations+on+hydrous+ferric+oxide+%28HFO%29+bioreduction.&rft.au=Fredrickson%2C+James+K%3BKota%2C+Sreenivas%3BKukkadapu%2C+Ravi+K%3BLiu%2C+Chongxuan%3BZachara%2C+John+M&rft.aulast=Fredrickson&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=91&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biodegradation&rft.issn=09239820&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-03-09 N1 - Date created - 2003-07-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of mineral precipitation and dissolution on hydrologic properties of porous media in static and dynamic systems AN - 51996629; 2003-033279 AB - A critical component in determining the suitability of disposing glassified, low activity waste is the identification of key mineral assemblages affecting the porosity and permeability of both the glass and near- and far-field materials. In this study, two different classes of geochemical models are used to identify mineral precipitation and dissolution potentials for an immobilized low-activity waste (ILAW) disposal facility in Hanford, Washington. The first is a static geochemical model that does not consider the effects of transport. The second model is dynamic, and combines geochemical reactions with hydrogeological processes such as advection, diffusion and dispersion. This reactive transport model also includes an innovative application of a depositional film model for determining changes in permeability due to mineral precipitation and dissolution reactions. Although both models describe solid-aqueous phase reactions kinetically, the two models identify two different sets of mineral assemblages affecting the porosity and permeability of the media. These markedly different results are due to transport considerations, the most significant of which are the spatial variability in aqueous concentrations, and advection and diffusion of dissolved glass constituents into the backfill materials. This work shows that for the prediction of geochemical behavior of engineered systems, such as the ILAW disposal facility, the traditional reaction path modeling approach is not sufficient for an accurate assessment of the precipitation of key mineral assemblages and their effect on the geochemical and hydraulic behavior of the waste glass. Reactive transport modeling improves this assessment significantly. The static model is useful in identifying potential minerals to be included in the reactive transport simulations. The dynamic model, however, ultimately determines the key mineral assemblages affecting both the geochemical behavior and the hydraulic properties of the waste glass in the presence of a flowing aqueous phase. JF - Applied Geochemistry AU - Freedman, V L AU - Saripalli, K P AU - Meyer, P D Y1 - 2003/04// PY - 2003 DA - April 2003 SP - 589 EP - 606 PB - Pergamon, Oxford-New York-Beijing VL - 18 IS - 4 SN - 0883-2927, 0883-2927 KW - United States KW - backfill KW - EQ3/6 KW - solution KW - simulation KW - radioactive waste KW - EQ6 KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - EQ3NR KW - mineral assemblages KW - geochemistry KW - processes KW - Washington KW - Hanford Site KW - porous materials KW - properties KW - equations KW - advection KW - porosity KW - models KW - STORM KW - precipitation KW - waste disposal KW - low-level waste KW - permeability KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51996629?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Influence+of+mineral+precipitation+and+dissolution+on+hydrologic+properties+of+porous+media+in+static+and+dynamic+systems&rft.au=Freedman%2C+V+L%3BSaripalli%2C+K+P%3BMeyer%2C+P+D&rft.aulast=Freedman&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=589&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.issn=08832927&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0883-2927%2802%2900116-6 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/08832927 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 8 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - advection; backfill; chemical reactions; EQ3/6; EQ3NR; EQ6; equations; geochemistry; Hanford Site; low-level waste; mineral assemblages; models; permeability; porosity; porous materials; precipitation; processes; properties; radioactive waste; simulation; solution; STORM; transport; United States; Washington; waste disposal DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0883-2927(02)00116-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A particle-based model of size or anion exclusion with application to microbial transport in porous media AN - 51941937; 2003-066627 JF - Water Resources Research AU - Scheibe, Timothy D AU - Wood, Brian D Y1 - 2003/04// PY - 2003 DA - April 2003 SP - 10 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 39 IS - 4 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - water quality KW - halogens KW - water management KW - bromide ion KW - Northampton County Virginia KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - laboratory studies KW - Oyster Virginia KW - tracers KW - breakthrough curves KW - protection KW - anions KW - experimental studies KW - Virginia KW - Darcy's law KW - bromine KW - porosity KW - size KW - models KW - bacteria KW - water resources KW - particles KW - microorganisms KW - field studies KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51941937?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=A+particle-based+model+of+size+or+anion+exclusion+with+application+to+microbial+transport+in+porous+media&rft.au=Scheibe%2C+Timothy+D%3BWood%2C+Brian+D&rft.aulast=Scheibe&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2001WR001223 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 73 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anions; bacteria; breakthrough curves; bromide ion; bromine; Darcy's law; experimental studies; field studies; ground water; halogens; laboratory studies; microorganisms; models; Northampton County Virginia; Oyster Virginia; particles; porosity; protection; remediation; size; solute transport; tracers; United States; Virginia; water management; water quality; water resources DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2001WR001223 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carbon dioxide along WOCE line A14; water masses characterization and anthropogenic entry AN - 51813402; 2004-061831 JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Rios, A F AU - Alvarez Salgado, X A AU - Perez, F F AU - Bingler, L S AU - Aristegui, J AU - Memery, L Y1 - 2003/04// PY - 2003 DA - April 2003 SP - 16 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 108 IS - C4 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - concentration KW - ocean circulation KW - inorganic carbon KW - human activity KW - carbon dioxide traps KW - atmosphere KW - World Ocean Circulation Experiment KW - carbon dioxide KW - provenance KW - thermocline KW - North Atlantic Deep Water KW - carbon KW - standard materials KW - tracers KW - alkalinity KW - South Atlantic KW - pH KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51813402?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Carbon+dioxide+along+WOCE+line+A14%3B+water+masses+characterization+and+anthropogenic+entry&rft.au=Rios%2C+A+F%3BAlvarez+Salgado%2C+X+A%3BPerez%2C+F+F%3BBingler%2C+L+S%3BAristegui%2C+J%3BMemery%2C+L&rft.aulast=Rios&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=C4&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2000JC000366 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 80 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sects., geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkalinity; Atlantic Ocean; atmosphere; carbon; carbon dioxide; carbon dioxide traps; concentration; human activity; inorganic carbon; North Atlantic Deep Water; ocean circulation; pH; provenance; South Atlantic; standard materials; thermocline; tracers; World Ocean Circulation Experiment DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2000JC000366 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The use of ground penetrating radar for site characterization at Hanford AN - 50881808; 2005-046595 JF - Proceedings of SAGEEP AU - Knight, Rosemary J AU - Irving, James AU - Freeman, Eugene AU - Tercier, Paulette AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/04// PY - 2003 DA - April 2003 SP - 221 EP - 227 PB - Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, Wheat Ridge, CO VL - 2003 KW - United States KW - Washington KW - geophysical surveys KW - pollutants KW - ground-penetrating radar KW - variance analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - characterization KW - unsaturated zone KW - radar methods KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - semivariograms KW - environmental analysis KW - ground water KW - surveys KW - water pollution KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50881808?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.atitle=The+use+of+ground+penetrating+radar+for+site+characterization+at+Hanford&rft.au=Knight%2C+Rosemary+J%3BIrving%2C+James%3BFreeman%2C+Eugene%3BTercier%2C+Paulette%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Knight&rft.aufirst=Rosemary&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=2003&rft.issue=&rft.spage=221&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.issn=1554-8015&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://scitation.aip.org/sageep/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium on The application of geophysics to engineering and environmental problems N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - characterization; environmental analysis; geophysical surveys; ground water; ground-penetrating radar; Hanford Site; pollutants; pollution; radar methods; semivariograms; statistical analysis; surveys; United States; unsaturated zone; variance analysis; Washington; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of Hourly Meteorological Values From Daily Data and Significance to Hydrological Modeling at H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest AN - 18851251; 5641954 AB - Hydrologic modeling depends on having quality meteorological input available at the simulation time step. Often two needs arise: disaggregation from daily to subdaily and extend an available subdaily record. Simple techniques were tested for generating hourly air temperature, precipitation, solar radiation, relative humidity, and wind speed from limited daily data at the H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest, Oregon. Skill of the daily to hourly methods ranged from poor to very good. The best method for each variable had mean error 0.5, with the exception of wind speed, which had a bias problem related to change in measurement height. Significance of the disaggregation assumptions for simulated hydrology was evaluated by driving the Distributed Hydrology Soil Vegetation Model (DHSVM) with alternative meteorological inputs. The largest differences in streamflow simulation efficiency were related to differences in precipitation phase, which followed from the air temperature method used. The largest differences in annual water balance were related to the humidity model used; the common fallback assumption that daily dewpoint temperature equals minimum air temperature led to sharply higher evapotranspiration. Hourly streamflow and annual water balance were less sensitive to the method of distributing precipitation throughout the day and parameterization of solar radiation. JF - Journal of Hydrometeorology AU - Waichler AU - Wigmosta AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, K9-36, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, scottwaichler@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003/04// PY - 2003 DA - Apr 2003 SP - 251 EP - 263 PB - American Meteorological Society VL - 4 IS - 2 SN - 1525-755X, 1525-755X KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Water budget KW - Time series KW - Relative Humidity KW - Climatic data KW - Hydrologic Models KW - Hydrology KW - Meteorological observations KW - USA, Oregon KW - Wind KW - Hydrologic models KW - Modelling KW - Atmospheric precipitations KW - Solar Radiation KW - Air Temperature KW - Vegetation KW - Humidity KW - Streamflow KW - Evapotranspiration KW - Precipitation KW - Hydrometeorological data KW - Stream flow KW - Atmosphere-hydrologic coupled models KW - Water balance KW - INE, USA, Oregon KW - Analytical techniques KW - SW 0810:General KW - Q2 09162:Methods and instruments KW - M2 556.072:Models, analogies, etc. (556.072) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18851251?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrometeorology&rft.atitle=Development+of+Hourly+Meteorological+Values+From+Daily+Data+and+Significance+to+Hydrological+Modeling+at+H.+J.+Andrews+Experimental+Forest&rft.au=Waichler%3BWigmosta&rft.aulast=Waichler&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=251&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrometeorology&rft.issn=1525755X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F1525-7541%282003%294%28251%3ADOHMVF%292.0.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atmospheric precipitations; Climatic data; Water budget; Time series; Analytical techniques; Evapotranspiration; Meteorological observations; Stream flow; Modelling; Water balance; Atmosphere-hydrologic coupled models; Hydrometeorological data; Hydrologic models; Solar Radiation; Hydrologic Models; Air Temperature; Humidity; Vegetation; Hydrology; Streamflow; Precipitation; Relative Humidity; Wind; INE, USA, Oregon; USA, Oregon DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1525-7541(2003)4(251:DOHMVF)2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lessons learned from reactive transport modeling of a low-activity waste glass disposal system AN - 16167977; 5688752 AB - A set of reactive chemical transport calculations were conducted with the Subsurface Transport Over Reactive Multiphases (STORM) code to evaluate the long-term performance of a representative low-activity waste glass in a shallow subsurface disposal system located on the Hanford site. Two different trench designs were considered, one with four rows of small waste packages (old design), the other with three layers of larger waste packages (new design). One-dimensional (1D) simulations were carried out to 20,000 yr, whereas two-dimensional (2D) simulations could only be carried out for 10,000 yr due to constraints on computational time. Both the 1D and 2D simulations predicted that the technetium release rate from the waste packages would be lower for the new trench design at times greater than 1 yr. Having fewer, larger waste packages decreases the glass surface area exposed to reaction with pore water. In the 2D simulations, water can flow around the waste packages, which causes a decrease in the water flux through the waste packages and lower release rates than predicted in the 1D simulations. This result reinforces the importance of performing multi-dimensional waste form release simulations. JF - Computers & Geosciences AU - Bacon, D H AU - Peter McGrail, B AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MS K9-33, Richland, WA 99352, USA, diana.bacon@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003/04// PY - 2003 DA - Apr 2003 SP - 361 EP - 370 VL - 29 IS - 3 SN - 0098-3004, 0098-3004 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Waste Management KW - Waste Disposal KW - Radioactive wastes KW - Waste Dumps KW - Simulation KW - Interstitial Water KW - Glass KW - USA, Washington, Hanford Site KW - Performance Evaluation KW - Chemical Wastes KW - Waste disposal KW - Hazardous wastes KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes KW - P 8000:RADIATION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16167977?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computers+%26+Geosciences&rft.atitle=Lessons+learned+from+reactive+transport+modeling+of+a+low-activity+waste+glass+disposal+system&rft.au=Bacon%2C+D+H%3BPeter+McGrail%2C+B&rft.aulast=Bacon&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=361&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computers+%26+Geosciences&rft.issn=00983004&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0098-3004%2803%2900011-6 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Radioactive wastes; Simulation; Glass; Waste disposal; Hazardous wastes; Performance Evaluation; Waste Management; Chemical Wastes; Waste Disposal; Waste Dumps; Interstitial Water; USA, Washington, Hanford Site DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0098-3004(03)00011-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nonlocal bacterial electron transfer to hematite surfaces AN - 52007485; 2003-027753 AB - Mechanisms by which dissimilatory iron-reducing bacteria utilize iron and manganese oxide minerals as terminal electron acceptors for respiration are poorly understood. In the absence of exogenous electron shuttle compounds, extracellular electron transfer is generally thought to occur through the interfacial contact area between mineral surfaces and attached cells. Possible alternative reduction pathways have been proposed based on the discovery of a link between an excreted quinone and dissimilatory reduction. In this study, we utilize a novel experimental approach to demonstrate that Shewanella putrefaciens reduces the surface of crystalline iron oxides at spatial locations that are distinct from points of attachment. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Rosso, Kevin M AU - Zachara, John M AU - Fredrickson, Jim K AU - Gorby, Yuri A AU - Smith, Steven C A2 - Becker, Udo A2 - Rosso, Kevin M. Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 1081 EP - 1087 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 67 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - experimental studies KW - iron oxides KW - Shewanella putrefaciens KW - Shewanella KW - biogenic processes KW - atomic force microscopy data KW - single-crystal method KW - chemical reactions KW - hematite KW - bacteria KW - oxides KW - surface reactions KW - reduction KW - geochemistry KW - mineral surface KW - electrons KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52007485?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Nonlocal+bacterial+electron+transfer+to+hematite+surfaces&rft.au=Rosso%2C+Kevin+M%3BZachara%2C+John+M%3BFredrickson%2C+Jim+K%3BGorby%2C+Yuri+A%3BSmith%2C+Steven+C&rft.aulast=Rosso&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1081&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2802%2900904-3 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2001 Goldschmidt meeting, symposium on Advances in oxide and sulfide mineral surface chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atomic force microscopy data; bacteria; biogenic processes; chemical reactions; electrons; experimental studies; geochemistry; hematite; iron oxides; mineral surface; oxides; reduction; Shewanella; Shewanella putrefaciens; single-crystal method; surface reactions DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(02)00904-3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potentiometric and (super 19) F nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic study of fluoride substitution in the GaAl (sub 12) polyoxocation; implications for aluminum (hydr)oxide mineral surfaces AN - 52006798; 2003-027752 AB - Fluoride replacement of oxygens in the GaO (sub 4) Al (sub 12) (OH) (sub 24) (H (sub 2) O)127+(aq) molecule [GaAl (sub 12) ] was studied via (super 19) F nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) at 4 identical with Fe(II) + OH (super ) (sub (ads)) + H (super +) The combination of two OH (super ) then produces H (sub 2) O (sub 2) . In the present study, we show spectroscopic evidence consistent with the conversion of Fe(III) to Fe(II) at defect sites, the origin of H (sub 2) O (sub 2) from H (sub 2) O, and the existence of OH (super ) in solution. To demonstrate the iron conversion at the surface, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was employed. Using a novel mass spectrometry method, the production of H (sub 2) O (sub 2) was evaluated. The aqueous concentration of OH (super ) was measured using a standard radical scavenger method. The formation of OH (super ) via the interaction of H (sub 2) O with the pyrite surface is consistent with several observations in earlier studies and clarifies a fundamental step in the oxidation mechanism of pyrite. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Borda, Michael J AU - Elsetinow, Alicia R AU - Strongin, Daniel R AU - Schoonen, Martin A A2 - Becker, Udo A2 - Rosso, Kevin M. Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 935 EP - 939 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 67 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - water KW - experimental studies KW - mass spectra KW - iron KW - measurement KW - ferrous iron KW - laboratory studies KW - hydroxyl ion KW - ferric iron KW - chemical reactions KW - metals KW - surface defects KW - surface reactions KW - pyrite KW - spectra KW - X-ray photoelectron spectra KW - crystal chemistry KW - sulfides KW - geochemistry KW - mineral surface KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52004290?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=A+mechanism+for+the+production+of+hydroxyl+radical+at+surface+defect+sites+on+pyrite&rft.au=Borda%2C+Michael+J%3BElsetinow%2C+Alicia+R%3BStrongin%2C+Daniel+R%3BSchoonen%2C+Martin+A&rft.aulast=Borda&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=935&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2802%2901222-X L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2001 Goldschmidt meeting, symposium on Advances in oxide and sulfide mineral surface chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical reactions; crystal chemistry; experimental studies; ferric iron; ferrous iron; geochemistry; hydroxyl ion; iron; laboratory studies; mass spectra; measurement; metals; mineral surface; pyrite; spectra; sulfides; surface defects; surface reactions; water; X-ray photoelectron spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(02)01222-X ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of different crystal faces on the surface charge of colloidal goethite (alpha -FeOOH) particles; an experimental and modeling study AN - 52004117; 2003-027745 AB - The surface charge of colloidal particles is usually determined by potentiometric titration. These acid-base titrations make it possible to measure the pH of point-of-zero charge (pzc) for oxide minerals. This macroscopic property is the most important parameter used in surface complexation modeling to reproduce experimental data. The pzc values of goethite reported in the literature vary between 7.0 and 9.5. Carbonate adsorption and/or surface morphology are thought to account for this wide range. We demonstrate a procedure for the removal of the carbonate ions that initially adsorb on goethite and strongly affect the titration curves and pzc determination. We also investigated the crystal-face-specific reactivity of two morphologically different goethites. The z-profiles obtained from atomic force microscopy (AFM) images showed that the goethite with the smallest specific surface area (S = 49 m (super 2) /g, denoted G49) exhibits 70% of the (001) face, whereas this value is only 30% for the goethite with largest specific surface area (S = 95 m (super 2) /g, denoted G95). This morphologic difference results in slightly different pzc values: 9.0 for G49 goethite and 9.1 for G95 geothite. These experimental pzc values have been correlated with multisite complexation calculations using both the full-site and the 1-pK approaches. We used the full-site approach to consider all of the configurations of hydrogen bond interactions with surface site. The resulting mean charges gave estimated pzc values of 8.9 and 9.2 for the (001) and (101) faces, respectively. Considering these theoretical pzc values for individual faces and the face distributions obtained from AFM analysis, the calculated pzc values are in full agreement with the experimental pzc values. However, this morphologic difference is more expressed in surface charge values than in the pzc values. Indeed, the surface charge of G49 goethite is much higher than that of G95 goethite, and the 1-pK calculations make it possible to fit the titration data satisfactorily. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Gaboriaud, Fabien AU - Ehrhardt, Jean-Jacques A2 - Becker, Udo A2 - Rosso, Kevin M. Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 967 EP - 983 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 67 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - crystal form KW - iron oxides KW - goethite KW - data processing KW - techniques KW - electrochemical properties KW - laboratory studies KW - chemical reactions KW - digital simulation KW - oxides KW - surface reactions KW - particulate materials KW - synthesis KW - geochemistry KW - mineral surface KW - experimental studies KW - colloidal materials KW - chemical analysis KW - titration KW - numerical models KW - surface charge KW - electrolytes KW - models KW - sample preparation KW - reagents KW - MUSIC model KW - theoretical models KW - potentiometry KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52004117?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Effects+of+different+crystal+faces+on+the+surface+charge+of+colloidal+goethite+%28alpha+-FeOOH%29+particles%3B+an+experimental+and+modeling+study&rft.au=Gaboriaud%2C+Fabien%3BEhrhardt%2C+Jean-Jacques&rft.aulast=Gaboriaud&rft.aufirst=Fabien&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=967&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2802%2900988-2 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2001 Goldschmidt meeting, symposium on Advances in oxide and sulfide mineral surface chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 65 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical analysis; chemical reactions; colloidal materials; crystal form; data processing; digital simulation; electrochemical properties; electrolytes; experimental studies; geochemistry; goethite; iron oxides; laboratory studies; mineral surface; models; MUSIC model; numerical models; oxides; particulate materials; potentiometry; reagents; sample preparation; surface charge; surface reactions; synthesis; techniques; theoretical models; titration DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(02)00988-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular simulation of the magnetite-water interface AN - 52003821; 2003-027747 AB - This paper reports molecular dynamics simulations of the magnetite (001)-water interface, both in pure water and in the presence of a 2.3 molal solution of NaClO (sub 4) . The simulations are carried out using a potential model designed to allow the protonation states of the surface functional groups to evolve dynamically through the molecular dynamics trajectory. The primary structural quantities investigated are the populations of the surface functional groups, the distribution of electrolyte in the solution, and the surface hydrogen bonding relationships. The surface protonation states are dominated by extensive hydrolysis of interfacial water molecules, giving rise to a dipolar surface dominated by FeOH (sub 2) (super +) -OH (sub 2) -OH (super -) arrangements. Triply coordinated, more deeply buried, surface sites are inert, probably due to the relative lack of solvent in their vicinity. The electrolyte distribution is oscillatory, arranging preferentially in layers defined by the solvating water molecules. The presence of electrolyte has a negligible effect on the protonation states of the surface functional groups. Steady-state behavior is obtained for the protonation states of the surface functional groups and hydrogen-bonding network. Although the overall structure of the electrolyte distribution is fairly well established, the electrolyte distribution has not fully equilibrated, as evidenced by the asymmetry in the distribution from the top to the bottom of the slab. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Rustad, James R AU - Felmy, Andrew R AU - Bylaska, Eric J A2 - Becker, Udo A2 - Rosso, Kevin M. Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 1001 EP - 1016 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 67 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - water KW - sodium chloride KW - iron oxides KW - coordination KW - data processing KW - mineral-water interface KW - electrolytes KW - crystal structure KW - protons KW - chemical reactions KW - digital simulation KW - parallel processing KW - theoretical models KW - oxides KW - surface reactions KW - molecular dynamics KW - crystal chemistry KW - geochemistry KW - mineral surface KW - magnetite KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52003821?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Molecular+simulation+of+the+magnetite-water+interface&rft.au=Rustad%2C+James+R%3BFelmy%2C+Andrew+R%3BBylaska%2C+Eric+J&rft.aulast=Rustad&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1001&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2802%2900900-6 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2001 Goldschmidt meeting, symposium on Advances in oxide and sulfide mineral surface chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 39 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical reactions; coordination; crystal chemistry; crystal structure; data processing; digital simulation; electrolytes; geochemistry; iron oxides; magnetite; mineral surface; mineral-water interface; molecular dynamics; oxides; parallel processing; protons; sodium chloride; surface reactions; theoretical models; water DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(02)00900-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Metal island growth and dynamics on molybdenite surfaces AN - 52003605; 2003-027741 AB - In order to understand the adsorption mechanism of metal atoms to semiconducting surfaces, we have studied, as a model system, the vapor phase adsorption of Ag, Au, and Cu on the (001) surface of molybdenite (MoS (sub 2) ) and the subsequent surface diffusion of these adsorbates. Our scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) images show that, depending on the type of metal atom that is adsorbed, islands of a characteristic size (2 nm for Ag, 8 to 10 nm for Cu, two distinct sizes of 2 nm and 8 to 10 nm for Au), shape (well rounded in the lateral extension) and thickness (one monolayer for Ag, 1 to 1.5 nm for Cu) are formed during the initial stages of deposition. Whole islands are observed to surface diffuse without loss of size or shape. Despite the relatively large size of the copper islands on molybdenite, these islands surface diffuse extensively, suggesting that the Cu-S interaction is weak. Surface diffusion is only hindered once individual islands start to coalesce. As copper islands accumulate, the size and shape of the original islands can still be recognized, supporting the conclusion that these characteristics are constant and that monolayer growth occurs by the aggregation of islands across the surface. The strength and the nature of the Ag-S(MoS (sub 2) ) bond were further investigated by using molecular orbital calculations, ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) and scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS). By applying quantum mechanical approaches using a two-dimensional periodic molybdenite slab and hexagonal MoS (sub 2) clusters of different sizes with metal atoms adsorbed to them, it is possible to calculate the electron transfer between the mineral surface and the metal atom as well as the adsorption energy as a function of surface coverage. In addition, we used the results from the quantum mechanical runs to derive empirical potentials that model the characteristics of the forces within the crystal, within the adsorbed islands, and the metal and mineral surface. The combination of quantum mechanical calculations and empirical force field calculations explain the electronic structure and the highest stability of Ag islands that have seven atoms in diameter, which exactly agrees with the size of experimentally observed islands. UPS results also suggest that a specific new state is formed (approximately 4.5 eV into the valence band) which may describe the Ag-S bond because it does not occur in pure silver or molybdenite. This study shows how the combination of microscopic (STM), spectroscopic (STS, UPS), compositional (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, XPS) and molecular modeling (quantum mechanical and empirical) techniques is a useful approach to understand the nature of the metal to sulfide bond. Further insights may be gained concerning the natural association of certain metals with sulfides. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Becker, Udo AU - Rosso, Kevin M AU - Weaver, Robert AU - Warren, Michele AU - Hochella, Michael F, Jr A2 - Becker, Udo A2 - Rosso, Kevin M. Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 923 EP - 934 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 67 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - experimental studies KW - diffusion KW - copper KW - silver KW - electron microscopy data KW - crystal growth KW - bonding KW - adsorption KW - STM data KW - laboratory studies KW - scanning tunneling microscopy data KW - chemical reactions KW - metals KW - ultraviolet spectra KW - sulfur KW - surface reactions KW - spectra KW - gold KW - X-ray photoelectron spectra KW - sulfides KW - mobility KW - mineral surface KW - molybdenite KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52003605?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Metal+island+growth+and+dynamics+on+molybdenite+surfaces&rft.au=Becker%2C+Udo%3BRosso%2C+Kevin+M%3BWeaver%2C+Robert%3BWarren%2C+Michele%3BHochella%2C+Michael+F%2C+Jr&rft.aulast=Becker&rft.aufirst=Udo&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=923&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2802%2901144-4 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2001 Goldschmidt meeting, symposium on Advances in oxide and sulfide mineral surface chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 34 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; bonding; chemical reactions; copper; crystal growth; diffusion; electron microscopy data; experimental studies; gold; laboratory studies; metals; mineral surface; mobility; molybdenite; scanning tunneling microscopy data; silver; spectra; STM data; sulfides; sulfur; surface reactions; ultraviolet spectra; X-ray photoelectron spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(02)01144-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Arsenite sorption on troilite (FeS) and pyrite (FeS (sub 2) ) AN - 52003412; 2003-027740 AB - Arsenic is a toxic metalloid whose mobility and availability are largely controlled by sorption on sulfide minerals in anoxic environments. Accordingly, we investigated reactions of As(III) with iron sulfide (FeS) and pyrite (FeS (sub 2) ) as a function of total arsenic concentration, suspension density, sulfide concentration, pH, and ionic strength. Arsenite partitioned strongly on both FeS and FeS (sub 2) under a range of conditions and conformed to a Langmuir isotherm at low surface coverages; a calculated site density of near 2.6 and 3.7 sites/nm (super 2) for FeS and FeS (sub 2) , respectively, was obtained. Arsenite sorbed most strongly at elevated pH (>5 to 6). Although solution data suggested the formation of surface precipitates only at elevated solution concentrations, surface precipitates were identified using X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) at all coverages. Sorbed As was coordinated to both sulfur [d(As-S) = 2.35 Aa] and iron [d(As-Fe) = 2.40 Aa], characteristic of As coordination in arsenopyrite (FeAsS). The absorption edge of sorbed As was also shifted relative to arsenite and orpiment (As (sub 2) S (sub 3) ), revealing As(III) reduction and a complete change in As local structure. Arsenic reduction was accompanied by oxidation of both surface S and Fe(II); the FeAsS-like surface precipitate was also susceptible to oxidation, possibly influencing the stability of As sorbed to sulfide minerals in the environment. Sulfide additions inhibit sorption despite the formation of a sulfide phase, suggesting that precipitation of arsenic sulfide is not occurring. Surface precipitation of As on FeS and FeS (sub 2) supports the observed correlation of arsenic and pyrite and other iron sulfides in anoxic sediments. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Bostick, Benjamin C AU - Fendorf, Scott A2 - Becker, Udo A2 - Rosso, Kevin M. Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 909 EP - 921 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 67 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - sorption KW - coordination KW - iron KW - XANES spectra KW - laboratory studies KW - chemical reactions KW - surface reactions KW - spectra KW - X-ray photoelectron spectra KW - geochemistry KW - troilite KW - synthetic materials KW - mineral surface KW - experimental studies KW - arsenic KW - X-ray spectra KW - arsenites KW - iron sulfides KW - metals KW - EXAFS data KW - sulfur KW - pyrite KW - crystal chemistry KW - sulfides KW - chemical fractionation KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52003412?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Arsenite+sorption+on+troilite+%28FeS%29+and+pyrite+%28FeS+%28sub+2%29+%29&rft.au=Bostick%2C+Benjamin+C%3BFendorf%2C+Scott&rft.aulast=Bostick&rft.aufirst=Benjamin&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=909&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2802%2901170-5 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2001 Goldschmidt meeting, symposium on Advances in oxide and sulfide mineral surface chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 75 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arsenic; arsenites; chemical fractionation; chemical reactions; coordination; crystal chemistry; EXAFS data; experimental studies; geochemistry; iron; iron sulfides; laboratory studies; metals; mineral surface; pyrite; sorption; spectra; sulfides; sulfur; surface reactions; synthetic materials; troilite; X-ray photoelectron spectra; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(02)01170-5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Surface oxidation of pyrite under ambient atmospheric and aqueous (pH = 2 to 10) conditions; electronic structure and mineralogy from X-ray absorption spectroscopy AN - 52003364; 2003-027738 AB - The nature of the surface oxidation phase on pyrite, FeS (sub 2) , reacted in aqueous electrolytes at pH = 2 to 10 and with air under ambient atmospheric conditions was studied using synchrotron-based oxygen K edge, sulfur L (sub III) edge, and iron L (sub II,III) edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy. We demonstrate that O K edge X-ray absorption spectra provide a sensitive probe of sulfide surface oxidation that is complementary to X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Using total electron yield detection, the top 20 to 50 Aa of the pyrite surface is characterized. In air, pyrite oxidizes to form predominantly ferric sulfate. In aqueous air-saturated solutions, the surface oxidation products of pyrite vary with pH, with a marked transition occurring around pH 4. Below pH = 4, a ferric (hydroxy)sulfate is the main oxidation product on the pyrite surface. At higher pH, we find iron(III) oxyhydroxide in addition to ferric (hydroxy)sulfate on the surface. Under the most alkaline conditions, the O K edge spectrum closely resembles that of goethite, FeOOH, and the surface is oxidized to the extent that no FeS (sub 2) can be detected in the X-ray absorption spectra. In a 1.667X10 (super -3) mol/L Fe (super 3+) solution with ferric iron present as FeCl (sub 3) in NaCl, the oxidation of pyrite is autocatalyzed, and formation of the surface iron(III) oxyhydroxide phase is promoted at low pH. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Todd, E C AU - Sherman, Dave M AU - Purton, J A A2 - Becker, Udo A2 - Rosso, Kevin M. Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 881 EP - 893 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 67 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - experimental studies KW - oxyhydroxides KW - oxidation KW - natural materials KW - mineral-water interface KW - electrolytes KW - electrochemical properties KW - X-ray spectra KW - iron hydroxides KW - synchrotron radiation KW - hydroxides KW - laboratory studies KW - Raman spectra KW - catalysis KW - chemical reactions KW - oxides KW - surface reactions KW - air KW - spectra KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - mineral surface KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52003364?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Surface+oxidation+of+pyrite+under+ambient+atmospheric+and+aqueous+%28pH+%3D+2+to+10%29+conditions%3B+electronic+structure+and+mineralogy+from+X-ray+absorption+spectroscopy&rft.au=Todd%2C+E+C%3BSherman%2C+Dave+M%3BPurton%2C+J+A&rft.aulast=Todd&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=881&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2802%2900957-2 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2001 Goldschmidt meeting, symposium on Advances in oxide and sulfide mineral surface chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 46 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air; catalysis; chemical reactions; electrochemical properties; electrolytes; experimental studies; geochemistry; hydroxides; iron hydroxides; laboratory studies; mineral surface; mineral-water interface; natural materials; oxidation; oxides; oxyhydroxides; pH; Raman spectra; spectra; surface reactions; synchrotron radiation; X-ray spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(02)00957-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Natural realgar and amorphous AsS oxidation kinetics AN - 52003326; 2003-027736 AB - The oxidation rates of natural realgar and amorphous synthetic AsS by dissolved oxygen were evaluated using mixed flow reactors at pH 7.2 to 8.8 and dissolved oxygen contents of 5.9 to 16.5 ppm over a temperature range of 25 to 40 degrees C. The ratios of As/S are stoichiometric for all amorphous AsS oxidation experiments except for two experiments conducted at pH approximately 8.8. In these experiments, stoichiometric ratios of As/S were only observed in the early stages of AsS (am) oxidation whereas lower As/S ratios were observed during steady state. For realgar oxidation experiments, the As/S ratio is less than the stoichiometric ratio of realgar, ranging between 0.61 and 0.71. This nonstoichiometric release of As and S to solution indicates that realgar oxidation is more selective for S after the rates of oxidation become constant. All measured oxidation rates at 25 degrees C can be described within experimental uncertainties as follows: Rate Expression: R (sub Realgar/As)) = 10 (super -9.63(+ or -0.41)) [DO] (super 0.51(+ or -0.08)) [H (super +) ] (super -0.28(+ or -0.05)) --Activation Energy (kJ/mol): 64.2+ or -9.8; Rate Expression: R (sub (Realgar/S)) = 10 (super -9.74(+ or -0.35)) [DO] (super 0.54(+ or -0.05)) [H (super +) ] (super -0.31(+ or -0.04)) --Activation Energy (kJ/mol): 62.2+ or -9.0; Rate Expression: R (sub (AsS(am))) = 10 (super -13.65(+ or -0.82)) [DO] (super 0.92(+ or -0.08)) [H (super +) ] (super -1.09(+ or -0.10)) --Activation Energy (kJ/mol): 124+ or -18.8; where R signifies the steady-state oxidation rate (mol m (super -2) s (super -1) ), [DO] is dissolved oxygen concentration (M), and [H (super +) ] is the proton concentration (M). Arsenic (III) and As(V) are both present in solution, and As(III) is the dominant species in most experiments. Intermediate sulfur species besides sulfate, sulfite, and thiosulfate are the important products during realgar and AsS (am) oxidation. Comparison of realgar and AsS (am) oxidation rates shows that at similar conditions, the rates of AsS (am) are always faster by about a factor ranging from 2 to 38. The oxidation of realgar involves breaking bonds in the realgar crystal, whereas AsS (am) oxidation does not include crystallographic framework destruction due to the amorphous nature of the solid. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Lengke, Maggy F AU - Tempel, Regina N A2 - Becker, Udo A2 - Rosso, Kevin M. Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 859 EP - 871 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 67 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - chemical weathering KW - experimental studies KW - amorphous materials KW - pollutants KW - oxidation KW - natural materials KW - arsenic KW - pollution KW - mineral-water interface KW - weathering KW - realgar KW - laboratory studies KW - chemical reactions KW - metals KW - sulfides KW - stoichiometry KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - synthetic materials KW - pH KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52003326?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Natural+realgar+and+amorphous+AsS+oxidation+kinetics&rft.au=Lengke%2C+Maggy+F%3BTempel%2C+Regina+N&rft.aulast=Lengke&rft.aufirst=Maggy&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=859&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2802%2901227-9 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2001 Goldschmidt meeting, symposium on Advances in oxide and sulfide mineral surface chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - amorphous materials; arsenic; chemical reactions; chemical weathering; experimental studies; geochemistry; kinetics; laboratory studies; metals; mineral-water interface; natural materials; oxidation; pH; pollutants; pollution; realgar; stoichiometry; sulfides; synthetic materials; weathering DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(02)01227-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Arsenite adsorption on galena (PbS) and sphalerite (ZnS) AN - 52002790; 2003-027739 AB - Arsenite, As(III), sorption on galena (PbS) and sphalerite (ZnS) was investigated as a function of solution composition and characterized using X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). Adsorption conformed to a Langmuir isotherm except at the highest surface loadings, and it was not strongly affected by changes in ionic strength. Arsenite sorbed appreciably only at pH > approximately 5 for PbS and pH approximately 4.5 for ZnS, behavior distinct from its adsorption on other substrates. Arsenite adsorption on PbS and ZnS resulted in the conversion from As-O to As-S coordination. Arsenite does not adsorb through ligand-exchange of surface hydroxyl or sulfhydryl groups. Rather, it forms a polynuclear arsenic sulfide complex on ZnS and PbS consistent with the As (sub 3) S (sub 3) (SH) (sub 3) trimer postulated by for sulfidic solutions. This complex was unstable in the presence of oxidizing agents and synchrotron light--it quickly converted to As(V), which was largely retained by the surface. These data illustrate the complexity of As(III) adsorption to even simple sulfide minerals. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Bostick, Benjamin C AU - Fendorf, Scott AU - Manning, Bruce A A2 - Becker, Udo A2 - Rosso, Kevin M. Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 895 EP - 907 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 67 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - experimental studies KW - lead sulfides KW - arsenic KW - sphalerite KW - crystal structure KW - adsorption KW - X-ray spectra KW - XANES spectra KW - laboratory studies KW - galena KW - arsenites KW - chemical reactions KW - metals KW - zinc sulfides KW - surface reactions KW - spectra KW - crystal chemistry KW - sulfides KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - mineral surface KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52002790?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Arsenite+adsorption+on+galena+%28PbS%29+and+sphalerite+%28ZnS%29&rft.au=Bostick%2C+Benjamin+C%3BFendorf%2C+Scott%3BManning%2C+Bruce+A&rft.aulast=Bostick&rft.aufirst=Benjamin&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=895&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2802%2900959-6 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2001 Goldschmidt meeting, symposium on Advances in oxide and sulfide mineral surface chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 56 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; arsenic; arsenites; chemical reactions; crystal chemistry; crystal structure; experimental studies; galena; geochemistry; laboratory studies; lead sulfides; metals; mineral surface; pH; spectra; sphalerite; sulfides; surface reactions; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra; zinc sulfides DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(02)00959-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring fundamental reactions at NiAsS surfaces by synchrotron radiation X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; As and S air oxidation by consecutive reaction schemes AN - 52002732; 2003-027735 AB - Synchrotron X-ray photoelectron As 3d and S 2p spectra of gersdorffite reveal that the surface monolayer includes two types of surface anionic species, As-S dimers and As-S multimers (probably tetramers), the latter being the product of a polymeric surface reaction, implying that the surface undergoes some reconstruction. Monomeric states of S and As may also be present at the surface. Formation of the tetramers is energetically favored in that two dangling bonds are eliminated with formation of each tetrameric surface species. Reaction of air with NiAsS is initiated by oxidation of As surface species, which is rapid compared with oxidation of sulfur species. Oxidation of both As and S proceeds by production of numerous intermediate reaction products in which As and S display intermediate oxidation states. The abundances of sulfur and arsenic intermediate oxidation products initially increase, achieve maxima, then decrease as the final oxidation products (arsenate and sulfate) accumulate. These trends in abundance suggest that air oxidation of As and S proceeds by consecutive reaction schemes and that the elementary reactions of these schemes involve transfer of only one electron per reaction step. Sulfur is the most electronegative of the surface atoms, and the associated dangling bond likely contains a lone pair of electrons, thus imparting diamagnetic character to the surface atom. Arsenic surface atoms should have greater tendency toward paramagnetic character, and this may explain the greater rate of As oxidation during exposure of gersdorffite to the atmosphere. Air-oxidized fractured surfaces and polished surfaces of NiAsS rapidly develop an overlayer containing primarily As-bearing species in both reduced and oxidized forms. The oxidized overlayer is, by contrast, virtually devoid of S and Ni, demonstrating preferential diffusion of As from the bulk into the overlayer. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Nesbitt, H W AU - Schaufuss, A AU - Sciani, M AU - Hoechst, H AU - Bancroft, G M AU - Szargan, R A2 - Becker, Udo A2 - Rosso, Kevin M. Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 845 EP - 858 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 67 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - experimental studies KW - oxidation KW - arsenic KW - bonding KW - synchrotron radiation KW - laboratory studies KW - chemical reactions KW - arsenides KW - metals KW - sulfur KW - surface reactions KW - air KW - spectra KW - X-ray photoelectron spectra KW - crystal chemistry KW - sulfides KW - geochemistry KW - mineral surface KW - gersdorffite KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52002732?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Monitoring+fundamental+reactions+at+NiAsS+surfaces+by+synchrotron+radiation+X-ray+photoelectron+spectroscopy%3B+As+and+S+air+oxidation+by+consecutive+reaction+schemes&rft.au=Nesbitt%2C+H+W%3BSchaufuss%2C+A%3BSciani%2C+M%3BHoechst%2C+H%3BBancroft%2C+G+M%3BSzargan%2C+R&rft.aulast=Nesbitt&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=845&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2802%2900944-4 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2001 Goldschmidt meeting, symposium on Advances in oxide and sulfide mineral surface chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 43 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air; arsenic; arsenides; bonding; chemical reactions; crystal chemistry; experimental studies; geochemistry; gersdorffite; laboratory studies; metals; mineral surface; oxidation; spectra; sulfides; sulfur; surface reactions; synchrotron radiation; X-ray photoelectron spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(02)00944-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pyrite oxidation; a state-of-the-art assessment of the reaction mechanism AN - 52002449; 2003-027737 AB - The oxidation of pyrite to release ferrous iron and sulfate ions to solution involves the transfer of seven electrons from each sulfur atom in the mineral to an aqueous oxidant. Because only one or, at most, two electrons can be transferred at a time, the overall oxidation process is quite complex. Furthermore, pyrite is a semiconductor, so the electrons are transferred from sulfur atoms at an anodic site, where oxygen atoms from water molecules attach to the sulfur atoms to form sulfoxy species, through the crystal to cathodic Fe(II) sites, where they are acquired by the oxidant species. The reaction at the cathodic sites is the rate-determining step for the overall process. This paper maps out the most important steps in this overall process. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Rimstidt, J Donald AU - Vaughan, David J A2 - Becker, Udo A2 - Rosso, Kevin M. Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 873 EP - 880 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 67 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - sulfate ion KW - oxidation KW - mechanism KW - electrochemical properties KW - iron KW - ferrous iron KW - theoretical studies KW - chemical reactions KW - metals KW - theoretical models KW - surface reactions KW - pyrite KW - sulfides KW - geochemistry KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52002449?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Pyrite+oxidation%3B+a+state-of-the-art+assessment+of+the+reaction+mechanism&rft.au=Rimstidt%2C+J+Donald%3BVaughan%2C+David+J&rft.aulast=Rimstidt&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=873&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2802%2901165-1 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2001 Goldschmidt meeting, symposium on Advances in oxide and sulfide mineral surface chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 49 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical reactions; electrochemical properties; ferrous iron; geochemistry; iron; mechanism; metals; oxidation; pyrite; sulfate ion; sulfides; surface reactions; theoretical models; theoretical studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(02)01165-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Proximity effects on semiconducting mineral surfaces; II, Distance dependence of indirect interactions AN - 52002439; 2003-027743 AB - In a previous study, we described proximity effects on surfaces of the semiconducting minerals galena and pyrite, whereby a chemical reaction at one surface site modifies the reactivity of a remote surface site several Angstroms or even nanometers away (Becker et al., 2001). The modification of interest does not arise because of a direct "through space" interaction between the two sites, but rather an indirect interaction via the electronic structure of the substrate. Here we investigate the distance and direction dependence of proximity effects using quantum mechanical modeling. The direct and indirect interactions between co-adsorbed oxygen atoms and between adsorbed oxygen atoms and point defects on vacuum-terminated galena (100) surfaces were modeled. Density functional theory cluster and plane wave pseudopotential calculations were used to calculate the modifications to the adsorption energy as a function of separation. Energy-distance plots indicate that the proximity effect energy can become very strong at separations decreasing below about 5 to 6 Aa, and persist at increasing separations up to 12 Aa in a slowly decaying form. A strong attractive indirect interaction out-competes direct electrostatic repulsion for O-vacancy interactions. An oscillatory asymptotic behavior is found for co-adsorbed O-O indirect interactions, which indicates that the proximity effect energy can vary with surface crystallographic direction. It implies the presence of a strong organizing force on like adatoms that may explain the progressive oxidation of certain sulfide minerals by patchwork growth. These findings begin to pave the way for improved adsorption isotherms and extended surface complexation models that will include the specific influence of semiconductor-type proximity effects. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Rosso, Kevin M AU - Becker, Udo A2 - Becker, Udo A2 - Rosso, Kevin M. Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 941 EP - 953 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 67 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - oxygen KW - quantum mechanics KW - electrostatic properties KW - electrochemical properties KW - boundary conditions KW - point defects KW - galena KW - chemical reactions KW - semiconductors KW - theoretical models KW - surface reactions KW - crystal chemistry KW - sulfides KW - geochemistry KW - mineral surface KW - electrons KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52002439?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Proximity+effects+on+semiconducting+mineral+surfaces%3B+II%2C+Distance+dependence+of+indirect+interactions&rft.au=Rosso%2C+Kevin+M%3BBecker%2C+Udo&rft.aulast=Rosso&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=941&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2802%2900990-0 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2001 Goldschmidt meeting, symposium on Advances in oxide and sulfide mineral surface chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 51 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - SuppNotes - For reference to Part 1 see Becker, U., Rosso, K. M., and Hochella, M. F., Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta., Vol. 65, p. 2641-2649, 2001 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boundary conditions; chemical reactions; crystal chemistry; electrochemical properties; electrons; electrostatic properties; galena; geochemistry; mineral surface; oxygen; point defects; quantum mechanics; semiconductors; sulfides; surface reactions; theoretical models DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(02)00990-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - First principles studies of the surface of galena PbS AN - 52002408; 2003-027730 AB - Ab initio calculations of the surface structure and properties of the (001) surface of galena (PbS) have been performed using two complementary approaches. Both Gaussian and numerical basis functions have been utilized, as embodied within the programs CRYSTAL98 and SIESTA, with their associated implementations, in order to determine to what extent computational factors are influencing the results. Relaxations are presented based on calculations employing the HF, B3LYP, LDA, and GGA Hamiltonians. Significant relaxations (up to about 0.2 Aa) are found to occur at the surface which decay with increasing depth into the bulk. The magnitude of the relaxation oscillates between layers, leading to pairing, with Pb ions being displaced outwards (by approximately 0.05 Aa) relative to the S ions. We find that the LDA, GGA, and B3LYP Hamiltonians give results in reasonable agreement with each other, but that the structures computed with HF theory are vastly different. The present calculations also predict a surface core level shift of 0.3 eV for the sulphur 2p level at the surface itself, in excellent agreement with a recent experimental determination. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Muscat, J AU - Gale, J D A2 - Becker, Udo A2 - Rosso, Kevin M. Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 799 EP - 805 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 67 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - numerical models KW - data processing KW - crystal structure KW - computer programs KW - galena KW - CRYSTAL98 KW - digital simulation KW - theoretical models KW - SIESTA KW - crystal chemistry KW - sulfides KW - mineral surface KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52002408?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=First+principles+studies+of+the+surface+of+galena+PbS&rft.au=Muscat%2C+J%3BGale%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Muscat&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=799&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2802%2900978-X L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2001 Goldschmidt meeting, symposium on Advances in oxide and sulfide mineral surface chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - computer programs; crystal chemistry; crystal structure; CRYSTAL98; data processing; digital simulation; galena; mineral surface; numerical models; SIESTA; sulfides; theoretical models DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(02)00978-X ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Kinetics and mechanisms of the leaching of low Fe sphalerite AN - 52002392; 2003-027733 AB - The surface speciation and leaching kinetics of 38- to 75-mu m sphalerite (0.45 wt.% Fe) particles reacted in O (sub 2) purged perchloric acid (at pH 1.0) at 25, 40, 60, and 85 degrees C over a leach period of 144 h were investigated. In all cases, an initial rapid leach rate is observed followed by a slower leach rate. These two leach regimes can each be adequately modeled using straight-line interpolation, and thus two activation energies (E (sub a) ) have been derived. E (sub a) for the fast and slow Zn dissolution rates were 33+ or -4 kJ mol (super -1) and 34+ or -4 kJ mol (super -1) respectively, suggesting the same rate-determining step. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Weisener, C G AU - Smart, Roger St C AU - Gerson, Andrea R A2 - Becker, Udo A2 - Rosso, Kevin M. Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 823 EP - 830 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 67 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - mechanism KW - mass spectra KW - solution KW - iron KW - laboratory studies KW - activation energy KW - chemical reactions KW - surface reactions KW - spectra KW - X-ray photoelectron spectra KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - mineral surface KW - experimental studies KW - acids KW - acid mine drainage KW - sphalerite KW - pollution KW - mineral-water interface KW - metals KW - leaching KW - sulfides KW - chemical fractionation KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52002392?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Kinetics+and+mechanisms+of+the+leaching+of+low+Fe+sphalerite&rft.au=Weisener%2C+C+G%3BSmart%2C+Roger+St+C%3BGerson%2C+Andrea+R&rft.aulast=Weisener&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=823&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2802%2901276-0 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2001 Goldschmidt meeting, symposium on Advances in oxide and sulfide mineral surface chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid mine drainage; acids; activation energy; chemical fractionation; chemical reactions; experimental studies; geochemistry; iron; kinetics; laboratory studies; leaching; mass spectra; mechanism; metals; mineral surface; mineral-water interface; pH; pollution; solution; spectra; sphalerite; sulfides; surface reactions; X-ray photoelectron spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(02)01276-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A quantum chemical investigation of the oxidation and dissolution mechanisms of galena AN - 52002358; 2003-027732 AB - The oxidation and dissolution mechanisms of galena (PbS) remain uncertain with a wide variety of possible mechanisms having been proposed in the literature. In this study, the thermodynamic viability of some possible mechanisms has been tested using semi-empirical quantum chemical calculations applied to a perfect (001) galena surface. The adsorption of O (sub 2) and H (sub 2) O has been examined in both the gaseous and aqueous environments. In agreement with previous ab initio quantum chemical calculations, the surface induced dissociation of H (sub 2) O in either environment was found to be energetically unfavourable. However, the dissociative adsorption of O (sub 2) was found to be possible and resulted in two O atoms bonded to diagonally adjacent S atoms with the O atoms oriented along the diagonal. The adsorption of H (super +) and possible subsequent dissolution mechanisms have been examined in the aqueous environment. An anaerobic mechanism leading to the dissolution of hydroxylated Pb (super 2+) was identified. The mechanism involves the protonation of 3 surface S atoms surrounding a central surface Pb atom followed by substitution of this Pb by a further H (super +) . The activation energy of this mechanism was estimated to be nearly equal 100 kJ mol (super -1) . Pb (super 2+) dissolution could only occur with vacancy stabilisation by a H (super +) . The analogous mechanisms for systems comprising H (super +) adsorbed on either 2 or 4 of the S atoms surrounding a central surface Pb were not found to be energetically viable. Subsequent dissolution of one of the protonated S atoms to form H (sub 2) S (sub (g)) was not found to be possible thus indicating the likely formation of a Pb-deficient S-rich surface under acidic anaerobic conditions. Acidic aerobic dissolution has also been examined. Congruent dissolution to form H (sub 2) SO (sub 4) and Pb (super 2+) .6H (sub 2) O is energetically viable. The dissolution of one of the protonated S atoms neighbouring the Pb (super 2+) vacancy, resulting from the anaerobic dissolution, to form H (sub 2) SO (sub 4) , is also possible. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Gerson, Andrea R AU - O'Dea, Anthony R A2 - Becker, Udo A2 - Rosso, Kevin M. Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 813 EP - 822 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 67 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - water KW - COSMO model KW - oxygen KW - oxidation KW - data processing KW - mineral-water interface KW - adsorption KW - solution KW - activation energy KW - galena KW - chemical reactions KW - digital simulation KW - theoretical models KW - surface reactions KW - thermodynamic properties KW - sulfides KW - geochemistry KW - mineral surface KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52002358?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=A+quantum+chemical+investigation+of+the+oxidation+and+dissolution+mechanisms+of+galena&rft.au=Gerson%2C+Andrea+R%3BO%27Dea%2C+Anthony+R&rft.aulast=Gerson&rft.aufirst=Andrea&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=813&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2802%2901147-X L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2001 Goldschmidt meeting, symposium on Advances in oxide and sulfide mineral surface chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 42 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 7 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - activation energy; adsorption; chemical reactions; COSMO model; data processing; digital simulation; galena; geochemistry; mineral surface; mineral-water interface; oxidation; oxygen; solution; sulfides; surface reactions; theoretical models; thermodynamic properties; water DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(02)01147-X ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interlayer structure and dynamics of Cl-bearing hydrotalcite; far infrared spectroscopy and molecular dynamics modeling AN - 52001760; 2003-027617 AB - Comparison of the observed far-infrared (FIR) spectrum of Cl-containing hydrotalcite, [Mg (sub 3) Al(OH) (sub 8) ]Cl (sub 3) H (sub 2) O, to a power spectrum calculated using molecular dynamics (MD) computer simulation, provides a greatly increased understanding of the structure and vibrational dynamics in the interlayers of layered double hydroxides. Good agreement between the observed FIR band positions and the simulated power spectrum illustrates the capability of this combination of experimental and computational techniques to effectively probe the structure and dynamics of water in nano-pores and other confined spaces. The simulation model assumes an ordered Mg (sub 3) Al arrangement in the octahedral sheet and no constraints on the movement of any atoms or on the geometry and symmetry of the simulation supercell. Calculated anisotropic components of the individual atomic power spectra in combination with computed animations of the vibrational modes from normal mode analysis allow for reliable interpretations of the observed spectral bands. For the vibrations related to octahedral cation motions, bands near 145, 180, and 250 cm (super -1) are due dominantly to Mg vibration in the c direction (perpendicular to the hydroxide layers), Al vibrations in the c direction, and Mg and Al vibrations in the a-b plane (parallel to the hydroxide layers), respectively. The low frequency vibrational motions of the interlayer are controlled by a network of hydrogen bonds formed between interlayer water molecules, Cl (super -) ions, and the OH groups of the main hydroxide layers. The bands near 40-70 cm (super -1) are related to the translational motions of interlayer Cl (super -) and H (sub 2) O in the a-b plane, and the bands near 120 cm (super -1) and 210 cm (super -1) are largely due to translational motions of the interlayer species in the c direction. The three librational modes of interlayer water molecules near 390, 450, and 540 cm (super -1) correspond to twisting, rocking, and wagging hindered rotations, respectively. The spectral components of the interlayer Cl-motions are remarkably similar to those of bulk aqueous chloride solutions, reflecting the structural and dynamic similarity of the nearest-neighbor Cl (super -) environments in the interlayer and in solution. JF - American Mineralogist AU - Wang, Jianwei AU - Kalinichev, Andrey G AU - Amonette, James E AU - Kirkpatrick, R James Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 398 EP - 409 PB - Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC VL - 88 IS - 2-3 SN - 0003-004X, 0003-004X KW - models KW - mineral interlayer KW - chlorine KW - hydrotalcite KW - halogens KW - crystal structure KW - spectra KW - molecular dynamics KW - carbonates KW - infrared spectra KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52001760?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=Interlayer+structure+and+dynamics+of+Cl-bearing+hydrotalcite%3B+far+infrared+spectroscopy+and+molecular+dynamics+modeling&rft.au=Wang%2C+Jianwei%3BKalinichev%2C+Andrey+G%3BAmonette%2C+James+E%3BKirkpatrick%2C+R+James&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Jianwei&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=398&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Mineralogist&rft.issn=0003004X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ammin.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 53 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AMMIAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbonates; chlorine; crystal structure; halogens; hydrotalcite; infrared spectra; mineral interlayer; models; molecular dynamics; spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Surface alteration of arsenopyrite (FeAsS) by Thiobacillus ferrooxidans AN - 50299950; 2003-027744 AB - The surface of arsenopyrite was characterized after acidic, oxidative leaching in the presence of the bacterial species Thiobacillus ferrooxidans. Polished single-crystal grains of arsenopyrite were reacted for 1, 2, and 3 weeks with T. ferrooxidans suspended in a solution (pH 2.3) of essential salts (MgSO (sub 4) .7H (sub 2) O, [NH (sub 4) ] (sub 2) SO (sub 4) , KH (sub 2) PO (sub 4) , and KCl). Abiotic control experiments were conducted in identical solutions. Reaction between arsenopyrite and T. ferrooxidans in the essential salts solution produced a uniform solid FePO (sub 4) overlayer ( approximately 0.2 mu m thick) on the arsenopyrite surface within 1 week. The overlayer was detected visually by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and chemically by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). It could not be distinguished by energy-dispersive X-ray analyses. No overlayer formed in the abiotic control. The uniform thickness and lateral continuity of the overlayer suggest an inorganic origin promoted by bacterial production of Fe (super 3+) . Iron released from arsenopyrite was oxidized by bacteria and subsequently precipitated with PO (sub 4) (super 3-) (from the essential salts), forming ferric phosphate. After 2 and 3 weeks, SEM images revealed a roughened arsenopyrite surface, and XPS depth profiles indicated a progressively thicker phosphate overlayer and continued oxidation, diffusion, and dissolution of arsenopyrite beneath the overlayer. After only 1 week, the cells were isolated from the arsenopyrite surface by the uniform overlayer. Therefore, bacteria need not be attached to arsenopyrite to promote rapid reaction, and the mechanism of alteration at the arsenopyrite surface must have been inorganic. Because the delicate overlayer did not prevent continued alteration of arsenopyrite, FePO (sub 4) may not be an effective barrier to oxidation in the tailings environment. The FePO (sub 4) coating has likely formed in other experiments using these bacteria but was not detected because analytical techniques were not sufficiently surface sensitive to identify a separate, compositionally distinct overlayer. Some previous experimental results thus may be misleading or inapplicable to the tailings environment. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Jones, R A AU - Koval, S F AU - Nesbitt, H W A2 - Becker, Udo A2 - Rosso, Kevin M. Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 955 EP - 965 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 67 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - alteration KW - iron KW - laboratory studies KW - ferric iron KW - Acidithiobacillus KW - chemical reactions KW - Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans KW - arsenides KW - Thiobacillus KW - acidic composition KW - surface reactions KW - applications KW - spectra KW - X-ray photoelectron spectra KW - geochemistry KW - Bacillus KW - pH KW - mineral surface KW - experimental studies KW - oxidation KW - pollution KW - mineral-water interface KW - phosphate ion KW - biogenic processes KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - arsenopyrite KW - leaching KW - tailings KW - sulfides KW - SEM data KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50299950?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Surface+alteration+of+arsenopyrite+%28FeAsS%29+by+Thiobacillus+ferrooxidans&rft.au=Jones%2C+R+A%3BKoval%2C+S+F%3BNesbitt%2C+H+W&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=955&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2802%2900996-1 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2001 Goldschmidt meeting, symposium on Advances in oxide and sulfide mineral surface chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 45 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidic composition; Acidithiobacillus; Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans; alteration; applications; arsenides; arsenopyrite; Bacillus; bacteria; biogenic processes; chemical reactions; experimental studies; ferric iron; geochemistry; iron; laboratory studies; leaching; metals; mineral surface; mineral-water interface; oxidation; pH; phosphate ion; pollution; precipitation; SEM data; spectra; sulfides; surface reactions; tailings; Thiobacillus; X-ray photoelectron spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(02)00996-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High mass measurement accuracy determination for proteomics using multivariate regression fitting: application to electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. AN - 85235788; pmid-12585471 AB - Important factors that limit the mass measurement accuracy from a mass spectrometer are related to (1) the type of mass analyzer used and (2) the data processing/calibration methods used to obtain mass values from the raw data. Here, two data processing methods are presented that correct for systematic deviations when the mass of ions is measured using a time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometer. The first fitting method is one where m/z values are obtained from fitting peak distributions using double Gaussian functions. A second calibration method takes into account the slight nonlinear response of the TOF analyzer in addition to the drift in the calibration over time. Using multivariate regression, both of these two effects can be corrected for using a single calibration formula. Achievable performance was evaluated with a trypsin digestion of serum albumin and proteins from the organism D. radiodurans that was analyzed using gradient reversed-phase liquid chromatography combined with an electrospray ionization orthogonal TOF mass spectrometer. The root-mean-square deviation between the theoretical and experimental m/z values for serum albumin tryptic peptides was found to be 8 ppm using the double Gaussian-multivariate method compared to 29 ppm determined using linear calibration and normal peak centroiding. An advantage of the methods presented here is that no calibrant compounds need to be added to the mobile phase, thereby avoiding interference effects and signal suppression of analytes. JF - Analytical Chemistry AU - Strittmatter, Eric F AU - Rodriguez, Nestor AU - Smith, Richard D AD - Environmental and Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MSIN: K8-98, Richland, Washington 99352, USA. PY - 2003 SP - 460 EP - 468 VL - 75 IS - 3 SN - 0003-2700, 0003-2700 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85235788?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+Chemistry&rft.atitle=High+mass+measurement+accuracy+determination+for+proteomics+using+multivariate+regression+fitting%3A+application+to+electrospray+ionization+time-of-flight+mass+spectrometry.&rft.au=Strittmatter%2C+Eric+F%3BRodriguez%2C+Nestor%3BSmith%2C+Richard+D&rft.aulast=Strittmatter&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=460&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+Chemistry&rft.issn=00032700&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - eng DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An automated method of MFRSR calibration for aerosol optical depth analysis with application to an Asian dust outbreak over the United States AN - 51766509; 2005-007987 AB - Over the past decade, networks of Multifilter Rotating Shadowband Radiometers (MFRSR) and automated sun photometers have been established in the United States to monitor aerosol properties. The MFRSR alternately measures diffuse and global irradiance in six narrow spectral bands and a broadband channel of the solar spectrum, from which the direct normal component for each may be inferred. Its 500-nm channel mimics sun photometer measurements and thus is a source of aerosol optical depth information. Automatic data reduction methods are needed because of the high volume of data produced by the MFRSR. In addition, these instruments are often not calibrated for absolute irradiance and must be periodically calibrated for optical depth analysis using the Langley method. This process involves extrapolation to the signal the MFRSR would measure at the top of the atmosphere (I (sub lambda 0) ). Here, an automated clear-sky identification algorithm is used to screen MFRSR 500-nm measurements for suitable calibration data. The clear-sky MFRSR measurements are subsequently used to construct a set of calibration Langley plots from which a mean I (sub lambda 0) is computed. This calibration I (sub lambda 0) may be subsequently applied to any MFRSR 500-nm measurement within the calibration period to retrieve aerosol optical depth. This method is tested on a 2-month MFRSR dataset from the Table Mountain NOAA Surface Radiation Budget Network (SURFRAD) station near Boulder, Colorado. The resultant I (sub lambda 0) is applied to two Asian dust-related high air pollution episodes that occurred within the calibration period on 13 and 17 April 2001. Computed aerosol optical depths for 17 April range from approximately 0.30 to 0.40, and those for 13 April vary from background levels to >0.30. Errors in these retrievals were estimated to range from + or -0.01 to + or -0.05, depending on the solar zenith angle. The calculations are compared with independent MFRSR-based aerosol optical depth retrievals at the Pawnee National Grasslands, 85 km to the northeast of Table Mountain, and to sun-photometer-derived aerosol optical depths at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory in Golden, Colorado, 50 km to the south. Both the Table Mountain and Golden stations are situated within a few kilometers of the Front Range of the Rocky Mountains, whereas the Pawnee station is on the eastern plains of Colorado. Time series of aerosol optical depth from Pawnee and Table Mountain stations compare well for 13 April when, according to the Naval Aerosol Analysis and Prediction System, an upper-level Asian dust plume enveloped most of Colorado. Aerosol optical depths at the Golden station for that event are generally greater than those at Table Mountain and Pawnee, possibly because of the proximity of Golden to Denver's urban aerosol plume. The dust over Colorado was primarily surface based on 17 April. On that day, aerosol optical depths at Table Mountain and Golden are similar but are 2 times the magnitude of those at Pawnee. This difference is attributed to meteorological conditions that favored air stagnation in the planetary boundary layer along the Front Range, and a west-to-east gradient in aerosol concentration. The magnitude and timing of the aerosol optical depth measurements at Table Mountain for these events are found to be consistent with independent measurements made at NASA Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) stations at Missoula, Montana, and at Bondville, Illinois. JF - Journal of Applied Meteorology AU - Augustine, John A AU - Cornwall, Christopher R AU - Hodges, Gary B AU - Long, Charles N AU - Medina, Carlos I AU - DeLuisi, John J Y1 - 2003/02// PY - 2003 DA - February 2003 SP - 266 EP - 278 PB - American Meteorological Society, Boston, MA VL - 42 IS - 2 SN - 0894-8763, 0894-8763 KW - United States KW - sediment transport KW - clastic sediments KW - pollution KW - calibration KW - environmental analysis KW - measurement KW - spatial distribution KW - optical properties KW - atmospheric transport KW - Western U.S. KW - dust KW - sediments KW - aerosols KW - air KW - wind transport KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51766509?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Applied+Meteorology&rft.atitle=An+automated+method+of+MFRSR+calibration+for+aerosol+optical+depth+analysis+with+application+to+an+Asian+dust+outbreak+over+the+United+States&rft.au=Augustine%2C+John+A%3BCornwall%2C+Christopher+R%3BHodges%2C+Gary+B%3BLong%2C+Charles+N%3BMedina%2C+Carlos+I%3BDeLuisi%2C+John+J&rft.aulast=Augustine&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=266&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Applied+Meteorology&rft.issn=08948763&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://journals.ametsoc.org/loi/apme LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 26 N1 - PubXState - MA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-15 N1 - CODEN - JAMOAX N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerosols; air; atmospheric transport; calibration; clastic sediments; dust; environmental analysis; measurement; optical properties; pollution; sediment transport; sediments; spatial distribution; United States; Western U.S.; wind transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Two case studies of highly insoluble plutonium inhalation with implications for bioassay. AN - 75743262; 14526943 AB - Two well characterised Pu inhalation cases show some remarkable similarities between substantially different types of Pu oxide. The circumstances of exposure, therapy, bioassay data, chemical solubility studies and dosimetry associated with these cases suggest that highly insoluble Pu may be more common than previously thought, and can pose significant challenges to bioassay programmes. JF - Radiation protection dosimetry AU - Carbaugh, E H AU - La Bone, T R AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, MSIN P7-01, Richland, WA 99352, USA. gene.carbaugh@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 133 EP - 138 VL - 105 IS - 1-4 SN - 0144-8420, 0144-8420 KW - Air Pollutants, Radioactive KW - 0 KW - Oxides KW - americium oxide KW - 12005-67-3 KW - Plutonium KW - 53023GN24M KW - Americium KW - VW92PHU2UY KW - Index Medicus KW - Oxides -- classification KW - Radiation Dosage KW - Computer Simulation KW - Oxides -- analysis KW - Body Burden KW - Humans KW - Oxides -- urine KW - Oxides -- pharmacokinetics KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Metabolic Clearance Rate KW - Organ Specificity KW - Air Pollutants, Radioactive -- urine KW - Lung -- metabolism KW - Bone and Bones -- metabolism KW - Feces -- chemistry KW - Models, Biological KW - Air Pollutants, Radioactive -- analysis KW - Thorax -- metabolism KW - Plutonium -- pharmacokinetics KW - Americium -- urine KW - Plutonium -- classification KW - Inhalation Exposure -- analysis KW - Plutonium -- urine KW - Americium -- analysis KW - Radiometry -- methods KW - Plutonium -- analysis KW - Occupational Exposure -- analysis KW - Americium -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75743262?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.atitle=Two+case+studies+of+highly+insoluble+plutonium+inhalation+with+implications+for+bioassay.&rft.au=Carbaugh%2C+E+H%3BLa+Bone%2C+T+R&rft.aulast=Carbaugh&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=133&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.issn=01448420&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-12-05 N1 - Date created - 2003-10-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Minimum detectable dose as a measure of bioassay programme capability. AN - 75739530; 14526994 AB - This paper suggests that minimum detectable dose (MDD) be used to describe the capability of bioassay programmes for which intakes are expected to be rare. This allows expression of the capability in units that correspond directly to primary dose limits. The concept uses the well established analytical statistic minimum detectable amount (MDA) as the starting point, and assumes MDA detection at a prescribed time post-intake. The resulting dose can then be used as an indication of the adequacy or capability of the programme for demonstrating compliance with the performance criteria. MDDs can be readily tabulated or plotted to demonstrate the effectiveness of different types of monitoring programmes. The inclusion of cost factors for bioassay measurements can allow optimisation. JF - Radiation protection dosimetry AU - Carbaugh, E H AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA. gene.carbaugh@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 391 EP - 394 VL - 105 IS - 1-4 SN - 0144-8420, 0144-8420 KW - Cesium Radioisotopes KW - 0 KW - Radioactive Pollutants KW - Radioisotopes KW - Strontium Radioisotopes KW - Index Medicus KW - Cesium Radioisotopes -- analysis KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Radiation Dosage KW - Computer Simulation KW - Cesium Radioisotopes -- pharmacokinetics KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Body Burden KW - Humans KW - Radioactive Pollutants -- analysis KW - Strontium Radioisotopes -- pharmacokinetics KW - Radioactive Pollutants -- pharmacokinetics KW - Strontium Radioisotopes -- analysis KW - Inhalation Exposure -- analysis KW - North Carolina KW - Whole-Body Counting KW - Radioisotopes -- pharmacokinetics KW - Radioisotopes -- analysis KW - Radiometry -- methods KW - Models, Biological UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75739530?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.atitle=Minimum+detectable+dose+as+a+measure+of+bioassay+programme+capability.&rft.au=Carbaugh%2C+E+H&rft.aulast=Carbaugh&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=391&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.issn=01448420&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-12-05 N1 - Date created - 2003-10-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessments for high dose radionuclide therapy treatment planning. AN - 75735398; 14527031 AB - Advances in the biotechnology of cell specific targeting of cancer and the increased number of clinical trials involving treatment of cancer patients with radiolabelled antibodies, peptides and similar delivery vehicles have led to an increase in the number of high dose radionuclide therapy procedures. Optimised radionuclide therapy for cancer treatment is based on the concept of absorbed dose to the dose limiting normal organ or tissue. The limiting normal tissue is often the red marrow, but it may sometimes be the lungs, liver, intestinal tract or kidneys. Appropriate treatment planning requires assessment of radiation dose to several internal organs and tissues, and usually involves biodistribution studies in the patient using a tracer amount of radionuclide bound to the targeting agent and imaged at sequential timepoints using a planar gamma camera. Time-activity curves are developed from the imaging data for the major organ tissues of concern, for the whole body and sometimes for selected tumours. Patient specific factors often require that dose estimates be customised for each patient. In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration regulates the experimental use of investigational new drugs and requires 'reasonable calculation of radiation absorbed dose to the whole body and to critical organs' using the methods prescribed by the Medical Internal Radiation Dose (MIRD) Committee of the Society of Nuclear Medicine. Review of high dose studies shows that some are conducted with minimal dosimetry, that the marrow dose is difficult to establish and is subject to large uncertainties. Despite the general availability of software, internal dosimetry methods often seem to be inconsistent from one clinical centre to another. JF - Radiation protection dosimetry AU - Fisher, D R AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, WA 99352, USA. dr.fisher@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 581 EP - 586 VL - 105 IS - 1-4 SN - 0144-8420, 0144-8420 KW - Radioisotopes KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Bone Marrow -- metabolism KW - Guidelines as Topic KW - Bone Marrow -- radiation effects KW - Radiation Dosage KW - Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted -- trends KW - Radiometry -- trends KW - Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted -- methods KW - Radioisotopes -- therapeutic use KW - Radiotherapy, High-Energy -- methods KW - Radioisotopes -- pharmacokinetics KW - Radiometry -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75735398?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.atitle=Assessments+for+high+dose+radionuclide+therapy+treatment+planning.&rft.au=Fisher%2C+D+R&rft.aulast=Fisher&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=581&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.issn=01448420&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-12-05 N1 - Date created - 2003-10-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Eliminating bias in routine bioassay when there is an unknown time of intake. AN - 75733846; 14526982 AB - Routine bioassay programmes sometimes find evidence of an unsuspected intake. If there were no workplace indicators of exposure or intake, it is necessary to assume a value for the time of intake. Under these circumstances, the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) continues to recommend using the midpoint of the interval between routine bioassay measurements (ICRP Publication 78, paragraph 106). The assumption of T/2 as the time of intake, where T is the interval between bioassay measurements, represents the expectation value of the time of intake, (t), assuming uniform probability of an intake at any given time. This assumption results in a modest bias, of the expectation value of the intake, (I), that would have been received by a population of workers who had uniform probability over time of intake. This underestimation leads to a negative or positive bias in dose estimates derived in this fashion. The bias is characterised for realistic, routine urinalysis programs for Pu, U and 3H, as well as for in vivo measurements of 125I, 131I and 137Cs. Simple numerical methods are presented for correcting the bias. The bias is greatest for radionuclides whose half-lives are short with respect to the interval between bioassay measurements. Since the primary concern is estimating intake rather than time, the assumed time of intake should be chosen as t(I) rather than T/2. The ICRP should consider revising some of the tables in its Publication 78 to reflect this. JF - Radiation protection dosimetry AU - Strom, D J AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA. strom@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 339 EP - 340 VL - 105 IS - 1-4 SN - 0144-8420, 0144-8420 KW - Radioisotopes KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Radiation Dosage KW - Computer Simulation KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Inhalation Exposure -- analysis KW - Humans KW - Quality Control KW - Air Pollution, Radioactive -- analysis KW - Algorithms KW - Radioisotopes -- pharmacokinetics KW - Models, Statistical KW - Radioisotopes -- urine KW - Radioisotopes -- analysis KW - Radiometry -- methods KW - Models, Biological KW - Radiometry -- standards KW - Occupational Exposure -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75733846?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.atitle=Eliminating+bias+in+routine+bioassay+when+there+is+an+unknown+time+of+intake.&rft.au=Strom%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Strom&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=339&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.issn=01448420&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-12-05 N1 - Date created - 2003-10-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The wonders of magnetism. AN - 72888294; 12483660 AB - In this acceptance address for the Bioelectromagnetics Society's 2001 d'Arsonval Award, Dr. Tenforde reviews the highlights of the nonionizing field aspects of his research and scientific service career. These are focused in four areas: (a). development and application of microelectrophoretic methods to probe the surface chemistry of normal and cancerous cells; (b). research on the biophysical mechanisms of interaction and the dosimetry of static and extremely low frequency magnetic fields; (c). application of extremely high intensity magnetic fields in several spectroscopic methods for probing the detailed structures of large biological macromolecules; and (d). development of national and international guidelines for the exposure of workers and members of the general public to electromagnetic fields with frequencies spanning the entire nonionizing electromagnetic spectrum. JF - Bioelectromagnetics AU - Tenforde, Thomas S Y1 - 2003/01// PY - 2003 DA - January 2003 SP - 9 EP - 11 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Tenforde KW - United States KW - Societies, Scientific -- history KW - Molecular Structure KW - History, 20th Century KW - Societies, Scientific -- organization & administration KW - Occupational Exposure -- history KW - Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy -- history KW - Occupational Exposure -- standards KW - Research -- history KW - Humans KW - Electromagnetic Phenomena -- history KW - DNA -- radiation effects KW - Electromagnetic Fields -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72888294?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/TOXLINE&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Tenforde%2C+Thomas+S&rft.aulast=Tenforde&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+wonders+of+magnetism.&rft.title=The+wonders+of+magnetism.&rft.issn=01978462&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-06-20 N1 - Date created - 2002-12-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - People - Tenforde N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The formation of Sr silicates at low temperature and the solubility product of tobermorite-like Sr (sub 5) Si (sub 6) O (sub 16) (OH) (sub 2) 5H (sub 2) O AN - 52010347; 2003-024302 AB - The aqueous phase interaction of divalent Sr with silicate-containing solutions was studied over a range of pH values, dissolved silica, and Sr concentrations, and extending to basic solution (0.2 M NaOH) at room temperature (22-23 degrees C). Formation of an amorphous Sr silicate phase of variable composition was observed, beginning at approximately pH 10. The precipitate became quasi-crystalline at higher base concentrations and with aging time. The phase that formed at high base concentration (beginning at pH 11.5-12.0) was identified by total chemical analysis. X-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis to have a chemical formula of Sr (sub 5) Si (sub 6) O (sub 16) (OH) (sub 2) .5H (sub 2) O, with a tobermorite-like structure. The Sr (sub 5) Si (sub 6) O (sub 16) (OH) (sub 2) .5H (sub 2) O phase has not been previously reported. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis of alcohol-washed precipitates showed a fine granular structure similar to Ca silicate hydrates. De-ionized water washing of the precipitates resulted in dissolution and growth of surface phases with the classical "sheaf of wheat" nucleation structure previously identified only for Ca silicate hydrates. Solubility studies of the precipitates, which extended to 286 days of equilibration, yielded an estimate of the solubility product of quasicrystalline, tobermorite-like Sr silicate of Log K = -38.0+ or -0.7 for the overall reaction, 5H (sub 2) O + Sr (sub 5) Si (sub 6) O (sub 16) (OH) (sub 2) . 5H (sub 2) O = 5Sr (super 2+) + 6H (sub 3) SiO (super -) (sub 4) + 4OH (super -) . The first estimate of the association constant for the species SrH (sub 2) SiO (sub 4) (aq) of Log K = 2.86 was also made. JF - American Mineralogist AU - Felmy, Andrew R AU - Mason, Marvin J AU - Gassman, Paul L AU - McCready, David E Y1 - 2003/01// PY - 2003 DA - January 2003 SP - 73 EP - 79 PB - Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC VL - 88 IS - 1 SN - 0003-004X, 0003-004X KW - silicates KW - Sr-90 KW - alkaline earth metals KW - isotopes KW - tobermorite KW - aqueous solutions KW - solubility KW - temperature KW - radioactive waste KW - radioactive isotopes KW - phase equilibria KW - metals KW - low temperature KW - thermodynamic properties KW - strontium KW - pH KW - chain silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52010347?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=The+formation+of+Sr+silicates+at+low+temperature+and+the+solubility+product+of+tobermorite-like+Sr+%28sub+5%29+Si+%28sub+6%29+O+%28sub+16%29+%28OH%29+%28sub+2%29+5H+%28sub+2%29+O&rft.au=Felmy%2C+Andrew+R%3BMason%2C+Marvin+J%3BGassman%2C+Paul+L%3BMcCready%2C+David+E&rft.aulast=Felmy&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=73&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Mineralogist&rft.issn=0003004X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ammin.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AMMIAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; aqueous solutions; chain silicates; isotopes; low temperature; metals; pH; phase equilibria; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; silicates; solubility; Sr-90; strontium; temperature; thermodynamic properties; tobermorite ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Hanford; a conversation about nuclear waste and cleanup AN - 51910698; 2004-001357 JF - Hanford; a conversation about nuclear waste and cleanup AU - Gephart, Roy E Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH SN - 1574771345 KW - United States KW - hazardous waste KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - radioactivity KW - regulations KW - waste disposal sites KW - ecosystems KW - production KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - waste management KW - decontamination KW - Columbia River basin KW - nuclear weapons KW - ecology KW - discharge KW - solid waste KW - soils KW - protection KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - public awareness KW - Hanford Site KW - decision-making KW - preventive measures KW - aquifers KW - risk assessment KW - nuclear facilities KW - waste disposal KW - underground disposal KW - public health KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51910698?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Gephart%2C+Roy+E&rft.aulast=Gephart&rft.aufirst=Roy&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=1574771345&rft.btitle=Hanford%3B+a+conversation+about+nuclear+waste+and+cleanup&rft.title=Hanford%3B+a+conversation+about+nuclear+waste+and+cleanup&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 788 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Analysis of hydrogeologic conceptual model and parameter uncertainty AN - 51897339; 2004-011146 AB - A systematic methodology for assessing hydrogeologic conceptual model, parameter, and scenario uncertainties is being developed to support technical reviews of environmental assessments related to decommissioning of nuclear facilities. The first major task being undertaken is to produce a coupled parameter and conceptual model uncertainty assessment methodology. This task is based on previous studies that have primarily dealt individually with these two types of uncertainties. Conceptual model uncertainty analysis is based on the existence of alternative conceptual models that are generated using a set of clearly stated guidelines targeted at the needs of NRC staff. Parameter uncertainty analysis makes use of generic site characterization data as well as site-specific characterization and monitoring data to evaluate parameter uncertainty in each of the alternative conceptual models. Propagation of parameter uncertainty will be carried out through implementation of a general stochastic model of groundwater flow and transport in the saturated and unsaturated zones. Evaluation of prediction uncertainty will make use of Bayesian model averaging and visualization of model results. The goal of this study is to develop a practical tool to quantify uncertainties in the conceptual model and parameters identified in performance assessments. JF - Symposium on Groundwater quality modeling and management under uncertainty AU - Meyer, Philip D AU - Nicholson, Thomas J A2 - Mishra, Srikanta Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 PB - American Society of Civil Engineers, Reston, VA SN - 0784406960 KW - hydrology KW - Bayesian analysis KW - decommissioning KW - statistical analysis KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - fluid dynamics KW - models KW - transport KW - stochastic processes KW - sensitivity analysis KW - theoretical models KW - risk assessment KW - nuclear facilities KW - uncertainty KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51897339?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Meyer%2C+Philip+D%3BNicholson%2C+Thomas+J&rft.aulast=Meyer&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0784406960&rft.btitle=Analysis+of+hydrogeologic+conceptual+model+and+parameter+uncertainty&rft.title=Analysis+of+hydrogeologic+conceptual+model+and+parameter+uncertainty&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium on Groundwater quality modeling and management under uncertainty N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Columbia River flood basalts and the Yakima fold belt AN - 51869486; 2004-027603 JF - GSA Field Guide AU - Reidel, Stephen P AU - Martin, Barton S AU - Petcovic, Heather L A2 - Swanson, Terry W. Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 87 EP - 105 PB - Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO VL - 4 KW - United States KW - flood basalts KW - volcanic rocks KW - igneous rocks KW - field trips KW - road log KW - Cenozoic KW - volcanism KW - folds KW - basalts KW - Pasco Basin KW - tectonics KW - anticlines KW - faults KW - Washington KW - shear zones KW - textures KW - Columbia River Basalt Group KW - Hanford Site KW - deformation KW - Miocene KW - Tertiary KW - boreholes KW - Neogene KW - brecciation KW - Yakima fold belt KW - 16:Structural geology KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51869486?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GSA+Field+Guide&rft.atitle=The+Columbia+River+flood+basalts+and+the+Yakima+fold+belt&rft.au=Reidel%2C+Stephen+P%3BMartin%2C+Barton+S%3BPetcovic%2C+Heather+L&rft.aulast=Reidel&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=&rft.spage=87&rft.isbn=0813700043&rft.btitle=&rft.title=GSA+Field+Guide&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://fieldguides.gsapubs.org/content/by/year LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 58 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sects., strat. col., geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #05176 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anticlines; basalts; boreholes; brecciation; Cenozoic; Columbia River Basalt Group; deformation; faults; field trips; flood basalts; folds; Hanford Site; igneous rocks; Miocene; Neogene; Pasco Basin; road log; shear zones; tectonics; Tertiary; textures; United States; volcanic rocks; volcanism; Washington; Yakima fold belt ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Computational studies of mineral-water interfaces AN - 51849665; 2004-038643 JF - CMS Workshop Lectures AU - Rustad, J R AU - Dixon, D A A2 - Kubicki, J. D. A2 - Bleam, W. F. Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 26 EP - 100 PB - Clay Minerals Society, Evergreen, CO VL - 12 SN - 1521-740X, 1521-740X KW - silicates KW - experimental studies KW - empirical analysis KW - complexing KW - clay mineralogy KW - mineral-water interface KW - hydrolysis KW - bonding KW - electrochemical properties KW - clay minerals KW - hydroxides KW - chemical reactions KW - metals KW - chemical properties KW - oxides KW - sheet silicates KW - molecular dynamics KW - crystal chemistry KW - geochemistry KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51849665?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CMS+Workshop+Lectures&rft.atitle=Computational+studies+of+mineral-water+interfaces&rft.au=Rustad%2C+J+R%3BDixon%2C+D+A&rft.aulast=Rustad&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=&rft.spage=26&rft.isbn=1881208117&rft.btitle=&rft.title=CMS+Workshop+Lectures&rft.issn=1521740X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 184 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bonding; chemical properties; chemical reactions; clay mineralogy; clay minerals; complexing; crystal chemistry; electrochemical properties; empirical analysis; experimental studies; geochemistry; hydrolysis; hydroxides; metals; mineral-water interface; molecular dynamics; oxides; sheet silicates; silicates ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Biosphere-atmosphere interactions AN - 51841333; 2004-042966 JF - Atmospheric chemistry in a changing world; an integration and synthesis of a decade of tropospheric chemistry research AU - Scholes, Mary C AU - Matrai, Patricia A AU - Andreae, Meinrat O AU - Smith, Keith A AU - Manning, Martin R AU - Artaxo, Paulo AU - Barrie, Leonard A AU - Bates, Timothy S AU - Butler, James H AU - Ciccioli, Paolo AU - Cieslik, Stanislaw A AU - Delmas, Robert J AU - Dentener, Frank J AU - Duce, Robert A AU - Erickson, David J, III AU - Galbally, Ian E AU - Guenther, Alex B AU - Jaenicke, Ruprecht AU - Jaehne, Bernd AU - Kettle, Anthony J AU - Kiene, Ronald P AU - Lacaux, Jean-Pierre AU - Liss, Peter S AU - Malin, G AU - Matson, Pamela A AU - Mosier, Arvin R AU - Neue, Heinz-Ulrich AU - Paerl, Hans W AU - Platt, Ulrich F AU - Quinn, Patricia K AU - Seiler, Wolfgang AU - Weiss, Ray F A2 - Brasseur, Guy P. A2 - Prinn, Ronald G. A2 - Pszenny, Alexander A. Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 PB - Springer-Verlag, Berlin SN - 3540430504 KW - soils KW - land cover KW - biomass KW - human activity KW - atmosphere KW - ecosystems KW - vegetation KW - climate change KW - fires KW - biosphere KW - ecology KW - chemical composition KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51841333?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Scholes%2C+Mary+C%3BMatrai%2C+Patricia+A%3BAndreae%2C+Meinrat+O%3BSmith%2C+Keith+A%3BManning%2C+Martin+R%3BArtaxo%2C+Paulo%3BBarrie%2C+Leonard+A%3BBates%2C+Timothy+S%3BButler%2C+James+H%3BCiccioli%2C+Paolo%3BCieslik%2C+Stanislaw+A%3BDelmas%2C+Robert+J%3BDentener%2C+Frank+J%3BDuce%2C+Robert+A%3BErickson%2C+David+J%2C+III%3BGalbally%2C+Ian+E%3BGuenther%2C+Alex+B%3BJaenicke%2C+Ruprecht%3BJaehne%2C+Bernd%3BKettle%2C+Anthony+J%3BKiene%2C+Ronald+P%3BLacaux%2C+Jean-Pierre%3BLiss%2C+Peter+S%3BMalin%2C+G%3BMatson%2C+Pamela+A%3BMosier%2C+Arvin+R%3BNeue%2C+Heinz-Ulrich%3BPaerl%2C+Hans+W%3BPlatt%2C+Ulrich+F%3BQuinn%2C+Patricia+K%3BSeiler%2C+Wolfgang%3BWeiss%2C+Ray+F&rft.aulast=Scholes&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=3540430504&rft.btitle=Biosphere-atmosphere+interactions&rft.title=Biosphere-atmosphere+interactions&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Changes in the chemical composition of the atmosphere and potential impacts AN - 51840409; 2004-042965 AB - Changes in the chemical composition of the atmosphere and potential impacts on future atmospheric changes are discussed. They include sections on atmospheric chemistry and life on Earth; environmental issues and atmospheric chemistry; greenhouse gases, aerosols, and climate forcing; acidification and eutrophication; enhanced tropospheric ozone; depletion of stratospheric ozone; transport of toxic substances and nutrients; policy considerations; the atmosphere in the Earth system; global atmospheric chemistry and the IGAC (International Global Atmospheric Chemistry) project; past changes in atmospheric chemical composition; changing atmospheric composition during the upper Quaternary; causes of atmospheric changes; and impacts of changes in atmospheric composition. Ice cores from Greenland and Antarctica are compared. (mte) JF - Atmospheric chemistry in a changing world; an integration and synthesis of a decade of tropospheric chemistry research AU - Wuebbles, Donald J AU - Brasseur, Guy P AU - Rodhe, Henning AU - Barrie, Leonard A AU - Crutzen, Paul J AU - Delmas, Robert J AU - Jacob, Daniel J AU - Kolb, Charles E AU - Pszenny, Alexander A AU - Steffen, Will AU - Weiss, Ray F A2 - Brasseur, Guy P. A2 - Prinn, Ronald G. A2 - Pszenny, Alexander A. Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 PB - Springer-Verlag, Berlin SN - 3540430504 KW - public policy KW - Greenland ice sheet KW - global change KW - troposphere KW - paleoclimatology KW - hydrosphere KW - climate change KW - Cenozoic KW - Greenland KW - ozone KW - stratosphere KW - greenhouse effect KW - chemical composition KW - ice cores KW - Quaternary KW - Arctic region KW - atmosphere KW - nutrients KW - Antarctic ice sheet KW - Antarctica KW - biosphere KW - eutrophication KW - aerosols KW - acidification KW - 12:Stratigraphy KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51840409?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Wuebbles%2C+Donald+J%3BBrasseur%2C+Guy+P%3BRodhe%2C+Henning%3BBarrie%2C+Leonard+A%3BCrutzen%2C+Paul+J%3BDelmas%2C+Robert+J%3BJacob%2C+Daniel+J%3BKolb%2C+Charles+E%3BPszenny%2C+Alexander+A%3BSteffen%2C+Will%3BWeiss%2C+Ray+F&rft.aulast=Wuebbles&rft.aufirst=Donald&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=3540430504&rft.btitle=Changes+in+the+chemical+composition+of+the+atmosphere+and+potential+impacts&rft.title=Changes+in+the+chemical+composition+of+the+atmosphere+and+potential+impacts&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - An integrated view of the causes and impacts of atmospheric changes AN - 51837892; 2004-042967 JF - Atmospheric chemistry in a changing world; an integration and synthesis of a decade of tropospheric chemistry research AU - Brasseur, Guy P AU - Artaxo, Paulo AU - Barrie, Leonard A AU - Delmas, Robert J AU - Galbally, Ian E AU - Hao, Wei Min AU - Harriss, Robert C AU - Isaksen, Ivar S A AU - Jacob, Daniel J AU - Kolb, Charles E AU - Prather, Michael J AU - Rodhe, Henning AU - Schwela, Dieter AU - Steffen, Will AU - Wuebbles, Donald J A2 - Brasseur, Guy P. A2 - Prinn, Ronald G. A2 - Pszenny, Alexander A. Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 PB - Springer-Verlag, Berlin SN - 3540430504 KW - ozone KW - human activity KW - biosphere KW - agriculture KW - atmosphere KW - global change KW - chemical composition KW - climate change KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51837892?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Brasseur%2C+Guy+P%3BArtaxo%2C+Paulo%3BBarrie%2C+Leonard+A%3BDelmas%2C+Robert+J%3BGalbally%2C+Ian+E%3BHao%2C+Wei+Min%3BHarriss%2C+Robert+C%3BIsaksen%2C+Ivar+S+A%3BJacob%2C+Daniel+J%3BKolb%2C+Charles+E%3BPrather%2C+Michael+J%3BRodhe%2C+Henning%3BSchwela%2C+Dieter%3BSteffen%2C+Will%3BWuebbles%2C+Donald+J&rft.aulast=Brasseur&rft.aufirst=Guy&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=3540430504&rft.btitle=An+integrated+view+of+the+causes+and+impacts+of+atmospheric+changes&rft.title=An+integrated+view+of+the+causes+and+impacts+of+atmospheric+changes&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radiation effects in zircon AN - 51830681; 2004-043039 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Ewing, Rodney C AU - Meldrum, Alkiviathes AU - Wang, Lu Min AU - Weber, William J AU - Corrales, L Rene A2 - Hanchar, John M. A2 - Hoskin, Paul W. O. Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 387 EP - 425 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 53 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - silicates KW - density KW - data processing KW - crystal structure KW - recrystallization KW - NMR spectra KW - X-ray diffraction analysis KW - digital simulation KW - orthosilicates KW - X-ray analysis KW - spectra KW - zircon group KW - high-resolution methods KW - numerical models KW - radiation damage KW - diffractograms KW - zircon KW - mechanical properties KW - defects KW - TEM data KW - nesosilicates KW - computer programs KW - physical properties KW - optical properties KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51830681?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Radiation+effects+in+zircon&rft.au=Ewing%2C+Rodney+C%3BMeldrum%2C+Alkiviathes%3BWang%2C+Lu+Min%3BWeber%2C+William+J%3BCorrales%2C+L+Rene&rft.aulast=Ewing&rft.aufirst=Rodney&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=&rft.spage=387&rft.isbn=0939950670X&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 155 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - RMINDF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - computer programs; crystal structure; data processing; defects; density; diffractograms; digital simulation; high-resolution methods; mechanical properties; nesosilicates; NMR spectra; numerical models; optical properties; orthosilicates; physical properties; radiation damage; recrystallization; silicates; spectra; TEM data; X-ray analysis; X-ray diffraction analysis; zircon; zircon group ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Numerical modeling to assess DNAPL movement and removal at the Scenic Site Operable Unit near Baton Rouge, Louisiana; a case study AN - 51826568; 2004-056143 AB - Detailed three-dimensional multifluid flow modeling was conducted to assess movement and removal of dense nonaqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) movement at a waste site in Louisiana. The site's subsurface consists of several permeable zones separated by (semi) confining clays. In the upper subsurface, the two major permeable zones are, starting with the uppermost zone, the +40- and +20-MSL (mean sea level) zones. At the site, a total of 23,000 m (super 3) of DNAPL was emplaced in an open waste pit between 1962 and 1974. In this period, considerable amounts of DNAPL moved into the subsurface. By 1974 a portion of the DNAPL was removed and the waste site was filled with low-permeability materials and closed. During this process, some of the DNAPL was mixed with the fill material and remained at the site. Between 1974 and 2000, no additional DNAPL recovery activities were implemented. In an effort to reduce the DNAPL source, organic liquid has been pumped through a timed-pumping scheme from a total of 7 wells starting in calendar year 2000. The recovery wells are screened in the lower part of the waste fill material. In site investigations, DNAPL has been encountered in the +40-MSL but not in the +20-MSL zone. The following questions are addressed: (1) Where has the DNAPL migrated vertically and laterally? (2) How much further is DNAPL expected to move in the next century? (3) How effective is the current DNAPL pumping in reducing the DNAPL source? The computational domains for the simulations were derived from 3-D interpolations of borehole logs using a geologic interpretation software (Earthvision (super TM) ). The simulation results show that DNAPL primarily entered the subsurface in the period 1962-1974, when the waste site was operational. After 1974, the infiltration rates dropped dramatically as a result of the infilling of the waste pit. The simulation results indicate that DNAPL moved from the pit into the underlying +40-MSL zone through two contact zones at the west side of the pit. Lateral movement of the DNAPL body has been relatively slow as a result of the high viscosity and the rapidly decreasing driving force after the waste pit was filled in. For all simulations, lateral movement of DNAPL in the period 1962-2001 is predicted to be less than 60 m from the two contact areas, while additional movement in the next century is expected to be less than 30 m. No DNAPL is predicted to enter the +20-MSL zone, which agrees with site information. The simulations also clearly demonstrate the minimal effect of the current pumping scheme on source reduction and DNAPL movement. JF - International Journal of Phytoremediation AU - Oostrom, M AU - Thorne, P D AU - White, M D AU - Truex, M J AU - Wietsma, T W Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 901 EP - 926 PB - CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL VL - 12 IS - 6 SN - 1522-6514, 1522-6514 KW - United States KW - STOMP KW - contaminant plumes KW - spatial data KW - data processing KW - preferential flow KW - dense nonaqueous phase liquids KW - remediation KW - East Baton Rouge Parish Louisiana KW - visualization KW - sensitivity analysis KW - Baton Rouge Louisiana KW - EarthVision KW - Louisiana KW - interpretation KW - mobility KW - numerical models KW - three-dimensional models KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - models KW - computer programs KW - case studies KW - organic compounds KW - liquid waste KW - infiltration KW - steady-state processes KW - multiphase flow KW - risk assessment KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51826568?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Phytoremediation&rft.atitle=Numerical+modeling+to+assess+DNAPL+movement+and+removal+at+the+Scenic+Site+Operable+Unit+near+Baton+Rouge%2C+Louisiana%3B+a+case+study&rft.au=Oostrom%2C+M%3BThorne%2C+P+D%3BWhite%2C+M+D%3BTruex%2C+M+J%3BWietsma%2C+T+W&rft.aulast=Oostrom&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=901&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Phytoremediation&rft.issn=15226514&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~content=t713610150 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - PubXState - FL N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Baton Rouge Louisiana; case studies; computer programs; contaminant plumes; data processing; dense nonaqueous phase liquids; EarthVision; East Baton Rouge Parish Louisiana; infiltration; interpretation; liquid waste; Louisiana; mobility; models; multiphase flow; nonaqueous phase liquids; numerical models; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; preferential flow; remediation; risk assessment; sensitivity analysis; spatial data; steady-state processes; STOMP; three-dimensional models; United States; visualization; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Natural gas storage in basalt aquifers of the Columbia Basin; a guide to site characterization AN - 51795520; 2004-075427 JF - GasTips AU - Reidel, Stephen P AU - Johnson, Vernon G AU - Spane, Frank A Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 25 EP - 29 PB - Hart Publications for Gas Research Institute, Potomac, MD VL - 9 IS - 3 KW - United States KW - Washington KW - volcanic rocks KW - underground storage KW - engineering properties KW - site exploration KW - natural gas KW - igneous rocks KW - Columbia River Basalt Group KW - petroleum KW - gas storage KW - Miocene KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - Cenozoic KW - Tertiary KW - lava KW - Neogene KW - Columbia River basin KW - basalts KW - underground installations KW - Pasco Basin KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51795520?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GasTips&rft.atitle=Natural+gas+storage+in+basalt+aquifers+of+the+Columbia+Basin%3B+a+guide+to+site+characterization&rft.au=Reidel%2C+Stephen+P%3BJohnson%2C+Vernon+G%3BSpane%2C+Frank+A&rft.aulast=Reidel&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=25&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=GasTips&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.netl.doe.gov/scngo/Reference%20Shelf/GasTIPS/GasTIPS.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - PubXState - MD N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sect., block diag., geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04558 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; basalts; Cenozoic; Columbia River Basalt Group; Columbia River basin; engineering properties; gas storage; ground water; igneous rocks; lava; Miocene; natural gas; Neogene; Pasco Basin; petroleum; site exploration; Tertiary; underground installations; underground storage; United States; volcanic rocks; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High efficiency epithermal neutron detectors AN - 51437335; 2007-053918 JF - Abstracts - AAPG Mid-Continent Section Meeting AU - Bliss, Mary AU - Jordan, David V AU - Thesen, Howard AU - Pitts, W Karl AU - Sliger, William A AU - Knopf, Michael A AU - Todd, Lindsay C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 EP - unpaginated PB - American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Mid-Continent Section, Tulsa, OK VL - 2003 KW - detection KW - neutrons KW - neutron methods KW - geophysical methods KW - instruments KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51437335?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+-+AAPG+Mid-Continent+Section+Meeting&rft.atitle=High+efficiency+epithermal+neutron+detectors&rft.au=Bliss%2C+Mary%3BJordan%2C+David+V%3BThesen%2C+Howard%3BPitts%2C+W+Karl%3BSliger%2C+William+A%3BKnopf%2C+Michael+A%3BTodd%2C+Lindsay+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bliss&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=2003&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+-+AAPG+Mid-Continent+Section+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.searchanddiscovery.net/abstracts/pdf/2003/midcon/abs/ndx_bliss.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - AAPG Mid-Continent Section meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Aug. 18, 2006 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #06711 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - detection; geophysical methods; instruments; neutron methods; neutrons ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impacts of the Columbia River Hydroelectric System on Main-Stem Habitats of Fall Chinook Salmon AN - 20839637; 5689753 AB - Salmonid habitats in main-stem reaches of the Columbia and Snake Rivers have changed dramatically during the past 60 years because of hydroelectric development and operation. Only about 13% and 58% of riverine habitats in the Columbia and Snake Rivers, respectively, remain. Most riverine habitat is found in the upper Snake River; however, it is upstream of Hells Canyon Dam and not accessible to anadromous salmonids. We determined that approximately 661 and 805 km of the Columbia and Snake rivers, respectively, were once used by fall chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha for spawning. Fall chinook salmon currently use only about 85 km of the main-stem Columbia River and 163 km of the main-stem Snake River for spawning. We used a geomorphic model to identify three river reaches downstream of present migration barriers with high potential for restoration of riverine processes: the Columbia River upstream of John Day Dam, the Columbia-Snake-Yakima River confluence, and the lower Snake River upstream of Little Goose Dam. Our analysis substantiated the assertion that historic spawning areas for fall chinook salmon occurred primarily within wide alluvial floodplains, which were once common in the main-stem Columbia and Snake rivers. These areas possessed more unconsolidated sediment and more bars and islands and had lower water surface slopes than did less extensively used areas. Because flows in the main stem are now highly regulated, the predevelopment alluvial river ecosystem is not expected to be restored simply by operational modification of one or more dams. Establishing more normative flow regimes: specifically, sustained peak flows for scouring: is essential to restoring the functional characteristics of existing, altered habitats. Restoring production of fall chinook salmon to any of these reaches also requires that population genetics and viability of potential seed populations (i.e. from tributaries, tailrace spawning areas, and hatcheries) be considered. JF - North American Journal of Fisheries Management AU - Dauble, D D AU - Hanrahan, T P AU - Geist AU - Parsley, MJ AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Post Office Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, USA Y1 - 2003///0, PY - 2003 DA - 0, 2003 SP - 641 EP - 659 PB - American Fisheries Society, 5410 Grosvenor Ln. Ste. 110 Bethesda MD 20814-2199 USA VL - 23 IS - 3 SN - 0275-5947, 0275-5947 KW - Chinook salmon KW - Ecology Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Barriers KW - Anadromous species KW - Hydroelectric Plants KW - Man-induced effects KW - Cultured organisms KW - Freshwater KW - Habitat selection KW - Oncorhynchus tshawytscha KW - Migration KW - River fisheries KW - Population genetics KW - River Flow KW - Slopes KW - Commercial species KW - USA, Washington, Snake R., Little Goose Dam KW - Salmon KW - Rivers KW - USA, Snake R. KW - Spawning grounds KW - Habitat KW - snakes KW - population genetics KW - Aquatic Habitats KW - salmon KW - Hydroelectric power plants KW - Environment management KW - Surface water KW - Fish Hatcheries KW - USA, Columbia R. KW - Habitat improvement (physical) KW - flood plains KW - spawning KW - Models KW - upstream KW - Islands KW - Dams KW - USA, Columbia R., John Day Dam KW - Spawning KW - canyons KW - Salmon fisheries KW - Flood plains KW - Long-term changes KW - Nature conservation KW - SW 4070:Ecological impact of water development KW - O 4090:Conservation and Environmental Protection KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - Q3 08582:Fish culture KW - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality KW - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20839637?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=North+American+Journal+of+Fisheries+Management&rft.atitle=Impacts+of+the+Columbia+River+Hydroelectric+System+on+Main-Stem+Habitats+of+Fall+Chinook+Salmon&rft.au=Dauble%2C+D+D%3BHanrahan%2C+T+P%3BGeist%3BParsley%2C+MJ&rft.aulast=Dauble&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=641&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=North+American+Journal+of+Fisheries+Management&rft.issn=02755947&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Barriers; Anadromous species; Spawning grounds; Man-induced effects; Habitat improvement (physical); Cultured organisms; Habitat selection; River fisheries; Population genetics; Salmon fisheries; Flood plains; Dams; Long-term changes; Nature conservation; Hydroelectric power plants; Commercial species; Environment management; Islands; Spawning; Habitat; Migration; Models; population genetics; upstream; Surface water; salmon; flood plains; canyons; spawning; snakes; Salmon; Aquatic Habitats; Fish Hatcheries; Hydroelectric Plants; River Flow; Slopes; Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; USA, Snake R.; USA, Columbia R.; USA, Columbia R., John Day Dam; USA, Washington, Snake R., Little Goose Dam; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Measuring aerosols generated inside armoured vehicles perforated by depleted uranium ammunition AN - 19218611; 5799081 AB - In response to questions raised after the Gulf War about the health significance of exposure to depleted uranium (DU), the US Department of Defense initiated a study designed to provide an improved scientific basis for assessment of possible health effects on soldiers in vehicles struck by these munitions. As part of this study, a series of DU penetrators were fired at an Abrams tank and a Bradley fighting vehicle, and the aerosols generated by vehicle perforation were collected and characterised. A robust sampling system was designed to collect aerosols in this difficult environment and monitor continuously the sampler flow rates. The aerosol samplers selected for these tests included filter cassettes, cascade impactors, a five-stage cyclone and a moving filter. Sampler redundancy was an integral part of the sampling system to offset losses from fragment damage. Wipe surveys and deposition trays collected removable deposited particulate matter. Interior aerosols were analysed for uranium concentration and particle size distribution as a function of time. They were also analysed for uranium oxide phases, particle morphology and dissolution in vitro. These data, currently under independent peer review, will provide input for future prospective and retrospective dose and health risk assessments of inhaled or ingested DU aerosols. This paper briefly discusses the target vehicles, firing trajectories, aerosol samplers and instrumentation control systems, and the types of analyses conducted on the samples. JF - Radiation Protection Dosimetry AU - Parkhurst, MA AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA, maryann.parkhurst@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 167 EP - 170 VL - 105 IS - 1-4 SN - 0144-8420, 0144-8420 KW - depleted uranium KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Military KW - Occupational exposure KW - Aerosols KW - Weapons KW - Radioisotopes KW - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety KW - P 8000:RADIATION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19218611?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+Protection+Dosimetry&rft.atitle=Measuring+aerosols+generated+inside+armoured+vehicles+perforated+by+depleted+uranium+ammunition&rft.au=Parkhurst%2C+MA&rft.aulast=Parkhurst&rft.aufirst=MA&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=167&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+Protection+Dosimetry&rft.issn=01448420&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Radioisotopes; Occupational exposure; Risk assessment; Aerosols; Military; Weapons ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High-resolution super(1)H NMR spectroscopy in a live mouse subjected to 1.5 Hz magic angle spinning AN - 19204907; 5764627 AB - It is demonstrated that the resolution of the super(1)H NMR metabolite spectrum in a live mouse can be significantly enhanced by an ultraslow magic angle spinning of the animal combined with a modified phase-corrected magic angle turning (PHORMAT) pulse sequence. Proton NMR spectra were measured of the torso and the top part of the belly of a female BALBc mouse in a 2 T field while spinning the animal at a speed of 1.5 Hz. It was found that even in this relatively low field, with PHORMAT an isotropic spectrum is obtained with line widths that are a factor of 4.6 smaller than those obtained in a stationary mouse. It is concluded that in vivo PHORMAT has the potential to significantly increase the utility of super(1)H NMR spectroscopy for biochemical and biomedical animal research. JF - Magnetic Resonance in Medicine AU - Wind, R A AU - Hu, J Z AU - Rommereim, D N AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, robert.wind@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 1113 EP - 1119 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD UK, [mailto:customer@wiley.co.uk], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 50 IS - 6 SN - 0740-3194, 0740-3194 KW - BALB/c mice KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Magnetic resonance imaging KW - N.M.R. KW - Lasers KW - W4 150:Medical Imaging KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19204907?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Magnetic+Resonance+in+Medicine&rft.atitle=High-resolution+super%281%29H+NMR+spectroscopy+in+a+live+mouse+subjected+to+1.5+Hz+magic+angle+spinning&rft.au=Wind%2C+R+A%3BHu%2C+J+Z%3BRommereim%2C+D+N&rft.aulast=Wind&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1113&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Magnetic+Resonance+in+Medicine&rft.issn=07403194&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fmrm.10650 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Lasers; N.M.R.; Magnetic resonance imaging DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrm.10650 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of Physiologically Based Models of Pregnancy and Lactation for Their Application in Children's Health Risk Assessments AN - 18761787; 5637809 AB - In today's scientific and regulatory climates, an increased emphasis is placed on the potential health impacts for children exposed either in utero or by nursing to drugs of abuse, pharmaceuticals, and industrial or consumer chemicals. As a result, there is a renewed interest in the development and application of biologically based computational models that can be used to predict the dosimetry (or ultimately response) in a developing embryo, fetus, or newborn. However, fundamental differences between animal and human development can create many unique challenges. For example, unlike models designed for adults, biologically based models of pre- and postnatal development must deal with rapidly changing growth dynamics (maternal, embryonic, fetal, and neonatal), changes in the state of differentiation of developing tissues, uniquely expressed or uniquely functioning signal transduction or enzymatic pathways, and unusual routes of exposure (e.g., maternal-mediated placental transfer and lactation). In cases where these challenges are overcome or addressed, biological modeling will likely prove useful in assessments geared toward children's health, given the contributions that this approach has already made in cancer and non-cancer human health risk assessments. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to critically evaluate the current state of the art in physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) modeling of the developing embryo, fetus, or neonate and to recommend potential steps that could be taken to improve their use in children's health risk assessments. The intent was not to recommend improvements to individual models per se, but to identify areas of research that could move the entire field forward. This analysis includes a brief summary of current risk assessment practices for developmental toxicity, with an overview of developmental biology as it relates to species-specific dosimetry. This summary should provide a general context for understanding the tension that exists in modeling between describing biological proceses in exquisite detail vs. the simplifications that are necessary due to lack of data (or through a sensitivity analysis, determined to be of little impact) to develop individual PBPK or PD models. For each of the previously published models covered in this review, a description of the underlying assumptions and model structures as well as the data and methods used in model development and validation are highlighted. Although several of the models attempted to describe target tissues in the developing embryo, fetus, or neonate of laboratory animals, extrapolations to humans were largely limited to maternal blood or milk concentrations. Future areas of research therefore are recommended to extend the already significant progress that has been made in this field and perhaps address many of the technical, policy, and ethical issues surrounding various approaches for decreasing the uncertainty in extrapolating from animal models to human pregnancies or neonatal exposures. JF - Critical Reviews in Toxicology AU - Corley, R A AU - Mast, T J AU - Carney, E W AU - Rogers, J M AU - Daston, G P AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd., PO Box 999, MSIN P7-59, Richland, WA 99352, USA, rick.corley@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 137 EP - 211 VL - 33 IS - 2 SN - 1040-8444, 1040-8444 KW - man KW - pharmacodynamics KW - pharmacokinetics KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24250:Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18761787?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Critical+Reviews+in+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+Physiologically+Based+Models+of+Pregnancy+and+Lactation+for+Their+Application+in+Children%27s+Health+Risk+Assessments&rft.au=Corley%2C+R+A%3BMast%2C+T+J%3BCarney%2C+E+W%3BRogers%2C+J+M%3BDaston%2C+G+P&rft.aulast=Corley&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=137&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Critical+Reviews+in+Toxicology&rft.issn=10408444&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Computational Model for the Identification of Biochemical Pathways in the Krebs Cycle AN - 18754445; 5614758 AB - We have applied an algorithmic methodology which provably decomposes any complex network into a complete family of principal subcircuits to study the minimal circuits that describe the Krebs cycle. Every operational behavior that the network is capable of exhibiting can be represented by some combination of these principal subcircuits and this computational decomposition is linearly efficient. We have developed a computational model that can be applied to biochemical reaction systems which accurately renders pathways of such reactions via directed hypergraphs (Petri nets). We have applied the model to the citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle). The Krebs cycle, which oxidizes the acetyl group of acetyl CoA to CO sub(2) and reduces NAD and FAD to NADH and FADH sub(2), is a complex interacting set of nine subreaction networks. The Krebs cycle was selected because of its familiarity to the biological community and because it exhibits enough complexity to be interesting in order to introduce this novel analytic approach. This study validates the algorithmic methodology for the identification of significant biochemical signaling subcircuits, based solely upon the mathematical model and not upon prior biological knowledge. The utility of the algebraic-combinatorial model for identifying the complete set of biochemical subcircuits as a data set is demonstrated for this important metabolic process. JF - Journal of Computational Biology AU - Oliveira, J S AU - Bailey, C G AU - Jones-Oliveira, J B AU - Dixon, DA AU - Gull, D W AU - Chandler, M L AD - International Technology Assessments Group, National Security and Technology Division, National Security Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Msin K8-41, Richland, WA 99352, USA, jjo@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 57 EP - 82 VL - 10 IS - 1 SN - 1066-5277, 1066-5277 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 350:Bioinformatics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18754445?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Computational+Biology&rft.atitle=A+Computational+Model+for+the+Identification+of+Biochemical+Pathways+in+the+Krebs+Cycle&rft.au=Oliveira%2C+J+S%3BBailey%2C+C+G%3BJones-Oliveira%2C+J+B%3BDixon%2C+DA%3BGull%2C+D+W%3BChandler%2C+M+L&rft.aulast=Oliveira&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=57&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Computational+Biology&rft.issn=10665277&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coupled reactive mass transport and fluid flow: Issues in model verification AN - 18618770; 5526468 AB - Model verification and validation are both important steps in the development of reactive transport models. In this paper, a distinction is made between verification and validation, and the focus is on codifying the issues of verification for a numerical, reactive transport flow model. First, the conceptual basis of model verification is reviewed, which shows that verification should be understood as a first step in model development, and be followed by a protocol that assures that the model accurately represents system behavior. Second, commonly used procedures and methods of model verification are presented. In the third part of this paper, an intercomparison of models is used to demonstrate that model verification can be performed despite differences in hydrogeochemical transport code formulations. Results of an example simulation of transport are presented in which the numerical model is tested against other hydrogeochemical codes. Different kinetic formulations between solid and aqueous phases used among numerical models complicates model verification. This test problem involves uranium transport under conditions of varying pH and oxidation potential, with reversible precipitation of calcium uranate and coffinite. Results between the different hydrogeochemical transport codes show differences in oxidation potentials, but similarities in mineral assemblages and aqueous transport patterns. Because model verification can be further complicated by differences in the approach for solving redox problems, a comparison of a fugacity approach (based on O[sub]2 partial pressure) to both the external approach (based on hypothetical electron activity) and effective internal approach (based on conservation of electrons) is performed. The comparison demonstrates that the oxygen fugacity approach produces different redox potentials and mineral assemblages than both the effective internal and external approaches. JF - Advances in Water Resources AU - Freedman, V L AU - Ibaraki, M AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999 MSIN K9-36, Richland, WA 99352, USA, vicky.freedman@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003/01// PY - 2003 DA - January 2003 SP - 117 EP - 127 VL - 26 IS - 1 SN - 0309-1708, 0309-1708 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Case study KW - Mathematical Models KW - Case Studies KW - Groundwater flow KW - Geochemistry KW - Calibration KW - Model Testing KW - Model Studies KW - Solutes KW - Comparative studies KW - Calibrations KW - Solute Transport KW - Comparison Studies KW - Chemical Reactions KW - Groundwater Movement KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0840:Groundwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18618770?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.atitle=Coupled+reactive+mass+transport+and+fluid+flow%3A+Issues+in+model+verification&rft.au=Freedman%2C+V+L%3BIbaraki%2C+M&rft.aulast=Freedman&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=117&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.issn=03091708&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0309-1708%2802%2900106-9 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Case study; Comparative studies; Solutes; Geochemistry; Groundwater flow; Calibration; Mathematical Models; Calibrations; Comparison Studies; Solute Transport; Case Studies; Chemical Reactions; Model Testing; Groundwater Movement; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0309-1708(02)00106-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Tensorial Connectivity-Tortuosity Concept to Describe the Unsaturated Hydraulic Properties of Anisotropic Soils AN - 17652113; 6495278 AB - The anisotropy in unsaturated hydraulic conductivity is saturation dependent. Yet, there are few options for modeling this phenomenon in natural soils. A tensorial connectivity-tortuosity (TCT) concept is proposed to describe the unsaturated soil hydraulic conductivity. The TCT concept assumes that soil pore connectivity and/or tortuosity are anisotropic and can be described using a tensor. Saturation-dependent anisotropy can be easily invoked in common models of relative permeability by incorporating the connectivity tensor. Synthetic Miller-similar soils having hypothetical anisotropy are defined by allowing the saturated hydraulic conductivity to have different correlation range for different directions of flow. The TCT concept was tested using the synthetic soils with four levels of heterogeneity and four levels of anisotropy. The results show that the soil water retention curves were independent of flow direction but dependent on soil heterogeneity, while the connectivity-tortuosity coefficient is a function of both soil heterogeneity and anisotropy. The TCT model can accurately describe the unsaturated hydraulic functions of anisotropic soils and can be easily combined with commonly used relative permeability functions for use in numerical solutions of the flow equation. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Zhang, ZFred AU - Ward, Andy L AU - Gee, Glendon W AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland WA, fred.zhang@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 313 EP - 321 PB - Soil Science Society of America, 677 South Segoe Rd Maxison WI 53711 USA, [URL:http://www.soils.org/] VL - 2 IS - 3 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - SW 6020:Hydraulics KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17652113?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=A+Tensorial+Connectivity-Tortuosity+Concept+to+Describe+the+Unsaturated+Hydraulic+Properties+of+Anisotropic+Soils&rft.au=Zhang%2C+ZFred%3BWard%2C+Andy+L%3BGee%2C+Glendon+W&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=ZFred&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=313&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating Soil Hydraulic Parameters of a Field Drainage Experiment Using Inverse Techniques AN - 17651567; 6495272 AB - Accurate assessment of water flow and contaminant transport in unsaturated porous media at the field scale is often hindered by difficulties associated with obtaining reliable estimates of soil hydraulic properties. The unsteady drainage-flux method is one of the commonly used methods to measure in situ unsaturated hydraulic properties of soils. However, the properties obtained by this method using instantaneous profile data analysis may not be the best estimation of actual values of hydraulic properties. We present an improved analysis of the data from drainage experiments using inverse modeling, which uses nonlinear regression methods to estimate hydraulic parameters. Parameter identifiability is evaluated through sensitivity and uniqueness analyses. We used the combination of the inverse modeling program, UCODE, with the flow simulator, STOMP, for inverse modeling. Applying the inverse method to a field drainage experiment in sandy soil showed that all the van Genuchten (1980) hydraulic parameters could be estimated uniquely when both water content ([theta]) and pressure head (h) data were used. The parameter estimates by inverse technique using both [theta] and h data simulated the flow better than the parameter values obtained by the conventional instantaneous-profile analysis method. After the spatial and temporal sensitivities were analyzed, a more rational experimental design was recommended. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Zhang, ZFred AU - Ward, Andy L AU - Gee, Glendon W AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Hydrology Group, MSIN K9-33, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, fred.zhang@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 201 EP - 211 PB - Soil Science Society of America, 677 South Segoe Rd Maxison WI 53711 USA, [URL:http://www.soils.org/] VL - 2 IS - 2 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - SW 0840:Groundwater KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17651567?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Estimating+Soil+Hydraulic+Parameters+of+a+Field+Drainage+Experiment+Using+Inverse+Techniques&rft.au=Zhang%2C+ZFred%3BWard%2C+Andy+L%3BGee%2C+Glendon+W&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=ZFred&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=201&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Modified Vadose Zone Fluxmeter with Solution Collection Capability AN - 16197782; 6495310 AB - To assess contaminant fluxes in the vadose zone water flux and solute concentrations must be known but they are seldom measured simultaneously at the same location. A water fluxmeter (WFM) with divergence control was modified to measure solute concentrations by adding a funnel and collection vial to the bottom of the meter. Laboratory experiments using coarse and fine sands showed that measured solute concentrations and known water fluxes can be combined to provide estimates of solute flux. Water containing a NO super(-) sub(3) tracer was applied at a rate of 1.97 x 10 super(-8) m s super(-1) (621 mm yr super(-1)), and water flux was simultaneously measured along with NO super(-) sub(3) concentrations in the outflow water. The general agreement in fitted and measured pore-water velocities suggests that the breakthrough curves of NO super(-) sub(3) measured using the drainage through the WFM can be used to estimate the pore-water velocity of the soil. Solute travel-time through the 60-cm-long wick was <10% of the travel time through the sands and could be neglected. Flow divergence was examined by measuring the soil water content and pressure head at different positions and by measuring the water flux passing through and around the WFM. Divergence was controlled by a 15-cm-high barrier such that more than 80% of the flow passed through the fluxmeter in both soils. Results show that the modified SFM can provide a convenient method for long-term monitoring of contaminant flux. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Gee, Glendon W AU - Zhang, ZFred AU - Ward, Andy L AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 3200 Q Ave., Richland, WA 99352, glendon.gee@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 627 EP - 632 PB - Soil Science Society of America, 677 South Segoe Rd Maxison WI 53711 USA, [URL:http://www.soils.org/] VL - 2 IS - 4 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Travel KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Barriers KW - Path of Pollutants KW - British Isles, Scotland, Highland, Caithness, Wick KW - outflow KW - Soil Water KW - Soil KW - Solutes KW - Tracers KW - Sand KW - Pressure Head KW - water content KW - Soil Contamination KW - Laboratory testing KW - Drainage KW - Laboratories KW - Velocity KW - Monitoring KW - Fluctuations KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16197782?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=A+Modified+Vadose+Zone+Fluxmeter+with+Solution+Collection+Capability&rft.au=Gee%2C+Glendon+W%3BZhang%2C+ZFred%3BWard%2C+Andy+L&rft.aulast=Gee&rft.aufirst=Glendon&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=627&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; Tracers; Pollution monitoring; Laboratory testing; Sand; outflow; Velocity; water content; Travel; Barriers; Soil Contamination; Path of Pollutants; Laboratories; Drainage; Soil Water; Solutes; Pressure Head; Monitoring; Fluctuations; British Isles, Scotland, Highland, Caithness, Wick ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carbon Tetrachloride Flow Behavior in Unsaturated Hanford Caliche Material -- An Investigation of Residual Nonaqueous Phase Liquids AN - 16196155; 6495249 AB - At many contaminated sites, nonaqueous phase liquids (NAPLs) persist in the vadose zone for long periods of time. This occurs because the permeability of the NAPL becomes negligible at some saturation and downward movement ceases, resulting in residual NAPL. To obtain data that can be used to study the development of a residual NAPL saturation and to test corresponding models, a detailed transient experiment was conducted in a 170 cm long by 90 cm high by 5.5 cm wide flow cell. Fluid saturation measurements were obtained with a dual- energy [gamma] radiation system. The experimental conditions reflected those at the Hanford Site in Washington State, where an estimated 363 to 580 m super(3) of carbon tetrachloride (CCl sub(4)) was disposed to the subsurface. A key subsurface feature at the Hanford Site is a sloped Plio-Pleistocene caliche layer, which was reproduced in the experiment as a sloped lens in a medium-grained, uniform, sand matrix. The caliche contains considerable amounts of CaCO sub(3) and may have fluid wettability properties other than strongly water wet. A total of 800 mL of CCl sub(4) was injected into the experimental domain at a rate of 0.5 mL min super(-1) from a small source area located at the surface. After apparent static conditions were obtained with respect to CCl sub(4) redistribution, saturation measurements indicated that all of the dense nonaqueous phase liquids (DNAPL) that had initially moved into the caliche remained in this layer. Water was subsequently applied to the surface at a constant rate over the full length of the caliche layer to study CCl sub(4) displacement as a result of changing water saturations. Water saturation in the caliche layer rose to as high as 0.91 during water infiltration. Results show that 25% of the DNAPL present in the caliche migrated from this layer as a consequence of water infiltration, while 75% remained in the caliche layer. The experimental results could not be reproduced with numerical multifluid flow simulations based on common constitutive theory. This indicates that improvements in constitutive theory may be needed to accurately model air-DNAPL-water flow behavior. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Oostrom, M AU - Lenhard, R J AD - Environmental Technology Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MS K9-33, Richland, WA 99352, mart.oostrom@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 25 EP - 33 PB - Soil Science Society of America, 677 South Segoe Rd Maxison WI 53711 USA, [URL:http://www.soils.org/] VL - 2 IS - 1 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Model Testing KW - Wettability KW - USA, Washington KW - Permeability KW - Sand KW - Nonaqueous Phase Liquids KW - Nonaqueous phase liquids KW - Caliche KW - Simulation KW - Gamma radiation KW - Saturation KW - USA, Washington, Hanford Site KW - Model Studies KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - Behavior KW - USA, Washington, Hanford KW - Infiltration KW - Groundwater Movement KW - Gamma Radiation KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16196155?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Carbon+Tetrachloride+Flow+Behavior+in+Unsaturated+Hanford+Caliche+Material+--+An+Investigation+of+Residual+Nonaqueous+Phase+Liquids&rft.au=Oostrom%2C+M%3BLenhard%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Oostrom&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=25&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - nonaqueous phase liquids; Permeability; Behavior; Sand; Infiltration; Nonaqueous phase liquids; Simulation; Gamma radiation; Nonaqueous Phase Liquids; Caliche; Model Testing; Saturation; Wettability; Groundwater Movement; Gamma Radiation; Model Studies; USA, Washington; USA, Washington, Hanford; USA, Washington, Hanford Site ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spectroelectrochemical Sensing Based on Multimode Selectivity Simultaneously Achievable in a Single Device. 11. Design and Evaluation of a Small Portable Sensor for the Determination of Ferrocyanide in Hanford Waste Samples AN - 16167267; 5820641 AB - A portable spectroelectrochemical sensor has been designed, evaluated, and demonstrated on a complex sample of radioactive waste. The sensor consisted of a black delrin sample compartment with a total internal sample volume of 800 mu L, attached to an indium tin oxide coated glass multiple internal reflection optical element. Detection was by total internal reflection of light from a blue light emitting diode source. After a 10 min uptake for each standard, the sensor showed a linear response in absorbance change for 5 x 10 super(-5) to 5 x 10 super(-3) M ferrocyanide with electrochemical modulation by scanning at 20 mV/s from -0.30 V to +0.55 V vs a Ag/AgCl reference electrode. Due to the complex nature of Hanford radioactive tank waste samples containing ferrocyanide, a standard addition method was developed for analysis. The spectroelectrochemical sensor determined a concentration of 9.2 mM ferrocyanide for U-Plant-2 simulant solution containing 9.38 mM ferrocyanide that was prepared according to Hanford process flowsheets. A radioactive tank waste sample from Hanford Tank 241-C-112 was determined to be 1.0 mM in ferrocyanide using the spectroelectrochemical sensor. A value for the ferrocyanide concentration in the sample of 0.61 mM was determined by FTIR spectroscopy. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Stegemiller, M L AU - Heineman, W R AU - Seliskar, C J AU - Ridgway, TH AU - Bryan, SA AU - Hubler, T AU - Sell, R L AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Battelle Boulevard, P.O. Box 999, MS P7-25, Richland, Washington 99352, USA, william.heineman@uc.edu Y1 - 2003/01/01/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Jan 01 SP - 123 EP - 130 VL - 37 IS - 1 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - ferrocyanide KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts KW - Environmental monitoring KW - Cyanides KW - Electrical equipment KW - Sensors KW - Instruments KW - Wastes KW - Radioactive wastes KW - Sampling instruments KW - USA, Washington, Hanford Site KW - Optical analysis KW - Cyanide KW - Indium KW - USA, Washington, Hanford KW - Iron compounds KW - Uptake KW - Electrochemistry KW - P 8000:RADIATION KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16167267?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Spectroelectrochemical+Sensing+Based+on+Multimode+Selectivity+Simultaneously+Achievable+in+a+Single+Device.+11.+Design+and+Evaluation+of+a+Small+Portable+Sensor+for+the+Determination+of+Ferrocyanide+in+Hanford+Waste+Samples&rft.au=Stegemiller%2C+M+L%3BHeineman%2C+W+R%3BSeliskar%2C+C+J%3BRidgway%2C+TH%3BBryan%2C+SA%3BHubler%2C+T%3BSell%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Stegemiller&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=123&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fes020601l LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Environmental monitoring; Cyanides; Sensors; Electrical equipment; Instruments; Indium; Radioactive wastes; Iron compounds; Wastes; Uptake; Electrochemistry; Optical analysis; Cyanide; Sampling instruments; USA, Washington, Hanford; USA, Washington, Hanford Site DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es020601l ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Solution structure of the yeast ubiquitin-like modifier protein Hub1 AN - 1034813867; 17027065 AB - abbreviationsUBL, ubiquitin-like modifier; Saccharomyces cerevisiae, S. cerevisiae; Eschericia coli, E. coli; NMR, nuclear magnetic resonance; NOE, nuclear Overhauser enhancement; NOESY, NOE spectroscopy; TOCSY, total correlated spectroscopy. JF - Journal of Structural and Functional Genomics AU - Ramelot, Theresa A AU - Cort, John R AU - Yee, Adelinda A AU - Semesi, Anthony AU - Edwards, Aled M AU - Arrowsmith, Cheryl H AU - Kennedy, Michael A AD - Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, 99352, USA Y1 - 2003/01// PY - 2003 DA - Jan 2003 SP - 25 EP - 30 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 4 IS - 1 SN - 1345-711X, 1345-711X KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - N.M.R. KW - Spectroscopy KW - Structure-function relationships KW - Escherichia coli KW - Saccharomyces cerevisiae KW - K 03330:Biochemistry KW - W 30910:Imaging KW - G 07780:Fungi UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1034813867?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Structural+and+Functional+Genomics&rft.atitle=Solution+structure+of+the+yeast+ubiquitin-like+modifier+protein+Hub1&rft.au=Ramelot%2C+Theresa+A%3BCort%2C+John+R%3BYee%2C+Adelinda+A%3BSemesi%2C+Anthony%3BEdwards%2C+Aled+M%3BArrowsmith%2C+Cheryl+H%3BKennedy%2C+Michael+A&rft.aulast=Ramelot&rft.aufirst=Theresa&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=25&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Structural+and+Functional+Genomics&rft.issn=1345711X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1023%2FA%3A1024674220425 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Structure-function relationships; N.M.R.; Spectroscopy; Escherichia coli; Saccharomyces cerevisiae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1024674220425 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular Structure of the Outer Bacterial Membrane of Pseudomonas aeruginosa via Classical Simulation AN - 18775683; 5639825 AB - A detailed structural analysis has been performed of the outer bacterial membrane of Pseudomonas aeruginosa using a parameterized classical simulation model with modest modifications. The structural analysis of the membrane is presented and newly discovered characteristics of the membrane are discussed. Simulations indicate that the relative contribution of different ligands to calcium ion coordination varies across the membrane, while maintaining a constant average coordination number of 6.1. Water penetrates the surface of the membrane to a depth of about 30 AA. The hydration of ions and phosphate groups is shown to depend on location within the membrane. A measure of saccharide residue orientation is defined and average orientations are presented. Saccharide residues possess varying degrees of motion with a trend of greater mobility at the membrane surface. However, their motion is limited and even in the membrane outer core region the average structure appears fairly rigid over a period of 1 ns. JF - Biopolymers AU - Shroll, R M AU - Straatsma, T P AD - Computational Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Biology Group, Theory, Modeling, and Simulation, Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland, WA 99352, USA, tps@pnl.gov Y1 - 2002/12/15/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Dec 15 SP - 395 EP - 407 VL - 65 IS - 6 SN - 0006-3525, 0006-3525 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - J 02721:Cell cycle, morphology and motility UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18775683?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biopolymers&rft.atitle=Molecular+Structure+of+the+Outer+Bacterial+Membrane+of+Pseudomonas+aeruginosa+via+Classical+Simulation&rft.au=Shroll%2C+R+M%3BStraatsma%2C+T+P&rft.aulast=Shroll&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2002-12-15&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=395&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biopolymers&rft.issn=00063525&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fbip.10279 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.10279 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantitative time-resolved monitoring of nitrate formation in sea salt particles using a CCSEM/EDX single particle analysis. AN - 72817796; 12523405 AB - Progress of the nitrate formation in individual sea salt particles was detected as a function of time using aerosol samples collected during the TexAQS 2080 experiment We demonstrate that the time-resolved collection approach coupled with the automated EDX single particle analysis made it possible to follow in detail the time evolution of sea salt particles within a diverse aerosol mixture. Using a custom built Time-Resolved Aerosol Collector (TRAC), particulate samples were taken sequentially on grid-supported 50 nm carbon films with a time resolution of 10 min between two consecutive samples. The samples were analyzed in the laboratory using Computer Controlled Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy-Dispersed analysis of X-rays (CCSEM/EDX). Between midnight of 08/16/00 and the early morning of 08/17/00, a steady, particularly sea salt rich aerosol was observed at the measurement site, which later showed the effects of atmospheric processing. During the night of 08/17/00 the sea salt particles were almost unprocessed, having elemental composition close to that of seawater. By 12 noon, the evolving atmosphere was able to completely convert them, predominantly to sodium nitrate particles. During the next night this process had nearly stopped and fairly virgin sea salt particles appeared again. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Laskin, Alexander AU - Iedema, Martin J AU - Cowin, James P AD - William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MSIN K8-88, Richland, Washington 99352, USA. Alexander.Laskin@pnl.gov Y1 - 2002/12/01/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Dec 01 SP - 4948 EP - 4955 VL - 36 IS - 23 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Aerosols KW - 0 KW - Air Pollutants KW - Nitrates KW - Sodium Chloride KW - 451W47IQ8X KW - Index Medicus KW - X-Rays KW - Particle Size KW - Microscopy, Electron, Scanning KW - Sodium Chloride -- chemistry KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis KW - Nitrates -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72817796?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Quantitative+time-resolved+monitoring+of+nitrate+formation+in+sea+salt+particles+using+a+CCSEM%2FEDX+single+particle+analysis.&rft.au=Laskin%2C+Alexander%3BIedema%2C+Martin+J%3BCowin%2C+James+P&rft.aulast=Laskin&rft.aufirst=Alexander&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=4948&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-04-09 N1 - Date created - 2003-01-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In situ treatment of chromium-contaminated groundwater. AN - 72816765; 12523403 JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Fruchter, Jonathan AD - Environmental Technology Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Wash, USA. john.fruchter@pnl.gov Y1 - 2002/12/01/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Dec 01 SP - 464A EP - 472A VL - 36 IS - 23 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Carcinogens, Environmental KW - 0 KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Water Pollutants KW - Chromium KW - 0R0008Q3JB KW - chromium hexavalent ion KW - 18540-29-9 KW - Index Medicus KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Soil Microbiology KW - Permeability KW - Geologic Sediments -- chemistry KW - Water Movements KW - Cost Control KW - Chemical Precipitation KW - Biodegradation, Environmental KW - Electrochemistry KW - Water Pollutants -- analysis KW - Engineering KW - Water Pollution -- economics KW - Water Pollutants -- metabolism KW - Chromium -- chemistry KW - Chromium -- analysis KW - Carcinogens, Environmental -- metabolism KW - Chromium -- metabolism KW - Water Pollution -- prevention & control KW - Carcinogens, Environmental -- analysis KW - Soil Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72816765?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=In+situ+treatment+of+chromium-contaminated+groundwater.&rft.au=Fruchter%2C+Jonathan&rft.aulast=Fruchter&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=464A&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-04-09 N1 - Date created - 2003-01-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modulation of JB6 mouse epidermal cell transformation response by the prostaglandin F2alpha receptor. AN - 72778647; 12489107 AB - Prostaglandin F(2alpha) (PGF(2alpha)) modulates clonal selection processes in the mouse skin model of carcinogenesis. In this study we investigated whether JB6 mouse epidermal cells expressed a functional PGF(2alpha) receptor (FP) coupled with a cell-transformation response. Treatment of JB6 cells with an FP agonist (fluprostenol) potently (pM-nM) increased anchorage-dependent and anchorage-independent growth. Inositol phospholipid accumulation and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk) activity were increased in cells treated with FP agonists, consistent with established FP-related signal transduction. FP mRNA was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and the average specific [(3)H]PGF(2alpha) binding was 8.25 +/- 0.95 fmol/mg protein. Erk activity and colony size were increased by cotreatment of JB6 cells with epidermal growth factor (EGF) and fluprostenol to a greater extent than with either treatment alone, whereas the cotreatment effect on colony number appeared to be simply additive. Collectively, our data indicated that JB6 cells expressed a functional FP coupled with transformation-related signal transduction and the regulation of clonal selection processes. Erk activity appears to be a convergence point in the EGF and FP pathways. The data raise the possibility that the FP contributes to clonal selection processes but probably plays a more important role as a response modifier. JF - Molecular carcinogenesis AU - Weber, Thomas J AU - Markillie, Lye M AU - Chrisler, William B AU - Vielhauer, George A AU - Regan, John W AD - Molecular Biosciences, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA. Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - December 2002 SP - 163 EP - 172 VL - 35 IS - 4 SN - 0899-1987, 0899-1987 KW - DNA Primers KW - 0 KW - Receptors, Prostaglandin KW - prostaglandin F2alpha receptor KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Base Sequence KW - Mice KW - Radioligand Assay KW - Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Epidermis -- pathology KW - Receptors, Prostaglandin -- physiology KW - Cell Transformation, Neoplastic UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72778647?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=Modulation+of+JB6+mouse+epidermal+cell+transformation+response+by+the+prostaglandin+F2alpha+receptor.&rft.au=Weber%2C+Thomas+J%3BMarkillie%2C+Lye+M%3BChrisler%2C+William+B%3BVielhauer%2C+George+A%3BRegan%2C+John+W&rft.aulast=Weber&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=163&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+carcinogenesis&rft.issn=08991987&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-01-23 N1 - Date created - 2002-12-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Outer-sphere electron transfer kinetics of metal ion oxidation by molecular oxygen AN - 52026013; 2003-011146 AB - Density functional theory molecular orbital calculations and Marcus theory have been combined to assess the rates and physicochemical factors controlling the outer-sphere oxidation of divalent V, Cr, Mn, Fe, and Co aquo and hydroxo ions by O (sub 2) in homogeneous aqueous solution. Key quantities in the elementary oxidation step include the inner-sphere component of the reorganization energy, the thermodynamic driving force, and electrostatic work terms describing the interactions occurring, in this case, between the net charges on the product species. Collectively, these factors and their interplay have a large influence on the rate of the oxidation cross-reaction.An inner-sphere pathway for the self-exchange reactions and oxidation by O (sub 2) of Mn (super 2+) and Cr (super 2+) ions has been supported indirectly in this study by comparing predicted outer-sphere rates with the results of previous experiments. Likewise, an outer-sphere pathway is suggested for the similar sets of reactions involving the V, Fe, and Co ions. An assessment of the self-exchange reaction for the oxygen/superoxide couple has led to predicted rates in excellent agreement with direct measurements. Predicted rates of oxidation for the hexaquo Fe ion are also in agreement with experiment, while the predicted rates for the outer-sphere oxidation of its hydrolysis products are approximately 2 to 3 (monohydroxo) and approximately 4 (dihydroxo) orders of magnitude slower than the observed rates. This suggests an inner-sphere pathway is appropriate to explain the relatively fast rates observed for the hydrolyzed Fe species. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Rosso, Kevin M AU - Morgan, James J Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - December 2002 SP - 4223 EP - 4233 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 66 IS - 24 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - oxygen KW - cobalt KW - physicochemical properties KW - oxidation KW - hydrolysis KW - electrostatic properties KW - aqueous solutions KW - manganese KW - iron KW - theoretical studies KW - vanadium KW - chemical reactions KW - metals KW - ion exchange KW - thermodynamic properties KW - geochemistry KW - Eh KW - chromium KW - electrons KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52026013?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Outer-sphere+electron+transfer+kinetics+of+metal+ion+oxidation+by+molecular+oxygen&rft.au=Rosso%2C+Kevin+M%3BMorgan%2C+James+J&rft.aulast=Rosso&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=24&rft.spage=4223&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2802%2901040-2 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 79 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aqueous solutions; chemical reactions; chromium; cobalt; Eh; electrons; electrostatic properties; geochemistry; hydrolysis; ion exchange; iron; manganese; metals; oxidation; oxygen; physicochemical properties; theoretical studies; thermodynamic properties; vanadium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(02)01040-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Worden Meteorite; a new ordinary chondrite fall from Michigan, USA AN - 52007970; 2003-024486 AB - An ordinary chondrite fall in southeast Michigan, USA (near the crossroads hamlet of Worden in northeast Washtenaw County) penetrated the garage roof of a private home on 1997 September 1. The Worden chondrite comprises silicate matrix, mineral fragments, chondrules, chondrule fragments, and opaque primary phases. Electron microprobe analyses (olivine, Fa (sub 23.9) ; orthopyroxene, Fs (sub 20.1) , En (sub 78.8) , Wo (sub 1) ) indicate diagnostic L-chondrite silicate mineral compositions. Recognizable chondrules and chondrule fragments constitute up to 42 vol%. Chondrule boundaries are readily discernable (especially where chondrules have rims of opaque material) but not sharp, and discrete plagioclase crystals are visible in the devitrified mesostasis of barred olivine chondrules; together, these characteristics suggest petrologic type 5. The spatially averaged ensemble of shock-related features (optical extinction of olivine grains, minor localized shock melt) suggests assignment of a shock stage of S3. The (super 26) Al and (super 22) Na activities are typical for an L chondrite. Worden fell near the most recent solar minimum in 1997, and the (super 22) Na production rate should have been at a level approaching the maximum levels due to solar modulation of the galactic cosmic-ray flux. The low value for the Worden (super 22) Na activity relative to those observed in chondrite falls associated with the 1969 solar maximum and 1976 solar minimum suggests a relatively small preatmospheric size. The (super 60) Co activity confirms the indication of a small body. The (super 56) Co activity was essentially zero, indicating that none of the recovered meteorite contained material exposed to solar cosmic rays. The Worden chondrite is the fourth documented fall in Michigan, and the fourth stony meteorite recovered in Michigan; all other Michigan meteorites are finds, not observed falls, and are iron meteorites. All Michigan falls to date are ordinary chondrites. The three falls prior to Worden were Allegan (H5) fell 1899; Rose City (H5, brecciated, black (dark matrix)) fell 1921; and Coleman (L6, veined (shocked); Osborn et al., 1997) fell 1994. Worden has a much lighter matrix than Rose City, and is less extensively thermally and shock metamorphosed than either Rose City (Stoffler et al., 1991) or Coleman. JF - Meteoritics & Planetary Science AU - Velbel, Michael A AU - Matty, David J AU - Wacker, John F AU - Linke, Matt P Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - December 2002 SP - 25 EP - 29 PB - Meteoritical Society, Fayetteville, AR VL - 37 IS - 12, Suppl. SN - 1086-9379, 1086-9379 KW - meteorites KW - Worden Meteorite KW - electron probe KW - petrology KW - mineral composition KW - stony meteorites KW - classification KW - chondrites KW - spectroscopy KW - recovery KW - 05B:Petrology of meteorites and tektites UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52007970?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Meteoritics+%26+Planetary+Science&rft.atitle=The+Worden+Meteorite%3B+a+new+ordinary+chondrite+fall+from+Michigan%2C+USA&rft.au=Velbel%2C+Michael+A%3BMatty%2C+David+J%3BWacker%2C+John+F%3BLinke%2C+Matt+P&rft.aulast=Velbel&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=12%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=25&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Meteoritics+%26+Planetary+Science&rft.issn=10869379&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://cavern.uark.edu/~meteor/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - PubXState - AR N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - MERTAW N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chondrites; classification; electron probe; meteorites; mineral composition; petrology; recovery; spectroscopy; stony meteorites; Worden Meteorite ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Processes in microbial transport in the natural subsurface AN - 51960464; 2003-054551 AB - This is a review of physical, chemical, and biological processes governing microbial transport in the saturated subsurface. We begin with the conceptual models of the biophase that underlie mathematical descriptions of these processes and the physical processes that provide the framework for recent focus on less understood processes. Novel conceptual models of the interactions between cell surface structures and other surfaces are introduced, that are more realistic than the oft-relied upon DLVO theory of colloid stability. Biological processes reviewed include active adhesion/detachment (cell partitioning between aqueous and solid phase initiated by cell metabolism) and chemotaxis (motility in response to chemical gradients). We also discuss mathematical issues involved in upscaling results from the cell scale to the Darcy and field scales. Finally, recent studies at the Oyster, Virginia field site are discussed in terms of relating laboratory results to field scale problems of bioremediation and pathogen transport in the natural subsurface. JF - Advances in Water Resources AU - Ginn, Timothy R AU - Wood, Brian D AU - Nelson, Kirk E AU - Scheibe, Timothy D AU - Murphy, Ellyn M AU - Clement, T Prabhakar A2 - Miller, C. T. A2 - Parlange, Marc B. A2 - Hassanizadeh, S. M. Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - December 2002 SP - 1017 EP - 1042 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 25 IS - 8-12 SN - 0309-1708, 0309-1708 KW - United States KW - colloidal materials KW - Virginia KW - pollutants KW - Darcy's law KW - pollution KW - Northampton County Virginia KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - case studies KW - saturated zone KW - Oyster Virginia KW - transport KW - bacteria KW - hydrodynamics KW - coliform bacteria KW - microorganisms KW - field studies KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51960464?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.atitle=Processes+in+microbial+transport+in+the+natural+subsurface&rft.au=Ginn%2C+Timothy+R%3BWood%2C+Brian+D%3BNelson%2C+Kirk+E%3BScheibe%2C+Timothy+D%3BMurphy%2C+Ellyn+M%3BClement%2C+T+Prabhakar&rft.aulast=Ginn&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=8-12&rft.spage=1017&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.issn=03091708&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03091708 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 191 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; bioremediation; case studies; coliform bacteria; colloidal materials; Darcy's law; field studies; ground water; hydrodynamics; microorganisms; Northampton County Virginia; Oyster Virginia; pollutants; pollution; remediation; saturated zone; transport; United States; Virginia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reduction kinetics of Fe(III), Co(III), U(VI), Cr(VI), and Tc(VII) in cultures of dissimilatory metal-reducing bacteria AN - 18708647; 5591528 AB - The reduction kinetics of Fe(III)citrate, Fe(III)NTA, Co(III)EDTA super(-), U(VI)O sub(2) super(2+), Cr(VI)O sub(4) super(2-), and Tc(VII)O sub(4) super(-) were studied in cultures of dissimilatory metal reducing bacteria (DMRB): Shewanella alga strain BrY, Shewanella putrefaciens strain CN32, Shewanella oneidensis strain MR-1, and Geobacter metallireducens strain GS-15. Reduction rates were metal specific with the following rate trend: Fe(III)citrate => Fe(III)NTA > Co(III)EDTA super(-) > UO sub(2) super(2+) > CrO sub(4) super(2-) > TcO sub(4) super(-), except for CrO sub(4) super(2-) when H sub(2) was used as electron donor. The metal reduction rates were also electron donor dependent with faster rates observed for H sub(2) than lactate super(-) for all Shewanella species despite higher initial lactate (10 mM) than H sub(2) (0.48 mM). The bioreduction of CrO sub(4) super(2-) was anomalously slower compared to the other metals with H sub(2) as an electron donor relative to lactate and reduction ceased before all the CrO sub(4) super(2-) had been reduced. Transmission electron microscopic (TEM) and energy-dispersive spectroscopic (EDS) analyses performed on selected solids at experiment termination found precipitates of reduced U and Tc in association with the outer cell membrane and in the periplasm of the bacteria. The kinetic rates of metal reduction were correlated with the precipitation of reduced metal phases and their causal relationship discussed. The experimental rate data were well described by a Monod kinetic expression with respect to the electron acceptor for all metals except CrO sub(4) super(2-), for which the Monod model had to be modified to account for incomplete reduction. However, the Monod models became statistically over-parametrized, resulting in large uncertainties of their parameters. A first-order approximation to the Monod model also effectively described the experimental results, but the rate coefficients exhibited far less uncertainty. The more precise rate coefficients of the first- order model provided a better means than the Monod parameters, to quantitatively compare the reduction rates between metals, electron donors, and DMRB species. JF - Biotechnology and Bioengineering AU - Liu, C AU - Gorby, YA AU - Zachara, J M AU - Fredrickson, J K AU - Brown, C F AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MSIN K8-96, Richland, WA 99352, chongxuan.liu@pnl.gov Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - Dec 2002 SP - 637 EP - 649 VL - 80 IS - 6 SN - 0006-3592, 0006-3592 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts KW - A 01056:Mineral microbiology KW - W2 32580:Fermentation and process engineering KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 320:Cell Culture & Batch Fermentation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18708647?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+and+Bioengineering&rft.atitle=Reduction+kinetics+of+Fe%28III%29%2C+Co%28III%29%2C+U%28VI%29%2C+Cr%28VI%29%2C+and+Tc%28VII%29+in+cultures+of+dissimilatory+metal-reducing+bacteria&rft.au=Liu%2C+C%3BGorby%2C+YA%3BZachara%2C+J+M%3BFredrickson%2C+J+K%3BBrown%2C+C+F&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=637&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+and+Bioengineering&rft.issn=00063592&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fbit.10430 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.10430 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geochemical effects on colloid-facilitated metal transport through zeolitized tuffs from the Nevada Test Site AN - 16155566; 5541123 AB - Natural colloids were generated from zeolitized tuffs from the Nevada Test Site (NTS) and the effects of colloids on the transport of a strongly sorbing metal, lead [Pb(II)], were investigated in column experiments under different geochemical conditions. Because of the high sorption affinity of Pb(II) for zeolitized tuffs, the migration of Pb(II) without colloids was strongly retarded. The presence of mobile colloids, however, enhanced the mobility of Pb(II). Approximately 75-90% of the eluted Pb(II) was transported as a colloid-associated phase. The migration of colloids was closely related to the geochemical conditions in the background solution. Immobilization of colloids increased as the ionic strength of the background electrolyte solution increased, because of double layer compaction. Remobilization of initially deposited colloids occurred when the ionic strength of the background electrolyte solution was reduced. The mobility of colloids increased with increasing pH and increasing flow rates. These results have significant implications for the migration of strongly sorbing radionuclides and other metals at nuclear testing facilities and metal-contaminated sites and are consistent with the hypothesis that inorganic contaminant migration in the subsurface is a function of geochemical conditions. JF - Environmental Geology AU - Um, W AU - Papelis, C AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, K6-81, Richland, 99352 Washington, USA, wooyong.um@pnl.gov Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - Dec 2002 SP - 209 EP - 218 PB - Springer-Verlag, [URL:http://link.springer.de/link/service/journals/00254/bibs/2043 1-2/20430209.htm] VL - 43 IS - 1-2 SN - 0943-0105, 0943-0105 KW - USA, Nevada KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Metals KW - Radioactive Wastes KW - Colloids KW - Path of Pollutants KW - Geochemistry KW - Nuclear weapons KW - Groundwater Pollution KW - Zeolites KW - Lead KW - Radioactivity KW - P 8000:RADIATION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16155566?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geology&rft.atitle=Geochemical+effects+on+colloid-facilitated+metal+transport+through+zeolitized+tuffs+from+the+Nevada+Test+Site&rft.au=Um%2C+W%3BPapelis%2C+C&rft.aulast=Um&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=209&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geology&rft.issn=09430105&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00254-002-0646-4 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Colloids; Geochemistry; Nuclear weapons; Radioactivity; Lead; Radioactive Wastes; Metals; Path of Pollutants; Groundwater Pollution; Zeolites DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00254-002-0646-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phosphorylation induces a conformational transition near the lipid-water interface of phospholamban reconstituted with the Ca-ATPase. AN - 72686360; 12437353 AB - We have measured conformational changes of phospholamban (PLB) induced both by its interaction with the SR Ca-ATPase and by phosphorylation of Ser-16 by cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) using an engineered PLB having a single cysteine (Cys-24) derivatized with the fluorophore 2-(4'-maleimidylanilino)naphthalene-6-sulfonic acid (ANSmal). This modified mutant PLB is fully functional when co-reconstituted with the affinity-purified Ca-ATPase in liposomes. ANSmal emission properties and its solvent accessibility indicate that Cys-24 is in an aqueous environment outside the membrane. Fluorescence quenching and time-resolved anisotropy measurements of ANSmal-PLB demonstrate distinct structures for PLB in the free and Ca-ATPase-bound state. Both solvent exposure and probe motions of ANSmal are enhanced upon interaction of PLB with the Ca-ATPase. This conformational transition entails conversion of free PLB in a conformation which is insensitive to one which is sensitive to the phosphorylation state of PLB. Upon phosphorylation of Ca-ATPase-bound PLB, a decreased level of solvent exposure of ANSmal is observed, suggesting that the amino acid sequence of PLB near the lipid-water interface acts as a conformational switch in response to the phosphorylation of PLB. A longer correlation time, resolved by anisotropy measurements, corresponding to polypeptide chain fluctuations, is substantially restricted by interaction of PLB with the Ca-ATPase. This restriction is not reversed by phosphorylation of PLB, indicating that the region around Cys-24 near the lipid-water interface does not undergo dissociation from the Ca-ATPase. These results suggest that the phosphorylation by PKA induces a redistribution of PLB-Ca-ATPase protein contacts to relieve the inhibitory effect of PLB for the activation of calcium transport. JF - Biochemistry AU - Chen, Baowei AU - Bigelow, Diana J AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, USA. Y1 - 2002/11/26/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Nov 26 SP - 13965 EP - 13972 VL - 41 IS - 47 SN - 0006-2960, 0006-2960 KW - Calcium-Binding Proteins KW - 0 KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - phospholamban KW - Water KW - 059QF0KO0R KW - Acrylamide KW - 20R035KLCI KW - Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases KW - EC 2.7.11.11 KW - Calcium-Transporting ATPases KW - EC 3.6.3.8 KW - Cysteine KW - K848JZ4886 KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Index Medicus KW - Mutagenesis, Site-Directed KW - Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases -- metabolism KW - Phosphorylation KW - Fluorescence Polarization KW - Recombinant Proteins -- metabolism KW - Models, Molecular KW - Kinetics KW - Calcium -- pharmacology KW - Acrylamide -- pharmacology KW - Recombinant Proteins -- chemistry KW - Protein Conformation KW - Calcium-Transporting ATPases -- metabolism KW - Calcium-Binding Proteins -- metabolism KW - Calcium-Binding Proteins -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72686360?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochemistry&rft.atitle=Phosphorylation+induces+a+conformational+transition+near+the+lipid-water+interface+of+phospholamban+reconstituted+with+the+Ca-ATPase.&rft.au=Chen%2C+Baowei%3BBigelow%2C+Diana+J&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Baowei&rft.date=2002-11-26&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=47&rft.spage=13965&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochemistry&rft.issn=00062960&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-01-09 N1 - Date created - 2002-11-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Model compound studies of the beta-O-4 linkage in lignin: absolute rate expressions for beta-scission of phenoxyl radical from 1-phenyl-2-phenoxyethanol-1-yl radical. AN - 72681275; 12423121 AB - Arrhenius rate expressions were determined for beta-scission of phenoxyl radical from 1-phenyl-2-phenoxyethanol-1-yl, PhC*(OH)CH2OPh (V). Ketyl radical V was competitively trapped by thiophenol to yield PhCH(OH)CH2OPh in competition with beta-scission to yield phenoxyl radical and acetophenone. A basis rate expression for hydrogen atom abstraction by sec-phenethyl alcohol, PhC*(OH)CH3, from thiophenol, log(k(abs)/M(-1) s(-1)) = (8.88 +/- 0.24) - (6.07 +/- 0.34)/theta, theta = 2.303RT, was determined by competing hydrogen atom abstraction with radical self-termination. Self-termination rates for PhC*(OH)CH3 were calculated using the Smoluchowski equation employing experimental diffusion coefficients of the parent alcohol, PhCH(OH)CH3, as a model for the radical. The hydrogen abstraction basis reaction was employed to determine the activation barrier for the beta-scission of phenoxyl from 1-phenyl-2-phenoxyethanol-1-yl (V): log(k beta)/s(-1)) = (12.85 +/- 0.22) - (15.06 +/- 0.38)/theta, k beta (298 K) ca. (64.0 s(-1) in benzene), and log(k beta /s(-1)) = (12.50 +/- 0.18) - (14.46 +/- 0.30)/theta, k beta (298 K) = 78.7 s(-1) in benzene containing 0.8 M 2-propanol. B3LYP/cc-PVTZ electronic structure calculations predict that intramolecular hydrogen bonding between the alpha-OH and the -OPh leaving group of ketyl radical (V) stabilizes both ground- and transition-state structures. The computed activation barrier, 14.9 kcal/mol, is in good agreement with the experimental activation barrier. JF - The Journal of organic chemistry AU - Kandanarachchi, Pramod H AU - Autrey, Tom AU - Franz, James A AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Fundamental Science Division, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, Washington 99352, USA. Y1 - 2002/11/15/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Nov 15 SP - 7937 EP - 7945 VL - 67 IS - 23 SN - 0022-3263, 0022-3263 KW - Free Radicals KW - 0 KW - Industrial Waste KW - Phenols KW - phenoxy radical KW - 3229-70-7 KW - Lignin KW - 9005-53-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Half-Life KW - Models, Molecular KW - Kinetics KW - Equipment Reuse KW - Carbohydrate Conformation KW - Lignin -- chemistry KW - Lignin -- radiation effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72681275?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+organic+chemistry&rft.atitle=Model+compound+studies+of+the+beta-O-4+linkage+in+lignin%3A+absolute+rate+expressions+for+beta-scission+of+phenoxyl+radical+from+1-phenyl-2-phenoxyethanol-1-yl+radical.&rft.au=Kandanarachchi%2C+Pramod+H%3BAutrey%2C+Tom%3BFranz%2C+James+A&rft.aulast=Kandanarachchi&rft.aufirst=Pramod&rft.date=2002-11-15&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=7937&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+organic+chemistry&rft.issn=00223263&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-07-31 N1 - Date created - 2002-11-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Aerosol transport to the U.S. receptor sites during ACE-Asia AN - 51836079; 2004-047247 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Jimenez Cruz, Michael P AU - Cahill, Thomas A AU - Perry, Kevin D AU - Cliff, Steven S AU - Cahill, Catherine F AU - Disselkamp, Robert S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 130 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - dust storms KW - monitoring KW - Far East KW - sediment transport KW - grain size KW - trajectories KW - environmental effects KW - ACE-Asia KW - transport KW - atmospheric transport KW - aerosols KW - Asia KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51836079?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Aerosol+transport+to+the+U.S.+receptor+sites+during+ACE-Asia&rft.au=Jimenez+Cruz%2C+Michael+P%3BCahill%2C+Thomas+A%3BPerry%2C+Kevin+D%3BCliff%2C+Steven+S%3BCahill%2C+Catherine+F%3BDisselkamp%2C+Robert+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Jimenez+Cruz&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=130&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ACE-Asia; aerosols; Asia; atmospheric transport; dust storms; environmental effects; Far East; grain size; monitoring; sediment transport; trajectories; transport; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rejuvenation and silicic melt migration in a near-solidus silicic mush induced by "gas sparging"? AN - 51700291; 2005-040384 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Bachmann, Olivier AU - Bergantz, George W AU - White, Mark D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - andesites KW - volcanic rocks KW - numerical models KW - igneous rocks KW - silicate melts KW - magmatism KW - data processing KW - siliceous composition KW - effects KW - Paleogene KW - melts KW - genesis KW - Cenozoic KW - pyroclastics KW - volatiles KW - Tertiary KW - magmas KW - digital simulation KW - Huerto Andesite KW - tuff KW - Fish Canyon Tuff KW - Oligocene KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51700291?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Rejuvenation+and+silicic+melt+migration+in+a+near-solidus+silicic+mush+induced+by+%22gas+sparging%22%3F&rft.au=Bachmann%2C+Olivier%3BBergantz%2C+George+W%3BWhite%2C+Mark+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bachmann&rft.aufirst=Olivier&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F1381&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - andesites; Cenozoic; data processing; digital simulation; effects; Fish Canyon Tuff; genesis; Huerto Andesite; igneous rocks; magmas; magmatism; melts; numerical models; Oligocene; Paleogene; pyroclastics; silicate melts; siliceous composition; Tertiary; tuff; volatiles; volcanic rocks ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potential for methanotroph-mediated natural attenuation of TCE in a basalt aquifer AN - 51694988; 2005-054630 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Colwell, Frederick S AU - Newby, Deborah T AU - Reed, David W AU - Igoe, Amber AU - Petzke, Lynn AU - Delwiche, Mark E AU - McKinley, James P AU - Roberto, Francisco F AU - Whiticar, Michael J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - F198 EP - F199 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - Snake River Plain Aquifer KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - Idaho KW - concentration KW - biodegradation KW - methane KW - pollutants KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - pollution KW - alkanes KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - genesis KW - organic compounds KW - natural attenuation KW - hydrocarbons KW - DNA KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - trichloroethylene KW - water pollution KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51694988?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Potential+for+methanotroph-mediated+natural+attenuation+of+TCE+in+a+basalt+aquifer&rft.au=Colwell%2C+Frederick+S%3BNewby%2C+Deborah+T%3BReed%2C+David+W%3BIgoe%2C+Amber%3BPetzke%2C+Lynn%3BDelwiche%2C+Mark+E%3BMcKinley%2C+James+P%3BRoberto%2C+Francisco+F%3BWhiticar%2C+Michael+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Colwell&rft.aufirst=Frederick&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F198&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; aquifers; biodegradation; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; DNA; genesis; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; Idaho; methane; microorganisms; natural attenuation; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; Snake River Plain Aquifer; trichloroethylene; United States; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biostimulation of metal-reducing microbes at a former uranium mill tailings site AN - 51693715; 2005-054633 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Peacock, Aaron D AU - Anderson, R Todd AU - Chang, Janet AU - Long, Philip E AU - White, David C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - esters KW - biodegradation KW - monitoring KW - acetates KW - Garfield County Colorado KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - biomarkers KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - Rifle Colorado KW - organic compounds KW - metals KW - anaerobic environment KW - uranium KW - Colorado KW - water pollution KW - tailings KW - actinides KW - field studies KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51693715?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Biostimulation+of+metal-reducing+microbes+at+a+former+uranium+mill+tailings+site&rft.au=Peacock%2C+Aaron+D%3BAnderson%2C+R+Todd%3BChang%2C+Janet%3BLong%2C+Philip+E%3BWhite%2C+David+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Peacock&rft.aufirst=Aaron&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F199&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acetates; actinides; anaerobic environment; biodegradation; biomarkers; bioremediation; Colorado; esters; field studies; Garfield County Colorado; ground water; metals; monitoring; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; remediation; Rifle Colorado; tailings; United States; uranium; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - X-ray spectroscopic investigation of the distribution and speciation of uranium in contaminated sediments from the DOE's Hanford Site AN - 51692607; 2005-056165 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Catalano, Jeffrey G AU - Zachara, John M AU - Heald, Steve M AU - Brown, Gordon E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1425 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - contaminant plumes KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - unsaturated zone KW - waste lagoons KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - synchrotron radiation KW - phase equilibria KW - sediments KW - orthosilicates KW - X-ray fluorescence spectra KW - spectra KW - heterogeneity KW - geochemistry KW - experimental studies KW - Washington KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - X-ray spectra KW - boltwoodite KW - nesosilicates KW - metals KW - EXAFS data KW - uranium KW - waste disposal KW - uranophane KW - actinides KW - chemical fractionation KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51692607?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=X-ray+spectroscopic+investigation+of+the+distribution+and+speciation+of+uranium+in+contaminated+sediments+from+the+DOE%27s+Hanford+Site&rft.au=Catalano%2C+Jeffrey+G%3BZachara%2C+John+M%3BHeald%2C+Steve+M%3BBrown%2C+Gordon+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Catalano&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=1425&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; boltwoodite; chemical fractionation; contaminant plumes; EXAFS data; experimental studies; geochemistry; ground water; Hanford Site; heterogeneity; metals; nesosilicates; orthosilicates; phase equilibria; pollution; radioactive waste; sediments; silicates; spectra; synchrotron radiation; United States; unsaturated zone; uranium; uranophane; Washington; waste disposal; waste lagoons; X-ray diffraction data; X-ray fluorescence spectra; X-ray spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting AN - 51682819; 2005-060424 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Ross, Nancy L AU - Gibbs, Gerald V AU - Rosso, Kevin M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - silicates KW - pressure KW - density KW - prediction KW - perovskite KW - high pressure KW - spatial variations KW - hydrogen KW - theoretical models KW - oxides KW - crystal chemistry KW - geochemistry KW - minerals KW - electrons KW - 17A:General geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51682819?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=American+Geophysical+Union+2002+fall+meeting&rft.au=Ross%2C+Nancy+L%3BGibbs%2C+Gerald+V%3BRosso%2C+Kevin+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ross&rft.aufirst=Nancy&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F620&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - crystal chemistry; density; electrons; geochemistry; high pressure; hydrogen; minerals; oxides; perovskite; prediction; pressure; silicates; spatial variations; theoretical models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of localized reducing zones in Cr(VI)aq removal by the Hanford sediments under hyperalkaline conditions AN - 51674891; 2005-064190 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Qafoku, N P AU - Lichtner, P C AU - Ainsworth, C C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - high-level waste KW - experimental studies KW - Washington KW - oxygen KW - contaminant plumes KW - isotopes KW - alkali metals KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - Grant County Washington KW - Franklin County Washington KW - models KW - radioactive isotopes KW - Cs-137 KW - cesium KW - metals KW - sediments KW - reduction KW - Benton County Washington KW - chromium KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51674891?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=The+role+of+localized+reducing+zones+in+Cr%28VI%29aq+removal+by+the+Hanford+sediments+under+hyperalkaline+conditions&rft.au=Qafoku%2C+N+P%3BLichtner%2C+P+C%3BAinsworth%2C+C+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Qafoku&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F1498&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; Benton County Washington; cesium; chromium; contaminant plumes; Cs-137; experimental studies; Franklin County Washington; Grant County Washington; Hanford Site; high-level waste; isotopes; metals; models; oxygen; pollution; radioactive isotopes; reduction; sediments; United States; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multiple pore region model of uranium(VI) reductive immobilization in structured subsurface media AN - 51637973; 2006-012230 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Roden, Eric E AU - Scheibe, Timothy D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - biomineralization KW - experimental studies KW - technology KW - bacteria KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - water pollution KW - simulation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51637973?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Multiple+pore+region+model+of+uranium%28VI%29+reductive+immobilization+in+structured+subsurface+media&rft.au=Roden%2C+Eric+E%3BScheibe%2C+Timothy+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Roden&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F271&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biomineralization; bioremediation; experimental studies; ground water; pollution; remediation; simulation; technology; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The reductive immobilization of pertechnetate by bioreduced sediments AN - 51536380; 2006-080344 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - McKinley, James P AU - Zachara, John M AU - Heald, Steve M AU - Fredrickson, James K AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 247 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - iron oxides KW - iron KW - mica group KW - weathered materials KW - Tennessee KW - sediments KW - manganese oxides KW - oxides KW - reduction KW - geochemistry KW - Eh KW - Shewanella putrifaciens KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - technetium KW - Washington KW - clastic sediments KW - Hanford Site KW - biogenic processes KW - metals KW - biotite KW - bacteria KW - lacustrine environment KW - sheet silicates KW - fluviolacustrine environment KW - mobilization KW - fluvial environment KW - microorganisms KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51536380?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=The+reductive+immobilization+of+pertechnetate+by+bioreduced+sediments&rft.au=McKinley%2C+James+P%3BZachara%2C+John+M%3BHeald%2C+Steve+M%3BFredrickson%2C+James+K%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=McKinley&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=247&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biogenic processes; biotite; clastic sediments; Eh; fluvial environment; fluviolacustrine environment; geochemistry; Hanford Site; iron; iron oxides; lacustrine environment; manganese oxides; metals; mica group; microorganisms; mobilization; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; oxides; reduction; sediments; sheet silicates; Shewanella putrifaciens; silicates; technetium; Tennessee; United States; Washington; weathered materials ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Updated magnetostratigraphy of ice age flood deposits of the Cold Creek Bar at the Hanford Site, southeastern Washington AN - 51534354; 2006-080551 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Pluhar, Christopher J AU - Bjornstad, Bruce N AU - Reidel, Stephen AU - Coe, Robert S AU - Nelson, Paul B AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - Cold Creek KW - demagnetization KW - glaciation KW - alternating field demagnetization KW - magnetostratigraphy KW - gravel KW - Cenozoic KW - jokulhlaups KW - sediments KW - Pasco Basin KW - floods KW - Benton County Washington KW - lower Pleistocene KW - thermal demagnetization KW - marker beds KW - sand KW - Washington KW - Quaternary KW - clastic sediments KW - bars KW - Hanford Site KW - silt KW - paleomagnetism KW - Olduvai Subchron KW - glacial features KW - boreholes KW - reversals KW - Pleistocene KW - Columbia Plateau KW - Channeled Scabland KW - meltwater KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51534354?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Updated+magnetostratigraphy+of+ice+age+flood+deposits+of+the+Cold+Creek+Bar+at+the+Hanford+Site%2C+southeastern+Washington&rft.au=Pluhar%2C+Christopher+J%3BBjornstad%2C+Bruce+N%3BReidel%2C+Stephen%3BCoe%2C+Robert+S%3BNelson%2C+Paul+B%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Pluhar&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F411&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alternating field demagnetization; bars; Benton County Washington; boreholes; Cenozoic; Channeled Scabland; clastic sediments; Cold Creek; Columbia Plateau; demagnetization; floods; glacial features; glaciation; gravel; Hanford Site; jokulhlaups; lower Pleistocene; magnetostratigraphy; marker beds; meltwater; Olduvai Subchron; paleomagnetism; Pasco Basin; Pleistocene; Quaternary; reversals; sand; sediments; silt; thermal demagnetization; United States; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of Mg (super +2) in the dissolution of pure calcite; insights from AFM and vertical scanning interferometry AN - 51532569; 2006-080336 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Arvidson, Rolf S AU - Amonette, James E AU - Collier, Martin AU - Hurt, Tom T AU - Luttge, Andreas AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 245 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - calcium KW - alkaline earth metals KW - magnesium KW - vertical scanning interferometry KW - mechanism KW - rates KW - solution KW - interferometry KW - calcite KW - atomic force microscopy data KW - metals KW - geochemistry KW - chemical ratios KW - carbonates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51532569?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=The+role+of+Mg+%28super+%2B2%29+in+the+dissolution+of+pure+calcite%3B+insights+from+AFM+and+vertical+scanning+interferometry&rft.au=Arvidson%2C+Rolf+S%3BAmonette%2C+James+E%3BCollier%2C+Martin%3BHurt%2C+Tom+T%3BLuttge%2C+Andreas%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Arvidson&rft.aufirst=Rolf&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=245&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; atomic force microscopy data; calcite; calcium; carbonates; chemical ratios; geochemistry; interferometry; magnesium; mechanism; metals; rates; solution; vertical scanning interferometry ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impacts of spatial resolutions on water budget simulated by the VIC-3L hydrologically-based land surface model AN - 51532062; 2006-086135 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Guo, J AU - Liang, X AU - Leung, L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - high-resolution methods KW - VIC-3L model KW - soil dynamics KW - spatial data KW - moisture KW - radar methods KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - water balance KW - models KW - physical properties KW - Oklahoma KW - evaporation KW - infiltration KW - Blue River basin KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51532062?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Impacts+of+spatial+resolutions+on+water+budget+simulated+by+the+VIC-3L+hydrologically-based+land+surface+model&rft.au=Guo%2C+J%3BLiang%2C+X%3BLeung%2C+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Guo&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F594&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmospheric precipitation; Blue River basin; evaporation; high-resolution methods; hydrology; infiltration; models; moisture; Oklahoma; physical properties; radar methods; soil dynamics; spatial data; United States; VIC-3L model; water balance ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Uncertainty assessment of a parameterization method for vadose zone modeling AN - 51531167; 2006-086152 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Meyer, P D AU - Rockhold, M L AU - Murray, C J AU - Chien, Y AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - experimental studies KW - statistical analysis KW - unsaturated zone KW - prediction KW - porous materials KW - geostatistics KW - fluid dynamics KW - simulation KW - measurement KW - models KW - transport KW - sediments KW - retention KW - uncertainty KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51531167?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Uncertainty+assessment+of+a+parameterization+method+for+vadose+zone+modeling&rft.au=Meyer%2C+P+D%3BRockhold%2C+M+L%3BMurray%2C+C+J%3BChien%2C+Y%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Meyer&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F597&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - experimental studies; fluid dynamics; geostatistics; hydrology; measurement; models; porous materials; prediction; retention; sediments; simulation; soils; statistical analysis; transport; uncertainty; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Advances in tensiometry for long-term monitoring of soil water pressures AN - 51131749; 2006-007769 AB - Soil water pressures, measured over space and time, are needed to predict the direction of water flow and chemical transport in the vadose zone. Advanced tensiometers (ATs), which utilize a water-filled porous cup connected directly to a pressure transducer, can be installed at almost any location and depth using standard drilling techniques such as auger drilling, but these methods can significantly disturb the site. For sites where minimal disturbance is desired, alternate approaches for tensiometer placement have been sought. To test installation techniques and performance longevity, advanced tensiometers were placed into the ground at a test site near Richland, WA using two different installation methods, auger drilling and a drive-cone push technique. The tensiometers were subsequently monitored for nearly 2 yr without refilling or recalibration. The data indicated that tensiometers placed by the auger technique took several months to equilibrate, while the cone push units came to equilibrium within 24 h following their installation. Soil water pressures always remained above -90 cm pressure head (-90 mbar) at depths >90 cm. At the greatest depth (730 cm), positive then negative pressures were observed as the water table was lowered and the soil drained. The results suggest that for our test conditions (coarse sandy soil, no vegetation), soil water pressures stay well within the tensiometer range and unit gradient conditions persist, indicating a draining profile. Advanced tensiometers, placed either by auger or cone penetrometer, provide a robust and reliable method for long-term monitoring of soil water pressure profiles. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Sisson, J B AU - Gee, G W AU - Hubbell, J M AU - Bratton, W L AU - Ritter, J C AU - Ward, A L AU - Caldwell, T G Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 310 EP - 315 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 1 IS - 2 KW - vinyl chloride KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - drive cone method KW - moisture KW - unsaturated zone KW - techniques KW - water pressure KW - sediments KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Benton County Washington KW - lysimeters KW - soils KW - sand KW - experimental studies KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - in situ KW - clastic sediments KW - pollutants KW - Richland Washington KW - organic compounds KW - tensiometers KW - hollow-stem auger method KW - Columbia Plateau KW - instruments KW - field studies KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51131749?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Advances+in+tensiometry+for+long-term+monitoring+of+soil+water+pressures&rft.au=Sisson%2C+J+B%3BGee%2C+G+W%3BHubbell%2C+J+M%3BBratton%2C+W+L%3BRitter%2C+J+C%3BWard%2C+A+L%3BCaldwell%2C+T+G&rft.aulast=Sisson&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=310&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on December 16, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2014-09-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Benton County Washington; chlorinated hydrocarbons; clastic sediments; Columbia Plateau; drive cone method; experimental studies; field studies; halogenated hydrocarbons; hollow-stem auger method; in situ; instruments; lysimeters; moisture; monitoring; organic compounds; pollutants; Richland Washington; sand; sediments; soils; techniques; tensiometers; United States; unsaturated zone; vinyl chloride; Washington; water pressure ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Water-retention of fractal soil models using continuum percolation theory; tests of Hanford Site soils AN - 50079710; 2003-012187 AB - For 43 Hanford site soils, we use fractal analysis and assume proportionality of pore radii to particle radii to generate water-retention curves, h(), from particle-size distributions. The air-entry head is used as an adjustable parameter to optimize the fit to experimental data for h(). At a low moisture content, d, the predicted and observed water-retention curves deviate. It is shown here that the moisture content at which this deviation occurs is in most cases probably the same value, at which previous experiments found a vanishing of solute diffusion. Where this correlation is indicated, we interpret d as a critical moisture content for percolation of capillary flow paths, and the relevance of other mechanisms of water transport, such as film flow, to equilibration at lower moisture contents. In other individual cases, however, the deviation is correlated with very low values of the hydraulic conductivity associated with capillary flow. In either case, we infer that the deviation from fractal predictions is due to the lack of equilibration of the medium. Our work thus exploits theoretical and analytical gains from percolation theory and fractal analysis to define the equilibrium limits on water retention curves. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Hunt, Allen G AU - Gee, Glendon W Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 252 EP - 260 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 1 IS - 2 KW - water KW - United States KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - sand KW - Washington KW - continuum percolation theory KW - clastic sediments KW - moisture KW - unsaturated zone KW - Hanford Site KW - models KW - theoretical studies KW - loam KW - saturation KW - sediments KW - retention KW - hydrodynamics KW - testing KW - percolation KW - fractals KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50079710?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Water-retention+of+fractal+soil+models+using+continuum+percolation+theory%3B+tests+of+Hanford+Site+soils&rft.au=Hunt%2C+Allen+G%3BGee%2C+Glendon+W&rft.aulast=Hunt&rft.aufirst=Allen&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=252&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 36 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Dec. 9, 2002 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - clastic sediments; continuum percolation theory; fractals; Hanford Site; hydrodynamics; hydrology; loam; models; moisture; percolation; retention; sand; saturation; sediments; soils; testing; theoretical studies; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Motivating Residents to Conserve Energy without Financial Incentives AN - 34772020; 200910-B7-0082680 (MB); 200910-30-0135657 (CE); 10903951 (EN) AB - Given the aim to motivate people to conserve energy in homes, we need to understand what drives people's energy use behavior and how it can be influenced. This article describes applied energy conservation campaigns at two U.S. military installations where residents do not pay their own utility bills. Customized approaches were designed for each installation based on a broad social-psychological model. Before-and-after energy use was measured, and residents were surveyed about end use behaviors. Residents said they were motivated by the desire to do the right thing, set good examples for their children, and have comfortable homes. For sustained change, respondents recommended continued awareness and education, disincentives, and incentives. Findings support some aspects of a social-psychological model, with emphasis on altruistic and egoistic motives for behavioral change. These studies may have implications for situations where residents are not billed for individual energy use, including other government-subsidized facilities, master-metered apartments, and university dormitories. JF - Environment & Behavior AU - McMakin, Andrea H AU - Malone, Elizabeth L AU - Lundgren, Regina E AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory in Washington, D.C PY - 2002 SP - 848 EP - 863 PB - Sage Publications, 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, CA, 91320, USA, [mailto:sagescience)sagepub.com], [URL:http://www.sagepub.com] VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0013-9165, 0013-9165 KW - Materials Business File (MB); Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Energy use KW - Energy conservation KW - Mathematical models KW - Incentives KW - Military KW - Utilities KW - Education KW - Bills KW - Article KW - EE 70:Energy (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/34772020?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environment+%26+Behavior&rft.atitle=Motivating+Residents+to+Conserve+Energy+without+Financial+Incentives&rft.au=McMakin%2C+Andrea+H%3BMalone%2C+Elizabeth+L%3BLundgren%2C+Regina+E&rft.aulast=McMakin&rft.aufirst=Andrea&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=848&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environment+%26+Behavior&rft.issn=00139165&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F001391602237252 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 39 N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-14 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001391602237252 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - NMR Structure of the Escherichia coli Protein YacG: a Novel Sequence Motif in the Zinc-Finger Family of Proteins AN - 18634087; 5535397 JF - Proteins: Structure, Function & Genetics AU - Ramelot, T A AU - Cort, J R AU - Yee, A A AU - Semesi, A AU - Edwards, A M AU - Arrowsmith, CH AU - Kennedy, MA AD - Battelle, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999/MS K8-98, Richland, WA 99352, USA, ma_kennedy@pnl.gov Y1 - 2002/11/01/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Nov 01 SP - 289 EP - 293 VL - 49 IS - 2 SN - 0887-3585, 0887-3585 KW - YacG protein KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - J 02727:Amino acids, peptides and proteins UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18634087?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proteins%3A+Structure%2C+Function+%26+Genetics&rft.atitle=NMR+Structure+of+the+Escherichia+coli+Protein+YacG%3A+a+Novel+Sequence+Motif+in+the+Zinc-Finger+Family+of+Proteins&rft.au=Ramelot%2C+T+A%3BCort%2C+J+R%3BYee%2C+A+A%3BSemesi%2C+A%3BEdwards%2C+A+M%3BArrowsmith%2C+CH%3BKennedy%2C+MA&rft.aulast=Ramelot&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=289&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proteins%3A+Structure%2C+Function+%26+Genetics&rft.issn=08873585&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Establishment of a novel clonal murine bone marrow stromal cell line for assessment of p53 responses to genotoxic stress. AN - 72118525; 12270597 AB - The p53 protein is widely regarded as an important sensor of genotoxic damage in cells, and mutations in p53 are the most frequent observed in human cancers. Rapid assays for evaluating the potential of a chemical or physical agent to alter the transcriptional regulatory role of p53 may therefore serve as useful tools in toxicological research. In this study, the use of enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) as a live cell reporter to assess the transactivation response of p53 to chemical and physical agents was evaluated. A stable murine bone marrow stromal cell line (D2XRIIGFP24) expressing EGFP under control of p53 response elements was established. D2XRIIGFP24 cells displayed low constitutive background fluorescence which was significantly enhanced in response to exposure to agents that induced p53 protein levels. Increases in EGFP fluorescence in response to oxidative and nitrosative stress as well as UVC irradiation were dose-dependent, detectable within 3 h of exposure and correlated closely with the amount of p53 protein accumulated within the cell. The results demonstrate the potential for rapid and early detection of p53 transactivation using the EGFP reporter approach and indicate this approach is adaptable to a variety of fluorescent assay techniques and a useful cell model for molecular toxicology research. JF - Toxicology AU - Gorbunov, Nikolai V AU - Morris, James E AU - Greenberger, Joel S AU - Thrall, Brian D AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA. nikolai.gorbunov@na.amedd.army.mil Y1 - 2002/10/15/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Oct 15 SP - 257 EP - 266 VL - 179 IS - 3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Luminescent Proteins KW - 0 KW - Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 KW - Green Fluorescent Proteins KW - 147336-22-9 KW - Nitric Oxide KW - 31C4KY9ESH KW - Hydrogen Peroxide KW - BBX060AN9V KW - Index Medicus KW - Nitric Oxide -- toxicity KW - Animals KW - Comet Assay KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Stromal Cells KW - Luminescent Proteins -- metabolism KW - Mice KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation KW - Transcriptional Activation KW - Hydrogen Peroxide -- toxicity KW - Kinetics KW - Oxidative Stress KW - Ultraviolet Rays -- adverse effects KW - Genes, Reporter KW - Clone Cells KW - Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 -- analysis KW - Mutagenicity Tests -- methods KW - Stress, Physiological -- genetics KW - Bone Marrow Cells -- cytology KW - Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 -- genetics KW - Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 -- metabolism KW - Cell Line UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72118525?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Establishment+of+a+novel+clonal+murine+bone+marrow+stromal+cell+line+for+assessment+of+p53+responses+to+genotoxic+stress.&rft.au=Gorbunov%2C+Nikolai+V%3BMorris%2C+James+E%3BGreenberger%2C+Joel+S%3BThrall%2C+Brian+D&rft.aulast=Gorbunov&rft.aufirst=Nikolai&rft.date=2002-10-15&rft.volume=179&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=257&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-11-06 N1 - Date created - 2002-09-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A comparison between modeled and measured clear-sky radiative shortwave fluxes in Arctic environments, with special emphasis on diffuse radiation AN - 51886137; 2004-016862 JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Barnard, J C AU - Powell, D M Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 10 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 107 IS - D19 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - United States KW - North America KW - North Slope KW - Arctic region KW - atmosphere KW - measurement KW - SBDART KW - models KW - optical properties KW - solar radiation KW - radiative shortwave flux KW - Great Plains KW - aerosols KW - MODTRAN KW - Alaska KW - meteorology KW - Southern Great Plains KW - Santa Barbara Distort Atmosphere Radiative Transfer KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51886137?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=A+comparison+between+modeled+and+measured+clear-sky+radiative+shortwave+fluxes+in+Arctic+environments%2C+with+special+emphasis+on+diffuse+radiation&rft.au=Barnard%2C+J+C%3BPowell%2C+D+M&rft.aulast=Barnard&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=107&rft.issue=D19&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2001JD001442 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerosols; Alaska; Arctic region; atmosphere; Great Plains; measurement; meteorology; models; MODTRAN; North America; North Slope; optical properties; radiative shortwave flux; Santa Barbara Distort Atmosphere Radiative Transfer; SBDART; solar radiation; Southern Great Plains; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2001JD001442 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Differential advection of colloidal and solute tracers in groundwater AN - 51860360; 2004-033200 AB - Several field and laboratory studies of transport of colloidal and solute tracers in groundwater have observed an apparent increase in the mean velocity of colloids relative to non-reactive solutes. This phenomenon, referred to here as differential advection, is poorly understood and has been explained in terms of a variety of hypothesized processes acting at pore and larger scales. Only recently has there been an effort to develop quantitative models that are consistent with the hypothesized processes, and significant confusion and debate remains regarding the means of identification of, and the processes causing, differential advection. We present observations from a number of recent laboratory and field experiments and discuss their implications in the context of current conceptualizations and model representations of differential advection processes. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Scheibe, Timothy D AU - Wood, Brian D AU - Ginn, Timothy R AU - Johnson, William P AU - Zhang, Pengfei AU - Onstott, Tullis C AU - Hall, James A AU - Fuller, Mark E AU - Dong, Hailiang AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 157 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - processes KW - experimental studies KW - colloidal materials KW - solutes KW - advection KW - concepts KW - ground water KW - laboratory studies KW - quantitative analysis KW - identification KW - tracers KW - velocity KW - field studies KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51860360?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Differential+advection+of+colloidal+and+solute+tracers+in+groundwater&rft.au=Scheibe%2C+Timothy+D%3BWood%2C+Brian+D%3BGinn%2C+Timothy+R%3BJohnson%2C+William+P%3BZhang%2C+Pengfei%3BOnstott%2C+Tullis+C%3BHall%2C+James+A%3BFuller%2C+Mark+E%3BDong%2C+Hailiang%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Scheibe&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=157&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - advection; colloidal materials; concepts; experimental studies; field studies; ground water; identification; laboratory studies; processes; quantitative analysis; solutes; tracers; velocity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transport of bacterial probes in the subsurface; physicochemical and biological factors, or "colloids wouldn't do that!" AN - 51859233; 2004-033197 AB - Bacteria can be used as probes in combination with dissolved tracers to elucidate transport-related aquifer properties. For example, physical heterogeneity can be inferred by observing differential advection of bacteria (or other colloids) relative to dissolved tracers, as illustrated by field experiments conducted at Kamas and Fry Canyon, Utah. Bacterial breakthrough-elution curves also provide information regarding the processes that control bacterial loss from, and re-entrainment into, groundwater. A high-resolution bacterial tracking technique was used to focus on the low concentration portions of bacterial breakthrough and elution histories (initial breakthrough and extended tailing) during DOE-sponsored field transport experiments conducted at Oyster, Virginia. The rates of bacterial loss from, and re-entrainment into, groundwater were shown to be controlled by both physicochemical and biological factors during these relatively long duration-large scale field experiments. Physicochemical factors that operated during the transport experiments included variations in hydrodynamic shear (pore water velocity), and potentially included hydrodynamic collision between mobile and attached cells. Biological factors that influenced transport included heterogeneity in cell surface properties, as well as predation. An additional biological factor that potentially impacted transport was cell growth. Much remains to be understood regarding the above, and other, controls on bacterial transport. However, understanding these controls is important and necessary for a variety of reasons, such as the potential use of bacterial probes to assay properties of the subsurface, as well as the need to deliver bacteria with novel metabolic properties to specific subsurface locales. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Johnson, William P AU - Zhang, Pengfei AU - McIntosh, William O AU - Scheibe, Timothy D AU - Onstott, Tullis C AU - Fuller, Mark E AU - Dobbs, Fred C AU - DeFlaun, Mary F AU - Holben, William AU - Griffin, Timothy AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 156 EP - 157 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - Northampton County Virginia KW - Fry Canyon KW - ground water KW - controls KW - Oyster Virginia KW - transport KW - tracers KW - velocity KW - hydrodynamics KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - processes KW - high-resolution methods KW - colloidal materials KW - Virginia KW - predation KW - metabolism KW - physicochemical properties KW - Kamas Canyon KW - pollution KW - aquifers KW - factors KW - bacteria KW - Utah KW - pore water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51859233?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Transport+of+bacterial+probes+in+the+subsurface%3B+physicochemical+and+biological+factors%2C+or+%22colloids+wouldn%27t+do+that%21%22&rft.au=Johnson%2C+William+P%3BZhang%2C+Pengfei%3BMcIntosh%2C+William+O%3BScheibe%2C+Timothy+D%3BOnstott%2C+Tullis+C%3BFuller%2C+Mark+E%3BDobbs%2C+Fred+C%3BDeFlaun%2C+Mary+F%3BHolben%2C+William%3BGriffin%2C+Timothy%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=156&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; Atlantic Coastal Plain; bacteria; colloidal materials; controls; factors; Fry Canyon; ground water; high-resolution methods; hydrodynamics; Kamas Canyon; metabolism; Northampton County Virginia; Oyster Virginia; physicochemical properties; pollution; pore water; predation; processes; tracers; transport; United States; Utah; velocity; Virginia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Direct determination of change of bacterial collision efficiency with transport distance in field scale bacterial transport experiments AN - 51857836; 2004-033203 AB - Previous laboratory column and field injection bacterial transport experiments have observed an apparent decrease in bacterial adhesion with transport distance. These observations have been hypothesized as resulting from variability in cell surface properties within a monoclonal population that give rise to preferential transport of a subpopulation. However, there lacks direct measurements of changes in bacterial adhesion properties as a function of transport distance. This study was undertaken to directly measure changes in collision efficiency as a function of transport distance at the South Oyster field site near Oyster, VA. Following injection of an adhesion deficient strain, Comamonas sp. DA001, into a up-gradient well, bacterial samples were taken from multi-level samplers at various distances along the flow path, and were injected into columns (40 cm in length and 7.5 cm in diameter) packed with homogenized sediment collected from the same site. Electrophoretic mobilities were measured for each bacterial suspension. Collision efficiencies were determined from the column and field breakthrough data. The collision efficiencies estimated from field breakthrough generally decreased (did not significantly increase) with transport distance, as expected based on previous studies, whereas the collision efficiencies estimated from column breakthrough greatly increased with increased transport distance. Bacterial cell surface charge became progressively more negative for cells collected at greater distance in the field. We hypothesize that the apparent contradiction between field and column collision efficiencies was caused by difference in the degree of exposure of transported cells to quartz and iron oxide surfaces in the field and column sediment systems, and that the character of field-scale heterogeneity (geochemical and physical) plays a significant role in controlling the transport of bacteria. In the heterogeneous field system, the injected cells may be able to bypass surface sites favorable for attachment, whereas in the column system, the cells may be forced to interact with those sites. The different transport mechanisms for field and column systems may in part explain the observed difference between the two systems in collision efficiency as a function of transport distance. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Dong, Hailiang AU - Monkman, Crystal M AU - Scheibe, Timothy D AU - Fuller, Mark E AU - Johnson, William P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 157 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - experimental studies KW - Virginia KW - Comamonas KW - properties KW - Northampton County Virginia KW - samples KW - laboratory studies KW - Oyster Virginia KW - transport KW - bacteria KW - adhesion KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51857836?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Direct+determination+of+change+of+bacterial+collision+efficiency+with+transport+distance+in+field+scale+bacterial+transport+experiments&rft.au=Dong%2C+Hailiang%3BMonkman%2C+Crystal+M%3BScheibe%2C+Timothy+D%3BFuller%2C+Mark+E%3BJohnson%2C+William+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Dong&rft.aufirst=Hailiang&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=157&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adhesion; Atlantic Coastal Plain; bacteria; Comamonas; experimental studies; laboratory studies; Northampton County Virginia; Oyster Virginia; properties; samples; transport; United States; Virginia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experimental determination of UO (sub 2) (cr) dissolution kinetics at high bicarbonate concentrations AN - 51840598; 2004-044588 AB - To evaluate the possibility of utilizing REDOX permeable reactive barriers for the remediation of uranium contamination, knowledge of the fundamental reaction kinetics associated with the dissolution of reduced uranium (IV) dioxide is necessary. Four decades of existing UO (sub 2+x) (cr) (0>1 to 0.9. We reacted the suite of glass compositions in Single-Pass Flow-Through (SPFT) experiments at T = 90 degrees C and pH = 10 under both highly undersaturated and near silica-saturated conditions for 1 hour to 10 days. Chemically complex glass specimens manifested extensive randomly oriented cracking after approximately 20 hours of reaction time. Cracking appeared to emanate from surface imperfections in the glass and showed signs of curling at edges, similar to mud cracks. We attribute this cracking to hydration and subsequent swelling of the glass during reaction. Experiments near silica saturation displayed the same characteristics, yet the extent of global surface retreat was less (by approximately 10X) than that observed for coupons at undersaturated conditions. This result is consistent with rates obtained by analysis of the chemistry of the effluent solution. In contrast, a simple sodium borosilicate glass composition displayed small (10 to 20 nanometer) elliptical pits after only 1 hour of reaction. With longer reaction times the pits developed along sub-parallel lines that coincide with flow banding structures in the glass. The origin of the pits is unclear, but may be related to phase separation in the glass. Our results demonstrate the efficacy of using VSI techniques to aid development of models for the reactivity of glass. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Icenhower, Jonathan P AU - Luttge, Andreas AU - McGrail, B Pete AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 192 EP - 193 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - silicates KW - experimental studies KW - vertical scanning interferometry KW - solutions KW - effluents KW - rates KW - effects KW - solution KW - interferometry KW - reactivity KW - borosilicates KW - chemical reactions KW - quantitative analysis KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51837542?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Effects+of+aqueous+corrosion+on+borosilicate+glass+as+revealed+by+vertical+scanning+interferometry+%28VSI%29&rft.au=Icenhower%2C+Jonathan+P%3BLuttge%2C+Andreas%3BMcGrail%2C+B+Pete%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Icenhower&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=192&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - borosilicates; chemical reactions; effects; effluents; experimental studies; interferometry; quantitative analysis; rates; reactivity; silicates; solution; solutions; vertical scanning interferometry ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Crystal-mush compaction and differentiation in the Cohassett flood-basalt flow, Hanford, Washington AN - 51791759; 2004-077219 AB - The Columbia River Cohassett flood-basalt flow has complex chemical profiles in the central Columbia Basin that suggest it was formed by inflation, with the earlier top and bottom of the flow having compositions similar to the underlying TiO2-rich McCoy Canyon flow and the later central part having a composition similar to that of the overlying TiO2-poor Rocky Coulee-Museum flow. Considerable mixing of these magmas took place. In the flow's central part, however, the profiles were also modified when residual liquid was expelled upward by compaction of the crystal mush. The central part of the flow consequently has S-shaped profiles of compatible elements and Z-shaped profiles of incompatible elements. Textures in the flow's central part preserve a clear record of compaction. Most crystallization occurred rapidly in the roof zone from which plumes of dense crystal mush sank to the floor. As mush accumulated on the floor, the rapidly grown pyroxene crystals from above recrystallized into fine-grained granular aggregates of augite and pigeonite. With compaction, these granular patches flattened, and plagioclase phenocrysts were rotated toward the horizontal, many becoming bent or broken. Groundmass plagioclase laths surrounding pyroxene crystals in the roof zone are randomly oriented and are separated by large volumes of glass. In the compaction zone, however, these same laths surrounding granular patches of pyroxene rotated into clusters of tightly packed parallel crystals, many in an imbricate pattern, and by so doing reduced the percentage of interstitial liquid. A striking compaction texture, for which we propose the name "lintel" texture, is formed where groundmass plagioclase laths have packed down on horizontal plagioclase phenocrysts (the lintel). Immediately beneath such phenocrysts, the groundmass laths tend to be more randomly and openly stacked, with considerable quantities of interstitial residual liquid that was prevented from rising past the phenocryst cap. This asymmetric texture is clearly visible in vertically oriented thin sections. Quantitative measures of the textural anisotropy indicate that compaction reached a 35% maximum where the incompatible element concentrations in the flow reached a minimum. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Philpotts, Anthony R AU - Reidel, Stephen P AU - Philpotts, Doreen E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 268 EP - 269 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - flood basalts KW - Cohassett Flow KW - volcanic rocks KW - igneous rocks KW - thin sections KW - recrystallization KW - Cenozoic KW - mineral composition KW - quantitative analysis KW - mixing KW - basalts KW - chemical composition KW - Washington KW - patterns KW - textures KW - matrix KW - differentiation KW - Columbia River Basalt Group KW - Hanford Site KW - Miocene KW - measurement KW - compaction KW - Tertiary KW - Neogene KW - magmas KW - crystallization KW - phenocrysts KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51791759?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Crystal-mush+compaction+and+differentiation+in+the+Cohassett+flood-basalt+flow%2C+Hanford%2C+Washington&rft.au=Philpotts%2C+Anthony+R%3BReidel%2C+Stephen+P%3BPhilpotts%2C+Doreen+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Philpotts&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=268&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - basalts; Cenozoic; chemical composition; Cohassett Flow; Columbia River Basalt Group; compaction; crystallization; differentiation; flood basalts; Hanford Site; igneous rocks; magmas; matrix; measurement; mineral composition; Miocene; mixing; Neogene; patterns; phenocrysts; quantitative analysis; recrystallization; Tertiary; textures; thin sections; United States; volcanic rocks; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Inherent Biases in Environmental Research and Their Effects on Public Policy AN - 60458485; 200304990 AB - Three types of bias: personal, institutional, & sociocultural, will be examined together with their effects on public policy. Personal bias exists whenever a scientist, instead of being solely motivated by the search for empirical truth, tries to gain a personal benefit or advantage from research results or is unduly influenced by ideological commitments. Institutional bias occurs because "every institution directs its activities to the perpetuation of its own power & to a narrow range of objectives & missions" (Barbour IG, Technology, environment, & human values. New York: Praeger, 1980). Sociocultural bias in Western industrialized society is reflected by the fact that most research is narrowly focused only on the mechanistic understanding of natural phenomena, a bias which arose from the discovery that mechanistic knowledge enhances the "control" & exploitation of nature. Based on a detailed analysis of each kind of bias, it will be shown that self-interest, whether that of an individual scientist, a funding institution, or an entire society, is the primary cause of bias in environmental research. In general, the greater the stakes, the greater the distortion of objectivity, & the greater the likelihood that environmental policies are biased in favor of the entity that is afflicted by the excessive self-interest. Finally, a number of recommendations are given on how to minimize each type of bias & thereby maximize the effectiveness of environmental policies. 37 References. Adapted from the source document. JF - Futures AU - Huesemann, Michael H AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory/Marine Science, Sequim, WA michael.huesemann@pnl.gov Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - September 2002 SP - 621 EP - 633 VL - 34 IS - 7 SN - 0016-3287, 0016-3287 KW - Subjectivity KW - Policy Making KW - Scientific Research KW - Environmental Policy KW - Public Policy KW - Bias KW - article KW - 2462: policy, planning, forecasting; policy sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60458485?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Futures&rft.atitle=The+Inherent+Biases+in+Environmental+Research+and+Their+Effects+on+Public+Policy&rft.au=Huesemann%2C+Michael+H&rft.aulast=Huesemann&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=621&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Futures&rft.issn=00163287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - FUTUBD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bias; Subjectivity; Scientific Research; Public Policy; Environmental Policy; Policy Making ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ab initio quantum mechanical modeling of infrared vibrational frequencies of the OH group in dioctahedral phyllosilicates; Part II, Main physical factors governing the OH vibrations AN - 52065289; 2002-067180 AB - The physical factors responsible for the variability observed in OH infrared (IR) fundamentals in dioctahedral phyllosilicates, due to octahedral substitution of Al (super 3+) by Mg (super 2+) , Fe (super 2+) , and Fe (super 3+) , are discussed here. The data analyzed consist of experimental frequencies as well as frequencies modeled using Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The charge of the octahedral cations surrounding the OH is one of the main factors affecting both the OH stretch and the in-plane bend; cationic electronegativity and ionic radius play important roles in the stretch and bend modes, respectively. The mass of the octahedral cations does not affect the OH fundamental vibrations. The nature of the octahedral cations alone can explain most of the variability observed in the OH in-plane bend, making this fundamental vibration the most suitable for assessing octahedral composition. Discrepancies between modeled and experimental OH stretch frequencies indicate the existence of other factors governing this fundamental vibration. Further DFT calculations indicate that apical O atoms of the tetrahedral sheet with unsatisfied charges due to octahedral and/or tetrahedral substitutions can explain these discrepancies. The modeling results are utilized to predict the frequency of the OH stretch and in-plane-bend combination band that occurs near 4545 cm (super -1) (2.2 mu m) in phyllosilicates. This band can be observed in imaging spectrometer data, allowing for the detection and analysis of phyllosilicates and other minerals in large natural systems. The modeling results confirm that the variability observed in the combination band of dioctahedral phyllosilicates reflects octahedral and, to a certain degree, tetrahedral composition, but not interlayer composition. JF - American Mineralogist AU - Martinez-Alonso, Sara AU - Rustad, James R AU - Goetz, Alexander F H Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - September 2002 SP - 1224 EP - 1234 PB - Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC VL - 87 IS - 8-9 SN - 0003-004X, 0003-004X KW - silicates KW - mechanical properties KW - frequency KW - electronegativity KW - infrared spectra KW - models KW - hydroxides KW - physical properties KW - vibration KW - oxides KW - cations KW - sheet silicates KW - spectra KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52065289?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=Ab+initio+quantum+mechanical+modeling+of+infrared+vibrational+frequencies+of+the+OH+group+in+dioctahedral+phyllosilicates%3B+Part+II%2C+Main+physical+factors+governing+the+OH+vibrations&rft.au=Martinez-Alonso%2C+Sara%3BRustad%2C+James+R%3BGoetz%2C+Alexander+F+H&rft.aulast=Martinez-Alonso&rft.aufirst=Sara&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=8-9&rft.spage=1224&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Mineralogist&rft.issn=0003004X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ammin.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 44 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AMMIAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cations; electronegativity; frequency; hydroxides; infrared spectra; mechanical properties; models; oxides; physical properties; sheet silicates; silicates; spectra; vibration ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ab initio quantum mechanical modeling of infrared vibrational frequencies of the OH group in dioctahedral phyllosilicates; Part I, Methods, results and comparison to experimental data AN - 52061755; 2002-067179 AB - The infrared (IR) spectra of small clusters of atoms ([MM'(OH) (sub 2) ] and [MM'(OH) (sub 2) (H (sub 2) O) (sub 6) ], where M, M'= Al (super 3+) , Mg (super 2+) , Fe (super 2+) , Fe (super 3+) ) mimicking the environment of the OH group in dioctahedral phyllosilicates have been modeled using ab initio quantum mechanical calculations. These modeling results are relevant to establishing the connections between IR spectra of phyllosilicates and their composition, and to investigate the utility of quantum mechanical models for calculating IR frequencies of minerals. This study focused on the OH stretch and in-plane bend fundamentals, because they give rise to a combination band near 4545 cm (super -1) (2.2 mu m) that can be observed in imaging spectrometer or hyperspectral remote sensing data. A comparison among results obtained using both ab initio [Hartree-Fock (HF) and Density Functional Theory (DFT)], and semi-empirical [PM3(tm)] methods, showed that the DFT model approaches IR frequency experimental values most closely. IR spectra of phyllosilicates were modeled using the DFT method. The modeled frequencies were scaled using a mode-dependent linear transformation, and experimental frequencies were reproduced satisfactorily. The modeling results show that most of the variability observed in the OH in-plane bend fundamental of dioctahedral phyllosilicates can be explained by the effects of neighboring octahedral cations alone. Discrepancies between modeling and experimental results in the case of the OH stretch point to the existence of factors other than the nature of the neighboring octahedral cations, such as tetrahedral substitution, affecting this fundamental mode. JF - American Mineralogist AU - Martinez-Alonso, Sara AU - Rustad, James R AU - Goetz, Alexander F H Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - September 2002 SP - 1215 EP - 1223 PB - Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC VL - 87 IS - 8-9 SN - 0003-004X, 0003-004X KW - silicates KW - models KW - hydroxides KW - experimental studies KW - vibration KW - oxides KW - sheet silicates KW - mechanical properties KW - spectra KW - frequency KW - infrared spectra KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52061755?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=Ab+initio+quantum+mechanical+modeling+of+infrared+vibrational+frequencies+of+the+OH+group+in+dioctahedral+phyllosilicates%3B+Part+I%2C+Methods%2C+results+and+comparison+to+experimental+data&rft.au=Martinez-Alonso%2C+Sara%3BRustad%2C+James+R%3BGoetz%2C+Alexander+F+H&rft.aulast=Martinez-Alonso&rft.aufirst=Sara&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=8-9&rft.spage=1215&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Mineralogist&rft.issn=0003004X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ammin.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 70 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AMMIAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - experimental studies; frequency; hydroxides; infrared spectra; mechanical properties; models; oxides; sheet silicates; silicates; spectra; vibration ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Hanford Site; environmental report for calendar year 2001 AN - 51962373; 2003-054844 JF - Hanford Site; environmental report for calendar year 2001 A2 - Poston, T. M. A2 - Hanf, R. W. A2 - Dirkes, R. L. A2 - Morasch, L. F. Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - September 2002 KW - United States KW - Resource Conservation and Recovery Act KW - soil vapor extraction KW - annual report KW - Grant County Washington KW - Franklin County Washington KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - environmental management KW - report KW - pump-and-treat KW - Benton County Washington KW - Superfund sites KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - programs KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - effluents KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51962373?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Hanford+Site%3B+environmental+report+for+calendar+year+2001&rft.title=Hanford+Site%3B+environmental+report+for+calendar+year+2001&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Availability - U. S. Department of Commerce, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 99 tables, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rate controls for heterogeneous electron transfer at Fe(III)-oxide surfaces AN - 51679233; 2005-063976 JF - Abstracts of the ... General Meeting of the International Mineralogical Association AU - Rosso, Kevin M AU - Zachara, J M AU - Parsons, Ian Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - September 2002 SP - 106 PB - International Mineralogical Association, [location varies] VL - 18 KW - iron oxides KW - coordination KW - bonding KW - iron KW - hydroxyl ion KW - ferric iron KW - hematite KW - metals KW - theoretical models KW - oxides KW - heterogeneity KW - mineral surface KW - Eh KW - electrons KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51679233?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+the+...+General+Meeting+of+the+International+Mineralogical+Association&rft.atitle=Rate+controls+for+heterogeneous+electron+transfer+at+Fe%28III%29-oxide+surfaces&rft.au=Rosso%2C+Kevin+M%3BZachara%2C+J+M%3BParsons%2C+Ian&rft.aulast=Rosso&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=&rft.spage=106&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+the+...+General+Meeting+of+the+International+Mineralogical+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 18th general meeting of the International Mineralogical Association N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03852 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bonding; coordination; Eh; electrons; ferric iron; hematite; heterogeneity; hydroxyl ion; iron; iron oxides; metals; mineral surface; oxides; theoretical models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potential proton sites in high-pressure silicates AN - 51676920; 2005-063888 JF - Abstracts of the ... General Meeting of the International Mineralogical Association AU - Ross, N L AU - Gibbs, G V AU - Rosso, Kevin M AU - Parsons, Ian Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - September 2002 SP - 80 PB - International Mineralogical Association, [location varies] VL - 18 KW - silicates KW - silica minerals KW - coordination KW - olivine group KW - crystal structure KW - bonding KW - protons KW - solution KW - perovskite structure KW - coesite KW - ringwoodite KW - laboratory studies KW - theoretical studies KW - phase equilibria KW - wadsleyite KW - orthosilicates KW - framework silicates KW - synthesis KW - P-T conditions KW - electrons KW - water KW - experimental studies KW - pressure KW - physicochemical properties KW - high pressure KW - nesosilicates KW - hydration KW - 17A:General geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51676920?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+the+...+General+Meeting+of+the+International+Mineralogical+Association&rft.atitle=Potential+proton+sites+in+high-pressure+silicates&rft.au=Ross%2C+N+L%3BGibbs%2C+G+V%3BRosso%2C+Kevin+M%3BParsons%2C+Ian&rft.aulast=Ross&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=&rft.spage=80&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+the+...+General+Meeting+of+the+International+Mineralogical+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 18th general meeting of the International Mineralogical Association N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03852 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bonding; coesite; coordination; crystal structure; electrons; experimental studies; framework silicates; high pressure; hydration; laboratory studies; nesosilicates; olivine group; orthosilicates; P-T conditions; perovskite structure; phase equilibria; physicochemical properties; pressure; protons; ringwoodite; silica minerals; silicates; solution; synthesis; theoretical studies; wadsleyite; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of Mn oxides on the reduction of uranium(VI) by the metal-reducing bacterium Shewanella putrefaciens AN - 51336023; 2002-075029 AB - The potential for Mn oxides to modify the biogeochemical behavior of U during reduction by the subsurface bacterium Shewanella putrefaciens strain CN32 was investigated using synthetic Mn(III/IV) oxides (pyrolusite [beta -MnO (sub 2) ], bixbyite [Mn (sub 2) O (sub 3) ] and K (super +) -birnessite [K (sub 4) Mn (sub 14) O (sub 27) .8H (sub 2) O]). In the absence of bacteria, pyrolusite and bixbyite oxidized biogenic uraninite (UO (sub 2) [s]) to soluble U(VI) species, with bixbyite being the most rapid oxidant. The Mn(III/IV) oxides lowered the bioreduction rate of U(VI) relative to rates in their absence or in the presence of gibbsite (Al[OH] (sub 3) ) added as a non-redox-reactive surface. Evolved Mn(II) increased with increasing initial U(VI) concentration in the biotic experiments, indicating that valence cycling of U facilitated the reduction of Mn(III/IV). Despite an excess of the Mn oxide, 43 to 100% of the initial U was bioreduced after extended incubation. Analysis of thin sections of bacterial Mn oxide suspensions revealed that the reduced U resided in the periplasmic space of the bacterial cells. However, in the absence of Mn(III/IV) oxides, UO (sub 2) (s) accumulated as copious fine-grained particles external to the cell. These results indicate that the presence of Mn(III/IV) oxides may impede the biological reduction of U(VI) in subsoils and sediments. However, the accumulation of U(IV) in the cell periplasm may physically protect reduced U from oxidation, promoting at least a temporal state of redox disequilibria. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Fredrickson, James K AU - Zachara, John M AU - Kennedy, David W AU - Liu, Chongxuan AU - Duff, Martine C AU - Hunter, Douglas B AU - Dohnalkova, Alice Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - September 2002 SP - 3247 EP - 3262 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 66 IS - 18 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - data processing KW - Shewanella putrefaciens KW - organo-metallics KW - X-ray spectra KW - TEM data KW - Shewanella KW - XANES spectra KW - biogenic processes KW - metals KW - Fourier analysis KW - bacteria KW - manganese oxides KW - EXAFS data KW - oxides KW - uranium KW - spectra KW - reduction KW - geochemistry KW - actinides KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51336023?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Influence+of+Mn+oxides+on+the+reduction+of+uranium%28VI%29+by+the+metal-reducing+bacterium+Shewanella+putrefaciens&rft.au=Fredrickson%2C+James+K%3BZachara%2C+John+M%3BKennedy%2C+David+W%3BLiu%2C+Chongxuan%3BDuff%2C+Martine+C%3BHunter%2C+Douglas+B%3BDohnalkova%2C+Alice&rft.aulast=Fredrickson&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=18&rft.spage=3247&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2802%2900928-6 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 72 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; bacteria; biogenic processes; data processing; EXAFS data; Fourier analysis; geochemistry; manganese oxides; metals; organo-metallics; oxides; reduction; Shewanella; Shewanella putrefaciens; spectra; TEM data; uranium; X-ray diffraction data; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(02)00928-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sources and migration of plutonium in groundwater at the Savannah River Site AN - 50274018; 2007-100486 JF - Environmental Science & Technology, ES & T AU - Dai, Minhan AU - Kelley, James M AU - Buesseler, Ken O Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - September 2002 SP - 3690 EP - 3699 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 36 IS - 17 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - United States KW - Pu-240/Pu-239 KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - concentration KW - in situ KW - South Carolina KW - isotopes KW - plutonium KW - isotope ratios KW - pollution KW - observation wells KW - migration of elements KW - environmental analysis KW - seepage KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - radioactive isotopes KW - detection KW - metals KW - nuclear facilities KW - Savannah River Site KW - actinides KW - chemical fractionation KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50274018?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.atitle=Sources+and+migration+of+plutonium+in+groundwater+at+the+Savannah+River+Site&rft.au=Dai%2C+Minhan%3BKelley%2C+James+M%3BBuesseler%2C+Ken+O&rft.aulast=Dai&rft.aufirst=Minhan&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=17&rft.spage=3690&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/journals/esthag/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 48 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ESTHAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; chemical fractionation; concentration; detection; environmental analysis; ground water; in situ; isotope ratios; isotopes; metals; migration of elements; nuclear facilities; observation wells; plutonium; pollution; Pu-240/Pu-239; radioactive isotopes; Savannah River Site; seepage; South Carolina; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relationships between soil microbial biomass determined by chloroform fumigation-extraction, substrate-induced respiration, and phospholipid fatty acid analysis AN - 18607654; 5515933 AB - The soil microbial biomass (SMB) is responsible for many of the cycles and transformations of nutrients in soils. Three methods of measuring and describing this pool in soil are: (1) chloroform fumigation-extraction (CFE), (2) substrate-induced respiration, and (3) total extractable phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA). This study was conducted to seek a relationship between microbial PLFA and measures of SMB. Microbial PLFA was best predicted by CFE (R super(2) = 0.77); 1 nmol of PLFA corresponded to a flush of 2.4 mu g C released by fumigation. This conversion factor will be useful in discussions of microbial populations and diversity and allow comparisons to literature in which only CFE is used to describe the size of the microbial biomass. JF - Soil Biology and Biochemistry AU - Bailey, V L AU - Peacock, AD AU - Smith, J L AU - Bolton, H Jr AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, MSIN P7-50, Richland, WA 99352, USA, vanessa.bailey@pnl.gov Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - Sep 2002 SP - 1385 EP - 1389 VL - 34 IS - 9 SN - 0038-0717, 0038-0717 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04001:Methodology - general KW - D 04600:Soil UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18607654?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Biology+and+Biochemistry&rft.atitle=Relationships+between+soil+microbial+biomass+determined+by+chloroform+fumigation-extraction%2C+substrate-induced+respiration%2C+and+phospholipid+fatty+acid+analysis&rft.au=Bailey%2C+V+L%3BPeacock%2C+AD%3BSmith%2C+J+L%3BBolton%2C+H+Jr&rft.aulast=Bailey&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1385&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Biology+and+Biochemistry&rft.issn=00380717&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - DNA-Targeted 2-Nitroimidazoles: Studies of the Influence of the Phenanthridine-Linked Nitroimidazoles, 2-NLP-3 and 2-NLP-4, on DNA Damage Induced by Ionizing Radiation AN - 18461034; 5439287 AB - The nitroimidazole-linked phenanthridines 2-NLP-3 (5-[3-(2-nitro-1-imidazoyl)-propyl]-phenanthridinium bromide) and 2-NLP-4 (5-[3-(2-nitro-1-imidazoyl)-butyl]-phenanthridinium bromide) are composed of the radiosensitizer, 2-nitroimidazole, attached to the DNA intercalator phenanthridine by a 3- and 4-carbon linker, respectively. Previous in vitro assays showed both compounds to be 10-100 times more efficient as hypoxic cell radiosensitizers (based on external drug concentrations) than the untargeted 2-nitroimidazole radiosensitizer, misonidazole (Cowan et al., Radiat. Res. 127, 81-89, 1991). Here we have used a 32P postlabeling assay and 5'-end-labeled oligonucleotide assay to compare the radiation-induced DNA damage generated in the presence of 2-NLP-3, 2-NLP-4, phenanthridine and misonidazole. After irradiation of the DNA under anoxic conditions, we observed a significantly greater level of 3'-phosphoglycolate DNA damage in the presence of 2-NLP-3 or 2-NLP-4 compared to irradiation of the DNA in the presence of misonidazole. This may account at least in part for the greater cellular radiosensitization shown by the nitroimidazole-linked phenanthridines over misonidazole. Of the two nitroimidazole-linked phenanthridines, the better in vitro radiosensitizer, 2-NLP-4, generated more 3'-phosphoglycolate in DNA than did 2-NLP-3. At all concentrations, phenanthridine had little effect on the levels of DNA damage, suggesting that the enhanced radiosensitization displayed by 2-NLP-3 and 2-NLP-4 is due to the localization of the 2-nitroimidazole to the DNA by the phenanthridine substituent and not to radiosensitization by the phenanthridine moiety itself. JF - Radiation Research AU - Buchko, G W AU - Weinfeld, M AD - Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, michaelw@cancerboard.ab.ca Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - Sep 2002 SP - 302 EP - 310 PB - The Radiation Research Society VL - 158 IS - 3 SN - 0033-7587, 0033-7587 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24210:Radiation & radioactive materials UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18461034?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+Research&rft.atitle=DNA-Targeted+2-Nitroimidazoles%3A+Studies+of+the+Influence+of+the+Phenanthridine-Linked+Nitroimidazoles%2C+2-NLP-3+and+2-NLP-4%2C+on+DNA+Damage+Induced+by+Ionizing+Radiation&rft.au=Buchko%2C+G+W%3BWeinfeld%2C+M&rft.aulast=Buchko&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=158&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=302&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+Research&rft.issn=00337587&rft_id=info:doi/10.1043%2F0033-7587%282002%29158%280302%3ADTNSOT%292.0.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1043/0033-7587(2002)158(0302:DTNSOT)2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Role for NMR in structural genomics AN - 1034817010; 17027036 AB - The 2nd EMSL Workshop on Structural Genomics was held on 28th and 29th July 2000 at the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory at the Department of Energy's Pacific Northwest National Laboratory in Richland, WA. The workshop focused on four topics: 1. The role for NMR in structural and functional genomics; 2. The technical challenges NMR faces for structural and functional genomics; 3. The potential need for a national NMR center for structural and functional genomics in the United States; and 4. Organization of the NMR community. This report summarizes the workshop proceedings and conclusions reached regarding the role of NMR in the emerging fields of structural and functional genomics. JF - Journal of Structural and Functional Genomics AU - Kennedy, Michael A AU - Montelione, Gaetano T AU - Arrowsmith, Cheryl H AU - Markley, John L AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - Sep 2002 SP - 155 EP - 169 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 2 IS - 3 SN - 1345-711X, 1345-711X KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - Conferences KW - Energy KW - N.M.R. KW - Structure-function relationships KW - genomics KW - W 30910:Imaging KW - G 07880:Human Genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1034817010?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Structural+and+Functional+Genomics&rft.atitle=Role+for+NMR+in+structural+genomics&rft.au=Kennedy%2C+Michael+A%3BMontelione%2C+Gaetano+T%3BArrowsmith%2C+Cheryl+H%3BMarkley%2C+John+L&rft.aulast=Kennedy&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=155&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Structural+and+Functional+Genomics&rft.issn=1345711X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1023%2FA%3A1021261026670 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-09-10 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Conferences; Structure-function relationships; Energy; N.M.R.; genomics DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1021261026670 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Global analysis of the Deinococcus radiodurans proteome by using accurate mass tags AN - 18453403; 5431877 AB - Understanding biological systems and the roles of their constituents is facilitated by the ability to make quantitative, sensitive, and comprehensive measurements of how their proteome changes, e.g., in response to environmental perturbations. To this end, we have developed a high-throughput methodology to characterize an organism's dynamic proteome based on the combination of global enzymatic digestion, high-resolution liquid chromatographic separations, and analysis by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. The peptides produced serve as accurate mass tags for the proteins and have been used to identify with high confidence >61% of the predicted proteome for the ionizing radiation-resistant bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans. This fraction represents the broadest proteome coverage for any organism to date and includes 715 proteins previously annotated as either hypothetical or conserved hypothetical. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA AU - Lipton AU - Pasa-Tolic, L AU - Anderson, G A AU - Anderson, D J AU - Auberry, D L AU - Battista, J R AU - Daly, MJ AU - Fredrickson, J AU - Hixson, K K AU - Kostandarithes, H AU - Masselon, C AU - Markillie, L M AU - Moore, R J AU - Romine, M F AD - Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Biogeochemistry, Molecular Biosciences, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MSIN: K8-98, Richland, WA 99352, rds@pnl.gov Y1 - 2002/08/20/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Aug 20 SP - 11049 EP - 11054 VL - 99 IS - 17 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - analysis KW - proteomes KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 350:Bioinformatics KW - J 02727:Amino acids, peptides and proteins UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18453403?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences%2C+USA&rft.atitle=Global+analysis+of+the+Deinococcus+radiodurans+proteome+by+using+accurate+mass+tags&rft.au=Lipton%3BPasa-Tolic%2C+L%3BAnderson%2C+G+A%3BAnderson%2C+D+J%3BAuberry%2C+D+L%3BBattista%2C+J+R%3BDaly%2C+MJ%3BFredrickson%2C+J%3BHixson%2C+K+K%3BKostandarithes%2C+H%3BMasselon%2C+C%3BMarkillie%2C+L+M%3BMoore%2C+R+J%3BRomine%2C+M+F&rft.aulast=Lipton&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2002-08-20&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=17&rft.spage=11049&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences%2C+USA&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/10.1073%2Fpnas.172170199 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.172170199 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phorbol ester induces elevated oxidative activity and alkalization in a subset of lysosomes. AN - 71978616; 12165102 AB - BACKGROUNDLysosomes are acidic organelles that play multiple roles in various cellular oxidative activities such as the oxidative burst during cytotoxic killing. It remains to be determined how lysosomal lumen oxidative activity and pH interact and are regulated. Here, I report the use of fluorescent probes to measure oxidative activity and pH of lysosomes in live macrophages upon treatment with the tumor promotor phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), and providing new insight on regulation mechanism of oxidative activity and pH.RESULTSThe substrate used to measure oxidative activity was bovine serum albumin covalently coupled to dihydro-2',4,5,6,7,7'-hexafluorofluorescein (OxyBURST Green H2HFF BSA). During pulse-chase procedures with live macrophages, this reduced dye was internalized through an endocytic pathway and accumulated in the lysosomes. Oxidation of this compound, which results in fluorescence increases, depends on the redox potential in the lysosomal lumen. By using low-light level fluorescence microscopy, I determined that phorbol ester treatment results in increased oxidative activity and pH elevation in different subsets of lysosomes. Furthermore, lysosomes with stronger oxidative activity tend to exclude an acidotropic lysosomal indicator, and thus exhibit higher alkalinity.CONCLUSIONResults indicate that there is a regulatory mechanism between lysosomal oxidative activity and pH. Activation of lysosomal Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate (NADPH) oxidase by phorbol ester may result in increase of intralysosomal O2- and H2O2, concurrent with pH elevation due to consumption of H+ and generation of OH-. Furthermore, effect of phorbol ester on elevated oxidative activity and pH is heterogeneous among total lysosomal population. Higher oxidative activity and/or pH are only observed in subsets of lysosomes. JF - BMC cell biology AU - Chen, Chii-Shiarng AD - Molecular Bioscience, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA. chii-shiarng.chen@pnl.gov Y1 - 2002/08/06/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Aug 06 SP - 21 VL - 3 KW - Fluorescent Dyes KW - 0 KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Index Medicus KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - Microscopy, Fluorescence KW - Animals KW - Macrophages -- chemistry KW - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration -- drug effects KW - Mice KW - Fluorescent Dyes -- chemistry KW - Macrophages -- drug effects KW - Models, Biological KW - Cell Line KW - Macrophages -- metabolism KW - Lysosomes -- chemistry KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Lysosomes -- metabolism KW - Lysosomes -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71978616?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BMC+cell+biology&rft.atitle=Phorbol+ester+induces+elevated+oxidative+activity+and+alkalization+in+a+subset+of+lysosomes.&rft.au=Chen%2C+Chii-Shiarng&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Chii-Shiarng&rft.date=2002-08-06&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=21&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BMC+cell+biology&rft.issn=1471-2121&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-08-23 N1 - Date created - 2002-08-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Virchows Arch B Cell Pathol Incl Mol Pathol. 1993;64(6):401-6 [8148962] J Leukoc Biol. 1989 Mar;45(3):239-48 [2538531] APMIS. 1988 Jan;96(1):3-13 [3278721] Blood. 1986 Feb;67(2):334-42 [3002523] J Clin Invest. 1981 May;67(5):1541-9 [7229038] J Cell Biol. 1996 Nov;135(3):611-22 [8909537] Metabolism. 1996 Sep;45(9):1069-79 [8781293] J Immunol Methods. 1990 Jul 3;130(2):223-33 [2165099] Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol. 1990;25(6):385-414 [2127241] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 May 26;95(11):6373-8 [9600972] Histochem J. 1997 Nov-Dec;29(11-12):857-65 [9466153] Biophys J. 1998 Jan;74(1):90-7 [9449313] Bioessays. 1996 Nov;18(11):895-903 [8939067] Clin Chim Acta. 1999 Feb;280(1-2):173-9 [10090534] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A re-evaluation of the 131I atmospheric releases from the Hanford site. AN - 71929772; 12132709 AB - The atmospheric release of 131I from the Hanford site for the 1950's and 1960's, focused on the period of releases after the year 1950, has been re-evaluated using processing plant stack monitoring data to address a series of questions and concerns that have arisen related to the source term. Historical stack monitoring data have been used to re-assess the releases by creating either a release factor to use with the calculated plant throughput or using the stack monitoring results as the basic estimate, and the results have been verified using historical atmospheric monitoring data from a location several kilometers distant. Uncertainties in all of the historical data have been addressed in the re-assessment. Compared to the original estimate between 1950 and 1971 of 2.46 +/- 0.71 PBq, the stack monitoring results show a release of 131I to the atmosphere of 1.55 +/- 0.23 PBq. The concurrent atmospheric monitoring results imply a release of 1.75 +/- 0.11 PBq over the same period, but this result is inflated by inclusion of global fallout The total effective dose estimated to a full-time, nearby adult resident from 131I using the Heeb source term from 1950 through 1972 is 0.73 mSv; using the source term based on stack monitoring data in the Hanford Environmental Dose Reconstruction project models, it is 0.51 mSv. JF - Health physics AU - Napier, B A AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA. Bruce.Napier@pnl.gov Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 204 EP - 226 VL - 83 IS - 2 SN - 0017-9078, 0017-9078 KW - Air Pollutants, Radioactive KW - 0 KW - Iodine Radioisotopes KW - Index Medicus KW - Radiation Dosage KW - Washington KW - Time Factors KW - Radiation Monitoring KW - Iodine Radioisotopes -- analysis KW - Air Pollutants, Radioactive -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71929772?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+physics&rft.atitle=A+re-evaluation+of+the+131I+atmospheric+releases+from+the+Hanford+site.&rft.au=Napier%2C+B+A&rft.aulast=Napier&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=204&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+physics&rft.issn=00179078&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-07-31 N1 - Date created - 2002-07-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - EXAFS study of rare-earth element coordination in calcite AN - 52067502; 2002-064974 AB - Extended X-ray absorption fine-structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy is used to characterize the local coordination of selected rare-earth elements (Nd (super 3+) , Sm (super 3+) , Dy (super 3+) , Yb (super 3+) ) coprecipitated with calcite in minor concentrations from room-temperature aqueous solutions. Fitting results confirm substitution in the Ca site, but first-shell Nd-O and Sm-O distances are longer than the Ca-O distance in calcite and longer than what is consistent with ionic radii sums for sixfold coordination in the octahedral Ca site. In contrast, first-shell Dy-O and Yb-O distances are shorter than the Ca-O distance and are consistent with ionic radii sums for sixfold coordination. Comparison of Nd-O and Sm-O bond lengths with those in lanthanide sesquioxides and with ionic radii trends across the lanthanide series suggests that Nd (super 3+) and Sm (super 3+) have sevenfold coordination in a modified Ca site in calcite. This would require some disruption of the local structure, with an expected decrease in stability, and possibly a different charge compensation mechanism between Nd and Sm vs. Yb and Dy. A possible explanation for the increased coordination for the larger rare-earth elements involves bidentate ligation from a CO (sub 3) group. Because trivalent actinides such as Am (super 3+) and Cm (super 3+) have ionic radii similar to Nd (super 3+) , their incorporation in calcite may result in a similar defect structure. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Elzinga, E J AU - Reeder, R J AU - Withers, S H AU - Peale, R E AU - Mason, R A AU - Beck, K M AU - Hess, W P Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 2875 EP - 2885 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 66 IS - 16 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - dysprosium KW - experimental studies KW - oxygen KW - coordination KW - crystal structure KW - bonding KW - aqueous solutions KW - calcite KW - laboratory studies KW - metals KW - mineral data KW - EXAFS data KW - ytterbium KW - samarium KW - rare earths KW - trace elements KW - synthesis KW - neodymium KW - crystal chemistry KW - carbonates KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52067502?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=EXAFS+study+of+rare-earth+element+coordination+in+calcite&rft.au=Elzinga%2C+E+J%3BReeder%2C+R+J%3BWithers%2C+S+H%3BPeale%2C+R+E%3BMason%2C+R+A%3BBeck%2C+K+M%3BHess%2C+W+P&rft.aulast=Elzinga&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=16&rft.spage=2875&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2802%2900888-8 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aqueous solutions; bonding; calcite; carbonates; coordination; crystal chemistry; crystal structure; dysprosium; EXAFS data; experimental studies; laboratory studies; metals; mineral data; neodymium; oxygen; rare earths; samarium; synthesis; trace elements; ytterbium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(02)00888-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of regularized discrimination analysis to regional seismic event identification AN - 52027825; 2003-010760 AB - We present multivariate seismic event identification methods that can be applied to a large number of highly correlated regional discriminants. The methods employ the ridge discrimination techniques first proposed by Smidt and McDonald (1976). Ridge discrimination was developed to address the problems associated with discrimination in high-dimension, colinear settings and is readily adaptable to linear, quadratic, and outlier identification rules. Ridge discrimination is a special case of regularized discrimination analysis (RDA) developed by Friedman (1989). RDA includes linear discrimination (LDA), quadratic discrimination (QDA), and Euclidean distance-based nearest mean discrimination in its parameterization. We propose a new approach to the optimal selection of RDA parameters. We show that the techniques presented in this article can be used to transition from an outlier analysis approach to seismic identification to classical discrimination, as quality explosion calibration data are collected. We demonstrate the importance of including the correlation structure between seismic measurements in event identification. Not including this correlation structure in any identification framework can aggravate identification errors and give an erroneous impression of capability. With the techniques presented, a large number of discriminants can be used and no a priori subselection of discriminants is necessary. JF - Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America AU - Anderson, Dale N AU - Taylor, Steven R Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 2391 EP - 2399 PB - Seismological Society of America, Berkeley, CA VL - 92 IS - 6 SN - 0037-1106, 0037-1106 KW - discriminant analysis KW - explosions KW - statistical analysis KW - calibration KW - spatial distribution KW - errors KW - factors KW - seismicity KW - identification KW - mathematical methods KW - algorithms KW - earthquakes KW - accuracy KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52027825?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+the+Seismological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Application+of+regularized+discrimination+analysis+to+regional+seismic+event+identification&rft.au=Anderson%2C+Dale+N%3BTaylor%2C+Steven+R&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.aufirst=Dale&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=92&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2391&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+the+Seismological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00371106&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - BSSAAP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; algorithms; calibration; discriminant analysis; earthquakes; errors; explosions; factors; identification; mathematical methods; seismicity; spatial distribution; statistical analysis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A vadose zone water fluxmeter with divergence control AN - 52012449; 2003-022282 JF - Water Resources Research AU - Gee, G W AU - Ward, A L AU - Caldwell, T G AU - Ritter, J C Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 7 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 38 IS - 8 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - solute transport KW - soils KW - water storage KW - water supply KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - moisture KW - drainage KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - techniques KW - fluid dynamics KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - sampling KW - lysimeters KW - instruments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52012449?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=A+vadose+zone+water+fluxmeter+with+divergence+control&rft.au=Gee%2C+G+W%3BWard%2C+A+L%3BCaldwell%2C+T+G%3BRitter%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Gee&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2001WR000816 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - drainage; fluid dynamics; ground water; instruments; lysimeters; moisture; monitoring; pollutants; pollution; sampling; simulation; soils; solute transport; techniques; unsaturated zone; water storage; water supply DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2001WR000816 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regulation and assembly of extracellular polymeric substances by the facultative metal reducing bacterium Shewanella oneidensis strain MR-1 AN - 51889222; 2004-013564 JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Gorby, Y A AU - McLean, J AU - Pinchuk, G AU - Hill, E A AU - Dohnalkova, Alice AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 286 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 66 IS - 15A SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - experimental studies KW - biochemistry KW - Shewanella putrefaciens KW - TEM data KW - Shewanella KW - iron KW - aerobic environment KW - laboratory studies KW - biogenic processes KW - metals KW - Shewanella oneidensis KW - bacteria KW - anaerobic environment KW - reduction KW - polymers KW - geochemistry KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51889222?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Regulation+and+assembly+of+extracellular+polymeric+substances+by+the+facultative+metal+reducing+bacterium+Shewanella+oneidensis+strain+MR-1&rft.au=Gorby%2C+Y+A%3BMcLean%2C+J%3BPinchuk%2C+G%3BHill%2C+E+A%3BDohnalkova%2C+Alice%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gorby&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=15A&rft.spage=286&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 12th annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerobic environment; anaerobic environment; bacteria; biochemistry; biogenic processes; experimental studies; geochemistry; iron; laboratory studies; metals; polymers; reduction; Shewanella; Shewanella oneidensis; Shewanella putrefaciens; TEM data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dating ultra-deep mine waters with noble gases and (super 36) Cl, Witwatersrand Basin, South Africa AN - 51888265; 2004-015490 JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Lippmann, J AU - Stute, Martin AU - Torgersen, T AU - Moser, D P AU - Hall, J AU - Lin, Lihung AU - Borcsik, M AU - Bellamy, R E S AU - Onstott, T C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 458 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 66 IS - 15A SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - mining KW - Xe-136/Xe-132 KW - oxygen KW - underground mining KW - isotopes KW - halogens KW - Xe-134/Xe-132 KW - continental crust KW - He-4 KW - stable isotopes KW - ground water KW - radioactive isotopes KW - Ar-40/Ar-36 KW - noble gases KW - age KW - helium KW - South Africa KW - deuterium KW - geochemistry KW - Witwatersrand KW - chlorine KW - concentration KW - isotope ratios KW - Cl-36 KW - O-18/O-16 KW - xenon KW - hydrochemistry KW - depth KW - argon KW - dissolved materials KW - D/H KW - hydrogen KW - Southern Africa KW - residence time KW - Africa KW - crust KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51888265?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Dating+ultra-deep+mine+waters+with+noble+gases+and+%28super+36%29+Cl%2C+Witwatersrand+Basin%2C+South+Africa&rft.au=Lippmann%2C+J%3BStute%2C+Martin%3BTorgersen%2C+T%3BMoser%2C+D+P%3BHall%2C+J%3BLin%2C+Lihung%3BBorcsik%2C+M%3BBellamy%2C+R+E+S%3BOnstott%2C+T+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lippmann&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=15A&rft.spage=458&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 12th annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Africa; age; Ar-40/Ar-36; argon; chlorine; Cl-36; concentration; continental crust; crust; D/H; depth; deuterium; dissolved materials; geochemistry; ground water; halogens; He-4; helium; hydrochemistry; hydrogen; isotope ratios; isotopes; mining; noble gases; O-18/O-16; oxygen; radioactive isotopes; residence time; South Africa; Southern Africa; stable isotopes; underground mining; Witwatersrand; Xe-134/Xe-132; Xe-136/Xe-132; xenon ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 12th annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference AN - 51875459; 2004-019333 JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Icenhower, J P AU - McGrail, B P AU - Luettge, A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 351 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 66 IS - 15A SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - silicates KW - experimental studies KW - data processing KW - alkali metals KW - phase transitions KW - sodium KW - silicon KW - radioactive waste KW - laboratory studies KW - theoretical studies KW - borosilicates KW - chemical reactions KW - aluminosilicates KW - dissolved materials KW - metals KW - data bases KW - boron KW - ion exchange KW - waste disposal KW - glass materials KW - geochemistry KW - disposal barriers KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51875459?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=12th+annual+V.+M.+Goldschmidt+conference&rft.au=Icenhower%2C+J+P%3BMcGrail%2C+B+P%3BLuettge%2C+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Icenhower&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=15A&rft.spage=351&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 12th annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; aluminosilicates; boron; borosilicates; chemical reactions; data bases; data processing; disposal barriers; dissolved materials; experimental studies; geochemistry; glass materials; ion exchange; laboratory studies; metals; phase transitions; radioactive waste; silicates; silicon; sodium; theoretical studies; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dissolution kinetics of UO (sub 2) (cr) AN - 51869865; 2004-028361 JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Pierce, E M AU - Martin, W J AU - Serne, R J AU - Icenhower, J P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 602 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 66 IS - 15A SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - uranium dioxide KW - experimental studies KW - mineral-water interface KW - solution KW - chemical reactions KW - saturation KW - metals KW - oxides KW - uranium KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - actinides KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51869865?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Dissolution+kinetics+of+UO+%28sub+2%29+%28cr%29&rft.au=Pierce%2C+E+M%3BMartin%2C+W+J%3BSerne%2C+R+J%3BIcenhower%2C+J+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Pierce&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=15A&rft.spage=602&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 12th annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; chemical reactions; experimental studies; geochemistry; kinetics; metals; mineral-water interface; oxides; saturation; solution; uranium; uranium dioxide ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Theoretical evaluation of electron transfer kinetics at Fe(III)-oxide surfaces with implications for microbial respiration AN - 51865400; 2004-028458 JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Rosso, K M AU - Zachara, J M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 650 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 66 IS - 15A SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - respiration KW - iron oxides KW - rates KW - iron KW - ferric iron KW - theoretical studies KW - biogenic processes KW - chemical reactions KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - oxides KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - electrons KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51865400?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Theoretical+evaluation+of+electron+transfer+kinetics+at+Fe%28III%29-oxide+surfaces+with+implications+for+microbial+respiration&rft.au=Rosso%2C+K+M%3BZachara%2C+J+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Rosso&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=15A&rft.spage=650&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 12th annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biogenic processes; chemical reactions; electrons; ferric iron; geochemistry; iron; iron oxides; kinetics; metals; oxides; rates; respiration; theoretical studies ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The structure of hematite (0001) surfaces in water; STM and resonant tunneling calculations of coexisting O and Fe terminations AN - 51863418; 2004-021131 JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Eggleston, Carrick M AU - Stack, Andrew G AU - Rosso, Kevin M AU - Higgins, Steven R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 207 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 66 IS - 15A SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - resonant tunneling microscopy KW - scanning tunneling microscopy KW - oxygen KW - mineral-water interface KW - electron microscopy data KW - electrochemical properties KW - iron KW - hematite KW - metals KW - oxides KW - crystal chemistry KW - electron microscopy KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51863418?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=The+structure+of+hematite+%280001%29+surfaces+in+water%3B+STM+and+resonant+tunneling+calculations+of+coexisting+O+and+Fe+terminations&rft.au=Eggleston%2C+Carrick+M%3BStack%2C+Andrew+G%3BRosso%2C+Kevin+M%3BHiggins%2C+Steven+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Eggleston&rft.aufirst=Carrick&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=15A&rft.spage=207&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 12th annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - crystal chemistry; electrochemical properties; electron microscopy; electron microscopy data; hematite; iron; metals; mineral-water interface; oxides; oxygen; resonant tunneling microscopy; scanning tunneling microscopy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Colloid facilitated migration of radioelements; mechanisms, significance, and needed conditions AN - 51853231; 2004-036131 JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Zachara, John M AU - Flury, Markus AU - Harsh, James AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 867 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 66 IS - 15A SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - sorption KW - contaminant plumes KW - isotopes KW - unsaturated zone KW - mechanism KW - radioactive waste KW - laboratory studies KW - radioactive isotopes KW - cesium KW - transport KW - zeolite group KW - sodalite group KW - framework silicates KW - high-level waste KW - concentration KW - experimental studies KW - colloidal materials KW - Washington KW - pollutants KW - alkali metals KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - migration of elements KW - Cs-137 KW - metals KW - cancrinite KW - sheet silicates KW - sodalite KW - waste disposal KW - carbonates KW - pore water KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51853231?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Colloid+facilitated+migration+of+radioelements%3B+mechanisms%2C+significance%2C+and+needed+conditions&rft.au=Zachara%2C+John+M%3BFlury%2C+Markus%3BHarsh%2C+James%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zachara&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=15A&rft.spage=867&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 12th annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; cancrinite; carbonates; cesium; colloidal materials; concentration; contaminant plumes; Cs-137; experimental studies; framework silicates; Hanford Site; high-level waste; isotopes; laboratory studies; mechanism; metals; migration of elements; pollutants; pollution; pore water; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; sheet silicates; silicates; sodalite; sodalite group; sorption; transport; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington; waste disposal; zeolite group ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Direct synthesis of Na-autunite AN - 51852913; 2004-036056 JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Wellman, Dawn M AU - Icenhower, Jonathan P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 828 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 66 IS - 15A SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - methods KW - autunite KW - laboratory studies KW - experimental studies KW - Na-autunite KW - crystal growth KW - phosphates KW - synthesis KW - SEM data KW - new methods KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51852913?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Direct+synthesis+of+Na-autunite&rft.au=Wellman%2C+Dawn+M%3BIcenhower%2C+Jonathan+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wellman&rft.aufirst=Dawn&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=15A&rft.spage=828&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 12th annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - autunite; crystal growth; experimental studies; laboratory studies; methods; Na-autunite; new methods; phosphates; SEM data; synthesis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The reductive immobilization of pertechnetate by bioreduced sediments AN - 51340940; 2004-028282 JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - McKinley, J P AU - Zachara, J M AU - Heald, S M AU - Frederickson, J K AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 502 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 66 IS - 15A SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - Shewanella putrefaciens KW - rhodochrosite KW - Shewanella KW - iron KW - XANES spectra KW - laboratory studies KW - mica group KW - Tennessee KW - sediments KW - manganese oxides KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - reduction KW - geochemistry KW - Eh KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - technetium KW - experimental studies KW - Washington KW - Hanford Site KW - pertechnetate KW - X-ray spectra KW - weathering KW - biogenic processes KW - metals KW - biotite KW - bacteria KW - sheet silicates KW - carbonates KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51340940?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=The+reductive+immobilization+of+pertechnetate+by+bioreduced+sediments&rft.au=McKinley%2C+J+P%3BZachara%2C+J+M%3BHeald%2C+S+M%3BFrederickson%2C+J+K%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=McKinley&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=15A&rft.spage=502&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 12th annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biogenic processes; biotite; carbonates; Eh; experimental studies; geochemistry; Hanford Site; iron; laboratory studies; manganese oxides; metals; mica group; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; oxides; pertechnetate; reduction; rhodochrosite; sediments; sheet silicates; Shewanella; Shewanella putrefaciens; silicates; spectra; technetium; Tennessee; United States; Washington; weathering; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fluid flow, heat transfer, and solute transport at nuclear waste storage tanks in the Hanford vadose zone AN - 50078454; 2002-078858 AB - At the Hanford Site, highly radioactive and chemically aggressive waste fluids have leaked from underground storage tanks into the vadose zone. This paper addresses hydrogeological issues at the 241-SX tank farm, especially focusing on Tank SX-108, which is one of the highest heat load, supernate density and ionic strength tanks at Hanford and a known leaker. The behavior of contaminants in the unsaturated zone near SX-108 is determined by an interplay of multiphase fluid flow and heat transfer processes with reactive chemical transport in a complex geological setting. Numerical simulation studies were performed to obtain a better understanding of mass and energy transport in the unique hydrogeologic system created by the SX tank farm. Problem parameters are patterned after conditions at Tank SX-108, and measured data were used whenever possible. Borrowing from techniques developed in geothermal and petroleum reservoir engineering, our simulations feature a comprehensive description of multiphase processes, including boiling and condensation phenomena, and precipitation and dissolution of solids. We find that the thermal perturbation from the tank causes large-scale redistribution of moisture and alters water seepage patterns. During periods of high heat load, fluid and heat flow near the tank are dominated by vapor-liquid counterflow (heat pipe), which provides a much more efficient mechanism than heat conduction for dissipating tank heat. The heat pipe mechanism is also very effective in concentrating dissolved solids near the heat source, where salts may precipitate even if they were only present in small concentrations in ambient fluids. Tank leaks that released aqueous fluids of high ionic strength into the vadose zone were also modeled. The heat load causes formation dry-out beneath the tank, which is accompanied by precipitation of solutes. These may become remobilized at a later time when tank temperatures decline and previously dried out regions are rewetted. Simulated temperature and moisture distributions compare well with borehole measurements performed in 2000. The temperature maximum observed beneath Tank SX-108 can be explained from past thermal history of the tank; it is not necessary to invoke heat generation from leaked radioactive contaminants. A novel composite medium model is used to explore effects of moisture tension-dependent anisotropy, which is shown to have important impacts on fluid flow and solute transport in the Hanford sediments. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Pruess, Karsten AU - Yabusaki, Steve AU - Steefel, Carl AU - Lichtner, Peter Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 68 EP - 88 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 1 IS - 1 KW - United States KW - TOUGH2 KW - solute transport KW - STOMP KW - isotopes KW - underground storage tanks KW - NUFT KW - data processing KW - unsaturated zone KW - mechanism KW - fluid phase KW - temperature KW - radioactive waste KW - radioactive isotopes KW - cesium KW - movement KW - digital simulation KW - sediments KW - Benton County Washington KW - thermodynamic properties KW - geochemistry KW - leaking underground storage tanks KW - Washington KW - FLOTRAN KW - pollutants KW - alkali metals KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - hydrochemistry KW - computer programs KW - Cs-137 KW - liquid waste KW - boiling KW - metals KW - heat transfer KW - Columbia Plateau KW - waste disposal KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50078454?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Fluid+flow%2C+heat+transfer%2C+and+solute+transport+at+nuclear+waste+storage+tanks+in+the+Hanford+vadose+zone&rft.au=Pruess%2C+Karsten%3BYabusaki%2C+Steve%3BSteefel%2C+Carl%3BLichtner%2C+Peter&rft.aulast=Pruess&rft.aufirst=Karsten&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=68&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 65 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Oct. 10, 2002 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; Benton County Washington; boiling; cesium; Columbia Plateau; computer programs; Cs-137; data processing; digital simulation; FLOTRAN; fluid phase; geochemistry; Hanford Site; heat transfer; hydrochemistry; isotopes; leaking underground storage tanks; liquid waste; mechanism; metals; movement; NUFT; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; sediments; solute transport; STOMP; temperature; thermodynamic properties; TOUGH2; underground storage tanks; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prediction of Diffusion Coefficients in Porous Media Using Tortuosity Factors Based on Interfacial Areas AN - 18708903; 5586355 AB - Determination of aqueous phase diffusion coefficients of solutes through porous media is essential for understanding and modeling contaminant transport. Prediction of diffusion coefficients in both saturated and unsaturated zones requires knowledge of tortuosity and constrictivity factors. No methods are available for the direct measurement of these factors, which are empirical in their definition. In this paper, a new definition for the tortuosity factor is proposed, as the real to ideal interfacial area ratio. We define the tortuosity factor for saturated porous media ( tau sub(s)) as the ratio S/S sub(o) (specific surface of real porous medium to that of an idealized capillary bundle). For unsaturated media, tortuosity factor ( tau sub(a)) is defined as a sub(aw)/a sub(aw,o) (ratio of the specific air-water interfacial area of real and the corresponding idealized porous medium). This tortuosity factor is suitably measured using sorptive tracers (e.g., nitrogen adsorption method) for saturated media and interfacial tracers for unsaturated media. A model based on this new definition of tortuosity factors, termed the interfacial area ratio (IAR) model, is presented for the prediction of diffusion coefficients as a function of the degree of water saturation. Diffusion coefficients and diffusive resistances measured in a number of saturated and unsaturated granular porous media, for solutes in dilute aqueous solutions, agree well with the predictions of the IAR model. A comparison of permeability of saturated sands estimated based on tau sub(s) and the same based on the Kozeny-Carman equation confirm the usefulness of the tau sub(s) parameter as a measure of tortuosity. JF - Ground Water AU - Saripalli, K P AU - Serne, R J AU - Meyer, P D AU - McGrail, B P AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 1313 Sigma V Complex (K6-81), Richland, WA 99352, USA, prasad.saripalli@pnl.gov Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 346 EP - 352 VL - 40 IS - 4 SN - 0017-467X, 0017-467X KW - tortuosity KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Prediction KW - Hydraulics KW - Diffusion Coefficient KW - Path of Pollutants KW - Interfaces KW - Groundwater flow KW - Saturation KW - Model Studies KW - Solutes KW - Solute Transport KW - Diffusion KW - Groundwater Movement KW - Hydraulic Properties KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - SW 0840:Groundwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18708903?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water&rft.atitle=Prediction+of+Diffusion+Coefficients+in+Porous+Media+Using+Tortuosity+Factors+Based+on+Interfacial+Areas&rft.au=Saripalli%2C+K+P%3BSerne%2C+R+J%3BMeyer%2C+P+D%3BMcGrail%2C+B+P&rft.aulast=Saripalli&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=346&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water&rft.issn=0017467X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hydraulics; Solutes; Interfaces; Groundwater flow; Diffusion; Saturation; Prediction; Diffusion Coefficient; Path of Pollutants; Solute Transport; Groundwater Movement; Model Studies; Hydraulic Properties ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Contribution of dichloroacetate and trichloroacetate to liver tumor induction in mice by trichloroethylene. AN - 71947120; 12127263 AB - Determining the key events in the induction of liver cancer in mice by trichloroethylene (TRI) is important in the determination of how risks from this chemical should be treated at low doses. At least two metabolites can contribute to liver cancer in mice, dichloroacetate (DCA) and trichloroacetate (TCA). TCA is produced from metabolism of TRI at systemic concentrations that can clearly contribute to this response. As a peroxisome proliferator and a species-specific carcinogen, TCA may not be important in the induction of liver cancer in humans at the low doses of TRI encountered in the environment. Because DCA is metabolized much more rapidly than TCA, it has not been possible to directly determine whether it is produced at carcinogenic levels. Unlike TCA, DCA is active as a carcinogen in both mice and rats. Its low-dose effects are not associated with peroxisome proliferation. The present study examines whether biomarkers for DCA and TCA can be used to determine if the liver tumor response to TRI seen in mice is completely attributable to TCA or if other metabolites, such as DCA, are involved. Previous work had shown that DCA produces tumors in mice that display a diffuse immunoreactivity to a c-Jun antibody (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, SC-45), whereas TCA-induced tumors do not stain with this antibody. In the present study, we compared the c-Jun phenotype of tumors induced by DCA or TCA alone to those induced when they are given together in various combinations and to those induced by TRI given in an aqueous vehicle. When given in various combinations, DCA and TCA produced a few tumors that were c-Jun+, many that were c-Jun-, but a number with a mixed phenotype that increased with the relative dose of DCA. Sixteen TRI-induced tumors were c-Jun+, 13 were c-Jun-, and 9 had a mixed phenotype. Mutations of the H-ras protooncogene were also examined in DCA-, TCA-, and TRI-induced tumors. The mutation frequency detected in tumors induced by TCA was significantly different from that observed in TRI-induced tumors (0.44 vs 0.21, p < 0.05), whereas that observed in DCA-induced tumors (0.33) was intermediate between values obtained with TCA and TRI, but not significantly different from TRI. No significant differences were found in the mutation spectra of tumors produced by the three compounds. The presence of mutations in H-ras codon 61 appeared to be a late event, but ras-dependent signaling pathways were activated in all tumors. These data are not consistent with the hypothesis that all liver tumors induced by TRI were produced by TCA. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Bull, Richard J AU - Orner, Gayle A AU - Cheng, Rita S AU - Stillwell, Lisa AU - Stauber, Anja J AU - Sasser, Lyle B AU - Lingohr, Melissa K AU - Thrall, Brian D AD - Molecular Biosciences Department, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA. dbull@tricity.wsu.edu Y1 - 2002/07/01/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jul 01 SP - 55 EP - 65 VL - 182 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - DNA, Neoplasm KW - 0 KW - Solvents KW - Trichloroethylene KW - 290YE8AR51 KW - Trichloroacetic Acid KW - 5V2JDO056X KW - Dichloroacetic Acid KW - 9LSH52S3LQ KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Solvents -- toxicity KW - Drug Interactions KW - Random Allocation KW - Mice KW - Sequence Analysis, DNA KW - DNA, Neoplasm -- chemistry KW - Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Blotting, Western KW - Genes, ras -- genetics KW - DNA, Neoplasm -- genetics KW - Mutation KW - Genes, jun -- genetics KW - Male KW - Liver Neoplasms -- pathology KW - Liver Neoplasms -- metabolism KW - Dichloroacetic Acid -- toxicity KW - Trichloroacetic Acid -- toxicity KW - Liver Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Trichloroethylene -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71947120?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Contribution+of+dichloroacetate+and+trichloroacetate+to+liver+tumor+induction+in+mice+by+trichloroethylene.&rft.au=Bull%2C+Richard+J%3BOrner%2C+Gayle+A%3BCheng%2C+Rita+S%3BStillwell%2C+Lisa%3BStauber%2C+Anja+J%3BSasser%2C+Lyle+B%3BLingohr%2C+Melissa+K%3BThrall%2C+Brian+D&rft.aulast=Bull&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=182&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=55&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-08-06 N1 - Date created - 2002-07-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fungal-to-bacterial ratios in soils investigated for enhanced C sequestration AN - 18711498; 5599866 AB - Fungi and bacteria govern most of the transformations and ensuing long-term storage of organic C in soils. We assessed the relative contributions of these two groups of organisms to the microbial biomass and activity of soils from five different ecosystems with treatments hypothesized to enhance soil C sequestration: (1) desert (an elevation gradient allowed comparison of soil developed in a cooler, moister climate with soil developed in a warmer, drier climate), (2) restored tallgrass prairie (land reverted to native prairie in 1979 and neighboring land farmed to row crops of similar to 100 year), (3,4) two forest types (Douglas fir and loblolly pine, unfertilized control and N-fertilized plots), and (5) agricultural land (conventional- and no-till management systems). The selective inhibition technique, using captan (fungicide) and oxytetracycline hydrochloride (bactericide), was used to determine the activities (respiration) of fungi and bacteria in each of these soils and substrate-induced respiration was used to measure total active soil microbial biomass C. Phospholipid fatty acid analysis was used to determine the composition of the soil microbial biomass and determine if the activities and structure of the microbial communities were related. Differences in fungal-to-bacterial (F:B) activities between treatments at a site were greatest at the prairie sites. The restored prairie had the highest F:B (13.5) and high total C (49.9 g C kg super(-1) soil); neighboring soil farmed to corn had an F:B of 0.85 and total C of 36.0 g C kg super(-1) soil. Within the pairs of study soils, those that were tilled had lower fungal activities and stored C than those that were managed to native or no-till systems. In all pairs of soils, soils that had higher absolute fungal activities also had more total soil C and when two extreme cases were removed fungal activity was correlated with total soil C (R super(2) = 0.85). Thus, in this small set of diverse soils, increased fungal activities, more than F:B ratios, were associated with increased soil C. Practices that involved invasive land management decreased fungal activity and stored soil C compared to similar soils that were less intrusively managed. JF - Soil Biology and Biochemistry AU - Bailey, V L AU - Smith, J L AU - Bolton, H Jr AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, MSIN P7-50, Richland, WA 99352, USA, vanessa.bailey@pnl.gov Y1 - 2002/07// PY - 2002 DA - Jul 2002 SP - 997 EP - 1007 VL - 34 IS - 7 SN - 0038-0717, 0038-0717 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Ecology Abstracts KW - A 01047:General KW - D 04600:Soil UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18711498?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Biology+and+Biochemistry&rft.atitle=Fungal-to-bacterial+ratios+in+soils+investigated+for+enhanced+C+sequestration&rft.au=Bailey%2C+V+L%3BSmith%2C+J+L%3BBolton%2C+H+Jr&rft.aulast=Bailey&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=997&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Biology+and+Biochemistry&rft.issn=00380717&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of soil heterogeneity on steady state soil water pressure head under a surface line source AN - 18614899; 5523443 AB - There are numerous analytical solutions available for flow in unsaturated homogeneous porous media. In this paper, the stream tube model for one-dimensional water movement is extended to two-dimensional (2-D) water movement from a line source as the stream plane model. As well, new solutions are derived to predict the mean and variance of pressure head of water movement under a surface line source in heterogeneous soil using the perturbation method with first-order approximation (PM1) and with second-order approximation (PM2). A variance expression was also developed based on the spectral relationship presented by Yeh et al. [1985a]. The new solutions were tested using the 2-D stream plane model with parameters A = ln( alpha ) and Y = ln(K sub(S)) and measurements from field experiments. Results show that the mean of steady state pressure head below the line source is not only a function of the mean parameter values but also a function of the variances of A and Y and the linear cross-correlation coefficient ( rho ) between A and Y. The PM2 model can predict the mean pressure head accurately in heterogeneous soils at any level of correlation between A and Y, except when both the soil variability and rho are high. The pressure head variance estimation based on the PM1 model predicts the measured variance well only when both the soil variability and rho are low. The field experimental results show that both the PM1 and the spectral models give reasonable predictions of the pressure head variance. Both the measured and predicted values of the variance of pressure head using the two models increase with the depth of soil. Both models show that the variance of pressure head decreases as the source strength increases, but on average, the pressure head variance was underestimated by both models. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Zhang, Z F AU - Parkin, G W AU - Kachanoski, R G AU - Smith, JE AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA, fred.zhang@pnl.gov Y1 - 2002/07// PY - 2002 DA - Jul 2002 VL - 38 IS - 7 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Flow KW - Soil Water Movement KW - Experimental Data KW - Head KW - Soil/water systems KW - Model Testing KW - Model Studies KW - Comparative studies KW - Performance Evaluation KW - Unsaturated Flow KW - Comparison Studies KW - Pressure Head KW - Heterogeneity KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0845:Water in soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18614899?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Effects+of+soil+heterogeneity+on+steady+state+soil+water+pressure+head+under+a+surface+line+source&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Z+F%3BParkin%2C+G+W%3BKachanoski%2C+R+G%3BSmith%2C+JE&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Z&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2000WR000019 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Flow; Comparative studies; Head; Soil/water systems; Heterogeneity; Experimental Data; Soil Water Movement; Performance Evaluation; Comparison Studies; Unsaturated Flow; Pressure Head; Model Testing; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2000WR000019 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Considering barometric pressure in groundwater flow investigations AN - 52031702; 2003-009761 JF - Water Resources Research AU - Spane, F A Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 18 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 38 IS - 6 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - solute transport KW - hazardous waste KW - migration KW - hydraulics KW - pollutants KW - unsaturated zone KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - fluid dynamics KW - environmental effects KW - measurement KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - water pressure KW - hydraulic head KW - levels KW - hydrodynamics KW - atmospheric pressure KW - shallow aquifers KW - water wells KW - unconfined aquifers KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52031702?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Considering+barometric+pressure+in+groundwater+flow+investigations&rft.au=Spane%2C+F+A&rft.aulast=Spane&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2001WR000701 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 44 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; atmospheric pressure; environmental effects; fluid dynamics; ground water; hazardous waste; hydraulic head; hydraulics; hydrodynamics; levels; measurement; migration; pollutants; pollution; prediction; shallow aquifers; solute transport; unconfined aquifers; unsaturated zone; water pressure; water wells DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2001WR000701 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Model intercomparison study to investigate a dense contaminant plume in a complex hydrogeologic system AN - 51168825; 2002-054603 JF - Environmental Geology (Berlin) AU - Williams, Mark D AU - Cole, Charles R AU - Foley, Michael G AU - Zinina, Galina A AU - Zinin, Alexander I (Aleksandr I) AU - Vasil'kova, Nelly A AU - Samsonova, Lilia M AU - Tsang, Chin-Fu AU - Shestakov, Vsevolod M Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 199 EP - 213 PB - Springer International, Berlin VL - 42 IS - 2-3 SN - 0943-0105, 0943-0105 KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - density KW - contaminant plumes KW - finite difference analysis KW - Russian Federation KW - simulation KW - environmental analysis KW - ground water KW - Commonwealth of Independent States KW - Kyshtym Russian Federation KW - transport KW - Southern Urals KW - Lake Karachai KW - Urals KW - hydrology KW - concentration KW - numerical models KW - pollutants KW - statistical analysis KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - migration of elements KW - evapotranspiration KW - aquifers KW - models KW - water table KW - recharge KW - Mayak Site KW - shallow aquifers KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51168825?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.atitle=Model+intercomparison+study+to+investigate+a+dense+contaminant+plume+in+a+complex+hydrogeologic+system&rft.au=Williams%2C+Mark+D%3BCole%2C+Charles+R%3BFoley%2C+Michael+G%3BZinina%2C+Galina+A%3BZinin%2C+Alexander+I+%28Aleksandr+I%29%3BVasil%27kova%2C+Nelly+A%3BSamsonova%2C+Lilia+M%3BTsang%2C+Chin-Fu%3BShestakov%2C+Vsevolod+M&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=199&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.issn=09430105&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1432-0495/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; Commonwealth of Independent States; concentration; contaminant plumes; density; environmental analysis; evapotranspiration; finite difference analysis; ground water; hydrology; Kyshtym Russian Federation; Lake Karachai; mathematical models; Mayak Site; migration of elements; models; numerical models; pollutants; pollution; recharge; Russian Federation; shallow aquifers; simulation; solutes; Southern Urals; statistical analysis; transport; Urals; water table ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The agricultural dispersal-valley drift spray drift modeling system compared with pesticide drift data. AN - 71704660; 12013131 AB - The coupling of the valley drift (VALDRIFT) atmospheric dispersion/deposition model with the agricultural dispersal (AGDISP) aircraft wake model generates a modeling system for predicting the off-target drift of pesticides sprayed in a mountain valley. The approach uses the AGDISP near-field spray model to estimate the mass fraction of pesticide remaining airborne after initial application, then the VALDRIFT complex terrain model to estimate the drift of pesticide from the target area. The modeling system inputs include detailed spray information, a measure (or estimate) of winds in the valley, and the valley topographic characteristics; the results are pesticide concentrations throughout the valley atmosphere and pesticide deposition to the valley surface. The AGDISP and VALDRIFT models are operated independently, with the results from AGDISP being used as input to VALDRIFT through user-created data files. The modeling system was evaluated using pesticide drift data from spray trials conducted in the Mill Creek Canyon of Utah's Wasatch Mountains, USA, during the late spring of 1993. The predicted deposition compared within a factor of three of the observations (70% of the time) at all sampling locations extending several kilometers down-valley from the spray treatment block. The overall average ratio of predicted-to-observed deposition was 0.9. JF - Environmental toxicology and chemistry AU - Allwine, K Jerry AU - Thistle, Harold W AU - Teske, Milton E AU - Anhold, John AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA. jerry.allwine@pnl.gov Y1 - 2002/05// PY - 2002 DA - May 2002 SP - 1085 EP - 1090 VL - 21 IS - 5 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Pesticides KW - Index Medicus KW - Altitude KW - Aircraft KW - Forecasting KW - Agriculture KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis KW - Wind KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71704660?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.atitle=The+agricultural+dispersal-valley+drift+spray+drift+modeling+system+compared+with+pesticide+drift+data.&rft.au=Allwine%2C+K+Jerry%3BThistle%2C+Harold+W%3BTeske%2C+Milton+E%3BAnhold%2C+John&rft.aulast=Allwine&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2002-05-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1085&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-11-05 N1 - Date created - 2002-05-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geostatistical mapping of effluent-affected sediment distribution on the Palos Verdes shelf AN - 51654627; 2006-002722 JF - Continental Shelf Research AU - Murray, Chris J AU - Lee, Homa J AU - Hampton, Monty A A2 - Lee, Homa J. A2 - Wiberg, Patricia L. Y1 - 2002/05// PY - 2002 DA - May 2002 SP - 881 EP - 897 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 22 IS - 6-7 SN - 0278-4343, 0278-4343 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - stream transport KW - Northeast Pacific KW - waste water KW - mapping KW - California KW - spatial distribution KW - Palos Verdes Peninsula KW - marine sediments KW - sediments KW - thickness KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - East Pacific KW - Los Angeles County California KW - concentration KW - sewage KW - sediment transport KW - pollutants KW - effluents KW - DDE KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - geostatistics KW - organic compounds KW - North Pacific KW - Pacific Ocean KW - continental shelf KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51654627?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Continental+Shelf+Research&rft.atitle=Geostatistical+mapping+of+effluent-affected+sediment+distribution+on+the+Palos+Verdes+shelf&rft.au=Murray%2C+Chris+J%3BLee%2C+Homa+J%3BHampton%2C+Monty+A&rft.aulast=Murray&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft.date=2002-05-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=6-7&rft.spage=881&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Continental+Shelf+Research&rft.issn=02784343&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/02784343 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. geol. sketch maps, 2 tables, block diag. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CSHRDZ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; continental shelf; DDE; East Pacific; effluents; geostatistics; halogenated hydrocarbons; Los Angeles County California; mapping; marine sediments; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; organic compounds; Pacific Ocean; Palos Verdes Peninsula; pollutants; pollution; sediment transport; sediments; sewage; spatial distribution; statistical analysis; stream transport; thickness; United States; waste water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acoustic profiles and images of the Palos Verdes margin; implications concerning deposition from the White's Point outfall AN - 51654412; 2006-002720 JF - Continental Shelf Research AU - Hampton, Monty A AU - Karl, Herman A AU - Murray, Christopher J A2 - Lee, Homa J. A2 - Wiberg, Patricia L. Y1 - 2002/05// PY - 2002 DA - May 2002 SP - 841 EP - 857 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 22 IS - 6-7 SN - 0278-4343, 0278-4343 KW - United States KW - San Pedro Basin KW - continental slope KW - stream transport KW - Northeast Pacific KW - geophysical surveys KW - stream sediments KW - seepage KW - marine sedimentation KW - Cenozoic KW - California KW - acoustical methods KW - Palos Verdes Peninsula KW - marine sediments KW - sedimentation rates KW - White's Point KW - mass movements KW - sediments KW - outcrops KW - ocean floors KW - vents KW - East Pacific KW - bedrock KW - Los Angeles County California KW - high-resolution methods KW - Quaternary KW - sedimentation KW - geophysical methods KW - slumping KW - lithofacies KW - Southern California KW - stratification KW - North Pacific KW - marine methods KW - Pacific Ocean KW - surveys KW - side-scanning methods KW - geophysical profiles KW - continental shelf KW - bathymetry KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51654412?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Continental+Shelf+Research&rft.atitle=Acoustic+profiles+and+images+of+the+Palos+Verdes+margin%3B+implications+concerning+deposition+from+the+White%27s+Point+outfall&rft.au=Hampton%2C+Monty+A%3BKarl%2C+Herman+A%3BMurray%2C+Christopher+J&rft.aulast=Hampton&rft.aufirst=Monty&rft.date=2002-05-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=6-7&rft.spage=841&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Continental+Shelf+Research&rft.issn=02784343&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/02784343 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. geol. sketch maps, sects., block diag. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CSHRDZ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acoustical methods; bathymetry; bedrock; California; Cenozoic; continental shelf; continental slope; East Pacific; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geophysical surveys; high-resolution methods; lithofacies; Los Angeles County California; marine methods; marine sedimentation; marine sediments; mass movements; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; ocean floors; outcrops; Pacific Ocean; Palos Verdes Peninsula; Quaternary; San Pedro Basin; sedimentation; sedimentation rates; sediments; seepage; side-scanning methods; slumping; Southern California; stratification; stream sediments; stream transport; surveys; United States; vents; White's Point ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Adsorption of molybdenum on to anatase from dilute aqueous solutions AN - 16136106; 5418010 AB - Adsorption of Mo on to hydrous TiO sub(2) (anatase) particles was investigated. Batch experiments were conducted at 19 and 90 degree C over a pH range of 2 to 12 and Mo concentrations ranging from approximately 10 super(-6) to 10 super(-4) M. The extent of sorption was strongly dependent on pH and surface loading. Maximum sorption was observed in the acidic pH range at low surface loading. Adsorption behavior was described using the empirical Langmuir adsorption model. A constant capacitance surface complexation model was also used to fit the adsorption isotherms using a ligand exchange reaction for a hydroxyl surface site on anatase. Comparison of experimental data at two different temperatures (19 and 90 degree C) indicates that Mo sorption in the acidic pH range decreases with increasing temperature. JF - Applied Geochemistry AU - Saripalli, K P AU - McGrail, B P AU - Girvin, D C AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, WA 99352, USA, prasad.saripalli@pnl.gov Y1 - 2002/05// PY - 2002 DA - May 2002 SP - 649 EP - 656 VL - 17 IS - 5 SN - 0883-2927, 0883-2927 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Experimental Data KW - Adsorption (see also Sorption) KW - Heavy metals KW - Molybdenum KW - Temperature KW - Adsorbents KW - Hydrogen Ion Concentration KW - Wastewater treatment KW - Heavy Metals KW - Hydrogen ion concentrations KW - Model Studies KW - Adsorbent materials KW - Kinetics KW - Adsorption KW - Load Distribution KW - Wastewater Treatment KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16136106?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Adsorption+of+molybdenum+on+to+anatase+from+dilute+aqueous+solutions&rft.au=Saripalli%2C+K+P%3BMcGrail%2C+B+P%3BGirvin%2C+D+C&rft.aulast=Saripalli&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2002-05-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=649&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.issn=08832927&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Adsorbent materials; Adsorption (see also Sorption); Heavy metals; Kinetics; Molybdenum; Temperature; Wastewater treatment; Hydrogen ion concentrations; Experimental Data; Load Distribution; Adsorption; Hydrogen Ion Concentration; Adsorbents; Wastewater Treatment; Heavy Metals; Model Studies ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Selective stationary phase for solid-phase microextraction analysis of sarin (GB). AN - 71808431; 12058906 AB - A number of critical field applications require monitoring air samples for trace levels of chemical warfare agents. Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) is a convenient format to conduct these analyses. Measurements could be significantly improved if a SPME phase selective for nerve agents were substituted for non-selective polymers typically used (e.g., polydimethylsiloxane). This paper evaluates a novel stationary phase, previously developed for methylphosphonate sensor applications, for use with SPME sampling. The phenol-based polymer, BSP3, was found to offer far higher selectivity toward sarin (GB) than polydimethylsiloxane due to a pronounced affinity toward the target analyte and a lower affinity toward hydrocarbons. JF - Journal of chromatography. A AU - Harvey, S D AU - Nelson, D A AU - Wright, B W AU - Grate, J W AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA. scott.harvey@pnl.gov Y1 - 2002/04/19/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Apr 19 SP - 217 EP - 225 VL - 954 IS - 1-2 SN - 0021-9673, 0021-9673 KW - Chemical Warfare Agents KW - 0 KW - Sarin KW - B4XG72QGFM KW - Index Medicus KW - Air -- analysis KW - Sarin -- isolation & purification KW - Chromatography, Gel -- methods KW - Chemical Warfare Agents -- isolation & purification KW - Chromatography, Gas -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71808431?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+chromatography.+A&rft.atitle=Selective+stationary+phase+for+solid-phase+microextraction+analysis+of+sarin+%28GB%29.&rft.au=Harvey%2C+S+D%3BNelson%2C+D+A%3BWright%2C+B+W%3BGrate%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Harvey&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-04-19&rft.volume=954&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=217&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+chromatography.+A&rft.issn=00219673&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-11-20 N1 - Date created - 2002-06-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - New magnetostratigraphic analysis indicates that onset of Pleistocene cataclysmic flooding predates 1.07 ma in east-central Washington AN - 52022455; 2003-019277 AB - Pleistocene cataclysmic flood deposits, informally referred to as the Hanford formation, blanket the Pasco Basin in south-central Washington. A thick sequence (up to 100 m) of flood-deposited gravel, sand, and silt underlies much of the USDOE's Hanford Site. Correlation of cataclysmic flood deposits is often difficult because of a lack of marker horizons and rapid lateral facies changes. However, paleomagnetic reversals provide an opportunity to establish time-stratigraphic units within flood deposits. Our samples are derived from five new boreholes penetrating the giant Cold Creek flood bar. A total of 121 new paleomagnetic samples were collected in the spring of 2001 from split-spooned drill cores and analyzed for paleomagnetic inclination. This is in addition to 60 samples previously analyzed (Bjornstad et al., 2001). Paleomagnetic samples, obtained from finer-grained facies, consisted of silt to coarse-grained sand. Very detailed stepwise demagnetization experiments were performed on samples to remove magnetic overprints. We performed an average of 15 steps of alternating field (AF) demagnetization between 0 and 200 milli-Tesla (mT) or 12 steps of thermal demagnetization between room temperature and 600 degrees C. Demagnetization revealed both reversed and normal polarities. On the eastern end of Cold Creek bar one new and two previously-sampled boreholes span a total section of 14-82 m depth. The Brunhes-Matuyama polarity boundary (0.78 Ma) appears to be shallower than 14 m (shallowest sample depth); the sampled sequence is dominantly reversed-polarity. One normal polarity interval between about 54 and 69 m, probably represents the Olduvai (1.77-1.95 Ma) normal subchron or less likely the Jaramillo (0.99-1.07 Ma) normal subchron. Therefore, the oldest deposits penetrated by these boreholes are at least older than 1.07 Ma and more likely older than 1.95 Ma, thus providing new constraints for the onset of ice-age flooding in the Pacific Northwest. Samples from four new and two previous boreholes on the western portion of Cold Creek bar are mostly normal in polarity. However, two thin reversed-polarity horizons are evident in four of these boreholes. The reversed intervals may represent magnetic excursions during the Brunhes or incompletely-recorded Matuyama-aged flood deposition. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Pluhar, Christopher J AU - Reidel, Stephen P AU - Bjornstad, Bruce AU - Nelson, Paul B AU - Coe, Robert S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - April 2002 SP - 25 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - Hanford Formation KW - Washington KW - demagnetization KW - Quaternary KW - paleohydrology KW - sedimentation KW - Hanford Site KW - Grant County Washington KW - paleomagnetism KW - Franklin County Washington KW - magnetostratigraphy KW - paleogeography KW - Cenozoic KW - jokulhlaups KW - Pleistocene KW - glacial sedimentation KW - paleofloods KW - Benton County Washington KW - central Washington KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52022455?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=New+magnetostratigraphic+analysis+indicates+that+onset+of+Pleistocene+cataclysmic+flooding+predates+1.07+ma+in+east-central+Washington&rft.au=Pluhar%2C+Christopher+J%3BReidel%2C+Stephen+P%3BBjornstad%2C+Bruce%3BNelson%2C+Paul+B%3BCoe%2C+Robert+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Pluhar&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=25&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, Cordilleran Section, 98th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Benton County Washington; Cenozoic; central Washington; demagnetization; Franklin County Washington; glacial sedimentation; Grant County Washington; Hanford Formation; Hanford Site; jokulhlaups; magnetostratigraphy; paleofloods; paleogeography; paleohydrology; paleomagnetism; Pleistocene; Quaternary; sedimentation; United States; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization and proposed formalization (Hanford Formation) for ice-age flood deposits within the Pacific Northwest AN - 52021995; 2003-019275 AB - Cataclysmic floods, associated with the periodic breakup of the Cordilleran Ice Sheet during the Pleistocene, are well known for carving out the Channeled Scabland. Floods deposited detritus in the scablands as well as basins of the Columbia River and tributary valleys downstream. In the Pasco Basin, behind a hydraulic constriction at Wallula Gap, up to 100 m of flood deposits incrementally accumulated beneath the Department of Energy's Hanford Site. Regionally, all deposits from ice-age flooding can be subdivided into 11 lithofacies, based on textural-structural characteristics. Coarse-grained lithofacies lie proximal to high-energy flood tracts whereas the finest-grained facies lie in backflooded or other slack-water environments. Cataclysmic flood deposits in the Pasco Basin have been referred to, informally, as the Hanford formation for over 30 years. We propose the expansion and formalization of the Hanford formation to include all cataclysmic ice-age flood deposits in the Pacific Northwest. We propose the name "Hanford Formation", since at the Hanford Site: 1) 10 out of 11 flood lithofacies are represented, and 2) an extensive data base already exists that includes thousands of borings from over 50 years of geologic investigation. Furthermore, flood deposits are thickest at the Hanford Site with one of the longest records of flooding. Magnetostratigraphic evidence from borings drilled into a giant flood bar indicate flood deposits date back to the early Pleistocene (>780 ka). Regionally, deposits of the Hanford formation can be subdivided into four facies associations. Two types of fine-grained, slack-water flood deposits are recognized, consisting of the Sanpoil (sand-silt rhythmites separated by lacustrine fines) and Touchet (sand-silt rhythmites only) facies associations. Higher energy flood deposits are composed of the Malden (sand-dominated) and Pasco (gravel-dominated) facies associations. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Bjornstad, Bruce AU - Last, George V AU - Reidel, Stephen P AU - Horton, Duane G AU - Fecht, Karl R AU - Smith, Gary A AU - Lindsey, Kevin A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - April 2002 SP - 24 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - nomenclature KW - lithostratigraphy KW - Hanford Formation KW - Washington KW - Quaternary KW - paleohydrology KW - sedimentation KW - Hanford Site KW - Grant County Washington KW - Franklin County Washington KW - paleogeography KW - new names KW - Cenozoic KW - Pasco Basin KW - Pleistocene KW - glacial sedimentation KW - paleofloods KW - Benton County Washington KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52021995?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Characterization+and+proposed+formalization+%28Hanford+Formation%29+for+ice-age+flood+deposits+within+the+Pacific+Northwest&rft.au=Bjornstad%2C+Bruce%3BLast%2C+George+V%3BReidel%2C+Stephen+P%3BHorton%2C+Duane+G%3BFecht%2C+Karl+R%3BSmith%2C+Gary+A%3BLindsey%2C+Kevin+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bjornstad&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=24&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, Cordilleran Section, 98th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Benton County Washington; Cenozoic; Franklin County Washington; glacial sedimentation; Grant County Washington; Hanford Formation; Hanford Site; lithostratigraphy; new names; nomenclature; paleofloods; paleogeography; paleohydrology; Pasco Basin; Pleistocene; Quaternary; sedimentation; United States; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biomineralization of poorly crystalline Fe(III) oxides by dissimilatory metal reducing bacteria (DMRB) AN - 51979417; 2003-043662 JF - Geomicrobiology Journal AU - Zachara, John M AU - Kukkadapu, Ravi K AU - Frederickson, James K AU - Gorby, Yuri A AU - Smith, Steven C A2 - Roden, Eric E. A2 - Gorby, Yuri A. Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - April 2002 SP - 179 EP - 207 PB - Taylor & Francis, London VL - 19 IS - 2 SN - 0149-0451, 0149-0451 KW - biomineralization KW - iron oxides KW - biochemical sedimentation KW - geomicrobiology KW - sedimentation KW - stability KW - ferrihydrite KW - iron KW - crystallinity KW - ferric iron KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - sediments KW - oxides KW - reduction KW - thermodynamic properties KW - geochemistry KW - microorganisms KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51979417?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geomicrobiology+Journal&rft.atitle=Biomineralization+of+poorly+crystalline+Fe%28III%29+oxides+by+dissimilatory+metal+reducing+bacteria+%28DMRB%29&rft.au=Zachara%2C+John+M%3BKukkadapu%2C+Ravi+K%3BFrederickson%2C+James+K%3BGorby%2C+Yuri+A%3BSmith%2C+Steven+C&rft.aulast=Zachara&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=179&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geomicrobiology+Journal&rft.issn=01490451&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~content=t713722957~db=all LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 72 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GEJODG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biochemical sedimentation; biomineralization; crystallinity; ferric iron; ferrihydrite; geochemistry; geomicrobiology; iron; iron oxides; metals; microorganisms; oxides; reduction; sedimentation; sediments; stability; thermodynamic properties ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial Fe(III) oxide reduction AN - 51979171; 2003-043659 JF - Geomicrobiology Journal A2 - Roden, Eric E. A2 - Gorby, Yuri A. Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - April 2002 SP - 139 EP - 287 PB - Taylor & Francis, London VL - 19 IS - 2 SN - 0149-0451, 0149-0451 KW - iron oxides KW - biochemical sedimentation KW - geomicrobiology KW - biochemistry KW - sedimentation KW - iron KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - ferric iron KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - sediments KW - oxides KW - reduction KW - chelation KW - geochemistry KW - microorganisms KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51979171?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=139&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Microbial+Fe%28III%29+oxide+reduction&rft.title=Microbial+Fe%28III%29+oxide+reduction&rft.issn=01490451&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~content=t713722957~db=all LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Individual papers are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GEJODG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; bacteria; biochemical sedimentation; biochemistry; chelation; ferric iron; geochemistry; geomicrobiology; ground water; iron; iron oxides; metals; microorganisms; oxides; reduction; sedimentation; sediments ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mechanisms for Fe(III) oxide reduction in sedimentary environments AN - 51978416; 2003-043660 JF - Geomicrobiology Journal AU - Nevin, Kelly P AU - Lovley, Derek R A2 - Roden, Eric E. A2 - Gorby, Yuri A. Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - April 2002 SP - 141 EP - 159 PB - Taylor & Francis, London VL - 19 IS - 2 SN - 0149-0451, 0149-0451 KW - terrestrial environment KW - iron oxides KW - biochemical sedimentation KW - biochemistry KW - sedimentation KW - mineral-water interface KW - mechanism KW - organo-metallics KW - iron KW - ferric iron KW - sedimentary rocks KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - sediments KW - oxides KW - reduction KW - depositional environment KW - geochemistry KW - pore water KW - microorganisms KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51978416?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geomicrobiology+Journal&rft.atitle=Mechanisms+for+Fe%28III%29+oxide+reduction+in+sedimentary+environments&rft.au=Nevin%2C+Kelly+P%3BLovley%2C+Derek+R&rft.aulast=Nevin&rft.aufirst=Kelly&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=141&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geomicrobiology+Journal&rft.issn=01490451&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~content=t713722957~db=all LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 61 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GEJODG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biochemical sedimentation; biochemistry; depositional environment; ferric iron; geochemistry; iron; iron oxides; mechanism; metals; microorganisms; mineral-water interface; organo-metallics; oxides; pore water; reduction; sedimentary rocks; sedimentation; sediments; terrestrial environment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of biogenic Fe(II) on bacterial crystalline Fe(III) oxide reduction AN - 51977867; 2003-043663 JF - Geomicrobiology Journal AU - Roden, Eric E AU - Urrutia, Matilde M A2 - Roden, Eric E. A2 - Gorby, Yuri A. Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - April 2002 SP - 209 EP - 251 PB - Taylor & Francis, London VL - 19 IS - 2 SN - 0149-0451, 0149-0451 KW - biomineralization KW - iron oxides KW - biochemical sedimentation KW - geomicrobiology KW - biochemistry KW - sedimentation KW - iron KW - crystallinity KW - ferrous iron KW - ferric iron KW - biogenic processes KW - chemical reactions KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - sediments KW - oxides KW - anaerobic environment KW - reduction KW - geochemistry KW - microorganisms KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51977867?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geomicrobiology+Journal&rft.atitle=Influence+of+biogenic+Fe%28II%29+on+bacterial+crystalline+Fe%28III%29+oxide+reduction&rft.au=Roden%2C+Eric+E%3BUrrutia%2C+Matilde+M&rft.aulast=Roden&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=209&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geomicrobiology+Journal&rft.issn=01490451&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~content=t713722957~db=all LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 127 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GEJODG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anaerobic environment; bacteria; biochemical sedimentation; biochemistry; biogenic processes; biomineralization; chemical reactions; crystallinity; ferric iron; ferrous iron; geochemistry; geomicrobiology; iron; iron oxides; metals; microorganisms; oxides; reduction; sedimentation; sediments ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Adhesion of dissimilatory Fe(III)-reducing bacteria to Fe(III) minerals AN - 51977798; 2003-043661 JF - Geomicrobiology Journal AU - Caccavo, Frank, Jr AU - Das, Amitabha A2 - Roden, Eric E. A2 - Gorby, Yuri A. Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - April 2002 SP - 161 EP - 177 PB - Taylor & Francis, London VL - 19 IS - 2 SN - 0149-0451, 0149-0451 KW - soils KW - iron oxides KW - iron minerals KW - metabolism KW - geomicrobiology KW - biochemistry KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - iron KW - remediation KW - ferric iron KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - oxides KW - reduction KW - geochemistry KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51977798?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geomicrobiology+Journal&rft.atitle=Adhesion+of+dissimilatory+Fe%28III%29-reducing+bacteria+to+Fe%28III%29+minerals&rft.au=Caccavo%2C+Frank%2C+Jr%3BDas%2C+Amitabha&rft.aulast=Caccavo&rft.aufirst=Frank&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=161&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geomicrobiology+Journal&rft.issn=01490451&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~content=t713722957~db=all LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 48 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GEJODG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biochemistry; bioremediation; ferric iron; geochemistry; geomicrobiology; iron; iron minerals; iron oxides; metabolism; metals; microorganisms; oxides; pollution; reduction; remediation; soils ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Theoretical and experimental considerations related to reaction-based modeling; a case study using iron(III) oxide bioreduction AN - 51977222; 2003-043664 JF - Geomicrobiology Journal AU - Burgos, William D AU - Royer, Richard A AU - Fang, Yilin AU - Yeh, Gour-Tsyh AU - Fisher, Angela S AU - Jeon, Byong-Hun AU - Dempsey, Brian A A2 - Roden, Eric E. A2 - Gorby, Yuri A. Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - April 2002 SP - 253 EP - 287 PB - Taylor & Francis, London VL - 19 IS - 2 SN - 0149-0451, 0149-0451 KW - sorption KW - experimental studies KW - iron oxides KW - geomicrobiology KW - biochemistry KW - solution KW - iron KW - models KW - case studies KW - ferric iron KW - theoretical studies KW - chemical reactions KW - hematite KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - oxides KW - reduction KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - microorganisms KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51977222?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geomicrobiology+Journal&rft.atitle=Theoretical+and+experimental+considerations+related+to+reaction-based+modeling%3B+a+case+study+using+iron%28III%29+oxide+bioreduction&rft.au=Burgos%2C+William+D%3BRoyer%2C+Richard+A%3BFang%2C+Yilin%3BYeh%2C+Gour-Tsyh%3BFisher%2C+Angela+S%3BJeon%2C+Byong-Hun%3BDempsey%2C+Brian+A&rft.aulast=Burgos&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=253&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geomicrobiology+Journal&rft.issn=01490451&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~content=t713722957~db=all LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 46 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GEJODG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biochemistry; case studies; chemical reactions; experimental studies; ferric iron; geochemistry; geomicrobiology; hematite; iron; iron oxides; kinetics; metals; microorganisms; models; oxides; reduction; solution; sorption; theoretical studies ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling site response at the Hanford Site based on recordings of the 28 February 2001 Nisqually earthquake AN - 51146854; 2005-003772 JF - Seismological Research Letters AU - Rohay, A C AU - Reidel, S P AU - Hartshorn, D C AU - Valenta, M M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - April 2002 SP - 266 PB - Seismological Society of America, El Cerrito, CA VL - 73 IS - 2 SN - 0895-0695, 0895-0695 KW - United States KW - data processing KW - accelerometers KW - acceleration KW - elastic waves KW - Cenozoic KW - Nisqually earthquake 2001 KW - body waves KW - Washington KW - Columbia River Basalt Group KW - Hanford Site KW - Ringold Formation KW - Miocene KW - computer programs KW - Tertiary KW - strong motion KW - Neogene KW - ground motion KW - Pliocene KW - SHAKE KW - seismic waves KW - earthquakes KW - S-waves KW - instruments KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51146854?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Modeling+site+response+at+the+Hanford+Site+based+on+recordings+of+the+28+February+2001+Nisqually+earthquake&rft.au=Rohay%2C+A+C%3BReidel%2C+S+P%3BHartshorn%2C+D+C%3BValenta%2C+M+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Rohay&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=266&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.issn=08950695&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 97th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EAQNAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acceleration; accelerometers; body waves; Cenozoic; Columbia River Basalt Group; computer programs; data processing; earthquakes; elastic waves; ground motion; Hanford Site; instruments; Miocene; Neogene; Nisqually earthquake 2001; Pliocene; Ringold Formation; S-waves; seismic waves; SHAKE; strong motion; Tertiary; United States; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessing uncertainties in phase arrival times for regional seismic events AN - 51142329; 2005-003589 JF - Seismological Research Letters AU - Velasco, A A AU - Anderson, D N AU - Young, C J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - April 2002 SP - 227 PB - Seismological Society of America, El Cerrito, CA VL - 73 IS - 2 SN - 0895-0695, 0895-0695 KW - errors KW - seismicity KW - multivariate analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - elastic waves KW - waveforms KW - arrival time KW - earthquakes KW - measurement KW - automated analysis KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51142329?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Assessing+uncertainties+in+phase+arrival+times+for+regional+seismic+events&rft.au=Velasco%2C+A+A%3BAnderson%2C+D+N%3BYoung%2C+C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Velasco&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=227&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.issn=08950695&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 97th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EAQNAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arrival time; automated analysis; earthquakes; elastic waves; errors; measurement; multivariate analysis; seismicity; statistical analysis; waveforms ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simulation of wind-driven circulation in the Salton Sea: implications for indigenous ecosystems AN - 19802635; 5423016 AB - The Salton Sea, the largest `man-made' water body wholly within California, was formed in 1904 as the result of a levee failure along the Colorado River. Initially, flow into the Salton `Sink' created a fresh water lake about 24 m deep with a water surface about 85 m below the level of the ocean. Salinity of the water body, at first roughly the same as the river, rose rapidly due to solution of previously accumulated residual salt, then following levee repair, adjusted to the combined influence of agricultural drainage accretions and evaporative losses. Water levels adjusted accordingly, at first declining then rising slowly until the mid 1930s when a level about 75 m below ocean level was reached. Thereafter, both water levels and salinity gradually rose, so that at present the surface elevation of the Sea stands near -69.5 m and salinity is approaching 45 g l super(-1), about 30% above ocean salinity. The Salton Sea Authority is seeking practical methods for reducing water levels and controlling salinity within ranges that will protect beneficial uses of the Sea, its adjacent lands, and its indigenous ecosystems, both aquatic and avian. Proposed solutions include various physical changes in the bathymetry and configuration of the Sea, especially its southern basin. Because circulation in the Sea is driven primarily by wind stresses imposed on the water surface, and circulation changes are likely to affect the Sea's quality and ecology, a methodology for quantifying the effects of specific alternatives is required. For this purpose a mathematical model for simulation of the hydrodynamic behavior of the Sea has been developed, calibrated to data gathered by a field investigation conducted in 1997, and applied to alternative schemes that will isolate sections of the southern basin, thus changing the natural wind induced circulation in areas that are ecologically sensitive. The Salton Sea Hydrodynamic/Water Quality Model is constructed using the finite element method to represent the bathymetry of the Sea as it currently exists, or may subsequently be modified, in a three-dimensional grid. JF - Hydrobiologia AU - Cook, C B AU - Orlob, G T AU - Huston, D W AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999 (K9-33), Richland, WA 99352, U.S.A. Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - Apr 2002 SP - 59 EP - 75 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers VL - 473 IS - 1-3 SN - 0018-8158, 0018-8158 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Ecology Abstracts KW - water quality KW - Ecosystems KW - Hydrodynamics KW - Evaporation KW - Basins KW - Water quality KW - Water levels KW - USA, Colorado R. KW - Lakes KW - Salinity KW - INE, USA, California KW - Current velocity KW - Agricultural runoff KW - Wind KW - USA, California, Salton Sea KW - Rivers KW - Finite element method KW - Wind-driven circulation KW - Environmental impact KW - Brackish KW - Stress KW - Atmospheric circulation KW - Habitat KW - Salts KW - Numerical simulations KW - bathymetry KW - water bodies KW - finite element method KW - Surface water KW - Salt lakes KW - Water quality models KW - Models KW - Ecology KW - Water salinity KW - Ecosystem management KW - Marine KW - Mathematical models KW - Drainage KW - Simulation KW - Bathymetry KW - water levels KW - Oceans KW - drainage water KW - Lake dynamics KW - O 2010:Physical Oceanography KW - M2 551.465:Structure/Dynamics/Circulation (551.465) KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - D 04003:Modeling, mathematics, computer applications KW - Q2 09146:TSD distribution, water masses and circulation KW - D 04320:Brackishwater KW - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19802635?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hydrobiologia&rft.atitle=Simulation+of+wind-driven+circulation+in+the+Salton+Sea%3A+implications+for+indigenous+ecosystems&rft.au=Cook%2C+C+B%3BOrlob%2C+G+T%3BHuston%2C+D+W&rft.aulast=Cook&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=473&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=59&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hydrobiologia&rft.issn=00188158&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Finite element method; Evaporation; Wind-driven circulation; Environmental impact; Salt lakes; Water quality; Habitat; Water levels; Salinity; Current velocity; Ecosystem management; Lake dynamics; Agricultural runoff; Hydrodynamics; Water salinity; Wind; Models; Ecology; Rivers; Mathematical models; Ecosystems; Numerical simulations; Drainage; Atmospheric circulation; Water quality models; Bathymetry; water quality; finite element method; water bodies; Surface water; Basins; Simulation; Stress; Salts; Lakes; water levels; Oceans; drainage water; bathymetry; USA, Colorado R.; INE, USA, California; USA, California, Salton Sea; Marine; Brackish ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling the Inhibition of the Bacterial Reduction of U(VI) by beta MnO sub(2(s)) AN - 18584921; 5443792 AB - Pyrolusite ( beta -MnO sub(2(s))) was used to assess the influence of a competitive electron acceptor on the kinetics of reduction of aqueous uranyl carbonate by a dissimilatory metal-reducing bacterium (DMRB), Shewanella putrefaciens strain CN32. The enzymatic reduction of U(VI) and beta -MnO sub(2(s)) and the abiotic redox reaction between beta -MnO sub(2(s)) and biogenic uraninite (UO sub(2(s))) were independently investigated to allow for interpretation of studies of U(VI) bioreduction in the presence of beta -MnO sub(2(s)). Uranyl bioreduction to UO sub(2(s)) by CN32 with H sub(2) as the electron donor followed Monod kinetics, with a maximum specific reduction rate of 110 mu M/h/10 super(8) cells/mL and a half-saturation constant of 370 mu M. The bioreduction rate of beta -MnO sub(2(s)) by CN32 was described by a pseudo-first-order model with respect to beta -MnO sub(2(s)) surface sites, with a rate constant of 7.92 x 10 super(-2) h super(-1)/10 super(8) cells/mL. Uraninite that precipitated as a result of microbial U(VI) reduction was abiotically reoxidized to U(VI) by beta -MnO sub(2(s)), with concomitant reduction to Mn(II). The oxidation of biogenic UO sub(2(s)) coupled with beta -MnO sub(2(s)) reduction was well-described by an electrochemical model. However, a simple model that coupled the bacterial reduction of U(VI) and beta -MnO sub(2(s)) with an abiotic redox reaction between UO sub(2(s)) and beta -MnO sub(2(s)) failed to describe the mass loss of U(VI) in the presence of beta -MnO sub(2(s)). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) revealed that the particle size and spatial distribution of the biogenic UO sub(2(s)) changed dynamically in systems with, as compared to without, beta -MnO sub(2(s)). These observations suggested that the surface properties and localization of UO sub(2(s)) in relation to the cell and beta -MnO sub(2(s)) surfaces was an important factor controlling the abiotic oxidation of UO sub(2(s)) and, thus, the overall rate and extent of U(VI) bioreduction. The coupled model that was modified to account for the "effective" contact surface area between UO sub(2(s)) and beta -MnO sub(2(s)) significantly improved the simulation of microbial reduction of U(VI) in the presence of beta -MnO sub(2(s)). JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Liu, Chongxuan AU - Zachara, J M AU - Fredrickson, J K AU - Kennedy, D W AU - Dohnalkova, A AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MSIN K8-96, Richland, WA 99352, USA, chongxuan.liu@pnl.gov Y1 - 2002/04/01/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Apr 01 SP - 1452 EP - 1459 VL - 36 IS - 7 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - metal-reducing bacteria KW - pyrolusite KW - uranyl carbonate KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - A 01056:Mineral microbiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18584921?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Modeling+the+Inhibition+of+the+Bacterial+Reduction+of+U%28VI%29+by+beta+MnO+sub%282%28s%29%29&rft.au=Liu%2C+Chongxuan%3BZachara%2C+J+M%3BFredrickson%2C+J+K%3BKennedy%2C+D+W%3BDohnalkova%2C+A&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Chongxuan&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1452&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of chemical reactions on density-dependent fluid flow: on the numerical formulation and the development of instabilities AN - 18565764; 5402345 AB - A three-dimensional, reactive numerical flow model is developed that couples chemical reactions with density-dependent mass transport and fluid flow. The model includes equilibrium reactions for the aqueous species, kinetic reactions between the solid and aqueous phases, and full coupling of porosity and permeability changes that result from precipitation and dissolution reactions in porous media. A one-step, global implicit approach is used to solve the coupled flow, transport and reaction equations with a fully implicit upstream-weighted control volume discretization. The Newton-Raphson method is applied to the discretized non-linear equations and a block ILU-preconditioned CGSTAB method is used to solve the resulting Jacobian matrix equations. This approach permits the solution of the complete set of governing equations for both concentration and pressure simultaneously affected by chemical and physical processes. A series of chemical transport simulations are conducted to investigate coupled processes of reactive chemical transport and density-dependent flow and their subsequent impact on the development of preferential flow paths in porous media. The coupled effects of the processes driving flow and the chemical reactions occurring during solute transport is studied using a carbonate system in fully saturated porous media. Results demonstrate that instability development is sensitive to the initial perturbation caused by density differences between the solute plume and the ambient groundwater. If the initial perturbation is large, then it acts as a "trigger" in the flow system that causes instabilities to develop in a planar reaction front. When permeability changes occur due to dissolution reactions occurring in the porous media, a reactive feedback loop is created by calcite dissolution and the mixed convective transport of the system. Although the feedback loop does not have a significant impact on plume shape, complex concentration distributions develop as a result of the instabilities generated in the flow system. JF - Advances in Water Resources AU - Freedman, V AU - Ibaraki, M AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MSIN K9-36, Richland, WA 99352, USA, vicky.freedman@pnl.gov Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - Apr 2002 SP - 439 EP - 453 VL - 25 IS - 4 SN - 0309-1708, 0309-1708 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q2 02183:Physics and chemistry KW - SW 0840:Groundwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18565764?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.atitle=Effects+of+chemical+reactions+on+density-dependent+fluid+flow%3A+on+the+numerical+formulation+and+the+development+of+instabilities&rft.au=Freedman%2C+V%3BIbaraki%2C+M&rft.aulast=Freedman&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=439&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.issn=03091708&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Overview of URBAN 2000: A Multiscale Field Study of Dispersion through an Urban Environment AN - 18326141; 5373509 AB - A major urban tracer and meteorological field campaign (URBAN 2000) was conducted in Salt Lake City, Utah, during October 2000. Sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE's) Chemical and Biological National Security Program, the month-long field campaign received supplemental support (personnel and equipment) from other U.S. and foreign government agencies and private companies. Seven nighttime intensive experiments were designed to resolve, with both inert tracers and meteorological measurements, interacting scales of atmospheric motion from the individual building scale up through the urban scale. Scale interaction was extended beyond the urban scale to the regional scale by embedding the URBAN 2000 study in DOE's Vertical Transport and Mixing Program tracer and meteorological studies conducted simultaneously in the greater Salt Lake Valley. Results from the URBAN 2000 study will be used to evaluate and improve the hierarchy of atmospheric models being developed for simulating toxic agent dispersal from potential terrorist activities in urban environments. In addition, the results will be used to identify and further understand the meteorological and fluid dynamic processes governing dispersion in urban environments. The strength of the URBAN 2000 study is that it provides a dataset that resolves interacting scales of motion from the individual building up through the regional scale under the same meteorological conditions. This paper summarizes the URBAN 2000 study by describing the experimental design, instrument layout, experiments, and meteorological conditions investigated. The paper also discusses initial findings. JF - Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society AU - Allwine, K J AU - Shinn, J H AU - Streit, GE AU - Clawson, K L AU - Brown, M AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - Apr 2002 SP - 521 EP - 551 PB - American Meteorological Society VL - 83 IS - 04 SN - 0003-0007, 0003-0007 KW - URBAN 2000 KW - terrorism KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Pollution dispersion KW - Tracers KW - Meteorology KW - USA, Utah, Salt Lake City KW - Urban areas KW - Toxic materials KW - Tracer studies of atmospheric dispersion KW - Air pollution KW - USA KW - Hazardous materials KW - Urban influences on atmospheric dispersion KW - Atmospheric chemistry KW - Urban air quality models KW - Urban environment KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M2 551.511.6:Turbulence and diffusion (551.511.6) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18326141?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+the+American+Meteorological+Society&rft.atitle=Overview+of+URBAN+2000%3A+A+Multiscale+Field+Study+of+Dispersion+through+an+Urban+Environment&rft.au=Allwine%2C+K+J%3BShinn%2C+J+H%3BStreit%2C+GE%3BClawson%2C+K+L%3BBrown%2C+M&rft.aulast=Allwine&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=04&rft.spage=521&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+the+American+Meteorological+Society&rft.issn=00030007&rft_id=info:doi/10.1043%2F1520-0477%282002%29083%280521%3AOOUAMF%292.3.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA, Utah, Salt Lake City; USA; Atmospheric chemistry; Air pollution; Urban areas; Pollution dispersion; Meteorology; Tracers; Toxic materials; Hazardous materials; Pollution monitoring; Tracer studies of atmospheric dispersion; Urban air quality models; Urban environment; Urban influences on atmospheric dispersion DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1043/1520-0477(2002)083(0521:OOUAMF)2.3.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Theoretical determination of chromophores in the chromogenic effects of aromatic neurotoxicants. AN - 71521000; 11890826 AB - We report the first computational study of the chromophores responsible for the chromogenic effects of aromatic neurotoxicants containing a 1,2-diacetyl moiety in their oxidation metabolites. A series of ab initio electronic structure calculations was performed on two representative aromatic compounds, 1,2-diacetylbenzene (1,2-DAB) and 1,2-diacetyl tetramethyl tetralin (1,2-DATT), the putative active metabolites of the neurotoxic aromatic hydrocarbon compounds 1,2-diethylbenzene (1,2-DEB) and acetyl ethyl tetramethyl tetralin (AETT), and on the products of their possible reactions with proteins that result in chromogenic effects. The electronic excitation energies determined by three different computational approaches were found to be consistent with each other. The calculated results are consistent with the conclusion/prediction that the chromogenic effects of 1,2-DAB (or 1,2-DEB) and 1,2-DATT (or AETT) could result from ninhydrin-like reactions, rather than the formation of pyrrole-like compounds. Our pK(a) calculations further indicate that the chromophore, i.e., the product of the ninhydrin-like reaction showing the blue color, is deprotonated in neutral aqueous solution. The corresponding protonated structure has a different color as it absorbs in the blue region of the visible spectrum, and its chromogenic contribution would be significant in solution at low pH. JF - Journal of the American Chemical Society AU - Zhan, Chang-Guo AU - Dixon, David A AU - Sabri, Mohammad I AU - Kim, Min-Sun AU - Spencer, Peter S AD - Theory, Modeling & Simulation, William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS K1-83, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA. Y1 - 2002/03/20/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Mar 20 SP - 2744 EP - 2752 VL - 124 IS - 11 SN - 0002-7863, 0002-7863 KW - 1,2-diacetyltetramethyltetralin KW - 0 KW - Acetophenones KW - Tetrahydronaphthalenes KW - 1,2-diacetylbenzene KW - 704-00-7 KW - Index Medicus KW - Models, Molecular KW - Molecular Conformation KW - Nervous System Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Tetrahydronaphthalenes -- metabolism KW - Acetophenones -- metabolism KW - Acetophenones -- chemistry KW - Acetophenones -- toxicity KW - Tetrahydronaphthalenes -- toxicity KW - Tetrahydronaphthalenes -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71521000?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Chemical+Society&rft.atitle=Theoretical+determination+of+chromophores+in+the+chromogenic+effects+of+aromatic+neurotoxicants.&rft.au=Zhan%2C+Chang-Guo%3BDixon%2C+David+A%3BSabri%2C+Mohammad+I%3BKim%2C+Min-Sun%3BSpencer%2C+Peter+S&rft.aulast=Zhan&rft.aufirst=Chang-Guo&rft.date=2002-03-20&rft.volume=124&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=2744&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Chemical+Society&rft.issn=00027863&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-05-23 N1 - Date created - 2002-03-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On being understood: clarity and jargon in radiation protection. AN - 85259077; pmid-11845840 AB - While much of the language used to express the concepts of radiation protection works effectively, there are many ill-chosen names and phrases and much jargon that permeate our professional speech and writing. From the oxymoron "internal exposure" to the "snarl word" "decay," there is much room for improvement. This essay identifies many of the problems and suggests solutions. We examine the kinds of confusions that can result from using familiar words with unfamiliar meanings and the need for neology. We offer insights into specific and unambiguous naming of physical quantities and explore the seemingly unlimited kinds of "dose." We disaggregate exposure from irradiation following intakes, and unmask units like "gram rad per microcurie hour." We call for a definition of radiation weighting factor that doesn't result in a violation of the law of conservation of energy. We examine the subtleties of distinguishing between radiation and radioactive materials. Some words, such as "exposure," have multiple meanings, while at other times there are different words or phrases with the same meaning, such as "critical level" and "decision level" or "detection level" and "minimum detectable amount." Sometimes phrases are used whose meaning is unclear or not agreed upon, such as "lower limit of detection." Sometimes there are words that are simply not apt, such as "disintegration" applied to the emission of a subatomic particle from a nucleus. JF - Health Physics AU - Strom, Daniel J AU - Watson, Charles R AD - Risk Analysis & Health Protection Group, Environmental Technology Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352-0999, USA. daniel.j PY - 2002 SP - 373 EP - 386 VL - 82 IS - 3 SN - 0017-9078, 0017-9078 KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Human KW - Nuclear Medicine KW - Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. KW - Radiation Protection KW - Terminology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85259077?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+Physics&rft.atitle=On+being+understood%3A+clarity+and+jargon+in+radiation+protection.&rft.au=Strom%2C+Daniel+J%3BWatson%2C+Charles+R&rft.aulast=Strom&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=373&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+Physics&rft.issn=00179078&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - eng DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A simulation approach to validate petrophysical data from NMR imaging AN - 52091003; 2002-050703 AB - Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging was used to map the 3D porosity and permeability distributions in heterogeneous sandstone cores under controlled laboratory conditions. The porosity and permeability distributions so obtained were used to numerically simulate first-contact miscible displacements in the cores. The spatial and temporal solvent concentrations from the numerical simulations were compared to those from imaging experiments in the cores in an effort to validate the porosity and permeability data. The results show that with calibration, useful 3D porosity and permeability distributions of heterogeneous cores can be derived from NMR imaging (NMRI). JF - SPE Journal AU - Zuluaga, Elizabeth AU - Majors, Paul D AU - Peters, Ekwere J Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - March 2002 SP - 35 EP - 39 PB - Society of Petroleum Engineers, Richardson, TX VL - 7 IS - 1 SN - 1086-055X, 1086-055X KW - hydraulic fracturing KW - petroleum engineering KW - imagery KW - numerical models KW - petroleum KW - enhanced recovery KW - simulation KW - NMR spectra KW - petrography KW - reservoir properties KW - spectra KW - permeability KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52091003?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SPE+Journal&rft.atitle=A+simulation+approach+to+validate+petrophysical+data+from+NMR+imaging&rft.au=Zuluaga%2C+Elizabeth%3BMajors%2C+Paul+D%3BPeters%2C+Ekwere+J&rft.aulast=Zuluaga&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=35&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SPE+Journal&rft.issn=1086055X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - enhanced recovery; hydraulic fracturing; imagery; NMR spectra; numerical models; permeability; petrography; petroleum; petroleum engineering; reservoir properties; simulation; spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nanogeoscience; from the movement of electrons to lithosphere plates AN - 52139450; 2002-017409 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Lower, Steven K AU - Hochella, Michael F, Jr AU - Banfield, Jillian F AU - Rosso, Kevin M Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - February 2002 SP - 53 EP - 53, 55, 56 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 6 SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - methods KW - high-resolution methods KW - chemical weathering KW - lithosphere KW - oxidation KW - sphalerite KW - crystal structure KW - crystal growth KW - weathering KW - TEM data KW - biomolecules KW - ultrastructure KW - biogenic processes KW - chemical reactions KW - metals KW - petrography KW - molecules KW - pyrite KW - sulfides KW - SEM data KW - minerals KW - electrons KW - 01A:General mineralogy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52139450?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Nanogeoscience%3B+from+the+movement+of+electrons+to+lithosphere+plates&rft.au=Lower%2C+Steven+K%3BHochella%2C+Michael+F%2C+Jr%3BBanfield%2C+Jillian+F%3BRosso%2C+Kevin+M&rft.aulast=Lower&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=53&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biogenic processes; biomolecules; chemical reactions; chemical weathering; crystal growth; crystal structure; electrons; high-resolution methods; lithosphere; metals; methods; minerals; molecules; oxidation; petrography; pyrite; SEM data; sphalerite; sulfides; TEM data; ultrastructure; weathering ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The inhibition of marine nitrification by ocean disposal of carbon dioxide AN - 19931512; 5358987 AB - In an attempt to reduce the threat of global warming, it has been proposed that the rise of atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations be reduced by the ocean disposal of CO sub(2) from the flue gases of fossil fuel-fired power plants. The release of large amounts of CO sub(2) into mid or deep ocean waters will result in large plumes of acidified seawater with pH values ranging from 6 to 8. In an effort to determine whether these CO sub(2)-induced pH changes have any effect on marine nitrification processes, surficial (euphotic zone) and deep (aphotic zone) seawater samples were sparged with CO sub(2) for varying time durations to achieve a specified pH reduction, and the rate of microbial ammonia oxidation was measured spectrophotometrically as a function of pH using an inhibitor technique. For both seawater samples taken from either the euphotic or aphotic zone, the nitrification rates dropped drastically with decreasing pH. Relative to nitrification rates in the original seawater at pH 8, nitrification rates were reduced by ca. 50% at pH 7 and more than 90% at pH 6.5. Nitrification was essentially completely inhibited at pH 6. These findings suggest that the disposal of CO sub(2) into mid or deep oceans will most likely result in a drastic reduction of ammonia oxidation rates within the pH plume and the concomitant accumulation of ammonia instead of nitrate. It is unlikely that ammonia will reach the high concentration levels at which marine aquatic organisms are known to be negatively affected. However, if the ammonia-rich seawater from inside the pH plume is upwelled into the euphotic zone, it is likely that changes in phytoplankton abundance and community structure will occur. Finally, the large-scale inhibition of nitrification and the subsequent reduction of nitrite and nitrate concentrations could also result in a decrease of denitrification rates which, in turn, could lead to the buildup of nitrogen and unpredictable eutrophication phenomena. Clearly, more research on the environmental effects of ocean disposal of CO sub(2) is needed to determine whether the potential costs related to marine ecosystem disturbance and disruption can be justified in terms of the perceived benefits that may be achieved by temporarily delaying global warming. JF - Marine Pollution Bulletin AU - Huesemann, M H AU - Skillman, AD AU - Crecelius, E A AD - Marine Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 1529 West Sequim Bay Road, Sequim, WA 98382, USA, michael.huesemann@pnl.gov Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - Feb 2002 SP - 142 EP - 148 VL - 44 IS - 2 SN - 0025-326X, 0025-326X KW - global warming KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Environmental Effects KW - Bioremediation KW - Phytoplankton KW - Hydrogen ion concentrations KW - Marine environment KW - Chemical inhibitors KW - Sedimentation KW - pH KW - Experimental Data KW - Atmospheric gases KW - Ammonia KW - Flue gas KW - Carbon cycle KW - Carbon dioxide in seawater KW - Greenhouse effect KW - Inhibition KW - Global Warming KW - Nitrification KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - Oxidation KW - Atmospheric chemistry KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Plankton KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - Ocean dumping KW - Pollution (Environmental) KW - Ocean Dumping KW - Eutrophication KW - Seawater KW - Power plants KW - Denitrification in seas KW - Marine ecosystems KW - Waste disposal KW - Marine KW - Euphotic zone KW - Ocean disposal KW - Aphotic zone KW - World Oceans KW - Biogeochemical cycle KW - Waste Disposal KW - Hydrogen Ion Concentration KW - Marine pollution KW - Disposal KW - Global warming KW - Pollution (Water) KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes KW - M2 551.465:Structure/Dynamics/Circulation (551.465) KW - O 4080:Pollution - Control and Prevention KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - A 01108:Other water systems KW - Q5 08522:Protective measures and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19931512?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Pollution+Bulletin&rft.atitle=The+inhibition+of+marine+nitrification+by+ocean+disposal+of+carbon+dioxide&rft.au=Huesemann%2C+M+H%3BSkillman%2C+AD%3BCrecelius%2C+E+A&rft.aulast=Huesemann&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=142&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Pollution+Bulletin&rft.issn=0025326X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Euphotic zone; Atmospheric gases; Bioremediation; Aphotic zone; Biogeochemical cycle; Ammonia; Carbon cycle; Greenhouse effect; Nitrification; Atmospheric chemistry; Carbon dioxide; Sedimentation; pH; Disposal; Eutrophication; Marine environment; Oxidation; Global warming; Denitrification in seas; Carbon dioxide in seawater; Marine ecosystems; Ocean dumping; Marine pollution; Seawater; Power plants; Flue gas; Pollution (Environmental); Ocean disposal; Chemical inhibitors; Waste disposal; Pollution (Water); Plankton; Hydrogen ion concentrations; Environmental Effects; Experimental Data; Ocean Dumping; Waste Disposal; Hydrogen Ion Concentration; Phytoplankton; Inhibition; Global Warming; Water Pollution Effects; Carbon Dioxide; World Oceans; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of critical path analysis to fractal porous media: comparison with examples from the Hanford site AN - 1665485589; 5377646 AB - Critical path analysis from percolation theory is used to calculate the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity, K(S), of soils with pore space compatible with a (sometimes complex) fractal description. The fractal descriptions are chosen in accord with particle-size distributions of two soils at the US Department of Energy Hanford Site. One of the two soils exhibits a bimodal particle-size distribution, and is treated as a "dual" fractal. The results are then compared with measured hydraulic properties of these two soils. The analysis yields excellent agreement with experiment over 4-6 orders of magnitude in most investigated properties without use of fitting parameters. It is possible to show that such unusual phenomena as a sudden increase in the spread of K values with reduction of matric potential can be traced to effects of a bimodal distribution of pore sizes. The least certain parameter for calculation of K is the "critical volume fraction", alpha sub(c), which describes the minimum water content for which an interconnected network of capillary flow exists. The values deduced for alpha sub(c), however, allow consistent interpretation in both soils investigated (in contrast to fitted values of a "residual moisture content" obtained by application of the van Genuchten function). Further, values of alpha sub(c) obtained correspond well with threshold moisture contents for solute diffusion reported elsewhere, evidence for the relevance of percolation to dispersion. JF - Advances in Water Resources AU - Hunt, A G AU - Gee, G W AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA, allen.hunt@pnl.gov Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - Feb 2002 SP - 129 EP - 146 VL - 25 IS - 2 SN - 0309-1708, 0309-1708 KW - USA, Washington, Richland, Hanford Site KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Soil Water Movement KW - Theoretical Analysis KW - Pore Size KW - Case Studies KW - Groundwater flow KW - Soil/water systems KW - USA, Washington, Richland KW - Permeability Coefficient KW - Fractals KW - Mathematical Studies KW - Percolation KW - Soil (Characteristics of) KW - Soil Properties KW - Permeation KW - SW 0845:Water in soils KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1665485589?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.atitle=Application+of+critical+path+analysis+to+fractal+porous+media%3A+comparison+with+examples+from+the+Hanford+site&rft.au=Hunt%2C+A+G%3BGee%2C+G+W&rft.aulast=Hunt&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=129&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.issn=03091708&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Percolation; Soil (Characteristics of); Soil/water systems; Groundwater flow; Permeation; Fractals; Theoretical Analysis; Soil Water Movement; Mathematical Studies; Pore Size; Case Studies; Soil Properties; Permeability Coefficient; USA, Washington, Richland ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fish individual-based numerical simulator (FINS): a particle-based model of juvenile salmonid movement and dissolved gas exposure history in the Columbia River basin AN - 18375647; 5351134 AB - This paper describes a numerical model of juvenile salmonid movements in the Columbia and Snake Rivers. The model, called the Fish Individual-based Numerical Simulator or FINS, employs a discrete, particle-based approach to simulate the movements and history of exposure to dissolved gases of individual fish. FINS is linked to a two-dimensional (vertically-averaged) hydrodynamic simulator that quantifies local water velocity, temperature, and dissolved gas levels as a function of river flow rates and dam operations. Simulated gas exposure histories can be input to biological mortality models to predict the effects of various river configurations on fish injury and mortality due to dissolved gas supersaturation. Therefore, FINS serves as a critical linkage between hydrodynamic models of the river system and models of biological effects. FINS model parameters were based on observations of individual fish movements collected using radiotelemetry methods during 1997 and 1998. A quasi-inverse approach was used to decouple fish swimming movements from advection with the local water velocity, allowing inference of time series of non-advective displacements of individual fish from the radiotelemetry data. Statistical analyzes of these displacements confirm that strong temporal correlation of fish swimming behavior persists in some cases over several hours. A correlated random-walk model was employed to simulate the observed behavior, and parameters of the model were estimated that lead to close correspondence between predictions and observations. JF - Ecological Modelling AU - Scheibe, T D AU - Richmond, M C AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MS K9-36, Richland, WA 99352, USA, tim.scheibe@pnl.gov Y1 - 2002/01/30/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jan 30 SP - 233 EP - 252 VL - 147 IS - 3 SN - 0304-3800, 0304-3800 KW - Salmonids KW - dissolved gas KW - Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts KW - D 04003:Modeling, mathematics, computer applications KW - Q1 01421:Migrations and rhythms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18375647?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Modelling&rft.atitle=Fish+individual-based+numerical+simulator+%28FINS%29%3A+a+particle-based+model+of+juvenile+salmonid+movement+and+dissolved+gas+exposure+history+in+the+Columbia+River+basin&rft.au=Scheibe%2C+T+D%3BRichmond%2C+M+C&rft.aulast=Scheibe&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2002-01-30&rft.volume=147&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=233&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Modelling&rft.issn=03043800&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Blind field test evaluation of Raman spectroscopy as a forensic tool. AN - 71463212; 11852198 AB - Analytical instrumentation for Raman spectroscopy has advanced rapidly in recent years to the point where commercial field-portable instruments are available. Raman analysis with portable instrumentation is a new capability that can provide emergency response teams with on-site evaluation of hazardous materials. Before Raman analysis is accepted and implemented in the field, realistic studies applied to unknown samples need to be performed to define the reliability of this technique. Studies described herein provide a rigorous blind field test that utilizes two instruments and two operators to analyze a matrix that consists of 58 unknown samples. Samples were searched against a custom hazardous materials reference library (Hazardous Material Response Unit (HMRU) Spectral Library Database). Experimental design included a number of intentionally difficult situations including binary solvent mixtures and a variety of compounds that yield medium-quality spectra that were not contained in the HMRU library. Results showed that over 97% of the samples were correctly identified with no occurrences of false positive identifications (compounds that were not in the library were never identified as library constituents). Statistical analysis indicated equivalent performance for both the operators and instruments. These results indicate a high level of performance that should extrapolate to actual field situations. Implementation of Raman techniques to emergency field situations should proceed with a corresponding level of confidence. JF - Forensic science international AU - Harvey, S D AU - Vucelick, M E AU - Lee, R N AU - Wright, B W AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Battelle Boulevard, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA. scott.harvey@pnl.gov Y1 - 2002/01/24/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jan 24 SP - 12 EP - 21 VL - 125 IS - 1 SN - 0379-0738, 0379-0738 KW - Hazardous Substances KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Equipment Design KW - Humans KW - Program Development KW - Observer Variation KW - Forensic Medicine -- standards KW - Forensic Medicine -- statistics & numerical data KW - Forensic Medicine -- methods KW - Spectrum Analysis, Raman -- instrumentation KW - Hazardous Substances -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71463212?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Forensic+science+international&rft.atitle=Blind+field+test+evaluation+of+Raman+spectroscopy+as+a+forensic+tool.&rft.au=Harvey%2C+S+D%3BVucelick%2C+M+E%3BLee%2C+R+N%3BWright%2C+B+W&rft.aulast=Harvey&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-01-24&rft.volume=125&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=12&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Forensic+science+international&rft.issn=03790738&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-04-23 N1 - Date created - 2002-02-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermosensitive sol-gel reversible hydrogels. AN - 71343186; 11755705 AB - Aqueous polymer solutions that are transformed into gels by changes in environmental conditions, such as temperature and pH, thus resulting in in situ hydrogel formation, have recently attracted the attention of many investigators for scientific interest and for practical biomedical or pharmaceutical applications. When the hydrogel is formed under physiological conditions and maintains its integrity for a desired period of time, the process may provide various advantages over conventional hydrogels. Because of the simplicity of pharmaceutical formulation by solution mixing, biocompatibility with biological systems, and convenient administration, the pharmaceutical and biomedical uses of the water-based sol-gel transition include solubilization of low-molecular-weight hydrophobic drugs, controlled release, labile biomacromolecule delivery, such as proteins and genes, cell immobilization, and tissue engineering. When the formed gel is proven to be biocompatible and biodegradable, producing non-toxic degradation products, it will provide further benefits for in vivo applications where degradation is desired. It is timely to summarize the polymeric systems that undergo sol-gel transitions, particularly due to temperature, with emphasis on the underlying transition mechanisms and potential delivery aspects. This review stresses the polymeric systems of natural or modified natural polymers, N-isopropylacrylamide copolymers, poly(ethylene oxide)/poly(propylene oxide) block copolymers, and poly(ethylene glycol)/poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) block copolymers. JF - Advanced drug delivery reviews AU - Jeong, Byeongmoon AU - Kim, Sung Wan AU - Bae, You Han AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), 902 Battelle Blvd. P.O. Box 999, K2-44, Richland, WA 99352, USA. Y1 - 2002/01/17/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jan 17 SP - 37 EP - 51 VL - 54 IS - 1 SN - 0169-409X, 0169-409X KW - Hydrogels KW - 0 KW - Polymers KW - Index Medicus KW - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration KW - Temperature KW - Drug Delivery Systems KW - Tissue Engineering KW - Polymers -- chemistry KW - Hydrogels -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71343186?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advanced+drug+delivery+reviews&rft.atitle=Thermosensitive+sol-gel+reversible+hydrogels.&rft.au=Jeong%2C+Byeongmoon%3BKim%2C+Sung+Wan%3BBae%2C+You+Han&rft.aulast=Jeong&rft.aufirst=Byeongmoon&rft.date=2002-01-17&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=37&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advanced+drug+delivery+reviews&rft.issn=0169409X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-02-21 N1 - Date created - 2001-12-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microdosimetric properties of ionizing electrons in water: a test of the PENELOPE code system. AN - 71402001; 11814229 AB - The ability to simulate the tortuous path of very low-energy electrons in condensed matter is important for a variety of applications in radiobiology. Event-by-event Monte Carlo codes such as OREC, MOCA and PITS represent the preferred method of computing distributions of microdosimetric quantities. However, event-by-event Monte Carlo is computationally expensive, and the cross sections needed to transport simulations to this level of detail are usually only available for water. In the recently developed PENELOPE code system, 'hard' electron and positron interactions are simulated in a detailed way while soft' interactions are treated using multiple scattering theory. Using this mixed simulation algorithm, electrons and positrons can be transported down to energies as low as 100 eV. To our knowledge, PENELOPE is the first widely available, general purpose Monte Carlo code system capable of transporting electrons and positrons in arbitrary media down to such low energies. The ability to transport electrons and positrons to such low energies opens up the possibility of using a general purpose Monte Carlo code system for microdosimetry. This paper presents the results of a code intercomparison study designed to test the applicability of the PENELOPE code system for microdosimetry applications. For sites comparable in size to a mammalian cell or cell nucleus, single-event distributions, site-hit probabilities and the frequency-mean specific energy per event are in reasonable agreement with those predicted using event-by-event Monte Carlo. Site-hit probabilities and the mean specific energy per event can be estimated to within about 1-10% of those predicted using event-by-event Monte Carlo. However, for some combinations of site size and source-target geometry, site-hit probabilities and the mean specific energy per event may only agree to within 25-60%. The most problematic source-target geometry is one in which the emitted electrons are very close to the tally site (e.g., a point source on the surface of a cell). Although event-by-event Monte Carlo will continue to be the method of choice for microdosimetry, PENELOPE is a useful, computationally efficient tool for some classes of microdosimetry problem. PENELOPE may prove particularly useful for applications that involve radiation transport through materials other than water or for applications that are too computationally intensive for event-by-event Monte Carlo, such as in vivo microdosimetry of spatially complex distributions of radioisotopes inside the human body. JF - Physics in medicine and biology AU - Stewart, R D AU - Wilson, W E AU - McDonald, J C AU - Strom, D J AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352-0999, USA. trebor@pnl.gov Y1 - 2002/01/07/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jan 07 SP - 79 EP - 88 VL - 47 IS - 1 SN - 0031-9155, 0031-9155 KW - Ions KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Software KW - Electrons KW - Humans KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation KW - Monte Carlo Method KW - Radiometry -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71402001?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physics+in+medicine+and+biology&rft.atitle=Microdosimetric+properties+of+ionizing+electrons+in+water%3A+a+test+of+the+PENELOPE+code+system.&rft.au=Stewart%2C+R+D%3BWilson%2C+W+E%3BMcDonald%2C+J+C%3BStrom%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Stewart&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2002-01-07&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=79&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Physics+in+medicine+and+biology&rft.issn=00319155&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-07-22 N1 - Date created - 2002-01-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Treatment of explosive compounds in unsaturated sediment using oxidizing gas mixtures AN - 855196693; 2011-025267 JF - International Conference on Remediation of Chlorinated and Recalcitrant Compounds AU - Gilmore, Tyler AU - Cantrell, Kirk AU - Thornton, Edward A2 - Gavaskar, Arun R. A2 - Chen, Abraham S. C. Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - Paper 2G EP - 05 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3 KW - soils KW - pollutants KW - oxidation KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - trinitrotoluene KW - techniques KW - RDX KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - triazines KW - organic compounds KW - solvents KW - explosives KW - decontamination KW - nitrate ion KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/855196693?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Conference+on+Remediation+of+Chlorinated+and+Recalcitrant+Compounds&rft.atitle=Treatment+of+explosive+compounds+in+unsaturated+sediment+using+oxidizing+gas+mixtures&rft.au=Gilmore%2C+Tyler%3BCantrell%2C+Kirk%3BThornton%2C+Edward&rft.aulast=Gilmore&rft.aufirst=Tyler&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Conference+on+Remediation+of+Chlorinated+and+Recalcitrant+Compounds&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international conference on Remediation of chlorinated and recalcitrant compounds N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #05518 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; decontamination; explosives; ground water; nitrate ion; organic compounds; oxidation; pollutants; pollution; RDX; remediation; soils; solvents; techniques; triazines; trinitrotoluene; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evidence of thermophilic biodegradation for PAHs and diesel in soil AN - 855196611; 2011-025271 JF - International Conference on Remediation of Chlorinated and Recalcitrant Compounds AU - Huesemann, M H AU - Hausmann, T S AU - Fortman, T J AU - Truex, M J A2 - Gavaskar, Arun R. A2 - Chen, Abraham S. C. Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - Paper 2G EP - 09 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3 KW - soils KW - biodegradation KW - in situ KW - naphthalene KW - thermal properties KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - bioavailability KW - petroleum products KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - thermal treatment KW - pyrene KW - phenanthrene KW - organic compounds KW - solvents KW - chrysene KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - kinetics KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/855196611?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Conference+on+Remediation+of+Chlorinated+and+Recalcitrant+Compounds&rft.atitle=Evidence+of+thermophilic+biodegradation+for+PAHs+and+diesel+in+soil&rft.au=Huesemann%2C+M+H%3BHausmann%2C+T+S%3BFortman%2C+T+J%3BTruex%2C+M+J&rft.aulast=Huesemann&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Conference+on+Remediation+of+Chlorinated+and+Recalcitrant+Compounds&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international conference on Remediation of chlorinated and recalcitrant compounds N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #05518 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; bioavailability; biodegradation; bioremediation; chrysene; ground water; hydrocarbons; in situ; kinetics; naphthalene; organic compounds; petroleum products; phenanthrene; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; pyrene; remediation; soils; solvents; thermal properties; thermal treatment; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Current challenges in personal dosimetry at the US DOE Hanford site. AN - 72183611; 12382727 AB - An overview is presented of the dosimetry system, dose equivalent calculation methodology, and QA/QC practices used at the US Department of Energy Hanford site. It describes some of the problems encountered in accurately measuring dose equivalent quantities under a broad range of field conditions that do not necessarily correlate with laboratory calibration conditions and the approach taken to solve these problems. Personnel at Hanford are monitored with a combination of Harshaw model 8825 and 8816 thermoluminescence dosemeters and CR-39 etched track dosemeters. Extremities are monitored using the ICN MeasuRing loaded with a Harshaw XD740 chipstrate TLD. All dosemeters employ LiF:Mg,Ti elements that are read on-site with Harshaw model 8800 and 6600 TLD readers. CR-39 dosemeters are electrochemically etched in non-commercial etch chambers and counted with an automated track counting system developed by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. Problems with over response of the 8825 with respect to Hp(0.07), under-response of the 8825 with respect to Hp(3), and over response of the 8825 with respect to Hp(10) in Hanford's 90Sr/90Y beta radiation fields are discussed. Approaches to measurement of the operational quantities for field conditions and algorithm solutions to the above problems are described. Methods used to calibrate the ring dosemeter for Hanford field conditions together with limitations of the ring dosemeter in measuring Hp(0.07) for extremities, particularly when covered with protective clothing, are also discussed. JF - Radiation protection dosimetry AU - Rathbone, B A AU - McDonald, J C AU - Traub, R J AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA. bruce.rathbone@pnl.gov Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 153 EP - 166 VL - 101 IS - 1-4 SN - 0144-8420, 0144-8420 KW - Cesium Radioisotopes KW - 0 KW - Yttrium Radioisotopes KW - Strontium KW - YZS2RPE8LE KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Neutrons KW - Equipment Design KW - Gamma Rays KW - Government Agencies KW - Algorithms KW - Calibration KW - Beta Particles KW - Quality Control KW - Thermoluminescent Dosimetry -- methods KW - Thermoluminescent Dosimetry -- standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72183611?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.atitle=Current+challenges+in+personal+dosimetry+at+the+US+DOE+Hanford+site.&rft.au=Rathbone%2C+B+A%3BMcDonald%2C+J+C%3BTraub%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Rathbone&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=153&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.issn=01448420&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-04-23 N1 - Date created - 2002-10-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characteristics and performance of the Sunna high dose dosemeter using green photoluminescence and UV absorption readout methods. AN - 72183510; 12382704 AB - Growth in the use of ionising radiation for medical sterilisation and the potential for wide-scale international food irradiation have created the need for robust, mass-producible, inexpensive, and highly accurate radiation dosemeters. The Sunna dosemeter, lithium fluoride injection-moulded in a polyethylene matrix, can be read out using either green photoluminescence or ultraviolet (UV) absorption. The Sunna dosemeter can be mass-produced inexpensively with high precision. Both the photoluminescent and the UV absorption reader are simple and inexpensive. Both methods of analysis display negligible humidity effects, minimal dose rate dependence, acceptable post-irradiation effects, and permit measurements with a precision of nearly 1% 1sigma. The UV method shows negligible irradiation temperature effects from -30 degrees C to +60 degrees C. The photoluminescence method shows negligible irradiation temperature effects above room temperature for sterilisation dose levels and above. The dosimetry characteristics of these two readout methods are presented along with performance data in commercial sterilisation facilities. JF - Radiation protection dosimetry AU - Miller, S D AU - Murphy, M K AU - Tinker, M R AU - Kovacs, A AU - McLaughlin, W AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA. sd-miller@pnl.gov Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 53 EP - 58 VL - 101 IS - 1-4 SN - 0144-8420, 0144-8420 KW - Index Medicus KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Luminescent Measurements KW - Humidity KW - Time Factors KW - Radiation Dosage KW - Ultraviolet Rays KW - Radiometry -- instrumentation KW - Radiometry -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72183510?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.atitle=Characteristics+and+performance+of+the+Sunna+high+dose+dosemeter+using+green+photoluminescence+and+UV+absorption+readout+methods.&rft.au=Miller%2C+S+D%3BMurphy%2C+M+K%3BTinker%2C+M+R%3BKovacs%2C+A%3BMcLaughlin%2C+W&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=53&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.issn=01448420&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-04-23 N1 - Date created - 2002-10-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Is it useful to assess annual effective doses that are less than 100 mSv? AN - 71570796; 11926376 AB - Questions such as 'How small is small?' and 'How low is low enough?' have long plagued radiation dosimetrists and risk management personnel. Unfortunately, our knowledge about the biological effects of low levels of ionising radiation is scarce and uncertain. If we look to the results of epidemiological studies, we find that it is not easy to arrive at firm conclusions. However, some current radiobiological experiments using microbeams of various radiations, along with improved theoretical models of radiation action, may shed new light on the effects of low levels of ionising radiation. What shall we do in the meantime? Both of our debaters agree that monitoring of radiation workers is necessary, yet careful consideration must be given to the rationale for providing personal monitoring. There is no question that we have done a good job of protecting radiation workers for many years, but we also must be aware of the many implications of our efforts. JF - Radiation protection dosimetry AU - Strom, D J AU - Cameron, J R AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA. Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 239 EP - 245 VL - 98 IS - 2 SN - 0144-8420, 0144-8420 KW - Index Medicus KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Neoplasms -- mortality KW - Humans KW - Safety KW - Occupational Diseases -- prevention & control KW - Occupational Diseases -- etiology KW - Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced -- mortality KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation KW - Radiology KW - Occupational Diseases -- mortality KW - Transportation KW - United Kingdom -- epidemiology KW - Adult KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced -- prevention & control KW - Male KW - Radiation Dosage KW - Radiation Monitoring -- standards KW - Radiation Protection -- standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71570796?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.atitle=Is+it+useful+to+assess+annual+effective+doses+that+are+less+than+100+mSv%3F&rft.au=Strom%2C+D+J%3BCameron%2C+J+R&rft.aulast=Strom&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=98&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=239&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.issn=01448420&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-10-10 N1 - Date created - 2002-04-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sorption of Cs (super +) to micaceous subsurface sediments from the Hanford Site, USA AN - 52118431; 2002-018070 AB - The sorption of Cs (super +) was investigated over a large concentration range (10 (super -9) -10 (super -2) mol/L) on subsurface sediments from a United States nuclear materials site (Hanford) where high-level nuclear wastes (HLW) have been accidentally released to the vadose zone. The sediment sorbs large amounts of radiocesium, but expedited migration has been observed when HLW (a NaNO (sub 3) brine) is the carrier. Cs (super +) sorption was measured on homoionic sediments (Na (super +) , K (super +) , Ca (super 2+) ) with electrolyte concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 1.0 mol/L. In Na (super +) electrolyte, concentrations were extended to near saturation with NaNO (sub 3(s)) (7.0 mol/L). The sediment contained nonexpansible (biotite, muscovite) and expansible (vermiculite, smectite) phyllosilicates. The sorption data were interpreted according to the frayed edge-planar site conceptual model. A four-parameter, two-site (high- and low-affinity) numeric ion exchange model was effective in describing the sorption data. The high-affinity sites were ascribed to wedge zones on the micas where particle edges have partially expanded due to the removal of interlayer cations during weathering, and the low-affinity ones to planar sites on the expansible clays. The electrolyte cations competed with Cs (super +) for both high- and low-affinity sites according to the trend K (super +) >> Na (super +) > or = Ca (super 2+) . At high salt concentration, Cs (super +) adsorption occurred only on high-affinity sites. Na (super +) was an effective competitor for the high-affinity sites at high salt concentrations. In select experiments, silver-thiourea (AgTU) was used as a blocking agent to further isolate and characterize the high-affinity sites, but the method was found to be problematic. Mica particles were handpicked from the sediment, contacted with Cs (super +) (sub (aq)) , and analyzed by electron microprobe to identify phases and features important to Cs (super +) sorption. The microprobe study implied that biotite was the primary contributor of high-affinity sites because of its weathered periphery. The poly-phase sediment exhibited close similarity in ion selectivity to illite, which has been well studied, although its proportion of high-affinity sites relative to the cation exchange capacity (CEC) was lower than that of illite. Important insights are provided on how Na (super +) in HLW and indigenous K (super +) displaced from the sediments may act to expedite the migration of strongly sorbing Cs (super +) in subsurface environments. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Zachara, John M AU - Smith, Steven C AU - Liu, Chongxuan AU - McKinley, James P AU - Serne, R Jeffrey AU - Gassman, Paul L Y1 - 2002/01// PY - 2002 DA - January 2002 SP - 193 EP - 211 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 66 IS - 2 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - sorption KW - desorption KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - isotopes KW - muscovite KW - waste disposal sites KW - unsaturated zone KW - radioactive decay KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - laboratory studies KW - radioactive isotopes KW - cesium KW - mica group KW - sediments KW - ion exchange KW - geochemistry KW - soils KW - experimental studies KW - Washington KW - clastic sediments KW - pollutants KW - alkali metals KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - electrolytes KW - adsorption KW - models KW - Cs-137 KW - metals KW - biotite KW - sheet silicates KW - waste disposal KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52118431?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Sorption+of+Cs+%28super+%2B%29+to+micaceous+subsurface+sediments+from+the+Hanford+Site%2C+USA&rft.au=Zachara%2C+John+M%3BSmith%2C+Steven+C%3BLiu%2C+Chongxuan%3BMcKinley%2C+James+P%3BSerne%2C+R+Jeffrey%3BGassman%2C+Paul+L&rft.aulast=Zachara&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=193&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2801%2900759-1 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 43 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; alkali metals; biotite; cesium; clastic sediments; Cs-137; desorption; electrolytes; experimental studies; geochemistry; ground water; Hanford Site; ion exchange; isotopes; laboratory studies; metals; mica group; models; muscovite; pollutants; pollution; radioactive decay; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; sediments; sheet silicates; silicates; soils; sorption; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington; waste disposal; waste disposal sites; X-ray diffraction data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(01)00759-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Detection and analysis of xenon isotopes for the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty international monitoring system AN - 52093836; 2002-048882 JF - Journal of Environmental Radioactivity AU - Bowyer, Ted W AU - Schlosser, C AU - Abel, K H AU - Auer, M AU - Hayes, J C AU - Heimbigner, T R AU - McIntyre, J I AU - Panisko, M E AU - Reeder, P L AU - Satorius, H AU - Schulze, J AU - Weiss, W Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 139 EP - 151 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 59 IS - 2 SN - 0265-931X, 0265-931X KW - Freiburg Germany KW - isotopes KW - detection limit KW - radioactivity KW - Baden-Wurttemberg Germany KW - international cooperation KW - techniques KW - Europe KW - radioactive fallout KW - radioactive isotopes KW - noble gases KW - Central Europe KW - Xe-133 KW - nuclear explosions KW - mobility KW - concentration KW - monitoring KW - explosions KW - pollution KW - atmosphere KW - samplers KW - xenon KW - physical properties KW - detection KW - air KW - Germany KW - instruments KW - Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52093836?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Radioactivity&rft.atitle=Detection+and+analysis+of+xenon+isotopes+for+the+Comprehensive+Nuclear-Test-Ban+Treaty+international+monitoring+system&rft.au=Bowyer%2C+Ted+W%3BSchlosser%2C+C%3BAbel%2C+K+H%3BAuer%2C+M%3BHayes%2C+J+C%3BHeimbigner%2C+T+R%3BMcIntyre%2C+J+I%3BPanisko%2C+M+E%3BReeder%2C+P+L%3BSatorius%2C+H%3BSchulze%2C+J%3BWeiss%2C+W&rft.aulast=Bowyer&rft.aufirst=Ted&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=139&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Radioactivity&rft.issn=0265931X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/0265931X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air; atmosphere; Baden-Wurttemberg Germany; Central Europe; Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty; concentration; detection; detection limit; Europe; explosions; Freiburg Germany; Germany; instruments; international cooperation; isotopes; mobility; monitoring; noble gases; nuclear explosions; physical properties; pollution; radioactive fallout; radioactive isotopes; radioactivity; samplers; techniques; Xe-133; xenon ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multi-region transport and competitive ion exchange in partially saturated porous media AN - 52065019; 2002-066969 JF - Developments in Water Science AU - Yabusaki, S B A2 - Hassanizadeh, S. Majid A2 - Schotting, Ruud J. A2 - Gray, William G. A2 - Pinder, George F. Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 579 EP - 585 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam-Oxford-New York VL - 47, Vol. 1 SN - 0167-5648, 0167-5648 KW - United States KW - sorption KW - isotopes KW - unsaturated zone KW - Grant County Washington KW - Franklin County Washington KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - radioactive isotopes KW - cesium KW - transport KW - tracers KW - ion exchange KW - Benton County Washington KW - mobility KW - Washington KW - pollutants KW - alkali metals KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - porous materials KW - Cs-137 KW - saturation KW - metals KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52065019?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Developments+in+Water+Science&rft.atitle=Multi-region+transport+and+competitive+ion+exchange+in+partially+saturated+porous+media&rft.au=Yabusaki%2C+S+B&rft.aulast=Yabusaki&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=47%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=579&rft.isbn=0444509755&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Developments+in+Water+Science&rft.issn=01675648&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/bookseriesdescription.cws_home/BS_DWS/description LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - XIVth international conference on Computational methods in water resources (CMWR XIV) N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 12 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; Benton County Washington; cesium; Cs-137; Franklin County Washington; Grant County Washington; ground water; Hanford Site; ion exchange; isotopes; metals; mobility; pollutants; pollution; porous materials; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; saturation; sorption; tracers; transport; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Formation of residual NAPL in three-phase systems; experiments and numerical simulations AN - 52064722; 2002-066921 JF - Developments in Water Science AU - Hofstee, C AU - Oostrom, M A2 - Hassanizadeh, S. Majid A2 - Schotting, Ruud J. A2 - Gray, William G. A2 - Pinder, George F. Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 193 EP - 200 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam-Oxford-New York VL - 47, Vol. 1 SN - 0167-5648, 0167-5648 KW - numerical models KW - capillary pressure KW - pollutants KW - one-dimensional models KW - three-phase models KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - preferential flow KW - simulation KW - porosity KW - two-dimensional models KW - ground water KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - organic compounds KW - transport KW - pore water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52064722?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Developments+in+Water+Science&rft.atitle=Formation+of+residual+NAPL+in+three-phase+systems%3B+experiments+and+numerical+simulations&rft.au=Hofstee%2C+C%3BOostrom%2C+M&rft.aulast=Hofstee&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=47%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=193&rft.isbn=0444509755&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Developments+in+Water+Science&rft.issn=01675648&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/bookseriesdescription.cws_home/BS_DWS/description LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - XIVth international conference on Computational methods in water resources (CMWR XIV) N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - capillary pressure; ground water; nonaqueous phase liquids; numerical models; one-dimensional models; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; pore water; porosity; preferential flow; simulation; three-phase models; transport; two-dimensional models; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of Na-montmorillonite in the evolution of copper, nickel, and vanadyl geoporphyrins during diagenesis AN - 52058832; 2002-071318 AB - Sorption of a series of toluene-solvated porphyrins with differing structural characteristics and metallic centers [i.e. free-base, Cu(II), Ni(II) and VO(II)] onto Na-montmorillonite was measured to determine how this clay mineral might influence porphyrin pathways during diagenesis. In most instances, adsorption was adequately described by the Langmuir isotherm equation. The adsorption results were compared in two ways: (1) by the metallating ion, where predicted trends of the relative degree of adsorption are based on Buchler stability indices, and (2) by the structural type, where predicted trends of the relative degree of adsorption are based on the number and type of substituent groups and their corresponding steric and functional characteristics. The implications of macrocycle shape (planar, ruffle, and wave) are also discussed. In general, sorption affinity based on metallating ion followed the order: VO(II) nearly equal Ni(II)1.5 MPa), which limits airflow through the plate. The typical saturated hydraulic conductivity of the 15-bar plate is <3 x 10 super(-11) m s super(- 1). Low plate conductance coupled with decreasing soil hydraulic conductivities at high pressures strongly influence equilibrium times, which theoretically may extend to months or years. We measured the soil water pressures (suctions) for three soils, a sand, a silt loam, and a clay, placed on 15-bar pressure plates for 10 d or longer, with and without static loads and with and without using a kaolinite slurry to improve plate contact. Total matric suctions, inferred from peltier psychrometry data, were always <1.0 MPa. When sample height was increased from 1.5 to 3 cm, the water contents increased and total suctions decreased to 0.15 MPa for sand, 0.3 MPa for silt loam, and 0.55 MPa for clay. These data suggest that alternative methods other than pressure plates may be required to measure equilibrium water suctions of soils in reasonable times in the 1.5-MPa (15-bar) pressure range and that loading of the samples and use of kaolinite slurry appear to be ineffective in speeding equilibrium. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Gee, G W AU - Ward, AL AU - Zhang, Z F AU - Campbell, G S AU - Mathison, J AD - Hydrology Group, Environmental Technology Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99353, USA, glendon.gee@pnl.gov Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 172 EP - 178 PB - Soil Science Society of America, 677 South Segoe Rd Maxison WI 53711 USA, [URL:http://www.soils.org/] VL - 1 IS - 1 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - SW 0845:Water in soils KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17651969?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=The+Influence+of+Hydraulic+Nonequilibrium+on+Pressure+Plate+Data&rft.au=Gee%2C+G+W%3BWard%2C+AL%3BZhang%2C+Z+F%3BCampbell%2C+G+S%3BMathison%2C+J&rft.aulast=Gee&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=172&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Semi-analytical approaches to modeling deep well injection CO sub(2) for geological sequestration AN - 16132411; 5304509 AB - Geological sequestration of CO sub(2) has been recognized as an important strategy for reducing the CO sub(2) concentration in the atmosphere. Simple and easy to use modeling tools would be valuable in assessing the performance of a deep well operation during and after injection. Presented here is a semi-analytical model to simulate the deep well injection of CO sub(2) for geological sequestration. Equations governing the radial injection of an immiscible CO sub(2) phase into saturated confined formations (representing deep saline aquifers and reservoirs), its axisymmetric flow around the injector and eventual buoyancy driven floating with simultaneous dissolution were formulated. The effect of pertinent fluid, reservoir and operational characteristics on the deep well injection of CO sub(2) was investigated. The results indicate that the injected CO sub(2) initially grows as a bubble radially outward, a part of which eventually dissolves in the formation waters, floats toward the top due to buoyancy and settles near the top confining layer. It was shown that the formation permeability and porosity, as well as the rate and pressure of injection, all have a significant influence on the growth and ultimate distribution of the immiscible CO sub(2) phase. Further, dissolution of CO sub(2) also was shown to have a significant effect on the growth and distribution of the CO sub(2) bubble. JF - Energy Conversion & Management AU - Saripalli, P AU - McGrail, P AD - Environmental Technology Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 1313 Sigma V Complex (K6-81), Richland, WA 99352, USA, prasad.saripalli@pnl.gov Y1 - 2002/01// PY - 2002 DA - Jan 2002 SP - 185 EP - 198 VL - 43 IS - 2 SN - 0196-8904, 0196-8904 KW - carbon sequestration KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Storage KW - Air pollution control KW - Emission control KW - Carbon dioxide KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16132411?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+Conversion+%26+Management&rft.atitle=Semi-analytical+approaches+to+modeling+deep+well+injection+CO+sub%282%29+for+geological+sequestration&rft.au=Saripalli%2C+P%3BMcGrail%2C+P&rft.aulast=Saripalli&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=185&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+Conversion+%26+Management&rft.issn=01968904&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Storage; Emission control; Air pollution control; Carbon dioxide ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Cs/K exchange in muscovite interlayers; an ab initio treatment AN - 52141575; 2002-023394 AB - Plane-wave pseudopotential total energy calculations have been applied to investigate the structure and energetics of the Cs/K exchange into interlayer sites in muscovite mica. Novel muscovite structures were designed to isolate the effects of 2:1 layer charge, cation size/interlayer site shape, and tetrahedral Al/Si substitutions on the exchange. All atom and cell-parameter optimizations were performed with the intention to mimic the constant pressure, non-isovolumetric exchange conditions thought to be found at frayed-edge sites. Under conditions where the cell parameters are allowed to relax, the overall Cs/K exchange reaction is surprisingly close to isoenergetic. The forward reaction is more strongly favored with increasing layer charge. For the condition of zero layer charge and no interlayer site distortion, the difference in the optimal interlayer spacing for Cs relative to K is very small, indicating a baseline indifference of the muscovite structure to cation size. The presence of 2:1 layer charge or tetrahedral rotations arising from Al/Si substitutions clearly change this outcome. Analysis of the dependence of the interlayer spacing on layer charge shows that while the spacing collapses with increasing layer charge for K as the interlayer cation, the reverse is true for Cs. We attribute the contrasting behavior to inherent differences in the ability of these cations to screen 2:1 layer-layer repulsions. Such effects might be involved during exchange at frayed-edge sites where interlayer spacings are increased. This is known, from experiment, to be very selective for Cs. Overall, the exchange energetics are so low that the Cs/K exchange rate and degree of irreversibility are likely to be dominated by diffusion kinetics. JF - Clays and Clay Minerals AU - Rosso, Kevin M AU - Rustad, James R AU - Bylaska, Eric J Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 500 EP - 513 PB - Clay Minerals Society, Clarkson, NY VL - 49 IS - 6 SN - 0009-8604, 0009-8604 KW - silicates KW - mineral interlayer KW - experimental studies KW - cation exchange capacity KW - muscovite KW - clay mineralogy KW - alkali metals KW - organo-metallics KW - cesium KW - mica group KW - metals KW - potassium KW - chemical properties KW - sheet silicates KW - chemical ratios KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52141575?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clays+and+Clay+Minerals&rft.atitle=The+Cs%2FK+exchange+in+muscovite+interlayers%3B+an+ab+initio+treatment&rft.au=Rosso%2C+Kevin+M%3BRustad%2C+James+R%3BBylaska%2C+Eric+J&rft.aulast=Rosso&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=500&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clays+and+Clay+Minerals&rft.issn=00098604&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 56 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CLCMAB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; cation exchange capacity; cesium; chemical properties; chemical ratios; clay mineralogy; experimental studies; metals; mica group; mineral interlayer; muscovite; organo-metallics; potassium; sheet silicates; silicates ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Two-region flow and decreased sorption of uranium (VI) during transport in Hanford groundwater and unsaturated sands AN - 50154423; 2002-053953 AB - Uranium, U(VI), sorption and transport in unsaturated coarse- and fine- textured sands were evaluated using a centrifuge method; batch incubation and saturated column experiments were conducted to isolate the effect of flow from that of water content. At higher water contents (> or =66% saturation), decreases in U(VI) sorption were due to rate limitations. These breakthrough curves (BTCs) were well characterized with a two-site model for sorption (linear distribution coefficient Kd and first-order kinetic term); BTC characteristics were not captured with an equilibrium sorption model. At lower water contents (<30% saturation), two-region flow (mobile-immobile water) was apparent and had a significant impact on U(VI) sorption and transport. Uranium BTCs were characterized with two-region mass transfer parameters that were determined in experiments with conservative tracers. Decreases in uranium sorption at 22% and 13% saturation were greater than could be explained by velocity or rate-limited effects. Conservative tracer experiments indicated that solutes were excluded from a fraction of the pore volume; however, the decrease in uranium sorption was greater than predicted from this fraction. The results suggest that a greater propensity to sorb uranium was associated with sediment particles in contact with the excluded immobile water domain. Copyright 2001 by the American Geophysical Union. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Gamerdinger, A P AU - Kalpan, D I AU - Wellman, D M AU - Serne, R J Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 3155 EP - 3162 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 37 IS - 12 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - sorption KW - isotopes KW - site exploration KW - unsaturated zone KW - environmental analysis KW - environmental effects KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - radioactive isotopes KW - centrifuge methods KW - sediments KW - water content KW - sand KW - experimental studies KW - Washington KW - clastic sediments KW - Hanford Site KW - mathematical models KW - case studies KW - convection-dispersion equation KW - metals KW - uranium KW - waste disposal KW - actinides KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50154423?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Two-region+flow+and+decreased+sorption+of+uranium+%28VI%29+during+transport+in+Hanford+groundwater+and+unsaturated+sands&rft.au=Gamerdinger%2C+A+P%3BKalpan%2C+D+I%3BWellman%2C+D+M%3BSerne%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Gamerdinger&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=3155&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2001WR000247 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; case studies; centrifuge methods; clastic sediments; convection-dispersion equation; environmental analysis; environmental effects; experimental studies; ground water; Hanford Site; isotopes; mathematical models; metals; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; sand; sediments; site exploration; solute transport; sorption; United States; unsaturated zone; uranium; Washington; waste disposal; water content DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2001WR000247 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Two-region flow and rate-limited sorption of uranium (VI) during transport in an unsaturated silt loam AN - 50154120; 2002-053952 AB - Uranium (VI) sorption during unsaturated transport was evaluated using a centrifuge method; conventional saturated columns and batch incubation procedures were used to isolate flow effects on sorption processes. Uranium (VI) sorption was dependent on flow velocity, and modeling indicated that 60% of sorption was rate-limited. Breakthrough curves were described and independently predicted with a two-site model; the mass transfer coefficient for sorption was assumed to be linearly related to velocity. While two-region flow contributed to disparity in apparent K (sub d ) values (linear distribution coefficient) at different water contents, the effect was explained by increased velocity in the mobile flow domain and not a decrease in availability of sorption sites. Hydrodynamic parameters for two-region transport, determined for a nonsorptive tracer at faster velocity (16 cm h (super -1) ), were fixed and described U(VI) transport at slower velocity (2 cm h (super -1) ). The rate-limited parameter for mass transfer between mobile and immobile water domains was linearly related to the average pore water velocity. Effective retardation factors varied with moisture saturation and the apparent K (sub d ) value and ranged from 7 for faster velocity experiments in a saturated column to 44 at slow velocity and 40% moisture saturation. Copyright 2001 by the American Geophysical Union. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Gamerdinger, A P AU - Kaplan, D I AU - Wellman, D M AU - Serne, R J Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 3147 EP - 3153 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 37 IS - 12 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - sorption KW - isotopes KW - site exploration KW - waste disposal sites KW - unsaturated zone KW - gravel KW - fluid dynamics KW - environmental effects KW - radioactive waste KW - radioactive isotopes KW - centrifuge methods KW - transport KW - sediments KW - valency KW - geochemistry KW - soils KW - sand KW - Washington KW - clastic sediments KW - Hanford Site KW - silt KW - rates KW - mathematical models KW - hydrochemistry KW - models KW - case studies KW - loam KW - saturation KW - metals KW - uranium KW - waste disposal KW - actinides KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50154120?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Two-region+flow+and+rate-limited+sorption+of+uranium+%28VI%29+during+transport+in+an+unsaturated+silt+loam&rft.au=Gamerdinger%2C+A+P%3BKaplan%2C+D+I%3BWellman%2C+D+M%3BSerne%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Gamerdinger&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=3147&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2001WR000244 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; case studies; centrifuge methods; clastic sediments; environmental effects; fluid dynamics; geochemistry; gravel; Hanford Site; hydrochemistry; isotopes; loam; mathematical models; metals; models; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; rates; sand; saturation; sediments; silt; site exploration; soils; solute transport; sorption; transport; United States; unsaturated zone; uranium; valency; Washington; waste disposal; waste disposal sites DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2001WR000244 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of porosity on the adsorption, desorption, trapping, and release of volatile gases by amorphous solid water AN - 50153433; 2003-045649 AB - We compare the adsorption, desorption, trapping, and release of Ar, N (sub 2) , O (sub 2) , CO, and CH (sub 4) by dense (nonporous) and highly porous amorphous solid water (ASW) films. Molecular beam deposition techniques are used to control the porosity of the vapor-deposited ASW thin films. Experiments where the gas species is deposited on top of and underneath dense and porous ASW are conducted. For the film thickness used in this study, the porous films are found to adsorb between 20 and 50 times more gas than the dense films. The desorption temperature of the adsorbed gas is also dependent on the porosity of the ASW film. Differences between desorption from porous and dense ASW films are attributed to differences in their ability to trap weakly physisorbed gases. The results are largely independent of the gas studied, confirming that the adsorption and trapping of gases are dominated by the ASW porosity. These findings show that laboratory studies must account for the growth conditions and their effects on ASW morphology in order to accurately predict the properties of astrophysical ices. Copyright 2001 by the American Geophysical Union. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Ayotte, Patrick AU - Smith, R Scott AU - Stevenson, K P AU - Dohnalek, Z AU - Kimmel, Greg A AU - Kay, Bruce D AU - Domingue, Deborah AU - Allamandola, Louis Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 33 EP - 33,392 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 106 IS - E12 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - desorption KW - electron diffraction data KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - interplanetary space KW - ions KW - temperature KW - nitrogen KW - carbon dioxide KW - sputtering KW - laboratory studies KW - ice KW - Auger spectroscopy KW - spectra KW - satellites KW - chemical composition KW - water KW - experimental studies KW - methane KW - gaseous phase KW - amorphous materials KW - porous materials KW - alkanes KW - adsorption KW - porosity KW - gases KW - terrestrial planets KW - solid phase KW - molecular structure KW - planets KW - ice mixtures KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - comets KW - traps KW - hydrocarbons KW - spectroscopy KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50153433?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Effect+of+porosity+on+the+adsorption%2C+desorption%2C+trapping%2C+and+release+of+volatile+gases+by+amorphous+solid+water&rft.au=Ayotte%2C+Patrick%3BSmith%2C+R+Scott%3BStevenson%2C+K+P%3BDohnalek%2C+Z%3BKimmel%2C+Greg+A%3BKay%2C+Bruce+D%3BDomingue%2C+Deborah%3BAllamandola%2C+Louis&rft.aulast=Ayotte&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=E12&rft.spage=33&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2000JE001362 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 43 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; amorphous materials; Auger spectroscopy; carbon dioxide; chemical composition; comets; desorption; electron diffraction data; experimental studies; gaseous phase; gases; hydrocarbons; ice; ice mixtures; interplanetary space; ions; laboratory studies; methane; molecular structure; nitrogen; organic compounds; planets; porosity; porous materials; satellites; solid phase; spectra; spectroscopy; sputtering; temperature; terrestrial planets; traps; volatiles; water DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2000JE001362 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Long history of pre-Wisconsin, ice age cataclysmic floods; evidence from southeastern Washington State AN - 52145881; 2002-011013 AB - Cataclysmic Ice Age floods in the Pacific Northwest began as early as 1.5-2.5 Ma, on the basis of an evaluation of surface exposures and recent borehole studies within southeastern Washington. Field evidence suggests at least two episodes of pre-Wisconsin (i.e., >130 ka) glacial-outburst flooding. A Middle Pleistocene flood is identified by normal magnetic polarity, calcrete-capped deposits that yield maximum Th/U age dates from 200 to >400 ka. The deposits with reversed polarity are correlated to Early Pleistocene (>780 ka) floods. While exposures of pre-Wisconsin deposits are limited because of erosion and/or burial, the record of earlier Pleistocene flooding is preserved within giant flood bars. These bars show incremental growth, representing a composite from cataclysmic floods deposited intermittently through the Pleistocene. In one giant flood bar, up to 100 m thick, deposits interpreted as Matuyama age indicate that the bar had grown to half its present height by 780 ka. Furthermore, Matuyama-age, reversed-polarity flood deposits may be underlain by up to another 15 m of normally magnetized deposits at the base of the flood sequence. This normal-polarity interval appears to be associated with Early Pleistocene cataclysmic floods, perhaps of Olduvai age (>1.77 Ma). Many of the features associated with cataclysmic floods, such as coulees, giant bars, and streamlined loess hills, may have been established during the Early Pleistocene and were only slightly modified by up to hundreds of subsequent flood episodes. JF - Journal of Geology AU - Bjornstad, Bruce N AU - Fecht, Karl R AU - Pluhar, Christopher J Y1 - 2001/11// PY - 2001 DA - November 2001 SP - 695 EP - 713 PB - University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL VL - 109 IS - 6 SN - 0022-1376, 0022-1376 KW - United States KW - erosion KW - middle Pleistocene KW - glaciofluvial environment KW - clastic dikes KW - Th/U KW - upper Pleistocene KW - soft sediment deformation KW - Cenozoic KW - sedimentary rocks KW - Yakima County Washington KW - dates KW - jokulhlaups KW - glacial environment KW - sediments KW - Pasco Basin KW - absolute age KW - paleosols KW - Matuyama Chron KW - paleofloods KW - Benton County Washington KW - calcrete KW - sedimentary structures KW - lower Pleistocene KW - Washington KW - upper Cenozoic KW - Quaternary KW - clastic sediments KW - water erosion KW - paleomagnetism KW - Olduvai Subchron KW - southeastern Washington KW - boreholes KW - reversals KW - Pleistocene KW - Channeled Scabland KW - carbonate rocks KW - fluvial environment KW - field studies KW - catastrophes KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52145881?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geology&rft.atitle=Long+history+of+pre-Wisconsin%2C+ice+age+cataclysmic+floods%3B+evidence+from+southeastern+Washington+State&rft.au=Bjornstad%2C+Bruce+N%3BFecht%2C+Karl+R%3BPluhar%2C+Christopher+J&rft.aulast=Bjornstad&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rft.date=2001-11-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=695&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geology&rft.issn=00221376&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.jstor.org/journal/jgeology LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 48 N1 - PubXState - IL N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sect., 3 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - JGEOAZ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absolute age; Benton County Washington; boreholes; calcrete; carbonate rocks; catastrophes; Cenozoic; Channeled Scabland; clastic dikes; clastic sediments; dates; erosion; field studies; fluvial environment; glacial environment; glaciofluvial environment; jokulhlaups; lower Pleistocene; Matuyama Chron; middle Pleistocene; Olduvai Subchron; paleofloods; paleomagnetism; paleosols; Pasco Basin; Pleistocene; Quaternary; reversals; sedimentary rocks; sedimentary structures; sediments; soft sediment deformation; southeastern Washington; Th/U; United States; upper Cenozoic; upper Pleistocene; Washington; water erosion; Yakima County Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Solution structure of Pyrobaculum aerophilum DsrC, an archaeal homologue of the gamma subunit of dissimilatory sulfite reductase AN - 18696746; 5580855 AB - The solution structure of DsrC, an archaeal homologue of the gamma subunit of dissimilatory sulfite reductase, has been determined by NMR spectroscopy. This 12.7-kDa protein from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Pyrobaculum aerophilum adopts a novel fold consisting of an orthogonal helical bundle with a beta hairpin along one side. A portion of the structure resembles the helix-turn-helix DNA-binding motif common in transcriptional regulator proteins. The protein contains two disulfide bonds but remains folded following reduction of the disulfides. DsrC proteins from organisms other than Pyrobaculum species do not contain these disulfide bonds. A conserved cysteine next to the C-terminus, which is not involved in the disulfide bonds, is located on a seven-residue C-terminal arm that is not part of the globular protein and is likely to dynamically sample more than one conformation. JF - European Journal of Biochemistry AU - Cort, J R AU - Mariappan, SVS AU - Kim, C-Y AU - Park, M-S AU - Peat, T S AU - Waldo, G S AU - Terwilliger, T C AU - Kennedy, MA AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA, makennedy@pnl.gov Y1 - 2001/11// PY - 2001 DA - Nov 2001 SP - 5842 EP - 5850 VL - 268 IS - 22 SN - 0014-2956, 0014-2956 KW - DsrC protein KW - gamma subunit KW - dissimilatory sulfite reductase KW - homologs KW - hyperthermophilic archaea KW - solution structure KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - J 02728:Enzymes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18696746?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=European+Journal+of+Biochemistry&rft.atitle=Solution+structure+of+Pyrobaculum+aerophilum+DsrC%2C+an+archaeal+homologue+of+the+gamma+subunit+of+dissimilatory+sulfite+reductase&rft.au=Cort%2C+J+R%3BMariappan%2C+SVS%3BKim%2C+C-Y%3BPark%2C+M-S%3BPeat%2C+T+S%3BWaldo%2C+G+S%3BTerwilliger%2C+T+C%3BKennedy%2C+MA&rft.aulast=Cort&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-11-01&rft.volume=268&rft.issue=22&rft.spage=5842&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=European+Journal+of+Biochemistry&rft.issn=00142956&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Automated immunomagnetic separation and microarray detection of E. coli O157:H7 from poultry carcass rinse AN - 18375555; 5353884 AB - We describe the development and application of an electromagnetic flow cell and fluidics system for automated immunomagnetic separation (IMS) of Escherichia coli O157:H7 directly from poultry carcass rinse. We further describe the biochemical coupling of automated sample preparation with nucleic acid microarrays. Both the cell concentration system and microarray detection method did not require cell growth or enrichment from the poultry carcass rinse prior to IMS. Highly porous Ni foam was used to enhance the magnetic field gradient within the flow path, providing a mechanism for immobilizing immunomagnetic particles throughout the fluid rather than the tubing wall. A maximum of 32% recovery efficiency of non-pathogenic E. coli was achieved within the automated system with 6 s cell contact times using commercially available antibodies targeted against the O and K antigens. A 15-min protocol (from sample injection though elution) provided a cell recovery efficiency that was statistically similar to > 1 h batch captures. O157:H7 cells were reproducibly isolated directly from poultry carcass rinse with 39% recovery efficiency at 10 super(3) CFU ml super(-1) inoculum. Direct plating of washed beads showed positive recovery of O157:H7 directly from poultry carcass rinse at an inoculum of 10 CFU ml super(-1). Recovered beads were used for direct polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and microarray detection, with a process-level detection limit (automated cell concentration though microarray detection) of < 10 super(3) CFU ml super(-1) in poultry carcass rinse. JF - International Journal of Food Microbiology AU - Chandler, D P AU - Brown, J AU - Call AU - Wunschel, S AU - Grate, J W AU - Holman, DA AU - Olson, L AU - Stottlemyre AU - Bruckner-Lea, C J AD - Analytical Microbiology Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Mail Stop P7-50, 900 Battelle Blvd., P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA, dp.chandler@pnl.gov Y1 - 2001/10/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Oct 22 SP - 143 EP - 154 VL - 70 IS - 1-2 SN - 0168-1605, 0168-1605 KW - DNA microarrays KW - detection KW - immunomagnetic separation KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - A 01116:Bacteria UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18375555?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Food+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Automated+immunomagnetic+separation+and+microarray+detection+of+E.+coli+O157%3AH7+from+poultry+carcass+rinse&rft.au=Chandler%2C+D+P%3BBrown%2C+J%3BCall%3BWunschel%2C+S%3BGrate%2C+J+W%3BHolman%2C+DA%3BOlson%2C+L%3BStottlemyre%3BBruckner-Lea%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Chandler&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2001-10-22&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=143&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Food+Microbiology&rft.issn=01681605&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Selective sorption of cesium using self-assembled monolayers on mesoporous supports. AN - 72213839; 11642461 AB - The synthesis of a novel nanocomposite sorbent material, copper ferrocyanide immobilized within a mesoporous ceramic matrix, and its use as a novel cesium sorbent material is reported in this paper. Complete removal of cesium was achieved in the presence of competing metal ions for solutions containing 2 ppm cesium under a variety conditions. Loading capacity of more than 1.35 mmol Cs per g of sorbent material has been achieved. The exceptionally fast binding kinetics and high loading capacity, resulting from the rigidly open pore structure and extremely high surface area of the sorbent materials, make them potentially very useful for the removal of cesium from nuclear wastes and contaminated groundwater. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Lin, Y AU - Fryxell, G E AU - Wu, H AU - Engelhard, M AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA. Y1 - 2001/10/01/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Oct 01 SP - 3962 EP - 3966 VL - 35 IS - 19 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Coloring Agents KW - 0 KW - Ferrocyanides KW - Ions KW - Radioactive Waste KW - Soil Pollutants, Radioactive KW - Water Pollutants, Radioactive KW - Cesium KW - 1KSV9V4Y4I KW - cupric ferrocyanide KW - 871D97G82Z KW - Index Medicus KW - Ceramics KW - Kinetics KW - Ferrocyanides -- chemistry KW - Porosity KW - Adsorption KW - Coloring Agents -- chemistry KW - Environmental Pollution -- prevention & control KW - Cesium -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72213839?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Selective+sorption+of+cesium+using+self-assembled+monolayers+on+mesoporous+supports.&rft.au=Lin%2C+Y%3BFryxell%2C+G+E%3BWu%2C+H%3BEngelhard%2C+M&rft.aulast=Lin&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=19&rft.spage=3962&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-02-12 N1 - Date created - 2001-10-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Preliminary uncertainty analysis for the doses estimated using the Techa River dosimetry system--2000. AN - 71181297; 11569634 AB - The Mayak Production Association (MPA) was the first facility in the former Soviet Union for the production of plutonium. As a result of failures in the technological processes in the late 1940's and early 1950's, members of the public were exposed via discharge of about 10(17) Bq of liquid wastes into the Techa River (1949-1956). Residents of many villages downstream on the Techa River were exposed via a variety of pathways; the more significant included drinking of water from the river and external gamma exposure due to proximity to sediments and shoreline. The specific aim of this project is to enhance the reconstruction of external and internal radiation doses for individuals in the Extended Techa River Cohort. The purpose of this paper is to present the approaches being used to evaluate the uncertainty in the calculated individual doses and to provide example and representative results of the uncertainty analyses. The magnitude of the uncertainties varies depending on location and time of individual exposure, but the results from reference-individual calculations indicate that for external doses, the range of uncertainty is about a factor of four to five. For internal doses, the range of uncertainty depends on village of residence, which is actually a surrogate for source of drinking water. For villages with single sources of drinking water (river or well), the ratio of the 97.5th percentile-to 2.5th percentile estimates can be a factor of 20 to 30. For villages with mixed sources of drinking water (river and well), the ratio of the range can be over two orders of magnitude. JF - Health physics AU - Napier, B A AU - Shagina, N B AU - Degteva, M O AU - Tolstykh, E I AU - Vorobiova, M I AU - Anspaugh, L R AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352-0999, USA. Bruce.Napier@PNL.gov Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - October 2001 SP - 395 EP - 405 VL - 81 IS - 4 SN - 0017-9078, 0017-9078 KW - Water Pollutants, Radioactive KW - 0 KW - Plutonium KW - 53023GN24M KW - Index Medicus KW - Waste Disposal, Fluid KW - Fresh Water KW - Databases, Factual KW - Radiometry -- methods KW - Geography KW - USSR KW - Models, Theoretical KW - Radiation Monitoring -- methods KW - Water Pollutants, Radioactive -- analysis KW - Plutonium -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71181297?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+physics&rft.atitle=Preliminary+uncertainty+analysis+for+the+doses+estimated+using+the+Techa+River+dosimetry+system--2000.&rft.au=Napier%2C+B+A%3BShagina%2C+N+B%3BDegteva%2C+M+O%3BTolstykh%2C+E+I%3BVorobiova%2C+M+I%3BAnspaugh%2C+L+R&rft.aulast=Napier&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=395&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+physics&rft.issn=00179078&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-10-11 N1 - Date created - 2001-09-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coprecipitation of uranium(VI) with calcite; XAFS, micro-XAS, and luminescence characterization AN - 52160618; 2002-002139 AB - X-ray absorption and luminescence spectroscopies have been used to characterize the local structure and coordination of uranium(VI) species coprecipitated with calcite (CaCO (sub 3) ) from room-temperature aqueous solutions. Different solution chemistries and pHs are found to result in differences in the equatorial coordination of the uranyl species (UO (sub 2) (super 2+) ) incorporated in the calcite, with multiple coordination environments of uranyl evident in one sample. Differences in the equatorial coordination between the aqueous uranyl species and those found in the calcite indicate that coordination changes occur during incorporation of at least some species. This contrasts with previous findings showing no change in equatorial coordination during uranyl incorporation into aragonite, and may explain the greater incorporation in this latter phase. The absence of calcium backscatterers and well defined structure beyond the equatorial shell is consistent with disorder associated with disruption of the local calcite structure. This may indicate an inability of the uranyl unit to assume a stable structural environment in the host calcite, which could decrease the stability of uranyl-containing calcite. Calcite single crystals grown in uranyl-containing solutions exhibit polygonized spiral growth hillocks on (1014) surfaces composed of four vicinal surfaces, consistent with face symmetry. Micro-X-ray fluorescence reveals that uranium is differentially incorporated between nonequivalent vicinal surfaces, reflecting step-selective incorporation of uranyl species during growth. Micro-X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectra from the nonequivalent vicinal faces fail to reveal any differences in speciation between the vicinals or that might account for the presence of the multiple coordination environments identified by luminescence and X-ray absorption spectroscopies. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Reeder, Richard J AU - Nugent, Melissa AU - Tait, C Drew AU - Morris, David E AU - Heald, Steve M AU - Beck, Kenneth M AU - Hess, Wayne P AU - Lanzirotti, Anthony Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - October 2001 SP - 3491 EP - 3503 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 65 IS - 20 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - experimental studies KW - coordination KW - XAFS spectra KW - uranyl ion KW - crystal growth KW - aqueous solutions KW - X-ray spectra KW - calcite KW - XANES spectra KW - luminescence KW - laboratory studies KW - optical properties KW - single-crystal method KW - nucleation KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - X-ray fluorescence spectra KW - uranium KW - spectra KW - geochemistry KW - carbonates KW - actinides KW - pH KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52160618?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Coprecipitation+of+uranium%28VI%29+with+calcite%3B+XAFS%2C+micro-XAS%2C+and+luminescence+characterization&rft.au=Reeder%2C+Richard+J%3BNugent%2C+Melissa%3BTait%2C+C+Drew%3BMorris%2C+David+E%3BHeald%2C+Steve+M%3BBeck%2C+Kenneth+M%3BHess%2C+Wayne+P%3BLanzirotti%2C+Anthony&rft.aulast=Reeder&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=20&rft.spage=3491&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2801%2900647-0 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 54 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; aqueous solutions; calcite; carbonates; coordination; crystal growth; experimental studies; geochemistry; laboratory studies; luminescence; metals; nucleation; optical properties; pH; precipitation; single-crystal method; spectra; uranium; uranyl ion; X-ray fluorescence spectra; X-ray spectra; XAFS spectra; XANES spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(01)00647-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring and verifying changes of organic carbon in soil AN - 51709324; 2005-045230 JF - Climatic Change AU - Post, W M AU - Izaurralde, Roberto Cesar AU - Mann, L K AU - Bliss, N A2 - Rosenberg, Norman J. A2 - Izaurralde, Roberto Cesar Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - October 2001 SP - 73 EP - 99 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 51 IS - 1 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - United States KW - soils KW - monitoring KW - sequestration KW - agriculture KW - ecosystems KW - vegetation KW - measurement KW - geochemical cycle KW - environmental management KW - planning KW - conservation KW - regional KW - carbon KW - carbon cycle KW - organic carbon KW - land use KW - storage KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51709324?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=Monitoring+and+verifying+changes+of+organic+carbon+in+soil&rft.au=Post%2C+W+M%3BIzaurralde%2C+Roberto+Cesar%3BMann%2C+L+K%3BBliss%2C+N&rft.aulast=Post&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=73&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hc4pmh453vbxpeaygjkevi45)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100247,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 85 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CLCHDX N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agriculture; carbon; carbon cycle; conservation; ecosystems; environmental management; geochemical cycle; land use; measurement; monitoring; organic carbon; planning; regional; sequestration; soils; storage; United States; vegetation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Storing carbon in agricultural soils; a multi-purpose environmental strategy AN - 51707911; 2005-045227 JF - Climatic Change A2 - Rosenberg, Norman J. A2 - Izaurralde, Roberto Cesar Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - October 2001 SP - 1 EP - 117 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 51 IS - 1 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - soils KW - technology KW - sequestration KW - agriculture KW - techniques KW - global change KW - climate change KW - controls KW - conservation KW - carbon KW - storage KW - global warming KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51707911?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Storing+carbon+in+agricultural+soils%3B+a+multi-purpose+environmental+strategy&rft.title=Storing+carbon+in+agricultural+soils%3B+a+multi-purpose+environmental+strategy&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hc4pmh453vbxpeaygjkevi45)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100247,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Individual papers are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CLCHDX N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agriculture; carbon; climate change; conservation; controls; global change; global warming; sequestration; soils; storage; techniques; technology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potential of desertification control to sequester carbon and mitigate the greenhouse effect AN - 51707620; 2005-045229 JF - Climatic Change AU - Lal, R A2 - Rosenberg, Norman J. A2 - Izaurralde, Roberto Cesar Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - October 2001 SP - 35 EP - 72 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 51 IS - 1 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - soils KW - terrestrial environment KW - sequestration KW - human activity KW - arid environment KW - global KW - agriculture KW - ecosystems KW - desertification KW - environmental effects KW - bibliography KW - geochemical cycle KW - carbon dioxide KW - environmental management KW - controls KW - mitigation KW - conservation KW - carbon KW - greenhouse effect KW - carbon cycle KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51707620?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=Potential+of+desertification+control+to+sequester+carbon+and+mitigate+the+greenhouse+effect&rft.au=Lal%2C+R&rft.aulast=Lal&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=35&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hc4pmh453vbxpeaygjkevi45)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100247,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 196 N1 - Document feature - 8 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CLCHDX N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agriculture; arid environment; bibliography; carbon; carbon cycle; carbon dioxide; conservation; controls; desertification; ecosystems; environmental effects; environmental management; geochemical cycle; global; greenhouse effect; human activity; mitigation; sequestration; soils; terrestrial environment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Science needs and new technology for increasing soil carbon sequestration AN - 51707190; 2005-045228 JF - Climatic Change AU - Metting, F Blaine AU - Smith, Jeffrey L AU - Amthor, Jeffrey S AU - Izaurralde, Roberto Cesar A2 - Rosenberg, Norman J. A2 - Izaurralde, Roberto Cesar Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - October 2001 SP - 11 EP - 34 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 51 IS - 1 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - soils KW - technology KW - sequestration KW - human activity KW - global KW - techniques KW - ecosystems KW - climate change KW - environmental management KW - conservation KW - carbon KW - ecology KW - land use KW - energy KW - storage KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51707190?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=Science+needs+and+new+technology+for+increasing+soil+carbon+sequestration&rft.au=Metting%2C+F+Blaine%3BSmith%2C+Jeffrey+L%3BAmthor%2C+Jeffrey+S%3BIzaurralde%2C+Roberto+Cesar&rft.aulast=Metting&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=11&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hc4pmh453vbxpeaygjkevi45)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100247,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 59 N1 - Document feature - 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CLCHDX N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon; climate change; conservation; ecology; ecosystems; energy; environmental management; global; human activity; land use; sequestration; soils; storage; techniques; technology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soil carbon; policy and economics AN - 51706642; 2005-045231 JF - Climatic Change AU - Marland, Gregg AU - McCarl, Bruce A AU - Schneider, Uwe A2 - Rosenberg, Norman J. A2 - Izaurralde, Roberto Cesar Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - October 2001 SP - 101 EP - 117 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 51 IS - 1 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - soils KW - monitoring KW - sequestration KW - global KW - agriculture KW - cost KW - climate change KW - geochemical cycle KW - conservation KW - carbon cycle KW - land use KW - soil management KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51706642?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=Soil+carbon%3B+policy+and+economics&rft.au=Marland%2C+Gregg%3BMcCarl%2C+Bruce+A%3BSchneider%2C+Uwe&rft.aulast=Marland&rft.aufirst=Gregg&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=101&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hc4pmh453vbxpeaygjkevi45)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100247,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CLCHDX N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agriculture; carbon cycle; climate change; conservation; cost; geochemical cycle; global; land use; monitoring; sequestration; soil management; soils ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rapid Arsenite Oxidation by Thermus aquaticus and Thermus thermophilus: Field and Laboratory Investigations AN - 19927066; 5241124 AB - Thermus aquaticus and Thermus thermophilus, common inhabitants of terrestrial hot springs and thermally polluted domestic and industrial waters, have been found to rapidly oxidize arsenite to arsenate. Field investigations at a hot spring in Yellowstone National Park revealed conserved total arsenic transport and rapid arsenite oxidation occurring within the drainage channel. This environment was heavily colonized by Thermus aquaticus. In laboratory experiments, arsenite oxidation by cultures of Thermus aquaticus YT1 (previously isolated from Yellowstone National Park) and Thermus thermophilus HB8 was accelerated by a factor of over 100 relative to abiotic controls. Thermus aquaticus and Thermus thermophilus may therefore play a large and previously unrecognized role in determining arsenic speciation and bioavailability in thermal environments. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Gihring, T M AU - Druschel, G K AU - Mccleskey, R B AU - Hamers, R J AU - Banfield, J F AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, MS P7-50, Richland, WA 99352, USA, thomas.gihring@pnl.gov Y1 - 2001/10/01/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Oct 01 SP - 3857 EP - 3862 VL - 35 IS - 19 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Pollution Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Arsenic KW - Hot springs KW - Thermus aquaticus KW - Industrial waste waters KW - USA, Yellowstone Natl. Park KW - AQ 00007:Industrial Effluents KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - A 01016:Microbial degradation KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - J 02450:Ecology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19927066?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Rapid+Arsenite+Oxidation+by+Thermus+aquaticus+and+Thermus+thermophilus%3A+Field+and+Laboratory+Investigations&rft.au=Gihring%2C+T+M%3BDruschel%2C+G+K%3BMccleskey%2C+R+B%3BHamers%2C+R+J%3BBanfield%2C+J+F&rft.aulast=Gihring&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=19&rft.spage=3857&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-11 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hot springs; Industrial waste waters; Arsenic; Thermus aquaticus; USA, Yellowstone Natl. Park ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Direct Detection of 16S rRNA in Soil Extracts by Using Oligonucleotide Microarrays AN - 18340715; 5217940 AB - We report on the development and validation of a simple microarray method for the direct detection of intact 16S rRNA from unpurified soil extracts. Total RNAs from Geobacter chapellei and Desulfovibrio desulfuricans were hybridized to an oligonucleotide array consisting of universal and species-specific 16S rRNA probes. PCR-amplified products from Geobacter and Desulfovibrio were easily and specifically detected under a range of hybridization times, temperatures, and buffers. However, reproducible, specific hybridization and detection of intact rRNA could be accomplished only by using a chaperone-detector probe strategy. With this knowledge, assay conditions were developed for rRNA detection using a 2-h hybridization time at room temperature. Hybridization specificity and signal intensity were enhanced using fragmented RNA. Formamide was required in the hybridization buffer in order to achieve species-specific detection of intact rRNA. With the chaperone detection strategy, we were able to specifically hybridize and detect G. chapellei 16S rRNA directly from a total-RNA soil extract, without further purification or removal of soluble soil constituents. The detection sensitivity for G. chapellei 16S rRNA in soil extracts was at least 0.5 mu g of total RNA, representing approximately 7.5 x 10 Geobacter cell equivalents of RNA. These results suggest that it is now possible to apply microarray technology to the direct detection of microorganisms in environmental samples, without using PCR. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Small, J AU - Call AU - Brockman, F J AU - Straub, T M AU - Chandler, D P AD - Analytical Microbiology, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 900 Battelle Blvd., Mail Stop P7-50, Richland, WA 99352., dp.chandler@pnl.gov Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - Oct 2001 SP - 4708 EP - 4716 VL - 67 IS - 10 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - detection KW - DNA microarrays KW - oligonucleotides KW - rRNA 16S KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Temperature effects KW - Geobacter KW - Desulfovibrio desulfuricans KW - Methodology KW - Soil KW - rRNA KW - DNA fingerprinting KW - Buffers KW - Desulfovibrio KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Soil isolates KW - N 14610:Occurrence, isolation & assay KW - A 01113:General KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W2 32243:Molecular methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18340715?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Direct+Detection+of+16S+rRNA+in+Soil+Extracts+by+Using+Oligonucleotide+Microarrays&rft.au=Small%2C+J%3BCall%3BBrockman%2C+F+J%3BStraub%2C+T+M%3BChandler%2C+D+P&rft.aulast=Small&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=4708&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FAEM.67.10.4708-4716.2001 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Geobacter; Desulfovibrio; Desulfovibrio desulfuricans; DNA fingerprinting; Methodology; rRNA 16S; Soil isolates; rRNA; Soil; Polymerase chain reaction; Buffers; Temperature effects DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.67.10.4708-4716.2001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Storing Carbon in Agricultural Soils to Help Head-Off a Global Warming AN - 18181017; 5169946 JF - Climatic Change AU - Rosenberg, N J AU - Izaurralde, R C AD - Battelle/Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 901 D St., SW, Washington, D.C. 20024, U.S.A. Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - Oct 2001 SP - 1 EP - 10 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers VL - 51 IS - 1 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - Carbon storage KW - Ecology Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Soil KW - Agricultural ecosystems KW - Carbon in soil KW - Global warming KW - Carbon emissions from soil KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - D 04600:Soil KW - M2 551.510.3/.4:Physical Properties/Composition (551.510.3/.4) KW - M2 551.524:Air Temperature (551.524) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18181017?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=Storing+Carbon+in+Agricultural+Soils+to+Help+Head-Off+a+Global+Warming&rft.au=Rosenberg%2C+N+J%3BIzaurralde%2C+R+C&rft.aulast=Rosenberg&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Global warming; Soil; Agricultural ecosystems; Carbon in soil; Carbon emissions from soil ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Artificial aging of phenanthrene in porous silicas using supercritical carbon dioxide. AN - 72388000; 11783649 AB - Expedited artificial aging is described and demonstrated using a novel system that circulates a solution of supercritical carbon dioxide and a hydrophobic organic sorbate (phenanthrene) through a closed loop containing a porous substrate. Unlike traditional methods used to simulate the natural aging process, our approach allows for real-time monitoring of sorption equilibria, and the process is highly accelerated due to the unique physical properties of supercritcal carbon dioxide. The effectiveness of the system to simulate aging was demonstrated with a series of experiments in which three silicas with varying particle and pore sizes were loaded with phenanthrene. Batch aqueous desorption experiments were used to evaluate the extent of the aging process. For the two types of particles containing the largest pores (i.e., mean diameters of 202 and 66 A), 95% and 86%, respectively, of the phenanthrene was released to the aqueous fraction within 3 h. In contrast, only 16% of the phenanthrene was released from particles having a mean pore diameter of 21 A after 24 h. These results were confirmed by the results from an aqueous column desorption experiment. Confounding factors that might contribute to slow aqueous desorption such as the hydration state of the particles' surfaces, the chemical form of the loaded phenanthrene, and the organic carbon content were investigated and/or normalized for all three particle types. Consequently, we were able to attribute the slow desorption behavior and the presence of the resistant fraction in the 21 A silica to pore effects. With properly designed experiments, the results of this study suggest that the supercritical fluid system could be extended to the study of contaminant aging and bioavailability in natural soils and sediments. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Riley, R G AU - Thompson, C J AU - Huesemann, M H AU - Wang, Z AU - Peyton, B AU - Fortman, T AU - Truex, M J AU - Parker, K E AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA. robert.riley@pnl.gov Y1 - 2001/09/15/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Sep 15 SP - 3707 EP - 3712 VL - 35 IS - 18 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Phenanthrenes KW - 0 KW - Water KW - 059QF0KO0R KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - 142M471B3J KW - phenanthrene KW - 448J8E5BST KW - Silicon Dioxide KW - 7631-86-9 KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Particle Size KW - Water -- chemistry KW - Temperature KW - Adsorption KW - Models, Chemical KW - Time Factors KW - Carbon Dioxide -- chemistry KW - Phenanthrenes -- chemistry KW - Silicon Dioxide -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72388000?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Artificial+aging+of+phenanthrene+in+porous+silicas+using+supercritical+carbon+dioxide.&rft.au=Riley%2C+R+G%3BThompson%2C+C+J%3BHuesemann%2C+M+H%3BWang%2C+Z%3BPeyton%2C+B%3BFortman%2C+T%3BTruex%2C+M+J%3BParker%2C+K+E&rft.aulast=Riley&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-09-15&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=18&rft.spage=3707&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-01-23 N1 - Date created - 2002-01-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of intrawell testing of RCRA groundwater monitoring data when no upgradient well exists. AN - 72177013; 11589498 AB - A statistical quality control approach to detect changes in groundwater quality from a regulated waste unit is described. The approach applies the combined Shewhart-CUSUM control chart methodology for intrawell comparison of analyte concentrations over time and does not require an upgradient well. A case study from the U.S. Department of Energy's Hanford Site is used for illustration purposes. This method is broadly applicable in groundwater monitoring programs where there is no clearly defined upgradient location, the groundwater flow rate is exceptionally slow, or where a high degree of spatial variability exists in parameter concentrations. This study also indicates that the use of the Data Quality Objectives (DQO) process can assist in designing an efficient and cost-effective groundwater monitoring plan to achieve the optimum goal of both low false positive and low false negative rates (high power). JF - Environmental monitoring and assessment AU - Chou, C J AU - O'Brien, R F AU - Barnett, D B AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA. Y1 - 2001/09// PY - 2001 DA - September 2001 SP - 91 EP - 106 VL - 71 IS - 1 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - Water Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Water Pollution -- analysis KW - United States KW - Water Pollutants -- analysis KW - Sampling Studies KW - Monte Carlo Method KW - Models, Biological KW - Fresh Water -- chemistry KW - Conservation of Natural Resources -- statistics & numerical data KW - Environmental Monitoring -- statistics & numerical data KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency -- statistics & numerical data UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72177013?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+monitoring+and+assessment&rft.atitle=Application+of+intrawell+testing+of+RCRA+groundwater+monitoring+data+when+no+upgradient+well+exists.&rft.au=Chou%2C+C+J%3BO%27Brien%2C+R+F%3BBarnett%2C+D+B&rft.aulast=Chou&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2001-09-01&rft.volume=71&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=91&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+monitoring+and+assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-04-03 N1 - Date created - 2001-10-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Distribution and retention of 137Cs in sediments at the Hanford Site, Washington. AN - 71178177; 11563643 AB - 137Cesium and other contaminants have leaked from single-shell storage tanks (SSTs) into coarse-textured, relatively unweathered unconsolidated sediments. Contaminated sediments were retrieved from beneath a leaky SST to investigate the distribution of adsorbed 137Cs+ across different sediment size fractions. All fractions contained mica (biotite, muscovite, vermiculatized biotite), quartz, and plagioclase along with smectite and kaolinite in the clay-size fraction. A phosphor-plate autoradiograph method was used to identify particular sediment particles responsible for retaining 137Cs+. The Cs-bearing particles were found to be individual mica flakes or agglomerated smectite, mica, quartz, and plagioclase. Of these, only the micaceous component was capable of sorbing Cs+ strongly. Sorbed 137Cs+ could not be significantly removed from sediments by leaching with dithionite citrate buffer or KOH, but a fraction of the sorbed 137Cs+ (5-22%) was desorbable with solutions containing an excess of Rb+. The small amount of 137Cs+ that might be mobilized by migrating fluids in the future would likely sorb to nearby micaceous clasts in downgradient sediments. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - McKinley, J P AU - Zeissler, C J AU - Zachara, J M AU - Serne, R J AU - Lindstrom, R M AU - Schaef, H T AU - Orr, R D AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA. james.mckinley@pnl.gov Y1 - 2001/09/01/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Sep 01 SP - 3433 EP - 3441 VL - 35 IS - 17 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Aluminum Silicates KW - 0 KW - Cesium Radioisotopes KW - Gastrointestinal Agents KW - Hazardous Waste KW - Silicates KW - Soil KW - Soil Pollutants, Radioactive KW - clay KW - 1302-87-0 KW - Kaolin KW - 24H4NWX5CO KW - Smectite KW - A3N5ZCN45C KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Cesium Radioisotopes -- analysis KW - Washington KW - Adsorption KW - Kaolin -- chemistry KW - Gastrointestinal Agents -- chemistry KW - Geologic Sediments KW - Soil Pollutants, Radioactive -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71178177?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Distribution+and+retention+of+137Cs+in+sediments+at+the+Hanford+Site%2C+Washington.&rft.au=McKinley%2C+J+P%3BZeissler%2C+C+J%3BZachara%2C+J+M%3BSerne%2C+R+J%3BLindstrom%2C+R+M%3BSchaef%2C+H+T%3BOrr%2C+R+D&rft.aulast=McKinley&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-09-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=17&rft.spage=3433&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-01-23 N1 - Date created - 2001-09-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Groundwater and vadose zone monitoring AN - 52099018; 2002-048777 JF - Hanford site environmental report for calendar year 2000; including some historical and early 2001 information AU - Horton, D G AU - Newcomer, D R A2 - Poston, T. M. A2 - Hanf, R. W. A2 - Dirkes, R. L. A2 - Morasch, L. F. Y1 - 2001/09// PY - 2001 DA - September 2001 VL - PNNL-13487 KW - water use KW - United States KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - water quality KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - environmental analysis KW - drinking water KW - remediation KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - liquid waste KW - Columbia River basin KW - springs KW - waste disposal KW - aquatic environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52099018?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Horton%2C+D+G%3BNewcomer%2C+D+R&rft.aulast=Horton&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2001-09-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Groundwater+and+vadose+zone+monitoring&rft.title=Groundwater+and+vadose+zone+monitoring&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Availability - U. S. Geological Survey, Library, Reston, VA, United States N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Quality assurance AN - 52098174; 2002-048779 JF - Hanford site environmental report for calendar year 2000; including some historical and early 2001 information AU - Gillespie, B M AU - Diediker, L P AU - Dyekman, D L A2 - Poston, T. M. A2 - Hanf, R. W. A2 - Dirkes, R. L. A2 - Morasch, L. F. Y1 - 2001/09// PY - 2001 DA - September 2001 VL - PNNL-13487 KW - United States KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - water quality KW - experimental studies KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - data acquisition KW - effluents KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - environmental management KW - laboratory studies KW - errors KW - detection KW - quality control KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52098174?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Gillespie%2C+B+M%3BDiediker%2C+L+P%3BDyekman%2C+D+L&rft.aulast=Gillespie&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2001-09-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Quality+assurance&rft.title=Quality+assurance&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - Availability - U. S. Geological Survey, Library, Reston, VA, United States N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 12 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Hanford site environmental report for calendar year 2000; including some historical and early 2001 information AN - 52096532; 2002-048772 JF - Hanford site environmental report for calendar year 2000; including some historical and early 2001 information AU - Williams, B A A2 - Poston, T. M. A2 - Hanf, R. W. A2 - Dirkes, R. L. A2 - Morasch, L. F. Y1 - 2001/09// PY - 2001 DA - September 2001 VL - PNNL-13487 KW - United States KW - protection KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - water quality KW - Resource Conservation and Recovery Act KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - regulations KW - effluents KW - pollution KW - observation wells KW - Hanford Site KW - compliance KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - detection KW - retention KW - nuclear facilities KW - water wells KW - water resources KW - low-level waste KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52096532?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Williams%2C+B+A&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2001-09-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Hanford+site+environmental+report+for+calendar+year+2000%3B+including+some+historical+and+early+2001+information&rft.title=Hanford+site+environmental+report+for+calendar+year+2000%3B+including+some+historical+and+early+2001+information&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Availability - U. S. Geological Survey, Library, Reston, VA, United States N1 - Document feature - 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Facility-related monitoring; near-facility environmental monitoring AN - 52094424; 2002-048775 JF - Hanford site environmental report for calendar year 2000; including some historical and early 2001 information AU - Perkins, C J AU - Markes, B M AU - McKinney, S M AU - Mitchell, R M AU - Roos, R C A2 - Poston, T. M. A2 - Hanf, R. W. A2 - Dirkes, R. L. A2 - Morasch, L. F. Y1 - 2001/09// PY - 2001 DA - September 2001 VL - PNNL-13487 KW - United States KW - hazardous waste KW - dosimetry KW - water quality KW - isotopes KW - underground storage tanks KW - vegetation KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - radioactive waste KW - environmental management KW - radioactive isotopes KW - springs KW - soils KW - concentration KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - effluents KW - background level KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - habitat KW - detection KW - nuclear facilities KW - air KW - waste disposal KW - underground disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52094424?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Perkins%2C+C+J%3BMarkes%2C+B+M%3BMcKinney%2C+S+M%3BMitchell%2C+R+M%3BRoos%2C+R+C&rft.aulast=Perkins&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2001-09-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Facility-related+monitoring%3B+near-facility+environmental+monitoring&rft.title=Facility-related+monitoring%3B+near-facility+environmental+monitoring&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - Availability - U. S. Geological Survey, Library, Reston, VA, United States N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 19 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Hanford Site environmental surveillance data report for calendar year 2000 AN - 51948937; 2003-065066 JF - Hanford Site environmental surveillance data report for calendar year 2000 AU - Bisping, L E Y1 - 2001/09// PY - 2001 DA - September 2001 KW - United States KW - soils KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - radioactivity KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - Grant County Washington KW - Franklin County Washington KW - vegetation KW - environmental analysis KW - drinking water KW - biota KW - radioactive waste KW - metals KW - sediments KW - air KW - Benton County Washington KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51948937?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Towards+an+integration+of+physical+and+microbiological+properties&rft.au=Brockman%2C+Fred+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Brockman&rft.aufirst=Fred&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=379&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Availability - U. S. Geological Survey, Library, Reston, VA, United States N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A method for estimating 2D wrinkle ridge strain from application of fault displacement scaling to the Yakima folds, Washington AN - 50154320; 2003-005969 AB - The Yakima folds on the central Columbia Plateau are a succession of thrusted anticlines thought to be analogs of planetary wrinkle ridges. They provide a unique opportunity to understand wrinkle ridge structure. Field data and length-displacement scaling are used to demonstrate a method for estimating two-dimensional horizontal contractional strain at wrinkle ridges. Strain is given as a function of ridge length, and depends on other parameters that can be inferred from the Yakima folds and fault population displacement studies. Because ridge length can be readily obtained from orbital imagery, the method can be applied to any wrinkle ridge population, and helps constrain quantitative tectonic models on other planets. Copyright 2001 by the American Geophysical Union. JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Mege, Daniel AU - Reidel, Stephen P Y1 - 2001/09// PY - 2001 DA - September 2001 SP - 3545 EP - 3548 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 28 IS - 18 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - United States KW - scale factor KW - strain KW - wrinkle ridges KW - displacements KW - two-dimensional models KW - crustal shortening KW - quantitative analysis KW - folds KW - compression tectonics KW - Columbia Plateau KW - Yakima fold belt KW - tectonics KW - faults KW - horizontal orientation KW - 16:Structural geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50154320?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=A+method+for+estimating+2D+wrinkle+ridge+strain+from+application+of+fault+displacement+scaling+to+the+Yakima+folds%2C+Washington&rft.au=Mege%2C+Daniel%3BReidel%2C+Stephen+P&rft.aulast=Mege&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2001-09-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=18&rft.spage=3545&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2001GL012934 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/gl/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 26 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GPRLAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Columbia Plateau; compression tectonics; crustal shortening; displacements; faults; folds; horizontal orientation; quantitative analysis; scale factor; strain; tectonics; two-dimensional models; United States; wrinkle ridges; Yakima fold belt DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2001GL012934 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dissimilatory bacterial reduction of Al-substituted goethite in subsurface sediments AN - 18189789; 5218878 AB - The microbiologic reduction of a 0.2 to 2.0 mu m size fraction of an Atlantic coastal plain sediment (Eatontown) was investigated using a dissimilatory Fe(III)-reducing bacterium (Shewanella putrefaciens, strain CN32) to evaluate mineralogic controls on the rate and extent of Fe(III) reduction and the resulting distribution of biogenic Fe(II). Moessbauer spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to show that the sedimentary Fe(III) oxide was Al-substituted goethite (13-17% Al) that existed as 1- to 5- mu m aggregates of indistinct morphology. Bioreduction experiments were performed in two buffers [HCO super(-) sub(3); 1,4-piperazinediethansulfonic acid (PIPES)] both without and with 2,6-anthraquinone disulfonate (AQDS) as an electron shuttle. The production of biogenic Fe(II) and the distribution of Al (aqueous and sorbed) were followed over time, as was the formation of Fe(II) biominerals and physical/chemical changes to the goethite. The extent of reduction was comparable in both buffers. The reducibility (rate and extent) was enhanced by AQDS; 9% of dithionite-citrate-bicarbonate (DCB) extractable Fe(III) was reduced without AQDS whereas 15% was reduced in the presence of AQDS. XRD and Moessbauer spectroscopy were used to monitor the disposition of biogenic Fe(II) and changes to the Al-goethite. Fe(II) biomineralization was not evident by XRD. Biomineralization was observed by Moessbauer when sorbed Fe(II) concentrations exceeded a threshold value. The biomineralization products displayed Moessbauer spectra consistent with siderite FeCO sub(3) (HCO super(-) sub(3) buffer only) and green rust [Fe super(I) sub(() super(I) sub(6-x))Fe super(I) sub(x) super(II)(OH) sub(12)] super(x+)[(A super(2-)) sub(x/2) times yH sub(2)O] super(x-). Adsorption of biogenic Fe(II) to accessory mineral phases (e.g., kaolinite) and bacterial surfaces appeared to limit biomineralization. Al evolved during reduction was sorbed, and extractable Al increased with reduction. XRD analysis indicated that neither crystallite size or the Al content of the goethite was affected by bacterial reduction, i.e., Al release was congruent with Fe(II). JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Kukkadapu, R K AU - Zachara, J M AU - Smith, S C AU - Fredrickson, J K AU - Liu, C AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA, ravi.kukkadapu@pnl.gov Y1 - 2001/09// PY - 2001 DA - September 2001 SP - 2913 EP - 2924 VL - 65 IS - 17 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Marine KW - Experimental Data KW - Sediment chemistry KW - Bacteria KW - Biodegradation KW - Coastal Plains KW - Biogeochemistry KW - Aluminium compounds KW - Brackish KW - Freshwater KW - Mineralization KW - Goethite KW - Microbiological Studies KW - Sediments KW - USA KW - Chemical Reduction KW - Iron Bacteria KW - Aluminum KW - Minerals KW - Iron KW - SW 0880:Chemical processes KW - O 3050:Sediment Dynamics KW - Q2 09187:Geochemistry of sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18189789?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Dissimilatory+bacterial+reduction+of+Al-substituted+goethite+in+subsurface+sediments&rft.au=Kukkadapu%2C+R+K%3BZachara%2C+J+M%3BSmith%2C+S+C%3BFredrickson%2C+J+K%3BLiu%2C+C&rft.aulast=Kukkadapu&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-09-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=17&rft.spage=2913&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bacteria; Sediment chemistry; Biodegradation; Aluminium compounds; Mineralization; Iron; Goethite; Experimental Data; Coastal Plains; Chemical Reduction; Biogeochemistry; Aluminum; Iron Bacteria; Minerals; Sediments; Microbiological Studies; USA; Marine; Brackish; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of environmental effects on fatigue life of piping AN - 18122149; 5224083 AB - Recent data indicate that the effects of light water reactor environments can significantly reduce the fatigue resistance of materials, and show that design fatigue curves may not be conservative for reactor coolant environments. Using revised fatigue curves developed by Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), the work of this paper calculates the expected probabilities of fatigue failures and associated core damage frequencies at a 40-year and 60-year plant life for a sample of components from five PWR and two BWR plants. These calculations were made possible by the development of an enhanced version of the pc-PRAISE probabilistic fracture mechanics code that has the ability to simulate the initiation of fatigue cracks followed by the linking of these cracks. Results of interim calculations subject to review are presented. Components with the highest probabilities of failure can have predicted frequencies of through-wall cracks in the order of about 5 x 10 super(-2) per year. The corresponding maximum contributions to core damage frequencies are in the order of 10 super(-6) per year. Components with the very high failure rates show essentially no increase in calculated core damage frequency from 40 to 60 years. JF - Nuclear Engineering and Design AU - Simonen, F A AU - Khaleel, MA AU - Phan, H K AU - Harris, DO AU - Dedhia, D D AU - Kalinousky, D N AU - Shaukat, S K AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Computational Mechanics and Materials, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA, fredric.simonen@pnl.gov Y1 - 2001/09// PY - 2001 DA - Sep 2001 SP - 143 EP - 165 VL - 208 IS - 2 SN - 0029-5493, 0029-5493 KW - boiling water reactors KW - fatigue KW - light water reactors KW - pressurized water reactors KW - service life KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Nuclear power plants KW - Life cycle analysis KW - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18122149?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nuclear+Engineering+and+Design&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+environmental+effects+on+fatigue+life+of+piping&rft.au=Simonen%2C+F+A%3BKhaleel%2C+MA%3BPhan%2C+H+K%3BHarris%2C+DO%3BDedhia%2C+D+D%3BKalinousky%2C+D+N%3BShaukat%2C+S+K&rft.aulast=Simonen&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=2001-09-01&rft.volume=208&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=143&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nuclear+Engineering+and+Design&rft.issn=00295493&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Nuclear power plants; Life cycle analysis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Injectable gels for tissue engineering. AN - 71084556; 11500810 AB - Recently, tissue engineering approaches using injectable, in situ gel forming systems have been reported. In this review, the gelation processes and several injectable systems that exhibit in situ gel formation at physiological conditions are discussed. Applications of selected injectable systems (alginate, chitosan, hyaluronan, polyethylene oxide/polypropylene oxide) in tissue engineering are also described. Injectable polymer formulation can gel in vivo in response to temperature change (thermal gelation), pH change, ionic cross-linking, or solvent exchange. Kinetics of gelation is directly affected by its mechanism. Injectable formulations offer specific advantages over preformed scaffolds such as: possibility of a minimally invasive implantation, an ability to fill a desired shape, and easy incorporation of various therapeutic agents. Several factors need to be considered before an injectable gel can be selected as a candidate for tissue engineering applications. Apart from tissue-specific cell-matrix interactions, the following gel properties need to be considered: gelation kinetics, matrix resorption rate, possible toxicity of degradation products and their elimination routes, and finally possible interference of the gel matrix with histogenesis. JF - The Anatomical record AU - Gutowska, A AU - Jeong, B AU - Jasionowski, M AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA. anna..gustowska@pnl.gov Y1 - 2001/08/01/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Aug 01 SP - 342 EP - 349 VL - 263 IS - 4 SN - 0003-276X, 0003-276X KW - Alginates KW - 0 KW - Biocompatible Materials KW - Gels KW - Hexuronic Acids KW - Polymers KW - Propylene Glycols KW - Chitin KW - 1398-61-4 KW - polypropylene glycol KW - 25322-69-4 KW - Polyethylene Glycols KW - 30IQX730WE KW - Glucuronic Acid KW - 8A5D83Q4RW KW - alginic acid KW - 8C3Z4148WZ KW - Hyaluronic Acid KW - 9004-61-9 KW - Chitosan KW - 9012-76-4 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Polymers -- administration & dosage KW - Humans KW - Alginates -- administration & dosage KW - Polyethylene Glycols -- administration & dosage KW - Propylene Glycols -- administration & dosage KW - Chitin -- administration & dosage KW - Chitin -- analogs & derivatives KW - Bioartificial Organs KW - Hyaluronic Acid -- administration & dosage KW - Injections KW - Biocompatible Materials -- administration & dosage KW - Gels -- administration & dosage KW - Biomedical Engineering -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71084556?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Anatomical+record&rft.atitle=Injectable+gels+for+tissue+engineering.&rft.au=Gutowska%2C+A%3BJeong%2C+B%3BJasionowski%2C+M&rft.aulast=Gutowska&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=263&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=342&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Anatomical+record&rft.issn=0003276X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-09-27 N1 - Date created - 2001-08-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Step edges on galena (100); probing the basis for defect driven surface reactivity at the atomic scale AN - 52207070; 2001-057094 AB - Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) images of the PbS (100) surface with a step and several kinks were obtained with atomic resolution. These images show an increased tunneling current at step edge sites and an apparent deformation of the lattice near the step. The experimental images are compared with theoretical ab initio calculations for which we developed a hybrid method of constant current and constant height mode STM image simulation. With these calculations, we find that the apparent deformation is mainly an electronic effect rather than relaxation of atoms. In addition, with the help of these calculations, we can identify the changes of individual terrace-like and step-like orbitals that are observed using the STM in terms of the energy, density and shape of these states. This detailed knowledge of the electronic behavior of the PbS surface near a step can be used as a basis for explaining adsorption, acid/base, and redox behavior on PbS terraces and at steps, and the differences between the two. JF - American Mineralogist AU - Becker, Udo AU - Rosso, Kevin M Y1 - 2001/08// PY - 2001 DA - August 2001 SP - 862 EP - 870 PB - Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC VL - 86 IS - 7-8 SN - 0003-004X, 0003-004X KW - scanning tunneling microscopy data KW - imagery KW - galena KW - surface defects KW - crystal structure KW - sulfides KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52207070?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=Step+edges+on+galena+%28100%29%3B+probing+the+basis+for+defect+driven+surface+reactivity+at+the+atomic+scale&rft.au=Becker%2C+Udo%3BRosso%2C+Kevin+M&rft.aulast=Becker&rft.aufirst=Udo&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=7-8&rft.spage=862&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Mineralogist&rft.issn=0003004X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ammin.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 55 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AMMIAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - crystal structure; galena; imagery; scanning tunneling microscopy data; sulfides; surface defects ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The proximity effect on semiconducting mineral surfaces; a new aspect of mineral surface reactivity and surface complexation theory? AN - 52200726; 2001-063684 AB - The observation and description of surface proximity effects, whereby the chemical reaction of one surface site influences the electronic structure and reactivity of neighboring or nearby sites, is presented in this study for the semiconducting minerals galena (PbS) and pyrite (FeS (sub 2) ). The methods used to study this effect include ab initio molecular orbital calculations and scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy. The surface proximity effect can be manifested in different ways, although the principle is the same. For example, we predict that electron transfer in redox reactions on galena surfaces can involve separated sites with specific and special locations. Another example is seen for pyrite where the oxidation of one site on a terrace influences next-nearest neighbor sites, making them far more susceptible to oxidative attack relative to sites further away. The range of potential applications of the surface proximity effect model is also outlined for a number of environmentally and industrially important examples. These findings, in combination with surface complexation theory, an important model for attachment/detachment reactions at mineral-water interfaces, may eventually lead to an extended model that will include the specific influence of semiconductor-type proximity effects. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Becker, Udo AU - Rosso, Kevin M AU - Hochella, Michael F, Jr Y1 - 2001/08// PY - 2001 DA - August 2001 SP - 2641 EP - 2649 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 65 IS - 16 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - experimental studies KW - complexing KW - mineral-water interface KW - crystal structure KW - bonding KW - laboratory studies KW - galena KW - chemical reactions KW - semiconductors KW - pyrite KW - crystal chemistry KW - sulfides KW - geochemistry KW - electrons KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52200726?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=The+proximity+effect+on+semiconducting+mineral+surfaces%3B+a+new+aspect+of+mineral+surface+reactivity+and+surface+complexation+theory%3F&rft.au=Becker%2C+Udo%3BRosso%2C+Kevin+M%3BHochella%2C+Michael+F%2C+Jr&rft.aulast=Becker&rft.aufirst=Udo&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=16&rft.spage=2641&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2801%2900624-X L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 66 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bonding; chemical reactions; complexing; crystal chemistry; crystal structure; electrons; experimental studies; galena; geochemistry; laboratory studies; mineral-water interface; pyrite; semiconductors; sulfides DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(01)00624-X ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Theoretical estimation of free and entrapped nonwetting-wetting fluid interfacial areas in porous media AN - 52072725; 2002-063861 JF - Advances in Water Resources AU - Oostrom, M AU - White, M D AU - Brusseau, M L Y1 - 2001/08// PY - 2001 DA - August 2001 SP - 887 EP - 898 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 24 IS - 8 SN - 0309-1708, 0309-1708 KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - models KW - theoretical studies KW - sensitivity analysis KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - Cary, John W. KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52072725?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.atitle=Theoretical+estimation+of+free+and+entrapped+nonwetting-wetting+fluid+interfacial+areas+in+porous+media&rft.au=Oostrom%2C+M%3BWhite%2C+M+D%3BBrusseau%2C+M+L&rft.aulast=Oostrom&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=887&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.issn=03091708&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03091708 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cary, John W.; models; nonaqueous phase liquids; pollutants; pollution; porous materials; sensitivity analysis; theoretical studies ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Asian dust events of April 1998 AN - 50152812; 2002-032381 AB - On April 15 and 19, 1998, two intense dust storms were generated over the Gobi desert by springtime low-pressure systems descending from the northwest. The windblown dust was detected and its evolution followed by its yellow color on SeaWiFS satellite images, routine surface-based monitoring, and through serendipitous observations. The April 15 dust cloud was recirculating, and it was removed by a precipitating weather system over east Asia. The April 19 dust cloud crossed the Pacific Ocean in 5 days, subsided to the surface along the mountain ranges between British Columbia and California, and impacted severely the optical and the concentration environments of the region. In east Asia the dust clouds increased the albedo over the cloudless ocean and land by up to 10-20%, but it reduced the near-UV cloud reflectance, causing a yellow coloration of all surfaces. The yellow colored backscattering by the dust eludes a plausible explanation using simple Mie theory with constant refractive index. Over the West Coast the dust layer has increased the spectrally uniform optical depth to about 0.4, reduced the direct solar radiation by 30-40%, doubled the diffuse radiation, and caused a whitish discoloration of the blue sky. On April 29 the average excess surface-level dust aerosol concentration over the valleys of the West Coast was about 20-50 mu g/m (super 3) with local peaks >100 mu g/m (super 3) . The dust mass mean diameter was 2-3 mu m, and the dust chemical fingerprints were evident throughout the West Coast and extended to Minnesota. The April 1998 dust event has impacted the surface aerosol concentration 2-4 times more than any other dust event since 1988. The dust events were observed and interpreted by an ad hoc international web-based virtual community. It would be useful to set up a community-supported web-based infrastructure to monitor the global aerosol pattern for such extreme aerosol events, to alert and to inform the interested communities, and to facilitate collaborative analysis for improved air quality and disaster management. Copyright 2001 by the American Geophysical Union. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Husar, R B AU - Tratt, David M AU - Schichtel, B A AU - Falke, S R AU - Li, F AU - Jaffe, D AU - Gasso, S AU - Gill, T AU - Laulainen, N S AU - Lu, F AU - Reheis, M C AU - Chun, Y AU - Westphal, Douglas L AU - Holben, B N AU - Gueymard, C AU - McKendry, I AU - Kuring, N AU - Feldman, G C AU - McClain, C AU - Frouin, R J AU - Merrill, J AU - DuBois, D AU - Vignola, F AU - Murayama, T AU - Nickovic, Slobodan AU - Wilson, W E AU - Sassen, K AU - Sugimoto, N AU - Malm, W C AU - Sokolik, I N AU - Winker, D M AU - Bergametti, G AU - Gillette, Dale A AU - Carmichael, Gregory R AU - Kaufman, Yoram J AU - Gomes, Laurent AU - Schuetz, L AU - Penner, J E Y1 - 2001/08// PY - 2001 DA - August 2001 SP - 18 EP - 18,330 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 106 IS - D16 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - dust storms KW - clouds KW - concentration KW - TOMS KW - sediment transport KW - clastic sediments KW - global KW - SeaWiFS KW - British Columbia KW - atmosphere KW - Gobi Desert KW - satellite methods KW - environmental analysis KW - atmospheric circulation KW - Canada KW - dust KW - sediments KW - Western Canada KW - wind transport KW - Asia KW - climate KW - remote sensing KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50152812?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Asian+dust+events+of+April+1998&rft.au=Husar%2C+R+B%3BTratt%2C+David+M%3BSchichtel%2C+B+A%3BFalke%2C+S+R%3BLi%2C+F%3BJaffe%2C+D%3BGasso%2C+S%3BGill%2C+T%3BLaulainen%2C+N+S%3BLu%2C+F%3BReheis%2C+M+C%3BChun%2C+Y%3BWestphal%2C+Douglas+L%3BHolben%2C+B+N%3BGueymard%2C+C%3BMcKendry%2C+I%3BKuring%2C+N%3BFeldman%2C+G+C%3BMcClain%2C+C%3BFrouin%2C+R+J%3BMerrill%2C+J%3BDuBois%2C+D%3BVignola%2C+F%3BMurayama%2C+T%3BNickovic%2C+Slobodan%3BWilson%2C+W+E%3BSassen%2C+K%3BSugimoto%2C+N%3BMalm%2C+W+C%3BSokolik%2C+I+N%3BWinker%2C+D+M%3BBergametti%2C+G%3BGillette%2C+Dale+A%3BCarmichael%2C+Gregory+R%3BKaufman%2C+Yoram+J%3BGomes%2C+Laurent%3BSchuetz%2C+L%3BPenner%2C+J+E&rft.aulast=Husar&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=D16&rft.spage=18&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2000JD900788 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 56 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 plates, geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; atmosphere; atmospheric circulation; British Columbia; Canada; clastic sediments; climate; clouds; concentration; dust; dust storms; environmental analysis; global; Gobi Desert; remote sensing; satellite methods; SeaWiFS; sediment transport; sediments; TOMS; Western Canada; wind transport DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2000JD900788 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simulated annealing with memory and directional search for ground water remediation design AN - 18184017; 5207480 AB - Review of recent literature indicates an emergence in the use of combinatorial methods such as simulated annealing in ground water management during the past nine to ten years. While previous studies demonstrated the feasibility of using these methods, a general finding was that computational processing requirements were inordinately high relative to gradient-based methods. An enhanced annealing algorithm was developed and used to demonstrate the potential for greatly improving the computational efficiency of simulated annealing as an optimization method for ground water management applications. The algorithm incorporates "directional search" and "memory" capabilities. Selecting search directions based on better understanding of the current neighborhood of the configuration space was shown to improve algorithm performance. Also, "memory" concepts derived from the Tabu Search Method show particular promise for improving the rate and quality of convergence. Performance of the enhanced annealing method was evaluated and the resultant management method was demonstrated using an example from the literature. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Skaggs, R L AU - Mays, L W AU - Vail, L W AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd., P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, USA, richard.skaggs@pnl.gov Y1 - 2001/08// PY - 2001 DA - Aug 2001 SP - 853 EP - 866 VL - 37 IS - 4 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Algorithms KW - Water resources KW - Simulation KW - Algorithm KW - Water use KW - Mathematical Studies KW - Water management KW - Remediation KW - Groundwater (see also Aquifers) KW - Data Processing KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Literature Review KW - Groundwater Management KW - Optimization KW - Pollution control KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 2040:Groundwater management KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - SW 4010:Techniques of planning UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18184017?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Simulated+annealing+with+memory+and+directional+search+for+ground+water+remediation+design&rft.au=Skaggs%2C+R+L%3BMays%2C+L+W%3BVail%2C+L+W&rft.aulast=Skaggs&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=853&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Water management; Algorithms; Groundwater pollution; Simulation; Pollution control; Water use; Remediation; Groundwater (see also Aquifers); Water resources; Algorithm; Mathematical Studies; Data Processing; Literature Review; Groundwater Management; Optimization ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of enhanced annealing to ground water remediation design AN - 16130377; 5207481 AB - A methodology for ground water remediation design has been developed that interfaces ground water simulation models with an enhanced annealing optimizer. The ground water flow and transport simulators provide the ability to consider site-specific contamination and geohydrologic conditions directly in the assessment of alternative remediation system designs. The optimizer facilitates analysis of tradeoffs between technical, environmental, regulatory, and financial risks for alternative design and operation scenarios. A ground water management model using an optimization method referred to as "enhanced annealing" (simulated annealing enhanced to include "directional search" and "memory" mechanisms) has been developed and successfully applied to an actual restoration problem. The demonstration site is the contaminated unconfined aquifer referred to as N-Springs located at Hanford, Washington. Results of the demonstration show the potential for improving groundwater restoration system performance while reducing overall system cost. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Skaggs, R L AU - Mays, L W AU - Vail, L W AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd., P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, USA, richard.skaggs@pnl.gov Y1 - 2001/08// PY - 2001 DA - Aug 2001 SP - 867 EP - 875 VL - 37 IS - 4 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - USA, Washington, Hanford KW - Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Aquifers KW - Low cost) KW - Bioremediation KW - Environmental Quality KW - Water resources KW - Groundwater Pollution KW - Model Testing KW - Costs (see also Economics KW - Restoration KW - Costs KW - Water treatment KW - Mathematical models KW - Case Studies KW - Simulation KW - Model Studies KW - Design KW - Design Criteria KW - Remediation KW - Groundwater (see also Aquifers) KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Contamination (see also Pollution) KW - Optimization KW - Pollution control KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - SW 4010:Techniques of planning KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16130377?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Application+of+enhanced+annealing+to+ground+water+remediation+design&rft.au=Skaggs%2C+R+L%3BMays%2C+L+W%3BVail%2C+L+W&rft.aulast=Skaggs&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=867&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mathematical models; Water treatment; Groundwater pollution; Simulation; Pollution control; Aquifers; Bioremediation; Water resources; Design; Low cost); Remediation; Groundwater (see also Aquifers); Contamination (see also Pollution); Costs (see also Economics; Restoration; Costs; Case Studies; Environmental Quality; Design Criteria; Groundwater Pollution; Model Testing; Optimization; Model Studies ER - TY - JOUR T1 - H2S(g) treatment of Cr(VI)-contaminated sediment; implications for in-situ remediation AN - 1020539320; 2012-057922 JF - SSSA-ASA-CSSA Annual Meeting Abstracts AU - Thornton, E C AU - Amonette, James A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001/08// PY - 2001 DA - August 2001 EP - unpaginated PB - American Society of Agronomy and Crop Science Society of America and Soil Science Society of America, [varies] VL - 2001 KW - soils KW - experimental studies KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - techniques KW - hydrogen sulfide KW - remediation KW - hexavalent chromium KW - metals KW - sediments KW - chemical properties KW - permeability KW - chromium KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1020539320?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SSSA-ASA-CSSA+Annual+Meeting+Abstracts&rft.atitle=H2S%28g%29+treatment+of+Cr%28VI%29-contaminated+sediment%3B+implications+for+in-situ+remediation&rft.au=Thornton%2C+E+C%3BAmonette%2C+James+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Thornton&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=2001&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SSSA-ASA-CSSA+Annual+Meeting+Abstracts&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2001 annual meeting of the American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-15 N1 - CODEN - #06963 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical properties; chromium; experimental studies; hexavalent chromium; hydrogen sulfide; in situ; metals; permeability; pollutants; pollution; remediation; sediments; soils; techniques ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cr(VI)-enriched calcite; a long-term source of Cr(VI) contamination AN - 1020539314; 2012-057921 JF - SSSA-ASA-CSSA Annual Meeting Abstracts AU - Thornton, E C AU - McKinley, J P AU - Amonette, Jim E AU - Olsen, K B AU - McCready, D E AU - Deng, B AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001/08// PY - 2001 DA - August 2001 EP - unpaginated PB - American Society of Agronomy and Crop Science Society of America and Soil Science Society of America, [varies] VL - 2001 KW - United States KW - Washington KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - calcite KW - hexavalent chromium KW - transport KW - dissolved materials KW - metals KW - sediments KW - carbonates KW - chromium KW - chemical fractionation KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1020539314?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SSSA-ASA-CSSA+Annual+Meeting+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Cr%28VI%29-enriched+calcite%3B+a+long-term+source+of+Cr%28VI%29+contamination&rft.au=Thornton%2C+E+C%3BMcKinley%2C+J+P%3BAmonette%2C+Jim+E%3BOlsen%2C+K+B%3BMcCready%2C+D+E%3BDeng%2C+B%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Thornton&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=2001&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SSSA-ASA-CSSA+Annual+Meeting+Abstracts&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2001 annual meeting of the American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-15 N1 - CODEN - #06963 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - calcite; carbonates; chemical fractionation; chromium; dissolved materials; Hanford Site; hexavalent chromium; metals; pollution; sediments; transport; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact of redox-sensitive minerals on soil organic-C sequestration AN - 1020539311; 2012-057920 JF - SSSA-ASA-CSSA Annual Meeting Abstracts AU - Amonette, Jim E AU - Capp, J A AU - Russell, C K AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001/08// PY - 2001 DA - August 2001 EP - unpaginated PB - American Society of Agronomy and Crop Science Society of America and Soil Science Society of America, [varies] VL - 2001 KW - silicates KW - carbon sequestration KW - iron oxides KW - oxidation KW - humates KW - soil treatment KW - smectite KW - pollution KW - polymerization KW - clay minerals KW - organic compounds KW - humic substances KW - manganese oxides KW - chemical properties KW - oxides KW - sheet silicates KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1020539311?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SSSA-ASA-CSSA+Annual+Meeting+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Impact+of+redox-sensitive+minerals+on+soil+organic-C+sequestration&rft.au=Amonette%2C+Jim+E%3BCapp%2C+J+A%3BRussell%2C+C+K%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Amonette&rft.aufirst=Jim&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=2001&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SSSA-ASA-CSSA+Annual+Meeting+Abstracts&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2001 annual meeting of the American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-15 N1 - CODEN - #06963 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon sequestration; chemical properties; clay minerals; humates; humic substances; iron oxides; manganese oxides; organic compounds; oxidation; oxides; pollution; polymerization; sheet silicates; silicates; smectite; soil treatment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dissolution and precipitation in Hanford sediments under alkaline conditions AN - 1020537731; 2012-057834 JF - SSSA-ASA-CSSA Annual Meeting Abstracts AU - Qafoku, Nik P AU - Ainsworth, C C AU - Szecsody, J E AU - Qafoku, O S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001/08// PY - 2001 DA - August 2001 EP - unpaginated PB - American Society of Agronomy and Crop Science Society of America and Soil Science Society of America, [varies] VL - 2001 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - leaking underground storage tanks KW - concentration KW - toxic materials KW - Washington KW - alkali metals KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - suspended materials KW - mica group KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - sediments KW - potassium KW - chemical properties KW - sheet silicates KW - alkalinity KW - saline composition KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1020537731?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SSSA-ASA-CSSA+Annual+Meeting+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Dissolution+and+precipitation+in+Hanford+sediments+under+alkaline+conditions&rft.au=Qafoku%2C+Nik+P%3BAinsworth%2C+C+C%3BSzecsody%2C+J+E%3BQafoku%2C+O+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Qafoku&rft.aufirst=Nik&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=2001&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SSSA-ASA-CSSA+Annual+Meeting+Abstracts&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2001 annual meeting of the American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - #06963 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; alkalinity; chemical properties; concentration; Hanford Site; leaking underground storage tanks; metals; mica group; pollution; potassium; precipitation; saline composition; sediments; sheet silicates; silicates; solutes; suspended materials; toxic materials; United States; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Detecting and genotyping Escherichia coli O157:H7 using multiplexed PCR and nucleic acid microarrays. AN - 71061763; 11482571 AB - Rapid detection and characterization of food borne pathogens such as Escherichia coli O157:H7 is crucial for epidemiological investigations and food safety surveillance. As an alternative to conventional technologies, we examined the sensitivity and specificity of nucleic acid microarrays for detecting and genotyping E. coli O157:H7. The array was composed of oligonucleotide probes (25-30 mer) complementary to four virulence loci (intimin, Shiga-like toxins I and II, and hemolysin A). Target DNA was amplified from whole cells or from purified DNA via single or multiplexed polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and PCR products were hybridized to the array without further modification or purification. The array was 32-fold more sensitive than gel electrophoresis and capable of detecting amplification products from < 1 cell equivalent of genomic DNA (1 fg). Immunomagnetic capture, PCR and a microarray were subsequently used to detect 55 CFU ml(-1) (E. coli O157:H7) from chicken rinsate without the aid of pre-enrichment. Four isolates of E. coli O157:H7 and one isolate of O91:H2, for which genotypic data were available, were unambiguously genotyped with this array. Glass-based microarrays are relatively simple to construct and provide a rapid and sensitive means to detect multiplexed PCR products; the system is amenable to automation. JF - International journal of food microbiology AU - Call, D R AU - Brockman, F J AU - Chandler, D P AD - Environmental Microbiology, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA. drcall@wsu.edu Y1 - 2001/07/20/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jul 20 SP - 71 EP - 80 VL - 67 IS - 1-2 SN - 0168-1605, 0168-1605 KW - DNA, Bacterial KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Genotype KW - Animals KW - Polymerase Chain Reaction -- methods KW - Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis -- methods KW - Electrophoresis, Agar Gel KW - Colony Count, Microbial KW - Gene Amplification KW - Food Microbiology KW - Escherichia coli O157 -- classification KW - Escherichia coli O157 -- isolation & purification KW - Chickens -- microbiology KW - DNA, Bacterial -- analysis KW - Escherichia coli O157 -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71061763?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+journal+of+food+microbiology&rft.atitle=Detecting+and+genotyping+Escherichia+coli+O157%3AH7+using+multiplexed+PCR+and+nucleic+acid+microarrays.&rft.au=Call%2C+D+R%3BBrockman%2C+F+J%3BChandler%2C+D+P&rft.aulast=Call&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2001-07-20&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=71&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+journal+of+food+microbiology&rft.issn=01681605&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-10-25 N1 - Date created - 2001-08-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Differential regulation of redox responsive transcription factors by the nephrocarcinogen 2,3,5-Tris(glutathion-S-yl)hydroquinone. AN - 71056186; 11453727 AB - 2,3,5-Tris(glutathion-S-yl)hydroquinone [TGHQ] is a potent nephrotoxicant and nephrocarcinogen, and induces a spectrum of mutations in human and bacterial cells consistent with those attributed to reactive oxygen species (ROS). Studies were conducted to determine whether the oxidative stress induced by TGHQ in renal proximal tubule epithelial cells (LLC-PK(1)) modulates transcriptional activities widely implicated in transformation responses, namely 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol 13-acetate (TPA) responsive element (TRE)- and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB)-binding activity. TGHQ increased TRE- and NF-kappaB-binding activity in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Catalase fully inhibited peak TGHQ-mediated TRE- and NF-kappaB-binding activity. In contrast, although deferoxamine fully inhibited TGHQ-mediated TRE-binding activity, it had only a marginal effect on NF-kappaB-binding activity. Collectively, these data indicate that TGHQ modulates TRE- and NF-kappaB-binding activity in an ROS-dependent fashion. Cycloheximide and actinomycin D fully inhibited TGHQ-mediated TRE-binding activity, but in the absence of TGHQ increased NF-kappaB-binding activity. Although protein kinase C (PKC) is widely implicated in stress response signaling, pretreatment of cells with PKC inhibitors (H-89, calphostin C) did not modulate TGHQ-mediated DNA-binding activities. In contrast, pretreatment of cells with (PD098059), a mitogen activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) inhibitor, markedly reduced TGHQ-mediated TRE-binding activity, but enhanced TGHQ-mediated NF-kappaB-binding activity. We conclude that TGHQ-mediated TRE- and NF-kappaB-binding activities are ROS-dependent. Although there is a common requirement for hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) in the regulation of these DNA-binding activities, there appears to be divergent regulation after H(2)O(2) generation in renal epithelial cells. JF - Chemical research in toxicology AU - Weber, T J AU - Huang, Q AU - Monks, T J AU - Lau, S S AD - Molecular Biosciences, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA. Y1 - 2001/07// PY - 2001 DA - July 2001 SP - 814 EP - 821 VL - 14 IS - 7 SN - 0893-228X, 0893-228X KW - 2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one KW - 0 KW - Carcinogens KW - DNA-Binding Proteins KW - Enzyme Inhibitors KW - Flavonoids KW - Hydroquinones KW - NF-kappa B KW - Nuclear Proteins KW - Reactive Oxygen Species KW - Regulatory Factor X Transcription Factors KW - Transcription Factors KW - 2,3,5-(triglutathion-S-yl)hydroquinone KW - 119212-33-8 KW - Hydrogen Peroxide KW - BBX060AN9V KW - Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases KW - EC 2.7.11.1 KW - MAP Kinase Kinase Kinase 1 KW - EC 2.7.11.25 KW - MAP3K1 protein, human KW - Glutathione KW - GAN16C9B8O KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Index Medicus KW - Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases -- metabolism KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Transcription Factors -- biosynthesis KW - Epithelial Cells -- metabolism KW - Hydrogen Peroxide -- toxicity KW - Epithelial Cells -- drug effects KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Kinetics KW - Oxidative Stress KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Enzyme Inhibitors -- pharmacology KW - LLC-PK1 Cells KW - Flavonoids -- pharmacology KW - Signal Transduction KW - Hydroquinones -- pharmacology KW - Reactive Oxygen Species -- metabolism KW - Carcinogens -- pharmacology KW - Kidney Tubules, Proximal -- metabolism KW - Kidney Tubules, Proximal -- drug effects KW - Nuclear Proteins -- metabolism KW - Glutathione -- pharmacology KW - Glutathione -- analogs & derivatives KW - NF-kappa B -- metabolism KW - DNA-Binding Proteins -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71056186?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+research+in+toxicology&rft.atitle=Differential+regulation+of+redox+responsive+transcription+factors+by+the+nephrocarcinogen+2%2C3%2C5-Tris%28glutathion-S-yl%29hydroquinone.&rft.au=Weber%2C+T+J%3BHuang%2C+Q%3BMonks%2C+T+J%3BLau%2C+S+S&rft.aulast=Weber&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2001-07-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=814&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+research+in+toxicology&rft.issn=0893228X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-12-04 N1 - Date created - 2001-07-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A fluorescence spectroscopic study of phenanthrene sorption on porous silica. AN - 71000699; 11452596 AB - Fluorescence spectroscopic characteristics of sorbed phenanthrene in porous silica provide information about its chemical state such as monomer vs dimer or higher aggregates, as well as a basis for high sensitivity detection. In this study, the chemical state and distribution of phenanthrene sorbed in two types of porous silica particles, mesoporous silica (365 microns particle diameter, 150 A average pore diameter) and microporous silica (custom synthethized, 1 micron particle diameter, 20 A pore diameter), is determined by fluorescence spectroscopy, fluorescence lifetime measurements, and scanning two-photon excitation fluorescence profiling. From the characteristic fluorescence emission spectra, it is found that at loading levels of < or = 4.7 mg/g (phenanthrene/silica) phenanthrene exists as monomers in both meso- and microporous silica particles for phenanthrene loaded from super critical CO2 (SCF). Two-photon excitation fluorescence intensity distribution profiles indicate that for the mesoporous silica particles phenanthrene is adsorbed throughout the entire silica particle. Introduction of water into phenanthrene-loaded mesoporous silica particles causes instantaneous conversion of phenanthrene from monomer to crystalline form at phenantherene loading levels > or = 4.7 micrograms/g due to hydration of the silica surface. In this process, sorption of water molecules expels phenanthrene from the surface sorption sites and causes localized phenanthrene concentration beyond its solubility limit, resulting in crystallization. In comparison this fast conversion is not observed for phenanthrene-loaded microporous silica particles that show extremely slow conversion even for phenanthrene loading levels as high as 4.7 mg/g. This difference is interpreted as reflecting hindered diffusion of phenanthrene in the nearly monodispersed micropores with pore sizes close to the molecular diameter of phenanthrene. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Wang, Z AU - Friedrich, D M AU - Beversluis, M R AU - Hemmer, S L AU - Joly, A G AU - Huesemann, M H AU - Truex, M J AU - Riley, R G AU - Thompson, C J AU - Peyton, B M AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA. zheming.wang@pnl.gov Y1 - 2001/07/01/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jul 01 SP - 2710 EP - 2716 VL - 35 IS - 13 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Phenanthrenes KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - phenanthrene KW - 448J8E5BST KW - Silicon Dioxide KW - 7631-86-9 KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Spectrometry, Fluorescence KW - Particle Size KW - Absorption KW - Diffusion KW - Phenanthrenes -- analysis KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis KW - Phenanthrenes -- chemistry KW - Silicon Dioxide -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71000699?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=A+fluorescence+spectroscopic+study+of+phenanthrene+sorption+on+porous+silica.&rft.au=Wang%2C+Z%3BFriedrich%2C+D+M%3BBeversluis%2C+M+R%3BHemmer%2C+S+L%3BJoly%2C+A+G%3BHuesemann%2C+M+H%3BTruex%2C+M+J%3BRiley%2C+R+G%3BThompson%2C+C+J%3BPeyton%2C+B+M&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Z&rft.date=2001-07-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=2710&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-12-04 N1 - Date created - 2001-07-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of eight decision rules for low-level radioactivity counting. AN - 70940555; 11414621 AB - In low-level radioactivity measurements, it is often important to decide whether a measurement differs from background. A traditional formula for decision level (DL) is given in numerous sources, including the recent ANSI/HPS N13.30-1996, Performance Criteria for Radiobioassay and the Multi-Agency Radiation Survey and Site Investigation Manual (MARSSIM). This formula, which we dub the N13.30 rule, does not adequately account for the discrete nature of the Poisson distribution for paired blank (equal count times for background and sample) measurements, especially at low numbers of counts. We calculate the actual false positive rates that occur using the N13.30 DL formula as a function of a priori false positive rate a and background Poisson mean mu = rhot, where rho is the underlying Poisson rate and t is the counting time. False positive rates exceed a by significant amounts for alpha < or = 0.2 and mu < 100 counts, peaking at 25% at mu approximately equal to 0.71, nearly independent of alpha. Monte Carlo simulations verified calculations. Currie's derivation of the N13.30 DL was based on knowing a good estimate of the mean and standard deviation of background, a case that does not hold for paired blanks and low background rates. We propose one new decision rule (simply add 1 to the number of background counts), and we present six additional decision rules from various sources. We evaluate the actual false positive rate for all eight decision rules as a function of a priori false positive rate and background mean. All of the seven alternative rules perform better than the N13.30 rule. Each has advantages and drawbacks. Given these results, we believe that many regulations, national standards, guidance documents, and texts should be corrected or modified to use a better decision rule. JF - Health physics AU - Strom, D J AU - MacLellan, J A AD - Risk Analysis and Health Protection, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352-0999, USA. daniel.j.strom@pnl.gov Y1 - 2001/07// PY - 2001 DA - July 2001 SP - 27 EP - 34 VL - 81 IS - 1 SN - 0017-9078, 0017-9078 KW - Index Medicus KW - Evaluation Studies as Topic KW - Radiation Dosage KW - Humans KW - Decision Making KW - Radiometry -- standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70940555?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+physics&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+eight+decision+rules+for+low-level+radioactivity+counting.&rft.au=Strom%2C+D+J%3BMacLellan%2C+J+A&rft.aulast=Strom&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2001-07-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=27&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+physics&rft.issn=00179078&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-07-05 N1 - Date created - 2001-06-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In-situ oxidation of trichloroethene by permanganate; effects on porous medium hydraulic properties AN - 51167285; 2003-022048 AB - In-situ oxidation of dense nonaqueous-phase liquids (DNAPLs) by strong oxidants such as potassium permanganate (KMnO (sub 4) ) has been proposed as a possible DNAPL remediation strategy. In this study, we investigated the effects of in-situ trichloroethene (TCE) oxidation by KMnO (sub 4) on porous medium hydraulic properties. In particular, we wanted to determine the overall effects of concurrent solid phase (MnO (sub 2) ) precipitation, gas (CO (sub 2) ) evolution and TCE dissolution resulting from the oxidation reaction on the porous medium's aqueous-phase relative permeability, k (sub rw) . Three TCE removal experiments were conducted in a 95-cm long, 5.1-cm i.d. glass column, which was homogeneously packed with well-characterized 30/40-mesh silica sand. TCE was emplaced in the sand-pack in residual, entrapped form through a sequence of water/TCE imbibition and drainage steps. The column was then flushed under constant aqueous flux conditions for up to 104 h with either deionized water (reference experiment), deionized water containing 5 mM KMnO (sub 4) or deionized water containing 5 mM KMnO (sub 4) and 300 mM Na (sub 2) HPO (sub 4) . Aqueous-phase relative permeabilities were computed from measured flow rates and measurements of aqueous-phase pressure head, h obtained using pressure transducers connected to tensiometers distributed along the column length. A dual-energy gamma radiation system was used to monitor changes in fluid saturation that occurred during each experiment. In addition, column effluent samples were collected for chemical analyses. Dissolution of TCE during deionized water flushing led to an increase in k (sub rw) by approximately 22% and a local reduction in h. On the other hand, vigorous CO (sub 2) gas production and precipitation of MnO (sub 2) was visually observed during flushing with deionized water that contained 5 mM KMnO (sub 4) . As a consequence, k (sub rw) declined by approximately 96% and h increased locally by more than 1000 cm H (sub 2) O during the first 24 h of the experiment, causing sand-pack ruptures and pump failure. Conversely, less CO (sub 2) gas production and MnO (sub 2) precipitation was visually observed during flushing with deionized water that contained 5 mM KMnO (sub 4) and 300 mM Na (sub 2) HPO (sub 4) . Consequently, only small increases in h (<15 cm H (sub 2) O) were observed in this experiment due to a reduction in k (sub rw) of approximately 53%. While we must attribute changes in h due to variations in k (sub rw) to our specific experimental design (constant aqueous flux, one-dimensional flow experiments), these experiments nevertheless confirm that successful application of in situ chemical oxidation of TCE requires consideration of detrimental processes such as MnO (sub 2) precipitation and CO (sub 2) gas formation. In addition, our results indicate that utilization of a buffered oxidant solution may improve the effectiveness of in-situ oxidation of TCE by KMnO (sub 4) in otherwise weakly buffered porous media. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Schroth, M H AU - Oostrom, M AU - Wietsma, T W AU - Istok, J D Y1 - 2001/07// PY - 2001 DA - July 2001 SP - 79 EP - 98 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 50 IS - 1-2 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - one-dimensional models KW - trichloroethane KW - techniques KW - dense nonaqueous phase liquids KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - decontamination KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - experimental studies KW - monitoring KW - in situ KW - oxidation KW - effluents KW - pollution KW - potassium permanganate KW - porous materials KW - aquifers KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - organic compounds KW - saturation KW - tensiometers KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - permeability KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51167285?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=In-situ+oxidation+of+trichloroethene+by+permanganate%3B+effects+on+porous+medium+hydraulic+properties&rft.au=Schroth%2C+M+H%3BOostrom%2C+M%3BWietsma%2C+T+W%3BIstok%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Schroth&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2001-07-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=79&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; carbon dioxide; chlorinated hydrocarbons; decontamination; dense nonaqueous phase liquids; effluents; experimental studies; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydraulic conductivity; in situ; monitoring; nonaqueous phase liquids; one-dimensional models; organic compounds; oxidation; permeability; pollution; porous materials; potassium permanganate; saturation; techniques; tensiometers; trichloroethane ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Alkaliphilus transvaalensis gen. nov., sp. nov., an extremely alkaliphilic bacterium isolated from a deep South African gold mine AN - 17920041; 5165214 AB - A novel extreme alkaliphile was isolated from a mine water containment dam at 3.2 km below land surface in an ultra-deep gold mine near Carletonville, South Africa. The cells of this bacterium were straight to slightly curved rods, motile by flagella and formed endospores. Growth was observed over the temperature range 20-50 degrees C (optimum 40 degrees C; 45 min doubling time) and pH range 8.5-12.5 (optimum pH 10.0). The novel isolate, one of the most alkaliphilic micro-organisms yet described, was a strictly anaerobic chemo-organotroph capable of utilizing proteinaceous substrates such as yeast extract, peptone, tryptone and casein. Elemental sulfur, thiosulfate or fumarate, when included as accessory electron acceptors, improved growth. The G + C content of genomic DNA was 36.4 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rDNA sequence indicated that the isolate is a member of cluster XI within the low G + C Gram-positive bacteria, but only distantly related to previously described members. On the basis of physiological and molecular properties, the isolate represents a novel species, for which the name Alkaliphilus transvaalensis gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed (type strain SAGM1(T) = JCM 10712(T) = ATCC 700919(T)). The mechanism of generation of the highly alkaline microbial habitat and the possible source of the alkaliphile are discussed. JF - International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology AU - Takai, K AU - Moser, D P AU - Onstott, T C AU - Spoelstra, N AU - Pfiffner, S M AU - Dohnalkova, A AU - Fredrickson, J K AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA Y1 - 2001/07// PY - 2001 DA - Jul 2001 SP - 1245 EP - 1256 PB - Society for General Microbiology VL - 51 IS - 4 SN - 1466-5026, 1466-5026 KW - South Africa KW - rRNA 16S KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Phylogeny KW - Temperature effects KW - Growth rate KW - Phenotyping KW - Alkaliphilus transvaalensis KW - Genotyping KW - Substrate specificity KW - Taxonomy KW - pH effects KW - J 02710:Identification, taxonomy and typing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17920041?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Systematic+and+Evolutionary+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Alkaliphilus+transvaalensis+gen.+nov.%2C+sp.+nov.%2C+an+extremely+alkaliphilic+bacterium+isolated+from+a+deep+South+African+gold+mine&rft.au=Takai%2C+K%3BMoser%2C+D+P%3BOnstott%2C+T+C%3BSpoelstra%2C+N%3BPfiffner%2C+S+M%3BDohnalkova%2C+A%3BFredrickson%2C+J+K&rft.aulast=Takai&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2001-07-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1245&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Systematic+and+Evolutionary+Microbiology&rft.issn=14665026&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alkaliphilus transvaalensis; Phenotyping; Growth rate; Temperature effects; pH effects; Substrate specificity; Genotyping; Phylogeny; Taxonomy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Kinetic Analysis of the Bacterial Reduction of Goethite AN - 18097258; 5170969 AB - The kinetics of dissimilatory reduction of goethite ( alpha -FeOOH) was studied in batch cultures of a groundwater bacterium, Shewanella putrefaciens, strain CN32 in pH 7 bicarbonate buffer. The rate and extent of goethite reduction were measured as a function of electron acceptor (goethite) and donor (lactate) concentrations. Increasing goethite concentrations increased both the rate and extent of Fe(III) reduction when cell and lactate concentrations were held constant. However, constant initial reduction rates were observed after normalization to the Fe(II) sorption capacity of FeOOH, suggesting that the becterial reduction rate was first order with respect to surface site concentration. Increasing the lactate concentration also increased the rate and extent of FeOOH reduction. Monod-type kinetic behavior was observed with respect to lactate concentration. Fe(II) sorption on FeOOH was well-described by the Langmuir sorption isotherm. However, the Fe(II) sorption capacities hyperbolically decreased with increasing FeOOH concentration (10-100 mM) implying aggregation, while the affinity constant between Fe(II) and goethite was constant (log K approximately 3). Evaluation of the end states of the variable FeOOH and lactate experiments when iron reduction ceased indicated a consistent excess in reaction free energy of -22.7 kJ/mol. This value was remarkably close to the minimum value reported for bacteria to mediate a given reaction (-20 kJ/mol). X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) indicated that siderite (FeCO sub(3)) was the only biogenic Fe(II) solid formed upon FeOOH bioreduction. A kinetic biogeochemical model that incorporated Monod kinetics with respect to lactate concentration, first-order kinetics with respect to goethite surface concentration, a Gibbs free energy availability factor, the rates of Fe(II) sorption on goethite and siderite precipitation, and aqueous speciation reactions was applied to the experimental data. Using independently estimated parameters, the developed model successfully described bacterial goethite reduction with variable FeOOH and lactate concentrations. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Liu, Chongxuan AU - Kota, S AU - Zachara, J M AU - Fredrickson, J K AU - Brinkman, C K AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MS K8-96, Richland, WA 99352, USA, chongxuan.liu@pnl.gov Y1 - 2001/06/15/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jun 15 SP - 2482 EP - 2490 VL - 35 IS - 12 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Bacteria KW - goethite KW - kinetics KW - siderophores KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Reduction KW - Mathematical models KW - Biodegradation KW - Kinetics KW - Lactic acid KW - Ground water KW - Iron compounds KW - Shewanella putrefaciens KW - Goethite KW - Q1 08206:Physiology, biochemistry, biophysics KW - A 01056:Mineral microbiology KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18097258?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Kinetic+Analysis+of+the+Bacterial+Reduction+of+Goethite&rft.au=Liu%2C+Chongxuan%3BKota%2C+S%3BZachara%2C+J+M%3BFredrickson%2C+J+K%3BBrinkman%2C+C+K&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Chongxuan&rft.date=2001-06-15&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=2482&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Reduction; Biodegradation; Kinetics; Iron compounds; Ground water; Goethite; Mathematical models; Lactic acid; Bacteria; Shewanella putrefaciens ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potential technology for studying dosimetry and response to airborne chemical and biological pollutants. AN - 71372197; 12539872 AB - Advances in computational, and imaging techniques have enabled the rapid development of three-dimensional (3-D) models of biological systems in unprecedented detail. Using these advances, 3-D models of the lungs and nasal passages of the rat and human are being developed to ultimately improve predictions of airborne pollutant dosimetry. Techniques for imaging the respiratory tract by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were developed to improve the speed and accuracy of geometric data collection for mesh reconstruction. The MRI resolution is comparable to that obtained by manual measurements but at much greater speed and accuracy. Newly developed software (NWGrid) was utilized to translate imaging data from MR into 3-D mesh structures. Together, these approaches significantly reduced the time to develop a 3-D model. This more robust airway structure will ultimately facilitate modeling gas or vapor exchange between the respiratory tract and vasculature as well as enable linkages of dosimetry with cell response models. The 3-D, finite volume, viscoelastic mesh structures form the geometric basis for computational fluid dynamics modeling of inhalation, exhalation and the delivery of individual particles (or concentrations of gas or vapors) to discrete regions of the respiratory tract. The ability of these 3-D models to resolve dosimetry at such a high level of detail will require new techniques to measure regional airflows and particulate deposition for model validation. JF - Toxicology and industrial health AU - Timchalk, C AU - Trease, H E AU - Trease, L L AU - Minard, K R AU - Corley, R A AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA. charles.timchalk@pnl.gov Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - June 2001 SP - 270 EP - 276 VL - 17 IS - 5-10 SN - 0748-2337, 0748-2337 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Particle Size KW - Humans KW - Volatilization KW - Air Movements KW - Software KW - Imaging, Three-Dimensional KW - Lung -- anatomy & histology KW - Nasal Cavity -- anatomy & histology KW - Lung -- drug effects KW - Nasal Cavity -- drug effects KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71372197?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+industrial+health&rft.atitle=Potential+technology+for+studying+dosimetry+and+response+to+airborne+chemical+and+biological+pollutants.&rft.au=Timchalk%2C+C%3BTrease%2C+H+E%3BTrease%2C+L+L%3BMinard%2C+K+R%3BCorley%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Timchalk&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=5-10&rft.spage=270&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+industrial+health&rft.issn=07482337&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-02-06 N1 - Date created - 2003-01-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-18 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Wide-area aquatic sampling and analysis for the detection of nuclear proliferation AN - 51983657; 2003-042817 JF - Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry AU - Wogman, N A AU - Wigmosta, M S AU - Swindle, D W AU - Krey, P W Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - June 2001 SP - 611 EP - 615 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers and Akademiai Kiado, Dordrecht - Budapest VL - 248 IS - 3 SN - 0236-5731, 0236-5731 KW - radioactive isotopes KW - monitoring KW - detection KW - sampling KW - isotopes KW - tracers KW - policy KW - nuclear facilities KW - military facilities KW - aquatic environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51983657?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Radioanalytical+and+Nuclear+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Wide-area+aquatic+sampling+and+analysis+for+the+detection+of+nuclear+proliferation&rft.au=Wogman%2C+N+A%3BWigmosta%2C+M+S%3BSwindle%2C+D+W%3BKrey%2C+P+W&rft.aulast=Wogman&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=248&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=611&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Radioanalytical+and+Nuclear+Chemistry&rft.issn=02365731&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifth international conference on Methods and applications of radioanalytical chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. table N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-20 N1 - CODEN - JRNCDM N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquatic environment; detection; isotopes; military facilities; monitoring; nuclear facilities; policy; radioactive isotopes; sampling; tracers ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Screening of potential sites for undeclared nuclear facilities in environmental monitoring for nuclear proliferation AN - 51983247; 2003-042816 JF - Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry AU - Swindle, D W, Jr AU - Pearson, R L AU - Wogman, N A AU - Krey, P W Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - June 2001 SP - 599 EP - 604 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers and Akademiai Kiado, Dordrecht - Budapest VL - 248 IS - 3 SN - 0236-5731, 0236-5731 KW - monitoring KW - legislation KW - international cooperation KW - policy KW - nuclear facilities KW - military facilities KW - environmental analysis KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51983247?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Radioanalytical+and+Nuclear+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Screening+of+potential+sites+for+undeclared+nuclear+facilities+in+environmental+monitoring+for+nuclear+proliferation&rft.au=Swindle%2C+D+W%2C+Jr%3BPearson%2C+R+L%3BWogman%2C+N+A%3BKrey%2C+P+W&rft.aulast=Swindle&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=248&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=599&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Radioanalytical+and+Nuclear+Chemistry&rft.issn=02365731&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifth international conference on Methods and applications of radioanalytical chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-20 N1 - CODEN - JRNCDM N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - environmental analysis; international cooperation; legislation; military facilities; monitoring; nuclear facilities; policy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The arginine finger of RasGAP helps Gln-61 align the nucleophilic water in GAP-stimulated hydrolysis of GTP. AN - 70865123; 11371635 AB - The Ras family of GTPases is a collection of molecular switches that link receptors on the plasma membrane to signaling pathways that regulate cell proliferation and differentiation. The accessory GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) negatively regulate the cell signaling by increasing the slow intrinsic GTP to GDP hydrolysis rate of Ras. Mutants of Ras are found in 25-30% of human tumors. The most dramatic property of these mutants is their insensitivity to the negative regulatory action of GAPs. All known oncogenic mutants of Ras map to a small subset of amino acids. Gln-61 is particularly important because virtually all mutations of this residue eliminate sensitivity to GAPs. Despite its obvious importance for carcinogenesis, the role of Gln-61 in the GAP-stimulated GTPase activity of Ras has remained a mystery. Our molecular dynamics simulations of the p21ras-p120GAP-GTP complex suggest that the local structure around the catalytic region can be different from that revealed by the x-ray crystal structure. We find that the carbonyl oxygen on the backbone of the arginine finger supplied in trans by p120GAP (Arg-789) interacts with a water molecule in the active site that is forming a bridge between the NH(2) group of the Gln-61 and the gamma-phosphate of GTP. Thus, Arg-789 may play a dual role in generating the nucleophile as well as stabilizing the transition state for PO bond cleavage. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America AU - Resat, H AU - Straatsma, T P AU - Dixon, D A AU - Miller, J H AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA. haluk.resat@pnl.gov Y1 - 2001/05/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 May 22 SP - 6033 EP - 6038 VL - 98 IS - 11 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - p120 GTPase Activating Protein KW - 0 KW - Water KW - 059QF0KO0R KW - Glutamine KW - 0RH81L854J KW - Guanosine Triphosphate KW - 86-01-1 KW - Arginine KW - 94ZLA3W45F KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) KW - EC 3.6.5.2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Water -- chemistry KW - Hydrolysis KW - Cluster Analysis KW - Binding Sites KW - Guanosine Triphosphate -- chemistry KW - Arginine -- chemistry KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) -- chemistry KW - Glutamine -- chemistry KW - p120 GTPase Activating Protein -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70865123?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=The+arginine+finger+of+RasGAP+helps+Gln-61+align+the+nucleophilic+water+in+GAP-stimulated+hydrolysis+of+GTP.&rft.au=Resat%2C+H%3BStraatsma%2C+T+P%3BDixon%2C+D+A%3BMiller%2C+J+H&rft.aulast=Resat&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2001-05-22&rft.volume=98&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=6033&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-07-19 N1 - Date created - 2001-05-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Cell. 1990 Aug 10;62(3):539-48 [2199064] EMBO J. 1990 Aug;9(8):2351-9 [2196171] Nature. 1991 Jan 10;349(6305):117-27 [1898771] Nature. 1991 Jun 13;351(6327):576-9 [1904555] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Apr 15;89(8):3649-53 [1565661] Mol Cell Biol. 1992 May;12(5):2050-6 [1569940] Biochemistry. 1992 Jun 2;31(21):4951-9 [1599919] Biochemistry. 1992 Sep 22;31(37):8691-6 [1390653] Science. 1993 Feb 5;259(5096):806-9 [8430333] Annu Rev Biochem. 1993;62:851-91 [8352603] J Biol Chem. 1993 Dec 25;268(36):27012-9 [8262937] Biochemistry. 1994 Mar 22;33(11):3237-44 [8136358] J Mol Biol. 1994 May 6;238(3):415-36 [8176733] Science. 1994 Sep 2;265(5177):1405-12 [8073283] Cell Signal. 1994 Mar;6(3):247-67 [7917783] Nature. 1994 Nov 17;372(6503):276-9 [7969474] Nat Struct Biol. 1995 Jan;2(1):3-6 [7719851] Nat Struct Biol. 1995 Jan;2(1):36-44 [7719852] Nat Struct Biol. 1994 Jul;1(7):476-84 [7664067] Biochemistry. 1995 Sep 19;34(37):12038-47 [7547942] Science. 1996 Jul 5;273(5271):115-7 [8658179] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Aug 6;93(16):8160-6 [8710841] FASEB J. 1996 Oct;10(12):1347-68 [8903506] Science. 1997 Jul 18;277(5324):333-8 [9219684] Nat Struct Biol. 1997 Sep;4(9):686-9 [9302992] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997 Oct 28;94(22):11905-10 [9342335] Annu Rev Biochem. 1987;56:779-827 [3304147] Biochemistry. 2000 Aug 15;39(32):9641-51 [10933780] Structure. 2000 Dec 15;8(12):1279-87 [11188692] Science. 1987 Oct 23;238(4826):542-5 [2821624] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Jul;85(14):5026-30 [3293047] Science. 1988 Dec 23;242(4886):1697-700 [3201259] Cancer Res. 1989 Sep 1;49(17):4682-9 [2547513] Nature. 1990 Nov 8;348(6297):125-32 [2122258] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of an integrated microanalytical system for analysis of lead in saliva and linkage to a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model describing lead saliva secretion. AN - 70976683; 11434435 AB - There is a need to develop reliable portable analytical systems for biomonitoring lead (Pb) in noninvasively collected saliva samples. In addition, appropriate pharmacokinetic analyses are used to quantitate systemic dosimetry based on the saliva Pb concentrations. A portable microfluidics/electrochemical device was developed for the rapid analysis of Pb based on square wave anodic stripping voltammetry, in which a saliva sample flows over an electrode surface, Pb2+ is chemically reduced and accumulated, and the electric potential of the electrode scanned. The system demonstrates a good linear response over a broad Pb concentration range (1-2000 ppb). To evaluate the relationship between saliva and blood Pb, rats were treated with single oral doses ranging from 20 to 500 mg Pb/kg of body weight, and 24 hours later were administered pilocarpine, a muscarinic agonist to induce salivation. To correlate saliva levels with internal dose, blood and saliva were collected and quantitated for Pb by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and by the microanalytical system. The quantitation with the microanalytical system was slightly less (approximately 75-85%) than with ICP-MS; however, the response was linear, with concentration suggesting that it can be used for the quantitation of salivary Pb. To facilitate modeling, a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for Pb was modified to incorporate a salivary gland compartment. The model was capable of predicting blood and saliva Pb concentration based on a limited data set. These results are encouraging, suggesting that once fully developed the microanalytical system coupled with PBPK modeling can be used as important tools for real-time biomonitoring of Pb for both occupational and environmental exposures. JF - AIHAJ : a journal for the science of occupational and environmental health and safety AU - Timchalk, C AU - Poet, T S AU - Lin, Y AU - Weitz, K K AU - Zhao, R AU - Thrall, K D AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA. charles.timchalk@pnl.gov PY - 2001 SP - 295 EP - 302 VL - 62 IS - 3 SN - 1529-8663, 1529-8663 KW - Lead KW - 2P299V784P KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Salivary Glands -- metabolism KW - Models, Biological KW - Male KW - Saliva -- chemistry KW - Lead -- chemistry KW - Lead -- pharmacokinetics KW - Lead -- blood KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70976683?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AIHAJ+%3A+a+journal+for+the+science+of+occupational+and+environmental+health+and+safety&rft.atitle=Development+of+an+integrated+microanalytical+system+for+analysis+of+lead+in+saliva+and+linkage+to+a+physiologically+based+pharmacokinetic+model+describing+lead+saliva+secretion.&rft.au=Vermeul%2C+Vince+R%3BBergeron%2C+Marcel+P%3BCole%2C+Charles+R%3BNichols%2C+William+E%3BScheibe%2C+Tim+D%3BThorne%2C+Paul+D%3BWaichler%2C+Scott+R%3BWilliams%2C+Mark+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Vermeul&rft.aufirst=Vince&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=450&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-12-05 N1 - Date created - 2001-07-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effective parameters for two-phase flow in a porous medium with periodic heterogeneities AN - 51188002; 2001-042817 AB - Computational simulations of two-phase flow in porous media are used to investigate the feasibility of replacing a porous medium containing heterogeneities with an equivalent homogeneous medium. Simulations are performed for the case of infiltration of a dense nonaqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) in a water-saturated, heterogeneous porous medium. For two specific porous media, with periodic and rather simple heterogeneity patterns, the existence of a representative elementary volume (REV) is studied. Upscaled intrinsic permeabilities and upscaled nonlinear constitutive relationships for two-phase flow systems are numerically calculated and the effects of heterogeneities are evaluated. Upscaled capillary pressure-saturation curves for drainage are found to be distinctly different from the lower-scale curves for individual regions of heterogeneity. Irreducible water saturation for the homogenized medium is found to be much larger than the corresponding lower-scale values. Numerical simulations for both heterogeneous and homogeneous representations of the considered porous media are carried out. Although the homogenized model simulates the spreading behavior of DNAPL reasonably well, it still fails to match completely the results form the heterogeneous simulations. This seems to be due, in part, to the nonlinearities inherent to multiphase flow systems. Although we have focussed on a periodic heterogeneous medium in this study, our methodology is applicable to other forms of heterogeneous media. In particular, the procedure for identification of a REV, and associated upscaled constitutive relations, can be used for randomly heterogeneous or layered media as well. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Ataie-Ashtiani, B AU - Hassanizadeh, S M AU - Oostrom, M AU - Celia, M A AU - White, M D Y1 - 2001/05// PY - 2001 DA - May 2001 SP - 87 EP - 109 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 49 IS - 1-2 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - numerical models KW - capillary pressure KW - drainage KW - data processing KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - capillarity KW - dense nonaqueous phase liquids KW - simulation KW - layered materials KW - boundary conditions KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - computer programs KW - saturation KW - infiltration KW - multiphase flow KW - permeability KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51188002?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Effective+parameters+for+two-phase+flow+in+a+porous+medium+with+periodic+heterogeneities&rft.au=Ataie-Ashtiani%2C+B%3BHassanizadeh%2C+S+M%3BOostrom%2C+M%3BCelia%2C+M+A%3BWhite%2C+M+D&rft.aulast=Ataie-Ashtiani&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2001-05-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=87&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; boundary conditions; capillarity; capillary pressure; computer programs; data processing; dense nonaqueous phase liquids; drainage; ground water; infiltration; layered materials; multiphase flow; nonaqueous phase liquids; numerical models; permeability; pollution; porous materials; saturation; simulation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Global and regional anthropogenic sulfur dioxide emissions AN - 19935506; 5278720 AB - We present a new inventory of global sulfur dioxide emissions from anthropogenic activities for the years 1980-2000. Emissions were estimated in 11 world regions using country-level emissions inventories and regional fossil fuel sulfur content information. Estimated global emissions in 1990 are 72 TgS with an estimated uncertainty of plus or minus 8% due to random errors with additional systematic errors that suggest that true emissions may be higher than this central value. We estimate that 56% of 1990 world emissions are from coal, 24% from oil, 15% from industrial processes and 3% from biomass burning. When our results are compared with other studies, they are similar at the global-mean level, but show marked differences at the regional level. Globally, emissions have been roughly constant from 1980 to the present. However, a significant shift has occurred in the spatial distribution of emissions. While 60% of global emissions in 1980 were from around the North Atlantic basin, this region contributed less than 40% of the global total by 1995 and will contribute even less in the future. Currently, based on our estimates, the centrally planned Asia (CPA) region, dominated by China, is the largest contributor to global sulfur dioxide emissions. A gridded data set for 1990 emissions is also produced, including a consistent seasonal cycle and a stratification of emissions into low and elevated releases. Implications for climate modeling and detection studies are discussed. JF - Global and Planetary Change AU - Smith, S J AU - Pitcher, H AU - Wigley, TML AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), 901 D Street, SW, Suite 900, Washington, DC 20024, USA, ssmith@pnl.gov Y1 - 2001/05// PY - 2001 DA - May 2001 SP - 99 EP - 119 VL - 29 IS - 1-2 SN - 0921-8181, 0921-8181 KW - fossil fuels KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Human Population; Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Historical account KW - Sulphur dioxide KW - Combustion products KW - Fuels KW - Climatic changes KW - Coal KW - Freshwater KW - Human impact KW - Models KW - Sulphur compounds KW - Oil KW - Emission inventories KW - Sulfur dioxide KW - Industrial wastes KW - Trans-boundary pollution KW - Asia KW - Industrial pollution KW - Seasonal variations KW - Environmental monitoring KW - Marine KW - Fossil fuels KW - Brackish KW - Biomass KW - Air pollution KW - Atmospheric chemistry KW - China, People's Rep. KW - Human factors KW - Regional variations KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - M1 230:Human Population-Atmosphere Interactions KW - Q2 09188:Atmospheric chemistry KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - O 4060:Pollution - Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19935506?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+and+Planetary+Change&rft.atitle=Global+and+regional+anthropogenic+sulfur+dioxide+emissions&rft.au=Smith%2C+S+J%3BPitcher%2C+H%3BWigley%2C+TML&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2001-05-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=99&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+and+Planetary+Change&rft.issn=09218181&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Oil; Air pollution; Sulphur dioxide; Industrial wastes; Fossil fuels; Climatic changes; Atmospheric chemistry; Coal; Biomass; Regional variations; Sulphur compounds; Environmental monitoring; Fuels; Industrial pollution; Models; Human impact; Historical account; Emission inventories; Sulfur dioxide; Trans-boundary pollution; Combustion products; Human factors; Seasonal variations; China, People's Rep.; Asia; Freshwater; Brackish; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Testing a blowing snow model against distributed snow measurements at Upper Sheep Creek, Idaho, United States of America AN - 18081924; 5171499 AB - In this paper a physically based snow transport model (SnowTran-3D) was used to simulate snow drifting over a 30 m grid and was compared to detailed snow water equivalence (SWE) surveys on three dates within a small 0.25 km super(2) subwatershed, Upper Sheep Creek. Two precipitation scenarios and two vegetation scenarios were used to carry out four snow transport model runs in order to (1) evaluate the blowing snow model, (2) evaluate the sensitivity of the snow transport model to precipitation and vegetation inputs, and (3) evaluate the linearity of snow accumulation patterns and the utility of the drift factor concept in distributed snow modeling. Spatial comparison methods consisted of (1) pointwise comparisons of measured and modeled SWE, (2) visual comparisons of the spatial maps, (3) comparisons of the basin-wide average SWE, (4) comparisons of zonal average SWE in accumulation and scour zones, and (5) comparisons of distribution functions. We found that the basin average modeled SWE was in reasonable agreement with observations and that visually the spatial pattern of snow accumulation was well represented except for a pattern shift. Pointwise comparisons between the modeled and observed SWE maps displayed significant errors. The distribution functions of SnowTran-3D-modeled drift factors from two precipitation scenarios on three dates were compared with the distribution function of observation-based drift factors obtained previously by calibration to evaluate the assumption of linearity. We found only a 14% reduction in explained variance in the distribution function of drift factors for a 69% increase in precipitation, suggesting that the simplification provided by the use of drift factor distributions will result in errors that are tolerable in many cases. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Prasad, R AU - Tarboton, D G AU - Liston, GE AU - Luce, CH AU - Seyfried AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA Y1 - 2001/05// PY - 2001 DA - May 2001 SP - 1341 EP - 1350 VL - 37 IS - 5 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - USA, Idaho KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Precipitation (Atmospheric) KW - Instrumentation KW - Water resources KW - Vegetation KW - Model Testing KW - Spatial Distribution KW - Snow cover KW - Model Studies KW - Sensitivity Analysis KW - Performance Evaluation KW - Snow-Water Equivalent KW - Snow Accumulation KW - Blowing Snow KW - Drifting Snow KW - Data Collections KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes KW - SW 0820:Snow, ice and frost UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18081924?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Testing+a+blowing+snow+model+against+distributed+snow+measurements+at+Upper+Sheep+Creek%2C+Idaho%2C+United+States+of+America&rft.au=Prasad%2C+R%3BTarboton%2C+D+G%3BListon%2C+GE%3BLuce%2C+CH%3BSeyfried&rft.aulast=Prasad&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-05-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1341&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Instrumentation; Precipitation (Atmospheric); Vegetation; Water resources; Snow cover; Sensitivity Analysis; Performance Evaluation; Snow-Water Equivalent; Snow Accumulation; Model Testing; Spatial Distribution; Data Collections; Model Studies; Drifting Snow; Blowing Snow ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Can pollution problems be effectively solved by environmental science and technology? An analysis of critical limitations AN - 17886521; 5137637 AB - It is currently believed that science and technology can provide effective solutions to most, if not all, environmental problems facing western industrial societies. The validity of this optimistic assumption is highly questionable for at least three reasons: First, current mechanistic, reductionist science is inherently incapable of providing the complete and accurate information which is required to successfully address environmental problems. Second, both the conservation of mass principle and the second law of thermodynamics dictate that most remediation technologies -- while successful in solving specific pollution problems -- cause unavoidable negative environmental impacts elsewhere or in the future. Third, it is intrinsically impossible to design industrial processes that have no negative environmental impacts. This follows not only from the entropy law but also from the fact that any generation of energy is impossible without negative environmental consequences. It can therefore be concluded that science and technology have only very limited potential in solving current and future environmental problems. Consequently, it will be necessary to address the root cause of environmental deterioration, namely, the prevailing materialistic values that are the main driving force for both overpopulation and overconsumption. The long-term protection of the environment is, therefore, not primarily a technical problem but rather a social and moral problem that can only be solved by drastically reducing the strong influence of materialistic values. JF - Ecological Economics AU - Huesemann, M H AD - Marine Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 1529 West Sequim Bay Road, Sequim, WA 98382, USA, michael.huesemann@pnl.gov Y1 - 2001/05// PY - 2001 DA - May 2001 SP - 271 EP - 287 VL - 37 IS - 2 SN - 0921-8009, 0921-8009 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Socioeconomics KW - Population dynamics KW - Environmental protection KW - Remediation KW - Pollution control KW - Technology KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17886521?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Economics&rft.atitle=Can+pollution+problems+be+effectively+solved+by+environmental+science+and+technology%3F+An+analysis+of+critical+limitations&rft.au=Huesemann%2C+M+H&rft.aulast=Huesemann&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2001-05-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=271&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Economics&rft.issn=09218009&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Population dynamics; Socioeconomics; Technology; Pollution control; Remediation; Environmental protection ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multicomponent reactive transport in an in situ zero-valent iron cell. AN - 70846303; 11348093 AB - Data collected from a field study of in situ zero-valent iron treatment for TCE were analyzed in the context of coupled transport and reaction processes. The focus of this analysis was to understand the behavior of chemical components, including contaminants, in groundwater transported through the iron cell of a pilot-scale funnel and gate treatment system. A multicomponent reactive transport simulator was used to simultaneously model mobile and nonmobile components undergoing equilibrium and kinetic reactions including TCE degradation, parallel iron dissolution reactions, precipitation of secondary minerals, and complexation reactions. The resulting mechanistic model of coupled processes reproduced solution chemistry behavior observed in the iron cell with a minimum of calibration. These observations included the destruction of TCE and cis-1,2-DCE; increases in pH and hydrocarbons; and decreases in EH, alkalinity, dissolved O2 and CO2, and major ions (i.e., Ca, Mg, Cl, sulfate, nitrate). Mineral precipitation in the iron zone was critical to correctly predicting these behaviors. The dominant precipitation products were ferrous hydroxide, siderite, aragonite, brucite, and iron sulfide. In the first few centimeters of the reactive iron cell, these precipitation products are predicted to account for a 3% increase in mineral volume per year, which could have implications for the longevity of favorable barrier hydraulics and reactivity. The inclusion of transport was key to understanding the interplay between rates of transport and rates of reaction in the field. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Yabusaki, S AU - Cantrell, K AU - Sass, B AU - Steefel, C AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA. yabusaki@pnl.gov Y1 - 2001/04/01/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Apr 01 SP - 1493 EP - 1503 VL - 35 IS - 7 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Iron KW - E1UOL152H7 KW - Tetrachloroethylene KW - TJ904HH8SN KW - Index Medicus KW - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration KW - Chemical Precipitation KW - Carcinogens -- chemistry KW - Tetrachloroethylene -- chemistry KW - Iron -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70846303?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Multicomponent+reactive+transport+in+an+in+situ+zero-valent+iron+cell.&rft.au=Yabusaki%2C+S%3BCantrell%2C+K%3BSass%2C+B%3BSteefel%2C+C&rft.aulast=Yabusaki&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2001-04-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1493&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-08-02 N1 - Date created - 2001-05-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - CONF T1 - The virtual body workshop: current and future application of human biology models in environmental health research. AN - 70815718; 11335192 JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Timchalk, C AU - Walker, N J AU - Mann, R C AU - Metting, F B Y1 - 2001/04// PY - 2001 DA - April 2001 SP - 421 EP - 423 VL - 109 IS - 4 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Research -- trends KW - Environmental Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Environmental Health KW - User-Computer Interface KW - Models, Biological UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70815718?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=The+virtual+body+workshop%3A+current+and+future+application+of+human+biology+models+in+environmental+health+research.&rft.au=Timchalk%2C+C%3BWalker%2C+N+J%3BMann%2C+R+C%3BMetting%2C+F+B&rft.aulast=Timchalk&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2001-04-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=421&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-01-23 N1 - Date created - 2001-05-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of regularized discrimination analysis to regional seismic event identification AN - 51120777; 2006-009550 JF - Seismological Research Letters AU - Anderson, D N AU - Taylor, S R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001/04// PY - 2001 DA - April 2001 SP - 230 PB - Seismological Society of America, El Cerrito, CA VL - 72 IS - 2 SN - 0895-0695, 0895-0695 KW - regularized discrimination analysis KW - errors KW - seismicity KW - identification KW - correlation KW - calibration KW - ridge discrimination KW - earthquakes KW - measurement KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51120777?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Application+of+regularized+discrimination+analysis+to+regional+seismic+event+identification&rft.au=Anderson%2C+D+N%3BTaylor%2C+S+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2001-04-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=230&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.issn=08950695&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - SSA 2001 96th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EAQNAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - calibration; correlation; earthquakes; errors; identification; measurement; regularized discrimination analysis; ridge discrimination; seismicity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial Reduction of Fe(III) and Sorption/Precipitation of Fe(II) on Shewanella putrefaciens Strain CN32 AN - 17881386; 5126414 AB - The influence of Fe(II) on the dissimilatory bacterial reduction of an Fe(III) aqueous complex (Fe(III)--citrate sub(aq)) was investigated using Shewanella putrefaciens strain CN32. The sorption of Fe(II) on CN32 followed a Langmuir isotherm. Least-squares fitting gave a maximum sorption capacity of Q sub(max) = 4.19 x 10 super(-3) mol/10 super(12) cells (1.19 mmol/m super(2) of cell surface area) and an affinity coefficient of log K = 3.29. The growth yield of CN32 with respect to Fe(III) sub(aq) reduction showed a linear trend with an average value of 5.24 ( plus or minus 0.12) x 10 super(9) cells/mmol of Fe(III). The reduction of Fe(III) sub(aq) by CN32 was described by Monod kinetics with respect to the electron acceptor concentration, Fe(III) sub(aq), with a half-saturation constant (K sub(s)) of 29 ( plus or minus 3) mM and maximum growth rate ( mu sub(max)) of 0.32 ( plus or minus 0.02) h super(-1). However, the pretreatment of CN32 with Fe(II) sub(aq) significantly inhibited the reduction of Fe(III) sub(aq), resulting in a lag phase of about 3-30 h depending on initial cell concentrations. Lower initial cell concentration led to longer lag phase duration, and higher cell concentration led to a shorter one. Transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy revealed that many cells carried surface precipitates of Fe mineral phases (valence unspecified) during the lag phase. These precipitates disappeared after the cells recovered from the lag phase. The cell inhibition and recovery mechanisms from Fe(II)-induced mineral precipitation were not identified by this study, but several alternatives were discussed. A modified Monod model incorporating a lag phase, Fe(II) adsorption, and aqueous complexation reactions was able to describe the experimental results of microbial Fe(III) sub(aq) reduction and cell growth when cells were pretreated with Fe(II) sub(aq). JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Liu, C AU - Zachara, J M AU - Gorby, YA AU - Szecsody, JE AU - Brown, C F AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MSIN K8-98, Richland, Washington 99352, USA, chongxuan.liu@pnl.gov Y1 - 2001/04/01/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Apr 01 SP - 1385 EP - 1393 VL - 35 IS - 7 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - growth rate KW - growth curves KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Cell surface KW - Reduction KW - Transmission electron microscopy KW - Shewanella putrefaciens KW - Spectroscopy KW - Nutrient uptake KW - Iron KW - A 01056:Mineral microbiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17881386?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Microbial+Reduction+of+Fe%28III%29+and+Sorption%2FPrecipitation+of+Fe%28II%29+on+Shewanella+putrefaciens+Strain+CN32&rft.au=Liu%2C+C%3BZachara%2C+J+M%3BGorby%2C+YA%3BSzecsody%2C+JE%3BBrown%2C+C+F&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2001-04-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1385&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Shewanella putrefaciens; Iron; Reduction; Nutrient uptake; Transmission electron microscopy; Spectroscopy; Cell surface ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of quantitative models to design microbial transport experiments in a sandy aquifer. AN - 77023096; 11286068 AB - A suite of numerical models was applied to the problem of designing field tracer and bacterial injection experiments in a sandy surficial aquifer near Oyster, Virginia. The models were constructed based on the integration of diverse characterization data including hydrologic, geophysical, geological, geochemical, and biological information. A one-dimensional particle-tracking model was used to analyze laboratory transport experiments conducted using intact core samples to prescribe transport parameters describing solute dispersion and bacterial fate. A geostatistical model of three-dimensional hydraulic conductivity variations was developed, conditioned on in situ measurements of hydraulic conductivity and interpretations of geophysical data, and used to generate alternative aquifer descriptions. A regional-scale, two-dimensional flow model was used to design pumping rates of a forced-gradient hydraulic control system. Information from these various models was then combined into a high-resolution, three-dimensional flow and transport model for the prediction of field-scale solute and bacterial transport. Model predictions were used in an iterative experimental design process to specify: (1) the locations of multilevel samplers for monitoring transport; (2) frequency and timing of sample collection during bromide tracer injection experiments; and (3) frequency and timing of sample collection during a bacterial injection experiment. At each stage of the design, information gained during the previous stage was used to refine the model and target subsequent experimentation. JF - Ground water AU - Scheibe, T D AU - Chien, Y J AU - Radtke, J S AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA. PY - 2001 SP - 210 EP - 222 VL - 39 IS - 2 SN - 0017-467X, 0017-467X KW - Index Medicus KW - Virginia KW - Biodegradation, Environmental KW - Research Design KW - Fresh Water KW - Water Movements KW - Water Microbiology KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77023096?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+water&rft.atitle=Use+of+quantitative+models+to+design+microbial+transport+experiments+in+a+sandy+aquifer.&rft.au=Scheibe%2C+T+D%3BChien%2C+Y+J%3BRadtke%2C+J+S&rft.aulast=Scheibe&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2001-03-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=210&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+water&rft.issn=0017467X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-04-26 N1 - Date created - 2001-04-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structures and energies of AlOOH and FeOOH polymorphs from plane wave pseudopotential calculations AN - 52229803; 2001-039400 AB - Plane wave pseudopotential methods are used to investigate the structures and total energies of AlOOH and FeOOH in the five canonical oxyhydroxide structures: diaspore (goethite), boehmite (lepidocrocite), akaganeite, guyanaite, and grimaldiite. The local density approximation was used in conjunction with ultrasoft pseudopotentials in full optimizations of both AlOOH and FeOOH in each of these structures. Structures are in reasonably good agreement with experiment, with lattice parameters and bond lengths within 3% of experimental values. Neither AlOOH nor FeOOH have been identified in the grimaldiite or guyanaite structures, however we find that total energies for AlOOH and FeOOH in these structures are comparable to or lower than the total energies of the commonly observed polymorphs (with the exception of FeOOH in the grimaldiite structure, which is anomalously high energy). Estimated zero-point energy corrections do not alter this result. For diaspore and boehmite, we also provide calculations using the generalized gradient approximation and norm-conserving pseudopotentials to assess the extent to which the results depend on the particular level of theory used. We find that diaspore is predicted to have a lower energy, consistent with experimental observation, using all but one methodological combination where the generalized gradient approximation is combined with ultrasoft pseudopotentials. Thus, although one may reasonably conclude that the differences in total energies of the various (Al,Fe)oxyhydroxide polymorphs are small, current electronic structure methods do not appear to be fully capable of accurately resolving these small differences. These findings provide further confirmation that the structures of oxyhydroxide polymorphs and surface precipitates are more likely to be a function of kinetics than of intrinsic lattice stability. JF - American Mineralogist AU - Rosso, Kevin M AU - Rustad, James R Y1 - 2001/03// PY - 2001 DA - March 2001 SP - 312 EP - 317 PB - Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC VL - 86 IS - 3 SN - 0003-004X, 0003-004X KW - boehmite KW - polymorphism KW - guyanaite KW - goethite KW - akaganeite KW - grimaldiite KW - lepidocrocite KW - diaspore KW - oxides KW - free energy KW - crystal structure KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52229803?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=Structures+and+energies+of+AlOOH+and+FeOOH+polymorphs+from+plane+wave+pseudopotential+calculations&rft.au=Rosso%2C+Kevin+M%3BRustad%2C+James+R&rft.aulast=Rosso&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft.date=2001-03-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=312&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Mineralogist&rft.issn=0003004X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ammin.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 32 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AMMIAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - akaganeite; boehmite; crystal structure; diaspore; free energy; goethite; grimaldiite; guyanaite; lepidocrocite; oxides; polymorphism ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Applications of percolation theory to porous media with distributed local conductances AN - 52056494; 2002-076264 JF - Advances in Water Resources AU - Hunt, A G A2 - Blunt, Martin J. A2 - Hilpert, Markus Y1 - 2001/03// PY - 2001 DA - March 2001 SP - 279 EP - 307 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 24 IS - 3-4 SN - 0309-1708, 0309-1708 KW - electrical conductivity KW - capillary pressure KW - tortuosity KW - porous materials KW - preferential flow KW - porosity KW - ground water KW - heterogeneous materials KW - viscosity KW - percolation KW - applications KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - heterogeneity KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52056494?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.atitle=Applications+of+percolation+theory+to+porous+media+with+distributed+local+conductances&rft.au=Hunt%2C+A+G&rft.aulast=Hunt&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2001-03-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=279&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.issn=03091708&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03091708 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 61 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; capillary pressure; electrical conductivity; ground water; heterogeneity; heterogeneous materials; hydraulic conductivity; percolation; porosity; porous materials; preferential flow; tortuosity; viscosity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biotransformation of Ni-substituted hydrous ferric oxide by an Fe(III)-reducing bacterium. AN - 70839241; 11349281 AB - The reductive biotransformation of a Ni(2+)-substituted (5 mol %) hydrous ferric oxide (NiHFO) by Shewanella putrefaciens, strain CN32, was investigated under anoxic conditions at circumneutral pH. Our objectives were to define the influence of Ni2+ substitution on the bioreducibility of the HFO and the biomineralization products formed and to identify biogeochemical factors controlling the phase distribution of Ni2+ during bioreduction. Incubations with CN32 and NiHFO were sampled after 14 and 32 d, and both aqueous chemistry and solid phases were characterized. By comparison of these results with a previous study (Fredrickson, J. K.; Zachara, J. M.; Kennedy, D. W.; Dong, H.; Onstott, T. C.; Hinman, N. W.; Li, S. W. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1998, 62, 3239-3257), it was concluded that coprecipitated/sorbed Ni2+ inhibited the bioreduction of HFO through an undefined chemical mechanism. Mössbauer spectroscopy allowed analysis of the residual HFO phase and the identity and approximate mass percent of biogenic mineral phases. The presence of AQDS, a soluble electron shuttle that obviates need for cell--oxide contact, was found to counteract the inhibiting effect of Ni2+. Nickel was generally mobilized during bioreduction in a trend that correlated with final pH, except in cases where PO4(3-) was present and vivianite precipitation occurred. CN32 promoted the formation of Ni(2+)-substituted magnetite (Fe2IIIFe(1-x)IINixIIO4) in media with AQDS but without PO4(3-). The formation of this biogenic coprecipitate, however, had little discernible impact on final aqueous Ni2+ concentrations. These results demonstrate that coprecipitated Ni can inhibit dissimilatory microbial reduction of amorphous iron oxide, but the presence of humic acids may facilitate the immobilization of Ni within the crystal structure of biogenic magnetite. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Fredrickson, J K AU - Zachara, J M AU - Kukkadapu, R K AU - Gorby, Y A AU - Smith, S C AU - Brown, C F AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MSIN P7-50, Richland, Washington 99352, USA. jim.fredrickson@pnl.gov Y1 - 2001/02/15/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Feb 15 SP - 703 EP - 712 VL - 35 IS - 4 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Ferric Compounds KW - 0 KW - Humic Substances KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - ferric oxide KW - 1K09F3G675 KW - Nickel KW - 7OV03QG267 KW - Index Medicus KW - Biotransformation KW - Hypoxia KW - Humic Substances -- metabolism KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- metabolism KW - Ferric Compounds -- metabolism KW - Shewanella putrefaciens -- physiology KW - Nickel -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70839241?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Biotransformation+of+Ni-substituted+hydrous+ferric+oxide+by+an+Fe%28III%29-reducing+bacterium.&rft.au=Fredrickson%2C+J+K%3BZachara%2C+J+M%3BKukkadapu%2C+R+K%3BGorby%2C+Y+A%3BSmith%2C+S+C%3BBrown%2C+C+F&rft.aulast=Fredrickson&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-02-15&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=703&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-05-31 N1 - Date created - 2001-05-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mobility of the active site bound paraoxon and sarin in zinc-phosphotriesterase by molecular dynamics simulation and quantum chemical calculation. AN - 71024568; 11456615 AB - The kinetic data published on phosphotriesterase (PTE), with various complexed metals, clearly indicates that the P=O and P=S bonds of phosphotriester and thiophosphotriester substrates, respectively, are strongly polarized by one or both of the active site complexed metal ions. However, this observation is not consistent with the three-dimensional X-ray crystal structure of zinc-substituted PTE with active site bound substrate analogue diethyl 4-methylbenzylphosphonate. In this structure, the distance between the phosphoryl oxygen and the nearest zinc is 3.4 A, a distance too large to afford strong polarization. In the present paper, the geometry and mobility of various PTE active site-substrate complexes are examined by performing both molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and quantum mechanical calculations. Two known substrates are considered, paraoxon and sarin, although their turnover rates vary about 100-fold. The results indicate that PTE forms a complex with either substrate in which the phosphoryl oxygen becomes strongly coordinated with the less buried zinc atom. It is shown that the geometry of the active site is changed when the protein is immersed in a water bath and relaxed by MD. The most substantial conformational change is the opening of the gateway in a pocket where the location of the leaving group is expected. The opening is observed for the pure enzyme as well as for the enzyme/substrate complexes and it ranges from 11 to 18 A. It is also shown that the pockets, in which the substrate substituents are localized, exhibit different flexibility and interact with the substrate with coordinated conformational adjustments. JF - Journal of the American Chemical Society AU - Koca, J AU - Zhan, C G AU - Rittenhouse, R C AU - Ornstein, R L AD - Contribution from the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Battelle-Northwest, Environmental Technology Division, Mailstop K2-21, Richland, Washington 99352, USA. Y1 - 2001/02/07/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Feb 07 SP - 817 EP - 826 VL - 123 IS - 5 SN - 0002-7863, 0002-7863 KW - Sarin KW - B4XG72QGFM KW - Esterases KW - EC 3.1.- KW - Aryldialkylphosphatase KW - EC 3.1.8.1 KW - Paraoxon KW - Q9CX8P80JW KW - Index Medicus KW - Crystallography, X-Ray KW - Binding Sites KW - Esterases -- metabolism KW - Esterases -- chemistry KW - Sarin -- metabolism KW - Paraoxon -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71024568?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Chemical+Society&rft.atitle=Mobility+of+the+active+site+bound+paraoxon+and+sarin+in+zinc-phosphotriesterase+by+molecular+dynamics+simulation+and+quantum+chemical+calculation.&rft.au=Koca%2C+J%3BZhan%2C+C+G%3BRittenhouse%2C+R+C%3BOrnstein%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Koca&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-02-07&rft.volume=123&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=817&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Chemical+Society&rft.issn=00027863&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-08-09 N1 - Date created - 2001-07-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microscopic effects of carbonate, manganese, and strontium ions on calcite dissolution AN - 52260676; 2001-021665 AB - Aqueous dissolution of the (104) surface of calcite was observed at pH near 9 by using an atomic force microscope equipped with a fluid cell. The influences of carbonate (CO (sub 3) (super 2-) ), strontium (Sr (super 2+) ), and manganese (Mn (super 2+) ) ion concentrations on the rates of step motion were measured. Carbonate ions were shown to have a step-specific effect on calcite dissolution. At low levels (<1 mu M) of CO (sub 3) (super 2-) , the retreat rate of the more structurally open [41] (sub +) steps was faster than the retreat rate of the structurally confined [41] (sub -) steps, leading to anisotropic dissolution. Increasing the CO (sub 3) (super 2-) level to as high as 900 mu M decreased the rate of retreat of both steps, but the [41] (sub +) step was slowed to a much greater extent changing the degree of dissolution anisotropy. This decrease in step velocity at high CO (sub 3) (super 2-) levels was attributed to a corresponding increase in the back reaction (i.e., precipitation) as the solution approached saturation with respect to calcite. Strontium cations were also shown to have a step-specific effect on calcite dissolution similar to that of CO (sub 3) (super 2-) . Manganese cations, on the other hand, slowed the rate of retreat of the [41] (sub -) step to a greater extent than Sr (super 2+) . The influence of impurity metal sorption on dissolution is examined in terms of sorption at kinks and the dissolution behavior is explained in terms of a terrace-ledge-kink site-blocking model. Evidence is given to support the hypothesis that ion-pairs formed in solution are the primary growth units for calcite. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Lea, A S AU - Amonette, J E AU - Baer, D R AU - Liang, Y AU - Colton, N G Y1 - 2001/02// PY - 2001 DA - February 2001 SP - 369 EP - 379 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 65 IS - 3 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - alkaline earth metals KW - sorption KW - experimental studies KW - carbonate ion KW - mineral-water interface KW - solution KW - manganese KW - ions KW - calcite KW - laboratory studies KW - atomic force microscopy data KW - chemical reactions KW - metals KW - geochemistry KW - carbonates KW - strontium KW - pH KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52260676?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Microscopic+effects+of+carbonate%2C+manganese%2C+and+strontium+ions+on+calcite+dissolution&rft.au=Lea%2C+A+S%3BAmonette%2C+J+E%3BBaer%2C+D+R%3BLiang%2C+Y%3BColton%2C+N+G&rft.aulast=Lea&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2001-02-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=369&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2800%2900531-7 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 50 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; atomic force microscopy data; calcite; carbonate ion; carbonates; chemical reactions; experimental studies; geochemistry; ions; laboratory studies; manganese; metals; mineral-water interface; pH; solution; sorption; strontium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(00)00531-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermal and radiation stability of the hydrated salt minerals epsomite, mirabilite, and natron under Europa environmental conditions AN - 50082851; 2006-005754 AB - We report studies on the thermal and radiolytic stability of the hydrated salt minerals epsomite (MgSO (sub 4) .7H (sub 2) O), mirabilite (Na (sub 2) SO (sub 4) .10H (sub 2) O), and natron (Na (sub 2) CO (sub 3) .10H (sub 2) O) under the low-temperature and ultrahigh vacuum conditions characteristic of the surface of the Galilean satellite Europa. We prepared samples, ran temperature-programmed dehydration (TPD) profiles and irradiated the samples with electrons. The TPD profiles are fit using Arrhenius-type first-order desorption kinetics. This analysis yields activation energies of 0.90 + or - 0.10, 0.70 + or - 0.07, and 0.45 + or - 0.05 eV for removal of the hydration water for epsomite, natron, and mirabilite, respectively. A simple extrapolation indicates that at Europa surface temperatures (<130 K), epsomite should remain hydrated over geologic timescales ( approximately 10 (super 11) -10 (super 14) years), whereas natron and mirabilite may dehydrate appreciably in approximately 10 (super 8) and 10 (super 3) years, respectively. A small amount of SO (sub 2) was detected during and after 100 eV electron-beam irradiation of dehydrated epsomite and mirabilite samples, whereas products such as O (sub 2) remained below detection limits. The upper limit for the 100 eV electron-induced damage cross section of mirabilite and epsomite is approximately 10 (super -19) cm (super 2) . The overall radiolytic stability of these minerals is partially due to (1) the multiply charged nature of the sulfate anion, (2) the low probability of reversing the attractive Madelung (mostly the attractive electrostatic) potential via Auger decay, and (3) solid-state caging effects. Our laboratory results on the thermal and radiolytic stabilities of these salt minerals indicate that hydrated magnesium sulfate and perhaps other salts could exist for geologic timescales on the surface of Europa. Copyright 2001 by the American Geophysical Union. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - McCord, Thomas B AU - Orlando, Thomas M AU - Teeter, Glenn AU - Hansen, Gary B AU - Sieger, Matthew T AU - Petrik, Nikolay G AU - van Keulen, Lisa Y1 - 2001/02// PY - 2001 DA - February 2001 SP - 3311 EP - 3319 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 106 IS - E2 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - icy satellites KW - experimental studies KW - Europa Satellite KW - electron-stimulated damage/desorption KW - sulfates KW - Galileo Program KW - Jupiter KW - Galilean satellites KW - temperature KW - giant planets KW - Arrhenius-type first-order desorption kinetics KW - planets KW - laboratory studies KW - activation energy KW - absorption KW - mirabilite KW - outer planets KW - satellites KW - reflectance KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50082851?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Thermal+and+radiation+stability+of+the+hydrated+salt+minerals+epsomite%2C+mirabilite%2C+and+natron+under+Europa+environmental+conditions&rft.au=McCord%2C+Thomas+B%3BOrlando%2C+Thomas+M%3BTeeter%2C+Glenn%3BHansen%2C+Gary+B%3BSieger%2C+Matthew+T%3BPetrik%2C+Nikolay+G%3Bvan+Keulen%2C+Lisa&rft.aulast=McCord&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2001-02-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=E2&rft.spage=3311&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2000JE001282 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 44 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03407 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absorption; activation energy; Arrhenius-type first-order desorption kinetics; electron-stimulated damage/desorption; Europa Satellite; experimental studies; Galilean satellites; Galileo Program; giant planets; icy satellites; Jupiter; laboratory studies; mirabilite; outer planets; planets; reflectance; satellites; sulfates; temperature DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2000JE001282 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Life Prediction and Monitoring of Nuclear Power Plant Components for Service-Related Degradation AN - 18432159; 5412175 AB - This paper describes industry programs to manage structural degradation and to justify continued operation of nuclear components when unexpected degradation has been encountered due to design materials and/or operational problems. Other issues have been related to operation of components beyond their original design life in cases where there is no evidence of fatigue crack initiation or other forms of structural degradation. Data from plant operating experience have been applied in combination with inservice inspections and degradation management programs to ensure that the degradation mechanisms do not adversely impact plant safety. Probabilistic fracture mechanics calculations are presented to demonstrate how component failure probabilities can be managed through augmented inservice inspection programs. JF - Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology. Transactions of the ASME AU - Simonen, F A AU - Gosselin AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA Y1 - 2001/02// PY - 2001 DA - Feb 2001 SP - 58 EP - 64 VL - 123 IS - 1 SN - 0094-9930, 0094-9930 KW - fracture mechanics KW - inspection KW - pressure vessels KW - service life KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18432159?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Pressure+Vessel+Technology.+Transactions+of+the+ASME&rft.atitle=Life+Prediction+and+Monitoring+of+Nuclear+Power+Plant+Components+for+Service-Related+Degradation&rft.au=Simonen%2C+F+A%3BGosselin&rft.aulast=Simonen&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=2001-02-01&rft.volume=123&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=58&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Pressure+Vessel+Technology.+Transactions+of+the+ASME&rft.issn=00949930&rft_id=info:doi/10.1115%2F1.1344237 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1344237 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Computational approaches to nanomineralogy AN - 840344777; 2011-012017 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Rustad, James R AU - Dzwinel, Witold AU - Yuen, David A A2 - Banfield, Jillian F. A2 - Navrotsky, Alexandra Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 191 EP - 216 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 44 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - scale factor KW - numerical analysis KW - fines KW - digital simulation KW - low temperature KW - data processing KW - mineralogy KW - nanoparticles KW - minerals KW - temperature KW - 01A:General mineralogy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/840344777?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Computational+approaches+to+nanomineralogy&rft.au=Rustad%2C+James+R%3BDzwinel%2C+Witold%3BYuen%2C+David+A&rft.aulast=Rustad&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=&rft.spage=191&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Frmg.2001.44.06 L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 109 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - RMINDF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - data processing; digital simulation; fines; low temperature; mineralogy; minerals; nanoparticles; numerical analysis; scale factor; temperature DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2001.44.06 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A study of the corrosion products of mild steel in high ionic strength brines. AN - 77050273; 11300533 AB - The corrosion layer on steel surfaces that formed after exposure to waste isolation pilot plant (WIPP) brines under anoxic conditions was characterized for chemical composition, thickness and phase composition. The chemical composition of the corrosion layer was determined both by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and by chemical analysis of acid solutions used to remove the corrosion layer. Atomic force microscopic (AFM) images indicated that the brine-corroded surface layer shows extensive granulation along the contours of the steel surface that is characteristic of sharp polishing marks. The corrosion layer seemed to be porous and could be dissolved and detached in dilute hydrochloric acid. The corrosion layer appears to be composed of iron oxides with some ionic substitutions from the brines. The 77 K Mössbauer spectrum recorded for iron powder leached under similar conditions indicated the corrosion layer was comprised principally of green rust. JF - Waste management (New York, N.Y.) AU - Wang, Z AU - Moore, R C AU - Felmy, A R AU - Mason, M J AU - Kukkadapu, R K AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA. zheming.wang@pnl.gov Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 335 EP - 341 VL - 21 IS - 4 SN - 0956-053X, 0956-053X KW - Ferric Compounds KW - 0 KW - Metals KW - Radioactive Waste KW - Salts KW - brine KW - Steel KW - 12597-69-2 KW - ferric oxide KW - 1K09F3G675 KW - Hydrochloric Acid KW - QTT17582CB KW - Index Medicus KW - Spectrum Analysis KW - Corrosion KW - Microscopy, Atomic Force KW - Hydrochloric Acid -- chemistry KW - Metals -- analysis KW - Steel -- chemistry KW - Refuse Disposal -- methods KW - Ferric Compounds -- analysis KW - Ferric Compounds -- chemistry KW - Refuse Disposal -- instrumentation KW - Salts -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77050273?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Waste+management+%28New+York%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.atitle=A+study+of+the+corrosion+products+of+mild+steel+in+high+ionic+strength+brines.&rft.au=Wang%2C+Z%3BMoore%2C+R+C%3BFelmy%2C+A+R%3BMason%2C+M+J%3BKukkadapu%2C+R+K&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Z&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=335&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Waste+management+%28New+York%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.issn=0956053X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-07-26 N1 - Date created - 2001-04-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Design and evaluation of a breath-analysis system for biological monitoring of volatile compound. AN - 76984252; 11258865 AB - To ensure the health and safety of workers, integrated industrial hygiene methodologies often include biological monitoring of the workers to help understand their exposure to chemicals. To this end, a field-portable breath-analysis system was developed and tested to measure selected solvents in exhaled air. The exhaled breath data were evaluated using a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model to relate exposure to tissue dose. The system was designed to monitor workers every time they entered or left a work environment--a vast improvement over current 8-hour integrated monitoring strategies. The system combines (1) chemical dosimeters to measure airborne contaminant levels (analyzed in the field/ workplace); (2) real-time breath analysis to quantitate exposure; and 3) PBPK models to estimate internal target tissue dose. To evaluate the system, field tests were conducted at two locations: (1) at an incinerator in Tennessee monitoring benzene and toluene exposures; and (2) a waste repackaging facility in Washington State where hexane, trimethylbenzene, and methylene chloride was monitored. Exhaled breath was sampled and analyzed before and after each specific job task, which ranged from 15 min to 8 hours in duration. In both field studies several volunteers had posttask breath levels higher than pretask levels. The greatest increase corresponded to 573 ppb for methylene chloride and 60 ppb for toluene. Compared with breath analysis, the chemical dosimeters underpredicted the dosimetry, particularly for longer sampling intervals when the volume of air sampled may have diluted exposures. The results of the field studies illustrate the utility of monitoring workers for exposures throughout the day, particularly when job-specific tasks may indicate a potential for exposure. JF - AIHAJ : a journal for the science of occupational and environmental health and safety AU - Thrall, K D AU - Callahan, P J AU - Weitz, K K AU - Edwards, J A AU - Brinkman, M C AU - Kenny, D V AD - Molecular Biosciences Department, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA. karla.thrall@pnl.gov PY - 2001 SP - 28 EP - 35 VL - 62 IS - 1 SN - 1529-8663, 1529-8663 KW - Air Pollutants, Occupational KW - 0 KW - Hazardous Substances KW - Index Medicus KW - Incineration KW - Equipment Design KW - Washington KW - Humans KW - Tennessee KW - Volatilization KW - Air Pollutants, Occupational -- analysis KW - Hazardous Substances -- pharmacokinetics KW - Breath Tests -- methods KW - Breath Tests -- instrumentation KW - Occupational Exposure -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76984252?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AIHAJ+%3A+a+journal+for+the+science+of+occupational+and+environmental+health+and+safety&rft.atitle=Design+and+evaluation+of+a+breath-analysis+system+for+biological+monitoring+of+volatile+compound.&rft.au=Thrall%2C+K+D%3BCallahan%2C+P+J%3BWeitz%2C+K+K%3BEdwards%2C+J+A%3BBrinkman%2C+M+C%3BKenny%2C+D+V&rft.aulast=Thrall&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=28&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AIHAJ+%3A+a+journal+for+the+science+of+occupational+and+environmental+health+and+safety&rft.issn=15298663&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-05-31 N1 - Date created - 2001-03-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Solubilization of Fe(III) oxide-bound trace metals by a dissimilatory Fe(III) reducing bacterium AN - 52268426; 2001-013877 AB - Trace metals associate with Fe(III) oxides as adsorbed or coprecipitated species, and consequently, the biogeochemical cycles of iron and the trace metals are closely linked. This communication investigated the solubilization of coprecipitated Co(III) and Ni(II) from goethite (alpha -FeOOH) during dissimilatory bacterial iron reduction to provide insights on biogeochemical factors controlling trace-element fluxes in anoxic environments. Suspensions of homogeneously substituted Co-FeOOH (50 mmol/L as Co (sub 0.01) Fe (sub 0.99) OOH; (super 57) Co-labeled) in eight different buffer/media solutions were inoculated with a facultative, metal-reducing bacteria isolated from groundwater (Shewanella putrefacians CN32), and incubated under strictly anaerobic conditions for periods up to 32 days. Lactate (30 mmol/L) was provided as an electron donor. Growth and non-growth promoting conditions were established by adding or withholding PO (sub 4) and/or trace metals ( (super 60) Co-labeled) from the incubation media. Anthraquinone disulfonate (AQDS; 100 mu mol/L) was added to most suspensions as an electron shuttle to enhance bacterial reduction. Solutions were buffered at circumneutral pH with either PIPES or bicarbonate buffers. Solid and liquid samples were analyzed at intermediate and final time points for aqueous and sorbed/precipitated (by HCl extraction) Fe(II) and Co(II). The bioreduced solids were analyzed by X-ray diffraction and field-emission electron microscopy at experiment termination. Ni-FeOOH (Ni (sub 0.01) Fe (sub 0.99) OOH) was used for comparison in select experiments. Up to 45% of the metal containing FeOOH was bioreduced; growth-supporting conditions did not enhance reduction. The biogenic Fe(II) strongly associated with the residual Fe(III) oxide as an undefined sorbed phase at low fractional reduction in PIPES buffer, and as siderite (FeCO (sub 3) ) in bicarbonate buffer or as vivianite [Fe (sub 3) (PO (sub 4) ) (sub 2) .8H (sub 2) O] when P was present. Cobalt(III) was reduced to Co(II) in proportion to its mole ratio in the solid. The release of bioreduced Co(II) to the aqueous phase showed complex dependency on the media and buffer composition and the fractional reduction of the Co-FeOOH. In most cases Co(II) was solubilized in preference to Fe(II), but in select cases it was not. These differences were rationalized in terms of competitive adsorption reactions on the residual Fe(III) oxide surface and coprecipitation in biogenic Fe(II) solids. The bioreduced Co-FeOOH surface showed unexpectedly high sorption selectivity for the biomobilized Co(II). The bioreductive solubilization of Ni(II) from Ni-FeOOH was comparable to Co-FeOOH. Our results indicate that Fe(III)-oxide-entrained trace metals can be mobilized during bacterial iron reduction leading to a net increase, in most cases, in aqueous metal concentrations. The enhancement in trace-metal aqueous concentration, e.g., in groundwater, may proportionally exceed that of Fe(II). JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Zachara, John M AU - Fredrickson, Jim K AU - Smith, Steven C AU - Gassman, Paul L Y1 - 2001/01// PY - 2001 DA - January 2001 SP - 75 EP - 93 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 65 IS - 1 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - sorption KW - iron oxides KW - goethite KW - cobalt KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - mass spectra KW - substitution KW - Shewanella putrefaciens KW - iron KW - emission spectra KW - laboratory studies KW - ferric iron KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - reduction KW - synthesis KW - synthetic materials KW - pH KW - experimental studies KW - solubility KW - bicarbonate ion KW - geochemical cycle KW - ICP mass spectra KW - siderite KW - biogenic processes KW - nucleation KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - cations KW - anaerobic environment KW - trace metals KW - crystal chemistry KW - carbonates KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52268426?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Solubilization+of+Fe%28III%29+oxide-bound+trace+metals+by+a+dissimilatory+Fe%28III%29+reducing+bacterium&rft.au=Zachara%2C+John+M%3BFredrickson%2C+Jim+K%3BSmith%2C+Steven+C%3BGassman%2C+Paul+L&rft.aulast=Zachara&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=75&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2800%2900500-7 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 75 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 7 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendix N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anaerobic environment; bacteria; bicarbonate ion; biogenic processes; carbonates; cations; cobalt; crystal chemistry; emission spectra; experimental studies; ferric iron; geochemical cycle; goethite; ICP mass spectra; iron; iron oxides; laboratory studies; mass spectra; metals; nucleation; oxides; pH; reduction; Shewanella putrefaciens; siderite; solubility; sorption; spectra; substitution; synthesis; synthetic materials; trace metals; X-ray diffraction data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(00)00500-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Iron sulfides and sulfur species produced at hematite surfaces in the presence of sulfate-reducing bacteria AN - 52255625; 2001-018713 AB - In the presence of sulfate-reducing bacteria (Desulfovibrio desulfuricans) hematite (alpha -Fe (sub 2) O (sub 3) ) dissolution is affected potentially by a combination of enzymatic (hydrogenase) reduction and hydrogen sulfide oxidation. As a consequence, ferrous ions are free to react with excess H (sub 2) S to form insoluble ferrous sulfides. X-ray photoelectron spectra indicate binding energies similar to ferrous sulfides having pyrrhotite-like structures (Fe2p (sub 3/2) 708.4 eV; S2p (sub 3/2) 161.5 eV). Other sulfur species identified at the surface include sulfate, sulfite and polysulfides. Thin film X-ray diffraction identifies a limited number of peaks, the principal one of which may be assigned to the hexagonal pyrrhotite (102) peak (d = 2.09 Aa; 2theta = 43.22 degrees ), at the hematite surface within 3 months exposure to sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB). High-resolution transmission electron microscopy identifies the presence of a hexagonal structure associated with observed crystallites. Although none of the analytical techniques employed provide unequivocal evidence as to the nature of the ferrous sulfide formed in the presence of SRB at hematite surfaces, we conclude from the available evidence that a pyrrhotite stoichiometry and structure is the best description of the sulfides we observe. Such ferrous sulfide production is inconsistent with previous reports in which mackinawite and greigite were products of biological sulfate reduction (Rickard 1969a; Herbert et al., 1998; Benning et al., 1999). The apparent differences in stoichiometry may be related to sulfide activity at the mineral surface, controlled in part by H (sub 2) S autooxidation in the presence of iron oxides. Due to the relative stability of pyrrhotite at low temperatures, ferrous sulfide dissolution is likely to be reduced compared to the more commonly observed products of SRB activity. Additionally, biogenic pyrrhotite formation will also have implications for geomagnetic field behavior of sediments. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Neal, Andrew L AU - Techkarnjanaruk, Somkjet AU - Dohnalkova, Alice AU - McCready, David AU - Peyton, Brent M AU - Geesey, Gill G Y1 - 2001/01// PY - 2001 DA - January 2001 SP - 223 EP - 235 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 65 IS - 2 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - iron oxides KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - crystal structure KW - crystal growth KW - solution KW - iron KW - laboratory studies KW - hematite KW - Desulfovibrio KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - reduction KW - stoichiometry KW - pyrrhotite KW - geochemistry KW - experimental studies KW - sulfate ion KW - Desulfovibrio desulfuricans KW - X-ray spectra KW - TEM data KW - ferrous iron KW - biogenic processes KW - iron sulfides KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - sulfur KW - sulfides KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52255625?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Future+of+Children&rft.atitle=The+impact+of+family+formation+change+on+the+cognitive%2C+social%2C+and+emotional+well-being+of+the+next+generation&rft.au=Amato%2C+Paul+R.&rft.aulast=Amato&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=75&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Future+of+Children&rft.issn=10548289&rft_id=info:doi/10.1353%2Ffoc.2005.0012 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 103 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biogenic processes; crystal growth; crystal structure; Desulfovibrio; Desulfovibrio desulfuricans; experimental studies; ferrous iron; geochemistry; hematite; iron; iron oxides; iron sulfides; laboratory studies; metals; oxides; precipitation; pyrrhotite; reduction; solution; spectra; stoichiometry; sulfate ion; sulfides; sulfur; TEM data; X-ray diffraction data; X-ray spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(00)00537-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Size-fractionated plutonium isotopes in a coastal environment AN - 52217623; 2001-049115 JF - Journal of Environmental Radioactivity AU - Dai, M H AU - Buesseler, K O AU - Kelley, J M AU - Andrews, J E AU - Pike, S AU - Wacker, J F Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 9 EP - 25 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 53 IS - 1 SN - 0265-931X, 0265-931X KW - Pu-240/Pu-239 KW - sea water KW - isotopes KW - detection limit KW - plutonium KW - Pu-239 KW - thermal ionization mass spectra KW - mass spectra KW - techniques KW - radioactive fallout KW - radioactive isotopes KW - mass balance KW - spectra KW - depositional environment KW - colloidal materials KW - isotope ratios KW - global KW - pollution KW - measurement KW - metals KW - coastal environment KW - North Atlantic KW - Gulf of Maine KW - actinides KW - Pu-241 KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Pu-240 KW - chemical fractionation KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52217623?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Radioactivity&rft.atitle=Size-fractionated+plutonium+isotopes+in+a+coastal+environment&rft.au=Dai%2C+M+H%3BBuesseler%2C+K+O%3BKelley%2C+J+M%3BAndrews%2C+J+E%3BPike%2C+S%3BWacker%2C+J+F&rft.aulast=Dai&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=9&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Radioactivity&rft.issn=0265931X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/0265931X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; Atlantic Ocean; chemical fractionation; coastal environment; colloidal materials; depositional environment; detection limit; global; Gulf of Maine; isotope ratios; isotopes; mass balance; mass spectra; measurement; metals; North Atlantic; plutonium; pollution; Pu-239; Pu-240; Pu-240/Pu-239; Pu-241; radioactive fallout; radioactive isotopes; sea water; spectra; techniques; thermal ionization mass spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mitigation of climatic change by soil carbon sequestration; issues of science, monitoring, and degraded lands AN - 52215775; 2001-049059 JF - Advances in Agronomy AU - Izaurralde, R Cesar AU - Rosenberg, Norman J AU - Lal, Rattan A2 - Sparks, Donald L. Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 1 EP - 75 PB - Academic Press, New York, NY VL - 70 SN - 0065-2113, 0065-2113 KW - soil dynamics KW - degradation KW - biomass KW - desertification KW - bioavailability KW - simulation KW - climate change KW - carbon dioxide KW - controls KW - carbon KW - organic carbon KW - kinetics KW - soils KW - concentration KW - biodegradation KW - Plantae KW - cost-benefit analysis KW - biochemistry KW - agriculture KW - pollution KW - nutrients KW - models KW - anaerobic environment KW - land use KW - soil management KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52215775?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+Agronomy&rft.atitle=Mitigation+of+climatic+change+by+soil+carbon+sequestration%3B+issues+of+science%2C+monitoring%2C+and+degraded+lands&rft.au=Izaurralde%2C+R+Cesar%3BRosenberg%2C+Norman+J%3BLal%2C+Rattan&rft.aulast=Izaurralde&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=0120007703&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+Agronomy&rft.issn=00652113&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/bookseries/00652113 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 262 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 20 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ADAGA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agriculture; anaerobic environment; bioavailability; biochemistry; biodegradation; biomass; carbon; carbon dioxide; climate change; concentration; controls; cost-benefit analysis; degradation; desertification; kinetics; land use; models; nutrients; organic carbon; Plantae; pollution; simulation; soil dynamics; soil management; soils ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effects of forest roads and harvest on catchment hydrology in a mountainous maritime environment AN - 52211611; 2001-056984 JF - Water Science and Application AU - Bowling, Laura C AU - Lettenmaier, Dennis P Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 145 EP - 164 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2 SN - 1526-758X, 1526-758X KW - United States KW - processes KW - hydrology KW - forests KW - Washington KW - erosion KW - human activity KW - drainage KW - surface water KW - effects KW - urbanization KW - forest roads KW - mountains KW - Hard Creek KW - runoff KW - Ware Creek KW - discharge KW - land use KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52211611?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+and+Application&rft.atitle=The+effects+of+forest+roads+and+harvest+on+catchment+hydrology+in+a+mountainous+maritime+environment&rft.au=Bowling%2C+Laura+C%3BLettenmaier%2C+Dennis+P&rft.aulast=Bowling&rft.aufirst=Laura&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=145&rft.isbn=9781118665848&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+and+Application&rft.issn=1526758X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2FWS002p0145 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - AGU 1997 fall meeting; Impacts of land use on the hydrologic-geomorphic responses of watersheds I & II N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 7 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - discharge; drainage; effects; erosion; forest roads; forests; Hard Creek; human activity; hydrology; land use; mountains; processes; runoff; surface water; United States; urbanization; Ware Creek; Washington DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/WS002p0145 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sliding in Seattle; test of a model of shallow landsliding potential in an urban environment AN - 52211593; 2001-056980 JF - Water Science and Application AU - Montgomery, David R AU - Greenberg, Harvey M AU - Laprade, William T AU - Nashem, William D Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 59 EP - 73 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2 SN - 1526-758X, 1526-758X KW - United States KW - processes KW - hydrology KW - Washington KW - geologic hazards KW - human activity KW - watersheds KW - effects KW - King County Washington KW - equations KW - digital terrain models KW - urbanization KW - landslides KW - Seattle Washington KW - mass movements KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52211593?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+and+Application&rft.atitle=Sliding+in+Seattle%3B+test+of+a+model+of+shallow+landsliding+potential+in+an+urban+environment&rft.au=Montgomery%2C+David+R%3BGreenberg%2C+Harvey+M%3BLaprade%2C+William+T%3BNashem%2C+William+D&rft.aulast=Montgomery&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=59&rft.isbn=9781118665848&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+and+Application&rft.issn=1526758X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2FWS002p0059 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - AGU 1997 fall meeting; Impacts of land use on the hydrologic-geomorphic responses of watersheds I & II N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 36 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - digital terrain models; effects; equations; geologic hazards; human activity; hydrology; King County Washington; landslides; mass movements; processes; Seattle Washington; United States; urbanization; Washington; watersheds DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/WS002p0059 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - AGU 1997 fall meeting; Impacts of land use on the hydrologic-geomorphic responses of watersheds I & II AN - 52211268; 2001-056976 JF - Water Science and Application A2 - Wigmosta, Mark S. A2 - Burges, Stephen J. Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 227 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2 SN - 1526-758X, 1526-758X KW - hydrology KW - forests KW - symposia KW - human activity KW - watersheds KW - effects KW - ecosystems KW - ecology KW - urbanization KW - land use KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52211268?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+and+Application&rft.atitle=AGU+1997+fall+meeting%3B+Impacts+of+land+use+on+the+hydrologic-geomorphic+responses+of+watersheds+I+%26amp%3B+II&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0875903517&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+and+Application&rft.issn=1526758X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - AGU 1997 fall meeting; Impacts of land use on the hydrologic-geomorphic responses of watersheds I & II N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - SuppNotes - Individual papers are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ecology; ecosystems; effects; forests; human activity; hydrology; land use; symposia; urbanization; watersheds ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of the temporal and spatial impacts of timber harvesting on landslide occurrence AN - 52210670; 2001-056986 JF - Water Science and Application AU - Sidle, Roy C AU - Wu, Weimin Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 179 EP - 193 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2 SN - 1526-758X, 1526-758X KW - United States KW - processes KW - geologic hazards KW - erosion KW - human activity KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - effects KW - tree logging KW - equations KW - models KW - spatial distribution KW - Oregon KW - landslides KW - mass movements KW - land management KW - ecology KW - temporal distribution KW - land use KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52210670?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+and+Application&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+the+temporal+and+spatial+impacts+of+timber+harvesting+on+landslide+occurrence&rft.au=Sidle%2C+Roy+C%3BWu%2C+Weimin&rft.aulast=Sidle&rft.aufirst=Roy&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=179&rft.isbn=9781118665848&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+and+Application&rft.issn=1526758X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2FWS002p0179 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - AGU 1997 fall meeting; Impacts of land use on the hydrologic-geomorphic responses of watersheds I & II N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 109 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ecology; effects; equations; erosion; geologic hazards; human activity; land management; land use; landslides; mass movements; models; Monte Carlo analysis; Oregon; processes; spatial distribution; statistical analysis; temporal distribution; tree logging; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/WS002p0179 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rates of channel erosion in small urban streams AN - 52210630; 2001-056978 JF - Water Science and Application AU - Booth, Derek B AU - Henshaw, Patricia C Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 17 EP - 38 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2 SN - 1526-758X, 1526-758X KW - United States KW - processes KW - hydrology KW - Washington KW - erosion KW - human activity KW - watersheds KW - channels KW - rates KW - effects KW - urbanization KW - concepts KW - Puget Sound KW - classification KW - streams KW - geomorphology KW - water resources KW - land use KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52210630?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+and+Application&rft.atitle=Rates+of+channel+erosion+in+small+urban+streams&rft.au=Booth%2C+Derek+B%3BHenshaw%2C+Patricia+C&rft.aulast=Booth&rft.aufirst=Derek&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=9781118665848&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+and+Application&rft.issn=1526758X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2FWS002p0017 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - AGU 1997 fall meeting; Impacts of land use on the hydrologic-geomorphic responses of watersheds I & II N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 36 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - channels; classification; concepts; effects; erosion; geomorphology; human activity; hydrology; land use; processes; Puget Sound; rates; streams; United States; urbanization; Washington; water resources; watersheds DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/WS002p0017 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of urbanization on ecological processes in wetlands AN - 52210605; 2001-056977 JF - Water Science and Application AU - Thom, Ronald M AU - Borde, Amy B AU - Richter, Klaus O AU - Hibler, Lyle F Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 5 EP - 17 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2 SN - 1526-758X, 1526-758X KW - United States KW - processes KW - hydrology KW - Washington KW - human activity KW - effects KW - ecosystems KW - urbanization KW - evapotranspiration KW - ground water KW - Oregon KW - Puget Sound KW - wetlands KW - Multnomah County Oregon KW - ecology KW - water resources KW - land use KW - Portland Oregon KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52210605?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+and+Application&rft.atitle=Influence+of+urbanization+on+ecological+processes+in+wetlands&rft.au=Thom%2C+Ronald+M%3BBorde%2C+Amy+B%3BRichter%2C+Klaus+O%3BHibler%2C+Lyle+F&rft.aulast=Thom&rft.aufirst=Ronald&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=5&rft.isbn=9781118665848&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+and+Application&rft.issn=1526758X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2FWS002p0005 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - AGU 1997 fall meeting; Impacts of land use on the hydrologic-geomorphic responses of watersheds I & II N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 51 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ecology; ecosystems; effects; evapotranspiration; ground water; human activity; hydrology; land use; Multnomah County Oregon; Oregon; Portland Oregon; processes; Puget Sound; United States; urbanization; Washington; water resources; wetlands DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/WS002p0005 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development and application of simplified continuous hydrologic modeling for drainage design and analysis AN - 52210295; 2001-056979 JF - Water Science and Application AU - Jackson, C Rhett AU - Burges, Stephen J AU - Liang, Xu AU - Leytham, K Malcolm AU - Whiting, Kelly R AU - Hartley, David M AU - Crawford, Curt W AU - Johnson, Bruce N AU - Horner, Richard R Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 39 EP - 58 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2 SN - 1526-758X, 1526-758X KW - United States KW - protection KW - processes KW - hydrology KW - Washington KW - human activity KW - regulations KW - drainage KW - watersheds KW - effects KW - ecosystems KW - models KW - Puget Sound KW - runoff KW - ecology KW - water resources KW - land use KW - design KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52210295?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+and+Application&rft.atitle=Development+and+application+of+simplified+continuous+hydrologic+modeling+for+drainage+design+and+analysis&rft.au=Jackson%2C+C+Rhett%3BBurges%2C+Stephen+J%3BLiang%2C+Xu%3BLeytham%2C+K+Malcolm%3BWhiting%2C+Kelly+R%3BHartley%2C+David+M%3BCrawford%2C+Curt+W%3BJohnson%2C+Bruce+N%3BHorner%2C+Richard+R&rft.aulast=Jackson&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=39&rft.isbn=9781118665848&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+and+Application&rft.issn=1526758X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2FWS002p0039 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - AGU 1997 fall meeting; Impacts of land use on the hydrologic-geomorphic responses of watersheds I & II N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - design; drainage; ecology; ecosystems; effects; human activity; hydrology; land use; models; processes; protection; Puget Sound; regulations; runoff; United States; Washington; water resources; watersheds DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/WS002p0039 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Validation of the shallow landslide model, SHALSTAB, for forest management AN - 52210261; 2001-056987 JF - Water Science and Application AU - Dietrich, William E AU - Bellugi, Dino AU - Real de Asua, Raphael Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 195 EP - 227 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2 SN - 1526-758X, 1526-758X KW - United States KW - soils KW - processes KW - forests KW - geologic hazards KW - erosion KW - human activity KW - drainage KW - effects KW - equations KW - models KW - spatial distribution KW - Oregon KW - landslides KW - Coast Ranges KW - SHALSTAB KW - mass movements KW - land management KW - land use KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52210261?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+and+Application&rft.atitle=Validation+of+the+shallow+landslide+model%2C+SHALSTAB%2C+for+forest+management&rft.au=Dietrich%2C+William+E%3BBellugi%2C+Dino%3BReal+de+Asua%2C+Raphael&rft.aulast=Dietrich&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=195&rft.isbn=9781118665848&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+and+Application&rft.issn=1526758X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2FWS002p0195 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - AGU 1997 fall meeting; Impacts of land use on the hydrologic-geomorphic responses of watersheds I & II N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 68 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Coast Ranges; drainage; effects; equations; erosion; forests; geologic hazards; human activity; land management; land use; landslides; mass movements; models; Oregon; processes; SHALSTAB; soils; spatial distribution; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/WS002p0195 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impacts of logging on storm peak flows, flow volumes and suspended sediment loads in Caspar Creek, California AN - 52210199; 2001-056982 JF - Water Science and Application AU - Lewis, Jack AU - Mori, Sylvia R AU - Keppeler, Elizabeth T AU - Ziemer, Robert R Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 85 EP - 125 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2 SN - 1526-758X, 1526-758X KW - United States KW - processes KW - hydrology KW - bedload KW - Caspar Creek KW - erosion KW - human activity KW - surface water KW - watersheds KW - suspended materials KW - effects KW - tree logging KW - equations KW - urbanization KW - California KW - runoff KW - discharge KW - water resources KW - land use KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52210199?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+and+Application&rft.atitle=Impacts+of+logging+on+storm+peak+flows%2C+flow+volumes+and+suspended+sediment+loads+in+Caspar+Creek%2C+California&rft.au=Lewis%2C+Jack%3BMori%2C+Sylvia+R%3BKeppeler%2C+Elizabeth+T%3BZiemer%2C+Robert+R&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=Jack&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=85&rft.isbn=9781118665848&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+and+Application&rft.issn=1526758X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2FWS002p0085 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - AGU 1997 fall meeting; Impacts of land use on the hydrologic-geomorphic responses of watersheds I & II N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 57 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 13 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bedload; California; Caspar Creek; discharge; effects; equations; erosion; human activity; hydrology; land use; processes; runoff; surface water; suspended materials; tree logging; United States; urbanization; water resources; watersheds DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/WS002p0085 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simulating the effects of forest roads on watershed hydrology AN - 52209752; 2001-056983 JF - Water Science and Application AU - Wigmosta, Mark S AU - Perkins, William A Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 127 EP - 143 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2 SN - 1526-758X, 1526-758X KW - processes KW - hydrology KW - forests KW - erosion KW - human activity KW - drainage KW - watersheds KW - effects KW - equations KW - digital terrain models KW - urbanization KW - simulation KW - models KW - forest roads KW - streamflow KW - construction KW - land use KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52209752?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+and+Application&rft.atitle=Simulating+the+effects+of+forest+roads+on+watershed+hydrology&rft.au=Wigmosta%2C+Mark+S%3BPerkins%2C+William+A&rft.aulast=Wigmosta&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=127&rft.isbn=9781118665848&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+and+Application&rft.issn=1526758X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2FWS002p0127 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - AGU 1997 fall meeting; Impacts of land use on the hydrologic-geomorphic responses of watersheds I & II N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 28 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - construction; digital terrain models; drainage; effects; equations; erosion; forest roads; forests; human activity; hydrology; land use; models; processes; simulation; streamflow; urbanization; watersheds DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/WS002p0127 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Changes in hydrologic properties of aquifer media due to chemical reactions; a review AN - 52138502; 2002-023275 JF - Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology AU - Saripalli, K Prasad AU - Meyer, Philip D AU - Bacon, Diana H AU - Freedman, Vicky L Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 311 EP - 349 PB - CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL VL - 31 IS - 4 SN - 1064-3389, 1064-3389 KW - hydrology KW - hydrochemistry KW - porosity KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - models KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - precipitation KW - expansive materials KW - ion exchange KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - permeability KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52138502?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Critical+Reviews+in+Environmental+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Changes+in+hydrologic+properties+of+aquifer+media+due+to+chemical+reactions%3B+a+review&rft.au=Saripalli%2C+K+Prasad%3BMeyer%2C+Philip+D%3BBacon%2C+Diana+H%3BFreedman%2C+Vicky+L&rft.aulast=Saripalli&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=311&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Critical+Reviews+in+Environmental+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=10643389&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/10643389 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 99 N1 - PubXState - FL N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; chemical reactions; expansive materials; geochemistry; ground water; hydrochemistry; hydrology; ion exchange; kinetics; models; permeability; porosity; precipitation; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structure and reactivity of semiconducting mineral surfaces; convergence of molecular modeling and experiment AN - 52130428; 2002-028384 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Rosso, Kevin M A2 - Cygan, Randall T. A2 - Kubicki, James D. Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 199 EP - 271 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 42 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - molecular structure KW - models KW - theoretical studies KW - experimental studies KW - electrical properties KW - density KW - chemical reactions KW - crystal structure KW - molecular dynamics KW - crystal chemistry KW - energy KW - 01A:General mineralogy KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52130428?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Structure+and+reactivity+of+semiconducting+mineral+surfaces%3B+convergence+of+molecular+modeling+and+experiment&rft.au=Rosso%2C+Kevin+M&rft.aulast=Rosso&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=&rft.spage=199&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 270 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - RMINDF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical reactions; crystal chemistry; crystal structure; density; electrical properties; energy; experimental studies; models; molecular dynamics; molecular structure; theoretical studies ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A computational quantum chemical study of the bonded interactions in Earth materials and structurally and chemically related molecules AN - 52127424; 2002-028387 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Gibbs, G V AU - Boisen, Monte B, Jr AU - Beverly, Lesa L AU - Rosso, Kevin M A2 - Cygan, Randall T. A2 - Kubicki, James D. Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 345 EP - 381 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 42 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - silicates KW - experimental studies KW - quantum mechanics KW - crystal structure KW - bonding KW - molecular structure KW - models KW - theoretical studies KW - molecular dynamics KW - crystal chemistry KW - energy KW - compressibility KW - 01A:General mineralogy KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52127424?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=A+computational+quantum+chemical+study+of+the+bonded+interactions+in+Earth+materials+and+structurally+and+chemically+related+molecules&rft.au=Gibbs%2C+G+V%3BBoisen%2C+Monte+B%2C+Jr%3BBeverly%2C+Lesa+L%3BRosso%2C+Kevin+M&rft.aulast=Gibbs&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=&rft.spage=345&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 170 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - RMINDF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bonding; compressibility; crystal chemistry; crystal structure; energy; experimental studies; models; molecular dynamics; molecular structure; quantum mechanics; silicates; theoretical studies ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular models of surface relaxation, hydroxylation, and surface charging at oxide-water interfaces AN - 52126687; 2002-028383 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Rustad, James R A2 - Cygan, Randall T. A2 - Kubicki, James D. Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 169 EP - 197 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 42 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - experimental studies KW - gaseous phase KW - mineral-water interface KW - crystal structure KW - relaxation KW - molecular structure KW - laboratory studies KW - hydroxyl ion KW - mathematical methods KW - oxides KW - molecular dynamics KW - crystal chemistry KW - 01A:General mineralogy KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52126687?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Molecular+models+of+surface+relaxation%2C+hydroxylation%2C+and+surface+charging+at+oxide-water+interfaces&rft.au=Rustad%2C+James+R&rft.aulast=Rustad&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=&rft.spage=169&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 104 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - RMINDF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - crystal chemistry; crystal structure; experimental studies; gaseous phase; hydroxyl ion; laboratory studies; mathematical methods; mineral-water interface; molecular dynamics; molecular structure; oxides; relaxation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Diffusive aquifer/aquitard interaction during and after aquifer-side remediation at Dover Air Force Base, Delaware AN - 52118852; 2002-032486 AB - Vertical profiles of tetrachloroethene (or perchloroethylene, PCE) were used to explore a diffusive interaction between aquifer and aquitard during and after the aquifer-side remediation at Dover Air Force Base (DAFB), DE. The aquitard under study has been contaminated from above as a result of long-term contact with halogenated organic contaminants that were dissolved in the groundwater of the overlying aquifer. PCE distributions in the aquitard underlying the unconfined aquifer were sampled from core tubes obtained at 4 different times over the course of a 35-month field investigation within "test-cells" that were isolated from the surrounding groundwater by means of grout-sealed steel sheet pile barriers. The aquifer-side remediation during the initial 12 months of this period generated such boundary conditions at the aquifer/aquitard interface that a back diffusion of contaminants from the aquitard into the aquifer was induced. Modeling predictions of concentration changes were made on the basis of the earliest coring results and an assumption of sorption-retarded diffusion in the aquitard and advective-dispersion in the aquifer, and using laboratory information about sorption and transport characteristics of the media. The Predictions indicated substantial change in PCE concentrations within the upper aquitard (near the aquifer/aquitard interface) and the development of a "back-diffusion" profile up into the aquifer. Modeling also predicted comparatively minor profile changes in the deeper aquitard, and especially in the deep layer where sorption was strongest. All of these predicted effects were quantitatively comparable to the observations in the coring results, thus providing an evidence of the diffusive interaction between the aquifer/aquitard at this site. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Liu, Chongxuan AU - Ball, William P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 277 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 33 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - concentration KW - diffusion KW - Delaware KW - Kent County Delaware KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - tetrachloroethylene KW - aquitards KW - boundary conditions KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - models KW - Dover Air Force Base KW - organic compounds KW - decontamination KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - waste disposal KW - military facilities KW - disposal barriers KW - field studies KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52118852?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Diffusive+aquifer%2Faquitard+interaction+during+and+after+aquifer-side+remediation+at+Dover+Air+Force+Base%2C+Delaware&rft.au=Liu%2C+Chongxuan%3BBall%2C+William+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Chongxuan&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=277&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2001 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; aquitards; boundary conditions; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; decontamination; Delaware; diffusion; disposal barriers; Dover Air Force Base; field studies; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; Kent County Delaware; military facilities; models; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; remediation; tetrachloroethylene; United States; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial iron reduction potential in coastal plain sediments AN - 52115754; 2002-032505 AB - We have examined the distribution of microbial iron reduction potential in coastal plain sediments of the Delmarva Peninsula at a field site near Oyster, Virginia. The stratigraphy at the site consists of sandy shoreface sediments interfingered with back-barrier muds and peat. Several boreholes were sampled below the water table at approximately 15 cm intervals over a depth of about 6.5 m. We measured the microbial iron reduction potential (MIRP) by determining the amount of Fe(II) evolved during anaerobic incubation of the sediment in a buffered slurry containing artificial groundwater, substrate, and nutrients. We also analyzed the samples for hydraulic conductivity, grain size, organic matter, bulk density, porosity, and extractable iron (extractions included 0.5 M HCl and citrate-dithionite). We analyzed the data using multivariate statistics, neural networks, and geostatistics. Results indicate that MIRP at the site occurs primarily in sandy sediment, and does not occur in peat or mud samples. The peat and mud sediment samples had relatively high organic content but very low concentrations of extractable ferric iron. Even within the sand and muddy sand samples the distribution of positive MIRP was very heterogeneous, with 70% of the muddy sand samples and 39% of the sand samples exhibiting no activity. Examination of results from the positive samples indicate that activity was associated with coarser grain size, less clay, and higher concentrations of extractable ferric iron. Paired incubations were also performed in which the sediment was amended with artificial hydrous ferric oxide (HFO) as an electron acceptor. The incubations with added HFO indicate that although microbial iron reducers are not active in the peat and mud under current conditions, they are present and remain capable of reducing ferric iron. Because geology and geochemistry exert a strong influence on the distribution of MIRP, the microbial response is spatially continuous with a correlation range of about 1 m, similar to the range of the hydraulic conductivity and about half that of extractable ferric iron content ( approximately 2 m). We have used models of this spatial continuity to predict the hydraulic conductivity and MIRP at unsampled locations, which we plan to use as the basis for modeling reactive transport at the site. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Murray, Christopher J AU - Xie, Yu Long AU - Roden, Eric E AU - Overstreet, Ken AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 280 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 33 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - analog simulation KW - data processing KW - Northampton County Virginia KW - coastal plains KW - iron KW - ground water KW - Oyster Virginia KW - multivariate analysis KW - sediments KW - reduction KW - neural networks KW - Delmarva Peninsula KW - geochemistry KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - Virginia KW - statistical analysis KW - case studies KW - biogenic processes KW - metals KW - coastal environment KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - microorganisms KW - field studies KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52115754?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Microbial+iron+reduction+potential+in+coastal+plain+sediments&rft.au=Murray%2C+Christopher+J%3BXie%2C+Yu+Long%3BRoden%2C+Eric+E%3BOverstreet%2C+Ken%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Murray&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=280&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2001 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - analog simulation; Atlantic Coastal Plain; biogenic processes; case studies; coastal environment; coastal plains; data processing; Delmarva Peninsula; field studies; geochemistry; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; iron; metals; microorganisms; multivariate analysis; neural networks; Northampton County Virginia; Oyster Virginia; reduction; sediments; statistical analysis; United States; Virginia ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Radionuclide measurements for nuclear explosion monitoring AN - 52094200; 2002-049242 AB - The Automated Radioxenon Sampler/Analyzer (ARSA) and Radionuclide Aerosol Sampler/Analyzer (RASA) are radionuclide detection technologies developed by the Department of Energy (DOE)/National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) Program at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory for monitoring for radionuclides in the atmosphere for signs of atmospheric and underground nuclear explosions. In March 2001, the ARSA completed an 18-month field test in Freiburg, Germany, as part of the International Noble Gas Experiment (INGE). During this test, the ARSA: - made over 1,200 automated measurements of (super 131m) Xe, (super 133) Xe, (super 133m) Xe, and (super 135) Xe, - had an up time of approximately 95%, and - achieved a minimum detectable concentration of about 0.10 to 0.15 mBq/m (super 3) 3 times per day for (super 133) Xe. By measurement of the relative concentrations of the xenon isotopes, we were able to determine with high confidence that reactors were the source of the radioxenon observed during this test. Analysis of nearly 1,700 RASA samples has shown that (super 7) Be is the only radionuclide with good quality-assurance properties likely to be detected at an International Monitoring System (IMS) radionuclide analysis laboratory. Concentration of (super 7) Be in approximately 70% of samples is adequate for an effective quality assurance program. The (super 7) Be half-life, energy, and typical atmospheric concentrations allow precise and relevant follow-up laboratory measurements. These results highlight the importance of station-to-station calibration and emphasize the need for inter-laboratory comparison exercises. JF - 23rd seismic research review; Worldwide monitoring of nuclear explosions AU - Arthur, R J AU - Bowyer, Ted W AU - Hayes, J C AU - Heimbigner, T R AU - McIntyre, J I AU - Miley, H S AU - Panisko, M E Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 VL - LA-UR-01-4454 KW - United States KW - U. S. Department of Energy KW - isotopes KW - radioactivity KW - government agencies KW - international cooperation KW - radioactive isotopes KW - military geology KW - noble gases KW - Xe-135 KW - tracers KW - Xe-133 KW - nuclear explosions KW - fission KW - alkaline earth metals KW - monitoring KW - explosions KW - National Nuclear Security Administration KW - atmosphere KW - measurement KW - detection KW - metals KW - aerosols KW - instruments KW - beryllium KW - Be-7 KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52094200?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Arthur%2C+R+J%3BBowyer%2C+Ted+W%3BHayes%2C+J+C%3BHeimbigner%2C+T+R%3BMcIntyre%2C+J+I%3BMiley%2C+H+S%3BPanisko%2C+M+E&rft.aulast=Arthur&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Radionuclide+measurements+for+nuclear+explosion+monitoring&rft.title=Radionuclide+measurements+for+nuclear+explosion+monitoring&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 23rd seismic research review; Worldwide monitoring of nuclear explosions N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simulation of exposure of brines to Europa's surface AN - 52078853; 2002-061589 AB - Flash-frozen brines created under simulated Europa surface conditions to simulate exposure of ocean water. These brines show spectral features most similar to Europa hydrated material. JF - Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference AU - McCord, T B AU - Orlando, T M AU - Teeter, G AU - Hansen, G B AU - Hibbitts, C A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 EP - abstr. no. 1252 PB - Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX VL - 32 KW - hydrates KW - icy satellites KW - ocean circulation KW - experimental studies KW - endogene processes KW - Europa Satellite KW - sulfates KW - analog simulation KW - Jupiter KW - Galilean satellites KW - sodium sulfate KW - freezing KW - giant planets KW - tides KW - planets KW - laboratory studies KW - hydration KW - planetary interiors KW - brines KW - magnesium sulfate KW - outer planets KW - satellites KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52078853?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Simulation+of+exposure+of+brines+to+Europa%27s+surface&rft.au=McCord%2C+T+B%3BOrlando%2C+T+M%3BTeeter%2C+G%3BHansen%2C+G+B%3BHibbitts%2C+C+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=McCord&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Thirty-second lunar and planetary science conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX, United States N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 12 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #02179 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - analog simulation; brines; endogene processes; Europa Satellite; experimental studies; freezing; Galilean satellites; giant planets; hydrates; hydration; icy satellites; Jupiter; laboratory studies; magnesium sulfate; ocean circulation; outer planets; planetary interiors; planets; satellites; sodium sulfate; sulfates; tides ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Transport of microorganisms in the subsurface; the role of attachment and colonization of particle surfaces AN - 52058422; 2002-076388 JF - Subsurface microbiology and biogeochemistry AU - Fletcher, Madilyn AU - Murphy, Ellyn A2 - Fredrickson, James K. A2 - Fletcher, Madilyn A2 - Mitchell, Ralph Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 PB - Wiley-Liss, New York, NY SN - 047131577X KW - experimental studies KW - biochemistry KW - unsaturated zone KW - porosity KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - biogenic processes KW - transport KW - biofilms KW - bacteria KW - sediments KW - ecology KW - particles KW - microorganisms KW - field studies KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52058422?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Fletcher%2C+Madilyn%3BMurphy%2C+Ellyn&rft.aulast=Fletcher&rft.aufirst=Madilyn&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=047131577X&rft.btitle=Transport+of+microorganisms+in+the+subsurface%3B+the+role+of+attachment+and+colonization+of+particle+surfaces&rft.title=Transport+of+microorganisms+in+the+subsurface%3B+the+role+of+attachment+and+colonization+of+particle+surfaces&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 135 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Subsurface microbiology and biogeochemistry AN - 52058152; 2002-076386 JF - Subsurface microbiology and biogeochemistry A2 - Fredrickson, James K. A2 - Fletcher, Madilyn A2 - Mitchell, Ralph Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 341 PB - Wiley-Liss, New York, NY SN - 047131577X KW - underground cavities KW - biochemistry KW - bacteria KW - ecology KW - bioremediation KW - crust KW - remediation KW - microorganisms KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52058152?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=047131577X&rft.btitle=Subsurface+microbiology+and+biogeochemistry&rft.title=Subsurface+microbiology+and+biogeochemistry&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. tables, strat. col., sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Individual papers are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The use of geochemistry and the importance of sample scale in investigations of lithologically heterogeneous microbial ecosystems AN - 52057568; 2002-076392 JF - Subsurface microbiology and biogeochemistry AU - McKinley, James P A2 - Fredrickson, James K. A2 - Fletcher, Madilyn A2 - Mitchell, Ralph Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 PB - Wiley-Liss, New York, NY SN - 047131577X KW - lithostratigraphy KW - sampling KW - metabolism KW - biochemistry KW - bacteria KW - ecology KW - geochemistry KW - chemosynthesis KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52057568?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=McKinley%2C+James+P&rft.aulast=McKinley&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=047131577X&rft.btitle=The+use+of+geochemistry+and+the+importance+of+sample+scale+in+investigations+of+lithologically+heterogeneous+microbial+ecosystems&rft.title=The+use+of+geochemistry+and+the+importance+of+sample+scale+in+investigations+of+lithologically+heterogeneous+microbial+ecosystems&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 41 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. strat. col. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Reduction of iron and humics in subsurface environments AN - 52057304; 2002-076393 JF - Subsurface microbiology and biogeochemistry AU - Lovley, Derek R A2 - Fredrickson, James K. A2 - Fletcher, Madilyn A2 - Mitchell, Ralph Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 PB - Wiley-Liss, New York, NY SN - 047131577X KW - deep aquifers KW - pollutants KW - phylogeny KW - metabolism KW - pollution KW - petroleum KW - humic acids KW - bioremediation KW - iron KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - humic substances KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - ecology KW - reduction KW - chemosynthesis KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52057304?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Lovley%2C+Derek+R&rft.aulast=Lovley&rft.aufirst=Derek&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=047131577X&rft.btitle=Reduction+of+iron+and+humics+in+subsurface+environments&rft.title=Reduction+of+iron+and+humics+in+subsurface+environments&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 101 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Biogeochemical and geological significance of subsurface microbiology AN - 52057087; 2002-076387 JF - Subsurface microbiology and biogeochemistry AU - Fredrickson, James K AU - Onstott, Tullis C A2 - Fredrickson, James K. A2 - Fletcher, Madilyn A2 - Mitchell, Ralph Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 PB - Wiley-Liss, New York, NY SN - 047131577X KW - deep aquifers KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - metabolism KW - isotope ratios KW - biochemistry KW - oxidation KW - C-13/C-12 KW - O-18/O-16 KW - stable isotopes KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - biogenic processes KW - catalysis KW - sampling KW - precipitation KW - carbon KW - bacteria KW - sediments KW - ecology KW - reduction KW - chemosynthesis KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52057087?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Fredrickson%2C+James+K%3BOnstott%2C+Tullis+C&rft.aulast=Fredrickson&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=047131577X&rft.btitle=Biogeochemical+and+geological+significance+of+subsurface+microbiology&rft.title=Biogeochemical+and+geological+significance+of+subsurface+microbiology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 171 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Microbial sulfur cycling in terrestrial subsurface environments AN - 52057047; 2002-076394 JF - Subsurface microbiology and biogeochemistry AU - Grossman, Ethan L AU - Desrocher, Steven A2 - Fredrickson, James K. A2 - Fletcher, Madilyn A2 - Mitchell, Ralph Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 PB - Wiley-Liss, New York, NY SN - 047131577X KW - metabolism KW - biochemistry KW - oxidation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - bacteria KW - sediments KW - sulfur KW - ecology KW - reduction KW - geochemistry KW - chemosynthesis KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52057047?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Grossman%2C+Ethan+L%3BDesrocher%2C+Steven&rft.aulast=Grossman&rft.aufirst=Ethan&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=047131577X&rft.btitle=Microbial+sulfur+cycling+in+terrestrial+subsurface+environments&rft.title=Microbial+sulfur+cycling+in+terrestrial+subsurface+environments&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 129 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sects. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Nucleic acid analysis of subsurface microbial communities; pitfalls, possibilities, and biogeochemical implications AN - 52051891; 2002-076396 JF - Subsurface microbiology and biogeochemistry AU - Chandler, Darrell P AU - Brockman, Fred J A2 - Fredrickson, James K. A2 - Fletcher, Madilyn A2 - Mitchell, Ralph Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 PB - Wiley-Liss, New York, NY SN - 047131577X KW - methods KW - communities KW - biomass KW - metabolism KW - biochemistry KW - geochemical methods KW - bacteria KW - DNA KW - ecology KW - chemosynthesis KW - microorganisms KW - biogeochemical methods KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52051891?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Chandler%2C+Darrell+P%3BBrockman%2C+Fred+J&rft.aulast=Chandler&rft.aufirst=Darrell&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=047131577X&rft.btitle=Nucleic+acid+analysis+of+subsurface+microbial+communities%3B+pitfalls%2C+possibilities%2C+and+biogeochemical+implications&rft.title=Nucleic+acid+analysis+of+subsurface+microbial+communities%3B+pitfalls%2C+possibilities%2C+and+biogeochemical+implications&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 141 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Do superplumes select for hyperthermophiles in the deep subsurface? AN - 51991157; 2003-038168 AB - Samples were collected from South African Witwatersrand Basin Au mines across a variety of geological formations, hydrological regimes, temperatures and depths (up to 3.3 km below land surface). The microbial communities found in the subsurface fissure water reflect the source of the water, the principle terminal electron acceptor and the hydrogeological history. Bacterial populations indigenous to this system are composed of meso/thermophilic Desulfotomaculum-like gram positives and several novel, deep branching lineages. Sulfur isotopic data confirm that bacterial reduction of sulfate is a dominant electron acceptor. DNA extracts from fissure water bearing isotopic evidence of a deeper geothermal source were dominated by archaeal lineages related to known hyperthermophiles (mostly Pyrococcus sp.). The predominant archaeal clone type from the highest temperature water (60 degrees C) was 99% similar to Pyrococcus abysii. Methanogens have not been identified in the fissure water, although CH4 is a dominant gas species. Carbon isotopic analyses confirm that the CH4 is nonbiogenic in origin, but may be functioning as an electron donor. Another electron donor is H2, which is a major gas constituent in the U-rich Au mines of the northern Wits basin. 36Cl analyses constrain the minimum age of some fissure water to be between 1-3 myr. The maximum age of in situ microbial communities has been constrained by apatite fission track analyses. Modeling of a sample collected at 3.7 km indicates that the region cooled below 110-120 degrees C at 70-90 Ma. Other apatite fission track results indicate that this cooling trend follows a 90 Ma thermotectonic event that increased heat flow, initiated uplift and erosion. The response of the South African crust to the superplume may also be reflected in the deep subsurface microbial communities. Because the rock temperatures at 3.3 km were at 100 degrees C at 70 Ma, a thermal bottleneck existed that only hyperthermophilic microorganisms could have survived. The meso/thermophilic microorganisms at these depths represent more recent immigrants. To date the immigrants that have been characterized are quite novel and include a metal-reducing bacterium Thermus multireducens and an extreme alkaliphilic anaerobe Alkaliphilus transvaalensis. JF - Earth system processes AU - Onstott, T C AU - Moser, Duane P AU - Lin, Lihung AU - Takai, Ken AU - Fredrickson, Jim K AU - Brockman, Fred J AU - Pratt, Lisa AU - Sherwood-Lollar, Barbara AU - Slater, Greg AU - Hoek, Joost AU - Omar, Gomaa I AU - Kieft, Tom AU - Balkwill, David AU - Pfiffner, Susan AU - Phelps, Tommy J AU - Lippman, Johanna AU - Stute, Martin AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 90 PB - Geological Society of America and Geological Society of London KW - communities KW - Archaea KW - isotopes KW - halogens KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - stable isotopes KW - radioactive isotopes KW - carbon KW - ecology KW - South Africa KW - geochemistry KW - mantle plumes KW - Witwatersrand KW - thermophilic taxa KW - chlorine KW - biodegradation KW - superplumes KW - sulfate ion KW - methane KW - isotope ratios KW - fissures KW - Cl-36 KW - C-13/C-12 KW - alkanes KW - hydrochemistry KW - depth KW - thermal waters KW - hydrothermal conditions KW - organic compounds KW - S-34/S-32 KW - Southern Africa KW - bacteria KW - hydrocarbons KW - DNA KW - sulfur KW - Africa KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51991157?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Onstott%2C+T+C%3BMoser%2C+Duane+P%3BLin%2C+Lihung%3BTakai%2C+Ken%3BFredrickson%2C+Jim+K%3BBrockman%2C+Fred+J%3BPratt%2C+Lisa%3BSherwood-Lollar%2C+Barbara%3BSlater%2C+Greg%3BHoek%2C+Joost%3BOmar%2C+Gomaa+I%3BKieft%2C+Tom%3BBalkwill%2C+David%3BPfiffner%2C+Susan%3BPhelps%2C+Tommy+J%3BLippman%2C+Johanna%3BStute%2C+Martin%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Onstott&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Do+superplumes+select+for+hyperthermophiles+in+the+deep+subsurface%3F&rft.title=Do+superplumes+select+for+hyperthermophiles+in+the+deep+subsurface%3F&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Earth system processes N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ferrographic tracking of bacterial transport in the field at the Narrow Channel focus area, Oyster, VA AN - 51965891; 2003-053806 JF - Environmental Science & Technology, ES & T AU - Johnson, W P AU - Zhang, P AU - Fuller, M E AU - Scheibe, T D AU - Mailloux, B J AU - Onstott, T C AU - DeFlaun, M F AU - Hubbard, S S AU - Radtke, J AU - Kovacik, W P AU - Holben, W Y1 - 2001/01// PY - 2001 DA - January 2001 SP - 182 EP - 191 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 35 IS - 1 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - United States KW - water supply KW - experimental studies KW - Virginia KW - injection KW - techniques KW - Northampton County Virginia KW - South Oyster Site KW - environmental analysis KW - iron KW - ground water KW - ferrous iron KW - bioaccumulation KW - aquifers KW - physical properties KW - Oyster Virginia KW - transport KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - Delmarva Peninsula KW - unconfined aquifers KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51965891?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.atitle=Ferrographic+tracking+of+bacterial+transport+in+the+field+at+the+Narrow+Channel+focus+area%2C+Oyster%2C+VA&rft.au=Johnson%2C+W+P%3BZhang%2C+P%3BFuller%2C+M+E%3BScheibe%2C+T+D%3BMailloux%2C+B+J%3BOnstott%2C+T+C%3BDeFlaun%2C+M+F%3BHubbard%2C+S+S%3BRadtke%2C+J%3BKovacik%2C+W+P%3BHolben%2C+W&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=182&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/journals/esthag/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ESTHAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; bacteria; bioaccumulation; Delmarva Peninsula; environmental analysis; experimental studies; ferrous iron; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; injection; iron; metals; Northampton County Virginia; Oyster Virginia; physical properties; South Oyster Site; techniques; transport; unconfined aquifers; United States; Virginia; water supply ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Interaction of rock minerals with carbon dioxide and brine; a hydrothermal investigation AN - 51964272; 2003-051728 JF - First national conference on Carbon sequestration AU - Sass, Bruce M AU - Gupta, Neeraj AU - Ickes, Jennifer A AU - Engelhard, Mark H AU - Baer, Donald R AU - Bergman, Perry AU - Byrer, Charles AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 9 VL - DOE/NETL-2001/114 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - deep aquifers KW - clay mineralogy KW - sandstone KW - Mount Simon Sandstone KW - simulation KW - feasibility studies KW - Cambrian KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - anorthite KW - Upper Cambrian KW - sedimentary rocks KW - mineral composition KW - chemical reactions KW - water-rock interaction KW - mica group KW - Indiana KW - saline aquifers KW - framework silicates KW - Ohio KW - bedrock KW - plagioclase KW - sequestration KW - pressure KW - underground storage KW - Paleozoic KW - hydrothermal conditions KW - clay minerals KW - aquifers KW - glauconite KW - brines KW - underground installations KW - sheet silicates KW - feldspar group KW - clastic rocks KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51964272?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Sass%2C+Bruce+M%3BGupta%2C+Neeraj%3BIckes%2C+Jennifer+A%3BEngelhard%2C+Mark+H%3BBaer%2C+Donald+R%3BBergman%2C+Perry%3BByrer%2C+Charles%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Sass&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Interaction+of+rock+minerals+with+carbon+dioxide+and+brine%3B+a+hydrothermal+investigation&rft.title=Interaction+of+rock+minerals+with+carbon+dioxide+and+brine%3B+a+hydrothermal+investigation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.netl.doe.gov/publications/proceedings/01/carbon_seq/4a4.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - First national conference on Carbon sequestration N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - Availability - U. S. Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, United States N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Use of forced mineral trapping for sequestration of CO (sub 2) AN - 51962216; 2003-051701 JF - First national conference on Carbon sequestration AU - McGrail, B Peter AU - Saripalli, K Prasad AU - Sass, Bruce M AU - Martin, Paul F AU - Bryant, S L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 7 VL - DOE/NETL-2001/114 KW - failures KW - sequestration KW - geologic hazards KW - underground storage KW - coal seams KW - solution KW - cost KW - reservoir rocks KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - aquifers KW - oil wells KW - mineral trapping KW - chemical reactions KW - underground installations KW - risk assessment KW - waste disposal KW - geochemistry KW - minerals KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51962216?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=McGrail%2C+B+Peter%3BSaripalli%2C+K+Prasad%3BSass%2C+Bruce+M%3BMartin%2C+Paul+F%3BBryant%2C+S+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=McGrail&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Use+of+forced+mineral+trapping+for+sequestration+of+CO+%28sub+2%29&rft.title=Use+of+forced+mineral+trapping+for+sequestration+of+CO+%28sub+2%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.netl.doe.gov/publications/proceedings/01/carbon_seq/p34.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - First national conference on Carbon sequestration N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - Availability - U. S. Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, United States N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Carbon sequestration in terrestrial ecosystems; a status report on R&D progress AN - 51962190; 2003-051723 JF - First national conference on Carbon sequestration AU - Jacobs, Gary K AU - Dahlman, Roger C AU - Metting, F Blaine, Jr AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 8 VL - DOE/NETL-2001/114 KW - soils KW - terrestrial environment KW - sequestration KW - development KW - biomass KW - global change KW - ecosystems KW - research KW - cost KW - carbon dioxide KW - environmental management KW - mitigation KW - carbon KW - ecology KW - greenhouse effect KW - global warming KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51962190?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Jacobs%2C+Gary+K%3BDahlman%2C+Roger+C%3BMetting%2C+F+Blaine%2C+Jr%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Jacobs&rft.aufirst=Gary&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Carbon+sequestration+in+terrestrial+ecosystems%3B+a+status+report+on+R%26D+progress&rft.title=Carbon+sequestration+in+terrestrial+ecosystems%3B+a+status+report+on+R%26D+progress&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.netl.doe.gov/publications/proceedings/01/carbon_seq/3C1.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - First national conference on Carbon sequestration N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Availability - U. S. Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, United States N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Understanding carbon sequestration options in the United States; capabilities of a carbon management geographic information system AN - 51961078; 2003-051752 JF - First national conference on Carbon sequestration AU - Dahowski, Robert T AU - Dooley, J AU - Brown, D AU - Mizoguchi, A AU - Shiozaki, M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 10 VL - DOE/NETL-2001/114 KW - United States KW - technology KW - sequestration KW - waste disposal sites KW - atmosphere KW - mapping KW - global change KW - information management KW - data management KW - carbon dioxide KW - spatial distribution KW - mitigation KW - geographic information systems KW - information systems KW - greenhouse effect KW - storage KW - global warming KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51961078?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Dahowski%2C+Robert+T%3BDooley%2C+J%3BBrown%2C+D%3BMizoguchi%2C+A%3BShiozaki%2C+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Dahowski&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Understanding+carbon+sequestration+options+in+the+United+States%3B+capabilities+of+a+carbon+management+geographic+information+system&rft.title=Understanding+carbon+sequestration+options+in+the+United+States%3B+capabilities+of+a+carbon+management+geographic+information+system&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.netl.doe.gov/publications/proceedings/01/carbon_seq/7c3.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - First national conference on Carbon sequestration N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - Availability - U. S. Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, United States N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Summary of the Hanford Site environmental report for calendar year 2001 AN - 51959988; 2003-054843 JF - Summary of the Hanford Site environmental report for calendar year 2001 A2 - Hanf, R. W. A2 - O'Connor, G. P. A2 - Poston, T. M. Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 58 VL - PNNL-13910-SUM KW - United States KW - annual report KW - unsaturated zone KW - Grant County Washington KW - Franklin County Washington KW - ecosystems KW - vegetation KW - remediation KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - environmental management KW - waste management KW - mitigation KW - transport KW - report KW - ecology KW - Benton County Washington KW - Superfund sites KW - soils KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - effluents KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51959988?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Summary+of+the+Hanford+Site+environmental+report+for+calendar+year+2001&rft.title=Summary+of+the+Hanford+Site+environmental+report+for+calendar+year+2001&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Availability - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fundamental studies of iron oxide surface geometric and electronic structures AN - 51553488; 2006-068247 JF - LPI Contribution AU - Chambers, S A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 3102 PB - Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX VL - 1088 SN - 0161-5297, 0161-5297 KW - surface properties KW - physical properties KW - iron oxides KW - oxides KW - crystal structure KW - maghemite KW - magnetite KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51553488?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LPI+Contribution&rft.atitle=Fundamental+studies+of+iron+oxide+surface+geometric+and+electronic+structures&rft.au=Chambers%2C+S+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Chambers&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=1088&rft.issue=&rft.spage=3102&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LPI+Contribution&rft.issn=01615297&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/gold2001/pdf/3102.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on June 19, 2002 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - LPCODB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - crystal structure; iron oxides; maghemite; magnetite; oxides; physical properties; surface properties ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The proximity effect on semiconducting mineral surfaces AN - 51552373; 2006-068244 JF - LPI Contribution AU - Becker, U AU - Rosso, K M AU - Hochella, M F, Jr AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 3210 PB - Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX VL - 1088 SN - 0161-5297, 0161-5297 KW - surface properties KW - galena KW - conductivity KW - crystal structure KW - molecular dynamics KW - sulfides KW - minerals KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51552373?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LPI+Contribution&rft.atitle=The+proximity+effect+on+semiconducting+mineral+surfaces&rft.au=Becker%2C+U%3BRosso%2C+K+M%3BHochella%2C+M+F%2C+Jr%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Becker&rft.aufirst=U&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=1088&rft.issue=&rft.spage=3210&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LPI+Contribution&rft.issn=01615297&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/gold2001/pdf/3210.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on June 19, 2002 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - LPCODB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - conductivity; crystal structure; galena; minerals; molecular dynamics; sulfides; surface properties ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dissolution kinetics of sodium borosilicate glass; deviations from TST expectations AN - 51550612; 2006-068122 JF - LPI Contribution AU - Icenhower, J P AU - McGrail, B P AU - Baer, D R AU - Darab, J G AU - Shutthanandan, V AU - Thevuthasan, S AU - Engelhard, M H AU - Shuh, D K AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 3905 PB - Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX SN - 0161-5297, 0161-5297 KW - silicates KW - chemical weathering KW - alkali metals KW - sodium KW - solution KW - weathering KW - borosilicates KW - metals KW - theoretical models KW - ion exchange KW - kinetics KW - glass materials KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51550612?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LPI+Contribution&rft.atitle=Dissolution+kinetics+of+sodium+borosilicate+glass%3B+deviations+from+TST+expectations&rft.au=Icenhower%2C+J+P%3BMcGrail%2C+B+P%3BBaer%2C+D+R%3BDarab%2C+J+G%3BShutthanandan%2C+V%3BThevuthasan%2C+S%3BEngelhard%2C+M+H%3BShuh%2C+D+K%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Icenhower&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=3905&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LPI+Contribution&rft.issn=01615297&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on July 8, 2002 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-19 N1 - CODEN - LPCODB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; borosilicates; chemical weathering; glass materials; ion exchange; kinetics; metals; silicates; sodium; solution; theoretical models; weathering ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ion exchange during alteration of metamict microlite AN - 51550531; 2006-068087 JF - LPI Contribution AU - Giere, R AU - Buck, E C AU - Williams, C T AU - Reusser, E AU - Marques, J AU - Guggenheim, R AU - Mathys, D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 3497 PB - Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX SN - 0161-5297, 0161-5297 KW - alteration KW - microlite KW - pegmatite KW - igneous rocks KW - East Africa KW - pyrochlore KW - plutonic rocks KW - Mozambique KW - metals KW - metamict minerals KW - oxides KW - Africa KW - uranium KW - tantalum KW - ion exchange KW - actinides KW - zoning KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51550531?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LPI+Contribution&rft.atitle=Ion+exchange+during+alteration+of+metamict+microlite&rft.au=Giere%2C+R%3BBuck%2C+E+C%3BWilliams%2C+C+T%3BReusser%2C+E%3BMarques%2C+J%3BGuggenheim%2C+R%3BMathys%2C+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Giere&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=3497&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LPI+Contribution&rft.issn=01615297&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/gold2001/pdf/3497.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on July 3, 2002 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - LPCODB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; Africa; alteration; East Africa; igneous rocks; ion exchange; metals; metamict minerals; microlite; Mozambique; oxides; pegmatite; plutonic rocks; pyrochlore; tantalum; uranium; zoning ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Far-infrared spectra of layered double hydroxides; experimental results and molecular dynamics simulation for hydrotalcite AN - 51362068; 2007-113022 JF - LPI Contribution AU - Kirkpatrick, R James AU - Wang, Jianwei AU - Kalinichev, Andrey G AU - Hou, X AU - Amonette, James E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 EP - abstract no. 3392 PB - Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX SN - 0161-5297, 0161-5297 KW - hydroxides KW - hydrotalcite KW - experimental studies KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - molecular dynamics KW - simulation KW - carbonates KW - infrared spectra KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51362068?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LPI+Contribution&rft.atitle=Far-infrared+spectra+of+layered+double+hydroxides%3B+experimental+results+and+molecular+dynamics+simulation+for+hydrotalcite&rft.au=Kirkpatrick%2C+R+James%3BWang%2C+Jianwei%3BKalinichev%2C+Andrey+G%3BHou%2C+X%3BAmonette%2C+James+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kirkpatrick&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LPI+Contribution&rft.issn=01615297&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/gold2001/pdf/3392.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh annual V. M. Goldscmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on June 3, 2002 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - LPCODB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbonates; experimental studies; hydrotalcite; hydroxides; infrared spectra; molecular dynamics; oxides; simulation; spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coordination differences among rare earth elements coprecipitated with calcite; characterization using XAFS AN - 51353733; 2007-115484 JF - LPI Contribution AU - Elzinga, E J AU - Reeder, R J AU - Withers, S H AU - Peale, R E AU - Beck, K M AU - Hess, W P AU - Mason, R A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 EP - abstract no. 3438 PB - Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX VL - 1088 SN - 0161-5297, 0161-5297 KW - dysprosium KW - experimental studies KW - coordination KW - XAFS spectra KW - X-ray spectra KW - calcite KW - laboratory studies KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - chemical properties KW - ytterbium KW - spectra KW - samarium KW - rare earths KW - neodymium KW - carbonates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51353733?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LPI+Contribution&rft.atitle=Coordination+differences+among+rare+earth+elements+coprecipitated+with+calcite%3B+characterization+using+XAFS&rft.au=Elzinga%2C+E+J%3BReeder%2C+R+J%3BWithers%2C+S+H%3BPeale%2C+R+E%3BBeck%2C+K+M%3BHess%2C+W+P%3BMason%2C+R+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Elzinga&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=1088&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LPI+Contribution&rft.issn=01615297&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - LPCODB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - calcite; carbonates; chemical properties; coordination; dysprosium; experimental studies; laboratory studies; metals; neodymium; precipitation; rare earths; samarium; spectra; X-ray spectra; XAFS spectra; ytterbium ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Physiological responses and environmental implications of Fe(II)-induced inhibition of microbial iron reduction AN - 51348248; 2007-112982 JF - LPI Contribution AU - Gorby, Y A AU - Liu, C AU - Beveridge, T J AU - Ferris, F G AU - Zachara, J M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 EP - abstract no. 3850 PB - Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX SN - 0161-5297, 0161-5297 KW - biogenic processes KW - atomic force microscopy data KW - metals KW - physiology KW - bacteria KW - reduction KW - iron KW - environmental effects KW - microorganisms KW - ferrous iron KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51348248?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LPI+Contribution&rft.atitle=Physiological+responses+and+environmental+implications+of+Fe%28II%29-induced+inhibition+of+microbial+iron+reduction&rft.au=Gorby%2C+Y+A%3BLiu%2C+C%3BBeveridge%2C+T+J%3BFerris%2C+F+G%3BZachara%2C+J+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gorby&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LPI+Contribution&rft.issn=01615297&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/gold2001/pdf/3850.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on June 13, 2002 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - LPCODB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atomic force microscopy data; bacteria; biogenic processes; environmental effects; ferrous iron; iron; metals; microorganisms; physiology; reduction ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A comparison of procrystal and first-principles crystal electron density distributions with application to understanding the phase changes in pyroxenes AN - 50875265; 2006-068102 JF - LPI Contribution AU - Downs, R T AU - Gibbs, G V AU - Giovanni, M K AU - Boisen, M B, Jr AU - Rosso, K M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 3902 PB - Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX SN - 0161-5297, 0161-5297 KW - silicates KW - pyroxene group KW - numerical models KW - density KW - radii KW - electron density KW - phase transitions KW - bonding KW - crystal chemistry KW - chain silicates KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50875265?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LPI+Contribution&rft.atitle=A+comparison+of+procrystal+and+first-principles+crystal+electron+density+distributions+with+application+to+understanding+the+phase+changes+in+pyroxenes&rft.au=Downs%2C+R+T%3BGibbs%2C+G+V%3BGiovanni%2C+M+K%3BBoisen%2C+M+B%2C+Jr%3BRosso%2C+K+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Downs&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=3902&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LPI+Contribution&rft.issn=01615297&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/gold2001/pdf/3902.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on July 3, 2002 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - LPCODB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bonding; chain silicates; crystal chemistry; density; electron density; numerical models; phase transitions; pyroxene group; radii; silicates ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spatial and temporal patterns in erosion from forest roads AN - 50473293; 2001-056985 JF - Water Science and Application AU - Luce, Charles H AU - Black, Thomas A Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 165 EP - 178 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2 SN - 1526-758X, 1526-758X KW - processes KW - forests KW - erosion KW - human activity KW - effects KW - urbanization KW - spatial distribution KW - forest roads KW - mountains KW - temporal distribution KW - roads KW - land use KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50473293?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+and+Application&rft.atitle=Spatial+and+temporal+patterns+in+erosion+from+forest+roads&rft.au=Luce%2C+Charles+H%3BBlack%2C+Thomas+A&rft.aulast=Luce&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=165&rft.isbn=9781118665848&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+and+Application&rft.issn=1526758X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2FWS002p0165 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - AGU 1997 fall meeting; Impacts of land use on the hydrologic-geomorphic responses of watersheds I & II N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 50 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - effects; erosion; forest roads; forests; human activity; land use; mountains; processes; roads; spatial distribution; temporal distribution; urbanization DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/WS002p0165 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The deep biosphere; lessons for planetary exploration AN - 50304087; 2002-076397 JF - Subsurface microbiology and biogeochemistry AU - McKay, Christopher P A2 - Fredrickson, James K. A2 - Fletcher, Madilyn A2 - Mitchell, Ralph Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 PB - Wiley-Liss, New York, NY SN - 047131577X KW - water KW - icy satellites KW - Europa Satellite KW - biochemistry KW - hydrothermal vents KW - astrobiology KW - Mars KW - Galilean satellites KW - ground water KW - terrestrial planets KW - planets KW - extraterrestrial geology KW - bacteria KW - satellites KW - chemosynthesis KW - microorganisms KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50304087?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=McKay%2C+Christopher+P&rft.aulast=McKay&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=047131577X&rft.btitle=The+deep+biosphere%3B+lessons+for+planetary+exploration&rft.title=The+deep+biosphere%3B+lessons+for+planetary+exploration&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 45 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Diversity and activity of microorganisms in deep igneous rocks aquifers of the Fennoscandian Shield AN - 50304052; 2002-076390 JF - Subsurface microbiology and biogeochemistry AU - Pedersen, K A2 - Fredrickson, James K. A2 - Fletcher, Madilyn A2 - Mitchell, Ralph Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 PB - Wiley-Liss, New York, NY SN - 047131577X KW - deep aquifers KW - igneous rocks KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - Europe KW - ground water KW - sampling KW - ecology KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - chemosynthesis KW - biodegradation KW - biodiversity KW - methane KW - Western Europe KW - Finland KW - phylogeny KW - metabolism KW - biochemistry KW - alkanes KW - Fennoscandia KW - hydrochemistry KW - depth KW - hydrothermal conditions KW - gases KW - aquifers KW - Scandinavia KW - organic compounds KW - biogenic processes KW - boreholes KW - hydrogen KW - biosphere KW - biofilms KW - bacteria KW - hydrocarbons KW - Fennoscandian Shield KW - DNA KW - anaerobic environment KW - fossils KW - crust KW - Sweden KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50304052?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Pedersen%2C+K&rft.aulast=Pedersen&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=047131577X&rft.btitle=Diversity+and+activity+of+microorganisms+in+deep+igneous+rocks+aquifers+of+the+Fennoscandian+Shield&rft.title=Diversity+and+activity+of+microorganisms+in+deep+igneous+rocks+aquifers+of+the+Fennoscandian+Shield&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 78 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Vadose zone microbiology AN - 50301187; 2002-076391 JF - Subsurface microbiology and biogeochemistry AU - Kieft, Thomas L AU - Brockman, Fred J A2 - Fredrickson, James K. A2 - Fletcher, Madilyn A2 - Mitchell, Ralph Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 PB - Wiley-Liss, New York, NY SN - 047131577X KW - soils KW - biodiversity KW - communities KW - pollutants KW - metabolism KW - soil vapor extraction KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - Mars KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - terrestrial planets KW - planets KW - bioventing KW - transport KW - bacteria KW - sediments KW - ecology KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50301187?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Kieft%2C+Thomas+L%3BBrockman%2C+Fred+J&rft.aulast=Kieft&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=047131577X&rft.btitle=Vadose+zone+microbiology&rft.title=Vadose+zone+microbiology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 109 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Modeling the sequestration of CO (sub 2) in deep geological formations AN - 50295716; 2003-051703 JF - First national conference on Carbon sequestration AU - Saripalli, K Prasad AU - McGrail, B Peter AU - White, Mark D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 19 VL - DOE/NETL-2001/114 KW - TOUGH2 KW - technology KW - sequestration KW - numerical models KW - underground storage KW - engineering properties KW - data processing KW - reservoir rocks KW - carbon dioxide KW - aquifers KW - computer programs KW - gas injection KW - transport KW - digital simulation KW - underground installations KW - permeability KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50295716?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Saripalli%2C+K+Prasad%3BMcGrail%2C+B+Peter%3BWhite%2C+Mark+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Saripalli&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Modeling+the+sequestration+of+CO+%28sub+2%29+in+deep+geological+formations&rft.title=Modeling+the+sequestration+of+CO+%28sub+2%29+in+deep+geological+formations&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.netl.doe.gov/publications/proceedings/01/carbon_seq/p36.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - First national conference on Carbon sequestration N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 26 N1 - Availability - U. S. Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, United States N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring and Predicting Worker Risk AN - 20854120; 8802893 AB - Objectives. The purpose of this work was to identify current methods being used in the DOE Complex to measure, document, evaluate, and to ultimately reduce worker risk over the long term and to develop and evaluate a method that could be used to predict the risk to workers for future, planned work. As worker risk is reduced, the risk to both the local community and environment is also reduced. The cost to perform the work could increase as safety issues are addressed. However, the relative importance of protecting the worker while performing the required tasks must be maintained. Methods. Methods of measurement and documentation of risk and hazards to workers include the development and completion of job hazard analyses, the development of relative risk factors for different tasks, the performance of workplace safety walkthroughs, and the direct communication with the workers. All of these concepts are included in the process of integrated safety management. These have been implemented in the process used at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) (Refer to http://integratedesh.pnl.gov/links.htm) and other DOE laboratories. Safety metrics or performance measures are used to document the level of safety on each of the DOE sites. These can include items such as the total number of work-related recordable incidences, number of lost workdays, number of restricted workdays, incident case rate, number of reportable skin and personal clothing contamination incidences, number of occurrence reports, etc. Following these over time allows conclusions about which risk reduction steps make a difference. The system used by the DOE to document the accident statistics is the Computerized Accident/Incident Reporting System (CAIRS). Strengths of this type of statistical system include: 1) Data from all DOE sites are available; 2) Relative hazard weighting factors are standardized; and 3) Comparisons can be made between projects, programs, and facilities on a single site or between sites. Weaknesses include: 1) Near misses are not recorded; 2) The system does not grade within severity of injuries; 3) The system ignores proactive steps; 4) The focus is on acute accident situations, not chronic illnesses; 5) Record- keeping rules may not be consistent across the DOE Complex; and 6) Not all accidents are reported; so, some data are left out of the database. Results and Discussion. The CAIRS can also be used to predict the level of worker risk for future tasks. It has been shown that the equation used for the cost index (or relative physical hazard index) can be used for a baseline year and the level of risk in future years estimated based on labor and relative hazard risk factors. This is the preliminary model used to estimate the risk to workers on an example (real) project over the next 20 years. A more complex model has been developed using parameters such as the types of work being performed and associated work factors, types of workers, worker training and experience levels, worker\\\\\\\""s past safety records, personnel turnover rates, new technology development, and ISM system improvements. Conclusions. Conclusions from this study include: 1) Worker safety on DOE sites does appear to getting better but in some areas the data show what could be interpreted as a plateau in improvement; 2) Statistical reporting systems like CAIRS have strengths and weaknesses, which must be understood to interpret the performance indicators; 3) Behavior-based principles that increase worker involvement as part of an Integrated Safety Management System appears to enhance the process; and 4) The methodology developed to predict the risk to workers for future tasks shows promise. JF - Environmental Science and Pollution Research International AU - Kenoyer, J AU - Andrews, W B AU - Stenner, R AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA, robert.stenner@pnl.gov Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 36 EP - 44 VL - 8 IS - 1 SN - 0944-1344, 0944-1344 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Skin KW - Injuries KW - Training KW - Occupational safety KW - local communities KW - INE, USA, Pacific Northwest KW - risk reduction KW - Accidents KW - Communications KW - Standards KW - Technology KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20854120?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+and+Pollution+Research+International&rft.atitle=Monitoring+and+Predicting+Worker+Risk&rft.au=Kenoyer%2C+J%3BAndrews%2C+W+B%3BStenner%2C+R&rft.aulast=Kenoyer&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=36&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+and+Pollution+Research+International&rft.issn=09441344&rft_id=info:doi/10.1065%2Fespr2001.11.099.5 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - risk reduction; Accidents; Skin; Communications; Injuries; Training; Occupational safety; Standards; local communities; Technology; INE, USA, Pacific Northwest DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1065/espr2001.11.099.5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Overview of the burnup credit activities of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development/Nuclear Energy Agency (OECD/NEA) AN - 18315014; 5364394 AB - This article summarises activities of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development/Nuclear Energy Agency (OECD/NEA) Expert Group on Burnup Credit Criticality, a subordinate group to the Working Party on Nuclear Criticality Safety (WPNCS). The WPNCS of the OECD/NEA coordinates and carries out work in the domain of criticality safety at the international level. Particular attention is devoted to establishing sound databases required in this area and to addressing issues of high relevance such as burnup credit. The activities of the expert group are aimed toward improving safety and identifying economic solutions to issues concerning the back-end of the fuel cycle. The main objective of the activities of the OECD/NEA Expert Group on Burnup Credit Criticality is to demonstrate that the available criticality safety calculational tools are appropriate for application to irradiated (burned) nuclear fuel systems and that a reasonable safety margin can be established. The method established by the expert group for investigating the physics and predictability of burnup credit is based on the specification and comparison of calculational benchmark problems. A wide range of fuel types, including PWR, BWR, MOX, and VVER fuels, has been or is being addressed by the expert group. The objective and status of each of these benchmark problems is reviewed in this article. It is important to note that the focus of the expert group is the comparison of the results submitted by each participant to assess the capability of commonly used code systems, not to quantify the physical phenomena investigated in the comparisons or to make recommendations for licensing action. JF - International Journal of Radioactive Materials Transport AU - Raap, MCB AU - Nomura, Y AU - Sartori, E AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, Washington, 99352, USA, Michaele.bradyraap@pnl.gov Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 213 EP - 224 VL - 12 IS - 4 SN - 0957-476X, 0957-476X KW - licensing KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Management KW - Hazardous materials KW - Nuclear fuels KW - Economics KW - Radioactive materials KW - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18315014?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Radioactive+Materials+Transport&rft.atitle=Overview+of+the+burnup+credit+activities+of+the+Organization+for+Economic+Cooperation+and+Development%2FNuclear+Energy+Agency+%28OECD%2FNEA%29&rft.au=Raap%2C+MCB%3BNomura%2C+Y%3BSartori%2C+E&rft.aulast=Raap&rft.aufirst=MCB&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=213&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Radioactive+Materials+Transport&rft.issn=0957476X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hazardous materials; Radioactive materials; Management; Economics; Nuclear fuels ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An innovative method to determine percutaneous absorption: Real-time breath analysis and physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling AN - 18256295; 5316285 AB - A breath-inlet device was developed that connects a human subject directly with an ion-trap mass spectrometer system (MS/MS) to provide a continuous, real-time analysis of the individual chemical components in the expired air. In operation, a human volunteer exhales through a one-way breathing valve via a large-diameter tube into a heated glass mixing chamber (3 L volume). The MS/MS, equipped with an atmospheric sampling glow discharge ion source (ASGDI), continually draws samples from the mixing chamber for analysis as often as every 1-2 s. Excess exhaled air is vented from the mixing chamber through a large borehole with negligible flow restriction. Since the subject is directly coupled with the analytical system, there is no sample collection device to alter the integrity of the sample. The human breath-inlet device has been modified to allow for the analysis of exhaled air from experimental animals. The ASGDI-MS/MS technique can simultaneously monitor for a number of volatile organic compounds directly from the exhaled air matrix by performing chemical ionization in air, thus eliminating the preconcentration step that normally precedes exhaled air analysis by GC/MS. This analytical method of detection yields sensitivities on the order of 1-10 parts per billion (ppb) for many of the commonly encountered volatile compounds. Gordon et al. give an example of occupational monitoring using the breath-inlet device. JF - Journal of Toxicology: Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology AU - Thrall, K D AU - Poet, T S AU - Corley, R A AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 513 EP - 521 VL - 20 IS - 4 SN - 0731-3829, 0731-3829 KW - man KW - animals KW - pharmacokinetics KW - breath analysis KW - percutaneous absorption KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Bioaccumulation KW - Skin KW - Volatiles KW - Respiration KW - Air KW - Organic compounds KW - Mass spectroscopy KW - Occupational exposure KW - X 24222:Analytical procedures UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18256295?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Toxicology%3A+Cutaneous+and+Ocular+Toxicology&rft.atitle=An+innovative+method+to+determine+percutaneous+absorption%3A+Real-time+breath+analysis+and+physiologically+based+pharmacokinetic+modeling&rft.au=Thrall%2C+K+D%3BPoet%2C+T+S%3BCorley%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Thrall&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=513&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Toxicology%3A+Cutaneous+and+Ocular+Toxicology&rft.issn=07313829&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Occupational exposure; Volatiles; Organic compounds; Respiration; Air; Mass spectroscopy; Skin; Bioaccumulation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inverse reactive transport simulator (INVERTS): an inverse model for contaminant transport with nonlinear adsorption and source terms AN - 18217074; 5290967 AB - A numerically based simulator was developed to assist in the interpretation of complex laboratory experiments examining transport processes of chemical and biological contaminants subject to nonlinear adsorption and/or source terms. The inversion is performed with any of three nonlinear regression methods, Marquardt-Levenberg, conjugate gradient, or quasi-Newton. The governing equations for the problem are solved by the method of finite-differences including any combination of three boundary conditions: 1) Dirichlet, 2) Neumann, and 3) Cauchy. The dispersive terms in the transport equations were solved using the second-order accurate in time and space Crank-Nicolson scheme, while the advective terms were handled using a third-order in time and space, total variation diminishing (TVD) scheme that damps spurious oscillations around sharp concentration fronts. The numerical algorithms were implemented in the computer code INVERTS, which runs on any standard personal computer. Apart from a comprehensive set of test problems, INVERTS was also used to model the elution of a nonradioactive tracer, super(185)Re, in a pressurized unsaturated flow (PUF) experiment with a simulated waste glass for low-activity waste immobilization. Interpretation of the elution profile was best described with a nonlinear kinetic model for adsorption. JF - Environmental Modelling & Software with Environment Data News AU - McGrail, B P AD - Applied Geology and Geochemistry Department, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA, pete.mcgrail@pnl.gov Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 711 EP - 723 VL - 16 IS - 8 SN - 1364-8152, 1364-8152 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Laboratory testing KW - Pollution dispersion KW - Adsorption KW - Simulation KW - Chemical pollution KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18217074?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Modelling+%26+Software+with+Environment+Data+News&rft.atitle=Inverse+reactive+transport+simulator+%28INVERTS%29%3A+an+inverse+model+for+contaminant+transport+with+nonlinear+adsorption+and+source+terms&rft.au=McGrail%2C+B+P&rft.aulast=McGrail&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=711&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Modelling+%26+Software+with+Environment+Data+News&rft.issn=13648152&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pollution dispersion; Adsorption; Laboratory testing; Chemical pollution; Simulation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Striking a New Deal on Climate Change AN - 18216584; 5285663 AB - The Bonn Accord has given the United States the leverage to rewrite its short-term obligations and to lead the way to a long-term energy revolution. JF - Issues in Science and Technology AU - Benedick, R E AD - Joint Global Change Research Institute of the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory and the University of Maryland, USA, richard.benedick@pnl.gov Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 71 EP - 76 VL - 18 IS - 1 SN - 0748-5492, 0748-5492 KW - Bonn Accord KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Climatic changes KW - Emission control KW - Energy consumption KW - International agreements KW - USA KW - Climate and politics KW - Climate and energy resources KW - Pollution control KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18216584?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Issues+in+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Striking+a+New+Deal+on+Climate+Change&rft.au=Benedick%2C+R+E&rft.aulast=Benedick&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=71&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Issues+in+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=07485492&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; International agreements; Climatic changes; Energy consumption; Emission control; Pollution control; Climate and politics; Climate and energy resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Aircraft observations of aerosols, O sub(3) and NO sub(y) in a nighttime urban plume AN - 18072275; 5139728 AB - Nighttime measurements of aerosol surface area, O sub(3), NO sub(y) and moisture were made downwind of Portland, Oregon, as part of a study to characterize the chemistry in a nocturnal urban plume. Air parcels sampled within the urban plume soon after sunset had positive correlations between O sub(3), relative humidity, NO sub(y) and aerosol number density. However, the air parcels sampled within the urban plume just before dawn had O sub(3) mixing ratios that were highly anti-correlated with aerosol number density, NO sub(y) and relative humidity. Back-trajectories from a mesoscale model show that both the post-sunset and pre-dawn parcels came from a common maritime source to the northwest of Portland. The pre-dawn parcels with strong anti-correlations passed directly over Portland in contrast to the other parcels that were found to pass west of Portland. Several gas-phase mechanisms and a heterogeneous mechanism involving the loss of O sub(3) to the aerosol surface, are examined to explain the observed depletion in O sub(3) within the pre-dawn parcels that had passed over Portland. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Berkowitz, C M AU - Zaveri, R A AU - Bian, X AU - Zhong, S AU - Disselkamp, R S AU - Laulainen, N S AU - Chapman, E G AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MSIN K9-30, P.O. 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA, carl.berkowitz@pnl.gov Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 2395 EP - 2404 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 35 IS - 13 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Aerosols KW - USA, Oregon, Portland KW - Humidity KW - Nitrogen oxides KW - Aircraft KW - Atmospheric chemistry KW - Plumes KW - Urban areas KW - Ozone KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18072275?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Evaluating+the+potential+for+offsite+migration+of+contaminants+through+the+upper+basalt+aquifer+system+in+the+southern+part+of+the+Hanford+Site%2C+Washington&rft.au=Thorne%2C+Paul+D%3BNewcomer%2C+Darrell+R%3BLiikala%2C+Terry+L%3BThornton%2C+Edward+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Thorne&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=531&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA, Oregon, Portland; Aerosols; Ozone; Plumes; Urban areas; Aircraft; Humidity; Nitrogen oxides; Atmospheric chemistry ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Improvements in modeling sagebrush concentrations of radioiodine released from the Hanford site AN - 17871089; 5121403 AB - The Hanford Environmental Dose Reconstruction Project estimated the radiation dose to individuals from historical emissions of radioactive materials from the Hanford Site in Washington State. Project validation studies using predicted activity concentrations of super(131)I on sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata) showed a systematic underestimation against historical data during cold weather months, indicating a need for sagebrush model improvement. A deposition model for semi-volatile organic materials presented by Komp and McLachlen is adapted here for gaseous iodine onto sagebrush. The deposition model includes a temperature-dependent term based on an integrated van't Hoff equation. Calibration data for the model are obtained from a release of super(131)I in 1963. Modeling results for releases in 1946 show a good match between historical data and predicted results using the new model. The new model shows improvement over interception-fraction type models, but requires plant-type-specific calibration data. JF - Journal of Environmental Radioactivity AU - Napier, BA AU - Eslinger, P W AU - Nichols, W E AU - Anderlini, L AD - Battelle Memorial Institute, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, WA 99352, USA, bruce.napier@pnl.gov Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 377 EP - 389 VL - 54 IS - 3 SN - 0265-931X, 0265-931X KW - Artemisia tridentata KW - USA, Hanford Site KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Gases KW - Bioaccumulation KW - Plants KW - Iodine KW - Radioactivity KW - P 8000:RADIATION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17871089?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Radioactivity&rft.atitle=Improvements+in+modeling+sagebrush+concentrations+of+radioiodine+released+from+the+Hanford+site&rft.au=Napier%2C+BA%3BEslinger%2C+P+W%3BNichols%2C+W+E%3BAnderlini%2C+L&rft.aulast=Napier&rft.aufirst=BA&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=377&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Radioactivity&rft.issn=0265931X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Iodine; Plants; Bioaccumulation; Pollution monitoring; Gases; Radioactivity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ferrate Treatment for Removing Chromium from High-Level Radioactive Tank Waste AN - 17812992; 4847825 AB - A method has been developed for removing chromium from alkaline high-level radioactive tank waste. Removing chromium from these wastes is critical in reducing the volume of waste requiring expensive immobilization and deep geologic disposition. The method developed is based on the oxidation of insoluble chromium(III) compounds to soluble chromate using ferrate. This method could be generally applicable to removing chromium from chromium-contaminated solids, when coupled with a subsequent reduction of the separated chromate back to chromium(III). The tests conducted with a simulated Hanford tank sludge indicate that the chromium removal with ferrate is more efficient at 5 M NaOH than at 3 M NaOH. Chromium removal increases with increasing Fe(VI)/Cr(III) molar ratio, but the chromium removal tends to level out for Fe(VI)/Cr(III) greater than 10. Increasing temperature leads to better chromium removal, but higher temperatures also led to more rapid ferrate decomposition. Tests with radioactive Hanford tank waste generally confirmed the simulant results. In all cases examined, ferrate enhanced the chromium removal, with a typical removal of around 60-70% of the total chromium present in the washed sludge solids. The ferrate leachate solutions did not contain significant concentrations of transuranic elements, so these solutions could be disposed as low-activity waste. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Sylvester, P AU - Rutherford, LA Jr AU - Gonzalez-Martin, A AU - Kim, J AU - Rapko, B M AU - Lumetta, G J AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MSIN P7-25, Richland, WA 99352, USA, gregg.lumetta@pnl.gov Y1 - 2001/01// PY - 2001 DA - Jan 2001 SP - 216 EP - 221 VL - 35 IS - 1 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Chromium Radioisotopes KW - Radioactive Wastes KW - Chromium KW - Radioactive wastes KW - Solid Wastes KW - Iron Compounds KW - Performance Evaluation KW - Oxidation KW - Iron compounds KW - Sludge treatment KW - Individual wastes) KW - Solid wastes (see also Scrap KW - Hazardous wastes KW - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety KW - P 8000:RADIATION KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17812992?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Ferrate+Treatment+for+Removing+Chromium+from+High-Level+Radioactive+Tank+Waste&rft.au=Sylvester%2C+P%3BRutherford%2C+LA+Jr%3BGonzalez-Martin%2C+A%3BKim%2C+J%3BRapko%2C+B+M%3BLumetta%2C+G+J&rft.aulast=Sylvester&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=216&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chromium; Oxidation; Radioactive wastes; Sludge treatment; Hazardous wastes; Iron compounds; Individual wastes); Solid wastes (see also Scrap; Chromium Radioisotopes; Iron Compounds; Radioactive Wastes; Performance Evaluation; Solid Wastes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Extraction chromatographic separations and analysis of actinides using sequential injection techniques with on-line inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) AN - 1777466395; 2016-027273 AB - A sequential injection (Sl) separation system has been developed for separation and analysis of Am, Pu and Np isotopes using on-line ICP-MS. The technique addresses isobaric, molecular and spectral interferences encountered. The effects of reductive sample treatment on the extent of U matrix removal were investigated. Separation factors as high as 3.0 X 10 (super 5) can be achieved at 0.1 mg/ml U levels using Fe(II) sulphamate as reductant. Results are given for the analysis of Am, Pu and Np isotopes in a dissolved vitrified nuclear waste sample. JF - Analyst (London) AU - Egorov, Oleg B AU - O'Hara, Matthew J AU - Farmer, Orville T, III AU - Grate, Jay W Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 SP - 1594 EP - 1601 PB - The Chemical Society, Cambridge VL - 126 IS - 9 SN - 0003-2654, 0003-2654 KW - methods KW - chromatography KW - neptunium KW - inductively coupled plasma methods KW - isotopes KW - plutonium KW - separation KW - injection KW - extraction chromatography KW - curium KW - radioactive waste KW - detection KW - metals KW - sequential injection KW - americium KW - uranium KW - samarium KW - rare earths KW - waste disposal KW - spectroscopy KW - actinides KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1777466395?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analyst+%28London%29&rft.atitle=Extraction+chromatographic+separations+and+analysis+of+actinides+using+sequential+injection+techniques+with+on-line+inductively+coupled+plasma+mass+spectrometry+%28ICP-MS%29&rft.au=Egorov%2C+Oleg+B%3BO%27Hara%2C+Matthew+J%3BFarmer%2C+Orville+T%2C+III%3BGrate%2C+Jay+W&rft.aulast=Egorov&rft.aufirst=Oleg&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=126&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1594&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analyst+%28London%29&rft.issn=00032654&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fb009842f LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-01 N1 - CODEN - ANALAO N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; americium; chromatography; curium; detection; extraction chromatography; inductively coupled plasma methods; injection; isotopes; metals; methods; neptunium; plutonium; radioactive waste; rare earths; samarium; separation; sequential injection; spectroscopy; uranium; waste disposal DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b009842f ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Effectiveness of strobe lights and an infrasound device for eliciting avoidance by juvenile salmon AN - 16159115; 5715097 AB - Our primary objectives were to videotape and characterize vertical responses of juvenile salmon to strobe light and infrasound in controlled tests in a net pen that was 4-m long and 1.5-m in diameter. Experiments were conducted near the Hiram M. Chittenden Locks, Seattle, in spring and summer, 1997, for the U.S. Army Engineer District, Portland. Four underwater video cameras mounted on the perimeter of the vertically oriented net pen were used to record responses of schools of juvenile salmon during test and control treatments. When strobe lights were tested within 1 m of the pen, the frequency of avoidance by hatchery-reared juvenile coho Oncorhynchus kisutch and chinook O. tshawytscha salmon was 80-100%. Fish usually moved toward the top of the pen in response to strobe light directed either horizontally or 45 degree upward into the bottom section of the pen. In contrast, fish did not respond to strobe light directed straight up through the bottom of the pen. A particle-motion generator consisting of a high-volume pump and rotary valve produced 10-35 Hz infrasounds that failed to elicit avoidance from hatchery yearling coho and sub-yearling coho and chinook salmon. JF - American Fisheries Society Symposium AU - Ploskey, G R AU - Johnson, P N A2 - Coutant, CC (ed) Y1 - 2001///0, PY - 2001 DA - 0, 2001 SP - 20 EP - 56 PB - American Fisheries Society, 5410 Grosvenor Ln. Ste. 110 Bethesda MD 20814-2199 USA SN - 1888569247 KW - Chinook salmon KW - Coho salmon KW - Deterrence measures KW - Fish guidance KW - Infrasound KW - Net pens KW - Redistribution KW - Stocked fish KW - Strobe lights KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts KW - Underwater noise KW - Schooling behaviour KW - Anadromous species KW - Avoidance reactions KW - Cultured organisms KW - Freshwater KW - Freshwater fish KW - Organism aggregations KW - Oncorhynchus tshawytscha KW - Behavioural responses KW - Orientation behaviour KW - Water column KW - Electric generators KW - Lakes KW - Living resources KW - Fishery management KW - Videotape recordings KW - Juveniles KW - Vertical distribution KW - Underwater cameras KW - Ambient noise KW - Cages KW - Light effects KW - Salmon fisheries KW - USA, Washington, Seattle, Washington L., Hiram M. Chittenden Locks KW - Lighting systems KW - Nature conservation KW - Oncorhynchus kisutch KW - Noise (sound) KW - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation KW - Q2 09202:Methods and instruments KW - Q1 08423:Behaviour KW - O 1080:Multi-disciplinary Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16159115?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Aquatic+Science+%26+Fisheries+Abstracts+%28ASFA%29+3%3A+Aquatic+Pollution+%26+Environmental+Quality&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Ploskey%2C+G+R%3BJohnson%2C+P+N&rft.aulast=Ploskey&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=37&rft.isbn=1888569247&rft.btitle=Effectiveness+of+strobe+lights+and+an+infrasound+device+for+eliciting+avoidance+by+juvenile+salmon&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Evaluation of infrasound and strobe lights for eliciting avoidance behavior in juvenile salmon and char AN - 16156966; 5715130 AB - Laboratory tests were conducted using juvenile chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis, and rainbow trout O. mykiss to determine specific behavior responses to infrasound (<20 Hz) and flashing strobe lights. The objective of these tests was to determine if juvenile salmonids could be deterred from entrainment at water diversion structures. Caged fish were acclimated in a static test tank and their behavior was recorded using low light cameras. Species-specific behavior was characterized by measuring movements of the fish within the cage and by observing startle and habituation responses. Wild chinook salmon (40-45 mm TL) and hatchery reared chinook salmon (45-50 mm TL) exhibited avoidance responses when initially exposed to a 10-Hz volume displacement source of infrasound. Rainbow and eastern brook trout (25-100 mm TL) did not respond with avoidance or other behaviors to infrasound. Evidence of habituation to the infrasound source was evident for chinook salmon during repeated exposures. Wild and hatchery chinook displayed a higher proportion of movement during the initial exposures to infrasound when the acclimation period in the test tank was 2-3 h as compared with a 12-15 h acclimation period. A flashing strobe light produced consistent movement in wild chinook salmon (60% of the tests), hatchery reared chinook salmon (50%), and rainbow trout (80%). No measurable responses were observed for brook trout. Results indicate that consistent, repeatable responses can be elicited from some fish using high-intensity strobe lights under a controlled laboratory testing. The species specific behaviors observed in these experiments might be used to predict how fish might react to low-frequency sound and strobe lights in a screening facility. JF - American Fisheries Society Symposium AU - Mueller, R P AU - Neitzel, DA AU - Amidan, B G A2 - Coutant, CC (ed) Y1 - 2001///0, PY - 2001 DA - 0, 2001 SP - 11 EP - 89 PB - American Fisheries Society, 5410 Grosvenor Ln. Ste. 110 Bethesda MD 20814-2199 USA SN - 1888569247 KW - Brook trout KW - Char KW - Chinook salmon KW - Controlled conditions KW - Deterrence measure KW - Entrainment prevention KW - Fish guidance KW - Flashing strobe lights KW - Infrasound KW - Rainbow trout KW - Redistribution KW - Strobe lights KW - Water diversion structures KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts KW - Salvelinus fontinalis KW - Underwater noise KW - Schooling behaviour KW - Anadromous species KW - Avoidance reactions KW - Freshwater KW - Organism aggregations KW - Freshwater fish KW - Oncorhynchus tshawytscha KW - Behavioural responses KW - Water column KW - Orientation behaviour KW - Lakes KW - Fishery management KW - Vertical distribution KW - Juveniles KW - Light intensity KW - Oncorhynchus mykiss KW - Ambient noise KW - Cages KW - Light effects KW - Salmon fisheries KW - Screens KW - Lighting systems KW - Nature conservation KW - Noise (sound) KW - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation KW - Q2 09201:General KW - Q1 08423:Behaviour KW - O 1080:Multi-disciplinary Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16156966?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Aquatic+Science+%26+Fisheries+Abstracts+%28ASFA%29+3%3A+Aquatic+Pollution+%26+Environmental+Quality&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Mueller%2C+R+P%3BNeitzel%2C+DA%3BAmidan%2C+B+G&rft.aulast=Mueller&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=79&rft.isbn=1888569247&rft.btitle=Evaluation+of+infrasound+and+strobe+lights+for+eliciting+avoidance+behavior+in+juvenile+salmon+and+char&rft.title=Evaluation+of+infrasound+and+strobe+lights+for+eliciting+avoidance+behavior+in+juvenile+salmon+and+char&rft.issn=08922284&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biogeochemical processes controlling metal ion fluxes from Fe(III) oxides during reductive phase transformations AN - 1015461763; 2012-048293 JF - LPI Contribution AU - Zachara, J M AU - Fredrickson, J K AU - Smith, S C AU - Kukkadapu, R K AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 EP - abstr. 3794 PB - Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX SN - 0161-5297, 0161-5297 KW - iron oxides KW - cobalt KW - isotopes KW - Shewanella putrefaciens KW - ions KW - Shewanella KW - iron KW - ferrous iron KW - biogenic processes KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - tracers KW - nickel KW - oxides KW - reduction KW - transformations KW - microorganisms KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1015461763?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LPI+Contribution&rft.atitle=Biogeochemical+processes+controlling+metal+ion+fluxes+from+Fe%28III%29+oxides+during+reductive+phase+transformations&rft.au=Zachara%2C+J+M%3BFredrickson%2C+J+K%3BSmith%2C+S+C%3BKukkadapu%2C+R+K%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zachara&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LPI+Contribution&rft.issn=01615297&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/gold2001/pdf/3794.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on June 24, 2002 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - LPCODB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biogenic processes; cobalt; ferrous iron; ions; iron; iron oxides; isotopes; metals; microorganisms; nickel; oxides; radioactive isotopes; reduction; Shewanella; Shewanella putrefaciens; tracers; transformations; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of the field exchange capacity of Hanford sediments with implications for (super 137) Cs migration AN - 1015460195; 2012-048297 JF - LPI Contribution AU - Steefel, C I AU - Carroll, S A AU - Yabusaki, S B AU - Lichtner, P C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001 PY - 2001 DA - 2001 EP - abstr. 3750 PB - Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX SN - 0161-5297, 0161-5297 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - leaking underground storage tanks KW - experimental studies KW - Washington KW - cation exchange capacity KW - isotopes KW - alkali metals KW - Hanford Site KW - migration of elements KW - adsorption KW - simulation KW - radioactive isotopes KW - Cs-137 KW - cesium KW - transport KW - metals KW - sediments KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1015460195?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LPI+Contribution&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+the+field+exchange+capacity+of+Hanford+sediments+with+implications+for+%28super+137%29+Cs+migration&rft.au=Steefel%2C+C+I%3BCarroll%2C+S+A%3BYabusaki%2C+S+B%3BLichtner%2C+P+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Steefel&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LPI+Contribution&rft.issn=01615297&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/gold2001/pdf/3750.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on June 24, 2002 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - LPCODB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; alkali metals; cation exchange capacity; cesium; Cs-137; experimental studies; Hanford Site; isotopes; leaking underground storage tanks; metals; migration of elements; radioactive isotopes; sediments; simulation; solute transport; transport; United States; Washington ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - DNAPL characterization using short-lived radiotracers in partitioning interwell tracer tests AN - 39226291; 3523618 AU - Gauglitz, P A AU - Pope, G A AU - Zemel, B AU - Cameron, R J Y1 - 2000/12/31/ PY - 2000 DA - 2000 Dec 31 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39226291?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=DNAPL+characterization+using+short-lived+radiotracers+in+partitioning+interwell+tracer+tests&rft.au=Gauglitz%2C+P+A%3BPope%2C+G+A%3BZemel%2C+B%3BCameron%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Gauglitz&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2000-12-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Battelle Press, ; phone: 1-800-451-3543; fax: 614-424-3819; email: press@battelle.org; URL: www.battelle.org/bookstore N1 - Last updated - 2011-10-26 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Trichloroethene reductive dehalogenase from Dehalococcoides ethenogenes: sequence of tceA and substrate range characterization. AN - 72432540; 11097881 AB - The anaerobic bacterium Dehalococcoides ethenogenes is the only known organism that can completely dechlorinate tetrachloroethene or trichloroethene (TCE) to ethene via dehalorespiration. One of two corrinoid-containing enzymes responsible for this pathway, TCE reductive dehalogenase (TCE-RDase) catalyzes the dechlorination of TCE to ethene. TCE-RDase dehalogenated 1,2-dichloroethane and 1, 2-dibromoethane to ethene at rates of 7.5 and 30 micromol/min/mg, respectively, similar to the rates for TCE, cis-dichloroethene (DCE), and 1,1-DCE. A variety of other haloalkanes and haloalkenes containing three to five carbon atoms were dehalogenated at lower rates. The gene encoding TCE-RDase, tceA, was cloned and sequenced via an inverse PCR approach. Sequence comparisons of tceA to proteins in the public databases revealed weak sequence similarity confined to the C-terminal region, which contains the eight-iron ferredoxin cluster binding motif, (CXXCXXCXXXCP)(2). Direct N-terminal sequencing of the mature enzyme indicated that the first 42 amino acids constitute a signal sequence containing the twin-arginine motif, RRXFXK, associated with the Sec-independent membrane translocation system. This information coupled with membrane localization studies indicated that TCE-RDase is located on the exterior of the cytoplasmic membrane. Like the case for the two other RDases that have been cloned and sequenced, a small open reading frame, tceB, is proposed to be involved with membrane association of TCE-RDase and is predicted to be cotranscribed with tceA. JF - Applied and environmental microbiology AU - Magnuson, J K AU - Romine, M F AU - Burris, D R AU - Kingsley, M T AD - Battelle/Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA. jon.magnuson@pnl.gov Y1 - 2000/12// PY - 2000 DA - December 2000 SP - 5141 EP - 5147 VL - 66 IS - 12 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - DNA Primers KW - 0 KW - Hydrocarbons, Halogenated KW - Oxidoreductases KW - EC 1.- KW - tetrachloroethene dehalogenase KW - Hydrolases KW - EC 3.- KW - Index Medicus KW - Membranes -- enzymology KW - Base Sequence KW - DNA Primers -- genetics KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Hydrocarbons, Halogenated -- metabolism KW - Biodegradation, Environmental KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Substrate Specificity KW - Sequence Homology, Amino Acid KW - Genes, Bacterial KW - Bacteria, Anaerobic -- enzymology KW - Hydrolases -- metabolism KW - Hydrolases -- genetics KW - Bacteria, Anaerobic -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72432540?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+environmental+microbiology&rft.atitle=Trichloroethene+reductive+dehalogenase+from+Dehalococcoides+ethenogenes%3A+sequence+of+tceA+and+substrate+range+characterization.&rft.au=Magnuson%2C+J+K%3BRomine%2C+M+F%3BBurris%2C+D+R%3BKingsley%2C+M+T&rft.aulast=Magnuson&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2000-12-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=5141&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+environmental+microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-02-15 N1 - Date created - 2001-02-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Genetic sequence - AF228507; GENBANK N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Appl Environ Microbiol. 1998 Apr;64(4):1270-5 [10671186] J Biol Chem. 1999 Jul 16;274(29):20287-92 [10400648] Biochim Biophys Acta. 1975 Mar 25;415(1):29-79 [1091302] J Mol Biol. 1982 May 5;157(1):105-32 [7108955] Nucleic Acids Res. 1988 Aug 25;16(16):8186 [3047679] Biochemistry. 1990 Jul 10;29(27):6419-27 [2207083] Appl Environ Microbiol. 1991 Aug;57(8):2287-92 [1768101] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1992 May 29;185(1):443-51 [1599483] Appl Environ Microbiol. 1992 Jun;58(6):1996-2000 [1622277] Int J Syst Bacteriol. 1994 Oct;44(4):612-9 [7981092] Arch Microbiol. 1994;162(4):295-301 [7802545] Biodegradation. 1995 Jun;6(2):167-72 [7772942] J Bacteriol. 1995 Sep;177(17):5135-9 [7665493] Arch Microbiol. 1996 Feb;165(2):132-40 [8593100] Mol Microbiol. 1996 Nov;22(3):393-404 [8939424] J Bacteriol. 1997 Jan;179(1):90-6 [8981984] Science. 1997 Jun 6;276(5318):1568-71 [9171062] Protein Eng. 1997 Jun;10(6):673-6 [9278280] Arch Microbiol. 1998 Apr;169(4):313-21 [9531632] Arch Microbiol. 1998 Jun;169(6):497-502 [9575235] J Bacteriol. 1998 Aug;180(16):4140-5 [9696761] J Bacteriol. 1998 Sep;180(18):4765-74 [9733676] Prog Biophys Mol Biol. 1998;70(2):95-136 [9785959] Appl Environ Microbiol. 1999 Jul;65(7):3108-13 [10388710] Nature. 1970 Aug 15;227(5259):680-5 [5432063] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determining parameters of lognormal distributions from minimal information. AN - 72521766; 11192223 AB - The lognormal distribution has a number of properties that do not lend themselves to simple "back-of-the-envelope" calculations. Mathematical relationships are presented for the basic parameters of the large population lognormal distribution as a function of characteristics available to, or needed by, the risk analyst. A freeware computer program called LOGNORM4 has been written to take the tedium out of determining various characteristics of lognormal distributions, given 1 of 15 sets of values that uniquely specify a lognormal distribution. JF - AIHAJ : a journal for the science of occupational and environmental health and safety AU - Strom, D J AU - Stansbury, P S AD - Risk Analysis and Health Protection Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA. daniel.j.strom@pnl.gov PY - 2000 SP - 877 EP - 880 VL - 61 IS - 6 SN - 1529-8663, 1529-8663 KW - Hazardous Substances KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Software KW - Humans KW - Risk Assessment KW - Models, Theoretical KW - Environmental Health -- statistics & numerical data KW - Data Interpretation, Statistical KW - Hazardous Substances -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72521766?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AIHAJ+%3A+a+journal+for+the+science+of+occupational+and+environmental+health+and+safety&rft.atitle=Determining+parameters+of+lognormal+distributions+from+minimal+information.&rft.au=Strom%2C+D+J%3BStansbury%2C+P+S&rft.aulast=Strom&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2000-11-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=877&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AIHAJ+%3A+a+journal+for+the+science+of+occupational+and+environmental+health+and+safety&rft.issn=15298663&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-03-22 N1 - Date created - 2001-01-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An aqueous thermodynamic model for the Pb (super 2+) -Na (super +) -K (super +) -Ca (super 2+) -Mg (super 2+) -H (super +) -Cl (super -) -SO (sub 4) (super 2-) -H (sub 2) O system to high concentration; application to WIPP brines AN - 52291525; 2001-002964 AB - The development of an aqueous thermodynamic model for the Pb (super 2+) -Na (super +) -K (super +) -Ca (super 2+) -Mg (super 2+) -Cl (super -) -SO (sub 4) (super 2-) -H (sub 2) O system is presented, which is valid to high ionic strengths at 25 degrees C. The model is based on the equations of Pitzer and has been parameterized from existing solubility, osmotic, electromotive force (emf), and spectroscopic data. To accurately represent the aqueous thermodynamics of Pb (super 2+) in concentrated chloride containing solutions required the inclusion of four Pb chloride species (i.e., PbCl (super +) , PbCl (sub 2) (aq), PbCl (sub 3) (super -) , and PbCl (sub 4) (super 2-) ) along with the necessary Pitzer ion interaction parameters for these species with the major electrolyte ions. The reliability of the final equilibrium model is tested against experimental solubility data on PbCl (sub 2) (c) and PbSO (sub 4) (c) in high ionic strength Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) brines obtained as part of this study. On an overall basis the model accurately predicted the aqueous speciation, based on comparisons with our UV-Vis spectroscopy measurements, as well as the observed solubility. The model also proved satisfactory in predicting the observed solid phase assemblages, with the possible exception of those found in solutions high in KCl. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Felmy, Andrew R AU - Onishi, Lisa M AU - Foster, Nancy S AU - Rustad, James R AU - Rai, Dhanpat AU - Mason, Marvin J Y1 - 2000/11// PY - 2000 DA - November 2000 SP - 3615 EP - 3628 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 64 IS - 21 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - United States KW - calcium KW - magnesium KW - Eddy County New Mexico KW - halogens KW - lead KW - New Mexico KW - aqueous solutions KW - laboratory studies KW - chemical reactions KW - phase equilibria KW - chloride ion KW - Waste Isolation Pilot Plant KW - thermodynamic properties KW - geochemistry KW - water KW - osmosis KW - chlorine KW - concentration KW - alkaline earth metals KW - experimental studies KW - sulfate ion KW - alkali metals KW - electrolytes KW - solubility KW - sodium KW - hydrochemistry KW - metals KW - hydrogen KW - brines KW - potassium KW - theoretical models KW - waste disposal KW - chemical fractionation KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52291525?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=An+aqueous+thermodynamic+model+for+the+Pb+%28super+2%2B%29+-Na+%28super+%2B%29+-K+%28super+%2B%29+-Ca+%28super+2%2B%29+-Mg+%28super+2%2B%29+-H+%28super+%2B%29+-Cl+%28super+-%29+-SO+%28sub+4%29+%28super+2-%29+-H+%28sub+2%29+O+system+to+high+concentration%3B+application+to+WIPP+brines&rft.au=Felmy%2C+Andrew+R%3BOnishi%2C+Lisa+M%3BFoster%2C+Nancy+S%3BRustad%2C+James+R%3BRai%2C+Dhanpat%3BMason%2C+Marvin+J&rft.aulast=Felmy&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2000-11-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=3615&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2800%2900454-3 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 28 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; alkaline earth metals; aqueous solutions; brines; calcium; chemical fractionation; chemical reactions; chloride ion; chlorine; concentration; Eddy County New Mexico; electrolytes; experimental studies; geochemistry; halogens; hydrochemistry; hydrogen; laboratory studies; lead; magnesium; metals; New Mexico; osmosis; phase equilibria; potassium; sodium; solubility; sulfate ion; theoretical models; thermodynamic properties; United States; waste disposal; Waste Isolation Pilot Plant; water DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(00)00454-3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Pacific decadal oscillation and long-term climate prediction AN - 52266868; 2001-012480 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Hunt, A G AU - Tsonis, A A Y1 - 2000/11// PY - 2000 DA - November 2000 SP - 581 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 81 IS - 48 SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - decadal variations KW - prediction KW - global change KW - anomalies KW - environmental analysis KW - climate change KW - El Nino Southern Oscillation KW - North Pacific KW - El Nino KW - Pacific Ocean KW - periodicity KW - sea-surface temperature KW - climate KW - global warming KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52266868?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=The+Pacific+decadal+oscillation+and+long-term+climate+prediction&rft.au=Hunt%2C+A+G%3BTsonis%2C+A+A&rft.aulast=Hunt&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2000-11-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=48&rft.spage=581&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anomalies; climate; climate change; decadal variations; El Nino; El Nino Southern Oscillation; environmental analysis; global change; global warming; North Pacific; Pacific Ocean; periodicity; prediction; sea-surface temperature ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reactive transport using the lattice Boltzmann method AN - 52064397; 2002-072002 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Rector, David R AU - Fort, James A AU - McGrail, Bernard Peter AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000/11// PY - 2000 DA - November 2000 SP - 414 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 81 IS - 48, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - Washington KW - contaminant plumes KW - reclamation KW - data processing KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - Grant County Washington KW - Franklin County Washington KW - environmental analysis KW - porosity KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - models KW - transport KW - Benton County Washington KW - Superfund sites KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52064397?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Reactive+transport+using+the+lattice+Boltzmann+method&rft.au=Rector%2C+David+R%3BFort%2C+James+A%3BMcGrail%2C+Bernard+Peter%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Rector&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2000-11-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=48%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=414&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2000 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; Benton County Washington; contaminant plumes; data processing; environmental analysis; Franklin County Washington; Grant County Washington; ground water; Hanford Site; models; pollution; porosity; reclamation; remediation; Superfund sites; transport; United States; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Subsurface interpretation of the SX Tank Farm, Hanford Site, Washington, based on gamma-ray logging AN - 52063380; 2002-071996 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Sobczyk, Stanley M AU - Serne, R Jeffrey AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000/11// PY - 2000 DA - November 2000 SP - 412 EP - 413 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 81 IS - 48, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - contaminant plumes KW - isotopes KW - well-logging KW - Grant County Washington KW - Franklin County Washington KW - environmental analysis KW - ground water KW - radioactive isotopes KW - cesium KW - transport KW - Benton County Washington KW - Superfund sites KW - soils KW - leaking underground storage tanks KW - Washington KW - gamma-ray methods KW - chemical dispersion KW - alkali metals KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - aquifers KW - Cs-137 KW - metals KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52063380?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Subsurface+interpretation+of+the+SX+Tank+Farm%2C+Hanford+Site%2C+Washington%2C+based+on+gamma-ray+logging&rft.au=Sobczyk%2C+Stanley+M%3BSerne%2C+R+Jeffrey%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Sobczyk&rft.aufirst=Stanley&rft.date=2000-11-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=48%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=412&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2000 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; aquifers; Benton County Washington; cesium; chemical dispersion; contaminant plumes; Cs-137; environmental analysis; Franklin County Washington; gamma-ray methods; Grant County Washington; ground water; Hanford Site; isotopes; leaking underground storage tanks; metals; pollution; radioactive isotopes; soils; Superfund sites; transport; United States; Washington; well-logging ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Borehole geophysical evaluation techniques for the identification of subtle vadose zone stratigraphy in support of vadose moisture/contaminant transport and modeling, Hanford Site 200 West area, Richland, Washington AN - 52063160; 2002-071992 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Williams, Bruce A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000/11// PY - 2000 DA - November 2000 SP - 412 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 81 IS - 48, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - Washington KW - numerical models KW - contaminant plumes KW - well-logging KW - unsaturated zone KW - Richland Washington KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - environmental analysis KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - boreholes KW - transport KW - Benton County Washington KW - Superfund sites KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52063160?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Borehole+geophysical+evaluation+techniques+for+the+identification+of+subtle+vadose+zone+stratigraphy+in+support+of+vadose+moisture%2Fcontaminant+transport+and+modeling%2C+Hanford+Site+200+West+area%2C+Richland%2C+Washington&rft.au=Williams%2C+Bruce+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rft.date=2000-11-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=48%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=412&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2000 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; Benton County Washington; boreholes; contaminant plumes; environmental analysis; ground water; Hanford Site; numerical models; pollution; Richland Washington; Superfund sites; transport; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington; well-logging ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transient inverse calibration of a site wide groundwater flow model to the effects of waste management operations at the Hanford Site, 1943 to present AN - 52063062; 2002-072042 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Cole, Charles R AU - Orr, Shlomo AU - Bergeron, Marcel P AU - Wurstner, Signe K AU - Thorne, Paul D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000/11// PY - 2000 DA - November 2000 SP - 426 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 81 IS - 48, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - Washington KW - contaminant plumes KW - waste water KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - Grant County Washington KW - Franklin County Washington KW - environmental analysis KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - models KW - waste management KW - hydraulic head KW - transport KW - hydrodynamics KW - Benton County Washington KW - waste disposal KW - Superfund sites KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52063062?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Transient+inverse+calibration+of+a+site+wide+groundwater+flow+model+to+the+effects+of+waste+management+operations+at+the+Hanford+Site%2C+1943+to+present&rft.au=Cole%2C+Charles+R%3BOrr%2C+Shlomo%3BBergeron%2C+Marcel+P%3BWurstner%2C+Signe+K%3BThorne%2C+Paul+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Cole&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=2000-11-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=48%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=426&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2000 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; Benton County Washington; contaminant plumes; environmental analysis; Franklin County Washington; Grant County Washington; ground water; Hanford Site; hydraulic head; hydrodynamics; models; pollution; radioactive waste; Superfund sites; transport; United States; Washington; waste disposal; waste management; waste water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Preliminary results of flow and transport modeling at the 241-S-SX tank farms, Hanford Site AN - 52062640; 2002-071999 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Khaleel, Raziuddin AU - Rogers, Phillip M AU - White, Mark D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000/11// PY - 2000 DA - November 2000 SP - 413 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 81 IS - 48, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - soils KW - leaking underground storage tanks KW - Washington KW - contaminant plumes KW - isotopes KW - alkali metals KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - Grant County Washington KW - Franklin County Washington KW - environmental analysis KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - radioactive isotopes KW - Cs-137 KW - cesium KW - transport KW - metals KW - Benton County Washington KW - waste disposal KW - Superfund sites KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52062640?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Preliminary+results+of+flow+and+transport+modeling+at+the+241-S-SX+tank+farms%2C+Hanford+Site&rft.au=Khaleel%2C+Raziuddin%3BRogers%2C+Phillip+M%3BWhite%2C+Mark+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Khaleel&rft.aufirst=Raziuddin&rft.date=2000-11-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=48%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=413&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2000 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; aquifers; Benton County Washington; cesium; contaminant plumes; Cs-137; environmental analysis; Franklin County Washington; Grant County Washington; ground water; Hanford Site; isotopes; leaking underground storage tanks; metals; pollution; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; soils; Superfund sites; transport; United States; Washington; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Incorporating the effect of fluid constitution on surface tension and equilibrium contact angle into predictions of hypersaline fluid migration in unsaturated soils AN - 52062611; 2002-071986 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Ward, Anderson L AU - White, Mark D AU - Gee, Glendon W AU - Selker, John S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000/11// PY - 2000 DA - November 2000 SP - 411 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 81 IS - 48, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - Washington KW - numerical models KW - contaminant plumes KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - Grant County Washington KW - Franklin County Washington KW - environmental analysis KW - models KW - transport KW - Benton County Washington KW - thermodynamic properties KW - Superfund sites KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52062611?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Incorporating+the+effect+of+fluid+constitution+on+surface+tension+and+equilibrium+contact+angle+into+predictions+of+hypersaline+fluid+migration+in+unsaturated+soils&rft.au=Ward%2C+Anderson+L%3BWhite%2C+Mark+D%3BGee%2C+Glendon+W%3BSelker%2C+John+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ward&rft.aufirst=Anderson&rft.date=2000-11-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=48%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=411&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2000 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Benton County Washington; contaminant plumes; environmental analysis; Franklin County Washington; Grant County Washington; Hanford Site; models; numerical models; pollution; solute transport; Superfund sites; thermodynamic properties; transport; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Vadose zone impact assessment for the 241-S-SX tank farms; conceptual models and approach AN - 52062523; 2002-071998 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Rogers, Phillip M AU - Khaleel, Raziuddin AU - Cole, Charles R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000/11// PY - 2000 DA - November 2000 SP - 413 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 81 IS - 48, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - soils KW - leaking underground storage tanks KW - Washington KW - contaminant plumes KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - Grant County Washington KW - Franklin County Washington KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - models KW - mitigation KW - transport KW - Benton County Washington KW - waste disposal KW - Superfund sites KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52062523?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Vadose+zone+impact+assessment+for+the+241-S-SX+tank+farms%3B+conceptual+models+and+approach&rft.au=Rogers%2C+Phillip+M%3BKhaleel%2C+Raziuddin%3BCole%2C+Charles+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Rogers&rft.aufirst=Phillip&rft.date=2000-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=621&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2000 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; Benton County Washington; contaminant plumes; environmental analysis; Franklin County Washington; Grant County Washington; ground water; Hanford Site; leaking underground storage tanks; mitigation; models; pollution; radioactive waste; remediation; soils; Superfund sites; transport; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of rate-limited sorption on uranium mobility in unsaturated silt-textured sediments AN - 52059640; 2002-072007 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Kaplan, Daniel I AU - Gamerdinger, Amy P AU - Serne, R Jeffrey AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000/11// PY - 2000 DA - November 2000 SP - 415 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 81 IS - 48, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - sorption KW - contaminant plumes KW - unsaturated zone KW - Grant County Washington KW - Franklin County Washington KW - environmental analysis KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - centrifuge methods KW - transport KW - sediments KW - Benton County Washington KW - Superfund sites KW - Washington KW - clastic sediments KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - silt KW - models KW - metals KW - uranium KW - mobilization KW - waste disposal KW - actinides KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52059640?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Effect+of+rate-limited+sorption+on+uranium+mobility+in+unsaturated+silt-textured+sediments&rft.au=Kaplan%2C+Daniel+I%3BGamerdinger%2C+Amy+P%3BSerne%2C+R+Jeffrey%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kaplan&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2000-11-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=48%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=415&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2000 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; Benton County Washington; centrifuge methods; clastic sediments; contaminant plumes; environmental analysis; Franklin County Washington; Grant County Washington; ground water; Hanford Site; metals; mobilization; models; pollution; radioactive waste; sediments; silt; sorption; Superfund sites; transport; United States; unsaturated zone; uranium; Washington; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrogeological measurements and hydrofacies models of clastic dikes at the Hanford Site, southcentral Washington AN - 52059592; 2002-071991 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Fayer, Michael J AU - Murray, Chris J AU - Horton, Duane G AU - Long, Philip D AU - Gee, Glendon W AU - Ward, Anderson L AU - Wilson, John AU - Clement, William AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000/11// PY - 2000 DA - November 2000 SP - 412 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 81 IS - 48, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - leaking underground storage tanks KW - Washington KW - contaminant plumes KW - dye tracers KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - Grant County Washington KW - Franklin County Washington KW - environmental analysis KW - clastic dikes KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - soft sediment deformation KW - transport KW - Benton County Washington KW - sedimentary structures KW - unconfined aquifers KW - Superfund sites KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52059592?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Hydrogeological+measurements+and+hydrofacies+models+of+clastic+dikes+at+the+Hanford+Site%2C+southcentral+Washington&rft.au=Fayer%2C+Michael+J%3BMurray%2C+Chris+J%3BHorton%2C+Duane+G%3BLong%2C+Philip+D%3BGee%2C+Glendon+W%3BWard%2C+Anderson+L%3BWilson%2C+John%3BClement%2C+William%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Fayer&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2000-11-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=48%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=412&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2000 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; Benton County Washington; clastic dikes; contaminant plumes; dye tracers; environmental analysis; Franklin County Washington; Grant County Washington; ground water; Hanford Site; leaking underground storage tanks; pollution; sedimentary structures; soft sediment deformation; Superfund sites; transport; unconfined aquifers; United States; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of existing and site-specific pedotransfer functions to predict hydraulic properties for Hanford Site sediments AN - 52059562; 2002-071990 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Schaap, Marcel G AU - Meyer, Philip D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000/11// PY - 2000 DA - November 2000 SP - 411 EP - 412 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 81 IS - 48, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - soils KW - leaking underground storage tanks KW - Washington KW - Hanford Site KW - Grant County Washington KW - Franklin County Washington KW - environmental analysis KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - transport KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - Benton County Washington KW - Superfund sites KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52059562?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Ocean+Drilling+Program%2C+Part+A%3A+Initial+Reports&rft.atitle=Leg+204+summary&rft.au=Trehu%2C+Anne+M%3BBohrmann%2C+Gerhard%3BRack%2C+Frank+R%3BTorres%2C+Marta+E%3BBangs%2C+Nathan+L%3BBarr%2C+Samantha+R%3BBorowski%2C+Walter+S%3BClaypool%2C+George+E%3BCollett%2C+Timothy+S%3BDelwiche%2C+Mark+E%3BDickens%2C+Gerald+R%3BGoldberg%2C+David+S%3BGracia%2C+Eulalia%3BGuerin%2C+Gilles%3BHolland%2C+Melanie%3BJohnson%2C+Joel+E%3BLee%2C+Young-Joo%3BLiu%2C+Char-Shine%3BLong%2C+Philip+E%3BMilkov%2C+Alexei+V+%28Aleksei+V%29%3BRiedel%2C+Michael%3BSchultheiss%2C+Peter%3BSu%2C+Xin%3BTeichert%2C+Barbara%3BTomaru%2C+Hitoshi%3BVanneste%2C+Maarten%3BWatanabe%2C+Mahito%3BWeinberger%2C+Jill+L&rft.aulast=Trehu&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=204&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Ocean+Drilling+Program%2C+Part+A%3A+Initial+Reports&rft.issn=0884-5883&rft_id=info:doi/10.2973%2Fodp.proc.ir.204.101.2003 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2000 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; Benton County Washington; environmental analysis; Franklin County Washington; Grant County Washington; ground water; Hanford Site; hydraulic conductivity; leaking underground storage tanks; soils; Superfund sites; transport; United States; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spatial heterogeneity of microbial iron reduction potential at the South Oyster focus area, Virginia AN - 51958881; 2003-056372 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Murray, Christopher J AU - Roden, Eric E AU - Overstreet, Kenneth AU - Chien, Yi-Ju AU - Chen, Jinsong AU - Hubbard, Susan AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000/11// PY - 2000 DA - November 2000 SP - 182 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 81 IS - 48, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - geophysical surveys KW - isotopes KW - Northampton County Virginia KW - iron KW - remediation KW - spatial distribution KW - ferric iron KW - Oyster Virginia KW - radioactive isotopes KW - sediments KW - reduction KW - heterogeneity KW - Eh KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - Virginia KW - pollutants KW - geophysical methods KW - radar methods KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - seismic methods KW - ferrous iron KW - boreholes KW - metals KW - surveys KW - lagoonal environment KW - microorganisms KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51958881?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Spatial+heterogeneity+of+microbial+iron+reduction+potential+at+the+South+Oyster+focus+area%2C+Virginia&rft.au=Murray%2C+Christopher+J%3BRoden%2C+Eric+E%3BOverstreet%2C+Kenneth%3BChien%2C+Yi-Ju%3BChen%2C+Jinsong%3BHubbard%2C+Susan%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Murray&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2000-11-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=48%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=182&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2000 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atlantic Coastal Plain; bioremediation; boreholes; Eh; ferric iron; ferrous iron; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; heterogeneity; iron; isotopes; lagoonal environment; metals; microorganisms; Northampton County Virginia; Oyster Virginia; pollutants; pollution; radar methods; radioactive isotopes; reduction; remediation; sediments; seismic methods; spatial distribution; surveys; United States; Virginia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Deriving hydrofacies from lithofacies at the Oyster Virginia experimental site AN - 51958710; 2003-056382 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Swift, Donald J P AU - Green, Maria AU - Chen, Jinsong AU - Hubbard, Susan AU - Majer, Ernest L AU - Murray, Christopher J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000/11// PY - 2000 DA - November 2000 SP - 184 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 81 IS - 48, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - tomography KW - geophysical surveys KW - Northampton County Virginia KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - upper Pleistocene KW - Cenozoic KW - Oyster Virginia KW - transport KW - Yorktown Formation KW - sediments KW - sorting KW - hydrofacies KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - granulometry KW - sand KW - experimental studies KW - Virginia KW - Quaternary KW - clastic sediments KW - radar methods KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - aquifers KW - models KW - peat KW - lithofacies KW - Tertiary KW - boreholes KW - Neogene KW - bacteria KW - surveys KW - Pliocene KW - Pleistocene KW - Wachapreague Formation KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - permeability KW - field studies KW - facies KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51958710?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Deriving+hydrofacies+from+lithofacies+at+the+Oyster+Virginia+experimental+site&rft.au=Swift%2C+Donald+J+P%3BGreen%2C+Maria%3BChen%2C+Jinsong%3BHubbard%2C+Susan%3BMajer%2C+Ernest+L%3BMurray%2C+Christopher+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Swift&rft.aufirst=Donald+J&rft.date=2000-11-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=48%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=184&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2000 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; Atlantic Coastal Plain; bacteria; bioremediation; boreholes; Cenozoic; clastic sediments; experimental studies; facies; field studies; geophysical surveys; granulometry; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; hydrofacies; lithofacies; models; Neogene; Northampton County Virginia; Oyster Virginia; peat; permeability; Pleistocene; Pliocene; pollution; Quaternary; radar methods; remediation; sand; sediments; sorting; surveys; Tertiary; tomography; transport; United States; upper Pleistocene; Virginia; Wachapreague Formation; Yorktown Formation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Anomalous bacterial attachment-detachment in intact columns from the Oyster site; three hypotheses for the kinetics AN - 51956986; 2003-056389 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Wademan, Michael C AU - Ginn, Timothy R AU - DeFlaun, Mary F AU - Onstott, Tullis C AU - Scheibe, Timothy D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000/11// PY - 2000 DA - November 2000 SP - 185 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 81 IS - 48, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - Virginia KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - mechanism KW - porous materials KW - mathematical models KW - Northampton County Virginia KW - simulation KW - models KW - Oyster Virginia KW - heterogeneous materials KW - transport KW - indigenous taxa KW - bacteria KW - breakthrough curves KW - kinetics KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51956986?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Anomalous+bacterial+attachment-detachment+in+intact+columns+from+the+Oyster+site%3B+three+hypotheses+for+the+kinetics&rft.au=Wademan%2C+Michael+C%3BGinn%2C+Timothy+R%3BDeFlaun%2C+Mary+F%3BOnstott%2C+Tullis+C%3BScheibe%2C+Timothy+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wademan&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2000-11-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=48%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=185&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2000 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atlantic Coastal Plain; bacteria; breakthrough curves; heterogeneous materials; indigenous taxa; kinetics; mathematical models; mechanism; models; Northampton County Virginia; Oyster Virginia; pollutants; pollution; porous materials; simulation; transport; United States; Virginia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The factors controlling bacterial distribution and activity near Oyster, VA AN - 51956840; 2003-056385 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Musslewhite, Christopher L AU - Dong, Hailiang AU - Green, Maria AU - Macnaughton, Sarah AU - McInerney, Michael AU - Murray, Christopher J AU - Onstott, Tullis C AU - Swift, Donald J P AU - White, D C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000/11// PY - 2000 DA - November 2000 SP - 184 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 81 IS - 48, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - moisture KW - unsaturated zone KW - bioavailability KW - Northampton County Virginia KW - iron KW - remediation KW - nitrogen KW - controls KW - Oyster Virginia KW - carbon KW - probability KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - soils KW - granulometry KW - Virginia KW - metabolism KW - statistical analysis KW - agriculture KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - biota KW - metals KW - hydrogen KW - sulfur KW - microorganisms KW - field studies KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51956840?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=The+factors+controlling+bacterial+distribution+and+activity+near+Oyster%2C+VA&rft.au=Musslewhite%2C+Christopher+L%3BDong%2C+Hailiang%3BGreen%2C+Maria%3BMacnaughton%2C+Sarah%3BMcInerney%2C+Michael%3BMurray%2C+Christopher+J%3BOnstott%2C+Tullis+C%3BSwift%2C+Donald+J+P%3BWhite%2C+D+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Musslewhite&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2000-11-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=48%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=184&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2000 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agriculture; Atlantic Coastal Plain; bioavailability; bioremediation; biota; carbon; controls; field studies; granulometry; hydrogen; iron; metabolism; metals; microorganisms; moisture; nitrogen; Northampton County Virginia; Oyster Virginia; pollution; probability; remediation; soils; statistical analysis; sulfur; United States; unsaturated zone; Virginia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effect of gadolinium on hafnium solubility in peraluminous and subaluminous glasses AN - 51930940; 2003-073765 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Dalbey, Leslie H AU - Davis, Linda L AU - Darab, John G AU - Strachan, Denis M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000/11// PY - 2000 DA - November 2000 SP - 1294 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 81 IS - 48, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - peraluminous composition KW - volcanic rocks KW - glasses KW - igneous rocks KW - solubility KW - crystals KW - peralkalic composition KW - gadolinium KW - hafnium KW - microscope methods KW - metals KW - rare earths KW - chemical composition KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51930940?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=The+effect+of+gadolinium+on+hafnium+solubility+in+peraluminous+and+subaluminous+glasses&rft.au=Dalbey%2C+Leslie+H%3BDavis%2C+Linda+L%3BDarab%2C+John+G%3BStrachan%2C+Denis+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Dalbey&rft.aufirst=Leslie&rft.date=2000-11-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=48%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=1294&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2000 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical composition; crystals; gadolinium; glasses; hafnium; igneous rocks; metals; microscope methods; peralkalic composition; peraluminous composition; rare earths; solubility; volcanic rocks ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of sulfur emissions from Popocatepetl Volcano on the Central U.S. in June 1997 AN - 51904380; 2004-002058 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Benkovitz, Carmen M AU - Miller, Mark A AU - Schwartz, Stephen E AU - Easter, Richard C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000/11// PY - 2000 DA - November 2000 SP - 37 EP - 38 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 81 IS - 48, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - sulfur dioxide KW - Denver County Colorado KW - plumes KW - sulfates KW - atmosphere KW - troposphere KW - Sevilleta New Mexico KW - Popocatepetl KW - Mexico KW - Denver Colorado KW - transport KW - volcanism KW - volcanoes KW - sulfur KW - aerosols KW - Colorado KW - AERONET KW - winds KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51904380?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Effects+of+sulfur+emissions+from+Popocatepetl+Volcano+on+the+Central+U.S.+in+June+1997&rft.au=Benkovitz%2C+Carmen+M%3BMiller%2C+Mark+A%3BSchwartz%2C+Stephen+E%3BEaster%2C+Richard+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Benkovitz&rft.aufirst=Carmen&rft.date=2000-11-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=48%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=37&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2000 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - AERONET; aerosols; atmosphere; Colorado; Denver Colorado; Denver County Colorado; Mexico; plumes; Popocatepetl; Sevilleta New Mexico; sulfates; sulfur; sulfur dioxide; transport; troposphere; United States; volcanism; volcanoes; winds ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seismic network detection and location performance near the Hanford site, southeastern Washington AN - 51884837; 2004-018873 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Rohay, Alan AU - Reidel, Steve AU - Hartshorn, Don AU - Moon, Brian AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000/11// PY - 2000 DA - November 2000 SP - 863 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 81 IS - 48, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - Hanford seismic network KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - geologic hazards KW - Hanford Site KW - seismographs KW - information management KW - data management KW - seismic networks KW - earthquakes KW - instruments KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51884837?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Seismic+network+detection+and+location+performance+near+the+Hanford+site%2C+southeastern+Washington&rft.au=Rohay%2C+Alan%3BReidel%2C+Steve%3BHartshorn%2C+Don%3BMoon%2C+Brian%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Rohay&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft.date=2000-11-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=48%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=863&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2000 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - data management; earthquakes; geologic hazards; Hanford seismic network; Hanford Site; information management; instruments; monitoring; seismic networks; seismographs; United States; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microfossils and secondary mineralization in Columbia River basalts AN - 51834205; 2004-048237 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - McKinley, James P AU - Stevens, Todd O AU - Westall, Frances Y1 - 2000/11// PY - 2000 DA - November 2000 SP - 250 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 81 IS - 48, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - concentration KW - sulfates KW - secondary minerals KW - Columbia River Basalt Group KW - ecosystems KW - Miocene KW - cores KW - ground water KW - Cenozoic KW - fractures KW - anaerobic taxa KW - Tertiary KW - paleoenvironment KW - Neogene KW - bacteria KW - mineralization KW - anaerobic environment KW - kerogen KW - fission KW - SEM data KW - minerals KW - microfossils KW - 12:Stratigraphy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51834205?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Microfossils+and+secondary+mineralization+in+Columbia+River+basalts&rft.au=McKinley%2C+James+P%3BStevens%2C+Todd+O%3BWestall%2C+Frances&rft.aulast=McKinley&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2000-11-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=48%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=250&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2000 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anaerobic environment; anaerobic taxa; bacteria; Cenozoic; Columbia River Basalt Group; concentration; cores; ecosystems; fission; fractures; ground water; kerogen; microfossils; mineralization; minerals; Miocene; Neogene; paleoenvironment; secondary minerals; SEM data; sulfates; Tertiary ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dynamic simulation of soil organic matter, erosion and tillage processes in EPIC AN - 51833659; 2004-048245 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Izaurralde, Roberto C AU - Williams, Jimmy R AU - McGill, William B AU - Rosenberg, Norman J Y1 - 2000/11// PY - 2000 DA - November 2000 SP - 255 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 81 IS - 48, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - lignin KW - isotopes KW - erosion KW - EPIC model KW - simulation KW - stable isotopes KW - nitrogen KW - radioactive isotopes KW - carbon KW - mineralization KW - greenhouse effect KW - soils KW - concentration KW - sequestration KW - wind erosion KW - water erosion KW - N-15 KW - models KW - organic compounds KW - runoff KW - CENTURY model KW - C-13 KW - tillage KW - C-14 KW - leaching KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51833659?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Ocean+Drilling+Program%2C+Part+A%3A+Initial+Reports&rft.atitle=Site+1247&rft.au=Trehu%2C+Anne+M%3BBohrmann%2C+Gerhard%3BRack%2C+Frank+R%3BTorres%2C+Marta+E%3BBangs%2C+Nathan+L%3BBarr%2C+Samantha+R%3BBorowski%2C+Walter+S%3BClaypool%2C+George+E%3BCollett%2C+Timothy+S%3BDelwiche%2C+Mark+E%3BDickens%2C+Gerald+R%3BGoldberg%2C+David+S%3BGracia%2C+Eulalia%3BGuerin%2C+Gilles%3BHolland%2C+Melanie%3BJohnson%2C+Joel+E%3BLee%2C+Young-Joo%3BLiu%2C+Char-Shine%3BLong%2C+Philip+E%3BMilkov%2C+Alexei+V+%28Aleksei+V%29%3BRiedel%2C+Michael%3BSchultheiss%2C+Peter%3BSu%2C+Xin%3BTeichert%2C+Barbara%3BTomaru%2C+Hitoshi%3BVanneste%2C+Maarten%3BWatanabe%2C+Mahito%3BWeinberger%2C+Jill+L&rft.aulast=Trehu&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=204&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Ocean+Drilling+Program%2C+Part+A%3A+Initial+Reports&rft.issn=0884-5883&rft_id=info:doi/10.2973%2Fodp.proc.ir.204.106.2003 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2000 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - C-13; C-14; carbon; CENTURY model; concentration; EPIC model; erosion; greenhouse effect; isotopes; leaching; lignin; mineralization; models; N-15; nitrogen; organic compounds; radioactive isotopes; runoff; sequestration; simulation; soils; stable isotopes; tillage; water erosion; wind erosion ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Results and interpretation from Hanford's SX tank farm vadose sediment sampling AN - 51552584; 2006-070151 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Serne, R Jeff AU - Last, George V AU - Myers, David A AU - Sobczyk, Stan M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000/11// PY - 2000 DA - November 2000 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 81 IS - 48, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - isotopes KW - data acquisition KW - data processing KW - waste disposal sites KW - unsaturated zone KW - observation wells KW - ground water KW - radioactive isotopes KW - cesium KW - sampling KW - sediments KW - nitrate ion KW - interpretation KW - chemical composition KW - chromium KW - technetium KW - concentration KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - alkali metals KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - Tc-99 KW - migration of elements KW - aquifers KW - water table KW - Cs-137 KW - metals KW - unconfined aquifers KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51552584?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Results+and+interpretation+from+Hanford%27s+SX+tank+farm+vadose+sediment+sampling&rft.au=Serne%2C+R+Jeff%3BLast%2C+George+V%3BMyers%2C+David+A%3BSobczyk%2C+Stan+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Serne&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2000-11-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=48%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F386&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2000 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; cesium; chemical composition; chromium; concentration; Cs-137; data acquisition; data processing; ground water; Hanford Site; interpretation; isotopes; metals; migration of elements; monitoring; nitrate ion; observation wells; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; sampling; sediments; Tc-99; technetium; unconfined aquifers; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington; waste disposal sites; water table ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simulation studies of unsaturated flow at Hanford tanks AN - 51550159; 2006-070198 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Pruess, Karsten L AU - Lichtner, Peter C AU - Steefel, Carl I AU - White, Mark D AU - Yabusaki, Steven B AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000/11// PY - 2000 DA - November 2000 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 81 IS - 48, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - leaking underground storage tanks KW - experimental studies KW - Washington KW - numerical models KW - pollutants KW - moisture KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - preferential flow KW - fluid dynamics KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - models KW - transport KW - tracers KW - sediments KW - mobility KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51550159?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Simulation+studies+of+unsaturated+flow+at+Hanford+tanks&rft.au=Pruess%2C+Karsten+L%3BLichtner%2C+Peter+C%3BSteefel%2C+Carl+I%3BWhite%2C+Mark+D%3BYabusaki%2C+Steven+B%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Pruess&rft.aufirst=Karsten&rft.date=2000-11-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=48%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F406&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2000 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; experimental studies; fluid dynamics; ground water; Hanford Site; leaking underground storage tanks; mobility; models; moisture; numerical models; pollutants; pollution; preferential flow; sediments; simulation; tracers; transport; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of mobile-immobile water on uranium sorption during transport in unsaturated sand-textured sediments AN - 51548756; 2006-070195 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Gamerdinger, Amy P AU - Kaplan, Daniel I AU - Serne, R Jeff AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000/11// PY - 2000 DA - November 2000 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 81 IS - 48, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - sorption KW - experimental studies KW - Washington KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - porous materials KW - aqueous solutions KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - models KW - transport KW - saturation KW - metals KW - tracers KW - uranium KW - waste disposal KW - mass transfer KW - mobility KW - actinides KW - pore water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51548756?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Effect+of+mobile-immobile+water+on+uranium+sorption+during+transport+in+unsaturated+sand-textured+sediments&rft.au=Gamerdinger%2C+Amy+P%3BKaplan%2C+Daniel+I%3BSerne%2C+R+Jeff%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gamerdinger&rft.aufirst=Amy&rft.date=2000-11-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=48%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F405&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2000 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; aqueous solutions; experimental studies; ground water; Hanford Site; mass transfer; metals; mobility; models; pollution; pore water; porous materials; radioactive waste; saturation; sorption; tracers; transport; United States; unsaturated zone; uranium; Washington; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cesium migration in Hanford sediments below leaking HLW tanks AN - 51548100; 2006-070199 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Steefel, Carl I AU - Lichtner, Peter C AU - Yabusaki, Steven B AU - Pruess, Karsten L AU - Serne, R Jeff AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000/11// PY - 2000 DA - November 2000 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 81 IS - 48, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - isotopes KW - preferential flow KW - ions KW - ground water KW - radioactive isotopes KW - cesium KW - sediments KW - ion exchange KW - unsaturated flow KW - mobility KW - leaking underground storage tanks KW - high-level waste KW - concentration KW - Washington KW - alkali metals KW - pollution KW - nitrates KW - Hanford Site KW - migration of elements KW - aquifers KW - models KW - isotherms KW - metals KW - nuclear facilities KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51548100?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Cesium+migration+in+Hanford+sediments+below+leaking+HLW+tanks&rft.au=Steefel%2C+Carl+I%3BLichtner%2C+Peter+C%3BYabusaki%2C+Steven+B%3BPruess%2C+Karsten+L%3BSerne%2C+R+Jeff%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Steefel&rft.aufirst=Carl&rft.date=2000-11-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=48%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F406&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2000 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; aquifers; cesium; concentration; ground water; Hanford Site; high-level waste; ion exchange; ions; isotherms; isotopes; leaking underground storage tanks; metals; migration of elements; mobility; models; nitrates; nuclear facilities; pollution; preferential flow; radioactive isotopes; sediments; United States; unsaturated flow; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Moisture distribution in Hanford's SX tank farm AN - 51547994; 2006-070150 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Myers, David A AU - Gee, Glendon W AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000/11// PY - 2000 DA - November 2000 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 81 IS - 48, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - soils KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - Washington KW - pollutants KW - moisture KW - characterization KW - waste disposal sites KW - pollution KW - observation wells KW - Hanford Site KW - porous materials KW - migration of elements KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - physical properties KW - nuclear facilities KW - waste disposal KW - underground disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51547994?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Moisture+distribution+in+Hanford%27s+SX+tank+farm&rft.au=Myers%2C+David+A%3BGee%2C+Glendon+W%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Myers&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2000-11-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=48%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F386&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2000 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; characterization; ground water; Hanford Site; migration of elements; moisture; nuclear facilities; observation wells; physical properties; pollutants; pollution; porous materials; radioactive waste; soils; underground disposal; United States; Washington; waste disposal; waste disposal sites ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydraulic conductivity; multiple approaches to measurement at the Oyster, Virginia, experimental site AN - 51327357; 2006-070163 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Green, Maria AU - Swift, Donald AU - Long, Philip AU - Johnson, Kim AU - Aaronson, Eric AU - Wilson, John AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000/11// PY - 2000 DA - November 2000 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 81 IS - 48, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - experimental studies KW - Virginia KW - grain size KW - prediction KW - porous materials KW - Northampton County Virginia KW - preferential flow KW - fluid dynamics KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - models KW - physical properties KW - Oyster Virginia KW - sediments KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - heterogeneity KW - Oyster Experimental Site KW - permeability KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51327357?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Hydraulic+conductivity%3B+multiple+approaches+to+measurement+at+the+Oyster%2C+Virginia%2C+experimental+site&rft.au=Green%2C+Maria%3BSwift%2C+Donald%3BLong%2C+Philip%3BJohnson%2C+Kim%3BAaronson%2C+Eric%3BWilson%2C+John%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Green&rft.aufirst=Maria&rft.date=2000-11-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=48%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F388&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2000 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; Atlantic Coastal Plain; experimental studies; fluid dynamics; grain size; ground water; heterogeneity; hydraulic conductivity; models; Northampton County Virginia; Oyster Experimental Site; Oyster Virginia; permeability; physical properties; porous materials; prediction; preferential flow; sediments; simulation; United States; Virginia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of multimedia model predictions for a contaminant plume migration scenario AN - 51197204; 2001-016116 AB - Predictions of four risk assessment models--RESRAD, PRESTO, MMSOILS, and MEPAS--for a test scenario involving the migration of a single, rapidly transforming radionuclide, (super 90) Sr, and a persistent, long radionuclide chain, (super 234) U and its progeny, in groundwater are compared. All four models make comparable predictions for the plume centerline concentrations of the primary contaminants in the aquifer for a distance of up to about 300 m from the source. MEPAS, MMSOILS, and RESRAD make similar predictions for the transverse concentration profiles in the aquifer. The four models make considerably different predictions for the temporal concentration profiles of the progeny in the aquifer. The profiles differ in shape, magnitude of the peak, and in width. The differences are a result of the simplifying assumptions underlying each of the models. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Gnanapragasam, E K AU - Yu, C AU - Whelan, G AU - Mills, W B AU - McDonald, J P AU - Lew, C S AU - Hung, C Y AU - Hoffmeyer, D Y1 - 2000/11// PY - 2000 DA - November 2000 SP - 17 EP - 38 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 46 IS - 1-2 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - Sr-90 KW - contaminant plumes KW - isotopes KW - ground water KW - saturated zone KW - radioactive isotopes KW - movement KW - mobility KW - MEPAS KW - concentration KW - alkaline earth metals KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - RESRAD KW - MMSOILS KW - mathematical models KW - migration of elements KW - aquifers KW - metals KW - U-234 KW - testing KW - risk assessment KW - uranium KW - actinides KW - strontium KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51197204?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+multimedia+model+predictions+for+a+contaminant+plume+migration+scenario&rft.au=Gnanapragasam%2C+E+K%3BYu%2C+C%3BWhelan%2C+G%3BMills%2C+W+B%3BMcDonald%2C+J+P%3BLew%2C+C+S%3BHung%2C+C+Y%3BHoffmeyer%2C+D&rft.aulast=Gnanapragasam&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2000-11-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 7 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; alkaline earth metals; aquifers; concentration; contaminant plumes; ground water; isotopes; mathematical models; MEPAS; metals; migration of elements; MMSOILS; mobility; movement; pollution; prediction; radioactive isotopes; RESRAD; risk assessment; saturated zone; Sr-90; strontium; testing; U-234; uranium ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The fall, recovery, orbit, and composition of the Tagish Lake Meteorite; a new type of carbonaceous chondrite AN - 52298176; 2000-075326 JF - Science AU - Brown, Peter G AU - Hildebrand, Alan R AU - Zolensky, Michael E AU - Grady, Monica AU - Clayton, Robert N AU - Mayeda, Toshiko K AU - Tagliaferri, Edward AU - Spalding, Richard AU - MacRae, Neil D AU - Hoffman, Eric L AU - Mittlefehldt, David W AU - Wacker, John F AU - Bird, J Andrew AU - Campbell, Margaret D AU - Carpenter, Robert AU - Gingerich, Heather AU - Glatiotis, Michael AU - Greiner, Erika AU - Mazur, Michael J AU - McCausland, Phil J AU - Plotkin, Howard AU - Mazur, Tina Rubak Y1 - 2000/10// PY - 2000 DA - October 2000 SP - 320 EP - 325 PB - American Association for the Advancement of Science, Washington, DC VL - 290 IS - 5490 SN - 0036-8075, 0036-8075 KW - stony meteorites KW - oxygen KW - asteroids KW - isotopes KW - orbits KW - cosmogenic elements KW - Tagish Lake Meteorite KW - meteorite flux KW - stable isotopes KW - nitrogen KW - meteorites KW - mineral composition KW - Tagish Lake KW - occurrence KW - rare earths KW - chondrites KW - geochemistry KW - Apollo Asteroids KW - concentration KW - CI chondrites KW - N-15/N-14 KW - parent bodies KW - O-18/O-17 KW - British Columbia KW - O-18/O-16 KW - carbonaceous chondrites KW - impacts KW - Canada KW - metals KW - classification KW - northern British Columbia KW - Western Canada KW - CM chondrites KW - chemical fractionation KW - 05B:Petrology of meteorites and tektites KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52298176?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.atitle=The+fall%2C+recovery%2C+orbit%2C+and+composition+of+the+Tagish+Lake+Meteorite%3B+a+new+type+of+carbonaceous+chondrite&rft.au=Brown%2C+Peter+G%3BHildebrand%2C+Alan+R%3BZolensky%2C+Michael+E%3BGrady%2C+Monica%3BClayton%2C+Robert+N%3BMayeda%2C+Toshiko+K%3BTagliaferri%2C+Edward%3BSpalding%2C+Richard%3BMacRae%2C+Neil+D%3BHoffman%2C+Eric+L%3BMittlefehldt%2C+David+W%3BWacker%2C+John+F%3BBird%2C+J+Andrew%3BCampbell%2C+Margaret+D%3BCarpenter%2C+Robert%3BGingerich%2C+Heather%3BGlatiotis%2C+Michael%3BGreiner%2C+Erika%3BMazur%2C+Michael+J%3BMcCausland%2C+Phil+J%3BPlotkin%2C+Howard%3BMazur%2C+Tina+Rubak&rft.aulast=Trehu&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=204&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Ocean+Drilling+Program%2C+Part+A%3A+Initial+Reports&rft.issn=0884-5883&rft_id=info:doi/10.2973%2Fodp.proc.ir.204.103.2003 L2 - http://www.sciencemag.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - SCIEAS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Apollo Asteroids; asteroids; British Columbia; Canada; carbonaceous chondrites; chemical fractionation; chondrites; CI chondrites; classification; CM chondrites; concentration; cosmogenic elements; geochemistry; impacts; isotopes; metals; meteorite flux; meteorites; mineral composition; N-15/N-14; nitrogen; northern British Columbia; O-18/O-16; O-18/O-17; occurrence; orbits; oxygen; parent bodies; rare earths; stable isotopes; stony meteorites; Tagish Lake; Tagish Lake Meteorite; Western Canada ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Surface defects and self-diffusion on pyrite {100}; an ultra-high vacuum scanning tunneling microscopy and theoretical modeling study AN - 52281093; 2001-002751 AB - Various defects on {100} cleavage surfaces of pyrite (FeS (sub 2) ) are observed directly using ultra high vacuum scanning tunneling microscopy. Step edges are aligned along [10] and [11] surface directions. Atomic scale images indicate that the atomic structure, with respect to the Fe lattice, and local density of occupied states in unchanged at a step edge, including kink and corner sites. The inferred presence of monosulfides at step edges, based on X-ray photoelectron spectra on similar surfaces elsewhere, does not lead to occupied states higher in energy than d (sub 2) dangling bond states at Fe sites. A sequence of consecutive images at the atomic scale captured evidence of dynamic structural changes at defects on this surface at room temperature. Step edges appear generally stable over the course of the STM observations, whereas vacancies, their surrounding sites, and corner step edge sites are not. Theoretical maps of the attachment energy for an Fe adatom over a {100} surface cell indicate the presence of low energy diffusion channels along the topology of the closest S atoms in the uppermost atomic S monolayer. Calculation of the activation energy barriers for the self-diffusion of an Fe adatom over a {100} terrace predict low 0.10 eV diffusion barriers along channels and 0.24 eV across channels. Subsequently, calculated Fe adatom mobilities over the time scale of the STM observations are very high, ranging from 10 (super 5) -10 (super 6) Aa over the course of one minute, calculated for room temperature and depending on the diffusion direction. The structural changes documented in the STM images are attributed to the natural process of surface self-diffusion. JF - American Mineralogist AU - Rosso, Kevin M AU - Becker, Udo AU - Hochella, Michael F, Jr Y1 - 2000/10// PY - 2000 DA - October 2000 SP - 1428 EP - 1436 PB - Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 10 SN - 0003-004X, 0003-004X KW - diffusion KW - scanning tunneling microscopy KW - electron microscopy data KW - crystal structure KW - self-diffusion KW - defects KW - theoretical studies KW - X-ray data KW - surface defects KW - pyrite KW - sulfides KW - electron microscopy KW - cleavage KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52281093?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=Surface+defects+and+self-diffusion+on+pyrite+%7B100%7D%3B+an+ultra-high+vacuum+scanning+tunneling+microscopy+and+theoretical+modeling+study&rft.au=Rosso%2C+Kevin+M%3BBecker%2C+Udo%3BHochella%2C+Michael+F%2C+Jr&rft.aulast=Rosso&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft.date=2000-10-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1428&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Mineralogist&rft.issn=0003004X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ammin.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AMMIAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cleavage; crystal structure; defects; diffusion; electron microscopy; electron microscopy data; pyrite; scanning tunneling microscopy; self-diffusion; sulfides; surface defects; theoretical studies; X-ray data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A simplified model for the transient water budget of a shallow unsaturated zone AN - 50160621; 2001-001738 AB - A simplified model describing the transient water budget of a shallow unsaturated soil profile is presented and applied to an example of long-term climatic conditions for a site near Coshocton, Ohio. Its conceptualization is simplified because the instantaneous redistribution of infiltrated water in a uniform soil profile is imposed. The model's formulation is a revision of that originally presented by Kim et al. [1996]. Runoff from a soil profile with uniform hydraulic properties is described by using an infiltration equation derived by Salvucci [1996] for ponded conditions. During storm periods the infiltration rate equals the rainfall intensity, unless that rate exceeds the saturated hydraulic conductivity, and then the input rate is determined by the infiltration equation for ponded conditions, with the excess applied water being accounted for as runoff. During interstorm periods, when the soil profile is drying due to evapotranspiration (ET) and drainage, the ET rate equals the potential evapotranspiration rate E (sub p) , until the soil profile relative saturation s drops below a certain falling value of saturation S (sub f) . When s < S (sub f) , then the ET rate is linearly proportional to s as given by (S (sub f) ) E (sub p) . Drainage flux from a profile equals the hydraulic conductivity under a unit hydraulic gradient. Drainage for a 50-year-long record of climate on a daily basis for the Coshocton site compared well with measurements from four lysimeters. It is shown that the effective saturated hydraulic conductivity for the profile is determined by the runoff amount over the simulation period, and the value of S (sub f) can be set so that the predicted drainage approximates that measured by lysimeters. This determines the appropriate cumulative ET for the site consistent with the climate data. The appropriate value of S (sub f) also depends on the presumed profile depth, which is the plant root depth over which ET is extracted. Copyright 2000 by the American Geophysical Union. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Simmons, Carver S AU - Meyer, Philip D Y1 - 2000/10// PY - 2000 DA - October 2000 SP - 2835 EP - 2844 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 36 IS - 10 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - soil profiles KW - rainfall KW - unsteady flow KW - unsaturated zone KW - mathematical models KW - water balance KW - simulation KW - evapotranspiration KW - measurement KW - shallow depth KW - infiltration KW - runoff KW - water regimes KW - storms KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - lysimeters KW - pore water KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50160621?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Ocean+Drilling+Program%2C+Part+A%3A+Initial+Reports&rft.atitle=Site+1246&rft.au=Trehu%2C+Anne+M%3BBohrmann%2C+Gerhard%3BRack%2C+Frank+R%3BTorres%2C+Marta+E%3BBangs%2C+Nathan+L%3BBarr%2C+Samantha+R%3BBorowski%2C+Walter+S%3BClaypool%2C+George+E%3BCollett%2C+Timothy+S%3BDelwiche%2C+Mark+E%3BDickens%2C+Gerald+R%3BGoldberg%2C+David+S%3BGracia%2C+Eulalia%3BGuerin%2C+Gilles%3BHolland%2C+Melanie%3BJohnson%2C+Joel+E%3BLee%2C+Young-Joo%3BLiu%2C+Char-Shine%3BLong%2C+Philip+E%3BMilkov%2C+Alexei+V+%28Aleksei+V%29%3BRiedel%2C+Michael%3BSchultheiss%2C+Peter%3BSu%2C+Xin%3BTeichert%2C+Barbara%3BTomaru%2C+Hitoshi%3BVanneste%2C+Maarten%3BWatanabe%2C+Mahito%3BWeinberger%2C+Jill+L&rft.aulast=Trehu&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=204&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Ocean+Drilling+Program%2C+Part+A%3A+Initial+Reports&rft.issn=0884-5883&rft_id=info:doi/10.2973%2Fodp.proc.ir.204.105.2003 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - evapotranspiration; hydraulic conductivity; hydrology; infiltration; lysimeters; mathematical models; measurement; pore water; rainfall; runoff; shallow depth; simulation; soil profiles; soils; storms; unsaturated zone; unsteady flow; water balance; water regimes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2000WR900202 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Probing proteomes - seeing the whole picture? AN - 17725930; 4796154 AB - The proteome has been defined as the entire complement of proteins expressed by a cell, organism, or tissue type, and accordingly, proteomics is the study of this complement expressed at a given time or under certain environmental conditions. However, such a global perspective requires that thousands of proteins be routinely identified and characterized from a single sample; only then can we infer how protein function relates to cellular pathways, modules, and networks, and how new (emergent) properties arise for the larger "system". These measurements must be made at the protein level because, among other reasons, protein abundance cannot be predicted from mRNA abundance, and post-translational modifications cannot be directly predicted from deduced amino acid sequence. Simply predicting a polypeptide sequence can even be problematic because of alternative splicing of mRNAs or frameshifts. JF - Nature Biotechnology AU - Smith, R D AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA, rd_smith@pnl.gov Y1 - 2000/10// PY - 2000 DA - Oct 2000 SP - 1041 EP - 1042 VL - 18 IS - 10 SN - 1087-0156, 1087-0156 KW - proteomics KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Abstracts KW - Splicing KW - Reviews KW - Frameshift mutant KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W3 33000:General topics and reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17725930?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Probing+proteomes+-+seeing+the+whole+picture%3F&rft.au=Smith%2C+R+D&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2000-10-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1041&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+Biotechnology&rft.issn=10870156&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Reviews; Splicing; Frameshift mutant ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spectroscopic Studies of Zinc(II)- and Cobalt(II)-Associated Escherichia coli Formamidopyrimidine-DNA Glycosylase: Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure Evidence for a Metal-Binding Domain AN - 17716102; 4784353 AB - Formamidopyrimidine-DNA glycosylase (Fpg) is a 30.2 kDa protein that plays an important role in the base excision repair of oxidatively damaged DNA in Escherichia coli. Sequence analysis and genetic evidence suggest that zinc is associated with a C4-type motif, C sub(244)-X sub(2)-C sub(247)-X sub(16)-C sub(264)-X sub(2)-C sub(267), located at the C-terminus of the protein. The zinc-associated motif has been shown to be essential for damaged DNA recognition. Extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectra collected on the zinc-associated protein (ZnFpg) in the lyophilized state and in 10% frozen aqueous glycerol solution show directly that the metal is coordinated to the sulfur atom of four cysteine residues. The average Zn-S bond length is 2.33 plus or minus 0.01 and 2.34 plus or minus 0.01 Ae, respectively, in the lyophilized state and in 10% frozen aqueous glycerol solution. Fpg was also expressed in minimal medium supplemented with cobalt nitrate to yield a blue-colored protein that was primarily cobalt-associated (CoFpg). The profiles of the circular dichroism spectra for CoFpg and ZnFpg are identical, suggesting that the substitution of Co super(2+) for Zn super(2+) does not alter the structure of Fpg. A similar conclusion is reached upon the analysis of two-dimensional super(15)N/ super(1)H HSQC spectra of uniformly super(15)N-labeled samples of ZnFpg and CoFpg; the spectra are similar and display features characteristic of a structured protein. Biochemical assays with a 54 nt DNA oligomer containing 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine at a specific location show that CoFpg and ZnFpg are equally active at cleaving the DNA at the site of the oxidized guanine. EXAFS spectra of CoFpg indicate that the cobalt is coordinated to the sulfur atom of four cysteine residues with an average Co-S bond length of 2.28 plus or minus 0.01 and 2.29 plus or minus 0.01 Ae, respectively, in the lyophilized state and in 10% frozen aqueous glycerol solution. The structural similarity between CoFpg and ZnFpg suggests that it is biologically relevant to use the paramagnetic properties of Co super(2+) as a structural probe. JF - Biochemistry (Washington) AU - Buchko, G W AU - Hess, N J AU - Bandaru, V AU - Wallace, S S AU - Kennedy, MA AD - Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory and Biogeochemistry Resources, Pacific Northwest National Laboratories, Richland, WA 99352, USA, ma_kennedy@pnl.gov Y1 - 2000/10// PY - 2000 DA - Oct 2000 SP - 12441 EP - 12449 VL - 39 IS - 40 SN - 0006-2960, 0006-2960 KW - domains KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Metals KW - Cobalt KW - Zinc KW - X-ray absorption spectroscopy KW - Escherichia coli KW - Formamidopyrimidine-DNA glycosidase KW - J 02728:Enzymes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17716102?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochemistry+%28Washington%29&rft.atitle=Spectroscopic+Studies+of+Zinc%28II%29-+and+Cobalt%28II%29-Associated+Escherichia+coli+Formamidopyrimidine-DNA+Glycosylase%3A+Extended+X-ray+Absorption+Fine+Structure+Evidence+for+a+Metal-Binding+Domain&rft.au=Buchko%2C+G+W%3BHess%2C+N+J%3BBandaru%2C+V%3BWallace%2C+S+S%3BKennedy%2C+MA&rft.aulast=Buchko&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2000-10-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=40&rft.spage=12441&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochemistry+%28Washington%29&rft.issn=00062960&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Escherichia coli; X-ray absorption spectroscopy; Metals; Formamidopyrimidine-DNA glycosidase; Zinc; Cobalt ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structure-based Functional Classification of Hypothetical Protein MTH538 from Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum AN - 17623778; 4757615 AB - The structure of MTH538, a previously uncharacterized hypothetical protein from Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum, has been determined by NMR spectroscopy. MTH538 is one of numerous structural genomics targets selected in a genome-wide survey of uncharacterized sequences from this organism. MTH538 is a so-called singleton, a sequence not closely related to any other (known) sequences. The structure of MTH538 closely resembles the known structures of receiver domains from two component response regulator systems, such as CheY, and is similar to the structures of flavodoxins and GTP-binding proteins. Tests on MTH538 for characteristic activities of CheY and flavodoxin were negative. MTH538 did not become phosphorylated in the presence of acetyl phosphate and Mg super(2+), although it appeared to bind Mg super(2+). MTH538 also did not bind flavin mononucleotide (FMN) or coenzyme F sub(420). Nevertheless, sequence and structure parallels between MTH538/CheY and two families of ATPase/phosphatase proteins suggest that MTH538 may have a role in a phosphorylation-independent two-component response regulator system. JF - Journal of Molecular Biology AU - Cort, J R AU - Yee, A AU - Edwards, A M AU - Arrowsmith, CH AU - Kennedy, MA AD - Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, EMSL 2569 K8-98, Richland, 99352, WA, USA Y1 - 2000/09/08/ PY - 2000 DA - 2000 Sep 08 SP - 189 EP - 203 PB - Academic Press VL - 302 IS - 1 SN - 0022-2836, 0022-2836 KW - two-component response regulator KW - MTH538 protein KW - acetyl phosphate KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Adenosinetriphosphatase KW - Methanogenic archaea KW - Guanine nucleotide-binding protein KW - CheY protein KW - N.M.R. KW - Magnesium KW - Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum KW - J 02727:Amino acids, peptides and proteins UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17623778?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Molecular+Biology&rft.atitle=Structure-based+Functional+Classification+of+Hypothetical+Protein+MTH538+from+Methanobacterium+thermoautotrophicum&rft.au=Cort%2C+J+R%3BYee%2C+A%3BEdwards%2C+A+M%3BArrowsmith%2C+CH%3BKennedy%2C+MA&rft.aulast=Cort&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2000-09-08&rft.volume=302&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=189&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Molecular+Biology&rft.issn=00222836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1006%2Fjmbi.2000.4052 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum; N.M.R.; Adenosinetriphosphatase; CheY protein; Guanine nucleotide-binding protein; Methanogenic archaea; Magnesium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jmbi.2000.4052 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reduction of U(VI) in goethite (alpha -FeOOH) suspensions by a dissimilatory metal-reducing bacterium AN - 52279806; 2001-002977 AB - Dissimilatory metal-reducing bacteria (DMRB) can utilize Fe(III) associated with aqueous complexes or solid phases, such as oxide and oxyhydroxide minerals, as a terminal electron acceptor coupled to the oxidation of H (sub 2) or organic substrates. These bacteria are also capable of reducing other metal ions including Mn(IV), Cr(VI), and U(VI), a process that has a pronounced effect on their solubility and overall geochemical behavior. In spite of considerable study on an individual basis, the biogeochemical behavior of multiple metals subject to microbial reduction is poorly understood. To probe these complex processes, the reduction of U(VI) by the subsurface bacterium, Shewanella putrefaciens CN32, was investigated in the presence of goethite under conditions where the aqueous composition was controlled to vary U speciation and solubility. Uranium(VI), as the carbonate complexes UO (sub 2) (CO (sub 3) ) (sub 3(aq)) (super 4-) and UO (sub 2) (CO (sub 3) ) (sub 2(aq)) (super 2-) , was reduced by the bacteria to U(IV) with or without goethite [alpha -FeOOH (sub (s)) ] present. Uranium(VI) in 1,4-piperazinediethhanesulfonic acid (PIPES) buffer that was estimated to be present predominantly as the U(VI) mineral metaschoepite [UO (sub 3) .2H (sub 2) O (sub (s)) ], was also reduced by the bacteria with or without goethite. In contrast, only approximately 30% of the U(VI) associated with a synthetic metaschoepite was reduced by the organism in the presence of goethite with 1 mM lactate as the electron donor. This may have been due to the formation of a layer of UO (sub 2(s)) or Fe(OH) (sub 3(s)) on the surface of the metaschoepite that physically obstructed further bioreduction. Increasing the lactate to a non-limiting concentration (10 mM) increased the reduction of U(VI) from metaschoepite to greater than 80% indicating that the hypothesized surface-veneering effect was electron donor dependent. Uranium(VI) was also reduced by bacterially reduced anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate (AQDS) in the absence of cells, and by Fe(II) sorbed to goethite in abiotic control experiments. In the absence of goethite, uraninite was a major product of direct microbial reduction and reduction by AH (sub 2) DS. These results indicate that DMRB, via a combination of direct enzymatic or indirect mechanisms, can reduce U(VI) to insoluble U(IV) in the presence of solid Fe oxides. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Fredrickson, James K AU - Zachara, John M AU - Kennedy, David W AU - Duff, Martine C AU - Gorby, Yuri A AU - Li, Shu-mei W AU - Krupka, Kenneth M Y1 - 2000/09// PY - 2000 DA - September 2000 SP - 3085 EP - 3098 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 64 IS - 18 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - biodegradation KW - experimental studies KW - iron oxides KW - goethite KW - pollution KW - suspended materials KW - Shewanella putrefaciens KW - aqueous solutions KW - solubility KW - hydrochemistry KW - ground water KW - laboratory studies KW - biogenic processes KW - decontamination KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - oxides KW - anaerobic environment KW - uranium KW - reduction KW - uraninite KW - geochemistry KW - actinides KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52279806?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Reduction+of+U%28VI%29+in+goethite+%28alpha+-FeOOH%29+suspensions+by+a+dissimilatory+metal-reducing+bacterium&rft.au=Fredrickson%2C+James+K%3BZachara%2C+John+M%3BKennedy%2C+David+W%3BDuff%2C+Martine+C%3BGorby%2C+Yuri+A%3BLi%2C+Shu-mei+W%3BKrupka%2C+Kenneth+M&rft.aulast=Fredrickson&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2000-09-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=18&rft.spage=3085&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2800%2900397-5 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 90 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; anaerobic environment; aqueous solutions; bacteria; biodegradation; biogenic processes; decontamination; experimental studies; geochemistry; goethite; ground water; hydrochemistry; iron oxides; laboratory studies; metals; oxides; pollution; reduction; Shewanella putrefaciens; solubility; suspended materials; uraninite; uranium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(00)00397-5 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Groundwater and vadose zone monitoring AN - 52246944; 2001-030779 JF - Hanford site environmental report for calendar year 1999 AU - Anonymous A2 - Poston, T. M. A2 - Hanf, R. W. A2 - Dirkes, R. L. Y1 - 2000/09// PY - 2000 DA - September 2000 KW - United States KW - hazardous waste KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - isotopes KW - pollutants KW - effluents KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - environmental analysis KW - drinking water KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - waste disposal KW - discharge KW - pore water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52246944?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Anonymous&rft.aulast=Anonymous&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2000-09-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Groundwater+and+vadose+zone+monitoring&rft.title=Groundwater+and+vadose+zone+monitoring&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.pnl.gov/main/publications/external/technical_reports/PNNL-13230.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 59 N1 - Availability - U. S. Department of Commerce, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Potential radiological doses from 1999 Hanford operations AN - 52246925; 2001-030778 JF - Hanford site environmental report for calendar year 1999 AU - Antonio, E J AU - Rhoads, K A2 - Poston, T. M. A2 - Hanf, R. W. A2 - Dirkes, R. L. Y1 - 2000/09// PY - 2000 DA - September 2000 KW - United States KW - Washington KW - isotopes KW - radioactivity KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - bioavailability KW - drinking water KW - biota KW - ground water KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - public health KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52246925?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Antonio%2C+E+J%3BRhoads%2C+K&rft.aulast=Antonio&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2000-09-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Ocean+Drilling+Program%2C+Part+A%3A+Initial+Reports&rft.issn=0884-5883&rft_id=info:doi/10.2973%2Fodp.proc.ir.204.104.2003 L2 - http://www.pnl.gov/main/publications/external/technical_reports/PNNL-13230.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - Availability - U. S. Department of Commerce, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Environmental and regulatory compliance summary; environmental occurrences AN - 52246886; 2001-030767 JF - Hanford site environmental report for calendar year 1999 AU - Patton, G W A2 - Poston, T. M. A2 - Hanf, R. W. A2 - Dirkes, R. L. Y1 - 2000/09// PY - 2000 DA - September 2000 KW - United States KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - effluents KW - data processing KW - Hanford Site KW - environmental analysis KW - environmental effects KW - radioactive waste KW - mitigation KW - data bases KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52246886?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Patton%2C+G+W&rft.aulast=Patton&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2000-09-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Environmental+and+regulatory+compliance+summary%3B+environmental+occurrences&rft.title=Environmental+and+regulatory+compliance+summary%3B+environmental+occurrences&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.pnl.gov/main/publications/external/technical_reports/PNNL-13230.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Availability - U. S. Department of Commerce, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Environmental surveillance information AN - 52246631; 2001-030773 JF - Hanford site environmental report for calendar year 1999 AU - Anonymous A2 - Poston, T. M. A2 - Hanf, R. W. A2 - Dirkes, R. L. Y1 - 2000/09// PY - 2000 DA - September 2000 KW - United States KW - soils KW - Washington KW - isotopes KW - pollutants KW - Columbia River KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - bioavailability KW - environmental analysis KW - biota KW - measurement KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - sediments KW - air KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52246631?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Anonymous&rft.aulast=Anonymous&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2000-09-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Environmental+surveillance+information&rft.title=Environmental+surveillance+information&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.pnl.gov/main/publications/external/technical_reports/PNNL-13230.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 56 N1 - Availability - U. S. Department of Commerce, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Environmental surveillance information; external radiation surveillance AN - 52246462; 2001-030777 JF - Hanford site environmental report for calendar year 1999 AU - Antonio, E J A2 - Poston, T. M. A2 - Hanf, R. W. A2 - Dirkes, R. L. Y1 - 2000/09// PY - 2000 DA - September 2000 KW - United States KW - Washington KW - isotopes KW - radioactivity KW - pollutants KW - waste disposal sites KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - environmental analysis KW - radioactive waste KW - measurement KW - radioactive isotopes KW - waste disposal KW - instruments KW - public health KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52246462?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Antonio%2C+E+J&rft.aulast=Antonio&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2000-09-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=22&rft.spage=5127&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.pnl.gov/main/publications/external/technical_reports/PNNL-13230.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Availability - U. S. Department of Commerce, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Environmental surveillance information; surface water and sediment surveillance AN - 52246153; 2001-030774 JF - Hanford site environmental report for calendar year 1999 AU - Patton, G W A2 - Poston, T. M. A2 - Hanf, R. W. A2 - Dirkes, R. L. Y1 - 2000/09// PY - 2000 DA - September 2000 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - concentration KW - Washington KW - isotopes KW - stream sediments KW - pollutants KW - Columbia River KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - hydrochemistry KW - environmental analysis KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - spatial variations KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - sediments KW - springs KW - geochemistry KW - fluvial environment KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52246153?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Patton%2C+G+W&rft.aulast=Patton&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2000-09-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Environmental+surveillance+information%3B+surface+water+and+sediment+surveillance&rft.title=Environmental+surveillance+information%3B+surface+water+and+sediment+surveillance&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.pnl.gov/main/publications/external/technical_reports/PNNL-13230.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Availability - U. S. Department of Commerce, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Facility-related monitoring; near-facility environmental monitoring AN - 52245168; 2001-030772 JF - Hanford site environmental report for calendar year 1999 AU - Perkins, C J AU - Markes, B M AU - McKenney, S M AU - Mitchell, R M AU - Roos, R C A2 - Poston, T. M. A2 - Hanf, R. W. A2 - Dirkes, R. L. Y1 - 2000/09// PY - 2000 DA - September 2000 KW - United States KW - soils KW - concentration KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - isotopes KW - radioactivity KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - waste disposal sites KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - vegetation KW - hydrochemistry KW - environmental analysis KW - radioactive waste KW - radioactive isotopes KW - air KW - waste disposal KW - geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52245168?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Europium+Uptake+and+Partitioning+in+Oat+%28Avena+sativa%29+Roots+as+Studied+by+Laser-induced+Fluorescence+Spectroscopy+and+Confocal+Microscopy+Profiling+Technique&rft.au=Fellows%2C+R+J%3BWang%2C+Zheming%3BAinsworth%2C+C+C&rft.aulast=Fellows&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2003-11-15&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=22&rft.spage=5247&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.pnl.gov/main/publications/external/technical_reports/PNNL-13230.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - Availability - U. S. Department of Commerce, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 19 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Environmental and regulatory compliance summary; waste management and chemical inventories AN - 52245126; 2001-030768 JF - Hanford site environmental report for calendar year 1999 AU - Diediker, L P AU - Jensen, D B A2 - Poston, T. M. A2 - Hanf, R. W. A2 - Dirkes, R. L. Y1 - 2000/09// PY - 2000 DA - September 2000 KW - United States KW - hazardous waste KW - Washington KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - chemical waste KW - environmental analysis KW - radioactive waste KW - waste management KW - inventory KW - waste disposal KW - heavy metals KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52245126?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Diediker%2C+L+P%3BJensen%2C+D+B&rft.aulast=Diediker&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2000-09-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Environmental+and+regulatory+compliance+summary%3B+waste+management+and+chemical+inventories&rft.title=Environmental+and+regulatory+compliance+summary%3B+waste+management+and+chemical+inventories&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.pnl.gov/main/publications/external/technical_reports/PNNL-13230.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Availability - U. S. Department of Commerce, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Document feature - 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Environmental and regulatory compliance summary; compliance status AN - 52245085; 2001-030765 JF - Hanford site environmental report for calendar year 1999 AU - Price, K R A2 - Poston, T. M. A2 - Hanf, R. W. A2 - Dirkes, R. L. Y1 - 2000/09// PY - 2000 DA - September 2000 KW - United States KW - Resource Conservation and Recovery Act KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - Superfund KW - effluents KW - legislation KW - waste disposal sites KW - Hanford Site KW - environmental effects KW - radioactive waste KW - Clean Air Act KW - waste management KW - mitigation KW - planning KW - Clean Water Act KW - waste disposal KW - public health KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52245085?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Price%2C+K+R&rft.aulast=Price&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2000-09-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Environmental+and+regulatory+compliance+summary%3B+compliance+status&rft.title=Environmental+and+regulatory+compliance+summary%3B+compliance+status&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.pnl.gov/main/publications/external/technical_reports/PNNL-13230.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Availability - U. S. Department of Commerce, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Document feature - 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Hanford site environmental report for calendar year 1999 AN - 52244510; 2001-030764 JF - Hanford site environmental report for calendar year 1999 AU - Hanf, R W AU - Price, K R A2 - Poston, T. M. A2 - Hanf, R. W. A2 - Dirkes, R. L. Y1 - 2000/09// PY - 2000 DA - September 2000 KW - United States KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - waste disposal sites KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - environmental analysis KW - environmental effects KW - radioactive waste KW - waste management KW - mitigation KW - Columbia River basin KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52244510?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Hanf%2C+R+W%3BPrice%2C+K+R&rft.aulast=Hanf&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2000-09-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Hanford+site+environmental+report+for+calendar+year+1999&rft.title=Hanford+site+environmental+report+for+calendar+year+1999&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.pnl.gov/main/publications/external/technical_reports/PNNL-13230.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 12 N1 - Availability - U. S. Department of Commerce, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Environmental surveillance information; soil and vegetation surveillance AN - 52244448; 2001-030776 JF - Hanford site environmental report for calendar year 1999 AU - Poston, T M AU - Hanf, R W AU - Tiller, B L A2 - Poston, T. M. A2 - Hanf, R. W. A2 - Dirkes, R. L. Y1 - 2000/09// PY - 2000 DA - September 2000 KW - United States KW - soils KW - concentration KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - isotopes KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - bioavailability KW - vegetation KW - environmental analysis KW - radioactive isotopes KW - Columbia River basin KW - geochemistry KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52244448?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Poston%2C+T+M%3BHanf%2C+R+W%3BTiller%2C+B+L&rft.aulast=Poston&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2000-09-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Environmental+surveillance+information%3B+soil+and+vegetation+surveillance&rft.title=Environmental+surveillance+information%3B+soil+and+vegetation+surveillance&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.pnl.gov/main/publications/external/technical_reports/PNNL-13230.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Availability - U. S. Department of Commerce, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Facility related monitoring; facility effluent monitoring AN - 52244424; 2001-030771 JF - Hanford site environmental report for calendar year 1999 AU - Diediker, L P AU - Jenson, D B A2 - Poston, T. M. A2 - Hanf, R. W. A2 - Dirkes, R. L. Y1 - 2000/09// PY - 2000 DA - September 2000 KW - United States KW - hazardous waste KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - isotopes KW - pollutants KW - effluents KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - environmental analysis KW - radioactive waste KW - mitigation KW - radioactive isotopes KW - waste disposal KW - heavy metals KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52244424?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Diediker%2C+L+P%3BJenson%2C+D+B&rft.aulast=Diediker&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2000-09-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Facility+related+monitoring%3B+facility+effluent+monitoring&rft.title=Facility+related+monitoring%3B+facility+effluent+monitoring&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.pnl.gov/main/publications/external/technical_reports/PNNL-13230.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Availability - U. S. Department of Commerce, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Other Hanford Site environmental programs; community-operated environmental surveillance program AN - 52244008; 2001-030780 JF - Hanford site environmental report for calendar year 1999 AU - Hanf, R W A2 - Poston, T. M. A2 - Hanf, R. W. A2 - Dirkes, R. L. Y1 - 2000/09// PY - 2000 DA - September 2000 KW - United States KW - programs KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - isotopes KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - environmental analysis KW - automated analysis KW - radioactive isotopes KW - quality control KW - accuracy KW - instruments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52244008?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Hanf%2C+R+W&rft.aulast=Hanf&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2000-09-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Other+Hanford+Site+environmental+programs%3B+community-operated+environmental+surveillance+program&rft.title=Other+Hanford+Site+environmental+programs%3B+community-operated+environmental+surveillance+program&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.pnl.gov/main/publications/external/technical_reports/PNNL-13230.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Availability - U. S. Department of Commerce, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Quality assurance AN - 52243006; 2001-030781 JF - Hanford site environmental report for calendar year 1999 AU - Gillespie, B M AU - Diediker, L P AU - Jensen, D B A2 - Poston, T. M. A2 - Hanf, R. W. A2 - Dirkes, R. L. Y1 - 2000/09// PY - 2000 DA - September 2000 KW - United States KW - soils KW - programs KW - experimental studies KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - isotopes KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - vegetation KW - environmental analysis KW - measurement KW - ground water KW - laboratory studies KW - radioactive isotopes KW - sampling KW - quality control KW - air KW - accuracy KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52243006?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Gillespie%2C+B+M%3BDiediker%2C+L+P%3BJensen%2C+D+B&rft.aulast=Gillespie&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2000-09-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Quality+assurance&rft.title=Quality+assurance&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.pnl.gov/main/publications/external/technical_reports/PNNL-13230.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - Availability - U. S. Department of Commerce, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Document feature - 12 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Environmental and regulatory compliance summary AN - 52242957; 2001-030769 JF - Hanford site environmental report for calendar year 1999 AU - Anonymous A2 - Poston, T. M. A2 - Hanf, R. W. A2 - Dirkes, R. L. Y1 - 2000/09// PY - 2000 DA - September 2000 KW - United States KW - waste management KW - Washington KW - regulations KW - legislation KW - waste disposal sites KW - Hanford Site KW - environmental analysis KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52242957?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Anonymous&rft.aulast=Anonymous&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2000-09-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Environmental+and+regulatory+compliance+summary&rft.title=Environmental+and+regulatory+compliance+summary&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.pnl.gov/main/publications/external/technical_reports/PNNL-13230.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 131 N1 - Availability - U. S. Department of Commerce, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Environmental surveillance information; radiological surveillance of Hanford Site drinking water AN - 52242928; 2001-030775 JF - Hanford site environmental report for calendar year 1999 AU - Hanf, R W AU - Kelley, L M A2 - Poston, T. M. A2 - Hanf, R. W. A2 - Dirkes, R. L. Y1 - 2000/09// PY - 2000 DA - September 2000 KW - United States KW - concentration KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - isotopes KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - tritium KW - hydrochemistry KW - environmental analysis KW - drinking water KW - ground water KW - radioactive isotopes KW - hydrogen KW - water wells KW - geochemistry KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52242928?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Hanf%2C+R+W%3BKelley%2C+L+M&rft.aulast=Hanf&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2000-09-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Environmental+surveillance+information%3B+radiological+surveillance+of+Hanford+Site+drinking+water&rft.title=Environmental+surveillance+information%3B+radiological+surveillance+of+Hanford+Site+drinking+water&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.pnl.gov/main/publications/external/technical_reports/PNNL-13230.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Availability - U. S. Department of Commerce, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Document feature - 3 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Groundwater and vadose zone monitoring; Hanford ground water monitoring project AN - 52242375; 2001-030782 JF - Hanford site environmental report for calendar year 1999 AU - Newcomer, D R AU - Hartman, M J A2 - Poston, T. M. A2 - Hanf, R. W. A2 - Dirkes, R. L. Y1 - 2000/09// PY - 2000 DA - September 2000 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - isotopes KW - waste disposal sites KW - tritium KW - environmental analysis KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - nitrate ion KW - geochemistry KW - heavy metals KW - programs KW - concentration KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - hydrochemistry KW - carbon tetrachloride KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - hydrogen KW - trichloroethylene KW - waste disposal KW - unconfined aquifers KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52242375?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Newcomer%2C+D+R%3BHartman%2C+M+J&rft.aulast=Newcomer&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2000-09-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.pnl.gov/main/publications/external/technical_reports/PNNL-13230.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Availability - U. S. Department of Commerce, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Hanford site environmental report for calendar year 1999 AN - 52242345; 2001-030763 JF - Hanford site environmental report for calendar year 1999 A2 - Poston, T. M. A2 - Hanf, R. W. A2 - Dirkes, R. L. Y1 - 2000/09// PY - 2000 DA - September 2000 KW - United States KW - soils KW - protection KW - programs KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - effluents KW - annual report KW - legislation KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - vegetation KW - environmental analysis KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - waste management KW - report KW - quality control KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52242345?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2000-09-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Hanford+site+environmental+report+for+calendar+year+1999&rft.title=Hanford+site+environmental+report+for+calendar+year+1999&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.pnl.gov/main/publications/external/technical_reports/PNNL-13230.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Availability - U. S. Department of Commerce, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Individual sections within scope are cited separately; includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hanford Site National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) characterization AN - 51384617; 2007-091277 JF - PNNL (Pacific Northwest National Laboratory) AU - Neitzel, Duane A AU - Antonio, E J AU - Fosmire, C J AU - Fowler, Richard A AU - Glantz, Cliff S AU - Goodwin, Shannon M AU - Harvey, David W AU - Hendrickson, Paul L AU - Horton, D G AU - Poston, Ted M AU - Rohay, Alan C AU - Thorne, Paul D AU - Wright, M K Y1 - 2000/09// PY - 2000 DA - September 2000 EP - unpaginated PB - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA KW - water quality KW - regulations KW - rivers and streams KW - characterization KW - unsaturated zone KW - vegetation KW - remediation KW - waste management KW - substrates KW - National Environmental Policy Act KW - meteorology KW - climate KW - hydrology KW - human activity KW - surface water KW - Columbia River Basalt Group KW - agriculture KW - Hanford Site KW - habitat KW - Tertiary KW - archaeological sites KW - economics KW - United States KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - lithostratigraphy KW - geologic hazards KW - ecosystems KW - environmental analysis KW - ground water KW - Cenozoic KW - controls KW - seismicity KW - floods KW - ecology KW - tectonics KW - Washington KW - legislation KW - pollution KW - Miocene KW - aquifers KW - lower Pliocene KW - wetlands KW - Neogene KW - runoff KW - Ellensburg Formation KW - Pliocene KW - aquatic environment KW - land use KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51384617?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Neitzel%2C+Duane+A%3BAntonio%2C+E+J%3BFosmire%2C+C+J%3BFowler%2C+Richard+A%3BGlantz%2C+Cliff+S%3BGoodwin%2C+Shannon+M%3BHarvey%2C+David+W%3BHendrickson%2C+Paul+L%3BHorton%2C+D+G%3BPoston%2C+Ted+M%3BRohay%2C+Alan+C%3BThorne%2C+Paul+D%3BWright%2C+M+K&rft.aulast=Neitzel&rft.aufirst=Duane&rft.date=2000-09-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Hanford+Site+National+Environmental+Policy+Act+%28NEPA%29+characterization&rft.title=Hanford+Site+National+Environmental+Policy+Act+%28NEPA%29+characterization&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.pnl.gov/publications/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - PubXState - WA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 64 tables, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04694 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agriculture; aquatic environment; aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; archaeological sites; Cenozoic; characterization; climate; Columbia River Basalt Group; controls; ecology; economics; ecosystems; Ellensburg Formation; environmental analysis; floods; geologic hazards; ground water; habitat; Hanford Site; human activity; hydrology; land use; legislation; lithostratigraphy; lower Pliocene; meteorology; Miocene; National Environmental Policy Act; Neogene; Pliocene; pollution; regulations; remediation; rivers and streams; runoff; seismicity; substrates; surface water; tectonics; Tertiary; United States; unsaturated zone; vegetation; Washington; waste management; water quality; wetlands ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mineral transformation associated with the microbial reduction of magnetite AN - 51340813; 2000-068916 AB - Although dissimilatory iron reducing bacteria (DIRB) are capable of reducing a number of metals in oxides and soluble forms, the factors controlling the rate/extent of magnetite reduction and the nature of the mineral products resulting from magnetite reduction are not well understood. This study was carried out to investigate mechanisms and biogeochemical processes occurring during magnetite reduction by the DIRB, Shewanella putrefaciens strains CN32 and MR-1. Reduction experiments were performed with biogenic and synthetic magnetite in well-defined solutions. Biogenic magnetite was generated via microbial reduction of hydrous ferric oxide (HFO). Biogenic magnetite in solutions buffered with either bicarbonate (HCO (sub 3) (super -) ) or 1,4-piperazinediethanesulfonic (PIPES), with or without P, was inoculated with strain CN32 and provided with lactate as the electron donor. Synthetic magnetite in a bacteriological growth medium (M1) was inoculated with either aerobically or anaerobically grown cells of strain (CN32 or MR-1). Fe(II) production was determined by HCl extraction of bioreduced samples in comparison to uninoculated controls, and the resulting solids were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Mossbauer spectroscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM). The extent and rate of biogenic magnetite reduction in the bicarbonate-buffered medium was higher than that in the PIPES-buffered medium, via complexation of bioproduced Fe(II) with HCO (sub 3) (super -) (or PO (sub 4) (super 3-) ) and formation of siderite (vivianite). S. putrefaciens CN32 reduced more synthetic than biogenic magnetite with differences attributed mainly to medium composition. In the HCO (sub 3) (super -) -buffered solutions, Fe(III) in the biogenic magnetite was reduced to Fe(II), and siderite precipitated. In the PIPES-buffered medium, Fe(III) in biogenic magnetite was also reduced to Fe(II), but no secondary mineral phases were observed. Vivianite formed in those solutions containing P and in all synthetic magnetite treatments where there was sufficient supply of P from the M1 medium. Electron microscopy and Mossbauer spectroscopy results suggest that the reduction process involves dissolution-precipitation mechanisms as opposed to solid state conversion of magnetite to vivianite or siderite. The aqueous medium, pH, strain type, and bacterial growth conditions all affected the extent of magnetite reduction. The ability of DIRB to utilize Fe(III) in crystalline magnetite as an electron acceptor could have significant implications for biogeochemical processes in sediments where Fe(III) in magnetite represents the largest pool of electron acceptor. JF - Chemical Geology AU - Dong, Hailiang AU - Fredrickson, James K AU - Kennedy, David W AU - Zachara, John M AU - Kukkadapu, Ravi K AU - Onstott, Tullis C A2 - Konhauser, Kurt O. A2 - Southam, Gordon Y1 - 2000/09// PY - 2000 DA - September 2000 SP - 299 EP - 318 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 169 IS - 3-4 SN - 0009-2541, 0009-2541 KW - iron oxides KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - buffers KW - crystal growth KW - Shewanella putrefaciens KW - Shewanella KW - laboratory studies KW - vivianite KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - reduction KW - geochemistry KW - Mossbauer spectra KW - biomineralization KW - experimental studies KW - geomicrobiology KW - biochemistry KW - phosphates KW - TEM data KW - solid phase KW - siderite KW - sample preparation KW - biogenic processes KW - bacteria KW - transformations KW - carbonates KW - SEM data KW - microorganisms KW - magnetite KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51340813?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Geology&rft.atitle=Mineral+transformation+associated+with+the+microbial+reduction+of+magnetite&rft.au=Dong%2C+Hailiang%3BFredrickson%2C+James+K%3BKennedy%2C+David+W%3BZachara%2C+John+M%3BKukkadapu%2C+Ravi+K%3BOnstott%2C+Tullis+C&rft.aulast=Dong&rft.aufirst=Hailiang&rft.date=2000-09-01&rft.volume=169&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=299&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Geology&rft.issn=00092541&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0009-2541%2800%2900210-2 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00092541 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 110th annual meeting, symposium on Geomicrobiology N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 53 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CHGEAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biochemistry; biogenic processes; biomineralization; buffers; carbonates; crystal growth; experimental studies; geochemistry; geomicrobiology; iron oxides; laboratory studies; magnetite; microorganisms; Mossbauer spectra; oxides; phosphates; reduction; sample preparation; SEM data; Shewanella; Shewanella putrefaciens; siderite; solid phase; spectra; TEM data; transformations; vivianite; X-ray diffraction data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2541(00)00210-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparative metabolism of carbon tetrachloride in rats, mice, and hamsters using gas uptake and PBPK modeling. AN - 72246791; 10983521 AB - No study has comprehensively compared the rate of metabolism of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) across species. Therefore, the in vivo metabolism of CCl4 was evaluated using groups of male animals (F344 rats, B6C3F1 mice, and Syrian hamsters) exposed to 40-1800 ppm CCl4 in a closed, recirculating gas-uptake system. For each species, an optimal fit of the family of uptake curves was obtained by adjusting Michaelis-Menten metabolic constants Km (affinity) and Vmax (capacity) using a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model. The results show that the mouse has a slightly higher capacity and lower affinity for metabolizing CCl4 compared to the rat, while the hamster has a higher capacity and lower affinity than either rat or mouse. A comparison of the Vmax to Km ratio, normalized for milligrams of liver protein (L/h/mg) across species, indicates that hamsters metabolize more CCl4 than either rats or mice, and should be more susceptible to CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity. These species comparisons were evaluated against toxicokinetic studies conducted in animals exposed by nose-only inhalation to 20 ppm 14C-labeled CCl4 for 4 h. The toxicokinetic study results are consistent with the in vivo rates of metabolism, with rats eliminating less radioactivity associated with metabolism (14CO2 and urine/feces) and more radioactivity associated with the parent compound (radioactivity trapped on charcoal) compared to either hamsters or mice. The in vivo metabolic constants determined here, together with in vitro constants determined using rat, mouse, hamster, and human liver microsomes, were used to estimate human in vivo metabolic rates of 1.49 mg/h/kg body weight and 0.25 mg/L for Vmax and Km, respectively. Normalizing the rate of metabolism (Vmax/Km) by milligrams liver protein, the rate of metabolism of CCl4 differs across species, with hamster > mouse > rat > human. JF - Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part A AU - Thrall, K D AU - Vucelick, M E AU - Gies, R A AU - Zangar, R C AU - Weitz, K K AU - Poet, T S AU - Springer, D L AU - Grant, D M AU - Benson, J M AD - Molecular Biosciences Department, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA. karla.thrall@pnl.gov Y1 - 2000/08/25/ PY - 2000 DA - 2000 Aug 25 SP - 531 EP - 548 VL - 60 IS - 8 SN - 1528-7394, 1528-7394 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Carbon Tetrachloride KW - CL2T97X0V0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Microsomes, Liver -- metabolism KW - Mice KW - Models, Biological KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Mesocricetus KW - Administration, Inhalation KW - Male KW - Cricetinae KW - Carbon Tetrachloride -- administration & dosage KW - Carbon Tetrachloride -- pharmacokinetics KW - Environmental Pollutants -- administration & dosage KW - Environmental Pollutants -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72246791?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health.+Part+A&rft.atitle=Comparative+metabolism+of+carbon+tetrachloride+in+rats%2C+mice%2C+and+hamsters+using+gas+uptake+and+PBPK+modeling.&rft.au=Thrall%2C+K+D%3BVucelick%2C+M+E%3BGies%2C+R+A%3BZangar%2C+R+C%3BWeitz%2C+K+K%3BPoet%2C+T+S%3BSpringer%2C+D+L%3BGrant%2C+D+M%3BBenson%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Thrall&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2000-08-25&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=531&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health.+Part+A&rft.issn=15287394&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2000-09-21 N1 - Date created - 2000-09-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Preconcentration and analysis of strontium-90 and technetium-99 from Hanford groundwater using solid phase extraction AN - 52217848; 2001-048135 JF - Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry AU - Fiskum, S K AU - Riley, R G AU - Thompson, C J Y1 - 2000/08// PY - 2000 DA - August 2000 SP - 261 EP - 272 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers and Akademiai Kiado, Dordrecht - Budapest VL - 245 IS - 2 SN - 0236-5731, 0236-5731 KW - United States KW - Sr-90 KW - isotopes KW - detection limit KW - data acquisition KW - data processing KW - ground water KW - interactive techniques KW - radioactive isotopes KW - geochemistry KW - technetium KW - concentration KW - alkaline earth metals KW - chemical analysis KW - Washington KW - precision KW - monitoring KW - chemical extraction KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - Tc-99 KW - migration of elements KW - hydrochemistry KW - aquifers KW - solid phase KW - metals KW - accuracy KW - strontium KW - instruments KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52217848?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Radioanalytical+and+Nuclear+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Preconcentration+and+analysis+of+strontium-90+and+technetium-99+from+Hanford+groundwater+using+solid+phase+extraction&rft.au=Fiskum%2C+S+K%3BRiley%2C+R+G%3BThompson%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Fiskum&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2000-08-01&rft.volume=245&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=261&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Radioanalytical+and+Nuclear+Chemistry&rft.issn=02365731&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - Document feature - 7 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JRNCDM N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; alkaline earth metals; aquifers; chemical analysis; chemical extraction; concentration; data acquisition; data processing; detection limit; geochemistry; ground water; Hanford Site; hydrochemistry; instruments; interactive techniques; isotopes; metals; migration of elements; monitoring; pollution; precision; radioactive isotopes; solid phase; Sr-90; strontium; Tc-99; technetium; United States; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Groundwater quality assessment for waste management area U; first determination AN - 51909898; 2004-001702 JF - PNNL (Pacific Northwest National Laboratory) AU - Hodges, F N AU - Chou, C J Y1 - 2000/08// PY - 2000 DA - August 2000 SP - 51 PB - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA KW - water quality KW - waste management KW - monitoring KW - pollution KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51909898?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Hodges%2C+F+N%3BChou%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Hodges&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=2000-08-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Groundwater+quality+assessment+for+waste+management+area+U%3B+first+determination&rft.title=Groundwater+quality+assessment+for+waste+management+area+U%3B+first+determination&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.pnl.gov/publications/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from NTIS database, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, (703)685-6900, order number DE00759254NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - WA N1 - SuppNotes - Contract AC06-76RL01830 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04694 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; ground water; monitoring; pollution; waste management; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mineralogic transformations associated with microbial reduction of magnetite AN - 51907129; 2004-002328 AB - Dissimilatory iron reducing bacteria are capable of reducing Fe(III) in poorly- crystalline to crystalline Fe oxides including hydrous ferric oxide (HFO), goethite, and hematite. The mixed valence Fe oxide magnetite has been shown to be a common end product of bacterial dissimilatory reduction of HFO. The formation of magnetite in sediments can potentially sequester two-thirds of the oxidation capacity of sediments and may make a major contribution to their magnetic properties. A series of experiments were conducted with biogenic magnetite, generated by the reduction of HFO by Shewanella putrefaciens CN32, to investigate the conditions that promote the reduction of Fe(III) and the resulting Fe(II) minerals. Biogenic magnetite in solutions buffered with either bicarbonate (HCO3-) or PIPES, with or without PO4, was inoculated with CN32 and provided with lactate as an electron donor to promote Fe(III) reduction. The extent and rate of magnetite reduction in the bicarbonate-buffered medium was higher than that in the PIPES-buffered medium due to complexation of bioproduced Fe(II) with HCO3- (or PO43-) and formation of siderite (vivianite). In the HCO3--buffered solutions, Fe(III) in the biogenic magnetite was reduced to Fe(II), and siderite precipitated. In the PIPES-buffered medium, Fe(III) in biogenic magnetite was also reduced to Fe(II), but secondary mineral phases were generally absent. Vivianite formed in those solutions containing P. The ability of DIRB to utilize Fe(III) in crystalline magnetite is, in general, consistent with predicted behavior based on thermodynamics and is mainly a function of pH, pCO2, pe and the concentration of complexing ions such as phosphate. The ability of DIRB to reduce sedimentary magnetite has significant implications for sedimentary biogeochemical processes. JF - International Geological Congress, Abstracts = Congres Geologique International, Resumes AU - Fredrickson, James K AU - Zachara, John M AU - Gorby, Yuri A AU - Dong, Hailiang AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000/08// PY - 2000 DA - August 2000 EP - unpaginated PB - [International Geological Congress], [location varies] VL - 31 KW - iron-reducing bacteria KW - experimental studies KW - iron oxides KW - buffers KW - Shewanella putrefaciens KW - phosphates KW - bicarbonate ion KW - Shewanella KW - siderite KW - biogenic processes KW - sedimentary rocks KW - vivianite KW - bacteria KW - oxides KW - reduction KW - transformations KW - geochemistry KW - carbonates KW - microorganisms KW - magnetite KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51907129?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Geological+Congress%2C+Abstracts+%3D+Congres+Geologique+International%2C+Resumes&rft.atitle=Mineralogic+transformations+associated+with+microbial+reduction+of+magnetite&rft.au=Fredrickson%2C+James+K%3BZachara%2C+John+M%3BGorby%2C+Yuri+A%3BDong%2C+Hailiang%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Fredrickson&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2000-08-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Geological+Congress%2C+Abstracts+%3D+Congres+Geologique+International%2C+Resumes&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Brazil 2000; 31st international geological congress N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by International Geological Congress Organizational Committee N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - File G0807016.PDF N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 N1 - CODEN - IGABBY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; bicarbonate ion; biogenic processes; buffers; carbonates; experimental studies; geochemistry; iron oxides; iron-reducing bacteria; magnetite; microorganisms; oxides; phosphates; reduction; sedimentary rocks; Shewanella; Shewanella putrefaciens; siderite; transformations; vivianite ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Upstream Passage Monitoring: Difficulties in Estimating Survival for Adult Chinook Salmon in the Columbia and Snake Rivers AN - 17685666; 4772612 AB - We reviewed current methods used to estimate survival of adult chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) as they migrate upstream past hydroelectric projects in the Columbia and Snake rivers, evaluated known and unaccounted-for loss factors, and assessed how adult survival estimates could be improved. Dam counts and associated passage conversion rates do not always provide accurate estimates of adult survival between hydroelectric projects. Expansion techniques for reconstructing run size and harvest rates also contribute to variability in estimates of run size and potential loss between hydroelectric projects. Use of passage conversion rates to estimate in-river survival of adult spring chinook salmon had less uncertainty than for estimates of other runs. Fixed-run cut-off dates for migration timing result in a high uncertainty for monitoring relative numbers of summer chinook salmon. We also found it difficult to reconstruct run size to spawning areas or to estimate interdam survival for all chinook in lower Snake River dams because of straying and high incidence (e.g., up to 40% at some projects) of fallback behavior. In-river survival estimates of adult chinook salmon would be improved by factoring adult fallback percentages into passage estimates, combining spring and summer runs for accounting purposes, and reassessing harvest accounting methods. JF - Fisheries AU - Dauble, D D AU - Mueller, R P AD - Environmental Technology Division; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Richland, WA 99352, USA, dd.dauble@pnl.gov Y1 - 2000/08// PY - 2000 DA - Aug 2000 SP - 24 EP - 34 VL - 25 IS - 8 SN - 0363-2415, 0363-2415 KW - Chinook salmon KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Rivers KW - USA, Snake R. KW - Fishways KW - Dams KW - Fishery surveys KW - USA, Columbia R. KW - Survival KW - Spawning migrations KW - Freshwater KW - Oncorhynchus tshawytscha KW - Q1 08421:Migrations and rhythms KW - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17685666?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fisheries&rft.atitle=Upstream+Passage+Monitoring%3A+Difficulties+in+Estimating+Survival+for+Adult+Chinook+Salmon+in+the+Columbia+and+Snake+Rivers&rft.au=Dauble%2C+D+D%3BMueller%2C+R+P&rft.aulast=Dauble&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2000-08-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=24&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fisheries&rft.issn=03632415&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Fishways; Fishery surveys; Dams; Survival; Spawning migrations; Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; USA, Snake R.; USA, Columbia R.; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of mainstem spawning habitats for two populations of fall chinook salmon in the Columbia River Basin AN - 17617786; 4756468 AB - Extensive hydroelectric development in the Columbia River system has eliminated most mainstem riverine habitat available for spawning by fall chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha). The two remaining populations, Hanford Reach, Columbia River and Hells Canyon Reach, Snake River, are separated geographically and their status is markedly different. Annual escapements to Hanford Reach have averaged approximately 80000 adults, while the Snake River run size has declined to < 1500 adults over the past 10 years. We compared their spawning habitat characteristics over a range of measurement scales, as a means to identify strategies for rebuilding the weak Snake River population. Physical habitat characteristics of redds were similar for both study areas. Redd locations were correlated with channel characteristics, such as braiding and sinuosity. Several differences between the two spawning areas were identified at the watershed scale: the Hells Canyon Reach had a much steeper longitudinal gradient, was largely confined by bedrock, and had a more variable flow regime. These features are controlling variables that operate at the reach-scale to limit the availability and size of substrate and other conditions that influence egg deposition and incubation survival. Geomorphological characteristics of the two study sites are sufficiently different to indicate that the production potential of the Hells Canyon Reach population is markedly lower than that of the Hanford Reach population. JF - Regulated Rivers: Research & Management AU - Dauble, D D AU - Geist AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, Richland, WA 99352-0999, USA Y1 - 2000/08// PY - 2000 DA - Aug 2000 SP - 345 EP - 361 VL - 16 IS - 4 SN - 0886-9375, 0886-9375 KW - Chinook salmon KW - North America, Columbia R. KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Rivers KW - USA, Columbia R. Basin KW - Fish (see also Individual groups) KW - Spawning grounds KW - Autumn KW - Hydroelectric Plants KW - Spawning KW - Ecological Effects KW - Habitat KW - Habitat selection KW - Oncorhynchus tshawytscha KW - Streams (in natural channels) KW - Ecology KW - Geomorphology KW - Aquatic Habitats KW - Power generation (Hydroelectric) KW - Fish KW - Spawning migrations KW - Fish Populations KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 4070:Ecological impact of water development KW - Q1 08423:Behaviour UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17617786?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Tracing+the+sources+and+history+of+subsurface+contamination+at+the+Hanford+Site+in+Washington+using+high-precision+uranium+isotopic+measurements&rft.au=Christensen%2C+John+N%3BDresel%2C+P+Evan%3BConrad%2C+Mark+E%3BMaher%2C+Kate%3BDePaolo%2C+Donald+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Christensen&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F669&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Spawning grounds; Autumn; Spawning migrations; Habitat selection; Ecology; Geomorphology; Fish (see also Individual groups); Power generation (Hydroelectric); Spawning; Habitat; Streams (in natural channels); Rivers; Aquatic Habitats; Hydroelectric Plants; Fish; Fish Populations; Ecological Effects; Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; USA, Columbia R. Basin DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1099-1646(200007/08)16:4<345::AID-RRR577>3.3.CO;2-I ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Affinity Purification of DNA and RNA from Environmental Samples with Peptide Nucleic Acid Clamps AN - 17616214; 4759793 AB - Bispeptide nucleic acids (bis-PNAs; PNA clamps), PNA oligomers, and DNA oligonucleotides were evaluated as affinity purification reagents for subfemtomolar 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) and rRNA targets in soil, sediment, and industrial air filter nucleic acid extracts. Under low-salt hybridization conditions (10 mM NaPO sub(4), 5 mM disodium EDTA, and 0.025% sodium dodecyl sulfate [SDS]) a PNA clamp recovered significantly more target DNA than either PNA or DNA oligomers. The efficacy of PNA clamps and oligomers was generally enhanced in the presence of excess nontarget DNA and in a low-salt extraction-hybridization buffer. Under high-salt conditions (200 mM NaPO sub(4), 100 mM disodium EDTA, and 0.5% SDS), however, capture efficiencies with the DNA oligomer were significantly greater than with the PNA clamp and PNA oligomer. Recovery and detection efficiencies for target DNA concentrations of greater than or equal to 100 pg were generally >20% but depended upon the specific probe, solution background, and salt condition. The DNA probe had a lower absolute detection limit of 100 fg of target (830 zM [1 zM = 10 super(-21) M]) in high-salt buffer. In the absence of exogenous DNA (e.g., soil background), neither the bis-PNA nor the PNA oligomer achieved the same absolute detection limit even under a more favorable low-salt hybridization condition. In the presence of a soil background, however, both PNA probes provided more sensitive absolute purification and detection (830 zM) than the DNA oligomer. In varied environmental samples, the rank order for capture probe performance in high-salt buffer was DNA > PNA > clamp. Recovery of 16S rRNA from environmental samples mirrored quantitative results for DNA target recovery, with the DNA oligomer generating more positive results than either the bis-PNA or PNA oligomer, but PNA probes provided a greater incidence of detection from environmental samples that also contained a higher concentration of nontarget DNA and RNA. Significant interactions between probe type and environmental sample indicate that the most efficacious capture system depends upon the particular sample type (and background nucleic acid concentration), target (DNA or RNA), and detection objective. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Chandler, D P AU - Stults, J R AU - Cebula, S AU - Schuck, B L AU - Weaver, D W AU - Anderson, K K AU - Egholm, M AU - Brockman, F J AD - Environmental Microbiology Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 900 Battelle Blvd., P.O. Box 999, Mail Stop P7-50, Richland, WA 99352, USA, dp.chandler@pnl.gov Y1 - 2000/08// PY - 2000 DA - Aug 2000 SP - 3438 EP - 3445 VL - 66 IS - 8 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - peptide nucleic acid clamps KW - peptide nucleic acids KW - rRNA 16S KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Affinity chromatography KW - Environmental monitoring KW - rRNA KW - A 01113:General KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W2 32243:Molecular methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17616214?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Affinity+Purification+of+DNA+and+RNA+from+Environmental+Samples+with+Peptide+Nucleic+Acid+Clamps&rft.au=Chandler%2C+D+P%3BStults%2C+J+R%3BCebula%2C+S%3BSchuck%2C+B+L%3BWeaver%2C+D+W%3BAnderson%2C+K+K%3BEgholm%2C+M%3BBrockman%2C+F+J&rft.aulast=Chandler&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2000-08-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=3438&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FAEM.66.8.3438-3445.2000 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - rRNA; Environmental monitoring; Affinity chromatography DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.66.8.3438-3445.2000 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Adsorption and desorption behavior of selected 10 CFR part 61 radionuclides from ion exchange resin by waters of different chemical composition AN - 51774032; 2005-000835 AB - A major concern associated with the disposal of low-level radioactive waste (LLW) is the eventual infiltration of water into the waste trenches, followed by leaching of the waste forms and subsequent transport of radionuclides away from the disposal site via groundwater. In order to model the performance of an existing or potential LLW disposal site, it is necessary to have empirical data that provides a measure of radionuclides associated with the various waste forms. Spent ion exchange resins constitute a major waste form for a large inventory of radionuclides at LLW waste disposal facilities. A knowledge of the retention behavior of radionuclides on these resins is critical to accurately estimating the release of radionuclides from the resins and their subsequent transport in site and offsite groundwater. Two sets of experiments were performed. The first set of experiments was designed to determines the binding strengths of 13 selected radionuclides on nuclear grade ion exchange resin that was in contact with groundwater. JF - PNNL (Pacific Northwest National Laboratory) AU - Robertson, D E AU - Pratt, S L AU - Thomas, C W Y1 - 2000/07// PY - 2000 DA - July 2000 SP - 68 PB - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - desorption KW - resins KW - isotopes KW - waste disposal sites KW - adsorption KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - chemical properties KW - nuclear facilities KW - ion exchange KW - waste disposal KW - leaching KW - chemical composition KW - low-level waste KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51774032?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Robertson%2C+D+E%3BPratt%2C+S+L%3BThomas%2C+C+W&rft.aulast=Robertson&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2000-07-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Adsorption+and+desorption+behavior+of+selected+10+CFR+part+61+radionuclides+from+ion+exchange+resin+by+waters+of+different+chemical+composition&rft.title=Adsorption+and+desorption+behavior+of+selected+10+CFR+part+61+radionuclides+from+ion+exchange+resin+by+waters+of+different+chemical+composition&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.pnl.gov/publications/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from NTIS database, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, (703)685-6900, order number NUREG/CR-6647NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - WA N1 - SuppNotes - Technical report N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04694 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; aquifer vulnerability; chemical composition; chemical properties; desorption; ground water; ion exchange; isotopes; leaching; low-level waste; nuclear facilities; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; resins; transport; waste disposal; waste disposal sites ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reconstruction of radionuclide contamination of the Techa River caused by liquid waste discharge from radiochemical production at the Mayak Production Association AN - 16126537; 4855373 AB - Because of its importance to reconstructing radiation doses for ongoing epidemiological studies, a feasibility study was undertaken to determine if the source term of radioactive materials released to the Techa River from the Mayak Production Association, the first facility in the former Soviet Union for the production of plutonium, could be reconstructed from historical measurements made at a limited number of downriver locations. The feasibility study used historically measured water flow rates and total-beta radioactivity measurements, and considered the processes of radioactive decay and of sorption/desorption. A simple radionuclide mass balance approach was used. To determine the rate of input of radionuclides to the Techa River system, the Techa River was depicted as a series of segments for which measurements are available. For each segment of the river, a system of recurrent (with time) equations was compiled for radioactivity balance accounting for the radioactivity inflow at the inflowing end, activity discharge with water at the outflowing end, and the reduction of activity because of radioactive decay. The equations change with time to account for the changing nature of the river regime. Effective sorption constants for super(90)Sr and super(137)Cs, which characterize the transport of radionuclides among the river system components (water and bottom sediments), were defined based on the inventory of these radionuclides deposited at each of the studied river segments and data on water concentration and radioactive removal. All the information on radioactive contamination of the river system components during the period 1949-1996 was used. Solution of the series of equations provided information on the rate of input of these radionuclides into the upper end of the river. The pilot study indicated that it is possible to determine the historical releases of a wider suite of radionuclides using the historical monitoring data from numerous locations along the river, rather than relying on a more uncertain reconstruction of quantities released at the point of discharge. Radionuclides considered include super(90)Sr, super(106)Ru, super(137)Cs, and super(144)Ce. Estimated concentrations of selected radionuclides at various times are presented. JF - Health Physics AU - Mokrov, Y AU - Glagolenko, Y AU - Napier, B AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA, Bruce.Napier@pnl.gov Y1 - 2000/07// PY - 2000 DA - Jul 2000 SP - 15 EP - 23 VL - 79 IS - 1 SN - 0017-9078, 0017-9078 KW - Russia, Techa R. KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Rivers KW - Water Pollution KW - Radioactive Wastes KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Cesium KW - Water Pollution Sources KW - Caesium KW - Cerium KW - Radioactive wastes KW - Radioactive pollution KW - Ruthenium KW - Freshwater KW - Water pollution KW - Wastewater Disposal KW - Downstream KW - Strontium KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - P 8000:RADIATION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16126537?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+Physics&rft.atitle=Reconstruction+of+radionuclide+contamination+of+the+Techa+River+caused+by+liquid+waste+discharge+from+radiochemical+production+at+the+Mayak+Production+Association&rft.au=Mokrov%2C+Y%3BGlagolenko%2C+Y%3BNapier%2C+B&rft.aulast=Mokrov&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2000-07-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=15&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+Physics&rft.issn=00179078&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2001-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Caesium; Cerium; Radioactive wastes; Ruthenium; Strontium; Water pollution; Pollution monitoring; Cesium; Radioactive pollution; Radioactive Wastes; Water Pollution; Water Pollution Sources; Wastewater Disposal; Downstream; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - New experimental developments for in situ XAFS studies of chemical reactions under hydrothermal conditions AN - 52354440; 2000-042074 AB - New experimental developments for in situ X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (XAFS) studies of hydrothermal systems are described. Improvements in materials of construction and the design of spectroscopic cells have allowed application of XAFS as a powerful method to derive the molecular structures of reacting species. Two different spectroscopic cells are described that are suitable for in situ XAFS studies of aqueous solutions under hydrothermal conditions. One cell consists of a titanium alloy body with a corrosion-resistant platinum-iridium insert and diamond windows for X-ray transmission. Using this cell, XAFS spectra were acquired on aqueous tungstate solutions up to 400 degrees C. The results demonstrate how XAFS can be used to study the speciation of isopolytungstates and their equilibria at high temperatures. Results from model calculations using the FEFF ab initio code are used to explain the observed spectral changes with changes in pH and temperature. The second XAFS cell consists of a simple fused-silica capillary having a 180 mu m inner diameter. High-quality spectra of a 0.2 molal nickel bromide solution were collected in these small capillaries demonstrating the feasibility of the approach to the study of a wide range of geochemical systems. Further, the XAFS spectra show that the nickel bromide solution irreversibly reacts with the fused-silica capillary at 425 degrees C. Based upon these observations, a potential use of the fused-silica capillary is suggested for in situ studies of silicate formation, or, in general, for studies of chemical interactions of hydrothermal brine solutions with quartz. JF - Chemical Geology AU - Hoffmann, Markus M AU - Darab, John G AU - Heald, Steve M AU - Yonker, Clement R AU - Fulton, John L A2 - Wesolowski, David J. A2 - Seward, Terry M. Y1 - 2000/06// PY - 2000 DA - June 2000 SP - 89 EP - 103 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 167 IS - 1-2 SN - 0009-2541, 0009-2541 KW - silicates KW - silica minerals KW - X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy KW - aqueous solutions KW - tungstates KW - platinum group KW - iridium KW - temperature KW - chemical reactions KW - diamond KW - X-ray analysis KW - framework silicates KW - crystal fractionation KW - pH KW - experimental studies KW - in situ KW - native elements KW - samples KW - new methods KW - hydrothermal conditions KW - molecular structure KW - titanium KW - platinum KW - metals KW - X-ray spectroscopy KW - quartz KW - nickel bromide KW - spectroscopy KW - sodium tungstate KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52354440?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Geology&rft.atitle=New+experimental+developments+for+in+situ+XAFS+studies+of+chemical+reactions+under+hydrothermal+conditions&rft.au=Hoffmann%2C+Markus+M%3BDarab%2C+John+G%3BHeald%2C+Steve+M%3BYonker%2C+Clement+R%3BFulton%2C+John+L&rft.aulast=Hoffmann&rft.aufirst=Markus&rft.date=2000-06-01&rft.volume=167&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=89&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Geology&rft.issn=00092541&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0009-2541%2899%2900202-8 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00092541 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 8th V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 41 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CHGEAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aqueous solutions; chemical reactions; crystal fractionation; diamond; experimental studies; framework silicates; hydrothermal conditions; in situ; iridium; metals; molecular structure; native elements; new methods; nickel bromide; pH; platinum; platinum group; quartz; samples; silica minerals; silicates; sodium tungstate; spectroscopy; temperature; titanium; tungstates; X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy; X-ray analysis; X-ray spectroscopy DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2541(99)00202-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sources and transport of anthropogenic radionuclides in the Ob River system, Siberia AN - 52336043; 2000-049902 AB - The potential sources of anthropogenic radionuclides to the Ob River system of western Siberia include global stratospheric fallout, tropospheric fallout from atomic weapons tests and releases from production and reprocessing facilities. Samples of water, suspended and bottom sediments collected in 1994 and 1995 have been used to characterize the sources and transport of (super 137) Cs, Pu isotopes, (super 237) Np and (super 129) I through the system. For the radionuclides that associate with particles, isotope ratios provide clues to their sources, providing any geochemical fractionation can be taken into account. Activity ratios of (super 239,240) Pu/ (super 137) Cs in suspended sediments are lower than the global fallout ratio in the Irtysh River before its confluence with the Ob, comparable to fallout in the central reach of the Ob, and greater than the fallout values in the lower Ob and in the Taz River. This pattern mirrors the downriver decrease in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations. Laboratory adsorption experiments with Ob River sediment and water show that K (sub d) values for Am (and presumably other actinides) are depressed by two orders of magnitude in the presence of Ob DOC concentrations, relative to values measured in DOC-free Ob water. Iodine and cesium K (sub d) values show little or no (less than a factor of 2) dependence on DOC. Mixing plots using plutonium isotope ratios (atom ratios) show that Pu in suspended sediments of the Ob is a mixture of stratospheric global fallout at northern latitudes, tropospheric fallout from the former Soviet Union test site at Semipalatinsk and reprocessing of spent fuel at Tomsk-7. Plutonium from Semipalatinsk is evident in the Irtysh River above its confluence with the Tobal. Suspended sediment samples taken in the Ob above its confluence with the Irtysh indicate the presence of Pu derived from the Tomsk-7 reprocessing facilities. A mixing plot constructed using (super 237) Np/ (super 239) Pu vs. (super 240) Pu/ (super 239) Pu shows similar mixtures of stratospheric and tropospheric fallout, with the likely addition of inputs from reprocessing facilities and reactor operations. As with Pu/Cs ratios, Np/Pu ratios could be modified by differential geochemical behaviors of Np and Pu. Dissolved (super 129) I only weakly interacts with particles in the Ob; size-fractionated sampling shows that the colloidal (super 129) I fraction (defined as 1 kDa-0.2 mu m) contains generally <5% relative to that passing a 0.2 mu m filter. Iodine-129 concentrations decrease from 8.3X10 (super 9) to 0.65X10 (super 9) atoms l (super -1) through the Ob system toward the Kara Sea, with highest values in the Tobal River and lowest in the Taz River. The likely source of the elevated (super 129) I in the Tobal is release from the production-reprocessing facilities at Mayak, and decreases downriver are predominantly due to dilution as the various tributaries with low (super 129) I join the system. Fluxes of (super 129) I to the lower Ob at Salekhard are <1% of the releases of this radionuclide from the nuclear fuel reprocessing facilities at Sellafield, UK and La Hague, France. JF - Earth and Planetary Science Letters AU - Cochran, J Kirk AU - Moran, S Bradley AU - Fisher, Nicholas S AU - Beasley, Thomas M AU - Kelley, James M Y1 - 2000/06// PY - 2000 DA - June 2000 SP - 125 EP - 137 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 179 IS - 1 SN - 0012-821X, 0012-821X KW - neptunium KW - isotopes KW - stream sediments KW - plutonium KW - halogens KW - Russian Federation KW - Ob River KW - environmental analysis KW - spatial distribution KW - iodine KW - Siberia KW - radioactive isotopes KW - I-129 KW - Commonwealth of Independent States KW - cesium KW - transport KW - sediments KW - drainage basins KW - Asia KW - geochemistry KW - fallout KW - pollutants KW - human activity KW - surface water KW - alkali metals KW - pollution KW - measurement KW - Cs-137 KW - metals KW - fluvial environment KW - actinides KW - Pu-240 KW - chemical fractionation KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52336043?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Surface+structure+effects+on+direct+reduction+of+iron+oxides+by+Shewanella+oneidensis&rft.au=Neal%2C+Andrew+L%3BRosso%2C+Kevin+M%3BGeesey%2C+Gill+G%3BGorby%2C+Yuri+A%3BLittle%2C+Brenda+J&rft.aulast=Neal&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=4489&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2803%2900386-7 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/0012821X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EPSLA2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; alkali metals; Asia; cesium; chemical fractionation; Commonwealth of Independent States; Cs-137; drainage basins; environmental analysis; fallout; fluvial environment; geochemistry; halogens; human activity; I-129; iodine; isotopes; measurement; metals; neptunium; Ob River; plutonium; pollutants; pollution; Pu-240; radioactive isotopes; Russian Federation; sediments; Siberia; spatial distribution; stream sediments; surface water; transport DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0012-821X(00)00110-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An investigation of the origin of Eu-152 in Columbia River sediment AN - 52067786; 2002-064466 JF - Health Physics AU - Gibbons, G J AU - Wells, D P AU - Johnson, V AU - Gesell, T F AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000/06// PY - 2000 DA - June 2000 SP - 140 EP - 141 PB - Pergamon, Long Island, NY VL - 78 IS - 6, Suppl. SN - 0017-9078, 0017-9078 KW - United States KW - isotopes KW - stream sediments KW - Eu-152 KW - rivers and streams KW - Grant County Washington KW - Franklin County Washington KW - radioactive isotopes KW - sediments KW - rare earths KW - europium KW - Benton County Washington KW - geochemistry KW - hydrology KW - concentration KW - Washington KW - pollutants KW - Columbia River KW - effluents KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - metals KW - nuclear facilities KW - fluvial environment KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52067786?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+Physics&rft.atitle=An+investigation+of+the+origin+of+Eu-152+in+Columbia+River+sediment&rft.au=Gibbons%2C+G+J%3BWells%2C+D+P%3BJohnson%2C+V%3BGesell%2C+T+F%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gibbons&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2000-06-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=6%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=140&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+Physics&rft.issn=00179078&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.health-physics.com/pt/re/healthphys/home.htm;jsessionid=G5qSTXSp0vDSHYTCTzDnLVFQz7CBNyYYSGk1jRLYMGG4QvPYTKvJ!1240718814!-949856144!8091!-1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Forty-fifth annual meeting of the Health Physics Society; American radiation safety conference and exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Benton County Washington; Columbia River; concentration; effluents; Eu-152; europium; fluvial environment; Franklin County Washington; geochemistry; Grant County Washington; Hanford Site; hydrology; isotopes; metals; nuclear facilities; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; rare earths; rivers and streams; sediments; stream sediments; United States; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Borehole data package for the 216-S-10 pond and ditch well 299-W26-13 AN - 51910474; 2004-001649 AB - One new Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) groundwater monitoring well was installed at the 216-S-10 pond and ditch during November and December 1999 in fulfillment of Tri-Party Agreement (Ecology 1996) milestone M-24-42. The well is 299-W26-13 and is located at the northeast corner to the 216-S-10 pond, southwest of 200 West Area. The well is a new downgradient well in the monitoring network. A figure shows the locations of all wells in the 216-S-10 pond and ditch monitoring network. The new well was constructed to the specifications and requirements described in Washington Administrative Code (WAC) 173-160 and WAC 173-303, the groundwater monitoring plan for the 216-S-10 pond and ditch (Airhart et al. 1990), and the description of work for well drilling and installation. During drilling and construction of well 299-W26-13, sampling and analysis activities were done to support remedial action, closure decisions at treatment, storage and disposal facilities, and to confirm preliminary site conceptual models developed in the 200-CS-1 Work Plan (DOE/RL 1999). This document compiles information on the drilling and construction, well development, pump installation, and sediment and groundwater testing applicable to well 299-W26-13. Appendix A contains the Well Summary Report, and the geologists log. Appendix B contains borehole geophysical logs. Additional documentation concerning well construction is on file with Bechtel Hanford, Inc., Richland, Washington. JF - PNNL (Pacific Northwest National Laboratory) AU - Horton, D G AU - Williams, B A AU - Cearlock, C S Y1 - 2000/06// PY - 2000 DA - June 2000 SP - 68 PB - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA KW - United States KW - soils KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - geophysical surveys KW - pollutants KW - waste disposal sites KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - hydrochemistry KW - remediation KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - detection KW - boreholes KW - surveys KW - nuclear facilities KW - waste disposal KW - water wells KW - geochemistry KW - construction KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51910474?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Horton%2C+D+G%3BWilliams%2C+B+A%3BCearlock%2C+C+S&rft.aulast=Horton&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2000-06-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Borehole+data+package+for+the+216-S-10+pond+and+ditch+well+299-W26-13&rft.title=Borehole+data+package+for+the+216-S-10+pond+and+ditch+well+299-W26-13&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.pnl.gov/publications/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from NTIS database, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, (703)685-6900, order number DE00755929NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - WA N1 - SuppNotes - Contract AC06-76RL01830 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04694 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boreholes; construction; detection; geochemistry; geophysical surveys; ground water; Hanford Site; hydrochemistry; monitoring; nuclear facilities; pollutants; pollution; radioactive waste; remediation; soils; surveys; United States; Washington; waste disposal; waste disposal sites; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Borehole data package for wells 299-E33-334 and 299-E33-335 at single-shell tank waste management area B-BX-BY AN - 51910239; 2004-001614 AB - Two new Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) groundwater monitoring wells were installed at the single-shell tank farm Waste Management Area (WMA) B-BX-BY during December 1999 through February 2000 in fulfillment of Tri-Party Agreement (Ecology 1996) Milestone M-24-45. The wells are 299-E33-334 and 299-E33-335. These wells were installed in support of the WMA B-BX-BY assessment to track the movement of contaminant plumes that appear to be entering the WMA from the northeast. Well 299-E33-334 is located outside the southwest corner of the 241-BX tank farm and well locations of all wells in the extended monitoring network for WMA B-BX-BY are shown in a figure. The new wells were constructed to the specifications and requirements described in Washington Administrative Code (WAC) 173-160 and WAC 173-303, in the assessment groundwater monitoring plan (Narbutovskih 2000), and in the description of work for well drilling and installation. This document compiles information on the drilling construction, well development, pump installation, and sampling activities applicable to wells 299-E33-334 and 299-E33-335. Appendix A contains copies of the Well Summary Sheets (as-built diagrams), the Well Construction Summary Reports, and the geologists logs. Appendix B contains results of laboratory analyses of moisture content on samples from 299-E33-334 (moisture data were not collected from well 299-E33-335). Appendix C contains analytical results from groundwater samples obtained during well construction. Additional documentation concerning well construction is on file with Bechtel Hanford, Inc. JF - PNNL (Pacific Northwest National Laboratory) AU - Horton, D G Y1 - 2000/06// PY - 2000 DA - June 2000 SP - 78 PB - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA KW - United States KW - soils KW - water quality KW - concentration KW - experimental studies KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - geophysical surveys KW - pollution KW - observation wells KW - Hanford Site KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - waste management KW - boreholes KW - surveys KW - waste disposal KW - water wells KW - geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51910239?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Horton%2C+D+G&rft.aulast=Horton&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2000-06-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Borehole+data+package+for+wells+299-E33-334+and+299-E33-335+at+single-shell+tank+waste+management+area+B-BX-BY&rft.title=Borehole+data+package+for+wells+299-E33-334+and+299-E33-335+at+single-shell+tank+waste+management+area+B-BX-BY&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.pnl.gov/publications/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from NTIS database, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, (703)685-6900, order number DE00755927NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - WA N1 - SuppNotes - Contract EW02J1080 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04694 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boreholes; concentration; experimental studies; geochemistry; geophysical surveys; ground water; Hanford Site; monitoring; observation wells; pollution; radioactive waste; soils; surveys; United States; Washington; waste disposal; waste management; water quality; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Vadose zone transport field study; detailed test plan for simulated leak tests AN - 51906632; 2004-001631 AB - The US Department of Energy (DOE) Groundwater/Vadose Zone Integration Project Science and Technology initiative was created in FY 1999 to reduce the uncertainty associated with vadose zone transport processes beneath waste sites at DOE's Hanford Site near Richland, Washington. This information is needed not only to evaluate the risks from transport, but also to support the adoption of measures for minimizing impacts to the groundwater and surrounding environment. The principal uncertainties in vadose zone transport are the current distribution of source contaminants and the natural heterogeneity of the soil in which the contaminants reside. Oversimplified conceptual models resulting from these uncertainties and limited use of hydrologic characterization and monitoring technologies have hampered the understanding contaminant migration through Hanford's vadose zone. Essential prerequisites for reducing vadose transport uncertainly include the development of accurate conceptual models and the development or adoption of monitoring techniques capable of delineating the current distributions of source contaminants and characterizing natural site heterogeneity. The Vadose Zone Transport Field Study (VZTFS) was conceived as part of the initiative to address the major uncertainties confronting vadose zone fate and transport predictions at the Hanford Site and to overcome the limitations of previous characterization attempts. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) is managing the VZTFS for DOE. The VZTFS will conduct field investigations that will improve the understanding of field-scale transport and lead to the development or identification of efficient and cost-effective characterization methods. Ideally, these methods will capture the extent of contaminant plumes using existing infrastructure (i.e., more than 1,300 steel-cased boreholes). The objectives of the VZTFS are to conduct controlled transport experiments at well-instrumented field sites at Hanford to: identify mechanisms controlling transport processes in soils typical of the hydrogeologic conditions of Hanford's waste disposal sites; reduce uncertainty in conceptual models; develop a detailed and accurate database of hydraulic and transport parameters for validation of three-dimensional numerical models; identify and evaluate advanced, cost-effective characterization methods with the potential to assess changing conditions in the vadose zone, particularly as surrogates of currently undetectable high-risk contaminants. This plan provides details for conducting field tests during FY 2000 to accomplish these objectives. Details of additional testing during FY 2001 and FY 2002 will be developed as part of the work planning process implemented by the Integration Project. JF - PNNL (Pacific Northwest National Laboratory) AU - Ward, A L AU - Gee, G W Y1 - 2000/06// PY - 2000 DA - June 2000 SP - 94 PB - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA KW - United States KW - soils KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - Washington KW - site exploration KW - pollutants KW - unsaturated zone KW - Richland Washington KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - mathematical models KW - cost KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - transport KW - planning KW - decontamination KW - theoretical models KW - risk assessment KW - Benton County Washington KW - waste disposal KW - field studies KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51906632?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Ward%2C+A+L%3BGee%2C+G+W&rft.aulast=Ward&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2000-06-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Vadose+zone+transport+field+study%3B+detailed+test+plan+for+simulated+leak+tests&rft.title=Vadose+zone+transport+field+study%3B+detailed+test+plan+for+simulated+leak+tests&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.pnl.gov/publications/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from NTIS database, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, (703)685-6900, order number DE00756986NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - WA N1 - SuppNotes - Contract AC06-76RL01830 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04694 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; Benton County Washington; cost; decontamination; field studies; ground water; Hanford Site; mathematical models; planning; pollutants; pollution; radioactive waste; Richland Washington; risk assessment; site exploration; soils; theoretical models; transport; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Borehole data package for well 299-W15-41 at single-shell tank waste management area TX-TY AN - 51364175; 2004-001615 AB - One new Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) groundwater monitoring well was installed at the single-shell tank farm Waste Management Area (WMA) TX-TY during December 1999 and January 2000 in fulfillment of Tri-Party Agreement (Ecology 1996) milestone M-24-43. The well is 299-W15-41 and is located south of the 241-TX tank farm and south of 20th Street in the 200 West Area. A figure shows the locations of all wells in the WMA TX-TY monitoring network. The new well was constructed to the specifications and requirements described in the Washington Administrative Code (WAC) 173-160 and WAC 173-303, the groundwater monitoring plan for WMA TX-TY (Caggiano and Goodwin 1991), the assessment plan for WMA TX-TY (Caggiano and Chou 1993), and the description of work for well drilling and installation. This document compiles information on the drilling and construction, well development, pump installation, and sediment testing applicable to well 299-WI 5-41. Appendix A contains the geologists log, the Well Construction Summary Report, and Well Summary Sheet (as-built diagram) and Appendix B contains borehole geophysical logs. Additional documentation concerning well construction is on file with Bechtel Hanford, Inc., Richland, Washington. JF - PNNL (Pacific Northwest National Laboratory) AU - Horton, D G AU - Hodges, F N Y1 - 2000/06// PY - 2000 DA - June 2000 SP - 35 PB - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA KW - United States KW - concentration KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - geophysical surveys KW - pollution KW - observation wells KW - Hanford Site KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - detection KW - boreholes KW - surveys KW - waste disposal KW - water wells KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51364175?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Horton%2C+D+G%3BHodges%2C+F+N&rft.aulast=Horton&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2000-06-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Borehole+data+package+for+well+299-W15-41+at+single-shell+tank+waste+management+area+TX-TY&rft.title=Borehole+data+package+for+well+299-W15-41+at+single-shell+tank+waste+management+area+TX-TY&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.pnl.gov/publications/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from NTIS database, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, (703)685-6900, order number DE00755928NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - WA N1 - SuppNotes - Contract AC06-76RL01830 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04694 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boreholes; concentration; detection; geophysical surveys; ground water; Hanford Site; monitoring; observation wells; pollution; radioactive waste; surveys; United States; Washington; waste disposal; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Improved plant-based production of E1 endoglucanase using potato: expression optimization and tissue targeting AN - 17656106; 4769739 AB - Optimization of Acidothermus cellulolyticus endoglucanase (E1) gene expression in transgenic potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) was examined in this study, where the E1 coding sequence was transcribed under control of a leaf specific promoter (tomato RbcS-3C) or the Mac promoter (a hybrid promoter of mannopine synthase promoter and cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter enhancer region). Average E1 activity in leaf extracts of potato transformants, in which E1 protein was targeted by a chloroplast signal peptide and an apoplast signal peptide were much higher than those by an E1 native signal peptide and a vacuole signal peptide. E1 protein accumulated up to 2.6% of total leaf soluble protein, where E1 gene was under control of the RbcS-3C promoter, alfalfa mosaic virus 5'-untranslated leader, and RbcS-2A signal peptide. E1 protein production, based on average E1 activity and E1 protein accumulation in leaf extracts, is higher in potato than those measured previously in transgenic tobacco bearing the same transgene constructs. Comparisons of E1 activity, protein accumulation, and relative mRNA levels showed that E1 expression under control of tomato RbcS-3C promoter was specifically localized in leaf tissues, while E1 gene was expressed in both leaf and tuber tissues under control of Mac promoter. This suggests dual-crop applications in which potato vines serve as enzyme production `bioreactors' while tubers are preserved for culinary applications. JF - Molecular Breeding AU - Dai, Z AU - Hooker, B S AU - Anderson, D B AU - Thomas AD - Bioprocessing Group, Environmental Technology Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O Box 999, MSIN: K2-10, Richland, WA 99352, USA Y1 - 2000/06// PY - 2000 DA - Jun 2000 SP - 277 EP - 285 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers VL - 6 IS - 3 SN - 1380-3743, 1380-3743 KW - transgenes KW - tobacco KW - E1 gene KW - double prime E1 gene KW - double prime E1 protein KW - endoglucanase E1 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - E1 protein KW - ^AE1 protein KW - Acidothermus cellulolyticus KW - Nicotiana tabacum KW - Transgenic plants KW - Gene expression KW - Bioreactors KW - Solanum tuberosum KW - W2 32065:Plants KW - G 07354:Dicotyledons (crops) KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17656106?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+Breeding&rft.atitle=Improved+plant-based+production+of+E1+endoglucanase+using+potato%3A+expression+optimization+and+tissue+targeting&rft.au=Dai%2C+Z%3BHooker%2C+B+S%3BAnderson%2C+D+B%3BThomas&rft.aulast=Dai&rft.aufirst=Z&rft.date=2000-06-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=277&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+Breeding&rft.issn=13803743&rft_id=info:doi/10.1023%2FA%3A1009653011948 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Solanum tuberosum; Acidothermus cellulolyticus; Nicotiana tabacum; Gene expression; Transgenic plants; Bioreactors DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009653011948 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of electron donor and solution chemistry on products of dissimilatory reduction of technetium by Shewanella putrefaciens AN - 17550819; 4734160 AB - To help provide a fundamental basis for use of microbial dissimilatory reduction processes in separating or immobilizing super(99)Tc in waste or groundwaters, the effects of electron donor and the presence of the bicarbonate ion on the rate and extent of pertechnetate ion [Tc(VII)O sub(4) super(-)] enzymatic reduction by the subsurface metal-reducing bacterium Shewanella putrefaciens CN32 were determined, and the forms of aqueous and solid-phase reduction products were evaluated through a combination of high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, and thermodynamic calculations. When H sub(2) served as the electron donor, dissolved Tc(VII) was rapidly reduced to amorphous Tc(IV) hydrous oxide, which was largely associated with the cell in unbuffered 0.85% NaCl and with extracellular particulates (0.2 to 0.001 mu m) in bicarbonate buffer. Cell-associated Tc was present principally in the periplasm and outside the outer membrane. The reduction rate was much lower when lactate was the electron donor, with extracellular Tc(IV) hydrous oxide the dominant solid-phase reduction product, but in bicarbonate systems much less Tc(IV) was associated directly with the cell and solid-phase Tc(IV) carbonate may have been present. In the presence of carbonate, soluble (<0.001 mu m) electronegative, Tc(IV) carbonate complexes were also formed that exceeded Tc(VII)O sub(4) super(-) in electrophoretic mobility. Thermodynamic calculations indicate that the dominant reduced Tc species identified in the experiments would be stable over a range of E sub(h) and pH conditions typical of natural waters. Thus, carbonate complexes may represent an important pathway for Tc transport in anaerobic subsurface environments, where it has generally been assumed that Tc mobility is controlled by low-solubility Tc(IV) hydrous oxide and adsorptive, aqueous Tc(IV) hydrolysis products. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Wildung, R E AU - Gorby, YA AU - Krupka, K M AU - Hess, N J AU - Li, S W AU - Plymale, A E AU - McKinley, J P AU - Fredrickson, J K AD - Environmental Science Research Center, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA, r.wildung@pnl.gov Y1 - 2000/06// PY - 2000 DA - Jun 2000 SP - 2451 EP - 2460 VL - 66 IS - 6 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Carbonic acid KW - Technetium KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Transmission electron microscopy KW - X-ray absorption spectroscopy KW - Shewanella putrefaciens KW - Reduction KW - Ground water KW - Lactic acid KW - Waste water KW - A 01056:Mineral microbiology KW - J 02723:Photosynthesis, electron transport and related phenomena UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17550819?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Effect+of+electron+donor+and+solution+chemistry+on+products+of+dissimilatory+reduction+of+technetium+by+Shewanella+putrefaciens&rft.au=Wildung%2C+R+E%3BGorby%2C+YA%3BKrupka%2C+K+M%3BHess%2C+N+J%3BLi%2C+S+W%3BPlymale%2C+A+E%3BMcKinley%2C+J+P%3BFredrickson%2C+J+K&rft.aulast=Wildung&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2000-06-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2451&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FAEM.66.6.2451-2460.2000 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Shewanella putrefaciens; Reduction; Transmission electron microscopy; Lactic acid; Waste water; Ground water; X-ray absorption spectroscopy DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.66.6.2451-2460.2000 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mitigation options in a sustainable development world AN - 1622604376; 20800708 AB - A sustainable world has often been assumed to be a world in which climate change will be dealt with automatically. But even in a future which emphasizes sustainability, there will still be limited resources and the need to balance competing demands on these resources. As the list of objectives for a sustainable world is quite long, climate objectives will need to compete with many other policy goals for resources. So it is of relevance to understand what the climatic outcomes of a sustainable world might be, what additional options to control emissions might be in place in this world, and how the costs might vary as additional policies are implemented, or assumptions about critical determinants of emissions vary. In this analysis, we focus on how a generic carbon tax varies as alternative assumptions about energy demand, the effectiveness of carbon sequestration, and climate goals are made. The result that emerges is that uncertainty is pervasive in the climate mitigation problem, and that despite the political difficulties of revisiting decisions on a regular basis, there is no way out of the need for adaptive policies which require constant reassessment of the goals and the effectiveness of the policies in place to reach these goals. JF - Environmental Economics and Policy Studies AU - Pitcher, Hugh M AD - Global Climate Change Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 901 D St SW, Washington, DC, 20024-2115, USA, hugh.pitcher@pnl.gov Y1 - 2000/06// PY - 2000 DA - June 2000 SP - 173 EP - 193 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 3 IS - 2 SN - 1432-847X, 1432-847X KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Energy demand KW - Taxation KW - Carbon sequestration KW - Mitigation KW - Environmental economics KW - Politics KW - Climate change KW - Emissions KW - Sustainable development KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1622604376?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Economics+and+Policy+Studies&rft.atitle=Mitigation+options+in+a+sustainable+development+world&rft.au=Pitcher%2C+Hugh+M&rft.aulast=Pitcher&rft.aufirst=Hugh&rft.date=2000-06-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=173&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Economics+and+Policy+Studies&rft.issn=1432847X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2FBF03354036 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Taxation; Energy demand; Carbon sequestration; Mitigation; Environmental economics; Politics; Climate change; Emissions; Sustainable development DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF03354036 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cadmium mutagenicity and human nucleotide excision repair protein XPA: CD, EXAFS and (1)H/(15)N-NMR spectroscopic studies on the zinc(II)- and cadmium(II)-associated minimal DNA-binding domain (M98-F219). AN - 71067666; 10783332 AB - Human XPA is a 31 kDa protein involved in nucleotide excision repair (NER), a ubiquitous, multi-enzyme pathway responsible for processing multiple types of DNA damage in the eukaryotic genome. A zinc-associated, C4-type motif (C105-X(2)-C108-X(17)-C126-X(2)-C129) located in the minimal DNA-binding region (M98-F219) of XPA (XPA-MBD) is essential for damaged DNA recognition. Cadmium is a known carcinogen and can displace the zinc in many metal-binding proteins. It has been suggested that the carcinogenic properties of cadmium may result from structural changes effected in XPA when Cd(2+) is substituted for Zn(2+) in the metal-binding site. The solution structure of XPA-MBD containing zinc(II) has recently been determined [Buchko et al., (1998) Nucleic Acids Res., 26, 2779-2788; Buchko et al., (1999) Biochemistry, 38, 15116-15128]. To assess the effects of cadmium(II) substitution on the structure of XPA-MBD, XPA-MBD was expressed in minimal medium supplemented with cadmium acetate to yield a protein that was almost exclusively (>95%) associated with cadmium(II) (CdXPA-MBD). Extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectra collected on ZnXPA-MBD and CdXPA-MBD in frozen (77 K) 15% aqueous glycerol solution show that the metal is coordinated to the sulfur atoms of four cysteine residues with an average metal-sulfur bond length of 2.34 +/- 0.01 and 2.54 +/- 0.01 A, respectively. Comparison of the circular dichroism, two-dimensional (1)H,(15)N-HSQC, and three-dimensional (15)N-edited HSQC-NOESY spectra of ZnXPA-MBD and CdXPA-MBD show that there are no structural differences between the two proteins. The absence of major structural changes upon substituting cadmium(II) for zinc(II) in XPA suggests that cadmium-induced mutagenesis is probably not due to structural perturbations to the zinc-binding core of XPA. JF - Carcinogenesis AU - Buchko, G W AU - Hess, N J AU - Kennedy, M A AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratories, Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory and Biogeochemistry Resources, Richland, WA 99352, USA. Y1 - 2000/05// PY - 2000 DA - May 2000 SP - 1051 EP - 1057 VL - 21 IS - 5 SN - 0143-3334, 0143-3334 KW - DNA-Binding Proteins KW - 0 KW - Mutagens KW - Nitrogen Isotopes KW - Protons KW - XPA protein, human KW - Xeroderma Pigmentosum Group A Protein KW - Cadmium KW - 00BH33GNGH KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Zinc KW - J41CSQ7QDS KW - Index Medicus KW - Electron Probe Microanalysis KW - DNA Repair KW - Humans KW - Circular Dichroism KW - Xeroderma Pigmentosum -- metabolism KW - Protein Binding KW - Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy KW - Cadmium -- metabolism KW - DNA -- metabolism KW - Zinc -- metabolism KW - Cadmium -- toxicity KW - Mutagens -- toxicity KW - DNA -- chemistry KW - DNA-Binding Proteins -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71067666?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=Cadmium+mutagenicity+and+human+nucleotide+excision+repair+protein+XPA%3A+CD%2C+EXAFS+and+%281%29H%2F%2815%29N-NMR+spectroscopic+studies+on+the+zinc%28II%29-+and+cadmium%28II%29-associated+minimal+DNA-binding+domain+%28M98-F219%29.&rft.au=Buchko%2C+G+W%3BHess%2C+N+J%3BKennedy%2C+M+A&rft.aulast=Buchko&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2000-05-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2000-06-15 N1 - Date created - 2000-06-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Decorporation: officially a word. AN - 71051101; 10772031 AB - This note is the brief history of a word. Decorporation is a scientific term known to health physicists who have an interest in the removal of internally deposited radionuclides from the body after an accidental or inadvertent intake. Although the word decorporation appears many times in the radiation protection literature, it was only recently accepted by the editors of the Oxford English Dictionary as an entry for their latest edition. JF - Health physics AU - Fisher, D R AD - Hanford Radioisotopes and Medical Sciences Program, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA. dr.fisher@pnl.gov Y1 - 2000/05// PY - 2000 DA - May 2000 SP - 563 EP - 565 VL - 78 IS - 5 SN - 0017-9078, 0017-9078 KW - Index Medicus KW - History of medicine KW - Radiation Injuries -- history KW - History, 20th Century KW - Humans KW - Radiobiology -- history KW - Health Physics -- history KW - Terminology as Topic UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71051101?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+physics&rft.atitle=Decorporation%3A+officially+a+word.&rft.au=Schaef%2C+H+Todd%3BMcGrail%2C+B+Peter%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Schaef&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=&rft.spage=124&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Abstracts+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.issn=00940038&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2000-05-04 N1 - Date created - 2000-05-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Intrinsic acidity of aluminum, chromium (III) and iron (III) mu (sub 3) -hydroxo functional groups from ab initio electronic structure calculations AN - 52348735; 2000-042684 JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Rustad, James R AU - Dixon, David A AU - Felmy, Andrew R Y1 - 2000/05// PY - 2000 DA - May 2000 SP - 1675 EP - 1680 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 64 IS - 10 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - boehmite KW - iron oxides KW - data processing KW - crystal structure KW - iron KW - hydroxyl ion KW - chromium oxides KW - aluminum oxides KW - metals KW - aluminum KW - lepidocrocite KW - digital simulation KW - theoretical models KW - oxides KW - pH KW - chromium KW - electrons KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52348735?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Intrinsic+acidity+of+aluminum%2C+chromium+%28III%29+and+iron+%28III%29+mu+%28sub+3%29+-hydroxo+functional+groups+from+ab+initio+electronic+structure+calculations&rft.au=Rustad%2C+James+R%3BDixon%2C+David+A%3BFelmy%2C+Andrew+R&rft.aulast=Rustad&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2000-05-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1675&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aluminum; aluminum oxides; boehmite; chromium; chromium oxides; crystal structure; data processing; digital simulation; electrons; hydroxyl ion; iron; iron oxides; lepidocrocite; metals; oxides; pH; theoretical models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mode of Action of Liver Tumor Induction by Trichloroethylene and Its Metabolites, Trichloroacetate and Dichloroacetate AN - 17615067; 4761355 AB - Trichloroethylene (TCE) induces liver cancer in mice but not in rats. Three metabolites of TCE may contribute - chloral hydrate (CH), dichloroacetate (DCA), and trichloroacetate (TCA). CH and TCA appear capable of only inducing liver tumors in mice, but DCA is active in rats as well. The concentrations of TCA in blood required to induce liver cancer approach the mM range. Concentrations of DCA in blood associated with carcinogenesis are in the sub- mu M range. The carcinogenic activity of CH is largely dependent on its conversion to TCA and/or DCA. TCA is a peroxisome proliferator in the same dose range that induces liver cancer. Mice with targeted disruptions of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR alpha ) are insensitive to the liver cancer-inducing properties of other peroxisome proliferators. Human cells do not display the responses associated with PPAR alpha that are observed in rodents. This may be attributed to lower levels of expressed PPAR alpha in human liver. DCA treatment produces liver tumors with a different phenotype than TCA. Its tumorigenic effects are closely associated with differential effects on cell replication rates in tumors, normal hepatocytes, and suppression of apoptosis. Growth of DCA-induced tumors has been shown to arrest after cessation of treatment. The DCA and TCA adequately account for the hepatocarcinogenic responses to TCE. Low-level exposure to TCE is not likely to induce liver cancer in humans. Higher exposures to TCE could affect sensitive populations. Sensitivity could be based on different metabolic capacities for TCE or its metabolites or result from certain chronic diseases that have a genetic basis. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Bull, R J AD - Molecular Biosciences Dept., Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999 P7-56, Richland, WA 99352-0999, USA, dick.bull@pnl.gov Y1 - 2000/05// PY - 2000 DA - May 2000 SP - 241 EP - 259 VL - 108 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - dichloroacetic acid KW - peroxisome proliferators KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Carcinogenicity KW - Liver KW - Trichloroethylene KW - Trichloroacetic acid KW - X 24153:Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17615067?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Mode+of+Action+of+Liver+Tumor+Induction+by+Trichloroethylene+and+Its+Metabolites%2C+Trichloroacetate+and+Dichloroacetate&rft.au=Bull%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Bull&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2000-05-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=&rft.spage=241&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Liver; Carcinogenicity; Trichloroethylene; Trichloroacetic acid ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reduction of Fe(III), Cr(VI), U(VI), and Tc(VII) by Deinococcus radiodurans R1 AN - 17540687; 4724067 AB - Deinococcus radiodurans is an exceptionally radiation-resistant microorganism capable of surviving acute exposures to ionizing radiation doses of 15,000 Gy and previously described as having a strictly aerobic respiratory metabolism. Under strict anaerobic conditions, D. radiodurans R1 reduced Fe(III)-nitrilotriacetic acid coupled to the oxidation of lactate to CO sub(2) and acetate but was unable to link this process to growth. D. radiodurans reduced the humic acid analog anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate (AQDS) to its dihydroquinone form, AH sub(2)DS, which subsequently transferred electrons to the Fe(III) oxides hydrous ferric oxide and goethite via a previously described electron shuttle mechanism. D. radiodurans reduced the solid-phase Fe(III) oxides in the presence of either 0.1 mM AQDS or leonardite humic acids (2 mg ml super(-1)) but not in their absence. D. radiodurans also reduced U(VI) and Tc(VII) in the presence of AQDS. In contrast, Cr(VI) was directly reduced in anaerobic cultures with lactate although the rate of reduction was higher in the presence of AQDS. The results are the first evidence that D. radiodurans can reduce Fe(III) coupled to the oxidation of lactate or other organic compounds. Also, D. radiodurans, in combination with humic acids or synthetic electron shuttle agents, can reduce U and Tc and thus has potential applications for remediation of metal- and radionuclide-contaminated sites where ionizing radiation or other DNA-damaging agents may restrict the activity of more sensitive organisms. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Fredrickson, J K AU - Kostandarithes, H M AU - Li, S W AU - Plymale, A E AU - Daly, MJ AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MSIN P7-50, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA, jim.fredrickson@pnl.gov Y1 - 2000/05// PY - 2000 DA - May 2000 SP - 2006 EP - 2011 VL - 66 IS - 5 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Contaminated soil bioremediation KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Biodegradation KW - Chromium KW - Radioactive pollution KW - Anaerobic conditions KW - Reduction KW - Humic acids KW - Uranium KW - Radioresistance KW - Deinococcus radiodurans KW - Iron KW - A 01056:Mineral microbiology KW - J 02722:Biodegradation, growth, nutrition and leaching UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17540687?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Reduction+of+Fe%28III%29%2C+Cr%28VI%29%2C+U%28VI%29%2C+and+Tc%28VII%29+by+Deinococcus+radiodurans+R1&rft.au=Fredrickson%2C+J+K%3BKostandarithes%2C+H+M%3BLi%2C+S+W%3BPlymale%2C+A+E%3BDaly%2C+MJ&rft.aulast=Fredrickson&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2000-05-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=2006&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FAEM.66.5.2006-2011.2000 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Deinococcus radiodurans; Reduction; Radioresistance; Radioactive pollution; Iron; Chromium; Uranium; Biodegradation; Anaerobic conditions; Humic acids DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.66.5.2006-2011.2000 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Oxygenation of anoxic water in a fluctuating water table system: an experimental and numerical study AN - 17599976; 4704031 AB - A side effect of in situ groundwater remediation techniques that operate by establishing reducing conditions within an aquifer is that anoxic water exits these zones, posing a potential risk to aquatic organisms inhabiting areas of groundwater discharge downgradient from the site. A number of processes have been identified that can attenuate an anoxic plume in an unconfined aquifer with a fluctuating water table. The hypothesis that water table fluctuations increase oxygen transfer from air to water, through enhanced exchange from entrapped air, is tested in an intermediate-scale, fluctuating water table experiment. A dual-energy gamma radiation system was used to measure water saturations while dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations were measured with flow-through oxygen microelectrodes. A hysteretic multifluid simulator was used to test whether the experimentally obtained water and entrapped air saturations, as well as DO concentrations, could be predicted using the assumptions of two-phase flow and equilibrium partitioning between the gas and the aqueous phases. The experimental results show that zones with entrapped air, formed during the imbibition portions of the experiment, were instrumental in re-oxygenation of the water. The fluctuating water table system also caused significant amounts of dissolved oxygen to be transported deeper into the flow cell. The simulator was able to predict water and entrapped air saturations, as well as dissolved oxygen concentrations reasonably well. JF - Journal of Hydrology (Amsterdam) AU - Williams, MD AU - Oostrom, M AD - Environmental Technology Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999 MS K9-33, Richland, WA 99352, USA, mart.oostrom@pnl.gov Y1 - 2000/04/28/ PY - 2000 DA - 2000 Apr 28 SP - 70 EP - 85 PB - Elsevier Science B.V. VL - 230 IS - 1-2 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Aquifers KW - Oxygenation (see also Aeration; Re-oxygenation) KW - Groundwater Barriers KW - Water level KW - Dissolved Oxygen KW - Water table KW - Oxygenation KW - Groundwater Pollution KW - Water Table KW - Pollution (Groundwater) KW - Water Level Fluctuations KW - Remediation KW - Oxygen (Dissolved) KW - Plumes KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0840:Groundwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17599976?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.atitle=Oxygenation+of+anoxic+water+in+a+fluctuating+water+table+system%3A+an+experimental+and+numerical+study&rft.au=Williams%2C+MD%3BOostrom%2C+M&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=MD&rft.date=2000-04-28&rft.volume=230&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=70&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0022-1694%2800%2900172-4 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Oxygenation; Water Table; Water Level Fluctuations; Groundwater Pollution; Remediation; Aquifers; Plumes; Dissolved Oxygen; Groundwater Barriers; Oxygenation (see also Aeration; Re-oxygenation); Water table; Water level; Pollution (Groundwater); Oxygen (Dissolved) DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1694(00)00172-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In vivo MRI measurements of tumor growth induced by dichloroacetate: implications for mode of action AN - 17531787; 4719224 AB - Dichloroacetate (DCA) is an important by-product of the chlorination of drinking water that produces liver cancer in rodents. Assessment of the risk that results from concentrations that occur in drinking water will be dependent upon the mode of action held responsible for these tumors. A study by Stauber and Bull in mice treated with DCA demonstrated a lesion distribution that was skewed towards many small, altered foci of cells that are assumed to be precursor lesions. The present study was designed to determine the extent to which the tumorigenic effects of DCA could be explained by its effect on tumor growth rates (i.e. tumor promoting activity). In vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allowed accurate determination of growth rates of individual lesions in mice that had been treated with DCA in drinking water at 2 g/l. Out of thirty treated mice, ten were found to have hepatic tumors detectable by MRI at 48 weeks of treatment. These tumor-bearing animals were assigned to two groups matched on the size of lesions observed by in vivo MR1. Treatment with DCA continued in one group of five mice and was stopped in the other. For both groups, tumor growth rates were determined by measuring changes in size of all lesions greater than 1 mm super(3) in volume during a 14-day period. Removal of DCA treatment resulted in growth rates that could not be distinguished from zero across all lesion sizes represented in the sample. These data are in agreement with previous observations of DCAs effects on replication rates within tumors. Tumor growth rates observed in animals maintained on treatment decreased with lesion volume in a manner that is consistent with a stochastic Gompertz birth-death process proposed by Tan. Parameters of this model obtained by fitting measured growth rates were used to predict the lesion-size distribution expected after one year of DCA treatment. The shape of the predicted lesion-size distribution was similar to that observed by Stauber and Bull in mice sacrificed after 40 weeks of DCA treatment. We conclude that the effects of DCA on the division and/or death rates of spontaneously initiated cells can account for the predominance of small lesions in DCA-treated animals. JF - Toxicology AU - Miller, J H AU - Minard, K AU - Wind, R A AU - Orner, G A AU - Sasser, L B AU - Bull, R J AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Molecular Biosciences, PO Box 999-P7-56, Richland, WA 99352, USA, dick.bull@pnl.gov Y1 - 2000/04/14/ PY - 2000 DA - 2000 Apr 14 SP - 115 EP - 125 VL - 145 IS - 2-3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - mice KW - dichloroacetic acid KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Liver KW - Tumorigenicity KW - Chlorination KW - Drinking water KW - Cancer KW - X 24120:Food, additives & contaminants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17531787?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=In+vivo+MRI+measurements+of+tumor+growth+induced+by+dichloroacetate%3A+implications+for+mode+of+action&rft.au=Miller%2C+J+H%3BMinard%2C+K%3BWind%2C+R+A%3BOrner%2C+G+A%3BSasser%2C+L+B%3BBull%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2000-04-14&rft.volume=145&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=115&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Drinking water; Chlorination; Liver; Cancer; Tumorigenicity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A real-time in-vivo method for studying the percutaneous absorption of volatile chemicals. AN - 71142128; 10828137 AB - Realistic estimates of percutaneous absorption following exposures to solvents in the workplace, or through contaminated soil and water, are critical to understanding human health risks. A method was developed to determine dermal uptake of solvents under non-steady-state conditions using real-time breath analysis in rats, monkeys, and humans. The exhaled breath was analyzed using an ion-trap mass spectrometer, which can quantitate chemicals in the exhaled breath stream in the 1-5 ppb range. The resulting data were evaluated using physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models to estimate dermal permeability constants (Kp) under various exposure conditions. The effects of exposure matrix (soil versus water), occlusion versus non-occlusion, and species differences on the absorption of methyl chloroform, trichloroethylene, and benzene were compared. Exposure concentrations were analyzed before and at 0.5-hour intervals throughout the exposures. The percentage of each chemical absorbed and the corresponding Kp were estimated by optimization of the PBPK model to the medium concentration and the exhaled-breath data. The method was found to be sufficiently sensitive for animal and human dermal studies at low exposure concentrations over small body surface areas, for short periods, using non-steady-state exposure conditions. JF - International journal of occupational and environmental health AU - Thrall, K D AU - Poet, T S AU - Corley, R A AU - Tanojo, H AU - Edwards, J A AU - Weitz, K K AU - Hui, X AU - Maibach, H I AU - Wester, R C AD - Molecular Biosciences Department, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Mail Stop P7-59, Richland, WA 99352, USA. karla.thrall@pnl.gov PY - 2000 SP - 96 EP - 103 VL - 6 IS - 2 SN - 1077-3525, 1077-3525 KW - Organic Chemicals KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Volatilization KW - Macaca mulatta KW - Models, Biological KW - Breath Tests KW - Organic Chemicals -- adverse effects KW - Organic Chemicals -- metabolism KW - Skin Absorption KW - Occupational Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Occupational Exposure -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71142128?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+journal+of+occupational+and+environmental+health&rft.atitle=A+real-time+in-vivo+method+for+studying+the+percutaneous+absorption+of+volatile+chemicals.&rft.au=Thrall%2C+K+D%3BPoet%2C+T+S%3BCorley%2C+R+A%3BTanojo%2C+H%3BEdwards%2C+J+A%3BWeitz%2C+K+K%3BHui%2C+X%3BMaibach%2C+H+I%3BWester%2C+R+C&rft.aulast=Thrall&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2000-04-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=96&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+journal+of+occupational+and+environmental+health&rft.issn=10773525&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2000-07-24 N1 - Date created - 2000-07-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Kinetics and mechanism of surface reaction of salicylate on alumina in colloidal aqueous suspension AN - 52370684; 2000-030600 AB - The rate and possible mechanism of formation for the bidentate surface species that have previously been shown to dominate the surface speciation of sorbed salicylate are investigated. The results indicate that the adsorption path of O-salicylate anion has both similarities to and differences from the path deduced for the homogenous reaction of aqueous Al (super 3+) and salicylate. The aqueous reaction is characterized as an Eigen-Wilkens-Werner mechanism, and the slow step is the elimination of H (sub 2) O in the formation of an intermediate monodentate species. The kinetics of salicylate adsorption are dependent upon surface site speciation. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Wang, Z AU - Ainsworth, C C AU - Friedrich, D M AU - Gassman, P L AU - Joly, A G Y1 - 2000/04// PY - 2000 DA - April 2000 SP - 1159 EP - 1172 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 64 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - complexing KW - suspended materials KW - substitution KW - salicylate KW - aqueous solutions KW - ions KW - emission spectra KW - laboratory studies KW - activation energy KW - ligands KW - chemical reactions KW - aluminum oxides KW - fluorescence KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - colloidal materials KW - mineral-water interface KW - rates KW - adsorption KW - organo-metallics KW - hydroxyl ion KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - instruments KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52370684?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Kinetics+and+mechanism+of+surface+reaction+of+salicylate+on+alumina+in+colloidal+aqueous+suspension&rft.au=Wang%2C+Z%3BAinsworth%2C+C+C%3BFriedrich%2C+D+M%3BGassman%2C+P+L%3BJoly%2C+A+G&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Z&rft.date=2000-04-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1159&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2899%2900360-9 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 47 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - activation energy; adsorption; aluminum oxides; aqueous solutions; chemical reactions; colloidal materials; complexing; emission spectra; fluorescence; geochemistry; hydroxyl ion; instruments; ions; kinetics; laboratory studies; ligands; mineral-water interface; organic acids; organic compounds; organo-metallics; oxides; pH; rates; salicylate; spectra; substitution; suspended materials DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(99)00360-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sources of the transuranic elements plutonium and neptunium in arctic marine sediments AN - 52295829; 2000-074648 AB - We report here thermal ionization mass spectrometry measurements of (super 239) Pu, (super 240) Pu, (super 241) Pu, (super 242) Pu, and (super 237) Np isolated from oceanic, estuarine, and riverine sediments from the Arctic Ocean Basin. (super 238) Pu/ (super 239+240) Pu activity ratios are also reported for alpha spectrometric analyses undertaken on a subset of these samples. Our results indicate that the Pu in sediments on the Alaskan shelf and slope, as well as that in the deep basins (Amerasian and Eurasian) of the Arctic Ocean, has its origin in stratospheric and tropospheric fallout. Sediments from the Ob and Yenisei Rivers show isotopic Pu signatures that are distinctly different from those of northern-hemisphere stratospheric fallout and indicate the presence of weapons-grade Pu originating from nuclear fuel reprocessing wastes generated at Russian facilities within these river catchments. Consequently, sediments of the Eurasian Arctic Ocean, particularly those in the Barents and Kara Seas, probably contain a mixture of Pu from stratospheric fallout, tropospheric fallout, and fuel-reprocessing wastes of riverine origin. In particular, the (super 241) Pu/ (super 239) Pu ratios observed in these sediments are inconsistent with significant contributions of Pu to the arctic sediments studied from western European reprocessing facilities, principally Sellafield in the UK. Several other potential sources of Pu to arctic sediments can also be excluded as significant based upon the transuranic isotope ratios presented. JF - Marine Chemistry AU - Cooper, Lee W AU - Kelley, J M AU - Bond, L A AU - Orlandini, K A AU - Grebmeier, J M Y1 - 2000/04// PY - 2000 DA - April 2000 SP - 253 EP - 276 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 69 IS - 3-4 SN - 0304-4203, 0304-4203 KW - Pu-240/Pu-239 KW - neptunium KW - Np-237 KW - isotopes KW - pollutants KW - plutonium KW - isotope ratios KW - Pu-239 KW - thermal ionization mass spectra KW - pollution KW - mass spectra KW - Pu-242 KW - provenance KW - marine sediments KW - radioactive isotopes KW - metals KW - sediments KW - Arctic Ocean KW - spectra KW - chemical composition KW - actinides KW - Pu-241 KW - Pu-240 KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52295829?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Sources+of+the+transuranic+elements+plutonium+and+neptunium+in+arctic+marine+sediments&rft.au=Cooper%2C+Lee+W%3BKelley%2C+J+M%3BBond%2C+L+A%3BOrlandini%2C+K+A%3BGrebmeier%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Cooper&rft.aufirst=Lee&rft.date=2000-04-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=253&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Chemistry&rft.issn=03044203&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03044203 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 70 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - MRCHBD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; Arctic Ocean; chemical composition; isotope ratios; isotopes; marine sediments; mass spectra; metals; neptunium; Np-237; plutonium; pollutants; pollution; provenance; Pu-239; Pu-240; Pu-240/Pu-239; Pu-241; Pu-242; radioactive isotopes; sediments; spectra; thermal ionization mass spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fine-scale heterogeneity within late-Pleistocene glacial deposits, Fort Lewis, Washington AN - 52208852; 2001-040037 AB - A high-density borehole network, associated with the installation of an in-situ redox manipulation (ISRM) proof-of-principle test to treat TCE-contaminated groundwater, exists within the southern Puget Lowland. The network includes 16 sonically drilled boreholes, as well as two pre-existing borings within a 400 square-meter area. Borings were advanced up to 25 m through Vashon-Stage glacial outwash and till, terminating in the underlying low-permeability Olympia non-glacial (fluvial) deposits. Vashon drift consists of at least two weakly consolidated gravelly ablation till layers separated by three sequences of coarse-textured glacial outwash gravel and/or sand. A third till layer, which lay atop the non-glacial deposits in a single boring, appears to be a much older, pre-Vashon-age lodgement till. Lateral discontinuities, thickness variations, and topographic relief atop facies, complicate stratigraphic correlations within Vashon drift, even among boreholes only meters apart. The degree of heterogeneity observed within this small volume emphasizes the need for caution when stratigraphic interpretations and correlations of glacial deposits are made on a more regional scale. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Bjornstad, Bruce N AU - Vermeul, Vince R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000/04// PY - 2000 DA - April 2000 SP - 3 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 32 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - lithostratigraphy KW - Pierce County Washington KW - outwash KW - well-logging KW - drift KW - cores KW - ground water KW - upper Pleistocene KW - Cenozoic KW - Puget Lowland KW - glaciated terrains KW - sediments KW - heterogeneity KW - Washington KW - Quaternary KW - clastic sediments KW - pollution KW - till KW - Vashon Stade KW - acoustical logging KW - Pleistocene KW - Fort Lewis Washington KW - Vashonian KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52208852?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Fine-scale+heterogeneity+within+late-Pleistocene+glacial+deposits%2C+Fort+Lewis%2C+Washington&rft.au=Bjornstad%2C+Bruce+N%3BVermeul%2C+Vince+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bjornstad&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rft.date=2000-04-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, Cordilleran Section, 96th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acoustical logging; Cenozoic; clastic sediments; cores; drift; Fort Lewis Washington; glaciated terrains; ground water; heterogeneity; lithostratigraphy; outwash; Pierce County Washington; Pleistocene; pollution; Puget Lowland; Quaternary; sediments; till; United States; upper Pleistocene; Vashon Stade; Vashonian; Washington; well-logging ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of alternative inspection strategies on piping reliability AN - 17636865; 4779932 AB - This paper applies probabilistic fracture mechanics calculations to determine the effects of inspection on leak probabilities for piping. The approach has been to perform calculations in a structured parametric format, with the parameters selected to cover the range of pipe sizes, degradation mechanisms, operating stresses, and materials relevant to the piping systems of interest. In this paper, the calculations were intended to be generally applicable to mechanical and thermal fatigue of stainless steel piping. Specific areas of uncertainty addressed by the probabilistic calculations of this paper are the numbers of initial flaws, the distributions of flaw sizes, the crack growth rates for these initial flaws, and the probability of detection curves and inspection schedules that describe inservice inspections which are performed to detect these growing flaws. The effectiveness of an inspection strategy is quantified by the parameter 'Factor of Improvement', which is the relative increase in piping reliability due to a given inspection strategy as compared with the strategy of performing no inspection. The results of a systematic set of calculations are presented in this paper that address inspection effectiveness for operating stresses giving crack growth rates ranging from very low to very high. Inspection strategies are described that address three reference levels of ultrasonic inspection reliability, intervals between inspections ranging from 1 to 10 years, and both preservice and inservice inspections. JF - Nuclear Engineering and Design AU - Khaleel, MA AU - Simonen, F A AD - Virtual Protyping and Engineering Simulation Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, WA 99352, USA, moe.khaleel@pnl.gov Y1 - 2000/04// PY - 2000 DA - Apr 2000 SP - 115 EP - 140 VL - 197 IS - 1-2 SN - 0029-5493, 0029-5493 KW - fracture mechanics KW - inspection KW - nondestructive testing KW - piping KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Leak detection KW - Nuclear reactors KW - Structural analysis KW - Stress KW - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17636865?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nuclear+Engineering+and+Design&rft.atitle=Effects+of+alternative+inspection+strategies+on+piping+reliability&rft.au=Khaleel%2C+MA%3BSimonen%2C+F+A&rft.aulast=Khaleel&rft.aufirst=MA&rft.date=2000-04-01&rft.volume=197&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=115&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nuclear+Engineering+and+Design&rft.issn=00295493&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0029-5493%2899%2900261-7 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Nuclear reactors; Leak detection; Stress; Structural analysis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0029-5493(99)00261-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of through-wall stress gradients on piping failure probabilities AN - 17636338; 4779931 AB - An approach has been developed that predicts leak and rupture probabilities of reactor piping in a structured parametric format. This approach applies the probabilistic fracture mechanics code pc-PRAISE (Piping Reliability Analysis Including Seismic Events) to address the mechanical and thermal fatigue life of piping. The probabilistic fracture mechanics model is applied to predict the relative effects of uniform stresses and through-thickness stress gradients on the reliability of stainless steel piping welds. Results generated using the numerical technique revealed that the calculated leak probabilities can be sensitive to the different types of stress gradients and to local stress concentrations. JF - Nuclear Engineering and Design AU - Khaleel, MA AU - Simonen, F A AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, WA 99352, USA, moe.khaleel@pnl.gov Y1 - 2000/04// PY - 2000 DA - Apr 2000 SP - 89 EP - 106 VL - 197 IS - 1-2 SN - 0029-5493, 0029-5493 KW - piping KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Leak detection KW - Nuclear reactors KW - Structural analysis KW - Stress KW - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17636338?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nuclear+Engineering+and+Design&rft.atitle=Effect+of+through-wall+stress+gradients+on+piping+failure+probabilities&rft.au=Khaleel%2C+MA%3BSimonen%2C+F+A&rft.aulast=Khaleel&rft.aufirst=MA&rft.date=2000-04-01&rft.volume=197&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=89&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nuclear+Engineering+and+Design&rft.issn=00295493&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0029-5493%2899%2900259-9 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Stress; Nuclear reactors; Structural analysis; Leak detection DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0029-5493(99)00259-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effect of biogenic Fe(II) on the stability and sorption of Co (II)EDTA super(-2) to goethite and a subsurface sediment AN - 16132592; 4729063 AB - Laboratory experiments were conducted with suspensions of goethite (a-FeOOH) and a subsurface sediment to assess the influence of bacterial iron reduction on the fate of Co(II)EDTA super(2-), a representative metal-ligand complex of intermediate stability (log K sub(Co(II)EDTA) = 17.97). The goethite was synthetic (ca. 55 m super(2)/g) and the sediment was a Pleistocene age, Fe(III) oxide-containing material from the Atlantic coastal plain (Milford). Shewanella alga strain BrY, a dissimilatory iron reducing bacterium (DIRB), was used to promote Fe(III) oxide reduction. Sorption isotherms and pH adsorption edges were measured for Co super(2+), Fe super(2+), Co(II)EDTA super(2-), and Fe(II)EDTA super(2-) on the two sorbents in 0.001 mol/L Ca(ClO sub(4)) sub(2) to aid in experiment interpretation. Anoxic suspensions of the sorbents in PIPES buffer at pH 6.5-7.0 were spiked with Co(II)EDTA super(2-) (10 super(-5) mol/L, super(60)Co and super(14)EDTA labeled), inoculated with BrY (1--6 x 10 super(8) organisms/mL), and the headspace filled with a N sub(2)/H sub(2) gas mix. The experiments were conducted under non-growth conditions. The medium did not contain PO sub(4) super(3-) (with one exception), trace elements, or vitamins. The tubes were incubated under anoxic conditions at 25 degree C for time periods in excess of 100 d. Replicate tubes were sacrificed and analyzed at desired time periods for pH, Fe(II) sub(TOT), Fe sub((aq)) super(2+), super(60)Co, and super(14)EDTA. Abiotic analogue experiments were conducted where Fe sub((aq)) super(2+) was added in increasing concentration to Co(II)EDTA super(2-)/mineral suspensions to simulate the influence of bacterial Fe(II) evolution. The DIRB generated Fe (II) from both goethite and the Milford sediment that was strongly sorbed by mineral surfaces. Aqueous Fe super(2+) increased during the experiment as surfaces became saturated; Fe sub((aq)) super(2+) induced the dissociation of Co(II)EDTA super(2-) into a mixture of Co super(2+), Co(II)EDTA super(2-), and Fe(II)EDTA super(2-) (log K sub(Fe(II)EDTA) = 15.98). The extent of dissociation of Co(II)EDTA super(2-) was greater in the subsurface sediment because it sorbed Fe(II) less strongly than did goethite. The post dissociation sorption behavior of Co super(2+) was dependent on pH and the intrinsic sorptivity of the solid phases. Dissociation generally lead to an increase in the sorption (e.g., K sub(d)) of Co super(2+) relative to EDTA super(4-) (form unspecified). Sorbed biogenic Fe(II) competed with free Co sub((aq)) super(2+) and reduced its sorption relative to unreduced material. It is concluded that cationic radionuclides such as super(60)Co or super(239/240)Pu, which may be mobilized from disposed wastes by complexation with EDTA super(4-), may become immobilized in groundwater zones where dissimilatory bacterial iron reduction is operative. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Zachara, J M AU - Smith, S C AU - Fredrickson, J K AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA Y1 - 2000/04/01/ PY - 2000 DA - 2000 Apr 01 SP - 1345 EP - 1362 VL - 64 IS - 8 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Age KW - goethite KW - Trace elements KW - Vitamins KW - Headspace KW - Ground water KW - oxides KW - Isotherms KW - pH effects KW - Sorption KW - Sediment chemistry KW - Bacteria KW - Waste Disposal KW - Geochemistry KW - Wastes KW - Hydrogen Ion Concentration KW - Sediments KW - Anoxic conditions KW - Adsorption KW - Radioisotopes KW - Minerals KW - Iron KW - Evolution KW - Shewanella alga KW - Q1 08462:Benthos KW - SW 0880:Chemical processes KW - K 03330:Biochemistry KW - J 02450:Ecology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16132592?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=The+effect+of+biogenic+Fe%28II%29+on+the+stability+and+sorption+of+Co+%28II%29EDTA+super%28-2%29+to+goethite+and+a+subsurface+sediment&rft.au=Zachara%2C+J+M%3BSmith%2C+S+C%3BFredrickson%2C+J+K&rft.aulast=Zachara&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2000-04-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1345&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2001-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bacteria; Sediment chemistry; Anoxic conditions; Iron; Sorption; Age; goethite; Wastes; Sediments; Trace elements; Vitamins; Headspace; Radioisotopes; Ground water; Adsorption; oxides; Isotherms; pH effects; Minerals; Evolution; Waste Disposal; Geochemistry; Hydrogen Ion Concentration; Shewanella alga ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Abiotic controls on H (sub 2) production from basalt-water reactions and implications for aquifer biogeochemistry AN - 52232146; 2001-037385 JF - Environmental Science & Technology, ES & T AU - Stevens, Todd O AU - McKinley, James P Y1 - 2000/03// PY - 2000 DA - March 2000 SP - 826 EP - 831 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 34 IS - 5 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - United States KW - water quality KW - deep aquifers KW - terrestrial environment KW - volcanic rocks KW - isotopes KW - igneous rocks KW - ecosystems KW - aqueous solutions KW - stable isotopes KW - iron KW - ground water KW - Cenozoic KW - ferric iron KW - chemical reactions KW - water-rock interaction KW - heat flow KW - basalts KW - alkalinity KW - geothermal gradient KW - deuterium KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - Eh KW - Washington KW - biochemistry KW - Columbia River Basalt Group KW - hydrochemistry KW - Miocene KW - aquifers KW - Tertiary KW - dissolved materials KW - Neogene KW - metals KW - hydrogen KW - anaerobic environment KW - microorganisms KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52232146?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.atitle=Abiotic+controls+on+H+%28sub+2%29+production+from+basalt-water+reactions+and+implications+for+aquifer+biogeochemistry&rft.au=Stevens%2C+Todd+O%3BMcKinley%2C+James+P&rft.aulast=Stevens&rft.aufirst=Todd&rft.date=2000-03-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=826&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/journals/esthag/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 42 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ESTHAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkalinity; anaerobic environment; aqueous solutions; aquifers; basalts; biochemistry; Cenozoic; chemical reactions; Columbia River Basalt Group; deep aquifers; deuterium; dissolved materials; ecosystems; Eh; ferric iron; geochemistry; geothermal gradient; ground water; heat flow; hydrochemistry; hydrogen; igneous rocks; iron; isotopes; metals; microorganisms; Miocene; Neogene; pH; stable isotopes; terrestrial environment; Tertiary; United States; volcanic rocks; Washington; water quality; water-rock interaction ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mid-Tertiary alkaline magmatism in the central Coast Range of Oregon AN - 52218748; 2001-047246 AB - Mid-Tertiary magmatic activity in the central Oregon Coast Range included the emplacement of peralkaline nepheline syenites (e.g. Table Mountain, STM-1) along with camptonites and shonkinites. The most widespread basalts in the area, the late Eocene Yachats Basalt, are tholeiitic and are are unlikely parents for the undersaturated alkaline rocks. Another possible parent is represented by the alkalic basalts of Cascade Head, which have been correlated with the Yachats Basalt. Trace element data (Zr/Nb) suggest that the camptonites and nepheline syenites are not directly related to the Cascade Head Basalt but may be related to a similar alkalic basaltic parent. Chemical variation within a camptonite sill (Horner Ranch) indicates that the differences can be explained by in situ fractionation involving principally kaersutite and titanomagnetite. It is unclear, however, whether or how the camptonites relate to the nepheline syenites. The nepheline syenites are depleted in titanium and phosphorus and have Zr/Ba ratios significantly different from other rocks in the area. If derived from a magma similar to the camptonites, the precursor magma to the nepheline syenite must have experienced fractionation involving a Ti-rich phase (kaersutite?), plagioclase, apatite, and possibly, alkali feldspar. All of these magmas (tholeiitic, alkali basalt, camptonite, and nepheline syenite) are anomalous in the tectonic setting of the forearc of the mid-Tertiary Cascades. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Hodges, Floyd N AU - Parker, Don F AU - Mitchener, Michael E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000/03// PY - 2000 DA - March 2000 SP - 14 EP - 15 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 32 IS - 3 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - volcanic rocks KW - igneous rocks KW - Cascade Head KW - Table Mountain KW - Cenozoic KW - shonkinite KW - Oregon KW - plutonic rocks KW - basalts KW - Zr/Ba KW - Zr/Nb KW - trace elements KW - syenites KW - geochemistry KW - nepheline syenite KW - shore features KW - Eocene KW - middle Tertiary KW - magmatism KW - Paleogene KW - camptonite KW - Yachats Basalt KW - Tertiary KW - peralkalic composition KW - Coast Ranges KW - magmas KW - lamprophyres KW - chemical fractionation KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52218748?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Mid-Tertiary+alkaline+magmatism+in+the+central+Coast+Range+of+Oregon&rft.au=Hodges%2C+Floyd+N%3BParker%2C+Don+F%3BMitchener%2C+Michael+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hodges&rft.aufirst=Floyd&rft.date=2000-03-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=14&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, South-Central Section, 34th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - basalts; camptonite; Cascade Head; Cenozoic; chemical fractionation; Coast Ranges; Eocene; geochemistry; igneous rocks; lamprophyres; magmas; magmatism; middle Tertiary; nepheline syenite; Oregon; Paleogene; peralkalic composition; plutonic rocks; shonkinite; shore features; syenites; Table Mountain; Tertiary; trace elements; United States; volcanic rocks; Yachats Basalt; Zr/Ba; Zr/Nb ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of generalized integral transform method for solving equations of solute transport in porous media AN - 52176245; 2001-074234 JF - Advances in Water Resources AU - Liu, Changxuan AU - Szecsody, Jim E AU - Zachara, J M AU - Ball, William P Y1 - 2000/03// PY - 2000 DA - March 2000 SP - 483 EP - 492 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 23 IS - 5 SN - 0309-1708, 0309-1708 KW - solute transport KW - numerical analysis KW - porous materials KW - mathematical models KW - breakthrough curves KW - advection KW - boundary conditions KW - ground water KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52176245?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.atitle=Use+of+generalized+integral+transform+method+for+solving+equations+of+solute+transport+in+porous+media&rft.au=Liu%2C+Changxuan%3BSzecsody%2C+Jim+E%3BZachara%2C+J+M%3BBall%2C+William+P&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Changxuan&rft.date=2000-03-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=483&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.issn=03091708&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03091708 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 26 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - advection; boundary conditions; breakthrough curves; ground water; mathematical models; numerical analysis; porous materials; solute transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microfossils and paleoenvironments in deep subsurface basalt samples AN - 52087052; 2002-053778 JF - Geomicrobiology Journal AU - McKinley, J P AU - Stevens, T O AU - Westall, F Y1 - 2000/03// PY - 2000 DA - March 2000 SP - 43 EP - 54 PB - Taylor & Francis, London VL - 17 IS - 1 SN - 0149-0451, 0149-0451 KW - United States KW - Washington KW - volcanic rocks KW - igneous rocks KW - biochemistry KW - Columbia River Basalt Group KW - astrobiology KW - Franklin County Washington KW - Miocene KW - Cenozoic KW - Tertiary KW - paleoenvironment KW - chemical reactions KW - Neogene KW - basalts KW - bacteria KW - Pasco Basin KW - reduction KW - geochemistry KW - microfossils KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52087052?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geomicrobiology+Journal&rft.atitle=Microfossils+and+paleoenvironments+in+deep+subsurface+basalt+samples&rft.au=McKinley%2C+J+P%3BStevens%2C+T+O%3BWestall%2C+F&rft.aulast=McKinley&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2000-03-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=43&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geomicrobiology+Journal&rft.issn=01490451&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~content=t713722957~db=all LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GEJODG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - astrobiology; bacteria; basalts; biochemistry; Cenozoic; chemical reactions; Columbia River Basalt Group; Franklin County Washington; geochemistry; igneous rocks; microfossils; Miocene; Neogene; paleoenvironment; Pasco Basin; reduction; Tertiary; United States; volcanic rocks; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Composite analysis for low-level waste disposal in the 200 Area Plateau of the Hanford Site, southeast Washington AN - 52026109; 2003-013006 AB - A composite analysis of low-level radioactive waste disposal and other radioactive sources was recently completed for the Hanford Site in Southeast Washington State. Impacts from source release and environmental transport were estimated for a 1000-year period following Site closure in a multi-step process involving 1) estimation of radiological inventories and releases, 2) assessment of contaminant migration through the vadose zone, groundwater, and atmospheric pathways, 3) and estimation of doses. The analysis showed that most of the radionuclide inventory in past-practice liquid discharge sites and pre-1988 solid waste burial grounds on the 200 Area Plateau will be released in the first several hundred years following Hanford Site closure, well before projected releases from active and planned disposals of solid waste. The maximum predicted agricultural dose was less than 6 mrem/y in 2050 and declined thereafter. The maximum doses for the residential, industrial, and recreational scenarios, were 2.2, 0.7 and 0.04 mrem/y, respectively, and also declined after 2050. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Risk Assessment AU - Kincaid, Charles T AU - Bergeron, Marcel P AU - Cole, Charles R AU - Freshley, Mark D AU - Johnson, Vern G AU - Kaplan, Daniel I AU - Serne, R Jeffrey AU - Streile, Gary P AU - Strenge, Dennis L AU - Thorne, Paul D AU - Vail, Lance W AU - Whyatt, Gregory A AU - Wurstner, Signe K A2 - Price, Fred T. A2 - Brix, Kevin V. A2 - Lane, Nancy K. Y1 - 2000/03// PY - 2000 DA - March 2000 SP - 104 EP - 117 PB - ASTM, Philadelphia, PA VL - 9 SN - 1071-720X, 1071-720X KW - United States KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - terrestrial environment KW - degradation KW - isotopes KW - radioactivity KW - composite analysis KW - semi-arid environment KW - waste disposal sites KW - environmental analysis KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - Pasco Basin KW - ecology KW - solid waste KW - mobility KW - soils KW - technetium KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - damage KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - Tc-99 KW - site closure KW - aquifers KW - models KW - habitat KW - liquid waste KW - atmospheric transport KW - metals KW - Columbia Plateau KW - risk assessment KW - waste disposal KW - low-level waste KW - underground disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52026109?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Risk+Assessment&rft.atitle=Composite+analysis+for+low-level+waste+disposal+in+the+200+Area+Plateau+of+the+Hanford+Site%2C+southeast+Washington&rft.au=Kincaid%2C+Charles+T%3BBergeron%2C+Marcel+P%3BCole%2C+Charles+R%3BFreshley%2C+Mark+D%3BJohnson%2C+Vern+G%3BKaplan%2C+Daniel+I%3BSerne%2C+R+Jeffrey%3BStreile%2C+Gary+P%3BStrenge%2C+Dennis+L%3BThorne%2C+Paul+D%3BVail%2C+Lance+W%3BWhyatt%2C+Gregory+A%3BWurstner%2C+Signe+K&rft.aulast=Kincaid&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=2000-03-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=&rft.spage=104&rft.isbn=0803128614&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Risk+Assessment&rft.issn=1071720X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium on Environmental toxicology and risk assessment; recent achievements in environmental fate and transport N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - PubXState - PA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; atmospheric transport; Columbia Plateau; composite analysis; damage; degradation; ecology; environmental analysis; ground water; habitat; Hanford Site; isotopes; liquid waste; low-level waste; metals; mobility; models; monitoring; Pasco Basin; pollution; prediction; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; radioactivity; risk assessment; semi-arid environment; site closure; soils; solid waste; Tc-99; technetium; terrestrial environment; transport; underground disposal; United States; Washington; waste disposal; waste disposal sites ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Natural attenuation of chlorinated ethene compounds; model development and field-scale application at the Dover site AN - 51207134; 2000-029759 AB - A multi-dimensional and multi-species reactive transport model was developed to aid in the analysis of natural attenuation design at chlorinated solvent sites. The model can simulate several simultaneously occurring attenuation processes including aerobic and anaerobic biological degradation processes. The developed model was applied to analyze field-scale transport and biodegradation processes occurring at the Area-6 site in Dover Air Force Base, Delaware. The model was calibrated to field data collected at this site. The calibrated model reproduced the general groundwater flow patterns, and also, it successfully recreated the observed distribution of tetrachloroethene (PCE), trichloroethene (TCE), dichloroethylene (DCE), vinyl chloride (VC) and chloride plumes. Field-scale decay rates of these contaminant plumes were also estimated. The decay rates are within the range of values that were previously estimated based on lab-scale microcosm and field-scale transect analyses. Model simulation results indicated that the anaerobic degradation rate of TCE, source loading rate, and groundwater transport rate are the important model parameters. Sensitivity analysis of the model indicated that the shape and extent of the predicted TCE plume is most sensitive to transmissivity values. The total mass of the predicted TCE plume is most sensitive to TCE anaerobic degradation rates. The numerical model developed in this study is a useful engineering tool for integrating field-scale natural attenuation data within a rational modeling framework. The model results can be used for quantifying the relative importance of various simultaneously occurring natural attenuation processes. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Clement, T Prabhakar AU - Johnson, Christian D AU - Sun, Yunwei AU - Klecka, Gary M AU - Bartlett, Craig Y1 - 2000/03// PY - 2000 DA - March 2000 SP - 113 EP - 140 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 42 IS - 2-4 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - water quality KW - Kent County Delaware KW - contaminant plumes KW - tetrachloroethylene KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - Dover Air Force Base KW - transport KW - decontamination KW - natural attenuation KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - vynil chloride KW - biodegradation KW - Delaware KW - numerical models KW - three-dimensional models KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - trichloroethylene KW - military facilities KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51207134?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Magnetic+Resonance+in+Medicine&rft.atitle=Simultaneous+super%281%29H+PFG-NMR+and+confocal+microscopy+of+monolayer+cell+cultures%3A+Effects+of+apoptosis+and+necrosis+on+water+diffusion+and+compartmentalization&rft.au=Minard%2C+Kevin+R%3BHoltom%2C+Gary+R%3BKathmann%2C+Loel+E%3BMajors%2C+Paul+D%3BThrall%2C+Brian+D%3BWind%2C+Robert+A&rft.aulast=Minard&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=495&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Magnetic+Resonance+in+Medicine&rft.issn=07403194&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fmrm.20179 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 36 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; biodegradation; bioremediation; chlorinated hydrocarbons; contaminant plumes; decontamination; Delaware; Dover Air Force Base; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; Kent County Delaware; military facilities; natural attenuation; numerical models; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; remediation; tetrachloroethylene; three-dimensional models; transport; trichloroethylene; United States; vynil chloride; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potential production and environmental effects of switchgrass and traditional crops under current and greenhouse-altered climate in the central United States: a simulation study AN - 17507280; 4699588 AB - If, as many climate change analysts* speculate, industrial and other emissions of CO sub(2) can be offset by substitution of biofuels, large areas of land, including agricultural land, may be converted to the production of biomass feedstocks. This paper explores the feasibility for the Missouri-Iowa-Nebraska-Kansas (MINK) region of the US of converting some agricultural land to the production of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.), a perennial warm season grass, as a biomass energy crop. The erosion productivity impact calculator (EPIC) crop growth model simulated production of corn (Zea mays L.), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench), soybean (Glycine max L.), winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and switchgrass at 302 sites within the MINK region. The analysis is done for both current climatic conditions and a regional climate model-based scenario of possible climate change. Daily climate records from 1983 to 1993 served as baseline and the NCAR-RegCM2 model (RegCM hereafter) nested within the CSIRO general circulation model (GCM) provided the climate change scenario. Crop production was simulated at two atmospheric CO sub(2) concentrations ([CO sub(2)]) at 365 and 560 ppm to consider the CO sub(2)-fertilization effect. Simulated yields of the perennial switchgrass increased at all sites with a mean yield increase of 5.0 Mg ha super(-1) under the RegCM climate change scenario. Switchgrass yields benefited from temperature increases of 3.0-8.0 degree C, which extended the growing season and reduced the incidence of cold stress. Conversely, the higher temperatures under the RegCM scenario decreased yields of corn, soybean, sorghum and winter wheat due to increased heat stress and a speeding of crop maturity. With no CO sub(2)-fertilization effect, EPIC simulated maximum decreases from baseline of 1.5 Mg ha super(-1) for corn, 1.0 Mg ha super(-1) for sorghum, 0.8 Mg ha super(-1) for soybean and 0.5 Mg ha super(-1) for winter wheat. Simulated yields increased for all crops under the RegCM scenario with CO sub(2) set to 560 ppm. Yields increased above baseline for 34% of the soybean and 37% of the winter wheat farms under RegCM/[CO sub(2)] = 560 ppm scenario. Water use increased for all crops under the higher temperatures of the CSIRO scenario. Precipitation increases resulted in greater runoff from the traditional crops but not from switchgrass due to the crop's increased growth and longer growing season. Simulated soil erosion rates under switchgrass and wheat cultivation were less severe than under corn management. However, simulated erosion under switchgrass was considerable in eastern Iowa during the period of crop establishment because of strong winds at that time. JF - Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment AU - Brown, R A AU - Rosenberg, N J AU - Hays, C J AU - Easterling, W E AU - Mearns, LO AD - Battelle, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 901 D Street, S.W., Suite 900, Washington, DC 20024-2115, USA, robbie.brown@pn1.gov Y1 - 2000/03// PY - 2000 DA - Mar 2000 SP - 31 EP - 47 VL - 78 IS - 1 SN - 0167-8809, 0167-8809 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Grasses KW - Simulation KW - Vegetation KW - Soil erosion KW - Crops KW - Growth KW - Carbon dioxide KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17507280?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agriculture%2C+Ecosystems+%26+Environment&rft.atitle=Potential+production+and+environmental+effects+of+switchgrass+and+traditional+crops+under+current+and+greenhouse-altered+climate+in+the+central+United+States%3A+a+simulation+study&rft.au=Brown%2C+R+A%3BRosenberg%2C+N+J%3BHays%2C+C+J%3BEasterling%2C+W+E%3BMearns%2C+LO&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2000-03-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=&rft.spage=675&rft.isbn=9058096416&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+-+International+Symposium+on+Water-Rock+Interaction&rft.issn=02587610&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Carbon dioxide; Soil erosion; Growth; Vegetation; Grasses; Crops; Simulation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0167-8809(99)00115-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of constant light on DMBA mammary tumorigenesis in rats. AN - 70962280; 10695987 AB - A study of light, and mammary tumorigenesis was conducted in rats. One-hundred female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided by weight into two groups. One group was exposed to constant light (LL) from 26 days of age, and the second group was exposed to 8 h light and 16 h dark per day (LD). Both groups received an 8 mg dose of a chemical carcinogen, dimethylben-zanthracene (DMBA) at 52 days of age. At 13 weeks post-DMBA, there were significantly fewer mammary tumors in the LL group compared with the LD group. Constant light was clearly demonstrated to have a profound effect on mammary tissue development. Although virgin, the majority of the LL rats (29/50) had gross evidence of lactation at 141 days of age. None of the LD rats (0/50) showed evidence of milk production. These results suggest that constant light not only substantially accelerated mammary gland development, but pushed development of the tissue past the stage normally observed in virgin animals (to the lactation stage). JF - Cancer letters AU - Anderson, L E AU - Morris, J E AU - Sasser, L B AU - Stevens, R G AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA. larry.anderson@pnl.gov Y1 - 2000/02/01/ PY - 2000 DA - 2000 Feb 01 SP - 121 EP - 126 VL - 148 IS - 2 SN - 0304-3835, 0304-3835 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene KW - 57-97-6 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Darkness KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Mammary Glands, Animal -- drug effects KW - Circadian Rhythm KW - Mammary Glands, Animal -- growth & development KW - Female KW - Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental -- chemically induced KW - Cocarcinogenesis KW - Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental -- etiology KW - Light KW - Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental -- pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70962280?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+letters&rft.atitle=Effect+of+constant+light+on+DMBA+mammary+tumorigenesis+in+rats.&rft.au=Anderson%2C+L+E%3BMorris%2C+J+E%3BSasser%2C+L+B%3BStevens%2C+R+G&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2000-02-01&rft.volume=148&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=121&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+letters&rft.issn=03043835&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2000-03-21 N1 - Date created - 2000-03-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Iodide sorption to subsurface sediments and illitic minerals AN - 52282107; 2001-005336 JF - Environmental Science & Technology, ES & T AU - Kaplan, Daniel I AU - Serne, R Jeff AU - Parker, Kent E AU - Kutnyakov, Igor V Y1 - 2000/02// PY - 2000 DA - February 2000 SP - 399 EP - 405 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 34 IS - 3 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - silicates KW - halides KW - sorption KW - terrestrial environment KW - aqueous solutions KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - laboratory studies KW - mineral composition KW - sediments KW - alkalinity KW - chlorite group KW - montmorillonite KW - soils KW - experimental studies KW - iodides KW - arid environment KW - pollution KW - illite KW - adsorption KW - clay minerals KW - calcite KW - chlorite KW - sheet silicates KW - risk assessment KW - vermiculite KW - carbonates KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52282107?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.atitle=Iodide+sorption+to+subsurface+sediments+and+illitic+minerals&rft.au=Kaplan%2C+Daniel+I%3BSerne%2C+R+Jeff%3BParker%2C+Kent+E%3BKutnyakov%2C+Igor+V&rft.aulast=Kaplan&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2000-02-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=399&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/journals/esthag/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ESTHAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; alkalinity; aqueous solutions; arid environment; calcite; carbonates; chlorite; chlorite group; clay minerals; experimental studies; ground water; halides; illite; iodides; laboratory studies; mineral composition; montmorillonite; pollution; remediation; risk assessment; sediments; sheet silicates; silicates; soils; sorption; terrestrial environment; vermiculite ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of the potential for agricultural development at the Hanford Site AN - 51388997; 2007-091279 JF - PNNL (Pacific Northwest National Laboratory) AU - Evans, R G AU - Hattendorf, M J AU - Kincaid, C T Y1 - 2000/02// PY - 2000 DA - February 2000 EP - variously paginated PB - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA KW - United States KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - buffers KW - reclamation KW - water management KW - environmental analysis KW - irrigation KW - ground water KW - environmental management KW - Columbia River basin KW - high-level waste KW - water supply KW - Washington KW - legislation KW - agriculture KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - decision-making KW - aquifers KW - habitat KW - recharge KW - economics KW - water wells KW - land use KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51388997?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Evans%2C+R+G%3BHattendorf%2C+M+J%3BKincaid%2C+C+T&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2000-02-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Evaluation+of+the+potential+for+agricultural+development+at+the+Hanford+Site&rft.title=Evaluation+of+the+potential+for+agricultural+development+at+the+Hanford+Site&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.pnl.gov/publications/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - PubXState - WA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 9 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04694 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agriculture; aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; buffers; Columbia River basin; decision-making; economics; environmental analysis; environmental management; ground water; habitat; Hanford Site; high-level waste; irrigation; land use; legislation; pollution; recharge; reclamation; United States; Washington; water management; water supply; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hanford site groundwater monitoring: setting, sources and methods AN - 51386149; 2007-093289 AB - This report is a companion volume to the groundwater monitoring report for the Hanford Site, which is produced annually. It contains background information that does not change significantly from year to year. Unconsolidated sediment of the Hanford and Ringold formations comprises the uppermost aquifer beneath the Hanford Site. These formations contain highly permeable layers of sand and gravel interbedded with less permeable layers of silt and clay. Groundwater flows primarily from west to east, but influences of liquid waste disposal disrupt this pattern locally. Facilities that produced significant amounts of liquid waste, or waste sites that require groundwater monitoring, are located mainly in the 100, 200, and 300 areas. A few additional sites are located in the 400,600, and Richland North areas. Most of these waste sites are inactive. Selection of groundwater monitoring wells, constituents, and sampling frequencies are based on knowledge of waste disposal practices, regulatory requirements, proximity to disposal areas, contaminant mobility, and site hydrogeology. JF - PNNL (Pacific Northwest National Laboratory) AU - Hartman, M J Y1 - 2000/02// PY - 2000 DA - February 2000 SP - 146 PB - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA KW - United States KW - Hanford Formation KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - isotopes KW - Hanford Site KW - migration of elements KW - Ringold Formation KW - ground water KW - Cenozoic KW - Tertiary KW - radioactive isotopes KW - sampling KW - Neogene KW - Pliocene KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51386149?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.atitle=Calibration+measurements+and+standards+for+radiation+protection+dosimetry.&rft.au=McDonald%2C+Joseph+C&rft.aulast=McDonald&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=317&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.issn=01448420&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.pnl.gov/publications/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from NTIS database, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, (703)685-6900, order number DE2002-753533NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - WA N1 - SuppNotes - Contract DE-AC06-76RLO-1830 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04694 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cenozoic; ground water; Hanford Formation; Hanford Site; isotopes; migration of elements; monitoring; Neogene; Pliocene; radioactive isotopes; Ringold Formation; sampling; Tertiary; United States; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Source-term development for a contaminant plume for use by multimedia risk assessment models AN - 51210734; 2000-019070 AB - Multimedia modelers from the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and US Department of Energy (DOE) are collaborating to conduct a comprehensive and quantitative benchmarking analysis of four intermedia models: MEPAS, MMSOILS, PRESTO, and RESRAD. These models represent typical analytically based tools that are used in human-risk and endangerment assessments at installations containing radioactive and hazardous contaminants. The objective is to demonstrate an approach for developing an adequate source term by simplifying an existing, real-world, (super 90) Sr plume at DOE's Hanford installation in Richland, WA, for use in a multimedia benchmarking exercise between MEPAS, MMSOILS, PRESTO, and RESRAD. Source characteristics and a release mechanism are developed and described; also described is a typical process and procedure that an analyst would follow in developing a source term for using this class of analytical tool in a preliminary assessment. Abstract Copyright (2000) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Whelan, Gene AU - McDonald, John P AU - Taira, Randal Y AU - Gnanapragasam, Emmanuel K AU - Yu, Charley AU - Lew, Christine S AU - Mills, William B Y1 - 2000/02// PY - 2000 DA - February 2000 SP - 205 EP - 223 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 41 IS - 3-4 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - United States KW - hazardous waste KW - Sr-90 KW - contaminant plumes KW - isotopes KW - data processing KW - observation wells KW - environmental analysis KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - radioactive isotopes KW - MEPAS KW - PRESTO KW - alkaline earth metals KW - Washington KW - pollutants KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - RESRAD KW - MMSOILS KW - decision-making KW - migration of elements KW - aquifers KW - computer programs KW - case studies KW - metals KW - theoretical models KW - risk assessment KW - nuclear facilities KW - waste disposal KW - strontium KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51210734?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Source-term+development+for+a+contaminant+plume+for+use+by+multimedia+risk+assessment+models&rft.au=Whelan%2C+Gene%3BMcDonald%2C+John+P%3BTaira%2C+Randal+Y%3BGnanapragasam%2C+Emmanuel+K%3BYu%2C+Charley%3BLew%2C+Christine+S%3BMills%2C+William+B&rft.aulast=Whelan&rft.aufirst=Gene&rft.date=2000-02-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=205&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; aquifers; case studies; computer programs; contaminant plumes; data processing; decision-making; environmental analysis; ground water; Hanford Site; hazardous waste; isotopes; MEPAS; metals; migration of elements; MMSOILS; nuclear facilities; observation wells; pollutants; pollution; PRESTO; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; RESRAD; risk assessment; solutes; Sr-90; strontium; theoretical models; United States; Washington; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Expression of Acidothermus cellulolyticus endoglucanase E1 in transgenic tobacco: biochemical characteristics and physiological effects AN - 17653599; 4726655 AB - The expression of the Acidothermus cellulolyticus endoglucanase E1 gene in transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) was examined in this study, where E1 coding sequence was transcribed under the control of a leaf specific Rubisco small subunit promoter (tomato RbcS-3C). Targeting the E1 protein to the chloroplast was established using a chloroplast transit peptide of Rubisco small subunit protein (tomato RbcS-2A) and confirmed by immunocytochemistry. The E1 produced in transgenic tobacco plants was found to be biologically active, and to accumulate in leaves at levels of up to 1.35% of total soluble protein. Optimum temperature and pH for E1 enzyme activity in leaf extracts were 81 degree C and 5.25, respectively. E1 activity remained constant on a gram fresh leaf weight basis, but dramatically increased on a total leaf soluble protein basis as leaves aged, or when leaf discs were dehydrated. E1 protein in old leaves, or after 5 h dehydration, was partially degraded although E1 activity remained constant. Transgenic plants exhibited normal growth and developmental characteristics with photosynthetic rates similar to those of untransformed SR1 tobacco plants. Results from these biochemical and physiological analyses suggest that the chloroplast is a suitable cellular compartment for accumulation of the hydrolytic E1 enzyme. JF - Transgenic Research AU - Dai, Ziyu AU - Hooker, B S AU - Anderson, D B AU - Thomas AD - Bioprocessing Group, Environmental Technology Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, K2-10, Richland, WA 99352, USA, ziyu.dai@pnl.gov Y1 - 2000/02// PY - 2000 DA - Feb 2000 SP - 43 EP - 54 VL - 9 IS - 1 SN - 0962-8819, 0962-8819 KW - tobacco KW - double prime E1 protein KW - endoglucanase E1 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts KW - E1 protein KW - ^AE1 protein KW - Acidothermus cellulolyticus KW - Nicotiana tabacum KW - Transgenic plants KW - W2 32065:Plants KW - G 07352:Dicotyledons (miscellaneous) KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17653599?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transgenic+Research&rft.atitle=Expression+of+Acidothermus+cellulolyticus+endoglucanase+E1+in+transgenic+tobacco%3A+biochemical+characteristics+and+physiological+effects&rft.au=Dai%2C+Ziyu%3BHooker%2C+B+S%3BAnderson%2C+D+B%3BThomas&rft.aulast=Dai&rft.aufirst=Ziyu&rft.date=2000-02-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=43&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transgenic+Research&rft.issn=09628819&rft_id=info:doi/10.1023%2FA%3A1008922404834 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Acidothermus cellulolyticus; Nicotiana tabacum; Transgenic plants DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008922404834 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The NICE super(3)-Whyco technologies partnership: saving energy, dollars, and the environment in the metal plating industry AN - 17490844; 4686165 AB - In partnership with the US Department of Energy's Office of Industrial Technology, Whyco Technologies, Inc., has developed an innovative perforated plating barrel used in the plating of metal parts. This new technology employs a thin-walled construction, differing from the traditional thick-wall design requires to provide adequate structural integrity. The thicker walls lowered the efficiency of transferring plating solution into and out of the barrel and diminished the electrical current pushed through the holes and onto the parts being plated. By machining pockets out of the traditional thick-walled perforated structure. Whyco produced a 'honeycomb' of staggered cells, allowing for the greatest number of holes per open area while maintaining structural integrity. Hydrodynamic pumping occurs during barrel rotation to create greater solution transfer than in traditional barrels. The Whyco barrel has higher current density plating, which leads to faster plating cycles, reduced bath concentration, and better plating of difficult chemistries such as in alloys. This new technology has helped the company reduce energy use by 16%, eliminate more than 480 tons/year of solid waste, and reduce wastewater by more than 17 000 gallons/day. The resulting cost savings total more than $500 000 annually. The company has manufactured and sold more than 275 of these barrels to other electroplating companies that are reporting up to a 40% increase in plating productivity and similar energy and environmental impacts. JF - Resources, Conservation and Recycling AU - Sullivan, G P AU - Hyner, R AU - Masella, P AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS K8-07, Richland, WA 99352, USA, gp_sullivan@pnl.gov Y1 - 2000/02// PY - 2000 DA - Feb 2000 SP - 199 EP - 205 VL - 28 IS - 3-4 SN - 0921-3449, 0921-3449 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Energy efficiency KW - Environmental economics KW - Pollution prevention KW - Metal finishing industry KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17490844?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Resources%2C+Conservation+and+Recycling&rft.atitle=The+NICE+super%283%29-Whyco+technologies+partnership%3A+saving+energy%2C+dollars%2C+and+the+environment+in+the+metal+plating+industry&rft.au=Sullivan%2C+G+P%3BHyner%2C+R%3BMasella%2C+P&rft.aulast=Sullivan&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2000-02-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=199&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Resources%2C+Conservation+and+Recycling&rft.issn=09213449&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0921-3449%2899%2900044-0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special issue: Energy efficiency and pollution prevention (E2P2). N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Energy efficiency; Environmental economics; Pollution prevention; Metal finishing industry DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0921-3449(99)00044-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - EMF exposure assessment in the Finnish garment industry: evaluation of proposed EMF exposure metrics. AN - 70804345; 10615093 AB - Recently published studies indicate that having worked in occupations that involve moderate to high electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure is a risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease. In these studies, the occupational groups most over-represented for EMF exposure comprised seamstresses, dressmakers, and tailors. Future epidemiologic studies designed to evaluate the possibility of a causal relationship between exposure to EMF and a neuro degenerative disease endpoint such as incidence of Alzheimer's disease, will benefit from the measurement of electromagnetic field metrics with potential biological relevance. Data collection methodology in such studies would be highly dependent upon how the metrics are defined. In this research the authors developed and demonstrated (1) protocols for collecting EMF exposure data suitable for estimating a variety of exposure metrics that may have biological relevance, and (2) analytical methods for calculation of these metrics. The authors show how exposure might be estimated under each of the three prominent EMF health-effects mechanism theories and evaluate the assertion that relative exposure ranking is dependent on which mechanism is assumed. The authors also performed AC RMS magnetic flux density measurements, confirming previously reported findings. The results indicate that seamstresses, as an occupational group, should be considered for study of the possible health effects of long-term EMF exposure. JF - Bioelectromagnetics AU - Hansen, N H AU - Sobel, E AU - Davanipour, Z AU - Gillette, L M AU - Niiranen, J AU - Wilson, B W AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352-0999, USA. Y1 - 2000/01// PY - 2000 DA - January 2000 SP - 57 EP - 67 VL - 21 IS - 1 SN - 0197-8462, 0197-8462 KW - Index Medicus KW - Finland KW - Humans KW - Algorithms KW - Microclimate KW - Female KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Clothing KW - Environmental Monitoring -- instrumentation KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Electromagnetic Fields UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70804345?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioelectromagnetics&rft.atitle=EMF+exposure+assessment+in+the+Finnish+garment+industry%3A+evaluation+of+proposed+EMF+exposure+metrics.&rft.au=Hansen%2C+N+H%3BSobel%2C+E%3BDavanipour%2C+Z%3BGillette%2C+L+M%3BNiiranen%2C+J%3BWilson%2C+B+W&rft.aulast=Hansen&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=57&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioelectromagnetics&rft.issn=01978462&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2000-02-25 N1 - Date created - 2000-02-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Numerical simulation and homogenization of two-phase flow in heterogeneous porous media AN - 52322077; 2000-066170 JF - International symposium 2000 on Groundwater AU - Ataie-Ashtiani, B AU - Hassanizadeh, S M AU - Oostrom, M AU - White, M D A2 - Sato, Kuniaki A2 - Iwasa, Yosiaki Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 PB - Springer, Berlin SN - 4431702830 KW - numerical models KW - capillary pressure KW - data processing KW - porous materials KW - mathematical models KW - dense nonaqueous phase liquids KW - simulation KW - boundary conditions KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - computer programs KW - transport KW - infiltration KW - multiphase flow KW - permeability KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52322077?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Eurasian+Research&rft.atitle=Russia%27s+Decisive+Role+in+the+Kyoto+Protocol&rft.au=Chandler%2C+William%3BPopov%2C+Ilya&rft.aulast=Chandler&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+Eurasian+Research&rft.issn=15380378&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - International symposium 2000 on Groundwater N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Earth's basement biosphere; explorations of an ancient, radiogenic wilderness in the deep levels of African gold mines AN - 52309506; 2000-069638 JF - Annual Convention Program - National Speleological Society AU - Moser, Duane P AU - Takai, Ken AU - Pfiffer, Susan AU - Onstott, Tullis C AU - Deem, Kelley L AU - Molina Deem, Lizette Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 SP - A21 EP - A22 PB - NSS - National Speleological Society VL - 2000 KW - mines KW - phylogeny KW - caves KW - Witwatersrand South Africa KW - biota KW - spatial distribution KW - biosphere KW - Southern Africa KW - metal ores KW - DNA KW - gold ores KW - Africa KW - ecology KW - South Africa KW - geomorphology KW - solution features KW - faults KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52309506?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Convention+Program+-+National+Speleological+Society&rft.atitle=Earth%27s+basement+biosphere%3B+explorations+of+an+ancient%2C+radiogenic+wilderness+in+the+deep+levels+of+African+gold+mines&rft.au=Moser%2C+Duane+P%3BTakai%2C+Ken%3BPfiffer%2C+Susan%3BOnstott%2C+Tullis+C%3BDeem%2C+Kelley+L%3BMolina+Deem%2C+Lizette&rft.aulast=Moser&rft.aufirst=Duane&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=2000&rft.issue=&rft.spage=A21&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Convention+Program+-+National+Speleological+Society&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - NSS Convention 2000; cave the millennium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04810 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Africa; biosphere; biota; caves; DNA; ecology; faults; geomorphology; gold ores; metal ores; microorganisms; mines; phylogeny; solution features; South Africa; Southern Africa; spatial distribution; Witwatersrand South Africa ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Role of organic complexants and colloids in the transport of radionuclides by groundwater AN - 52287143; 2001-001116 AB - This final report for project JCN L1935, describes the results of field and laboratory work conducted during the last two years of the project. It also contains summaries of important observations reported in earlier progress reports NUREG/CR-6429 and NUREG/CR-6587, and other open literature publications. These studies have primarily addressed: (1) characterization of the sub-surface geochemical environment near the disposal facilities, (2) identification and quantification of the migrating radionuclides and their chemical speciation in groundwater, (3) the sorption behavior (Kd measurements) of the mobile radionuclide species (cationic and anionic) onto site soils, (4) identification of colloidal radionuclides, and (5) the environmental dynamics, of Carbon 14 in the vicinity of a solid LLW disposal facility. JF - PNNL (Pacific Northwest National Laboratory) AU - Robertson, D E AU - Thomas, C W AU - Pratt, S L AU - Abel, K H AU - Lepel, E A Y1 - 2000/01// PY - 2000 DA - January 2000 SP - 124 PB - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA KW - soils KW - sorption KW - colloidal materials KW - complexes KW - isotopes KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - migration of elements KW - environmental analysis KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - organic compounds KW - radioactive isotopes KW - carbon KW - C-14 KW - waste disposal KW - low-level waste KW - geochemistry KW - field studies KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52287143?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Robertson%2C+D+E%3BThomas%2C+C+W%3BPratt%2C+S+L%3BAbel%2C+K+H%3BLepel%2C+E+A&rft.aulast=Robertson&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Role+of+organic+complexants+and+colloids+in+the+transport+of+radionuclides+by+groundwater&rft.title=Role+of+organic+complexants+and+colloids+in+the+transport+of+radionuclides+by+groundwater&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.pnl.gov/publications/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from NTIS database, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, (703)685-6900, order number NUREG/CR-6627NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - WA N1 - SuppNotes - Final technical report N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04694 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - C-14; carbon; colloidal materials; complexes; environmental analysis; field studies; geochemistry; ground water; isotopes; low-level waste; migration of elements; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; soils; sorption; waste disposal ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Vadose zone remediation using six-phase heating AN - 52230269; 2001-041995 JF - Flow and transport modeling of the vadose zone; Volume II AU - Heath, William A2 - Looney, Brian B. A2 - Falta, Ronald W. Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH SN - 1574770853 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - South Carolina KW - pollutants KW - unsaturated zone KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - tetrachloroethylene KW - remediation KW - thermal treatment KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - decontamination KW - volatile organic compounds KW - heating KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - trichloroethylene KW - Savannah River Site KW - permeability KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52230269?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Heath%2C+William&rft.aulast=Heath&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=1574770853&rft.btitle=Vadose+zone+remediation+using+six-phase+heating&rft.title=Vadose+zone+remediation+using+six-phase+heating&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Managing an effective vadose zone project AN - 52167747; 2002-001740 JF - Vadose zone; science and technology solutions; volume 1 AU - Quadrel, Marilyn AU - Lundgren, Regina A2 - Looney, Brian B. A2 - Falta, Ronald W. Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH SN - 1574770853 KW - United States KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - regulations KW - reclamation KW - public policy KW - water management KW - unsaturated zone KW - ground water KW - protection KW - programs KW - monitoring KW - legislation KW - pollution KW - optimization KW - decision-making KW - information management KW - preventive measures KW - aquifers KW - models KW - theoretical models KW - risk assessment KW - policy KW - economics KW - water resources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52167747?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+%26+Technology%3A+Water+Supply&rft.atitle=Using+DNA+microarrays+to+detect+multiple+pathogen+threats+in+water%3B+Using+DNA+microarrays+to+detect+multiple+pathogen+threats+in+water&rft.au=Straub%2C+T+M%3BQuinonez-Diaz%2C+M+D%3BValdez%2C+C+O%3BCall%2C+D+R%3BChandler%2C+D+P&rft.aulast=Straub&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=107&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+%26+Technology%3A+Water+Supply&rft.issn=16069749&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 64 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization and origin of dissolved organic carbon in Yegua groundwaters (Brazos County, Texas) AN - 52141381; 2002-010499 AB - To examine the sources of DOC in aquifer systems, groundwater samples were collected from eight wells in the Eocene Yegua formation in east-central Texas. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC), volatile organic acids (VOA), and combined neutral sugars were analyzed in groundwaters. In addition, reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration techniques were used to isolate high, intermediate, and low molecular weight DOC fractions (HMW>3000 amu, IMW 1000-3000 amu, and LMW 500-1000 amu). DOC analyses in five shallow (<20 m) and three deeper wells (27-30 m) ranged from 1-6 mg/l. VOAs comprised 0.5-4.9% and neutral sugars 0.8-6.7% of DOC, respectively. Acetic acid was the dominant VOA and ranged from 1.0-4.1 mu mol/l in shallow groundwaters, and 0.37-0.52 mu mol/l in deep groundwaters. Glucose was the most abundant neutral sugar followed by xylose and galactose, arabinose, mannose, rhamnose, and fucose. Neutral sugars ranged in concentration from 0.6 to 2.7 mu mol/l. These sugars were more diagenetically altered in shallow, oxic groundwaters as indicated by high mole % fucose+rhamnose and low neutral sugar yield. The precursors for neutral sugars are most probably angiosperm leaves, which show a similar distribution pattern of neutral sugars. The (super 13) C of bulk DOC and HMW DOC fraction ranged from -24 to -32 , whereas LMW DOC fraction ranged from -32 to -34. Groundwater DOC was depleted in (super 13) C relative to soil-zone OM (organic matter) (-16 to -19 ). This variability in (super 13) C is probably related to eogenetic effects, microbial processes, and selective preservation of OM. Carbon isotope analyses of bulk and different molecular weight DOC fractions imply a predominantly C3 OM source and a low contribution of soil-zone OM to DOC. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Routh, Joyanto AU - Grossman, Ethan L AU - Murphy, Ellyn M AU - Benner, Ronald AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 SP - 8 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 32 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - alteration KW - isotopes KW - characterization KW - stable isotopes KW - sugars KW - ground water KW - Cenozoic KW - carbon KW - carbohydrates KW - organic carbon KW - processes KW - east-central Texas KW - Eocene KW - isotope ratios KW - C-13/C-12 KW - solutes KW - Texas KW - Paleogene KW - aquifers KW - volatiles KW - Tertiary KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - Brazos County Texas KW - diagenesis KW - volatile organic compounds KW - water wells KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52141381?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Characterization+and+origin+of+dissolved+organic+carbon+in+Yegua+groundwaters+%28Brazos+County%2C+Texas%29&rft.au=Routh%2C+Joyanto%3BGrossman%2C+Ethan+L%3BMurphy%2C+Ellyn+M%3BBenner%2C+Ronald%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Routh&rft.aufirst=Joyanto&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=8&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2000 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alteration; aquifers; Brazos County Texas; C-13/C-12; carbohydrates; carbon; Cenozoic; characterization; diagenesis; east-central Texas; Eocene; ground water; isotope ratios; isotopes; organic acids; organic carbon; organic compounds; Paleogene; processes; solutes; stable isotopes; sugars; Tertiary; Texas; United States; volatile organic compounds; volatiles; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Two-dimensional strain at wrinkle ridges using fault-displacement length scaling at terrestrial analogs AN - 52137694; 2002-018859 AB - Evaluation of theoretical stress and strain models of planetary tectonics requires developing methods for determining two or three dimensional strain from structural analysis. The method we describe allows for estimating two-dimensional horizontal strain at wrinkle ridges from planetary imagery. It is partly grounded on structural study of well-known expected analogs, the Yakima Folds, a series of thrusted anticlines observed in the Columbia Plateau. Assuming that the folds are fault-bend folds or fault-propagation folds, displacement along the thrust faults accounts for most ridge shortening. The part of fault displacement accounted for by linear elastic fracture mechanics is keyed to the size of the fault plane, whereas inelastic displacement at fault tip is embodied in two wedges abutting on the major axis of the fault. Wedge dimensions are determined from statistical analysis of various fault sets. Using maximum thrust fault displacement d, fault length L, and dip angle data, horizontal strain is calculated at every ridge. For the Yakima Folds, d and L data measured in the field and by geophysical methods are shown to be consistent with d-L scaling derived from other fault data sets. Standard deviation in d/L values at the Yakima ridges is on the same order as standard deviation at the other data sets. Dip angle is inferred from horizontal and vertical displacement data and in some cases constrained by boreholes. Contractional strain is calculated using the displacement plane equation and compared with previous estimates. At planetary wrinkle ridges, which have similar mean length as the Yakima Folds, displacement is estimated from measuring L and extracting d from Yakima Fold d/L data, for a range of statistically realistic dip angles inferred from the Yakima Folds. An example is given at the Coprates ridge plain on Mars, and is compared with recent strain models and strain previously estimated at other ridge areas on Mars using photoclinometric techniques. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Mege, Daniel AU - Reidel, S P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 SP - 39 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 32 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - imagery KW - strain KW - standard deviation KW - Mars KW - wrinkle ridges KW - displacements KW - fractures KW - dip KW - folds KW - Coprates ridge plain KW - mechanics KW - interplanetary comparison KW - tectonics KW - anticlines KW - faults KW - three-dimensional models KW - structural analysis KW - stress KW - statistical analysis KW - equations KW - two-dimensional models KW - terrestrial planets KW - models KW - planets KW - thrust faults KW - natural analogs KW - Columbia Plateau KW - Yakima fold belt KW - 16:Structural geology KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52137694?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Two-dimensional+strain+at+wrinkle+ridges+using+fault-displacement+length+scaling+at+terrestrial+analogs&rft.au=Mege%2C+Daniel%3BReidel%2C+S+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Mege&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=39&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2000 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anticlines; Columbia Plateau; Coprates ridge plain; dip; displacements; equations; faults; folds; fractures; imagery; interplanetary comparison; Mars; mechanics; models; natural analogs; planets; standard deviation; statistical analysis; strain; stress; structural analysis; tectonics; terrestrial planets; three-dimensional models; thrust faults; two-dimensional models; United States; wrinkle ridges; Yakima fold belt ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In situ redox manipulation; field testing for groundwater remediation AN - 52126452; 2002-028814 AB - A permeable reactive treatment barrier technology, In Situ Redox Manipulation (ISRM), has been successfully tested in field experiments for the remediation of hexavalent chromium and dissolved TCE contaminated-groundwater. ISRM involves the creation of a treatment zone in an aquifer by reducing the naturally occurring ferric iron to ferrous iron using the injection/withdrawal of a chemical reducing agent (i.e., sodium dithionite with potassium carbonate/bicarbonate pH buffers). Redox-sensitive contaminants migrating through this fixed reduced zone in the aquifer can be immobilized (e.g., metals) or degraded (e.g., chlorinated solvents). Advantages of this technology include treatment of aquifers deeper than accessible by trench-and-fill techniques since ISRM barrier emplacement uses standard groundwater wells. Once installed, the system does not require any long-term operation and maintenance. ISRM field tests for the remediation of hexavalent chromium have been conducted at two locations on the Hanford site in Washington State. The larger-scale treatability study was conducted at the 100-D located about 500 ft from the Columbia River. The unconfined aquifer is 15-ft thick and 85-ft deep. A 150-ft long pilot-scale barrier was created by coalescing the cylindrical reduced zones around 5 injection/withdrawal wells. Chromate concentrations in the injection/withdrawal wells are below detection limits (8 mu g/L) compared to baseline values of approximately 1,000 mu g/L. Downgradient wells have also significantly decreased from baseline values and are still declining. The pilot-scale ISRM zone is currently being expanded up to 2,000-ft to prevent the migration of hexavalent chromium to the Columbia River. An ISRM proof-of-principle test for dissolved TCE is currently underway at Fort Lewis in Tacoma, Washington. The aquifer is in a complex glaciofluvial setting, with high hydraulic conductivity (700 ft/day), low aquifer temperatures (12 degrees C), and baseline TCE concentrations of approximately 140 mu g/L. Current groundwater monitoring shows TCE concentrations of less than 95% of baseline (and upgradient) values within the reduced zone after 4 dithionite injections. Acetylene has also been detected in the wells with significantly lower TCE concentrations as further evidence of TCE destruction. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Fruchter, Jonathan S AU - Williams, Mark D AU - Vermeul, Vince R AU - Szecsody, James E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 SP - 65 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 32 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - acetylene KW - technology KW - Pierce County Washington KW - buffers KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - Fort Lewis KW - glaciofluvial environment KW - iron KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - ferric iron KW - alkynes KW - glacial environment KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - depositional environment KW - pH KW - Eh KW - chromium KW - Tacoma Washington KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - in situ KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - chromates KW - ferrous iron KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - detection KW - dissolved materials KW - metals KW - hydrocarbons KW - testing KW - trichloroethylene KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - water wells KW - fluvial environment KW - field studies KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52126452?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=In+situ+redox+manipulation%3B+field+testing+for+groundwater+remediation&rft.au=Fruchter%2C+Jonathan+S%3BWilliams%2C+Mark+D%3BVermeul%2C+Vince+R%3BSzecsody%2C+James+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Fruchter&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=65&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2000 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acetylene; aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkynes; aquifers; buffers; chlorinated hydrocarbons; chromates; chromium; depositional environment; detection; dissolved materials; Eh; ferric iron; ferrous iron; field studies; fluvial environment; Fort Lewis; glacial environment; glaciofluvial environment; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; Hanford Site; hydraulic conductivity; hydrocarbons; in situ; iron; metals; monitoring; organic compounds; pH; Pierce County Washington; pollution; remediation; Tacoma Washington; technology; testing; trichloroethylene; United States; Washington; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reactive transport modeling applied to the performance assessment of a low-activity waste glass disposal system AN - 52122301; 2002-028843 AB - A large inventory of radioactive and mixed waste has accumulated in 177 buried single- and double-shell tanks at the Hanford Site in southeastern Washington State. Liquid waste recovered from the tanks will be pretreated to separate the low-activity fraction from the high-level and transuranic wastes. The low-activity waste will be immobilized in glass and placed in a near-surface disposal system on the Hanford Site. Before the immobilized low-activity waste can be disposed, a performance assessment that describes the long-term impacts of the disposal facility on public health and environmental resources must be approved. Reactive chemical transport simulations of glass corrosion and radionuclide transport from this low-activity waste disposal system were conducted out to times of 20,000 years with the Subsurface Transport Over Reactive Multiphases (STORM) code. The underlying mathematics in STORM is contained in a set of coupled, nonlinear, partial differential equations representing conservation equations for energy, mass, and momentum. They describe the rate of change of the solute concentrations of pore water in a variably saturated, non-isothermal porous medium, and the alteration of waste forms, packaging materials, backfill, and host rocks. Parameterization of the computer model was accomplished by combining direct laboratory measurements, literature data (principally thermodynamic data), and parameter estimation methods. Time and spatial dependence of glass corrosion rate, sodium ion exchange, secondary phase formation, pH, and radionuclide concentration were evaluated. Full coupling between unsaturated flow and reactive chemical transport allowed the effect of various hydraulic regimes on the radionuclide release rate to be evaluated. Simulations required run times of 4 to 10 days on a state-of-the-art Unix workstation because the complicated suite of reactions, coupled with unsaturated flow, limited time step sizes to 1 year or less. The results show low release rates for the low-activity waste glasses such that performance criteria for the site, which is the maximum radionuclide release rate, will be met by a factor of 20 or more. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Bacon, Diana Holford AU - McGrail, B Peter AU - Saripalli, K Prasad AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 SP - 69 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 32 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - volcanic rocks KW - glasses KW - isotopes KW - igneous rocks KW - saturated materials KW - data processing KW - simulation KW - environmental effects KW - radioactive waste KW - evaluation KW - laboratory studies KW - computers KW - reactivity KW - radioactive isotopes KW - workstations KW - transport KW - ion exchange KW - pH KW - high-level waste KW - experimental studies KW - Washington KW - Hanford Site KW - porous materials KW - southeastern Washington KW - measurement KW - models KW - liquid waste KW - waste disposal KW - low-level waste KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52122301?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochemistry&rft.atitle=Phospholamban+binds+in+a+compact+and+ordered+conformation+to+the+Ca-ATPase.&rft.au=Li%2C+Jinhui%3BXiong%2C+Yijia%3BBigelow%2C+Diana+J%3BSquier%2C+Thomas+C&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Jinhui&rft.date=2004-01-20&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=455&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochemistry&rft.issn=00062960&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2000 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - computers; data processing; environmental effects; evaluation; experimental studies; glasses; Hanford Site; high-level waste; igneous rocks; ion exchange; isotopes; laboratory studies; liquid waste; low-level waste; measurement; models; pH; porous materials; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; reactivity; saturated materials; simulation; southeastern Washington; transport; United States; volcanic rocks; Washington; waste disposal; workstations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development and calibration of a three-dimensional regional hydrogeologic model for the Mayak Site, Urals AN - 52105591; 2002-041777 AB - The Mayak nuclear production site is one of the most highly contaminated places on earth. Since 1951, radioactive discharges into Lake Karachay, a natural bog with no surface outlet, totaled about 120 million curies (Ci) of (super 90) Sr and (super 137) Cs. A radioactive, dense nitrate-brine plume containing about 1 million Ci of (super 90) Sr leaked from Lake Karachay has migrated 2.5 to 3 km north and south of the lake in that time. To determine future risks from and proper remediation measures for existing contamination, predictions of the fate and transport of contaminants away from Lake Karachay are necessary. These predictions are complicated by site geologic and hydrologic condition and by temporally and spatially variable ground water recharge. Joint U.S.-Russian investigations of contaminant fate and transport have been underway at Lake Karachay since 1994. Because of the complexity of the problem, we have adopted a phased approach to modeling contaminant transport. During Phase 1, we developed a three-dimensional, steady-state ground-water flow model for the region. During Phases 2 and 3, we will extend the steady-state simulation to include transient sources, sinks, and boundary conditions and, finally, superimpose contaminant migration. Here, we discuss the development, initial trial and error model calibration results, and automation of the steady-state ground-water flow model in preparation for calibration of the transient model using a model inversion technique. JF - Hydrological Science and Technology AU - Cole, C R AU - Hoover, K A AU - Foley, M G AU - Gerhardstein, L H AU - Williams, M D AU - Wurstner, S K AU - Drozhko, E AU - Samsonova, L AU - Vasil'kova, N AU - Zinin, A AU - Zinina, G AU - Ter-Saakian, K A2 - Tsang, Chin-Fu A2 - Apps, John A. Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 SP - 79 EP - 100 PB - American Institute of Hydrology, Saint Paul, MN VL - 16 IS - 1-4 SN - 0887-686X, 0887-686X KW - Sr-90 KW - contaminant plumes KW - isotopes KW - hydrogeology KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - radioactive isotopes KW - Commonwealth of Independent States KW - cesium KW - transport KW - Lake Karachai KW - Urals KW - Mayak Russian Federation KW - alkaline earth metals KW - three-dimensional models KW - pollutants KW - alkali metals KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - recharge KW - Cs-137 KW - metals KW - risk assessment KW - waste disposal KW - strontium KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52105591?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hydrological+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Development+and+calibration+of+a+three-dimensional+regional+hydrogeologic+model+for+the+Mayak+Site%2C+Urals&rft.au=Cole%2C+C+R%3BHoover%2C+K+A%3BFoley%2C+M+G%3BGerhardstein%2C+L+H%3BWilliams%2C+M+D%3BWurstner%2C+S+K%3BDrozhko%2C+E%3BSamsonova%2C+L%3BVasil%27kova%2C+N%3BZinin%2C+A%3BZinina%2C+G%3BTer-Saakian%2C+K&rft.aulast=Cole&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=79&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Assessing+Overwater+Structure-related+Predation+on+Juvenile+Salmon%3A+A+Field+Study+and+Protocol+for+Weighing+the+Evidence&rft.title=Assessing+Overwater+Structure-related+Predation+on+Juvenile+Salmon%3A+A+Field+Study+and+Protocol+for+Weighing+the+Evidence&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth USA/CIS joint conference on Hydrologic issues of the 21st century; ecology, environment and human health N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - PubXState - MN N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; alkaline earth metals; cesium; Commonwealth of Independent States; contaminant plumes; Cs-137; ground water; hydrogeology; isotopes; Lake Karachai; Mayak Russian Federation; metals; pollutants; pollution; prediction; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; recharge; risk assessment; Sr-90; strontium; three-dimensional models; transport; Urals; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling of deep injection disposal of liquid radioactive wastes in Russia AN - 52105534; 2002-041778 AB - The necessary condition for deep well injection of liquid radioactive wastes into geological formations is the prediction of its after-effects. For this purposes the modeling of waste movement, temperature variation and other processes has been used in Russia since the 1960s. The report describes the history of the development of modeling for deep well injection of liquid radioactive waste in Russia and presents the new results of modeling for deep injection storage of the State scientific center "Research Institute for Atomic Reactors" at Dimitrovgrad. JF - Hydrological Science and Technology AU - Rybalchenko, A I AU - Kurochkin, V M AU - Baydariko, E A AU - Zinina, E G A AU - Foley, M G A2 - Tsang, Chin-Fu A2 - Apps, John A. Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 SP - 101 EP - 122 PB - American Institute of Hydrology, Saint Paul, MN VL - 16 IS - 1-4 SN - 0887-686X, 0887-686X KW - liquid phase KW - Tomsk Russian Federation KW - reinjection wells KW - numerical models KW - data processing KW - waste disposal sites KW - prediction KW - observation wells KW - Russian Federation KW - environmental analysis KW - radioactive waste KW - models KW - computer programs KW - Commonwealth of Independent States KW - data bases KW - waste disposal KW - Asia KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52105534?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hydrological+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Modeling+of+deep+injection+disposal+of+liquid+radioactive+wastes+in+Russia&rft.au=Rybalchenko%2C+A+I%3BKurochkin%2C+V+M%3BBaydariko%2C+E+A%3BZinina%2C+E+G+A%3BFoley%2C+M+G&rft.aulast=Rybalchenko&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=101&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hydrological+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=0887686X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth USA/CIS joint conference on Hydrologic issues of the 21st century; ecology, environment and human health N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - PubXState - MN N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sects., block diag., sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; Commonwealth of Independent States; computer programs; data bases; data processing; environmental analysis; liquid phase; models; numerical models; observation wells; prediction; radioactive waste; reinjection wells; Russian Federation; Tomsk Russian Federation; waste disposal; waste disposal sites ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geostatistical evaluation of a well network to monitor a carbon tetrachloride plume at the Hanford Site, southeastern Washington AN - 52050079; 2002-077780 AB - During the Cold War, the Hanford Site produced plutonium for America's nuclear arsenal. From 1955-1973, the refining process used large quantities of carbon tetrachloride during separation of the plutonium. A portion of the carbon tetrachloride eventually reached the underlying aquifer and led to the development of a 12-sq-km plume in the groundwater. Wells were drilled to monitor the plume as well as a large number of facilities in the area, so that eventually there were 123 wells within the plume or in the adjacent area that were sampled for carbon tetrachloride. A large number of those wells were separated by small distances and were providing redundant information, which is very costly. We developed a geostatistical algorithm to rank the value of the existing boreholes for monitoring the carbon tetrachloride plume. Each well was ranked on a combination of the uncertainty with respect to a critical concentration level (the cleanup target of the initial remediation system) and on the distance from other monitoring wells. A further constraint on the evaluation process was the inclusion of a list of wells required by regulation, which were not allowed to be deleted. Using this process, a set of 20 wells was selected for deletion, which were then evaluated by the hydrogeologist responsible for monitoring the plume. Four wells were added back to the data set, based on his evaluation of recent trends in the behavior of the plume, with 16 wells identified for removal from the sampling list. Several measures were then used to evaluate the effect of eliminating the targeted boreholes from the data set, and to verify that the reduced data set could reproduce the important features of the map and the geostatistical model. The resulting set of sampling locations can provide the same confidence about the distribution of the carbon tetrachloride in the groundwater with a 13% reduction in the number of monitoring wells, which will significantly lower the costs of sampling and analysis. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Dresel, P Evan AU - Chien, Yi-Ju AU - Murray, Christopher J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 SP - 139 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 32 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - contaminant plumes KW - plutonium KW - observation wells KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - evaluation KW - sampling KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - algorithms KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - geostatistics KW - cost KW - carbon tetrachloride KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - metals KW - water wells KW - actinides KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52050079?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Geostatistical+evaluation+of+a+well+network+to+monitor+a+carbon+tetrachloride+plume+at+the+Hanford+Site%2C+southeastern+Washington&rft.au=Dresel%2C+P+Evan%3BChien%2C+Yi-Ju%3BMurray%2C+Christopher+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Dresel&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=139&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2000 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; algorithms; aquifers; carbon tetrachloride; chlorinated hydrocarbons; contaminant plumes; cost; evaluation; geostatistics; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; Hanford Site; metals; monitoring; observation wells; organic compounds; plutonium; pollution; sampling; simulation; statistical analysis; United States; Washington; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Implications of ion exchange on dissolution kinetics of alkali silicate glasses and minerals AN - 52032920; 2003-008667 AB - It has long been recognized that initial glass reactivity in aqueous solutions is affected by the exchange of hydrogen species (H+, H3O+, or H2O) with alkalis in the glass. At longer exposure times, dissolution reactions are thought to dominate. However, recent studies have indicated that alkali-H exchange reactions can become the dominant reaction mechanism again when the chemical affinity approaches zero, i. e. when the contacting solution becomes concentrated in dissolved glass components. Sodium in glass is found to continuously exchange with H+ (or H3O+) in solution, causing the pH of the solution to rise. To maintain saturation in static or near static systems, additional dissolution then occurs. Consequently, dissolution kinetics is controlled by the rate of alkali ion exchange, a completely independent reaction mechanism from the dissolution step itself. These observations raise important questions about the validity of transition state theory for modeling the dissolution kinetics of glasses and alkali silicate minerals. Ion exchange experiments conducted in H2O and D2O with a series of sodium aluminosilicate glasses show that Na-release rates decrease by 30% in D2O, suggesting that rupture of the O-H bond, not diffusion of water, is the rate-limiting step in the exchange reaction. Sodium ion exchange rates do not correlate linearly with the population density of nonbridging oxygens in the glasses. MAS-NMR measurements showed that systematic changes in the average bond strength of the glasses, as determined by 29Si chemical shift, also impact exchange rates. XANES measurements at the Na K-edge showed that the chemical shift changes observed by NMR could be explained by decreases in Na-O bond length and coordination as the Al content in the glasses increased. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - McGrail, B Peter AU - Icenhower, Jonathan AU - Baer, Don R AU - Darab, John G AU - Shuh, David K AU - Liu, Ping AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 SP - 212 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 32 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - silicates KW - oxygen KW - solutions KW - mechanism KW - bonding KW - aqueous solutions KW - solution KW - NMR spectra KW - XANES spectra KW - controls KW - reactivity KW - chemical reactions KW - aluminum KW - spectra KW - ion exchange KW - kinetics KW - glass materials KW - pH KW - water KW - experimental studies KW - alkali metals KW - rates KW - sodium KW - X-ray spectra KW - MAS NMR spectra KW - hydroxyl ion KW - metals KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52032920?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Implications+of+ion+exchange+on+dissolution+kinetics+of+alkali+silicate+glasses+and+minerals&rft.au=McGrail%2C+B+Peter%3BIcenhower%2C+Jonathan%3BBaer%2C+Don+R%3BDarab%2C+John+G%3BShuh%2C+David+K%3BLiu%2C+Ping%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=McGrail&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=212&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2000 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; aluminum; aqueous solutions; bonding; chemical reactions; controls; experimental studies; glass materials; hydroxyl ion; ion exchange; kinetics; MAS NMR spectra; mechanism; metals; NMR spectra; oxygen; pH; rates; reactivity; silicates; sodium; solution; solutions; spectra; water; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of Al, Si, and pH on the dissolution kinetics of borosilicate waste glass determined by single-pass flow-through (SPFT) experiments AN - 52031311; 2003-008666 AB - Quantifying the reactivity of candidate waste glass formulations is the chief goal towards predicting the long-term release of radioactive elements into the geosphere. A major barrier to our understanding of the radionuclide release rates lies in elucidating the effects of Al, Si, and pH on the corrosion resistance of glass. Current models of glass reactivity differ significantly over how to incorporate Al and Si into a transition state formulation. Accordingly, we conducted single-pass flow-through (SPFT) experiments on a candidate boroaluminosilicate waste glass to determine the effects of Si, Al, and pH on glass reactivity. The experiments were carried out over the temperature interval of 23 to 90 degrees C, pH between 2 and 12, and in solutions containing variable concentrations of Si and Al. In experiments that lack Al and Si in the input solutions, dissolution rates increase with increasing values of q/s (flow-through rate per surface area of glass) and reach a constant maximum (forward rate) for all temperatures investigated. The dependence of dissolution rate on pH at the basic end of the pH-scale (7 to 11) is temperature insensitive and yields a slope of 0.37+ or -0.04. Experiments indicate that dissolution rates decrease with increasing Si, Al, or mixed Al-Si concentrations in the input solution. Dissolution rates decrease sharply (2.5X) with the addition of low concentrations of Si (5% to 20% w.r.t. silica saturation) to the input solution, and then become nearly constant as Si increases up to amorphous silica saturation. Addition of Al (up to supersatuation w.r.t. aluminous phases) to input solutions also yield a decrease in dissolution rates, but not as sharply. Dissolution rates in mixed Al-Si solutions indicate that Si dominates as the rate-inhibiting species compared to Al. Collectively, these findings on the effects of Al and Si could not be reconciled with existing models of glass reactivity. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Icenhower, Jonathan AU - McGrail, B Peter AU - Schaef, H Todd AU - Steele, Jackie L AU - Rodriguez, Elsa A AU - Deskin, Lisa AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 SP - 212 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 32 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - silicates KW - experimental studies KW - solutions KW - isotopes KW - rates KW - solution KW - silicon KW - temperature KW - radioactive waste KW - models KW - reactivity KW - borosilicates KW - radioactive isotopes KW - saturation KW - quantitative analysis KW - metals KW - aluminum KW - waste disposal KW - kinetics KW - glass materials KW - pH KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52031311?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Effects+of+Al%2C+Si%2C+and+pH+on+the+dissolution+kinetics+of+borosilicate+waste+glass+determined+by+single-pass+flow-through+%28SPFT%29+experiments&rft.au=Icenhower%2C+Jonathan%3BMcGrail%2C+B+Peter%3BSchaef%2C+H+Todd%3BSteele%2C+Jackie+L%3BRodriguez%2C+Elsa+A%3BDeskin%2C+Lisa%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Icenhower&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=212&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2000 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aluminum; borosilicates; experimental studies; glass materials; isotopes; kinetics; metals; models; pH; quantitative analysis; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; rates; reactivity; saturation; silicates; silicon; solution; solutions; temperature; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dissolution of non-uniformly distributed immiscible liquid; aqueous concentrations and mass transfer rate coefficient AN - 52024220; 2003-014548 AB - The purpose of this work is to examine the effects of non-uniform distributions of immiscible liquid, porous-media heterogeneity, and sampling-associated dilution on immiscible-liquid dissolution. Dissolution experiments were conducted in intermediate-scale flow cells ( approximately 1 m by 2 m by 0. 05 m) packed with sand in which zones of residual trichloroethene (TCE) and 1,2-dichloroethane (DCA) saturation were placed. A TCE zone and a DCA zone were created in the same medium-grained sand as used for the flow-cell matrix (zones 2 and 3). Another TCE zone was created in finer sand (zone 1). Aqueous samples were collected using depth-specific sampling ports, vertically integrated sampling ports, and at the fully screened extraction well. A dual-energy gamma radiation system was used to measure TCE and DCA saturation before and after the experiments. One- and three-dimensional mathematical models were used to simulate the results of the experiments. The magnitude of the aqueous-phase TCE and DCA concentrations varied as a function of location and sampling method. The concentrations measured at the point-sampling ports downgradient of zones 2 and 3 were close to the aqueous solubilities. Conversely, the concentrations measured at the point-sampling ports downgradient of zone 1 were substantially less than solubility. The concentrations measured at the vertically integrated ports and at the extraction well were significantly less than the concentrations measured at the point-sampling ports. These results reflect influences of the physical-heterogeneity induced non-uniform flow field, as well as sampling-associated dilution related to the non-uniform NAPL distribution. A three-dimensional mathematical model, wherein the non-uniform distribution of immiscible-liquid was represented explicitly, was used to simulate the dissolution behavior. The magnitudes of the mass-transfer rate coefficients obtained using the complex 3-D model are compared to those obtained using simplified models, wherein the immiscible-liquid distribution was treated as uniform. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Brusseau, Mark L AU - Zhang, Zhihui AU - Cain, R Brent AU - Tick, Geoff AU - Nelson, Nicole T AU - Oostrom, Mart AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 SP - 187 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 32 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - three-dimensional models KW - one-dimensional models KW - pollution KW - rates KW - porous materials KW - mathematical models KW - solubility KW - solution KW - simulation KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - models KW - organic compounds KW - saturation KW - sampling KW - immiscibility KW - dilution KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - trichloroethylene KW - dichloroethane KW - mass transfer KW - heterogeneity KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52024220?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Dissolution+of+non-uniformly+distributed+immiscible+liquid%3B+aqueous+concentrations+and+mass+transfer+rate+coefficient&rft.au=Brusseau%2C+Mark+L%3BZhang%2C+Zhihui%3BCain%2C+R+Brent%3BTick%2C+Geoff%3BNelson%2C+Nicole+T%3BOostrom%2C+Mart%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Brusseau&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=187&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2000 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chlorinated hydrocarbons; dichloroethane; dilution; halogenated hydrocarbons; heterogeneity; immiscibility; mass transfer; mathematical models; models; nonaqueous phase liquids; one-dimensional models; organic compounds; pollution; porous materials; rates; sampling; saturation; simulation; solubility; solution; three-dimensional models; trichloroethylene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling dynamic microbial processes in groundwater AN - 51887412; 2004-013079 AB - The incorporation of microbial processes into reactive transport models has generally proceeded along two separate lines of investigation: (1) transport of bacteria as inert colloids in porous media, and (2) the biodegradation of dissolved contaminants by a stationary phase of bacteria. Research over the last decade has indicated that these processes are closely linked. This linkage may occur when a change in metabolic activity alters the attachment/detachment rates of bacteria to surfaces, either promoting or retarding bacterial transport in a groundwater contaminant plume. Changes in metabolic activity, in turn, are controlled by the time of exposure of the microbes to electron acceptors/donor and other components affecting activity. Similarly, metabolic activity can affect the reversibility of attachment, depending on the residence time of active microbes. Thus, improvements in quantitative analysis of active subsurface biota necessitate direct linkages between substrate availability, metabolic activity, growth, and attachment/detachment rates. This linkage requires both a detailed understanding of the biologic processes and robust quantitative representations of these processes that can be tested experimentally. One recent advancement is the development of an exposure time model. This model incorporates cell-level processes into a reactive transport model by tracking biomass in space, time, and the additional dimension of exposure time. This capability permits simulation of dynamic processes occurring in an evolving contaminant plume and is expected ultimately to lead to a better understanding of the subsurface behavior of microbial communities. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Murphy, Ellyn M AU - Ginn, Timothy R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 SP - 432 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 32 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - processes KW - biodegradation KW - colloidal materials KW - communities KW - contaminant plumes KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - models KW - transport KW - quantitative analysis KW - dissolved materials KW - bacteria KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51887412?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Modeling+dynamic+microbial+processes+in+groundwater&rft.au=Murphy%2C+Ellyn+M%3BGinn%2C+Timothy+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Murphy&rft.aufirst=Ellyn&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=432&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2000 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biodegradation; colloidal materials; communities; contaminant plumes; dissolved materials; ground water; models; pollution; porous materials; processes; quantitative analysis; simulation; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Behavior of hydrated sulfates and carbonates under Europa surface conditions AN - 51583839; 2006-044235 AB - We have performed experiments on the behavior of hydrated salts under low temperature and high vacuum conditions analogous to Europa and find a wide range of resistance to thermal dehydration. JF - Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference AU - McCord, Thomas B AU - Hansen, G B AU - Orlando, T M AU - Sieger, M T AU - Teeter, G AU - Petrik, N G AU - van Keulen, L AU - Crowley, J K AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 EP - abstr. no. 1541 PB - Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX VL - 31 KW - icy satellites KW - desorption KW - Europa Satellite KW - Jupiter KW - ice shelves KW - Galilean satellites KW - giant planets KW - sedimentary rocks KW - phase equilibria KW - spectra KW - outer planets KW - satellites KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - chemically precipitated rocks KW - sulfates KW - thermal properties KW - hydrochemistry KW - evaporites KW - planets KW - hydration KW - brines KW - carbonates KW - salt KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51583839?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Behavior+of+hydrated+sulfates+and+carbonates+under+Europa+surface+conditions&rft.au=McCord%2C+Thomas+B%3BHansen%2C+G+B%3BOrlando%2C+T+M%3BSieger%2C+M+T%3BTeeter%2C+G%3BPetrik%2C+N+G%3Bvan+Keulen%2C+L%3BCrowley%2C+J+K%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=McCord&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2000/pdf/1541.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Thirty-first lunar and planetary science conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX, United States N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #02179 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - brines; carbonates; chemical composition; chemically precipitated rocks; desorption; Europa Satellite; evaporites; Galilean satellites; geochemistry; giant planets; hydration; hydrochemistry; ice shelves; icy satellites; Jupiter; outer planets; phase equilibria; planets; salt; satellites; sedimentary rocks; spectra; sulfates; thermal properties ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fate of uranium during bacterial dissimilatory reduction of Fe(III) and Mn(IV) oxides AN - 51336774; 2003-052049 AB - Dissimilatory metal reducing bacteria (DMRB) couple the oxidation of organic matter and hydrogen to the reduction of Fe(III), Mn(IV) and a range of multivalent metals and radionuclides during anaerobic respiration. This process has a profound impact on metal and radionuclide solubility and hence is an important link in the biogeochemical cycling of these elements. Recent research in our laboratory has focused on biogeochemical investigations into the speciation of U in the presence and absence of Fe and Mn oxides during dissimilatory metal reduction. The partitioning and speciation of U following bioreduction was investigated using a combination of aqueous geochemical, spectroscopic, and microscopic analyses. The behavior of U during reduction by the DMRB Shewanella putrefaciens in the presence of goethite (FeOOH) or the Mn(IV) oxides pyrolusite and birnessite is compared and contrasted. Results from these studies have important implications for the bioremediation of metal- and radionuclide-contaminated sites. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Fredrickson, James K AU - Zachara, John M AU - Gorby, Yuri A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 SP - 258 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 32 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - respiration KW - iron oxides KW - goethite KW - isotopes KW - pyrolusite KW - Shewanella putrefaciens KW - Shewanella KW - iron KW - remediation KW - ferric iron KW - radioactive isotopes KW - manganese oxides KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - reduction KW - geochemistry KW - biochemistry KW - oxidation KW - pollution KW - solubility KW - bioremediation KW - organic compounds KW - birnessite KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - anaerobic environment KW - uranium KW - actinides KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51336774?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Fate+of+uranium+during+bacterial+dissimilatory+reduction+of+Fe%28III%29+and+Mn%28IV%29+oxides&rft.au=Fredrickson%2C+James+K%3BZachara%2C+John+M%3BGorby%2C+Yuri+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Fredrickson&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=258&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2000 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; anaerobic environment; bacteria; biochemistry; bioremediation; birnessite; ferric iron; geochemistry; goethite; iron; iron oxides; isotopes; manganese oxides; metals; organic compounds; oxidation; oxides; pollution; pyrolusite; radioactive isotopes; reduction; remediation; respiration; Shewanella; Shewanella putrefaciens; solubility; spectra; uranium ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Recharge data package for the immobilized low-activity waste 2001 performance assessment AN - 51316496; 2008-004763 JF - PNNL (Pacific Northwest National Laboratory) AU - Fayer, M J AU - Murphy, E M AU - Downs, J L AU - Khan, F O AU - Lindenmeier, C W AU - Bjornstad, B N Y1 - 2000/01// PY - 2000 DA - January 2000 SP - 200 PB - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA KW - United States KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - isotopes KW - observation wells KW - vegetation KW - preferential flow KW - climate change KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - bioaccumulation KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - tracers KW - lysimeters KW - soils KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - rates KW - migration of elements KW - aquifers KW - models KW - recharge KW - risk assessment KW - waste disposal KW - water resources KW - low-level waste KW - underground disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51316496?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Fayer%2C+M+J%3BMurphy%2C+E+M%3BDowns%2C+J+L%3BKhan%2C+F+O%3BLindenmeier%2C+C+W%3BBjornstad%2C+B+N&rft.aulast=Fayer&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Recharge+data+package+for+the+immobilized+low-activity+waste+2001+performance+assessment&rft.title=Recharge+data+package+for+the+immobilized+low-activity+waste+2001+performance+assessment&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.pnl.gov/publications/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - WA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 8 tables, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04694 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; bioaccumulation; climate change; ground water; Hanford Site; isotopes; low-level waste; lysimeters; migration of elements; models; monitoring; observation wells; pollution; preferential flow; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; rates; recharge; risk assessment; soils; tracers; transport; underground disposal; United States; vegetation; Washington; waste disposal; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Creation of a subsurface permeable treatment zone for aqueous chromate contamination using in situ redox manipulation AN - 51170110; 2002-047094 JF - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation AU - Fruchter, Jonathan S AU - Cole, Charles R AU - Williams, Mark D AU - Vermeul, Vince R AU - Amonette, James E AU - Szecsody, James E AU - Istok, Jonathan D AU - Humphrey, Mark D Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 SP - 66 EP - 77 PB - Ground Water Publishing Co., Dublin, OH VL - 20 IS - 2 SN - 1069-3629, 1069-3629 KW - United States KW - oxygen KW - contaminant plumes KW - detection limit KW - observation wells KW - iron KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - laboratory studies KW - ferric iron KW - chemical reactions KW - water treatment KW - sediments KW - Eh KW - disposal barriers KW - experimental studies KW - Washington KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - injection KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - migration of elements KW - chromates KW - ferrous iron KW - aquifers KW - reagents KW - dissolved oxygen KW - metals KW - waste disposal KW - pore water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51170110?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.atitle=Creation+of+a+subsurface+permeable+treatment+zone+for+aqueous+chromate+contamination+using+in+situ+redox+manipulation&rft.au=Fruchter%2C+Jonathan+S%3BCole%2C+Charles+R%3BWilliams%2C+Mark+D%3BVermeul%2C+Vince+R%3BAmonette%2C+James+E%3BSzecsody%2C+James+E%3BIstok%2C+Jonathan+D%3BHumphrey%2C+Mark+D&rft.aulast=Fruchter&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=66&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.issn=10693629&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6592 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 32 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; chemical reactions; chromates; contaminant plumes; detection limit; disposal barriers; dissolved oxygen; Eh; experimental studies; ferric iron; ferrous iron; ground water; Hanford Site; in situ; injection; iron; laboratory studies; metals; migration of elements; observation wells; oxygen; pollutants; pollution; pore water; reagents; remediation; sediments; solutes; United States; Washington; waste disposal; water treatment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Instrumentation design and installation for monitoring air injection ground water remediation technologies AN - 51169255; 2002-047097 JF - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation AU - Hall, Barbara L AU - Baldwin, Connely K AU - Lachmar, Thomas E AU - Dupont, R Ryan Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 SP - 46 EP - 54 PB - Ground Water Publishing Co., Dublin, OH VL - 20 IS - 2 SN - 1069-3629, 1069-3629 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - degradation KW - oxygen KW - contaminant plumes KW - Davis County Utah KW - soil vapor extraction KW - unsaturated zone KW - observation wells KW - techniques KW - air sparging KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aeration KW - Layton Utah KW - soils KW - leaking underground storage tanks KW - concentration KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - injection KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - petroleum products KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - detection KW - dissolved oxygen KW - hydrocarbons KW - Utah KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51169255?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.atitle=Instrumentation+design+and+installation+for+monitoring+air+injection+ground+water+remediation+technologies&rft.au=Hall%2C+Barbara+L%3BBaldwin%2C+Connely+K%3BLachmar%2C+Thomas+E%3BDupont%2C+R+Ryan&rft.aulast=Hall&rft.aufirst=Barbara&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=46&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.issn=10693629&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6592 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aeration; air sparging; aquifers; concentration; contaminant plumes; Davis County Utah; degradation; detection; dissolved oxygen; ground water; hydrocarbons; injection; Layton Utah; leaking underground storage tanks; monitoring; observation wells; organic compounds; oxygen; petroleum products; pollutants; pollution; remediation; soil vapor extraction; soils; solutes; techniques; United States; unsaturated zone; Utah; water quality ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Integration of radioactive air emission monitoring requirements into development of a Radiological Material Tracking System AN - 21118454; 11329788 AB - The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (Pacific Northwest) has been using an inventory-based method to determine radionuclide air emission monitoring requirements for the research facilities they operate that contain radioactive material. This method requires an annual collection of inventory information for each facility from custodians and from centralized databases developed for other purposes. The data, obtained in various formats, requires reformatting and preprocessing prior to calculating an emission potential based on methods provided in National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP) regulations. From the time when the original calculations were performed in 1991, the system, which calculates potential emissions from the inventory data, has progressed from spreadsheets to a database. Recent efforts are underway to develop a web-based capability to obtain the inventory information used in the annual assessment. This effort coincides with a Pacific Northwest Lab-wide effort to develop a tool to consolidate radionuclide inventory data to comply with a number of regulatory drivers in addition to radioactive air emissions. This system is being called the Radioactive Material Tracking (RMT) system. The RMT system will be used to track the radioactive materials inventory within a specified building (or buildings) for the purpose of maintaining a set of information that is needed in order to determine compliance with various requirements. These requirements include facility Technical Safety Requirements (derived from the facility's Safety Analysis Report), Safeguards & Security, and Criticality Safety, in addition to radionuclide air emission monitoring. The various drivers have both unique and overlapping requirements making development of a total system challenging. A prototype system has been developed using a phased approach. The first phase involves documentation of requirements, and building and testing of a basic database support structure. Testing is being performed on the Pacific Northwest-operated facility with the greatest inventory and the most challenging requirements. In this paper, an overview of the requirements is provided and system capabilities and limitations discussed. The RMT provides a platform to aid custodians in maintaining sufficient inventory information to respond to various compliance program requirements, a tool for facility managers to identify how new operations or movement of materials may affect limiting facility conditions, and a more efficient means to demonstrate compliance. JF - 26TH DOE/NRC NUCLEAR AIR CLEANING CONFERENCE. AU - Ballinger, MY AU - Edwards, D L Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 PB - U.S. Department of Energy KW - Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety KW - P 8000:RADIATION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21118454?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Pollution+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Ballinger%2C+MY%3BEdwards%2C+D+L&rft.aulast=Ballinger&rft.aufirst=MY&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Integration+of+radioactive+air+emission+monitoring+requirements+into+development+of+a+Radiological+Material+Tracking+System&rft.title=Integration+of+radioactive+air+emission+monitoring+requirements+into+development+of+a+Radiological+Material+Tracking+System&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Management Aspects of Implementing the New Effluent Air Monitoring Standard AN - 21118334; 11329789 AB - The revision to ANSI/HPS N13.1, "Sampling and Monitoring Releases of Airborne Radioactive substances From the Stacks and Ducts of Nuclear Facilities," went into effect in January 1999 -- replacing the 1969 version of the standard. There are several significant changes from the old version of the standard. The revised standard provides a new paradigm where representative air samples can be collected by extracting the sample from a single point in air streams where the contaminants are well mixed. The revised standard provides specific performance criteria and requirements for the various air sampling processes - program structure, sample extraction, transport, collection, effluent and sample flow measurement, and quality assurance. A graded approach to sampling is recommended with more stringent requirements for stacks with a greater potential to emit. These significant changes in the standard will impact the air monitoring programs at some sites and facilities. The impacts on the air monitor design, operation, maintenance, and quality control processes are discussed. JF - 26TH DOE/NRC NUCLEAR AIR CLEANING CONFERENCE. AU - Glissmeyer, J AU - Davis, W E Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 PB - U.S. Department of Energy KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21118334?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Pollution+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Glissmeyer%2C+J%3BDavis%2C+W+E&rft.aulast=Glissmeyer&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Management+Aspects+of+Implementing+the+New+Effluent+Air+Monitoring+Standard&rft.title=Management+Aspects+of+Implementing+the+New+Effluent+Air+Monitoring+Standard&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The climate for joint implementation: Case studies from Russia, Ukraine, and Poland AN - 17824794; 4854979 AB - Joint implementation (JI) can provide flexibility in meeting Kyoto Protocol commitments, and 44 nations have already participated in the U.N. Framework Convention on Climate Change - Activities Implemented Jointly (AIJ) pilot. This paper surveys JI policy and projects in three countries - Russia, Ukraine, and Poland - over the past five years and examines the effects of domestic institutions, foreign policy, and investment trends on JI in each country. The institutional and economic situation in the three nations differs greatly, and these distinctions have resulted in very different circumstances for AIJ projects, affecting both their number and scope. Poland has a well-defined set of rules and procedures for JI and its economy is quite strong. Ukraine has not yet established criteria or clear procedures for AIJ project reviews although it does have an Inter-agency Commission on Climate Change. Ukraine's economy declined by over 40% in the 1990s. Russia's economy has also declined, to a lesser extent. Russia does have a procedure for reviewing AIJ projects, though it has temporarily halted these reviews. Countries seeking JI investment can take several steps to improve the number and quality of AIJ projects that they receive. In the long term, governments can create macroeconomic stability and a solid legal investment basis to attract investment for JI and other areas. In the short term, however, governments can undertake several simple and inexpensive steps to promote JI. Establishing clear rules and procedures for AIJ projects is an important step. So too are clearly delegating responsibility for AIJ project review and providing a single JI point of contact in the government to which investors and project developers can turn. Gaining more experience in implementing AIJ projects now is important preparation for fully implementing the Kyoto Protocol beginning in 2008. JF - Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change AU - Evans, M AU - Legro, S AU - Popov, I AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory 901 D Street, S. W., Suite 900, Washington, DC 20024-2115, USA, m.evans@pnl.gov Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 SP - 319 EP - 336 VL - 5 IS - 4 SN - 1381-2386, 1381-2386 KW - Kyoto Protocol KW - Poland KW - Russia KW - Ukraine KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Government programs KW - International cooperation KW - Economics KW - Climatic changes KW - Legislation KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17824794?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mitigation+and+Adaptation+Strategies+for+Global+Change&rft.atitle=The+climate+for+joint+implementation%3A+Case+studies+from+Russia%2C+Ukraine%2C+and+Poland&rft.au=Evans%2C+M%3BLegro%2C+S%3BPopov%2C+I&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=319&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mitigation+and+Adaptation+Strategies+for+Global+Change&rft.issn=13812386&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Climatic changes; Legislation; International cooperation; Economics; Government programs ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fractal Colloidal Agglomerates in Nuclear Tank Wastes: Impact on Waste Properties and Processing AN - 17749788; 4807977 AB - Millions of gallons of the United States' existing inventory of radioactive wastes need to be converted into stable waste forms for long term disposal. Unfortunately, liquid wastes can contain agglomerates of insoluble particles that interfere with retrieval, transport, separation and solidification procedures. Some particulate suspensions form viscous gels that could clog miles of transfer lines with radioactive sludge. Some suspensions never settle at all or form low density networks that entrap huge volumes of interstitial liquids, preventing solid: liquid separations during processing steps such as sludge washing and leaching. Models have been developed to predict orders-of-magnitude variations in the viscosity and sedimentation behavior observed for different sludge types and processing conditions based on concepts of fractal geometry, colloid chemistry, and particle imaging using transmission electron microscopy. JF - Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Restoration AU - Bunker, B C AU - Liu, J AU - Rector AU - Graff, G L AU - Smith, P A AU - Bruinsma, P J AU - Song, L AU - Li, X S AU - Virden, J D AU - Colton, NG AU - Phillips, J R AU - Keefer, K D AU - Tingey, J M AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 SP - 97 EP - 133 VL - 22 IS - 2 SN - 1065-609X, 1065-609X KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Radioactive wastes KW - Sludge disposal KW - Liquid wastes KW - Sedimentation KW - Hazardous wastes KW - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety KW - P 8000:RADIATION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17749788?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radioactive+Waste+Management+and+Environmental+Restoration&rft.atitle=Fractal+Colloidal+Agglomerates+in+Nuclear+Tank+Wastes%3A+Impact+on+Waste+Properties+and+Processing&rft.au=Bunker%2C+B+C%3BLiu%2C+J%3BRector%3BGraff%2C+G+L%3BSmith%2C+P+A%3BBruinsma%2C+P+J%3BSong%2C+L%3BLi%2C+X+S%3BVirden%2C+J+D%3BColton%2C+NG%3BPhillips%2C+J+R%3BKeefer%2C+K+D%3BTingey%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Bunker&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=97&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radioactive+Waste+Management+and+Environmental+Restoration&rft.issn=1065609X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hazardous wastes; Radioactive wastes; Sludge disposal; Sedimentation; Liquid wastes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling microbial processes in porous media AN - 17594929; 4693424 AB - The incorporation of microbial processes into reactive transport models has generally proceeded along two separate lines of investigation: (1) transport of bacteria as inert colloids in porous media, and (2) the biodegradation of dissolved contaminants by a stationary phase of bacteria. Research over the last decade has indicated that these processes are closely linked. This linkage may occur when a change in metabolic activity alters the attachment/detachment rates of bacteria to surfaces, either promoting or retarding bacterial transport in a groundwater-contaminant plume. Changes in metabolic activity, in turn, are controlled by the time of exposure of the microbes to electron acceptors/donor and other components affecting activity. Similarly, metabolic activity can affect the reversibility of attachment, depending on the residence time of active microbes. Thus, improvements in quantitative analysis of active subsurface biota necessitate direct linkages between substrate availability, metabolic activity, growth, and attachment/detachment rates. This linkage requires both a detailed understanding of the biological processes and robust quantitative representations of these processes that can be tested experimentally. This paper presents an overview of current approaches used to represent physicochemical and biological processes in porous media, along with new conceptual approaches that link metabolic activity with partitioning of the microorganism between the aqueous and solid phases. JF - Hydrogeology Journal AU - Murphy, E M AU - Ginn, T R AD - Interfacial Geochemistry Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MSIN K3-61, P.O. Box 999 Richland, Washington 99352, USA, ellyn.murphy@pnl.gov. Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 SP - 142 EP - 158 PB - Springer-Verlag (New York) VL - 8 IS - 1 SN - 1431-2174, 1431-2174 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Aquifers KW - Micro-organisms KW - Bacteria KW - Biodegradation KW - Porous Media KW - Groundwater Pollution KW - Pollution (Groundwater) KW - Biodegradation (see also Biological oxidation) KW - Microorganisms KW - Plumes KW - Porous media KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0840:Groundwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17594929?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hydrogeology+Journal&rft.atitle=Modeling+microbial+processes+in+porous+media&rft.au=Murphy%2C+E+M%3BGinn%2C+T+R&rft.aulast=Murphy&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=142&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hydrogeology+Journal&rft.issn=14312174&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aquifers; Microorganisms; Bacteria; Porous Media; Biodegradation; Groundwater Pollution; Plumes; Micro-organisms; Porous media; Biodegradation (see also Biological oxidation); Pollution (Groundwater) ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Economics of the Kyoto Protocol AN - 17542329; 4727543 AB - In this paper we use the Second Generation Model to develop an assessment of the energy and economic implications of achieving the goals of the Kyoto Protocol. We find that many of the details of the Protocol that remain to be worked out introduce critical uncertainties affecting the cost of compliance. Our analysis shows that the cost of implementing the Protocol in the United States can vary by more than an order of magnitude. The marginal cost in 2010 could be as low as $26 per tonne of carbon if a global system of emissions mitigation could be quickly and effectively implemented. But it could also exceed $250 per tonne of carbon if the United States must meet its emissions limitations entirely through domestic actions, and if mitigation obligations are not adequately anticipated by decision-makers. JF - Energy Journal AU - MacCracken, C N AU - Edmonds, JA AU - Kim, SH AU - Sands, R D AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Battelle Washington Operations, 901 D Street, S.W. Suite 900, Washington, DC 20024-2115, USA, c.maccracken@pnl.gov Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 SP - 25 EP - 72 VL - 21 SN - 0195-6574, 0195-6574 KW - Kyoto Protocol KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Economics KW - Energy consumption KW - International agreements KW - Pollution control KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17542329?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+Journal&rft.atitle=The+Economics+of+the+Kyoto+Protocol&rft.au=MacCracken%2C+C+N%3BEdmonds%2C+JA%3BKim%2C+SH%3BSands%2C+R+D&rft.aulast=MacCracken&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=&rft.spage=25&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+Journal&rft.issn=01956574&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - International agreements; Economics; Pollution control; Energy consumption ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Use of Electromyogram Telemetry to Estimate Energy Expenditure of Adult Fall Chinook Salmon AN - 17480713; 4681648 AB - Excess energy expenditure during the upstream migration of adult fall chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha may reduce spawning success or lead to increased prespawning mortality. Recent advances in biotelemetry make it possible to assess the energetic costs of upstream migration. Our objectives were to evaluate the use of physiological telemetry to estimate the energy expended by adult fall chinook salmon at different swimming velocities and to compare these data to those associated with other species of salmonids. An electromyogram (EMG) telemetry system was used to obtain, transmit, and record an integrated EMG pulse signal that represented the time between muscle contractions. The EMG telemetry system provides a means to evaluate the effects of structural or operational changes in the hydropower system on energy expenditure and reproductive success of upstream migrant adult salmon. Seven adult salmon (71.5 to 106 cm fork length [FL]) were tagged and exercised in a respirometer at 15 and 20 degree C. The EMG pulse rates were similar between temperatures tested, but small fish ( less than or equal to 90 cm FL) had a greater pulse rate than did large fish (>90 cm FL). Oxygen consumption was related to swimming velocity, and approximately 76% of the variance in oxygen consumption could be explained by a model that included EMG pulse rate and fish size-class designation. The results of our study showed that adult fall chinook salmon had similar swimming performances when compared with other salmonids, and EMG transmitters could be used to assess activity rates (and oxygen consumption) in wild migrating fall chinook salmon. JF - Transactions of the American Fisheries Society AU - Geist AU - Abernethy, C S AU - Blanton, S L AU - Cullinan, VI AD - Ecology Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Mail Stop K6-85, Post Office Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, USA, david.geist@pnl.gov Y1 - 2000/01// PY - 2000 DA - Jan 2000 SP - 126 EP - 135 VL - 129 IS - 1 SN - 0002-8487, 0002-8487 KW - Chinook salmon KW - Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Biological surveys KW - Energy expenditure KW - Swimming behavior KW - Bioenergetics KW - Telemetry KW - Respiration KW - Spawning migrations KW - Freshwater KW - Oncorhynchus tshawytscha KW - Migration KW - Q1 08482:Ecosystems and energetics KW - D 04668:Fish KW - D 04002:Surveying and remote sensing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17480713?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society&rft.atitle=The+Use+of+Electromyogram+Telemetry+to+Estimate+Energy+Expenditure+of+Adult+Fall+Chinook+Salmon&rft.au=Geist%3BAbernethy%2C+C+S%3BBlanton%2C+S+L%3BCullinan%2C+VI&rft.aulast=Geist&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=129&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=126&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society&rft.issn=00028487&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological surveys; Bioenergetics; Respiration; Telemetry; Spawning migrations; Energy expenditure; Swimming behavior; Migration; Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mule deer antlers as biomonitors of strontium-90 on the Hanford Site AN - 17399198; 4623424 AB - This study evaluated deer antlers as indicators of animal uptake of localized super(90)Sr contamination on the Hanford Site in south-central Washington. Levels of super(90)Sr were examined in 38 mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus hemionus) antler samples collected near and distant from previously active nuclear reactor facilities and from a reference site in central Oregon. Results showed that super(90)Sr concentrations in antlers collected near reactor facilities were significantly higher (P < 0.001) than other Hanford samples. Reference samples contained nearly 5 times the levels of super(90)Sr compared with Hanford. Strontium-90 concentrations in deer antlers collected at the reference locations were higher than Hanford site deer, presumably because the deer inhabited mountain regions during the summer months that received more atmospheric fallout from historic weapons testing. JF - Journal of Environmental Radioactivity AU - Tiller, B L AU - Poston, T M AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 SP - 29 EP - 44 VL - 47 IS - 1 SN - 0265-931X, 0265-931X KW - Mule deer KW - Odocoileus hemionus KW - USA, Hanford Site KW - USA, Washington KW - antlers KW - strontium-90 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Atomic bombs KW - Radioactive pollution KW - Fallout KW - Antlers KW - Radioactive fallout KW - Strontium KW - X 24210:Radiation & radioactive materials KW - T 20067:Radioisotopes and radiation KW - P 8000:RADIATION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17399198?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Radioactivity&rft.atitle=Mule+deer+antlers+as+biomonitors+of+strontium-90+on+the+Hanford+Site&rft.au=Tiller%2C+B+L%3BPoston%2C+T+M&rft.aulast=Tiller&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=29&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Radioactivity&rft.issn=0265931X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0265-931X%2899%2900014-4 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Odocoileus hemionus; Pollution monitoring; Strontium; Radioactive fallout; Radioactive pollution; Antlers; Fallout; Atomic bombs DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0265-931X(99)00014-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rethinking groundwater monitoring at the Hanford Site AN - 1524612718; 2014-031440 AB - Groundwater monitoring at Department of Energy's (DOE's) Hanford Site is a large, expensive undertaking serving multiple purposes, including compliance with regulations and DOE orders, remediation efforts under CERCLA, and sitewide risk evaluations. Like most large Federal facilities, the monitoring program currently in place has evolved and grown overtime as new requirements were established and groups were assigned to address them. DOE and its regulators simultaneously awakened to the fact that there was a need to reevaluate the monitoring activities at Hanford, to better integrate the program, to avoid duplicative sampling, to improve everyone's understanding of the performance of the network, and to evaluate whether adequate data could be collected for lower cost. This paper describes the approach that was developed to guide the rethinking effort with direct and extensive involvement of DOE, EPA, Washington Department of Ecology, Indian Tribes, and DOE Contractors, and how this approach was applied to a large portion of the site. Both the human element of the process (cultural change), as well as some of the technical details associated with the effort, including a flexible application of EPA's data quality objectives process, are discussed. Abstract Copyright (2000), Wiley Periodicals, Inc., A Wiley Company. JF - Remediation (New York, NY) AU - Michael, Daniel AU - Dresel, Evan AU - Chou, Charissa AU - Murray, Chris AU - Gilbert, Dick AU - Pulsipher, Brent Y1 - 2000 PY - 2000 DA - 2000 SP - 19 EP - 44 PB - John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY VL - 10 IS - 2 SN - 1051-5658, 1051-5658 KW - United States KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - water quality KW - isotopes KW - waste water KW - plutonium KW - regulations KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - radioactive isotopes KW - cesium KW - discharge KW - water pollution KW - heavy metals KW - technetium KW - toxic materials KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - alkali metals KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - decision-making KW - Tc-99 KW - tailings ponds KW - migration of elements KW - aquifers KW - Cs-137 KW - planning KW - metals KW - policy KW - uranium KW - fluvial environment KW - actinides KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1524612718?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Remediation+%28New+York%2C+NY%29&rft.atitle=Rethinking+groundwater+monitoring+at+the+Hanford+Site&rft.au=Michael%2C+Daniel%3BDresel%2C+Evan%3BChou%2C+Charissa%3BMurray%2C+Chris%3BGilbert%2C+Dick%3BPulsipher%2C+Brent&rft.aulast=Michael&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=19&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Remediation+%28New+York%2C+NY%29&rft.issn=10515658&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Frem.3440100204 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%291520-6831 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; alkali metals; aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; cesium; Cs-137; decision-making; discharge; environmental analysis; fluvial environment; ground water; Hanford Site; heavy metals; isotopes; metals; migration of elements; monitoring; planning; plutonium; policy; pollution; radioactive isotopes; regulations; remediation; tailings ponds; Tc-99; technetium; toxic materials; United States; uranium; Washington; waste water; water pollution; water quality DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rem.3440100204 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In situ redox manipulation by dithionite injection; intermediate-scale laboratory experiments AN - 52371683; 2000-031641 JF - Ground Water AU - Istok, J D AU - Amonette, J E AU - Cole, C R AU - Fruchter, J S AU - Humphrey, M D AU - Szecsody, J E AU - Teel, S S AU - Vermeul, V R AU - Williams, M D AU - Yabusaki, S B Y1 - 1999/12// PY - 1999 DA - December 1999 SP - 884 EP - 889 PB - National Water Well Association, Ground-Water Technology Division, Urbana, IL VL - 37 IS - 6 SN - 0017-467X, 0017-467X KW - United States KW - U. S. Department of Energy KW - experimental studies KW - Washington KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - injection KW - government agencies KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - ground water KW - laboratory studies KW - Benton County Washington KW - sodium dithionite KW - permeability KW - Eh KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52371683?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water&rft.atitle=In+situ+redox+manipulation+by+dithionite+injection%3B+intermediate-scale+laboratory+experiments&rft.au=Istok%2C+J+D%3BAmonette%2C+J+E%3BCole%2C+C+R%3BFruchter%2C+J+S%3BHumphrey%2C+M+D%3BSzecsody%2C+J+E%3BTeel%2C+S+S%3BVermeul%2C+V+R%3BWilliams%2C+M+D%3BYabusaki%2C+S+B&rft.aulast=Istok&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1999-12-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=884&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water&rft.issn=0017467X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6584 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - PubXState - IL N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - GRWAAP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Benton County Washington; Eh; experimental studies; government agencies; ground water; Hanford Site; in situ; injection; laboratory studies; permeability; pollutants; pollution; sodium dithionite; U. S. Department of Energy; United States; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A decomposition method for solving coupled multi-species reactive transport problems AN - 52351973; 2000-029248 JF - Transport in Porous Media AU - Sun, Yunwei AU - Clement, T Prabhakar Y1 - 1999/12// PY - 1999 DA - December 1999 SP - 13 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 37 IS - 3 SN - 0169-3913, 0169-3913 KW - models KW - transport KW - pollution KW - kinetics KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52351973?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.atitle=A+decomposition+method+for+solving+coupled+multi-species+reactive+transport+problems&rft.au=Sun%2C+Yunwei%3BClement%2C+T+Prabhakar&rft.aulast=Sun&rft.aufirst=Yunwei&rft.date=1999-12-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.issn=01693913&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://springerlink.metapress.com/(l4tqdq55jga2hgb0achos1qm)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100342,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; ground water; kinetics; models; pollution; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Information on hydrologic conceptual models, parameters, uncertainty analysis, and data sources for dose assessments at decommissioning sites AN - 52287840; 2001-001117 AB - This report addresses issues related to the analysis of uncertainty in dose assessments conducted as part of decommissioning analyses. The analysis is limited to the hydrologic aspects of the exposure pathway involving infiltration of water at the ground surface, leaching of contaminants, and transport of contaminants through the groundwater to a point of exposure. The basic conceptual models and mathematical implementations of three dose assessment codes are outlined along with the site-specific conditions under which the codes may provide inaccurate, potentially nonconservative results. In addition, the hydrologic parameters of the codes are identified and compared. A methodology for parameter uncertainty assessment is outlined that considers the potential data limitations and modeling needs of decommissioning analyses. JF - PNNL (Pacific Northwest National Laboratory) AU - Meyer, P D AU - Gee, G W Y1 - 1999/12// PY - 1999 DA - December 1999 SP - 74 PB - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA KW - hydrology KW - radioactive isotopes KW - isotopes KW - sensitivity analysis KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - migration of elements KW - leaching KW - environmental analysis KW - uncertainty KW - ground water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52287840?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Meyer%2C+P+D%3BGee%2C+G+W&rft.aulast=Meyer&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1999-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Information+on+hydrologic+conceptual+models%2C+parameters%2C+uncertainty+analysis%2C+and+data+sources+for+dose+assessments+at+decommissioning+sites&rft.title=Information+on+hydrologic+conceptual+models%2C+parameters%2C+uncertainty+analysis%2C+and+data+sources+for+dose+assessments+at+decommissioning+sites&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.pnl.gov/publications/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from NTIS database, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, (703)685-6900, order number NUREG/CR-6656NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - WA N1 - SuppNotes - Technical report, June 1998-Nov. 1999 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04694 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - environmental analysis; ground water; hydrology; isotopes; leaching; migration of elements; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; sensitivity analysis; uncertainty ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potential climate change impacts on mountain watersheds in the Pacific Northwest AN - 17590796; 4666869 AB - Global climate change due to the buildup of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere has serious potential impacts on water resources in the Pacific Northwest. Climate scenarios produced by general circulation models (GCMs) do not provide enough spatial specificity for studying water resources in mountain watersheds. This study uses dynamical downscaling with a regional climate model (RCM) driven by a GCM to simulate climate change scenarios. The RCM uses a subgrid parameterization of orographic precipitation and land surface cover to simulate surface climate at the spatial scale suitable for the representation of topographic effects over mountainous regions. Numerical experiments have been performed to simulate the present-day climatology and the climate conditions corresponding to a doubling of atmospheric CO sub(2) concentration. The RCM results indicate an average warming of about 2.5 degree C, and precipitation generally increases over the Pacific Northwest and decreases over California. These simulations were used to drive a distributed hydrology model of two snow dominated watersheds, the American River and Middle Fork Flathead, in the Pacific Northwest to obtain more detailed estimates of the sensitivity of water resources to climate change. Results show that as more precipitation falls as rain rather than snow in the warmer climate, there is a 60 percent reduction in snowpack and a significant shift in the seasonal pattern of streamflow in the American River. Much less drastic changes are found in the Middle Fork Flathead where snowpack is only reduced by 18 percent and the seasonal pattern of streamflow remains intact. This study shows that the impacts of climate change on water resources are highly region specific. Furthermore, under the specific climate change scenario, the impacts are largely driven by the warming trend rather than the precipitation trend, which is small. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Leung, L R AU - Wigmosta AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, USA, ruby.leung@pnl.gov Y1 - 1999/12// PY - 1999 DA - Dec 1999 SP - 1463 EP - 1472 PB - American Water Resources Association VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - USA, California, American R. KW - USA, Montana, Middle Fork Flathead KW - USA, Pacific Northwest KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Snowpack KW - Climatic changes KW - Water resources KW - Watersheds KW - Sensitivity Analysis KW - Mountains KW - Numerical analysis KW - Hydrologic Models KW - Catchment areas KW - Regional planning KW - Hydrology KW - Climatic Changes KW - Climate KW - Simulation KW - Greenhouse effect KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Wet deposition KW - Snow cover KW - Global Warming KW - Numerical Analysis KW - Sensitivity analysis KW - Global warming KW - Modelling (Hydrological) KW - Water Resources KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - SW 0810:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17590796?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Potential+climate+change+impacts+on+mountain+watersheds+in+the+Pacific+Northwest&rft.au=Leung%2C+L+R%3BWigmosta&rft.aulast=Leung&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1999-12-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1463&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special issue on water resources and climate change. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Climatic Changes; Hydrologic Models; Simulation; Water Resources; Global Warming; Numerical Analysis; Watersheds; Mountains; Sensitivity Analysis; Snowpack; USA, Pacific Northwest; USA, California, American R.; USA, Montana, Middle Fork Flathead; Climate; Modelling (Hydrological); Modelling (-general-); Water resources; Greenhouse effect; Numerical analysis; Catchment areas; Sensitivity analysis; Snow cover; Climatic changes; Hydrology; Wet deposition; Regional planning; Global warming ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular phylogenetic analysis of archaeal intron-containing genes coding for rRNA obtained from a deep-subsurface geothermal water pool AN - 17431273; 4652867 AB - Molecular phylogenetic analysis of a naturally occurring microbial community in a deep-subsurface geothermal environment indicated that the phylogenetic diversity of the microbial population in the environment was extremely limited and that only hyperthermophilic archaeal members closely related to Pyrobaculum were present. All archaeal ribosomal DNA sequences contained intron-like sequences, some of which had open reading frames with repeated homing-endonuclease motifs. The sequence similarity analysis and the phylogenetic analysis of these homing endonucleases suggested the possible phylogenetic relationship among archaeal rRNA-encoded homing endonucleases. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Takai, K AU - Horikoshi, K AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Mail stop P7-50, Richland, WA 99352, USA, Ken.Takai@pnl.gov Y1 - 1999/12// PY - 1999 DA - Dec 1999 SP - 5586 EP - 5589 VL - 65 IS - 12 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Open reading frames KW - endonucleases KW - rRNA KW - ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Phylogeny KW - Pyrobaculum KW - Genotyping KW - Water KW - Phenotyping KW - Community composition KW - Introns KW - Geothermal areas KW - J 02710:Identification, taxonomy and typing KW - Q4 27170:Microorganisms (viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17431273?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Molecular+phylogenetic+analysis+of+archaeal+intron-containing+genes+coding+for+rRNA+obtained+from+a+deep-subsurface+geothermal+water+pool&rft.au=Takai%2C+K%3BHorikoshi%2C+K&rft.aulast=Takai&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1999-12-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=5586&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pyrobaculum; Phenotyping; Community composition; Geothermal areas; Water; Introns; Open reading frames; Genotyping; Phylogeny ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrogen Sulfide Gas Treatment of Cr(VI)-Contaminated Sediment Samples from a Plating-Waste Disposal Site - Implications for in-Situ Remediation AN - 17595330; 4669994 AB - Twenty sediment samples were collected at depths ranging from 5 to 100 feet beneath a chromate-contaminated plating-waste site and analyzed for Cr(VI), total chromium, and related constituents. Three of the samples were selected for treatment with dilute hydrogen sulfide (H sub(2)S) gas to evaluate this approach as a possible in-situ remediation technique. Gas treatment was performed in soil-packed columns using 100 ppm ( mu L L super(-1)) H sub(2)S mixtures, and treatment progress was assessed by monitoring the breakthrough of H sub(2)S. Evaluation of treatment efficacy included (1) water-leaching of the treated and untreated columns for 10 days, (2) repetitive extraction of treated and untreated subsamples by water, 0.01 M phosphate (pH 7) or 6 M HCl solutions, and (3) Cr K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy of treated and untreated subsamples. Results of the water-leaching studies showed that the H sub(2)S treatment decreased Cr(VI) levels in the column effluent by 90% to nearly 100%. Repetitive extractions by water and phosphate solutions echoed these results, and the extraction by HCl released only 35-40% as much Cr in the treated as in the untreated samples. Analysis by XANES spectroscopy showed that a substantial portion of the Cr in the samples remained as Cr(VI) after treatment, even though it was not available to the water and phosphate extracting solutions. These results indicate that the residual Cr(VI) was sequestered in unreacted grain interiors under impermeable coatings formed during H sub(2)S treatment. However, this fraction is immobile and thus unavailable to the environment. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Thornton, E C AU - Amonette, JE AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA, ec_thornton@pnl.gov Y1 - 1999/11/15/ PY - 1999 DA - 1999 Nov 15 SP - 4096 EP - 4101 VL - 33 IS - 22 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Spectroscopy KW - Hydrogen Sulfide KW - Industrial wastes KW - Waste disposal sites KW - Metal finishing industry wastes KW - Land reclamation KW - Leaching KW - Soil Contamination KW - Chromium KW - Hydrogen sulfide KW - Effluents KW - Gases KW - Phosphates KW - Remediation KW - Monitoring KW - Coatings KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17595330?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Hydrogen+Sulfide+Gas+Treatment+of+Cr%28VI%29-Contaminated+Sediment+Samples+from+a+Plating-Waste+Disposal+Site+-+Implications+for+in-Situ+Remediation&rft.au=Thornton%2C+E+C%3BAmonette%2C+JE&rft.aulast=Thornton&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1999-11-15&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=22&rft.spage=4096&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fes9812507 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hydrogen Sulfide; Chromium; Remediation; Soil Contamination; Leaching; Effluents; Spectroscopy; Monitoring; Phosphates; Coatings; Hydrogen sulfide; Waste disposal sites; Gases; Land reclamation; Industrial wastes; Metal finishing industry wastes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es9812507 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of ICP/MS in developing isotopic signatures of radioactive waste sources at the U.S. Department of Energy's Hanford Site, Washington AN - 52202793; 2001-061413 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Evans, John C AU - Farmer, Orville T AU - Dresel, P Evan AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1999/11// PY - 1999 DA - November 1999 SP - 1186 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 80 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - Washington KW - isotopes KW - pollutants KW - underground storage tanks KW - pollution KW - mass spectra KW - Hanford Site KW - Grant County Washington KW - remediation KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - ICP mass spectra KW - mitigation KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - Columbia Plateau KW - spectra KW - Benton County Washington KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52202793?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Use+of+ICP%2FMS+in+developing+isotopic+signatures+of+radioactive+waste+sources+at+the+U.S.+Department+of+Energy%27s+Hanford+Site%2C+Washington&rft.au=Evans%2C+John+C%3BFarmer%2C+Orville+T%3BDresel%2C+P+Evan%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1999-11-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=1186&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 1999 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Benton County Washington; Columbia Plateau; Grant County Washington; ground water; Hanford Site; ICP mass spectra; isotopes; mass spectra; mitigation; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; remediation; spectra; transport; underground storage tanks; United States; Washington; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The reaction of H (sub 2) O and CO (sub 2) with metal oxide surfaces; comparison of experiment and theory AN - 52191209; 2001-065412 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Brown, Gordon E AU - Kendelewicz, Tom AU - Liu, Ping AU - Doyle, Colin S AU - Carrier, Xavier AU - Rustad, James R AU - Chambers, Scott A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1999/11// PY - 1999 DA - November 1999 SP - 1156 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 80 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - water KW - theoretical studies KW - experimental studies KW - chemical reactions KW - metals KW - oxides KW - crystal structure KW - molecular dynamics KW - crystal chemistry KW - carbon dioxide KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52191209?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=The+reaction+of+H+%28sub+2%29+O+and+CO+%28sub+2%29+with+metal+oxide+surfaces%3B+comparison+of+experiment+and+theory&rft.au=Brown%2C+Gordon+E%3BKendelewicz%2C+Tom%3BLiu%2C+Ping%3BDoyle%2C+Colin+S%3BCarrier%2C+Xavier%3BRustad%2C+James+R%3BChambers%2C+Scott+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Gordon&rft.date=1999-11-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=1156&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 1999 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon dioxide; chemical reactions; crystal chemistry; crystal structure; experimental studies; metals; molecular dynamics; oxides; theoretical studies; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermochemistry of substituted pollucites along the CsAlSi (sub 2) O (sub 6) -CsTiSi (sub 2) O (sub 6.5) join AN - 52170989; 2002-001421 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Xu, Hongwu AU - Navrotsky, Alexandra AU - Balmer, Mari Lou AU - Su, Yali AU - Bitten, Eric AU - Nenoff, Tina M AU - Nyman, May D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1999/11// PY - 1999 DA - November 1999 SP - 1115 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 80 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - silicates KW - colloidal materials KW - alkali metals KW - substitution KW - solution KW - gels KW - order-disorder KW - cesium KW - titanium KW - pollucite KW - mixing KW - metals KW - zeolite group KW - framework silicates KW - valency KW - waste disposal KW - thermodynamic properties KW - crystal chemistry KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52170989?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Thermochemistry+of+substituted+pollucites+along+the+CsAlSi+%28sub+2%29+O+%28sub+6%29+-CsTiSi+%28sub+2%29+O+%28sub+6.5%29+join&rft.au=Xu%2C+Hongwu%3BNavrotsky%2C+Alexandra%3BBalmer%2C+Mari+Lou%3BSu%2C+Yali%3BBitten%2C+Eric%3BNenoff%2C+Tina+M%3BNyman%2C+May+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=Hongwu&rft.date=1999-11-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=1115&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union, 1999 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; cesium; colloidal materials; crystal chemistry; framework silicates; gels; metals; mixing; order-disorder; pollucite; silicates; solution; substitution; thermodynamic properties; titanium; valency; waste disposal; zeolite group ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The energetics of cation exchange in muscovite mica AN - 52165958; 2002-001388 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Rosso, Kevin M AU - Bylaska, Eric J AU - Rustad, James R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1999/11// PY - 1999 DA - November 1999 SP - 1108 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 80 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - silicates KW - density KW - muscovite KW - substitution KW - crystal structure KW - ions KW - attenuation KW - cesium KW - mica group KW - generalized gradient approximation KW - ion exchange KW - thermodynamic properties KW - geochemistry KW - mineral interlayer KW - gaseous phase KW - space groups KW - alkali metals KW - pollution KW - optimization KW - models KW - metals KW - potassium KW - sheet silicates KW - crystal chemistry KW - energy KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52165958?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=The+energetics+of+cation+exchange+in+muscovite+mica&rft.au=Rosso%2C+Kevin+M%3BBylaska%2C+Eric+J%3BRustad%2C+James+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Rosso&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft.date=1999-11-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=1108&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union, 1999 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; attenuation; cesium; crystal chemistry; crystal structure; density; energy; gaseous phase; generalized gradient approximation; geochemistry; ion exchange; ions; metals; mica group; mineral interlayer; models; muscovite; optimization; pollution; potassium; sheet silicates; silicates; space groups; substitution; thermodynamic properties ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A brief history of nuclear criticality accidents in Russia - 1953-1997 AN - 17406811; 4625672 AB - Fourteen nuclear criticality accidents that occurred in Russia between 1953 and 1997 are described. These accidents are significant because of the loss of control of special nuclear material and the resultant radiation doses to personnel, potential damage to equipment, and release of radioactive material to the workplace and the environment. A qualitative analysis of the causes and contributing factors to these accidents is presented along with a description of the radiation health effects to workers. The primary cause of most of these accidents was inadequate design that allowed the use of process equipment that did not preclude nuclear criticality on the basis of geometry. Personnel errors and violations of procedures were major contributing factors to these accidents. JF - Health Physics AU - Vargo, G J AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA, vargo@pnl.gov Y1 - 1999/11// PY - 1999 DA - Nov 1999 SP - 505 EP - 511 VL - 77 IS - 5 SN - 0017-9078, 0017-9078 KW - Russia KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Historical account KW - Public health KW - Accidents KW - Radiation KW - Occupational exposure KW - Environmental impact KW - Radioactive pollution KW - Nuclear power plants KW - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety KW - X 24210:Radiation & radioactive materials KW - P 8000:RADIATION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17406811?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+Physics&rft.atitle=A+brief+history+of+nuclear+criticality+accidents+in+Russia+-+1953-1997&rft.au=Vargo%2C+G+J&rft.aulast=Vargo&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1999-11-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=505&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+Physics&rft.issn=00179078&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Historical account; Nuclear power plants; Accidents; Occupational exposure; Environmental impact; Public health; Radiation; Radioactive pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Induction of aromatic catabolic activity in Sphingomonas aromaticivorans strain F199 AN - 954576233; 13777830 AB - Enzyme induction studies with Sphingomonas aromaticivorans F199 demonstrated that both toluene and naphthalene induced expression of both naphthalene and toluene catabolic enzymes. However, neither aromatic compound induced expression of all the enzymes required for complete mineralization of either naphthalene or toluene. Activity measurements in combination with gene sequence analyses indicate that growth on either aromatic substrate in the absence of the other is, therefore, sub-optimal and is predicted to lead to the build-up of metabolites due to imbalance in toluene or naphthalene catabolic enzyme activities. Growth on toluene may be further inhibited by the co-expression of two toluene catabolic pathways, as predicted from gene sequence analyses. One of these pathways may potentially result in the formation of a dead-end intermediate, possibly benzaldehyde. In contrast, either p-cresol or benzoate can support high levels of growth. Analyses of promoter region sequences on the F199 aromatic catabolic plasmid, pNL1, suggest that additional regulatory events are modulated through the interaction of BphR with Sigma54 type promoters and through the binding of a regulator upstream of p-cresol catabolic genes and xylM. We hypothesize that the unusual gene clustering in strain F199 is optimized for simultaneous degradation of multiple aromatic compound classes, possibly in response to the heterogeneous composition of aromatic structures in the fossil organic matter present in the deep Atlantic Coastal Plain sediments from which this bacterium was isolated. JF - Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology AU - Romine, M F AU - Fredrickson, J K AU - Li, S-M W AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA, US Y1 - 1999/10// PY - 1999 DA - Oct 1999 SP - 303 EP - 313 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 23 IS - 4-5 SN - 1367-5435, 1367-5435 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Benzoic acid KW - Toluene KW - Metabolites KW - Mineralization KW - Promoters KW - Growth KW - ANW, USA, Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - Aromatic compounds KW - Fossils KW - Benzaldehyde KW - Organic matter KW - Enzymes KW - Naphthalene KW - Strains KW - Plasmids KW - Sediments KW - p-Cresol KW - Microbiology KW - Sphingomonas aromaticivorans KW - Aromatics KW - Biotechnology KW - W 30950:Waste Treatment & Pollution Clean-up KW - A 01320:Microbial Degradation KW - Q1 08187:Palaeontology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/954576233?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Industrial+Microbiology+%26+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Induction+of+aromatic+catabolic+activity+in+Sphingomonas+aromaticivorans+strain+F199&rft.au=Romine%2C+M+F%3BFredrickson%2C+J+K%3BLi%2C+S-M+W&rft.aulast=Romine&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1999-10-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=4-5&rft.spage=303&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Industrial+Microbiology+%26+Biotechnology&rft.issn=13675435&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fsj.jim.2900750 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Promoters; Growth; Organic matter; Microbiology; Naphthalene; Plasmids; Strains; Biotechnology; Aromatics; Benzoic acid; Toluene; Enzymes; Metabolites; Mineralization; Sediments; p-Cresol; Aromatic compounds; Fossils; Benzaldehyde; Sphingomonas aromaticivorans; ANW, USA, Atlantic Coastal Plain DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.jim.2900750 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ecology, physiology, and phylogeny of deep subsurface Sphingomonas sp AN - 869568484; 13777821 AB - Several new species of the genus Sphingomonas including S. aromaticivorans, S. stygia, and S. subterranea that have the capacity for degrading a broad range of aromatic compounds including toluene, naphthalene, xylenes, p-cresol, fluorene, biphenyl, and dibenzothiophene, were isolated from deeply-buried (>200m) sediments of the US Atlantic coastal plain (ACP). In S. aromaticivorans F199, many of the genes involved in the catabolism of these aromatic compounds are encoded on a 184-kb conjugative plasmid; some of the genes involved in aromatic catabolism are plasmid-encoded in the other strains as well. Members of the genus Sphingomonas were common among aerobic heterotrophic bacteria cultured from ACP sediments and have been detected in deep subsurface environments elsewhere. The major source of organic carbon for heterotrophic metabolism in ACP deep aquifers is lignite that originated from plant material buried with the sediments. We speculate that the ability of the subsurface Sphingomonas strains to degrade a wide array of aromatic compounds represents an adaptation for utilization of sedimentary lignite. These and related subsurface Sphingomonas spp may play an important role in the transformation of sedimentary organic carbon in the aerobic and microaerobic regions of the deep aquifers of the ACP. JF - Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology AU - Fredrickson, J K AU - Balkwill, D L AU - Romine, M F AU - Shi, T AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA, US Y1 - 1999/10// PY - 1999 DA - October 1999 SP - 273 EP - 283 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 23 IS - 4-5 SN - 1367-5435, 1367-5435 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Transformation KW - Toluene KW - Organic carbon KW - Sphingomonas KW - ANW, USA, Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - Phylogeny KW - Sediment chemistry KW - fluorene KW - Organic Carbon KW - Naphthalene KW - Plasmids KW - Strains KW - Aromatic Compounds KW - Microbiology KW - Groundwater KW - Metabolism KW - Aromatics KW - Biotechnology KW - Aquifers KW - Coastal Plains KW - Plant morphology KW - Strain KW - Catabolism KW - Carbon KW - Aromatic compounds KW - Ground water KW - lignite KW - Adaptations KW - Thioxanthene KW - Lignite KW - Sediments KW - Biphenyl KW - p-Cresol KW - Heterotrophic bacteria KW - New species KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes KW - W 30950:Waste Treatment & Pollution Clean-up KW - Q1 08202:Geographical distribution KW - O 1010:Viruses, Bacteria, Protists, Fungi and Plants KW - A 01320:Microbial Degradation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/869568484?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Industrial+Microbiology+%26+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Ecology%2C+physiology%2C+and+phylogeny+of+deep+subsurface+Sphingomonas+sp&rft.au=Fredrickson%2C+J+K%3BBalkwill%2C+D+L%3BRomine%2C+M+F%3BShi%2C+T&rft.aulast=Fredrickson&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1999-10-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=4-5&rft.spage=273&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Industrial+Microbiology+%26+Biotechnology&rft.issn=13675435&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fsj.jim.2900741 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sediment chemistry; Plant morphology; Microbiology; Organic carbon; Ground water; Strains; Biotechnology; Aromatics; Catabolism; Phylogeny; Transformation; Aquifers; fluorene; Adaptations; Toluene; Thioxanthene; Naphthalene; Plasmids; Sediments; p-Cresol; Biphenyl; Aromatic compounds; Carbon; Heterotrophic bacteria; lignite; Metabolism; New species; Aromatic Compounds; Coastal Plains; Organic Carbon; Groundwater; Strain; Lignite; Sphingomonas; ANW, USA, Atlantic Coastal Plain DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.jim.2900741 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Synthesis of smectite clay minerals; a critical review AN - 52416610; 2000-002412 AB - Smectites are one of the most important groups of phyllosilicates found in soils and sediments, and certainly one of the most difficult to study. New information about the formation mechanisms, impact of structural features on surface properties, and long-term stability of smectites can best be gained from the systematic study of single-phase specimens. In most instances, these specimens can only be obtained through synthesis under controlled conditions. Syntheses of smectites have been attempted (1) at ambient pressure and low-temperature (1000 degrees C or pressures >10 kbars), and (4) in the presence of fluoride. Of these approaches, syntheses performed under moderate hydrothermal conditions are the most numerous and the most successful in terms of smectite yield and phase-purity. Using hydrothermal techniques, high phase-purity can be obtained for beidellites and several transition-metal smectites. However, synthesis of montmorillonite in high purity remains difficult. Starting materials for hydrothermal syntheses include gels, glasses, and other aluminosilicate minerals. The presence of Mg (super 2+) seems to be essential for the formation of smectites, even for phases such as montmorillonite which contain low amounts of Mg. Highly crystalline smectites can be obtained when extreme temperatures or pressures are used, but other crystalline impurities are always present. Although the correlation between synthesis stability fields and thermodynamic stability fields is good in many instances, metastable phases are often formed. Few studies, however, include the additional experiments (approach from under-and over-saturation, reversal experiments) needed to ascertain the conditions for formation of thermodynamically stable phases. Thorough characterization of synthetic products by modern instrumental and molecular-scale techniques is also needed to better understand the processes leading to smectite formation. JF - Clays and Clay Minerals AU - Kloprogge, J Theo AU - Komarneni, Sridhar AU - Amonette, James E Y1 - 1999/10// PY - 1999 DA - October 1999 SP - 529 EP - 554 PB - Clay Minerals Society, Clarkson, NY VL - 47 IS - 5 SN - 0009-8604, 0009-8604 KW - silicates KW - halides KW - critical review KW - experimental studies KW - fluorides KW - saponite KW - clay mineralogy KW - smectite KW - hectorite KW - beidellite KW - nontronite KW - hydrothermal conditions KW - clay minerals KW - sheet silicates KW - synthesis KW - sauconite KW - stevensite KW - review KW - montmorillonite KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52416610?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clays+and+Clay+Minerals&rft.atitle=Synthesis+of+smectite+clay+minerals%3B+a+critical+review&rft.au=Kloprogge%2C+J+Theo%3BKomarneni%2C+Sridhar%3BAmonette%2C+James+E&rft.aulast=Kloprogge&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1999-10-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=529&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clays+and+Clay+Minerals&rft.issn=00098604&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 168 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CLCMAB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - beidellite; clay mineralogy; clay minerals; critical review; experimental studies; fluorides; halides; hectorite; hydrothermal conditions; montmorillonite; nontronite; review; saponite; sauconite; sheet silicates; silicates; smectite; stevensite; synthesis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Natural attenuation of BTEX compounds; model development and field-scale application AN - 52370097; 2000-031624 JF - Ground Water AU - Lu, G AU - Clement, T P AU - Zheng, C AU - Wiedemeier, T H Y1 - 1999/10// PY - 1999 DA - October 1999 SP - 707 EP - 717 PB - National Water Well Association, Ground-Water Technology Division, Urbana, IL VL - 37 IS - 5 SN - 0017-467X, 0017-467X KW - United States KW - contaminant plumes KW - Davis County Utah KW - observation wells KW - light nonaqueous phase liquids KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - attenuation KW - transport KW - Wasatch Range KW - discharge KW - North America KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - U. S. Rocky Mountains KW - BTEX KW - aquifers KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - models KW - organic compounds KW - Hill Air Force Base KW - hydrocarbons KW - Utah KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - Rocky Mountains KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52370097?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water&rft.atitle=Natural+attenuation+of+BTEX+compounds%3B+model+development+and+field-scale+application&rft.au=Lu%2C+G%3BClement%2C+T+P%3BZheng%2C+C%3BWiedemeier%2C+T+H&rft.aulast=Lu&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1999-10-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=707&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water&rft.issn=0017467X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6584 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - PubXState - IL N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - GRWAAP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; attenuation; BTEX; contaminant plumes; Davis County Utah; discharge; ground water; Hill Air Force Base; hydraulic conductivity; hydrocarbons; light nonaqueous phase liquids; models; nonaqueous phase liquids; North America; observation wells; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; remediation; Rocky Mountains; transport; U. S. Rocky Mountains; United States; Utah; Wasatch Range ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering AN - 52049661; 2003-000653 JF - Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering AU - Gee, Glendon W AU - Ward, Andy L AU - Meyer, Philip D AU - Stormont, John C AU - Morris, Carl E Y1 - 1999/10// PY - 1999 DA - October 1999 SP - 918 EP - 920 PB - American Society of Civil Engineers, New York, NY VL - 125 IS - 10 SN - 1090-0241, 1090-0241 KW - water storage KW - hysteresis KW - landfills KW - retention KW - waste disposal KW - disposal barriers KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52049661?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geotechnical+and+Geoenvironmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=Journal+of+Geotechnical+and+Geoenvironmental+Engineering&rft.au=Gee%2C+Glendon+W%3BWard%2C+Andy+L%3BMeyer%2C+Philip+D%3BStormont%2C+John+C%3BMorris%2C+Carl+E&rft.aulast=Gee&rft.aufirst=Glendon&rft.date=1999-10-01&rft.volume=125&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=918&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geotechnical+and+Geoenvironmental+Engineering&rft.issn=10900241&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://scitation.aip.org/gto LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - SuppNotes - For reference to original see Stormont, John C. and Morris, Carl E., J. Geotech. and Geoenviron. Eng., Am. Soc. Civ. Eng., Vol. 124, No. 4, p. 297-300, April 1998 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - disposal barriers; hysteresis; landfills; retention; waste disposal; water storage ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Particulate Air Pollution in Mexico City: A Collaborative Research Project AN - 17446765; 4660094 AB - PM sub(10), PM sub(2.5), precursor gas, and upper-air meteorological measurements were taken in Mexico City, Mexico, from February 23 to March 22, 1997, to understand concentrations and chemical compositions of the city's particulate matter (PM). Average 24-hr PM sub(10) concentrations over the period of study at the core sites in the city were 75 mu g/m super(3). The 24-hr standard of 150 mu g/m super(3) was exceeded for seven samples taken during the study period; the maximum 24-hr concentration measured was 542 mu g/m super(3). Nearly half of the PM sub(10) was composed of fugitive dust from roadways, construction, and bare land. About 50% of the PM sub(10) consisted of PM sub(2.5), with higher percentages during the morning hours. Organic and black carbon constituted up to half of the PM sub(2.5). PM concentrations were highest during the early morning and after sunset, when the mixed layers were shallow. Meteorological measurements taken during the field campaign show that on most days air was transported out of the Mexico City basin during the afternoon with little day-to-day carryover. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association AU - Edgerton, SA AU - Bian, X AU - Doran, J C AU - Fast, J D AU - Hubbe, J M AU - Malone, EL AU - Shaw, W J AU - Whiteman, C D AU - Zhong, S AU - Arriaga, J L AU - Ortiz, E AU - Ruiz, M AU - Sosa, G AU - Vega, E AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA Y1 - 1999/10// PY - 1999 DA - Oct 1999 SP - 1221 EP - 1229 VL - 49 IS - 10 SN - 1047-3289, 1047-3289 KW - Mexico, Mexico City KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Chemical composition KW - Particulates KW - Air pollution KW - Meteorology KW - Urban areas KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17446765?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=Particulate+Air+Pollution+in+Mexico+City%3A+A+Collaborative+Research+Project&rft.au=Edgerton%2C+SA%3BBian%2C+X%3BDoran%2C+J+C%3BFast%2C+J+D%3BHubbe%2C+J+M%3BMalone%2C+EL%3BShaw%2C+W+J%3BWhiteman%2C+C+D%3BZhong%2C+S%3BArriaga%2C+J+L%3BOrtiz%2C+E%3BRuiz%2C+M%3BSosa%2C+G%3BVega%2C+E&rft.aulast=Edgerton&rft.aufirst=SA&rft.date=1999-10-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1221&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=10473289&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Air pollution; Meteorology; Particulates; Urban areas; Pollution monitoring; Chemical composition ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Global distribution of Pu isotopes and super(237)Np AN - 17596096; 4701223 AB - Inventories and compositions of Pu isotopes and super(237)Np in archived soil samples collected in the 1970s from 54 locations around the world were determined to provide regional baselines for recognizing possible future environmental inputs of non-fallout Pu and Np. As sample sizes used in this work were small (typically 1 g), inhomogeneities in Pu and Np concentrations were easily recognizable and, as a result, we were able to determine that atypical debris in South America, from French testing in the South Pacific, is more widely and uniformly distributed than previously supposed. From our results we conclude that fallout super(237)Np/ super(239)Pu atom ratios are generally lower in the Southern Hemisphere ( similar to 0.35) than in the Northern Hemisphere ( similar to 0.47.) Moreover, super(237)Np/ super(239)Pu atom ratios are more device-dependent, hence more variable, than counterpart super(240)Pu/ super(239)Pu atom ratios. Given predictable trends caused by sample inhomogeneities, with only two exceptions, the Pu results of this work are entirely consistent with (and in several instances improve on) results previously reported for these same samples. However, unlike earlier interpretations used to explain these results, we recommend that fallout isotopic signatures be represented by mixing lines, rather than averages, to better reflect regional variations of stratospheric fallout inventories relative to tropospheric fallout inventories, and provide the theoretical basis for doing so. Finally, the Np results of this work constitute one of the largest single compilations of such data reported to date. JF - Science of the Total Environment AU - Kelley, J M AU - Bond, LA AU - Beasley, T M AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Battelle Blvd., MS P7-07, Richland, WA 99352, USA A2 - Povinee, PP (ed) Y1 - 1999/09/30/ PY - 1999 DA - 1999 Sep 30 SP - 483 EP - 500 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 237-238 IS - 1-3 SN - 0048-9697, 0048-9697 KW - Neptunium KW - nuclear testing KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts KW - Marine KW - Radioactive Wastes KW - Plutonium KW - Soil Contamination KW - Brackish KW - Soil contamination KW - Freshwater KW - Pollution surveys KW - Fallout KW - Baseline studies KW - Radioactive fallout KW - Pollutant persistence KW - Radioisotopes KW - Plutonium isotopes KW - Radioactive contamination KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - P 8000:RADIATION KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - O 4060:Pollution - Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17596096?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.atitle=Global+distribution+of+Pu+isotopes+and+super%28237%29Np&rft.au=Kelley%2C+J+M%3BBond%2C+LA%3BBeasley%2C+T+M&rft.aulast=Kelley&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1999-09-30&rft.volume=237-238&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=483&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.issn=00489697&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fallout; Baseline studies; Pollutant persistence; Radioactive contamination; Plutonium isotopes; Pollution surveys; Plutonium; Radioactive fallout; Radioisotopes; Soil contamination; Neptunium; Radioactive Wastes; Soil Contamination; Marine; Brackish; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway contributes to mitogenic and antiapoptotic effects of peroxisome proliferators in vitro. AN - 70776652; 10495776 AB - Peroxisome proliferators are a class of nongenotoxic rodent hepatocarcinogens thought to induce tumors by altering the balance between mitosis and apoptosis. Previous studies suggest mitogenic growth factors that act through the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway, including insulin and epidermal growth factor (EGF), modulate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha activation as well as the mitogenic activity of peroxisome proliferators. We have investigated whether the ERK pathway plays a role in regulating the growth and survival altering properties of peroxisome proliferators in primary mouse hepatocytes. Exposure of hepatocytes to Wy-14,643 and trichloroacetate resulted in a dose-dependent phosphorylation and activation of ERK. Peroxisome proliferator-induced ERK phosphorylation was blocked when cells were pretreated with the MEK (ERK kinase) inhibitor, PD098059, or the phosphatidyl-inositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitors, LY294002 and apigenin, suggesting that both MEK and PI3K are involved in the initial response. The pathway leading to peroxisome proliferator-induced ERK activation is different than that induced by phorbol ester or EGF, since the PI3K inhibitors had no effect on ERK phosphorylation induced by these agents. Under defined culture conditions, Wy-14,643 increased the level of BrdU incorporation in primary hepatocytes and suppressed the incidence of apoptosis induced by transforming growth factor beta 1. In contrast, concentrations of PD098059 that block Wy-14,643-induced ERK phosphorylation also blocked the stimulation of DNA replicative synthesis and suppression of apoptosis by Wy-14,643. These studies indicate that activation of the ERK pathway through a PI3K-dependent mechanism may play a significant role in the tumor-promoting properties of peroxisome proliferators. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Mounho, B J AU - Thrall, B D AD - Molecular Biosciences Department, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA. Y1 - 1999/09/01/ PY - 1999 DA - 1999 Sep 01 SP - 125 EP - 133 VL - 159 IS - 2 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - 2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one KW - 0 KW - Chromones KW - Enzyme Inhibitors KW - Flavonoids KW - Mitogens KW - Morpholines KW - Oils, Volatile KW - Peroxisome Proliferators KW - Pyrimidines KW - 2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one KW - 31M2U1DVID KW - pirinixic acid KW - 86C4MRT55A KW - Phosphotransferases KW - EC 2.7.- KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Drug Interactions KW - Oils, Volatile -- pharmacology KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Plants, Medicinal KW - Morpholines -- pharmacology KW - Mice KW - Liver -- physiology KW - Phosphorylation -- drug effects KW - Chromones -- pharmacology KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Chamomile KW - Pyrimidines -- toxicity KW - Enzyme Inhibitors -- pharmacology KW - Flavonoids -- pharmacology KW - Immunohistochemistry KW - Male KW - Phosphotransferases -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Signal Transduction -- physiology KW - Peroxisome Proliferators -- toxicity KW - Apoptosis -- drug effects KW - Mitogens -- toxicity KW - Phosphotransferases -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70776652?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=The+extracellular+signal-regulated+kinase+pathway+contributes+to+mitogenic+and+antiapoptotic+effects+of+peroxisome+proliferators+in+vitro.&rft.au=Mounho%2C+B+J%3BThrall%2C+B+D&rft.aulast=Mounho&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1999-09-01&rft.volume=159&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=125&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1999-10-14 N1 - Date created - 1999-10-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tetrahedral boron in naturally occurring tourmaline AN - 52435752; 1999-066395 AB - Evidence for boron in both trigonal and tetrahedral coordination has been found in (super 11) B magic-angle-spinning (MAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of natural, inclusion-free specimens of aluminum-rich lithian tourmaline from granitic pegmatites. JF - American Mineralogist AU - Tagg, S L AU - Cho, Herman AU - Dyar, M Darby AU - Grew, Edward S Y1 - 1999/09// PY - 1999 DA - September 1999 SP - 1451 EP - 1455 PB - Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 9 SN - 0003-004X, 0003-004X KW - silicates KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - coordination KW - ring silicates KW - boron KW - B-11 KW - spectra KW - crystal chemistry KW - NMR spectra KW - tourmaline group KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52435752?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=Tetrahedral+boron+in+naturally+occurring+tourmaline&rft.au=Tagg%2C+S+L%3BCho%2C+Herman%3BDyar%2C+M+Darby%3BGrew%2C+Edward+S&rft.aulast=Tagg&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1999-09-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1451&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Mineralogist&rft.issn=0003004X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ammin.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AMMIAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - B-11; boron; coordination; crystal chemistry; NMR spectra; ring silicates; silicates; spectra; tourmaline group; X-ray diffraction data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cellular Growth in Biofilms AN - 17414266; 4635948 AB - In this paper we develop a macroscopic evolutionary equation for the growth of the cellular phase starting from a microscopic description of mass transport and a simple structured model for product formation. The methods of continuum mechanics and volume averaging are used to develop the macroscopic representation by carefully considering the fluxes of chemical species that pertain to cell growth. The concept of structured models is extended to include the transport of reacting chemical species at the microscopic scale. The resulting macroscopic growth model is similar in form to previously published models for the transport of a single substrate and electron donor and for the production of cellular mass and exopolymer. The method of volume averaging indicates under what conditions the developed growth model is valid and provides an explicit connection between the relevant microscopic model parameters and their corresponding macroscopic counterparts. JF - Biotechnology and Bioengineering AU - Wood, B D AU - Whitaker, S AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352 Y1 - 1999/09// PY - 1999 DA - Sep 1999 SP - 656 EP - 670 VL - 64 IS - 6 SN - 0006-3592, 0006-3592 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts KW - Reviews KW - Biofilms KW - W2 32530:Biofilms KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17414266?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+and+Bioengineering&rft.atitle=Cellular+Growth+in+Biofilms&rft.au=Wood%2C+B+D%3BWhitaker%2C+S&rft.aulast=Wood&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1999-09-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=656&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+and+Bioengineering&rft.issn=00063592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biofilms; Reviews ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Representative sampling of high-level radioactive waste tank headspaces AN - 17397650; 4626082 AB - Headspaces of the underground high-level radioactive waste-storage tanks at the U.S. Department of Energy's Hanford Site have been sampled to resolve tank safety and industrial hygiene issues and to estimate regulated air pollutant emissions. Because sampling these tanks is difficult and expensive, samples have been collected from a single location of the headspaces, based on the supposition that this would provide representative samples. In most tanks, mixing of vapors occurs because of thermally driven convection from heat generated by radioactive decay of the waste. However, in some low-temperature tanks, the ground temperature above the tank may be warmer than the waste, minimizing thermally induced convection, and raising the concern that samples from a single location may not be representative. To resolve this issue, six samples at different vertical and horizontal locations were taken from each of three low-temperature tanks and analyzed for ammonia, water, permanent gases, total non-methane organic compound concentration, and selected organic vapors. Statistical analysis of the data indicated that the tanks did not exhibit significant horizontal or vertical concentration gradients. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association AU - Huckaby, J L AU - Evans, J C AU - Sklarew, D S AU - Jensen, L AU - Wilmarth AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA Y1 - 1999/09// PY - 1999 DA - Sep 1999 SP - 1075 EP - 1081 VL - 49 IS - 9 SN - 1047-3289, 1047-3289 KW - USA, Washington, Hanford Site KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Vapors KW - Emission measurements KW - Air sampling KW - Ammonia KW - Radioactive wastes KW - Underground storage tanks KW - Gases KW - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - P 8000:RADIATION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17397650?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=Representative+sampling+of+high-level+radioactive+waste+tank+headspaces&rft.au=Huckaby%2C+J+L%3BEvans%2C+J+C%3BSklarew%2C+D+S%3BJensen%2C+L%3BWilmarth&rft.aulast=Huckaby&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1999-09-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1075&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=10473289&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Radioactive wastes; Underground storage tanks; Air sampling; Emission measurements; Ammonia; Gases; Vapors ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nonlinear reactions and nonuniform flows AN - 17865101; 5110747 AB - Analytic solutions are developed for the advection-reaction problem with nonuniform flows and nonlinear reactions. We consider a stratified flow field and a flow field due to the operation of an injection-extraction pair of wells in a homogeneous medium. In each case we derive the transfer function for transport between a pair of surfaces in the flow field. We consider linear/nonlinear aqueous kinetics and the nonlinear equilibrium adsorption of a Langmuir radionuclide with decay. Using a stream tube concept in conjunction with these transfer functions, we develop analytic solutions to the flux-averaged concentration response of these reactive solutes. Resident concentrations are obtained by solving a simpler batch reaction system in place of coupled partial differential equations. We use these solutions to evaluate two numerical approaches. One of them is based on an operator-split approach that employs a conventional finite difference scheme with total variation diminishing fluxes for the advection operator. The other is based on the use of advected particles to compute a numerical approximation of the transfer function. We consider a boundary-value problem and establish that the particle-tracking approach yields near-analytic solutions for both the flux-averaged and resident concentrations. We consider an initial-value problem and evaluate the "dilution index" associated with the advective flow field and the numerical scheme. A flow field that highly distorts a plume and increases its surface area exhibits a larger dilution index, and most numerical schemes for transport in such a flow field suffer larger numerical dispersion. For linear reactions the predicted amount of plume degradation is unaffected by plume deformation, while the errors in predictions for nonlinear reactions increase as the plume deformation increases. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Chilakapati, A AU - Yabusaki, S AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA Y1 - 1999/08// PY - 1999 DA - August 1999 SP - 2427 EP - 2438 VL - 35 IS - 8 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Flow KW - Nonuniform Flow KW - Interfaces KW - Groundwater flow KW - Mass Transfer KW - Advection KW - Solutes KW - Mathematical Studies KW - Flow Characteristics KW - Solute Transport KW - Chemical Reactions KW - Mass transfer KW - Groundwater Movement KW - Plumes KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0840:Groundwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17865101?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Nonlinear+reactions+and+nonuniform+flows&rft.au=Chilakapati%2C+A%3BYabusaki%2C+S&rft.aulast=Chilakapati&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1999-08-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=2427&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Flow; Solutes; Interfaces; Groundwater flow; Mass transfer; Plumes; Advection; Mathematical Studies; Flow Characteristics; Nonuniform Flow; Solute Transport; Chemical Reactions; Mass Transfer; Groundwater Movement ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry study of the interaction of cisplatin-adducted oligonucleotides with human XPA minimal binding domain protein. AN - 69891242; 10405289 AB - Nucleotide excision repair (NER) is the process responsible for eliminating most ultraviolet (UV) radiation damage from DNA, as well as base alterations caused by a variety of mutagens. The xeroderma pigmentosum group A complementing protein (XPA) is believed to be involved in the early step of NER by recognizing and binding damaged DNA. Recent work has suggested that electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) can be an effective tool for the study of protein-DNA complexes. We have used ESI-Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR) mass spectrometry to examine the cisplatin-adducted oligonucleotide and its interaction with the human XPA minimal binding domain (XPA-MBD). High-resolution FTICR experiments of the binding products showed that both double-stranded damaged 20-mer and double-stranded undamaged 20-mer formed 1:1 noncovalent complexes with XPA-MBD. A 2:1 binding stoichiometry complex was also observed between XPA-MBD and double-stranded damaged 20-mer. Competitive binding experiments indicated only slightly preferential binding of XPA-MBD with the double-stranded damaged 20-mer compared to the undamaged 20-mer. The results demonstrate that ESI-FTICR mass spectrometry provides a fast and efficient approach for characterizing weak protein-DNA interactions such as the binding between XPA-MBD and a 20-mer oligonucleotide system. JF - Analytical biochemistry AU - Xu, N AU - Pasa-Tolić, L AU - Smith, R D AU - Ni, S AU - Thrall, B D AD - Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA. Y1 - 1999/07/15/ PY - 1999 DA - 1999 Jul 15 SP - 26 EP - 33 VL - 272 IS - 1 SN - 0003-2697, 0003-2697 KW - Cross-Linking Reagents KW - 0 KW - DNA Adducts KW - DNA-Binding Proteins KW - Oligodeoxyribonucleotides KW - Peptide Fragments KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - XPA protein, human KW - Xeroderma Pigmentosum Group A Protein KW - Cisplatin KW - Q20Q21Q62J KW - Index Medicus KW - Peptide Fragments -- metabolism KW - DNA Repair KW - DNA Damage KW - Humans KW - Cross-Linking Reagents -- metabolism KW - Protein Binding KW - Base Sequence KW - Cross-Linking Reagents -- chemistry KW - Peptide Fragments -- chemistry KW - Recombinant Proteins -- metabolism KW - Oligodeoxyribonucleotides -- chemistry KW - Binding, Competitive KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Recombinant Proteins -- chemistry KW - Oligodeoxyribonucleotides -- metabolism KW - Cisplatin -- chemistry KW - DNA-Binding Proteins -- chemistry KW - DNA Adducts -- chemistry KW - Mass Spectrometry -- methods KW - Cisplatin -- metabolism KW - DNA Adducts -- metabolism KW - DNA-Binding Proteins -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/69891242?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+biochemistry&rft.atitle=Electrospray+ionization-mass+spectrometry+study+of+the+interaction+of+cisplatin-adducted+oligonucleotides+with+human+XPA+minimal+binding+domain+protein.&rft.au=Xu%2C+N%3BPasa-Toli%C4%87%2C+L%3BSmith%2C+R+D%3BNi%2C+S%3BThrall%2C+B+D&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1999-07-15&rft.volume=272&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=26&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+biochemistry&rft.issn=00032697&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1999-09-10 N1 - Date created - 1999-09-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Observation of negative electron-binding energy in a molecule AN - 1753493933; 13741271 AB - In neutral atoms and molecules, electrons are kept within their orbitals by attractive electrostatic interactions with positively charged nuclei, with relatively few neutral molecules being able to bind more than one extra electron. For multiply charged molecular anions, dynamic stability plays an important role: the superposition of long-range Coulomb repulsion and short-range electron binding gives rise to a repulsive Coulomb barrier (RCB) that traps the excess electrons. The RCB has profound effects on the physical and chemical properties of multiply charged anions in the gas phase. For example, it has recently been shown to prevent the detachment of electrons from a doubly charged anion, even when the excitation energies exceed the electron binding energy,. Here we report photodetachment experiments which demonstrate that the RCB can even trap electrons in molecular orbitals characterized by a negative binding energy. We show that the addition of sulphonate groups (-SO sub(3) super(-)) to cyclic copper phthalocyanine (CuPc; ref. 8) systematically increases the energy of the corresponding molecular orbitals, culminating in the highest occupied molecular orbital of the tetra-anion, [CuPc(SO sub(3)) sub(4)] super(4-), being unstable by 0.9eV. The increase in molecular orbital energy and the negative electron binding energy we observe are due to charge localization in the sulphonate groups and the resultant RCB. The unusually large height of the repulsive barrier also ensures that the anion remains metastable, and continues to store 0.9eV excess electrostatic energy, throughout the 400 seconds we are able to observe it. JF - Nature AU - Wang, Xue-Bin AU - Wang, Lai-Sheng AD - Department of Physics, Washington State University, Richland, Washington 99352, USA and W. R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS K8-88, PO Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, USA Y1 - 1999/07/15/ PY - 1999 DA - 1999 Jul 15 SP - 245 EP - 248 PB - Nature Publishing Group, The Macmillan Building London N1 9XW United Kingdom VL - 400 IS - 6741 SN - 0028-0836, 0028-0836 KW - Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts (SO); Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); METADEX (MD); Advanced Polymers Abstracts (EP); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Composites Industry Abstracts (ED); Engineered Materials Abstracts, Ceramics (EC); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); Computer and Information Systems Abstracts (CI); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE); Copper Technical Reference Library (CD); ANTE: Abstracts in New Technologies and Engineering (AN) KW - BINDING ENERGY KW - CHEMICAL PROPERTIES KW - Anions KW - Barriers KW - CU KW - CHARGING KW - COPPER PHTHALOCYANINE KW - Charging KW - Binding energy KW - Electrostatics KW - Orbitals KW - Molecular orbitals KW - Coulomb friction KW - Yes:(AN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1753493933?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=Observation+of+negative+electron-binding+energy+in+a+molecule&rft.au=Wang%2C+Xue-Bin%3BWang%2C+Lai-Sheng&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Xue-Bin&rft.date=1999-07-15&rft.volume=400&rft.issue=6741&rft.spage=245&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature&rft.issn=00280836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2F22286 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/22286 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - BrCl production in NaBr/NaCl/HNO sub(3)/O sub(3) solutions representative of sea-salt aerosols in the marine boundary layer AN - 17382437; 4595773 AB - The oxidation of bromide and chloride in sea-salt aerosol is thought to be a source of gas-phase halogen-containing compounds in the marine boundary layer (MBL) and near coastal regions. These halogen compounds readily photolyze to yield atomic bromine and chlorine and have been implicated in episodes of Arctic ozone loss, and hydrocarbon oxidation, respectively. Several field measurements have demonstrated the existence of oxidized forms of halogens in the MBL. Atomic bromine and chlorine liberated from sea-salt aerosol is thought to play an important role in chemistry of the marine boundary layer. Despite numerous modeling studies, no prior experimental investigations of the oxidation of halide species contained in simulated, or actual, sea-salt solutions have been performed. We present laboratory data that examines chemistry in NaBr/NaCl/HNO sub(3)/O sub(3) solutions at 290 K. Ozonation experiments were performed by flowing ozone in air through a nitric acid/salt solution and monitoring pH with time using an ion-sensitive electrode. The rate of oxidation was observed to be first order in ozone concentration and to have a non-first order bromide concentration dependence. Ion chromatography was used to measure both bromide disappearance as well as oxidation products formed during the course of the reactions studied. Our measurements of the oxidation rate versus ion concentration indicate that the high ionic strength present in sea-salt aerosol will possess unique kinetics different from dilute solution behavior. In addition, our results are consistent with the reaction sequence O sub(3) + H super(+) + Br super(-) arrow right O sub(2) + HOBr and HOBr + Cl super(-) + H super(+) arrow right BrCl + H sub(2)O. These observations support the HOBr mediated Cl super(-) oxidation process proposed previously. JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Disselkamp, R S AU - Chapman, E G AU - Barchet, W R AU - Colson, S D AU - Howd, C D AD - Atmospheric Sciences & Global Change Resources, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA Y1 - 1999/07/15/ PY - 1999 DA - 1999 Jul 15 SP - 2183 EP - 2186 VL - 26 IS - 14 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - bromides KW - Pollution Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Marine KW - Photolysis KW - Aerosols KW - Halogen compounds KW - Chlorides KW - Chemical oceanography KW - Chemical kinetics KW - Salts KW - Marine environment KW - Bromides KW - Boundary layers KW - Atmospheric chemistry KW - Oxidation KW - Ocean-atmosphere system KW - Halogenated compounds KW - Atmospheric boundary layer KW - Ozonation KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - Q2 09183:Physics and chemistry KW - O 2050:Chemical Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17382437?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=BrCl+production+in+NaBr%2FNaCl%2FHNO+sub%283%29%2FO+sub%283%29+solutions+representative+of+sea-salt+aerosols+in+the+marine+boundary+layer&rft.au=Disselkamp%2C+R+S%3BChapman%2C+E+G%3BBarchet%2C+W+R%3BColson%2C+S+D%3BHowd%2C+C+D&rft.aulast=Disselkamp&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1999-07-15&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=2183&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Photolysis; Salts; Aerosols; Halogen compounds; Bromides; Oxidation; Chlorides; Ocean-atmosphere system; Chemical oceanography; Atmospheric boundary layer; Chemical kinetics; Marine environment; Boundary layers; Atmospheric chemistry; Halogenated compounds; Ozonation; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparative Toxicokinetics of Chlorinated and Brominated Haloacetates in F344 Rats AN - 17308879; 4561171 AB - Chloro, bromo, and mixed bromochloro haloacetates (HAs) are by-products of drinking water disinfection and are hepatocarcinogenic in rodents. We compared the toxicokinetics of a series of di-HAs, dichloro (DCA), bromochloro (BCA), dibromo (DBA) and tri-HAs: trichloro (TCA), bromodichloro (BDCA), chlorodibromo (CDBA), and tribromo (TBA) after iv and oral dosing (500 mu m/kg) in male F344 rats. The blood concentrations of the HAs after iv injection declined in a bi-exponential manner with a short but pronounced distributive phase. The structural features that had the greatest influence on the disposition of HAs were substitution of a halogen for a hydrogen and the degree of bromine substitution. All di-HAs had blood elimination half-lives of less than 4 h (DCA > DBA, BCA) compared to the tri-HAs, which had half-lives that varied from 0.6 to 8.0 h (TCA > BDCA > CDBA > TBA). The urinary excretion of all di-HAs was low and accounted for less than 3% of the dose in contrast to the tri-HAs, where urinary excretion accounted for at least 30% of the dose. Toxicokinetic analysis indicated the steady-state apparent volume of distribution varied between 301 and 881 ml/kg among the HAs, but the variation was not statistically significant (P > 0.17). The blood concentration-time profiles for all di-HAs after oral dosing was complex and exhibited multiple peaks. This did not appear to be due to enterohepatic recirculation, as bile duct cannulated animals also displayed similar profiles. In contrast, the profiles for the tri-HAs did not exhibit multiple peaking after oral dosing and could be described using a one-compartment pharmacokinetic model. The oral bioavailability of the HAs varied between 30% (DBA) and 116% (TCA), depending on the number of halogen substituents and the degree of bromine substitution. In general, three patterns of elimination for the HAs can be broadly described: low metabolism with moderate renal clearance (TCA), high metabolism and renal clearance (BDCA, CDBA, TBA), and high metabolism, low renal clearance (DCA, BCA, DBA). JF - Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology AU - Schultz, IR AU - Merdink, J L AU - Gonzalez-Leon, A AU - Bull, R J AD - Battelle Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, 99352, Washington Y1 - 1999/07/15/ PY - 1999 DA - 1999 Jul 15 SP - 103 EP - 114 PB - Academic Press VL - 158 IS - 2 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - bromochloroacetate KW - dichloroacetic acid KW - haloacetates KW - rats KW - toxicokinetics KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Disinfection KW - Drinking water KW - X 24120:Food, additives & contaminants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17308879?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=Comparative+Toxicokinetics+of+Chlorinated+and+Brominated+Haloacetates+in+F344+Rats&rft.au=Schultz%2C+IR%3BMerdink%2C+J+L%3BGonzalez-Leon%2C+A%3BBull%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Schultz&rft.aufirst=IR&rft.date=1999-07-15&rft.volume=158&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=103&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1006%2Ftaap.1999.8698 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Disinfection; Drinking water DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/taap.1999.8698 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Flux-based estimation of field capacity AN - 52347724; 2000-043564 AB - Field capacity has been defined as the water content at which the drainage flux from a soil ceases, or becomes negligible. Field capacity is most commonly estimated as the water content at a pressure head of 1/3 bar, which ignores its flux-based nature. A number of authors have proposed estimating field capacity as the water content at a given (negligible) flux, assuming unit gradient conditions. This flux-based method of estimating field capacity is discussed and the differences between this method and the more common pressure-based method are illustrated. The drainage flux considered to be negligible will depend on the particular application; values between 10 (super -6) and 10 (super -8) cm/s were considered here. The observed differences in field capacity resulting from the negligible flux range considered produce significant differences in the available water capacity. These differences directly impact the calculated drainage. The effect of available water capacity on the water budget for waste disposal facility covers at an arid and humid site was illustrated using the HELP code. At the arid site, drainage decreased by a factor of 4 (from 25 to 6 mm/year) as the available water capacity increased from 0.101 to 0.199. At the humid site, drainage decreased from 190 to 173 mm/year over the same range of available water capacity. Finally, a simple procedure for the determination of an appropriate value for the negligible flux is discussed. Analysis of data from a lysimeter at Coshocton, Ohio, indicated that field capacity for the lysimeter soils was associated with a negligible drainage flux of about 3X10 (super -7) cm/s. JF - Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering AU - Meyer, Philip D AU - Gee, Glendon W Y1 - 1999/07// PY - 1999 DA - July 1999 SP - 595 EP - 599 PB - American Society of Civil Engineers, New York, NY VL - 125 IS - 7 SN - 1090-0241, 1090-0241 KW - Darcy's law KW - drainage KW - water content KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - water balance KW - simulation KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52347724?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geotechnical+and+Geoenvironmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=Flux-based+estimation+of+field+capacity&rft.au=Meyer%2C+Philip+D%3BGee%2C+Glendon+W&rft.aulast=Meyer&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft.date=1999-07-01&rft.volume=125&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=595&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geotechnical+and+Geoenvironmental+Engineering&rft.issn=10900241&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://scitation.aip.org/gto LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Darcy's law; drainage; hydraulic conductivity; simulation; water balance; water content ER - TY - JOUR T1 - MNAtoolbox; a monitored natural attenuation site screening program AN - 51098309; 2008-004802 JF - SAND (Sandia Laboratories) AU - Brady, Patrick V AU - Spalding, Brian P AU - Krupka, Kenneth M AU - Brady, Warren D AU - Waters, Robert D AU - Zhang, Pengchu AU - Borns, David J Y1 - 1999/07// PY - 1999 DA - July 1999 SP - 35 PB - Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM SN - 0270-6520, 0270-6520 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - sorption KW - dispersivity KW - degradation KW - isotopes KW - data processing KW - simulation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - radioactive isotopes KW - natural attenuation KW - chemical properties KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - heavy metals KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - biodegradation KW - toxic materials KW - in situ KW - MNAtoolbox KW - pollution KW - migration of elements KW - solubility KW - petroleum products KW - measurement KW - computer programs KW - organic compounds KW - dissolved materials KW - hydrocarbons KW - theoretical models KW - transformations KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51098309?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Brady%2C+Patrick+V%3BSpalding%2C+Brian+P%3BKrupka%2C+Kenneth+M%3BBrady%2C+Warren+D%3BWaters%2C+Robert+D%3BZhang%2C+Pengchu%3BBorns%2C+David+J&rft.aulast=Brady&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft.date=1999-07-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=MNAtoolbox%3B+a+monitored+natural+attenuation+site+screening+program&rft.title=MNAtoolbox%3B+a+monitored+natural+attenuation+site+screening+program&rft.issn=02706520&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.osti.gov/energycitations/servlets/purl/9022-3hdJE3/webviewable/9022.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 42 N1 - PubXState - NM N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biodegradation; chemical properties; chlorinated hydrocarbons; computer programs; data processing; degradation; dispersivity; dissolved materials; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; heavy metals; hydrocarbons; hydrology; in situ; isotopes; measurement; migration of elements; MNAtoolbox; natural attenuation; organic compounds; petroleum products; pollution; radioactive isotopes; remediation; simulation; soils; solubility; sorption; theoretical models; toxic materials; transformations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stochastic solute transport under unsteady flow conditions; comparison of theory, Monte Carlo simulations, and field data AN - 50131142; 1999-059127 AB - In this, the second of two papers concerning the stochastic description of solute transport under unsteady flow conditions, we show how the ensemble-averaged solute transport equation derived in the companion paper [Wood and Kavvas, this issue] can be solved. A two-dimensional analysis is conducted under conditions that are representative of the Borden aquifer, and a solution to the ensemble-averaged solute transport equation is found numerically. The analytical model suggested by Dagan et al. [1996] is adopted for the velocity field mean and Lagrangian covariance functions. The numerical solution provides the ensemble-averaged concentration field under transient flow conditions; from this concentration field the first- and second-order moments of the ensemble-averaged solute plume are calculated. The ensemble-averaged plume moments compare favorably with the moments calculated using the approach of Dagan et al. [1996], with the plume moments from a Monte Carlo analysis, and with plume moments measured in the field. In our approach the Darcy-scale dispersion is not neglected, and it is shown that this dispersion term has a small but significant influence on the resulting solutions. Copyright 1999 by the American Geophysical Union. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Wood, Brian D AU - Kavvas, M Levent Y1 - 1999/07// PY - 1999 DA - July 1999 SP - 2069 EP - 2084 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 35 IS - 7 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - solute transport KW - experimental studies KW - unsteady flow KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - equations KW - fluid dynamics KW - ground water KW - field studies KW - aquifers KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50131142?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Stochastic+solute+transport+under+unsteady+flow+conditions%3B+comparison+of+theory%2C+Monte+Carlo+simulations%2C+and+field+data&rft.au=Wood%2C+Brian+D%3BKavvas%2C+M+Levent&rft.aulast=Wood&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft.date=1999-07-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=2069&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F1999WR900112 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. table N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendix N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; equations; experimental studies; field studies; fluid dynamics; ground water; Monte Carlo analysis; solute transport; statistical analysis; unsteady flow DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/1999WR900112 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ensemble-averaged equations for reactive transport in porous media under unsteady flow conditions AN - 17863771; 5110577 AB - We present a method for deriving the ensemble-averaged reactive solute transport equation for unsteady, non-divergence-free flow field conditions. Our approach uses a cumulant expansion, Lie group theory, and time-ordered exponentials to develop the ensemble-averaged transport equation. The cumulant expansion is in powers of a alpha tau sub(c), where alpha measures the magnitude of the perturbations of the transport and reaction operators and tau sub(c) is the correlation time of these perturbations. Because the cumulant expansion avoids secular terms (terms in powers of time), the problem can be closed by rationally truncating the expansion. The truncated terms can be shown to be of lower order than those terms that are kept, provided that a particular constraint (in terms of the Kubo number) is met. The use of Lie group theory allows one to automatically combine the Eulerian and Lagrangian approaches. A particular time-ordered exponential that arises in the analysis can be interpreted as a translation operator that possesses a well-defined algebra. These translation operators appear in the second-order (covariance) terms of the cumulant expansion, and their effect is to shift one of the terms of the covariance functions relative to the other along the trajectory formed by the ensemble-averaged velocity field. This approach does not require neglecting the local dispersion tensor and has the advantage that no integral transformations are conducted; therefore all results are expressed in terms of real space variables. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Wood, B D AU - Kavvas, M L AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA Y1 - 1999/07// PY - 1999 DA - July 1999 SP - 2053 EP - 2068 VL - 35 IS - 7 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Flow KW - Theoretical Analysis KW - Solutes KW - Mathematical Studies KW - Porous Media KW - Solute Transport KW - Mathematical Equations KW - Unsteady Flow KW - Porous media KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0840:Groundwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17863771?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Ensemble-averaged+equations+for+reactive+transport+in+porous+media+under+unsteady+flow+conditions&rft.au=Wood%2C+B+D%3BKavvas%2C+M+L&rft.aulast=Wood&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1999-07-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=2053&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Flow; Solutes; Porous media; Theoretical Analysis; Mathematical Studies; Porous Media; Solute Transport; Mathematical Equations; Unsteady Flow ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fall Chinook Salmon Spawning in the Tailraces of Lower Snake River Hydroelectric Projects AN - 17346252; 4629173 AB - We conducted studies from 1993 to 1997 to identify and characterize potential spawning habitat of "endangered" fall chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha in areas downstream of four Snake River dams. This information was needed to provide guidelines for future operation of the lower Snake River hydroelectric system, including assessment of reservoir drawdown, and for site-specific construction planning. We used Geographic Information System mapping technology to direct our initial search efforts. Suitable spawning habitat was defined based on physical habitat characteristics of the tailrace areas. Redd surveys were conducted in primary search areas and planned construction sites from mid-November through December with an underwater video system. The survey path and redd locations were mapped by using a Global Positioning System. During the 4-year study, fall chinook salmon redds were found in the tailrace downstream of Lower Granite (LGR), Little Goose (LGO), and Ice Harbor (IH) dams. The redds were the first verified sightings of salmon spawning at their locations since these dams were constructed in 1970, 1975, and 1972, respectively. The total area used for spawning was about 2,560 m super(2) for the LGR site and 580 m super(2) for the LGO site. Only one redd was found downstream of the IH project. Redds were in water from 4.0 to 8.1 m deep and on cobble substrate. All redds were adjacent to the outfall flow from juvenile fish bypass systems and on the powerhouse side of the river. Although temporal use was variable among individual projects, within-site fidelity was high. Tailrace spawning accounted for about 12% of the redds in the main stem of the Snake River during 1993 and 1994 but declined to less than 5% in 1996 and 1997. JF - Transactions of the American Fisheries Society AU - Dauble, D D AU - Johnson, R L AU - Garcia, A P AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Post Office Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, USA, dd.daublenl.gov Y1 - 1999/07// PY - 1999 DA - Jul 1999 SP - 672 EP - 679 PB - American Fisheries Society VL - 128 IS - 4 SN - 0002-8487, 0002-8487 KW - Chinook salmon KW - tailrace area KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Viewing underwater KW - USA, Snake R. KW - Redds KW - Fishways KW - Hydroelectric power KW - Microhabitats KW - Spawning grounds KW - Underwater cameras KW - Outflow KW - Freshwater KW - Oncorhynchus tshawytscha KW - Breeding sites KW - Dams KW - Nature conservation KW - Geographical reference systems KW - Reproductive behaviour KW - Environmental conditions KW - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation KW - Q1 08344:Reproduction and development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17346252?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society&rft.atitle=Fall+Chinook+Salmon+Spawning+in+the+Tailraces+of+Lower+Snake+River+Hydroelectric+Projects&rft.au=Dauble%2C+D+D%3BJohnson%2C+R+L%3BGarcia%2C+A+P&rft.aulast=Dauble&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1999-07-01&rft.volume=128&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=672&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society&rft.issn=00028487&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Viewing underwater; Redds; Fishways; Hydroelectric power; Spawning grounds; Microhabitats; Outflow; Underwater cameras; Breeding sites; Dams; Nature conservation; Reproductive behaviour; Geographical reference systems; Environmental conditions; Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; USA, Snake R.; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Discrimination information in phase amplitude thresholds with application to western China regional data AN - 52353334; 2000-041412 AB - This article develops a regional seismic discrimination method using information inherent in phase amplitudes that are unmeasurable due to small signal amplitudes and high noise levels. The method, quadratic negative evidence discrimination (QNED), is an enhancement to the teleseismic techniques proposed by Elvers (1974) and is extended to regional discrimination. The method presented in this article is developed for a single seismic station and makes use of the empirical evidence in the regional P (sub g) versus L (sub g) discriminant (see Pomeroy et al., 1983). We develop the equations necessary to compute the station-specific, missed-explosion, and false-alarm error rates. These error rates depend on the required minimum signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) and can be adjusted, within limits, to desired levels. We also show that these equations are an accurate assessment of the errors in seismic discrimination. We propose that many of the current approaches to assessing seismic discrimination errors are often overly optimistic. For some applications, this disparity can be significant. For an application to Western China regional data [P (sub g) versus L (sub g) (1.5 to 3 Hz)], a widely used estimate of the missed-explosion error rate is 20%, leading to the perception that explosions can be identified with an accuracy rate of 80%. A proper accounting of the missed-explosion error rate, using QNED, shows that explosions can be identified with accuracy rate of only 73%. JF - Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America AU - Anderson, Dale N AU - Taylor, Steven R AU - Anderson, Kevin K Y1 - 1999/06// PY - 1999 DA - June 1999 SP - 648 EP - 656 PB - Seismological Society of America, Berkeley, CA VL - 89 IS - 3 SN - 0037-1106, 0037-1106 KW - P-waves KW - body waves KW - Far East KW - discriminant analysis KW - guided waves KW - explosions KW - statistical analysis KW - Lg-waves KW - elastic waves KW - equations KW - noise KW - surface waves KW - applications KW - seismic waves KW - western China KW - Asia KW - earthquakes KW - China KW - amplitude KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52353334?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+the+Seismological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Discrimination+information+in+phase+amplitude+thresholds+with+application+to+western+China+regional+data&rft.au=Anderson%2C+Dale+N%3BTaylor%2C+Steven+R%3BAnderson%2C+Kevin+K&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.aufirst=Dale&rft.date=1999-06-01&rft.volume=89&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=648&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+the+Seismological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00371106&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - BSSAAP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - amplitude; applications; Asia; body waves; China; discriminant analysis; earthquakes; elastic waves; equations; explosions; Far East; guided waves; Lg-waves; noise; P-waves; seismic waves; statistical analysis; surface waves; western China ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An investigation of the origin of (super 152) Eu in Columbia River sediment AN - 52068018; 2002-064438 JF - Health Physics AU - Gibbons, G J AU - Wells, D P AU - Johnson, V AU - Gesell, T F AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1999/06// PY - 1999 DA - June 1999 SP - 114 PB - Pergamon, Long Island, NY VL - 76 IS - 6, Suppl. SN - 0017-9078, 0017-9078 KW - United States KW - isotopes KW - stream sediments KW - Eu-152 KW - rivers and streams KW - Grant County Washington KW - Franklin County Washington KW - radioactive waste KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - water treatment KW - sediments KW - rare earths KW - europium KW - Benton County Washington KW - hydrology KW - Washington KW - pollutants KW - Columbia River KW - effluents KW - surface water KW - sedimentation KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - fluvial sedimentation KW - metals KW - fluvial environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52068018?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+Physics&rft.atitle=An+investigation+of+the+origin+of+%28super+152%29+Eu+in+Columbia+River+sediment&rft.au=Gibbons%2C+G+J%3BWells%2C+D+P%3BJohnson%2C+V%3BGesell%2C+T+F%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gibbons&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1999-06-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=6%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=114&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+Physics&rft.issn=00179078&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.health-physics.com/pt/re/healthphys/home.htm;jsessionid=G5qSTXSp0vDSHYTCTzDnLVFQz7CBNyYYSGk1jRLYMGG4QvPYTKvJ!1240718814!-949856144!8091!-1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Forty-fourth annual meeting of the Health Physics Society N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Benton County Washington; Columbia River; effluents; Eu-152; europium; fluvial environment; fluvial sedimentation; Franklin County Washington; Grant County Washington; Hanford Site; hydrology; isotopes; metals; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; rare earths; rivers and streams; sedimentation; sediments; stream sediments; surface water; transport; United States; Washington; water treatment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Review of historical monitoring data on Techa River contamination AN - 51959913; 2003-054796 JF - Health Physics AU - Vorobiova, M I AU - Degteva, M O AU - Burmistrov, D S AU - Safronova, N G AU - Kozheurov, V P AU - Anspaugh, L R AU - Napier, B A Y1 - 1999/06// PY - 1999 DA - June 1999 SP - 605 EP - 618 PB - Pergamon, Long Island, NY VL - 76 IS - 6 SN - 0017-9078, 0017-9078 KW - patterns KW - monitoring KW - stream sediments KW - radioactivity KW - pollutants KW - plutonium KW - surface water KW - Mayak Production Association KW - pollution KW - Russian Federation KW - radioactive waste KW - Chelyabinsk Russian Federation KW - Commonwealth of Independent States KW - metals KW - sediments KW - waste disposal KW - Techa River KW - Asia KW - fluvial environment KW - actinides KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51959913?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+Physics&rft.atitle=Review+of+historical+monitoring+data+on+Techa+River+contamination&rft.au=Vorobiova%2C+M+I%3BDegteva%2C+M+O%3BBurmistrov%2C+D+S%3BSafronova%2C+N+G%3BKozheurov%2C+V+P%3BAnspaugh%2C+L+R%3BNapier%2C+B+A&rft.aulast=Vorobiova&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1999-06-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=605&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+Physics&rft.issn=00179078&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.health-physics.com/pt/re/healthphys/home.htm;jsessionid=G5qSTXSp0vDSHYTCTzDnLVFQz7CBNyYYSGk1jRLYMGG4QvPYTKvJ!1240718814!-949856144!8091!-1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; Asia; Chelyabinsk Russian Federation; Commonwealth of Independent States; fluvial environment; Mayak Production Association; metals; monitoring; patterns; plutonium; pollutants; pollution; radioactive waste; radioactivity; Russian Federation; sediments; stream sediments; surface water; Techa River; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The kinetics of the smectite to illite transformation in Cretaceous bentonites, Cerro Negro, New Mexico AN - 51211822; 1999-062812 AB - The thermal effects, as well as the survivability and origins of microorganisms in Cretaceous rocks, are evaluated from the timing and extent of the smectite to illite transformation in Cretaceous bentonites collected from cores outside the thermal aureole of the Pliocene Cerro Negro volcanic neck. Overall, randomly ordered mixed-layered illite-smectite (I-S) is the predominant clay mineral in these bentonites, and the K-Ar ages of I-S range from 36 to 48 Ma (21 analyses, two additional analyses were outside this range). Increased temperature from burial is thought to be the primary factor forming I-S in these bentonites. Kinetic model calculations of the smectite to illite transformation are also consistent with I-S formed by burial without any appreciable thermal effects due to the emplacement of Cerro Negro. In a core angled toward Cerro Negro, the percentages of illite layers in I-S from the bentonite closest to Cerro Negro are slightly higher (32-37%) than in most other bentonites in this study. The K-Ar ages of the closest I-S are slightly younger as a group (38-43 Ma; Average = 41 Ma; N = 4) than those of I-S further from Cerro Negro in the same core (41-48 Ma; Average = 44 Ma; N = 6). A small amount of illite in this I-S may have formed by heat from the emplacement of Cerro Negro, but most illite formed from burial. Vitrinite reflectance, however, appears to record the effects of heating from Cerro Negro better than I-S. Tentatively, the temperature of this heat pulse, based on vitrinite data alone, ranged from 100 to 125 degrees C and this is most evident in the CNAR core. The upper temperature, 125 degrees C, approximates the sterilization temperatures for most microorganisms, and these temperatures probably reduced a significant portion of the microbial population. Thermophiles may have survived the increased temperatures from the combined effects of burial and the intrusion of Cerro Negro. JF - Clays and Clay Minerals AU - Elliott, W Crawford AU - Edenfield, Andrea M AU - Wampler, J Marion AU - Matisoff, Gerald AU - Long, Philip E Y1 - 1999/06// PY - 1999 DA - June 1999 SP - 286 EP - 296 PB - Clay Minerals Society, Clarkson, NY VL - 47 IS - 3 SN - 0009-8604, 0009-8604 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - bentonite KW - Cretaceous KW - Mancos Shale KW - clay mineralogy KW - smectite KW - New Mexico KW - illite KW - Mesozoic KW - clay minerals KW - Cerro Negro volcanic neck KW - sedimentary rocks KW - K/Ar KW - Dakota Formation KW - Cibola County New Mexico KW - absolute age KW - sheet silicates KW - kinetics KW - clastic rocks KW - 03:Geochronology KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51211822?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clays+and+Clay+Minerals&rft.atitle=The+kinetics+of+the+smectite+to+illite+transformation+in+Cretaceous+bentonites%2C+Cerro+Negro%2C+New+Mexico&rft.au=Elliott%2C+W+Crawford%3BEdenfield%2C+Andrea+M%3BWampler%2C+J+Marion%3BMatisoff%2C+Gerald%3BLong%2C+Philip+E&rft.aulast=Elliott&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1999-06-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=286&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clays+and+Clay+Minerals&rft.issn=00098604&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 42 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CLCMAB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absolute age; bentonite; Cerro Negro volcanic neck; Cibola County New Mexico; clastic rocks; clay mineralogy; clay minerals; Cretaceous; Dakota Formation; illite; K/Ar; kinetics; Mancos Shale; Mesozoic; New Mexico; sedimentary rocks; sheet silicates; silicates; smectite; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Possible impacts of global warming on the hydrology of the Ogallala Aquifer region AN - 17436440; 4651846 AB - The Ogallala or High Plains aquifer provides water for about 20% of the irrigated land in the United States. About 20 km super(3) (16.6 million acre-feet) of water are withdrawn annually from this aquifer. In general, recharge has not compensated for withdrawals since major irrigation development began in this region in the 1940s. The mining of the Ogallala has been pictured as an analogue to climate change in that many GCMs predict a warmer and drier future for this region. In this paper we attempt to anticipate the possible impacts of climate change on the sustainability of the aquifer as a source of water for irrigation and other purposes in the region. We have applied HUMUS, the Hydrologic Unit Model of the U.S. to the Missouri and Arkansas-White-Red water resource regions that overlie the Ogallala. We have imposed three general circulation model (GISS, UKTR and BMRC) projections of future climate change on this region and simulated the changes that may be induced in water yields (runoff plus lateral flow) and ground water recharge. Each GCM was applied to HUMUS at three levels of global mean temperature (GMT) to represent increasing severity of climate change (a surrogate for time). HUMUS was also run at three levels of atmospheric CO sub(2) concentration (hereafter denoted by [CO sub(2)]) in order to estimate the impacts of direct CO sub(2) effects on photosynthesis and evapotranspiration. Since the UKTR and GISS GCMs project increased precipitation in the Missouri basin, water yields increase there. The BMRC GCM predicts sharply decreased precipitation and, hence, reduced water yields. Precipitation reductions are even greater in the Arkansas basin under BMRC as are the consequent water yield losses. GISS and UKTR climates lead to only moderate yield losses in the Arkansas. CO sub(2)-fertilization reverses these losses and yields increase slightly. CO sub(2) fertilization increases recharge in the base (no climate change) case in both basins. Recharge is reduced under all three GCMs and severities of climate change. JF - Climatic Change AU - Rosenberg, N J AU - Epstein, D J AU - Wang, D AU - Vail, L AU - Srinivasan, R AU - Arnold, J G AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Washington, D.C., USA Y1 - 1999/05// PY - 1999 DA - May 1999 SP - 677 EP - 692 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers Group VL - 42 IS - 1 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - USA, Ogallala Aquifer KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Prediction KW - Aquifers KW - Water Yield KW - Climatic changes KW - Groundwater Mining KW - Environmental impact KW - Basins KW - Precipitation KW - Model Studies KW - Fertilization KW - Global warming KW - Hydrology KW - Climatic Changes KW - Groundwater Recharge KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 0840:Groundwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17436440?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=Possible+impacts+of+global+warming+on+the+hydrology+of+the+Ogallala+Aquifer+region&rft.au=Rosenberg%2C+N+J%3BEpstein%2C+D+J%3BWang%2C+D%3BVail%2C+L%3BSrinivasan%2C+R%3BArnold%2C+J+G&rft.aulast=Rosenberg&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1999-05-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=677&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/10.1023%2FA%3A1005424003553 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aquifers; Water Yield; Groundwater Recharge; Groundwater Mining; Climatic Changes; Prediction; Carbon Dioxide; Precipitation; Fertilization; Basins; Model Studies; Hydrology; Global warming; Climatic changes; Environmental impact DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005424003553 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Immobility of protons in ice from 30 to 190K AN - 853475779; 14051516 AB - The anomalously fast motion of hydronium ions (H sub(3)O super(+)) in water is often attributed to the Grotthuss mechanism, whereby protons tunnel from one water molecule to the next. This tunnelling is relevant to proton motion through water in restricted geometries, such as in 'proton wires' in proteins and in stratospheric ice particles. Transport of hydronium ions in ice is thought to be closely related to its transport in water,. But whereas claims have been made that such tunnelling can persist even at 0K in ice, counter-claims suggest that the activation energy for hydronium motion in ice is non-zero. Here we use 'soft-landing' of hydronium ions on the surface of ice to show that the ions do not seem to move at all at temperatures below 190K. This implies not only that hydronium motion is an activated process, but also that it does not occur at anything like the rate expected from the Grotthuss mechanism. We also observe the motion of an important kind of defect in ice's hydrogen-bonded structure (the D defect). Extrapolation of our measurements to 0K indicates that the defect is still mobile at this temperature, in an electric field of 1.6 108Vm-1. JF - Nature AU - Cowin, J P AU - Tsekouras, A A AU - Iedema, MJ AU - Wu, K AU - Ellison, G B AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Box 999,MS K8-88, Richland, Washington 99352, USA PY - 1999 SP - 405 EP - 407 PB - Nature Publishing Group, The Macmillan Building London N1 9XW UK VL - 398 IS - 6726 SN - 0028-0836, 0028-0836 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Legal Aspects KW - Particulates KW - Defects KW - Electric fields KW - Ice drift KW - Ice KW - Ions KW - Temperature KW - Electric Fields KW - Tunnels KW - Stratosphere KW - Proteins KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - AQ 00005:Underground Services and Water Use KW - SW 6010:Structures UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/853475779?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=Immobility+of+protons+in+ice+from+30+to+190K&rft.au=Cowin%2C+J+P%3BTsekouras%2C+A+A%3BIedema%2C+MJ%3BWu%2C+K%3BEllison%2C+G+B&rft.aulast=Cowin&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1999-04-01&rft.volume=398&rft.issue=6726&rft.spage=405&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature&rft.issn=00280836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2F18848 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-23 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Electric fields; Ice drift; Tunnels; Defects; Ions; Ice; Temperature; Proteins; Particulates; Stratosphere; Legal Aspects; Electric Fields DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/18848 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling microbial transport and biodegradation in a dual-porosity system AN - 52384840; 2000-018343 JF - Transport in Porous Media AU - Sun, Y AU - Petersen, J N AU - Bear, J AU - Clement, T P AU - Hooker, B S Y1 - 1999/04// PY - 1999 DA - April 1999 SP - 49 EP - 65 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 35 IS - 1 SN - 0169-3913, 0169-3913 KW - solute transport KW - biodegradation KW - biomass KW - data processing KW - pollution KW - MODFLOW KW - mathematical models KW - simulation KW - porosity KW - aquifers KW - heterogeneous materials KW - transport KW - heterogeneity KW - kinetics KW - permeability KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52384840?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.atitle=Modeling+microbial+transport+and+biodegradation+in+a+dual-porosity+system&rft.au=Sun%2C+Y%3BPetersen%2C+J+N%3BBear%2C+J%3BClement%2C+T+P%3BHooker%2C+B+S&rft.aulast=Sun&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=1999-04-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=49&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.issn=01693913&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://springerlink.metapress.com/(l4tqdq55jga2hgb0achos1qm)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100342,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; biodegradation; biomass; data processing; heterogeneity; heterogeneous materials; kinetics; mathematical models; microorganisms; MODFLOW; permeability; pollution; porosity; simulation; solute transport; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling ripple fired explosions from the Centralia Mine, southwestern Washington AN - 51202829; 2000-056580 JF - Seismological Research Letters AU - Rohay, A C AU - Malone, Steve D Y1 - 1999/04// PY - 1999 DA - April 1999 SP - 228 PB - Seismological Society of America, Eastern Section, [Berkeley, CA] VL - 70 IS - 2 SN - 0895-0695, 0895-0695 KW - United States KW - mining KW - mines KW - Lewis County Washington KW - Washington KW - explosions KW - magnitude KW - coal mines KW - simulation KW - models KW - Centralia Mine KW - delay pattern KW - time factor KW - nuclear explosions KW - earthquakes KW - Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51202829?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Modeling+ripple+fired+explosions+from+the+Centralia+Mine%2C+southwestern+Washington&rft.au=Rohay%2C+A+C%3BMalone%2C+Steve+D&rft.aulast=Rohay&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1999-04-01&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=228&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.issn=08950695&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - SSA-99, 94th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CA] N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EAQNAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Centralia Mine; coal mines; Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty; delay pattern; earthquakes; explosions; Lewis County Washington; magnitude; mines; mining; models; nuclear explosions; simulation; time factor; United States; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hand calculation of safe separation distances between natural-gas pipelines and boilers and nuclear facilities in the Hanford Site 300 area AN - 17255645; 4548112 AB - The U.S. Department of Energy has undertaken a project to reduce energy expenditures and improve energy system reliability in the 300 Area of the Hanford Site near Richland, Washington. This project replaced the centralized heating system with heating units for individual buildings or groups of buildings, constructed a new natural-gas distribution system to provide a fuel source for many of these units, and constructed a central control building to operate and maintain the system. The individual heating units include steam boilers that are housed in individual annex buildings located in the vicinity of a number of nuclear facilities operated by the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). The described analysis develops the basis for siting the package boilers and natural-gas distribution system used to supply steam to PNNL's 300 Area nuclear facilities. Minimum separation distances that would eliminate or reduce the risks of accidental dispersal of radioactive and hazardous materials in nearby nuclear facilities were calculated based on the effects of four potential fire and explosion (detonation) scenarios involving the boiler and natural-gas distribution system. These minimum separation distances were used to support siting decisions for the boilers and natural-gas pipelines. JF - Nuclear Technology AU - Daling, P M AU - Graham, T M AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Wa 99352, USA, pm_daling@pnl.gov Y1 - 1999/04// PY - 1999 DA - Apr 1999 SP - 62 EP - 74 VL - 126 IS - 1 SN - 0029-5450, 0029-5450 KW - USA, Hanford Site KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Nuclear power plants KW - Siting criteria KW - Pipelines KW - Natural gas KW - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17255645?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nuclear+Technology&rft.atitle=Hand+calculation+of+safe+separation+distances+between+natural-gas+pipelines+and+boilers+and+nuclear+facilities+in+the+Hanford+Site+300+area&rft.au=Daling%2C+P+M%3BGraham%2C+T+M&rft.aulast=Daling&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1999-04-01&rft.volume=126&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=62&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nuclear+Technology&rft.issn=00295450&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pipelines; Siting criteria; Natural gas; Nuclear power plants ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Expression of Trichoderma reesei exo-cellobiohydrolase I in transgenic tobacco leaves and calli AN - 807297036; 13857563 AB - Expression of Trichoderma reesei exo-cellobiohydrolase I (CBHI) gene in transgenic tobacco was under the control of CaMV 35S promoter. In transgenic leaf tissues, CBHI activity up to 66.1 kmol/h/g total protein was observed. In transgenic calli, the highest CBHI activity was 83.6 kmol h/g total protein. Protein immunoblot analysis confirms the presence of CBHI enzyme in both transgenic calli and leaf tissues. CBHI expression levels accounted for about 0.11% and 0.082% of total protein in transgenic leaf tissues and calli, respectively, Furthermore, expression of CBHI gene did not affect normal growth and development of transgenic plants. JF - Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology AU - Dai, Ziyu AU - Hooker, Brian S AU - Quesenberry, Ryan D AU - Gao, Jianwei AD - Bioprocessing Group, Environmental Technological Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MSIN K2-10, P.B. Box 999, Richland, WA, 99352, ziyudai@pnl.gov Y1 - 1999/03// PY - 1999 DA - Mar 1999 SP - 689 EP - 699 PB - Humana Press Inc., 999 Riverview Dr., Ste. 208 Totowa NJ 07512 USA VL - 79 IS - 1-3 SN - 0273-2289, 0273-2289 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Toxicology Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Promoters KW - Leaves KW - Tobacco KW - Enzymes KW - Hypocrea jecorina KW - Transgenic plants KW - W 30925:Genetic Engineering KW - X 24380:Social Poisons & Drug Abuse KW - K 03310:Genetics & Taxonomy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/807297036?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Expression+of+Trichoderma+reesei+exo-cellobiohydrolase+I+in+transgenic+tobacco+leaves+and+calli&rft.au=Dai%2C+Ziyu%3BHooker%2C+Brian+S%3BQuesenberry%2C+Ryan+D%3BGao%2C+Jianwei&rft.aulast=Dai&rft.aufirst=Ziyu&rft.date=1999-03-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=689&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Biochemistry+and+Biotechnology&rft.issn=02732289&rft_id=info:doi/10.1385%2FABAB%3A79%3A1-3%3A689 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-12-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Promoters; Tobacco; Leaves; Enzymes; Transgenic plants; Hypocrea jecorina DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1385/ABAB:79:1-3:689 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The surface charging of Fe(III)/Fe(II) oxyhydroxides in aqueous solutions; use of molecular level simulations to assess site binding AN - 52289369; 2001-002146 JF - Abstracts of Papers - American Chemical Society, National Meeting AU - Felmy, Andrew R AU - Rustad, James R AU - Dixon, D A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1999/03// PY - 1999 DA - March 1999 EP - unpaginated PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 217 IS - Part 1 SN - 0065-7727, 0065-7727 KW - iron oxides KW - goethite KW - hydrolysis KW - aqueous solutions KW - adsorption KW - iron hydroxides KW - iron KW - ferrous iron KW - hydroxides KW - ferric iron KW - hematite KW - metals KW - oxides KW - thermodynamic properties KW - maghemite KW - 01A:General mineralogy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52289369?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+-+American+Chemical+Society%2C+National+Meeting&rft.atitle=The+surface+charging+of+Fe%28III%29%2FFe%28II%29+oxyhydroxides+in+aqueous+solutions%3B+use+of+molecular+level+simulations+to+assess+site+binding&rft.au=Felmy%2C+Andrew+R%3BRustad%2C+James+R%3BDixon%2C+D+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Felmy&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=1999-03-01&rft.volume=217&rft.issue=Part+1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0841236720&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+-+American+Chemical+Society%2C+National+Meeting&rft.issn=00657727&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Chemical Society 217th national meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; aqueous solutions; ferric iron; ferrous iron; goethite; hematite; hydrolysis; hydroxides; iron; iron hydroxides; iron oxides; maghemite; metals; oxides; thermodynamic properties ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simultaneously-extracted-metals/acid-volatile-sulfide in sediment from the Hanford reach of the Columbia River AN - 52289296; 2001-002128 JF - Abstracts of Papers - American Chemical Society, National Meeting AU - Patton, G W AU - Crecelius, E A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1999/03// PY - 1999 DA - March 1999 EP - unpaginated PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 217 IS - Part 1 SN - 0065-7727, 0065-7727 KW - United States KW - concentration KW - Washington KW - Columbia River KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - lead KW - Hanford Site KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - toxicity KW - metals KW - sediments KW - nickel KW - cadmium KW - depositional environment KW - chemical composition KW - pore water KW - mercury KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52289296?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+-+American+Chemical+Society%2C+National+Meeting&rft.atitle=Simultaneously-extracted-metals%2Facid-volatile-sulfide+in+sediment+from+the+Hanford+reach+of+the+Columbia+River&rft.au=Patton%2C+G+W%3BCrecelius%2C+E+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Patton&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1999-03-01&rft.volume=217&rft.issue=Part+1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0841236720&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+-+American+Chemical+Society%2C+National+Meeting&rft.issn=00657727&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Chemical Society 217th national meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - SuppNotes - ENVR156 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cadmium; chemical composition; Columbia River; concentration; depositional environment; Hanford Site; lead; mercury; metals; nickel; organic compounds; pollution; pore water; sediments; surface water; toxicity; United States; volatiles; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structure and energetics of the magnetite(001) surface AN - 52288743; 2001-002144 JF - Abstracts of Papers - American Chemical Society, National Meeting AU - Rustad, James R AU - Joyce, Stephen A AU - Wasseman, Evgeny AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1999/03// PY - 1999 DA - March 1999 EP - unpaginated PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 217 IS - Part 1 SN - 0065-7727, 0065-7727 KW - surface properties KW - iron oxides KW - oxidation KW - crystal structure KW - crystal growth KW - defects KW - molecular structure KW - isomorphism KW - chemical properties KW - oxides KW - stoichiometry KW - maghemite KW - magnetite KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52288743?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+-+American+Chemical+Society%2C+National+Meeting&rft.atitle=Structure+and+energetics+of+the+magnetite%28001%29+surface&rft.au=Rustad%2C+James+R%3BJoyce%2C+Stephen+A%3BWasseman%2C+Evgeny%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Rustad&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=1999-03-01&rft.volume=217&rft.issue=Part+1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0841236720&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+-+American+Chemical+Society%2C+National+Meeting&rft.issn=00657727&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Chemical Society 217th national meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical properties; crystal growth; crystal structure; defects; iron oxides; isomorphism; maghemite; magnetite; molecular structure; oxidation; oxides; stoichiometry; surface properties ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Trace-level chromate sorption dynamics at hematite surfaces; a spectroscopic approach AN - 52288701; 2001-002145 JF - Abstracts of Papers - American Chemical Society, National Meeting AU - Amonette, J E AU - Foster, Nancy S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1999/03// PY - 1999 DA - March 1999 EP - unpaginated PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 217 IS - Part 1 SN - 0065-7727, 0065-7727 KW - surface properties KW - concentration KW - anions KW - sorption KW - sulfate ion KW - monitoring KW - laser methods KW - equilibrium KW - chromates KW - phosphate ion KW - isotherms KW - hematite KW - oxides KW - trace elements KW - spectroscopy KW - dynamic properties KW - 01A:General mineralogy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52288701?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+-+American+Chemical+Society%2C+National+Meeting&rft.atitle=Trace-level+chromate+sorption+dynamics+at+hematite+surfaces%3B+a+spectroscopic+approach&rft.au=Amonette%2C+J+E%3BFoster%2C+Nancy+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Amonette&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1999-03-01&rft.volume=217&rft.issue=Part+1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0841236720&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+-+American+Chemical+Society%2C+National+Meeting&rft.issn=00657727&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Chemical Society 217th national meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anions; chromates; concentration; dynamic properties; equilibrium; hematite; isotherms; laser methods; monitoring; oxides; phosphate ion; sorption; spectroscopy; sulfate ion; surface properties; trace elements ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Growth and structure of synthetic iron oxide mineral surfaces AN - 52288646; 2001-002143 JF - Abstracts of Papers - American Chemical Society, National Meeting AU - Joyce, Stephen A AU - Chambers, Scott A AU - Thevuthasan, S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1999/03// PY - 1999 DA - March 1999 EP - unpaginated PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 217 IS - Part 1 SN - 0065-7727, 0065-7727 KW - iron oxides KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - oxidation KW - crystal structure KW - crystal growth KW - defects KW - isomorphism KW - chemical properties KW - oxides KW - maghemite KW - synthetic materials KW - magnetite KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52288646?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+-+American+Chemical+Society%2C+National+Meeting&rft.atitle=Growth+and+structure+of+synthetic+iron+oxide+mineral+surfaces&rft.au=Joyce%2C+Stephen+A%3BChambers%2C+Scott+A%3BThevuthasan%2C+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Joyce&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=1999-03-01&rft.volume=217&rft.issue=Part+1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0841236720&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+-+American+Chemical+Society%2C+National+Meeting&rft.issn=00657727&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Chemical Society 217th national meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical properties; crystal growth; crystal structure; defects; iron oxides; isomorphism; maghemite; magnetite; oxidation; oxides; synthetic materials; X-ray diffraction data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A spectroscopic study of phenanthrene adsorption on porous silica AN - 52279152; 2001-002163 JF - Abstracts of Papers - American Chemical Society, National Meeting AU - Friedrich, D M AU - Beversuluis, M R AU - Joly, A G AU - Huesemann, M H AU - Truex, M J AU - Riley, R G AU - Thompson, C J AU - Peyton, B M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1999/03// PY - 1999 DA - March 1999 EP - unpaginated PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 217 IS - Part 1 SN - 0065-7727, 0065-7727 KW - X-ray fluorescence KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - adsorption KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - phenanthrene KW - organic compounds KW - detection KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - silica KW - hydrocarbons KW - chemical properties KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52279152?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+-+American+Chemical+Society%2C+National+Meeting&rft.atitle=A+spectroscopic+study+of+phenanthrene+adsorption+on+porous+silica&rft.au=Friedrich%2C+D+M%3BBeversuluis%2C+M+R%3BJoly%2C+A+G%3BHuesemann%2C+M+H%3BTruex%2C+M+J%3BRiley%2C+R+G%3BThompson%2C+C+J%3BPeyton%2C+B+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Friedrich&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1999-03-01&rft.volume=217&rft.issue=Part+1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0841236720&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+-+American+Chemical+Society%2C+National+Meeting&rft.issn=00657727&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Chemical Society 217th national meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; aromatic hydrocarbons; bioremediation; chemical properties; chemical reactions; detection; hydrocarbons; organic compounds; phenanthrene; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; porous materials; remediation; silica; transport; X-ray fluorescence ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Borehole data package for 1998 wells installed at single-shell tank waste management area T AN - 51390808; 2007-083534 AB - Two new Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) groundwater monitoring wells were installed at the single-shell tank farm Waste Management Area (WMA) in August through November of 1998 in fulfillment of Tri-Party Agreement (Ecology 1996) Milestone M-24-37. The wells are 299-W1O-23 and 299-W10-24. Well 299-W1O-23 replaces well 299-W1O-15 and well 299-W1O-24 replaces well 299-WI 1-27; both new wells are located north of WMAT and are downgradient monitoring wells. The locations of all wells in the extended monitoring network for WMAT are shown in Figure 1. The groundwater monitoring plan for WMA T (Caggiano and Goodwin 1991) describes the hydrogeology of the 200 West Area and WMA T. An Interim Change Notice to the groundwater monitoring plan provides justification for the new wells. The new wells were constructed to the specifications and requirements described in Washington Administrative Code (WAC) 173-160 and WAC 173-303. This document compiles information on the drilling and construction, well development pump installation, and sediment testing applicable to wells 299-W1O-23 and 299-W1O-24. Appendix A contains copies of the geologist's log, the Well Construction Summary Repo; and Well Summary Sheet (as-built diagram); Appendix B contains results of laboratory, analyses of particle size distribution, pH conductivity, and moisture content; Appendix C contains geophysical logs analyses; and Appendix D contains analytical results from groundwater samples obtained during well construction. Aquifer tests (slug tests) were performed on both new wells after well completions. Results of the aquifer tests will be reported elsewhere. Additional documentation concerning well construction is on file with Bechtel Hanford, Inc., Richland, Washington. JF - PNNL (Pacific Northwest National Laboratory) AU - Horton, D G AU - Hodges, F N Y1 - 1999/03// PY - 1999 DA - March 1999 PB - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA KW - United States KW - concentration KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - well-logging KW - pollution KW - observation wells KW - Hanford Site KW - migration of elements KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - waste management KW - physical properties KW - safety KW - boreholes KW - nuclear facilities KW - water wells KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51390808?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Horton%2C+D+G%3BHodges%2C+F+N&rft.aulast=Horton&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1999-03-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Borehole+data+package+for+1998+wells+installed+at+single-shell+tank+waste+management+area+T&rft.title=Borehole+data+package+for+1998+wells+installed+at+single-shell+tank+waste+management+area+T&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.pnl.gov/publications/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from NTIS database, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, (703)685-6900, order number DE00004721NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - WA N1 - SuppNotes - Contract AC06-76RL01830 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04694 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; boreholes; concentration; ground water; Hanford Site; migration of elements; monitoring; nuclear facilities; observation wells; physical properties; pollution; safety; United States; Washington; waste management; water wells; well-logging ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Movement and remediation of trichloroethylene in a saturated, heterogeneous porous medium; 2, Pump-and-treat and surfactant flushing AN - 51025526; 1999-029501 AB - An intermediate-scale flow cell experiment was conducted to remove a liquid trichloroethylene (TCE) spill from a saturated, heterogeneous porous medium using pump-and-treat (P&T) as well as surfactant flushing (SF) techniques. Dissolved TCE concentrations were measured at 20 locations, while fluid saturations were obtained with a dual-energy gamma scanner. The behavior of the TCE spill has been described by Oostrom et al. (1998b) [Oostrom, M., Hofstee, C., Walker, R. C., Dane, J. H., 1998b. Movement and remediation of TCE in a saturated heterogeneous porous medium: 1. Spill behavior and initial dissolution, this issue.]. A total of six alternating P&T and SF periods were used to remediate the flow cell. A two-well system, consisting of an injection and an extraction well, was used during the first five remediation periods. For the last SF period, a three-well system was employed with two injection wells and one extraction well. During the first P&T period, most entrapped TCE was removed, but TCE saturations in a substantial pool on top of a fine-grained sand layer were largely unaffected. During the first SF period, a dense plume was formed containing solubilized TCE which partially sank into the fine-grained sand. In addition, unstable fingers developed below the liquid TCE in the pool. In several samples, small TCE droplets were found, indicating mobilization of TCE. Most of the samples with concentrations larger than 5000 ppm had a milky, emulsion-like appearance. The SF considerably reduced the amount of TCE in the pool on top of the fine-grained sand. During the second P&T period, plume sinking and instabilities were not observed. After starting the second SF period, some unstable fingering and plume sinking resumed, starting at the upstream end of the TCE in the pool. The saturation distribution obtained after the second SF period was quite similar to the one obtained after the first SF period, indicating that additional removal of TCE through SF was difficult as a result of the limited accessibility of the TCE in the pool. A gamma scan, obtained after three weeks of pumping using the three-well configuration, shows that all the liquid TCE had been removed from the coarse sand. Computations based on extraction rates and measured TCE concentrations show that only about 60% of the injected TCE was removed from the cell during the experiment. Part of the missing 40% might have moved downwards into the fine sand as a result of pure phase mobilization. The experimental results suggest that besides the positive effects of solubilization, possible detrimental processes such as pure phase mobilization and dense aqueous-phase plume behavior should be considered during SF. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Oostrom, M AU - Hofstee, C AU - Walker, R C AU - Dane, J H Y1 - 1999/03// PY - 1999 DA - March 1999 SP - 179 EP - 197 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 37 IS - 1-2 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - dispersivity KW - contaminant plumes KW - dense nonaqueous phase liquids KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - transport KW - decontamination KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - pump-and-treat KW - mobility KW - concentration KW - monitoring KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - petroleum products KW - aquifers KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - organic compounds KW - saturation KW - fine-grained materials KW - surfactants KW - hydrocarbons KW - trichloroethylene KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51025526?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Movement+and+remediation+of+trichloroethylene+in+a+saturated%2C+heterogeneous+porous+medium%3B+2%2C+Pump-and-treat+and+surfactant+flushing&rft.au=Oostrom%2C+M%3BHofstee%2C+C%3BWalker%2C+R+C%3BDane%2C+J+H&rft.aulast=Oostrom&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1999-03-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=179&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; contaminant plumes; decontamination; dense nonaqueous phase liquids; dispersivity; fine-grained materials; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydraulic conductivity; hydrocarbons; mobility; monitoring; nonaqueous phase liquids; organic compounds; petroleum products; pollution; porous materials; pump-and-treat; remediation; saturation; surfactants; transport; trichloroethylene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Movement and remediation of trichloroethylene in a saturated heterogeneous porous medium; 1, Spill behavior and initial dissolution AN - 51024936; 1999-029500 AB - An intermediate-scale flow cell experiment was conducted to study the flow of liquid and the transport of dissolved trichloroethylene (TCE) in a saturated, heterogeneous porous medium system. The 1.67-m long by 1.0-m high by 0.05-m wide flow cell was packed with three layers and five lenses consisting of four different sands. All lenses and layers had horizontal interfaces, except the lowest interface, which was pointed down in the middle. Groundwater flow was imposed by manipulating the water levels in two head chambers. Over 500 ml of dyed TCE was allowed to infiltrate at a constant rate into the porous medium from a narrow source located on the surface. A dual-energy gamma radiation system was used to determine TCE saturations at 1059 locations. Fluid samples were collected from 20 sampling ports to determine dissolved TCE concentrations. The TCE migrated downwards in the form of several relatively narrow (3-8 mm) fingers. Visual observations and measured TCE saturations indicated that the spilled TCE accumulated on top of, but did not penetrate into, fine-grained sand lenses and layers but that some TCE infiltrated into medium-grained sand lenses. This behavior is a result of the different nonwetting-fluid entry and permeability values of the sands. Most of the TCE finally pooled on top of a fine-grained sand layer located in the bottom part of the flow cell. A multifluid code (STOMP: subsurface transport over multiple phases), accounting for TCE entrapment, was used to simulate the movement of liquid TCE. Using independently obtained hydraulic parameter values, the code was able to qualitatively predict the observed behavior at the interfaces of the lenses and sand layers. Simulation results suggest that most of the liquid TCE at the lowest interface was in free, continuous form, while most of the other TCE remaining in the flow cell was entrapped and discontinuous. A simple pool dissolution model was used to predict observed dissolved TCE concentrations. Results show that the measured concentrations could only be predicted with unrealistically high transverse dispersivity values. The observed TCE concentrations are a result of a combination of entrapped and pool dissolution. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Oostrom, M AU - Hofstee, C AU - Walker, R C AU - Dane, J H Y1 - 1999/03// PY - 1999 DA - March 1999 SP - 159 EP - 178 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 37 IS - 1-2 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - dispersivity KW - STOMP KW - contaminant plumes KW - data processing KW - dense nonaqueous phase liquids KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - Subsurface Transport Over Multiple Phases KW - transport KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - mobility KW - concentration KW - monitoring KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - petroleum products KW - aquifers KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - computer programs KW - organic compounds KW - saturation KW - fine-grained materials KW - hydrocarbons KW - trichloroethylene KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51024936?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Movement+and+remediation+of+trichloroethylene+in+a+saturated+heterogeneous+porous+medium%3B+1%2C+Spill+behavior+and+initial+dissolution&rft.au=Oostrom%2C+M%3BHofstee%2C+C%3BWalker%2C+R+C%3BDane%2C+J+H&rft.aulast=Oostrom&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1999-03-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=159&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 46 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; chlorinated hydrocarbons; computer programs; concentration; contaminant plumes; data processing; dense nonaqueous phase liquids; dispersivity; fine-grained materials; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydraulic conductivity; hydrocarbons; mobility; monitoring; nonaqueous phase liquids; organic compounds; petroleum products; pollution; porous materials; remediation; saturation; STOMP; Subsurface Transport Over Multiple Phases; transport; trichloroethylene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Complete Sequence of a 184-Kilobase Catabolic Plasmid from Sphingomonas aromaticivorans F199 AN - 17179182; 4473820 AB - The complete 184,457-bp sequence of the aromatic catabolic plasmid pNL1, from Sphingomonas aromaticivorans F199 has been determined. A total of 186 open reading frames (ORFs) are predicted to encode proteins, of which 79 are likely directly associated with catabolism or transport of aromatic compounds. Genes that encode enzymes associated with the degradation of biphenyl, naphthalene, m-xylene, and p- cresol are predicted to be distributed among 15 gene clusters. The unusual coclustering of genes associated with different pathways appears to have evolved in response to similarities in biochemical mechanisms required for the degradation of intermediates in different pathways. A putative efflux pump and several hypothetical membrane-associated proteins were identified and predicted to be involved in the transport of aromatic compounds and/or intermediates in catabolism across the cell wall. Several genes associated with integration and recombination, including two group II intron-associated maturases, were identified in the replication region suggesting that pNL1 is able to undergo integration and excision events with the chromosome and/or other portions of the plasmid. Conjugative transfer of pNL1 to another Sphingomonas sp. was demonstrated, and genes associated with this function were found in two large clusters. Approximately one-third of the ORFs (59 of them) have no obvious homology to known genes. JF - Journal of Bacteriology AU - Romine, M F AU - Stillwell, L C AU - Wong, K AU - Thurston, S J AU - Sisk, E C AU - Sensen, C AU - Gaasterland, T AU - Fredrickson, J K AU - Saffer, J D AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Environmental Microbiology Group, 902 Battelle Blvd., MS P7-50, Richland, WA 99352, Margie.Romine@pnl.gov Y1 - 1999/03// PY - 1999 DA - Mar 1999 SP - 1585 EP - 1602 VL - 181 IS - 5 SN - 0021-9193, 0021-9193 KW - amino acid sequence prediction KW - biphenyl KW - cresol KW - genes KW - maturase KW - nucleotide sequence KW - plasmid pNL1 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Conjugation KW - Naphthalene KW - Chromosomes KW - Xylene KW - Sphingomonas aromaticivorans KW - N 14640:Structure & sequence KW - J 02760:Plasmids KW - G 07203:Plasmids UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17179182?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.atitle=Complete+Sequence+of+a+184-Kilobase+Catabolic+Plasmid+from+Sphingomonas+aromaticivorans+F199&rft.au=Romine%2C+M+F%3BStillwell%2C+L+C%3BWong%2C+K%3BThurston%2C+S+J%3BSisk%2C+E+C%3BSensen%2C+C%3BGaasterland%2C+T%3BFredrickson%2C+J+K%3BSaffer%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Romine&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1999-03-01&rft.volume=181&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1585&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.issn=00219193&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sphingomonas aromaticivorans; Xylene; Conjugation; Naphthalene; Chromosomes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Benchmarking of the Vadose-Zone Module Associated with Three Risk Assessment Models: RESRAD, MMSOILS, and MEPAS AN - 17197777; 4480031 AB - This paper is one of a series of papers that reports the results of a benchmarking between three multimedia risk assessment models: RESRAD, MMSOILS, and MEPAS. Each multimedia model is comprised of a suite of modules (e.g., groundwater, air, surface water, exposure, and risk/hazard), all of which can impact the estimation of human health risk. As a component of the benchmarking exercise, the vadose-zone modules of each model were applied to an environmental release scenario, where uranium-238 was released from the waste site to a vadose zone with two layers. Time-varying emission rates, exiting the source and each of the layers, were compared. Different results are reported for RESRAD, MMSOILS, and MEPAS, which are solely due to the assumptions and mathematical constructs inherently built into each model, thereby impacting the potential risks predicted by each model. RESRAD transports its contaminants by pure translation (i.e., plug flow), and MMSOILS and MEPAS transport contaminants by solving the one-dimensional advective-dispersive equation. Because of the plug-flow assumption, RESRAD generally predicts higher emission rates (and, hence, concentrations). In addition, because of assumptions in the way each model calculates pore-water velocity, RESRAD travel times will always be shorter than MMSOILS, which will always be shorter than MEPAS. Shorter or longer travel times could have a profound impact for contaminants that exhibit significant degradation/decay. JF - Environmental Engineering Science AU - Whelan, G AU - McDonald, J P AU - Gnanapragasam, E K AU - Laniak, G F AU - Lew, C S AU - Mills, W B AU - Yu, C AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Battelle Boulevard, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA Y1 - 1999/02// PY - 1999 DA - Feb 1999 SP - 81 EP - 92 VL - 16 IS - 1 SN - 1092-8758, 1092-8758 KW - MEPAS KW - MMSOILS KW - RESRAD KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Pore water KW - Contamination KW - Environmental health KW - Risk assessment KW - Pollution dispersion KW - Uranium KW - Decay KW - Mathematical models KW - Radioactive pollution KW - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety KW - P 8000:RADIATION KW - R2 23010:General: Models, forecasting UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17197777?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Engineering+Science&rft.atitle=Benchmarking+of+the+Vadose-Zone+Module+Associated+with+Three+Risk+Assessment+Models%3A+RESRAD%2C+MMSOILS%2C+and+MEPAS&rft.au=Whelan%2C+G%3BMcDonald%2C+J+P%3BGnanapragasam%2C+E+K%3BLaniak%2C+G+F%3BLew%2C+C+S%3BMills%2C+W+B%3BYu%2C+C&rft.aulast=Whelan&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1999-02-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=81&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Engineering+Science&rft.issn=10928758&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Radioactive pollution; Pore water; Pollution dispersion; Contamination; Risk assessment; Mathematical models; Environmental health; Decay; Uranium ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Benchmarking of the Saturated-Zone Module Associated with Three Risk Assessment Models: RESRAD, MMSOILS, and MEPAS AN - 17193512; 4480030 AB - A comprehensive benchmarking is being performed between three multimedia risk assessment models: RESRAD, MMSOILS, and MEPAS. Each multimedia model is comprised of a suite of modules (e.g., groundwater, air, surface water, exposure, and risk/hazard), all of which can impact the estimation of the human health risk. As a component of the comprehensive benchmarking exercise, the saturated-zone modules of each model were applied to an environmental release scenario, where uranium-234 was released from the waste site to a saturated zone. Although many differences were identified between the models, differences that impacted these benchmarking results the most are as follows: (1) RESRAD transports its contaminants by pure translation, and MMSOILS and MEPAS solve the one-dimensional advective, three-dimensional dispersive equation. (2) Due to the manner in which the retardation factor is defined, RESRAD contaminant velocities will always be faster than MMSOILS or MEPAS for long-lived contaminants. (3) RESRAD uses a dilution factor to account for a withdrawal well; MMSOILS and MEPAS were designed to calculate in situ concentrations at a receptor location. (4) RESRAD allows for decay products to travel at different velocities, while MEPAS assumes the decay products travel at the same speed as their parents. MMSOILS does not account for decay products and assumes degradation/decay only in the aqueous phase. JF - Environmental Engineering Science AU - Whelan, G AU - McDonald, J P AU - Gnanapragasam, E K AU - Laniak, G F AU - Lew, C S AU - Mills, W B AU - Yu, C AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Battelle Boulevard, Richland, WA 99352, USA Y1 - 1999/02// PY - 1999 DA - Feb 1999 SP - 67 EP - 80 VL - 16 IS - 1 SN - 1092-8758, 1092-8758 KW - MEPAS KW - MMSOILS KW - RESRAD KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Pore water KW - Contamination KW - Environmental health KW - Risk assessment KW - Pollution dispersion KW - Uranium KW - Decay KW - Mathematical models KW - Velocity KW - Radioactive pollution KW - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety KW - P 8000:RADIATION KW - R2 23010:General: Models, forecasting UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17193512?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Engineering+Science&rft.atitle=Benchmarking+of+the+Saturated-Zone+Module+Associated+with+Three+Risk+Assessment+Models%3A+RESRAD%2C+MMSOILS%2C+and+MEPAS&rft.au=Whelan%2C+G%3BMcDonald%2C+J+P%3BGnanapragasam%2C+E+K%3BLaniak%2C+G+F%3BLew%2C+C+S%3BMills%2C+W+B%3BYu%2C+C&rft.aulast=Whelan&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1999-02-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=67&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Engineering+Science&rft.issn=10928758&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Radioactive pollution; Pore water; Pollution dispersion; Contamination; Risk assessment; Mathematical models; Environmental health; Decay; Velocity; Uranium ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of 60 Hz magnetic field exposure on the pineal and hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis in the Siberian hamster (Phodopus sungorus). AN - 69735118; 10230936 AB - Experiments using the dwarf Siberian hamster Phodopus sungorus were carried out to determine possible neuroendocrine consequences of one-time and repeated exposures to 60 Hz magnetic fields (MF). Animals were maintained in either a short-light (SL, 8 h light:16 h dark) or long-light (LL, 16 h light:8 h dark) photoperiod. Acute (one-time, 15 min) exposure of male SL animals to a linearly polarized, horizontally oriented, 60 Hz MF (0.1 mT) gave rise to a statistically significant (P < .005) reduction in pineal melatonin content as determined 3 and 5 h after onset of darkness. In LL animals, acute exposure to 0.10 mT resulted in a significant decrease in pineal melatonin as measured 4 h after onset of darkness, whereas acute exposure to 50 microT showed no effect compared with sham exposure. In SL animals, an increase in norepinephrine was observed in the medial basal hypothalamus (including the suprachiasmatic nucleus) after acute exposure (P < .01). Daily MF exposure of SL animals to a combination of steady-state and on/off 60 Hz magnetic fields (intermittent exposure) at 0.1 mT for 1 h per day for 16 days was associated with a reduction in melatonin concentrations at 4 h after onset of darkness and an increase in blood prolactin concentrations (P < .05). Exposure of SL animals to a steady state 60 Hz MF for 3 h/day for 42 days resulted in a statistically significant reduction in body weight (ANOVA: P > .05), compared with sham-exposed SL animals. At 42 days, however, no significant changes in overnight melatonin or prolactin levels were detected. In both repeated exposure experiments, gonadal weights were lowest in the MF-exposed groups. This difference was statistically significant (P < .05) after 42 days of exposure. These data indicate that both one-time and repeated exposure to a 0.1 mT, 60 Hz MF can give rise to neuroendocrine responses in Phodopus. JF - Bioelectromagnetics AU - Wilson, B W AU - Matt, K S AU - Morris, J E AU - Sasser, L B AU - Miller, D L AU - Anderson, L E AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA. bw_wilson@pnl.gov Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 SP - 224 EP - 232 VL - 20 IS - 4 SN - 0197-8462, 0197-8462 KW - Adrenergic alpha-Agonists KW - 0 KW - Prolactin KW - 9002-62-4 KW - Melatonin KW - JL5DK93RCL KW - Norepinephrine KW - X4W3ENH1CV KW - Index Medicus KW - Spleen -- anatomy & histology KW - Phodopus KW - Darkness KW - Suprachiasmatic Nucleus -- chemistry KW - Animals KW - Prolactin -- blood KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Photoperiod KW - Seminal Vesicles -- anatomy & histology KW - Adrenergic alpha-Agonists -- analysis KW - Organ Size KW - Melatonin -- analysis KW - Norepinephrine -- analysis KW - Body Weight KW - Thymus Gland -- anatomy & histology KW - Hypothalamus -- chemistry KW - Light KW - Neurosecretory Systems -- physiology KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Cricetinae KW - Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System -- physiology KW - Testis -- physiology KW - Testis -- anatomy & histology KW - Magnetics KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Pineal Gland -- chemistry KW - Pineal Gland -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/69735118?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioelectromagnetics&rft.atitle=Effects+of+60+Hz+magnetic+field+exposure+on+the+pineal+and+hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal+axis+in+the+Siberian+hamster+%28Phodopus+sungorus%29.&rft.au=Wilson%2C+B+W%3BMatt%2C+K+S%3BMorris%2C+J+E%3BSasser%2C+L+B%3BMiller%2C+D+L%3BAnderson%2C+L+E&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=224&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioelectromagnetics&rft.issn=01978462&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1999-06-17 N1 - Date created - 1999-06-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating the standard free energy of formation of zeolites using the polymer model AN - 52462793; 1999-044952 JF - Microporous and Mesoporous Materials. Zeolites, Clays, Carbons and Related Materials AU - Mattigod, S V AU - McGrail, B P Y1 - 1999/01// PY - 1999 DA - January 1999 SP - 41 EP - 47 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 27 IS - 1 SN - 1387-1811, 1387-1811 KW - silicates KW - experimental studies KW - cation exchange capacity KW - smectite KW - free energy KW - variations KW - clay minerals KW - models KW - laboratory studies KW - zeolite group KW - sheet silicates KW - framework silicates KW - thermodynamic properties KW - mass transfer KW - polymers KW - geochemistry KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52462793?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Microporous+and+Mesoporous+Materials.+Zeolites%2C+Clays%2C+Carbons+and+Related+Materials&rft.atitle=Estimating+the+standard+free+energy+of+formation+of+zeolites+using+the+polymer+model&rft.au=Mattigod%2C+S+V%3BMcGrail%2C+B+P&rft.aulast=Mattigod&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=41&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Microporous+and+Mesoporous+Materials.+Zeolites%2C+Clays%2C+Carbons+and+Related+Materials&rft.issn=13871811&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - Document feature - 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cation exchange capacity; clay minerals; experimental studies; framework silicates; free energy; geochemistry; laboratory studies; mass transfer; models; polymers; sheet silicates; silicates; smectite; thermodynamic properties; variations; zeolite group ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The 1997 remote sensing mission to Kazakhstan AN - 52455472; 1999-051340 JF - Proceedings of the Thematic Conference on Geologic Remote Sensing AU - Steinmaus, Karen AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 SP - 552 PB - Environmental Research Institute of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI VL - 13 IS - 1 SN - 1067-0106, 1067-0106 KW - mineral exploration KW - AMPS KW - Eastern Kazakhstan KW - Central Asia KW - progress report KW - Commonwealth of Independent States KW - expeditions KW - report KW - multisensors KW - Kazakhstan KW - Asia KW - land use KW - remote sensing KW - airborne methods KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52455472?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Thematic+Conference+on+Geologic+Remote+Sensing&rft.atitle=The+1997+remote+sensing+mission+to+Kazakhstan&rft.au=Steinmaus%2C+Karen%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Steinmaus&rft.aufirst=Karen&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=552&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Thematic+Conference+on+Geologic+Remote+Sensing&rft.issn=10670106&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Thirteenth international conference on Applied geologic remote sensing N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - airborne methods; AMPS; Asia; Central Asia; Commonwealth of Independent States; Eastern Kazakhstan; expeditions; Kazakhstan; land use; mineral exploration; multisensors; progress report; remote sensing; report ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Global change; state of the science AN - 52368190; 2000-033828 JF - Environmental Pollution (1987) AU - Wuebbles, D J AU - Jain, A AU - Edmonds, J AU - Harvey, D AU - Hayhoe, K A2 - Fuhrer, J. A2 - Lodge, J. P., Jr. A2 - Pierson, W. R. A2 - Bell, N. B. Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 SP - 57 EP - 86 PB - Elsevier, Barking VL - 100 IS - 1-3 SN - 0269-7491, 0269-7491 KW - climatic controls KW - halogens KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - global change KW - ecosystems KW - combustion KW - climate change KW - fossil fuels KW - carbon dioxide KW - ozone KW - stratosphere KW - energy sources KW - chloride ion KW - trend-surface analysis KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - greenhouse effect KW - depletion KW - global warming KW - chlorine KW - concentration KW - monitoring KW - methane KW - statistical analysis KW - nitrous oxide KW - pollution KW - atmosphere KW - alkanes KW - petroleum products KW - bromine KW - research KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - theoretical models KW - policy KW - review KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52368190?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Pollution+%281987%29&rft.atitle=Global+change%3B+state+of+the+science&rft.au=Wuebbles%2C+D+J%3BJain%2C+A%3BEdmonds%2C+J%3BHarvey%2C+D%3BHayhoe%2C+K&rft.aulast=Wuebbles&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=100&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=57&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Pollution+%281987%29&rft.issn=02697491&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/02697491 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - First international symposium; Issues in environmental pollution, IEP'98; the state and use of science and predictive models N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 120 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ENVPAF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; atmosphere; bromine; carbon dioxide; chloride ion; chlorine; climate change; climatic controls; combustion; concentration; depletion; ecosystems; energy sources; fossil fuels; global change; global warming; greenhouse effect; halogenated hydrocarbons; halogens; hydrocarbons; methane; monitoring; nitrous oxide; organic compounds; ozone; petroleum products; policy; pollution; research; review; statistical analysis; stratosphere; theoretical models; trend-surface analysis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A comparison of U(IV) and Hf(IV) solubility in a peralkaline soda lime float glass AN - 52367209; 2000-031091 AB - Varying the degree of alkali enrichment over Al (sub 2) O (sub 3) ("peralkalinity" or P, from 0 to 1) in synthetic glasses profoundly affects the solubility and local environment of high-valence cations such as U, Pu, and Hf. The solubility of high-valence cations increases with peralkalinity. Hafnium solubility has been determined for a wide range of compositions in which the degree of peralkalinity was varied. One composition (NIST SRM 1830; P = 0. 99) was chosen to compare Hf(IV) and U(IV) solubility, while a wide variety are planned to compare Pu(IV) and Hf(IV) solubility. The U oxidation state for SRM 1830 (reducing conditions) was determined as tetravalent by X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Solubility in all glasses was determined by noting the presence of crystals using either XRD or an optical microscope. Crystals of U (sub 3) O (sub 7) (or U (sub 2) O (sub 5) -UO (sub 2) ) precipitated from the U glasses and hafnia (HfO (sub 2) ) precipitated from the Hf glasses. The solubility limit of Hf in SRM 1830 is 9.86 mol% Hf. The solubility limit of U in the same glass, under oxidizing conditions is 6.73 mol% U(IV), and therefore, because we know that higher-valence U is more soluble in glass than lower-valence U, the solubility limit of U(IV) in the reduced SRM 1830 is less than 6.73 mol% and much less than the Hf limit. In the reduced glass, a U(IV)-O bond length of 2.32A and a coordination number of 7 for U(IV) were determined by extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy. In contrast, the average Hf-O bond length in two similar peralkaline glasses is 2.04A (+ or -0.2), with a Hf coordination number of 6. These results indicate that Hf is not a good surrogate for U(IV). An EXAFS analysis of Hf-bearing SRM 1830 may strengthen this conclusion. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Davis, Linda L AU - Li, Hong AU - Caulder, Dana AU - Crum, Jarrod AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 SP - 134 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 31 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - oxidation KW - lime KW - bonding KW - solubility KW - X-ray spectra KW - peralkalic composition KW - hafnium KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - cations KW - uranium KW - spectra KW - actinides KW - synthetic materials KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52367209?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=A+comparison+of+U%28IV%29+and+Hf%28IV%29+solubility+in+a+peralkaline+soda+lime+float+glass&rft.au=Davis%2C+Linda+L%3BLi%2C+Hong%3BCaulder%2C+Dana%3BCrum%2C+Jarrod%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=Linda&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=134&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1999 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; bonding; cations; hafnium; lime; metals; oxidation; peralkalic composition; precipitation; solubility; spectra; synthetic materials; uranium; X-ray diffraction data; X-ray spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Predictive modeling of effects under global change AN - 52365428; 2000-033829 JF - Environmental Pollution (1987) AU - Kickert, R N AU - Tonella, G AU - Simonov, A AU - Krupa, S V A2 - Fuhrer, J. A2 - Lodge, J. P., Jr. A2 - Pierson, W. R. A2 - Bell, N. B. Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 SP - 87 EP - 132 PB - Elsevier, Barking VL - 100 IS - 1-3 SN - 0269-7491, 0269-7491 KW - climatic controls KW - data processing KW - global change KW - ecosystems KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - simulation KW - temperature KW - human ecology KW - uncertainty KW - soils KW - damage KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - decision-making KW - preventive measures KW - biota KW - models KW - computer programs KW - theoretical models KW - risk assessment KW - policy KW - economics KW - water resources KW - land use KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52365428?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Pollution+%281987%29&rft.atitle=Predictive+modeling+of+effects+under+global+change&rft.au=Kickert%2C+R+N%3BTonella%2C+G%3BSimonov%2C+A%3BKrupa%2C+S+V&rft.aulast=Kickert&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=100&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=87&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Pollution+%281987%29&rft.issn=02697491&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/02697491 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - First international symposium; Issues in environmental pollution, IEP'98; the state and use of science and predictive models N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 280 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ENVPAF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmospheric precipitation; biota; climatic controls; computer programs; damage; data processing; decision-making; economics; ecosystems; global change; human ecology; land use; models; policy; pollution; prediction; preventive measures; risk assessment; simulation; soils; temperature; theoretical models; uncertainty; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dissolution kinetics of a borosilicate waste glass by single-pass flow-through (SPFT) experiments; effects of silicon on the reaction affinity term AN - 52346892; 2000-045185 AB - Understanding the long-term corrosion resistance of borosilicate waste glass compositions in subsurface environments is a major goal towards quantifying the release rates of radionuclides into the geosphere. Although a number of experiments have evaluated dissolution rates of vitreous materials at low solute concentrations or as a function of temperature and pH, less research has been accomplished using solutions with variable concentrations of silicon. This is despite the realization that concentrations of Si in the reacting solution impact dissolution rates by increasing the reaction affinity term. A number of investigators have proposed that the reaction affinity term is governed solely by concentrations of Si, whereas others contend that Q/K depends complexly on concentrations of Si, Al, and possibly other constituents. Accordingly, our single-pass flow-through experiments quantify the effect of variable silicon concentration on the dissolution rate of a candidate "immobilized low-activity waste" (ILAW) glass. The solution is pH-buffered to a value of approximately 9, maintained by nitrogen cover gas. At 40 degrees C, the dissolution rate increases with increasing values of q/s (flow-through rate per surface area of glass) and dissolution becomes congruent between 20 and 30 ml/day flow-through rate. Congruent dissolution is marked by the convergence of apparent dissolution rates indexed by B, Al, Na, and K concentrations in the effluent. Incongruent dissolution behavior is exhibited by relatively slow Al (precipitation of aluminous phase) and rapid Na (dissolution plus ionic exchange) apparent dissolution rates compared to that of B. Addition of Si to the input solution decreases the dissolution rate of the glass by a factor of 10X from Q/K values of approximately 0 to 1 (i.e., to saturation with respect to amorphous silica). The decrease in dissolution rate with Si concentration is linear over the conditions studied. This result indicates that the reaction affinity term is dominated by silicon and the concentrations of other components (e. g. , Al, Fe) have little effect. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Icenhower, Jonathan AU - McGrail, B Peter AU - Schaef, H Todd AU - Rodriguez, Elsa A AU - Owens, Antoinette AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 SP - 28 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 31 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - silicates KW - calcium KW - alkaline earth metals KW - experimental studies KW - solutions KW - alkali metals KW - rates KW - sodium KW - solution KW - silicon KW - borosilicates KW - chemical reactions KW - metals KW - aluminum KW - potassium KW - ion exchange KW - kinetics KW - glass materials KW - pH KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52346892?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Dissolution+kinetics+of+a+borosilicate+waste+glass+by+single-pass+flow-through+%28SPFT%29+experiments%3B+effects+of+silicon+on+the+reaction+affinity+term&rft.au=Icenhower%2C+Jonathan%3BMcGrail%2C+B+Peter%3BSchaef%2C+H+Todd%3BRodriguez%2C+Elsa+A%3BOwens%2C+Antoinette%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Icenhower&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=28&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1999 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; alkaline earth metals; aluminum; borosilicates; calcium; chemical reactions; experimental studies; glass materials; ion exchange; kinetics; metals; pH; potassium; rates; silicates; silicon; sodium; solution; solutions ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rapid turnover of microbial indicator species in polluted groundwater during bioremediation AN - 52327716; 2000-056915 JF - Abstracts of Papers - American Chemical Society, National Meeting AU - Brown, Drew C AU - Lowe, Mary L AU - Holley-Shanks, Rhonda AU - Maeder, Dennis AU - Rogers, Yu-Hui AU - Brockman, Fred AU - Robb, Frank T AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 EP - unpaginated PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 218, Part 1 SN - 0065-7727, 0065-7727 KW - detection KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - bioassays KW - techniques KW - hydridization assays KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - microorganisms KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52327716?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+-+American+Chemical+Society%2C+National+Meeting&rft.atitle=Rapid+turnover+of+microbial+indicator+species+in+polluted+groundwater+during+bioremediation&rft.au=Brown%2C+Drew+C%3BLowe%2C+Mary+L%3BHolley-Shanks%2C+Rhonda%3BMaeder%2C+Dennis%3BRogers%2C+Yu-Hui%3BBrockman%2C+Fred%3BRobb%2C+Frank+T%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Drew&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=218%2C+Part+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=9841236852&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+-+American+Chemical+Society%2C+National+Meeting&rft.issn=00657727&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 218th ACS national meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; bioassays; bioremediation; detection; ground water; hydridization assays; microorganisms; pollutants; pollution; remediation; techniques ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessing the environmental availability of uranium in soils and sediments AN - 52327220; 2000-056902 JF - Abstracts of Papers - American Chemical Society, National Meeting AU - Amonette, J E AU - Holdren, G R AU - Krupka, K M AU - Lindenmeier, C W AU - Amonette, A B AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 EP - unpaginated PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 218, Part 1 SN - 0065-7727, 0065-7727 KW - soils KW - concentration KW - detection KW - metals KW - sediments KW - pollution KW - risk assessment KW - uranium KW - aqueous solutions KW - kinetics KW - actinides KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52327220?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+-+American+Chemical+Society%2C+National+Meeting&rft.atitle=Assessing+the+environmental+availability+of+uranium+in+soils+and+sediments&rft.au=Amonette%2C+J+E%3BHoldren%2C+G+R%3BKrupka%2C+K+M%3BLindenmeier%2C+C+W%3BAmonette%2C+A+B%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Amonette&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=218%2C+Part+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=9841236852&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+-+American+Chemical+Society%2C+National+Meeting&rft.issn=00657727&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 218th ACS national meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; aqueous solutions; concentration; detection; kinetics; metals; pollution; risk assessment; sediments; soils; uranium ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nuclear waste generation, storage, release at the Hanford Site, Washington AN - 52325858; 2000-056888 JF - Abstracts of Papers - American Chemical Society, National Meeting AU - Gephart, Roy AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 EP - unpaginaged PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 218, Part 1 SN - 0065-7727, 0065-7727 KW - United States KW - soils KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - leaking underground storage tanks KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - Columbia River KW - Hanford Site KW - decision-making KW - chemical waste KW - environmental analysis KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - waste management KW - policy KW - waste disposal KW - discharge KW - storage KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52325858?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+-+American+Chemical+Society%2C+National+Meeting&rft.atitle=Nuclear+waste+generation%2C+storage%2C+release+at+the+Hanford+Site%2C+Washington&rft.au=Gephart%2C+Roy%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gephart&rft.aufirst=Roy&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=218%2C+Part+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=9841236852&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+-+American+Chemical+Society%2C+National+Meeting&rft.issn=00657727&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 218th ACS national meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; chemical waste; Columbia River; decision-making; discharge; environmental analysis; ground water; Hanford Site; leaking underground storage tanks; monitoring; policy; radioactive waste; soils; storage; United States; Washington; waste disposal; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geology and thermal history of the Pliocene Cerro Negro volcanic neck and adjacent Cretaceous sedimentary rocks, west-central New Mexico AN - 52299271; 2000-073189 AB - Two vertical and two angled boreholes were drilled through a Cretaceous-Jurassic section of shale and sandstone adjacent to the Pliocene Cerro Negro necks. One hundred fifty-seven meters of vertical and 575 m of angled core have been recovered, logged, and sampled to establish the section's sedimentologic, depositional, fracture, and thermal characteristics. Detailed core logging from ground surface to the top of the Brushy Basin Member of the Morrison Formation (Jurassic) generally supports published interpretations of depositional environments for this section. Geologic mapping at a scale of 1:2500 identifies a linear array of intrusive features that are roughly parallel to a regional NNE fracture/fault trend. Indirect evidence from drilling suggests the subsurface geometry of the Cerro Negro necks to be unlike the surface expression; additional drilling and geophysical studies will be necessary to map accurately the subsurface geometry. Fracture mapping in surface outcrop and core indicate two dominant, steeply dipping fracture trends, NNE, and a second roughly perpendicular trend of ESE. Although the Cerro Negro necks were not intersected in the angle holes, vitrinite data suggest a thermal aureole associated with the Cerro Negro intrusions of sufficient heat (<125 degrees C) to sterilize local rocks in an approximate 50-m radius. JF - Guidebook - New Mexico Geological Society AU - Hallett, R Bruce AU - Long, Philip E AU - Lorenz, John AU - Bjornstad, Bruce A2 - Pazzaglia, Frank J. A2 - Lucas, Spencer G. Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 SP - 235 EP - 246 PB - New Mexico Geological Society, Socorro, NM VL - 50 SN - 0077-8567, 0077-8567 KW - New Mexico KW - thermal history KW - burial diagenesis KW - volcanic features KW - sedimentary rocks KW - folds KW - siltstone KW - Cibola County New Mexico KW - macerals KW - sedimentary structures KW - faults KW - P-T conditions KW - mudstone KW - Brushy Basin Shale Member KW - shale KW - Tertiary KW - intrusions KW - dikes KW - diagenesis KW - surveys KW - west-central New Mexico KW - clastic rocks KW - United States KW - geophysical surveys KW - Cretaceous KW - vitrinite KW - sandstone KW - thermal regime KW - cores KW - Cerro Negro volcanic neck KW - Cenozoic KW - bedding KW - fractures KW - Morrison Formation KW - tectonics KW - Colorado Plateau KW - Upper Jurassic KW - Jurassic KW - high-energy environment KW - Mesozoic KW - planar bedding structures KW - optical properties KW - boreholes KW - Neogene KW - Pliocene KW - volcanic necks KW - reflectance KW - fluvial environment KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52299271?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Guidebook+-+New+Mexico+Geological+Society&rft.atitle=Geology+and+thermal+history+of+the+Pliocene+Cerro+Negro+volcanic+neck+and+adjacent+Cretaceous+sedimentary+rocks%2C+west-central+New+Mexico&rft.au=Hallett%2C+R+Bruce%3BLong%2C+Philip+E%3BLorenz%2C+John%3BBjornstad%2C+Bruce&rft.aulast=Hallett&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=&rft.spage=235&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Guidebook+-+New+Mexico+Geological+Society&rft.issn=00778567&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - New Mexico Geological Society fiftieth annual field conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 52 N1 - PubXState - NM N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. strat. col., 1 table, geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - NMGGA5 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bedding; boreholes; Brushy Basin Shale Member; burial diagenesis; Cenozoic; Cerro Negro volcanic neck; Cibola County New Mexico; clastic rocks; Colorado Plateau; cores; Cretaceous; diagenesis; dikes; faults; fluvial environment; folds; fractures; geophysical surveys; high-energy environment; intrusions; Jurassic; macerals; Mesozoic; Morrison Formation; mudstone; Neogene; New Mexico; optical properties; P-T conditions; planar bedding structures; Pliocene; reflectance; sandstone; sedimentary rocks; sedimentary structures; shale; siltstone; surveys; tectonics; Tertiary; thermal history; thermal regime; United States; Upper Jurassic; vitrinite; volcanic features; volcanic necks; west-central New Mexico ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multiscale recharge estimation for vadose zone and groundwater contaminant transport calculations AN - 52277842; 2001-006937 AB - The US Department of Energy operated nuclear material production facilities from the 1940s to the 1980s at the Hanford Site in south-central Washington. The production mission resulted in more than 1,000 contaminated sites distributed within an area covering 756 square kilometers. The current mission, which is to clean up the contaminated sites, requires estimates of recharge rates, both now and in the future. Our objective was to estimate local and regional recharge rates that will be used to calculate contaminant transport rates in the vadose zone and groundwater to assess risks and prioritize remediation efforts. Local and regional recharge processes at Hanford include diffuse natural recharge (drainage below the evaporative zone), focused recharge (runoff events), streamflow and runoff from higher elevations, artificial recharge (wastewater disposal; stormwater), and increased recharge caused by human disturbances of the natural ecosystem. Recharge rates were estimated for these various processes using lysimetry, water balance monitoring, tracers, and numerical modeling. Supporting data included soil, vegetation, and surface and water table elevation maps. Potential future climate states were derived from pollen records spanning the last 100,000 years. With the cessation of most wastewater discharges, natural recharge is reemerging as the primary factor determining groundwater movement. Estimated recharge rates in the natural ecosystem ranged from less than 0.1 to 4.2 mm/yr. In disturbed areas, rates were as high as 100 mm/yr. Geo-engineered features, such as surface covers on waste sites, reduced recharge to less than 0.1 mm/yr. Recharge from upper elevations amounted to roughly the same volume of water as recharge from natural and disturbed ecosystems. A geographic information system linked all recharge estimates and provided the upper boundary condition for the groundwater modeling system. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Fayer, M J AU - Wigmosta, M S AU - Nichols, W E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 SP - 87 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 31 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - waste water KW - altitude KW - unsaturated zone KW - ecosystems KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - geographic information systems KW - transport KW - tracers KW - hydrology KW - Washington KW - human activity KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - rates KW - south-central Washington KW - boundary conditions KW - models KW - history KW - recharge KW - streamflow KW - runoff KW - information systems KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52277842?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Multiscale+recharge+estimation+for+vadose+zone+and+groundwater+contaminant+transport+calculations&rft.au=Fayer%2C+M+J%3BWigmosta%2C+M+S%3BNichols%2C+W+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Fayer&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=87&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1999 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - altitude; boundary conditions; ecosystems; geographic information systems; ground water; Hanford Site; history; human activity; hydrology; information systems; models; pollution; rates; recharge; remediation; runoff; south-central Washington; streamflow; tracers; transport; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington; waste water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The partitioning tracer method for the in situ measurement of DNAPL saturation; influence of heterogeneity and sampling method AN - 52268340; 2001-013172 AB - The purpose of this work is to examine the effect of porous-media heterogeneity, nonuniform distribution of dense nonaqueous phase liquid (DNAPL), and sampling method on the performance of the partitioning tracer method for measuring DNAPL saturation in water-saturated subsurface systems. Experiments were conducted in an intermediate-scale flow cell containing two discrete zones of trichloroethene (TCE) at residual saturation. One zone (Zone 2) consisted of approximately 10% saturation formed in the same sand as used for the flow-cell matrix. The other zone (Zone 1) consisted of approximately 10% saturation in a finer sand emplaced within the coarser matrix. Aqueous samples were collected using depth-specific sampling, vertically integrated sampling, and at the extraction well. A dual-energy gamma radiation system was used to measure TCE saturation before and after the tracer experiment, allowing the measurements obtained from the tracer experiment to be compared to a previously tested method. The saturations estimated using the data collected at point-sampling ports located downgradient of Zones 1 and 2 were approximately 7% and 50% of the true values, respectively. The saturations estimated using the data obtained from the vertically-integrated ports were 2% and 0% of the true values, respectively. Finally, the saturation estimated using the extraction-well data was 30% of the cell-wide averaged value. These results indicate that the presence of porous-media heterogeneity and a variable distribution of DNAPL saturation can lead to reduced accuracy of the partitioning tracer test. The reduced performance can be improved, in part, by using depth-specific sampling. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Nelson, Nicole T AU - Oostrom, Mart AU - Wietsma, Tom W AU - Brusseau, Mark L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 SP - 217 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 31 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - methods KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - experimental studies KW - in situ KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - dense nonaqueous phase liquids KW - measurement KW - ground water KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - spatial distribution KW - partitioning KW - organic compounds KW - saturation KW - sampling KW - tracers KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - testing KW - trichloroethylene KW - heterogeneity KW - water wells KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52268340?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=The+partitioning+tracer+method+for+the+in+situ+measurement+of+DNAPL+saturation%3B+influence+of+heterogeneity+and+sampling+method&rft.au=Nelson%2C+Nicole+T%3BOostrom%2C+Mart%3BWietsma%2C+Tom+W%3BBrusseau%2C+Mark+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Nelson&rft.aufirst=Nicole&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=217&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1999 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chlorinated hydrocarbons; dense nonaqueous phase liquids; experimental studies; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; heterogeneity; in situ; measurement; methods; nonaqueous phase liquids; organic compounds; partitioning; pollution; porous materials; sampling; saturation; spatial distribution; testing; tracers; trichloroethylene; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Laboratory evaluation of surface-catalyzed reaction mechanisms in the H (sub 2) S-O (sub 2) -Cr(VI)-sediment system AN - 52261863; 2001-015064 AB - Hydrogen sulfide is a potent reducing agent in the natural environment and is important in geochemical processes controlling the mobility of transition metals and certain radionuclides. Thus, diluted hydrogen sulfide may find application in the in-situ remediation of contaminated soils as a stabilization technology. However, elucidation of reaction mechanisms and associated kinetics are needed to increase our understanding of the interaction of hydrogen sulfide with sediments and associated metals.Past work has focused on the immobilization of Cr(VI) in soils by exposure to hydrogen sulfide. Results of short-term small soil-column tests indicate that Cr(VI) is readily and quickly reduced to Cr(III) by interaction with diluted hydrogen sulfide gas and is subsequently immobilized as Cr(III) hydroxide. This reaction appears to be strongly catalyzed by soil mineral surfaces. Larger scale soil-column experiments of several months duration have also recently been conducted with H (sub 2) S/N (sub 2) and H (sub 2) S/air mixtures to identify the reactions involved during exposure of sediments to hydrogen sulfide and the kinetics associated with these reactions. Results of these tests suggest that iron oxide phases in soil catalyze the redox reaction between H (sub 2) S and O (sub 2) by acting as an electron transfer intermediate, thereby reducing the half-life of H (sub 2) S from hours in the H (sub 2) S/air system to minutes in the H (sub 2) S/air/sediment system. The primary sulfur products of these interactions are sulfate, elemental sulfur, and possibly iron sulfide. Data from these tests have been utilized to develop a simple reaction and transport model that reflects the scale dependencies generated by competing and coupled redox reactions operating at significantly different rates.Future work is planned to further increase our conceptual understanding of metal oxidation-reduction and precipitation processes occurring during H (sub 2) S-sediment interaction. In particular, emphasis will be placed on defining catalytic effects associated with mineral surfaces and the role of coupled reactions on metal fate and transport in the natural environment. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Thornton, Edward C AU - Cantrell, Kirk J AU - Olsen, Khris B AU - Amonette, James E AU - Yabusaki, Steven B AU - Deng, Baolin AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 SP - 224 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 31 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - soils KW - processes KW - experimental studies KW - isotopes KW - oxidation KW - pollution KW - mechanism KW - hydrogen sulfide KW - evaluation KW - controls KW - radioactive isotopes KW - catalysis KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - sediments KW - testing KW - reduction KW - mobility KW - kinetics KW - chromium KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52261863?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Laboratory+evaluation+of+surface-catalyzed+reaction+mechanisms+in+the+H+%28sub+2%29+S-O+%28sub+2%29+-Cr%28VI%29-sediment+system&rft.au=Thornton%2C+Edward+C%3BCantrell%2C+Kirk+J%3BOlsen%2C+Khris+B%3BAmonette%2C+James+E%3BYabusaki%2C+Steven+B%3BDeng%2C+Baolin%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Thornton&rft.aufirst=Edward&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=224&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1999 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - catalysis; chemical reactions; chromium; controls; evaluation; experimental studies; hydrogen sulfide; isotopes; kinetics; mechanism; metals; mobility; oxidation; pollution; precipitation; processes; radioactive isotopes; reduction; sediments; soils; testing; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Production of O (sub 2) on icy satellites by electronic excitation of low-temperature water ice AN - 52234467; 2001-037465 AB - O (sub 2) has been reported in measurements of the Jovian moons Ganymede and Europa. We report laboratory measurements of the threshold energy, cross section, and temperature dependence of O (sub 2) production by electronic excitation of ice in vacuum. JF - Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference AU - Orlando, Thomas M AU - Sieger, M T AU - Simpson, W C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 EP - abstr. no. 1394 PB - Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX VL - 30 KW - water KW - methods KW - solar system KW - icy satellites KW - experimental studies KW - irradiation KW - Europa Satellite KW - Jupiter KW - Ganymede Satellite KW - atmosphere KW - mass spectroscopy KW - Galilean satellites KW - simulation KW - temperature KW - measurement KW - giant planets KW - carbon dioxide KW - planets KW - ice KW - outer planets KW - satellites KW - spectroscopy KW - electrons KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52234467?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Production+of+O+%28sub+2%29+on+icy+satellites+by+electronic+excitation+of+low-temperature+water+ice&rft.au=Orlando%2C+Thomas+M%3BSieger%2C+M+T%3BSimpson%2C+W+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Orlando&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Thirtieth lunar and planetary science conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX, United States N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #02179 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmosphere; carbon dioxide; electrons; Europa Satellite; experimental studies; Galilean satellites; Ganymede Satellite; giant planets; ice; icy satellites; irradiation; Jupiter; mass spectroscopy; measurement; methods; outer planets; planets; satellites; simulation; solar system; spectroscopy; temperature; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Properties of hydrated salts including under Europa conditions AN - 52227684; 2001-041617 AB - Laboratory measurements are reported to determine the properties and behavior of hydrated salt minerals including under Europan conditions. These include at low temperatures, for ranges of particle sizes and under electron and ion irradiation. JF - Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference AU - McCord, T B AU - Hansen, G B AU - Orlando, T M AU - Sieger, M AU - Crowley, J K AU - Hibbitts, C A AU - Van Keulen, L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 EP - abstr. no. 1510 PB - Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX VL - 30 KW - hydrates KW - icy satellites KW - irradiation KW - Europa Satellite KW - sulfates KW - Galileo Program KW - grain size KW - analog simulation KW - Jupiter KW - Galilean satellites KW - giant planets KW - epsomite KW - planets KW - laboratory studies KW - hexahydrite KW - mirabilite KW - spectra KW - outer planets KW - satellites KW - reflectance KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52227684?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Properties+of+hydrated+salts+including+under+Europa+conditions&rft.au=McCord%2C+T+B%3BHansen%2C+G+B%3BOrlando%2C+T+M%3BSieger%2C+M%3BCrowley%2C+J+K%3BHibbitts%2C+C+A%3BVan+Keulen%2C+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=McCord&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Thirtieth lunar and planetary science conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX, United States N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #02179 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - analog simulation; epsomite; Europa Satellite; Galilean satellites; Galileo Program; giant planets; grain size; hexahydrite; hydrates; icy satellites; irradiation; Jupiter; laboratory studies; mirabilite; outer planets; planets; reflectance; satellites; spectra; sulfates ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Micro-geoecology; hydrogeological controls on bacterial distributions in the subsurface AN - 52211134; 2001-053968 AB - Field studies indicate that hydrogeological properties play a major role in the distribution of bacteria in the subsurface. At a field site in southeastern Washington, low recharge leads to low moisture and nutrient flux through subsurface sediments. Multiscale sampling of vadose zone sediments of Miocene-Pliocene age sediments at the site was performed using sample sizes that varied over 4 orders of magnitude. Bacterial activity in most small samples was below detection, while detectable activity was present more often in larger samples. The results of those studies suggest that the bacteria are concentrated in isolated microcolonies, separated by barren regions that are vast, relative to the scale of bacteria. Detailed sampling of vadose zone sediments at the site using vertical and horizontal transects showed that microbial activity is concentrated in fine-grained lacustrine silt beds, and that intercalated lacustrine sand beds are nearly barren of microorganisms. Within the lacustrine silt beds, bacterial activity was concentrated in zones having lower permeability. In vadose zones of the arid west, fine-grained sediments have more continuous water films surrounding the sediment grains, allowing easier diffusion of nutrients to the bacteria than is possible in coarser-grained sediment. At a site on the Atlantic Coastal plain with higher recharge, samples were analyzed from a sequence of Pleistocene beach and nearshore sands in the saturated zone. Multiscale sampling showed that bacteria were more widely distributed than at the Washington State site, while detailed transect sampling indicated that bacterial activity was concentrated in coarser sand beds. Fluid and nutrient flux through the coarse-grained sands is greater than in finer-grained sediment. The results from both arid and humid sites suggest that bacterial activity is concentrated in zones where the hydrogeological properties of the sediment permit a higher flux of nutrients to the bacteria. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Murray, Chris AU - Brockman, Fred AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 SP - 483 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 31 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - terrestrial environment KW - moisture KW - unsaturated zone KW - ground water KW - Cenozoic KW - spatial distribution KW - controls KW - sampling KW - sediments KW - ecology KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - sand KW - diffusion KW - Washington KW - Quaternary KW - clastic sediments KW - arid environment KW - grain size KW - properties KW - southeastern Washington KW - Miocene KW - nutrients KW - Tertiary KW - recharge KW - detection KW - Neogene KW - bacteria KW - lacustrine environment KW - Pliocene KW - Pleistocene KW - lake sediments KW - field studies KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52211134?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Micro-geoecology%3B+hydrogeological+controls+on+bacterial+distributions+in+the+subsurface&rft.au=Murray%2C+Chris%3BBrockman%2C+Fred%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Murray&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=483&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1999 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arid environment; Atlantic Coastal Plain; bacteria; Cenozoic; clastic sediments; controls; detection; diffusion; ecology; field studies; grain size; ground water; lacustrine environment; lake sediments; Miocene; moisture; Neogene; nutrients; Pleistocene; Pliocene; properties; Quaternary; recharge; sampling; sand; sediments; southeastern Washington; spatial distribution; terrestrial environment; Tertiary; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Science needs and new technology for soil carbon sequestration AN - 52209025; 2001-056350 JF - Saint Michaels workshop on Carbon sequestration in soils; science, monitoring, and beyond AU - Metting, F Blaine AU - Smith, Jeffrey L AU - Amthor, Jeffrey S A2 - Rosenberg, Norman J. A2 - Izaurralde, R. Cesar A2 - Malone, Elizabeth L. Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH SN - 1574770845 KW - soils KW - technology KW - sequestration KW - global change KW - ecosystems KW - research KW - climate change KW - geochemical cycle KW - carbon dioxide KW - models KW - biotechnology KW - biogenic processes KW - natural resources KW - carbon KW - land management KW - carbon cycle KW - review KW - climate KW - storage KW - soil management KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52209025?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Metting%2C+F+Blaine%3BSmith%2C+Jeffrey+L%3BAmthor%2C+Jeffrey+S&rft.aulast=Metting&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=1574770845&rft.btitle=Science+needs+and+new+technology+for+soil+carbon+sequestration&rft.title=Science+needs+and+new+technology+for+soil+carbon+sequestration&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Saint Michaels workshop on Carbon sequestration in soils; science, monitoring, and beyond N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 109 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - 6 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Followed by commentaries by C. A. Cambardella, N. J. Rosenberg, and W. Schlesinger N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Monitoring and verifying soil organic carbon sequestration AN - 52208058; 2001-056351 JF - Saint Michaels workshop on Carbon sequestration in soils; science, monitoring, and beyond AU - Post, Wilfred M AU - Izaurralde, R Cesar AU - Mann, Linda K AU - Bliss, Norman A2 - Rosenberg, Norman J. A2 - Izaurralde, R. Cesar A2 - Malone, Elizabeth L. Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH SN - 1574770845 KW - soils KW - scale factor KW - methods KW - monitoring KW - sequestration KW - global KW - simulation KW - geochemical cycle KW - models KW - verification KW - quantitative analysis KW - regional KW - carbon KW - carbon cycle KW - synthesis KW - organic carbon KW - review KW - storage KW - remote sensing KW - field studies KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52208058?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Post%2C+Wilfred+M%3BIzaurralde%2C+R+Cesar%3BMann%2C+Linda+K%3BBliss%2C+Norman&rft.aulast=Post&rft.aufirst=Wilfred&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=1574770845&rft.btitle=Monitoring+and+verifying+soil+organic+carbon+sequestration&rft.title=Monitoring+and+verifying+soil+organic+carbon+sequestration&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Saint Michaels workshop on Carbon sequestration in soils; science, monitoring, and beyond N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 74 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Followed by commentaries by D. Anderson, C. Campbell, A. Frick, D. Johnson, V. Haarmann, Y. Li, N. Manspeizer, A. Marzouk, H. Mayeux, and S. B. Verma N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Concentrations and distribution of major and selected trace elements in size-density fractionated fly ashes AN - 52107038; 2002-039558 JF - Fourth international conference on the Biogeochemistry of trace elements AU - Mattigod, Shas V AU - Rai, Dhanpat AU - Amonette, J E A2 - Sajwan, Kenneth S. A2 - Alva, Ashok K. A2 - Keefer, Robert F. Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 PB - Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York, NY SN - 0306462885 KW - silicates KW - density KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - silica minerals KW - enrichment KW - combustion KW - volatilization KW - orthosilicates KW - mullite KW - framework silicates KW - trace elements KW - geochemistry KW - concentration KW - chemical analysis KW - condensation KW - matrix KW - grain size KW - distribution KW - solid phase KW - nesosilicates KW - ash KW - quartz KW - SEM data KW - particles KW - chemical fractionation KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52107038?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Mattigod%2C+Shas+V%3BRai%2C+Dhanpat%3BAmonette%2C+J+E&rft.aulast=Mattigod&rft.aufirst=Shas&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0306462885&rft.btitle=Concentrations+and+distribution+of+major+and+selected+trace+elements+in+size-density+fractionated+fly+ashes&rft.title=Concentrations+and+distribution+of+major+and+selected+trace+elements+in+size-density+fractionated+fly+ashes&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international conference on the Biogeochemistry of trace elements N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables, block diags. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Innovations in two-phase measurements of hydraulic properties AN - 52096887; 2002-050287 JF - Characterization and measurement of the hydraulic properties of unsaturated porous media AU - Gee, G W AU - Ward, A L A2 - van Genuchten, M. T. A2 - Leij, F. J. A2 - Wu, L. Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 PB - University of California at Riverside, Riverside, CA KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - electrical conductivity KW - hydraulics KW - ground-penetrating radar KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - radar methods KW - evapotranspiration KW - measurement KW - dynamics KW - tensiometers KW - water content KW - time domain reflectometry KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52096887?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Gee%2C+G+W%3BWard%2C+A+L&rft.aulast=Gee&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Innovations+in+two-phase+measurements+of+hydraulic+properties&rft.title=Innovations+in+two-phase+measurements+of+hydraulic+properties&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Characterization and measurement of the hydraulic properties of unsaturated porous media N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 92 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Determination of capillary pressure-saturation-permeability relations for nonwetting fluids in water wet porous media AN - 52095958; 2002-050284 JF - Characterization and measurement of the hydraulic properties of unsaturated porous media AU - Dane, J H AU - Hofstee, C AU - Oostrom, M AU - Liu, H H AU - Corey, A T A2 - van Genuchten, M. T. A2 - Leij, F. J. A2 - Wu, L. Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 PB - University of California at Riverside, Riverside, CA KW - soil mechanics KW - hydraulics KW - capillary pressure KW - viscosity KW - saturation KW - porous materials KW - permeability KW - measurement KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52095958?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Dane%2C+J+H%3BHofstee%2C+C%3BOostrom%2C+M%3BLiu%2C+H+H%3BCorey%2C+A+T&rft.aulast=Dane&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Determination+of+capillary+pressure-saturation-permeability+relations+for+nonwetting+fluids+in+water+wet+porous+media&rft.title=Determination+of+capillary+pressure-saturation-permeability+relations+for+nonwetting+fluids+in+water+wet+porous+media&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Characterization and measurement of the hydraulic properties of unsaturated porous media N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Modeling relationships among relative permeabilities, fluid saturations, and capillary pressures in mixed-wet porous media; theory AN - 52095809; 2002-050281 JF - Characterization and measurement of the hydraulic properties of unsaturated porous media AU - Lenhard, R J AU - Oostrom, M A2 - van Genuchten, M. T. A2 - Leij, F. J. A2 - Wu, L. Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 PB - University of California at Riverside, Riverside, CA KW - models KW - soil mechanics KW - theoretical studies KW - capillary pressure KW - saturation KW - multiphase flow KW - tortuosity KW - porous materials KW - permeability KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52095809?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Lenhard%2C+R+J%3BOostrom%2C+M&rft.aulast=Lenhard&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Modeling+relationships+among+relative+permeabilities%2C+fluid+saturations%2C+and+capillary+pressures+in+mixed-wet+porous+media%3B+theory&rft.title=Modeling+relationships+among+relative+permeabilities%2C+fluid+saturations%2C+and+capillary+pressures+in+mixed-wet+porous+media%3B+theory&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Characterization and measurement of the hydraulic properties of unsaturated porous media N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Modeling relations among relative permeabilities, fluid saturations, and capillary pressure in mixed wet porous media; model testing and application to oil-water systems AN - 52095228; 2002-050282 JF - Characterization and measurement of the hydraulic properties of unsaturated porous media AU - Oostrom, M AU - Lenhard, R J AU - Delshad, M AU - Robertson, S D A2 - van Genuchten, M. T. A2 - Leij, F. J. A2 - Wu, L. Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 PB - University of California at Riverside, Riverside, CA KW - models KW - imbibition KW - soil mechanics KW - capillary pressure KW - saturation KW - numerical analysis KW - drainage KW - porous materials KW - oil-water interface KW - simulation KW - permeability KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52095228?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Oostrom%2C+M%3BLenhard%2C+R+J%3BDelshad%2C+M%3BRobertson%2C+S+D&rft.aulast=Oostrom&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Modeling+relations+among+relative+permeabilities%2C+fluid+saturations%2C+and+capillary+pressure+in+mixed+wet+porous+media%3B+model+testing+and+application+to+oil-water+systems&rft.title=Modeling+relations+among+relative+permeabilities%2C+fluid+saturations%2C+and+capillary+pressure+in+mixed+wet+porous+media%3B+model+testing+and+application+to+oil-water+systems&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Characterization and measurement of the hydraulic properties of unsaturated porous media N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Characterization of soil hydraulic parameter uncertainty AN - 52086171; 2002-053254 JF - Characterization and measurement of the hydraulic properties of unsaturated porous media AU - Meyer, P D AU - Gee, G W AU - Rockhold, M L AU - Schaap, M G A2 - van Genuchten, M. T. A2 - Leij, F. J. A2 - Wu, L. Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 PB - University of California at Riverside, Riverside, CA KW - soils KW - hydraulics KW - bulk density KW - Bayesian analysis KW - pollutants KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - characterization KW - pollution KW - models KW - transport KW - water content KW - neural networks KW - 25:Soils KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52086171?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Meyer%2C+P+D%3BGee%2C+G+W%3BRockhold%2C+M+L%3BSchaap%2C+M+G&rft.aulast=Meyer&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Characterization+of+soil+hydraulic+parameter+uncertainty&rft.title=Characterization+of+soil+hydraulic+parameter+uncertainty&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Characterization and measurement of the hydraulic properties of unsaturated porous media N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Conditional simulation and upscaling of soil hydraulic properties AN - 52084104; 2002-053250 JF - Characterization and measurement of the hydraulic properties of unsaturated porous media AU - Rockhold, M L AU - Murray, C J AU - Fayer, M J A2 - van Genuchten, M. T. A2 - Leij, F. J. A2 - Wu, L. Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 PB - University of California at Riverside, Riverside, CA KW - United States KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - hydraulics KW - numerical models KW - variance analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - unsaturated zone KW - properties KW - simulation KW - southeastern Washington KW - porosity KW - ground water KW - variograms KW - transport KW - saturation KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - water wells KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52084104?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Rockhold%2C+M+L%3BMurray%2C+C+J%3BFayer%2C+M+J&rft.aulast=Rockhold&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Conditional+simulation+and+upscaling+of+soil+hydraulic+properties&rft.title=Conditional+simulation+and+upscaling+of+soil+hydraulic+properties&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Characterization and measurement of the hydraulic properties of unsaturated porous media N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling of deep injection disposal of liquid radioactive wastes on Russia AN - 51880218; 2004-024000 JF - USA/CIS Joint Conference on Environmental Hydrology and Hydrogeology AU - Rybal'chenko, A I AU - Okunkov, G A AU - Kurochkin, V M AU - Foley, M G AU - Hoover, K A A2 - Apps, John A. A2 - Tsang, Chin-Fu Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 SP - 91 PB - American Institute of Hydrology VL - 4 KW - processes KW - Tomsk Russian Federation KW - injection KW - pollution KW - Russian Federation KW - feasibility studies KW - depth KW - radioactive waste KW - models KW - Krasnoyarsk Russian Federation KW - safety KW - Commonwealth of Independent States KW - Dimitrovgrad Russian Federation KW - waste disposal KW - Asia KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51880218?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=USA%2FCIS+Joint+Conference+on+Environmental+Hydrology+and+Hydrogeology&rft.atitle=Modeling+of+deep+injection+disposal+of+liquid+radioactive+wastes+on+Russia&rft.au=Rybal%27chenko%2C+A+I%3BOkunkov%2C+G+A%3BKurochkin%2C+V+M%3BFoley%2C+M+G%3BHoover%2C+K+A&rft.aulast=Rybal%27chenko&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=&rft.spage=91&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=USA%2FCIS+Joint+Conference+on+Environmental+Hydrology+and+Hydrogeology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 1999 annual meeting of the American Institute of Hydrology and Fourth USA/CIS joint conference on Environmental hydrology and hydrogeology N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03842 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; Commonwealth of Independent States; depth; Dimitrovgrad Russian Federation; feasibility studies; injection; Krasnoyarsk Russian Federation; models; pollution; processes; radioactive waste; Russian Federation; safety; Tomsk Russian Federation; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - BIOCHLOR natural attenuation model for chlorinated solvent sites AN - 51853289; 2004-033560 AB - BIOCHLOR is a screening-level natural attenuation model for chlorinated solvent plumes developed for the Air Force Center for Environmental Excellence. Like BIOSCREEN (a screening-level natural attenuation model for petroleum hydrocarbon plumes), BIOCHLOR is programmed in an Excel spreadsheet environment and is based on the Domenico analytical groundwater model. BIOCHLOR permits the reactive transport modeling of up to five chlorinated ethenes or chlorinated ethanes by employing a novel solution scheme. BIOCHLOR accounts for 1-D advection, 3-D dispersion, linear sorption, and reductive dechlorination (modeled as a sequential first order decay process). The software generates centerline concentration profiles and an array output that illustrates the lateral and longitudinal extent of contamination for each species at a given time. BIOCHLOR also permits the user to model the plume in two zones to simulate a plume with mixed behavior. The BIOCHLOR model is intended to be used primarily as a screening-level model to assess whether natural attenuation should be considered for plume management. JF - International In Situ and On-Site Bioremediation Symposium AU - Aziz, Carol E AU - Newell, Charles J AU - Gonzales, James R AU - Haas, Patrick E AU - Clement, T Prabhakar AU - Sun, Yunwei A2 - Alleman, Bruce C. A2 - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 SP - 83 EP - 88 PB - Battelle, [varies] VL - 5 KW - solute transport KW - biodegradation KW - contaminant plumes KW - dehalogenation KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - ground water KW - models KW - organic compounds KW - solvents KW - transport KW - BIOCHLOR KW - dechlorination KW - natural attenuation KW - hydrocarbons KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51853289?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+In+Situ+and+On-Site+Bioremediation+Symposium&rft.atitle=BIOCHLOR+natural+attenuation+model+for+chlorinated+solvent+sites&rft.au=Aziz%2C+Carol+E%3BNewell%2C+Charles+J%3BGonzales%2C+James+R%3BHaas%2C+Patrick+E%3BClement%2C+T+Prabhakar%3BSun%2C+Yunwei&rft.aulast=Aziz&rft.aufirst=Carol&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=83&rft.isbn=1574770748&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+In+Situ+and+On-Site+Bioremediation+Symposium&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifth international in situ and on-site bioremediation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #06248 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; BIOCHLOR; biodegradation; contaminant plumes; dechlorination; dehalogenation; ground water; hydrocarbons; mathematical models; microorganisms; models; natural attenuation; organic compounds; pollution; solute transport; solvents; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling natural attenuation of chlorinated solvent plumes at the Dover Air Force Base area-6 site AN - 51853257; 2004-033551 AB - A multi-dimensional multi-species reactive transport code, RT3D, was used to aid in the analysis of natural attenuation design at the Dover AFB Area-6 site. The RT3D code is a general-purpose numerical solver that can be used to solve any type of reactive transport systems by specifying a system-specific reaction model (Clement, 1997; Clement et al., 1998). In this study, a detailed biochemical reaction model was developed to simulate all aerobic and anaerobic reactions that occur at the Dover AFB site. The reactions were integrated into RT3D and the resulting numerical code was used to simulate the bioreactive transport occurring at the site. Through a model calibration process, field-scale decay rates of PCE/TCE and their degradation products were estimated. The calibrated model successfully recreated the observed distribution of PCE, TCE, DCE, VC and chloride plumes. A detailed sensitivity analysis of the calibrated model was also performed to study the uncertainties associated with the model parameters. The simulation model developed in this work is a useful framework for analyzing chlorinated-solvent natural attenuation data. JF - International In Situ and On-Site Bioremediation Symposium AU - Clement, Prabhakar AU - Johnson, Christian D AU - Sun, Yunwei AU - Klecka, Gary M AU - Bartlett, Craig A2 - Alleman, Bruce C. A2 - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 SP - 29 EP - 34 PB - Battelle, [varies] VL - 5 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - Kent County Delaware KW - contaminant plumes KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - Dover Air Force Base KW - solvents KW - transport KW - sensitivity analysis KW - natural attenuation KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Delaware KW - numerical models KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - bioremediation KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - theoretical models KW - military facilities KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51853257?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+In+Situ+and+On-Site+Bioremediation+Symposium&rft.atitle=Modeling+natural+attenuation+of+chlorinated+solvent+plumes+at+the+Dover+Air+Force+Base+area-6+site&rft.au=Clement%2C+Prabhakar%3BJohnson%2C+Christian+D%3BSun%2C+Yunwei%3BKlecka%2C+Gary+M%3BBartlett%2C+Craig&rft.aulast=Clement&rft.aufirst=Prabhakar&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=29&rft.isbn=1574770748&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+In+Situ+and+On-Site+Bioremediation+Symposium&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifth international in situ and on-site bioremediation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #06248 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; bioremediation; chlorinated hydrocarbons; contaminant plumes; Delaware; Dover Air Force Base; environmental analysis; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; Kent County Delaware; mathematical models; military facilities; natural attenuation; numerical models; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; remediation; sensitivity analysis; solvents; theoretical models; transport; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Groundwater monitoring for the 100-K area fuel-storage basins; July 1996 through April 1998 AN - 51316257; 2008-004813 JF - PNNL (Pacific Northwest National Laboratory) AU - Johnson, V G AU - Chou, C J AU - Hartman, M J AU - Webber, W D Y1 - 1999/01// PY - 1999 DA - January 1999 SP - 123 PB - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA KW - United States KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - water quality KW - Sr-90 KW - contaminant plumes KW - isotopes KW - unsaturated zone KW - observation wells KW - preferential flow KW - environmental analysis KW - ground water KW - Cenozoic KW - Wanapum Basalt KW - radioactive isotopes KW - report KW - alkaline earth metals KW - Washington KW - Columbia River KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - migration of elements KW - Ringold Formation KW - Miocene KW - Saddle Mountains Basalt KW - aquifers KW - Tertiary KW - Neogene KW - metals KW - theoretical models KW - Pliocene KW - nuclear facilities KW - unconsolidated materials KW - strontium KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51316257?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Johnson%2C+V+G%3BChou%2C+C+J%3BHartman%2C+M+J%3BWebber%2C+W+D&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Groundwater+monitoring+for+the+100-K+area+fuel-storage+basins%3B+July+1996+through+April+1998&rft.title=Groundwater+monitoring+for+the+100-K+area+fuel-storage+basins%3B+July+1996+through+April+1998&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.osti.gov/bridge/servlets/purl/2667-qm78mv/webviewable/2667.PDF http://www.pnl.gov/publications/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - PubXState - WA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch maps N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04694 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; Cenozoic; Columbia River; contaminant plumes; environmental analysis; ground water; Hanford Site; isotopes; metals; migration of elements; Miocene; Neogene; nuclear facilities; observation wells; Pliocene; pollution; preferential flow; radioactive isotopes; report; Ringold Formation; Saddle Mountains Basalt; Sr-90; strontium; Tertiary; theoretical models; unconsolidated materials; United States; unsaturated zone; Wanapum Basalt; Washington; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Upper basalt-confined aquifer system in the southern Hanford Site AN - 51316122; 2008-004814 JF - PNNL (Pacific Northwest National Laboratory) AU - Thorne, P Y1 - 1999/01// PY - 1999 DA - January 1999 SP - 18 PB - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA KW - United States KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - volcanic rocks KW - isotopes KW - igneous rocks KW - characterization KW - preferential flow KW - environmental analysis KW - drinking water KW - ground water KW - radioactive isotopes KW - basalts KW - geochemistry KW - Washington KW - confined aquifers KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - migration of elements KW - hydrochemistry KW - aquifers KW - nuclear facilities KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - water resources KW - land use KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51316122?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Thorne%2C+P&rft.aulast=Thorne&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Upper+basalt-confined+aquifer+system+in+the+southern+Hanford+Site&rft.title=Upper+basalt-confined+aquifer+system+in+the+southern+Hanford+Site&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.osti.gov/bridge/servlets/purl/2528-fs6PAS/webviewable/2528.PDF http://www.pnl.gov/publications/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - PubXState - WA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04694 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; basalts; characterization; confined aquifers; drinking water; environmental analysis; geochemistry; ground water; Hanford Site; hydraulic conductivity; hydrochemistry; igneous rocks; isotopes; land use; migration of elements; nuclear facilities; pollution; preferential flow; radioactive isotopes; United States; volcanic rocks; Washington; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analytical solutions for multiple species reactive transport in multiple dimensions AN - 51033926; 1999-022216 AB - Many numerical computer codes used to simulate multi-species reactive transport and biodegradation have been developed in recent years. Such numerical codes must be validated by comparison of the numerical solutions with an analytical solution. In this paper, a method for deriving analytical solutions of the partial differential equations describing multiple species multi-dimensional transport with first-order sequential reactions is presented. Although others have developed specific solutions of multi-species transport equations, here a more general analytical approach, capable of describing any number of reactive species in multiple dimensions is derived. A substitution method is used to transform the multi-species reactive transport problem to one that can be solved using previously published single-species solutions for various initial and boundary conditions. One- and three-dimensional examples are presented to illustrate the steps involved in extending single-species solutions to a four-species system with sequential first-order reactions. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Sun, Y AU - Petersen, J N AU - Clement, T P Y1 - 1999/01// PY - 1999 DA - January 1999 SP - 429 EP - 440 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 35 IS - 4 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - solute transport KW - biodegradation KW - degradation KW - numerical models KW - one-dimensional models KW - mathematical transformations KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - mathematical models KW - adsorption KW - simulation KW - Laplace transformations KW - ground water KW - transport KW - kinetics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51033926?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Analytical+solutions+for+multiple+species+reactive+transport+in+multiple+dimensions&rft.au=Sun%2C+Y%3BPetersen%2C+J+N%3BClement%2C+T+P&rft.aulast=Sun&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=429&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; biodegradation; degradation; ground water; kinetics; Laplace transformations; mathematical models; mathematical transformations; numerical models; one-dimensional models; pollution; porous materials; simulation; solute transport; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Limitations of existing sediment transport models in northwest rivers AN - 50904652; 2001-016963 JF - Technical Publication Series - American Water Resources Association AU - Wicklein, E AU - Papanicolaou, A N AU - Richmond, M A2 - Sakrison, Rodney A2 - Sturtevant, Peter Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 SP - 291 EP - 294 PB - AWRA - American Water Resources Association, Bethesda, MD VL - 99-4 SN - 0731-9789, 0731-9789 KW - United States KW - models KW - water quality KW - programs KW - Washington KW - sediment transport KW - fluvial features KW - water management KW - pollution KW - rivers KW - water resources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50904652?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Technical+Publication+Series+-+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Limitations+of+existing+sediment+transport+models+in+northwest+rivers&rft.au=Wicklein%2C+E%3BPapanicolaou%2C+A+N%3BRichmond%2C+M&rft.aulast=Wicklein&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=99-4&rft.issue=&rft.spage=291&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Technical+Publication+Series+-+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=07319789&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - AWRA's 1999 annual water resources conference; Watershed management to protect declining species N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 12 N1 - PubXState - MD N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - fluvial features; models; pollution; programs; rivers; sediment transport; United States; Washington; water management; water quality; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of analytical solutions for multispecies transport with serial and parallel reactions AN - 50165823; 1999-046390 AB - A direct method for transforming multiple solute transport equations, coupled by linear, series, and/or parallel first-order, irreversible reactions, into a series of simple transport equations having known solutions is developed. Using this method, previously published analytical solutions to single-species transport problems, in which the transported species reacts with first-order kinetics, can be used to derive analytical solutions to multispecies transport systems with parallel, serial, and combined reaction networks. This new method overcomes many of the limitations that were implicit in previously published methods. In particular, the number of species that can be described is unlimited, and the reaction stoichiometry does not have to be unimolar. To illustrate the method, an analytical solution is derived for a five-species serial-parallel reactive transport system. The analytical solution obtained for this problem is compared with a numerical solution obtained with a previously developed code. This analytical method is applicable to the verification of new numerical codes. Copyright 1999 by the American Geophysical Union. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Sun, Y AU - Petersen, J N AU - Clement, T P AU - Skeen, R S Y1 - 1999/01// PY - 1999 DA - January 1999 SP - 185 EP - 190 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 35 IS - 1 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - solute transport KW - networks KW - hydrology KW - computer programs KW - data processing KW - porous materials KW - equations KW - Laplace transformations KW - kinetics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50165823?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Development+of+analytical+solutions+for+multispecies+transport+with+serial+and+parallel+reactions&rft.au=Sun%2C+Y%3BPetersen%2C+J+N%3BClement%2C+T+P%3BSkeen%2C+R+S&rft.aulast=Sun&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=185&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F1998WR900003 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendix N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - computer programs; data processing; equations; hydrology; kinetics; Laplace transformations; networks; porous materials; solute transport DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/1998WR900003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radionuclide sensors based on chemically selective scintillating microspheres renewable column sensor for analysis of 99Tc in water AN - 17687480; 4814493 AB - A method for chemically selective radiometric sensing of non-gamma-emitting radionuclides in solution, using scintillating microspheres with selective radionuclide uptake properties, was developed. The microspheres are loaded onto a renewable minicolumn which captures, preconcentrates and separates the radionuclides. The minicolumn is situated between the 2 photomultiplier tubes of a scintillation counter. Pertechnate-selective scintillating microspheres were prepared by co-immobilization of scintillating fluors (a primary scintillator fluor 2,5-diphenyloxazole and a secondary fluorescence-wavelength-shifting fluor 1,4-bis(2-methylstyrylbenzene) and a selective organic extractant (Aliquat-336) within the pores of an inert acrylic ester polymer support. The sensing material can be regenerated or renewed fluidically. A sensor-based method for the determination of technetium(VII)-99 was developed and applied to the analysis of groundwater samples form the Hanford site. The standard additions method was used for quantification. The detection limit of this sensor was estimated to be 0.37 dpm per ml (9.8 pg per ml) using 50 ml groundwater samples acidified with nitric acid and a signal accumulation time of 30 minutes. This is below the maximal permissible level for technetium-99 in drinking water of 2.0 dpm per ml. There are 56 references. JF - Analytical Chemistry AU - Egorov, O B AU - Fiskum, S K AU - O Hara, MJ AU - Grate, J W AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Wash. Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 SP - 5420 EP - 5429 VL - 71 IS - 23 KW - 4-bis KW - 5-diphenyloxazole KW - Captures KW - Dpm KW - Fluor KW - Fluors KW - Minicolumn KW - Sensor-based KW - Tricaprylyl methyl ammonium chloride KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - Chemicals KW - Columns KW - Water supplies (Potable) KW - Counters KW - Sensors KW - Determination KW - Loading KW - Methods KW - Acrylic acid KW - Photomultiplier KW - Radioactive isotopes (see also Individual names) KW - Signals KW - Water KW - Polymers (see also Polyelectrolytes) KW - Replacement KW - Hanford, Wash. KW - Sensing KW - Nitric acid KW - Acidification KW - Separation (see also Individual processes) KW - Time (see also Period of time) KW - Chemical analysis (see also Individual techniques) KW - Inert KW - Porosity KW - Tubes (see also Pipes) KW - Esters KW - Microspheres KW - USA KW - Regeneration (see also Reactivation) KW - Scintillation counting KW - Radiometry KW - Technetium KW - Analysis KW - Groundwater (see also Aquifers) KW - Uptake KW - Extractant KW - Organic KW - Samples KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17687480?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Radionuclide+sensors+based+on+chemically+selective+scintillating+microspheres+renewable+column+sensor+for+analysis+of+99Tc+in+water&rft.au=Egorov%2C+O+B%3BFiskum%2C+S+K%3BO+Hara%2C+MJ%3BGrate%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Egorov&rft.aufirst=O&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=71&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=5420&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+Chemistry&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Water supplies (Potable); Columns; Chemicals; Sensors; Counters; Loading; Determination; Methods; Acrylic acid; Photomultiplier; Signals; Radioactive isotopes (see also Individual names); Water; Polymers (see also Polyelectrolytes); Replacement; Sensing; Nitric acid; Separation (see also Individual processes); Acidification; Time (see also Period of time); Chemical analysis (see also Individual techniques); Inert; Porosity; Tubes (see also Pipes); Esters; Microspheres; Scintillation counting; Regeneration (see also Reactivation); Technetium; Radiometry; Analysis; Groundwater (see also Aquifers); Uptake; Extractant; Organic; Samples; USA; Hanford, Wash. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simulations of the ENSO Hydroclimate Signals in the Pacific Northwest Columbia River Basin AN - 17411385; 4637934 AB - Natural fluctuations in the atmosphere-ocean system related to the El Nino, Southern Oscillation (ENSO) induce climate variability over many parts of the world that is potentially predictable with lead times from seasons to decades. This study examines the potential of using a model nesting approach to provide seasonal climate and streamflow forecasts suitable for water resources management. Two ensembles of perpetual January simulations were performed with a regional climate model driven by a general circulation model (GCM), using observed climatological sea surface temperature (SST) and the mean SST of the warm ENSO years between 1950 and 1994. The climate simulations were then used to drive a macroscale hydrology model to simulate streamflow. The differences between the two ensembles of simulations are defined as the warm ENSO signals. The simulated hydroclimate signals were compared with observations. The analyses focus on the Columbia River basin in the Pacific Northwest. Results show that the global and regional models simulated a warning over the Pacific Northwest that is quite close to the observations. The models also correctly captured the strong wet signal over California and the weak dry signal over the Pacific Northwest during warm ENSO years. The regional climate model consistently performed better than the GCM in simulating the spatial distribution of regional climate and climate signals. When the climate simulations were used to drive a macroscale hydrology model at the Columbia River basin, the simulated streamflow signal resembles that derived from hydrological simulations driven by observed climate. The streamflow simulations were considerably improved when a simple bias correction scheme was applied to the climate simulations. The coupled regional climate and macroscale hydrologic simulations demonstrate the prospect for generating and utilizing seasonal climate forecasts for managing reservoirs. JF - Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society AU - Leung, L R AU - Hamlet, A F AU - Lettenmaier, D P AU - Kumar, A AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 SP - 2313 EP - 2330 VL - 80 IS - 11 SN - 0003-0007, 0003-0007 KW - Simulation KW - USA, Columbia R. Basin KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - River Basins KW - Hydraulic models KW - Climatic changes KW - USA, Columbia R. KW - Freshwater KW - Water Resources Management KW - ISE, Equatorial Pacific KW - El Nino KW - Hydroclimate KW - Hydrology KW - Forecasting KW - Weather forecasting KW - El Nino phenomena KW - Teleconnections KW - Marine KW - USA, Pacific Northwest KW - Climates KW - Temperature KW - River basins KW - Southern Oscillation KW - Stream flow KW - Surface temperature KW - Reservoir Management KW - Temperature anomalies KW - O 2010:Physical Oceanography KW - SW 0810:General KW - Q2 09244:Air-sea coupling UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17411385?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+the+American+Meteorological+Society&rft.atitle=Simulations+of+the+ENSO+Hydroclimate+Signals+in+the+Pacific+Northwest+Columbia+River+Basin&rft.au=Leung%2C+L+R%3BHamlet%2C+A+F%3BLettenmaier%2C+D+P%3BKumar%2C+A&rft.aulast=Leung&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=2313&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+the+American+Meteorological+Society&rft.issn=00030007&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hydraulic models; Climatic changes; Hydroclimate; Temperature anomalies; Hydrology; River basins; Weather forecasting; Surface temperature; Stream flow; Teleconnections; Southern Oscillation; El Nino phenomena; Reservoir Management; River Basins; El Nino; Climates; Temperature; Forecasting; Water Resources Management; USA, Pacific Northwest; USA, Columbia R.; ISE, Equatorial Pacific; Marine; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimation of radon exposure history for analysis of a residential epidemiological study AN - 17389660; 4602467 AB - Traditional methods for assessing radon exposure in epidemiological studies have used current ambient detector measurements as surrogates for concentrations decades ago in past residences occupied by study subjects. Substantial temporal and spatial variability has been found which challenges the validity of this practice. As an alternative, CR-39 surface monitors were attached to selected glass objects to measure alpha emissions from radon progeny and infer past exposures of subjects. The validity of the use of surface monitors to detect alpha emissions in glass was successfully demonstrated by comparing results of these monitors with pulse ionisation chamber measurements. Subsequently, surface monitor and ambient detector results were compared, and factors such as household smoking and use of windows for measurement were examined. Individually, both the surface monitor and the ambient detector methodologies each gave highly repeatable results (Pearson product-moment correlations of 0.81 and 0.97, respectively), but the consistency between the two technologies was only satisfactory (correlation of 0.53). JF - Radiation Protection Dosimetry AU - Mahaffey, JA AU - Alavanja, MCR AU - Parkhurst, MA AU - Berger, E AU - Brownson, R C AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory PO Box 999, Richland WA 99352, USA Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 SP - 239 EP - 247 VL - 83 IS - 3 SN - 4144-8420, 4144-8420 KW - man KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Pollution monitoring KW - ^a Radiation KW - Houses KW - Radon KW - Epidemiology KW - Residential areas KW - Radiation measurements KW - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety KW - X 24210:Radiation & radioactive materials KW - P 8000:RADIATION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17389660?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+Protection+Dosimetry&rft.atitle=Estimation+of+radon+exposure+history+for+analysis+of+a+residential+epidemiological+study&rft.au=Mahaffey%2C+JA%3BAlavanja%2C+MCR%3BParkhurst%2C+MA%3BBerger%2C+E%3BBrownson%2C+R+C&rft.aulast=Mahaffey&rft.aufirst=JA&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=239&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+Protection+Dosimetry&rft.issn=41448420&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Residential areas; Radiation measurements; Pollution monitoring; Radon; Epidemiology; Houses; ^a Radiation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Twenty-Four-Hour Raman Lidar Water Vapor Measurements during the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program's 1996 and 1997 Water Vapor Intensive Observation Periods AN - 17368424; 4588373 AB - Prior to the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement program's first water vapor intensive observation period (WVIOP) at the Cloud and Radiation Testbed site near Lamont, Oklahoma, an automated 24-h Raman lidar was delivered to the site. This instrument, which makes high-resolution measurements of water vapor both spatially and temporally, is capable of making these measurements with no operator interaction (other than initial start-up) for days at a time. Water vapor measurements collected during the 1996 and 1997 WVIOPs are discussed here, illustrating both the nighttime and daytime capabilities of this system. System characteristics, calibration issues, and techniques are presented. Finally, detailed intercomparisons of the lidar's data with those from a microwave radiometer, radiosondes, an instrumented tower, a chilled mirror flown on both a tethersonde and kite, and measurements from aircraft are shown and discussed, highlighting the accuracy and stability of this system for both nighttime and daytime measurements. JF - Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology AU - Turner, D D AU - Goldsmith, JEM AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 SP - 1062 EP - 1076 PB - American Meteorological Society VL - 16 IS - 8 SN - 0739-0572, 0739-0572 KW - WVIOP KW - lidar KW - USA, Oklahoma KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Performance Evaluation KW - Water Vapor KW - Calibrations KW - Comparison Studies KW - Data Acquisition KW - Measuring Instruments KW - Automation KW - SW 5040:Data acquisition UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17368424?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Atmospheric+and+Oceanic+Technology&rft.atitle=Twenty-Four-Hour+Raman+Lidar+Water+Vapor+Measurements+during+the+Atmospheric+Radiation+Measurement+Program%27s+1996+and+1997+Water+Vapor+Intensive+Observation+Periods&rft.au=Turner%2C+D+D%3BGoldsmith%2C+JEM&rft.aulast=Turner&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1062&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Atmospheric+and+Oceanic+Technology&rft.issn=07390572&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Water Vapor; Measuring Instruments; Automation; Data Acquisition; Calibrations; Comparison Studies; Performance Evaluation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A comparison of simplified methods for routing topographically driven subsurface flow AN - 17275074; 4590125 AB - The relative performance of an explicit grid cell by grid cell approach and a statistical-dynamical method widely used in Topmodel for modeling topographically driven subsurface flow was evaluated using a series of numerical experiments. Both approaches were compared with analytical solutions to the kinematic wave equation for flow down an inclined plane of constant slope. The hillslope discharge and water table profiles simulated by the explicit method were in good agreement with the analytical solution in all test cases. The statistical-dynamical method converged to the correct steady state solution but failed to reproduce accurately transient conditions. The two algorithms were also compared using topography and observed hourly precipitation for the U.S. Department of Agriculture Mahantango, Pennsylvania, research catchment. The percent root-mean-square-difference in hourly discharge between the two methods for a 1 year simulation ranged from 20% to several hundred percent. The agreement in discharge between the two methods was best for deep soils, high surface conductivity, and large values of the power law exponent describing the decay in vertical hydraulic conductivity with depth. "Calibration" of the statistical-dynamical model to discharge simulated by the explicit method was most effective for soils with low power law exponents. However, even in the calibrated cases, there were large discrepancies between local water table depths simulated by the two models. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Wigmosta AU - Lettenmaier, D P AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA Y1 - 1999/01// PY - 1999 DA - Jan 1999 SP - 255 EP - 264 PB - American Geophysical Union VL - 35 IS - 1 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Mountains KW - Permeability coefficient KW - Groundwater movement KW - Elevation KW - Water table profiles KW - Precipitation KW - Slopes KW - Topography KW - SW 0840:Groundwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17275074?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=A+comparison+of+simplified+methods+for+routing+topographically+driven+subsurface+flow&rft.au=Wigmosta%3BLettenmaier%2C+D+P&rft.aulast=Wigmosta&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=255&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mountains; Permeability coefficient; Groundwater movement; Elevation; Water table profiles; Precipitation; Slopes; Topography ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Targeted Mutagenesis by Duplication Insertion in the Radioresistant Bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans: Radiation Sensitivities of Catalase (katA) and Superoxide Dismutase (sodA) Mutants AN - 17150434; 4450151 AB - Deinococcus radiodurans R1 is extremely resistant to both oxidative stress and ionizing radiation. A simple and general targeted mutagenesis method was developed to generate catalase (katA) and superoxide dismutase (sodA) mutants. Both mutants were shown to be more sensitive to ionizing radiation than the wild type. JF - Journal of Bacteriology AU - Markillie, L M AU - Varnum, SMPreston Hradecky AU - Wong, K AD - Molecular Biosciences, P7-56, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, kk.wong@pnl.gov Y1 - 1999/01// PY - 1999 DA - Jan 1999 SP - 666 EP - 669 VL - 181 IS - 2 SN - 0021-9193, 0021-9193 KW - katA gene KW - sodA gene KW - targeted mutagenesis KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - Oxidative stress KW - Superoxide dismutase KW - Ionizing radiation KW - Deinococcus radiodurans KW - Catalase KW - N 14681:Mutagenesis techniques KW - J 02740:Genetics and evolution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17150434?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.atitle=Targeted+Mutagenesis+by+Duplication+Insertion+in+the+Radioresistant+Bacterium+Deinococcus+radiodurans%3A+Radiation+Sensitivities+of+Catalase+%28katA%29+and+Superoxide+Dismutase+%28sodA%29+Mutants&rft.au=Markillie%2C+L+M%3BVarnum%2C+SMPreston+Hradecky%3BWong%2C+K&rft.aulast=Markillie&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=181&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=666&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.issn=00219193&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Deinococcus radiodurans; Ionizing radiation; Catalase; Superoxide dismutase; Oxidative stress ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Separation-optimized sequential injection method for rapid automated analytical separation of strontium-90 in nuclear waste AN - 13672175; S199954367 AB - A sequential injection system for fast automated analytical separations of strontium-90 in nuclear waste samples was developed, based on a separation-optimized fluid handling approach. Strontium-90 was separated on a strontium-selective resin column using weakly acidic solutions of nitric acid saturated with octan-1-ol as eluent. Strontium-90 activity was then determined by on-line radiometric detection or off-line counting of collected fractions. The compositions of the eluents were optimized. Sets of samples were separated in series using automated conditions. Using column switching and automated fraction collection, it was possible to separate a set of 8 samples in just over 1 h. Using on-line detection, the complete analysis of each sample took 22 minutes but yttrium-90 ingrowth corrections were not required and sample handling was minimized. The on-line detection method had a detection limit of 4.17 Bq of strontium-90. The procedures were applied to the analysis of processed nuclear waste samples prepared from vitrified high-level nuclear waste glass and Hanford tank waste supernatant. The results were in good agreement with those obtained using a standard manual method. JF - Analyst (London) AU - Grate, J W AU - Fadeff, S K AU - Egorov, O AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Wash. Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 SP - 203 EP - 210 VL - 124 IS - 2 SN - 0003-2654, 0003-2654 KW - Analysis KW - Columns KW - Online KW - Strontium KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13672175?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analyst+%28London%29&rft.atitle=Separation-optimized+sequential+injection+method+for+rapid+automated+analytical+separation+of+strontium-90+in+nuclear+waste&rft.au=Grate%2C+J+W%3BFadeff%2C+S+K%3BEgorov%2C+O&rft.aulast=Grate&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=124&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=203&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analyst+%28London%29&rft.issn=00032654&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Immobilization or recovery of chlorinated hydrocarbons from contaminated groundwater using clathrate hydrates: a proof-of-concept AN - 13603793; 199904595 AB - The formation was evaluated of solid clathrate hydrates of 4 chlorinated hydrocarbon compounds at atmospheric pressure with melting points above the ambient temperature of most groundwaters. The melting points of clathrate hydrates of carbon tetrachloride and dichloroethylene were between 16-20 and 11-13C, respectively. Trichloroethylene and perchloroethylene could not be formed unless crystallizing seed material was added. Enrichment factors were between 200 and 500 for dichloroethylene and carbon tetrachloride, respectively. The data suggested that the in-situ immobilization or ex-situ recovery of some common hydrophobic groundwater contaminants via clathrate hydrate formation may be possible in a wide range of subsurface environments. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Bontha, J R AU - Kaplan, DI AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Wash. Y1 - 1999 PY - 1999 DA - 1999 SP - 1051 EP - 1055 VL - 33 IS - 7 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Carbon tetrachloride KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13603793?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Immobilization+or+recovery+of+chlorinated+hydrocarbons+from+contaminated+groundwater+using+clathrate+hydrates%3A+a+proof-of-concept&rft.au=Bontha%2C+J+R%3BKaplan%2C+DI&rft.aulast=Bontha&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1051&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A connection between the Lagrangian stochastic-convective and cumulant expansion approaches for describing solute transport in heterogeneous porous media AN - 17249349; 4533270 AB - The equation describing the ensemble-average solute concentration in a heterogeneous porous media can be developed from the Lagrangian (stochastic-convective) approach and from a method that uses a renormalized cumulant expansion. These two approaches are compared for the case of steady flow, and it is shown that they are related. The cumulant expansion approach can be interpreted as a series expansion of the convolution path integral that defines the ensemble-average concentration in the Lagrangian approach. The two methods can be used independently to develop the classical form for the convection-dispersion equation, and are shown to lead to identical transport equations under certain simplifying assumptions. In the development of such transport equations, the cumulant expansion does not require a priori the assumption of any particular distribution for the Lagrangian displacements or velocity field, and does not require one to approximate trajectories with their ensemble-average. In order to obtain a second-order equation, the cumulant expansion method does require truncation of a series, but this truncation is done rationally by the development of a constraint in terms of parameters of the transport field. This constraint is less demanding than requiring that the distribution for the Lagrangian displacements be strictly Gaussian, and it indicates under what velocity field conditions a second-order transport equation is a reasonable approximation. JF - Advances in Water Resources AU - Wood, B D AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA Y1 - 1998/12/11/ PY - 1998 DA - 1998 Dec 11 SP - 319 EP - 332 VL - 22 IS - 4 SN - 0309-1708, 0309-1708 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Solute transport KW - Estimating equations KW - Steady flow KW - Porous media KW - Mathematical analysis KW - SW 0840:Groundwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17249349?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.atitle=A+connection+between+the+Lagrangian+stochastic-convective+and+cumulant+expansion+approaches+for+describing+solute+transport+in+heterogeneous+porous+media&rft.au=Wood%2C+B+D&rft.aulast=Wood&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1998-12-11&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=319&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.issn=03091708&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Solute transport; Estimating equations; Steady flow; Porous media; Mathematical analysis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling surfactant-enhanced nonaqueous-phase liquid remediation of porous media AN - 52516134; 1999-015112 JF - Soil Science AU - White, M D AU - Oostrom, M Y1 - 1998/12// PY - 1998 DA - December 1998 SP - 931 EP - 940 PB - Williams & Wilkins Company, Baltimore, MD VL - 163 IS - 12 SN - 0038-075X, 0038-075X KW - soils KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - sorption KW - STOMP KW - SEAR KW - pollutants KW - unsaturated zone KW - rates KW - porous materials KW - mathematical models KW - tetrachloroethylene KW - dense nonaqueous phase liquids KW - simulation KW - remediation KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - laboratory studies KW - organic compounds KW - chemical reactions KW - isotherms KW - surfactants KW - multiphase flow KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52516134?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science&rft.atitle=Modeling+surfactant-enhanced+nonaqueous-phase+liquid+remediation+of+porous+media&rft.au=White%2C+M+D%3BOostrom%2C+M&rft.aulast=White&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1998-12-01&rft.volume=163&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=931&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science&rft.issn=0038075X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.soilsci.com LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 28 N1 - PubXState - MD N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - SOSCAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical reactions; chlorinated hydrocarbons; dense nonaqueous phase liquids; halogenated hydrocarbons; isotherms; laboratory studies; mathematical models; multiphase flow; nonaqueous phase liquids; organic compounds; pollutants; porous materials; rates; remediation; SEAR; simulation; soils; sorption; STOMP; surfactants; tetrachloroethylene; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bacterial reduction of crystalline Fe (super 3+) oxides in single phase suspensions and subsurface materials AN - 52504505; 1999-018669 AB - Microbiologic reduction of synthetic and geologic Fe (super 3+) oxides associated with four Pleistocene-age, Atlantic coastal plain sediments was investigated using a dissimilatory Fe reducing bacterium (Shewanella putrefaciens, strain CN32) in bicarbonate buffer. Experiments investigated whether phosphate and anthraquinone-2, 6-disulfonate, (AQDS, a humic acid analogue) influenced the extent of crystalline Fe (super 3+) oxide bioreduction and whether crystalline Fe (super 3+) oxides in geologic materials are more or less reducible than comparable synthetic phases. Anaerobic incubations (10 (super 8) organisms/mL) were performed both with and without PO (sub 4) and AQDS that functions as an electron repository and shuttle. The production of Fe (super 2+) (solid and aqueous) was followed with time, as was mineralogy by X-ray diffraction. The synthetic oxides were reduced in a qualitative trend consistent with their surface area and free energy: hydrous ferric oxide (HFO)>goethite>hematite. Bacterial reduction of the crystalline oxides was incomplete in spite of excess electron donor. Biogenic formation of vivianite [Fe (sub 3) (PO (sub 4) ) (sub 2) .8H (sub 2) O] and siderite (FeCO (sub 3) ) was observed; the conditions of their formation was consistent with their solubility. The geologic Fe (super 3+) oxides showed a large range in reducibility, approaching 100% in some materials. The natural oxides were equally or more reducible than their synthetic counterparts, in spite of association with non-reducible mineral phases (e.g., kaolinite). The reducibility of the synthetic and geologic oxides was weakly effected by PO (sub 4) , but was accelerated by AQDS, CN32 produced the hydroquinone form of AQDS (AHDS), that, in turn, had thermodynamic power to reduce the Fe (super 3+) oxides. As a chemical reductant, it could reach physical regions of the oxide not accessible by the organism. Electron microscopy showed that crystallite size was not the primary factor that caused differences in reducibility between natural and synthetic crystalline Fe (super 3+) oxide phases. Crystalline disorder and microheterogeneities may be more important. JF - American Mineralogist AU - Zachara, John M AU - Fredrickson, James K AU - Li, Shu-Mei AU - Kennedy, David W AU - Smith, Steven C AU - Gassman, Paul L Y1 - 1998/12// PY - 1998 DA - December 1998 SP - 1426 EP - 1443 PB - Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 11-12, Part 2 SN - 0003-004X, 0003-004X KW - United States KW - biomineralization KW - Quaternary KW - iron oxides KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - electron microscopy data KW - iron KW - Cenozoic KW - ferric iron KW - phase equilibria KW - metals KW - aluminum KW - bacteria KW - Pleistocene KW - oxides KW - reduction KW - ion exchange KW - crystal chemistry KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52504505?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=Bacterial+reduction+of+crystalline+Fe+%28super+3%2B%29+oxides+in+single+phase+suspensions+and+subsurface+materials&rft.au=Zachara%2C+John+M%3BFredrickson%2C+James+K%3BLi%2C+Shu-Mei%3BKennedy%2C+David+W%3BSmith%2C+Steven+C%3BGassman%2C+Paul+L&rft.aulast=Zachara&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1998-12-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=11-12%2C+Part+2&rft.spage=1426&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Mineralogist&rft.issn=0003004X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ammin.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 69 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AMMIAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aluminum; Atlantic Coastal Plain; bacteria; biomineralization; Cenozoic; crystal chemistry; electron microscopy data; ferric iron; ion exchange; iron; iron oxides; metals; oxides; phase equilibria; Pleistocene; Quaternary; reduction; United States; X-ray diffraction data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Uranium mobility during in situ redox manipulation of the 100 areas of the Hanford Site AN - 51776282; 2005-000814 AB - A series of laboratory experiments and computer simulations was conducted to assess the extent of uranium remobilization that is likely to occur at the end of the life cycle of an in situ sediment reduction process. The process is being tested for subsurface remediation of chromate- and chlorinated solvent-contaminated sediments at the Hanford Site in southeastern Washington. Uranium species that occur naturally in the +6 valence state; (VI) at 10 ppb in groundwater at Hanford will accumulate as U(N) through the reduction and subsequent precipitation conditions of the permeable barrier created by in situ redox manipulation. The precipitated uranium will W remobilized when the reductive capacity of the barrier is exhausted and the sediment is oxidized by the groundwater containing dissolved oxygen and other oxidants such as chromate. Although U(N) accumulates from years or decades of reduction/precipitation within the reduced zone, U(W) concentrations in solution are only somewhat elevated during aquifer oxidation because oxidation and dissolution reactions that release U(N) precipitate to solution are slow. The release rate of uranium into solution was found to be controlled mainly by the oxidation/dissolution rate of the U(IV) precipitate (half-life 200 hours) and partially by the fast oxidation of adsorbed Fe(II) (half-life 5 hours) and the slow oxidation of Fe(II)C03 (half-life 120 hours) in the reduced sediment. Simulations of uranium transport that incorporated these and other reactions under site-relevant conditions indicated that 35 ppb U(VI) is the maximum concentration likely to result from mobilization of the precipitated U(IV) species. Experiments also indicated that increasing the contact time between the U(IV) precipitates and the reduced sediment, which is likely to occur in the field, results in a slower U(IV) oxidation rate, which, in turn, would lower the maximum concentration of mobilized U(W). A six-month-long column experiment confirmed that uranium accumulated in reduced sediment was released slowly into solution with U(W) concentrations at only slightly greater than influent U(W) concentrations. This experiment also demonstrated that dissolved chromate, another oxidant likely to be present in some field systems, did not increase the release rate of uranium into solution. JF - PNNL (Pacific Northwest National Laboratory) AU - Resch, C T AU - Szecsody, J E AU - Fruchter, J S AU - Cantrell, K J AU - Krupka, K M Y1 - 1998/12// PY - 1998 DA - December 1998 SP - 47 PB - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA KW - United States KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - concentration KW - Washington KW - in situ KW - oxidation KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - simulation KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - transport KW - metals KW - sediments KW - nuclear facilities KW - uranium KW - waste disposal KW - mobility KW - actinides KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51776282?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Resch%2C+C+T%3BSzecsody%2C+J+E%3BFruchter%2C+J+S%3BCantrell%2C+K+J%3BKrupka%2C+K+M&rft.aulast=Resch&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1998-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Uranium+mobility+during+in+situ+redox+manipulation+of+the+100+areas+of+the+Hanford+Site&rft.title=Uranium+mobility+during+in+situ+redox+manipulation+of+the+100+areas+of+the+Hanford+Site&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.pnl.gov/publications/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from NTIS database, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, (703)685-6900, order number DE00002120NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - WA N1 - SuppNotes - Contract AC06-76RL01830 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04694 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; concentration; ground water; Hanford Site; in situ; metals; mobility; nuclear facilities; oxidation; pollution; radioactive waste; sediments; simulation; transport; United States; uranium; Washington; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microfossils and paleoenvironments within fractures in deep subsurface basalt AN - 1270037738; 2013-011168 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - McKinley, James P AU - Stevens, Todd O AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1998/11/10/ PY - 1998 DA - 1998 Nov 10 SP - 56 EP - 57 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 79 IS - 45, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - communities KW - volcanic rocks KW - igneous rocks KW - Columbia River Basalt Group KW - Miocene KW - cores KW - paleoecology KW - Cenozoic KW - fractures KW - Tertiary KW - paleoenvironment KW - Neogene KW - basalts KW - bacteria KW - pH KW - microorganisms KW - 12:Stratigraphy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1270037738?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Microfossils+and+paleoenvironments+within+fractures+in+deep+subsurface+basalt&rft.au=McKinley%2C+James+P%3BStevens%2C+Todd+O%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=McKinley&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=1998-11-10&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=45%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=56&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union, 1998 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2013-01-17 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; basalts; Cenozoic; Columbia River Basalt Group; communities; cores; fractures; igneous rocks; microorganisms; Miocene; Neogene; paleoecology; paleoenvironment; pH; Tertiary; volcanic rocks ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimation of microbial respiration rates in groundwater by geochemical modeling constrained with stable isotopes AN - 52489650; 1999-032771 AB - Individual respiration rates of microorganisms which use different terminal electron acceptors in the Middendorf aquifer, SE USA, are reported. The interactions of the S, Fe and C cycles along the groundwater flow path are examined. To constrain the modelling, the groundwater chemistry, stable isotope ratios of the sediments, and groundwater and radioisotopes for groundwater dating were determined. Fe-reducing microorganisms were the largest contributors to the oxidation of organic matter along the flow path. The respiration rates show that most of the organic C is oxidized early in the flow path between oxic and anoxic groundwater where the terminal electron acceptors and microbial community are highly diverse; this transition zone showed the highest respiration rates. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Murphy, E M AU - Schramke, J A Y1 - 1998/11// PY - 1998 DA - November 1998 SP - 3395 EP - 3406 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 62 IS - 21-22 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - United States KW - respiration KW - South Carolina KW - isotopes KW - Cretaceous KW - data processing KW - Aiken County South Carolina KW - Upper Cretaceous KW - stable isotopes KW - iron KW - ground water KW - laboratory studies KW - chemical reactions KW - carbon KW - digital simulation KW - Middendorf Formation KW - geochemistry KW - Barnwell County South Carolina KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - experimental studies KW - isotope ratios KW - C-13/C-12 KW - hydrochemistry KW - Mesozoic KW - geochemical cycle KW - aquifers KW - biogenic processes KW - NETPATH KW - S-34/S-32 KW - metals KW - sulfur KW - water wells KW - Savannah River Site KW - microorganisms KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52489650?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Estimation+of+microbial+respiration+rates+in+groundwater+by+geochemical+modeling+constrained+with+stable+isotopes&rft.au=Murphy%2C+E+M%3BSchramke%2C+J+A&rft.aulast=Murphy&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1998-11-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=21-22&rft.spage=3395&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2898%2900254-3 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 54 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aiken County South Carolina; aquifers; Atlantic Coastal Plain; Barnwell County South Carolina; biogenic processes; C-13/C-12; carbon; chemical reactions; Cretaceous; data processing; digital simulation; experimental studies; geochemical cycle; geochemistry; ground water; hydrochemistry; iron; isotope ratios; isotopes; laboratory studies; Mesozoic; metals; microorganisms; Middendorf Formation; NETPATH; respiration; S-34/S-32; Savannah River Site; South Carolina; stable isotopes; sulfur; United States; Upper Cretaceous; water wells DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(98)00254-3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Scaling of flow and transport behavior in heterogeneous groundwater systems AN - 52365793; 2000-032579 JF - Advances in Water Resources AU - Scheibe, Timothy AU - Yabusaki, Steven A2 - Hassanizadeh, S. M. A2 - Miller, C. T. A2 - Parlange, M. B. Y1 - 1998/11// PY - 1998 DA - November 1998 SP - 223 EP - 238 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0309-1708, 0309-1708 KW - high-resolution methods KW - behavior KW - effects KW - preferential flow KW - simulation KW - boundary conditions KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - models KW - visualization KW - computers KW - spatial variations KW - transmissivity KW - transport KW - data bases KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - anisotropy KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52365793?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.atitle=Scaling+of+flow+and+transport+behavior+in+heterogeneous+groundwater+systems&rft.au=Scheibe%2C+Timothy%3BYabusaki%2C+Steven&rft.aulast=Scheibe&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft.date=1998-11-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=223&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.issn=03091708&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03091708 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 44 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anisotropy; aquifers; behavior; boundary conditions; computers; data bases; effects; ground water; high-resolution methods; hydraulic conductivity; models; preferential flow; simulation; spatial variations; transmissivity; transport; visualization ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Data Quality Assessment Toolkit (DQA Toolkit) AN - 51784882; 2004-082294 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Hagedorn, Dan N AU - LoPresti, Charles A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1998/11// PY - 1998 DA - November 1998 SP - 558 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 79 IS - 45, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - seismicity KW - quality control KW - data processing KW - data bases KW - algorithms KW - information management KW - instruments KW - Data Quality Assessment Toolkit KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51784882?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Data+Quality+Assessment+Toolkit+%28DQA+Toolkit%29&rft.au=Hagedorn%2C+Dan+N%3BLoPresti%2C+Charles+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hagedorn&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft.date=1998-11-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=45%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=558&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union, 1998 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; data bases; data processing; Data Quality Assessment Toolkit; information management; instruments; quality control; seismicity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A simple procedure for kriging left-censored data AN - 51784642; 2004-082275 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Anderson, Kevin K AU - Phillips, W Scott AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1998/11// PY - 1998 DA - November 1998 SP - 555 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 79 IS - 45, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - spatial data KW - guided waves KW - explosions KW - statistical analysis KW - magnitude KW - Lg-waves KW - kriging KW - elastic waves KW - surface waves KW - seismicity KW - seismic waves KW - algorithms KW - earthquakes KW - instruments KW - Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51784642?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=A+simple+procedure+for+kriging+left-censored+data&rft.au=Anderson%2C+Kevin+K%3BPhillips%2C+W+Scott%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft.date=1998-11-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=45%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=555&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union, 1998 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty; earthquakes; elastic waves; explosions; guided waves; instruments; kriging; Lg-waves; magnitude; seismic waves; seismicity; spatial data; statistical analysis; surface waves ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Groundwater oxygenation in fluctuating water table systems AN - 51740532; 2005-024223 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Williams, M D AU - Oostrom, M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1998/11// PY - 1998 DA - November 1998 SP - 367 EP - 368 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 79 IS - 45, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - water table KW - reagents KW - oxygen KW - dissolved oxygen KW - dissolved materials KW - unconfined aquifers KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51740532?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Groundwater+oxygenation+in+fluctuating+water+table+systems&rft.au=Williams%2C+M+D%3BOostrom%2C+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1998-11-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=45%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=367&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union, 1998 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; dissolved materials; dissolved oxygen; ground water; oxygen; reagents; unconfined aquifers; water table ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The influence of aquifer heterogeneity on the natural attenuation of BTEX at the Hill AFB in Utah AN - 51740244; 2005-024135 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Lu, Guoping AU - Zheng, Chunmiao AU - Clement, T P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1998/11// PY - 1998 DA - November 1998 SP - 350 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 79 IS - 45, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - biodegradation KW - pollutants KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - benzene KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - heterogeneous materials KW - Hill Air Force Base KW - natural attenuation KW - hydrocarbons KW - xylene KW - Utah KW - nitrate ion KW - military facilities KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51740244?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=The+influence+of+aquifer+heterogeneity+on+the+natural+attenuation+of+BTEX+at+the+Hill+AFB+in+Utah&rft.au=Lu%2C+Guoping%3BZheng%2C+Chunmiao%3BClement%2C+T+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lu&rft.aufirst=Guoping&rft.date=1998-11-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=45%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=350&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union, 1998 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; benzene; biodegradation; ground water; heterogeneous materials; Hill Air Force Base; hydrocarbons; military facilities; Monte Carlo analysis; natural attenuation; nitrate ion; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; statistical analysis; United States; Utah; xylene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A hydrology-biogeochemistry model for investigation impacts of climate change and timber harvest on watersheds AN - 51739772; 2005-024147 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Waichler, Scott AU - Wigmosta, Mark AU - Neilson, Ron AU - Brugnach, Marcela AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1998/11// PY - 1998 DA - November 1998 SP - 353 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 79 IS - 45, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - forests KW - Washington KW - moisture KW - human activity KW - surface water KW - data processing KW - watersheds KW - vegetation KW - environmental analysis KW - environmental effects KW - climate change KW - ground water KW - Western U.S. KW - digital simulation KW - geochemistry KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51739772?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=A+hydrology-biogeochemistry+model+for+investigation+impacts+of+climate+change+and+timber+harvest+on+watersheds&rft.au=Waichler%2C+Scott%3BWigmosta%2C+Mark%3BNeilson%2C+Ron%3BBrugnach%2C+Marcela%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Waichler&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft.date=1998-11-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=45%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=353&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union, 1998 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - climate change; data processing; digital simulation; environmental analysis; environmental effects; forests; geochemistry; ground water; human activity; hydrology; moisture; soils; surface water; United States; vegetation; Washington; watersheds; Western U.S. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Status and needs of models to design and evaluate final alternative landfill covers AN - 51737002; 2005-024088 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Wilson, Glenn V AU - Gee, Glendon W AU - Albright, William AU - Fayer, Mike J AU - Ogan, Brian AU - Rock, Steve AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1998/11// PY - 1998 DA - November 1998 SP - 342 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 79 IS - 45, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - numerical models KW - landfills KW - government agencies KW - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - waste disposal KW - disposal barriers KW - design KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51737002?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Status+and+needs+of+models+to+design+and+evaluate+final+alternative+landfill+covers&rft.au=Wilson%2C+Glenn+V%3BGee%2C+Glendon+W%3BAlbright%2C+William%3BFayer%2C+Mike+J%3BOgan%2C+Brian%3BRock%2C+Steve%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=Glenn&rft.date=1998-11-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=45%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=342&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union, 1998 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - design; disposal barriers; government agencies; landfills; numerical models; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The relationship between side-slope configuration, precipitation, and peripheral recharge from above-grade capillary barriers AN - 51736574; 2005-024082 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Ward, Andy L AU - Gee, Glendon W AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1998/11// PY - 1998 DA - November 1998 SP - 341 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 79 IS - 45, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - hazardous waste KW - Washington KW - slopes KW - drainage KW - Hanford Site KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - capillary water KW - ground water KW - recharge KW - waste disposal KW - lysimeters KW - disposal barriers KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51736574?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=The+relationship+between+side-slope+configuration%2C+precipitation%2C+and+peripheral+recharge+from+above-grade+capillary+barriers&rft.au=Ward%2C+Andy+L%3BGee%2C+Glendon+W%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ward&rft.aufirst=Andy&rft.date=1998-11-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=45%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=341&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union, 1998 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmospheric precipitation; capillary water; disposal barriers; drainage; ground water; Hanford Site; hazardous waste; lysimeters; recharge; slopes; United States; Washington; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of available water capacity on the performance of capillary barriers AN - 51736345; 2005-024083 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Gee, Glendon W AU - Ward, Andy L AU - Kirkham, Randy R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1998/11// PY - 1998 DA - November 1998 SP - 341 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 79 IS - 45, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - Washington KW - Richland Washington KW - Hanford Site KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - capillary water KW - evapotranspiration KW - Benton County Washington KW - waste disposal KW - military facilities KW - disposal barriers KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51736345?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Effect+of+available+water+capacity+on+the+performance+of+capillary+barriers&rft.au=Gee%2C+Glendon+W%3BWard%2C+Andy+L%3BKirkham%2C+Randy+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gee&rft.aufirst=Glendon&rft.date=1998-11-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=45%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=341&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union, 1998 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmospheric precipitation; Benton County Washington; capillary water; disposal barriers; evapotranspiration; Hanford Site; hydrology; military facilities; Richland Washington; United States; Washington; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Atomic positions and chemical environments of hydrogen in phase A at ambient and high pressures AN - 51729932; 2005-025462 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Kagi, Hiroyuki AU - Parise, John B AU - Cho, Herman M AU - Rossman, George R AU - Loveday, John S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1998/11// PY - 1998 DA - November 1998 SP - 866 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 79 IS - 45, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - silicates KW - magnesian silicates KW - hydrogen KW - phase transitions KW - geochemistry KW - magnetic field KW - P-T conditions KW - 17A:General geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51729932?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Atomic+positions+and+chemical+environments+of+hydrogen+in+phase+A+at+ambient+and+high+pressures&rft.au=Kagi%2C+Hiroyuki%3BParise%2C+John+B%3BCho%2C+Herman+M%3BRossman%2C+George+R%3BLoveday%2C+John+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kagi&rft.aufirst=Hiroyuki&rft.date=1998-11-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=45%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=866&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 1998 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - geochemistry; hydrogen; magnesian silicates; magnetic field; P-T conditions; phase transitions; silicates ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of porous media heterogeneity and DNAPL distribution on the dissolution and removal of trichloroethene AN - 51704374; 2005-045134 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Nelson, Nicole T AU - Brusseau, Mark L AU - Oostrom, Mart AU - Wiestma, Thomas T AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1998/11// PY - 1998 DA - November 1998 SP - 390 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 79 IS - 45, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - pollutants KW - dye tracers KW - pollution KW - trichloroethane KW - porous materials KW - dense nonaqueous phase liquids KW - solution KW - ground water KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - organic compounds KW - transport KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - heterogeneity KW - pore water KW - permeability KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51704374?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Influence+of+porous+media+heterogeneity+and+DNAPL+distribution+on+the+dissolution+and+removal+of+trichloroethene&rft.au=Nelson%2C+Nicole+T%3BBrusseau%2C+Mark+L%3BOostrom%2C+Mart%3BWiestma%2C+Thomas+T%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Nelson&rft.aufirst=Nicole&rft.date=1998-11-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=45%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=390&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union, 1998 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chlorinated hydrocarbons; dense nonaqueous phase liquids; dye tracers; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; heterogeneity; nonaqueous phase liquids; organic compounds; permeability; pollutants; pollution; pore water; porous materials; solution; transport; trichloroethane ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An ensemble-averaged transport equation for reactive solutes under unsteady flow conditions; the use of cumulant expansions and lie groups AN - 51648268; 2006-006706 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Wood, Brian D AU - Kavvas, M Levent AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1998/11// PY - 1998 DA - November 1998 SP - 254 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 79 IS - 45, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - solute transport KW - North America KW - pollutants KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - fluid phase KW - equations KW - environmental analysis KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - reactivity KW - transport KW - movement KW - mathematical methods KW - Borden Aquifer KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51648268?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=An+ensemble-averaged+transport+equation+for+reactive+solutes+under+unsteady+flow+conditions%3B+the+use+of+cumulant+expansions+and+lie+groups&rft.au=Wood%2C+Brian+D%3BKavvas%2C+M+Levent%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wood&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft.date=1998-11-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=45%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=254&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union, 1998 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; Borden Aquifer; environmental analysis; equations; fluid phase; ground water; mathematical methods; Monte Carlo analysis; movement; North America; pollutants; pollution; reactivity; solute transport; solutes; statistical analysis; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A multifluid parametric model for relative permeability-saturation-capillary pressure (k-S-P) relations in porous media with mixed wettability AN - 51647814; 2006-006689 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Oostrom, M AU - Lenhard, R J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1998/11// PY - 1998 DA - November 1998 SP - 251 EP - 252 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 79 IS - 45, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - pressure KW - numerical models KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - capillarity KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - models KW - saturation KW - movement KW - wettability KW - permeability KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51647814?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=A+multifluid+parametric+model+for+relative+permeability-saturation-capillary+pressure+%28k-S-P%29+relations+in+porous+media+with+mixed+wettability&rft.au=Oostrom%2C+M%3BLenhard%2C+R+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Oostrom&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1998-11-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=45%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=251&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union, 1998 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - capillarity; ground water; models; movement; nonaqueous phase liquids; numerical models; permeability; pollution; porous materials; pressure; saturation; simulation; wettability ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tracking the transport of dissimilatory iron-reducing bacteria in porous media by confocal microscopy AN - 51638855; 2006-013398 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Murphy, Ellyn M AU - Wood, Brian D AU - Ginn, Timothy R AU - Cushman, John H AU - Smits, Robert AU - Gorby, Yuri AU - Wagnon, Kenneth B AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1998/11// PY - 1998 DA - November 1998 SP - 325 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 79 IS - 45, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - experimental studies KW - sediment transport KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - New Mexico KW - environmental analysis KW - iron KW - ground water KW - models KW - Cerro Negro KW - stochastic processes KW - microscope methods KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - reduction KW - kinetics KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51638855?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Tracking+the+transport+of+dissimilatory+iron-reducing+bacteria+in+porous+media+by+confocal+microscopy&rft.au=Murphy%2C+Ellyn+M%3BWood%2C+Brian+D%3BGinn%2C+Timothy+R%3BCushman%2C+John+H%3BSmits%2C+Robert%3BGorby%2C+Yuri%3BWagnon%2C+Kenneth+B%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Murphy&rft.aufirst=Ellyn&rft.date=1998-11-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=45%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=325&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - America Geophysical Union, 1998 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; Cerro Negro; environmental analysis; experimental studies; ground water; iron; kinetics; metals; microorganisms; microscope methods; models; New Mexico; pollution; porous materials; prediction; reduction; sediment transport; solute transport; stochastic processes; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bacterial transport in intact sediment cores from Oyster, Virginia; a microscopic and radiographic study AN - 51332885; 2006-013392 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Dong, Hailiang AU - Onstott, Tullis C AU - DeFlaun, Mary F AU - Fuller, Mark AU - Streger, Sheryl AU - Gillespie, Kathleen AU - Fredrickson, James K AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1998/11// PY - 1998 DA - November 1998 SP - 324 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 79 IS - 45, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - experimental studies KW - Virginia KW - sediment transport KW - pollution KW - Northampton County Virginia KW - environmental analysis KW - porosity KW - cores KW - ground water KW - energy dispersive X-ray spectra KW - radiography KW - physical properties KW - Oyster Virginia KW - mineral composition KW - microscope methods KW - bacteria KW - sediments KW - spectra KW - chemical composition KW - SEM data KW - pH KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51332885?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Bacterial+transport+in+intact+sediment+cores+from+Oyster%2C+Virginia%3B+a+microscopic+and+radiographic+study&rft.au=Dong%2C+Hailiang%3BOnstott%2C+Tullis+C%3BDeFlaun%2C+Mary+F%3BFuller%2C+Mark%3BStreger%2C+Sheryl%3BGillespie%2C+Kathleen%3BFredrickson%2C+James+K%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Dong&rft.aufirst=Hailiang&rft.date=1998-11-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=45%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=324&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - America Geophysical Union, 1998 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; chemical composition; cores; energy dispersive X-ray spectra; environmental analysis; experimental studies; ground water; microorganisms; microscope methods; mineral composition; Northampton County Virginia; Oyster Virginia; pH; physical properties; pollution; porosity; radiography; sediment transport; sediments; SEM data; spectra; United States; Virginia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Infiltration and redistribution of perchloroethylene in partially saturated, stratified porous media AN - 51035895; 1999-010583 AB - Contamination of the subsurface by nonaqueous phase liquids (NAPLs) is a widespread problem. To investigate the behavior of a nonspreading, dense NAPL (DNAPL) in the vadose zone, we conducted perchloroethylene (PCE) infiltration experiments in nominally 1- and 2-dimensional (D), stratified porous media. In addition, the usefulness and limitations of a multifluid flow simulator to describe PCE infiltration and redistribution under the experimental conditions were tested. The physical simulations were conducted in a column (1-D) and a flow container (2-D) which were packed with two distinct layers of coarse-grained sand and a fine-grained sand layer in between. Volumetric water and PCE contents were determined with a fully automated dual-energy gamma radiation system. While migrating through the drier parts of the coarse-grained sand layers, PCE appeared to wet the water-air interface rather than displacing any water. In the wetter parts of the porous medium, PCE displaced water and behaved as a true nonwetting fluid. PCE showed a limited response to gradients in capillary pressure and rather high values for the volumetric PCE content were measured in the fine-grained sand layers. This was attributed to the nonspreading nature of PCE. The multifluid flow simulator appeared to predict the initial PCE movement in the vadose zone reasonably well. However, the model was not capable of predicting the final amounts of PCE retained in either the unsaturated or saturated part of the flow domain, mainly because the simulator does not consider the nonspreading flow behavior of NAPLs. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Hofstee, C AU - Oostrom, M AU - Dane, J H AU - Walker, R C Y1 - 1998/11// PY - 1998 DA - November 1998 SP - 293 EP - 313 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 34 IS - 4 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - STOMP KW - saturated materials KW - unsaturated zone KW - tetrachloroethylene KW - dense nonaqueous phase liquids KW - simulation KW - physical models KW - ground water KW - sediments KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - sand KW - migration KW - experimental studies KW - numerical models KW - clastic sediments KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - gamma radiation KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - organic compounds KW - stratification KW - infiltration KW - multiphase flow KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51035895?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Infiltration+and+redistribution+of+perchloroethylene+in+partially+saturated%2C+stratified+porous+media&rft.au=Hofstee%2C+C%3BOostrom%2C+M%3BDane%2C+J+H%3BWalker%2C+R+C&rft.aulast=Hofstee&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1998-11-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=293&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - Document feature - 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chlorinated hydrocarbons; clastic sediments; dense nonaqueous phase liquids; experimental studies; gamma radiation; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; infiltration; migration; multiphase flow; nonaqueous phase liquids; numerical models; organic compounds; physical models; pollutants; pollution; porous materials; sand; saturated materials; sediments; simulation; STOMP; stratification; tetrachloroethylene; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Emplacement of Columbia River flood basalt AN - 50163861; 1999-033436 AB - Evidence is examined for the emplacement of the Umatilla, Wilbur Creek, and the Asotin Members of Columbia River Basalt Group. These flows erupted in the eastern part of the Columbia Plateau during the waning phases of volcanism. The Umatilla Member consists of two flows in the Lewiston basin area and southwestern Columbia Plateau. These flows mixed to form one flow in the central Columbia Plateau. The composition of the younger flow is preserved in the center and the composition of the older flow is at the top and bottom. There is a complete gradation between the two. Flows of the Wilbur Creek and Asotin Members erupted individually in the eastern Columbia Plateau and also mixed together in the central Columbia Plateau. Comparison of the emplacement patterns to intraflow structures and textures of the flows suggests that very little time elapsed between eruptions. In addition, the amount of crust that formed on the earlier flows prior to mixing also suggests rapid emplacement. Calculations of volumetric flow rates through constrictions in channels suggest emplacement times of weeks to months under fast laminar flow for all three members. A new model for the emplacement of Columbia River Basalt Group flows is proposed that suggests rapid eruption and emplacement for the main part of the flow and slower emplacement along the margins as the of the flow margin expands. Copyright 1998 by the American Geophysical Union. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Reidel, Stephen P Y1 - 1998/11// PY - 1998 DA - November 1998 SP - 27 EP - 27,410 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 103 IS - B11 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - United States KW - nomenclature KW - flood basalts KW - volcanic rocks KW - lava flows KW - igneous rocks KW - flow mechanism KW - Columbia River Basalt Group KW - Miocene KW - emplacement KW - Cenozoic KW - Tertiary KW - volcanism KW - Neogene KW - eruptions KW - basalts KW - petrography KW - Columbia Plateau KW - chemical composition KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50163861?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Emplacement+of+Columbia+River+flood+basalt&rft.au=Reidel%2C+Stephen+P&rft.aulast=Reidel&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=1998-11-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=B11&rft.spage=27&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F97JB03671 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 65 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - basalts; Cenozoic; chemical composition; Columbia Plateau; Columbia River Basalt Group; emplacement; eruptions; flood basalts; flow mechanism; igneous rocks; lava flows; Miocene; Neogene; nomenclature; petrography; Tertiary; United States; volcanic rocks; volcanism DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/97JB03671 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Species selection for an ecological risk assessment of the Columbia River at the Hanford Site, Washington, USA AN - 16123654; 4513968 AB - Describe is a two-tier screening methodology used to select receptor species for an ecological risk assessment of the Columbia River at the Hanford Site in south-central Washington state. This approach was developed and implemented under the guidance of the Columbia River Comprehensive Impact Assessment Management Team (CRCIA Team), a public steering committee comprised of members of regulatory agencies, native American tribes, and other stakeholders. Three hundred sixty-eight species that occur in the riverine and riparian communities of the Columbia River were reduced to 52 using criteria identified by an independent panel of biologists (tier I) and by scoring and ranking species based on their potential exposure to contaminated media (tier II). This two-tier screening methodology could be implemented at other locations where the number of species present must be reduced for an ecological risk assessment and where receptor species with relatively high potential contaminant exposures need to be evaluated. Participation of the CRCIA Team in the species selection process facilitated agreement between risk assessors, regulators, and stakeholders as to the number and kinds of organisms to be evaluated in our risk assessment. It is critical that regulators and stakeholders be involved in the selection of receptors to ensure that species of public interest as well as ecologically relevant species are evaluated in ecological risk assessments. This approach will increase the likelihood that such risk assessments will be used in management decisions. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Becker, J AU - Brandt, C AU - Dauble, D AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA, dd.dauble@pnl.gov Y1 - 1998/11// PY - 1998 DA - Nov 1998 SP - 2354 EP - 2357 VL - 17 IS - 11 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - USA, Columbia R. KW - USA, Hanford Site KW - Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Freshwater KW - Ecology KW - USA, Washington KW - Biota KW - Pollution indicators KW - Pollution KW - Rivers KW - Freshwater environments KW - Radioactive pollution KW - Pollution surveys KW - Nuclear power plants KW - Community composition KW - Freshwater ecosystems KW - Ecosystem analysis KW - Environment management KW - Indicator species KW - Hazard assessment KW - R2 23040:Biological KW - X 24230:Legislation & recommended standards KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - Q5 01502:Methods and instruments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16123654?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Species+selection+for+an+ecological+risk+assessment+of+the+Columbia+River+at+the+Hanford+Site%2C+Washington%2C+USA&rft.au=Becker%2C+J%3BBrandt%2C+C%3BDauble%2C+D&rft.aulast=Becker&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1998-11-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=2354&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 1999-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Nuclear power plants; Pollution monitoring; Pollution surveys; Pollution indicators; Hazard assessment; Indicator species; Rivers; Risk assessment; Community composition; Freshwater ecosystems; Ecosystem analysis; Radioactive pollution; Pollution; Ecology; Biota; Freshwater environments; Environment management; USA, Washington; USA, Columbia R.; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Gas-body-based contrast agent enhances vascular bioeffects of 1.09 MHz ultrasound on mouse intestine. AN - 70074757; 9833589 AB - Anesthetized hairless mice were exposed to continuous or pulsed 1.09-MHz ultrasound with or without prior injection of a gas-body-based ultrasound contrast agent. Albunex at a dose of 10 mL/kg increased the production of intestinal hyperemia, petechia and hemorrhages by continuous ultrasound. For pulsed ultrasound, with 10 micros pulses and 0.01 duty cycle, petechiae were produced for exposures as low as 1 MPa spatial peak pressure amplitude with added gas bodies. The enhancement of petechiae production was robust for pulsed exposure; for example, at 2.8 MPa, an average of 227 petechiae was obtained with added gas bodies, which was 30 times more than without the agent. The production of petechia was roughly proportional to the dosage of Albunex for pulsed exposure. Results did not appear to be strongly dependent on pulsing parameters, but long bursts (0.1 s) were somewhat more effective than pulses (10 micros). The observed vascular bioeffects appeared to involve both thermal and nonthermal mechanisms for continuous exposure, but to result primarily from gas-body activation for pulsed exposure. JF - Ultrasound in medicine & biology AU - Miller, D L AU - Gies, R A AD - Battelle Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA. doug.miller@pnl.gov Y1 - 1998/10// PY - 1998 DA - October 1998 SP - 1201 EP - 1208 VL - 24 IS - 8 SN - 0301-5629, 0301-5629 KW - Albumins KW - 0 KW - Albunex KW - Contrast Media KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Intestinal Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Blood Vessels -- drug effects KW - Intestinal Diseases -- diagnostic imaging KW - Mice KW - Mice, Hairless KW - Ultrasonography KW - Male KW - Purpura -- chemically induced KW - Intestines -- drug effects KW - Intestines -- blood supply KW - Albumins -- toxicity KW - Hyperemia -- chemically induced KW - Contrast Media -- toxicity KW - Hyperemia -- diagnostic imaging KW - Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage -- diagnostic imaging KW - Purpura -- diagnostic imaging KW - Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage -- chemically induced KW - Intestines -- diagnostic imaging UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70074757?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ultrasound+in+medicine+%26+biology&rft.atitle=Gas-body-based+contrast+agent+enhances+vascular+bioeffects+of+1.09+MHz+ultrasound+on+mouse+intestine.&rft.au=Miller%2C+D+L%3BGies%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1998-10-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1201&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ultrasound+in+medicine+%26+biology&rft.issn=03015629&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1999-01-28 N1 - Date created - 1999-01-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multifluid flow in bedded porous media; laboratory experiments and numerical simulations AN - 52362227; 2000-035220 JF - Advances in Water Resources AU - Schroth, M H AU - Istok, J D AU - Selker, J S AU - Oostrom, M AU - White, M D Y1 - 1998/10// PY - 1998 DA - October 1998 SP - 169 EP - 183 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 22 IS - 2 SN - 0309-1708, 0309-1708 KW - water KW - experimental studies KW - pollutants KW - numerical analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - light nonaqueous phase liquids KW - porous materials KW - simulation KW - porosity KW - least-squares analysis KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - models KW - heterogeneity KW - permeability KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52362227?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.atitle=Multifluid+flow+in+bedded+porous+media%3B+laboratory+experiments+and+numerical+simulations&rft.au=Schroth%2C+M+H%3BIstok%2C+J+D%3BSelker%2C+J+S%3BOostrom%2C+M%3BWhite%2C+M+D&rft.aulast=Schroth&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1998-10-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=169&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.issn=03091708&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03091708 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 58 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - experimental studies; heterogeneity; least-squares analysis; light nonaqueous phase liquids; models; nonaqueous phase liquids; numerical analysis; permeability; pollutants; pollution; porosity; porous materials; simulation; statistical analysis; unsaturated zone; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Research investment pays off AN - 50916568; 1999-068757 JF - Soil & Groundwater AU - Scott, M J AU - Metting, F B AU - Fruchter, J S AU - Wildung, R E Y1 - 1998/10// PY - 1998 DA - October 1998 SP - 6 EP - 13 PB - Group III Communication, Independence, MO VL - 1998, October SN - 1086-1971, 1086-1971 KW - United States KW - soils KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - U. S. Department of Energy KW - Washington KW - degradation KW - in situ KW - contaminant plumes KW - oxidation KW - government agencies KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - research KW - remediation KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - case studies KW - waste management KW - sediments KW - nuclear facilities KW - reduction KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50916568?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+%26+Groundwater&rft.atitle=Research+investment+pays+off&rft.au=Scott%2C+M+J%3BMetting%2C+F+B%3BFruchter%2C+J+S%3BWildung%2C+R+E&rft.aulast=Scott&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1998-10-01&rft.volume=1998%2C+October&rft.issue=&rft.spage=6&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+%26+Groundwater&rft.issn=10861971&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - PubXState - MO N1 - Document feature - 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; case studies; contaminant plumes; degradation; government agencies; ground water; Hanford Site; in situ; nuclear facilities; oxidation; pollution; radioactive waste; reduction; remediation; research; sediments; soils; U. S. Department of Energy; United States; Washington; waste disposal; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of iron oxide inclusion shape on Co (super II/III) EDTA reactive transport through spatially heterogeneous sediment AN - 50162934; 1999-018610 AB - Multisolute reactive transport was investigated in chemically heterogeneous systems to determine the influence of the shapes of the reactive heterogeneities (iron oxide inclusions) by comparison of two-dimensional heterogeneous experiments with spatially averaged models that had differing inclusion characterization. Eleven reactions were considered in this system, starting with adsorption of the initial solute (Co (super II) EDTA) to Fe oxides, followed by two competing surface reactions: oxidation forming Co (super III) EDTA and Fe dissolution forming Fe (super III) EDTA and Co (super 2+) . Spatial moments of the eight mobile species were compared between data and models. One spatially averaged model (homogeneous equivalent), which incorporated inclusion mass only, significantly under predicted oxidation (up to 74%), the influence of reaction kinetics, and species retardation. In contrast, the ensemble average model (incorporating inclusion mass and length) well predicted speciation, retardation, and skewness. This large difference in prediction between two spatially averaging models was caused by the lack of incorporation of contact time of solutes with iron oxides in the homogeneous equivalent model and the importance of the contact time with the differing timescales of reactions. Experimental and modeling results also showed that the uncertainty in prediction of specific species increased as the inclusions varied from more ideal (fixed-length) to more natural (variable-length) shape of inclusions. Copyright 1998 by the American Geophysical Union. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Szecsody, James E AU - Chilakapati, Ashok AU - Zachara, John M AU - Garvin, Amanda L Y1 - 1998/10// PY - 1998 DA - October 1998 SP - 2501 EP - 2514 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 34 IS - 10 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - solute transport KW - iron oxides KW - cobalt KW - solutions KW - behavior KW - complexing KW - waste disposal sites KW - ground water KW - ligands KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - EDTA KW - inclusions KW - sediments KW - carboxylic acids KW - oxides KW - breakthrough curves KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - migration KW - experimental studies KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - adsorption KW - hydrochemistry KW - models KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - heterogeneous materials KW - metals KW - mobilization KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50162934?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Influence+of+iron+oxide+inclusion+shape+on+Co+%28super+II%2FIII%29+EDTA+reactive+transport+through+spatially+heterogeneous+sediment&rft.au=Szecsody%2C+James+E%3BChilakapati%2C+Ashok%3BZachara%2C+John+M%3BGarvin%2C+Amanda+L&rft.aulast=Szecsody&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=1998-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2501&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F98WR02405 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 51 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; behavior; breakthrough curves; carboxylic acids; chemical reactions; cobalt; complexing; EDTA; experimental studies; geochemistry; ground water; heterogeneous materials; hydrochemistry; inclusions; iron oxides; kinetics; ligands; metals; migration; mobilization; models; organic acids; organic compounds; oxides; pollutants; pollution; sediments; solute transport; solutions; transport; waste disposal sites DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/98WR02405 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Heavy element radionuclides (Pu, Np, U) and super(137)Cs in soils collected from the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory and other sites in Idaho, Montana, and Wyoming AN - 20460270; 7282177 AB - The isotopic composition of Pu in soils on and near the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL) has been determined in order to apportion the sources of the Pu into those derived from stratospheric fallout, regional fallout from the Nevada Test Site (NTS), and facilities on the INEEL site. Soils collected offsite in Idaho, Montana, and Wyoming were collected to further characterize NTS fallout in the region. In addition, measurements of super(237)Np and super(137)Cs were used to further identify the source of the Pu from airborne emissions at the Idaho Chemical Processing Plant (ICPP) or fugitive releases from the Subsurface Disposal Area (SDA) in the Radioactive Waste Management Complex (RWMC). It is estimated that the non-fallout Pu in INEEL soils is approximately 5.7 GBq ( similar to 150 mCi) and that the majority of this site-derived Pu has its origin from releases of Pu at the SDA in the early and late 1960s. Stratospheric fallout on the INEEL is approximately one-half of that measured elsewhere in the 40-50 N latitude band such that the 5.7 GBq of Pu originating from the SDA represents an approximate 14 percent increase over that expected from stratospheric fallout. There is convincing evidence from this study that super(241)Am, in excess of that expected from weapons-grade Pu, constituted a part of the buried waste at the SDA that has subsequently been released to the environment. Measurements of super(236)U in waters from the Snake River Plain aquifer and a soil core near the ICPP suggest that this radionuclide may be a unique interrogator of airborne releases from the ICPP. Neptunium-237 and super(238)Pu activities in INEEL soils suggest that airborne releases of Pu from the ICPP, over its operating history, may have recently been overestimated. Future super(236)U measurements in INEEL soils would provide data on the geographical influence of ICPP emissions as well as confirmatory information concerning past releases of Pu from this facility. JF - Environmental Measurements Laboratory Reports AU - Beasley, T M AU - Kelley, J M AU - Bond, LA AU - Rivera, Wm Jr AU - Liszewski, MJ AU - Orlandini, KA Y1 - 1998/10// PY - 1998 DA - Oct 1998 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Aquifers KW - USA, Snake R. KW - Historical account KW - USA, Wyoming KW - Radioactive wastes KW - USA, Nevada KW - Stratosphere KW - snakes KW - Waste management KW - Soil KW - USA, Idaho KW - Emissions KW - Radioisotopes KW - plains KW - latitude KW - USA, Montana KW - Hazardous wastes KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20460270?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Pollution+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Beasley%2C+T+M%3BKelley%2C+J+M%3BBond%2C+LA%3BRivera%2C+Wm+Jr%3BLiszewski%2C+MJ%3BOrlandini%2C+KA&rft.aulast=Beasley&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1998-10-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Heavy+element+radionuclides+%28Pu%2C+Np%2C+U%29+and+super%28137%29Cs+in+soils+collected+from+the+Idaho+National+Engineering+and+Environmental+Laboratory+and+other+sites+in+Idaho%2C+Montana%2C+and+Wyoming&rft.title=Heavy+element+radionuclides+%28Pu%2C+Np%2C+U%29+and+super%28137%29Cs+in+soils+collected+from+the+Idaho+National+Engineering+and+Environmental+Laboratory+and+other+sites+in+Idaho%2C+Montana%2C+and+Wyoming&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biogenic iron mineralization accompanying the dissimilatory reduction of hydrous ferric oxide by a groundwater bacterium AN - 17377754; 4563353 AB - Dissimilatory iron-reducing bacteria (DIRB) couple the oxidation of organic matter or H sub(2) to the reduction of iron oxides. The factors controlling the rate and extent of these reduction reactions and the resulting solid phases are complex and poorly understood. Batch experiments were conducted with amorphous hydrous ferric oxide (HFO) and the DIRB Shewanella putrefaciens, strain CN32, in well-defined aqueous solutions to investigate the reduction of HFO and formation of biogenic Fe(II) minerals. Lactate-HFO solutions buffered with either bicarbonate or 1,4-piperazinediethanesulfonic acid (PIPES) containing various combinations of phosphate and anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate (AQDS), were inoculated with S. putrefaciens CN32. AQDS, a humic acid analog that can be reduced to dihydroanthraquinone by CN32, was included because of its ability to function as an electron shuttle during microbial iron reduction and as an indicator of pe. Iron reduction was measured with time, and the resulting solids were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED). In HCO sub(3) super(-) buffered medium with AQDS, HFO was rapidly and extensively reduced, and the resulting solids were dominated by ferrous carbonate (siderite). Ferrous phosphate (vivianite) was also present in HCO sub(3) super(-) medium containing P, and fine-grained magnetite was present as a minor phase in HCO sub(3) super(-) medium with or without P. In the PIPES-buffered medium, the rate and extent of reduction was strongly influenced by AQDS and P. With AQDS, HFO was rapidly convened to highly crystalline magnetite whereas in its absence, magnetite mineralization was slower and the final material less crystalline. In PIPES with both P and AQDS, a green rust type compound [Fe sub((6-x)) super(II)Fe sub(x) super(III)(OH) sub(12)] super(x+)[(A super(2-)) sub(x/2) times yH sub(2)O] super(x-) was the dominant solid phase formed; in the absence of AQDS a poorly crystalline product was observed. The measured pe and nature of the solids identified were consistent with thermodynamic considerations. The composition of aqueous media in which microbial iron reduction occurred strongly impacted the rate and extent of iron reduction and the nature of the reduced solids. This, in turn, can provide a feedback control mechanism on microbial metabolism. Hence, in sediments where geochemical conditions promote magnetite formation, two-thirds of the Fe(III) will be sequestered in a form that may not be available for anaerobic bacterial respiration. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Fredrickson, J K AU - Zachara, J M AU - Kennedy, D W AU - Dong, H AU - Onstott, T C AU - Hinman, N W AU - Li, Shu-Mei AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA, jim.fredrickson@pnl.gov Y1 - 1998/10// PY - 1998 DA - Oct 1998 SP - 3239 EP - 3257 VL - 62 IS - 19-20 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Bacteria KW - Iron oxides KW - Iron Oxides KW - Geochemistry KW - Mineralization KW - Iron Compounds KW - Ground water KW - Microorganisms KW - Iron compounds KW - Groundwater KW - Metabolism KW - Q2 09187:Geochemistry of sediments KW - SW 0840:Groundwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17377754?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Biogenic+iron+mineralization+accompanying+the+dissimilatory+reduction+of+hydrous+ferric+oxide+by+a+groundwater+bacterium&rft.au=Fredrickson%2C+J+K%3BZachara%2C+J+M%3BKennedy%2C+D+W%3BDong%2C+H%3BOnstott%2C+T+C%3BHinman%2C+N+W%3BLi%2C+Shu-Mei&rft.aulast=Fredrickson&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1998-10-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=19-20&rft.spage=3239&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2898%2900243-9 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bacteria; Iron oxides; Geochemistry; Iron compounds; Microorganisms; Ground water; Mineralization; Metabolism; Iron Compounds; Iron Oxides; Groundwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(98)00243-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Post-sampling changes in microbial community composition and activity in a subsurface paleosol AN - 17101481; 4411809 AB - Laboratory storage of deep vadose zone sediments has previously resulted in an increase in the abundance of cultured microorganisms by as much as 10,000-fold, without concomitant increases in total microscopic counts. In the present study, factors contributing to the time-dependent stimulation of various microbiological parameters were examined during a 224 d post-sampling period, using a factorial-design experiment that partitioned the effects of storage time, sediment condition (intact blocks or homogenized) during storage, and O sub(2) concentration (0.5, 4.5, and 21%) during storage at 15 degree C. Stored samples were analyzed at selected intervals, to determine direct microscopic counts, viable biomass, lipid biomarker profiles, cultured aerobic heterotrophic microorganisms, and microbial activity. Time of storage prior to analysis of the samples was the most important factor affecting the microbiological response. Sediment condition influenced the stimulation response: microbial activity and the population of cultured microorganisms increased faster, and reached slightly higher values, in the homogenized samples, although maximum values were reached at similar times in the homogenized and intact samples. O sub(2) concentration also influenced the response, but was the least important of the factors evaluated. Total cells and viable biomass, measured as total phospholipid fatty acids, changed little during storage. Maximum cultured populations and activity were attained at 63 to 112 d, with culture counts approximating the total numbers of microscopically counted cells. At approximately the same time, unbalanced growth (evidenced by high ratios of polyhydroxybutyrate to phospholipid fatty acid) indicated that inorganic nutrients became limiting. Lipid biomarkers indicative of Gram-positive bacteria, including actinomycetes, became dominant components of the community profiles in samples maintained at 0.5% and 4.5% O sub(2). The shift in the microbial community from relatively inactive, predominantly uncultured microorganisms to metabolically active populations that were nearly all cultured highlights the need for rapid initiation of analyses after sample acquisition, if measurement of in situ microbiological properties is desired. The fact that these processes also occur in intact sediment blocks suggests that minor perturbations in the chemical or physical properties of subsurface sediments can result in major changes in the activity and composition of the microbial community. JF - Microbial Ecology AU - Brockman, F J AU - Li, S W AU - Fredrickson, J K AU - Ringelberg, D B AU - Kieft, T L AU - Spadoni, C M AU - White, D C AU - McKinley, J P AD - Biogeochemistry Department, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA, fj_brockman@pnl.gov Y1 - 1998/10// PY - 1998 DA - Oct 1998 SP - 152 EP - 164 VL - 36 IS - 2 SN - 0095-3628, 0095-3628 KW - samples KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Ecology Abstracts KW - Storage KW - Bacteria KW - Community composition KW - Sampling KW - Sediments KW - D 04001:Methodology - general KW - J 02901:Soil and plants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17101481?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Microbial+Ecology&rft.atitle=Post-sampling+changes+in+microbial+community+composition+and+activity+in+a+subsurface+paleosol&rft.au=Brockman%2C+F+J%3BLi%2C+S+W%3BFredrickson%2C+J+K%3BRingelberg%2C+D+B%3BKieft%2C+T+L%3BSpadoni%2C+C+M%3BWhite%2C+D+C%3BMcKinley%2C+J+P&rft.aulast=Brockman&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1998-10-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=152&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Microbial+Ecology&rft.issn=00953628&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sediments; Sampling; Bacteria; Storage; Community composition ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of dichloroacetate on glycogen metabolism in B6C3F1 mice AN - 17161139; 4469202 AB - Dichloroacetate (DCA) is a by-product of drinking water chlorination. Administration of DCA in drinking water results in accumulation of glycogen in the liver of B6C3F1 mice. To investigate the processes affecting liver glycogen accumulation, male B6C3F1 mice were administered DCA in drinking water at levels varying from 0.1 to 3 g/l for up to 8 weeks. Liver glycogen synthase (GS) and glycogen phosphorylase (GP) activities, liver glycogen content, serum glucose and insulin levels were analyzed. To determine whether effects were primary or attributable to increased glycogen synthesis, some mice were fasted and administered a glucose challenge (20 min before sacrifice). DCA treatments in drinking water caused glycogen accumulation in a dose-dependent manner. The DCA treatment in drinking water suppressed the activity ratio of GS measured in mice sacrificed at 9:00 AM, but not at 3:00 AM. However, net glycogen synthesis after glucose challenge was increased with DCA treatments for 1-2 weeks duration, but the effect was no longer observed at 8 weeks. Degradation of glycogen by fasting decreased progressively as the treatment period was increased, and no longer occurred at 8 weeks. A shift of the liver glycogen-iodine spectrum from DCA-treated mice was observed relative to that of control mice, suggesting a change in the physical form of glycogen. These data suggest that DCA-induced glycogen accumulation at high doses is related to decreases in the degradation rate. When DCA was administered by single intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection to naive mice at doses of 2-200 mg/kg at the time of glucose challenge, a biphasic response was observed. Doses of 10-25 mg/kg increased both plasma glucose and insulin concentrations. In contrast, very high i.p. doses of DCA (> 75 mg/kg) produced progressive decreases in serum glucose and glycogen deposition in the liver. Since the blood levels of DCA produced by these higher i.p. doses were significantly higher than observed with drinking water treatment, we conclude that apparent differences with data of previous investigations is related to substantial differences in systemic dose and/or dose-time relations. JF - Toxicology AU - Kato-Weinstein, J AU - Lingohr, M K AU - Orner, G A AU - Thrall, B D AU - Bull, R J AD - Molecular Biosciences, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P7-56, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA Y1 - 1998/09/15/ PY - 1998 DA - 1998 Sep 15 SP - 141 EP - 154 VL - 130 IS - 2-3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - dichloroacetic acid KW - mice KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Liver KW - Chlorination KW - Drinking water KW - Glycogen KW - X 24120:Food, additives & contaminants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17161139?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+dichloroacetate+on+glycogen+metabolism+in+B6C3F1+mice&rft.au=Kato-Weinstein%2C+J%3BLingohr%2C+M+K%3BOrner%2C+G+A%3BThrall%2C+B+D%3BBull%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Kato-Weinstein&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1998-09-15&rft.volume=130&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=141&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Liver; Chlorination; Drinking water; Glycogen ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Hanford Site environmental data report for calendar year 1997 AN - 753853238; 2010-070922 JF - Hanford Site environmental data report for calendar year 1997 AU - Bisping, L E Y1 - 1998/09// PY - 1998 DA - September 1998 SP - 204 KW - United States KW - soils KW - Washington KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - vegetation KW - environmental analysis KW - drinking water KW - air pollution KW - organic compounds KW - soil pollution KW - metals KW - ecology KW - water resources KW - water pollution KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/753853238?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Bisping%2C+L+E&rft.aulast=Bisping&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1998-09-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Hanford+Site+environmental+data+report+for+calendar+year+1997&rft.title=Hanford+Site+environmental+data+report+for+calendar+year+1997&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Availability - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Hanford site environmental report for calendar year 1998 AN - 52315710; 2000-067982 JF - Hanford site environmental report for calendar year 1998 Y1 - 1998/09// PY - 1998 DA - September 1998 VL - PNNL-12088 KW - United States KW - hazardous waste KW - isotopes KW - regulations KW - environmental analysis KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - radioactive isotopes KW - solid waste KW - protection KW - programs KW - revegetation KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - effluents KW - surface water KW - legislation KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - measurement KW - quality control KW - risk assessment KW - air KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52315710?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-09-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Hanford+site+environmental+report+for+calendar+year+1998&rft.title=Hanford+site+environmental+report+for+calendar+year+1998&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Availability - U. S. Department of Commerce, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2014-09-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Grain size and depth constraints on microbial variability in coastal plain subsurface sediments AN - 52175579; 2001-076577 JF - Geomicrobiology Journal AU - Zhang, Chuanlun AU - Palumbo, Anthony V AU - Phelps, Tommy J AU - Beauchamp, John J AU - Brockman, Fred J AU - Murray, Chris J AU - Parsons, Brian S AU - Swift, Donald J P Y1 - 1998/09// PY - 1998 DA - September 1998 SP - 171 EP - 185 PB - Taylor & Francis, London VL - 15 IS - 3 SN - 0149-0451, 0149-0451 KW - United States KW - Mappsville Virginia KW - Virginia KW - biochemical sedimentation KW - Abbott Pit KW - grain size KW - sedimentation KW - Northampton County Virginia KW - depth KW - variations KW - Oyster Virginia KW - marine sediments KW - bacteria KW - sediments KW - anaerobic environment KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52175579?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geomicrobiology+Journal&rft.atitle=Grain+size+and+depth+constraints+on+microbial+variability+in+coastal+plain+subsurface+sediments&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Chuanlun%3BPalumbo%2C+Anthony+V%3BPhelps%2C+Tommy+J%3BBeauchamp%2C+John+J%3BBrockman%2C+Fred+J%3BMurray%2C+Chris+J%3BParsons%2C+Brian+S%3BSwift%2C+Donald+J+P&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Chuanlun&rft.date=1998-09-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=171&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geomicrobiology+Journal&rft.issn=01490451&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~content=t713722957~db=all LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GEJODG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Abbott Pit; anaerobic environment; Atlantic Coastal Plain; bacteria; biochemical sedimentation; depth; grain size; Mappsville Virginia; marine sediments; Northampton County Virginia; Oyster Virginia; sedimentation; sediments; United States; variations; Virginia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spectroscopic studies of the reaction of water with metal oxide surfaces AN - 51577479; 2006-052187 JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Kendelewicz, T AU - Liu, P AU - Brown, G E, Jr AU - Nelson, E J AU - McCarthy, M I AU - Chambers, S A A2 - Schott, Jacques Y1 - 1998/09// PY - 1998 DA - September 1998 SP - 763 EP - 764 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 62A, Part 2 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - experimental studies KW - iron oxides KW - techniques KW - emission spectra KW - single-crystal method KW - hematite KW - manganese oxides KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - synthetic materials KW - photoemission KW - water-mineral interaction KW - magnetite KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51577479?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Spectroscopic+studies+of+the+reaction+of+water+with+metal+oxide+surfaces&rft.au=Kendelewicz%2C+T%3BLiu%2C+P%3BBrown%2C+G+E%2C+Jr%3BNelson%2C+E+J%3BMcCarthy%2C+M+I%3BChambers%2C+S+A&rft.aulast=Kendelewicz&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1998-09-01&rft.volume=62A%2C+Part+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=763&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - emission spectra; experimental studies; hematite; iron oxides; magnetite; manganese oxides; oxides; photoemission; single-crystal method; spectra; synthetic materials; techniques; water-mineral interaction ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Studying in situ hydrothermal reactions with X-ray absorption spectroscopy AN - 51577217; 2006-052118 JF - Mineralogical Magazine AU - Hoffmann, M M AU - Darab, J G AU - Fulton, J L AU - Stern, E A A2 - Schott, Jacques Y1 - 1998/09// PY - 1998 DA - September 1998 SP - 636 EP - 637 PB - Mineralogical Society, London VL - 62A, Part 2 SN - 0026-461X, 0026-461X KW - corrosion KW - pressure KW - in situ KW - coordination KW - behavior KW - oxidation KW - rhenium KW - hydrolysis KW - electrolytes KW - aqueous solutions KW - high pressure KW - atomic absorption spectra KW - X-ray spectra KW - temperature KW - hydrothermal conditions KW - tungsten KW - metals KW - slurries KW - spectra KW - waste disposal KW - geochemistry KW - high temperature KW - Eh KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51577217?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Studying+in+situ+hydrothermal+reactions+with+X-ray+absorption+spectroscopy&rft.au=Hoffmann%2C+M+M%3BDarab%2C+J+G%3BFulton%2C+J+L%3BStern%2C+E+A&rft.aulast=Hoffmann&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1998-09-01&rft.volume=62A%2C+Part+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=636&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogical+Magazine&rft.issn=0026461X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.minersoc.org/pages/e_journals/minmag.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aqueous solutions; atomic absorption spectra; behavior; coordination; corrosion; Eh; electrolytes; geochemistry; high pressure; high temperature; hydrolysis; hydrothermal conditions; in situ; metals; oxidation; pressure; rhenium; slurries; spectra; temperature; tungsten; waste disposal; X-ray spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spinach bomb squad AN - 225956468 JF - Science Scope AU - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Y1 - 1998/09// PY - 1998 DA - Sep 1998 SP - 14 CY - Washington PB - National Science Teachers Association VL - 22 IS - 1 SN - 08872376 KW - Sciences: Comprehensive Works UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/225956468?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aeducation&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+Scope&rft.atitle=Spinach+bomb+squad&rft.au=Pacific+Northwest+National+Laboratory&rft.aulast=Pacific+Northwest+National+Laboratory&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-09-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=14&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+Scope&rft.issn=08872376&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Central; ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Copyright - Copyright National Science Teachers Association Sep 1998 N1 - Last updated - 2011-09-08 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Redefining relativity: quantitative PCR at low template concentrations for industrial and environmental microbiology AN - 17151184; 4446823 AB - The application of PCR techniques in environmental and industrial microbiology is complicated by innumerable organic and inorganic contaminants and enzyme inhibitors that copurify with nucleic acids. These complications are compounded in quantitative PCR (qPCR) methods, which are predicated upon subtle yet significant assumptions of amplification efficiency and the representativeness of the sample with respect to the environment or industrial process from which it was obtained. In low-biomass and/or low-template situations, additional concerns related to target gene spatial heterogeneity in the sample, differential DNA (or RNA) extraction efficiency, molecular sampling error, attenuation of PCR inhibitors and amplification bias can quickly undermine fundamental assumptions of conventional competitive PCR (cPCR) and most-probable-number PCR (MPN-PCR) formats. A critical evaluation of cPCR and MPN-PCR assumptions is therefore presented within the context of environmental microbiology and low-template enumerations. Fundamental conclusions from the analysis of qPCR assumptions are that: (a) environmental qPCR enumerations are invariably estimates, not absolute enumerations, which are relative to the PCR standard; (b) traditional cPCR assays are ill-suited for environmental applications, especially in low-biomass situations; and (c) both cPCR and traditional MPN-PCR practices insufficiently account for field-scale, process-level or experimental variations that arise and become amplified in PCR enumerations. Thus, sample representativeness and errors related to sample replication are frequently more important than errors related to the qPCR assay itself. Based upon this critique of qPCR assumptions, an alternate qPCR method for routine environmental application is described which is based upon replicative limiting dilution analysis and the pragmatic tradeoffs between analytical sensitivity and practical utility. JF - Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology AU - Chandler, D P AD - Environmental Microbiology, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 900 Battelle Blvd, Mail Stop P7-50, Richland, WA 99352, USA Y1 - 1998/09// PY - 1998 DA - Sep 1998 SP - 128 EP - 140 VL - 21 IS - 3 SN - 1367-5435, 1367-5435 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts KW - Environments KW - Biomass KW - Industrial applications KW - DNA KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - A 01113:General KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W2 32243:Molecular methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17151184?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Industrial+Microbiology+%26+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Redefining+relativity%3A+quantitative+PCR+at+low+template+concentrations+for+industrial+and+environmental+microbiology&rft.au=Chandler%2C+D+P&rft.aulast=Chandler&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1998-09-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=128&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Industrial+Microbiology+%26+Biotechnology&rft.issn=13675435&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special Issue: Polymerase Chain Reaction. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biomass; Environments; DNA; Polymerase chain reaction; Industrial applications ER - TY - GEN T1 - Concerns about Leaking Canisters at Nyongbyon, DPRK [Attached to Fax Sheet] AN - 1679158805; KO01460 AB - Speculates on causes of fuel canister leaks at Yongbyon nuclear facility in North Korea. AU - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (Washington) AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (Washington) PY - 1998 SP - 3 KW - Nuclear fuel reprocessing KW - Nuclear safety KW - Yongbyon Nuclear Research Center (North Korea) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1679158805?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Adnsa_ko&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Concerns+about+Leaking+Canisters+at+Nyongbyon%2C+DPRK+%5BAttached+to+Fax+Sheet%5D&rft.au=Pacific+Northwest+National+Laboratory+%28Washington%29&rft.aulast=Pacific+Northwest+National+Laboratory+%28Washington%29&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-08-21&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Digital National Security Archive N1 - Analyte descriptor - NSA document type: Paper N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-11 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Production of O (sub 2) on icy satellites by electronic excitation of low-temperature water ice AN - 52578171; 1998-050635 JF - Nature (London) AU - Sieger, M T AU - Simpson, W C AU - Orlando, T M Y1 - 1998/08// PY - 1998 DA - August 1998 SP - 554 EP - 556 PB - Macmillan Journals, London VL - 394 IS - 6693 SN - 0028-0836, 0028-0836 KW - solar system KW - icy satellites KW - experimental studies KW - irradiation KW - oxygen KW - Europa Satellite KW - Jupiter KW - Ganymede Satellite KW - electrical field KW - cosmochemistry KW - Galilean satellites KW - simulation KW - magnetic field KW - giant planets KW - planets KW - chemical reactions KW - ice KW - outer planets KW - satellites KW - electrons KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52578171?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+%28London%29&rft.atitle=Production+of+O+%28sub+2%29+on+icy+satellites+by+electronic+excitation+of+low-temperature+water+ice&rft.au=Sieger%2C+M+T%3BSimpson%2C+W+C%3BOrlando%2C+T+M&rft.aulast=Sieger&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1998-08-01&rft.volume=394&rft.issue=6693&rft.spage=554&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+%28London%29&rft.issn=00280836&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.nature.com/nature/index.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - NATUAS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical reactions; cosmochemistry; electrical field; electrons; Europa Satellite; experimental studies; Galilean satellites; Ganymede Satellite; giant planets; ice; icy satellites; irradiation; Jupiter; magnetic field; outer planets; oxygen; planets; satellites; simulation; solar system ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of leaving group lability on kinetics of organic anion sorption at aqueous mineral interfaces AN - 50331374; 1998-065970 JF - Abstracts of Papers - American Chemical Society, National Meeting AU - Friedrick, D M AU - Wang, Z AU - Ainsworth, C C AU - Gassman, P L AU - Joly, A G Y1 - 1998/08// PY - 1998 DA - August 1998 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 216 SN - 0065-7727, 0065-7727 KW - anions KW - sorption KW - effects KW - adsorption KW - humic acids KW - Elovich rate law KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - ligands KW - humic substances KW - fulvic acids KW - salicylates KW - kinetics KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50331374?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+-+American+Chemical+Society%2C+National+Meeting&rft.atitle=Effect+of+leaving+group+lability+on+kinetics+of+organic+anion+sorption+at+aqueous+mineral+interfaces&rft.au=Friedrick%2C+D+M%3BWang%2C+Z%3BAinsworth%2C+C+C%3BGassman%2C+P+L%3BJoly%2C+A+G&rft.aulast=Friedrick&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1998-08-01&rft.volume=216&rft.issue=&rft.spage=ENVR+009&rft.isbn=0841236275&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+-+American+Chemical+Society%2C+National+Meeting&rft.issn=00657727&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 216th American Chemical Society national meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; anions; effects; Elovich rate law; fulvic acids; humic acids; humic substances; kinetics; ligands; organic acids; organic compounds; salicylates; sorption ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Meteorological factors associated with inhomogeneous ozone concentrations within the Mexico City basin AN - 17103213; 4416977 AB - Meteorological processes associated with inhomogeneous ozone concentrations over Mexico City are examined by using observations from a recent field campaign and a mesoscale dynamics and dispersion modeling system. During this 4-week field campaign, meteorological measurements of the spatial flow structure within the Mexico City basin were obtained for the first time. A mesoscale model that employs four-dimensional data assimilation is used to create analyses that describe the boundary layer characteristics and local and regional circulations in the vicinity of Mexico City. The mesoscale analyses are then used to drive a Lagrangian particle dispersion model to simulate pollutant transport and diffusion. The resemblance between the calculated particle concentration fields and the observed spatial ozone patterns indicates that the mesoscale analyses, based on the model and the observed profiles of wind, temperature, and humidity, captured the main flow features responsible for the inhomogeneous ozone concentrations within the basin. The highest particle concentrations usually occurred in the vicinity of the peak ozone concentrations during the afternoon. The observations and mesoscale analyses provided evidence that the circulations are highly complex, and relatively weak upper level synoptic systems had an impact on the local and regional thermally driven flows in the area. The contribution of emissions from the previous day was found to be relatively minor for the periods examined in this study, even though the nocturnal wind speeds were light, suggesting that the high ozone concentrations are not due to multiday accumulation of pollutants. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research. D. Atmospheres AU - Fast, J D AU - Zhong, Shiyuan AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA Y1 - 1998/08// PY - 1998 DA - Aug 1998 VL - 103 IS - D15 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - Mexico, Mexico City KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Pollution dispersion KW - Simulation KW - Particulates KW - Fluid mechanics KW - Atmospheric chemistry KW - Meteorology KW - Diffusion KW - Wind KW - Ozone KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17103213?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+D.+Atmospheres&rft.atitle=Meteorological+factors+associated+with+inhomogeneous+ozone+concentrations+within+the+Mexico+City+basin&rft.au=Fast%2C+J+D%3BZhong%2C+Shiyuan&rft.aulast=Fast&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1998-08-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=D15&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+D.+Atmospheres&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Particulates; Wind; Fluid mechanics; Atmospheric chemistry; Pollution dispersion; Simulation; Diffusion; Ozone; Meteorology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phylogenetic diversity of archaea and bacteria in a deep subsurface paleosol AN - 17100889; 4411820 AB - A low-biomass paleosol 188 m below the ground surface at the Department of Energy's Hanford Site in south-central Washington State was recovered and maintained at the in situ temperature (17 degree C) as an intact core or homogenized sediment for 0, 1, 3, 10, and 21 weeks post-sampling. Bacterial and archaeal 16S rRNA genes were amplified by PCR and cloned. Of 746 bacterial and 190 archaeal clones that were categorized by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), 242 bacterial and 16 archaeal clones were partially sequenced and compared against the small subunit ribosomal RNA database (RDP) and GenBank. Six bacterial and 16 archael clones sequences, with little similarity to those in public databases, were sequenced in their entirety, and subjected to more detained phylogenetic analysis. The most frequently occurring clones types were related to Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Micrococcus, Clavibacter, Nocardioides, Burkholderia, Comamonas, and Erythromicrobium. Clone sequences whose RDP similarity value was greater than or equal to 0.6 consistently grouped with their nearest RDP neighbor during phylogenetic analysis. Six truly novel eubacterial sequences were identified; they consistently cluster with or near the Chloroflexaceae and sequences recovered from the Sargasso Sea. Sixteen unique archaeal RFLP groups were identified from 190 randomly-sampled clones. The novel archaeal rDNA clones formed a coherent clade along the major Crenarchaea branch containing all previously described mesophilic crenarchae clones, but remained firmly associated with 16S rDNA clones previously obtained from a thermal Fe/S spring in Yellowstone National Park. The wealth of group-specific genetic information identified during this study will now allow us to address specific hypotheses related to in situ stimulation of these deep subsurface microorganisms and changes in microbial community composition resulting from subsurface contamination or remediation processes at the Hanford Site. JF - Microbial Ecology AU - Chandler, D P AU - Brockman, F J AU - Bailey, T J AU - Fredrickson, J K AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 900 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, WA 99352, USA, dp_chandler@pnl.gov Y1 - 1998/08// PY - 1998 DA - Aug 1998 SP - 37 EP - 50 VL - 36 IS - 1 SN - 0095-3628, 0095-3628 KW - Bacteria KW - RFLP KW - nucleotide sequence KW - paleosol KW - rRNA 16S KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Genetics Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Phylogeny KW - Archaea KW - Species diversity KW - G 07320:Bacterial genetics KW - J 02710:Identification, taxonomy and typing KW - D 04620:Microorganisms KW - G 07260:Taxonomy, systematics and evolutionary genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17100889?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Microbial+Ecology&rft.atitle=Phylogenetic+diversity+of+archaea+and+bacteria+in+a+deep+subsurface+paleosol&rft.au=Chandler%2C+D+P%3BBrockman%2C+F+J%3BBailey%2C+T+J%3BFredrickson%2C+J+K&rft.aulast=Chandler&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1998-08-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=37&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Microbial+Ecology&rft.issn=00953628&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Archaea; Bacteria; Species diversity; Phylogeny ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radiation damage in zircon and monazite AN - 52551144; 1998-067500 AB - The results are presented of ion-beam irradiation and thermal annealing of monazite and zircon and can be used to predict whether natural samples will become metamict. The irradiation damage accumulation appears to develop differently in natural and ion-beam irradiated samples, but the basic process leading to amorphization is the same. EPMA data are presented of monazite from Petaca, New Mexico, USA; TEM analysis of unirradiated specimens indicates that Th-rich areas may be partially or wholly metamict. Results for 800 keV Kr (super +) irradiation show that the doses required to amorphize monazite and zircon increase exponentially with T; the critical amorphization T is approximately 600 degrees C higher for zircon than monazite. A general equation which models the critical amorphization dose is derived for monazite and zircon. Zircon from Sri Lanka is calculated to become metamict at a dose of 6.0 X 10 (super 15) alpha -decay events/mg at 25 degrees C. Applications to nuclear waste suggest that > or = 500 degrees C is required to ensure the crystallinity of Pu-doped zircon; decreasing the Pu content from 10 to 2 wt.% results in approximately 100 degrees C decrease in the storage T necessary to prevent the crystalline-amorphous transition. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Meldrum, A AU - Boatner, L A AU - Weber, W J AU - Ewing, R C Y1 - 1998/07// PY - 1998 DA - July 1998 SP - 2509 EP - 2520 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 62 IS - 14 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - silicates KW - irradiation KW - U/Pb KW - isotopes KW - natural materials KW - radioactive waste KW - electron probe data KW - laboratory studies KW - radioactive isotopes KW - orthosilicates KW - absolute age KW - applications KW - crystallites KW - synthetic materials KW - zircon group KW - experimental studies KW - radiation damage KW - zircon KW - phosphates KW - nesosilicates KW - monazite KW - waste disposal KW - amorphization KW - thermal effects KW - annealing KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52551144?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Radiation+damage+in+zircon+and+monazite&rft.au=Meldrum%2C+A%3BBoatner%2C+L+A%3BWeber%2C+W+J%3BEwing%2C+R+C&rft.aulast=Meldrum&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1998-07-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=2509&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2898%2900174-4 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 71 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Includes an appendix N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absolute age; amorphization; annealing; applications; crystallites; electron probe data; experimental studies; irradiation; isotopes; laboratory studies; monazite; natural materials; nesosilicates; orthosilicates; phosphates; radiation damage; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; silicates; synthetic materials; thermal effects; U/Pb; waste disposal; zircon; zircon group DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(98)00174-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identification and sequence analysis of a 27-kilobase chromosomal fragment containing a Salmonella pathogenicity island located at 92 minutes on the chromosome map of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium LT2 AN - 16525931; 4401454 AB - Using a genomic approach, we have identified a new Salmonella pathogenicity island, SPI-4, which is the fourth Salmonella pathogenicity island to be identified. SPI-4 was located at 92 min on the chromosome map and was flanked by the ssb and soxSR loci. The DNA sequence covering the entire SPI-4 and both boundaries was determined. The size of SPI-4 was about 25 kb and it contains 18 putative open reading frames (ORFs). Three of these ORFs encode proteins that have significant homology with proteins involved in toxin secretion. Another five ORFs encode proteins that have significant homology with hypothetical proteins from Synechocystis sp. strain PCC6803 or Acinetobacter calcoaceticus. The rest of the ORFs encode novel proteins, one of which has five membrane-spanning domains. SPI-4 is likely to carry a type I secretion system involved in toxin secretion. Furthermore, a previously identified locus (ims98), which is required for intramacrophage survival, was also mapped within the SPI-4 region. These findings suggested that SPI-4 is needed for intramacrophage survival. JF - Infection and Immunity AU - Wong, K-K AU - McClelland, M AU - Stillwell, L C AU - Sisk, E C AU - Thurston, S J AU - Saffer, J D AD - Molecular Biosciences, P7-56, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA, kk.wong@pnl.gov Y1 - 1998/07// PY - 1998 DA - Jul 1998 SP - 3365 EP - 3371 VL - 66 IS - 7 SN - 0019-9567, 0019-9567 KW - nucleotide sequence KW - open reading frames KW - pathogenicity islands KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - N 14640:Structure & sequence KW - J 02740:Genetics and evolution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16525931?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.atitle=Identification+and+sequence+analysis+of+a+27-kilobase+chromosomal+fragment+containing+a+Salmonella+pathogenicity+island+located+at+92+minutes+on+the+chromosome+map+of+Salmonella+enterica+serovar+typhimurium+LT2&rft.au=Wong%2C+K-K%3BMcClelland%2C+M%3BStillwell%2C+L+C%3BSisk%2C+E+C%3BThurston%2C+S+J%3BSaffer%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Wong&rft.aufirst=K-K&rft.date=1998-07-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=3365&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of reaction kinetics on predicted concentration profiles during subsurface bioremediation AN - 51038172; 1998-046650 AB - The lack of a complete mechanistic description of subsurface interactions between contaminants and microbes has limited the ability to predict the effectiveness of subsurface bioremediation processes. Important microbial processes which must be included in such mechanistic descriptions of bioremediation are microbial growth, death and transport, including microbial attachment to and detachment from the soil surfaces. Recent advances have provided a better understanding of the relationships between contaminant destruction rates and such microbial processes. In this manuscript, contaminant profiles predicted using more realistic descriptions are compared with those obtained using less complete, previously published mathematical models. The more comprehensive model described here includes mathematical descriptions for microbial growth and transport. Contaminant profiles predicted using this model are compared with those obtained when the contaminant destruction processes are described by assuming that (1) no reaction occurs, (2) the contaminant reacts instantaneously with any available oxygen, and (3) dual-substrate Monod kinetics without consideration of microbial growth and transport. This work demonstrates that if reaction kinetics are ignored, the size of the plume will be overpredicted at large times and if the reaction is assumed to occur instantaneously, the plume will be underpredicted at small times. Thus, if these processes are not included in the mathematical description of bioremediation, erroneous interpretations of site characterization data collected during this period would be likely. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Sun, Yunwei AU - Petersen, James N AU - Clement, T Prabhakar AU - Hooker, Brian S Y1 - 1998/06// PY - 1998 DA - June 1998 SP - 359 EP - 372 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 31 IS - 3-4 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - concentration KW - biodegradation KW - contaminant plumes KW - pollutants KW - unsteady flow KW - subsurface flow KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - tracers KW - kinetics KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51038172?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Effect+of+reaction+kinetics+on+predicted+concentration+profiles+during+subsurface+bioremediation&rft.au=Sun%2C+Yunwei%3BPetersen%2C+James+N%3BClement%2C+T+Prabhakar%3BHooker%2C+Brian+S&rft.aulast=Sun&rft.aufirst=Yunwei&rft.date=1998-06-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=359&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - Document feature - 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; biodegradation; bioremediation; chemical reactions; concentration; contaminant plumes; ground water; kinetics; mathematical models; microorganisms; pollutants; pollution; remediation; subsurface flow; tracers; transport; unsteady flow ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Computation of the electrical double layer properties of semipermeable membranes in multicomponent electrolytes AN - 17571622; 4380145 AB - A methodology is presented for calculating of the surface potential, Donnan potential, and ion concentration profiles for semipermeable microbial membranes that is valid for an arbitrary electrolyte composition. This model for surface potential, Donnan potential, and charge density was applied to recently reported experimental data for gram-positive bacteria, including Bacillus brevis, Rhodococcus opacus, Rhodococcus erythropolis, and Corynebacterium species. These calculations show that previously unconsidered trace amounts of divalent and trivalent cations at very low concentrations (10 super(-6) M) can have significant effects on the calculated surface and Donnan potentials, at ionic strengths of I less than or equal to 0.01 M, and that these effects need to be considered in accurate modeling of microbial surface. In addition, the calculated ion concentration profiles show that owing to the relatively high surface charges that can develop in microbial membranes, electrostatic effects can act to significantly concentrate divalent (factors of 5 times 10 super(3)) and trivalent (factors of 2 times 10 super(4)) cations within the bacterial cell wall. Comparison of the calculated concentration factors with those derived from experiments shows that a significant fraction of the uptake of metal by bacteria can be explained by the proposed electrostatic model. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Wasserman, E AU - Felmy, A R AD - Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS K8-96, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA, evgeny@emsl.pnl.gov Y1 - 1998/06// PY - 1998 DA - Jun 1998 SP - 2295 EP - 2300 VL - 64 IS - 6 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Donnan potential KW - surface potential KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Membranes KW - Models KW - A 01118:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17571622?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Computation+of+the+electrical+double+layer+properties+of+semipermeable+membranes+in+multicomponent+electrolytes&rft.au=Wasserman%2C+E%3BFelmy%2C+A+R&rft.aulast=Wasserman&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1998-06-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2295&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Membranes; Models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic model for trichloroethylene considering enterohepatic recirculation of major metabolites AN - 16506335; 4394112 AB - Trichloroacetic acid (TCA) is a major metabolite of trichloroethylene (TRI) thought to contribute to its hepatocarcinogenic effects in mice. Recent studies have shown that peak blood concentrations of TCA in rats do not occur until approximately 12 hours following an oral dose of TRI. However, blood concentrations of TRI reach a maximum within an hour and are nondetectable after 2 hours. The results of a study which examined the enterohepatic recirculation (EHC) of the principle TRI metabolites was used to develop a physiologically-based pharmacokinetic model for TRI, which includes enterohepatic recirculation of its metabolites. The model quantitatively predicts the uptake, distribution and elimination of TRI, trichloroethanol, trichloroethanol-glucuronide, and TCA and includes production of metabolites through the enterohepatic recirculation pathway. Physiologic parameters used in the model were obtained from the literature. Parameters for TRI metabolism were taken from Fisher et al. Other kinetic parameters were found in the literature or estimated from experimental data. The model was calibrated to data from experiments of an earlier study where TRI was orally administered. Verification of the model was conducted using data on the enterohepatic recirculation of TCEOH and TCA, chloral hydrate data (infusion doses) from Merdink, and TRI data from Templin and Larson and Bull. JF - Risk Analysis AU - Stenner, R D AU - Merdink, J L AU - Fisher, J W AU - Bull, R J AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Battelle Memorial Institute, Richland, WA 99352, USA, rd-stenner@prl.gov Y1 - 1998/06// PY - 1998 DA - Jun 1998 SP - 261 EP - 269 VL - 18 IS - 3 SN - 0272-4332, 0272-4332 KW - pharmacokinetics KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24153:Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16506335?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+Analysis&rft.atitle=Physiologically-based+pharmacokinetic+model+for+trichloroethylene+considering+enterohepatic+recirculation+of+major+metabolites&rft.au=Stenner%2C+R+D%3BMerdink%2C+J+L%3BFisher%2C+J+W%3BBull%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Stenner&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1998-06-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=261&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+Analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dichloroacetate and trichloroacetate promote clonal expansion of anchorage-independent hepatocytes in vivo and in vitro AN - 16494063; 4386254 AB - Dichloroacetate (DCA) and trichloroacetate (TCA) are hepatocarcinogenic by-products of water chlorination and metabolites of several industrial solvents. To determine whether DCA and TCA promote the clonal expansion of anchorage-independent liver cells in vitro, a modification of the soft agar assay (over agar assay) was utilized to quantitate growth and analyze phenotype of anchorage-independent hepatocellular colonies. Hepatocytes from naive male B6C3F1 mice were isolated and cultured with 0-2.0 mM DCA or TCA over agar for 10 days, at which time colonies of eight cells or more were scored. Both DCA and TCA promoted the formation of anchorage-independent colonies in a dose-dependent manner. Immunocytochemical analysis using a c-Jun antibody demonstrated that colonies promoted by DCA were primarily c-Jun super(+), whereas TCA-promoted colonies were primarily c-Jun super(-). This corresponds to the differences in c-Jun immunoreactivity reported in tumors induced by DCA and TCA. Neither DCA nor TCA induced c-Jun expression in hepatocyte monolayers, indicating that these haloacetates selectively affect subpopulations of anchorage-independent hepatocytes. The latency of colony formation was decreased by the concentration of DCA, although the same number of colonies appeared after 25 days in culture at all DCA concentrations used. The plating density of hepatocytes also affected colony formation. At lower cell densities, promotion of colony formation by DCA was significantly reduced. Pretreatment of male B6C3F1 mice with 0.5 g/liter DCA in drinking water resulted in a fourfold increase in in vitro colony formation above hepatocytes isolated from naive mice, suggesting that DCA is promoting the clonal expansion of anchorage-independent hepatocytes in vivo. Results from this study indicate that DCA and TCA promote the survival and growth of initiated cells. Furthermore, results from over agar assays reflect observations made in vivo, indicating this assay provides a valid means to investigate the mechanism by which chemicals promote clonal expansion of initiated hepatocytes. JF - Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology AU - Stauber, A J AU - Bull, R J AU - Thrall, B D AD - Molecular Biosciences Department, MS-IN: P7-56, Battelle, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA, Brian.Thrall@pnl.gov Y1 - 1998/06// PY - 1998 DA - Jun 1998 SP - 287 EP - 294 VL - 150 IS - 2 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24151:Acute exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16494063?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=Dichloroacetate+and+trichloroacetate+promote+clonal+expansion+of+anchorage-independent+hepatocytes+in+vivo+and+in+vitro&rft.au=Stauber%2C+A+J%3BBull%2C+R+J%3BThrall%2C+B+D&rft.aulast=Stauber&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1998-06-01&rft.volume=150&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=287&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Commentary on fate and exposure models; description of the Multimedia Environmental Pollutant Assessment System (MEPAS (super R) ) version 3.2, with application to a hypothetical soil contamination scenario AN - 52237529; 2001-034039 JF - Journal of Soil Contamination AU - McDonald, John P AU - Gelston, Gariann M AU - Clark, Kathryn E AU - Richardson, G Mark Y1 - 1998/05// PY - 1998 DA - May 1998 SP - 283 EP - 300 PB - Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, FL VL - 7 IS - 3 SN - 1058-8337, 1058-8337 KW - soils KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - concentration KW - biodegradation KW - toxic materials KW - contaminant plumes KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - mathematical models KW - decision-making KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - carcinogens KW - Multimedia Environmental Pollutant Assessment System KW - toxicity KW - risk assessment KW - mobility KW - point sources KW - MEPAS KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52237529?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Soil+Contamination&rft.atitle=Commentary+on+fate+and+exposure+models%3B+description+of+the+Multimedia+Environmental+Pollutant+Assessment+System+%28MEPAS+%28super+R%29+%29+version+3.2%2C+with+application+to+a+hypothetical+soil+contamination+scenario&rft.au=McDonald%2C+John+P%3BGelston%2C+Gariann+M%3BClark%2C+Kathryn+E%3BRichardson%2C+G+Mark&rft.aulast=McDonald&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1998-05-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=283&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Soil+Contamination&rft.issn=10588337&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - PubXState - FL N1 - Document feature - 15 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; biodegradation; carcinogens; concentration; contaminant plumes; decision-making; ground water; mathematical models; MEPAS; mobility; Multimedia Environmental Pollutant Assessment System; point sources; pollutants; pollution; porous materials; remediation; risk assessment; soils; toxic materials; toxicity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating concentrations in plumes released in the vicinity of buildings: Model development AN - 17256090; 4542037 AB - A model is developed for near-field diffusion of effluents released on and near buildings. The model consists of low- and high-speed diffusion increments to the dispersion parameters in a Gaussian plume model. Building wake turbulence and diffusion data are used to evaluate model parameters. These data indicate that the low wind speed diffusion increment is both appropriate and necessary. They also indicate that the high-speed increment is appropriate, but that it is unnecessary. A companion paper compares model concentration predictions with measured concentrations, with concentrations predicted by standard wake models, and with concentrations predicted by alternative, non-Gaussian models designed to estimate bounding concentrations in building wakes. The model is shown to be conservative and predict concentrations in the vicinity of buildings better than other models. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Ramsdell, JV Jr AU - Fosmire, C J AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA, j_ramsdell@pnl.gov Y1 - 1998/05// PY - 1998 DA - May 1998 SP - 1663 EP - 1677 VL - 32 IS - 10 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Mathematical models KW - Pollution dispersion KW - Effluents KW - Buildings KW - Air pollution KW - Diffusion KW - Plumes KW - Wind KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17256090?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Estimating+concentrations+in+plumes+released+in+the+vicinity+of+buildings%3A+Model+development&rft.au=Ramsdell%2C+JV+Jr%3BFosmire%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Ramsdell&rft.aufirst=JV&rft.date=1998-05-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1663&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pollution dispersion; Diffusion; Air pollution; Mathematical models; Plumes; Wind; Buildings; Effluents ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Formation mechanisms and chemical characteristics of elevated photochemical layers over the northeast United States AN - 17108570; 4408060 AB - The chemical composition of layers of trace gas mixtures within the lower troposphere and their relationship to surface trace gas concentrations are investigated using airborne chemistry and meteorological measurements made over eastern Connecticut and central Massachusetts. Layers of photochemically aged material were identified by maxima above the surface stable layer in the profiles of O sub(3), NO sub(y), CO, aerosols, peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN), and the ratio of highly to lesser reactive hydrocarbons (e.g., benzene and toluene). Observations suggest that strong diurnal variations in surface-ozone mixing ratios are associated with elevated layers of ozone and other trace gases. The elevated layers were also associated with strong gradients of NO sub(x) both vertically, across the mixed layer, and horizontally, between urban and rural regions, providing evidence for the dominant role of localized anthropogenic NO sub(x) emissions over North America on ozone production in urban regions. On days when elevated layers were detected, isoprene's late-morning propene-equivalent mixing ratio (a measure of nonmethane hydrocarbon reactivity with OH) was an order of magnitude greater than that of the next most reactive species up to an altitude of 650 m mean sea level. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research. D. Atmospheres AU - Berkowitz, C M AU - Fast, J D AU - Springston AU - Larsen, R J AU - Spicer, C W AU - Doskey, P V AU - Hubbe, J M AU - Plastridge, R AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA Y1 - 1998/05// PY - 1998 DA - May 1998 SP - 10 EP - 10,647 VL - 103 IS - D9 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - USA, Connecticut KW - USA, Massachusetts KW - USA, Northeast KW - peroxyacetyl nitrate KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Aerosols KW - Chemical composition KW - Hydrocarbons KW - Troposphere KW - Nitrogen oxides KW - Carbon monoxide KW - Photochemicals KW - Atmospheric chemistry KW - Ozone KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17108570?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+D.+Atmospheres&rft.atitle=Formation+mechanisms+and+chemical+characteristics+of+elevated+photochemical+layers+over+the+northeast+United+States&rft.au=Berkowitz%2C+C+M%3BFast%2C+J+D%3BSpringston%3BLarsen%2C+R+J%3BSpicer%2C+C+W%3BDoskey%2C+P+V%3BHubbe%2C+J+M%3BPlastridge%2C+R&rft.aulast=Berkowitz&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1998-05-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=D9&rft.spage=10&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+D.+Atmospheres&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Troposphere; Photochemicals; Atmospheric chemistry; Hydrocarbons; Aerosols; Chemical composition; Carbon monoxide; Ozone; Nitrogen oxides ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Novel biological process for L-DOPA production from L-tyrosine by p-hydroxyphenylacetate 3-hydroxylase AN - 16545693; 4354977 AB - A novel biological method was developed for the production of L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) from L-tyrosine by p-hydroxyphenylacetate 3-hydroxylase of Escherichia coli strain W (ATCC 11105). About 48 mM (or 1% w/v) L-DOPA was obtained by a fed batch operation in 50 h when a recombinant strain constitutively producing the enzyme was used. JF - Biotechnology Letters AU - Lee, Jang-Young AU - Xun, Luying AD - Environmental Microbiology Group, Battelle Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, K4-06, Richland WA 99352, USA Y1 - 1998/05// PY - 1998 DA - May 1998 SP - 479 EP - 482 VL - 20 IS - 5 SN - 0141-5492, 0141-5492 KW - levodopa KW - tyrosine KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts KW - Fed-batch culture KW - 4-Hydroxyphenylacetate 3-monooxygenase KW - Escherichia coli KW - W2 32250:Others KW - W2 32340:Other peptides, proteins, amino acids KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16545693?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+Letters&rft.atitle=Novel+biological+process+for+L-DOPA+production+from+L-tyrosine+by+p-hydroxyphenylacetate+3-hydroxylase&rft.au=Lee%2C+Jang-Young%3BXun%2C+Luying&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Jang-Young&rft.date=1998-05-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=479&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+Letters&rft.issn=01415492&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Escherichia coli; 4-Hydroxyphenylacetate 3-monooxygenase; Fed-batch culture ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrological effects of land-use change in a zero-order catchment AN - 52585762; 1998-031149 JF - Journal of Hydrologic Engineering AU - Burges, Stephen J AU - Wigmosta, Mark S AU - Meena, Jack M Y1 - 1998/04// PY - 1998 DA - April 1998 SP - 86 EP - 97 PB - American Society of Civil Engineers, New York, NY VL - 3 IS - 2 SN - 1084-0699, 1084-0699 KW - United States KW - Novelty Hill Basin KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - urbanization KW - simulation KW - urban environment KW - ground water KW - Puget Sound KW - mitigation KW - drainage basins KW - storms KW - construction KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - forests KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - time series analysis KW - human activity KW - statistical analysis KW - channels KW - King County Washington KW - water balance KW - evapotranspiration KW - models KW - Klahanie drainage basin KW - recharge KW - streamflow KW - runoff KW - seasonal variations KW - geomorphology KW - land use KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52585762?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrologic+Engineering&rft.atitle=Hydrological+effects+of+land-use+change+in+a+zero-order+catchment&rft.au=Burges%2C+Stephen+J%3BWigmosta%2C+Mark+S%3BMeena%2C+Jack+M&rft.aulast=Burges&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=1998-04-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=86&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrologic+Engineering&rft.issn=10840699&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://scitation.aip.org/heo/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmospheric precipitation; channels; construction; drainage basins; evapotranspiration; forests; geomorphology; ground water; human activity; hydrology; King County Washington; Klahanie drainage basin; land use; mitigation; models; monitoring; Novelty Hill Basin; Puget Sound; recharge; runoff; seasonal variations; simulation; soils; statistical analysis; storms; streamflow; time series analysis; United States; urban environment; urbanization; Washington; water balance ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A parametric model for prediction relative permeability-saturation-capillary pressure relationships of oil-water systems in porous media with mixed wettability AN - 52483194; 1999-033029 JF - Transport in Porous Media AU - Lenhard, R J AU - Oostrom, M Y1 - 1998/04// PY - 1998 DA - April 1998 SP - 109 EP - 131 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 31 IS - 1 SN - 0169-3913, 0169-3913 KW - water KW - petroleum engineering KW - hysteresis KW - capillary pressure KW - statistical analysis KW - porous materials KW - petroleum KW - oil-water interface KW - reservoir rocks KW - least-squares analysis KW - models KW - water pressure KW - saturation KW - multiphase flow KW - wettability KW - permeability KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52483194?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.atitle=A+parametric+model+for+prediction+relative+permeability-saturation-capillary+pressure+relationships+of+oil-water+systems+in+porous+media+with+mixed+wettability&rft.au=Lenhard%2C+R+J%3BOostrom%2C+M&rft.aulast=Lenhard&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1998-04-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=109&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.issn=01693913&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://springerlink.metapress.com/(l4tqdq55jga2hgb0achos1qm)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100342,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - capillary pressure; hysteresis; least-squares analysis; models; multiphase flow; oil-water interface; permeability; petroleum; petroleum engineering; porous materials; reservoir rocks; saturation; statistical analysis; water; water pressure; wettability ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simulation of geologic patterns; a comparison of stochastic simulation techniques for groundwater transport modeling AN - 52262656; 2001-012329 AB - Stochastic models have been used extensively to represent uncertainty in the spatial distribution of aquifer properties and its impact on prediction of groundwater flow and transport behavior. Because natural porous media are often strongly heterogeneous and exhibit complex spatial structure, it is not possible for any model to completely characterize the spatial distribution of aquifer properties. Several models have been proposed, each of which relies on specific assumptions regarding the character of natural spatial structure. In this study we have performed a direct comparison of the performance of a number of stochastic simulation methods, using a geologically realistic synthetic dataset as the basis for such a comparison. The methods are evaluated in a Monte Carlo sense through comparison of the predicted distributions of a variety of measures of flow and transport behavior. The results indicate that classical (second-order) stochastic models can be expected to provide biased and nonconservative predictions of many practical measures of flow and transport behavior and to underestimate the uncertainty in those predictions. These empirical results are supported by theoretical arguments based on statistical entropy. Models that preserve the spatial continuity of geologic facies to a greater degree provide better predictions of flow and transport behavior. JF - SEPM Concepts in Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology AU - Scheibe, Timothy D AU - Murray, Christopher J A2 - Fraser, Gordon S. A2 - Davis, J. Matthew Y1 - 1998/04// PY - 1998 DA - April 1998 SP - 107 EP - 118 PB - SEPM (Society for Sedimentary Geology), Tulsa, OK VL - 1 KW - solute transport KW - numerical models KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - prediction KW - porous materials KW - simulation KW - porosity KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - models KW - transport KW - stochastic processes KW - quantitative analysis KW - hydrodynamics KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - heterogeneity KW - accuracy KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52262656?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SEPM+Concepts+in+Hydrogeology+and+Environmental+Geology&rft.atitle=Simulation+of+geologic+patterns%3B+a+comparison+of+stochastic+simulation+techniques+for+groundwater+transport+modeling&rft.au=Scheibe%2C+Timothy+D%3BMurray%2C+Christopher+J&rft.aulast=Scheibe&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft.date=1998-04-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=107&rft.isbn=1565760522&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SEPM+Concepts+in+Hydrogeology+and+Environmental+Geology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #05490 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; aquifers; ground water; heterogeneity; hydraulic conductivity; hydrodynamics; models; Monte Carlo analysis; numerical models; porosity; porous materials; prediction; quantitative analysis; simulation; solute transport; statistical analysis; stochastic processes; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Earthworm collaborative development report AN - 51034696; 1998-052301 JF - Seismological Research Letters AU - Dietz, L D AU - Kohler, W M AU - Luetgert, J H AU - Pitt, M AU - Bittenbinder, A N AU - Bogaert, B M AU - Ketchum, D AU - Lombard, P AU - Johnson, C E AU - Chavez, D E AU - Kragness, D AU - Moon, B AU - Rohay, A C AU - Shedlock, Kaye M AU - Sheehan, Anne F Y1 - 1998/04// PY - 1998 DA - April 1998 SP - 163 PB - Seismological Society of America, Eastern Section, [Berkeley, CA] VL - 69 IS - 2 SN - 0895-0695, 0895-0695 KW - systems KW - computer programs KW - Earthworm KW - seismicity KW - report KW - data processing KW - applications KW - seismic networks KW - earthquakes KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51034696?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Earthworm+collaborative+development+report&rft.au=Dietz%2C+L+D%3BKohler%2C+W+M%3BLuetgert%2C+J+H%3BPitt%2C+M%3BBittenbinder%2C+A+N%3BBogaert%2C+B+M%3BKetchum%2C+D%3BLombard%2C+P%3BJohnson%2C+C+E%3BChavez%2C+D+E%3BKragness%2C+D%3BMoon%2C+B%3BRohay%2C+A+C%3BShedlock%2C+Kaye+M%3BSheehan%2C+Anne+F&rft.aulast=Dietz&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1998-04-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=163&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.issn=08950695&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Seismological Society of America 93rd annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CA] N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EAQNAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; computer programs; data processing; earthquakes; Earthworm; report; seismic networks; seismicity; systems ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multidimensional, multicomponent, subsurface reactive transport in nonuniform velocity fields: code verification using an advective reactive streamtube approach AN - 16435627; 4336205 AB - High performance computing has made possible the development of high resolution, multidimensional, multicomponent reactive transport models that can be used to analyze complex geochemical environments. However, as increasingly complex processes are included in these models, the accuracy of the numerical formulation coupling the nonlinear processes becomes difficult to verify. Analytical solutions are not available for realistically complex problems and benchmark solutions are not generally available for specific problems. We present an advective reactive streamtube (ARS) transport technique that efficiently provides accurate solutions of nonlinear multicomponent reactive transport in nonuniform multidimensional velocity fields. These solutions can be compared with results from Eulerian-based advection-dispersion-reaction models to evaluate the accuracy of the numerical formulation used. The ARS technique includes mixed equilibrium and kinetic complexation and precipitation-dissolution reactions subject to the following assumptions: (1) transport is purely advective (i.e., no explicit diffusion or dispersion), and (2) chemistry is described by a canonical system of reactions that evolves with time and is unaffected by position in space. Results from the ARS technique are compared with results from the massively parallel, multicomponent reactive transport model MCTRACKER on a test problem involving irreversible oxidation of organic carbon and reaction of the oxidation products with two immobile mineral phases, gypsum and calcite, and fifteen aqueous complexes. Truncation error, operator splitting error, and the nonlinear transformation of these errors in the high-resolution reactive transport model are identified for this problem. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Yabusaki, S B AU - Steefel, C I AU - Wood, B D AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA Y1 - 1998/04// PY - 1998 DA - Apr 1998 SP - 299 EP - 331 VL - 30 IS - 3-4 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - ARS KW - MCTRACKER KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - SW 0880:Chemical processes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16435627?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Multidimensional%2C+multicomponent%2C+subsurface+reactive+transport+in+nonuniform+velocity+fields%3A+code+verification+using+an+advective+reactive+streamtube+approach&rft.au=Yabusaki%2C+S+B%3BSteefel%2C+C+I%3BWood%2C+B+D&rft.aulast=Yabusaki&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1998-04-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=299&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The LNT model is appropriate for the estimation of risk from low-level (less than 100 mSv/year) radiation, and low levels of radon in homes should be considered harmful to health. AN - 79796181; 9547493 JF - Medical physics AU - Strom, D J AU - Cameron, J R AU - Cohen, B L AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352-0999, USA. dj_strom@pnl.gov Y1 - 1998/03// PY - 1998 DA - March 1998 SP - 273 EP - 278 VL - 25 IS - 3 SN - 0094-2405, 0094-2405 KW - Radon KW - Q74S4N8N1G KW - Index Medicus KW - Risk Factors KW - Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced -- epidemiology KW - Humans KW - Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced -- mortality KW - Radiation Injuries -- epidemiology KW - Risk Assessment KW - Radiation Injuries -- mortality KW - Radiation Dosage KW - Housing KW - Radon -- adverse effects KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79796181?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Medical+physics&rft.atitle=The+LNT+model+is+appropriate+for+the+estimation+of+risk+from+low-level+%28less+than+100+mSv%2Fyear%29+radiation%2C+and+low+levels+of+radon+in+homes+should+be+considered+harmful+to+health.&rft.au=Strom%2C+D+J%3BCameron%2C+J+R%3BCohen%2C+B+L&rft.aulast=Strom&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1998-03-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=273&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Medical+physics&rft.issn=00942405&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1998-05-22 N1 - Date created - 1998-05-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-18 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of relative permeability-saturation-pressure parametric models for infiltration and redistribution of a light nonaqueous-phase liquid in sandy porous media AN - 52603241; 1998-033004 JF - Advances in Water Resources AU - Oostrom, M AU - Lenhard, R J A2 - Mayer, A. S. A2 - Lenhard, R. J. Y1 - 1998/03// PY - 1998 DA - March 1998 SP - 145 EP - 157 PB - Elsevier VL - 21 IS - 2 SN - 0309-1708, 0309-1708 KW - hysteresis KW - numerical models KW - pollution KW - light nonaqueous phase liquids KW - porous materials KW - mathematical models KW - simulation KW - porosity KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - size distribution KW - saturation KW - infiltration KW - multiphase flow KW - permeability KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52603241?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+relative+permeability-saturation-pressure+parametric+models+for+infiltration+and+redistribution+of+a+light+nonaqueous-phase+liquid+in+sandy+porous+media&rft.au=Oostrom%2C+M%3BLenhard%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Oostrom&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1998-03-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=145&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.issn=03091708&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03091708 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 39 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Special issue N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; ground water; hysteresis; infiltration; light nonaqueous phase liquids; mathematical models; multiphase flow; nonaqueous phase liquids; numerical models; permeability; pollution; porosity; porous materials; saturation; simulation; size distribution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Composite analysis for low-level waste disposal in the 200 area plateau of the Hanford Site AN - 52416325; 2000-000219 AB - This report presents the first iteration of the Composite Analysis for Low-Level Waste Disposal in the 200 Area Plateau of the Hanford Site (Composite Analysis) prepared in response to the U.S. Department of Energy Implementation Plan for the Defense Nuclear Facility Safety Board Recommendation 94-2. The Composite Analysis is a companion document to published analyses of four active or planned low-level waste disposal actions: the solid waste burial grounds in the 200 West Area, the solid waste burial grounds in the 200 East Area, the Environmental Restoration Disposal Facility, and the disposal facilities for immobilized low-activity waste. The 100 mrem in a year limit was the maximum allowable all-pathways dose for 1000 years following Hanford Site closure, which is assumed to occur in 2050. These performance objectives apply to an accessible environment defined as the area between a buffer zone surrounding an exclusive waste management area on the 200 Area Plateau, and the Columbia River. Estimating doses to hypothetical future members of the public for the Composite Analysis was a multistep process involving the estimation or simulation of inventories; waste release to the environment; migration through the vadose zone, groundwater, and atmospheric pathways; and exposure and dose. Doses were estimated for scenarios based on agriculture, residential, industrial, and recreational land use. The radionuclides included in the vadose zone and groundwater pathway analyses of future releases were carbon-14, chlorine-36, selenium-79, technetium-99, iodine-129, and uranium isotopes. JF - PNNL. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory AU - Kincaid, C T AU - Bergeron, M P AU - Cole, C R Y1 - 1998/03// PY - 1998 DA - March 1998 SP - 579 PB - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA KW - United States KW - soils KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - migration of elements KW - simulation KW - remediation KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - waste management KW - waste disposal KW - low-level waste KW - underground disposal KW - land use KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52416325?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Kincaid%2C+C+T%3BBergeron%2C+M+P%3BCole%2C+C+R&rft.aulast=Kincaid&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1998-03-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Composite+analysis+for+low-level+waste+disposal+in+the+200+area+plateau+of+the+Hanford+Site&rft.title=Composite+analysis+for+low-level+waste+disposal+in+the+200+area+plateau+of+the+Hanford+Site&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.pnl.gov/publications/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from NTIS database, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, (703)605-6000, order number DE98052818NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - WA N1 - SuppNotes - Contract AC06-76RL01830 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04694 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; ground water; Hanford Site; land use; low-level waste; migration of elements; monitoring; pollution; radioactive waste; remediation; simulation; soils; underground disposal; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington; waste disposal; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Degradation of carbon tetrachloride by iron metal; complexation effects on the oxide surface AN - 51039656; 1998-032000 AB - Dehalogenation of chlorinated aliphatic contaminants at the surface of zero-valent iron metal (Fe (super 0) ) is mediated by the thin film of iron (hydr)oxides found on Fe (super 0) under environmental conditions. To evaluate the role this oxide film plays in the reduction of chlorinated methanes, carbon tetrachloride (CCl (sub 4) ) degradation by Fe (super 0) was studied under the influence of various anions, ligands, and initial CCl (sub 4) concentrations ([P] (sub o) ). Over the range of conditions examined in these batch experiments, the reaction kinetics could be characterized by surface-area-normalized rate constants that were pseudo-first order for CCl (sub 4) disappearance (k (sub CCl4) ), and zero order for the appearance of dissolved Fe (super 2+) (k (sub Fe2+) ). The rate of dechlorination exhibits saturation kinetics with respect to [P] (sub o) , suggesting that CCl (sub 4) is transformed at a limited number of reactive surface sites. Because oxidation of Fe (super 0) by CCl (sub 4) is the major corrosion reaction in these systems, k (sub Fe2+) also approaches a limiting value at high CCl (sub 4) concentrations. The adsorption of borate strongly inhibited reduction of CCl (sub 4) , but a concomitant addition of chloride partially offset this effect by destabilizing the film. Redox active ligands (catechol and ascorbate), and those that are not redox active (EDTA and acetate), all decreased k (sub CCl4) (and k (sub Fe2+) ). Thus, it appears that the relatively strong complexation of these ligands at the oxide-electrolyte interface blocks the sites where weak interactions with the metal oxide lead to dehalogenation of chlorinated aliphatic compounds. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Johnson, Timothy L AU - Fish, William AU - Gorby, Yuri A AU - Tratnyek, Paul G Y1 - 1998/03// PY - 1998 DA - March 1998 SP - 379 EP - 398 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 29 IS - 4 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - concentration KW - degradation KW - pollutants KW - complexing KW - dehalogenation KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - pollution KW - iron KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - carbon tetrachloride KW - aquifers KW - ferric iron KW - organic compounds KW - ligands KW - chemical reactions KW - metals KW - hydrocarbons KW - chemical properties KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - kinetics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51039656?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Degradation+of+carbon+tetrachloride+by+iron+metal%3B+complexation+effects+on+the+oxide+surface&rft.au=Johnson%2C+Timothy+L%3BFish%2C+William%3BGorby%2C+Yuri+A%3BTratnyek%2C+Paul+G&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft.date=1998-03-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=379&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 85 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; carbon tetrachloride; chemical properties; chemical reactions; chlorinated hydrocarbons; complexing; concentration; degradation; dehalogenation; ferric iron; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; iron; kinetics; ligands; metals; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; remediation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The relationship of scattered subharmonic, 3.3-MHz fundamental and second harmonic signals to damage of monolayer cells by ultrasonically activated Albunex. AN - 85416849; pmid-9479770 AB - Cultured Chinese hamster ovary cells attached to thin Mylar sheets were exposed to 3.3-MHz ultrasound in the presence of Albunex ultrasound contrast agent. The ultrasound beam was directed upward at the exposure chamber with the monolayer on the inside of the upper acoustic window. Cell membrane damage was detected by the firefly enzyme assay for released ATP and the subharmonic, fundamental, and second harmonic scattered signals were recorded. ATP release increased monotonically with increasing pressure amplitude above apparent thresholds of 0.28 MPa for 1-s continuous and 0.56 MPa for 100-s pulsed (10-microseconds pulses, 1-ms PRP) exposures with 5% Albunex. The subharmonic signal and, to a lesser extent, the second harmonic signal both increased with the cell membrane damage, which suggests that these signals have predictive value for bioeffects. If the monolayer was positioned on the front window of the exposure chamber, cell membrane damage was greatly reduced, which confirms the protective influence of this configuration of monolayers reported in the literature. The effect decreased both at high (50%) or low (0.5%) concentrations of Albunex. The strong nonlinear scattering of ultrasound by contrast agent gas bodies appears to provide useful indicators of gas body activity including cavitational bioeffects. JF - The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America AU - Miller, D L AU - Bao, S AD - Battelle Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA. Y1 - 1998/02// PY - 1998 DA - February 1998 SP - 1183 EP - 1189 VL - 103 IS - 2 SN - 0001-4966, 0001-4966 KW - Index Medicus KW - National Library of Medicine KW - Animals KW - Cell Membrane -- ultrasonography KW - Cell Membrane -- pathology KW - Cell Culture Techniques KW - Ultrasonography -- adverse effects KW - Female KW - Cricetinae KW - Ovary -- ultrasonography KW - Ovary -- pathology KW - Albumins KW - Contrast Media UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85416849?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+the+Acoustical+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=The+relationship+of+scattered+subharmonic%2C+3.3-MHz+fundamental+and+second+harmonic+signals+to+damage+of+monolayer+cells+by+ultrasonically+activated+Albunex.&rft.au=Miller%2C+D+L%3BBao%2C+S&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1998-02-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=1183&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+the+Acoustical+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00014966&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ComDisDome N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-14 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of salicylate-alumina surface complexes by polarized fluorescence spectroscopy AN - 52608463; 1998-031711 AB - Salicylate adsorption on delta -Al (sub 2) O (sub 3) using fluorescence spectroscopy combined with conventional adsorption isotherms, pH and ionic strength dependent adsorption edges, is reported. The results of the sorption measurements indicate the coesistence of inner-sphere and outer-sphere complexes. Three types of inner-sphere complexes are: one bidentate complex in which surface Al binds to the phenoxide O and one carboxylate O; two monodentate complexes in which Al binds only to the carboxylate group or only to the phenoxide O. At low salicylate surface coverage, the bidentate complex is predominant with the coexistence of a phenoxide-type monodentate complex. At medium to high surface coverage all three inner-sphere complexes exist. In all three complexes, salicylate is tightly bound to the surface aluminol sites. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Ainsworth, C C AU - Friedrich, D M AU - Gassman, P L AU - Wang, Z AU - Joly, A G Y1 - 1998/02// PY - 1998 DA - February 1998 SP - 595 EP - 612 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 62 IS - 4 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - complexing KW - adsorption KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - aluminum oxides KW - fluorescence KW - salicyclates KW - X-ray fluorescence spectra KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52608463?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+salicylate-alumina+surface+complexes+by+polarized+fluorescence+spectroscopy&rft.au=Ainsworth%2C+C+C%3BFriedrich%2C+D+M%3BGassman%2C+P+L%3BWang%2C+Z%3BJoly%2C+A+G&rft.aulast=Ainsworth&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1998-02-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=595&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2897%2900375-X L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 79 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; aluminum oxides; complexing; fluorescence; geochemistry; organic acids; organic compounds; oxides; pH; salicyclates; spectra; X-ray fluorescence spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(97)00375-X ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Improvements to the quantitative assay of nonrefractory minerals for Fe(II) and total Fe using 1,10-phenanthroline AN - 52607942; 1998-029899 AB - A method using 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) to quantify Fe(II) and total Fe in nonrefractory minerals was modified to improve the accuracy and precision and to eliminate the inconvenience of performing much of the analysis under darkroom conditions. Reagents were combined to minimize solution-handling errors, volumes of the reagent additions were determined gravimetrically and the acid-matrix solution was preheated to near-boiling before sample contact. The darkness requirement, which stems from the photoreduction of Fe(III) to Fe(II) in the presence of phen, was eliminated by the use of opaque amber-colored high-density-polyethylene bottles during the digestion step and for storage of the digestate and subsequent dilutions before Fe(II) analysis. Reduction of Fe(III) for total-Fe analysis was accomplished either by exposure to light from a Hg-vapor lamp or by reaction with hydroxylamine, NH (sub 2) OH. Although the minimum periods required for adequate reduction ranged from 1.5 to 4 h, the optimum reduction periods were between 6 and 10 h. When standard samples containing Fe(II) and MnCl (sub 2) were digested and analyzed for total-Fe using the light treatment (with incidental heating to 35-45 degrees C), significant decreases and in some instances, oscillations, in absorptivity were obtained. Similar experiments with NH (sub 2) OH, or with CrCl (sub 3) showed no effect. The absorptivity of most digestates stored in opaque bottles was stable for at least 2 weeks, although digestates with Mn concentrations above 3 mu g mL (super -1) showed proportional decreases in absorptivity. Analysis of 8 geochemical reference materials by the modified method (using NH (sub 2) OH) yielded excellent agreement with published values and a mean relative standard deviation of 0.6%. Total-Fe results obtained using the light treatment, however, were generally lower ( approximately 2% relative) than the NH (sub 2) OH values, although this difference decreased with longer irradiation periods. Use of NH (sub 2) OH was deemed preferable because it was simpler, faster, minimized interferences from Mn and eliminated the need for specialized apparatus. Lastly, MICA Fe was shown to be unreliable as a primary reference material for Fe(II) determinations. JF - Clays and Clay Minerals AU - Amonette, James E AU - Tampleton, J Charles Y1 - 1998/02// PY - 1998 DA - February 1998 SP - 51 EP - 62 PB - Clay Minerals Society, Clarkson, NY VL - 46 IS - 1 SN - 0009-8604, 0009-8604 KW - oscillatory reaction KW - experimental studies KW - hydroxylamine KW - cation exchange capacity KW - clay mineralogy KW - polyethylene KW - organo-metallics KW - iron KW - phenanthroline KW - nonrefractory materials KW - absorption KW - Belousov-Zhabotinsky Reaction KW - metals KW - chemical properties KW - chemical composition KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52607942?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clays+and+Clay+Minerals&rft.atitle=Improvements+to+the+quantitative+assay+of+nonrefractory+minerals+for+Fe%28II%29+and+total+Fe+using+1%2C10-phenanthroline&rft.au=Amonette%2C+James+E%3BTampleton%2C+J+Charles&rft.aulast=Amonette&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=1998-02-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=51&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clays+and+Clay+Minerals&rft.issn=00098604&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CLCMAB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absorption; Belousov-Zhabotinsky Reaction; cation exchange capacity; chemical composition; chemical properties; clay mineralogy; experimental studies; geochemistry; hydroxylamine; iron; kinetics; metals; nonrefractory materials; organo-metallics; oscillatory reaction; phenanthroline; polyethylene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hanford site groundwater monitoring for fiscal year 1997 AN - 52414733; 2000-000065 AB - This report presents the results of groundwater and vadose-zone monitoring for fiscal year (FY) 1997 on the Hanford Site, Washington. Soil-vapor extraction continued in the 200-West Area to remove carbon tetrachloride from the vadose zone. Characterization and monitoring of the vadose zone comprised primarily spectral gamma logging, soil-vapor monitoring, and analysis and characterization of sediments sampled below a vadose-zone monitoring well. Source-term analyses for strontium-90 in 100-N Area vadose-zone sediments were performed using recent groundwater-monitoring data and knowledge of strontium's ion-exchange properties. Water-level monitoring was performed to evaluate groundwater-flow directions, to track changes in water levels, and to relate such changes to evolving disposal practices. Water levels over most of the Hanford Site continued to decline between June 1996 and June 1997. Water levels near the Columbia River increased during this period because the river stage was unusually high. Groundwater chemistry was monitored to track the extent of contamination, to note trends, and to identify emerging groundwater-quality problems. The most widespread radiological contaminant plumes were tritium and iodine-129. Concentrations of technetium-99, uranium, strontium-90, and carbon-14 also exceeded drinking water standards in smaller plumes. Plutonium and cesium-137 exceeded standards only near the 216-B-5 injection well. Derived concentration guide levels specified in U.S. Department of Energy Order 5400.5 were exceeded for tritium, uranium, strontium-90, and plutonium in small plumes or single wells. Nitrate is the most extensive chemical contaminant. Carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, chromium, cis-1,2-dichloroethylene, fluoride, and trichloroethylene also were present in smaller areas at levels above their maximum contaminant levels. Cyanide concentrations were elevated in one area but were below the maximum contaminant level. JF - PNNL. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory AU - Hartman, M J AU - Dresel, P E Y1 - 1998/02// PY - 1998 DA - February 1998 SP - 614 PB - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA KW - United States KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - water quality KW - Sr-90 KW - isotopes KW - plutonium KW - soil vapor extraction KW - halogens KW - unsaturated zone KW - tritium KW - drinking water KW - ground water KW - iodine KW - radioactive isotopes KW - I-129 KW - cesium KW - technetium KW - concentration KW - alkaline earth metals KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - alkali metals KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - Tc-99 KW - migration of elements KW - aquifers KW - metals KW - hydrogen KW - uranium KW - actinides KW - strontium KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52414733?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Hartman%2C+M+J%3BDresel%2C+P+E&rft.aulast=Hartman&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1998-02-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Hanford+site+groundwater+monitoring+for+fiscal+year+1997&rft.title=Hanford+site+groundwater+monitoring+for+fiscal+year+1997&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.pnl.gov/publications/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from NTIS database, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, (703)605-6000, order number DE98052601NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - WA N1 - SuppNotes - Contract AC06-76RL01830 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04694 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; alkali metals; alkaline earth metals; aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; cesium; concentration; drinking water; ground water; halogens; Hanford Site; hydrogen; I-129; iodine; isotopes; metals; migration of elements; monitoring; plutonium; pollution; radioactive isotopes; soil vapor extraction; Sr-90; strontium; Tc-99; technetium; tritium; United States; unsaturated zone; uranium; Washington; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibition of PCR at low concentrations of template and its implications for quantitative RT-PCR AN - 16429547; 4318079 AB - Numerous instances of reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibition of the PCR were observed while developing nonquantitative uncoupled RT-PCR techniques for detecting nitrogenase and ammonia monooxygenase gene expression in situ. The inhibitory effect of RT on the PCR was removed with increasing template concentrations beyond 10 super(5) to 10 super(6) copies. Including T4 gene 32 protein during the reverse transcription phase of the RT-PCR reaction increased the RT-PCR product yield by as much as 483%; if gene 32 protein was introduced after reverse transcription but prior to the PCR phase, no improvement in product yield was observed. Addition of 1 mu g of exogenous calf thymus DNA or yeast tRNA did little to relieve RT inhibition of the PCR on both genomic DNA and mRNA templates. These results suggest that RT inhibition of the PCR is mediated through direct interaction with the specific primer-template combination (DNA and RNA) and point to specific assay modifications for estimating the extent of RT inhibition and counteracting some of the inhibitory effect. Furthermore, the working hypothesis of RT inhibition below a 10 super(5) to 10 super(6) copy threshold has important implications for quantitative RT-PCR studies. In particular, competitive, quantitative RT-PCR systems will consistently underestimate the actual RNA concentration. Hence, enumerations of RNA templates below 10 super(5) to 10 super(6) copies will be relative to an internal standard and will not be an absolute measure of RNA abundance in situ. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Chandler, D P AU - Wagnon, ChA AU - Bolton, H Jr AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Environmental Microbiology, 900 Battelle Blvd., Mail Stop K4-06, Richland, WA 99352, USA, dp-chandler@pnl.gov Y1 - 1998/02// PY - 1998 DA - Feb 1998 SP - 669 EP - 677 VL - 64 IS - 2 KW - Ammonia monooxygenase KW - RNA-directed DNA polymerase KW - RT-PCR KW - double prime T4 gene KW - ammonia monooxygenase KW - gene 32 protein KW - nitrogenase KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - N 14610:Occurrence, isolation & assay KW - J 02704:Enumeration UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16429547?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Reverse+transcriptase+%28RT%29+inhibition+of+PCR+at+low+concentrations+of+template+and+its+implications+for+quantitative+RT-PCR&rft.au=Chandler%2C+D+P%3BWagnon%2C+ChA%3BBolton%2C+H+Jr&rft.aulast=Chandler&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1998-02-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=669&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - (super 237) Np/ (super 239) Pu atom ratios in integrated global fallout; a reassessment of the production of (super 237) Np AN - 904458060; 2011-101046 JF - Journal of Environmental Radioactivity AU - Beasley, T M AU - Kelley, J M AU - Maiti, T C AU - Bond, L A Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 133 EP - 146 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 38 IS - 2 SN - 0265-931X, 0265-931X KW - United States KW - neptunium KW - Eastham Massachusetts KW - Np-237/Pu-239 KW - isotopes KW - plutonium KW - Pu-239 KW - mass spectra KW - ecosystems KW - radioactive isotopes KW - Massachusetts KW - tracers KW - spectra KW - nuclear explosions KW - fallout KW - activity KW - soils KW - concentration KW - Np-237 KW - explosions KW - global KW - pollution KW - Barnstable County Massachusetts KW - detection KW - metals KW - Pennsylvania KW - actinides KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/904458060?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Radioactivity&rft.atitle=%28super+237%29+Np%2F+%28super+239%29+Pu+atom+ratios+in+integrated+global+fallout%3B+a+reassessment+of+the+production+of+%28super+237%29+Np&rft.au=Beasley%2C+T+M%3BKelley%2C+J+M%3BMaiti%2C+T+C%3BBond%2C+L+A&rft.aulast=Beasley&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=133&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Radioactivity&rft.issn=0265931X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/0265931X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - Document feature - 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; activity; Barnstable County Massachusetts; concentration; detection; Eastham Massachusetts; ecosystems; explosions; fallout; global; isotopes; mass spectra; Massachusetts; metals; neptunium; Np-237; Np-237/Pu-239; nuclear explosions; Pennsylvania; plutonium; pollution; Pu-239; radioactive isotopes; soils; spectra; tracers; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Valuation of Ecological Resources and Functions AN - 899152546; 15668115 JF - Environmental Management AU - Scott, Michael J AU - Bilyard, Gordon R AU - Link, Steven O AU - Ulibarri, Carlos A AU - Westerdahl, Howard E AU - Ricci, Paolo F AU - Seely, Harold E AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA , US Y1 - 1998/01// PY - 1998 DA - January 1998 SP - 49 EP - 68 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 22 IS - 1 SN - 0364-152X, 0364-152X KW - Environment Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Ecology KW - Environment management KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/899152546?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Management&rft.atitle=Valuation+of+Ecological+Resources+and+Functions&rft.au=Scott%2C+Michael+J%3BBilyard%2C+Gordon+R%3BLink%2C+Steven+O%3BUlibarri%2C+Carlos+A%3BWesterdahl%2C+Howard+E%3BRicci%2C+Paolo+F%3BSeely%2C+Harold+E&rft.aulast=Scott&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=49&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Management&rft.issn=0364152X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs002679900083 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ecology; Environment management DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002679900083 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular statics calculations of proton binding to goethite surfaces; thermodynamic modeling of the surface charging and protonation to goethite in aqueous solution AN - 52612783; 1998-025917 AB - Reference is made to previous work by Rustad et al., in which molecular modelling was used to calculate the relative proton binding energies for specific sites on an oxide surface, although the calculated pK values in thermodynamic models were not used to compare the predictions directly to macroscopic data on surface charging in electrolyte solutions. Here, this comparison is made and the applicability and limitations of the use of the pK values determined previously within thermodynamic models of proton binding to goethite surfaces in NaCl and NaNO (sub 3) electrolyte solutions, are defined. In the model, protons are bound to the goethite (110) and (021) faces and describes satisfactorily the surface charging behaviour of goethite if pair formation between bulk electrolyte species (Na,Cl and NO (sub 3) ) is included in the model. Different microscopic explanations are discussed for the charging behaviour and site protonation on the (110) and (021) surfaces of goethite. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Felmy, Andrew R AU - Rustad, James R Y1 - 1998/01// PY - 1998 DA - January 1998 SP - 25 EP - 31 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 62 IS - 1 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - goethite KW - surface charge KW - clay mineralogy KW - mineral-water interface KW - mathematical models KW - aqueous solutions KW - adsorption KW - protons KW - electrochemical properties KW - molecular structure KW - theoretical studies KW - chemical reactions KW - oxides KW - thermodynamic properties KW - geochemistry KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52612783?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Molecular+statics+calculations+of+proton+binding+to+goethite+surfaces%3B+thermodynamic+modeling+of+the+surface+charging+and+protonation+to+goethite+in+aqueous+solution&rft.au=Felmy%2C+Andrew+R%3BRustad%2C+James+R&rft.aulast=Felmy&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=25&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2897%2900325-6 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; aqueous solutions; chemical reactions; clay mineralogy; electrochemical properties; geochemistry; goethite; mathematical models; mineral-water interface; molecular structure; oxides; protons; surface charge; theoretical studies; thermodynamic properties DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(97)00325-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Role of soil chemistry in soil remediation and ecosystem conservation AN - 52547874; 1998-072850 JF - SSSA Special Publication AU - Adriano, Domy C AU - Chlopecka, Anna AU - Kaplan, Daniel I A2 - Huang, P. M. A2 - Adriano, D. C. A2 - Logan, T. J. A2 - Checkai, R. T. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 361 EP - 386 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 52 SN - 1063-2565, 1063-2565 KW - soils KW - degradation KW - pollution KW - ecosystems KW - bioremediation KW - soil washing KW - remediation KW - conservation KW - soil quality KW - sustainability KW - phytoremediation KW - geochemistry KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52547874?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SSSA+Special+Publication&rft.atitle=Role+of+soil+chemistry+in+soil+remediation+and+ecosystem+conservation&rft.au=Adriano%2C+Domy+C%3BChlopecka%2C+Anna%3BKaplan%2C+Daniel+I&rft.aulast=Adriano&rft.aufirst=Domy&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=&rft.spage=361&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SSSA+Special+Publication&rft.issn=10632565&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Soil Science Society of America meetings; Workshop on Soil chemistry and ecosystem health N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 117 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bioremediation; conservation; degradation; ecosystems; geochemistry; phytoremediation; pollution; remediation; soil quality; soil washing; soils; sustainability ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Special forum; using environmental technologies as a strategic exploration tool AN - 52525497; 1999-010307 AB - This special forum will offer insights on policy and practice concerning overseas oil and gas exploration. The focus is on strategically applying environmental technologies to enhance competitive positions and opportunities. These dimensions include environmental diplomacy, environmental technology, environmental management practices, offsets, exploration company perspectives, and environmental contractor perspectives. JF - Annual Meeting Expanded Abstracts - American Association of Petroleum Geologists AU - Kiser, Sue AU - Shaw, Brian R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 PB - American Association of Petroleum Geologists and Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists, Tulsa, OK VL - 1998 SN - 0094-0038, 0094-0038 KW - petroleum exploration KW - technology KW - practice KW - natural gas KW - pollution KW - policy KW - petroleum KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52525497?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Abstracts+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.atitle=Special+forum%3B+using+environmental+technologies+as+a+strategic+exploration+tool&rft.au=Kiser%2C+Sue%3BShaw%2C+Brian+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kiser&rft.aufirst=Sue&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=1998&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Abstracts+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.issn=00940038&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Association of Petroleum Geologists 1998 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - SuppNotes - Extended abstracts available on CD N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - APGAB2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - natural gas; petroleum; petroleum exploration; policy; pollution; practice; technology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hierarchical geostatistical simulation of multimodal heterogeneity for subsurface flow and transport AN - 52501204; 1999-025584 AB - In many natural sediments there exist nested scales of complex spatial structure and heterogeneity in sediment properties. Predictive modeling of subsurface flow and transport phenomena in heterogeneous aquifers often requires striking a balance between model complexity and ability to represent important features. For sediments that exhibit a multimodal distribution of permeability, it is sometimes useful to first simulate the spatial distribution of sedimentary facies having distinct permeability distributions (hydrofacies). Then the spatial distribution of permeability within each facies can be simulated, where the various modes of the lumped permeability distribution correspond to unimodal distributions within each hydrofacies. We applied this approach to two diverse aquifer systems, a small shallow sandy aquifer near Oyster, VA, and a large deep gravelly aquifer at the Hanford site, WA. While both sites exhibit multimodality in permeability that has been associated with distinct hydrofacies, the Hanford site has a much greater overall degree of heterogeneity. For each site, two suites of stochastic realizations of the aquifer were generated, one by the two-stage approach above and the second by direct simulation of permeability without first simulating hydrofacies. In the two-stage approach, hydrofacies distributions were simulated using categorical indicator simulation; within-facies permeability distributions were simulated using Gaussian stochastic simulation. In the single-stage approach, permeability fields were directly generated using stochastic indicator simulation. These realizations were input to a groundwater flow and transport model, and the model predictions compared to evaluate the effectiveness of the more complicated two-stage simulation approach in each case. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Scheibe, Timothy D AU - Murray, Christopher J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 105 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 30 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - Washington KW - Virginia KW - statistical analysis KW - prediction KW - Hanford Site KW - geostatistics KW - properties KW - Northampton County Virginia KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - models KW - lithofacies KW - Oyster Virginia KW - transport KW - movement KW - sediments KW - hydrofacies KW - heterogeneity KW - permeability KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52501204?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Hierarchical+geostatistical+simulation+of+multimodal+heterogeneity+for+subsurface+flow+and+transport&rft.au=Scheibe%2C+Timothy+D%3BMurray%2C+Christopher+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Scheibe&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=105&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1998 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; Atlantic Coastal Plain; geostatistics; ground water; Hanford Site; heterogeneity; hydrofacies; lithofacies; models; movement; Northampton County Virginia; Oyster Virginia; permeability; prediction; properties; sediments; simulation; statistical analysis; transport; United States; Virginia; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Groundwater monitoring network design using stochastic simulation AN - 52500144; 1999-024594 AB - Approximately 100 square miles of groundwater at the U. S. Department of Energy's Hanford Site, WA have been contaminated with tritium, iodine-129, and nitrate originating from waste disposal at the 200-East Area. Groundwater monitoring has been conducted at the site since the late 1940s, and will continue until groundwater protection standards are achieved. In 1996 approximately 300 wells were sampled to monitor the plumes, and many of those wells appeared to be redundant. A geostatistical model of the plumes based on indicator variogram analysis was used to generate a large suite of conditional stochastic simulations of the contaminant distributions. Analysis of the suite of simulations provided a quantitative measure of the uncertainties in the contaminant concentrations and a measure of the probability at any location of exceeding selected cutoff values such as drinking water standards. A metric based on uncertainty measures and declustering weights was developed to rank the value of each monitoring well in the network design. The metric was used with hydrogeological and regulatory considerations in determining candidate wells for deletion from the network. The impact of deleting different numbers of wells was assessed by evaluating the impact on the variograms and on the mean variance of the simulations. This was used to determine the tolerable level of reduction in monitoring. The results indicate that monitoring goals for these plumes can be achieved with an approximately 25% reduction in wells sampled. The decrease in the number of monitoring wells will reduce sampling costs without significantly impacting the quality of the plume maps. The geostatistics not only provided a tool for reducing monitoring, but the simulations also provide a quantitative measure of the uncertainties in the resulting interpretations. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Dresel, P Evan AU - Murray, Chris AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 181 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 30 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - contaminant plumes KW - isotopes KW - halogens KW - tritium KW - simulation KW - drinking water KW - ground water KW - iodine KW - radioactive isotopes KW - I-129 KW - stochastic processes KW - sampling KW - quantitative analysis KW - nitrate ion KW - networks KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - variance analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - geostatistics KW - cost KW - measurement KW - history KW - variograms KW - hydrogen KW - waste disposal KW - water wells KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52500144?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Groundwater+monitoring+network+design+using+stochastic+simulation&rft.au=Dresel%2C+P+Evan%3BMurray%2C+Chris%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Dresel&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=181&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1998 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - contaminant plumes; cost; drinking water; geostatistics; ground water; halogens; Hanford Site; history; hydrogen; I-129; iodine; isotopes; measurement; monitoring; networks; nitrate ion; pollutants; pollution; quantitative analysis; radioactive isotopes; sampling; simulation; statistical analysis; stochastic processes; tritium; United States; variance analysis; variograms; Washington; waste disposal; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Isotopic Pu, U, and Np signatures in soils from Semipalatinsk-21, Kazakh Republic and the Southern Urals, Russia AN - 52482853; 1999-037635 JF - Journal of Environmental Radioactivity AU - Beasley, T M AU - Kelley, J M AU - Orlandini, K A AU - Bond, L A AU - Aarkrog, A AU - Trapeznikov, A P AU - Pozolotina, V N Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 215 EP - 230 PB - Elsevier, Barking VL - 39 IS - 2 SN - 0265-931X, 0265-931X KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - neptunium KW - isotopes KW - plutonium KW - mass spectra KW - environmental analysis KW - Central Asia KW - ground water KW - partitioning KW - radioactive isotopes KW - Commonwealth of Independent States KW - transport KW - Pu-238 KW - leachate KW - spectra KW - nuclear explosions KW - Asia KW - fallout KW - activity KW - Southern Urals KW - Urals KW - concentration KW - Np-236 KW - explosions KW - pollution KW - migration of elements KW - aquifers KW - Semipalatinsk Kazakhstan KW - Pu-244 KW - detection KW - metals KW - U-234 KW - testing KW - Kazakhstan KW - Irtysh River KW - uranium KW - leaching KW - actinides KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52482853?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Radioactivity&rft.atitle=Isotopic+Pu%2C+U%2C+and+Np+signatures+in+soils+from+Semipalatinsk-21%2C+Kazakh+Republic+and+the+Southern+Urals%2C+Russia&rft.au=Beasley%2C+T+M%3BKelley%2C+J+M%3BOrlandini%2C+K+A%3BBond%2C+L+A%3BAarkrog%2C+A%3BTrapeznikov%2C+A+P%3BPozolotina%2C+V+N&rft.aulast=Beasley&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=215&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Radioactivity&rft.issn=0265931X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/0265931X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 26 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; activity; aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; Asia; Central Asia; Commonwealth of Independent States; concentration; detection; environmental analysis; explosions; fallout; ground water; Irtysh River; isotopes; Kazakhstan; leachate; leaching; mass spectra; metals; migration of elements; neptunium; Np-236; nuclear explosions; partitioning; plutonium; pollution; Pu-238; Pu-244; radioactive isotopes; Semipalatinsk Kazakhstan; Southern Urals; spectra; testing; transport; U-234; Urals; uranium ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Human choice and climate change; Volume 2, Resources and technology AN - 52456334; 1999-051686 JF - Human choice and climate change; Volume 2, Resources and technology A2 - Rayner, Steve A2 - Malone, Elizabeeth L. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 451 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH SN - 1574770462 KW - water use KW - human activity KW - surface water KW - techniques KW - global change KW - preventive measures KW - climate change KW - ground water KW - energy sources KW - coastal environment KW - greenhouse effect KW - land use KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52456334?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=1574770462&rft.btitle=Human+choice+and+climate+change%3B+Volume+2%2C+Resources+and+technology&rft.title=Human+choice+and+climate+change%3B+Volume+2%2C+Resources+and+technology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Individual chapters within scope are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Coastal zones and oceans AN - 52456138; 1999-051689 JF - Human choice and climate change; Volume 2, Resources and technology AU - Rahman, Atiq AU - Huq, Saleemul A2 - Rayner, Steve A2 - Malone, Elizabeeth L. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH SN - 1574770462 KW - human activity KW - surface water KW - legislation KW - pollution KW - international cooperation KW - ecosystems KW - preventive measures KW - climate change KW - urban environment KW - human ecology KW - ground water KW - sea-level changes KW - natural resources KW - wetlands KW - coastal environment KW - risk assessment KW - water resources KW - land use KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52456138?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Rahman%2C+Atiq%3BHuq%2C+Saleemul&rft.aulast=Rahman&rft.aufirst=Atiq&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=1574770462&rft.btitle=Coastal+zones+and+oceans&rft.title=Coastal+zones+and+oceans&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 76 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 12 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The natural sciences of global climate change AN - 52454766; 1999-051687 JF - Human choice and climate change; Volume 2, Resources and technology AU - Wuebbles, Donald J AU - Rosenberg, Norman J A2 - Rayner, Steve A2 - Malone, Elizabeeth L. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH SN - 1574770462 KW - impact statements KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - global change KW - climate change KW - carbon dioxide KW - ozone KW - hydrologic cycle KW - carbon KW - ecology KW - greenhouse effect KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - sulfur dioxide KW - methane KW - nitrous oxide KW - damage KW - pollution KW - atmosphere KW - decision-making KW - alkanes KW - geochemical cycle KW - carbon monoxide KW - sea-level changes KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - theoretical models KW - aerosols KW - carbon cycle KW - water resources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52454766?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Wuebbles%2C+Donald+J%3BRosenberg%2C+Norman+J&rft.aulast=Wuebbles&rft.aufirst=Donald&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=1574770462&rft.btitle=The+natural+sciences+of+global+climate+change&rft.title=The+natural+sciences+of+global+climate+change&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 168 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 8 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Land and water use AN - 52454699; 1999-051688 JF - Human choice and climate change; Volume 2, Resources and technology AU - Meyer, William B AU - Adger, W Neil AU - Brown, Katrina AU - Graetz, Dean AU - Gleick, Peter AU - Richards, John F AU - Maghalaes, Antonio A2 - Rayner, Steve A2 - Malone, Elizabeeth L. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH SN - 1574770462 KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - global change KW - vegetation KW - climate change KW - carbon dioxide KW - ozone KW - hydrologic cycle KW - carbon KW - ecology KW - greenhouse effect KW - water use KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - forests KW - sulfur dioxide KW - methane KW - nitrous oxide KW - agriculture KW - pollution KW - atmosphere KW - alkanes KW - geochemical cycle KW - carbon monoxide KW - sea-level changes KW - organic compounds KW - classification KW - hydrocarbons KW - carbon cycle KW - water resources KW - land use KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52454699?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Meyer%2C+William+B%3BAdger%2C+W+Neil%3BBrown%2C+Katrina%3BGraetz%2C+Dean%3BGleick%2C+Peter%3BRichards%2C+John+F%3BMaghalaes%2C+Antonio&rft.aulast=Meyer&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=1574770462&rft.btitle=Land+and+water+use&rft.title=Land+and+water+use&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 280 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis of chloride mass balance in a field lysimeter AN - 52446361; 1999-056514 JF - Annales Geophysicae (1988) AU - Gee, Glendon W AU - Tyler, Scott W AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 479 PB - Gauthier-Villars, Paris VL - 16, Suppl. 2 SN - 0992-7689, 0992-7689 KW - United States KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - chlorine KW - water storage KW - Washington KW - terrestrial environment KW - numerical models KW - arid environment KW - drainage KW - halogens KW - Hanford Site KW - porosity KW - recharge KW - chloride ion KW - mass balance KW - water regimes KW - lysimeters KW - instruments KW - field studies KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52446361?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annales+Geophysicae+%281988%29&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+chloride+mass+balance+in+a+field+lysimeter&rft.au=Gee%2C+Glendon+W%3BTyler%2C+Scott+W%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gee&rft.aufirst=Glendon&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=16%2C+Suppl.+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=479&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annales+Geophysicae+%281988%29&rft.issn=09927689&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.ann-geophys.net/volumes_and_issues.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 23rd general assembly of the European Geophysical Society N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arid environment; chloride ion; chlorine; drainage; field studies; halogens; Hanford Site; hydrology; instruments; lysimeters; mass balance; numerical models; porosity; recharge; soils; terrestrial environment; United States; Washington; water regimes; water storage ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Diel cycling of hydrogen peroxide in surface geothermal waters; possible formation from metal redox reactions AN - 52348977; 2000-044250 JF - Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference AU - Wilson, C L AU - Hinman, N W AU - Brown, C F AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 PB - Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX VL - 29 KW - United States KW - experimental studies KW - diel variations KW - surface water KW - photochemistry KW - hydrochemistry KW - thermal waters KW - ground water KW - geochemical cycle KW - Wyoming KW - laboratory studies KW - metals KW - Yellowstone National Park KW - hydrogen peroxide KW - springs KW - hot springs KW - northwestern Wyoming KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - Eh KW - field studies KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52348977?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Diel+cycling+of+hydrogen+peroxide+in+surface+geothermal+waters%3B+possible+formation+from+metal+redox+reactions&rft.au=Wilson%2C+C+L%3BHinman%2C+N+W%3BBrown%2C+C+F%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 29th lunar and planetary science conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX, United States N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Abstract number 1406 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #02179 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - diel variations; Eh; experimental studies; field studies; geochemical cycle; geochemistry; ground water; hot springs; hydrochemistry; hydrogen peroxide; laboratory studies; metals; northwestern Wyoming; pH; photochemistry; springs; surface water; thermal waters; United States; Wyoming; Yellowstone National Park ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Geostatistical characterization of microbiological and physical properties for bioremediation modeling AN - 52309517; 2000-065483 JF - First international conference on Remediation of chlorinated and recalcitrant compounds AU - Murray, Christopher J AU - Schiebe, Timothy D AU - Brockman, Fred J AU - Streile, Gary P AU - Chilakapati, Ashok A2 - Wickramanayake, Godage B. A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH SN - 157477056X KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - water quality KW - biodegradation KW - variance analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - characterization KW - geostatistics KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - nutrients KW - models KW - recharge KW - physical properties KW - phenols KW - organic compounds KW - variograms KW - chemical reactions KW - sediments KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - trichloroethylene KW - permeability KW - activity KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52309517?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Murray%2C+Christopher+J%3BSchiebe%2C+Timothy+D%3BBrockman%2C+Fred+J%3BStreile%2C+Gary+P%3BChilakapati%2C+Ashok&rft.aulast=Murray&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=157477056X&rft.btitle=Geostatistical+characterization+of+microbiological+and+physical+properties+for+bioremediation+modeling&rft.title=Geostatistical+characterization+of+microbiological+and+physical+properties+for+bioremediation+modeling&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - First international conference on Remediation of chlorinated and recalcitrant compounds N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Six-phase soil heating of the saturated zone AN - 52288570; 2000-079493 JF - First international conference on Remediation of chlorinated and recalcitrant compounds AU - Peurrung, Loni M AU - Bergsman, Theresa M AU - Powell, Thomas D AU - Roberts, Janet S AU - Schalla, Ronald A2 - Wickramanayake, Godage B. A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH SN - 1574770608 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - Kent County Delaware KW - unsaturated zone KW - observation wells KW - dense nonaqueous phase liquids KW - ground water KW - Dover Air Force Base KW - tracers KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - soils KW - experimental studies KW - Delaware KW - thermal properties KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - migration of elements KW - aquifers KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - water table KW - organic compounds KW - heating KW - trichloroethylene KW - military facilities KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52288570?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Peurrung%2C+Loni+M%3BBergsman%2C+Theresa+M%3BPowell%2C+Thomas+D%3BRoberts%2C+Janet+S%3BSchalla%2C+Ronald&rft.aulast=Peurrung&rft.aufirst=Loni&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=1574770608&rft.btitle=Six-phase+soil+heating+of+the+saturated+zone&rft.title=Six-phase+soil+heating+of+the+saturated+zone&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - First international conference on Remediation of chlorinated and recalcitrant compounds N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Reductive dechlorination of TCE by dithionite-treated sediment AN - 52287911; 2000-079534 JF - First international conference on Remediation of chlorinated and recalcitrant compounds AU - Thornton, Edward C AU - Szecsody, James E AU - Cantrell, Kirk J AU - Thompson, Christopher J AU - Evans, John C AU - Fruchter, Jonathan S AU - Mitroshkov, Alex V A2 - Wickramanayake, Godage B. A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH SN - 1574770608 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - experimental studies KW - degradation KW - in situ KW - effluents KW - dehalogenation KW - pollution KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - laboratory studies KW - organic compounds KW - chemical reactions KW - dechlorination KW - sediments KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - trichloroethylene KW - reduction KW - waste disposal KW - permeability KW - disposal barriers KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52287911?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Thornton%2C+Edward+C%3BSzecsody%2C+James+E%3BCantrell%2C+Kirk+J%3BThompson%2C+Christopher+J%3BEvans%2C+John+C%3BFruchter%2C+Jonathan+S%3BMitroshkov%2C+Alex+V&rft.aulast=Thornton&rft.aufirst=Edward&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=1574770608&rft.btitle=Reductive+dechlorination+of+TCE+by+dithionite-treated+sediment&rft.title=Reductive+dechlorination+of+TCE+by+dithionite-treated+sediment&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - First international conference on Remediation of chlorinated and recalcitrant compounds N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reactive transport in a funnel and gate treatment system AN - 52246607; 2001-027355 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Yabusaki, S B AU - Steefel, C I AU - Cantrell, K J AU - Kenneke, J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 156 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 79 IS - 17, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - contaminant plumes KW - pollution KW - tetrachloroethylene KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - transport KW - funnel and gate treatment system KW - precipitation KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - shallow aquifers KW - reduction KW - pH KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52246607?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Reactive+transport+in+a+funnel+and+gate+treatment+system&rft.au=Yabusaki%2C+S+B%3BSteefel%2C+C+I%3BCantrell%2C+K+J%3BKenneke%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Yabusaki&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=17%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=156&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 1998 spring meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; chlorinated hydrocarbons; contaminant plumes; funnel and gate treatment system; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; organic compounds; pH; pollution; precipitation; reduction; remediation; shallow aquifers; tetrachloroethylene; transport ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Molecular models of cesium sorption on kaolinite AN - 52069964; 2002-065242 JF - Adsorption of metals by geomedia; variables, mechanisms, and model applications AU - Cygan, Randall T AU - Nagy, Kathryn L AU - Brady, Patrick V A2 - Jenne, Everett A. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 PB - Academic Press, San Diego, CA SN - 012384245X KW - soils KW - silicates KW - models KW - sorption KW - cesium KW - metals KW - alkali metals KW - sheet silicates KW - kaolinite KW - geochemistry KW - clay minerals KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52069964?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Cygan%2C+Randall+T%3BNagy%2C+Kathryn+L%3BBrady%2C+Patrick+V&rft.aulast=Cygan&rft.aufirst=Randall&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=012384245X&rft.btitle=Molecular+models+of+cesium+sorption+on+kaolinite&rft.title=Molecular+models+of+cesium+sorption+on+kaolinite&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Effect of the solid-liquid ratio on the sorption of Sr (super 2+) and Cs (super +) on bentonite AN - 52069942; 2002-065236 JF - Adsorption of metals by geomedia; variables, mechanisms, and model applications AU - Oscarson, Dennis W AU - Hume, Harold B A2 - Jenne, Everett A. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 PB - Academic Press, San Diego, CA SN - 012384245X KW - alkaline earth metals KW - sorption KW - bentonite KW - Cretaceous KW - alkali metals KW - effects KW - Bearpaw Formation KW - Upper Cretaceous KW - Mesozoic KW - ground water KW - sedimentary rocks KW - cesium KW - Canada KW - metals KW - Western Canada KW - Saskatchewan KW - clastic rocks KW - strontium KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52069942?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Oscarson%2C+Dennis+W%3BHume%2C+Harold+B&rft.aulast=Oscarson&rft.aufirst=Dennis&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=012384245X&rft.btitle=Effect+of+the+solid-liquid+ratio+on+the+sorption+of+Sr+%28super+2%2B%29+and+Cs+%28super+%2B%29+on+bentonite&rft.title=Effect+of+the+solid-liquid+ratio+on+the+sorption+of+Sr+%28super+2%2B%29+and+Cs+%28super+%2B%29+on+bentonite&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Copper sorption kinetics and sorption hysteresis in two oxide-rich soils (Oxisols); effect of phosphate pretreatment AN - 52069912; 2002-065233 JF - Adsorption of metals by geomedia; variables, mechanisms, and model applications AU - Guilherme, Luiz Roberto G AU - Anderson, Sharon J A2 - Jenne, Everett A. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 PB - Academic Press, San Diego, CA SN - 012384245X KW - soils KW - Oxisols KW - sorption KW - technology KW - hysteresis KW - copper KW - metals KW - oxides KW - phosphates KW - kinetics KW - remediation KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52069912?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Guilherme%2C+Luiz+Roberto+G%3BAnderson%2C+Sharon+J&rft.aulast=Guilherme&rft.aufirst=Luiz+Roberto&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=012384245X&rft.btitle=Copper+sorption+kinetics+and+sorption+hysteresis+in+two+oxide-rich+soils+%28Oxisols%29%3B+effect+of+phosphate+pretreatment&rft.title=Copper+sorption+kinetics+and+sorption+hysteresis+in+two+oxide-rich+soils+%28Oxisols%29%3B+effect+of+phosphate+pretreatment&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 48 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Structure and composition of uranium (super VI) sorption complexes at the kaolinite-water interface AN - 52069901; 2002-065240 JF - Adsorption of metals by geomedia; variables, mechanisms, and model applications AU - Thompson, H A AU - Parks, G A AU - Brown, G E, Jr A2 - Jenne, Everett A. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 PB - Academic Press, San Diego, CA SN - 012384245X KW - soils KW - silicates KW - sorption KW - complexing KW - mineral-water interface KW - kaolinite KW - X-ray spectra KW - ground water KW - clay minerals KW - metals KW - sheet silicates KW - uranium KW - spectra KW - geochemistry KW - actinides KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52069901?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Thompson%2C+H+A%3BParks%2C+G+A%3BBrown%2C+G+E%2C+Jr&rft.aulast=Thompson&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=012384245X&rft.btitle=Structure+and+composition+of+uranium+%28super+VI%29+sorption+complexes+at+the+kaolinite-water+interface&rft.title=Structure+and+composition+of+uranium+%28super+VI%29+sorption+complexes+at+the+kaolinite-water+interface&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 50 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Surface charge and metal sorption to kaolinite AN - 52068791; 2002-065241 JF - Adsorption of metals by geomedia; variables, mechanisms, and model applications AU - Brady, Patrick V AU - Cygan, Randall T AU - Nagy, Kathryn L A2 - Jenne, Everett A. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 PB - Academic Press, San Diego, CA SN - 012384245X KW - soils KW - silicates KW - sorption KW - metals KW - sheet silicates KW - kaolinite KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - clay minerals KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52068791?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Brady%2C+Patrick+V%3BCygan%2C+Randall+T%3BNagy%2C+Kathryn+L&rft.aulast=Brady&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=012384245X&rft.btitle=Surface+charge+and+metal+sorption+to+kaolinite&rft.title=Surface+charge+and+metal+sorption+to+kaolinite&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 26 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Priorities for future metal adsorption research AN - 52068782; 2002-065249 JF - Adsorption of metals by geomedia; variables, mechanisms, and model applications AU - Jenne, Everett A A2 - Jenne, Everett A. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 PB - Academic Press, San Diego, CA SN - 012384245X KW - soils KW - metals KW - adsorption KW - research KW - geochemistry KW - ground water KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52068782?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Jenne%2C+Everett+A&rft.aulast=Jenne&rft.aufirst=Everett&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=012384245X&rft.btitle=Priorities+for+future+metal+adsorption+research&rft.title=Priorities+for+future+metal+adsorption+research&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 59 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Studies of neptunium (super V) sorption on quartz, clinoptilolite, montmorillonite, and alpha -alumina AN - 52068755; 2002-065228 JF - Adsorption of metals by geomedia; variables, mechanisms, and model applications AU - Bertetti, F Paul AU - Pabalan, Roberto T AU - Alemendarez, Michael G A2 - Jenne, Everett A. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 PB - Academic Press, San Diego, CA SN - 012384245X KW - soils KW - silicates KW - sorption KW - neptunium KW - silica minerals KW - ground water KW - clay minerals KW - sample preparation KW - aluminum oxides KW - metals KW - clinoptilolite KW - zeolite group KW - quartz KW - oxides KW - sheet silicates KW - framework silicates KW - geochemistry KW - actinides KW - pH KW - montmorillonite KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52068755?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Bertetti%2C+F+Paul%3BPabalan%2C+Roberto+T%3BAlemendarez%2C+Michael+G&rft.aulast=Bertetti&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=012384245X&rft.btitle=Studies+of+neptunium+%28super+V%29+sorption+on+quartz%2C+clinoptilolite%2C+montmorillonite%2C+and+alpha+-alumina&rft.title=Studies+of+neptunium+%28super+V%29+sorption+on+quartz%2C+clinoptilolite%2C+montmorillonite%2C+and+alpha+-alumina&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 39 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Nonequilibrium and nonlinear sorption during transport of cadmium, nickel, and strontium through subsurface soils AN - 52068734; 2002-065244 JF - Adsorption of metals by geomedia; variables, mechanisms, and model applications AU - Wang, Wi-Zi AU - Brusseau, Mark L AU - Artiola, Janick F A2 - Jenne, Everett A. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 PB - Academic Press, San Diego, CA SN - 012384245X KW - soils KW - alkaline earth metals KW - sorption KW - isotherms KW - metals KW - nickel KW - cadmium KW - strontium KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52068734?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Wang%2C+Wi-Zi%3BBrusseau%2C+Mark+L%3BArtiola%2C+Janick+F&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Wi-Zi&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=012384245X&rft.btitle=Nonequilibrium+and+nonlinear+sorption+during+transport+of+cadmium%2C+nickel%2C+and+strontium+through+subsurface+soils&rft.title=Nonequilibrium+and+nonlinear+sorption+during+transport+of+cadmium%2C+nickel%2C+and+strontium+through+subsurface+soils&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Predictive double-layer modeling of metal sorption in mine-drainage system AN - 52068184; 2002-065248 JF - Adsorption of metals by geomedia; variables, mechanisms, and model applications AU - Smith, Kathleen S AU - Ranville, James F AU - Plumlee, Geoffrey S AU - Macalady, Donald L A2 - Jenne, Everett A. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 PB - Academic Press, San Diego, CA SN - 012384245X KW - water KW - United States KW - models KW - sorption KW - Lake County Colorado KW - metals KW - Saint Kevin Gulch KW - Colorado KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - mine drainage KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52068184?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Smith%2C+Kathleen+S%3BRanville%2C+James+F%3BPlumlee%2C+Geoffrey+S%3BMacalady%2C+Donald+L&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Kathleen&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=012384245X&rft.btitle=Predictive+double-layer+modeling+of+metal+sorption+in+mine-drainage+system&rft.title=Predictive+double-layer+modeling+of+metal+sorption+in+mine-drainage+system&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 41 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Influence of pH, metal concentration, and soil component removal on retention of Pb and Cu by an illitic soil AN - 52068150; 2002-065234 JF - Adsorption of metals by geomedia; variables, mechanisms, and model applications AU - Yong, Raymond N AU - MacDonald, Elaine M A2 - Jenne, Everett A. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 PB - Academic Press, San Diego, CA SN - 012384245X KW - soils KW - silicates KW - sorption KW - copper KW - mechanism KW - lead KW - illite KW - metals KW - sheet silicates KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - heavy metals KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52068150?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Yong%2C+Raymond+N%3BMacDonald%2C+Elaine+M&rft.aulast=Yong&rft.aufirst=Raymond&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=012384245X&rft.btitle=Influence+of+pH%2C+metal+concentration%2C+and+soil+component+removal+on+retention+of+Pb+and+Cu+by+an+illitic+soil&rft.title=Influence+of+pH%2C+metal+concentration%2C+and+soil+component+removal+on+retention+of+Pb+and+Cu+by+an+illitic+soil&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 57 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Uranium sorption onto natural sands as a function of sediment characteristics and solution pH AN - 52068107; 2002-065231 JF - Adsorption of metals by geomedia; variables, mechanisms, and model applications AU - Rosentreter, Jeffrey J AU - Quarder, H Swantje AU - Smith, Robert W AU - McLing, Travis A2 - Jenne, Everett A. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 PB - Academic Press, San Diego, CA SN - 012384245X KW - sand KW - sorption KW - solutions KW - clastic sediments KW - metals KW - sediments KW - uranium KW - geochemistry KW - actinides KW - pH KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52068107?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Rosentreter%2C+Jeffrey+J%3BQuarder%2C+H+Swantje%3BSmith%2C+Robert+W%3BMcLing%2C+Travis&rft.aulast=Rosentreter&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=012384245X&rft.btitle=Uranium+sorption+onto+natural+sands+as+a+function+of+sediment+characteristics+and+solution+pH&rft.title=Uranium+sorption+onto+natural+sands+as+a+function+of+sediment+characteristics+and+solution+pH&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Adsorption of metals by geomedia; variables, mechanisms, and model applications AN - 52068081; 2002-065224 JF - Adsorption of metals by geomedia; variables, mechanisms, and model applications A2 - Jenne, Everett A. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 583 PB - Academic Press, San Diego, CA SN - 012384245X KW - soils KW - models KW - metals KW - mechanism KW - adsorption KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - ground water KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52068081?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=012384245X&rft.btitle=Adsorption+of+metals+by+geomedia%3B+variables%2C+mechanisms%2C+and+model+applications&rft.title=Adsorption+of+metals+by+geomedia%3B+variables%2C+mechanisms%2C+and+model+applications&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Individual chapters are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) analysis of aqueous Sr (super II) ion sorption at clay-water interfaces AN - 52068031; 2002-065239 JF - Adsorption of metals by geomedia; variables, mechanisms, and model applications AU - Chen, Chia-Chen AU - Papelis, Charalambos AU - Hayes, Kim F A2 - Jenne, Everett A. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 PB - Academic Press, San Diego, CA SN - 012384245X KW - silicates KW - clay KW - alkaline earth metals KW - sorption KW - clastic sediments KW - mineral-water interface KW - kaolinite KW - illite KW - ions KW - X-ray spectra KW - ground water KW - clay minerals KW - metals KW - sediments KW - EXAFS data KW - sheet silicates KW - spectra KW - geochemistry KW - strontium KW - pH KW - montmorillonite KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52068031?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Chen%2C+Chia-Chen%3BPapelis%2C+Charalambos%3BHayes%2C+Kim+F&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Chia-Chen&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=012384245X&rft.btitle=Extended+X-ray+absorption+fine+structure+%28EXAFS%29+analysis+of+aqueous+Sr+%28super+II%29+ion+sorption+at+clay-water+interfaces&rft.title=Extended+X-ray+absorption+fine+structure+%28EXAFS%29+analysis+of+aqueous+Sr+%28super+II%29+ion+sorption+at+clay-water+interfaces&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 49 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Surface and solution speciation of Ag (super I) in a heterogeneous ferrihydrite-solution system with thiosulfate AN - 52067734; 2002-065238 JF - Adsorption of metals by geomedia; variables, mechanisms, and model applications AU - Ong, Colin G AU - Leckie, James O A2 - Jenne, Everett A. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 PB - Academic Press, San Diego, CA SN - 012384245X KW - soils KW - thiosulfates KW - sorption KW - solutions KW - silver KW - ferrihydrite KW - models KW - heterogeneous materials KW - metals KW - oxides KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - chemical fractionation KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52067734?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Ong%2C+Colin+G%3BLeckie%2C+James+O&rft.aulast=Ong&rft.aufirst=Colin&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=012384245X&rft.btitle=Surface+and+solution+speciation+of+Ag+%28super+I%29+in+a+heterogeneous+ferrihydrite-solution+system+with+thiosulfate&rft.title=Surface+and+solution+speciation+of+Ag+%28super+I%29+in+a+heterogeneous+ferrihydrite-solution+system+with+thiosulfate&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Lead sorption, chemically enhanced desorption, and equilibrium modeling in an iron-oxide-coated sand and synthetic groundwater systems AN - 52067687; 2002-065230 JF - Adsorption of metals by geomedia; variables, mechanisms, and model applications AU - Azizian, Mohammad F AU - Nelson, Peter O A2 - Jenne, Everett A. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 PB - Academic Press, San Diego, CA SN - 012384245X KW - sand KW - sorption KW - experimental studies KW - desorption KW - iron oxides KW - clastic sediments KW - lead KW - ground water KW - models KW - toxicity KW - isotherms KW - metals KW - sediments KW - oxides KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52067687?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Azizian%2C+Mohammad+F%3BNelson%2C+Peter+O&rft.aulast=Azizian&rft.aufirst=Mohammad&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=012384245X&rft.btitle=Lead+sorption%2C+chemically+enhanced+desorption%2C+and+equilibrium+modeling+in+an+iron-oxide-coated+sand+and+synthetic+groundwater+systems&rft.title=Lead+sorption%2C+chemically+enhanced+desorption%2C+and+equilibrium+modeling+in+an+iron-oxide-coated+sand+and+synthetic+groundwater+systems&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 36 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Adsorption of metals by geomedia; data analysis, modeling, controlling factors, and related issues AN - 52067053; 2002-065225 JF - Adsorption of metals by geomedia; variables, mechanisms, and model applications AU - Jenne, Everett A A2 - Jenne, Everett A. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 PB - Academic Press, San Diego, CA SN - 012384245X KW - models KW - metals KW - adsorption KW - geochemistry KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52067053?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Jenne%2C+Everett+A&rft.aulast=Jenne&rft.aufirst=Everett&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=012384245X&rft.btitle=Adsorption+of+metals+by+geomedia%3B+data+analysis%2C+modeling%2C+controlling+factors%2C+and+related+issues&rft.title=Adsorption+of+metals+by+geomedia%3B+data+analysis%2C+modeling%2C+controlling+factors%2C+and+related+issues&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 240 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Fluorescence quenching and aluminum adsorption to organic substances AN - 52066837; 2002-065245 JF - Adsorption of metals by geomedia; variables, mechanisms, and model applications AU - Smith, D Scott AU - Kramer, James R A2 - Jenne, Everett A. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 PB - Academic Press, San Diego, CA SN - 012384245X KW - luminescence KW - organic compounds KW - fluorescence KW - metals KW - aluminum KW - adsorption KW - geochemistry KW - ground water KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52066837?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Smith%2C+D+Scott%3BKramer%2C+James+R&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=012384245X&rft.btitle=Fluorescence+quenching+and+aluminum+adsorption+to+organic+substances&rft.title=Fluorescence+quenching+and+aluminum+adsorption+to+organic+substances&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 52 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Uranium (super VI) adsorption on model minerals; controlling factors and surface complexation modeling AN - 52066808; 2002-065226 JF - Adsorption of metals by geomedia; variables, mechanisms, and model applications AU - Payne, T E AU - Lumpkin, G R AU - Waite, T D A2 - Jenne, Everett A. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 PB - Academic Press, San Diego, CA SN - 012384245X KW - soils KW - silicates KW - complexing KW - kaolinite KW - adsorption KW - ferrihydrite KW - ground water KW - clay minerals KW - models KW - controls KW - metals KW - oxides KW - sheet silicates KW - uranium KW - geochemistry KW - actinides KW - pH KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52066808?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Payne%2C+T+E%3BLumpkin%2C+G+R%3BWaite%2C+T+D&rft.aulast=Payne&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=012384245X&rft.btitle=Uranium+%28super+VI%29+adsorption+on+model+minerals%3B+controlling+factors+and+surface+complexation+modeling&rft.title=Uranium+%28super+VI%29+adsorption+on+model+minerals%3B+controlling+factors+and+surface+complexation+modeling&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 26 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Adsorption of U (super VI) and citric acid on goethite, gibbsite, and kaolinite; comparing results for binary and ternary systems AN - 52066430; 2002-065237 JF - Adsorption of metals by geomedia; variables, mechanisms, and model applications AU - Redden, George D AU - Li, Jinhe AU - Leckie, James O A2 - Jenne, Everett A. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 PB - Academic Press, San Diego, CA SN - 012384245X KW - soils KW - silicates KW - goethite KW - citric acid KW - kaolinite KW - adsorption KW - clay minerals KW - ligands KW - metals KW - oxides KW - sheet silicates KW - uranium KW - gibbsite KW - geochemistry KW - actinides KW - pH KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52066430?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Redden%2C+George+D%3BLi%2C+Jinhe%3BLeckie%2C+James+O&rft.aulast=Redden&rft.aufirst=George&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=012384245X&rft.btitle=Adsorption+of+U+%28super+VI%29+and+citric+acid+on+goethite%2C+gibbsite%2C+and+kaolinite%3B+comparing+results+for+binary+and+ternary+systems&rft.title=Adsorption+of+U+%28super+VI%29+and+citric+acid+on+goethite%2C+gibbsite%2C+and+kaolinite%3B+comparing+results+for+binary+and+ternary+systems&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 43 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Immobilization of Pb by hydroxylapatite AN - 52066401; 2002-065235 JF - Adsorption of metals by geomedia; variables, mechanisms, and model applications AU - Laperche, Valerie AU - Traina, Samuel J A2 - Jenne, Everett A. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 PB - Academic Press, San Diego, CA SN - 012384245X KW - soils KW - absorption KW - sorption KW - hydroxylapatite KW - chemical reactions KW - metals KW - lead KW - phosphates KW - mobility KW - remediation KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52066401?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Laperche%2C+Valerie%3BTraina%2C+Samuel+J&rft.aulast=Laperche&rft.aufirst=Valerie&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=012384245X&rft.btitle=Immobilization+of+Pb+by+hydroxylapatite&rft.title=Immobilization+of+Pb+by+hydroxylapatite&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 26 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Sorption of molybdenum on oxides, clay minerals, and soils; mechanisms and models AN - 52065406; 2002-065243 JF - Adsorption of metals by geomedia; variables, mechanisms, and model applications AU - Goldberg, Sabine AU - Su, Chunming AU - Forster, Harold S A2 - Jenne, Everett A. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 PB - Academic Press, San Diego, CA SN - 012384245X KW - soils KW - silicates KW - sorption KW - mechanism KW - clay minerals KW - models KW - molybdenum KW - metals KW - oxides KW - sheet silicates KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52065406?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Goldberg%2C+Sabine%3BSu%2C+Chunming%3BForster%2C+Harold+S&rft.aulast=Goldberg&rft.aufirst=Sabine&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=012384245X&rft.btitle=Sorption+of+molybdenum+on+oxides%2C+clay+minerals%2C+and+soils%3B+mechanisms+and+models&rft.title=Sorption+of+molybdenum+on+oxides%2C+clay+minerals%2C+and+soils%3B+mechanisms+and+models&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 52 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Intraparticle diffusion of metal contaminants in amorphous oxide minerals AN - 52065370; 2002-065232 JF - Adsorption of metals by geomedia; variables, mechanisms, and model applications AU - Axe, Lisa AU - Anderson, Paul R A2 - Jenne, Everett A. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 PB - Academic Press, San Diego, CA SN - 012384245X KW - soils KW - sorption KW - diffusion KW - monitoring KW - amorphous materials KW - metals KW - movement KW - oxides KW - crystal chemistry KW - ground water KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52065370?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Axe%2C+Lisa%3BAnderson%2C+Paul+R&rft.aulast=Axe&rft.aufirst=Lisa&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=012384245X&rft.btitle=Intraparticle+diffusion+of+metal+contaminants+in+amorphous+oxide+minerals&rft.title=Intraparticle+diffusion+of+metal+contaminants+in+amorphous+oxide+minerals&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 57 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Factors affecting trivalent f-element adsorption to an acidic sandy soil AN - 52065333; 2002-065229 JF - Adsorption of metals by geomedia; variables, mechanisms, and model applications AU - Clark, S B AU - Bryce, A L AU - Lueking, A D AU - Gariboldi, J AU - Serkiz, S M A2 - Jenne, Everett A. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 PB - Academic Press, San Diego, CA SN - 012384245X KW - soils KW - sand KW - clastic sediments KW - mechanism KW - adsorption KW - controls KW - metals KW - sediments KW - rare earths KW - ion exchange KW - europium KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52065333?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Clark%2C+S+B%3BBryce%2C+A+L%3BLueking%2C+A+D%3BGariboldi%2C+J%3BSerkiz%2C+S+M&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=012384245X&rft.btitle=Factors+affecting+trivalent+f-element+adsorption+to+an+acidic+sandy+soil&rft.title=Factors+affecting+trivalent+f-element+adsorption+to+an+acidic+sandy+soil&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 32 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Uranium (super VI) sorption onto selected mineral surfaces; key geochemical parameters AN - 52064723; 2002-065227 JF - Adsorption of metals by geomedia; variables, mechanisms, and model applications AU - Pabalan, Roberto T AU - Turner, David R AU - Bertetti, F Paul AU - Prikryl, James D A2 - Jenne, Everett A. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 PB - Academic Press, San Diego, CA SN - 012384245X KW - soils KW - silicates KW - sorption KW - mineral-water interface KW - kaolinite KW - ground water KW - clay minerals KW - titanium oxides KW - silica KW - metals KW - oxides KW - sheet silicates KW - uranium KW - geochemistry KW - actinides KW - pH KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52064723?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Pabalan%2C+Roberto+T%3BTurner%2C+David+R%3BBertetti%2C+F+Paul%3BPrikryl%2C+James+D&rft.aulast=Pabalan&rft.aufirst=Roberto&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=012384245X&rft.btitle=Uranium+%28super+VI%29+sorption+onto+selected+mineral+surfaces%3B+key+geochemical+parameters&rft.title=Uranium+%28super+VI%29+sorption+onto+selected+mineral+surfaces%3B+key+geochemical+parameters&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 41 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sr and Cs adsorption to Hanford sediments underlying leaking single shell tanks AN - 51637779; 2006-012776 JF - Annual Meeting - Association of Engineering Geologists AU - Serne, R Jeff AU - Zachara, John M AU - Clevenger, Bill Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 123 PB - Association of Engineering Geologists, [location varies] VL - 41 SN - 0375-572X, 0375-572X KW - United States KW - solutions KW - isotopes KW - unsaturated zone KW - ground water KW - radioactive isotopes KW - cesium KW - sediments KW - water pollution KW - pH KW - sodium nitrate KW - leaking underground storage tanks KW - alkaline earth metals KW - Washington KW - underground storage KW - pollutants KW - alkali metals KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - adsorption KW - Cs-137 KW - soil pollution KW - metals KW - strontium KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51637779?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Meeting+-+Association+of+Engineering+Geologists&rft.atitle=Sr+and+Cs+adsorption+to+Hanford+sediments+underlying+leaking+single+shell+tanks&rft.au=Serne%2C+R+Jeff%3BZachara%2C+John+M%3BClevenger%2C+Bill&rft.aulast=Serne&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=&rft.spage=123&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Meeting+-+Association+of+Engineering+Geologists&rft.issn=0375572X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Association of Engineering Geologists 41st annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CAGPAV N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; alkali metals; alkaline earth metals; cesium; Cs-137; ground water; Hanford Site; isotopes; leaking underground storage tanks; metals; pH; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; sediments; sodium nitrate; soil pollution; solutions; strontium; underground storage; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The hydrogeologic setting of the Hanford Site, south-central Washington AN - 51636952; 2006-012732 JF - Annual Meeting - Association of Engineering Geologists AU - Lindsey, Kevin A AU - Fecht, Karl R AU - Reidel, Steve P AU - Clevenger, Bill Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 107 PB - Association of Engineering Geologists, [location varies] VL - 41 SN - 0375-572X, 0375-572X KW - United States KW - Washington KW - Columbia River Basalt Group KW - unsaturated zone KW - Hanford Site KW - south-central Washington KW - Miocene KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - Cenozoic KW - Tertiary KW - lower Pliocene KW - Neogene KW - Pasco Basin KW - Ellensburg Formation KW - Pliocene KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51636952?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Meeting+-+Association+of+Engineering+Geologists&rft.atitle=The+hydrogeologic+setting+of+the+Hanford+Site%2C+south-central+Washington&rft.au=Lindsey%2C+Kevin+A%3BFecht%2C+Karl+R%3BReidel%2C+Steve+P%3BClevenger%2C+Bill&rft.aulast=Lindsey&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=&rft.spage=107&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Meeting+-+Association+of+Engineering+Geologists&rft.issn=0375572X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Association of Engineering Geologists 41st annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CAGPAV N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; Cenozoic; Columbia River Basalt Group; Ellensburg Formation; ground water; Hanford Site; lower Pliocene; Miocene; Neogene; Pasco Basin; Pliocene; south-central Washington; Tertiary; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of isotopic ratios to distinguish sources of groundwater contaminants beneath a Hanford Site single-shell tank farm AN - 51636831; 2006-012664 JF - Annual Meeting - Association of Engineering Geologists AU - Caggiano, J A AU - Johnson, V G AU - Clevenger, Bill Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 81 PB - Association of Engineering Geologists, [location varies] VL - 41 SN - 0375-572X, 0375-572X KW - United States KW - technetium KW - Resource Conservation and Recovery Act KW - leaking underground storage tanks KW - Washington KW - isotopes KW - pollutants KW - isotope ratios KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - tritium KW - Tc-99 KW - drinking water KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - radioactive isotopes KW - sampling KW - soil pollution KW - metals KW - hydrogen KW - water wells KW - water pollution KW - single-shell tanks KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51636831?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Meeting+-+Association+of+Engineering+Geologists&rft.atitle=Use+of+isotopic+ratios+to+distinguish+sources+of+groundwater+contaminants+beneath+a+Hanford+Site+single-shell+tank+farm&rft.au=Caggiano%2C+J+A%3BJohnson%2C+V+G%3BClevenger%2C+Bill&rft.aulast=Caggiano&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=&rft.spage=81&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Meeting+-+Association+of+Engineering+Geologists&rft.issn=0375572X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Association of Engineering Geologists 41st annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CAGPAV N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - drinking water; ground water; Hanford Site; hydrogen; isotope ratios; isotopes; leaking underground storage tanks; metals; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; Resource Conservation and Recovery Act; sampling; single-shell tanks; soil pollution; Tc-99; technetium; tritium; United States; Washington; water pollution; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Groundwater monitoring challenges at the Hanford Site AN - 51633832; 2006-012697 JF - Annual Meeting - Association of Engineering Geologists AU - Hartman, Mary AU - Dresel, Evan AU - Clevenger, Bill Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 93 PB - Association of Engineering Geologists, [location varies] VL - 41 SN - 0375-572X, 0375-572X KW - United States KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - Columbia River KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - liquid waste KW - water wells KW - water pollution KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51633832?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Meeting+-+Association+of+Engineering+Geologists&rft.atitle=Groundwater+monitoring+challenges+at+the+Hanford+Site&rft.au=Hartman%2C+Mary%3BDresel%2C+Evan%3BClevenger%2C+Bill&rft.aulast=Hartman&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=&rft.spage=93&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Meeting+-+Association+of+Engineering+Geologists&rft.issn=0375572X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Association of Engineering Geologists 41st annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CAGPAV N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; Columbia River; ground water; Hanford Site; liquid waste; monitoring; pollutants; pollution; radioactive waste; United States; Washington; water pollution; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The distribution of radiocesium and plutonium in sea ice-entrained Arctic sediments in relation to potential sources and sinks AN - 51322819; 1999-037638 JF - Journal of Environmental Radioactivity AU - Cooper, Lee W AU - Larsen, I L AU - Beasley, T M AU - Dolvin, Scott S AU - Grebmeier, Jacqueline M AU - Kelley, J M AU - Scott, Martha AU - Johnson-Pyrtle, A Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 279 EP - 303 PB - Elsevier, Barking VL - 39 IS - 3 SN - 0265-931X, 0265-931X KW - silicates KW - isotopes KW - plutonium KW - sea ice KW - Pu-239 KW - East Siberian Sea KW - environmental analysis KW - radioactive isotopes KW - cesium KW - ice KW - sediments KW - Arctic Ocean KW - nuclear explosions KW - fallout KW - granulometry KW - explosions KW - grain size KW - Bering Sea KW - alkali metals KW - pollution KW - gamma-ray spectroscopy KW - clay minerals KW - Kara Sea KW - detection KW - Cs-137 KW - Chernobyl nuclear accident KW - North Pacific KW - metals KW - Pacific Ocean KW - sheet silicates KW - spectroscopy KW - actinides KW - Pu-240 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51322819?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Radioactivity&rft.atitle=The+distribution+of+radiocesium+and+plutonium+in+sea+ice-entrained+Arctic+sediments+in+relation+to+potential+sources+and+sinks&rft.au=Cooper%2C+Lee+W%3BLarsen%2C+I+L%3BBeasley%2C+T+M%3BDolvin%2C+Scott+S%3BGrebmeier%2C+Jacqueline+M%3BKelley%2C+J+M%3BScott%2C+Martha%3BJohnson-Pyrtle%2C+A&rft.aulast=Cooper&rft.aufirst=Lee&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=279&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Radioactivity&rft.issn=0265931X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/0265931X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 48 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; alkali metals; Arctic Ocean; Bering Sea; cesium; Chernobyl nuclear accident; clay minerals; Cs-137; detection; East Siberian Sea; environmental analysis; explosions; fallout; gamma-ray spectroscopy; grain size; granulometry; ice; isotopes; Kara Sea; metals; North Pacific; nuclear explosions; Pacific Ocean; plutonium; pollution; Pu-239; Pu-240; radioactive isotopes; sea ice; sediments; sheet silicates; silicates; spectroscopy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A method for installing piezometers in large cobble bed rivers AN - 51040653; 1998-027426 AB - An impact drive point method is described for emplacing piezometers in a cobble river bottom where this has previously been difficult without the use of drilling rigs. To force the drive point piezometers through cobble, the vibrational impact of an air-powered hammer was carried directly to the drive point by the use of an internal drive rod. After insertion to depth, the drive rod was removed from the lower portion of the piezometer and a standpipe was added to extend the piezometer above the river level. Piezometers installed in this way have permitted water quality analysis and dynamic measurement of vertical potentials in cobble sediments ranging in size from 2.5 to >30 cm and the method has been successfully used in the Columbia River, USA, and Toss River, Switzerland. This innovative method provides information on the hydrodynamics of pore water in highly permeable, cobble deposits that are common in high-energy river and lake bottoms. Piezometers installed using the internal drive rod method facilitate the assessment of the temporal and spatial dynamics of recharge and discharge at the ground water/surface water interface and analyses of the ecological connectivity between the hyporheic zone and surface water of rivers and streams. This information will lead to improved management decisions related to our nation's ground water and surface water supplies. JF - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation AU - Geist, David R AU - Joy, Mark C AU - Lee, David R AU - Gonser, Tom Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 78 EP - 82 PB - Ground Water Publishing Co., Dublin, OH VL - 18 IS - 1 SN - 1069-3629, 1069-3629 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - rivers and streams KW - Europe KW - Switzerland KW - ground water KW - Central Europe KW - sediments KW - drilling KW - hydrology KW - Toss River KW - water supply KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - clastic sediments KW - Columbia River KW - Hanford Site KW - hyporheic zone KW - aquifers KW - cobbles KW - recharge KW - pressuremeters KW - alluvium KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - water wells KW - pore water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51040653?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.atitle=A+method+for+installing+piezometers+in+large+cobble+bed+rivers&rft.au=Geist%2C+David+R%3BJoy%2C+Mark+C%3BLee%2C+David+R%3BGonser%2C+Tom&rft.aulast=Geist&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=78&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.issn=10693629&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6592 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alluvium; aquifers; Central Europe; clastic sediments; cobbles; Columbia River; drilling; Europe; ground water; Hanford Site; hydraulic conductivity; hydrology; hyporheic zone; monitoring; pore water; pressuremeters; recharge; rivers and streams; sediments; Switzerland; Toss River; United States; Washington; water quality; water supply; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling multispecies reactive transport in ground water AN - 51032869; 1999-007455 JF - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation AU - Clement, T Prabhakar AU - Sun, Y AU - Hooker, B S AU - Petersen, J N Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 79 EP - 92 PB - Ground Water Publishing Co., Dublin, OH VL - 18 IS - 2 SN - 1069-3629, 1069-3629 KW - solute transport KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - sorption KW - contaminant plumes KW - simulation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aerobic environment KW - solvents KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - kinetics KW - soils KW - numerical models KW - chemical dispersion KW - pollutants KW - metabolism KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - MODFLOW KW - bioremediation KW - advection KW - aquifers KW - models KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - risk assessment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51032869?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.atitle=Modeling+multispecies+reactive+transport+in+ground+water&rft.au=Clement%2C+T+Prabhakar%3BSun%2C+Y%3BHooker%2C+B+S%3BPetersen%2C+J+N&rft.aulast=Clement&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=79&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.issn=10693629&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6592 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 39 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - advection; aerobic environment; aquifers; bioremediation; chemical dispersion; chlorinated hydrocarbons; contaminant plumes; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; kinetics; metabolism; models; MODFLOW; numerical models; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; prediction; remediation; risk assessment; simulation; soils; solute transport; solvents; sorption ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Modeling of competitive ion binding to heterogeneous materials with affinity distributions AN - 50309354; 2002-065246 JF - Adsorption of metals by geomedia; variables, mechanisms, and model applications AU - Borkovec, Michal AU - Rusch, Ursula AU - Westall, John C A2 - Jenne, Everett A. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 PB - Academic Press, San Diego, CA SN - 012384245X KW - affinities KW - adsorption KW - humic acids KW - ions KW - models KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - humic substances KW - heterogeneous materials KW - metals KW - oxides KW - geochemistry KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50309354?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Borkovec%2C+Michal%3BRusch%2C+Ursula%3BWestall%2C+John+C&rft.aulast=Borkovec&rft.aufirst=Michal&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=012384245X&rft.btitle=Modeling+of+competitive+ion+binding+to+heterogeneous+materials+with+affinity+distributions&rft.title=Modeling+of+competitive+ion+binding+to+heterogeneous+materials+with+affinity+distributions&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Iron binding to humic substances; measurements, models, and mechanisms AN - 50308678; 2002-065247 JF - Adsorption of metals by geomedia; variables, mechanisms, and model applications AU - Kinniburgh, D G AU - van Riemsdjk, W H AU - Koopal, L K AU - Benedetti, M F A2 - Jenne, Everett A. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 PB - Academic Press, San Diego, CA SN - 012384245X KW - soils KW - sorption KW - affinities KW - mechanism KW - humic acids KW - iron KW - models KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - humic substances KW - metals KW - geochemistry KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50308678?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Kinniburgh%2C+D+G%3Bvan+Riemsdjk%2C+W+H%3BKoopal%2C+L+K%3BBenedetti%2C+M+F&rft.aulast=Kinniburgh&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=012384245X&rft.btitle=Iron+binding+to+humic+substances%3B+measurements%2C+models%2C+and+mechanisms&rft.title=Iron+binding+to+humic+substances%3B+measurements%2C+models%2C+and+mechanisms&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 52 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Theoretical Characterization of the Reaction Intermediates in a Model of the Nickel-Iron Hydrogenase of Desulfovibrio gigas AN - 17415003; 4637012 AB - The catalytic cycle for H sub(2) oxidation in [NiFe] D. gigas hydrogenase has been investigated through density functional theory (DFT) calculations on a wide variety of redox and protonated structures of the active site model, (CO)(CN) sub(2)Fe( mu -SMe) sub(2)Ni(SMe) sub(2). DFT calculations on a series of known LFe(CO)(CN)(L) super(n-) (L = Cp or Cp*, L' = CN, CO, CNCH sub(3); n = 0, 1, 2) complexes are used to calibrate the calculated CO bond distances with the measured IR stretching frequency. By combining this calibration curve with the energy and CO bond distance of the DFT calculations on the active site model and the experimental IR frequencies on the enzyme, the redox states and structures of active site species have been determined: Ni-B is a Ni(III)-Fe(II) species, Ni-SI(a) is a Ni(II)-Fe(II) species, Ni-SI(b) has a protonated terminal sulfur (Ni bound), Ni-R is a Ni(II)-Fe(II) dihydrogen complex with H sub(2) bound at Fe, and Ni-C is a Ni(III)-Fe(II) species with an Fe-H-Ni bridge. The latter species returns to Ni-SI through a Ni(I)-Fe(II) intermediate, which is potentially observable. Protonation of the Ni bound terminal sulfur results in a folding of the Fe( mu -S) sub(2)Ni framework. Dihydrogen activation is more exothermic on the Ni(III) species than on the corresponding Ni(II) or Ni(I) species. Our final set of proposed structures are consistent with IR, EPR, ENDOR, and XAS measurements for these species, and the correlation coefficient between the measured CO frequency in the enzyme and the CO distance calculated for the model species is 0.905. JF - Journal of the American Chemical Society AU - Niu, Shuqiang AU - Thomson, L M AU - Hall, M B AD - Environ. Tech. Div., Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA Y1 - 1998/01// PY - 1998 DA - Jan 1998 SP - 4000 EP - 4007 VL - 120 IS - 1 SN - 0002-7863, 0002-7863 KW - reaction intermediates KW - hydrogen KW - nickel-iron hydrogenase KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Desulfovibrio gigas KW - J 02728:Enzymes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17415003?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Chemical+Society&rft.atitle=Theoretical+Characterization+of+the+Reaction+Intermediates+in+a+Model+of+the+Nickel-Iron+Hydrogenase+of+Desulfovibrio+gigas&rft.au=Niu%2C+Shuqiang%3BThomson%2C+L+M%3BHall%2C+M+B&rft.aulast=Niu&rft.aufirst=Shuqiang&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=120&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=4000&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Chemical+Society&rft.issn=00027863&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Desulfovibrio gigas ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of the effects of iodine and iodide on thyroid function in humans AN - 17108333; 4421435 AB - Concerns have been raised over the use of iodine for disinfecting drinking water on extended space flights. Most fears revolve around effects of iodide on thyroid function. Iodine (I sub(2)) is the form used in drinking-water disinfection. Risk assessments have treated the various forms of iodine as if they were toxicologically equivalent. Recent experiments conducted in rats found that administration of iodine as Gamma (iodide) versus I sub(2) had opposite effects on plasma thyroid hormone levels. I sub(2)-treated animals displayed elevated thyroxine (T sub(4)) and thyroxine/triiodothyronine (T sub(4)/T sub(3)) ratios, whereas those treated with Gamma displayed no change or reduced plasma concentrations of T sub(4) at concentrations in drinking water of 30 or 100 mg/L. The study herein was designed to assess whether similar effects would be seen in humans as were observed in rats. A 14-d repeated-dose study utilizing total doses of iodine in the two forms at either 0.3 or 1 mg/kg body weight was conducted with 33 male volunteers. Thyroid hormones evaluated included T sub(4), T sub(3), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). TSH was significantly increased by the high dose of both I sub(2) and Gamma , as compared to the control. Decreases in T sub(4) were observed with dose schedules with Gamma and I sub(2), but none were statistically significant compared to each other, or compared to the control. This human experiment failed to confirm the differential effect of I sub(2) on maintenance of serum T sub(4) concentrations relative to the effect of Gamma that was observed in prior experiments in rats. However, based on the elevations in TSH, there should be some concern over the potential impacts of chronic consumption of iodine in drinking water. JF - Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A AU - Robison, L M AU - Sylvester, P W AU - Birkenfeld, P AU - Lang, J P AU - Bull, R J AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Molecular Biosciences Department, P.O. Box 999-P7-56, Richland, WA 99352, USA, dick.bull@pnl.gov Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 93 EP - 106 VL - 55 IS - 2 SN - 0098-4108, 0098-4108 KW - iodide KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Disinfection KW - Thyroid KW - Iodine KW - Drinking water KW - Hormones KW - X 24120:Food, additives & contaminants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17108333?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health%2C+Part+A&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+the+effects+of+iodine+and+iodide+on+thyroid+function+in+humans&rft.au=Robison%2C+L+M%3BSylvester%2C+P+W%3BBirkenfeld%2C+P%3BLang%2C+J+P%3BBull%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Robison&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=93&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health%2C+Part+A&rft.issn=00984108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Iodine; Hormones; Disinfection; Thyroid; Drinking water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Building backstop technologies and policies to implement the Framework Convention on Climate Change AN - 16502229; 4392817 AB - The goal of the Framework Convention on Climate Change is to stabilize the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere at levels which avoid dangerous an thropogenic interference with the climate (United Nations, 1992). No consensus currently exists with regard to a concentration that can be regarded as "safe," and the issue remains subject to debate, fuelled at least in part by the enormous difficulties in predicting and valuing the consequences of climate change. The attraction of efficient instruments for achieving atmospheric stabilization is great, and most of the analysis to date has focused on either tradable permits or taxes as the instruments of implementation. Clearly, efficient instruments are a first-best alternative for achieving any emissions mitigation objective. But efficient instruments have their own difficulties, not the least of which is the income distribution problem. The purpose of this paper is to examine the performance and cost characteristics of an alternative, technology based, policy instrument, which might serve as a "backstop" in the event that efficient policy instruments could not be employed. Such instruments are of interest because they potentially offer a strategy for stabilizing the atmosphere, while requiring relatively minor financial transfers and allowing economic development to proceed. They accomplish these goals at the expense of economic efficiency, although our study shows the effect of the economic inefficiency is limited to approximately 30%. On the other hand, a technology strategy approach can offer wide technological flexibility in meeting the performance standard. The backstop protocol we study here requires new powerplant and coal-based synthetic fuels capacity to scrub carbon from the waste gas stream in Annex I nations, and provides a mechanism by which non-Annex I nations can graduate into obligations. We examine this protocol under two alternative reference energy futures: one dominated by coal and the other dominated by unconventional oil and gas. JF - Energy & Environment AU - Edmonds, J AU - Wise, M AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 383 EP - 397 VL - 9 IS - 4 SN - 0958-305X, 0958-305X KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16502229?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+%26+Environment&rft.atitle=Building+backstop+technologies+and+policies+to+implement+the+Framework+Convention+on+Climate+Change&rft.au=Edmonds%2C+J%3BWise%2C+M&rft.aulast=Edmonds&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=383&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+%26+Environment&rft.issn=0958305X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Strontium-90 in alfalfa (Medicago sativa) around the Hanford Site in southeastern Washington State: An evaluation of surveillance data AN - 16354588; 4308137 AB - From 1988-1994, super(90)Sr concentrations in alfalfa (Medicago sativa) grown in areas receiving irrigation water from the Columbia River downstream of Hanford have exceeded concentrations observed in alfalfa grown nearby using other irrigation water sources. Surveillance data indicate that the relationship is not linked to atmospheric releases from Hanford. Attributing the apparent differences in super(90)Sr concentrations to irrigation water is equivocal. Evaluations of super(90)Sr in Columbia River water fail to consistently show a statistically significant contribution at locations immediately downstream of Hanford. Modeling of past super(90)Sr fallout accumulation in soil indicates that the potential contribution from Hanford liquid effluents entering the Columbia River, subsequently used as irrigation water from 1972 to 1992, would account for 2% of super(90)Sr in soil. The remaining 98% arises from historic atomic weapons testing fallout. JF - Journal of Environmental Radioactivity AU - Poston, T M AU - Jaquish, R E AU - Antonio, E J AU - Patton, G W AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Box 999, Richland, WA, USA Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 87 EP - 105 VL - 39 IS - 1 SN - 0265-931X, 0265-931X KW - Medicago sativa KW - USA, Hanford Site KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - P 8000:RADIATION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16354588?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Radioactivity&rft.atitle=Strontium-90+in+alfalfa+%28Medicago+sativa%29+around+the+Hanford+Site+in+southeastern+Washington+State%3A+An+evaluation+of+surveillance+data&rft.au=Poston%2C+T+M%3BJaquish%2C+R+E%3BAntonio%2C+E+J%3BPatton%2C+G+W&rft.aulast=Poston&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=87&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Radioactivity&rft.issn=0265931X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial reduction of cobalt super(III)EDTA super(-) in the presence and absence of manganese (IV) oxide AN - 16344060; 4309303 AB - Codisposal of super(60)Co super(2+) and EDTA has promoted the transport of radioactive super(60)Co in the environment as super(60)CoEDTA complexes. Chemical oxidation of Co super(II)EDTA super(2-) to highly stable and mobile Co super(III)EDTA super(-) by manganese(VI) oxide minerals can occur under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Reduction of Co(III) to Co(II) decreases the stability of the radionuclide-chelate complex and can limit the transport of the super(60)Co in subsurface environments. This study investigated the microbial reduction of Co super(III)EDTA super(-) in the presence and absence of reactive manganese(IV) oxides. The metal-reducing bacterium Shewanella alga strain BrY enzymatically reduced Co super(III)EDTA super(-) to Co super(II)EDTA super(2-) with a 1:1 stoichiometry. Reduction of Co super(III)EDTA super(-) was not affected by radioactive super(60)Co super(III)EDTA super(-) at concentrations exceeding those recorded in contaminated environments. Bacterial reduction of Co super(III)EDTA super(-) could be coupled to the chemical oxidation of Co super(II)EDTA super(2-) by the manganese(IV) oxide mineral pyrolusite, resulting in biotic-abiotic cycling between Co super(II)EDTA super(2-) and Co super(III)EDTA super(-). Co super(III)EDTA super(-) significantly increased the rate and extent of manganese(IV) oxide reduction in the presence of metal reducing bacteria, and the Co super(II)EDTA super(2-) complex did not dissociate in these anoxic studies. Direct reduction of Co super(III)EDTA super(-) by microorganisms and geochemical oxidation of Co super(II)EDTA super(2-) by manganese(IV) oxides are important components of a complex set of coupled microbial and geochemical reactions that may influence the fate and transport of super(60)Co super(III)EDTA super(2-) in the environment. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Gorby, YA AU - Caccavo, F Jr AU - Bolton, H Jr AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Mailstop P7-54, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA Y1 - 1998/01// PY - 1998 DA - Jan 1998 SP - 244 EP - 250 VL - 32 IS - 2 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - biodegradation KW - cobalt EDTA KW - manganese oxide KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - A 01016:Microbial degradation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16344060?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Microbial+reduction+of+cobalt+super%28III%29EDTA+super%28-%29+in+the+presence+and+absence+of+manganese+%28IV%29+oxide&rft.au=Gorby%2C+YA%3BCaccavo%2C+F+Jr%3BBolton%2C+H+Jr&rft.aulast=Gorby&rft.aufirst=YA&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=244&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Downhole weir for measuring flow rate in recirculation wells AN - 13611755; 199900581 AB - The construction of a downhole weir aimed to resolve some of the problems encountered when measuring pumping rate within recirculation wells, such as the use of large-diameter pipes, turbulent flows and the need for flow measurement below ground surface. The 2 casing design was based on a open-channel weirs and had an accuracy of 2.8 gpm for flow rates between 10 and 40 gpm. Modification of the weirs by using stilling reservoirs or baffles improved accuracy. JF - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation AU - Gilmore, T AU - Davis, J AU - Coates, J AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richmond, Wash. Y1 - 1998 PY - 1998 DA - 1998 SP - 146 EP - 150 VL - 18 IS - 3 KW - Flow measurement (see also gauges gauging, meters) KW - Pipes (see also conduits, drains, pipelines,sewers) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13611755?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.atitle=Downhole+weir+for+measuring+flow+rate+in+recirculation+wells&rft.au=Gilmore%2C+T%3BDavis%2C+J%3BCoates%2C+J&rft.aulast=Gilmore&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=146&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Application. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An integrated assessment of climate change and the accelerated introduction of advanced energy technologies. An application of MiniCAM 1.0 AN - 759318142; 13770786 AB - We report results from the application of an integrated assessment model, MiniCAM 1.0. The model is employed to explore the full range of climate change implications of the successful development of cost effective, advanced, energy technologies. These technologies are shown to have a profound effect on the future magnitude and rate of anthropogenic climate change. We find that the introduction of assumptions developed by a group of 'bottom-up' modelers for the LEESS scenarios into a 'top-down' model, the Edmonds-Reilly-Barns Model, leads to 'top down' emissions trajectories similar to those of the LEESS . The cumulative effect of advanced energy technologies is to reduce annual emissions from fossil fuel use to levels which stabilize atmospheric concentrations below 550 ppmv. While all energy technologies play roles, the introduction of advanced biomass energy production technology is particularly important. The consideration of all greenhouse related anthropogenic emissions, and in particular sulfur dioxide, is found to be important. We find that the consideration of sulfur dioxide emissions coupled to rapid reductions in carbon dioxide emissions leads to higher global mean temperatures prior to 2050 than in the reference case. This result is due to the short-term cooling impact of sulfate aerosols, which dominates the long-term warming impact of CO sub(2) and CH sub(4) in the years prior to 2050. We also show that damage calculations which use only mean global temperature and income may be underestimating damages by up to a factor of five. Disaggregating income reduces this to a factor of two, still a major error. Finally, the role of the discount rate is shown to be extraordinarily important to technology preference. JF - Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change AU - Edmonds, Jae AU - Wise, Marshall AU - Pitcher, Hugh AU - Richels, Richard AU - Wigley, Tom AU - Maccracken, Chris AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 901 D Street, S.W., Suite 900 DC, 20024-2115, Washington, USA Y1 - 1997/12// PY - 1997 DA - Dec 1997 SP - 311 EP - 339 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 1 IS - 4 SN - 1381-2386, 1381-2386 KW - Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Methane KW - anthropogenic factors KW - Climatic changes KW - Temperature KW - Sulfur dioxide KW - income KW - Emissions KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Technology KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/759318142?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mitigation+and+Adaptation+Strategies+for+Global+Change&rft.atitle=An+integrated+assessment+of+climate+change+and+the+accelerated+introduction+of+advanced+energy+technologies.+An+application+of+MiniCAM+1.0&rft.au=Edmonds%2C+Jae%3BWise%2C+Marshall%3BPitcher%2C+Hugh%3BRichels%2C+Richard%3BWigley%2C+Tom%3BMaccracken%2C+Chris&rft.aulast=Edmonds&rft.aufirst=Jae&rft.date=1997-12-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=311&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mitigation+and+Adaptation+Strategies+for+Global+Change&rft.issn=13812386&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2FBF00464886 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Methane; Sulfur dioxide; anthropogenic factors; income; Climatic changes; Temperature; Emissions; Carbon dioxide; Technology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00464886 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Conservatism of the accident sequence evaluation program HRA procedure AN - 16267511; 4286380 AB - This paper presents a limited assessment of the conservatism of the Accident Sequence Evaluation Program (ASEP) human reliability analysis (HRA) procedure described in NUREG/CR-4772. The data for this study are derived from simulator examination reports from the NRC requalification examination cycle for nuclear power plant operators. The ASEP procedure was used to estimate human error probability (HEP) values for critical tasks, and the HEP results were compared with the failure rates observed in the examinations. The ASEP procedure was applied by PNNL operator license examiners who supplemented the limited information in the examination reports with expert judgment based upon their extensive simulator examination experience. Comparison of the average of the ASEP HEP values with the fraction of the population actually failed and demonstrated that the ASEP HEP values are larger (conservative) by a statistically significant average factor of two. Partitioning of tasks into subgroups based on the ASEP HEP values and comparison of the subgroup average ASEP HEP values with observed subgroup failure rates showed little or no conservatism for small ASEP HEP values, but considerable conservatism for larger ASEP HEP values. JF - Risk Analysis AU - Gore, B F AU - Dukelow, JS Jr AU - Mitts, T M AU - Nicholson, W L AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA Y1 - 1997/12// PY - 1997 DA - Dec 1997 SP - 781 EP - 788 VL - 17 IS - 6 SN - 0272-4332, 0272-4332 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts KW - R2 23020:Technological risks KW - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16267511?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+Analysis&rft.atitle=Conservatism+of+the+accident+sequence+evaluation+program+HRA+procedure&rft.au=Gore%2C+B+F%3BDukelow%2C+JS+Jr%3BMitts%2C+T+M%3BNicholson%2C+W+L&rft.aulast=Gore&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1997-12-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=781&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+Analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special issue: Health risks and benefits from the use of methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) as a fuel additive in the United States. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Growth effects on the partitioning and transport of bacteria AN - 1492585901; 2014-004735 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Murphy, Ellyn M AU - Gin, Timothy R AU - Brockman, Fred J AU - Boone, David R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1997/11/18/ PY - 1997 DA - 1997 Nov 18 SP - 231 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 78 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - degradation KW - contaminant plumes KW - pollutants KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - partitioning KW - bacteria KW - growth KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1492585901?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Growth+effects+on+the+partitioning+and+transport+of+bacteria&rft.au=Murphy%2C+Ellyn+M%3BGin%2C+Timothy+R%3BBrockman%2C+Fred+J%3BBoone%2C+David+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Murphy&rft.aufirst=Ellyn&rft.date=1997-11-18&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=231&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%292324-9250 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 1997 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-30 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; bacteria; bioremediation; contaminant plumes; degradation; ground water; growth; partitioning; pollutants; pollution; porous materials; prediction; remediation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A simplified model for surfactant enhanced aquifer remediation AN - 1492584090; 2014-004797 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Oostrom, M AU - White, M D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1997/11/18/ PY - 1997 DA - 1997 Nov 18 SP - 241 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 78 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - STOMP KW - numerical models KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - solution KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - finite element analysis KW - mass balance KW - surfactants KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1492584090?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=A+simplified+model+for+surfactant+enhanced+aquifer+remediation&rft.au=Oostrom%2C+M%3BWhite%2C+M+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Oostrom&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1997-11-18&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=241&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%292324-9250 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 1997 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-30 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; finite element analysis; ground water; mass balance; nonaqueous phase liquids; numerical models; pollutants; pollution; remediation; solution; STOMP; surfactants ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chemical/physical controls on the chemical reduction and oxidation rates of Fe-containing sediments AN - 1492583559; 2014-004775 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Williams, M D AU - Szecsody, J E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1997/11/18/ PY - 1997 DA - 1997 Nov 18 SP - 238 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 78 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - experimental studies KW - contaminant plumes KW - pollutants KW - oxidation KW - pollution KW - iron KW - remediation KW - ferric iron KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - metals KW - sediments KW - reduction KW - mass transfer KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1492583559?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Chemical%2Fphysical+controls+on+the+chemical+reduction+and+oxidation+rates+of+Fe-containing+sediments&rft.au=Williams%2C+M+D%3BSzecsody%2C+J+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1997-11-18&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=238&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%292324-9250 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 1997 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-30 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical reactions; contaminant plumes; experimental studies; ferric iron; iron; mass transfer; metals; oxidation; pollutants; pollution; reduction; remediation; sediments; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Emplacement and cooling rates in a flow of the Columbia River Basalt Group AN - 52629174; 1998-023907 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Ho, A AU - Cashman, K V AU - Reidel, S P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1997/11// PY - 1997 DA - November 1997 SP - 748 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 78 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - vesicular texture KW - United States KW - Washington KW - volcanic rocks KW - lava flows KW - textures KW - igneous rocks KW - Columbia River Basalt Group KW - rates KW - Miocene KW - emplacement KW - cores KW - models KW - Cenozoic KW - Oregon KW - Tertiary KW - Neogene KW - basalts KW - Pasco Basin KW - cooling KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52629174?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Emplacement+and+cooling+rates+in+a+flow+of+the+Columbia+River+Basalt+Group&rft.au=Ho%2C+A%3BCashman%2C+K+V%3BReidel%2C+S+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ho&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1997-11-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=748&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 1997 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - basalts; Cenozoic; Columbia River Basalt Group; cooling; cores; emplacement; igneous rocks; lava flows; Miocene; models; Neogene; Oregon; Pasco Basin; rates; Tertiary; textures; United States; vesicular texture; volcanic rocks; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microseism-induced displacements at laser interferometer gravitational wave observatory sites at Hanford, Washington and Livingston, Louisiana from tripartite seismometer arrays AN - 52602023; 1998-037936 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Rohay, Alan AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1997/11// PY - 1997 DA - November 1997 SP - 462 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 78 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - Washington KW - laser methods KW - geophysical surveys KW - Livingston Louisiana KW - geophysical methods KW - Hanford Site KW - Franklin County Washington KW - seismographs KW - Livingston Parish Louisiana KW - interferometry KW - seismic methods KW - gravity field KW - microseisms KW - surveys KW - Louisiana KW - Benton County Washington KW - instruments KW - arrays KW - 19:Seismology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52602023?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Microseism-induced+displacements+at+laser+interferometer+gravitational+wave+observatory+sites+at+Hanford%2C+Washington+and+Livingston%2C+Louisiana+from+tripartite+seismometer+arrays&rft.au=Rohay%2C+Alan%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Rohay&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft.date=1997-11-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=462&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union, 1997 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arrays; Benton County Washington; Franklin County Washington; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; gravity field; Hanford Site; instruments; interferometry; laser methods; Livingston Louisiana; Livingston Parish Louisiana; Louisiana; microseisms; seismic methods; seismographs; surveys; United States; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biological effects of inhaled 238PuO2 in beagles. AN - 79339900; 9339953 AB - Beagle dogs exposed to 238PuO2 aerosols (136 dogs, 13-22 per group, mean initial lung depositions of 0.0, 0.13, 0.68, 3.1, 13, 52 and 210 kBq) were observed throughout life to determine tissues at risk and dose-effect relationships. The pulmonary retention of 238Pu was represented by the sum of two exponentially decreasing components of the initial lung deposition; about 84% cleared with a 174-day half-time; the half-time of the remainder was 908 days. The average percentages of final body burden found in lung, skeleton, liver and thoracic lymph nodes in the 30 longest-surviving dogs (mean survival 14 years) were 1, 46, 42 and 6%, respectively. Of 116 beagles exposed to plutonium, 34 (29%) developed bone tumors, 31 (27%) developed lung tumors, and 8 (7%) developed liver tumors. Although lungs accumulated a higher average radiation dose than skeleton, more deaths were due to bone tumors than to lung tumors. Deterministic effects included radiation pneumonitis, osteodystrophy, hepatic nodular hyperplasia, lymphopenia, neutropenia and sclerosing tracheobronchial lymphadenitis. Hypoadrenocorticism was also observed in a few dogs. Increased serum alanine aminotransferase, indicative of liver damage, was observed in groups with > or =3.1 kBq initial lung deposition. Estimates of cumulative tissue dose in a human exposed to airborne 238PuO2 for 50 years at a rate of one annual limit on intake each year were derived based on a comparison of the data on metabolism for humans and beagles. The 50-year dose estimates for humans are an order of magnitude lower than doses at which increased incidence of neoplasia was observed in these dogs, whereas the projected doses to humans from 50-year exposure at the annual limit of intake are of similar magnitude to those at which deterministic effects were seen in the beagles. JF - Radiation research AU - Park, J F AU - Buschbom, R L AU - Dagle, G E AU - James, A C AU - Watson, C R AU - Weller, R E AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA. Y1 - 1997/10// PY - 1997 DA - October 1997 SP - 365 EP - 381 VL - 148 IS - 4 SN - 0033-7587, 0033-7587 KW - plutonium dioxide KW - 12059-95-9 KW - Plutonium KW - 53023GN24M KW - Index Medicus KW - Space life sciences KW - Animals KW - Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced -- etiology KW - Humans KW - Tissue Distribution KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation KW - Addison Disease -- etiology KW - Risk KW - Bone Neoplasms -- etiology KW - Hematologic Diseases -- etiology KW - Lung Neoplasms -- etiology KW - Radiation Pneumonitis -- etiology KW - Dogs KW - Administration, Inhalation KW - Liver Neoplasms -- etiology KW - Male KW - Female KW - Lung -- radiation effects KW - Plutonium -- pharmacokinetics KW - Radiation Injuries, Experimental -- pathology KW - Radiation Injuries, Experimental -- metabolism KW - Plutonium -- administration & dosage KW - Plutonium -- toxicity KW - Radiation Injuries, Experimental -- etiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79339900?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+research&rft.atitle=Biological+effects+of+inhaled+238PuO2+in+beagles.&rft.au=Park%2C+J+F%3BBuschbom%2C+R+L%3BDagle%2C+G+E%3BJames%2C+A+C%3BWatson%2C+C+R%3BWeller%2C+R+E&rft.aulast=Park&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1997-10-01&rft.volume=148&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=365&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+research&rft.issn=00337587&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-10-31 N1 - Date created - 1997-10-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Public participation in radiological surveillance. AN - 79310188; 9314235 AB - In 1989, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory developed a program, for the U.S. Department of Energy, to involve local citizens in environmental surveillance at the Hanford Site. The Community-Operated Environmental Surveillance Program was patterned after similar community-involvement efforts at the Nevada Test Site and the Three Mile Island nuclear facility. Its purpose is to increase the flow of information to the public, thereby enhancing the public's awareness and understanding of surveillance activities. The program consists of two components: radiological air monitoring at nine offsite locations and agricultural product sampling at selected locations near the site. At each air-monitoring station, two local school teachers collect air particulate samples and operate equipment to monitor ambient radiation levels. Atmospheric tritium samples (as water vapor) are also collected at some locations. Four of the air-monitoring stations include large, colorful informational displays for public viewing. These displays provide details on station equipment, sample types, and sampling purposes. Instruments in the displays also monitor, record, and show real-time ambient radiation readings (measured with a pressurized ionization chamber) and meteorological conditions. Agricultural products, grown primarily by middle-school-aged students, are obtained from areas downwind of the site. Following analysis of these samples, environmental surveillance staff visit the schools to discuss the results with the students and their teachers. The data collected by these air and agricultural sampling efforts are summarized with other routinely collected sitewide surveillance data and reported annually in the Hanford Site environmental report. JF - Health physics AU - Hanf, R W AU - Schreckhise, R G AU - Patton, G W AU - Poston, T M AU - Jaquish, R E AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA. Y1 - 1997/10// PY - 1997 DA - October 1997 SP - 700 EP - 705 VL - 73 IS - 4 SN - 0017-9078, 0017-9078 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Washington KW - Meteorological Concepts KW - Humans KW - Government Agencies KW - Air Pollution, Radioactive -- prevention & control KW - Air Pollution, Radioactive -- analysis KW - Radiation Protection KW - Community Participation KW - Radiation Monitoring UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79310188?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+physics&rft.atitle=Public+participation+in+radiological+surveillance.&rft.au=Hanf%2C+R+W%3BSchreckhise%2C+R+G%3BPatton%2C+G+W%3BPoston%2C+T+M%3BJaquish%2C+R+E&rft.aulast=Hanf&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1997-10-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=700&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+physics&rft.issn=00179078&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-10-23 N1 - Date created - 1997-10-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pore-size constraints on the activity and survival of subsurface bacteria in a Late Cretaceous shale-sandstone sequence, northwestern New Mexico AN - 52083773; 2002-053766 JF - Geomicrobiology Journal AU - Fredrickson, J K AU - McKinley, J P AU - Bjornstad, B N AU - Long, P E AU - Ringelberg, D B AU - White, D C AU - Krumholz, L R AU - Suflita, J M AU - Colwell, F S AU - Lehman, R M AU - Phelps, T J AU - Onstott, T C Y1 - 1997/09// PY - 1997 DA - September 1997 SP - 183 EP - 202 PB - Taylor & Francis, London VL - 14 IS - 3 SN - 0149-0451, 0149-0451 KW - United States KW - biochemical sedimentation KW - Cretaceous KW - shale KW - Mancos Shale KW - sedimentation KW - sandstone KW - northwestern New Mexico KW - New Mexico KW - Upper Cretaceous KW - porosity KW - Mesozoic KW - sedimentary rocks KW - bacteria KW - Dakota Formation KW - clastic rocks KW - activity KW - microorganisms KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52083773?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geomicrobiology+Journal&rft.atitle=Pore-size+constraints+on+the+activity+and+survival+of+subsurface+bacteria+in+a+Late+Cretaceous+shale-sandstone+sequence%2C+northwestern+New+Mexico&rft.au=Fredrickson%2C+J+K%3BMcKinley%2C+J+P%3BBjornstad%2C+B+N%3BLong%2C+P+E%3BRingelberg%2C+D+B%3BWhite%2C+D+C%3BKrumholz%2C+L+R%3BSuflita%2C+J+M%3BColwell%2C+F+S%3BLehman%2C+R+M%3BPhelps%2C+T+J%3BOnstott%2C+T+C&rft.aulast=Fredrickson&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1997-09-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=183&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geomicrobiology+Journal&rft.issn=01490451&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 47 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GEJODG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - activity; bacteria; biochemical sedimentation; clastic rocks; Cretaceous; Dakota Formation; Mancos Shale; Mesozoic; microorganisms; New Mexico; northwestern New Mexico; porosity; sandstone; sedimentary rocks; sedimentation; shale; United States; Upper Cretaceous ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Uncertainty analyses of infiltration and subsurface flow and transport for SDMP sites AN - 51210998; 2000-000190 AB - U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission staff have identified a number of sites requiring special attention in the decommissioning process because of elevated levels of radioactive contaminants. Traits common to many of these sites include limited data characterizing the subsurface, the presence of long-lived radionuclides necessitating a long-term analysis (1000 years or more), and potential exposure through multiple pathways. As a consequence of these traits, the uncertainty in predicted exposures can be significant. In addition, simplifications to the physical system and the transport mechanisms are often necessary to reduce the computational requirements of the analysis. Several multiple-path-way transport codes exist for estimating dose, two of which were used in this study. These two codes have built-in Monte Carlo simulation capabilities that were used for the uncertainty analysis. Several tools for improving uncertainty analyses of exposure estimates through the groundwater pathway have been developed and are discussed in this report. JF - NUREG/CR (United States. Nuclear Regulatory Commission) AU - Meyer, P D AU - Rockhold, M L AU - Gee, G W Y1 - 1997/09// PY - 1997 DA - September 1997 SP - 168 PB - U. S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research, Washington, DC SN - 0278-1670, 0278-1670 KW - United States KW - soils KW - isotopes KW - detection limit KW - site exploration KW - pollution KW - migration of elements KW - fluid dynamics KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - physical properties KW - radioactive isotopes KW - infiltration KW - waste disposal KW - military facilities KW - mobility KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51210998?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Meyer%2C+P+D%3BRockhold%2C+M+L%3BGee%2C+G+W&rft.aulast=Meyer&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1997-09-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Uncertainty+analyses+of+infiltration+and+subsurface+flow+and+transport+for+SDMP+sites&rft.title=Uncertainty+analyses+of+infiltration+and+subsurface+flow+and+transport+for+SDMP+sites&rft.issn=02781670&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from NTIS database, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, (703)605-6000, order number NUREG/CR-6565NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - SuppNotes - Technical report; Oct. 1995-Sept. 1997 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - detection limit; fluid dynamics; ground water; infiltration; isotopes; migration of elements; military facilities; mobility; physical properties; pollution; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; site exploration; soils; United States; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - UAV sensor platform AN - 50853815; 2008-101283 AB - The Sikorsky Cypher unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) was selected as the initial aircraft to be tested as a platform for the geophysical sensors that will be used to detect underground structures as part of the U.S. Department of Energy's Underground Facilities Program. Site inspections will require rapid coverage of areas that may be several square kilometers in size and may be hazardous or difficult to traverse in ground vehicles. The Cypher is a small donut-shaped helicopter that can transport an 11-kg sensor payload at hover or at speeds up to 80 km/hr. Several modifications and upgrades have been made in the avionics and flight-control software of the aircraft, including high-accuracy differential GPS and software for autonomous surveys. To date, the aircraft has been tested as a platform for cesium total-field magnetometers and an electromagnetic induction sensor. In several field tests, including surveys of two underground structures at the Nevada test Site, magnetometer arrays have been effective in detecting a wide variety of targets. Magnetic detection is currently limited to anomalies that have a magnitude greater than approximately 10 nT. The electromagnetic sensor was not effective due to its sensitivity to the magnetic noise of the aircraft. Continued development of the Cypher by Sikorsky will provide improved performance in terms of payload and mission duration. Continued efforts are also planned to test additional sensors on the aircraft, to reduce or further compensate for vehicle noise, and to implement enhanced flight controls for surveys in a terrain-following mode. JF - Journal of Environmental & Engineering Geophysics AU - Sandness, Gerald A AU - Stewart, Timothy L AU - St Pierre, Devon AU - Cycon, James P A2 - Veith, Karl F. Y1 - 1997/09// PY - 1997 DA - September 1997 SP - 79 EP - 88 PB - Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, Englewood, CO VL - 2 IS - 2 SN - 1083-1363, 1083-1363 KW - United States KW - hazardous waste KW - Global Positioning System KW - data acquisition KW - data processing KW - techniques KW - magnetometers KW - magnetic properties KW - unmanned aerial vehicles KW - tunnels KW - electromagnetic methods KW - Yucca Mountain KW - Nevada KW - helicopter methods KW - experimental studies KW - monitoring KW - underground storage KW - UAV KW - geophysical methods KW - magnetic methods KW - Nye County Nevada KW - noise KW - detection KW - aircraft KW - underground installations KW - risk assessment KW - accuracy KW - underground disposal KW - instruments KW - remote sensing KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50853815?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+%26+Engineering+Geophysics&rft.atitle=UAV+sensor+platform&rft.au=Sandness%2C+Gerald+A%3BStewart%2C+Timothy+L%3BSt+Pierre%2C+Devon%3BCycon%2C+James+P&rft.aulast=Sandness&rft.aufirst=Gerald&rft.date=1997-09-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=79&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+%26+Engineering+Geophysics&rft.issn=10831363&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; aircraft; data acquisition; data processing; detection; electromagnetic methods; experimental studies; geophysical methods; Global Positioning System; hazardous waste; helicopter methods; instruments; magnetic methods; magnetic properties; magnetometers; monitoring; Nevada; noise; Nye County Nevada; remote sensing; risk assessment; techniques; tunnels; UAV; underground disposal; underground installations; underground storage; United States; unmanned aerial vehicles; Yucca Mountain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A stick model for computing magnetic anomalies produced by manmade structures AN - 50853730; 2008-101284 JF - Journal of Environmental & Engineering Geophysics AU - Lessor, Delbert L AU - Johnson, Jeffrey M AU - Sandness, Gerald A AU - Inguva, Ramarao AU - Noffsinger, Kent A2 - Veith, Karl F. Y1 - 1997/09// PY - 1997 DA - September 1997 SP - 89 EP - 98 PB - Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, Englewood, CO VL - 2 IS - 2 SN - 1083-1363, 1083-1363 KW - United States KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - spatial data KW - data processing KW - Green function KW - magnetic field KW - radioactive waste KW - magnetic properties KW - Nevada Test Site KW - finite element analysis KW - Nevada KW - patterns KW - numerical models KW - geophysical methods KW - pollution KW - magnetic methods KW - magnetic anomalies KW - electrical field KW - aquifers KW - models KW - computer programs KW - underground installations KW - risk assessment KW - waste disposal KW - underground disposal KW - instruments KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50853730?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+%26+Engineering+Geophysics&rft.atitle=A+stick+model+for+computing+magnetic+anomalies+produced+by+manmade+structures&rft.au=Lessor%2C+Delbert+L%3BJohnson%2C+Jeffrey+M%3BSandness%2C+Gerald+A%3BInguva%2C+Ramarao%3BNoffsinger%2C+Kent&rft.aulast=Lessor&rft.aufirst=Delbert&rft.date=1997-09-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=89&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+%26+Engineering+Geophysics&rft.issn=10831363&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; computer programs; data processing; electrical field; finite element analysis; geophysical methods; Green function; instruments; magnetic anomalies; magnetic field; magnetic methods; magnetic properties; models; Nevada; Nevada Test Site; numerical models; patterns; pollution; radioactive waste; risk assessment; spatial data; underground disposal; underground installations; United States; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A transient flux model for convective infiltration; forward and inverse solutions for chloride mass balance studies AN - 50135848; 2000-010540 AB - Forward and inverse solutions are provided for analysis of inert tracer profiles resulting from one-dimensional convective transport under fluxes which vary with time and space separately. The approach is developed as an extension of conventional chloride mass balance techniques used to analyze vertical unsaturated aqueous phase transport over large timescales in arid environments. This generalized chloride mass balance (GCMB) approach allows incorporation of transient fluxes and boundary values of precipitation and chloride mass deposition and allows analysis of a tracer profile which does not remain constant with depth below the extraction zone, in terms of a purely convective water transport model. The conventional quasi-steady state chloride mass balance (CMB) can be derived from the transient GCMB model developed here. By specifying a link between precipitation and recharge, closed-form forward and inverse solutions relating soil water chloride concentrations to transient boundary fluxes are obtained. This link is necessary for quantitative analysis of variable chloride profiles arising from climatic change. The GCMB can use transient chloride mass deposition rates, transient precipitation, and transient evapotranspiration rates. If two of these quantities are known or if the time frame is constrained such that a quantity can be treated as constant, then the inverse model can be used to determine the third. When mixing processes are limited, the GCMB can provide an alternative approach for estimating paleoprecipitation for performanceassessment modeling. The GCMB model is demonstrated with the following applications: (1) determination of time-varying precipitation from a field chloride profile and (2) evaluation of transient changes in water extraction by evapotranspiration and transient recharge associated with a change in land use. Copyright 1997 by the American Geophysical Union. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Ginn, Timothy R AU - Murphy, Ellyn M Y1 - 1997/09// PY - 1997 DA - September 1997 SP - 2065 EP - 2079 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 33 IS - 9 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - chlorine KW - meteoric water KW - numerical models KW - solutions KW - unsteady flow KW - halogens KW - unsaturated zone KW - inverse problem KW - direct problem KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - convection KW - evapotranspiration KW - ground water KW - recharge KW - chloride ion KW - mass balance KW - infiltration KW - tracers KW - water regimes KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50135848?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=A+transient+flux+model+for+convective+infiltration%3B+forward+and+inverse+solutions+for+chloride+mass+balance+studies&rft.au=Ginn%2C+Timothy+R%3BMurphy%2C+Ellyn+M&rft.aulast=Ginn&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft.date=1997-09-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=2065&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F97WR01618 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 48 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmospheric precipitation; chloride ion; chlorine; convection; direct problem; evapotranspiration; ground water; halogens; infiltration; inverse problem; mass balance; meteoric water; numerical models; recharge; solutions; tracers; unsaturated zone; unsteady flow; water regimes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/97WR01618 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Two-well test method for determining hydraulic properties of aquifers AN - 52639341; 1998-016393 JF - Ground Water AU - Clement, T P AU - Truex, M J AU - Hooker, B S Y1 - 1997/08// PY - 1997 DA - August 1997 SP - 698 EP - 703 PB - National Water Well Association, Ground-Water Technology Division, Urbana, IL VL - 35 IS - 4 SN - 0017-467X, 0017-467X KW - wells KW - pump tests KW - steady-state processes KW - observation wells KW - hydrodynamics KW - water wells KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52639341?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water&rft.atitle=Two-well+test+method+for+determining+hydraulic+properties+of+aquifers&rft.au=Clement%2C+T+P%3BTruex%2C+M+J%3BHooker%2C+B+S&rft.aulast=Clement&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1997-08-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=698&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water&rft.issn=0017467X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6584 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - PubXState - IL N1 - Document feature - 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - GRWAAP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; ground water; hydrodynamics; observation wells; pump tests; remediation; steady-state processes; water wells; wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Gas release during salt-well pumping; model predictions and laboratory validation studies for soluble and insoluble gases AN - 52415368; 2000-000027 AB - The Hanford Site has 149 single-shell tanks (SSTs) containing radioactive wastes that are complex mixes of radioactive and chemical products. Of these, 67 are known or suspected to have leaked liquid from the tanks into the surrounding soil. Salt-well pumping, or interim stabilization, is a well-established operation for removing drainable interstitial liquid from SSTs. The overall objective of this ongoing study is to develop a quantitative understanding of the release rates and cumulative releases of flammable gases from SSTs as a result of salt-well pumping. The current study is an extension of the previous work reported by Peurrung et al. (1996). The first objective of this current study was to conduct laboratory experiments to quantify the release of soluble and insoluble gases. The second was to determine experimentally the role of characteristic waste heterogeneities on the gas release rates. The third objective was to evaluate and validate the computer model STOMP (Subsurface Transport over Multiple Phases) used by Peurrung et al. (1996) to predict the release of both soluble (typically ammonia) and insoluble gases (typically hydrogen) during and after salt-well pumping. The fourth and final objective of the current study was to predict the gas release behavior for a range of typical tank conditions and actual tank geometry. In these models, the authors seek to include all the pertinent salt-well pumping operational parameters and a realistic range of physical properties of the SST wastes. For predicting actual tank behavior, two-dimensional (2-D) simulations were performed with a representative 2-D tank geometry. JF - PNNL. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory AU - Peurrung, L M AU - Caley, S M AU - Gauglitz, P A Y1 - 1997/08// PY - 1997 DA - August 1997 SP - 100 PB - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA KW - United States KW - soils KW - bedrock KW - leaking underground storage tanks KW - chemically precipitated rocks KW - Washington KW - pumping KW - waste disposal sites KW - observation wells KW - Hanford Site KW - evaporites KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - radioactive waste KW - gases KW - sedimentary rocks KW - safety KW - hydrogen KW - waste disposal KW - salt KW - ammonia compound KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52415368?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Peurrung%2C+L+M%3BCaley%2C+S+M%3BGauglitz%2C+P+A&rft.aulast=Peurrung&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1997-08-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Gas+release+during+salt-well+pumping%3B+model+predictions+and+laboratory+validation+studies+for+soluble+and+insoluble+gases&rft.title=Gas+release+during+salt-well+pumping%3B+model+predictions+and+laboratory+validation+studies+for+soluble+and+insoluble+gases&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from NTIS database, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, (703)605-6000, order number DE97054182NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - WA N1 - SuppNotes - Contract AC06-76RL01830 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04694 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ammonia compound; bedrock; chemically precipitated rocks; environmental analysis; evaporites; gases; Hanford Site; hydrogen; leaking underground storage tanks; observation wells; pumping; radioactive waste; remediation; safety; salt; sedimentary rocks; soils; United States; Washington; waste disposal; waste disposal sites ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An assessment of the flux of (super 90) Sr contamination through the Ob' River and estuary to the Kara sea AN - 52367534; 2000-027322 JF - The Science of the Total Environment AU - Paluszkiewicz, Theresa AU - Hibler, Lyle F AU - Becker, Peter AU - Mandych, Anatoly AU - Richmond, Marshall C AU - Thomas, Susan A2 - Strand, Per A2 - Howard, Brenda A2 - Cooke, Andrew Y1 - 1997/08// PY - 1997 DA - August 1997 SP - 43 EP - 56 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 202 IS - 1-3 SN - 0048-9697, 0048-9697 KW - Sr-90 KW - isotopes KW - Russian Federation KW - Ob River KW - environmental analysis KW - radioactive waste KW - radioactive isotopes KW - Commonwealth of Independent States KW - Ob Delta KW - arctic environment KW - Arctic Ocean KW - depositional environment KW - nuclear explosions KW - estuarine environment KW - Asia KW - fallout KW - concentration KW - alkaline earth metals KW - monitoring KW - explosions KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - Kara Sea KW - metals KW - coastal environment KW - waste disposal KW - strontium KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52367534?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.atitle=An+assessment+of+the+flux+of+%28super+90%29+Sr+contamination+through+the+Ob%27+River+and+estuary+to+the+Kara+sea&rft.au=Paluszkiewicz%2C+Theresa%3BHibler%2C+Lyle+F%3BBecker%2C+Peter%3BMandych%2C+Anatoly%3BRichmond%2C+Marshall+C%3BThomas%2C+Susan&rft.aulast=Paluszkiewicz&rft.aufirst=Theresa&rft.date=1997-08-01&rft.volume=202&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=43&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.issn=00489697&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Second symposium and international conference on Environmental radioactivity in the Arctic N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; arctic environment; Arctic Ocean; Asia; coastal environment; Commonwealth of Independent States; concentration; depositional environment; environmental analysis; estuarine environment; explosions; fallout; isotopes; Kara Sea; metals; monitoring; nuclear explosions; Ob Delta; Ob River; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; Russian Federation; Sr-90; strontium; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Testicular atrophy in a mule deer population. AN - 79185344; 9249686 AB - Monitoring mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) on a former plutonium production site along the Columbia River at the Hanford Site, Washington (USA) revealed 27 (23%) of 116 adult males had unusually shaped, velvet-covered antlers and abnormally developed testicles. We captured 32 males to examine age-class differences and the ratio of affected to unaffected deer and determine whether affected testicles were atrophic or hypoplastic. We found testicular atrophy in most deer with velvet-covered antlers, primarily in animals older than 5 yr. Deer had marked to extreme stages of testicular atrophy, indicating permanent sterility. Decreased serum levels of testosterone and compensatory increased levels of luteininzing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone were detected in all affected males; thus, the gondopituitary hormonal pathway may have responded to abnormally low levels of testosterone in the affected animals. Brucella spp. antibodies in sera were not detected and 9 (90%) of 10 affected animals were seropositive for epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV-2) and bluetongue virus (BTV-11) as compared to 12 (63%) of 19 unaffected animals; however, signs of other infectious diseases were not observed. Testicular degeneration generally exceeded that observed with nutritional disorders and poisons in domestic species. Also, severity of the atrophy and apparent lack of other affected tissues suggested that radiation may not be responsible. Testicular atrophy in mule deer has been reported elsewhere; however, neither prevalence has been as high nor or occurrence as well confined to a specific geographical area, as that observed at the Hanford Site. Furthermore, no physiological or age-related influences were described. Documenting the status of such variables and examining their relationships to this phenomenon is a crucial step in understanding the reproductive capacity of a wild deer population. JF - Journal of wildlife diseases AU - Tiller, B L AU - Dagle, G E AU - Cadwell, L L AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA. Y1 - 1997/07// PY - 1997 DA - July 1997 SP - 420 EP - 429 VL - 33 IS - 3 SN - 0090-3558, 0090-3558 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Age Factors KW - Antlers -- abnormalities KW - Washington -- epidemiology KW - Atrophy KW - Male KW - Infertility, Male -- veterinary KW - Deer -- abnormalities KW - Testis -- pathology KW - Infertility, Male -- pathology KW - Infertility, Male -- epidemiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79185344?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+wildlife+diseases&rft.atitle=Testicular+atrophy+in+a+mule+deer+population.&rft.au=Tiller%2C+B+L%3BDagle%2C+G+E%3BCadwell%2C+L+L&rft.aulast=Tiller&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1997-07-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=420&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+wildlife+diseases&rft.issn=00903558&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1998-01-14 N1 - Date created - 1998-01-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Power frequency magnetic fields do not contribute to transformation of JB6 cells. AN - 79146952; 9230281 AB - The potential for power frequency magnetic fields to enhance neoplastic transformation has been investigated in vitro using promotion-sensitive mouse epidermal JB6 cells. In a soft agar assay, 60-Hz magnetic fields of 0.01, 0.1, 1.0, or 1.1 mT flux density did not induce anchorage-independent growth. In addition, these magnetic fields did not enhance tumor promoter-induced transformation showing no increase in the maximum number of transformed colonies and no shift in the dose-response curve. Thus, these data do not support the notion that environmental exposures to magnetic fields contribute to transformation. JF - Carcinogenesis AU - Saffer, J D AU - Chen, G AU - Colburn, N H AU - Thurston, S J AD - Molecular Biosciences Department, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA. Y1 - 1997/07// PY - 1997 DA - July 1997 SP - 1365 EP - 1370 VL - 18 IS - 7 SN - 0143-3334, 0143-3334 KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Index Medicus KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- toxicity KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Mice KW - Blood Physiological Phenomena KW - Magnetics KW - Cell Transformation, Neoplastic UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79146952?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=Power+frequency+magnetic+fields+do+not+contribute+to+transformation+of+JB6+cells.&rft.au=Saffer%2C+J+D%3BChen%2C+G%3BColburn%2C+N+H%3BThurston%2C+S+J&rft.aulast=Saffer&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1997-07-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1365&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Carcinogenesis&rft.issn=01433334&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-08-07 N1 - Date created - 1997-08-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Use of 16S rDNA clone libraries to study changes in a microbial community resulting from ex situ perturbation of a subsurface sediment AN - 17363783; 4580316 AB - Total community DNA was isolated from a series of low-biomass subsurface sediments immediately after coring, either maintained as intact cores or homogenized and maintained at 17 degree C for up to 21 weeks. Eubacterial 16S rRNA genes were recovered by PCR amplification, and full-length, cloned genes were digested with CfoI. Resulting restriction enzyme patterns were used to group clones into specific RFLP groups. The abundance and distribution of individual clones within the RFLP groups was used to assess the changes in community structure as a function of storage time and sample condition (i.e., intact versus homogenized). Ninety-eight different RFLP groups were identified in toto. Large subsets of new RFLP groups were continuously identified at increasing times post-sampling. Only 12 specific RFLP patterns were identified in both homogenized and intact samples, however, indicating that the response of these communities varied significantly between the homogenized and intact sediments. Further, a comparison of clone libraries from the multiple sample treatments provided evidence that the relative abundance of clones within specific RFLP groups reflected a change in the abundance of that specific RFLP group within the microbial community. These results support the hypothesis that both growth and resuscitational processes are responsible for post-sampling stimulation of subsurface microorganisms. These and similar approaches will further enhance our ability to more rigorously analyze the composition and structure of low-biomass (e.g., < 10 super(5) cells g super(-1)), subsurface microbial communities. JF - FEMS MICROBIOL. REV. AU - Chandler, D P AU - Brockman, F J AU - Fredrickson, J K A2 - Bachofen, R Y1 - 1997/07// PY - 1997 DA - Jul 1997 SP - 14 EP - 230 KW - growth KW - biochemistry KW - clone libraries KW - rRNA 16S gene KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Biochemistry KW - Abundance KW - Restriction fragment length polymorphism KW - Enzymes KW - Sediments KW - Aquatic microorganisms KW - Community composition KW - Growth KW - Cores KW - Microorganisms KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Sampling KW - SW 0810:General KW - J 02704:Enumeration UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17363783?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Bacteriology+Abstracts+%28Microbiology+B%29&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Chandler%2C+D+P%3BBrockman%2C+F+J%3BFredrickson%2C+J+K&rft.aulast=Chandler&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1997-07-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=217&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Use+of+16S+rDNA+clone+libraries+to+study+changes+in+a+microbial+community+resulting+from+ex+situ+perturbation+of+a+subsurface+sediment&rft.title=Use+of+16S+rDNA+clone+libraries+to+study+changes+in+a+microbial+community+resulting+from+ex+situ+perturbation+of+a+subsurface+sediment&rft.issn=01686445&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Subsurface microbiological heterogeneity: current knowledge, descriptive approaches and applications AN - 17363772; 4580317 AB - Improved understanding of the spatial and temporal distribution of microbiological properties and processes is critical due to the relative difficulty and high cost of obtaining large numbers of subsurface samples. Quantification of spatial patterns in subsurface environments is important because it is well known that geologic, hydrologic and geochemical properties are not constant in space; rather, they are spatially autocorrelated, or related over certain length scales. Preliminary research indicates that subsurface microbiological properties have similar length scales, and the microbiological properties appear to be spatially correlated to geologic, hydrologic and/or geochemical properties. Temporal variability can also be important in subsurface systems that receive seasonal recharge. In order to better understand heterogeneous subsurface systems, it is critical to sample such that the spatial and temporal patterns are adequately captured, and understand what is causing the variability and spatial patterns. Improved understanding in these two areas will yield more efficient sampling schemes, assist in defining factors that control the distribution of microbiological properties at the field scale, and increase the ability to predict and ultimately model the distribution of microbiological properties and the responses of microbial communities to environmental perturbations such as subsurface contaminant transport and bioremediation. JF - FEMS MICROBIOL. REV. AU - Brockman, F J AU - Murray, C J A2 - Bachofen, R Y1 - 1997/07// PY - 1997 DA - Jul 1997 SP - 17 EP - 247 KW - subsurfaces KW - geochemistry KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Terrestrial environments KW - Reviews KW - Microbiology KW - Hydrology KW - Geology KW - Soil microorganisms KW - J 02901:Soil and plants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17363772?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Bacteriology+Abstracts+%28Microbiology+B%29&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Brockman%2C+F+J%3BMurray%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Brockman&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1997-07-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=231&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Subsurface+microbiological+heterogeneity%3A+current+knowledge%2C+descriptive+approaches+and+applications&rft.title=Subsurface+microbiological+heterogeneity%3A+current+knowledge%2C+descriptive+approaches+and+applications&rft.issn=01686445&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Lithoautotrophy in the subsurface AN - 17363348; 4580324 AB - If microorganisms can carry out primary production within the Earth's crust, then the biosphere might not be totally dependent on surface-based photosynthesis. Potential chemical energy from purely geochemical sources within the earth can support growth of a number of known microorganisms, chiefly strict anaerobes, such as methanogens, homoacetogens, and sulfate-reducers. (Chemo)lithoautotrophic microorganisms have been detected in sedimentary systems, but they have not been shown to carry out primary production in situ, at least not without some dependence on surface-based photosynthesis. Microbial communities within igneous rock formations might, of necessity, be based on in situ primary production. Evidence has emerged for the presence of microorganism in basalt below the sea floor, but data on in situ activity are not yet in hand. Microbial communities have been observed, within continental flood basalts and granitic plutons, which appear to be based on in situ primary production by anaerobic bacteria. Geochemical measurements have confirmed that in situ activity is lithoautotrophic. This evidence for subsurface lithoautotrophic microbial ecosystems, which are not dependent on surface organisms, may have profound implications for life on the early Earth, and on other planets, including Mars. JF - FEMS MICROBIOL. REV. AU - Stevens, T A2 - Bachofen, R Y1 - 1997/07// PY - 1997 DA - Jul 1997 SP - 11 EP - 337 KW - subsurfaces KW - geochemistry KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Photosynthesis KW - Reviews KW - Geology KW - Autotrophy KW - Soil microorganisms KW - J 02901:Soil and plants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17363348?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Bacteriology+Abstracts+%28Microbiology+B%29&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Stevens%2C+T&rft.aulast=Stevens&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1997-07-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=327&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Lithoautotrophy+in+the+subsurface&rft.title=Lithoautotrophy+in+the+subsurface&rft.issn=01686445&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Performance evaluation of a field-scale surface barrier AN - 52280201; 2001-007312 JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Ward, A L AU - Gee, G W Y1 - 1997/06// PY - 1997 DA - June 1997 SP - 694 EP - 705 PB - American Society of Agronomy, [and] Crop Science Society of America, [and] Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 26 IS - 3 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - United States KW - slopes KW - waste disposal sites KW - environmental analysis KW - irrigation KW - waste management KW - sediments KW - water content KW - disposal barriers KW - water KW - soils KW - Washington KW - soil profiles KW - asphalt KW - clastic sediments KW - drainage KW - Hanford Site KW - silt KW - water balance KW - bitumens KW - loam KW - precipitation KW - industrial waste KW - waste disposal KW - permeability KW - design KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52280201?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Performance+evaluation+of+a+field-scale+surface+barrier&rft.au=Ward%2C+A+L%3BGee%2C+G+W&rft.aulast=Ward&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1997-06-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=694&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://jeq.scijournals.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JEVQAA N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - asphalt; bitumens; clastic sediments; design; disposal barriers; drainage; environmental analysis; Hanford Site; industrial waste; irrigation; loam; permeability; precipitation; sediments; silt; slopes; soil profiles; soils; United States; Washington; waste disposal; waste disposal sites; waste management; water; water balance; water content ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reactive transport science; mechanistic process modeling and engineering analysis AN - 50462445; 2009-034717 JF - SIAM Conference on Mathematical and Computational Issues in the Geosciences AU - Yabusaki, Steve AU - Chilakapati, Ashok AU - Dawson, Clint N Y1 - 1997/06// PY - 1997 DA - June 1997 SP - 53 PB - Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, [varies] VL - 4 KW - experimental studies KW - engineering properties KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - mechanism KW - coupling KW - mathematical models KW - remediation KW - models KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - decontamination KW - reactive transport KW - mobility KW - design KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50462445?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SIAM+Conference+on+Mathematical+and+Computational+Issues+in+the+Geosciences&rft.atitle=Reactive+transport+science%3B+mechanistic+process+modeling+and+engineering+analysis&rft.au=Yabusaki%2C+Steve%3BChilakapati%2C+Ashok%3BDawson%2C+Clint+N&rft.aulast=Yabusaki&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft.date=1997-06-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=&rft.spage=53&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SIAM+Conference+on+Mathematical+and+Computational+Issues+in+the+Geosciences&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.siam.org/meetings/archives.php LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth SIAM conference on Mathematical and computational issues in the geosciences N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #06853 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical reactions; coupling; decontamination; design; engineering properties; experimental studies; mathematical models; mechanism; mobility; models; pollutants; pollution; reactive transport; remediation; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Status of Fall Chinook Salmon Populations in the Mid-Columbia River, 1948-1992 AN - 879481970; 11705163 AB - Historically, fall Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha spawned in the main-stem Columbia River over a distance of approximately 900 km. However, because of hydroelectric development and other human activities, most natural production of upriver stocks of fall Chinook salmon (upriver bright, URB) is now restricted to a 90-km-long section of river known as the Hanford Reach. The adjacent Hanford Nuclear Reservation was managed for production of nuclear materials from 1943 to 1971, which restricted many development activities, including additional hydroelectric projects. Aerial counts of fall Chinook salmon redds since 1948 at the Hanford Reach provide an index of relative abundance among spawning areas and years. Redd counts during peak spawning were less than 1,000 annually from 1948 to 1961, but they increased to as high as 8,800 in 1989 following construction of several main-stem dams on both the Columbia and Snake rivers. Escapement of adult fall Chinook salmon to the Hanford Reach averaged about 25,000 fish annually from 1964 to 1982 and then increased to a peak estimate of 89,000 spawning adults in 1987. Returns of URB fall Chinook salmon declined to about 48,000 adults per year from 1988 to 1992. The Snake River stock of URB fall Chinook salmon has declined steadily since 1960; consequently, the stock was listed as endangered under the U.S. Endangered Species Act in 1994. The relative contribution of URB stocks to all fall Chinook salmon runs in the Columbia River increased from about 2490 of the total in the early 1980s to 50-60% of the total by 1988. The relative contribution of URB stocks to the commercial, tribal, and sport fisheries also has shown a major increase since 1980. A number of factors affect the production potential of fall Chinook salmon in the Hanford Reach. Over the last 40 years, water releases at upstream storage dams have increased discharge variability during spawning, incubation, and hatching. Hatchery production has supplemented natural production since the early 1960s and may have been partially responsible for increased numbers of returning adults in recent years. Juvenile and adult passage at hydroelectric dams, harvest management practices, and ocean conditions also affect the number of fish returning to upriver production areas, including the Hanford Reach. JF - North American Journal of Fisheries Management AU - Dauble, D D AU - Watson, D G AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Post Office Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, USA Y1 - 1997/05// PY - 1997 DA - May 1997 SP - 283 EP - 300 PB - American Fisheries Society, 5410 Grosvenor Ln. Bethesda MD 20814-2199 USA VL - 17 IS - 2 SN - 0275-5947, 0275-5947 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/879481970?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=North+American+Journal+of+Fisheries+Management&rft.atitle=Status+of+Fall+Chinook+Salmon+Populations+in+the+Mid-Columbia+River%2C+1948-1992&rft.au=Dauble%2C+D+D%3BWatson%2C+D+G&rft.aulast=Dauble&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1997-05-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=283&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=North+American+Journal+of+Fisheries+Management&rft.issn=02755947&rft_id=info:doi/10.1577%2F1548-8675%281997%290172.3.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-21 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/1548-8675(1997)017<0283:SOFCSP>2.3.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hanford seismic network AN - 52604834; 1998-035959 AB - This report describes the Hanford seismic network. The network consists of two instrument arrays: seismometers and strong motion accelerometers. The seismometers determine the location and magnitude of earthquakes, and the strong motion accelerometers determine ground motion. Together these instruments arrays comply with the intent of DOE Order 5480.20, Natural Phenomena Hazards Mitigation. JF - PNNL. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory AU - Reidel, S P AU - Hartshorn, D C Y1 - 1997/05// PY - 1997 DA - May 1997 SP - 15 PB - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA KW - United States KW - Washington KW - geologic hazards KW - magnitude KW - accelerometers KW - Hanford Site KW - seismographs KW - mitigation KW - earthquake prediction KW - ground motion KW - seismic networks KW - earthquakes KW - instruments KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52604834?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Reidel%2C+S+P%3BHartshorn%2C+D+C&rft.aulast=Reidel&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1997-05-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Hanford+seismic+network&rft.title=Hanford+seismic+network&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from NTIS database, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - WA N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04694 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accelerometers; earthquake prediction; earthquakes; geologic hazards; ground motion; Hanford Site; instruments; magnitude; mitigation; seismic networks; seismographs; United States; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Treatment studies of plutonium-bearing INEEL waste surrogates in a bench-scale arc furnace AN - 52541957; 1999-000229 AB - Since 1989, the Subsurface Disposal Area (SDA) at the Idaho National Environmental and Engineering Laboratory (INEEL) has been included on the National Priority List for remediation. Arc- and plasma-heated furnaces are being considered for converting the radioactive mixed waste buried in the SDA to a stabilized-vitreous form. Nonradioactive, surrogate SDA wastes have been melted during tests in these types of furnaces, but data are needed on the behavior of transuranic (TRU) constituents, primarily plutonium, during thermal treatment. To begin collecting this data, plutonium-spiked SDA surrogates were processed in a bench-scale arc furnace to quantify the fate of the plutonium and other hazardous and nonhazardous metals. Test conditions included elevating the organic, lead, chloride, and sodium contents of the surrogates. Blends having higher organic contents caused furnace power levels to fluctuate. An organic content corresponding to 50% INEEL soil in a soil-waste blend was the highest achievable before power fluctuations made operating conditions unacceptable. The glass, metal, and off-gas solids produced from each surrogate blend tested were analyzed for elemental (including plutonium) content and the partitioning of each element to the corresponding phase was calculated. JF - PNNL. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory AU - Freeman, C J Y1 - 1997/05// PY - 1997 DA - May 1997 SP - 39 PB - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA KW - United States KW - soils KW - Idaho KW - Superfund KW - pollutants KW - plutonium KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - remediation KW - radioactive waste KW - INEEL KW - partitioning KW - organic compounds KW - metals KW - vitrification KW - nuclear facilities KW - waste disposal KW - geochemistry KW - actinides KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52541957?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Freeman%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Freeman&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1997-05-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Treatment+studies+of+plutonium-bearing+INEEL+waste+surrogates+in+a+bench-scale+arc+furnace&rft.title=Treatment+studies+of+plutonium-bearing+INEEL+waste+surrogates+in+a+bench-scale+arc+furnace&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from NTIS database, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - WA N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04694 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; geochemistry; Idaho; INEEL; metals; nuclear facilities; organic compounds; partitioning; plutonium; pollutants; pollution; radioactive waste; remediation; soil treatment; soils; Superfund; United States; vitrification; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Zero-valent iron colloid emplacement in sand columns AN - 52214670; 2001-050024 JF - Journal of Environmental Engineering AU - Cantrell, K J AU - Kaplan, D I Y1 - 1997/05// PY - 1997 DA - May 1997 SP - 499 EP - 505 PB - American Society of Civil Engineers, Environmental Engineering Division, New York, NY VL - 123 IS - 5 SN - 0733-9372, 0733-9372 KW - degradation KW - techniques KW - suspended materials KW - fluid dynamics KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - chemical reactions KW - filtration KW - water treatment KW - sediments KW - valency KW - pump-and-treat KW - disposal barriers KW - sand KW - concentration KW - experimental studies KW - colloidal materials KW - in situ KW - clastic sediments KW - injection KW - dehalogenation KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - migration of elements KW - adsorption KW - aquifers KW - zero-valent iron KW - shallow aquifers KW - waste disposal KW - pesticides KW - permeability KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52214670?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=Zero-valent+iron+colloid+emplacement+in+sand+columns&rft.au=Cantrell%2C+K+J%3BKaplan%2C+D+I&rft.aulast=Cantrell&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1997-05-01&rft.volume=123&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=499&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.issn=07339372&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 34 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JOEEDU N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; aquifers; chemical reactions; clastic sediments; colloidal materials; concentration; degradation; dehalogenation; disposal barriers; experimental studies; filtration; fluid dynamics; ground water; in situ; injection; migration of elements; permeability; pesticides; pollution; porous materials; pump-and-treat; remediation; sand; sediments; shallow aquifers; suspended materials; techniques; valency; waste disposal; water treatment; zero-valent iron ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Aquifer hydraulic properties from analysis of sinusoidal water level response to daily river stage fluctuations at the Hanford Site, Washington AN - 52699311; 1997-049090 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Thorne, Paul D AU - Spane, Frank A, Jr AU - McMahon, William J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1997/04// PY - 1997 DA - April 1997 SP - 69 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 29 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - wells KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - water storage KW - slug tests KW - Washington KW - Columbia River KW - rivers and streams KW - Hanford Site KW - Grant County Washington KW - Franklin County Washington KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - fluctuations KW - transmissivity KW - levels KW - hydrodynamics KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - Benton County Washington KW - water wells KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52699311?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Aquifer+hydraulic+properties+from+analysis+of+sinusoidal+water+level+response+to+daily+river+stage+fluctuations+at+the+Hanford+Site%2C+Washington&rft.au=Thorne%2C+Paul+D%3BSpane%2C+Frank+A%2C+Jr%3BMcMahon%2C+William+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Thorne&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=1997-04-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=69&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, Cordilleran Section, 93rd annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; Benton County Washington; Columbia River; fluctuations; Franklin County Washington; Grant County Washington; ground water; Hanford Site; hydraulic conductivity; hydrodynamics; hydrology; levels; rivers and streams; slug tests; transmissivity; United States; Washington; water storage; water wells; wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Constraints on emplacement duration for Columbia River Basalt Group flows AN - 52697420; 1997-048946 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Ho, Anita M AU - Cashman, Katharine V AU - Reidel, Stephen P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1997/04// PY - 1997 DA - April 1997 SP - 19 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 29 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - vesicular texture KW - United States KW - flood basalts KW - heat flux KW - geologic thermometry KW - volcanic rocks KW - lava flows KW - textures KW - igneous rocks KW - flow mechanism KW - Columbia River Basalt Group KW - thermal history KW - Miocene KW - emplacement KW - Cenozoic KW - Tertiary KW - lava KW - Neogene KW - basalts KW - cooling KW - Columbia Plateau KW - Ginkgo Basalt KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52697420?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Constraints+on+emplacement+duration+for+Columbia+River+Basalt+Group+flows&rft.au=Ho%2C+Anita+M%3BCashman%2C+Katharine+V%3BReidel%2C+Stephen+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ho&rft.aufirst=Anita&rft.date=1997-04-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=19&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, Cordilleran Section, 93rd annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - basalts; Cenozoic; Columbia Plateau; Columbia River Basalt Group; cooling; emplacement; flood basalts; flow mechanism; geologic thermometry; Ginkgo Basalt; heat flux; igneous rocks; lava; lava flows; Miocene; Neogene; Tertiary; textures; thermal history; United States; vesicular texture; volcanic rocks ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multimedia benchmarking analysis for three risk assessment models; RESRAD, MMSOILS, and MEPAS AN - 52690650; 1997-059010 JF - Risk Analysis AU - Mills, William B AU - Cheng, J J AU - Droppo, James G, Jr AU - Faillace, Ernest R AU - Gnanapragasam, Emmanuel K AU - Johns, Robert A AU - Laniak, Gerard F AU - Lew, Christine S AU - Strenge, Dennis L AU - Sutherland, Jonna F AU - Whelan, Gene AU - Yu, Charley Y1 - 1997/04// PY - 1997 DA - April 1997 SP - 187 EP - 201 PB - Society for Risk Analysis, New York-London VL - 17 IS - 2 SN - 0272-4332, 0272-4332 KW - soils KW - isotopes KW - pollutants KW - landfills KW - surface water KW - unsaturated zone KW - RESRAD KW - MMSOILS KW - models KW - saturated zone KW - radioactive isotopes KW - metals KW - risk assessment KW - uranium KW - U-238 KW - actinides KW - MEPAS KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52690650?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+Analysis&rft.atitle=Multimedia+benchmarking+analysis+for+three+risk+assessment+models%3B+RESRAD%2C+MMSOILS%2C+and+MEPAS&rft.au=Mills%2C+William+B%3BCheng%2C+J+J%3BDroppo%2C+James+G%2C+Jr%3BFaillace%2C+Ernest+R%3BGnanapragasam%2C+Emmanuel+K%3BJohns%2C+Robert+A%3BLaniak%2C+Gerard+F%3BLew%2C+Christine+S%3BStrenge%2C+Dennis+L%3BSutherland%2C+Jonna+F%3BWhelan%2C+Gene%3BYu%2C+Charley&rft.aulast=Mills&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=1997-04-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=187&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+Analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 9 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - RIANDF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; isotopes; landfills; MEPAS; metals; MMSOILS; models; pollutants; radioactive isotopes; RESRAD; risk assessment; saturated zone; soils; surface water; U-238; unsaturated zone; uranium ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An overview of a multimedia benchmarking analysis for three risk assessment models; RESRAD, MMSOILS, and MEPAS AN - 52689829; 1997-059011 JF - Risk Analysis AU - Laniak, Gerard F AU - Droppo, James G AU - Faillace, Ernest R AU - Gnanapragasam, Emmanuel K AU - Mills, William B AU - Strenge, Dennis L AU - Whelan, Gene AU - Yu, Charley Y1 - 1997/04// PY - 1997 DA - April 1997 SP - 203 EP - 214 PB - Society for Risk Analysis, New York-London VL - 17 IS - 2 SN - 0272-4332, 0272-4332 KW - soils KW - isotopes KW - pollutants KW - moisture KW - regulations KW - bench marks KW - surface water KW - government agencies KW - unsaturated zone KW - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - pollution KW - RESRAD KW - MMSOILS KW - evapotranspiration KW - irrigation KW - models KW - radioactive isotopes KW - risk assessment KW - MEPAS KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52689829?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+Analysis&rft.atitle=An+overview+of+a+multimedia+benchmarking+analysis+for+three+risk+assessment+models%3B+RESRAD%2C+MMSOILS%2C+and+MEPAS&rft.au=Laniak%2C+Gerard+F%3BDroppo%2C+James+G%3BFaillace%2C+Ernest+R%3BGnanapragasam%2C+Emmanuel+K%3BMills%2C+William+B%3BStrenge%2C+Dennis+L%3BWhelan%2C+Gene%3BYu%2C+Charley&rft.aulast=Laniak&rft.aufirst=Gerard&rft.date=1997-04-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=203&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+Analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - Document feature - 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - RIANDF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bench marks; evapotranspiration; government agencies; irrigation; isotopes; MEPAS; MMSOILS; models; moisture; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; regulations; RESRAD; risk assessment; soils; surface water; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mineralogical and physicochemical differences between mobile and nonmobile colloidal phases in reconstructed pedons AN - 52638755; 1998-020984 JF - Soil Science Society of America Journal AU - Kaplan, Daniel I AU - Bertsch, Paul M AU - Adriano, Domy C Y1 - 1997/04// PY - 1997 DA - April 1997 SP - 641 EP - 649 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 61 IS - 2 SN - 0361-5995, 0361-5995 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - sorption KW - iron oxides KW - silica minerals KW - Ultisols KW - ground water KW - mineral composition KW - transport KW - carbon KW - oxides KW - framework silicates KW - organic carbon KW - gibbsite KW - Southeastern U.S. KW - geochemistry KW - soils KW - colloidal materials KW - chemical dispersion KW - physicochemical properties KW - pollution KW - Eastern U.S. KW - kaolinite KW - clay minerals KW - aquifers KW - quartz KW - sheet silicates KW - vermiculite KW - mobilization KW - mixed-layer minerals KW - SEM data KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52638755?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.atitle=Mineralogical+and+physicochemical+differences+between+mobile+and+nonmobile+colloidal+phases+in+reconstructed+pedons&rft.au=Kaplan%2C+Daniel+I%3BBertsch%2C+Paul+M%3BAdriano%2C+Domy+C&rft.aulast=Kaplan&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=1997-04-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=641&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.issn=03615995&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 39 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - SSSJD4 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; carbon; chemical dispersion; clay minerals; colloidal materials; Eastern U.S.; framework silicates; geochemistry; gibbsite; ground water; iron oxides; kaolinite; mineral composition; mixed-layer minerals; mobilization; organic carbon; oxides; physicochemical properties; pollution; quartz; SEM data; sheet silicates; silica minerals; silicates; soils; sorption; Southeastern U.S.; transport; Ultisols; United States; vermiculite ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An analytical solution technique for one-dimensional, steady vertical water flow in layered soils AN - 50172683; 1997-064874 AB - An analytical solution technique was developed for one-dimensional, steady vertical water flow in variably saturated, layered soils with arbitrary hydraulic properties. The solution technique is based on the exact integral solution for the Gardner exponential hydraulic conductivity function. The exact solution is extended for use with arbitrary hydraulic property functions, or measured K(h) data, by approximating ln K(h) with piecewise-linear curve segments and integrating analytically, segment by segment. The resulting analytical solution technique is accurate, computationally efficient, and applicable to unsaturated and/or saturated conditions. Several application examples are presented, including a comparison with earlier experimental results. Copyright 1997 by the American Geophysical Union. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Rockhold, Mark L AU - Simmons, Carver S AU - Fayer, Michael J Y1 - 1997/04// PY - 1997 DA - April 1997 SP - 897 EP - 902 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 33 IS - 4 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - soils KW - numerical models KW - steady flow KW - one-dimensional models KW - unsaturated zone KW - fluid dynamics KW - layered materials KW - ground water KW - saturated zone KW - hydrodynamics KW - applications KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50172683?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=An+analytical+solution+technique+for+one-dimensional%2C+steady+vertical+water+flow+in+layered+soils&rft.au=Rockhold%2C+Mark+L%3BSimmons%2C+Carver+S%3BFayer%2C+Michael+J&rft.aulast=Rockhold&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=1997-04-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=897&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F96WR03746 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; fluid dynamics; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; hydrodynamics; layered materials; numerical models; one-dimensional models; saturated zone; soils; steady flow; unsaturated zone DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/96WR03746 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lung cancer response following inhaled radon in the A/J and C57BL/6J mouse. AN - 78961374; 9134020 AB - A/J and C57BL/6J mice, strains which differ in susceptibility to chemical-induced lung tumours, were examined for differential sensitivity to radon-induced lung cancer. Sixty weeks after exposure to 952 WLM radon (3.34 J h1 m-3), no lung tumours were found in the control, sham- (one dust-) exposed, or radon-exposed C57BL/6J mice. In contrast, each of the A/J groups had a substantial number of tumours. Although there were no differences in overall lung tumour incidence or multiplicity associated with radon and ore dust exposure in A/J mice, distinct differences in tumour size and histopathological appearance were noted. The ratio of lung adenoma-to-carcinoma found in control A/J mice was 10:1, whereas the ratio in one dust-exposed animals was 10:8 and that in radon-exposed animals was 8:6. Based on these data, particulates appear to modify the promotion-progression of lung cancer in this strain. In addition, the appearance of two very large carcinomas histologically resembling Clara-cell-derived tumours only in the radon-exposed A/J mice and the possibility of alpha-particle-induced killing of target cells in the radon-exposed animals suggests that A/J but not the C57BL/6J, mice may have genes that modify susceptibility to radon-induced lung cancer. JF - International journal of radiation biology AU - Groch, K M AU - Khan, M A AU - Brooks, A L AU - Saffer, J D AD - Molecular Biosciences Department, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA. Y1 - 1997/03// PY - 1997 DA - March 1997 SP - 301 EP - 308 VL - 71 IS - 3 SN - 0955-3002, 0955-3002 KW - Dust KW - 0 KW - Uranium KW - 4OC371KSTK KW - Radon KW - Q74S4N8N1G KW - Index Medicus KW - Space life sciences KW - Mice, Inbred A KW - Animals KW - Micronucleus Tests KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Alpha Particles KW - Mice KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced -- etiology KW - Lung Neoplasms -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78961374?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+journal+of+radiation+biology&rft.atitle=Lung+cancer+response+following+inhaled+radon+in+the+A%2FJ+and+C57BL%2F6J+mouse.&rft.au=Groch%2C+K+M%3BKhan%2C+M+A%3BBrooks%2C+A+L%3BSaffer%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Groch&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1997-03-01&rft.volume=71&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=301&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+journal+of+radiation+biology&rft.issn=09553002&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-05-21 N1 - Date created - 1997-05-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Purification and characterization of 2,6-dichloro-p-hydroquinone chlorohydrolase from Flavobacterium sp. strain ATCC 39723. AN - 78854693; 9045808 AB - The biochemistry of pentachlorophenol (PCP) degradation by Flavobacterium sp. strain ATCC 39723 has been studied, and two enzymes responsible for the conversion of PCP to 2,6-dichloro-p-hydroquinone (2,6-DiCH) have previously been purified and characterized. In this study, enzymatic activities consuming 2,6-DiCH were identified from the cell extracts of strain ATCC 39723. The enzyme was purified to apparent homogeneity by a purification scheme consisting of seven steps. Gel filtration chromatography showed a native molecular weight of about 40,000, and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed a single protein of 42,500 Da. The purified enzyme converted 2,6-DiCH to 6-chlorohydroxyquinol (6-chloro-1,2,4-trihydroxybenzene), which was easily oxidized by molecular oxygen and hard to detect. The end product, 6-chlorohydroxyquinol, was detected only in the presence of a reductase and NADH in the reaction mixture. The enzyme dechlorinated 2,6-DiCH but not 2,5-DiCH. The enzyme required Fe2+ for activity and was severely inhibited by metal chelating agents. The optimal conditions for activity were pH 7.0 and 40 degrees C. The Kcat for 2,6-DiCH was 35 microM, and the kcat was 0.011 s-1. JF - Journal of bacteriology AU - Lee, J Y AU - Xun, L AD - Environmental Microbiology Group, Battelle Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Washington State University, Tri-Cities, Richland 99352, USA. Y1 - 1997/03// PY - 1997 DA - March 1997 SP - 1521 EP - 1524 VL - 179 IS - 5 SN - 0021-9193, 0021-9193 KW - 6-chlorohydroxyquinol KW - 0 KW - Hydroquinones KW - 2,6-dichloro-4-hydroquinone KW - 20103-10-0 KW - Hydrolases KW - EC 3.- KW - 2,6-dichloro-4-hydroquinone chlorohydrolase KW - EC 3.8.1.- KW - Index Medicus KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration KW - Temperature KW - Enzyme Induction KW - Biodegradation, Environmental KW - Molecular Weight KW - Flavobacterium -- enzymology KW - Hydroquinones -- metabolism KW - Hydrolases -- metabolism KW - Hydrolases -- isolation & purification KW - Hydrolases -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78854693?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+bacteriology&rft.atitle=Purification+and+characterization+of+2%2C6-dichloro-p-hydroquinone+chlorohydrolase+from+Flavobacterium+sp.+strain+ATCC+39723.&rft.au=Lee%2C+J+Y%3BXun%2C+L&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1997-03-01&rft.volume=179&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1521&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+bacteriology&rft.issn=00219193&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-03-25 N1 - Date created - 1997-03-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Bacteriol. 1991 Jul;173(14):4447-53 [2066340] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1991 May 15;176(3):1106-11 [2039495] J Bacteriol. 1992 May;174(9):2898-902 [1569020] Appl Environ Microbiol. 1992 Apr;58(4):1276-83 [1599247] FEMS Microbiol Rev. 1992 Sep;9(1):29-71 [1389314] Biol Chem Hoppe Seyler. 1992 Oct;373(10):1001-7 [1418673] J Bacteriol. 1992 Dec;174(24):8003-7 [1459949] J Bacteriol. 1995 Jan;177(1):229-34 [7798136] Appl Environ Microbiol. 1995 Apr;61(4):1279-89 [7538273] J Bacteriol. 1996 May;178(9):2645-9 [8626333] J Bacteriol. 1996 Aug;178(16):4894-900 [8759853] Nature. 1970 Aug 15;227(5259):680-5 [5432063] Anal Biochem. 1976 May 7;72:248-54 [942051] Appl Environ Microbiol. 1982 Dec;44(6):1421-7 [7159084] Appl Environ Microbiol. 1985 Dec;50(6):1512-8 [4091568] J Bacteriol. 1987 Nov;169(11):5125-30 [3667526] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1991 Jan 15;174(1):43-8 [1989618] Appl Environ Microbiol. 1991 Jul;57(7):1920-8 [1892382] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ambient air sampling for tritium--determination of breakthrough volumes and collection efficiencies for silica gel adsorbent. AN - 78834815; 9030841 AB - Ambient air samples for tritium (as HTO) can be collected using the solid adsorbent silica gel. The purpose of this study was to determine the maximum practical sampling volume and overall collection efficiency for water vapor collected on silica gel columns and to demonstrate the use of an impinger-based system to load water vapor onto silica gel columns. Breakthrough volumes (Vb) were measured and chromatographic efficiencies (expressed as the number of theoretical plates, N) were calculated for a 20 degrees C to 50 degrees C temperature range, with the relative humidity at approximately 30%. The tests yielded relative breakthrough volumes (air volume/adsorbent depth, m3 cm(-1)) of 0.36 for 20 degrees C, 0.20 for 30 degrees C, 0.15 for 40 degrees C, and 0.077 for 50 degrees C. For 18-cm columns, the average tritium tracer recoveries at 20 degrees C were 71% with no observed breakthrough for air volumes up to 5 m3, while at 40 degrees C mean tritium tracer recoveries dropped from 75% for volumes < or = 3.0 m3, to 0% for a volume of 5.0 m3. Frontal chromatographic profiles were measured for water vapor migrating through silica gel columns that were divided into 5 segments. The chromatographic efficiency of the silica gel columns was determined by graphical evaluation of the chromatography profiles. At a sampling rate of 0.25 L min(-1) and 30% relative humidity, the number of theoretical plates per adsorbent depth were 0.55 N cm(-1) at 20 degrees C, 0.68 N cm(-1) at 30 degrees C, 0.51 N cm(-1) at 40 degrees C, and 0.30 N cm(-1) at 50 degrees C. Chromatographic theory was used to estimate the overall collection efficiency of the silica gel columns as a function of the ratio of the sampling volume to breakthrough volume and the chromatographic efficiency. For a 9.5 m3 sample volume, 30% relative humidity, 0.25 L min(-1) sampling rate, and a 54-cm column, the overall collection efficiency was above 99.9% at 20 degrees C, above 95% at 30 degrees C, just below 80% at 40 degrees C, and <<80% at 50 degrees C. JF - Health physics AU - Patton, G W AU - Cooper, A T AU - Tinker, M R AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA. Y1 - 1997/03// PY - 1997 DA - March 1997 SP - 397 EP - 407 VL - 72 IS - 3 SN - 0017-9078, 0017-9078 KW - Air Pollutants, Radioactive KW - 0 KW - Gels KW - Water KW - 059QF0KO0R KW - Tritium KW - 10028-17-8 KW - Silicon Dioxide KW - 7631-86-9 KW - Index Medicus KW - Water -- analysis KW - Adsorption KW - Radiation Monitoring -- methods KW - Air Pollutants, Radioactive -- analysis KW - Tritium -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78834815?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+physics&rft.atitle=Ambient+air+sampling+for+tritium--determination+of+breakthrough+volumes+and+collection+efficiencies+for+silica+gel+adsorbent.&rft.au=Patton%2C+G+W%3BCooper%2C+A+T%3BTinker%2C+M+R&rft.aulast=Patton&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1997-03-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=397&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+physics&rft.issn=00179078&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-03-13 N1 - Date created - 1997-03-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Confined subsurface microbial communities in Cretaceous rock AN - 52749648; 1997-026443 AB - Evidence is presented of spatially discrete microbial communities in Cretaceous rocks of the Mancos and Dakota formations, Cerro Negro, New Mexico, USA. The results indicate the main energy source was organic material trapped in shales. The microorganisms presumably fermented organic matter with sulphate reduction and acetogenesis. JF - Nature (London) AU - Krumholz, Lee R AU - McKinley, James P AU - Ulrich, Glenn A AU - Suflita, Joseph M Y1 - 1997/03// PY - 1997 DA - March 1997 SP - 64 EP - 66 PB - Macmillan Journals, London VL - 386 IS - 6620 SN - 0028-0836, 0028-0836 KW - United States KW - thallophytes KW - communities KW - Cretaceous KW - biomass KW - New Mexico KW - subterranean environment KW - paleoecology KW - acetogenesis KW - carbon KW - fermentation KW - reduction KW - organic carbon KW - organic materials KW - Plantae KW - sulfate ion KW - Mancos Shale KW - biochemistry KW - Mesozoic KW - organic compounds KW - Cerro Negro KW - bacteria KW - Dakota Formation KW - energy KW - microorganisms KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 09:Paleobotany UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52749648?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+%28London%29&rft.atitle=Confined+subsurface+microbial+communities+in+Cretaceous+rock&rft.au=Krumholz%2C+Lee+R%3BMcKinley%2C+James+P%3BUlrich%2C+Glenn+A%3BSuflita%2C+Joseph+M&rft.aulast=Krumholz&rft.aufirst=Lee&rft.date=1997-03-01&rft.volume=386&rft.issue=6620&rft.spage=64&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+%28London%29&rft.issn=00280836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2F386064a0 L2 - http://www.nature.com/nature/index.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - NATUAS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acetogenesis; bacteria; biochemistry; biomass; carbon; Cerro Negro; communities; Cretaceous; Dakota Formation; energy; fermentation; Mancos Shale; Mesozoic; microorganisms; New Mexico; organic carbon; organic compounds; organic materials; paleoecology; Plantae; reduction; subterranean environment; sulfate ion; thallophytes; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/386064a0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - GPS measurements of present-day convergence across the Nepal Himalaya AN - 52740985; 1997-026442 AB - Geodetic data are reported using the global positioning system of the rate of contraction across the Himalaya which is 17.52 + or - 2 mm/yr. From the deformation field the rate of slip of India beneath Tibet is estimated as 20.5 + or - 2 mm/yr. Strain sufficient to drive great Himalayan earthquakes with slip similar to that accompanying the 8.1 magnitude 1934 Bihar/Nepal earthquake, may be extant in W Nepal. JF - Nature (London) AU - Bilham, Roger AU - Larson, Kristine M AU - Freymueller, Jeffrey T AU - Jouanne, F AU - Le Fort, P AU - Leturmy, P AU - Mugnier, J L AU - Gamond, J F AU - Glot, J P AU - Martinod, J AU - Chaudury, N L AU - Chitrakar, G R AU - Gautam, U P AU - Koirala, B P AU - Pandey, M R AU - Ranabhat, R AU - Sapkota, S N AU - Shrestha, P L AU - Thakuri, M C AU - Timilsina, U R AU - Tiwari, D R AU - Vidal, G AU - Vigny, C AU - Galy, A AU - de Voogd, B Y1 - 1997/03// PY - 1997 DA - March 1997 SP - 61 EP - 64 PB - Macmillan Journals, London VL - 386 IS - 6620 SN - 0028-0836, 0028-0836 KW - Global Positioning System KW - strain KW - uplifts KW - slip rates KW - geodesy KW - displacements KW - deformation KW - plate convergence KW - Nepal KW - plate rotation KW - plate tectonics KW - Indian Peninsula KW - Himalayas KW - Asia KW - earthquakes KW - 18:Solid-earth geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52740985?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+%28London%29&rft.atitle=GPS+measurements+of+present-day+convergence+across+the+Nepal+Himalaya&rft.au=Bilham%2C+Roger%3BLarson%2C+Kristine+M%3BFreymueller%2C+Jeffrey+T%3BJouanne%2C+F%3BLe+Fort%2C+P%3BLeturmy%2C+P%3BMugnier%2C+J+L%3BGamond%2C+J+F%3BGlot%2C+J+P%3BMartinod%2C+J%3BChaudury%2C+N+L%3BChitrakar%2C+G+R%3BGautam%2C+U+P%3BKoirala%2C+B+P%3BPandey%2C+M+R%3BRanabhat%2C+R%3BSapkota%2C+S+N%3BShrestha%2C+P+L%3BThakuri%2C+M+C%3BTimilsina%2C+U+R%3BTiwari%2C+D+R%3BVidal%2C+G%3BVigny%2C+C%3BGaly%2C+A%3Bde+Voogd%2C+B&rft.aulast=Bilham&rft.aufirst=Roger&rft.date=1997-03-01&rft.volume=386&rft.issue=6620&rft.spage=61&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+%28London%29&rft.issn=00280836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2F386061a0 L2 - http://www.nature.com/nature/index.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 34 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - NATUAS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; deformation; displacements; earthquakes; geodesy; Global Positioning System; Himalayas; Indian Peninsula; Nepal; plate convergence; plate rotation; plate tectonics; slip rates; strain; uplifts DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/386061a0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biogeochemistry of anaerobic lacustrine and Paleosol sediments within an aerobic unconfined aquifer AN - 52688676; 1997-055799 JF - Geomicrobiology Journal AU - McKinley, J P AU - Stevens, T O AU - Frederickson, J K AU - Zachara, J M AU - Colwell, F S AU - Wagnon, K B AU - Smith, S C AU - Rawson, S A AU - Bjornstad, B N Y1 - 1997/03// PY - 1997 DA - March 1997 SP - 23 EP - 39 PB - Crane, Russak & Co., New York, NY VL - 14 IS - 1 SN - 0149-0451, 0149-0451 KW - United States KW - thallophytes KW - Plantae KW - Washington KW - biochemical sedimentation KW - biochemistry KW - sedimentation KW - Hanford Site KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - aerobic environment KW - biogenic processes KW - bacteria KW - sediments KW - lacustrine environment KW - anaerobic environment KW - paleosols KW - Benton County Washington KW - geochemistry KW - unconfined aquifers KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52688676?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geomicrobiology+Journal&rft.atitle=Biogeochemistry+of+anaerobic+lacustrine+and+Paleosol+sediments+within+an+aerobic+unconfined+aquifer&rft.au=McKinley%2C+J+P%3BStevens%2C+T+O%3BFrederickson%2C+J+K%3BZachara%2C+J+M%3BColwell%2C+F+S%3BWagnon%2C+K+B%3BSmith%2C+S+C%3BRawson%2C+S+A%3BBjornstad%2C+B+N&rft.aulast=McKinley&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1997-03-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=23&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geomicrobiology+Journal&rft.issn=01490451&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 32 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GEJODG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerobic environment; anaerobic environment; aquifers; bacteria; Benton County Washington; biochemical sedimentation; biochemistry; biogenic processes; geochemistry; ground water; Hanford Site; lacustrine environment; paleosols; Plantae; sedimentation; sediments; thallophytes; unconfined aquifers; United States; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Test results of CPT-deployed vertical electrode arrays at the DOE Hanford Site AN - 50910443; 2002-000357 AB - Field studies were conducted at the DOE Hanford Site to test cone penetrometer installation of vertical electrode arrays (VEA) for use with Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT). Most VEA installation methods in current use are not economic for environmental applications. The cone penetrometer technology (CPT) can provide an economic and relatively non-intrusive installation method. However, a VEA with deployable and properly functioning electrodes was required. Results of the design, installation and testing of CPT VEAs are reported in this paper. Several designs were developed and bench tested for use with the CPT. After initial field installation studies, one design was chosen for further testing at the DOE Hanford Site. Four VEAs were each pushed to 100 feet in 4 days. To test the CPT VEAs, an infiltration experiment was conducted with cross VEA tomographic data collected for three vertical planes. These data were processed using the electrical resistivity tomography code developed by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). Tomographic images for each vertical plane tracked the subsurface resistivity changes associated with the migrating fluid. It is concluded from these test results that the CPT is a viable method for installing VEAs. The VEAs were rapidly and economically installed to the maximum depth required, data of adequate quality were obtained and tomographic images from the infiltration experiment verified that the CPT VEAs provide viable ERT data. JF - Proceedings of SAGEEP AU - Narbutovskih, S M AU - Daily, William D AU - Morey, R M AU - Bell, Ronald S Y1 - 1997/03// PY - 1997 DA - March 1997 SP - 21 EP - 31 PB - Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, Wheat Ridge, CO VL - 1997 KW - United States KW - experimental studies KW - Washington KW - penetration tests KW - geophysical surveys KW - cone penetration tests KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - Hanford Site KW - resistivity KW - radioactive waste KW - waste management KW - surveys KW - waste disposal KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50910443?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.atitle=Test+results+of+CPT-deployed+vertical+electrode+arrays+at+the+DOE+Hanford+Site&rft.au=Narbutovskih%2C+S+M%3BDaily%2C+William+D%3BMorey%2C+R+M%3BBell%2C+Ronald+S&rft.aulast=Narbutovskih&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1997-03-01&rft.volume=1997&rft.issue=&rft.spage=21&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.issn=1554-8015&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://scitation.aip.org/sageep/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium on the Application of geophysics to engineering and environmental problems; SAGEEP'97 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cone penetration tests; electrical methods; experimental studies; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; Hanford Site; penetration tests; radioactive waste; resistivity; surveys; United States; Washington; waste disposal; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - PMFCT-2D; a transport simulator for various grid Peclet numbers AN - 52750202; 1997-020238 JF - Ground Water AU - Aimo, N J AU - Oostrom, M Y1 - 1997/02// PY - 1997 DA - February 1997 SP - 30 EP - 38 PB - National Water Well Association, Ground-Water Technology Division, Urbana, IL VL - 35 IS - 1 SN - 0017-467X, 0017-467X KW - solute transport KW - computer programs KW - PMFCT-2D KW - dispersivity KW - mathematical methods KW - porous materials KW - algorithms KW - heterogeneity KW - permeability KW - Peclet number KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52750202?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water&rft.atitle=PMFCT-2D%3B+a+transport+simulator+for+various+grid+Peclet+numbers&rft.au=Aimo%2C+N+J%3BOostrom%2C+M&rft.aulast=Aimo&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1997-02-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=30&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water&rft.issn=0017467X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6584 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - PubXState - IL N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - CODEN - GRWAAP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; computer programs; dispersivity; heterogeneity; mathematical methods; Peclet number; permeability; PMFCT-2D; porous materials; solute transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A transient flux model for convective infiltration; forward and inverse solutions AN - 742913671; 2010-046068 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Ginn, Timothy R AU - Murphy, Ellyn M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 243 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 78 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - numerical models KW - vertical orientation KW - atmosphere KW - inverse problem KW - direct problem KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - convection KW - evapotranspiration KW - transient phenomena KW - mass balance KW - infiltration KW - tracers KW - hydrodynamics KW - rain KW - pore water KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/742913671?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=A+transient+flux+model+for+convective+infiltration%3B+forward+and+inverse+solutions&rft.au=Ginn%2C+Timothy+R%3BMurphy%2C+Ellyn+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ginn&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=243&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 1997 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmosphere; atmospheric precipitation; convection; direct problem; evapotranspiration; hydrodynamics; infiltration; inverse problem; mass balance; numerical models; pore water; rain; tracers; transient phenomena; vertical orientation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lead adsorption at the calcite-water interface; synchrotron X-ray standing wave and X-ray reflectivity studies AN - 52736543; 1997-026264 AB - X-ray standing wave (XSW) measurements are combined with X-ray reflectivity results to determine the specific position of Pb ions at the calcite-water interface. XSW measurements are used to triangulate the location of the Pb ions and confirm that they occupy Ca sites in the calcite lattice. In situ X-ray reflectivity measurements indicate that the Pb ions occur mainly in the surface layer of calcite rather than above or below that surface. Quantitative morphological data from atomic force microscopy is used to test models used in calculating the X-ray reflectivity intensities. These specialized X-ray techniques are briefly described. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Sturchio, Neil C AU - Chiarello, Ronald P AU - Cheng, Likwan AU - Lyman, Paul F AU - Bedzyk, Michael J AU - Qian, Yonglin AU - You, Hoydoo AU - Yee, Dennis AU - Geissbuhler, Phillip AU - Sorensen, Larry B AU - Liang, Yong AU - Baer, Donald R Y1 - 1997/01// PY - 1997 DA - January 1997 SP - 251 EP - 263 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 61 IS - 2 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - water KW - experimental studies KW - unit cell KW - mineral-water interface KW - lead KW - crystal structure KW - aqueous solutions KW - adsorption KW - ions KW - X-ray spectra KW - calcite KW - synchrotron radiation KW - chemical reactions KW - metals KW - spectra KW - crystal chemistry KW - geochemistry KW - carbonates KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52736543?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Lead+adsorption+at+the+calcite-water+interface%3B+synchrotron+X-ray+standing+wave+and+X-ray+reflectivity+studies&rft.au=Sturchio%2C+Neil+C%3BChiarello%2C+Ronald+P%3BCheng%2C+Likwan%3BLyman%2C+Paul+F%3BBedzyk%2C+Michael+J%3BQian%2C+Yonglin%3BYou%2C+Hoydoo%3BYee%2C+Dennis%3BGeissbuhler%2C+Phillip%3BSorensen%2C+Larry+B%3BLiang%2C+Yong%3BBaer%2C+Donald+R&rft.aulast=Sturchio&rft.aufirst=Neil&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=251&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2896%2900326-2 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 60 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; aqueous solutions; calcite; carbonates; chemical reactions; crystal chemistry; crystal structure; experimental studies; geochemistry; ions; lead; metals; mineral-water interface; spectra; synchrotron radiation; unit cell; water; X-ray spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(96)00326-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fine-scale chemical and isotopic heterogeneity in deep groundwaters near Cerro Negro, New Mexico; relation to lithology and microbial activity AN - 52578771; 1998-051731 AB - As part of the DOE Subsurface Science Program's study of microbial origins in the deep subsurface, cores and groundwaters were collected from the Cretaceous Dakota sandstone and Mancos shale near Cerro Negro, NM. To examine the impact of lithology and microbial activity on groundwater chemistry, we deployed a multi-level sampler between the depths of 183 to 204 m and performed chemical and isotopic analyses at a resolution of 30 cm. Groundwaters are Na-HCO3 waters with pH ranging from 7.7 to 8.6 and total dissolved solids ranging from 1050 to 1470 mg/L. Water chemistry correlates with lithology as indicated by electric logs and core samples. Shale aquitards above and below the Cubero sandstone member contain waters with high Na and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) contents. Additionally, DIC from shale aquitards have homogeneously low 13C compositions (mostly -7 to -6 per mil). Conversely, near the upper and lower shale-Cubero sandstone contacts, (super 13) C contents of waters in the sandstone systematically increase to maxima of >-4.5 per mil in the middle of the Cubero. Thus, lithology exerts local control on groundwater chemistry. Microbiological evidence from Cerro Negro suggests that fermentation products diffusing from shales enhance sulfate reduction at sand-shale contacts (Krumholz et al., 1997, Nature 386:64). A small 13C minimum at the upper shale-Cubero contact, presumably caused by respired carbon, coincides with an interval of enhanced sulfate reduction activity. This interval also exhibits unusually high dissolved sulfide contents and downward-decreasing sulfate contents. Thus, fine-scale sampling of groundwaters reveals chemical and isotopic gradients associated with lithologic and microbiologic variation. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Grossman, Ethan L AU - McKinley, James P AU - Onstott, T C AU - Tobin, K J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 153 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 29 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - isotopes KW - Cretaceous KW - sandstone KW - New Mexico KW - stable isotopes KW - cores KW - variations KW - ground water KW - sedimentary rocks KW - carbon KW - reduction KW - heterogeneity KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - well logs KW - shale KW - alkali metals KW - sodium KW - samplers KW - aquitards KW - hydrochemistry KW - Mesozoic KW - Cerro Negro KW - dissolved materials KW - metals KW - Dakota Formation KW - C-13 KW - clastic rocks KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52578771?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Fine-scale+chemical+and+isotopic+heterogeneity+in+deep+groundwaters+near+Cerro+Negro%2C+New+Mexico%3B+relation+to+lithology+and+microbial+activity&rft.au=Grossman%2C+Ethan+L%3BMcKinley%2C+James+P%3BOnstott%2C+T+C%3BTobin%2C+K+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Grossman&rft.aufirst=Ethan&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=153&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1997 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; aquitards; C-13; carbon; Cerro Negro; clastic rocks; cores; Cretaceous; Dakota Formation; dissolved materials; geochemistry; ground water; heterogeneity; hydrochemistry; isotopes; Mesozoic; metals; New Mexico; pH; reduction; samplers; sandstone; sedimentary rocks; shale; sodium; stable isotopes; United States; variations; well logs ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular statics calculations of proton binding to goethite surfaces; development of thermodynamic models AN - 52577139; 1998-051529 AB - Molecular statics calculations of proton binding at the hydroxylated faces of goethite are used to guide the development of a thermodynamic model which describes the surface charging properties of goethite in electrolyte solutions. The molecular statics calculations combined with a linear free energy relation between the energies of the hydroxylated surface and the aqueous solvated surface predict that the acidity constants for most singly (aqua or hydroxo), doubly (mu -hydroxo) and triply (mu 3-hydroxo or mu 3-oxo) coordinated surface sites are dependent on the coordination environment and hydrogen bonding at the different sites. The final thermodynamic model which binds protons to the goethite 110 and 021 faces satisfactorily describes the surface charging behavior of goethite over a range of pH values, NaNO3, and NaCl concentrations. Inclusion of minor species of quite different charging behavior (designed to describe the possible presence of defect species) did not improve our predictions of surface charge since the protonation of the major surface sites changed when these minor species were introduced into the calculations thereby negating the effect of small amounts of defect species on the overall charging behavior. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Felmy, Andrew R AU - Rustad, James R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 310 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 29 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - models KW - goethite KW - oxides KW - electrolytes KW - properties KW - adsorption KW - thermodynamic properties KW - protons KW - pH KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52577139?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Molecular+statics+calculations+of+proton+binding+to+goethite+surfaces%3B+development+of+thermodynamic+models&rft.au=Felmy%2C+Andrew+R%3BRustad%2C+James+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Felmy&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=310&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1997 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; electrolytes; goethite; models; oxides; pH; properties; protons; thermodynamic properties ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Surface structure and chemistry of calcite AN - 52576553; 1998-055914 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - LaFemina, John P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 310 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 29 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - high-resolution methods KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - crystal structure KW - aqueous solutions KW - solution KW - defects KW - calcite KW - models KW - controls KW - atomic force microscopy data KW - crystal chemistry KW - kinetics KW - carbonates KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52576553?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Surface+structure+and+chemistry+of+calcite&rft.au=LaFemina%2C+John+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=LaFemina&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=310&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1997 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aqueous solutions; atomic force microscopy data; calcite; carbonates; controls; crystal chemistry; crystal structure; defects; high-resolution methods; kinetics; models; Monte Carlo analysis; solution; statistical analysis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potential effects of microbial heterogeneity on bioremediation in subsurface sediments AN - 52567233; 1998-057447 AB - Previous field studies at two locations have quantified the spatial heterogeneity in the distribution of microbial activity in subsurface sediments, and its relationship to the geological and geochemical heterogeneity of the sediments. One site consists of horizontally-bedded lacustrine sand and silt beds that have very different microbiological and physical properties. The silt beds have low permeability but contain the vast majority of active microorganisms in the section, while the interbedded high-permeability sand layers are nearly barren of microbial metabolic potential. The second field site contains interfingering horizontally-bedded and trough cross-bedded sand deposited in the nearshore marine environment. The structure of the marginal marine sediments is not as well-defined as it is in the lacustrine sediments, and the contrasts between the microbiological and geological properties of the horizontally- and cross-bedded sands are not as strong. Geostatistical methods were used to generate numerical realizations of the distribution of microbiological, geological, and geochemical properties at the two sites, based on the results of the field studies. The numerical realizations of the site properties were input to a reactive flow and transport simulator to determine the potential effects of the combined microbiological and geological heterogeneity on aerobic degradation of trichloroethylene (TCE) and phenol at the two sites. The degradation results for the heterogeneous distributions were compared with the amount of degradation occurring when the microbiological distributions were assumed to be homogeneous. Preliminary results indicate that not explicitly accounting for microbiological heterogeneity could result in a significant overestimation of the mass of TCE and phenol degraded at the lacustrine site, but not at the marginal marine site. This suggests that detailed and expensive characterization of microbiological heterogeneity will not be necessary for successful predictive modeling of bioremediation at all sites. Determining the necessity for extensive microbiological characterization at a particular site will depend on preliminary evaluation of the microbiological heterogeneity and its relationship to geological and geochemical properties. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Murray, Chris AU - Streile, Gary AU - Chilakapati, Ashok AU - Brockman, Fred AU - Scheibe, Tim AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 149 EP - 150 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 29 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - degradation KW - characterization KW - remediation KW - quantitative analysis KW - sediments KW - chemical properties KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - depositional environment KW - heterogeneity KW - sedimentary structures KW - cross-bedding KW - sand KW - clastic sediments KW - pollutants KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - silt KW - geostatistics KW - effects KW - nearshore environment KW - bioremediation KW - planar bedding structures KW - physical properties KW - organic compounds KW - marine environment KW - lacustrine environment KW - trichloroethylene KW - permeability KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52567233?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Potential+effects+of+microbial+heterogeneity+on+bioremediation+in+subsurface+sediments&rft.au=Murray%2C+Chris%3BStreile%2C+Gary%3BChilakapati%2C+Ashok%3BBrockman%2C+Fred%3BScheibe%2C+Tim%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Murray&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=149&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1997 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bioremediation; characterization; chemical properties; chlorinated hydrocarbons; clastic sediments; cross-bedding; degradation; depositional environment; effects; geostatistics; halogenated hydrocarbons; heterogeneity; lacustrine environment; marine environment; microorganisms; nearshore environment; organic compounds; permeability; physical properties; planar bedding structures; pollutants; pollution; quantitative analysis; remediation; sand; sedimentary structures; sediments; silt; statistical analysis; trichloroethylene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Centimeter-scale variability in recharge compositions preserved over km-scale transport AN - 52564846; 1998-057333 AB - The uppermost 17m of a deep aquifer beneath a semi-arid surface environment (Hanford Site, south-central Washington) were sampled at a vertical resolution of 15cm. The water table was 100m deep; the nearest area of recharge was several km distant in the adjacent Rattlesnake Hills uplands. A fine sandy stringer at 103m within aquifer gravels separated distinct compositional zones. The upper zone had high DOC (20 mg/L) and low DIC (5 mg/L). In addition, the upper zone was divided into two compositionally distinct segments, with the profile's highest solute concentrations in the top 500cm, and very low overall concentrations below, down to the sandy stringer. The lower zone was marked by low DOC (<2 mg/L) and high DIC (25 mg/L), and by solute concentrations which increased relatively smoothly with depth; some trace metals, e.g., Pb, showed localized "spikes" in concentration. (The region of low ionic strength in the upper zone was thus sandwiched between regions of higher IS). Oxygen isotope compositions contrasted with those of other components. Compositions were constant at delta (super 18) O = -18 per mil below the stringer; above the stringer, delta (super 18) O varied smoothly upward, from -18 to -12 per mil. This range was consistent with that of meteoric waters sampled seasonally and over topographic variations of ca. 300m in the recharge area. Compositional variation beneath the stringer resulted from interaction with enclosing sediments of waters leaked from underlying confined aquifers. Variation above the stringer could not be due to mixing, because of the distinct IS segments, but was instead due to segregation of meteoric recharge water at the point of infiltration and lack of mixing along the flowpath. Fine-scale measurements indicate that distinct recharge elements can remain unmixed over significant distances along flowpaths. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - McKinley, James P AU - Ronen, Daniel AU - Long, Philip E AU - Resch, Charles T AU - Hoover, James D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 134 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 29 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - terrestrial environment KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - semi-arid environment KW - stable isotopes KW - variations KW - ground water KW - topography KW - transport KW - sampling KW - mixing KW - carbon KW - movement KW - organic carbon KW - heterogeneity KW - geochemistry KW - Washington KW - isotope ratios KW - confined aquifers KW - solutes KW - Hanford Site KW - O-18/O-16 KW - south-central Washington KW - Rattlesnake Hills KW - aquifers KW - water table KW - recharge KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52564846?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Centimeter-scale+variability+in+recharge+compositions+preserved+over+km-scale+transport&rft.au=McKinley%2C+James+P%3BRonen%2C+Daniel%3BLong%2C+Philip+E%3BResch%2C+Charles+T%3BHoover%2C+James+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=McKinley&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=134&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1997 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; carbon; confined aquifers; geochemistry; ground water; Hanford Site; heterogeneity; isotope ratios; isotopes; mixing; movement; O-18/O-16; organic carbon; oxygen; Rattlesnake Hills; recharge; sampling; semi-arid environment; solutes; south-central Washington; stable isotopes; terrestrial environment; topography; transport; United States; variations; Washington; water table ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination and use of groundwater background chemistry in the Pasco Basin, south-central Washington AN - 52530468; 1999-003281 AB - Natural background groundwater composition in the Pasco Basin of south-central Washington State has been investigated, using a conceptual model which relates background concentrations throughout the basin. This groundwater is under the U.S. Department of Energy's Hanford Site, which is currently undergoing extensive environmental remediation. The background chemistry for 71 analytes was determined from analytical data obtained from over 45 groundwater wells. These wells were selected after a careful screening processes designed to avoid contaminated groundwater and to spatially represent the upper aquifer. Existing data were used and new data collected for the purpose of defining background in this area. The data represent the range of groundwater background compositions in the Pasco Basin. The groundwater in this basin can be considered as one system, sharing common recharge sources and aquifer materials. Evaluation of the data shows that several health-based regulatory limits prescribed by Washington State environmental cleanup regulations are exceeded in natural groundwater. This is important in groundwater remediation because most or all environmental regulations recognize background as the default cleanup limit if calculated or tabulated cleanup values fall below background. For example, the cleanup limit for arsenic in groundwater is more than two orders of magnitude below background levels at the 90th percentile. Determination of background composition of groundwater and soil is an important component of environmental characterization activities and serves as a basis for distinguishing the presence and significance of contamination. Background data can also be used to assess the levels of baseline risk to which humans or other receptors are typically exposed and to establish remediation goals. Evaluating background on a sitewide basis (i.e., the scale of the Pasco Basin) provides a consistent, technically defensible definition of background as opposed to determining area-specific background compositions for each waste management unit being considered for remediation. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Petersen, Scott W AU - Hoover, J D AU - McKinley, J P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 435 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 29 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - Washington KW - regulations KW - background level KW - water management KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - south-central Washington KW - hydrochemistry KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - models KW - recharge KW - Pasco Basin KW - water wells KW - geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52530468?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Determination+and+use+of+groundwater+background+chemistry+in+the+Pasco+Basin%2C+south-central+Washington&rft.au=Petersen%2C+Scott+W%3BHoover%2C+J+D%3BMcKinley%2C+J+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Petersen&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=435&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1997 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; background level; geochemistry; ground water; Hanford Site; hydrochemistry; models; Pasco Basin; pollution; recharge; regulations; remediation; south-central Washington; United States; Washington; water management; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular dynamics study of proton binding to silica surfaces AN - 52527760; 1999-005265 AB - Molecular statics calculations on gas-phase and solvated clusters, and gas-phase and solvated slabs representing aqueous species and surfaces were applied to investigate acid/base reactions on silica surfaces. Our gas-phase approach, which was previously applied to goethite, predicts a surface pKa of 8.5 for the reaction >SiOH-->>SiO- + H+, which is in good agreement with estimates based on potentiometric titration. However, the model gives an unrealistically large pKa for the reaction >SiOH2+ --> >SiOH + H+. The model dependence of this result was checked by using two different types of interaction potentials, one based on quantum mechanical calculations on H4SiO4 clusters, and another empirical model fitted to the structure and elastic properties of alpha-quartz. Because these models gave similar results, we hypothesize that the failure of the gas phase models is due to intrinsic solvation effects not accounted for by our previously developed correlations. We tested this idea by carrying out energy minimization calculations on gas-phase clusters with one hydration shell, as well as molecular dynamics simulations on fully-solvated H5SiO4+, and a fully solvated (0001) surface of beta-quartz. Though we are unable to establish a quantitative measure of the pKa of SiOH2 groups, the solvated systems do indicate that SiOH groups do not protonate in any of our solvated models. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Rustad, James R AU - Wasserman, Evgeny AU - Felmy, Andrew R AU - Wilke, Chandra AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 310 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 29 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - silicates KW - silica minerals KW - elastic properties KW - bonding KW - simulation KW - chemical reactions KW - quantitative analysis KW - silica KW - interfaces KW - quartz KW - framework silicates KW - pH KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52527760?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Molecular+dynamics+study+of+proton+binding+to+silica+surfaces&rft.au=Rustad%2C+James+R%3BWasserman%2C+Evgeny%3BFelmy%2C+Andrew+R%3BWilke%2C+Chandra%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Rustad&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=310&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1997 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bonding; chemical reactions; elastic properties; framework silicates; interfaces; pH; quantitative analysis; quartz; silica; silica minerals; silicates; simulation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reductive solubilization of trace components from iron oxides by metal reducing bacteria AN - 52514827; 1999-009692 AB - Dissimilatory metal reducing bacteria (DMRB) can utilize iron (III) and manganese (IV) oxides as terminal electron acceptors in their respiratory cycle, thereby regulating the biogeochemical cycling of Fe and Mn. Fe(III) and Mn (IV) oxides are important solid phase oxidants in geologic systems and are strong sorbents of cationic and anionic metals. Sorption occurs by a combination of surface complexation and co-precipitation reactions that enrich the solid phase oxides in, and deplete the surrounding pore waters of trace metal components. We report here on experiments to assess whether structurally incorporated trace metals in goethite can be solubilized by (DMRB) and the aqueous and surface chemical conditions that control solubilization extent. Batch and stirred flow reactor experiments were performed under anoxic conditions over time periods ranging from 1-30+ days with a facultative DMRB isolated from groundwater (S. putrefaciens, strain CN-32), goethite synthesized with 1% Co2+ (both as 57Co and 59Co), bicarbonate and pipes buffers at pH = 7, lactate as the carbon and electron source, anthraquinone disulfonate as a stimulating electron shuttle, and in the presence and absence of growth promoting nutrients (PO4 and trace minerals). Aqueous, total acid soluble (2.5 M HCl), and exchangeable (25% acetic acid with NH2OHHCL and Na-acetate at pH = 4.5) Co2+ and Fe2+ were measured over time, as were pH, acetate, inorganic C, PO4, and selected trace minerals. The reduced Co-containing solids were interrogated by SEM and HRTEM to identify chemical-morphologic phase associations, and the aqueous chemical data was modeled with a geochemical speciation code to identify potential precipitated solids. Collectively, the results were consistent with a model were: i.) Co2+ is solubilized according to its mole fraction, ii.) solubilized Co2+ and Fe2+ compete for surface complexation sites at low to medium extent of reduction, and iii.) surface precipitation of Fe2+ and Co2+ occurs at higher degrees of reduction dependent on the chemical composition of the buffer and the PO4 concentration. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Zachara, John M AU - Fredrickson, James K AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 55 EP - 56 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 29 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - sorption KW - iron oxides KW - goethite KW - buffers KW - complexing KW - TEM data KW - iron KW - ground water KW - ferric iron KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - manganese oxides KW - oxides KW - anaerobic environment KW - solubilization KW - chemical composition KW - SEM data KW - pH KW - chemical fractionation KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52514827?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Reductive+solubilization+of+trace+components+from+iron+oxides+by+metal+reducing+bacteria&rft.au=Zachara%2C+John+M%3BFredrickson%2C+James+K%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zachara&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=55&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1997 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anaerobic environment; bacteria; buffers; chemical composition; chemical fractionation; complexing; ferric iron; goethite; ground water; iron; iron oxides; manganese oxides; metals; oxides; pH; precipitation; SEM data; solubilization; sorption; TEM data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Model intercomparison study of coupled, density-dependent, groundwater flow and transport related to the formation and fate of a dense contaminant plume around Lake Karachai, Urals AN - 52511490; 1999-009624 AB - A joint Russian and U.S. study is underway to quantify the hydrogeology of the Mayak Site, located near the town of Kyshtym in the southern Urals. Nuclear fuel cycle activities at the Mayak Site resulted in the contamination of soils and groundwater with chemical and radioactive wastes. Approximately 4 million cubic meters of high density liquid wastes ( approximately 60 g/L TDS) were discharged to lake Karachai from 1951 to 1991. A model intercomparison study was initiated to permit the project teams to investigate the importance of various phenomenon controlling contaminant migration from the discharge to the lake and the appropriateness and adequacy of the models being used. Test problems were defined by the Russian team based on their experience in the development of numerical models of groundwater flow and transport of the site. The finite difference code GEON was developed by the Russian team and the finite element code CFEST was modified for use in the study by the U.S. team. The test problems are along a 11.25 km, 2-D cross section through the lake and a river with 30 zones of hydraulic properties for the soils and fractured metamorphic rocks at the site. The test problems investigated the formation of the plume over 44 years from discharge into the lake and the fate of the plume for an additional 56 years after discharge ceased and the lake backfilled. The simulations contained temporal variations in the lake elevation, lake concentration, river elevation, pumping wells, and both spatial and sinusoidal temporal variations in infiltration and potential evapotranspiration. Overall there is good agreement between the results of both models in the predicted water tables, fluid and solute fluxes, and in the extent and shape of the simulated contaminant plumes. Features shown by both models include the sinking of the plume below the lake, the raising of the water table in the fresh water adjacent to the lake in response to the increased pressure from the dense plume, and the formation of a second sinking plume in an area where evapotranspiration exceeded infiltration thus increasing the solute concentrations above the source (i.e., lake) values. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Williams, Mark D AU - Cole, Charles R AU - Zinina, Galina A AU - Zinin, Alexander I (Aleksandr I) AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 75 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 29 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - density KW - contaminant plumes KW - finite difference analysis KW - pumping KW - international cooperation KW - Russian Federation KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - controls KW - Commonwealth of Independent States KW - Kyshtym Russian Federation KW - transport KW - quantitative analysis KW - movement KW - GEON KW - discharge KW - Lake Karachai KW - Urals KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - pressure KW - numerical models KW - pollutants KW - statistical analysis KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - evapotranspiration KW - Mayak Site KW - liquid waste KW - infiltration KW - waste disposal KW - water wells KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52511490?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Model+intercomparison+study+of+coupled%2C+density-dependent%2C+groundwater+flow+and+transport+related+to+the+formation+and+fate+of+a+dense+contaminant+plume+around+Lake+Karachai%2C+Urals&rft.au=Williams%2C+Mark+D%3BCole%2C+Charles+R%3BZinina%2C+Galina+A%3BZinin%2C+Alexander+I+%28Aleksandr+I%29%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=75&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1997 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Commonwealth of Independent States; contaminant plumes; controls; density; discharge; evapotranspiration; finite difference analysis; GEON; ground water; hydrology; infiltration; international cooperation; Kyshtym Russian Federation; Lake Karachai; liquid waste; Mayak Site; movement; numerical models; pollutants; pollution; pressure; pumping; quantitative analysis; Russian Federation; simulation; soils; solutes; statistical analysis; transport; Urals; waste disposal; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of reaction rates for the reduction of Fe(III) to Fe(II) by dithionite and subsequent oxidation of Fe(II) to Fe(III) by dissolved oxygen from column experiments AN - 52509453; 1999-009635 AB - An innovative groundwater remediation technology, In Situ Redox Manipulation, is being developed to treat redox sensitive contamination by altering the redox potential of an aquifer through the reduction of Fe(III) to Fe(II) in aquifer sediments using sodium dithionite. Previous bench, intermediate-scale, and field experiments identified and quantified the major reactions important in this process. These reactions include dithionite reduction of Fe(III), dithionite disporportionation, and Fe(II) oxidation by dissolved oxygen. Currently, more controlled column experiments are being conducted permitting a more detailed analysis for the determination of the redox reaction rates and the amount of available/accessible Fe(III) in sediments from selected sites. Sediment packed columns are subjected to multiple reduction and oxidation cycles. During reduction, a solution of 0.06 M dithionite with a potassium carbonate pH buffer flows through the columns at Darcy fluxes less than 5 cm/hr. During oxidation, oxygen saturated water flows through the columns at Darcy fluxes up to 25 cm/hr. To determine reaction rates, a 1-D numerical reactive transport model was developed for fitting model results to experimental data. In the reduction of Fe(III), dithionite breakthrough curves exhibit behavior consistent with a single reduction reaction. In these experiments, 90% of the accessible iron is reduced within 4 pore volumes. In the oxidation of Fe(II), dissolved oxygen breakthrough curves exhibit behavior that can not be fitted using a single oxidation reaction. To achieve a best fit, the Fe(II) was divided into two fractions with differing kinetic rates representing differences in accessibility of the iron in the sediments to oxidation (e.g., more accessible sorbed iron and iron oxide coatings on the grains and less accessible iron within the clay minerals). Experimental and modeling results indicate 50 to 100 pore volumes of oxygen saturated water are required to oxidize approximately 70% of the reduced iron in these sediments. Reaction rates determined in this study will be incorporated into more complex groundwater flow and reactive transport models to aid in the design of field experiments as part of a CERCLA Treatability Study for Cr(VI) contamination in groundwater at the Hanford Site, WA. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Wilson, Cindy L AU - Williams, Mark D AU - Szecsody, James E AU - Cole, Charles R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 154 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 29 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - technology KW - oxygen KW - buffers KW - iron KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - ferric iron KW - chemical reactions KW - reduction KW - kinetics KW - pH KW - Eh KW - chromium KW - experimental studies KW - Washington KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - oxidation KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - ferrous iron KW - aquifers KW - models KW - dissolved materials KW - metals KW - field studies KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52509453?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Determination+of+reaction+rates+for+the+reduction+of+Fe%28III%29+to+Fe%28II%29+by+dithionite+and+subsequent+oxidation+of+Fe%28II%29+to+Fe%28III%29+by+dissolved+oxygen+from+column+experiments&rft.au=Wilson%2C+Cindy+L%3BWilliams%2C+Mark+D%3BSzecsody%2C+James+E%3BCole%2C+Charles+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=Cindy&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=154&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1997 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; buffers; chemical reactions; chromium; dissolved materials; Eh; experimental studies; ferric iron; ferrous iron; field studies; ground water; Hanford Site; in situ; iron; kinetics; metals; models; oxidation; oxygen; pH; pollutants; pollution; reduction; remediation; technology; United States; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of direct dehalogenating bacteria for in situ containment of chlorinated solvent DNAPL AN - 52329886; 2000-057015 JF - Bioremediation AU - Peyton, Brent M AU - Gao, Jianwei AU - Skeen, Rodney S AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 49 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 3 KW - soils KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - degradation KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - effluents KW - dehalogenation KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - tetrachloroethylene KW - dense nonaqueous phase liquids KW - remediation KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - organic compounds KW - solvents KW - transport KW - bacteria KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52329886?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Use+of+direct+dehalogenating+bacteria+for+in+situ+containment+of+chlorinated+solvent+DNAPL&rft.au=Peyton%2C+Brent+M%3BGao%2C+Jianwei%3BSkeen%2C+Rodney+S%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Peyton&rft.aufirst=Brent&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=49&rft.isbn=1574770284&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; chlorinated hydrocarbons; degradation; dehalogenation; dense nonaqueous phase liquids; effluents; halogenated hydrocarbons; in situ; nonaqueous phase liquids; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; porous materials; remediation; soils; solvents; tetrachloroethylene; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Field test results for in situ bioremediation of carbon tetrachloride AN - 52328750; 2000-057003 JF - Bioremediation AU - Truex, Michael J AU - Hooker, Brian S AU - Skeen, Rodney S AU - Peyton, Brent M AU - Johnson, C D AU - Anderson, D B AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 9 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 3 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - in situ KW - contaminant plumes KW - injection KW - dehalogenation KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - carbon tetrachloride KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - denitrification KW - dechlorination KW - bacteria KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - unconfined aquifers KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52328750?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Field+test+results+for+in+situ+bioremediation+of+carbon+tetrachloride&rft.au=Truex%2C+Michael+J%3BHooker%2C+Brian+S%3BSkeen%2C+Rodney+S%3BPeyton%2C+Brent+M%3BJohnson%2C+C+D%3BAnderson%2C+D+B%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Truex&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=9&rft.isbn=1574770284&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; bacteria; bioremediation; carbon tetrachloride; chlorinated hydrocarbons; contaminant plumes; dechlorination; dehalogenation; denitrification; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; in situ; injection; organic compounds; pollution; remediation; unconfined aquifers ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Screening of indigenous potential for complete in situ destruction of tetrachloroethylene AN - 52327344; 2000-057017 JF - Bioremediation AU - Gao, Jianwei AU - Skeen, Rodney S AU - Hooker, Brian S AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 57 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 3 KW - soils KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - biodegradation KW - degradation KW - in situ KW - pollution KW - tetrachloroethylene KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - organic compounds KW - decontamination KW - bacteria KW - sediments KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - anaerobic environment KW - reduction KW - kinetics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52327344?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Screening+of+indigenous+potential+for+complete+in+situ+destruction+of+tetrachloroethylene&rft.au=Gao%2C+Jianwei%3BSkeen%2C+Rodney+S%3BHooker%2C+Brian+S%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Gao&rft.aufirst=Jianwei&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=57&rft.isbn=1574770284&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anaerobic environment; bacteria; biodegradation; bioremediation; chlorinated hydrocarbons; decontamination; degradation; halogenated hydrocarbons; in situ; kinetics; organic compounds; pollution; reduction; remediation; sediments; soils; tetrachloroethylene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial reduction of vitamin B (sub 12) by Shewanella alga strain BrY with subsequent transformation of chlorinated methanes AN - 52327292; 2000-057014 JF - Bioremediation AU - Workman, Darla AU - Woods, Sandra L AU - Gorby, Yuri AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 47 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 3 KW - soils KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - methane KW - degradation KW - oxidation KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - pollution KW - alkanes KW - Shewanella KW - carbon tetrachloride KW - organic compounds KW - bacteria KW - hydrocarbons KW - chemical properties KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - transformations KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52327292?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Microbial+reduction+of+vitamin+B+%28sub+12%29+by+Shewanella+alga+strain+BrY+with+subsequent+transformation+of+chlorinated+methanes&rft.au=Workman%2C+Darla%3BWoods%2C+Sandra+L%3BGorby%2C+Yuri%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Workman&rft.aufirst=Darla&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=47&rft.isbn=1574770284&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; bacteria; carbon tetrachloride; chemical properties; chlorinated hydrocarbons; degradation; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; methane; microorganisms; organic compounds; oxidation; pollution; Shewanella; soils; transformations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biodegradation of mobile radionuclide and metal-EDTA complexes AN - 52326224; 2000-057113 JF - Bioremediation AU - Bolton, Harvey, Jr AU - Girvin, Don C AU - Xun, Luying AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 437 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 3 KW - biodegradation KW - degradation KW - Co-60 KW - cobalt KW - isotopes KW - complexing KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - radioactive isotopes KW - toxicity KW - metals KW - chelation KW - waste disposal KW - mobility KW - heavy metals KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52326224?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Biodegradation+of+mobile+radionuclide+and+metal-EDTA+complexes&rft.au=Bolton%2C+Harvey%2C+Jr%3BGirvin%2C+Don+C%3BXun%2C+Luying%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Bolton&rft.aufirst=Harvey&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=437&rft.isbn=1574770284&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biodegradation; bioremediation; chelation; Co-60; cobalt; complexing; degradation; ground water; heavy metals; isotopes; metals; microorganisms; mobility; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; remediation; toxicity; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling natural attenuation of contaminants in saturated groundwater AN - 52262814; 2001-012833 JF - Bioremediation AU - Clement, T Prabhakar AU - Sun, Yunwei AU - Hooker, Brian S AU - Petersen, James N AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 37 EP - 42 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 1 KW - water quality KW - concentration KW - monitoring KW - three-dimensional models KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - attenuation KW - organic compounds KW - saturation KW - natural attenuation KW - hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52262814?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Modeling+natural+attenuation+of+contaminants+in+saturated+groundwater&rft.au=Clement%2C+T+Prabhakar%3BSun%2C+Yunwei%3BHooker%2C+Brian+S%3BPetersen%2C+James+N%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Clement&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=37&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; attenuation; concentration; ground water; hydrocarbons; monitoring; natural attenuation; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; saturation; three-dimensional models; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sample designs using in situ measurements AN - 52250176; 2001-029514 JF - Bioremediation AU - O'Brien, Robert F AU - Gilbert, Richard O AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 357 EP - 362 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 5 KW - sample preparation KW - monitoring KW - in situ KW - sampling KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - applications KW - equations KW - bioremediation KW - design KW - remediation KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52250176?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Sample+designs+using+in+situ+measurements&rft.au=O%27Brien%2C+Robert+F%3BGilbert%2C+Richard+O%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=O%27Brien&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=357&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international in situ and on-site bioremediation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; bioremediation; design; equations; in situ; monitoring; pollution; remediation; sample preparation; sampling; statistical analysis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prospects for more rapid, economical, and robust biomolecular monitoring AN - 52249754; 2001-029505 JF - Bioremediation AU - Brockman, Fred J AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 317 EP - 318 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 5 KW - technology KW - monitoring KW - landfills KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - organic compounds KW - mass balance KW - hydrocarbons KW - leachate KW - applications KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52249754?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Prospects+for+more+rapid%2C+economical%2C+and+robust+biomolecular+monitoring&rft.au=Brockman%2C+Fred+J%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Brockman&rft.aufirst=Fred&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=317&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international in situ and on-site bioremediation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; bioremediation; hydrocarbons; landfills; leachate; mass balance; monitoring; organic compounds; pollution; remediation; technology; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of halophilic denitrifying bacteria for nitrate removal in high-salt solutions AN - 52249527; 2001-029493 JF - Bioremediation AU - Mormile, Melanie R AU - Peyton, Brent M AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 265 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 5 KW - biodegradation KW - technology KW - Massada Israel KW - pollution KW - Israel KW - bioremediation KW - research KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - denitrification KW - Dead Sea KW - bacteria KW - applications KW - nitrate ion KW - Asia KW - water resources KW - Middle East KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52249527?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Use+of+halophilic+denitrifying+bacteria+for+nitrate+removal+in+high-salt+solutions&rft.au=Mormile%2C+Melanie+R%3BPeyton%2C+Brent+M%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Mormile&rft.aufirst=Melanie&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=265&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international in situ and on-site bioremediation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; Asia; bacteria; biodegradation; bioremediation; Dead Sea; denitrification; ground water; Israel; Massada Israel; Middle East; nitrate ion; pollution; remediation; research; technology; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Statistical issues when comparing a site to background AN - 52249504; 2001-029517 JF - Bioremediation AU - O'Brien, Robert F AU - Gilbert, Richard O AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 367 EP - 372 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 5 KW - organic compounds KW - monitoring KW - in situ KW - statistical analysis KW - hydrocarbons KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52249504?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Statistical+issues+when+comparing+a+site+to+background&rft.au=O%27Brien%2C+Robert+F%3BGilbert%2C+Richard+O%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=O%27Brien&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=367&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international in situ and on-site bioremediation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bioremediation; hydrocarbons; in situ; monitoring; organic compounds; pollution; remediation; statistical analysis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of PCR and classic methods to verify natural attenuation AN - 52247010; 2001-029511 JF - Bioremediation AU - Brockman, Fred J AU - Chandler, Darrell P AU - Li, Shu-mei W AU - Kittel, Jeff AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 345 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 5 KW - soils KW - organic compounds KW - bioslurping KW - sampling KW - jet fuel KW - hydrocarbons KW - pollution KW - applications KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52247010?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Use+of+PCR+and+classic+methods+to+verify+natural+attenuation&rft.au=Brockman%2C+Fred+J%3BChandler%2C+Darrell+P%3BLi%2C+Shu-mei+W%3BKittel%2C+Jeff%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Brockman&rft.aufirst=Fred&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=345&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international in situ and on-site bioremediation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; bioremediation; bioslurping; hydrocarbons; jet fuel; organic compounds; pollution; remediation; sampling; soils ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring rRNA levels during in situ bioremediation using groundwater and biomass collection devices AN - 52245685; 2001-029507 JF - Bioremediation AU - Peyton, Brent M AU - Brockman, Fred J AU - Truex, Michael J AU - Stahl, David A AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 325 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 5 KW - concentration KW - monitoring KW - degradation KW - RNA KW - in situ KW - biomass KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - water resources KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52245685?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Monitoring+rRNA+levels+during+in+situ+bioremediation+using+groundwater+and+biomass+collection+devices&rft.au=Peyton%2C+Brent+M%3BBrockman%2C+Fred+J%3BTruex%2C+Michael+J%3BStahl%2C+David+A%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Peyton&rft.aufirst=Brent&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=325&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international in situ and on-site bioremediation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biomass; bioremediation; concentration; degradation; ground water; in situ; monitoring; pollution; remediation; RNA; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Process scale-up considerations for in situ reductive dechlorination of chloroethenes AN - 52244212; 2001-029556 JF - Bioremediation AU - Gao, Jianwei AU - Skeen, Rodney S AU - Hooker, Brian S AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 561 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 5 KW - vinyl chloride KW - soils KW - processes KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - technology KW - in situ KW - dehalogenation KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - organic compounds KW - dechlorination KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - applications KW - trichloroethylene KW - reduction KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52244212?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Process+scale-up+considerations+for+in+situ+reductive+dechlorination+of+chloroethenes&rft.au=Gao%2C+Jianwei%3BSkeen%2C+Rodney+S%3BHooker%2C+Brian+S%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Gao&rft.aufirst=Jianwei&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=561&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international in situ and on-site bioremediation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; bioremediation; chlorinated hydrocarbons; dechlorination; dehalogenation; halogenated hydrocarbons; in situ; organic compounds; pollution; processes; reduction; remediation; soils; technology; trichloroethylene; vinyl chloride ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carbon-14 in carbon dioxide used to determine the residence time of labile organic carbon in the vadose zone AN - 52242166; 2001-036767 JF - LPI Contribution AU - Bacon, D H AU - Keller, C K Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 12 PB - Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX VL - 921 SN - 0161-5297, 0161-5297 KW - water KW - soils KW - respiration KW - isotope fractionation KW - degradation KW - spatial data KW - isotopes KW - roots KW - global KW - unsaturated zone KW - techniques KW - hydrochemistry KW - carbon dioxide KW - models KW - radioactive isotopes KW - carbon KW - residence time KW - bacteria KW - temporal distribution KW - C-14 KW - organic carbon KW - geochemistry KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52242166?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LPI+Contribution&rft.atitle=Carbon-14+in+carbon+dioxide+used+to+determine+the+residence+time+of+labile+organic+carbon+in+the+vadose+zone&rft.au=Bacon%2C+D+H%3BKeller%2C+C+K&rft.aulast=Bacon&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=921&rft.issue=&rft.spage=12&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LPI+Contribution&rft.issn=01615297&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Seventh annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - LPCODB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; C-14; carbon; carbon dioxide; degradation; geochemistry; global; hydrochemistry; isotope fractionation; isotopes; models; organic carbon; radioactive isotopes; residence time; respiration; roots; soils; spatial data; techniques; temporal distribution; unsaturated zone; water ER - TY - RPRT T1 - West Siberian Basin hydrogeology; site characterization of Mayak, Tomsk-7, and Krasnoyarsk-26 AN - 52162595; 2002-000064 AB - The former Soviet Union has extensive defense-related nuclear production facilities that have released large amounts of hazardous and radioactive waste materials into the air, surface water, and ground water in areas surrounding the production sites. The key sites of concern are Mayak, Tomsk-7, and Krasnoyarsk-26, all located within the West Siberian Basin. The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), in cooperation with the Russian Ministry of Atomic Energy (Minatom), has been conducted contaminant-migration studies of Mayak, Tomsk-7, and Krasnoyarsk-26 in Western Siberia since 1993. The intent of this program is to maximize use of US and Russian site characterization, contaminant transport modeling, and remediation technology for the benefit of DOE and Minatom site-cleanup activities. Site characterization activities conducted during FY 1996 comprised evaluating the existing database, developing methods for synthesizing missing data, and designing an effective means of data and technology transfer. Comparison of the database, most of the contents of which have been acquired remotely with contaminant transport modeling data requirements allowed the authors to evaluate the utility of data acquired remotely for modeling purposes, and to identify gaps in the characterization of Russian waste-disposal sites. Identifying these gaps led to the second activity, which was to develop methods for synthesizing missing data from an evaluation of existing data. The authors tested these methods by evaluating geologic fracturing at the Mayak site. The third activity was the development of an effective procedure for data and technology transfer. The goal was to provide the site characterization database to Russian modelers in such a way that the data were easily transported, viewed, and manipulated for use in their models. This report summarizes the results of the three site characterization activities performed during FY 1996. JF - West Siberian Basin hydrogeology; site characterization of Mayak, Tomsk-7, and Krasnoyarsk-26 AU - Hoover, K A AU - Foley, M G AU - Allen, E A AU - Alexander, L J AU - McKinley, M I Y1 - 1997/01// PY - 1997 DA - January 1997 SP - 71 VL - PNNL-11457 KW - Mayk Facility KW - Tomsk Russian Federation KW - isotopes KW - cartography KW - site exploration KW - data processing KW - pollution KW - international cooperation KW - Russian Federation KW - migration of elements KW - West Siberia KW - radioactive waste KW - Krasnoyarsk Russian Federation KW - fractures KW - Siberia KW - radioactive isotopes KW - Commonwealth of Independent States KW - nuclear facilities KW - information systems KW - waste disposal KW - Asia KW - Siberian Lowland KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52162595?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Hoover%2C+K+A%3BFoley%2C+M+G%3BAllen%2C+E+A%3BAlexander%2C+L+J%3BMcKinley%2C+M+I&rft.aulast=Hoover&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=West+Siberian+Basin+hydrogeology%3B+site+characterization+of+Mayak%2C+Tomsk-7%2C+and+Krasnoyarsk-26&rft.title=West+Siberian+Basin+hydrogeology%3B+site+characterization+of+Mayak%2C+Tomsk-7%2C+and+Krasnoyarsk-26&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from NTIS database, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, (703)605-6000, order number DE97004316NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - SuppNotes - Contract AC06-76RL01830 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of two soil gas methods used during a field investigation AN - 52075826; 2002-063455 JF - Journal of Soil Contamination AU - Liikala, Terry L AU - Evans, John C Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 339 EP - 354 PB - Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, FL VL - 6 IS - 4 SN - 1058-8337, 1058-8337 KW - United States KW - soils KW - pollutants KW - gas chromatograms KW - pollution KW - mass spectra KW - petroleum products KW - environmental analysis KW - ground water KW - organic compounds KW - Alaska KW - spectra KW - soil gases KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52075826?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Soil+Contamination&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+two+soil+gas+methods+used+during+a+field+investigation&rft.au=Liikala%2C+Terry+L%3BEvans%2C+John+C&rft.aulast=Liikala&rft.aufirst=Terry&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=339&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Soil+Contamination&rft.issn=10588337&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Geoline, Bundesanstalt fur Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe, Hanover, Germany N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - PubXState - FL N1 - Document feature - 1 table, geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alaska; environmental analysis; gas chromatograms; ground water; mass spectra; organic compounds; petroleum products; pollutants; pollution; soil gases; soils; spectra; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Have wastes leaked from the 241-SX single-shell tank farm at the Hanford Site reached and degraded groundwater quality? AN - 51658168; 2005-076815 JF - Annual Meeting - Association of Engineering Geologists AU - Caggiano, J A AU - Johnson, V G AU - Peterson, Gary L Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 90 PB - Association of Engineering Geologists, [location varies] VL - 40 SN - 0375-572X, 0375-572X KW - United States KW - water quality KW - leaking underground storage tanks KW - Washington KW - degradation KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - seepage KW - ground water KW - waste management KW - liquid waste KW - water pollution KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51658168?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Meeting+-+Association+of+Engineering+Geologists&rft.atitle=Have+wastes+leaked+from+the+241-SX+single-shell+tank+farm+at+the+Hanford+Site+reached+and+degraded+groundwater+quality%3F&rft.au=Caggiano%2C+J+A%3BJohnson%2C+V+G%3BPeterson%2C+Gary+L&rft.aulast=Caggiano&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=&rft.spage=90&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Meeting+-+Association+of+Engineering+Geologists&rft.issn=0375572X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Association of Engineering Geologists 40th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CAGPAV N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - degradation; ground water; Hanford Site; leaking underground storage tanks; liquid waste; pollution; seepage; United States; Washington; waste management; water pollution; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Efficient separations and processing crosscutting program; develop and test sorbents; Fiscal year 1996 annual progress report, October 1, 1995-September 30, 1996 AN - 50916216; 2000-000189 AB - Ion exchange removal of Cs, Sr, Tc, TRU, etc. has been proposed for minimizing the amount of HLW at Hanford. Purpose of this project is to test sequestering agents and substrates in representative physical/chemical/radiation environments. A small pilot-scale skid system was built. 7 ion exchange materials (CS-100, R-F, SuperLig 644, IE-911, TIE-96, NaTi) were evaluated for pretreatment of actual/simulated Hanford DSSF tank waste. An onsite technology demonstration was done at Hanford 100-N Area N-Springs. A second PADU test demonstrated the 3M web technology for radioactive Cs and Sr decontamination of 105-N-Reactor basin. Other collaborative efforts between PNNL and industry/university participants are reported. JF - PNL (Pacific Northwest Laboratory) AU - Brown, G N Y1 - 1997/01// PY - 1997 DA - January 1997 SP - 120 PB - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA SN - 0270-6458, 0270-6458 KW - United States KW - technetium KW - alkaline earth metals KW - Washington KW - isotopes KW - alkali metals KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - progress report KW - radioactive isotopes KW - cesium KW - metals KW - report KW - ion exchange KW - strontium KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50916216?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Brown%2C+G+N&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Efficient+separations+and+processing+crosscutting+program%3B+develop+and+test+sorbents%3B+Fiscal+year+1996+annual+progress+report%2C+October+1%2C+1995-September+30%2C+1996&rft.title=Efficient+separations+and+processing+crosscutting+program%3B+develop+and+test+sorbents%3B+Fiscal+year+1996+annual+progress+report%2C+October+1%2C+1995-September+30%2C+1996&rft.issn=02706458&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from NTIS database, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, (703)605-6000, order number DE97051515NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - WA N1 - SuppNotes - Contract AC06-76RL01830 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; alkaline earth metals; cesium; ground water; Hanford Site; ion exchange; isotopes; metals; pollution; progress report; radioactive isotopes; remediation; report; strontium; technetium; United States; Washington ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Methods for obtaining deep subsurface microbiological samples by drilling AN - 1765877476; 2016-012903 JF - The microbiology of the terrestrial deep subsurface AU - Griffin, William Timothy AU - Phelps, Tommy J AU - Colwell, Frederick S AU - Frederickson, J K Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 PB - Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, FL SN - 0849383625 KW - water quality KW - concentration KW - colloidal materials KW - monitoring KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - techniques KW - samplers KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - physical properties KW - boreholes KW - sampling KW - decontamination KW - tracers KW - quality control KW - unconsolidated materials KW - drilling KW - chemical composition KW - water wells KW - pore water KW - instruments KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1765877476?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Griffin%2C+William+Timothy%3BPhelps%2C+Tommy+J%3BColwell%2C+Frederick+S%3BFrederickson%2C+J+K&rft.aulast=Griffin&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0849383625&rft.btitle=Methods+for+obtaining+deep+subsurface+microbiological+samples+by+drilling&rft.title=Methods+for+obtaining+deep+subsurface+microbiological+samples+by+drilling&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - PubXState - FL N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Pieces: 4 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-18 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Subsurface microbiology and the evolution of the biosphere AN - 1765877455; 2016-012905 JF - The microbiology of the terrestrial deep subsurface AU - Stevens, Todd O Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 PB - Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, FL SN - 0849383625 KW - terrestrial environment KW - Precambrian KW - asteroids KW - geomicrobiology KW - astrobiology KW - biologic evolution KW - impacts KW - life origin KW - paleoecology KW - geochemical cycle KW - biosphere KW - bacteria KW - Archean KW - microorganisms KW - 08:General paleontology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1765877455?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Stevens%2C+Todd+O&rft.aulast=Stevens&rft.aufirst=Todd&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0849383625&rft.btitle=Subsurface+microbiology+and+the+evolution+of+the+biosphere&rft.title=Subsurface+microbiology+and+the+evolution+of+the+biosphere&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 70 N1 - PubXState - FL N1 - Document feature - 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Pieces: 4 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-18 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Geohydrologic and geochemical characterization AN - 1765877431; 2016-012902 JF - The microbiology of the terrestrial deep subsurface AU - Bjornstad, Bruce N AU - Gullett, Cheryl D AU - Long, Philip E Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 PB - Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, FL SN - 0849383625 KW - fractured materials KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - water quality KW - water hardness KW - characterization KW - unsaturated zone KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - techniques KW - porous materials KW - salinity KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - saturated zone KW - transport KW - anaerobic environment KW - alkalinity KW - unconsolidated materials KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - mobility KW - permeability KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1765877431?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Bjornstad%2C+Bruce+N%3BGullett%2C+Cheryl+D%3BLong%2C+Philip+E&rft.aulast=Bjornstad&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0849383625&rft.btitle=Geohydrologic+and+geochemical+characterization&rft.title=Geohydrologic+and+geochemical+characterization&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 55 N1 - PubXState - FL N1 - Document feature - 2 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Pieces: 4 N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Staged integration of hydrogeological and geophysical characterization data; model validation and the incremental value of information AN - 1645572012; 2015-002854 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Scheibe, Timothy D AU - Ginn, Timothy R AU - Chilakapati, Ashokkumar AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - F319 EP - F320 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 78 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - tomography KW - Virginia KW - ground-penetrating radar KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - crosshole methods KW - statistical analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - characterization KW - radar methods KW - prediction KW - hydrogeology KW - Northampton County Virginia KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - Oyster Virginia KW - boreholes KW - transport KW - data integration KW - tracers KW - reactive transport KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645572012?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Staged+integration+of+hydrogeological+and+geophysical+characterization+data%3B+model+validation+and+the+incremental+value+of+information&rft.au=Scheibe%2C+Timothy+D%3BGinn%2C+Timothy+R%3BChilakapati%2C+Ashokkumar%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Scheibe&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F319&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%292324-9250 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 1997 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-15 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; boreholes; characterization; crosshole methods; data integration; geophysical methods; ground water; ground-penetrating radar; hydrogeology; Monte Carlo analysis; Northampton County Virginia; Oyster Virginia; prediction; radar methods; reactive transport; simulation; statistical analysis; tomography; tracers; transport; United States; Virginia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biologically active contaminant degradation zones in a basalt aquifer AN - 1645571111; 2015-002894 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Colwell, F AU - Smith, R Q AU - Fredrickson, J K AU - McKinley, J P AU - Lehman, R M AU - Delwiche, M AU - McLing, T AU - Kieft, T AU - Smith, R P AU - Bukowski, J AU - Fryar, A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 78 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - Snake River Plain Aquifer KW - fractured materials KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - degradation KW - volcanic rocks KW - contaminant plumes KW - igneous rocks KW - tetrachloroethylene KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - basalts KW - natural attenuation KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Idaho KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - depth KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - biogenic processes KW - boreholes KW - permeability KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645571111?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Biologically+active+contaminant+degradation+zones+in+a+basalt+aquifer&rft.au=Colwell%2C+F%3BSmith%2C+R+Q%3BFredrickson%2C+J+K%3BMcKinley%2C+J+P%3BLehman%2C+R+M%3BDelwiche%2C+M%3BMcLing%2C+T%3BKieft%2C+T%3BSmith%2C+R+P%3BBukowski%2C+J%3BFryar%2C+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Colwell&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F326&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%292324-9250 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 1997 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-15 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; basalts; biogenic processes; bioremediation; boreholes; chlorinated hydrocarbons; contaminant plumes; degradation; depth; fractured materials; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; Idaho; igneous rocks; microorganisms; natural attenuation; organic compounds; permeability; pollution; remediation; Snake River Plain Aquifer; tetrachloroethylene; United States; volcanic rocks ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating heterogeneous multiphase flow parameter distributions form infrared image-characterization of porous media AN - 1645570412; 2015-002874 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Long, Philip E AU - Tuck, David M AU - Iverson, Garry M AU - Pirkle, William A AU - Murray, Christopher J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - F322 EP - F323 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 78 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - pollutants KW - grain size KW - geophysical methods KW - characterization KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - tetrachloroethylene KW - dense nonaqueous phase liquids KW - ground water KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - spatial distribution KW - organic compounds KW - infrared methods KW - multiphase flow KW - sorting KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - heterogeneity KW - permeability KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645570412?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Estimating+heterogeneous+multiphase+flow+parameter+distributions+form+infrared+image-characterization+of+porous+media&rft.au=Long%2C+Philip+E%3BTuck%2C+David+M%3BIverson%2C+Garry+M%3BPirkle%2C+William+A%3BMurray%2C+Christopher+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Long&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F322&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%292324-9250 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 1997 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-15 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - characterization; chlorinated hydrocarbons; dense nonaqueous phase liquids; geophysical methods; grain size; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; heterogeneity; hydraulic conductivity; infrared methods; multiphase flow; nonaqueous phase liquids; organic compounds; permeability; pollutants; pollution; porous materials; sorting; spatial distribution; tetrachloroethylene; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fine-scale definition of cross-lithologic nutrient utilization in a sandstone-shale stratigraphic sequence, Cerro Negro, New Mexico AN - 1645570211; 2015-002891 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - McKinley, J P AU - Stevens, T O AU - Grossman, E L AU - Fredrickson, J K AU - Long, Philip E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 78 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - sulfates KW - Cretaceous KW - shale KW - metabolism KW - Mancos Shale KW - sandstone KW - New Mexico KW - Mesozoic KW - Cerro Negro KW - biogenic processes KW - sedimentary rocks KW - carbon KW - bacteria KW - interfaces KW - Dakota Formation KW - reduction KW - organic carbon KW - sulfides KW - clastic rocks KW - electrons KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645570211?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Fine-scale+definition+of+cross-lithologic+nutrient+utilization+in+a+sandstone-shale+stratigraphic+sequence%2C+Cerro+Negro%2C+New+Mexico&rft.au=McKinley%2C+J+P%3BStevens%2C+T+O%3BGrossman%2C+E+L%3BFredrickson%2C+J+K%3BLong%2C+Philip+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=McKinley&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F325&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%292324-9250 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 1997 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-15 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biogenic processes; carbon; Cerro Negro; clastic rocks; Cretaceous; Dakota Formation; electrons; interfaces; Mancos Shale; Mesozoic; metabolism; New Mexico; organic carbon; reduction; sandstone; sedimentary rocks; shale; sulfates; sulfides; United States ER - TY - CONF T1 - Injection of colloidal size particles of Fe super(0) in porous media with shearthinning fluids as a method to emplace a permeable reactive zone AN - 16403836; 4286288 AB - Previous work has demonstrated the feasibility of injecting suspensions of micron-size zero-valent (Fe super(0)) particles into porous media as a method to emplace a permeable reactive zone. Further studies were conducted to evaluate the effects of several shearthinning fluids on enhancing the injectability of micron-size Fe super(0) particles into porous media. In contrast to Newtonian fluids, whose viscosities are constant with shear rate, certain non-Newtonian fluids are shearthinning, that is, the viscosity of these fluids decreases with increasing shear rate. The primary benefit of using these fluids for this application is that they increase the viscosity of the aqueous phase without adversely decreasing the hydraulic conductivity. A suspension formulated with a shearthinning fluid will maintain a relatively high viscosity in solution near the Fe super(0) particles (where the shear stress is low) relative to locations near the surfaces of the porous media, where the shear stress is high. The increased viscosity decreases the rate of gravitational settling of the dense Fe super(0) colloids (7.6 g/cm super(3)) while maintaining a relatively high hydraulic conductivity that permits pumping the colloid suspensions into porous media at greater flowrates and distances. Aqueous solutions of three polymers at different concentrations were investigated. It was determined that, the use of shear thinning fluids greatly increases the injectability of the colloidal Fe super(0) suspensions in porous media. JF - Land Contamination & Reclamation AU - Cantrell, K J AU - Kaplan, DI AU - Gilmore, T J Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 253 EP - 257 PB - EPP Publications VL - 5 IS - 3 KW - permeable reactive zone KW - shearthinning fluids KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16403836?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Land+Contamination+%26+Reclamation&rft.atitle=Injection+of+colloidal+size+particles+of+Fe+super%280%29+in+porous+media+with+shearthinning+fluids+as+a+method+to+emplace+a+permeable+reactive+zone&rft.au=Cantrell%2C+K+J%3BKaplan%2C+DI%3BGilmore%2C+T+J&rft.aulast=Cantrell&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=253&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Land+Contamination+%26+Reclamation&rft.issn=09670513&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Sensitivity analysis of O3 and photochemical indicators using a mixed-phase chemistry box model and automatic differentiation technology AN - 16353068; 4281673 AB - A comprehensive sensitivity analysis of a multi-phase atmospheric chemical mechanism is conducted under a variety of atmospheric conditions. The ADIFOR automatic differentiation technology is applied to evaluate the local sensitivities of species concentrations in gas, aqueous and aerosol phases with respect to a variety of model parameters. In this paper, sensitivities of tropospheric ozone and photochemical indicators with respect to species initial concentrations, gas-phase reaction rate constants, and aerosol surface uptake coefficients are presented and analyzed. The main gas-phase reaction pathways and aerosol surface uptake processes that affect tropospheric O3 formation, O3-precursor relations and sensitivity of indicators are identified. The most influential gas-phase reactions include the photolytic reactions of NO2, O3, H2O2, HCHO, ALD2 and MGLY, the conversion of NO to NO2, the generation and inter-conversion of OH, HO2 and RO2 radicals, and the formation and dissociation of oxidants and acids. Photochemical indicators such as O3/NOz and H2O2/HNO3 are sensitive to changes in reaction rate constants, initial species concentrations, and uptake coefficients. These indicators are found to have higher sensitivities for hydrocarbon reactions and lower sensitivities for NOx reactions under polluted conditions as compared to less polluted conditions. Aerosol surface uptake is important when the total surface area is larger than 1000 mm2 cm-3. The identified important heterogeneous processes include aerosol surface uptake of HCHO, O3, HO2, HNO2, HNO3, NO, NO2, N2O5, PAN, H2O2, CH3O2 and SO2. These uptake processes can affect not only O3 formation and its sensitivity, but also O3-precursor relations and sensitivities of indicators. JF - AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION 90. ANNUAL MEETING. AU - Zhang, Y AU - Easter, R C AU - Bischof, ChH AU - Wu, P-T Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 PB - AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION, PITTSBURGH, PA 15222 (USA) KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - 97-WA68A.04 KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16353068?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Pollution+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Y%3BEaster%2C+R+C%3BBischof%2C+ChH%3BWu%2C+P-T&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Sensitivity+analysis+of+O3+and+photochemical+indicators+using+a+mixed-phase+chemistry+box+model+and+automatic+differentiation+technology&rft.title=Sensitivity+analysis+of+O3+and+photochemical+indicators+using+a+mixed-phase+chemistry+box+model+and+automatic+differentiation+technology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Online access: http://www.awma.org/. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Electroelution to remove humic compounds from soil DNA and RNA extracts AN - 15860095; 4017134 AB - The application of nucleic acid techniques to detect, identify, and monitor specific genes or organisms in soils or sediments is often complicated by the inhibitory effects of humic compounds that copurify with nucleic acids. A rapid electroelution technique was developed to separate inhibitory compounds from extracts of soil DNA and RNA. This technique was used in conjunction with PCR to detect nifH, terrestrial ammonia-oxidizer (TAO) 16S rRNA genes and TAO 16S rRNA from a variety of surface soils and contaminated sediments. After electroelution of crude nucleic acid extracts, PCR sensitivity was increased up to a factor of 104 relative to DNA templates that had not been electroeluted. Without electroelution of crude DNA extracts, target genes often remained undetected. Likewise, electroelution of crude RNA extracts increased RT-PCR sensitivity (for TAO 16S rRNA) by a factor of 103 relative to RNA extracts that had not been further purified. The electroelution technique will therefore be useful for rendering environmental nucleic acids extracted from soil and sediment more amenable to PCR methods and nucleic acid analysis. JF - Journal of Microbiological Methods AU - Chandler, D P AU - Schreckhise, R W AU - Smith, J L AU - Bolton, H Jr AD - Environmental Microbiology Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 900 Battelle Blvd. Richland, WA 99352, USA Y1 - 1997/01// PY - 1997 DA - Jan 1997 SP - 11 EP - 19 PB - ELSEVIER SCIENCE B.V. VL - 28 IS - 1 SN - 0167-7012, 0167-7012 KW - rRNA 16S KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - polymerase chain reaction KW - soil KW - A 01047:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15860095?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Microbiological+Methods&rft.atitle=Electroelution+to+remove+humic+compounds+from+soil+DNA+and+RNA+extracts&rft.au=Chandler%2C+D+P%3BSchreckhise%2C+R+W%3BSmith%2C+J+L%3BBolton%2C+H+Jr&rft.aulast=Chandler&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=11&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Microbiological+Methods&rft.issn=01677012&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - polymerase chain reaction; soil ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of heavy metal remediation using mineral apatite AN - 13626232; 199802441 AB - An investigation was carried out into the sorption and desorption of dissolved lead, cadmium and zinc from aqueous solutions and a contaminated soil using the apatite mineral (calcium phosphate containing fluoride, chloride and hydroxyl ions) from North Carolina. Four heavy metals solutions of varying pH were examined and the soil was a composite soil contaminated with mine tailings and smelter emissions. The apatite mineral was extremely efficient in removing the lead and moderately efficient in sorbing the cadmium and the zinc from solutions at pH 4-5. The removal capacities of the apatite mineral was 151 mg of lead, 73 mg of cadmium and 41 mg of zinc per g of apatite, respectively, from the solutions and 62.3-99.9 per cent, 20-97.9 per cent and 28.6-98.7 per cent, respectively, of the lead, cadmium and zinc present in the contaminated soil using pH 3-12 solutions. There are 38 references. JF - Water, Air, & Soil Pollution AU - Chen, X AU - Wright, J V AU - Conca, J L AU - Peurrung, L M AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Wash. Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 57 EP - 78 VL - 98 IS - 1/2 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - Pb KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00007:Industrial Effluents UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13626232?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+heavy+metal+remediation+using+mineral+apatite&rft.au=Chen%2C+X%3BWright%2C+J+V%3BConca%2C+J+L%3BPeurrung%2C+L+M&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=X&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=98&rft.issue=1%2F2&rft.spage=57&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Surface barrier research at the Hanford site AN - 13624244; 199803088 AB - A field-scale prototype surface barrier of a fine-soil layer of 2 m over layers of coarser materials such as sands, gravels and basalt riprap was constructed over a waste site at the Hanford site in Washington State. The barrier was designed for 1000 year performance and was in a 3 year test of stability and long-term performance. Half of the barrier was irrigated and, with precipitation, a total of 480 mm water was applied each year. In late March, an extreme precipitation event representing a 1000 year return storm was applied. The protective sideslopes drained significant quantities of water but the soil cover did not drain. There was no measurable runoff or wind erosion, probably because of extensive revegetation of the surface. The data collected under extreme conditions showed that the barrier could meet its performance objectives. JF - Land Contamination & Reclamation AU - Gee, G W AU - Ward, AL AU - Fayer, MJ AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Wash. Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 233 EP - 238 VL - 5 IS - 3 SN - 0967-0513, 0967-0513 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13624244?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Land+Contamination+%26+Reclamation&rft.atitle=Surface+barrier+research+at+the+Hanford+site&rft.au=Gee%2C+G+W%3BWard%2C+AL%3BFayer%2C+MJ&rft.aulast=Gee&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=233&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Land+Contamination+%26+Reclamation&rft.issn=09670513&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The influence of physical heterogeneity on microbial degradation and distribution in porous media AN - 13622023; 199801187 AB - Theoretical and experimental approaches were combined to quantitatively identify individually coupled processes controlling rates of biodegradation and the distribution of nutrients and micro-organisms in physically heterogeneous porous media. Benzoate was aerobically biodegraded in a metre long 2 dimensional flow cell. Low conductivity inclusions were embedded in a high conductivity sandy matrix to represent clastic heterogeneities. Pore scale dispersivities were similar in both media although the conductivity ratio (of approximately 1:50) resulted in longitudinal macrodispersive spreading. High conductivity sand was inoculated with Pseudomonas cepacia sp. and a pulse of substrate and chloride tracer injected. Results are depicted and include colour surface representations of the RAFT model simulations of oxygen, benzoate and attached and aqueous protein. Results were evaluated using a reactive transport model in which flow, transport and bioreaction processes were independently measured. Degradation and growth were oxygen limited under nonlinear dual-Monod kinetics and controlled by variations in nutrient flux. Enhanced microbial growth occurred in regions of slow transport at low conductivity inclusions. Bacterial detachment was significant. Biomass increased 5-fold and was accounted for in the effluent which had a complicated breakthrough curve. The intermediate scale experiment was simulated by high resolution deterministic modelling and model parameters were not fitted to match flow cell data. Processes for further study were identified including buoyancy effects associated with small variations in solution density and dynamic biological processes associated with growth - endogenous respiration, cell division partitioning to the aqueous phase and active adhesion /detachment. There are 61 references. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Murphy, E M AU - Ginn, T R AU - Chilakapati, A AU - Resch, C T AU - Phillips, J L AU - Wietsma, T W AU - Spadoni, C M AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Wash. Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 1087 EP - 1103 VL - 33 IS - 5 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - Clastic KW - Media KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13622023?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=The+influence+of+physical+heterogeneity+on+microbial+degradation+and+distribution+in+porous+media&rft.au=Murphy%2C+E+M%3BGinn%2C+T+R%3BChilakapati%2C+A%3BResch%2C+C+T%3BPhillips%2C+J+L%3BWietsma%2C+T+W%3BSpadoni%2C+C+M&rft.aulast=Murphy&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1087&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Theoretical. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An adaptive modelling and monitoring approach to describe the hydrologic behaviour of small catchments AN - 13617531; 199804537 AB - An adaptive scheme which combined hydrologic modelling with field mapping and hydrologic monitoring was developed to describe the hydrologic behaviour of small catchments before and after land-use change. Field mapping delineated the real extent of dry and wet season hydrologic process zones and also assisted in the location of monitoring locations. Hydrologic monitoring included continuous streamflow, precipitation and some information from piezometers. The hydrologic model development proceeded with the mapping programme so that the level of model detail and field measurements used for model input and testing were consistent. It was found that subsurface flow dominated annual and peak flow in the forested site and that discharge from lawns and other pervious areas accounted for about 60 per cent of annual and storm runoff from the suburban catchment. The use of an adaptive combination of modelling and measurement made it possible to elucidate the components of flow production and flow paths in undeveloped and suburban catchments. JF - Journal of Hydrology (Amsterdam) AU - Wigmosta AU - Burges, S J AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Wash. Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 48 EP - 77 VL - 202 IS - 1/4 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13617531?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.atitle=An+adaptive+modelling+and+monitoring+approach+to+describe+the+hydrologic+behaviour+of+small+catchments&rft.au=Wigmosta%3BBurges%2C+S+J&rft.aulast=Wigmosta&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=202&rft.issue=1%2F4&rft.spage=48&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Theoretical. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exposure to 60 Hz magnetic fields does not alter clinical progression of LGL leukemia in Fischer rats. AN - 78665196; 9006106 AB - Associations between exposure to 60-Hz magnetic fields in residential and occupational environments and the incidence of leukemia and other cancers has been suggested by the results of a number of epidemiology studies. To address these potential associations, a study has been conducted to determine if 60-Hz magnetic fields can alter the clinical progression of leukemia. In the large granular lymphocytic (LGL) leukemia model, spleen cells from aged leukemic rats were transplanted into young, male Fischer 344 rats, producing leukemia in a relatively short period. A total of 72 animals were randomly assigned to four treatment groups (18/group) as follows: (1) 10 G; (2) sham exposed (null energized field) (approximately 20 mG); (3) ambient controls (<1 mG); and (4) positive controls (5 Gy whole body irradiation from Cobalt-60, 4 days before initiation of exposure). At the initiation of exposure or sham-exposure, all rats were injected (i.p.) with 2.2x10(7) fresh, viable, LGL leukemia cells. The magnetic fields were activated for 20 h per day, 7 days per week; all exposure conditions were superimposed over the natural ambient magnetic field. Eighteen rats from each treatment were bled at weeks 0, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 10 to monitor, in the same set of animals, the clinical progression of the LGL disease and survival of the animals. Peripheral blood hematological changes were monitored to evaluate the progression of the leukemia. In general, no significant or consistent differences were detected between the magnetic field exposed and the ambient field control groups, although some inconsistent and random differences were occasionally observed. These data indicate that the 10 G magnetic fields did not significantly alter the clinical progression of LGL leukemia in Fischer 344 rats. JF - Carcinogenesis AU - Sasser, L B AU - Morris, J E AU - Miller, D L AU - Rafferty, C N AU - Ebi, K L AU - Anderson, L E AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352-0999, USA. Y1 - 1996/12// PY - 1996 DA - December 1996 SP - 2681 EP - 2687 VL - 17 IS - 12 SN - 0143-3334, 0143-3334 KW - Hemoglobins KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Neoplasm Transplantation KW - Splenomegaly -- etiology KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Hemoglobins -- analysis KW - Erythrocytes -- radiation effects KW - Male KW - Electromagnetic Fields KW - Leukemia, Lymphoid -- etiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78665196?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=Exposure+to+60+Hz+magnetic+fields+does+not+alter+clinical+progression+of+LGL+leukemia+in+Fischer+rats.&rft.au=Sasser%2C+L+B%3BMorris%2C+J+E%3BMiller%2C+D+L%3BRafferty%2C+C+N%3BEbi%2C+K+L%3BAnderson%2C+L+E&rft.aulast=Sasser&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=2681&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Carcinogenesis&rft.issn=01433334&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-02-13 N1 - Date created - 1997-02-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hypoadrenocorticism in beagles exposed to aerosols of plutonium-238 dioxide by inhalation. AN - 78613929; 8955720 AB - Hypoadrenocorticism, known as Addison's disease in humans, was diagnosed in six beagles after inhalation of at least 1.7 kBq/g lung of 238PuO2. Histological examination of adrenal gland specimens obtained at necropsy revealed marked adrenal cortical atrophy in all cases. Autoradiographs showed only slight alpha-particle activity. Although the pathogenesis of adrenal cortical atrophy in these dogs is unclear, there is evidence to suggest an autoimmune disorder linked to damage resulting from alpha-particle irradiation to the lymphatic system. JF - Radiation research AU - Weller, R E AU - Buschbom, R L AU - Dagle, G E AU - Park, J F AU - Ragan, H A AU - Watson, C R AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA. Y1 - 1996/12// PY - 1996 DA - December 1996 SP - 688 EP - 693 VL - 146 IS - 6 SN - 0033-7587, 0033-7587 KW - Aerosols KW - 0 KW - Plutonium KW - 53023GN24M KW - Index Medicus KW - Space life sciences KW - Animals KW - Adrenal Glands -- radiation effects KW - Autoimmune Diseases -- etiology KW - Dogs KW - Autoradiography KW - Administration, Inhalation KW - Adrenal Glands -- pathology KW - Male KW - Female KW - Plutonium -- administration & dosage KW - Plutonium -- toxicity KW - Addison Disease -- etiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78613929?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+research&rft.atitle=Hypoadrenocorticism+in+beagles+exposed+to+aerosols+of+plutonium-238+dioxide+by+inhalation.&rft.au=Weller%2C+R+E%3BBuschbom%2C+R+L%3BDagle%2C+G+E%3BPark%2C+J+F%3BRagan%2C+H+A%3BWatson%2C+C+R&rft.aulast=Weller&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=146&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=688&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+research&rft.issn=00337587&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-01-03 N1 - Date created - 1997-01-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dissolution kinetics at the calcite-water interface AN - 52760159; 1997-012524 AB - A combined experimental and theoretical approach, including atomic force microscopy, an analytical terrace-ledge-kink model and kinetic Monte Carlo computer simulations, is used for determining the aqueous dissolution kinetics of the calcite 104 surface. Dissolution occurs mainly at step edges proceeding at single-layer edges through layer-by-layer removal, although the surface may appear to be dominated by deep pits. The methods used can be extended to study dissolution and growth of other minerals in more complex solutions. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Liang, Yong AU - Baer, Donald R AU - McCoy, James M AU - Amonette, James E AU - LaFemina, John P Y1 - 1996/12// PY - 1996 DA - December 1996 SP - 4883 EP - 4887 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 60 IS - 23 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - activation energy KW - atomic force microscopy data KW - chemical reactions KW - aqueous solutions KW - solution KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - carbonates KW - calcite KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52760159?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Dissolution+kinetics+at+the+calcite-water+interface&rft.au=Liang%2C+Yong%3BBaer%2C+Donald+R%3BMcCoy%2C+James+M%3BAmonette%2C+James+E%3BLaFemina%2C+John+P&rft.aulast=Liang&rft.aufirst=Yong&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=4883&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2896%2900337-7 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - activation energy; aqueous solutions; atomic force microscopy data; calcite; carbonates; chemical reactions; geochemistry; kinetics; solution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(96)00337-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Adsorption of nitrilotriacetate (NTA), Co and CoNTA by gibbsite AN - 52720470; 1997-038553 AB - Adsorption of Co (super 2+) nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) and equal-molar Co (super 2+) and NTA by a low surface area (LSA) commercial gibbsite (3.5 m (super 2) g (super -1) ) was investigated in batch as a function of pH (4.5 to 10.5), adsorbate (0.5 to 10 mu M) and adsorbent (0.5 to 75 g L (super -1) ) concentrations and ionic strength (0.01 to 1 M NaClO (sub 4) ). The adsorption of Co (super 2+) (Co-only) and the acid form of NTA (NTA-only) by gibbsite in 0.01 M NaClO (sub 4) exhibit cation-like and anion-like adsorption edges, respectively. For the equal-molar CoNTA chelate, Co and NTA adsorption edges were similar but not identical to the Co-only and NTA-only edges. Differences suggest the existence of a ternary CoNTA surface complex with the Co in the intact chelate coordinated to surface hydroxyls. NTA-only adsorption was insensitive to ionic strength variation, indicating weak electrostatic contributions to surface coordination reactions. This is consistent with the formation of inner-sphere surface NTA complexes and ligand exchange reactions in which monodentate, bidentate and binuclear NTA surface complexes form. Cobalt adsorption increases (edge shifts to lower pH by 1 pH unit) on LSA gibbsite as ionic strength increases from 0.01 to 1 M NaClO (sub 4) . For the same ionic strength change, a similar shift in the Co-only edge was observed for another commercial gibbsite (16.8 m (super 2) g (super -1) ); however, no change was observed for delta -Al (sub 2) O (sub 3) . Ionic strength shifts in Co (super 2+) adsorption by gibbsite were described as an outer-sphere CoOH (super +) surface complex using the triple-layer model. Results suggest that, at waste disposal sites where (super 60) Co and NTA have been co-disposed, NTA will not promote ligand-like adsorption of Co for acid conditions, but will reduce cation-like adsorption for basic conditions. Thus, where gibbsite is the dominant mineral sorbent, NTA will not alter (super 60) Co mobility in acidic pore waters and groundwaters; however, NTA could enhance (super 60) Co mobility where alkaline conditions prevail, unless microbial degradation of the NTA occurs. JF - Clays and Clay Minerals AU - Girvin, D C AU - Gassman, P L AU - Bolton, H, Jr Y1 - 1996/12// PY - 1996 DA - December 1996 SP - 757 EP - 768 PB - Clay Minerals Society, Clarkson, NY VL - 44 IS - 6 SN - 0009-8604, 0009-8604 KW - experimental studies KW - desorption KW - cobalt KW - cation exchange capacity KW - clay mineralogy KW - adsorption KW - organo-metallics KW - ions KW - aluminum oxides KW - metals KW - nitrilotriacetate KW - chemical properties KW - oxides KW - thermochemical properties KW - chelation KW - gibbsite KW - geochemistry KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52720470?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clays+and+Clay+Minerals&rft.atitle=Adsorption+of+nitrilotriacetate+%28NTA%29%2C+Co+and+CoNTA+by+gibbsite&rft.au=Girvin%2C+D+C%3BGassman%2C+P+L%3BBolton%2C+H%2C+Jr&rft.aulast=Girvin&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=757&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clays+and+Clay+Minerals&rft.issn=00098604&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 55 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CLCMAB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; aluminum oxides; cation exchange capacity; chelation; chemical properties; clay mineralogy; cobalt; desorption; experimental studies; geochemistry; gibbsite; ions; metals; nitrilotriacetate; organo-metallics; oxides; thermochemical properties ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Generalized chloride mass balance; forward and inverse solutions for one-dimensional tracer convection under transient flux AN - 52415471; 2000-000064 AB - Forward and inverse solutions are provided for analysis of inert tracer profiles resulting from one-dimensional convective transport under fluxes which vary with time and space separately. The developments are displayed as an extension of conventional chloride mass balance (CMB) techniques to account for transient as well as space-dependent water fluxes. The conventional chloride mass balance has been used over two decades to estimate recharge over large time scales in arid environments. In this mass balance approach, the chloride concentration in the pore water, originating from atmospheric fallout, is inversely proportional to the flux of water through the sediments. The CMB method is especially applicable to arid and semi-arid regions where evapotranspirative enrichment of the pore water produces a distinct chloride profile in the unsaturated zone. The solutions presented allow incorporation of transient fluxes and boundary conditions in CMB analysis, and allow analysis of tracer profile data which is not constant with depth below extraction zone in terms of a rational water transport model. A closed-form inverse solution is derived which shows uniqueness of model parameter and boundary condition (including paleoprecipitation) estimation, for the specified flow model. Recent expressions of the conventional chloride mass balance technique are derived from the general model presented here; the conventional CMB is shown to be fully compatible with this transient flow model and it requires the steady-state assumption on chloride mass deposition only (and not on water fluxes or boundary conditions). The solutions and results are demonstrated on chloride profile data from west central New Mexico. JF - PNNL. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory AU - Ginn, T R AU - Murphy, E M Y1 - 1996/12// PY - 1996 DA - December 1996 SP - 40 PB - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA KW - United States KW - chlorine KW - terrestrial environment KW - pollutants KW - one-dimensional models KW - arid environment KW - unsteady flow KW - halogens KW - pollution KW - New Mexico KW - biogeography KW - fluid dynamics KW - boundary conditions KW - ground water KW - models KW - recharge KW - transport KW - chloride ion KW - mass balance KW - tracers KW - steady-state processes KW - ecology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52415471?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Ginn%2C+T+R%3BMurphy%2C+E+M&rft.aulast=Ginn&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Generalized+chloride+mass+balance%3B+forward+and+inverse+solutions+for+one-dimensional+tracer+convection+under+transient+flux&rft.title=Generalized+chloride+mass+balance%3B+forward+and+inverse+solutions+for+one-dimensional+tracer+convection+under+transient+flux&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from NTIS database, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, (703)605-6000, order number DE98052582NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - WA N1 - SuppNotes - Contract AC06-76RL01830 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04694 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arid environment; biogeography; boundary conditions; chloride ion; chlorine; ecology; fluid dynamics; ground water; halogens; mass balance; models; New Mexico; one-dimensional models; pollutants; pollution; recharge; steady-state processes; terrestrial environment; tracers; transport; United States; unsteady flow ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Role of organic complexants and microparticulates in the facilitated transport of radionuclides AN - 50923990; 1998-002675 AB - This progress report describes the results of ongoing radiological and geochemical investigations of the mechanisms of radionuclide transport in groundwater at two low-level waste (LLW) disposal sites within the waste management area of the Chalk River Laboratories (CRL), Ontario, Canada. These sites, the Chemical Pit liquid disposal facility and the Waste Management Area C solid LLW disposal site, have provided valuable 30- to 40-year-old field locations for characterizing the migration of radionuclides and evaluating a number of recent site performance objectives for LLW disposal facilities. This information will aid the NRC and other federal, state, and local regulators, as well as LLW disposal site developers and waste generators, in maximizing the effectiveness of existing or projected LLW disposal facilities for isolating radionuclides from the general public and thereby improving the health and safety aspects of LLW disposal. JF - PNL (Pacific Northwest Laboratory) AU - Schilk, A J AU - Robertson, D E AU - Abel, K H AU - Cooper, E L AU - Killey, R W D Y1 - 1996/12// PY - 1996 DA - December 1996 SP - 106 PB - Pacific Northwest Laboratory, Richland, WA SN - 0270-6458, 0270-6458 KW - isotopes KW - complexing KW - mass spectra KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - waste management KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - spectra KW - particulate materials KW - geochemistry KW - soils KW - Renfrew County Ontario KW - anions KW - monitoring KW - pollution KW - migration of elements KW - Ontario KW - organic compounds KW - Canada KW - Chalk River Ontario KW - nuclear facilities KW - waste disposal KW - Eastern Canada KW - low-level waste KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50923990?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Schilk%2C+A+J%3BRobertson%2C+D+E%3BAbel%2C+K+H%3BCooper%2C+E+L%3BKilley%2C+R+W+D&rft.aulast=Schilk&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Role+of+organic+complexants+and+microparticulates+in+the+facilitated+transport+of+radionuclides&rft.title=Role+of+organic+complexants+and+microparticulates+in+the+facilitated+transport+of+radionuclides&rft.issn=02706458&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from NTIS database, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, (703)605-6000, order number NUREG/CR-6429NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - WA N1 - SuppNotes - Technical report; NUREG/CR (United States. Nuclear Regulatory Commission) N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anions; Canada; Chalk River Ontario; complexing; Eastern Canada; geochemistry; ground water; isotopes; low-level waste; mass spectra; migration of elements; monitoring; nuclear facilities; Ontario; organic compounds; particulate materials; pollution; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; Renfrew County Ontario; soils; spectra; transport; waste disposal; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Automated data collection system for measurement of bromide, oxygen, and hydrogen in liquid samples AN - 52548971; 1998-071411 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Humphrey, M D AU - Istok, J D AU - Szecsody, J E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996/11/12/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Nov 12 SP - 224 EP - 225 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 77 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - water KW - concentration KW - experimental studies KW - oxygen KW - data acquisition KW - halogens KW - data processing KW - solutes KW - bromide ion KW - mass spectroscopy KW - bromine KW - measurement KW - automated analysis KW - ion probe KW - computer programs KW - laboratory studies KW - hydrogen KW - chemical composition KW - spectroscopy KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52548971?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Automated+data+collection+system+for+measurement+of+bromide%2C+oxygen%2C+and+hydrogen+in+liquid+samples&rft.au=Humphrey%2C+M+D%3BIstok%2C+J+D%3BSzecsody%2C+J+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Humphrey&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-11-12&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=224&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%292324-9250 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 1996 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - automated analysis; bromide ion; bromine; chemical composition; computer programs; concentration; data acquisition; data processing; experimental studies; halogens; hydrogen; ion probe; laboratory studies; mass spectroscopy; measurement; oxygen; solutes; spectroscopy; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Physical characteristics of two Columbia River Basalt Group flows AN - 52691426; 1997-057624 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Ho, A AU - Cashman, K V AU - Reidel, S P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - November 1996 SP - 824 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 77 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - flood basalts KW - Washington KW - volcanic rocks KW - three-dimensional models KW - textures KW - igneous rocks KW - Columbia River Basalt Group KW - Miocene KW - evolution KW - emplacement KW - Cenozoic KW - Tertiary KW - physical properties KW - Neogene KW - basalts KW - Pasco Basin KW - petrography KW - tectonics KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52691426?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Physical+characteristics+of+two+Columbia+River+Basalt+Group+flows&rft.au=Ho%2C+A%3BCashman%2C+K+V%3BReidel%2C+S+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ho&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=824&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geological Union 1996 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - basalts; Cenozoic; Columbia River Basalt Group; emplacement; evolution; flood basalts; igneous rocks; Miocene; Neogene; Pasco Basin; petrography; physical properties; tectonics; Tertiary; textures; three-dimensional models; United States; volcanic rocks; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Heats of dilution and mixing in the system NaCl+CaCl (super 2) (aq) at 373 to 573 K and 21.5 Mpa using a new high-temperature, isothermal, flow-through calorimeter AN - 52689427; 1997-057647 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Oakes, C S AU - Pitzer, K S AU - Sterner, S M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - November 1996 SP - 828 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 77 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - calcium chloride KW - sodium chloride KW - experimental studies KW - pressure KW - mantle KW - effects KW - aqueous solutions KW - high pressure KW - temperature KW - measurement KW - enthalpy KW - chemical reactions KW - dilution KW - high temperature KW - crust KW - P-T conditions KW - 17B:Geophysics of minerals and rocks UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52689427?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Heats+of+dilution+and+mixing+in+the+system+NaCl%2BCaCl+%28super+2%29+%28aq%29+at+373+to+573+K+and+21.5+Mpa+using+a+new+high-temperature%2C+isothermal%2C+flow-through+calorimeter&rft.au=Oakes%2C+C+S%3BPitzer%2C+K+S%3BSterner%2C+S+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Oakes&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=828&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geological Union 1996 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aqueous solutions; calcium chloride; chemical reactions; crust; dilution; effects; enthalpy; experimental studies; high pressure; high temperature; mantle; measurement; P-T conditions; pressure; sodium chloride; temperature ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radionuclide fluxes through the Ob Estuary AN - 52661876; 1998-000376 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Hibler, L F AU - Becker, P AU - Paluszkiewicz, T AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - November 1996 SP - 375 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 77 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - hydrology KW - stream transport KW - isotopes KW - pollutants KW - statistical analysis KW - rivers and streams KW - pollution KW - Russian Federation KW - Ob River KW - two-dimensional models KW - radioactive waste KW - finite element analysis KW - radioactive isotopes KW - Kara Sea KW - Commonwealth of Independent States KW - transport KW - Arctic Ocean KW - waste disposal KW - estuarine environment KW - Asia KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52661876?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Radionuclide+fluxes+through+the+Ob+Estuary&rft.au=Hibler%2C+L+F%3BBecker%2C+P%3BPaluszkiewicz%2C+T%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hibler&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=375&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 1996 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Arctic Ocean; Asia; Commonwealth of Independent States; estuarine environment; finite element analysis; hydrology; isotopes; Kara Sea; Ob River; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; rivers and streams; Russian Federation; statistical analysis; stream transport; transport; two-dimensional models; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessing the impact of volcanic hazards on the Pacific NW energy infrastructure AN - 52640356; 1998-018523 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Murphy, M T AU - Heiken, G H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - November 1996 SP - 770 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 77 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - volcanic risk KW - geologic hazards KW - ash falls KW - volcanism KW - volcanoes KW - Pacific Coast KW - Columbia Plateau KW - risk assessment KW - power plants KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52640356?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Assessing+the+impact+of+volcanic+hazards+on+the+Pacific+NW+energy+infrastructure&rft.au=Murphy%2C+M+T%3BHeiken%2C+G+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Murphy&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=770&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union, 1996 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ash falls; Columbia Plateau; geologic hazards; Pacific Coast; power plants; risk assessment; United States; volcanic risk; volcanism; volcanoes ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Multimedia Environmental Pollutant Assessment System (MEPAS); source-term release formulations AN - 52637243; 1998-003379 AB - This report is one of a series of reports that document the mathematical models in the Multimedia Environmental Pollutant Assessment System (MEPAS). Developed by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory for the US Department of Energy, MEPAS is an integrated impact assessment software implementation of physics-based fate and transport models in air, soil, and water media. Outputs are estimates of exposures and health risk assessments for radioactive and hazardous pollutants. Each of the MEPAS formulation documents covers a major MEPAS component such as source-term, atmospheric, vadose zone/groundwater, surface water, and health exposure/health impact assessment. Other MEPAS documentation reports cover the sensitivity/uncertainty formulations and the database parameter constituent property estimation methods. The pollutant source-term release component is documented in this report. MEPAS simulates the release of contaminants from a source, transport through the air, groundwater, surface water, or overland pathways, and transfer through food chains and exposure pathways to the exposed individual or population. For human health impacts, risks are computed for carcinogens and hazard quotients for noncarcinogens. MEPAS is implemented on a desktop computer with a user-friendly interface that allows the user to define the problem, input the required data, and execute the appropriate models for both deterministic and probabilistic analyses. JF - Multimedia Environmental Pollutant Assessment System (MEPAS); source-term release formulations AU - Streile, G P AU - Shields, K D AU - Stroh, J L AU - Bagaasen, L M AU - Whelan, G Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - November 1996 SP - 142 VL - PNNL-11248 KW - hazardous waste KW - medical geology KW - isotopes KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - data processing KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - migration of elements KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - computer programs KW - safety KW - radioactive isotopes KW - CD-ROM KW - risk assessment KW - MEPAS KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52637243?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Streile%2C+G+P%3BShields%2C+K+D%3BStroh%2C+J+L%3BBagaasen%2C+L+M%3BWhelan%2C+G&rft.aulast=Streile&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Multimedia+Environmental+Pollutant+Assessment+System+%28MEPAS%29%3B+source-term+release+formulations&rft.title=Multimedia+Environmental+Pollutant+Assessment+System+%28MEPAS%29%3B+source-term+release+formulations&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from NTIS database, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, (703)605-6000, order number DE97050510NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - SuppNotes - Contract AC06-76RL01830 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial communities from deep, methane-rich rocks of the Piceance Basin AN - 52628126; 1998-011470 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Colwell, F S AU - Onstott, T C AU - Fredrickson, J K AU - Delwiche, M AU - Chandler, D AU - Yao, Q J AU - Phelps, Tommy J AU - Griffiths, R P AU - Ringelberg, D AU - White, D C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - November 1996 SP - 249 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 77 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - overpressure KW - communities KW - Cretaceous KW - biomass KW - western Colorado KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - Piceance Creek basin KW - burial diagenesis KW - Upper Cretaceous KW - lower Tertiary KW - cores KW - temperature KW - paleoecology KW - Cenozoic KW - sedimentary rocks KW - geochemistry KW - methane KW - pressure KW - alkanes KW - Mesozoic KW - Tertiary KW - organic compounds KW - diagenesis KW - bacteria KW - hydrocarbons KW - anaerobic environment KW - Rio Blanco County Colorado KW - Colorado KW - microorganisms KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 12:Stratigraphy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52628126?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Microbial+communities+from+deep%2C+methane-rich+rocks+of+the+Piceance+Basin&rft.au=Colwell%2C+F+S%3BOnstott%2C+T+C%3BFredrickson%2C+J+K%3BDelwiche%2C+M%3BChandler%2C+D%3BYao%2C+Q+J%3BPhelps%2C+Tommy+J%3BGriffiths%2C+R+P%3BRingelberg%2C+D%3BWhite%2C+D+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Colwell&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=249&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 1996 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; anaerobic environment; bacteria; biomass; burial diagenesis; Cenozoic; Colorado; communities; cores; Cretaceous; diagenesis; geochemistry; hydrocarbons; lower Tertiary; Mesozoic; methane; microorganisms; organic compounds; overpressure; paleoecology; Piceance Creek basin; pressure; Rio Blanco County Colorado; sedimentary rocks; temperature; Tertiary; United States; Upper Cretaceous; western Colorado ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of passive and active partitioning in microbial transport in natural and contaminated systems AN - 52627425; 1998-011467 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Murphy, Ellyn M AU - Ginn, Timothy R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - November 1996 SP - 249 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 77 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - experimental studies KW - contaminant plumes KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - ground water KW - nutrients KW - partitioning KW - biogenic processes KW - transport KW - microorganisms KW - field studies KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52627425?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=The+role+of+passive+and+active+partitioning+in+microbial+transport+in+natural+and+contaminated+systems&rft.au=Murphy%2C+Ellyn+M%3BGinn%2C+Timothy+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Murphy&rft.aufirst=Ellyn&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=249&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 1996 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biogenic processes; contaminant plumes; experimental studies; field studies; ground water; microorganisms; nutrients; partitioning; pollution; porous materials; transport; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrogen generated by water-rock interaction supports lithoautotrophic microorganisms AN - 52626091; 1998-011474 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Stevens, T O AU - McKinley, J P AU - Fredrickson, J K AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - November 1996 SP - 250 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 77 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - respiration KW - experimental studies KW - trophic analysis KW - ecosystems KW - lithoautotrophic taxa KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - water-rock interaction KW - hydrogen KW - bacteria KW - anaerobic environment KW - ecology KW - geochemistry KW - Eh KW - microorganisms KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52626091?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Hydrogen+generated+by+water-rock+interaction+supports+lithoautotrophic+microorganisms&rft.au=Stevens%2C+T+O%3BMcKinley%2C+J+P%3BFredrickson%2C+J+K%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Stevens&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=250&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 1996 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anaerobic environment; aquifers; bacteria; ecology; ecosystems; Eh; experimental studies; geochemistry; ground water; hydrogen; lithoautotrophic taxa; microorganisms; respiration; trophic analysis; water-rock interaction ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relative permeability-capillary pressure relations for mixed-wet NAPL-water aquifer systems AN - 52625443; 1998-011422 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Lenhard, R J AU - Oostrom, M AU - Robertson, S D AU - Delshad, M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - November 1996 SP - 243 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 77 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - two-phase models KW - pressure KW - capillary pressure KW - saturated materials KW - pollution KW - hydrodynamics KW - porous materials KW - permeability KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52625443?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Relative+permeability-capillary+pressure+relations+for+mixed-wet+NAPL-water+aquifer+systems&rft.au=Lenhard%2C+R+J%3BOostrom%2C+M%3BRobertson%2C+S+D%3BDelshad%2C+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lenhard&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=243&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 1996 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; capillary pressure; ground water; hydrodynamics; nonaqueous phase liquids; permeability; pollution; porous materials; pressure; saturated materials; two-phase models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experimental investigation of TCE removal using pump-and-treat and surfactant flushing techniques AN - 52550546; 1998-071405 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Oostrom, M AU - Hofstee, C AU - Walker, R C, III AU - Dane, J H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - November 1996 SP - 224 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 77 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - experimental studies KW - contaminant plumes KW - reclamation KW - pollution KW - techniques KW - porous materials KW - tetrachloroethylene KW - dense nonaqueous phase liquids KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - organic compounds KW - heterogeneous materials KW - surfactants KW - movement KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - pump-and-treat KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52550546?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Experimental+investigation+of+TCE+removal+using+pump-and-treat+and+surfactant+flushing+techniques&rft.au=Oostrom%2C+M%3BHofstee%2C+C%3BWalker%2C+R+C%2C+III%3BDane%2C+J+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Oostrom&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=224&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 1996 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chlorinated hydrocarbons; contaminant plumes; dense nonaqueous phase liquids; experimental studies; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; heterogeneous materials; movement; nonaqueous phase liquids; organic compounds; pollution; porous materials; pump-and-treat; reclamation; remediation; surfactants; techniques; tetrachloroethylene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - PCE infiltration and redistribution in heterogeneous porous media; physical experiments C AN - 52545640; 1998-071404 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Hofstee, C AU - Oostrom, M AU - Walker, R C AU - Dane, J H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - November 1996 SP - 224 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 77 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - unsaturated zone KW - tetrachloroethylene KW - dense nonaqueous phase liquids KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - laboratory studies KW - saturated zone KW - transport KW - movement KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - migration KW - experimental studies KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - capillary water KW - distribution KW - flows KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - models KW - organic compounds KW - heterogeneous materials KW - infiltration KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52545640?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=PCE+infiltration+and+redistribution+in+heterogeneous+porous+media%3B+physical+experiments+C&rft.au=Hofstee%2C+C%3BOostrom%2C+M%3BWalker%2C+R+C%3BDane%2C+J+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hofstee&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=224&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 1996 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - capillary water; chlorinated hydrocarbons; dense nonaqueous phase liquids; distribution; experimental studies; flows; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; heterogeneous materials; infiltration; laboratory studies; migration; models; movement; nonaqueous phase liquids; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; porous materials; saturated zone; simulation; tetrachloroethylene; transport; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of ultrasensitive infrared imaging to provide detailed permeability estimates for microbial transport experiments AN - 52544320; 1998-071385 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Long, Philip E AU - Foote, Harlan P AU - Goodwin, Shannon M AU - Kimball, C Scott AU - Murray, Christopher J AU - Wilson, John L AU - Taylor, Rob G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - November 1996 SP - 221 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 77 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - thallophytes KW - Plantae KW - imagery KW - Virginia KW - mapping KW - Northampton County Virginia KW - variations KW - temperature KW - infrared spectra KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - Oyster Virginia KW - transport KW - bacteria KW - hydrodynamics KW - spectra KW - permeability KW - remote sensing KW - microorganisms KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52544320?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Use+of+ultrasensitive+infrared+imaging+to+provide+detailed+permeability+estimates+for+microbial+transport+experiments&rft.au=Long%2C+Philip+E%3BFoote%2C+Harlan+P%3BGoodwin%2C+Shannon+M%3BKimball%2C+C+Scott%3BMurray%2C+Christopher+J%3BWilson%2C+John+L%3BTaylor%2C+Rob+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Long&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=221&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 1996 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; bacteria; ground water; hydrodynamics; imagery; infrared spectra; mapping; microorganisms; Northampton County Virginia; Oyster Virginia; permeability; Plantae; remote sensing; spectra; temperature; thallophytes; transport; United States; variations; Virginia ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Relative risk site evaluations for Yakima training center AN - 52542313; 1999-000213 AB - All 20 U.S. Army Yakima Training Center (YTC) sites evaluated were given a "low" relative risk. At Solid Waste Management Unit (SWMU) 22, a "minimum" soils contaminant hazard factor was assigned even though 6,700 mg/kg TPH-diesel was found in surface soil. SWMU 22 is physically located on top of and with the fence surrounding Area of Concern (AOC) 4. Because the diesel is most likely associated with AOC 4, and plans are to clean up AOC 4, any further actions regarding these contaminated soils should be addressed as part of the planned actions for AOC 4. Contaminant hazard factors of "moderate" were assigned to the soil pathway for SWMUs 4 and 7 because dieldrin and arsenic, respectively, were found in surface soil samples at concentrations exceeding standards. A "moderate" contaminant hazard factor was also assigned to the sediment pathway for AOC 1 because arsenic detected in sediments in "Larry's Swimming Pool" exceeded the standard. All other contaminant hazard factors were rated as minimal. The receptor factor for all sites and pathways was rated "limited", except for SWMU 54 in which the groundwater receptor factor was rated "potential". A "potential" rating was assigned to the groundwater pathway at this site to be conservative. The site is located on the south side of the syncline axis where the unconfined aquifer may be present and there are no monitoring wells at the site to confirm or deny the presence of groundwater contamination. JF - Relative risk site evaluations for Yakima training center AU - Smith, R M AU - Whelan, G Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - November 1996 SP - 137 VL - PNNL-11460 KW - wells KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - observation wells KW - organochlorine pesticides KW - ground water KW - waste management KW - military geology KW - Yakima County Washington KW - decontamination KW - sediments KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - solid waste KW - dieldrin KW - soils KW - insecticides KW - Washington KW - pollutants KW - arsenic KW - pollution KW - petroleum products KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - metals KW - risk assessment KW - waste disposal KW - pesticides KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52542313?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Smith%2C+R+M%3BWhelan%2C+G&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Relative+risk+site+evaluations+for+Yakima+training+center&rft.title=Relative+risk+site+evaluations+for+Yakima+training+center&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from NTIS database, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, (703)605-6000, order number DE97051517NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - SuppNotes - Contract AC06-76RL01830 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spectral modulation from ripple fired explosions at the Centralia coal mine, southwestern Washington AN - 52495316; 1999-017950 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Rohay, A C AU - Goodwin, S M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - November 1996 SP - F11 EP - F12 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 77 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - mines KW - Lewis County Washington KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - explosions KW - time variations KW - Centralia Washington KW - coal mines KW - spectral analysis KW - frequency KW - seismic sources KW - simulation KW - attenuation KW - Centralia Mine KW - southwestern Washington KW - seismic networks KW - accuracy KW - Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52495316?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Spectral+modulation+from+ripple+fired+explosions+at+the+Centralia+coal+mine%2C+southwestern+Washington&rft.au=Rohay%2C+A+C%3BGoodwin%2C+S+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Rohay&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F11&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 1996 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; attenuation; Centralia Mine; Centralia Washington; coal mines; Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty; explosions; frequency; Lewis County Washington; mines; monitoring; seismic networks; seismic sources; simulation; southwestern Washington; spectral analysis; time variations; United States; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The distribution of radiocesium and plutonium in sea ice-entrained Arctic sediments in relation to potential sources and sinks AN - 51319790; 1998-000372 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Cooper, L W AU - Larsen, I L AU - Beasley, T M AU - Dolvin, S S AU - Grebmeier, J M AU - Kelly, J M AU - Scott, M AU - Johnson-Pyrtle, A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - November 1996 SP - 375 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 77 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - Pu-240/Pu-239 KW - isotopes KW - plutonium KW - isotope ratios KW - sea ice KW - statistical analysis KW - alkali metals KW - geochemical cycle KW - marine sediments KW - radioactive isotopes KW - cesium KW - metals KW - ice KW - sediments KW - Arctic Ocean KW - geochemistry KW - actinides KW - regression analysis KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51319790?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=The+distribution+of+radiocesium+and+plutonium+in+sea+ice-entrained+Arctic+sediments+in+relation+to+potential+sources+and+sinks&rft.au=Cooper%2C+L+W%3BLarsen%2C+I+L%3BBeasley%2C+T+M%3BDolvin%2C+S+S%3BGrebmeier%2C+J+M%3BKelly%2C+J+M%3BScott%2C+M%3BJohnson-Pyrtle%2C+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Cooper&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=375&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 1996 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; alkali metals; Arctic Ocean; cesium; geochemical cycle; geochemistry; ice; isotope ratios; isotopes; marine sediments; metals; plutonium; Pu-240/Pu-239; radioactive isotopes; regression analysis; sea ice; sediments; statistical analysis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Factors affecting use of CR-39 surface monitor technology to estimate past exposure to indoor radon. AN - 78717896; 9087863 AB - In an epidemiologic study investigating influences of life-style and environment on lung cancer risk, CR-39 alpha-particle detectors, identified here as surface monitors, were affixed to subjects' selected household glass, ceramic, or enameled objects to measure residual radioactivity form embedded radon (Rn) decay products. The purpose was to estimate past cumulative indoor Rn concentrations to which the object was exposed to infer past exposures of the subjects. This approach was used to supplement exposure information obtained by methods traditionally used in Rn epidemiologic studies. In addition, surface monitors were affixed to objects of selected study subjects with complete exposure information to evaluate whether surface monitors provided estimates of cumulative past residual Rn exposure comparable to estimates obtained from year-long, ambient alpha track-etch measurements in each present and previous residence. These ambient measurements were time-weighted to estimate integrated exposure of objects and were adjusted for decay and ingrowth so as to be comparable to surface monitor measurements. A regression relationship was estimated between the two estimates of cumulative RN exposure. Surface monitor measurements had a satisfactory correlation (0.63) with adjusted ambient Rn measurements for new, nonceramic objects. Although not included in the study design, factors that might affect use of the technology were also investigated. Regression relationships were compared in graduated smoking environment (as judged by the subjects) to investigate possible differential plate out of radon progeny. In addition, regression relationships for windows were compared with those for other objects to investigate whether there was a significant difference between windows and other objects. It has been suggested that windows may have a higher plate out rate because of locally increased air flow. Results suggested that surface monitor information was useful to fill time gaps in estimates of historical radon exposure data obtained by ambient measurements. Glass samples provided the best correlation. Ceramic materials sometimes provided excessively high radon estimates, probably due to glazes that contained significant uranium or thorium. Due to small sample sizes, investigations of other factors were inconclusive. JF - Journal of exposure analysis and environmental epidemiology AU - Mahaffey, J A AU - Parkhurst, M A AU - Hui, T E AU - Brownson, R C AU - Alavanja, M C AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA. ja-mahaffey@pnl.gov PY - 1996 SP - 425 EP - 437 VL - 6 IS - 4 SN - 1053-4245, 1053-4245 KW - Air Pollutants, Radioactive KW - 0 KW - Carcinogens, Environmental KW - Radon KW - Q74S4N8N1G KW - Index Medicus KW - Missouri -- epidemiology KW - Glass -- analysis KW - Humans KW - Linear Models KW - Environmental Exposure -- analysis KW - Case-Control Studies KW - Ceramics -- analysis KW - Residence Characteristics KW - Smoking -- epidemiology KW - Female KW - Risk Assessment KW - Radiation Monitoring -- standards KW - Lung Neoplasms -- etiology KW - Radiation Monitoring -- methods KW - Lung Neoplasms -- epidemiology KW - Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced -- etiology KW - Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced -- epidemiology KW - Radon -- analysis KW - Air Pollutants, Radioactive -- analysis KW - Carcinogens, Environmental -- analysis KW - Radiation Monitoring -- instrumentation KW - Household Articles UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78717896?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.atitle=Factors+affecting+use+of+CR-39+surface+monitor+technology+to+estimate+past+exposure+to+indoor+radon.&rft.au=Mahaffey%2C+J+A%3BParkhurst%2C+M+A%3BHui%2C+T+E%3BBrownson%2C+R+C%3BAlavanja%2C+M+C&rft.aulast=Mahaffey&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=425&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.issn=10534245&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-07-15 N1 - Date created - 1997-07-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Numerical analysis of the in-well vapor-stripping system demonstration at Edwards Air Force Base AN - 52537787; 1999-000212 AB - Numerical simulations, with the Subsurface Transport Over Multiple Phases (STOMP) simulator, were applied to the field demonstration of an in-well vapor-stripping system at Edwards Air Force Base (AFB), near Mojave, California. The demonstration field site on the Edwards AFB was previously contaminated from traversing groundwater that was contained a varied composition of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which primarily includes trichloroethylene (TCE). This report documents those simulations and associated numerical analyses. JF - Numerical analysis of the in-well vapor-stripping system demonstration at Edwards Air Force Base AU - White, M D AU - Gilmore, T J Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - October 1996 SP - 218 VL - PNNL-11348 KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - numerical models KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - simulation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - California KW - waste management KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - Edwards Air Force Base KW - decontamination KW - Mojave Desert KW - volatile organic compounds KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - trichloroethylene KW - military facilities KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52537787?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=White%2C+M+D%3BGilmore%2C+T+J&rft.aulast=White&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Numerical+analysis+of+the+in-well+vapor-stripping+system+demonstration+at+Edwards+Air+Force+Base&rft.title=Numerical+analysis+of+the+in-well+vapor-stripping+system+demonstration+at+Edwards+Air+Force+Base&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from NTIS database, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, (703)605-6000, order number DE97051513NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - SuppNotes - Contract AC06-76RL01830 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reconstruction of radioactive contamination in the Columbia River AN - 51685214; 2005-059306 JF - Health Physics AU - Walters, W H AU - Richmond, M C AU - Gilmore, B G Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - October 1996 SP - 556 EP - 567 PB - Pergamon, Long Island, NY VL - 71 IS - 4 SN - 0017-9078, 0017-9078 KW - United States KW - concentration KW - Washington KW - monthly variations KW - isotopes KW - pollutants KW - Columbia River KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - environmental analysis KW - models KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - hydrodynamics KW - reconstruction KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51685214?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+Physics&rft.atitle=Reconstruction+of+radioactive+contamination+in+the+Columbia+River&rft.au=Walters%2C+W+H%3BRichmond%2C+M+C%3BGilmore%2C+B+G&rft.aulast=Walters&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=71&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=556&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+Physics&rft.issn=00179078&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.health-physics.com/pt/re/healthphys/home.htm;jsessionid=G5qSTXSp0vDSHYTCTzDnLVFQz7CBNyYYSGk1jRLYMGG4QvPYTKvJ!1240718814!-949856144!8091!-1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Columbia River; concentration; environmental analysis; Hanford Site; hydrodynamics; isotopes; models; monthly variations; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; reconstruction; surface water; transport; United States; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An explanation of the single-turnover experiment of 4-chlorobenzoyl CoA dehalogenase. AN - 78473551; 8888135 JF - Protein engineering AU - Zheng, Y J AU - Ornstein, R L AD - Environmental and Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA. Y1 - 1996/09// PY - 1996 DA - September 1996 SP - 721 EP - 723 VL - 9 IS - 9 SN - 0269-2139, 0269-2139 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Hydrocarbons, Halogenated KW - Hydrolases KW - EC 3.- KW - 4-chlorobenzoyl coenzyme A dehalogenase KW - EC 3.8.1.- KW - Index Medicus KW - Molecular Structure KW - Environmental Pollutants -- metabolism KW - Protein Engineering KW - Hydrocarbons, Halogenated -- metabolism KW - Models, Chemical KW - Biodegradation, Environmental KW - Hydrocarbons, Halogenated -- chemistry KW - Hydrolases -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78473551?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Protein+engineering&rft.atitle=An+explanation+of+the+single-turnover+experiment+of+4-chlorobenzoyl+CoA+dehalogenase.&rft.au=Zheng%2C+Y+J%3BOrnstein%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Zheng&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=1996-09-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=721&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Protein+engineering&rft.issn=02692139&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-05-06 N1 - Date created - 1997-05-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Surface-charge properties and UO (sub 2) (super 2+) adsorption of a subsurface smectite AN - 52776706; 1996-076100 AB - The sorption properties of a shale-derived smectite for UO (sub 2) over ranges in pH and ionic strength are reported, with the effects of solubilized Al and Si on the measured surface properties of the clay and on UO (sub 2) adsorption. UO (sub 2) adsorption to the surface smectite shows contributions from ion exchange and 'oxide-like' surface complexation reactions which vary with pH, ionic strength and the electrolyte cation. At the highest Na electrolyte concentration of 0.1 mol/L and Ca electrolyte concentrations of 0.05 and 0.005 mol/L, ion exchange is suppressed and uranyl sorption shows 'oxide-like' characteristics. Subsurface smectite releases greater amounts of Al (super 3+) ; dissolution reactions may be more important in subsurface materials where minor mineral components or poorly crystalline phases contribute to high solubilities of Al (super 3+) and H (sub 4) SiO (sub 4) under certain pH values. The chemistry of Al (super 3+) is important at pH 4-6. A surface charge model is discussed for the natural smectite based on measurements of Na adsorption and exchangeable Al (super 3+) . JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Turner, G D AU - Zachara, J M AU - McKinley, J P AU - Smith, S C Y1 - 1996/09// PY - 1996 DA - September 1996 SP - 3399 EP - 3414 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 60 IS - 18 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - silicates KW - sorption KW - experimental studies KW - titration KW - complexing KW - clay mineralogy KW - uranyl ion KW - electrolytes KW - crystal structure KW - adsorption KW - electrochemical properties KW - clay minerals KW - models KW - chemical reactions KW - metals KW - sheet silicates KW - uranium KW - ion exchange KW - potentiometry KW - actinides KW - pH KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52776706?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Surface-charge+properties+and+UO+%28sub+2%29+%28super+2%2B%29+adsorption+of+a+subsurface+smectite&rft.au=Turner%2C+G+D%3BZachara%2C+J+M%3BMcKinley%2C+J+P%3BSmith%2C+S+C&rft.aulast=Turner&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1996-09-01&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=18&rft.spage=3399&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2F0016-7037%2896%2900169-X L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 61 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; adsorption; chemical reactions; clay mineralogy; clay minerals; complexing; crystal structure; electrochemical properties; electrolytes; experimental studies; ion exchange; metals; models; pH; potentiometry; sheet silicates; silicates; sorption; titration; uranium; uranyl ion DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(96)00169-X ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Surface gamma-ray survey of SX Tank Farm AN - 52528121; 1999-000126 AB - Measurements made over the surface of the SX Tank Farm at Hanford show Cs 137 to be the only significant gamma ray emitting contaminant. A high-purity germanium detector collected the data in the surface survey. Most of the detected radiation originated from specific above ground objects, such as pipes and vents. One area of increased radiation in the north section of the tank farm between tanks SX-102 and SX-105, was apparently due to contamination of the soil by Cs 137. An area of interest near tanks SX-108, SX-111, and SX-112, below which borehole logs has indicated deep Cs 137 contamination, also showed Cs 137 at the surface, but the signal originated mainly from surface objects rather than from contaminated soils. A significant result of the surface survey is the understanding that surface objects with contamination can affect the signal observed by borehole logging tools as they reach the ground surface. JF - Surface gamma-ray survey of SX Tank Farm AU - Stromswold, D C AU - Arthur, R J Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - August 1996 SP - 18 VL - PNNL-11279 KW - United States KW - geophysical surveys KW - isotopes KW - radioactivity methods KW - radioactive waste KW - radioactive isotopes KW - cesium KW - soils KW - leaking underground storage tanks KW - high-level waste KW - Washington KW - gamma-ray methods KW - underground storage KW - pollutants KW - geophysical methods KW - alkali metals KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - migration of elements KW - preventive measures KW - detection KW - Cs-137 KW - metals KW - underground installations KW - surveys KW - waste disposal KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52528121?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Stromswold%2C+D+C%3BArthur%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Stromswold&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-08-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Surface+gamma-ray+survey+of+SX+Tank+Farm&rft.title=Surface+gamma-ray+survey+of+SX+Tank+Farm&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from NTIS database, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, (703)605-6000, order number DE96050375NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - SuppNotes - Contract AC06-76RL01830 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Recruitment and expression of toluene/trichloroethylene biodegradation genes in bacteria native to deep-subsurface sediments. AN - 78129947; 8779603 AB - Four plasmids, each encoding a combination of either an Escherichia coli or Pseudomonas putida promoter and either toluene dioxygenase or toluene monooxygenase, were electroporated into five bacterial strains isolated from sediments found at depths of 91 to 295 m. Four of these engineered bacterial strains demonstrated both toluene and trichloroethylene degradation activities. JF - Applied and environmental microbiology AU - Romine, M F AU - Brockman, F J AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA. mf_romine@pnl.gov Y1 - 1996/07// PY - 1996 DA - July 1996 SP - 2647 EP - 2650 VL - 62 IS - 7 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - DNA Primers KW - 0 KW - DNA, Bacterial KW - Trichloroethylene KW - 290YE8AR51 KW - Toluene KW - 3FPU23BG52 KW - Oxygenases KW - EC 1.13.- KW - toluene dioxygenase KW - EC 1.14.12.11 KW - toluene-4-monooxygenase KW - EC 1.14.13.- KW - Index Medicus KW - Promoter Regions, Genetic KW - Base Sequence KW - Electroporation KW - Plasmids -- genetics KW - DNA Primers -- genetics KW - DNA, Bacterial -- genetics KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Pseudomonas putida -- enzymology KW - Escherichia coli -- genetics KW - Oxygenases -- genetics KW - Escherichia coli -- enzymology KW - Biodegradation, Environmental KW - Pseudomonas putida -- genetics KW - Bacteria -- metabolism KW - Bacteria -- genetics KW - Trichloroethylene -- metabolism KW - Soil Microbiology KW - Genes, Bacterial KW - Toluene -- metabolism KW - Bacteria -- isolation & purification UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78129947?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+environmental+microbiology&rft.atitle=Recruitment+and+expression+of+toluene%2Ftrichloroethylene+biodegradation+genes+in+bacteria+native+to+deep-subsurface+sediments.&rft.au=Romine%2C+M+F%3BBrockman%2C+F+J&rft.aulast=Romine&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-07-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=2647&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+environmental+microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-09-19 N1 - Date created - 1996-09-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Bacteriol. 1986 Aug;167(2):447-54 [3525513] Gene. 1981 Dec;16(1-3):237-47 [6282695] J Bacteriol. 1987 Aug;169(8):3581-6 [3301806] J Bacteriol. 1987 Aug;169(8):3587-92 [3611023] Mol Gen Genet. 1987 May;207(2-3):349-54 [3475526] Appl Environ Microbiol. 1988 Feb;54(2):604-6 [3355147] J Bacteriol. 1989 Jun;171(6):3385-90 [2722753] J Biol Chem. 1989 Sep 5;264(25):14940-6 [2670929] J Bacteriol. 1991 May;173(9):3010-6 [2019563] J Bacteriol. 1991 Sep;173(17):5315-27 [1885512] J Bacteriol. 1991 Nov;173(21):6705-8 [1657866] J Bacteriol. 1992 Aug;174(15):4986-96 [1629155] J Bacteriol. 1994 Sep;176(17):5578-82 [8071244] J Lab Clin Med. 1954 Aug;44(2):301-7 [13184240] J Gen Microbiol. 1966 May;43(2):159-271 [5963505] Gene. 1986;48(1):119-31 [3549457] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Accelerated in situ bioremediation of groundwater AN - 52654020; 1998-002556 AB - In situ bioremediation, as applied in this project, is based on the principal of biostimulation: supplying nutrients to indigenous microbes to stimulate their metabolic activity and subsequent degradation of contaminants. Typically, a network of injection and extraction wells are used to recirculate groundwater into which amendments are added and distributed within the aquifer. The objective of the in situ process is to create in the aquifer a microbially active zone that maximizes contaminant destruction while controlling the distribution of microbial growth. It is important to control microbial growth to avoid plugging the aquifer near the injection well and to establish and sustain maximum treatment zones for each injection well. Figure I illustrates this concept for in situ bioremediation. The technology described herein is innovative in its use of the computer-based Accelerated Bioremediation Design Tool (ABDT) to aid in selecting appropriate system designs and to determine optimal operating strategies. In addition, numerical simulations within the design tool proved to be valuable during remediation operations to determine appropriate changes in the operating strategy as the bioremediation process progressed. This is particularly important because in situ bioremediation is not a steady- state process, and corrective actions to operating parameters are typically needed to maintain both rapid destruction rates and hydraulic containment. JF - Accelerated in situ bioremediation of groundwater AU - Truex, M J AU - Hooker, B S AU - Anderson, D B Y1 - 1996/07// PY - 1996 DA - July 1996 SP - 41 VL - PNNL-11313 KW - thallophytes KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - waste management KW - controls KW - decontamination KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - nitrate ion KW - water KW - biodegradation KW - Plantae KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - carbon tetrachloride KW - aquifers KW - nutrients KW - organic compounds KW - bacteria KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52654020?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Truex%2C+M+J%3BHooker%2C+B+S%3BAnderson%2C+D+B&rft.aulast=Truex&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-07-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Accelerated+in+situ+bioremediation+of+groundwater&rft.title=Accelerated+in+situ+bioremediation+of+groundwater&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from NTIS database, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, (703)605-6000, order number DE97050024NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - SuppNotes - Contract AC06-76RL01830 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genetic, cytogenetic, and carcinogenic effects of radon: a review. AN - 78171429; 8692177 AB - Radon exposure has been linked to lung carcinogenesis in both human and animal studies. Studies of smoking and nonsmoking uranium miners indicate that radon alone is a risk factor for lung cancer at the levels encountered by these miners, although the possibility exists that other substances in the mine environment affect the radon-induced response. The relevance of data from mines to the lower-exposure home environment is often questioned; still, a recent study of miners exposed to relatively low radon concentrations demonstrated a statistically significant increase for lung and laryngeal cancer deaths. In two major series of experiments with rats, the primary carcinogenic effect found was respiratory tract tumors, and evidence for an inverse exposure-rate effect was also noted. Although this inverse dose-rate effect also has been described in underground miner studies, it may not similarly apply to radon in the home environment. This observation is due to the fact that, below a certain exposure, cells are hit once or not at all, and one would not expect any dose-rate effect, either normal or inverse. Because some chromosome aberrations persist in cycling cells as stable events, cytogenetic studies with radon are being performed to help complete the understanding of the events leading to radon-induced neoplasia. Radon has been found to induce 13 times as much cytogenetic damage (as measured by the occurrence of micronuclei) than a similar dose of 60Co. A wide variety of mutation systems have demonstrated alpha-particle mutagenesis; recent investigations have focused on the molecular basis of alpha-induced mutagenesis. Gene mutations are induced by radon in a linear and dose-dependent fashion, and with a high biological effect relative to low-LET irradiation. Studies of the hprt locus show that approximately half of the alpha-induced mutations arise by complete deletion of the gene; the remaining mutations are split between partial deletions, rearrangements, and events not detectable by Southern blot or PCR exon analysis. Although other mutation systems do not show the same spectra as observed in the hprt gene (suggesting that the gene environment affects response), DNA deletions or multilocus lesions of various size appear to be predominant after radon exposure. As data emerge regarding radon-induced changes at the chromosomal and molecular level, the mechanisms involved in radon carcinogenesis are being clarified. This information should increase the understanding of risk at the low exposure levels typically found in the home. JF - Mutation research AU - Jostes, R F AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA. Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - June 1996 SP - 125 EP - 139 VL - 340 IS - 2-3 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Radon KW - Q74S4N8N1G KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation KW - Mutagenesis -- radiation effects KW - Chromosome Aberrations KW - Radon -- adverse effects KW - Neoplasms -- genetics KW - Neoplasms -- etiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78171429?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Genetic%2C+cytogenetic%2C+and+carcinogenic+effects+of+radon%3A+a+review.&rft.au=Jostes%2C+R+F&rft.aulast=Jostes&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-06-01&rft.volume=340&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=125&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-08-26 N1 - Date created - 1996-08-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Intrinsic bioremediation: an environmental restoration technology. AN - 78122050; 8785437 AB - In the past year, there has been a dramatic maturation of intrinsic bioremediation technologies. As methods pertinent to the intrinsic bioremediation of fuel hydrocarbons have become better established, a comprehensive protocol has been developed for the validation and prediction of these processes. Study of intrinsic bioremediation of other prevalent contaminants, such as chlorinated aliphatics, polychlorinated biphenyls, and high explosives, has also been undertaken. JF - Current opinion in biotechnology AU - Hooker, B S AU - Skeen, R S AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MSIN P7-41, Richland, Washington 99352, USA. bshooker@pnl.gov Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - June 1996 SP - 317 EP - 320 VL - 7 IS - 3 SN - 0958-1669, 0958-1669 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Fuel Oils KW - Hydrocarbons KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Index Medicus KW - Biodegradation, Environmental KW - Hydrocarbons -- metabolism KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- metabolism KW - Biotechnology KW - Environmental Microbiology KW - Environmental Pollutants -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78122050?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+opinion+in+biotechnology&rft.atitle=Intrinsic+bioremediation%3A+an+environmental+restoration+technology.&rft.au=Hooker%2C+B+S%3BSkeen%2C+R+S&rft.aulast=Hooker&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1996-06-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=317&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+opinion+in+biotechnology&rft.issn=09581669&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-09-20 N1 - Date created - 1996-09-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental processes mediated by iron-reducing bacteria. AN - 78116891; 8785432 AB - Considerable progress has been made towards enhancing our understanding of the phylogeny, ecology and biogeochemical role of dissimilatory iron-reducing bacteria. The known phylogenetic range of iron-reducing bacteria has expanded considerably, as has the known range of iron minerals that serve as a source of Fe(III) for anaerobic respiration. In addition, the number of biotechnological applications of iron-reducing bacteria, including remediation of soils and sediments contaminated with metals, radionuclides and organics, is rapidly expanding. JF - Current opinion in biotechnology AU - Fredrickson, J K AU - Gorby, Y A AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Washington 99352, USA. jk-fredrickson@pnl.gov Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - June 1996 SP - 287 EP - 294 VL - 7 IS - 3 SN - 0958-1669, 0958-1669 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - RNA, Bacterial KW - RNA, Ribosomal, 16S KW - Iron KW - E1UOL152H7 KW - Index Medicus KW - Phylogeny KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - Ecosystem KW - RNA, Ribosomal, 16S -- genetics KW - RNA, Bacterial -- genetics KW - Biodegradation, Environmental KW - Biotechnology KW - Bacteria -- metabolism KW - Bacteria -- genetics KW - Environmental Pollutants -- metabolism KW - Bacteria -- classification KW - Iron -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78116891?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+opinion+in+biotechnology&rft.atitle=Environmental+processes+mediated+by+iron-reducing+bacteria.&rft.au=Fredrickson%2C+J+K%3BGorby%2C+Y+A&rft.aulast=Fredrickson&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-06-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=287&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+opinion+in+biotechnology&rft.issn=09581669&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-09-20 N1 - Date created - 1996-09-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Hanford Site environmental report for calendar year 1995 AN - 52525463; 1999-000127 AB - The Hanford Site Environmental Report is prepared annually to summarize environmental data and information, describe environmental management performance, and demonstrate the status of compliance with environmental regulations. It also highlights environmental programs and efforts. It is written to meet reporting requirements and guidelines of DOE and to meet the needs of the public. Individual sections are designed to describe the Hanford Site and its mission, summarize the status in 1995 of compliance, describe the environmental programs, discuss estimated radionuclide exposure to the public from 1995 Hanford activities, present information on effluent monitoring and environmental surveillance (including ground-water protection and monitoring), and discuss activities to ensure quality. JF - Hanford Site environmental report for calendar year 1995 AU - Dirkes, R L AU - Hanf, R W Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - June 1996 SP - 398 VL - PNNL-11139 KW - United States KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - regulations KW - effluents KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - waste management KW - decontamination KW - nuclear facilities KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52525463?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Dirkes%2C+R+L%3BHanf%2C+R+W&rft.aulast=Dirkes&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-06-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Hanford+Site+environmental+report+for+calendar+year+1995&rft.title=Hanford+Site+environmental+report+for+calendar+year+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from NTIS database, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, (703)605-6000, order number DE96050522NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - SuppNotes - Contract AC06-76RL01830 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radon transport into dwellings: Considering groundwater as a source AN - 1524417606; 19556475 AB - A mathematical model is used to investigate whether radon degassing from groundwater may contribute to indoor radon levels. Specifically, the transport of radon in the soil-gas phase from the groundwater-soil gas interface to under-pressurized dwellings is modelled. The question whether radon in groundwater may contribute to indoor radon levels arises from observed high radon concentrations in groundwater, and recent findings that advection in the gas phase may be an important transport mechanism for radon into slightly under-pressurized dwellings. Most previous radon transport investigations did not consider groundwater as a potential source for contributing to indoor radon. The mathematical model includes a method to directly calculate indoor radon concentrations and an equivalent continuum approach to represent cracks in concrete foundations. The results of the simulations indicate that radon, which partitions from groundwater to the soil gas, may be advectively transported by the gas phase to slightly underpressurized dwellings in relatively permeable soils such that indoor radon concentrations may exceed 148 Bq/m super(3), which is the action limit imposed by EPA. JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Oostrom, M AU - Lenhard, R J AD - Environmental Technology Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington. Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - Jun 1996 SP - 1577 EP - 1580 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 United States VL - 23 IS - 13 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Mathematical Models KW - Radon transport KW - Interfaces KW - Concrete KW - Advection KW - Radon Radioisotopes KW - Ground water KW - Cracks KW - Degassing KW - Radon in groundwater KW - Mathematical models KW - Radon KW - Model Studies KW - Numerical simulations KW - Groundwater KW - Q2 09262:Methods and instruments KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - SW 0840:Groundwater KW - M2 556.3:Groundwater Hydrology (556.3) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1524417606?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Radon+transport+into+dwellings%3A+Considering+groundwater+as+a+source&rft.au=Oostrom%2C+M%3BLenhard%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Oostrom&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-06-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=1577&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F96GL01433 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mathematical models; Ground water; Degassing; Radon; Radon in groundwater; Numerical simulations; Radon transport; Advection; Radon Radioisotopes; Mathematical Models; Interfaces; Cracks; Groundwater; Concrete; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/96GL01433 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrogen-based microbial ecosystems in the Earth; discussions and reply AN - 52832922; 1996-042601 JF - Science AU - Madsen, Eugene L AU - Lovley, Derek R AU - Chapelle, Francis H AU - Stevens, Todd O AU - McKinley, James P Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 896 EP - 897 PB - American Association for the Advancement of Science, Washington, DC VL - 272 IS - 5263 SN - 0036-8075, 0036-8075 KW - United States KW - thallophytes KW - volcanic rocks KW - isotopes KW - igneous rocks KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - ecosystems KW - stable isotopes KW - ground water KW - Cenozoic KW - water-rock interaction KW - carbon KW - basalts KW - ecology KW - Benton County Washington KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - southern Washington KW - Plantae KW - Washington KW - methane KW - metabolism KW - biochemistry KW - C-13/C-12 KW - Columbia River Basalt Group KW - alkanes KW - hydrochemistry KW - weathering KW - Miocene KW - aquifers KW - Tertiary KW - organic compounds KW - Neogene KW - hydrogen KW - bacteria KW - hydrocarbons KW - anaerobic environment KW - aquatic environment KW - microorganisms KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52832922?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.atitle=Hydrogen-based+microbial+ecosystems+in+the+Earth%3B+discussions+and+reply&rft.au=Madsen%2C+Eugene+L%3BLovley%2C+Derek+R%3BChapelle%2C+Francis+H%3BStevens%2C+Todd+O%3BMcKinley%2C+James+P&rft.aulast=Madsen&rft.aufirst=Eugene&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=272&rft.issue=5263&rft.spage=896&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science&rft.issn=00368075&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencemag.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 12 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - SuppNotes - For reference to original see Stevens, T. O., and McKinley, J. P., Science, Vol. 270, p. 450, 1995 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - SCIEAS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; anaerobic environment; aquatic environment; aquifers; bacteria; basalts; Benton County Washington; biochemistry; C-13/C-12; carbon; Cenozoic; Columbia River Basalt Group; ecology; ecosystems; geochemistry; ground water; hydrocarbons; hydrochemistry; hydrogen; igneous rocks; isotopes; metabolism; methane; microorganisms; Miocene; Neogene; organic compounds; pH; Plantae; southern Washington; stable isotopes; Tertiary; thallophytes; United States; volcanic rocks; Washington; water-rock interaction; weathering ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular statics calculations of proton binding to goethite surfaces; a new approach to estimation of stability constants for multisite surface complexation models AN - 52823407; 1996-056092 AB - This new approach is based on molecular statics computation of energies for the formation of proton vacancies and interstitials in ideal periodic slabs representing the (100), 110), 010) and (021) surfaces of goethite. Calculation of gas-phase energies of clusters representing hydrolysis products of Fe (super 3+) are linearly related to the hydrolysis constants for Fe (super 3+) in aqueous solution. Stability constants for proton binding at goethite surfaces predict a pH at point of zero charge of 8.9 agreeing with measurements on CO (sub 2) -free goethite. Most surface oxide ions are reactive and a site density of 15-16 reactive sites/nm for crystals dominated by (110) and (021) faces is suggested. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Rustad, James R AU - Felmy, Andrew R AU - Hay, Benjamin P Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 1563 EP - 1576 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 60 IS - 9 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - molecular structure KW - goethite KW - complexing KW - stability KW - oxides KW - crystal structure KW - bonding KW - protons KW - energy KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52823407?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Molecular+statics+calculations+of+proton+binding+to+goethite+surfaces%3B+a+new+approach+to+estimation+of+stability+constants+for+multisite+surface+complexation+models&rft.au=Rustad%2C+James+R%3BFelmy%2C+Andrew+R%3BHay%2C+Benjamin+P&rft.aulast=Rustad&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1563&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2F0016-7037%2896%2900035-X L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bonding; complexing; crystal structure; energy; goethite; molecular structure; oxides; protons; stability DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(96)00035-X ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular statics calculations for iron oxide and oxyhydroxide minerals; toward a flexible model of the reactive mineral-water interface AN - 52820869; 1996-056091 AB - These calculatioins are used to model the bulk structures of goethite, akaganeite, lepidocrocite and hematite. Lattice parameters are within 4% of experiment. Internal energies at 0 K are computed for each structure, which are illustrated; lepidocrocite is energetically the most stable polymorph followed by akaganeite and that by goethite. The model is used to identify surface species on the solvated (110) surface of goethite by simulation using potential parameters involving O-O, Fe-O and O-H interactions. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Rustad, James R AU - Felmy, Andrew R AU - Hay, Benjamin P Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 1553 EP - 1562 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 60 IS - 9 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - corrosion KW - iron oxides KW - goethite KW - oxyhydroxides KW - mineral-water interface KW - aqueous solutions KW - molecular structure KW - hydroxides KW - chemical reactions KW - hematite KW - surface features KW - oxides KW - geochemistry KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52820869?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Molecular+statics+calculations+for+iron+oxide+and+oxyhydroxide+minerals%3B+toward+a+flexible+model+of+the+reactive+mineral-water+interface&rft.au=Rustad%2C+James+R%3BFelmy%2C+Andrew+R%3BHay%2C+Benjamin+P&rft.aulast=Rustad&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1553&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2F0016-7037%2896%2900046-4 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aqueous solutions; chemical reactions; corrosion; geochemistry; goethite; hematite; hydroxides; iron oxides; mineral-water interface; molecular structure; oxides; oxyhydroxides; surface features DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(96)00046-4 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Ground-water characterization field activities for 1995-1996; Laboratory for Energy-Related Health Research, University of California, Davis AN - 52286982; 2001-001109 AB - This report documents ground-water characterization field activities completed from August to December 1995 and in January 1996 at the Laboratory for Energy-Related Health Research (LEHR) in Davis, California. The purpose of this work was to further characterize the hydrogeology beneath the LEHR site, with the primary focus on ground water. The objectives were to estimate hydraulic properties for the two uppermost saturated hydrogeologic units (i.e., HSU-1 and HSU-2), and to determine distributions of contaminants of concern in these units. Activities undertaken to accomplish these objectives include well installation, geophysical logging, well development, ground-water sampling, slug testing, Westbay ground-water monitoring system installation, continuous water-level monitoring, Hydropunch installation, and surveying. Ground-water samples were collected from 61 Hydropunch locations. JF - Ground-water characterization field activities for 1995-1996; Laboratory for Energy-Related Health Research, University of California, Davis AU - Liikala, T L AU - Lanigan, D C AU - Last, G V Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 309 VL - PNNL-11092 KW - water KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - water quality KW - monitoring KW - medical geology KW - site exploration KW - pollutants KW - well-logging KW - pollution KW - biogeography KW - research KW - human ecology KW - ground water KW - organic compounds KW - University of California KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - ecology KW - chloroform KW - academic institutions KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - nitrate ion KW - water wells KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52286982?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Liikala%2C+T+L%3BLanigan%2C+D+C%3BLast%2C+G+V&rft.aulast=Liikala&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Ground-water+characterization+field+activities+for+1995-1996%3B+Laboratory+for+Energy-Related+Health+Research%2C+University+of+California%2C+Davis&rft.title=Ground-water+characterization+field+activities+for+1995-1996%3B+Laboratory+for+Energy-Related+Health+Research%2C+University+of+California%2C+Davis&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from NTIS database, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, (703)605-6000, order number DE96011249NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - SuppNotes - Contract AC06-76RL01830 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Surface barrier technology tests at the Hanford Site AN - 52708878; 1997-046660 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Ward, Andy L AU - Gee, Glendon W AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - April 1996 SP - 121 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 28 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - experimental studies KW - Washington KW - terrestrial environment KW - prototypes KW - arid environment KW - drainage KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - Grant County Washington KW - Franklin County Washington KW - evapotranspiration KW - radioactive waste KW - testing KW - Benton County Washington KW - waste disposal KW - disposal barriers KW - design KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52708878?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Surface+barrier+technology+tests+at+the+Hanford+Site&rft.au=Ward%2C+Andy+L%3BGee%2C+Glendon+W%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ward&rft.aufirst=Andy&rft.date=1996-04-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=121&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, Cordilleran Section, 92nd annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arid environment; Benton County Washington; design; disposal barriers; drainage; evapotranspiration; experimental studies; Franklin County Washington; Grant County Washington; Hanford Site; pollution; prototypes; radioactive waste; terrestrial environment; testing; United States; Washington; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fractures adjacent to a Miocene volcanic neck, Cerro Negro, Cebolleta Land Grant, New Mexico AN - 52426140; 1999-064813 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Bjornstad, Bruce N AU - Long, Philip E AU - Lorenz, J C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - April 1996 SP - 49 EP - 50 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 28 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - Cebolleta New Mexico KW - Cretaceous KW - sandstone KW - New Mexico KW - fluid dynamics KW - Upper Cretaceous KW - Mesozoic KW - fractures KW - Cerro Negro KW - volcanic features KW - sedimentary rocks KW - McKinley County New Mexico KW - transport KW - volcanic necks KW - west-central New Mexico KW - mobility KW - clastic rocks KW - microorganisms KW - Gallup Sandstone KW - 16:Structural geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52426140?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Fractures+adjacent+to+a+Miocene+volcanic+neck%2C+Cerro+Negro%2C+Cebolleta+Land+Grant%2C+New+Mexico&rft.au=Bjornstad%2C+Bruce+N%3BLong%2C+Philip+E%3BLorenz%2C+J+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bjornstad&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rft.date=1996-04-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=49&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, Cordilleran Section, 92nd annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cebolleta New Mexico; Cerro Negro; clastic rocks; Cretaceous; fluid dynamics; fractures; Gallup Sandstone; McKinley County New Mexico; Mesozoic; microorganisms; mobility; New Mexico; sandstone; sedimentary rocks; transport; United States; Upper Cretaceous; volcanic features; volcanic necks; west-central New Mexico ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ten principles and ten commandments of radiation protection. AN - 77999334; 8609031 AB - For decades, the phrase "time, distance, and shielding" has been presented as summarizing the "basics" of radiation protection. Indeed, for protection from external radiation sources, these three principles are probably the most important ones on which a worker can make decision and take actions. however, these principles do not address protection against intakes of radioactive materials or "ontakes" (skin contamination), other risk-limiting measures, or other important protective measures taken by governments, public health agencies, regulators, and institutional programs (measures such as performance standards, health education, facility engineering requirements, and administrative procedures), I have identified ten principles and ten accompanying commandments of radiation protection: time, distance, dispersal, source reduction, source barrier, personal barrier, decorporation, effect mitigation, optimal technology, and limitation of other exposures. Corresponding non-technical forms of the commandments are hurry (but don't be hasty); stay away from it; disperse it and dilute it; use as little as possible; keep it in; keep it out; get it out or off of you (after intake or skin contamination); limit the damage; choose the best technology (perhaps a non-radiation technology); and don't compound risks (don't smoke). Technical versions of the commandments are also provided using the verbs "optimize," "maximize," or"minimize." Not all commandments can be applied at the same time, and application may be different for workers and members of the public. Advantages, disadvantages, and implementation of these principles and commandments are discussed, and numerous examples provided. The application of the principles and commandments must be based on knowledge of the radiological conditions to be managed. JF - Health physics AU - Strom, D J AD - Health Protection Department, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA. Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - March 1996 SP - 388 EP - 393 VL - 70 IS - 3 SN - 0017-9078, 0017-9078 KW - Index Medicus KW - Health Physics KW - Humans KW - Time Factors KW - Technology, Radiologic KW - Radiation Protection -- methods KW - Radiation Protection -- instrumentation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77999334?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+physics&rft.atitle=Ten+principles+and+ten+commandments+of+radiation+protection.&rft.au=Strom%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Strom&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=388&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+physics&rft.issn=00179078&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-05-24 N1 - Date created - 1996-05-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Clean-up at nuclear waste sites AN - 52524910; 1999-008601 JF - Abstracts of Papers - American Chemical Society, National Meeting AU - Quinn, R K AU - Gephart, R E A2 - Oteyza, Julian Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - March 1996 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 211 SN - 0065-7727, 0065-7727 KW - soils KW - isotopes KW - pollutants KW - waste disposal sites KW - pollution KW - environmental analysis KW - cost KW - environmental effects KW - remediation KW - radioactive waste KW - human ecology KW - ground water KW - radioactive isotopes KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52524910?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+-+American+Chemical+Society%2C+National+Meeting&rft.atitle=Clean-up+at+nuclear+waste+sites&rft.au=Quinn%2C+R+K%3BGephart%2C+R+E&rft.aulast=Quinn&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=211&rft.issue=&rft.spage=ANYL+003&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+-+American+Chemical+Society%2C+National+Meeting&rft.issn=00657727&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 211th ACS national meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cost; environmental analysis; environmental effects; ground water; human ecology; isotopes; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; remediation; soils; waste disposal; waste disposal sites ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Multimedia environmental pollutant assessment system (MEPAS); atmospheric pathway formulations; Revision AN - 52292798; 2001-001099 AB - The Multimedia Environmental Pollutant Assessment System (MEPAS) is an integrated software implementation of physics-based fate and transport models for health and environmental risk assessments of both radioactive and hazardous pollutants. The MEPAS atmospheric component for the air media documented in this report includes models for emission from a source to the air, initial plume rise and dispersion, airborne pollutant transport and dispersion, and deposition to soils and crops. The material in this report is documentation for MEPAS Versions 3.0 and 3.1 and the MEPAS version used in the Remedial Action Assessment System (RAAS) Version 1.0. JF - Multimedia environmental pollutant assessment system (MEPAS); atmospheric pathway formulations; Revision AU - Droppo, J G AU - Buck, J W Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - March 1996 SP - 95 VL - PNNL-11080-REV KW - soils KW - hazardous waste KW - contaminant plumes KW - pollutants KW - data processing KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - remediation KW - computer programs KW - Multimedia Environmental Pollutant Assessment System KW - transport KW - aerosols KW - risk assessment KW - mobility KW - MEPAS KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52292798?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Droppo%2C+J+G%3BBuck%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Droppo&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Multimedia+environmental+pollutant+assessment+system+%28MEPAS%29%3B+atmospheric+pathway+formulations%3B+Revision&rft.title=Multimedia+environmental+pollutant+assessment+system+%28MEPAS%29%3B+atmospheric+pathway+formulations%3B+Revision&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from NTIS database, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, (703)605-6000, order number DE96010944NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - SuppNotes - Contract AC06-76RL01830 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 1995 annual water monitoring report, LEHR environmental restoration, University of California at Davis AN - 52164689; 2002-000074 AB - This 1995 Annual Water Monitoring Report presents analytical data collected between January and December 1995 at the Laboratory for Energy-Related Health Research (LEHR) located at the University of California (UC), Davis. This report has been prepared by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory in compliance with the Water Monitoring Plan for the LEHR site, which contains the sample collection, analysis, and quality assurance/quality control procedures and reporting requirements. Water monitoring during 1995 was conducted in conjunction with the Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study currently being implemented at the LEHR site as part of a US Department of Energy (DOE)-sponsored environmental restoration program. Based on a review of historical groundwater monitoring data compiled since the fall of 1990, the list of analytes included in the program was reduced and the schedule for analyzing the remaining analytes was revised. The revision was implemented for the first time in the summer monitoring period. Analytes eliminated from the program were those that were (1) important for establishing baseline groundwater chemistry (alkalinity, anions, Eh, total organic carbon, and chemical oxygen demand); (2) important for establishing sources of contamination; (3) not detected in water samples or not from the LEHR site; and (4) duplicates of another measurement. Reductions in the analytical schedule were based on the monitoring history for each well; the resultant constituents of concern list was developed for individual wells. Depending on its importance in a well, each analyte was analyzed quarterly, semi-annually, or annually. Pollutants of major concern include organic compounds, metals, and radionuclides. JF - PNNL (Pacific Northwest National Laboratory) AU - Stewart, D L AU - Smith, R M AU - Sauer, D R Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - March 1996 SP - 635 PB - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA KW - United States KW - water quality KW - monitoring KW - numerical models KW - medical geology KW - isotopes KW - site exploration KW - pollutants KW - physicochemical properties KW - pollution KW - Yolo County California KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - California KW - progress report KW - organic compounds KW - radioactive isotopes KW - metals KW - report KW - alkalinity KW - Davis California KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52164689?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Stewart%2C+D+L%3BSmith%2C+R+M%3BSauer%2C+D+R&rft.aulast=Stewart&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=1995+annual+water+monitoring+report%2C+LEHR+environmental+restoration%2C+University+of+California+at+Davis&rft.title=1995+annual+water+monitoring+report%2C+LEHR+environmental+restoration%2C+University+of+California+at+Davis&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from NTIS database, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, (703)605-6000, order number DE96012108NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - WA N1 - SuppNotes - Progress report; Contract AC06-76RL01830 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04694 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkalinity; aquifers; California; Davis California; ground water; isotopes; medical geology; metals; monitoring; numerical models; organic compounds; physicochemical properties; pollutants; pollution; progress report; radioactive isotopes; remediation; report; site exploration; United States; water quality; Yolo County California ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of similar media scaling and conditional simulation for modeling water flow and tritium transport at the Las Cruces trench site AN - 50176005; 1996-045374 AB - Similar media scaling and geostatistical analyses are used to characterize the spatial variability of soil hydraulic properties at the Las Cruces Trench Site in New Mexico. A simple method is described for conditioning the hydraulic properties used for unsaturated water flow and solute transport modeling, based on the spatial distributions of initial field-measured water contents and a set of scale-mean hydraulic parameters determined from the scaling analysis. This method is used to estimate hydraulic properties for numerical simulations of the latest field-scale flow and transport experiment conducted at the Las Cruces Trench Site. Relatively good matches between the observed and simulated flow and transport behavior are obtained without model calibration. The results of this study suggest that using similar media scaling in conjunction with the described conditioning procedure can significantly reduce the uncertainty in predictions of water flow and solute transport in spatially variable soils. Copyright 1996 by the American Geophysical Union. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Rockhold, Mark L AU - Rossi, Richard E AU - Hills, Richard G Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - March 1996 SP - 595 EP - 609 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 32 IS - 3 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - soils KW - experimental studies KW - southern New Mexico KW - in situ KW - isotopes KW - statistical analysis KW - unsaturated zone KW - Dona Ana County New Mexico KW - tritium KW - New Mexico KW - ground water KW - models KW - spatial variations KW - radioactive isotopes KW - hydrogen KW - movement KW - Las Cruces New Mexico KW - hydrodynamics KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50176005?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Application+of+similar+media+scaling+and+conditional+simulation+for+modeling+water+flow+and+tritium+transport+at+the+Las+Cruces+trench+site&rft.au=Rockhold%2C+Mark+L%3BRossi%2C+Richard+E%3BHills%2C+Richard+G&rft.aulast=Rockhold&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=595&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F95WR03398 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 32 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Dona Ana County New Mexico; experimental studies; ground water; hydrodynamics; hydrogen; in situ; isotopes; Las Cruces New Mexico; models; movement; New Mexico; radioactive isotopes; soils; solute transport; southern New Mexico; spatial variations; statistical analysis; tritium; United States; unsaturated zone DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/95WR03398 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - "Colored" noise waveforms and quadrupole excitation for the dynamic range expansion of Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. AN - 85239239; pmid-8712362 AB - Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR) mass spectrometry offers unparalleled analytical performance in most regards but has a dynamic range of typically no better than 10(2)-10(3). This limitation reportedly arises from two opposing constraints, involving the maximum number of ions that can be effectively trapped (10(6)-10(7)) and the minimum number of ions required to produce a detectable signal (10(2)-10(3)). A potential solution to this dynamic range limitation is presented, based on the application of selected-ion accumulation using quadrupole excitation. We show that lower concentration species can be effectively accumulated in the FTICR trapped ion cell, while the more abundant species are continually removed by the application of quadrupolar excitation in the form of band-limited or "colored" noise waveforms. The result is that "room" is made in the cell for lower abundance species, even during extended accumulation periods. This approach was demonstrated with mixtures of the bovine proteins, insulin, ubiquitin, and cytochrome c. For normal accumulation, the dynamic range was approximately 100. The application of selected-ion accumulation in the form of colored noise allowed the extension by 2 orders of magnitude and the detection of species of 1 x 10(-8) M concentration from a solution also containing another component at 9 x 10(-5) M. With this method, a putative new low abundance variant of bovine insulin was observed, and selected-ion accumulation and subsequent collisionally activated dissociation were used for its identification. Dipolar magnetron excitation was also explored to enhance selected-ion accumulation and was found to reduce the amount of buffer gas required for complete removal of the undesired species by a factor of 5. Further possible improvements are discussed, as are the complications due to the required balance between magnetron and cyclotron damping rates. JF - Analytical Chemistry AU - Bruce, J E AU - Anderson, G A AU - Smith, R D AD - Chemical Sciences Department, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA PY - 1996 SP - 534 EP - 541 VL - 68 IS - 3 SN - 0003-2700, 0003-2700 KW - Cattle KW - Human KW - Spectrum Analysis, Mass KW - Animal KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Cyclotrons KW - Proteins KW - Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Fourier Analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85239239?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+Chemistry&rft.atitle=%22Colored%22+noise+waveforms+and+quadrupole+excitation+for+the+dynamic+range+expansion+of+Fourier+transform+ion+cyclotron+resonance+mass+spectrometry.&rft.au=Bruce%2C+J+E%3BAnderson%2C+G+A%3BSmith%2C+R+D&rft.aulast=Bruce&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-02-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=534&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+Chemistry&rft.issn=00032700&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - eng DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrogeology of the West Siberian Basin AN - 52798563; 1996-070834 JF - Proceedings of the Thematic Conference on Geologic Remote Sensing AU - Foley, M G AU - Bradley, D J AU - Cole, C R AU - Gullett, C D AU - Hanson, J P AU - Hoover, K A AU - Perkins, W A AU - Williams, M D Y1 - 1996/02// PY - 1996 DA - February 1996 SP - II.379 EP - II.393 PB - Environmental Research Institute of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI VL - 11 SN - 1067-0106, 1067-0106 KW - numerical models KW - three-dimensional models KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - West Siberia KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - Commonwealth of Independent States KW - transport KW - movement KW - waste disposal KW - Asia KW - Siberian Lowland KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52798563?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Thematic+Conference+on+Geologic+Remote+Sensing&rft.atitle=Hydrogeology+of+the+West+Siberian+Basin&rft.au=Foley%2C+M+G%3BBradley%2C+D+J%3BCole%2C+C+R%3BGullett%2C+C+D%3BHanson%2C+J+P%3BHoover%2C+K+A%3BPerkins%2C+W+A%3BWilliams%2C+M+D&rft.aulast=Foley&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-02-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=&rft.spage=II.379&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Thematic+Conference+on+Geologic+Remote+Sensing&rft.issn=10670106&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh thematic conference on Applied geologic remote sensing N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; Commonwealth of Independent States; ground water; movement; numerical models; pollution; radioactive waste; Siberian Lowland; surface water; three-dimensional models; transport; waste disposal; West Siberia ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Demonstration of base catalyzed decomposition process, Navy Public Works Center, Guam, Mariana Islands AN - 52289578; 2001-000990 AB - Base Catalyzed Decomposition (BCD) is a chemical dehalogenation process designed for treating soils and other substrate contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB), pesticides, dioxins, furans, and other hazardous organic substances. PCBs are heavy organic liquids once widely used in industry as lubricants, heat transfer oils, and transformer dielectric fluids. In 1976, production was banned when PCBs were recognized as carcinogenic substances. It was estimated that significant quantities (one billion tons) of U.S. soils, including areas on U.S. military bases outside the country, were contaminated by PCB leaks and spills, and cleanup activities began. The BCD technology was developed in response to these activities. This report details the evolution of the process, from inception to deployment in Guam, and describes the process and system components provided to the Navy to meet the remediation requirements. The report is divided into several sections to cover the range of development and demonstration activities. Section 2.0 gives an overview of the project history. Section 3.0 describes the process chemistry and remediation steps involved. Section 4.0 provides a detailed description of each component and specific development activities. Section 5.0 details the testing and deployment operations and provides the results of the individual demonstration campaigns. Section 6.0 gives an economic assessment of the process. Section 7.0 presents the conclusions and recommendations form this project. The appendices contain equipment and instrument lists, equipment drawings, and detailed run and analytical data. JF - Demonstration of base catalyzed decomposition process, Navy Public Works Center, Guam, Mariana Islands AU - Schmidt, A J AU - Freeman, H D AU - Brown, M D AU - Zacher, A H AU - Neuenschwander, G N Y1 - 1996/02// PY - 1996 DA - February 1996 SP - 211 VL - PNNL-10972 KW - soils KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - Mariana Islands KW - toxic materials KW - degradation KW - pollutants KW - PCBs KW - pollution KW - remediation KW - waste management KW - organic compounds KW - Guam KW - report KW - Oceania KW - Micronesia KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - waste disposal KW - military facilities KW - sodium carbonate KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52289578?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Schmidt%2C+A+J%3BFreeman%2C+H+D%3BBrown%2C+M+D%3BZacher%2C+A+H%3BNeuenschwander%2C+G+N&rft.aulast=Schmidt&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1996-02-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Demonstration+of+base+catalyzed+decomposition+process%2C+Navy+Public+Works+Center%2C+Guam%2C+Mariana+Islands&rft.title=Demonstration+of+base+catalyzed+decomposition+process%2C+Navy+Public+Works+Center%2C+Guam%2C+Mariana+Islands&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from NTIS database, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, (703)605-6000, order number DE96010695NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - SuppNotes - Progress report; Contract AC06-76RL01830 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rational approach to improving reductive catalysis by cytochrome P450cam. AN - 78678084; 9010600 AB - Although halogenated hydrocarbons are noted for low chemical reactivity, small amounts are toxic to humans. Cytochromes P450 have been implicated in transforming these compounds to more reactive species, under anaerobic conditions, through reduction at the heme. A significant amount of effort has been directed toward turning this catalytic ability to our advantage by engineering P450 variants than can efficiently remediate these compounds in situ, before they come in contact with the human population. We have taken a 'rational' approach to this problem, in which a combination of theory and molecular modeling is applied to identify which properties of the enzyme have the greatest influence over reductive dehalogenation. Recent progress in this area is briefly reviewed. Two novel mutants, incorporating tryptophan (positions 87 and 396) and histidine (position 96, neutral and protonated) amino acid substitutions in the active site, are proposed and evaluated using molecular dynamics simulations. The upper bound on rate enhancement relative to wild-type is estimated in each mutant using electron transfer theory. The most significant rate enhancement is predicted for the His 96 mutant in the protonated state; while some His residues of certain proteins exhibit a pKa high enough to support a large protonated population, such information is not presently available for this proposed mutant. JF - Biochimie AU - Manchester, J I AU - Ornstein, R L AD - Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 714 EP - 722 VL - 78 IS - 8-9 SN - 0300-9084, 0300-9084 KW - Camphor 5-Monooxygenase KW - EC 1.14.15.1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - Humans KW - Mutagenesis KW - Catalysis KW - Computer Simulation KW - Models, Molecular KW - Camphor 5-Monooxygenase -- metabolism KW - Camphor 5-Monooxygenase -- chemistry KW - Camphor 5-Monooxygenase -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78678084?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochimie&rft.atitle=Rational+approach+to+improving+reductive+catalysis+by+cytochrome+P450cam.&rft.au=Manchester%2C+J+I%3BOrnstein%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Manchester&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=8-9&rft.spage=714&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochimie&rft.issn=03009084&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-07-08 N1 - Date created - 1997-07-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Magnetic field characteristics of electric bed-heating devices. AN - 78337077; 8809356 AB - Measurements of the flux density and spectra of magnetic fields (MFs) generated by several types of electric bed heaters (EBH) were made in order to characterize the MFs to which the fetus may be exposed in utero from the mother's use of these devices. Data on MPs were gathered from more than 1,300 in-home and laboratory spot measurements. In-home measurements taken at seven different positions 10 cm from the EBHs determined that the mean flux density at the estimated position of the fetus relative to the device was 0.45 microT (4.5 mG) for electric blankets and 0.20 microT (2.0 mG) for electrically heated water beds. A rate-of-change (RC) metric applied to the nighttime segment of 24 h EMDEX-C personal-dosimeter measurements, which were taken next to the bed of volunteers, yielded an approximate fourfold to sixfold higher value for electric blanket users compared to water-bed heater users. These same data records yielded an approximate twofold difference for the same measurements when evaluated by the time-weighted-average (TWA)MF exposure metric. Performance of exposure meters was checked against standard fields generated in the laboratory, and studies of sources of variance in the in-home measurement protocols were carried out. Spectral measurements showed that the EBH's measured produced no appreciable high-frequency MFs. Data gathered during this work will be used in interpreting results from a component of the California Pregnancy Outcome Study, which evaluates the use of EBHs as a possible risk factor in miscarriage. JF - Bioelectromagnetics AU - Wilson, B W AU - Lee, G M AU - Yost, M G AU - Davis, K C AU - Heimbigner, T AU - Buschbom, R L AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 174 EP - 179 VL - 17 IS - 3 SN - 0197-8462, 0197-8462 KW - Index Medicus KW - Abortion, Spontaneous -- etiology KW - Fetus KW - Beds KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Electricity -- adverse effects KW - Magnetics -- adverse effects KW - Bedding and Linens -- adverse effects KW - Heating -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78337077?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioelectromagnetics&rft.atitle=Magnetic+field+characteristics+of+electric+bed-heating+devices.&rft.au=Wilson%2C+B+W%3BLee%2C+G+M%3BYost%2C+M+G%3BDavis%2C+K+C%3BHeimbigner%2C+T%3BBuschbom%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=174&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioelectromagnetics&rft.issn=01978462&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-01-09 N1 - Date created - 1997-01-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Program Managers' Perspectives: Using the Results of Templates to Manage and Improve Programs AN - 61550274; 199701581 AB - Summarizes qualitative feedback from program managers (N not specified) who delivered five types of education programs at US Dept of Energy laboratories. The research, conducted by the National Center for Improving Science Education, to evaluate programs sought to determine how the use of templates to evaluate programs helped managers change & improve programs. Broader uses of templates in other laboratory education programs were also observed, revealing flexibility & responsiveness in the program structure. Some template disadvantages are listed, most relating to the amount of effort & time required to complete a template. Adapted from the source document. JF - New Directions for Program Evaluation AU - Hays, Irene D AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999 Richland WA 99352 Y1 - 1996/01// PY - 1996 DA - January 1996 SP - 39 EP - 48 IS - 72 KW - education programs, evaluation templates KW - qualitative feedback KW - program managers KW - Educational Programs KW - Evaluation Research KW - Research Applications KW - Program Evaluation KW - article KW - 7220: social planning/policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61550274?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocialservices&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Directions+for+Program+Evaluation&rft.atitle=Program+Managers%27+Perspectives%3A+Using+the+Results+of+Templates+to+Manage+and+Improve+Programs&rft.au=Hays%2C+Irene+D&rft.aulast=Hays&rft.aufirst=Irene&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=72&rft.spage=39&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=New+Directions+for+Program+Evaluation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Social Services Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Program Evaluation; Educational Programs; Evaluation Research; Research Applications ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Impacts of climate change on mountain regions AN - 52722430; 1997-035992 JF - Climate change 1995; impacts, adaptations and mitigation of climate change; scientific-technical analyses AU - Beniston, Martin AU - Fox, Douglas G AU - Adhikary, S AU - Andressen, R AU - Guisan, A AU - Holten, J I AU - Innes, J AU - Maitima, J AU - Price, M P AU - Tessier, L A2 - Watson, Robert T. A2 - Zinyowera, Marufu C. A2 - Moss, Richard H. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 PB - Cambridge University Press, Cambridge SN - 0521564379 KW - hydrology KW - permafrost KW - glaciation KW - global change KW - ecosystems KW - deglaciation KW - variations KW - mountains KW - climate effects KW - glacial geology KW - water resources KW - deforestation KW - climate KW - global warming KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52722430?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Beniston%2C+Martin%3BFox%2C+Douglas+G%3BAdhikary%2C+S%3BAndressen%2C+R%3BGuisan%2C+A%3BHolten%2C+J+I%3BInnes%2C+J%3BMaitima%2C+J%3BPrice%2C+M+P%3BTessier%2C+L&rft.aulast=Beniston&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0521564379&rft.btitle=Impacts+of+climate+change+on+mountain+regions&rft.title=Impacts+of+climate+change+on+mountain+regions&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 332 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Coastal zones and small islands AN - 52721413; 1997-035994 JF - Climate change 1995; impacts, adaptations and mitigation of climate change; scientific-technical analyses AU - Bijlsma, Luitzen AU - Ehler, C N AU - Klein, R J T AU - Kulshrestha, S M AU - McLean, R F AU - Mimura, N AU - Nicholls, R J AU - Nurse, L A AU - Perez Nieto, H AU - Stakhiv, E Z AU - Turner, R K AU - Warrick, R A A2 - Watson, Robert T. A2 - Zinyowera, Marufu C. A2 - Moss, Richard H. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 PB - Cambridge University Press, Cambridge SN - 0521564379 KW - biodiversity KW - monitoring KW - erosion KW - reefs KW - global change KW - nearshore environment KW - variations KW - sea-level changes KW - intertidal environment KW - wetlands KW - climate effects KW - islands KW - coastal environment KW - risk assessment KW - land use KW - global warming KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52721413?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Bijlsma%2C+Luitzen%3BEhler%2C+C+N%3BKlein%2C+R+J+T%3BKulshrestha%2C+S+M%3BMcLean%2C+R+F%3BMimura%2C+N%3BNicholls%2C+R+J%3BNurse%2C+L+A%3BPerez+Nieto%2C+H%3BStakhiv%2C+E+Z%3BTurner%2C+R+K%3BWarrick%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Bijlsma&rft.aufirst=Luitzen&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0521564379&rft.btitle=Coastal+zones+and+small+islands&rft.title=Coastal+zones+and+small+islands&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 254 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Land degradation and desertification AN - 52716989; 1997-035991 JF - Climate change 1995; impacts, adaptations and mitigation of climate change; scientific-technical analyses AU - Bullock, Peter AU - Le Houerou, Henri AU - Hoffman, M T AU - Rounsevell, M AU - Sehgal, J AU - Varallyay, G A2 - Watson, Robert T. A2 - Zinyowera, Marufu C. A2 - Moss, Richard H. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 PB - Cambridge University Press, Cambridge SN - 0521564379 KW - soils KW - monitoring KW - degradation KW - erosion KW - water erosion KW - global change KW - ecosystems KW - desertification KW - salinity KW - drought KW - nutrients KW - conservation KW - climate effects KW - greenhouse effect KW - soil erosion KW - land use KW - soil management KW - global warming KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52716989?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Bullock%2C+Peter%3BLe+Houerou%2C+Henri%3BHoffman%2C+M+T%3BRounsevell%2C+M%3BSehgal%2C+J%3BVarallyay%2C+G&rft.aulast=Bullock&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0521564379&rft.btitle=Land+degradation+and+desertification&rft.title=Land+degradation+and+desertification&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 163 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Climate change 1995; impacts, adaptations and mitigation of climate change; scientific-technical analyses AN - 52715959; 1997-035990 JF - Climate change 1995; impacts, adaptations and mitigation of climate change; scientific-technical analyses A2 - Watson, Robert T. A2 - Zinyowera, Marufu C. A2 - Moss, Richard H. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 878 PB - Cambridge University Press, Cambridge SN - 0521564379 KW - soils KW - forests KW - water management KW - ecosystems KW - desertification KW - fresh-water environment KW - biota KW - human ecology KW - wetlands KW - transport KW - climate effects KW - islands KW - coastal environment KW - risk assessment KW - greenhouse effect KW - water resources KW - climate KW - changes KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52715959?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0521564379&rft.btitle=Climate+change+1995%3B+impacts%2C+adaptations+and+mitigation+of+climate+change%3B+scientific-technical+analyses&rft.title=Climate+change+1995%3B+impacts%2C+adaptations+and+mitigation+of+climate+change%3B+scientific-technical+analyses&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Includes five appendices; this book is a contribution of Working Group II to the Second Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stochastic-convective transport for aerobic biodegradation involving multiple limiting solutes; incorporation of solute mixing within streamtubes AN - 52712603; 1997-040167 AB - Scaling reactive solute transport in heterogeneous media requires the incorporation of laboratory-scale information on reaction rates and dispersive mixing into models that address the effect of unknown physical heterogeneities at larger scales. Conventional stochastic-analytic methods developed for inert tracers are applicable to a single linearly-reacting solute, but are severely complicated by nonlinearities either in kinetics or due to dependence on cosolutes (i.e., limiters). Scaling transport under nonlinear kinetics has previously been achieved through the Stochastic-Convective-Reactive (SCR) approach, that represents solute arrival at x as the result of convective-reactive transport occurring through an ensemble of streamtubes. The flux contribution of streamtubes of a particular average convective velocity is described as a distribution function over velocity, which is characterized through analysis of the breakthrough curve at x of an inert tracer. SCR approaches typically describe transport along a streamtube as purely convective, where dispersive/diffusive and macrodispersive mixing is lumped within the distribution function. In this form the SCR fails to account for pore-scale mixing between reaction limiters and thus can underestimate reaction sink. An example involving both limiting coreactants and nonlinear (dual-Monod) kinetics is aerobic biodegradation of an organic utilizing oxygen. This process is generally unscalable due to the presence of reaction-limiting oxygen. To extend the SCR to this case, we approximate the effect of pore mixing between limiters by associating a Fickian dispersion with each streamtube, and averaging solutions of the resulting convection-dispersion-reaction-equation against the velocity distribution function. Resulting simulations are tested with data from biotic intermediate-scale flow cell experiments. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Ginn, Timothy R AU - Chilakapati, A AU - Murphy, E M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 129 EP - 130 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 28 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - solute transport KW - biodegradation KW - experimental studies KW - chemical dispersion KW - solutes KW - convection KW - aerobic environment KW - transport KW - stochastic processes KW - mixing KW - heterogeneity KW - kinetics KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52712603?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Stochastic-convective+transport+for+aerobic+biodegradation+involving+multiple+limiting+solutes%3B+incorporation+of+solute+mixing+within+streamtubes&rft.au=Ginn%2C+Timothy+R%3BChilakapati%2C+A%3BMurphy%2C+E+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ginn&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=129&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 28th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerobic environment; biodegradation; chemical dispersion; convection; experimental studies; heterogeneity; kinetics; mixing; solute transport; solutes; stochastic processes; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Integration of diverse information into a heterogeneous aquifer model at multiple stages of a microbial transport field experiment AN - 52711864; 1997-040164 AB - Diverse hydrogeologic data are integrated into quantitative models of bacterial transport in a sandy aquifer near Oyster, Virginia. This approach is being applied to the design of in situ injection experiments and the interpretation of experimental results. Models of bacterial transport processes have been combined with stochastic representations of heterogeneous geohydrologic and geochemical properties. In situ datasets (core samples, geophysics, and geologic interpretations) are combined with ex situ statistical descriptions (outcrop studies) to quantify aquifer properties that are heterogeneous on multiple scales. The development of the aquifer model was staged, with refinements made as new information became available. The initial model, used in the design of the first injection experiment, was based on outcrop studies at a nearby borrow pit. The second stage incorporated data from site boreholes and additional outcrop observations. The third stage will incorporate geophysical data (ground-penetrating radar and cross-borehole seismic tomography). Multi-scale heterogeneity is represented using a dual heterogeneity model. The distribution of discrete hydrofacies is simulated using a categorical indicator simulation method; local hydraulic conductivity variations are simulated using the sequential Gaussian simulation method. At each stage, Monte Carlo transport simulations were performed; the changes in results as new data are incorporated illustrate the impacts of conditioning data on model predictions. This research was supported by the Subsurface Science Program of the Office of Health and Environmental Research, U. S. Department of Energy (DOE). Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated for DOE by Battelle Memorial Institute, under contract DE-AC06 76RLO 1830. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Scheibe, Timothy D AU - Ginn, Timothy R AU - Chilakapati, Ashokkumar AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 322 EP - 323 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 28 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - thallophytes KW - ground-penetrating radar KW - Northampton County Virginia KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - Oyster Virginia KW - transport KW - quantitative analysis KW - chemical properties KW - interpretation KW - heterogeneity KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - Plantae KW - Virginia KW - in situ KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - injection KW - radar methods KW - aquifers KW - models KW - bacteria KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - field studies KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52711864?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Integration+of+diverse+information+into+a+heterogeneous+aquifer+model+at+multiple+stages+of+a+microbial+transport+field+experiment&rft.au=Scheibe%2C+Timothy+D%3BGinn%2C+Timothy+R%3BChilakapati%2C+Ashokkumar%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Scheibe&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=322&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 28th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; Atlantic Coastal Plain; bacteria; chemical properties; field studies; ground water; ground-penetrating radar; heterogeneity; hydraulic conductivity; in situ; injection; interpretation; models; Monte Carlo analysis; Northampton County Virginia; Oyster Virginia; Plantae; quantitative analysis; radar methods; simulation; statistical analysis; thallophytes; transport; United States; Virginia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Complex reaction networks; solvability AN - 52711518; 1997-040106 AB - A common problem in modeling multicomponent reactive transport is the solvability of problems involving a wide range of reaction rates. Here we analyze the numerical solution of transport of groundwater contaminants participating in arbitrarily complex network of reactions. The reactions can involve any combination of homogeneous, heterogeneous, equilibrium or kinetic transformations. The batch problem yields a Differential-Algebraic Equation (DAE) system whose index determines its solvability. When the equilibrium reactions are of mass-action type, the DAE system is solvable (index is unity) and the DAE system can be be decoupled into Ordinary Differential Equations and explicit Algebraic Equations (AEs). Non-mass-action type equilibrium reactions can lead to higher index systems resulting in nonconvergence and code breakdown. Higher index systems can be avoided by identifying the equilibrium reactions causing the higher index and formulating these as kinetic reactions. When under transport, these reaction systems yield coupled linear Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) and AEs; or if AEs are decoupled, quasilinear/nonlinear PDEs both of which can always be solved by the numerical method of lines when the equilibrium reactions are described by mass action kinetics. General higher index reaction systems under transport can be solved by operator-splitting. These results insure that reactive transport models derived from mass-action kinetics are always solvable. This research was supported by the Subsurface Science Program of the Office of Health and Environmental Research, U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated for DOE by Battelle Memorial Institute, under contract DE-AC06-76RLO 1830. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Chilakapati, Ashok AU - Ginn, Timothy R AU - Szecsody, James AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 129 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 28 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - models KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - numerical analysis KW - pollution KW - rates KW - equations KW - kinetics KW - ground water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52711518?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Complex+reaction+networks%3B+solvability&rft.au=Chilakapati%2C+Ashok%3BGinn%2C+Timothy+R%3BSzecsody%2C+James%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Chilakapati&rft.aufirst=Ashok&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=129&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 28th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical reactions; equations; ground water; kinetics; models; numerical analysis; pollution; rates; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effect of geologic heterogeneities on the installation and operation of the pilot in well vapor stripping system at an air force base in California AN - 52706304; 1997-048213 AB - The in-well vapor stripping system is a remediation technology designed to preferentially extract volatile organic compounds dissolved in groundwater. The system involves the combination of air-lift pumping and aeration within the borehole to strip volatile contaminants from groundwater. The process creates a groundwater circulation cell in the subsurface. As with all remediation technologies, the site's geologic heterogeneity strongly influences the design, operation and performance evaluation of the system.The system was installed at an Air Force base at the edge of the Mojave desert. The groundwater at the site was contaminated with TCE. The sediments at the site consist of alluvial deposits with minor amounts of interfingered lacustrine deposits. The site was characterized using core descriptions and analysis, geophysical logging and hydrologic testing. Characterization data indicated that the geologic environment varied both vertically and horizontally within the demonstration site. A computer model of the site was developed from the characterization data and aided in the design the system including optimum spacing of the injection and extraction zones. Geologic heterogeneities of the site affect both the soil and groundwater chemistry, which in turn influence the operation of the remediation system. The upper lacustrine-rich sediments contained higher salt concentrations than in the lower zones. The combination of sodic soils in the injection zone and low sodium water from the extraction zone resulted in the plugging of the injection zone by the expansion and increased mobility of the clays (dispersive clays). This plugging was controlled by adding calcium to the system. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Gilmore, Tyler J AU - Spane, F A, Jr AU - White, M D AU - Lewis, R E AU - Gee, G W AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 393 EP - 394 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 28 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - technology KW - data processing KW - characterization KW - variations KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - California KW - Mojave Desert KW - sediments KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - heterogeneity KW - geochemistry KW - soils KW - well logs KW - pollutants KW - injection KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - optimization KW - hydrochemistry KW - models KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - volatile organic compounds KW - testing KW - trichloroethylene KW - design KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52706304?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=The+effect+of+geologic+heterogeneities+on+the+installation+and+operation+of+the+pilot+in+well+vapor+stripping+system+at+an+air+force+base+in+California&rft.au=Gilmore%2C+Tyler+J%3BSpane%2C+F+A%2C+Jr%3BWhite%2C+M+D%3BLewis%2C+R+E%3BGee%2C+G+W%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gilmore&rft.aufirst=Tyler&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=393&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 28th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; characterization; chlorinated hydrocarbons; data processing; design; geochemistry; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; heterogeneity; hydrochemistry; injection; models; Mojave Desert; optimization; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; remediation; sediments; soils; solutes; technology; testing; trichloroethylene; United States; variations; volatile organic compounds; volatiles; well logs ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Three-dimensional modeling of tritium transport at the Hanford Site; a multiscale modeling approach AN - 52704768; 1997-040053 AB - Tritium is a major groundwater contaminant affecting the unconfined aquifer at the Hanford Site in southcentral Washington. Several separate sources of tritiated wastewater have recently been consolidated and are being discharged to ground after treatment at an effluent treatment facility. Predictions of tritium transport from the facility were needed to meet permitting requirements and to ensure that tritium concentrations in the groundwater, which discharges to the Columbia River, would be within regulatory limits. A three-dimensional, ten layer, regional, transient, groundwater flow model using the Coupled Fluid, Energy, and Solute Transport (CFEST) code was developed. The Columbia River and basalt ridges serve as natural boundaries for the regional unconfined aquifer system. A multiscale modeling approach was used because the transport problem requires a higher-resolution grid and it is computationally inefficient and limiting to extend the high-resolution grid to the natural hydrologic boundaries. Additionally, the transport problem does not need to be solved on the regional scale because the tritium plume resulting from the facility will not encompass the entire regional model domain. Particle pathlines generated from the regional flow model defined the extent of the tritium plume and, consequently, the submodel area. The larger, lower-resolution regional model provided boundary conditions for the smaller, higher-resolution submodel. Software tools were developed to automate the refinement of the finite-element grid and the transfer of boundary conditions between models. (Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated for the U.S. Department of Energy by Battelle under Contract DE-AC06-76RLO 1830). JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Wurstner, Signe K AU - Williams, Mark D AU - Cole, Charles R AU - Thorne, Paul D AU - Kincaid, Charles T AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 352 EP - 353 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 28 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - Washington KW - three-dimensional models KW - isotopes KW - Columbia River KW - effluents KW - statistical analysis KW - CFEST KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - tritium KW - boundary conditions KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - models KW - finite element analysis KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - hydrogen KW - movement KW - discharge KW - unconfined aquifers KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52704768?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Three-dimensional+modeling+of+tritium+transport+at+the+Hanford+Site%3B+a+multiscale+modeling+approach&rft.au=Wurstner%2C+Signe+K%3BWilliams%2C+Mark+D%3BCole%2C+Charles+R%3BThorne%2C+Paul+D%3BKincaid%2C+Charles+T%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wurstner&rft.aufirst=Signe&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=352&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 28th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; boundary conditions; CFEST; Columbia River; discharge; effluents; finite element analysis; ground water; Hanford Site; hydrogen; isotopes; models; movement; pollution; radioactive isotopes; statistical analysis; three-dimensional models; transport; tritium; unconfined aquifers; United States; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrogeological and chemical control on microbial variability in a shallow coastal plain aquifer AN - 52702991; 1997-048160 AB - A "hot zone" of microbial biomass (MB) and activity (AC) was detected below the water table (WT) at a site in Virginia for the study of microbiological, physical, and chemical heterogeneity in the subsurface environment. Samples were taken every 50 cm in the unsaturated zone (UZ) and every 5 cm from the capillary fringe (CF) to about 2 m below the WT (3.75 to 3.95 m depth) in two coreholes. MB, AC, and number of species (NS) decreased from the surface (MB = 4.4E7 cells/g; AC = 40.4%; NS = 10) to 3.2-3.7 m depth (MB = 4.1E2 cells/g; AC = 0.1%; NS = 4.5) in the UZ. However, grain sizes (GS) of sediments changed little (GS = approximately 0.25 mm) in this depth interval. Starting at the CF, these microbial variables increased to a maximum at 4.5-5.0 m depth (MB = 1.9E4 cells/g; AC = 40%; NS = 13). This microbial "hot zone" corresponded to a much coarser sand layer with GS three fold of those in surrounding sediments. Phosphate concentration also increased in the vicinity of this microbial "hot zone". Similar findings of hydrogeological and chemical control on microbial variability were reported for the same geological formation at another site about 80 km from this site. These results suggest that microbial variability within these similar geological conditions are controlled by water, nutrient availability, and grain-size distribution on a regional scale. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Zhang, Chuanlun AU - Palumbo, Anthony V AU - Phelps, Tommy J AU - Brockman, Fred J AU - Murray, Chris AU - Parsons, Brian S AU - Swift, Don J P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 352 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 28 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - Virginia KW - biomass KW - grain size KW - unsaturated zone KW - phosphates KW - variations KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - nutrients KW - water table KW - controls KW - sediments KW - heterogeneity KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52702991?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Hydrogeological+and+chemical+control+on+microbial+variability+in+a+shallow+coastal+plain+aquifer&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Chuanlun%3BPalumbo%2C+Anthony+V%3BPhelps%2C+Tommy+J%3BBrockman%2C+Fred+J%3BMurray%2C+Chris%3BParsons%2C+Brian+S%3BSwift%2C+Don+J+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Chuanlun&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=352&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 28th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; Atlantic Coastal Plain; biomass; controls; grain size; ground water; heterogeneity; nutrients; phosphates; sediments; United States; unsaturated zone; variations; Virginia; water table ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inverse modeling applied to quasi-steady state data for the Hanford unconfined aquifer and subsequent transient modeling AN - 52702979; 1997-048491 AB - Large volumes of water are discharged to the ground from the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) nuclear fuel processing operations in the central portion of the Hanford Site in southeastern Washington. These large volumes have recharged the unconfined aquifer at the Site and affected water levels. This artificial recharge has varied annually, resulting in transient flow conditions in the unconfined aquifer. An inverse (parameter estimation) method was applied to obtain an improved calibration of a numerical model of the ground-water flow system at the Site. Although transient flow conditions exist in the unconfined aquifer, a quasi-steady state period was identified in 1979 and a two-dimensional steady state inverse calibration was conducted. The inverse calibration yielded new estimates of transmissivity and corresponding hydraulic conductivities were calculated based on knowledge of the thickness of the unconfined aquifer. These hydraulic conductivities together with measured discharges to and withdrawals from the aquifer were used to calculate hydraulic heads from 1980 to 1985 in a transient simulation. The resulting calculated hydraulic heads for 1985 were compared to measured hydraulic heads. Within the study area, the contour maps of hydraulic heads produced similar gradients and the heads were generally within a few to five feet. Applying the steady-state inverse approach to the quasi-steady state data for the Hanford unconfined aquifer succeeded in producing a calibrated model for the aquifer; the transient simulation was necessary to test the inverse results and gain confidence that the estimated hydraulic conductivities were representative. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Jacobson, Elizabeth A AU - Freshley, Mark D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 388 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 28 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - Washington KW - unsteady flow KW - Hanford Site KW - inverse problem KW - simulation KW - southeastern Washington KW - two-dimensional models KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - models KW - levels KW - steady-state processes KW - thickness KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - discharge KW - unconfined aquifers KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52702979?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Inverse+modeling+applied+to+quasi-steady+state+data+for+the+Hanford+unconfined+aquifer+and+subsequent+transient+modeling&rft.au=Jacobson%2C+Elizabeth+A%3BFreshley%2C+Mark+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Jacobson&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=388&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 28th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; discharge; ground water; Hanford Site; hydraulic conductivity; inverse problem; levels; models; simulation; southeastern Washington; steady-state processes; thickness; two-dimensional models; unconfined aquifers; United States; unsteady flow; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Significance of pH change during multicomponent reactive transport of Co(II/III)EDTA AN - 52702156; 1997-048510 AB - The relative importance of different Co(II/III)EDTA/sediment reactions during pH change was studied with laboratory flow experiments and simulations. The movement of Co(II)EDTA through iron-containing sediments is controlled by a complex set of time dependent solution and surface reactions including metal-EDTA competitive adsorption, Co(II)EDTA oxidation, and ligand- and proton-promoted iron dissolution. In general, metal-EDTA adsorption is followed by Fe-dissolution [forming Co(II) and Fe(III)EDTA] and reductive dissolution [forming Co(III)EDTA]. Although about 36 equilibrium solution speciation and 28 kinetic surface reactions are needed to fully describe the system, considerably fewer reactions are needed to describe the general trends even over a moderate pH range. Flow experiments with low-pH Co(II)EDTA injection into mid-pH sediments showed that reductive dissolution outcompetes iron dissolution at low pH, but as the pH increases as the result of oxidation and dissolution, iron dissolution becomes dominant. Different groups of species were mobilized as the pH increased. Numerical modeling solving the mixed equilibrium/kinetic 64-reaction transport system tested reaction mechanism conceptualization and significance of different reactions. Simulations indicated that although ground water systems may be generally pH buffered, localized pH changes can occur at iron oxide lenses that result in significantly different speciation than would occur assumming a fixed pH system. This research was sponsored by the Subsurface Science Program, Office of Health and Environmental Research, U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). Pacific Northwest Laboratory is operated for DOE by Battelle Memorial Institute under Contract DE-AC06-76RLO 1830. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Szecsody, James E AU - Chilakapati, Ashok AU - Zachara, John M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 130 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 28 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - experimental studies KW - cobalt KW - buffers KW - oxidation KW - adsorption KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - chemical reactions KW - metals KW - kinetics KW - pH KW - changes KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52702156?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Significance+of+pH+change+during+multicomponent+reactive+transport+of+Co%28II%2FIII%29EDTA&rft.au=Szecsody%2C+James+E%3BChilakapati%2C+Ashok%3BZachara%2C+John+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Szecsody&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=130&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 28th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; buffers; changes; chemical reactions; cobalt; experimental studies; ground water; kinetics; metals; oxidation; pH; simulation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Petrophysical characterization of the heterogeneity of physical and chemical properties controlling microbial distributions using borehole geophysical logs AN - 52701707; 1997-048012 AB - The spatial distribution of bacteria plays a major role during in situ bioremediation of contaminated sites. Previous geostatistical studies by the authors have identified physical and chemical properties associated with the distribution of microorganisms in subsurface lacustrine sediments of southcentral Washington, including the moisture content and permeability, and the concentrations of extractable nitrate and sulfate. In order to further examine the relationships between geological and microbiological heterogeneity, two boreholes were recently completed in glaciolacustrine sediments in northern Washington. Several cores were taken in each borehole and sampled for microbiology, grain size, permeability, porosity, bulk chemistry, and extractable nutrient concentrations. In order to supplement the cores, which only sampled a small amount of the borehole volume, borehole geophysical logs were recorded in both boreholes, including spectral gamma, neutron, and density logs, as well as a pulsed-neutron gamma spectroscopy log that provides a measure of the chemical composition. Preliminary examination of the cores indicates pronounced heterogeneity in the sediment properties, which is captured in detail throughout the wellbores by the geophysical logs. Current efforts are directed toward calibration of the core measurements with the geophysical logs, and geostatistical analysis to determine the range of spatial cross-correlation of the geological and microbial variables. Based on the spatial cross-correlation, the distribution of microorganisms will be estimated throughout the boreholes using geostatistical methods and the borehole geophysical data. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Murray, Christopher J AU - Brockman, Fred J AU - Bjornstad, Bruce N AU - McKinley, James P AU - Lewis, Richard E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 461 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 28 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - thallophytes KW - moisture KW - characterization KW - calibration KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - controls KW - crosscorrelation KW - sediments KW - chemical properties KW - heterogeneity KW - Plantae KW - Washington KW - well logs KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - geostatistics KW - south-central Washington KW - bioremediation KW - distribution KW - nutrients KW - physical properties KW - bacteria KW - permeability KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52701707?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Petrophysical+characterization+of+the+heterogeneity+of+physical+and+chemical+properties+controlling+microbial+distributions+using+borehole+geophysical+logs&rft.au=Murray%2C+Christopher+J%3BBrockman%2C+Fred+J%3BBjornstad%2C+Bruce+N%3BMcKinley%2C+James+P%3BLewis%2C+Richard+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Murray&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=461&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 28th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; bioremediation; calibration; characterization; chemical properties; controls; crosscorrelation; distribution; geostatistics; ground water; heterogeneity; microorganisms; moisture; nutrients; permeability; physical properties; Plantae; pollution; remediation; sediments; south-central Washington; statistical analysis; thallophytes; United States; Washington; well logs ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rapid ground-water investigation using cone penetrometer testing, Hydropunch sampling, and on-site laboratory analyses AN - 52701604; 1997-048094 AB - A rapid, low-cost ground-water investigation was successfully conducted by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory 1 and International Technology Corporation at a U.S. Department of Energy Superfund site in northern California. This investigation used cone penetrometer testing (CPT) and piezocone tools, Hydropunch sampling, and on-site laboratory analyses to better define contaminant distributions delineated with the existing monitoring well network. The installation of additional wells and conventional laboratory analysis of samples was cost and time prohibitive. The CPT and piezocone tools were employed at selected locations to help refine the site conceptual model and assured that samples were collected from the desired hydrogeologic units. The Hydropunch, and in some cases, 1.5-in.-dia. temporary well screens, were advanced into the subsurface with the CPT rig for ground-water sample collection. Initial sampling locations were predetermined; subsequent locations were based on the real-time analytical results. Sampling depths ranged from 55 to 104 ft bgs, with the majority being collected from 85 and 95 ft bgs. Analyses included chloroform by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and hexavalent chromium by adsorptive stripping voltametry. In all, 122 ground-water samples were collected and analyzed from 61 locations in 26 days. Use of the CPT, Hydropunch sampling, and on-site analyses provided advantages in the following areas relative to conventional monitoring well installation: 1) plume definition - the greater data density resulted in more detailed contaminant plume maps, 2) time - up to four Hydropunches could be installed and subsequent sampling and analysis performed in one day, 3) cost - operational costs were reduced by a factor of 4, and 4) waste minimization - no solid and minimal liquid wastes were generated. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Liikala, Terry L AU - Schaal, William C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 25 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 28 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - wells KW - experimental studies KW - penetration tests KW - pollutants KW - cone penetration tests KW - gas chromatograms KW - pollution KW - mass spectra KW - cost KW - Hydropunch KW - ground water KW - sampling KW - spectra KW - water wells KW - instruments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52701604?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Rapid+ground-water+investigation+using+cone+penetrometer+testing%2C+Hydropunch+sampling%2C+and+on-site+laboratory+analyses&rft.au=Liikala%2C+Terry+L%3BSchaal%2C+William+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Liikala&rft.aufirst=Terry&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=25&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 28th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cone penetration tests; cost; experimental studies; gas chromatograms; ground water; Hydropunch; instruments; mass spectra; penetration tests; pollutants; pollution; sampling; spectra; water wells; wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Field measurements and numerical modeling of an injection/withdrawal experiment with reactive species and variable density fluids AN - 52668033; 1997-075061 AB - An injection/withdrawal experiment using a reducing reagent conducted at the Hanford Site in Washington State tested the feasibility of altering the redox potential of an aquifer by reducing Fe(III) to Fe(II) within the clay minerals in the aquifer sediment. This technology creates a permeable treatment barrier for redox-sensitive contaminants (e.g., chromate, chlorinated solvents) in the groundwater. Numerical modeling was used for the design of this experiment and to determine field-scale reaction rates. Previous bench and intermediate-scale experiments showed that the main reduction reactions can be modeled using first order kinetics. The experiment consisted of the injection of 21,000 gallons of reagent (sodium dithionite with a potassium carbonate/bicarbonate pH buffer at three concentrations) into the aquifer. After allowing for additional time for the reactions to occur, the reaction products and unreacted reagent and buffers were withdrawn. A similar experiment was conducted prior to this test using only a conservative tracer. The experimental site contains a central injection/withdrawal well screened at the bottom of the aquifer and 13 monitoring wells at various radial distances screened in upper and lower portions of the aquifer. Reagent was detected out to a 25 ft radius and reaction products and buffer were detected out to a 30 ft radius. Density effects were observed after the injection stage in the monitoring wells screened in the upper portion of the aquifer. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Williams, M D AU - Cole, C R AU - Vermuel, V R AU - Fruchter, J S AU - Amonette, J E AU - Szecsody, J E AU - Teel, S S AU - Yabusaki, S B AU - Istok, J D AU - Humphrey, M D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 353 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 28 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - wells KW - United States KW - technology KW - density KW - buffers KW - iron KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - ferric iron KW - solvents KW - chemical reactions KW - reduction KW - Eh KW - chlorinated solvents KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - numerical models KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - injection KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - chromate ion KW - ferrous iron KW - aquifers KW - metals KW - water wells KW - field studies KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52668033?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Field+measurements+and+numerical+modeling+of+an+injection%2Fwithdrawal+experiment+with+reactive+species+and+variable+density+fluids&rft.au=Williams%2C+M+D%3BCole%2C+C+R%3BVermuel%2C+V+R%3BFruchter%2C+J+S%3BAmonette%2C+J+E%3BSzecsody%2C+J+E%3BTeel%2C+S+S%3BYabusaki%2C+S+B%3BIstok%2C+J+D%3BHumphrey%2C+M+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=353&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 28th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; buffers; chemical reactions; chlorinated solvents; chromate ion; density; Eh; ferric iron; ferrous iron; field studies; ground water; Hanford Site; in situ; injection; iron; metals; monitoring; numerical models; pollutants; pollution; reduction; remediation; solvents; technology; United States; Washington; water wells; wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bioreactive transport in heterogeneous porous media AN - 52633309; 1998-014917 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Murphy, Ellyn M AU - Ginn, Timothy R AU - Chilakapati, A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 322 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 28 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - dispersivity KW - South Carolina KW - Cretaceous KW - characterization KW - Aiken County South Carolina KW - Pseudomonas KW - Upper Cretaceous KW - Aiken South Carolina KW - transport KW - tracers KW - Middendorf Formation KW - ecology KW - kinetics KW - high-resolution methods KW - biodegradation KW - experimental studies KW - benzoate KW - pollutants KW - matrix KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - Pseudomonas cepacia KW - Mesozoic KW - models KW - heterogeneous materials KW - bacteria KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52633309?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Bioreactive+transport+in+heterogeneous+porous+media&rft.au=Murphy%2C+Ellyn+M%3BGinn%2C+Timothy+R%3BChilakapati%2C+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Murphy&rft.aufirst=Ellyn&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=322&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 28th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aiken County South Carolina; Aiken South Carolina; bacteria; benzoate; biodegradation; characterization; Cretaceous; dispersivity; ecology; experimental studies; heterogeneous materials; high-resolution methods; kinetics; matrix; Mesozoic; microorganisms; Middendorf Formation; models; pollutants; pollution; porous materials; Pseudomonas; Pseudomonas cepacia; South Carolina; tracers; transport; United States; Upper Cretaceous ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Numerical evaluation of groundwater as a supply for radon in dwellings AN - 52125710; 2002-027057 AB - The question whether groundwater may be a source of radon arises from observed high radon concentrations in groundwater, and recent findings that advection in the gas phase may be an important transport mechanism for radon into slightly under pressurized dwellings. A mathematical model has been developed to investigate whether radon degassing from groundwater may contribute to indoor radon levels. To investigate whether the radon that partitions from groundwater to soil gas can contribute to indoor radon levels, multi-fluid flow models need to be used that consider interphase mass partitioning. The developed code presented in this paper considers flow and transport in both the water and gas phase. The mass-conservation equations are solved simultaneously. The radon transport equation, which accounts for advection, diffusion/dispersion, retardation, production and decay, is solved sequentially using the computed water and gas velocities as inputs. The conservation and transport equations are discretized spatially and temporally in algebraic form using an integrated finite-difference method. The nonlinear discretized equations are converted into linear form using a multivariable Newton-Raphson iteration technique. The code includes a transient Dirichlet boundary condition reflecting the radon concentration in a dwelling. The equivalent continuum approach has been implemented in the code to model cracks in concrete foundations. Numerical simulations were conducted to evaluate indoor radon concentrations as a function of depth to the water table, the intrinsic permeability of subsurface strata, and the pressure gradient in the gas phase. The results suggest that radon degassing from groundwater may contribute significantly to indoor radon concentrations. This may have important implications for regions where the aquifer that underlies dwellings passes through porous media high in radium content and the subsurface materials overlying the aquifer are composed of very coarse sands and gravels, such as is common in many alluvial deposits. The simulations help to explain how some dwellings may have high indoor radon concentrations when the radium content of the underlying geologic strata is low. JF - Proceedings of the International Conference on Computational Methods in Water Resources AU - Oostrom, M AU - Lenhard, R J AU - White, M D A2 - Aldama, A. A. A2 - Aparicio, J. A2 - Brebbia, C. A. A2 - Gray, W. G. A2 - Herrera, I. A2 - Pinder, G. F. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 193 EP - 200 PB - Computational Mechanics Publications VL - 11, Vol. 1 KW - soils KW - concentration KW - alkaline earth metals KW - toxic materials KW - numerical models KW - geologic hazards KW - radium KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - equations KW - radon KW - simulation KW - hydrochemistry KW - ground water KW - critical load KW - transport KW - noble gases KW - metals KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - construction KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52125710?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+International+Conference+on+Computational+Methods+in+Water+Resources&rft.atitle=Numerical+evaluation+of+groundwater+as+a+supply+for+radon+in+dwellings&rft.au=Oostrom%2C+M%3BLenhard%2C+R+J%3BWhite%2C+M+D&rft.aulast=Oostrom&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=11%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=193&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+International+Conference+on+Computational+Methods+in+Water+Resources&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh international conference on Computational methods in subsurface flow and transport problems N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03136 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; chemical composition; concentration; construction; critical load; equations; geochemistry; geologic hazards; ground water; hydrochemistry; mathematical models; metals; noble gases; numerical models; pollution; radium; radon; simulation; soils; toxic materials; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simulation of a quantitative multi-fluid flow experiment AN - 52125138; 2002-027086 AB - During the last decade, several multiphase flow and transport codes have been published. Few of the codes have been tested against experimental three-fluid (i.e., water, nonaqueous phase liquid, air) flow data. To establish the capability of a code to accurately predict subsurface flow and transport phenomena, it should be tested against quantitative data. Additionally, the correctness of the constitutive relations used in a code can only be properly evaluated by comparison results with those of controlled experiments. In this paper, we present results generated with the nonvolatile three-fluid operational mode of the STOMP (Subsurface Transport Over Multiple Phases) simulator with those obtained during a recently conducted quantitative three-fluid flow container experiment. Governing flow and transport equations are solved numerically by following an integrated finite difference approach. The part of the code describing the constitutive functions between fluid pressures, saturations, and relative permeabilities includes hysteretic capabilities and routines to compute NAPL and gas entrapment. The flow container, with internal dimensions of 167 cmX100 cmX5 cm, was filled under saturated conditions with a mixture of three uniform sands. After lowering the water table to a height of 25 cm above the bottom of the container, 825 ml of the LNAPL Soltrol (super R) 220 was injected at a constant flow rate from a small source located on top of the sand. After allowing redistribution of the Soltrol (super R) in the partly saturated sand for four days, the water table was slowly raised to a height of 65 cm. Seven days later, the water table was slowly reduced to a height of 10 cm. Throughout the experiment, water and NAPL saturations were obtained at a number of locations with a dual-energy gamma radiation system. The experiment was simulated using two nonhysteretic and one hysteretic constitutive theory to describe relations between relative permeability, saturation and fluid pressure. The input parameters for the simulations were obtained independently. Results show that the initial infiltration and redistribution of the Soltrol can be modeled accurately with both modes. The hysteretic mode, however, provides better results after the water table has been raised because of the effects of nonwetting fluid entrapment and pore geometry hysteresis. Due to space limitations, only results of the infiltration and redistribution part of the experiment are shown in this contribution. JF - Proceedings of the International Conference on Computational Methods in Water Resources AU - Oostrom, M AU - Hofstee, C AU - Dane, J H AU - White, M D A2 - Aldama, A. A. A2 - Aparicio, J. A2 - Brebbia, C. A. A2 - Gray, W. G. A2 - Herrera, I. A2 - Pinder, G. F. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 449 EP - 456 PB - Computational Mechanics Publications VL - 11, Vol. 1 KW - water quality KW - migration KW - experimental studies KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - equations KW - subsurface transport over multiple phase simulator KW - fluid dynamics KW - simulation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - water table KW - transport KW - multiphase flow KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52125138?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+International+Conference+on+Computational+Methods+in+Water+Resources&rft.atitle=Simulation+of+a+quantitative+multi-fluid+flow+experiment&rft.au=Oostrom%2C+M%3BHofstee%2C+C%3BDane%2C+J+H%3BWhite%2C+M+D&rft.aulast=Oostrom&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=11%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=449&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+International+Conference+on+Computational+Methods+in+Water+Resources&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh international conference on Computational methods in subsurface flow and transport problems N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03136 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - equations; experimental studies; fluid dynamics; ground water; migration; multiphase flow; nonaqueous phase liquids; pollutants; pollution; remediation; simulation; subsurface transport over multiple phase simulator; transport; water quality; water table ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The cryosphere; changes and their impacts AN - 51320380; 1997-035993 JF - Climate change 1995; impacts, adaptations and mitigation of climate change; scientific-technical analyses AU - Fitzharris, B Blair AU - Allison, I AU - Braithwaite, R J AU - Brown, J AU - Foehn, P M B AU - Haeberli, W AU - Higuchi, K AU - Kotlyakov, V M AU - Prowse, T D AU - Rinaldi, C A AU - Wadhams, P AU - Woo, M K AU - Xie, Youyu A2 - Watson, Robert T. A2 - Zinyowera, Marufu C. A2 - Moss, Richard H. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 PB - Cambridge University Press, Cambridge SN - 0521564379 KW - hydrology KW - permafrost KW - glaciation KW - sea ice KW - glaciers KW - global change KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - hydroelectric energy KW - deglaciation KW - ice caps KW - mountains KW - ice KW - snow KW - runoff KW - climate effects KW - seasonal variations KW - glacial geology KW - water resources KW - global warming KW - changes KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51320380?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Fitzharris%2C+B+Blair%3BAllison%2C+I%3BBraithwaite%2C+R+J%3BBrown%2C+J%3BFoehn%2C+P+M+B%3BHaeberli%2C+W%3BHiguchi%2C+K%3BKotlyakov%2C+V+M%3BProwse%2C+T+D%3BRinaldi%2C+C+A%3BWadhams%2C+P%3BWoo%2C+M+K%3BXie%2C+Youyu&rft.aulast=Fitzharris&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0521564379&rft.btitle=The+cryosphere%3B+changes+and+their+impacts&rft.title=The+cryosphere%3B+changes+and+their+impacts&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 227 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Automated analysis of radionuclides in nuclear waste: Rapid determination of strontium-90 by sequential injection analysis AN - 13650285; 199603289 AB - A rapid, automated method for the determination of strontium-90 using a sequential injection (SI) system is described. Strontium-90 was separated from yttrium-90 and other radionuclides by sorbent extraction on a minicolumn containing EIChrom, Sr-Spec resin that selectively bound strontium-90 as a crown ether complex under acidic conditions. The strontium-90 was eluted with water, mixed with liquid scintillation cocktail and the radioactivity measured in the flow cell of the counter. The strontium-90 activity of the sample was quantified from peak areas giving linear calibration curves. The instrument was also operated in a stopped-flow mode for longer counting times. The validity of this method was demonstrated by the analysis of aged tank waste samples from the underground Hanford site. Results for the sequential injection method were in excellent agreement with those obtained using a manual method (correlation coefficient 0.994). Advantages of the sequential injection method included faster analysis (40 minutes per sample), greater precision, reduced labour costs and reduced secondary waste. There are 46 references. JF - Analytical Chemistry AU - Grate, J W AU - Strebin, R AU - Janata, J AU - Egorov, O AU - Ruzicka, J AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Wash. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 333 EP - 340 VL - 68 IS - 2 KW - Analysis KW - Cocktail KW - Instrumentation KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13650285?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Automated+analysis+of+radionuclides+in+nuclear+waste%3A+Rapid+determination+of+strontium-90+by+sequential+injection+analysis&rft.au=Grate%2C+J+W%3BStrebin%2C+R%3BJanata%2C+J%3BEgorov%2C+O%3BRuzicka%2C+J&rft.aulast=Grate&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=333&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+Chemistry&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Retention of zero-valent iron colloids by sand columns: application to chemical barrier formation AN - 13639322; 199702609 AB - The formation and use of colloidal iron as a chemical barrier to contaminant transport was examined in columns of 0.425-0.85 mm sand saturated with deionized water. Colloidal iron suspension at 1, 5 and 10 g per litre, stabilized with anionic surfactant, was injected into the sub-surface at different rates. The efficiency of the column to retain the colloids decreased as the concentration of the retained colloids increased. Retention also decreased as flows increased. Colloids were uniformly distributed throughout the 1 m long column at concentrations above 3 g per kg. Based on filtration theory, gravitational settling was the primary mechanism controlling colloid retention, while diffusion, electrostatic attraction and interception were less important. These conclusions were explained by the high density of the colloids of 7.6 g per cm3 enhancing gravitational settling, while the high flow rates, weak electrostatic charge and the small size of the colloids compared with the sand, minimized diffusion, electrostatic attraction and interception, respectively. There are 33 references. JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Kaplan, DI AU - Cantrell, K J AU - Wietsma, T W AU - Potter, MA AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Wash. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 1086 EP - 1094 VL - 25 IS - 5 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Columns KW - Reduction KW - Small size KW - Stabilization (see also fixation, solidification) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13639322?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Retention+of+zero-valent+iron+colloids+by+sand+columns%3A+application+to+chemical+barrier+formation&rft.au=Kaplan%2C+DI%3BCantrell%2C+K+J%3BWietsma%2C+T+W%3BPotter%2C+MA&rft.aulast=Kaplan&rft.aufirst=DI&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1086&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating recharge rates for a groundwater model using a GIS AN - 13637370; 199700102 AB - Defence waste is stored at the Hanford site, Wash. U.S.A. Major contaminants include tritium, nitrate, and carbon tetrachloride. It is possible that natural recharge could transport the contaminants into the groundwater. A geographical information system (GIS)-based map of estimated recharge rates was compiled using soil, vegetation and land use data, and site-specific estimates of recharge. Information on recharge rates was derived from lysimeters, water content measurements, tracer studies, and computer modelling. Recharge rates were estimated as 0.7-127.1 mm per year. The total annual recharge volume was 2-10 times higher than estimates of runoff and groundwater flow from adjacent higher elevations and was equivalent to discharges from the facility in 1992. JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Fayer, MJ AU - Gee, G W AU - Rockhold, M L AU - Freshley, MD AU - Walters, T B AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Wash. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 510 EP - 518 VL - 25 IS - 3 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Carbon tetrachloride KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13637370?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Estimating+recharge+rates+for+a+groundwater+model+using+a+GIS&rft.au=Fayer%2C+MJ%3BGee%2C+G+W%3BRockhold%2C+M+L%3BFreshley%2C+MD%3BWalters%2C+T+B&rft.aulast=Fayer&rft.aufirst=MJ&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=510&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Application. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geochemical estimates of paleorecharge in the Pasco basin: evaluation of the chloride mass balance technique AN - 13633143; 199702599 AB - The chloride mass balance technique for estimating recharge was evaluated in an area where catastrophic floods had effectively washed chloride out of sediments at the beginning of the Holocene period. The method, as applied to arid climates, used the difference between chloride concentration of the soil water and the atmospheric input as a measure of evapotranspirative enrichment. The average recharge estimates might apply to thousands of years. The rate of chloride accumulation in the sediments was determined by dividing the calculated natural fallout of chlorine-36 by the measured proportion of chlorine-36 to total chlorine in the pore water. An alternative method used the total mass of chloride in the profile divided by the length of time that atmospheric chloride had accumulated since the last flood. Results from the 2 methods were in close agreement. The proportion of water:sediment used in the extraction affected the amount of chloride removed; accurate results were obtained when the ratio was at least 2. Bromine chloride ratios were useful in distinguishing non-atmospheric sources of chloride. Recharge at the 5 sites studied was controlled principally by topography. Chloride profiles under transient meteorological conditions were examined by the generalized chloride mass balance model. This was inverted to determine the paleorecharge history for a given soil chloride profile. There are 60 references. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Murphy, E M AU - Ginn, T R AU - Phillips, J L AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Wash. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 2853 EP - 2868 VL - 32 IS - 9 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - Hydrogeochemical KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13633143?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Geochemical+estimates+of+paleorecharge+in+the+Pasco+basin%3A+evaluation+of+the+chloride+mass+balance+technique&rft.au=Murphy%2C+E+M%3BGinn%2C+T+R%3BPhillips%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=Murphy&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=2853&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Applicability of slug interference tests for hydraulic characterization of unconfined aquifers: (2) Field test examples AN - 13632554; 199702588 AB - The design, performance and analysis of slug interference tests are explained. The principle involved an instantaneous head change at the stress well and the monitoring of the slug interference at the neighbouring observation well. Analysis of the pressure response at the latter well provided estimates of aquifer characteristics. Criteria for optimal results were: elimination or compensation for stresses external to the experiment; maximization of the slug interference response; slug withdrawal tests for stress wells with static water levels at least 2 m above screened interval; slug withdrawal tests using a slugging rod of known displacement volume when static water levels were within the screened volume and the use of high resolution pressure detection equipment with a fast data acquisition system. A general analysis procedure for the results was developed. The estimates of storativity, transmissivity and vertical anisotropy were comparable with those obtained from short duration pumping tests. This suggested that the method could provide representative aquifer characteristics provided observation well distances were less than 30 m. JF - Ground Water AU - Spane, F A AU - Thorne, P D AU - Swanson, L C AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Wash. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 925 EP - 933 VL - 34 IS - 5 SN - 0017-467X, 0017-467X KW - Analysis KW - Equipment KW - Storativities KW - Stress KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13632554?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water&rft.atitle=Applicability+of+slug+interference+tests+for+hydraulic+characterization+of+unconfined+aquifers%3A+%282%29+Field+test+examples&rft.au=Spane%2C+F+A%3BThorne%2C+P+D%3BSwanson%2C+L+C&rft.aulast=Spane&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=925&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water&rft.issn=0017467X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biosorption of cadmium, cobalt, nickel and strontium by a Bacillus simplex strain isolated from the vadose zone AN - 13631293; 199704456 AB - The binding of cadmium, cobalt, nickel and strontium by a spore-forming bacterium, Bacillus simplex ZAN-044, isolated from the vadose zone of the Hanford Site in Washington State was investigated. Bacillus subtilis 168 and Escherichia coli K-12 (AB264) were compared with ZAN-044 since they are well characterized by cell wall structure and metal biosorption. There was rapid (less than 1 hour) uptake of 1 uM metal by the 3 bacteria in the decreasing order of cadmium, cobalt, nickel and strontium. Binding followed a saturation isotherm at cation concentrations from 0.1 uM to 1 mM and was pH dependent, with less binding at low pH. B. simplex ZAN-044 bound more metal than B. subtilis or E. coli demonstrating that sub-surface microorganisms could remove significant quantities of metals from solution. There are 37 references. JF - Journal of Industrial Microbiology AU - Valentine, N B AU - Bolton, H AU - Kingsley, M T AU - Drake, G R AU - Balkwill, D L AU - Plymale, A E AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Wash. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 189 EP - 196 VL - 16 IS - 3 KW - Reduction KW - Strontium KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00007:Industrial Effluents UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13631293?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Industrial+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Biosorption+of+cadmium%2C+cobalt%2C+nickel+and+strontium+by+a+Bacillus+simplex+strain+isolated+from+the+vadose+zone&rft.au=Valentine%2C+N+B%3BBolton%2C+H%3BKingsley%2C+M+T%3BDrake%2C+G+R%3BBalkwill%2C+D+L%3BPlymale%2C+A+E&rft.aulast=Valentine&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=189&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Industrial+Microbiology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The influence of bubble plumes on air-seawater gas transfer velocities AN - 13631084; 199704174 AB - The influence of bubble plumes in breaking waves on the overall liquid-phase transfer velocity (k) for air-sea gas transport was investigated in a whitecap simulation tank with a water volume of 1.7 m3. Controlled headspace experiments were facilitated by a removable cover. Breaking waves were simulated by releasing 0.02 m3 of water vertically into the tank from a tipping bucket. Fractional-area bubble plume coverage (B) was calibrated as a function of bucket volume and tip rate by video analysis of the bubble plumes. Evasive and invasive k values were obtained for air-seawater transfer of carbon dioxide, dimethyl sulphide, helium, oxygen, and sulphur hexafluoride at cleaned and surfactant-influenced water surfaces. The sensitivity of k to small changes in B even for relatively soluble gases suggested that both turbulence and bubbles were important gas transfer pathways. Both values of k were linearly correlated to B; k was a function of molecular diffusivity and solubility. Its value for bubble-driven exchange did not follow a power law dependence on the Schmidt number. An empirical model, which related k to B, diffusivity and solubility, agreed with previous modelling studies. Soluble surfactants decreased k even in the presence of breaking waves. There are 43 references. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Asher, W E AU - Karle, L M AU - Higgins, B J AU - Farley, P J AU - Monahan, E C AU - Leifer, I AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Sequim, Wash. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 12027 EP - 12041 VL - 101 IS - C5 KW - Analysis KW - Dimethyl sulphide KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Reduction KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13631084?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=The+influence+of+bubble+plumes+on+air-seawater+gas+transfer+velocities&rft.au=Asher%2C+W+E%3BKarle%2C+L+M%3BHiggins%2C+B+J%3BFarley%2C+P+J%3BMonahan%2C+E+C%3BLeifer%2C+I&rft.aulast=Asher&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=C5&rft.spage=12027&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Climate change 1995; impacts, adaptations, and mitigation; contribution of Working Group II to the second assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change; summary for policymakers AN - 52671454; 1997-074586 JF - Climate change 1995; impacts, adaptations, and mitigation; contribution of Working Group II to the second assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change; summary for policymakers AU - Watson, Robert T AU - Zinyowera, Marufu C AU - Moss, Richard H Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 22 KW - forests KW - terrestrial environment KW - medical geology KW - agriculture KW - water management KW - ecosystems KW - impacts KW - evaluation KW - mitigation KW - policy KW - ecology KW - greenhouse effect KW - water resources KW - aquatic environment KW - climate KW - changes KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52671454?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Watson%2C+Robert+T%3BZinyowera%2C+Marufu+C%3BMoss%2C+Richard+H&rft.aulast=Watson&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Climate+change+1995%3B+impacts%2C+adaptations%2C+and+mitigation%3B+contribution+of+Working+Group+II+to+the+second+assessment+report+of+the+Intergovernmental+Panel+on+Climate+Change%3B+summary+for+policymakers&rft.title=Climate+change+1995%3B+impacts%2C+adaptations%2C+and+mitigation%3B+contribution+of+Working+Group+II+to+the+second+assessment+report+of+the+Intergovernmental+Panel+on+Climate+Change%3B+summary+for+policymakers&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Availability - United Nations Environment Programme, International N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Investigation of domain motions in bacteriophage T4 lysozyme. AN - 77795554; 7702780 AB - Hinge-bending in T4 lysozyme has been inferred from single amino acid mutant crystalline allomorphs by Matthews and coworkers. This raises an important question: are the different conformers in the unit cell artifacts of crystal packing forces, or do they represent different solution state structures? The objective of this theoretical study is to determine whether domain motions and hinge-bending could be simulated in T4 lysozyme using molecular dynamics. An analysis of a 400 ps molecular dynamics simulation of the 164 amino acid enzyme T4 lysozyme is presented. Molecular dynamics calculations were computed using the Discover software package (Biosym Technologies). All hydrogen atoms were modeled explicitly with the inclusion of all 152 crystallographic waters at a temperature of 300 K. The native T4 lysozyme molecular dynamics simulation demonstrated hinge-bending in the protein. Relative domain motions between the N-terminal and C-terminal domains were evident. The enzyme hinge bending sites resulted from small changes in backbone atom conformations over several residues rather than rotation about a single bound. Two hinge foci were found in the simulation. One locus comprises residues 8-14 near the C-terminal of the A helix; the other site, residues 77-83 near the C-terminal of the C helix. Comparison of several snapshot structures from the dynamics trajectory clearly illustrates domain motions between the two lysozyme lobes. Time correlated atomic motions in the protein were analyzed using a dynamical cross-correlation map. We found a high degree of correlated atomic motions in each of the domains and, to a lesser extent, anticorrelated motions between the two domains. We also found that the hairpin loop in the N-terminal lobe (residues 19-24) acted as a mobile 'flap' and exhibited highly correlated dynamic motions across the cleft of the active site, especially with residue 142. JF - Journal of biomolecular structure & dynamics AU - Arnold, G E AU - Manchester, J I AU - Townsend, B D AU - Ornstein, R L AD - Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352. Y1 - 1994/10// PY - 1994 DA - October 1994 SP - 457 EP - 474 VL - 12 IS - 2 SN - 0739-1102, 0739-1102 KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - 0 KW - Muramidase KW - EC 3.2.1.17 KW - Index Medicus KW - Mutagenesis, Site-Directed KW - Software KW - Bacteriophage T4 -- enzymology KW - Computer Simulation KW - Thermodynamics KW - Models, Molecular KW - Crystallography, X-Ray KW - Recombinant Proteins -- chemistry KW - Protein Structure, Secondary KW - Muramidase -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77795554?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+biomolecular+structure+%26+dynamics&rft.atitle=Investigation+of+domain+motions+in+bacteriophage+T4+lysozyme.&rft.au=Arnold%2C+G+E%3BManchester%2C+J+I%3BTownsend%2C+B+D%3BOrnstein%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Arnold&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1994-10-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=457&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+biomolecular+structure+%26+dynamics&rft.issn=07391102&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-05-08 N1 - Date created - 1995-05-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Geochemical kinetics and transport coupling in hydrogeologic systems AN - 1328502035; 2013-031040 JF - AGU Chapman conference on Hydrogeologic processes; building and testing atomistic- to basin-scale models AU - Steefel, Carl I AU - Torgersen, Thomas Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 11 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC KW - scale factor KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - coupling KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - heterogeneity KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - equilibrium KW - ground water KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328502035?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Steefel%2C+Carl+I%3BTorgersen%2C+Thomas&rft.aulast=Steefel&rft.aufirst=Carl&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Geochemical+kinetics+and+transport+coupling+in+hydrogeologic+systems&rft.title=Geochemical+kinetics+and+transport+coupling+in+hydrogeologic+systems&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - AGU Chapman conference on Hydrogeologic processes; building and testing atomistic- to basin-scale models N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Linking quantum mechanics, molecular dynamics and thermodynamics; estimating the surface protonation of goethite AN - 1328502026; 2013-031037 JF - AGU Chapman conference on Hydrogeologic processes; building and testing atomistic- to basin-scale models AU - Felmy, A R AU - Rustad, J R AU - Sherman, D M AU - Torgersen, Thomas Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 10 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC KW - iron oxides KW - goethite KW - affinities KW - amorphous materials KW - quantum mechanics KW - oxyhydroxides KW - iron oxyhydroxides KW - adsorption KW - protons KW - hydroxides KW - oxides KW - molecular dynamics KW - thermodynamic properties KW - geochemistry KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328502026?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Felmy%2C+A+R%3BRustad%2C+J+R%3BSherman%2C+D+M%3BTorgersen%2C+Thomas&rft.aulast=Felmy&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Linking+quantum+mechanics%2C+molecular+dynamics+and+thermodynamics%3B+estimating+the+surface+protonation+of+goethite&rft.title=Linking+quantum+mechanics%2C+molecular+dynamics+and+thermodynamics%3B+estimating+the+surface+protonation+of+goethite&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - AGU Chapman conference on Hydrogeologic processes; building and testing atomistic- to basin-scale models N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The involvement of modern theoretical methods to study atomic scale phenomena of geochemical importance AN - 1328502010; 2013-031049 JF - AGU Chapman conference on Hydrogeologic processes; building and testing atomistic- to basin-scale models AU - Hess, A C AU - Torgersen, Thomas Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC KW - scale factor KW - atomic scale KW - quantum mechanics KW - theoretical models KW - molecular dynamics KW - geochemistry KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328502010?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Hess%2C+A+C%3BTorgersen%2C+Thomas&rft.aulast=Hess&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+involvement+of+modern+theoretical+methods+to+study+atomic+scale+phenomena+of+geochemical+importance&rft.title=The+involvement+of+modern+theoretical+methods+to+study+atomic+scale+phenomena+of+geochemical+importance&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - AGU Chapman conference on Hydrogeologic processes; building and testing atomistic- to basin-scale models N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Stochastic convective transport with nonlinear bioreaction in heterogeneous media AN - 1328501624; 2013-031077 JF - AGU Chapman conference on Hydrogeologic processes; building and testing atomistic- to basin-scale models AU - Ginn, T R AU - Simmons, C S AU - Wood, B D AU - Murphy, E M AU - Torgersen, Thomas Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 22 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC KW - spatial variations KW - heterogeneous materials KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - stochastic processes KW - one-dimensional models KW - traveltime KW - bioreactors KW - convection KW - geochemistry KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328501624?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Ginn%2C+T+R%3BSimmons%2C+C+S%3BWood%2C+B+D%3BMurphy%2C+E+M%3BTorgersen%2C+Thomas&rft.aulast=Ginn&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Stochastic+convective+transport+with+nonlinear+bioreaction+in+heterogeneous+media&rft.title=Stochastic+convective+transport+with+nonlinear+bioreaction+in+heterogeneous+media&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - AGU Chapman conference on Hydrogeologic processes; building and testing atomistic- to basin-scale models N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In situ vitrification as remedial for radioactive waste sites at Oak Ridge National Laboratory AN - 51765169; 2005-005865 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Jacobs, G K AU - Spalding, B P AU - Carter, J G AU - Koegler, S S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1988 PY - 1988 DA - 1988 SP - 278 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 20 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - technology KW - vitrification KW - Tennessee KW - pollution KW - waste disposal KW - remediation KW - radioactive waste KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51765169?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=In+situ+vitrification+as+remedial+for+radioactive+waste+sites+at+Oak+Ridge+National+Laboratory&rft.au=Jacobs%2C+G+K%3BSpalding%2C+B+P%3BCarter%2C+J+G%3BKoegler%2C+S+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Jacobs&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1988-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=278&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America 1988 centennial celebration N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Oak Ridge National Laboratory; pollution; radioactive waste; remediation; technology; Tennessee; United States; vitrification; waste disposal ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Analysis of Nitrogen Containing Organic Compounds in Biomass Burning Aerosols Using High Resolution Mass Spectrometry AN - 21226953; 11773098 AB - Chemical characterization of atmospheric aerosols presents a serious analytical challenge because of the complexity of particulate matter analyte composed of a large number of compounds with a wide range of molecular structures, physico-chemical properties, and reactivity. In this study the chemical composition of the nitrogen containing organic (NOC) constituents of biomass burning aerosol (BBA) samples is characterized by high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI/MS). Accurate mass measurements combined with MS/MS fragmentation experiments of selected ions were used to assign molecular structures to individual NOC species. Our results indicate that N-heterocyclic alkaloid compounds - species naturally produced by plants and living organisms - comprise a substantial fraction of NOC in BBA samples collected from test burns of five biomass fuels. High abundance of alkaloids in test burns of ponderosa pine - a widespread tree in the western U.S. areas frequently affected by large scale fires - suggests that N-heterocyclic alkaloids in BBA may play a significant role in dry and wet deposition of fixed nitrogen in this region. Atmospheric processing and chemical transformations of alkaloids in the particulate phase will be discussed. JF - Proceedings of the 2009 American Geophysical Union Joint Assemby AU - Laskin, A AU - Smith, J S AU - Laskin, J PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 USA, [URL:http://www.agu.org] KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21226953?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Ecology+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Laskin%2C+A%3BSmith%2C+J+S%3BLaskin%2C+J&rft.aulast=Laskin&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Analysis+of+Nitrogen+Containing+Organic+Compounds+in+Biomass+Burning+Aerosols+Using+High+Resolution+Mass+Spectrometry&rft.title=Analysis+of+Nitrogen+Containing+Organic+Compounds+in+Biomass+Burning+Aerosols+Using+High+Resolution+Mass+Spectrometry&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - A23B-03 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experimental characterization of glass-ceramic seal properties and their constitutive implementation in solid oxide fuel cell stack models AN - 20690536; 10238571 AB - This paper discusses experimental determination of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) glass-ceramic seal material properties and seal/interconnect interfacial properties to support development and optimization of SOFC designs through modeling. Material property experiments such as dynamic resonance, dilatometry, flexure, creep, tensile, and shear tests were performed on PNNL's glass-ceramic sealant material, designated as G18, to obtain property data essential to constitutive and numerical model development. Characterization methods for the physical, mechanical, and interfacial properties of the sealing material, results, and their application to the constitutive implementation in SOFC stack modeling are described. JF - Journal of Power Sources AU - Stephens, E V AU - Vetrano, J S AU - Koeppel, B J AU - Chou, Y AU - Sun, X AU - Khaleel, MA AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA, moe.khaleel@pnl.gov SP - 625 EP - 631 PB - Elesevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [URL:http://www.elsevier.com/] VL - 193 IS - 20090900 SN - 0378-7753, 0378-7753 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Fuel technology KW - seals KW - Mathematical models KW - creep KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20690536?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.atitle=Experimental+characterization+of+glass-ceramic+seal+properties+and+their+constitutive+implementation+in+solid+oxide+fuel+cell+stack+models&rft.au=Stephens%2C+E+V%3BVetrano%2C+J+S%3BKoeppel%2C+B+J%3BChou%2C+Y%3BSun%2C+X%3BKhaleel%2C+MA&rft.aulast=Stephens&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=&rft.volume=193&rft.issue=20090900&rft.spage=625&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.issn=03787753&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jpowsour.2009.02.080 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - seals; Fuel technology; Mathematical models; creep DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2009.02.080 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interactions of nickel/zirconia solid oxide fuel cell anodes with coal gas containing arsenic AN - 20690394; 10238583 AB - The performance of anode-supported and electrolyte-supported solid oxide fuel cells was investigated in synthetic coal gas containing 0-10 ppm arsenic at 700-800 degree C. Arsenic was found to interact strongly with nickel, resulting in the formation of nickel-arsenic solid solution, Ni sub(5)As sub(2) and Ni sub(11)As sub(8), depending on temperature, arsenic concentration, and reaction time. For anode-supported cells, loss of electrical connectivity in the anode support was the principal mode of degradation, as nickel was converted to nickel arsenide phases that migrated to the surface to form large grains. Cell failure occurred well before the entire anode was converted to nickel arsenide, and followed a reciprocal square root of arsenic partial pressure dependence that is consistent with a diffusion-based rate-limiting step. Failure occurred more quickly with electrolyte-supported cells, which have a substantially smaller nickel inventory. For these cells, time to failure varied linearly with the reciprocal arsenic concentration. Failure occurred when arsenic reached the anode/electrolyte interface, though agglomeration of nickel reaction products may have also contributed. Test performed with nickel/zirconia coupons showed that arsenic was essentially completely captured in a narrow band near the fuel gas inlet. Arsenic concentrations of [not, vert, similar]10 ppb or less are estimated to result in acceptable rates of fuel cell degradation. JF - Journal of Power Sources AU - Coyle, CA AU - Marina, O A AU - Thomsen, E C AU - Edwards, D J AU - Cramer, C D AU - Coffey, G W AU - Pederson, L R AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA, larry.pederson@pnl.gov SP - 730 EP - 738 PB - Elesevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [URL:http://www.elsevier.com/] VL - 193 IS - 20090900 SN - 0378-7753, 0378-7753 KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Fuel technology KW - Degradation KW - Fuels KW - Nickel KW - Coal KW - Arsenic KW - Temperature KW - electrolytes KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - EE 70:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20690394?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.atitle=Interactions+of+nickel%2Fzirconia+solid+oxide+fuel+cell+anodes+with+coal+gas+containing+arsenic&rft.au=Coyle%2C+CA%3BMarina%2C+O+A%3BThomsen%2C+E+C%3BEdwards%2C+D+J%3BCramer%2C+C+D%3BCoffey%2C+G+W%3BPederson%2C+L+R&rft.aulast=Coyle&rft.aufirst=CA&rft.date=&rft.volume=193&rft.issue=20090900&rft.spage=730&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.issn=03787753&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jpowsour.2009.04.042 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Arsenic; Nickel; Fuel technology; Degradation; Coal; Temperature; Fuels; electrolytes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2009.04.042 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Standard guide for building indoor dispersion analysis, modeling and health effect assessment AN - 20388339; 6757268 AB - We are developing a standard guide that delineates a general approach for determining the health effects of the occupants of mechanically ventilated structures exposed to an intentional release of airborne chemical or biological agents, radiological materials, or an accidental release of toxic industrial chemicals or materials in or near a building. This Practice/Guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E54 and is the direct responsibility of the E54.02 Subcommittee. This requires an understanding of building air flow characteristics and processes to calculate the agent concentration profiles throughout a structure based on agent fate and transport. Such analysis may take the form of equations, algorithms, combinations of equations/algorithms, or a fully developed building model to calculate inter-zonal airflow, contaminant concentration, and exposure. The standard guide is intended to provide the user with guiding principles to prepare for, respond to, and/or recover from an incident involving the overt or covert release of chemical agents, biological agents, or radioactive materials in or near a building with subsequent dispersion of that agent throughout the building. Preparation may include threat vulnerability, protection assessments, and emergency response planning and training. Response can include decision aides to help first responders. Recovery would include occupant treatment, forensics, detailed characterization, and remediation. The guidance will present assessment, analysis, and modeling options that provide assessments ranging from fast, coarse, and qualitative to slower, refined, and quantitative. JF - ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE AND HEALTH. AU - Stenner, R D AU - Hadley, D L AU - Fenton, G A A2 - Aral, MM A2 - Brebbia, CA A2 - Sinks, T A2 - Maslia, ML (eds) SP - 9 EP - 63 PB - Computational Mechanics Inc., 25 Bridge St. Billerica MA 01821 USA, [URL:http://www.cmp.co.uk] KW - Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Bioremediation KW - Ventilation KW - Indoor air pollution KW - Radioactive materials KW - Pollution effects KW - Environmental health KW - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20388339?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Pollution+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Stenner%2C+R+D%3BHadley%2C+D+L%3BFenton%2C+G+A&rft.aulast=Stenner&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=55&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Standard+guide+for+building+indoor+dispersion+analysis%2C+modeling+and+health+effect+assessment&rft.title=Standard+guide+for+building+indoor+dispersion+analysis%2C+modeling+and+health+effect+assessment&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Enhancing soil humification: Insights from a model system AN - 19342174; 7087051 AB - Our research has focused on understanding the fundamental process by which humus is created (i.e., humification) and extending this knowledge to enhance the rate of humification. The rate-limiting step in the humification process appears to be the oxidation of polyphenols to quinones. These quinones then react with peptides and amino acids to form large melanin-like polymers that resist further degradation by microorganisms. Soil fungi produce enzymes such as polyphenol oxidases and laccases that catalyze the oxidation step. Soil minerals, such as iron and manganese oxides, can also perform this function. We have observed a significant synergetic effect when a polyphenol oxidase (tyrosinase) and a mineral phase (e.g., mesoporous silica, manganese oxide, alkaline fly ash) are both present. As soil enzyme activity depends on structural conformation, and longevity depends on protection from microbial predation, we are examining the nature of enzyme attachment to soil particles and the impact of physical properties such as pore size on activity and longevity. This presentation summarizes our laboratory results obtained using a model tyrosinase-enzyme-based reaction system. We perturbed the system by adding various co-catalysts and by changing the availability of oxygen and moisture. Our results yield insights into reaction mechanisms and suggest possible management strategies for enhancing soil-C sequestration. We conclude that co-catalysis of humification occurs by three mechanisms involving physical stabilization of tyrosinase, direct oxidation of the monomers, and promotion of the oxidation and condensation steps by alkaline pH. Although tyrosinase activity is greatest at neutral pHs, the large pH dependence of the condensation step drives the overall reaction to maximum rates under alkaline conditions. Liming of soils to slightly alkaline pH should enhance net carbon sequestration. Alkaline fly ash is a potential liming agent for soils, provided that the carbon costs associated with transportation from the source are less than the organic carbon that is humified. Soils that contain carbonate require flyash with relatively high-unburned C content (charcoal residual) to sustain a net positive sequestration. The porous charcoal residue provides sorption sites for the enzyme and for the organic monomers involved, which otherwise would attack and dissolve soil carbonates. JF - GREENHOUSE GASES & CARBON SEQUESTRATION IN AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY. AU - Amonette, JE AU - Kim, J B AU - Garten, C T AU - Trettin, C C AU - Arvidson, R S AU - Luttge, A PB - Kansas State University KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Pollution Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Charcoal KW - Agriculture KW - Predation KW - Catechol oxidase KW - Models KW - Soil microorganisms KW - Soil KW - Carbon sequestration KW - Alkaline KW - Reaction mechanisms KW - Carbon KW - carbon sinks KW - Humus KW - oxides KW - Manganese KW - pH effects KW - pH KW - Forestry KW - Sorption KW - Amino acids KW - Liming KW - Enzymes KW - Fly ash KW - Humification KW - Longevity KW - Monophenol monooxygenase KW - Monomers KW - Pores KW - Quinone KW - Oxidation KW - Microorganisms KW - Condensation KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Minerals KW - carbonates KW - Iron KW - K 03330:Biochemistry KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - A 01390:Forestry KW - M3 1110:Atmosphere UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19342174?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Sustainability+Science+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Amonette%2C+JE%3BKim%2C+J+B%3BGarten%2C+C+T%3BTrettin%2C+C+C%3BArvidson%2C+R+S%3BLuttge%2C+A&rft.aulast=Amonette&rft.aufirst=JE&rft.date=&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Enhancing+soil+humification%3A+Insights+from+a+model+system&rft.title=Enhancing+soil+humification%3A+Insights+from+a+model+system&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Automated aerosol sampling and analysis for the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty AN - 17098703; 4403399 AB - Detecting nuclear debris from a nuclear weapon exploded in or substantially vented to the Earth's atmosphere constitutes the most certain indication that a violation of the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty has occurred. For this reason, a radionuclide portion of the International Monitoring System is being designed and implemented. The IMS will monitor aerosols and gaseous xenon isotopes to detect atmospheric and underground tests, respectively. The monitoring network will be composed of a number of manual or automatic stations which have the capacity to sample large volumes of air each day and make sensitive gamma-ray spectroscopy measurements of the samples collected. In addition, a number of Certified Laboratories will perform confirmatory measurements on samples that show detectable quantities of fission products. This may be accomplished by measuring (instrumentally or by radiochemical means) certain isotopes which discriminate weapons debris from reactor accidents and other releases of fission products. An automated system, the Radionuclide Aerosol Sampler/Analyzer (RASA), has been developed at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory to meet CTBT aerosol measurement requirements. This is achieved by the use of a novel sampling apparatus, a high-resolution germanium detector, and very sophisticated software. This system draws a large volume of air ( similar to 20,000 m super(3)/day), performs automated gamma-ray spectral measurements (MDC( super(140)Ba) < 30 mu Bq/m super(3)), and communicates this and other data to a central data facility. Automated systems offer the added benefit of rigid controls, easily implemented QA/QC procedures, and centralized depot maintenance and operation. Other types of automated communication include pull or push transmission of State-Of-Health data, commands, and configuration data. In addition, a graphical user interface, Telnet, and other interactive communications are supported over ordinary phone or network lines. This system has been the subject of a USAF commercialization effort to meet US CTBT monitoring commitments. It will also be available to other CTBT signatories and the monitoring community for various governmental, environmental, or commercial needs. The current status of the commercialization will be discussed. JF - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science AU - Miley, H S AU - Bowyer, S M AU - Hubbard, C W AU - McKinnon, AD AU - Perkins, R W AU - Thompson, R C AU - Warner, R A AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, USA SP - 1034 EP - 1039 VL - 45 IS - 3 SN - 0018-9499, 0018-9499 KW - Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Aerosols KW - Nuclear weapons KW - International agreements KW - Air sampling KW - Radioisotopes KW - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety KW - P 8000:RADIATION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17098703?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IEEE+Transactions+on+Nuclear+Science&rft.atitle=Automated+aerosol+sampling+and+analysis+for+the+Comprehensive+Test+Ban+Treaty&rft.au=Miley%2C+H+S%3BBowyer%2C+S+M%3BHubbard%2C+C+W%3BMcKinnon%2C+AD%3BPerkins%2C+R+W%3BThompson%2C+R+C%3BWarner%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Miley&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1034&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=IEEE+Transactions+on+Nuclear+Science&rft.issn=00189499&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Radioisotopes; Nuclear weapons; International agreements; Aerosols; Air sampling ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Closely Coupled Multiscale Model in Predicting Mechanical Deformation Behavior of Polycrystalline Materials T2 - 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress & Exposition (ASME 2013) AN - 1504730528; 6269637 JF - 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress & Exposition (ASME 2013) AU - Li, Dongsheng KW - Deformation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1504730528?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+International+Mechanical+Engineering+Congress+%26+Exposition+%28ASME+2013%29&rft.atitle=Closely+Coupled+Multiscale+Model+in+Predicting+Mechanical+Deformation+Behavior+of+Polycrystalline+Materials&rft.au=Li%2C+Dongsheng&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Dongsheng&rft.date=&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+International+Mechanical+Engineering+Congress+%26+Exposition+%28ASME+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.asmeconferences.org/Congress2013//pdfs/FinalProgram.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-28 N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-07 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Dynamic Structure Determination of Nanoparticles in Heterogeneous Ensembles Using High Throughout Fluctuation X-Ray Scattering T2 - 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress & Exposition (ASME 2013) AN - 1504729211; 6269360 JF - 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress & Exposition (ASME 2013) AU - Li, Dongsheng KW - nanoparticles UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1504729211?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+International+Mechanical+Engineering+Congress+%26+Exposition+%28ASME+2013%29&rft.atitle=Dynamic+Structure+Determination+of+Nanoparticles+in+Heterogeneous+Ensembles+Using+High+Throughout+Fluctuation+X-Ray+Scattering&rft.au=Li%2C+Dongsheng&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Dongsheng&rft.date=&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+International+Mechanical+Engineering+Congress+%26+Exposition+%28ASME+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.asmeconferences.org/Congress2013//pdfs/FinalProgram.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-28 N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-07 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Instrumentation to Monitor Transient Periodic Developing Flow in Non-Newtonian Slurries T2 - 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress & Exposition (ASME 2013) AN - 1504726613; 6268719 JF - 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress & Exposition (ASME 2013) AU - Bamberger, Judith AU - Enderlin, Carl KW - Slurries UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1504726613?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2013+International+Mechanical+Engineering+Congress+%26+Exposition+%28ASME+2013%29&rft.atitle=Instrumentation+to+Monitor+Transient+Periodic+Developing+Flow+in+Non-Newtonian+Slurries&rft.au=Bamberger%2C+Judith%3BEnderlin%2C+Carl&rft.aulast=Bamberger&rft.aufirst=Judith&rft.date=&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2013+International+Mechanical+Engineering+Congress+%26+Exposition+%28ASME+2013%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.asmeconferences.org/Congress2013//pdfs/FinalProgram.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-02-28 N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-07 ER -