TY - JOUR T1 - Changes in snowmelt runoff timing in Western North America under a "business as usual" climate change scenario AN - 51510162; 2007-007208 JF - Climatic Change AU - Stewart, Iris T AU - Cayan, Daniel R AU - Dettinger, Michael D A2 - Pennell, William A2 - Barnett, Tim Y1 - 2004/02// PY - 2004 DA - February 2004 SP - 217 EP - 232 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 62 IS - 1-3 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - United States KW - North America KW - geologic hazards KW - water management KW - Parallel Climate Model KW - western North America KW - climate change KW - modern KW - Canada KW - Western U.S. KW - regional KW - future KW - snow KW - runoff KW - floods KW - Western Canada KW - seasonal variations KW - water resources KW - Rocky Mountains KW - climate KW - meltwater KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51510162?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=Changes+in+snowmelt+runoff+timing+in+Western+North+America+under+a+%22business+as+usual%22+climate+change+scenario&rft.au=Stewart%2C+Iris+T%3BCayan%2C+Daniel+R%3BDettinger%2C+Michael+D&rft.aulast=Stewart&rft.aufirst=Iris&rft.date=2004-02-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=217&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hc4pmh453vbxpeaygjkevi45)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100247,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CLCHDX N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Canada; climate; climate change; floods; future; geologic hazards; meltwater; modern; North America; Parallel Climate Model; regional; Rocky Mountains; runoff; seasonal variations; snow; United States; water management; water resources; Western Canada; western North America; Western U.S. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effects of climate change on water resources in the West AN - 51509390; 2007-007204 JF - Climatic Change A2 - Pennell, William A2 - Barnett, Tim Y1 - 2004/02// PY - 2004 DA - February 2004 SP - 1 EP - 418 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 62 IS - 1-3 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - United States KW - water supply KW - Western U.S. KW - climate effects KW - water resources KW - climate change KW - climate KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51509390?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-02-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+effects+of+climate+change+on+water+resources+in+the+West&rft.title=The+effects+of+climate+change+on+water+resources+in+the+West&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hc4pmh453vbxpeaygjkevi45)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100247,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Individual papers within scope are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CLCHDX N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - climate; climate change; climate effects; United States; water resources; water supply; Western U.S. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mitigating the effects of climate change on the water resources of the Columbia River basin AN - 51509234; 2007-007205 JF - Climatic Change AU - Payne, Jeffrey T AU - Wood, Andrew W AU - Hamlet, Alan F AU - Palmer, Richard N AU - Lettenmaier, Dennis P A2 - Pennell, William A2 - Barnett, Tim Y1 - 2004/02// PY - 2004 DA - February 2004 SP - 233 EP - 256 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 62 IS - 1-3 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - United States KW - data processing KW - coupling KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - climate change KW - Oregon KW - mitigation KW - hydrologic cycle KW - future KW - Columbia River basin KW - snow KW - digital simulation KW - climate effects KW - greenhouse effect KW - Nevada KW - Idaho KW - general circulation models KW - Washington KW - reservoirs KW - prediction KW - Parallel Climate Model KW - British Columbia KW - Montana KW - gases KW - Wyoming KW - Canada KW - regional KW - Western Canada KW - Utah KW - seasonal variations KW - land-atmosphere-ocean models KW - water resources KW - meltwater KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51509234?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=Mitigating+the+effects+of+climate+change+on+the+water+resources+of+the+Columbia+River+basin&rft.au=Payne%2C+Jeffrey+T%3BWood%2C+Andrew+W%3BHamlet%2C+Alan+F%3BPalmer%2C+Richard+N%3BLettenmaier%2C+Dennis+P&rft.aulast=Payne&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rft.date=2004-02-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=233&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hc4pmh453vbxpeaygjkevi45)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100247,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 32 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) Contrib. No. 922 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CLCHDX N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmospheric precipitation; British Columbia; Canada; climate change; climate effects; Columbia River basin; coupling; data processing; digital simulation; future; gases; general circulation models; greenhouse effect; hydrologic cycle; Idaho; land-atmosphere-ocean models; meltwater; mitigation; Montana; Nevada; Oregon; Parallel Climate Model; prediction; regional; reservoirs; seasonal variations; snow; United States; Utah; Washington; water resources; Western Canada; Wyoming ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potential implications of PCM climate change scenarios for Sacramento-San Joaquin River basin hydrology and water resources AN - 51508807; 2007-007206 JF - Climatic Change AU - Vanrheenen, Nathan T AU - Wood, Andrew W AU - Palmer, Richard N AU - Lettenmaier, Dennis P A2 - Pennell, William A2 - Barnett, Tim Y1 - 2004/02// PY - 2004 DA - February 2004 SP - 257 EP - 281 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 62 IS - 1-3 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - United States KW - general circulation models KW - water management KW - Parallel Climate Model KW - climate change KW - modern KW - Central Valley KW - California KW - Sacramento Basin KW - infiltration KW - future KW - snow KW - San Joaquin Basin KW - drainage basins KW - climate effects KW - seasonal variations KW - water resources KW - climate KW - meltwater KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51508807?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=Potential+implications+of+PCM+climate+change+scenarios+for+Sacramento-San+Joaquin+River+basin+hydrology+and+water+resources&rft.au=Vanrheenen%2C+Nathan+T%3BWood%2C+Andrew+W%3BPalmer%2C+Richard+N%3BLettenmaier%2C+Dennis+P&rft.aulast=Vanrheenen&rft.aufirst=Nathan&rft.date=2004-02-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=257&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hc4pmh453vbxpeaygjkevi45)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100247,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 32 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) Contrib. No. 923 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CLCHDX N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; Central Valley; climate; climate change; climate effects; drainage basins; future; general circulation models; infiltration; meltwater; modern; Parallel Climate Model; Sacramento Basin; San Joaquin Basin; seasonal variations; snow; United States; water management; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effects of climate change on the hydrology and water resources of the Colorado River basin AN - 51508550; 2007-007209 JF - Climatic Change AU - Christensen, Niklas S AU - Wood, Andrew W AU - Voisin, Nathalie AU - Lettenmaier, Dennis P AU - Palmer, Richard N A2 - Pennell, William A2 - Barnett, Tim Y1 - 2004/02// PY - 2004 DA - February 2004 SP - 337 EP - 363 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 62 IS - 1-3 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - United States KW - water storage KW - Colorado River basin KW - water management KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - New Mexico KW - climate change KW - modern KW - hydrologic cycle KW - climate effects KW - Nevada KW - climate KW - hydrology KW - reservoirs KW - Colorado Plateau KW - Wyoming KW - Mexico KW - streamflow KW - planning KW - runoff KW - Arizona KW - Utah KW - Colorado KW - water resources KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51508550?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=The+effects+of+climate+change+on+the+hydrology+and+water+resources+of+the+Colorado+River+basin&rft.au=Christensen%2C+Niklas+S%3BWood%2C+Andrew+W%3BVoisin%2C+Nathalie%3BLettenmaier%2C+Dennis+P%3BPalmer%2C+Richard+N&rft.aulast=Christensen&rft.aufirst=Niklas&rft.date=2004-02-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=337&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hc4pmh453vbxpeaygjkevi45)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100247,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CLCHDX N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Arizona; atmospheric precipitation; climate; climate change; climate effects; Colorado; Colorado Plateau; Colorado River basin; hydrologic cycle; hydrology; Mexico; modern; Nevada; New Mexico; planning; reservoirs; runoff; streamflow; United States; Utah; water management; water resources; water storage; Wyoming ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simulated hydrologic responses to climate variations and change in the Merced, Carson, and American River Basins, Sierra Nevada, California, 1900-2099 AN - 51508108; 2007-007207 JF - Climatic Change AU - Dettinger, Michael D AU - Cayan, Daniel R AU - Meyer, Mary K AU - Jeton, Anne E A2 - Pennell, William A2 - Barnett, Tim Y1 - 2004/02// PY - 2004 DA - February 2004 SP - 283 EP - 317 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 62 IS - 1-3 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - United States KW - Sierra Nevada KW - data processing KW - global change KW - climate change KW - modern KW - California KW - hydrologic cycle KW - American River basin KW - snow KW - digital simulation KW - drainage basins KW - diurnal variations KW - Carson River basin KW - climate KW - global warming KW - Placer County California KW - hydrology KW - general circulation models KW - monthly variations KW - annual variations KW - Parallel Climate Model KW - Mariposa County California KW - runoff KW - Yosemite National Park KW - Merced River basin KW - meltwater KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51508108?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=Simulated+hydrologic+responses+to+climate+variations+and+change+in+the+Merced%2C+Carson%2C+and+American+River+Basins%2C+Sierra+Nevada%2C+California%2C+1900-2099&rft.au=Dettinger%2C+Michael+D%3BCayan%2C+Daniel+R%3BMeyer%2C+Mary+K%3BJeton%2C+Anne+E&rft.aulast=Dettinger&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2004-02-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=283&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hc4pmh453vbxpeaygjkevi45)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100247,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 43 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CLCHDX N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - American River basin; annual variations; California; Carson River basin; climate; climate change; data processing; digital simulation; diurnal variations; drainage basins; general circulation models; global change; global warming; hydrologic cycle; hydrology; Mariposa County California; meltwater; Merced River basin; modern; monthly variations; Parallel Climate Model; Placer County California; runoff; Sierra Nevada; snow; United States; Yosemite National Park ER - TY - BOOK T1 - International Cooperation on Environmental Issues in the Puget Sound/Georgia Basin: What Environmental Issues Could Threaten Regional Security? AN - 18040176; 5870660 AB - Security is a growing concern worldwide, and homeland security has captured the attention of the United States over the past year and a half. In addition, awareness of the concept of environmental security--the notion that environmental degradation may have security implications--has been growing over the past decade. Internationally, environmental issues have direct links to security, as evidenced by the Middle East water disputes. While environmental security has not historically been a topic of major concern within the national boundaries of the United States or Canada, the environmental and development challenges that we're facing in the Puget Sound/Georgia Basin (PS/GB), coupled with this growing concern for security, prompted a query to consider whether environmental or natural resource problems could pose a serious threat to regional cooperation or stability in the PS/GB and, hence, deserve more attention from regional decision-makers. This discussion is expected to provide a useful focus for future collaboration and integration in the PS/GB. JF - 2003 Georgia Basin/Puget Sound Resarch Conference Proceedings AU - Lesperance, A AU - Judd, K AU - Peterson, N A2 - Droscher, TW A2 - Fraser, DA (eds) Y1 - 2004/02// PY - 2004 DA - February 2004 PB - Puget Sound Action Team, PO Box 40900 Olympia WA 98504 USA KW - national security KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - International cooperation KW - Natural resources KW - Environmental impact KW - INE, USA, Washington, Puget Sound KW - Disputes KW - Resource development KW - INE, Canada, British Columbia, Georgia Basin KW - National planning KW - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation KW - Q1 08121:Law, policy, economics and social sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18040176?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Aquatic+Science+%26+Fisheries+Abstracts+%28ASFA%29+3%3A+Aquatic+Pollution+%26+Environmental+Quality&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Lesperance%2C+A%3BJudd%2C+K%3BPeterson%2C+N&rft.aulast=Lesperance&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2004-02-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=International+Cooperation+on+Environmental+Issues+in+the+Puget+Sound%2FGeorgia+Basin%3A+What+Environmental+Issues+Could+Threaten+Regional+Security%3F&rft.title=International+Cooperation+on+Environmental+Issues+in+the+Puget+Sound%2FGeorgia+Basin%3A+What+Environmental+Issues+Could+Threaten+Regional+Security%3F&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-21 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Assessing Overwater Structure-related Predation on Juvenile Salmon: A Field Study and Protocol for Weighing the Evidence AN - 18033947; 5870797 AB - Large overwater structures have often been cited as potential migratory barriers and areas of increased predation for juvenile salmon migrating along shallow shoreline habitats, although conclusive evidence has not been demonstrated to date in situ. To help resolve this issue, Washington State Ferries (WSF) sponsored directed research to determine whether WSF terminals affect predation on juvenile salmon. We used a combination of standardized surveys, stomach content analyses, and new observational technologies to assess fish, avian, and mammal predation on salmon fry at ferry terminals and paired reference sites during periods of pre- (early April) and peak (May) outmigration. We observed no significant aggregation of potential bird or mammal predators at six ferry terminal study sites. Few potential fish predators were documented in SCUBA surveys, beach seines, or with a Dual frequency IDentification SONar (DIDSON) camera at Mukilteo, our single underwater study location. Only one instance of salmon predation by fish (staghorn sculpin - Leptocottus armatus) was confirmed, and this was at the corresponding reference site. A tiered protocol (Minimum/Recommended/Preferred actions) was developed for assessing potential predation at other overwater structures. Likewise, recommendations were developed for incorporating design features into WSF terminal improvement projects that could minimize future impacts. JF - 2003 Georgia Basin/Puget Sound Resarch Conference Proceedings AU - Williams, G D AU - Thom, R M AU - Southard, JA AU - Sargeant, S L AU - Shreffler, D K AU - Stamey, M A2 - Droscher, TW A2 - Fraser, DA (eds) Y1 - 2004/02// PY - 2004 DA - February 2004 PB - Puget Sound Action Team, PO Box 40900 Olympia WA 98504 USA KW - Pacific staghorn sculpin KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Juveniles KW - Interspecific relationships KW - Predation KW - Stock assessment KW - Analytical techniques KW - Leptocottus armatus KW - Port installations KW - Ferry terminals KW - Q1 08483:Species interactions: general KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18033947?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Aquatic+Science+%26+Fisheries+Abstracts+%28ASFA%29+3%3A+Aquatic+Pollution+%26+Environmental+Quality&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Williams%2C+G+D%3BThom%2C+R+M%3BSouthard%2C+JA%3BSargeant%2C+S+L%3BShreffler%2C+D+K%3BStamey%2C+M&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2004-02-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Assessing+Overwater+Structure-related+Predation+on+Juvenile+Salmon%3A+A+Field+Study+and+Protocol+for+Weighing+the+Evidence&rft.title=Assessing+Overwater+Structure-related+Predation+on+Juvenile+Salmon%3A+A+Field+Study+and+Protocol+for+Weighing+the+Evidence&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-21 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Conceptual Models as a Tool for Assessing, Restoring, and Managing Puget Sound Habitats and Resources AN - 18028694; 5870771 AB - The City of Bainbridge Island is conducting a seminal nearshore characterization and assessment project funded through the Salmon Recovery Funding Board. The primary objective of this effort is to provide baseline data upon which to develop and implement nearshore management strategies (including restoration and preservation) and measure management success. A science-based conceptual framework was used to characterize the status of shoreline ecological functions based upon systematic evaluations of shoreline modifications, controlling factors, habitat structure, and habitat processes. Approximately 48.5 miles of shoreline was broken down into nine management units (based on drift cell knowledge) and each unit was analyzed by reach (based on the WADNR ShoreZone Inventory). Digital data, including the Bainbridge Island Nearshore Structure Inventory, was quantified using GIS which was in turn used to conduct a qualitative (3-tier) assessment using defensible, systematic matrices. The qualified measures were based on quantified parameters derived from the literature, current and historical shoreline photos, and expert opinion. This information was synthesized to determine human impacts, locating critical areas for protection or restoration, and identifying nearshore ecosystems most at risk to cumulative impacts. Based on readily available or easily collectable data, this approach could provide a useful framework for similar assessments in Puget Sound. JF - 2003 Georgia Basin/Puget Sound Resarch Conference Proceedings AU - Thom, R M AU - Williams, G D AU - Borde, AB A2 - Droscher, TW A2 - Fraser, DA (eds) Y1 - 2004/02// PY - 2004 DA - February 2004 PB - Puget Sound Action Team, PO Box 40900 Olympia WA 98504 USA KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Marine KW - Resource management KW - Mathematical models KW - Financing KW - Habitat KW - Coastal waters KW - Baseline studies KW - Habitat improvement KW - Recovery KW - Coastal morphology KW - INE, USA, Washington, Puget Sound KW - GIS KW - Reef fish KW - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation KW - Q1 08382:Ecological techniques and apparatus UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18028694?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Aquatic+Science+%26+Fisheries+Abstracts+%28ASFA%29+3%3A+Aquatic+Pollution+%26+Environmental+Quality&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Thom%2C+R+M%3BWilliams%2C+G+D%3BBorde%2C+AB&rft.aulast=Thom&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2004-02-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Conceptual+Models+as+a+Tool+for+Assessing%2C+Restoring%2C+and+Managing+Puget+Sound+Habitats+and+Resources&rft.title=Conceptual+Models+as+a+Tool+for+Assessing%2C+Restoring%2C+and+Managing+Puget+Sound+Habitats+and+Resources&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-21 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nanoscale proteomics AN - 17685736; 6036214 AB - Efforts to develop a liquid chromatography (LC)/mass spectrometry (MS) technology for ultra-sensitive proteomics studies (i.e., nanoscale proteomics) are described. The approach combines high-efficiency nanoscale LC (separation peak capacity of approximately 10 super(3); 15- mu m-i.d. packed capillaries with flow rates of 20 nL min super(-1), the optimal separation linear velocity) with advanced MS, including high-sensitivity and high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance MS, to perform both single-stage MS and tandem MS (MS/MS) proteomic analyses. The technology enables broad protein identification from nanogram-size proteomics samples and allows the characterization of more abundant proteins from sub-picogram-size samples. Protein identification in such studies using MS is demonstrated from <75 zeptomole of a protein. The average proteome measurement throughput is similar to 50 proteins h super(-1) using MS/MS during separations, presently requiring approximately 3 h sample super(-1). Greater throughput ( similar to 300 proteins h super(-1)) and improved detection limits providing more comprehensive proteome coverage can be obtained by using the "accurate mass and time" tag approach developed in our laboratory. This approach provides a dynamic range of at least 10 super(6) for protein relative abundances and an improved basis for quantitation. These capabilities lay the foundation for studies from single or limited numbers of cells. JF - Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry AU - Shen, Y AU - Tolic, N AU - Masselon, C AU - Pasa-Tolic, L AU - Camp, DG II AU - Lipton AU - Anderson, G A AU - Smith, R D AD - Biological Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA, rds@pnl.gov Y1 - 2004/02// PY - 2004 DA - Feb 2004 SP - 1037 EP - 1045 VL - 378 IS - 4 SN - 1618-2642, 1618-2642 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 350:Bioinformatics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17685736?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+and+Bioanalytical+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Nanoscale+proteomics&rft.au=Shen%2C+Y%3BTolic%2C+N%3BMasselon%2C+C%3BPasa-Tolic%2C+L%3BCamp%2C+DG+II%3BLipton%3BAnderson%2C+G+A%3BSmith%2C+R+D&rft.aulast=Shen&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2004-02-01&rft.volume=378&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1037&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+and+Bioanalytical+Chemistry&rft.issn=16182642&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00216-003-2329-8 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00216-003-2329-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phospholamban binds in a compact and ordered conformation to the Ca-ATPase. AN - 80095598; 14717600 AB - Mutagenesis and cross-linking measurements have identified specific contact interactions between the cytosolic and the transmembrane sequences of phospholamban (PLB) and the Ca-ATPase, and in conjunction with the high-resolution structures of PLB and the Ca-ATPase, have been used to construct models of the PLB-ATPase complex, which suggest that PLB adopts a more extended structure within this complex. To directly test these predictions, we have used fluorescence resonance energy transfer to measure the average conformation and heterogeneity between chromophores covalently bound to the transmembrane and cytosolic domains of PLB reconstituted in proteoliposomes. In the absence of the Ca-ATPase, the cytosolic domain of PLB assumes a wide range of structures relative to the transmembrane sequence, which can be described using a model involving a Gaussian distribution of distances with an average distance (Rav) of less than 21 A and a half-width (HW) of 36 A. This conformational heterogeneity of PLB is consistent with the 10 structures resolved by NMR for the C41F mutant of PLB in organic cosolvents. In contrast, PLB bound to the Ca-ATPase assumes a unique and highly ordered conformation, where Rav = 14.0 +/- 0.3 A and HW = 3.7 +/- 0.6 A. The small spatial separation between the bound chromophores on PLB is inconsistent with an extended conformation of bound PLB in current models. Thus, to satisfy known interaction sites of PLB and the Ca-ATPase, these findings suggest a reorientation of the nucleotide binding domain of the Ca-ATPase toward the bilayer surface to bring known PLB binding sites into close juxtaposition with residues near the amino-terminus of PLB. Induction of an altered conformation of the nucleotide binding domain of the Ca-ATPase by PLB binding is suggested to underlie the reduced calcium sensitivity associated with PLB inhibition of the pump. JF - Biochemistry AU - Li, Jinhui AU - Xiong, Yijia AU - Bigelow, Diana J AU - Squier, Thomas C AD - Cell Biology Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Fundamental Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA. Y1 - 2004/01/20/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 Jan 20 SP - 455 EP - 463 VL - 43 IS - 2 SN - 0006-2960, 0006-2960 KW - Calcium-Binding Proteins KW - 0 KW - Maleimides KW - Membrane Lipids KW - phospholamban KW - N-(3-pyrene)maleimide KW - 9SZY1M545Z KW - Calcium-Transporting ATPases KW - EC 3.6.3.8 KW - Cysteine KW - K848JZ4886 KW - Alanine KW - OF5P57N2ZX KW - Index Medicus KW - Membrane Lipids -- chemistry KW - Animals KW - Models, Molecular KW - Cysteine -- genetics KW - Cytosol -- enzymology KW - Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer KW - Membrane Lipids -- metabolism KW - Maleimides -- chemistry KW - Rabbits KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Mutagenesis, Site-Directed KW - Protein Structure, Tertiary -- genetics KW - Fluorescence Polarization KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Alanine -- genetics KW - Protein Binding -- genetics KW - Protein Conformation KW - Calcium-Transporting ATPases -- chemistry KW - Calcium-Binding Proteins -- genetics KW - Calcium-Transporting ATPases -- metabolism KW - Calcium-Binding Proteins -- metabolism KW - Calcium-Binding Proteins -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80095598?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochemistry&rft.atitle=Phospholamban+binds+in+a+compact+and+ordered+conformation+to+the+Ca-ATPase.&rft.au=Li%2C+Jinhui%3BXiong%2C+Yijia%3BBigelow%2C+Diana+J%3BSquier%2C+Thomas+C&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Jinhui&rft.date=2004-01-20&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=455&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochemistry&rft.issn=00062960&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-05-25 N1 - Date created - 2004-01-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of trace contaminants on catalytic processing of biomass-derived feedstocks. AN - 71785560; 15054234 AB - Model compound testing was conducted in a batch reactor to evaluate the effects of trace contaminant components on catalytic hydrogenation of sugars. Trace components are potential catalyst poisons when processing biomass feedstocks to value-added chemical products. Trace components include inorganic elements such as alkali metals and alkaline earths, phosphorus, sulfur, aluminum, silicon, chloride, or transition metals. Protein components in biomass feedstocks can lead to formation of peptide fractions (from hydro-lysis) or ammonium ions (from more severe breakdown), both of which might interfere with catalysis. The batch reactor tests were performed in a 300-mL stirred autoclave, with multiple liquid samples withdrawn over the period of the experiment. Evaluation of these test results suggests that most of the catalyst inhibition is related to nitrogen-containing components. JF - Applied biochemistry and biotechnology AU - Elliott, Douglas C AU - Peterson, Keith L AU - Muzatko, Danielle S AU - Alderson, Eric V AU - Hart, Todd R AU - Neuenschwander, Gary G AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA. dougc.elliott@pnl.gov Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 807 EP - 825 VL - 113-116 SN - 0273-2289, 0273-2289 KW - Carbohydrates KW - 0 KW - Ions KW - Manure KW - Peptones KW - Quaternary Ammonium Compounds KW - Hydrogen KW - 7YNJ3PO35Z KW - Xylose KW - A1TA934AKO KW - Glucose KW - IY9XDZ35W2 KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Index Medicus KW - Xylose -- chemistry KW - Calcium -- chemistry KW - Carbohydrates -- chemistry KW - Temperature KW - Quaternary Ammonium Compounds -- chemistry KW - Hydrolysis KW - Peptones -- chemistry KW - Calcium -- metabolism KW - Glucose -- chemistry KW - Hydrogen -- chemistry KW - Bioreactors KW - Time Factors KW - Catalysis KW - Animal Feed KW - Biomass KW - Biotechnology -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71785560?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+biochemistry+and+biotechnology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+trace+contaminants+on+catalytic+processing+of+biomass-derived+feedstocks.&rft.au=Elliott%2C+Douglas+C%3BPeterson%2C+Keith+L%3BMuzatko%2C+Danielle+S%3BAlderson%2C+Eric+V%3BHart%2C+Todd+R%3BNeuenschwander%2C+Gary+G&rft.aulast=Elliott&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=113-116&rft.issue=&rft.spage=807&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+biochemistry+and+biotechnology&rft.issn=02732289&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-07-26 N1 - Date created - 2004-03-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimated potassium content in Hanford workers. AN - 66989434; 15266079 AB - Potassium content in male and female workers at the US Department of Energy Hanford Site was estimated based on measurements made in 2002 of 40K activity in the body. The 40K activity in females ranged from 2.1 to 4.1 kBq with an average of 3.1 +/- 0.02 kBq. The total body potassium (TBK) content in females averaged 98 +/- 0.6 g. The 40K activity in males ranged from 2.8 to 6.6 kBq with an average of 4.2 +/- 0.01 kBq and the average TBK was 136 +/- 0.3 g. The average TBK value for males aged 20-49 y was 140 g. The average TBK values for both genders decreased with age. The average potassium concentrations calculated for the different age ranges for males were 15-25% less than the value (1.9 gK per kg) obtained using the reported ICRP reference potassium and reference weight values. Potassium concentrations were inversely correlated with body-build index, body-mass index and body weight. These correlations could possibly be utilised to help assess the risk for disease. Future work is planned to evaluate whether monitoring of potassium concentrations could be used as a tool for the detection of diabetes and hypertension. JF - Radiation protection dosimetry AU - Lynch, T P AU - Rivard, J W AU - Garcia, S AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, Mailstop: B1-60, Richland, WA 99352, USA. tim.lynch@pnl.gov Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 319 EP - 322 VL - 111 IS - 3 SN - 0144-8420, 0144-8420 KW - Potassium Radioisotopes KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Radiation Dosage KW - Washington KW - Computer Simulation KW - Whole-Body Counting -- methods KW - Body Burden KW - Humans KW - Aged KW - Relative Biological Effectiveness KW - Aged, 80 and over KW - Risk Factors KW - Adult KW - Middle Aged KW - Female KW - Male KW - Radiation Protection -- methods KW - Nuclear Warfare KW - Risk Assessment -- methods KW - Radiometry -- methods KW - Models, Biological KW - Occupational Exposure -- analysis KW - Potassium Radioisotopes -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66989434?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.atitle=Estimated+potassium+content+in+Hanford+workers.&rft.au=Lynch%2C+T+P%3BRivard%2C+J+W%3BGarcia%2C+S&rft.aulast=Lynch&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=111&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=319&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.issn=01448420&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-03-15 N1 - Date created - 2004-10-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Current problems and expected improvements in personal neutron dosimetry. AN - 66857947; 15353741 AB - Many technological activities involve the potential for worker exposure to neutrons. The determination of neutron personal dose equivalent is difficult due to a number of factors including the materials and methods used to evaluate the response of personal dosemeters and the quantities for expressing dose equivalent. Nevertheless, recent progress has been made in the development of devices and techniques for the measurement and calibration of neutron personal dosemeters. The quantities and units used to express neutron dose equivalent are being improved and clarified. Therefore, it is expected that a number of remaining difficulties with neutron dosimetry will be mitigated. JF - Radiation protection dosimetry AU - McDonald, Joseph C AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA. joe.mcdonald@pnl.gov Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 743 EP - 745 VL - 110 IS - 1-4 SN - 0144-8420, 0144-8420 KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Radiation Dosage KW - Artifacts KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Body Burden KW - Humans KW - Technology Assessment, Biomedical KW - Calibration KW - Environmental Monitoring -- instrumentation KW - Equipment Design KW - Relative Biological Effectiveness KW - Safety Management -- methods KW - Risk Factors KW - Equipment Failure Analysis -- methods KW - Quality Assurance, Health Care -- methods KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Neutrons KW - Radiometry -- instrumentation KW - Radiation Protection -- methods KW - Radiometry -- trends KW - Risk Assessment -- methods KW - Radiometry -- methods KW - Radiation Protection -- instrumentation KW - Occupational Exposure -- analysis KW - Risk Assessment -- trends UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66857947?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.atitle=Current+problems+and+expected+improvements+in+personal+neutron+dosimetry.&rft.au=McDonald%2C+Joseph+C&rft.aulast=McDonald&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=110&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=743&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.issn=01448420&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-12-27 N1 - Date created - 2004-09-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Calibration measurements and standards for radiation protection dosimetry. AN - 66746414; 15273350 AB - The safe use of ionising radiation for applications in medicine, electric power production and industrial processes requires accurate measurements that are traceable to national standards. Radiological calibration laboratories provide measurements that may be used to determine the calibration coefficients for personal dosemeters and survey meters. The wide range of ionising radiation applications results in the need for a wide range of reference radiation types and intensities to be available in the calibration laboratory. The methods used and the problems encountered while developing reference radiations are discussed. JF - Radiation protection dosimetry AU - McDonald, Joseph C AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA. joe.mcdonald@pnl.gov Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 317 EP - 321 VL - 109 IS - 4 SN - 0144-8420, 0144-8420 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Radiation Protection -- methods KW - Radiation Monitoring -- methods KW - Radiation Injuries -- prevention & control KW - Calibration -- standards KW - Radiation Monitoring -- instrumentation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66746414?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.atitle=Calibration+measurements+and+standards+for+radiation+protection+dosimetry.&rft.au=McDonald%2C+Joseph+C&rft.aulast=McDonald&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=317&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.issn=01448420&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-02-08 N1 - Date created - 2004-07-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Russia's Decisive Role in the Kyoto Protocol AN - 59713237; 200620467 AB - This paper assesses the prospects for Russia's ratification & implementation of the Kyoto Protocol. The Kyoto Protocol can enter into force only when countries responsible for 55 per cent of developed nations' 1990 carbon dioxide emissions ratify the agreement. With countries representing 44 percent of that total having already ratified Kyoto, & with Russia & the United States representing 17 & 36 percent of that amount, respectively, approval by either nation would bring Kyoto into force. The current U.S. administration of President George Bush & the leadership of the Congress oppose Kyoto, leaving the future of the climate treaty to Russia's President Vladimir Putin & its parliament. Adapted from the source document. JF - The Journal of Eurasian Research AU - Chandler, William AU - Popov, Ilya AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Washington, D.C. Y1 - 2004/01// PY - 2004 DA - January 2004 PB - 603123 Golubeva 8-80, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia VL - 3 IS - 2 SN - 1538-0378, 1538-0378 KW - United States of America KW - Environmental Policy KW - Russia KW - Ratification KW - Policy Implementation KW - Leadership KW - Legislation KW - article KW - 9063: international relations; international relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59713237?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Eurasian+Research&rft.atitle=Russia%27s+Decisive+Role+in+the+Kyoto+Protocol&rft.au=Chandler%2C+William%3BPopov%2C+Ilya&rft.aulast=Chandler&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+Eurasian+Research&rft.issn=15380378&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ratification; Environmental Policy; Legislation; Russia; United States of America; Leadership; Policy Implementation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Water movement in the zone of interaction between groundwater and the Columbia River, Hanford Site, Washington AN - 51813777; 2004-063713 AB - A two-dimensional model that simulates flow pathlines in a vertical cross section oriented perpendicular to the Columbia River has been developed for a location at the Hanford Site. Hydraulic head data from wells and the adjacent river were used to calculate flow direction and velocity in hourly increments for an entire seasonal cycle. River stage cycles extend through a range of several meters, thus exerting a strong influence on water movement in the zone of interaction. By including a fluctuating river stage at the river boundary (center of channel), the model showed that landward of and beneath the shoreline, flow pathlines within the aquifer are deflected downward. The region immediately beneath the shoreline is strongly influenced by river water that infiltrates during high river stage. On the river side of the shoreline, groundwater discharges upward into the river channel, with pathlines converging in the riverbed relatively close to shore. If the model is run assuming a constant, average river stage, these movement features are not represented, thus demonstrating the need to include transient boundary conditions when a fluctuating river stage influences the zone of interaction between groundwater and surface water. The model provides information that supports a variety of applications, including monitoring strategies, contaminant transport models, risk assessments, remedial action design, and compliance requirements for remedial actions. JF - Journal of Hydraulic Research = Journal de Recherches Hydrauliques AU - Peterson, R E AU - Connelly, M P A2 - Valocchi, Albert J. Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 53 EP - 58 PB - International Association for Hydraulic Research, Delft VL - 42 IS - Extra issue SN - 0022-1686, 0022-1686 KW - United States KW - Washington KW - pollutants KW - Columbia River KW - surface water KW - data processing KW - waste disposal sites KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - preferential flow KW - simulation KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - computer programs KW - hydraulic head KW - transport KW - hydrodynamics KW - risk assessment KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51813777?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydraulic+Research+%3D+Journal+de+Recherches+Hydrauliques&rft.atitle=Water+movement+in+the+zone+of+interaction+between+groundwater+and+the+Columbia+River%2C+Hanford+Site%2C+Washington&rft.au=Peterson%2C+R+E%3BConnelly%2C+M+P&rft.aulast=Peterson&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=Extra+issue&rft.spage=53&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydraulic+Research+%3D+Journal+de+Recherches+Hydrauliques&rft.issn=00221686&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals/TJHR LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - IAHR international groundwater symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - IHSBAS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Columbia River; computer programs; data processing; environmental analysis; ground water; Hanford Site; hydraulic head; hydrodynamics; pollutants; pollution; preferential flow; remediation; risk assessment; simulation; surface water; transport; United States; Washington; waste disposal sites ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biodegradation and bioremediation of petroleum pollutants in soil AN - 51746220; 2005-017515 JF - Soil Biology AU - Huesemann, Michael H A2 - Singh, Ajay A2 - Ward, Owen P. Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 13 EP - 34 PB - Springer, Berlin VL - 1 SN - 1613-3382, 1613-3382 KW - soils KW - fertilizers KW - concentration KW - biodegradation KW - contaminant plumes KW - pollutants KW - moisture KW - oxidation KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - optimization KW - bioavailability KW - petroleum products KW - bioremediation KW - cometabolism KW - remediation KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - risk assessment KW - pH KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51746220?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Biology&rft.atitle=Biodegradation+and+bioremediation+of+petroleum+pollutants+in+soil&rft.au=Huesemann%2C+Michael+H&rft.aulast=Huesemann&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=3540210202&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Biology&rft.issn=16133382&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 111 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bioavailability; biodegradation; bioremediation; cometabolism; concentration; contaminant plumes; fertilizers; hydrocarbons; moisture; optimization; organic compounds; oxidation; petroleum products; pH; pollutants; pollution; remediation; risk assessment; soil treatment; soils ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Towards a consistent rate law; glass corrosion kinetics near saturation AN - 51670847; 2005-065992 AB - Although glass corrosion resistance has been tested with laboratory methods for decades, investigators are now just beginning to understand the reaction phenomena at or close to saturation with respect to the rate-limiting phase(s). Near saturation, the phenomena that govern element release rates include alkali-hydrogen (species) exchange, differential reactivity of phase-separated glass, and accelerated corrosion rates due to precipitation of key secondary phases. These phenomena were not anticipated by early models of glass dissolution and are incompletely quantified in current rate representations. This review discusses the two over-arching models for glass reactivity, diffusion and surface reaction control, and demonstrates the importance of glass reactivity in terms of glass composition and micro-heterogeneity of the glass. Our conclusion is that surface reaction control best describes the release of elements to solution, but that models based on current interpretations of transition state theory (TST) must be modified to account for reported anomalies in behaviour near saturation. JF - Geological Society Special Publications AU - Icenhower, Jonathan P AU - Samson, S AU - Luettge, A AU - McGrail, B P A2 - Giere, Reto A2 - Stille, Peter Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 579 EP - 594 PB - Geological Society of London, London VL - 236 SN - 0305-8719, 0305-8719 KW - silicates KW - isotopes KW - stability KW - reinforced materials KW - suspended materials KW - phase transitions KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - laboratory studies KW - controls KW - radioactive isotopes KW - chemical reactions KW - ion exchange KW - chemical composition KW - mobility KW - kinetics KW - glass materials KW - diffusivity KW - corrosion KW - experimental studies KW - rates KW - recharge KW - borosilicates KW - saturation KW - precipitation KW - vitrification KW - waste disposal KW - underground disposal KW - SEM data KW - pore water KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51670847?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geological+Society+Special+Publications&rft.atitle=Towards+a+consistent+rate+law%3B+glass+corrosion+kinetics+near+saturation&rft.au=Icenhower%2C+Jonathan+P%3BSamson%2C+S%3BLuettge%2C+A%3BMcGrail%2C+B+P&rft.aulast=Icenhower&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=236&rft.issue=&rft.spage=579&rft.isbn=186239167X&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geological+Society+Special+Publications&rft.issn=03058719&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 12th annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 71 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GSLSBW N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - borosilicates; chemical composition; chemical reactions; controls; corrosion; diffusivity; experimental studies; glass materials; ground water; ion exchange; isotopes; kinetics; laboratory studies; mobility; phase transitions; pore water; precipitation; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; rates; recharge; reinforced materials; saturation; SEM data; silicates; stability; suspended materials; underground disposal; vitrification; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The geochemical behaviour of Tc, Np and Pu in spent nuclear fuel in an oxidizing environment AN - 51670743; 2005-065965 AB - Spent fuel from commercial nuclear reactors consists mainly of uranium oxide. However, the changes that occur during reactor operations have a profound effect on chemical and physical properties of this material. Heat build-up in the fuel pellet during reactor operations can cause redistribution of fission products. The fission products may aggregate in one or three types of precipitates; gaseous, metallic, or oxide, depending on the bum-up and in-core treatment. Radiation damage and variations in fission and neutron capture yields across the fuel pellets lead to Pu enrichment and increased porosity with increasing bum-up. A more porous surface may make the fuel more susceptible to oxidative dissolution. As the level of actinides and fission products increases, the fuel may become more resistant to oxidation. These changes may limit the usefulness of natural uraninite (UO (sub 2) ) analogues for predicting the geological behaviour of spent fuel disposed in a high-level waste (HLW) repository. In this Chapter, an overview of spent fuel microstructure, radiolytic effects, and alteration processes is presented. Evidence for Np incorporation into U (super 6+) phases, the nature of Pu surface precipitates on spent fuel, and evidence for the preferential removal of 4d-metals from e-particles in corroded spent fuel is discussed. Understanding the potential mechanisms of radionuclide attenuation through sorption and/or incorporation requires techniques with both high spatial resolution and excellent elemental sensitivity. JF - Geological Society Special Publications AU - Buck, Edgar C AU - Hanson, Brady D AU - McNamara, Bruce K A2 - Giere, Reto A2 - Stille, Peter Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 65 EP - 88 PB - Geological Society of London, London VL - 236 SN - 0305-8719, 0305-8719 KW - sorption KW - neptunium KW - isotopes KW - radioactivity KW - plutonium KW - Pu-239 KW - radioactive waste KW - radioactive isotopes KW - chemical properties KW - oxides KW - fission KW - technetium KW - high-level waste KW - concentration KW - Np-237 KW - oxidation KW - uranyl ion KW - Tc-99 KW - migration of elements KW - TEM data KW - paragenesis KW - physical properties KW - metals KW - natural analogs KW - nuclear facilities KW - waste disposal KW - uraninite KW - actinides KW - SEM data KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51670743?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geological+Society+Special+Publications&rft.atitle=The+geochemical+behaviour+of+Tc%2C+Np+and+Pu+in+spent+nuclear+fuel+in+an+oxidizing+environment&rft.au=Buck%2C+Edgar+C%3BHanson%2C+Brady+D%3BMcNamara%2C+Bruce+K&rft.aulast=Buck&rft.aufirst=Edgar&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=236&rft.issue=&rft.spage=65&rft.isbn=186239167X&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geological+Society+Special+Publications&rft.issn=03058719&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 12th annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 82 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GSLSBW N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; chemical properties; concentration; fission; high-level waste; isotopes; metals; migration of elements; natural analogs; neptunium; Np-237; nuclear facilities; oxidation; oxides; paragenesis; physical properties; plutonium; Pu-239; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; radioactivity; SEM data; sorption; Tc-99; technetium; TEM data; uraninite; uranyl ion; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Direct measurements of pH and dissolved CO (sub 2) concentrations in H (sub 2) O-CO (sub 2) brine mixtures to supercritical conditions AN - 51525871; 2006-087477 AB - Very limited fundamental measurements of pH and aqueous speciation in water-salt-CO (sub 2) mixtures at high pressure have been performed. The few available measurements show pH values varying as much as 1 or 2 pH units over the important range of temperature and CO (sub 2) pressure expected in deep saline formations that are being widely considered for geologic sequestration. Stability of certain important clay and carbonate minerals is strongly affected by pH changes in this region. A high-pressure view cell equipped with a pressure-capable glass combination pH probe was used to independently measure solution pH in H (sub 2) O-CO (sub 2) brine mixtures to beyond supercritical conditions. Raman spectra were simultaneously collected in the aqueous phase and show a linear relationship between the intensity of the main symmetrical stretching vibrational mode at 1388 cm-1 and increasing CO (sub 2) pressure. The results are interpreted in terms of water solvation effects on dissolved CO (sub 2) . JF - Annual Meeting Expanded Abstracts - American Association of Petroleum Geologists AU - Schaef, H Todd AU - McGrail, B Peter AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 124 PB - American Association of Petroleum Geologists and Society for Sedimentary Geology, Tulsa, OK VL - 13 SN - 0094-0038, 0094-0038 KW - water KW - solvation KW - pressure KW - brines KW - solutes KW - effects KW - pH KW - variations KW - measurement KW - chemical fractionation KW - carbon dioxide KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51525871?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Abstracts+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.atitle=Direct+measurements+of+pH+and+dissolved+CO+%28sub+2%29+concentrations+in+H+%28sub+2%29+O-CO+%28sub+2%29+brine+mixtures+to+supercritical+conditions&rft.au=Schaef%2C+H+Todd%3BMcGrail%2C+B+Peter%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Schaef&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=&rft.spage=124&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Abstracts+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.issn=00940038&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - AAPG annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - APGAB2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - brines; carbon dioxide; chemical fractionation; effects; measurement; pH; pressure; solutes; solvation; variations; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geologic sequestration of CO (sub 2) in basalt formations AN - 51523245; 2006-087478 AB - Capture of CO (sub 2) from flue gases and subsequent geologic sequestration is being widely considered for controlling anthropogenic CO (sub 2) emissions. Massive flood basalt formations exist worldwide and have unique chemical properties that could potentially convert all the injected CO (sub 2) to solid mineral form, effectively isolating it from the atmosphere. Under certain reservoir conditions, CO (sub 2) reacts with the minerals in the basalt releasing cations (Ca, Fe, and Mg) into solution, which precipitate as a carbonate mineral. Laboratory tests have confirmed the formation of carbonate coatings when basalt samples collected from Washington State were exposed to supercritical CO (sub 2) . Detailed examination of the reacted basalt shows that preferential dissolution of the glassy mesostasis and olivine in the basalt are the principal mineral phases responsible for the observed rapid carbonate mineralization. JF - Annual Meeting Expanded Abstracts - American Association of Petroleum Geologists AU - Schaef, H Todd AU - McGrail, B Peter AU - Reidel, Stephen P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 124 PB - American Association of Petroleum Geologists and Society for Sedimentary Geology, Tulsa, OK VL - 13 SN - 0094-0038, 0094-0038 KW - calcium KW - magnesium KW - volcanic rocks KW - solutions KW - igneous rocks KW - solution KW - iron KW - carbon dioxide KW - laboratory studies KW - controls KW - mineral composition KW - basalts KW - chemical properties KW - mineralization KW - alkaline earth metals KW - experimental studies KW - human activity KW - atmosphere KW - samples KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - cations KW - testing KW - reservoir properties KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51523245?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Abstracts+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.atitle=Geologic+sequestration+of+CO+%28sub+2%29+in+basalt+formations&rft.au=Schaef%2C+H+Todd%3BMcGrail%2C+B+Peter%3BReidel%2C+Stephen+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Schaef&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=&rft.spage=124&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Abstracts+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.issn=00940038&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - AAPG annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - APGAB2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; atmosphere; basalts; calcium; carbon dioxide; cations; chemical properties; controls; experimental studies; human activity; igneous rocks; iron; laboratory studies; magnesium; metals; mineral composition; mineralization; precipitation; reservoir properties; samples; solution; solutions; testing; volcanic rocks ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Laboratory investigation into the contribution of contaminants to ground water from equipment materials used in sampling AN - 51140436; 2005-004467 AB - Benzene contamination was detected in well water samples from the Ogallala Aquifer beneath and adjacent to the Department of Energy's Pantex Plant near Amarillo, Texas. This study assessed whether or not the materials used in multilevel sampling equipment at this site could have contributed to the contaminants found in well water samples. As part of this investigation, laboratory testing of the sample equipment material was conducted. Results from the laboratory tests indicated three different materials from two types of multilevel samplers did, in fact, contribute volatile and semivolatile organic compounds to the ground water samples from static leach tests that were conducted during an eight week period. The nylon-11 tubing contributed trace concentrations of benzene (1.37 mu g/L) and relatively high concentrations of the plasticizer N-butylbenzenesulfonamide (NBSA) (764 mg/L) to the water; a urethane-coated nylon well liner contributed relatively high concentrations of toluene (278 mu g/L) and trace amounts of NBSA; and a sampling port spacer material made of nylon/polypropylene/polyester-composite contributed trace amounts of toluene and NBSA. While the concentrations of benzene and toluene measured in the laboratory tests were below the concentrations measured in actual ground water samples, the concentrations of organics from these equipment materials were sufficient to render the results reported for the ground water samples suspect. JF - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation AU - Gilmore, Tyler J AU - Mitroshkov, Alexandre V AU - Dresel, P Evan AU - Sklarew, Deborah S Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 88 EP - 94 PB - Ground Water Publishing Co., Dublin, OH VL - 24 IS - 3 SN - 1069-3629, 1069-3629 KW - United States KW - toluene KW - Ogallala Aquifer KW - techniques KW - environmental analysis KW - ground water KW - laboratory studies KW - sampling KW - Superfund sites KW - Amarillo Texas KW - concentration KW - experimental studies KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - Texas KW - Pantex Plant Site KW - samplers KW - benzene KW - aquifers KW - Potter County Texas KW - organic compounds KW - detection KW - hydrocarbons KW - instruments KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51140436?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.atitle=Laboratory+investigation+into+the+contribution+of+contaminants+to+ground+water+from+equipment+materials+used+in+sampling&rft.au=Gilmore%2C+Tyler+J%3BMitroshkov%2C+Alexandre+V%3BDresel%2C+P+Evan%3BSklarew%2C+Deborah+S&rft.aulast=Gilmore&rft.aufirst=Tyler&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=88&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.issn=10693629&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6592 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Amarillo Texas; aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; benzene; concentration; detection; environmental analysis; experimental studies; ground water; hydrocarbons; instruments; laboratory studies; Ogallala Aquifer; organic compounds; Pantex Plant Site; pollutants; pollution; Potter County Texas; samplers; sampling; Superfund sites; techniques; Texas; toluene; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Remote-Raman and micro-Raman studies of solid CO (sub 2) , CH (sub 4) gas hydrates and ice AN - 50261211; 2008-127621 JF - Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference AU - Sharma, S K AU - Misra, A K AU - Lucey, P G AU - Exarhos, G J AU - Windisch, C F, Jr AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 EP - unpaginated PB - Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX VL - 35 KW - experimental studies KW - methane KW - gas hydrates KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - remote Raman spectroscopy KW - Mars KW - alkanes KW - feasibility studies KW - carbon dioxide KW - terrestrial planets KW - planets KW - organic compounds KW - Raman spectra KW - ice KW - hydrocarbons KW - spectra KW - spectroscopy KW - remote sensing KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50261211?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Remote-Raman+and+micro-Raman+studies+of+solid+CO+%28sub+2%29+%2C+CH+%28sub+4%29+gas+hydrates+and+ice&rft.au=Sharma%2C+S+K%3BMisra%2C+A+K%3BLucey%2C+P+G%3BExarhos%2C+G+J%3BWindisch%2C+C+F%2C+Jr%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Sharma&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2004/pdf/1929.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Thirty-fifth lunar and planetary science conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Feb. 16, 2007 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #02179 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; carbon dioxide; experimental studies; feasibility studies; gas hydrates; hydrocarbons; ice; Mars; methane; organic compounds; planets; Raman spectra; remote Raman spectroscopy; remote sensing; spectra; spectroscopy; terrestrial planets ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Etch pit morphology and Mg inhibition of calcite dissolution AN - 50120382; 2010-003030 JF - Proceedings - International Symposium on Water-Rock Interaction AU - Arvidson, R S AU - Davis, K J AU - Collier, M AU - Luttge, A AU - Amonette, J E A2 - Wanty, Richard B. A2 - Seal, Robert R., II Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 721 EP - 725 PB - Taylor & Francis VL - 11 SN - 0258-7610, 0258-7610 KW - alkaline earth metals KW - magnesium KW - experimental studies KW - pits KW - crystal structure KW - crystal growth KW - adsorption KW - interferometry KW - calcite KW - nucleation KW - water-rock interaction KW - metals KW - dissolution KW - etching KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - carbonates KW - pH KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50120382?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+-+International+Symposium+on+Water-Rock+Interaction&rft.atitle=Etch+pit+morphology+and+Mg+inhibition+of+calcite+dissolution&rft.au=Arvidson%2C+R+S%3BDavis%2C+K+J%3BCollier%2C+M%3BLuttge%2C+A%3BAmonette%2C+J+E&rft.aulast=Arvidson&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=&rft.spage=721&rft.isbn=9058096416&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+-+International+Symposium+on+Water-Rock+Interaction&rft.issn=02587610&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh international symposium on Water-rock interaction N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; alkaline earth metals; calcite; carbonates; chemical composition; crystal growth; crystal structure; dissolution; etching; experimental studies; geochemistry; interferometry; magnesium; metals; nucleation; pH; pits; water-rock interaction ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of secondary mineral precipitates on radionuclide sequestration at the Hanford Site AN - 50118308; 2010-003029 JF - Proceedings - International Symposium on Water-Rock Interaction AU - Um, W AU - Serne, R J AU - Yabusaki, S B AU - Freedman, V L AU - Samson, S D AU - Nagy, K L A2 - Wanty, Richard B. A2 - Seal, Robert R., II Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 715 EP - 718 PB - Taylor & Francis VL - 11 SN - 0258-7610, 0258-7610 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - hazardous waste KW - sorption KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - solutions KW - silica minerals KW - selenium KW - isotopes KW - halogens KW - mass spectra KW - simulation KW - environmental analysis KW - ground water KW - laboratory studies KW - iodine KW - radioactive isotopes KW - chemical reactions KW - water-rock interaction KW - sediments KW - framework silicates KW - spectra KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - soils KW - technetium KW - leaking underground storage tanks KW - alkaline earth metals KW - experimental studies KW - Washington KW - sequestration KW - secondary minerals KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - nitrates KW - Hanford Site KW - hydrochemistry KW - ICP mass spectra KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - quartz KW - dissolution KW - strontium KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50118308?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+-+International+Symposium+on+Water-Rock+Interaction&rft.atitle=The+role+of+secondary+mineral+precipitates+on+radionuclide+sequestration+at+the+Hanford+Site&rft.au=Um%2C+W%3BSerne%2C+R+J%3BYabusaki%2C+S+B%3BFreedman%2C+V+L%3BSamson%2C+S+D%3BNagy%2C+K+L&rft.aulast=Um&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=&rft.spage=715&rft.isbn=9058096416&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+-+International+Symposium+on+Water-Rock+Interaction&rft.issn=02587610&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh international symposium on Water-rock interaction N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; chemical composition; chemical reactions; dissolution; environmental analysis; experimental studies; framework silicates; geochemistry; ground water; halogens; Hanford Site; hazardous waste; hydrochemistry; ICP mass spectra; iodine; isotopes; laboratory studies; leaking underground storage tanks; mass spectra; metals; nitrates; pollutants; pollution; precipitation; quartz; radioactive isotopes; secondary minerals; sediments; selenium; sequestration; silica minerals; silicates; simulation; soils; solutions; sorption; spectra; strontium; technetium; United States; Washington; water-rock interaction; X-ray diffraction data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mineral formation and radionuclide sorption in waste-impacted Hanford sediments AN - 50114248; 2010-003021 JF - Proceedings - International Symposium on Water-Rock Interaction AU - Chorover, J D AU - Rotenberg, P AU - Serne, R J A2 - Wanty, Richard B. A2 - Seal, Robert R., II Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 675 EP - 678 PB - Taylor & Francis VL - 11 SN - 0258-7610, 0258-7610 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - sorption KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - isotopes KW - unsaturated zone KW - environmental analysis KW - ground water KW - radioactive isotopes KW - mineral composition KW - chemical reactions KW - cesium KW - water-rock interaction KW - sediments KW - zeolite group KW - framework silicates KW - chemical composition KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - soils KW - leaking underground storage tanks KW - alkaline earth metals KW - experimental studies KW - Washington KW - pollutants KW - alkali metals KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - kaolinite KW - weathering KW - clay minerals KW - solid phase KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - sheet silicates KW - waste disposal KW - transformations KW - strontium KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50114248?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+-+International+Symposium+on+Water-Rock+Interaction&rft.atitle=Mineral+formation+and+radionuclide+sorption+in+waste-impacted+Hanford+sediments&rft.au=Chorover%2C+J+D%3BRotenberg%2C+P%3BSerne%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Chorover&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=&rft.spage=675&rft.isbn=9058096416&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+-+International+Symposium+on+Water-Rock+Interaction&rft.issn=02587610&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh international symposium on Water-rock interaction N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; alkaline earth metals; cesium; chemical composition; chemical reactions; clay minerals; environmental analysis; experimental studies; framework silicates; geochemistry; ground water; Hanford Site; isotopes; kaolinite; kinetics; leaking underground storage tanks; metals; mineral composition; pollutants; pollution; precipitation; radioactive isotopes; sediments; sheet silicates; silicates; soils; solid phase; sorption; strontium; transformations; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington; waste disposal; water-rock interaction; weathering; X-ray diffraction data; zeolite group ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using DNA microarrays to detect multiple pathogen threats in water; Using DNA microarrays to detect multiple pathogen threats in water AN - 20952532; 11049072 AB - We present four studies that illustrate the use of DNA microarrays for the detection and subsequent genotyping of waterborne pathogens. A genotyping array targeting four virulence factor genes in enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) was tested. The arrays were clearly able to differentiate between E. coli O157:H7 genotypes and E. coli O91:H2. Non-pathogenic E. coli and non-target organisms were not detected on this array. In the second study, an hsp70 gene single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array for specific Cryptosporidium parvum detection was constructed to differentiate between principle genotypes. SNPs, and hence differences between genotypes, were easily detected on this type of array. In the third study an array for Helicobacter pylori was tested for simultaneous SNP discrimination and presence or absence of virulence factor genes. Results from this study showed that both SNP discrimination for some conserved genes, and the presence or absence of virulence factor genes was possible. In the fourth study, multiplexing was achieved by direct hybridization and detection of mRNA to the array. For highly expressed genes, visible signal was detected at 312.5 ng of total RNA, indicating that these new methods may have sufficient environmental sensitivity without the need to perform PCR. JF - Water Science & Technology: Water Supply AU - Straub, T M AU - Quinonez-Diaz, M D AU - Valdez, C O AU - Call, D R AU - Chandler, D P AD - *Environmental Microbiology Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd., MS P7-50, Richland, Washington 99352, USA (E-mail: timothy.straub[at]pnl.gov)**Environmental Microbiology Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd., MS P7-50, Richland, Washington 99352, USA (E-mail: maria.quinonez-diaz[at]pnl.gov)***Environmental Microbiology Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd., MS P7-50, Richland, Washington 99352, USA (E-mail: catherine.valdez[at]pnl.gov)****Department of Vet. Micro. & Path., Washington State University, 402 Bustad Hall, P.O. Box 647040, Pullman, Washington 99164-7040, USA (E-mail: drcall[at]wsu.edu)*****Biochip Technology Group, Ational Laboratory, 9700 Cass Avenue, 202 Building, A249, Argonne, Illinois, 60439 USA (E-mail: dchandler[at]anl.gov) Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 107 EP - 114 VL - 4 IS - 2 SN - 1606-9749, 1606-9749 KW - Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Aqualine Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Bacteria (Enterobacteriaceae) (Escherichia) KW - Single-nucleotide polymorphism KW - Escherichia coli KW - Genotypes KW - Cryptosporidium parvum KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - W 30910:Imaging KW - V 22300:Methods KW - SW 0810:General KW - K 03300:Methods KW - ENA 16:Renewable Resources-Water KW - N 14810:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20952532?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+%26+Technology%3A+Water+Supply&rft.atitle=Using+DNA+microarrays+to+detect+multiple+pathogen+threats+in+water%3B+Using+DNA+microarrays+to+detect+multiple+pathogen+threats+in+water&rft.au=Straub%2C+T+M%3BQuinonez-Diaz%2C+M+D%3BValdez%2C+C+O%3BCall%2C+D+R%3BChandler%2C+D+P&rft.aulast=Straub&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=107&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+%26+Technology%3A+Water+Supply&rft.issn=16069749&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-11 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Single-nucleotide polymorphism; Genotypes; Escherichia coli; Cryptosporidium parvum ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A rational approach for discovering and validating cancer markers in very small samples using mass spectrometry and ELISA microarrays AN - 19500770; 8719907 AB - Identifying useful markers of cancer can be problematic due to limited amounts of sample. Some samples such as nipple aspirate fluid (NAF) or early-stage tumors are inherently small. Other samples such as serum are collected in larger volumes but archives of these samples are very valuable and only small amounts of each sample may be available for a single study. Also, given the diverse nature of cancer and the inherent variability in individual protein levels, it seems likely that the best approach to screen for cancer will be to determine the profile of a battery of proteins. As a result, a major challenge in identifying protein markers of disease is the ability to screen many proteins using very small amounts of sample. In this review, we outline some technological advances in proteomics that greatly advance this capability. Specifically, we propose a strategy for identifying markers of breast cancer in NAF that utilizes mass spectrometry (MS) to simultaneously screen hundreds or thousands of proteins in each sample. The best potential markers identified by the MS analysis can then be extensively characterized using an ELISA microarray assay. Because the microarray analysis is quantitative and large numbers of samples can be efficiently analyzed, this approach offers the ability to rapidly assess a battery of selected proteins in a manner that is directly relevant to traditional clinical assays. JF - Disease Markers AU - Zangar, Richard C AU - Varnum, Susan M AU - Covington, Chandice Y AU - Smith, Richard D AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 135 EP - 148 PB - IOS Press, Nieuwe Hemweg 6B VL - 20 IS - 3 SN - 0278-0240, 0278-0240 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - proteomics KW - protein microarray KW - biomarker KW - mass spectrometry KW - Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay KW - Nipples KW - Reviews KW - Breast cancer KW - Tumors KW - Development KW - biomarkers KW - Mass spectroscopy KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19500770?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Disease+Markers&rft.atitle=A+rational+approach+for+discovering+and+validating+cancer+markers+in+very+small+samples+using+mass+spectrometry+and+ELISA+microarrays&rft.au=Zangar%2C+Richard+C%3BVarnum%2C+Susan+M%3BCovington%2C+Chandice+Y%3BSmith%2C+Richard+D&rft.aulast=Zangar&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=135&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Disease+Markers&rft.issn=02780240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Nipples; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Reviews; Breast cancer; Development; proteomics; Tumors; biomarkers; Mass spectroscopy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mid-Century Ensemble Regional Climate Change Scenarios for the Western United States AN - 18062340; 5855884 AB - To study the impacts of climate change on water resources in the western U.S., global climate simulations were produced using the National Center for Atmospheric Research/Department of Energy (NCAR/DOE) Parallel Climate Model (PCM). The Penn State/NCAR Mesoscale Model (MM5) was used to downscale the PCM control (20 years) and three future (2040-2060) climate simulations to yield ensemble regional climate simulations at 40 km spatial resolution for the western U.S. This paper describes the regional simulations and focuses on the hydroclimate conditions in the Columbia River Basin (CRB) and Sacramento-San Joaquin River (SSJ) Basin. Results based on global and regional simulations show that by mid-century, the average regional warming of 1 to 2.5 degree C strongly affects snowpack in the western U.S. Along coastal mountains, reduction in annual snowpack was about 70% as indicated by the regional simulations. Besides changes in mean temperature, precipitation, and snowpack, cold season extreme daily precipitation increased by 5 to 15 mm/day (15-20%) along the Cascades and the Sierra. The warming resulted in increased rainfall at the expense of reduced snowfall, and reduced snow accumulation (or earlier snowmelt) during the cold season. In the CRB, these changes were accompanied by more frequent rain-on-snow events. Overall, they induced higher likelihood of wintertime flooding and reduced runoff and soil moisture in the summer. Changes in surface water and energy budgets in the CRB and SSJ basin were affected mainly by changes in surface temperature, which were statistically significant at the 0.95 confidence level. Changes in precipitation, while spatially incoherent, were not statistically significant except for the drying trend during summer. Because snow and runoff are highly sensitive to spatial distributions of temperature and precipitation, this study shows that (1) downscaling provides more realistic estimates of hydrologic impacts in mountainous regions such as the western U.S., and (2) despite relatively small changes in temperature and precipitation, changes in snowpack and runoff can be much larger on monthly to seasonal time scales because the effects of temperature and precipitation are integrated over time and space through various surface hydrological and land-atmosphere feedback processes. Although the results reported in this study were derived from an ensemble of regional climate simulations driven by a global climate model that displays low climate sensitivity compared with most other models, climate change was found to significantly affect water resources in the western U.S. by the mid twenty-first century. JF - Climatic Change AU - Leung, L R AU - Qian, Y AU - Bian, X AU - Washington, WM AU - Han, J AU - Roads, JO AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, U.S.A., ruby.leung@pnl.gov Y1 - 2004/01// PY - 2004 DA - Jan 2004 SP - 75 EP - 113 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers VL - 62 IS - 1-3 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - Mesoscale Model 5 KW - Parallel Climate Model KW - Snowpack KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - Q5 01522:Protective measures and control KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - M2 551.581:Latitudinal Influences (551.581) KW - M2 556.1:Hydrologic Cycle (556.1) KW - Q2 02171:Dynamics of lakes and rivers KW - SW 2010:Control of water on the surface UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18062340?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=Mid-Century+Ensemble+Regional+Climate+Change+Scenarios+for+the+Western+United+States&rft.au=Leung%2C+L+R%3BQian%2C+Y%3BBian%2C+X%3BWashington%2C+WM%3BHan%2C+J%3BRoads%2C+JO&rft.aulast=Leung&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=75&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/10.1023%2FB%3ACLIM.0000013692.50640.55 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:CLIM.0000013692.50640.55 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Improved detection of multi-phosphorylated peptides in the presence of phosphoric acid in liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry AN - 17876086; 5846565 AB - In contrast to lower phosphorylation states (e.g. the tryptic monophosphopeptide FQpSEEQQQTEDELQDK from bovine beta -casein), the specific detection of multi-phosphorylated peptides (e.g. the tetraphosphopeptide RELEELNVPGEIVEpSLpSpSpSEESITR from tryptic digestion of bovine beta -casein) has often been problematic for liquid chromatographic mass spectrometric (LC/MS) analysis owing to their high affinity for adsorption to exposed surfaces. We observed an enhancement in the overall detection of phosphopeptides on addition of phosphoric acid (0.1-1.0%) to the sample solution; a 10-fold increase in sensitivity was determined for the detection of two tryptic phosphopeptides and also a significant improvement in the detection of the tetraphosphopeptide. Using capillary LC with ion trap tandem MS for detection and identification, the achievable detection limits were 50 fmol and 50 pmol for the monophosphopeptide and the tetraphosphopeptide, respectively. Phosphoric acid is believed to act as a blocking agent to available silanol groups on both the silica capillary surface and the C sub(18)-bonded stationary phase silica surface. JF - Journal of Mass Spectrometry AU - Kim, J AU - Camp, D G AU - Smith, R D AD - Biological Sciences Division, MSIN K8-98, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352 USA Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 208 EP - 215 VL - 39 IS - 2 SN - 1076-5174, 1076-5174 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - stationary phase KW - Silica KW - Phosphorylation KW - Liquid chromatography KW - Adsorption KW - Casein KW - Mass spectroscopy KW - phosphoric acid KW - W4 130:General Biomedical Engineering: Tools & Techniques KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17876086?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Mass+Spectrometry&rft.atitle=Improved+detection+of+multi-phosphorylated+peptides+in+the+presence+of+phosphoric+acid+in+liquid+chromatography%2Fmass+spectrometry&rft.au=Kim%2C+J%3BCamp%2C+D+G%3BSmith%2C+R+D&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=208&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Mass+Spectrometry&rft.issn=10765174&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fjms.593 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - phosphoric acid; Mass spectroscopy; Silica; Casein; Adsorption; Phosphorylation; Liquid chromatography; stationary phase DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jms.593 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simultaneous super(1)H PFG-NMR and confocal microscopy of monolayer cell cultures: Effects of apoptosis and necrosis on water diffusion and compartmentalization AN - 17586755; 6026454 AB - We induced apoptosis and necrosis in monolayer cultures of Chinese hamster ovary cells using okadaic acid and hydrogen peroxide (H sub(2)O sub(2)), respectively, and examined the effect on water diffusion and compartmentalization using pulsed-field-gradient (PFG) super(1)H-NMR and simultaneous confocal microscopy. In PFG experiments characterized by a fixed diffusion time (2 in apoptotic cells, in accordance with observed cell shrinkage, and changed little in necrotic counterparts, where only slight swelling was evident. These results indicate that PFG super(1)H-NMR serves as a sensitive indicator of early cell death in monolayer cultures, and can be used to distinguish apoptosis from necrosis. Measurements of restricted diffusion and water exchange are presented to elucidate the compartment origins and justify the model assumptions. Magn Reson Med 52:495-505, 2004. JF - Magnetic Resonance in Medicine AU - Minard, Kevin R AU - Holtom, Gary R AU - Kathmann, Loel E AU - Majors, Paul D AU - Thrall, Brian D AU - Wind, Robert A AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, Robert.Wind@pnl.gov Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 495 EP - 505 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD UK, [mailto:customer@wiley.co.uk], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 52 IS - 3 SN - 0740-3194, 0740-3194 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Water exchange KW - Apoptosis KW - Cell culture KW - Water content KW - Okadaic acid KW - Necrosis KW - Plasma membranes KW - Hydrogen peroxide KW - Confocal microscopy KW - Atrophy KW - N.M.R. KW - Diffusion KW - W4 150:Medical Imaging KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17586755?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Magnetic+Resonance+in+Medicine&rft.atitle=Simultaneous+super%281%29H+PFG-NMR+and+confocal+microscopy+of+monolayer+cell+cultures%3A+Effects+of+apoptosis+and+necrosis+on+water+diffusion+and+compartmentalization&rft.au=Minard%2C+Kevin+R%3BHoltom%2C+Gary+R%3BKathmann%2C+Loel+E%3BMajors%2C+Paul+D%3BThrall%2C+Brian+D%3BWind%2C+Robert+A&rft.aulast=Minard&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=495&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Magnetic+Resonance+in+Medicine&rft.issn=07403194&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fmrm.20179 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Diffusion; Apoptosis; Necrosis; Cell culture; Hydrogen peroxide; Confocal microscopy; Water exchange; N.M.R.; Okadaic acid; Water content; Atrophy; Plasma membranes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrm.20179 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Linearity and reversibility of iodide adsorption on sediments from Hanford, Washington under water saturated conditions AN - 17245145; 6972663 AB - A series of adsorption and desorption experiments were completed to determine the linearity and reversibility of iodide adsorption onto sediment at the Hanford Site in southeastern Washington. Adsorption experiments conducted with Hanford formation sediment and groundwater spiked with dissolved super(125)I (as an analog tracer for super(129)I) indicated that iodide adsorption was very low (0.2 mL/g) at pH 7.5 and could be represented by a linear isotherm up to a total concentration of 100 mg/L dissolved iodide. The results of desorption experiments revealed that up to 60% of adsorbed iodide was readily desorbed after 14 days by iodide-free groundwater. Because iodide adsorption was considered to be partially reversible, even though small amount of initial iodide is retarded by adsorption at mineral-water interfaces, the weak adsorption affinity results in release of iodide when iodide-free pore waters and uncontaminated groundwaters contact the contaminated sediments in the vadose zone and aquifer systems. JF - Water Research AU - Um, Wooyong AU - Serne, RJeffrey AU - Krupka, Kenneth M AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Applied Geology and Geochemistry, Richland, WA 99352, USA, wooyong.um@pnl.gov Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 2009 EP - 2016 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 38 IS - 8 SN - 0043-1354, 0043-1354 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Author Keywords: Adsorption KW - Desorption KW - Radionuclide KW - Iodide KW - Distribution coefficient KW - Hanford site KW - Aquifers KW - Pore water KW - Iodides KW - Aquifer KW - Analogs KW - Groundwater Pollution KW - Freshwater KW - USA, Washington KW - Tracers KW - Sediment Contamination KW - Isotherms KW - pH KW - Sediment pollution KW - iodides KW - Interstitial Water KW - affinity KW - Sediments KW - USA, Washington, Hanford Site KW - Sedimentary structures KW - USA, Washington, Hanford KW - Adsorption KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Groundwater KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - Q2 09264:Sediments and sedimentation KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17245145?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Research&rft.atitle=Linearity+and+reversibility+of+iodide+adsorption+on+sediments+from+Hanford%2C+Washington+under+water+saturated+conditions&rft.au=Um%2C+Wooyong%3BSerne%2C+RJeffrey%3BKrupka%2C+Kenneth+M&rft.aulast=Um&rft.aufirst=Wooyong&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=2009&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Research&rft.issn=00431354&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.watres.2004.01.026 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aquifer; Tracers; Sediment pollution; Iodides; Sedimentary structures; Analogs; Adsorption; Groundwater pollution; Isotherms; Sediments; Aquifers; Pore water; Desorption; iodides; Groundwater; pH; affinity; Sediment Contamination; Groundwater Pollution; Interstitial Water; USA, Washington; USA, Washington, Hanford; USA, Washington, Hanford Site; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2004.01.026 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chromium speciation and mobility in a high level nuclear waste vadose zone plume AN - 16167361; 5793343 AB - Radioactive core samples containing elevated concentrations of Cr from a high level nuclear waste plume in the Hanford vadose zone were studied to asses the future mobility of Cr. Cr(VI) is an important subsurface contaminant at the Hanford Site. The plume originated in 1969 by leakage of self-boiling supernate from a tank containing REDOX process waste. The supernate contained high concentrations of alkali (NaOH ~ 5.25 mol/L), salt (NaNO sub(3)/NaNO sub(2) >10 mol/L), aluminate [Al(OH) sub(4) super(-) = 3.36 mol/L], Cr(VI) (0.413 mol/L), and super(137)Cs super(+) (6.51 x 10 super(-5) mol/L). Water and acid extraction of the oxidized subsurface sediments indicated that a significant portion of the total Cr was associated with the solid phase. Mineralogic analyses, Cr valence speciation measurements by X-ray adsorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy, and small column leaching studies were performed to identify the chemical retardation mechanism and leachability of Cr. While X- ray diffraction detected little mineralogic change to the sediments from waste reaction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that mineral particles within 5 m of the point of tank failure were coated with secondary, sodium aluminosilicate precipitates. The density of these precipitates decreased with distance from the source (e.g. beyond 10 m). The XANES and column studies demonstrated the reduction of 29-75% of the total Cr to insoluble Cr(III), and the apparent precipitation of up to 43% of the Cr(VI) as an unidentified, non- leachable phase. Both Cr(VI) reduction and Cr(VI) precipitation were greater in sediments closer to the leak source where significant mineral alteration was noted by SEM. These and other observations imply that basic mineral hydrolysis driven by large concentrations of OH super(-) in the waste stream liberated Fe(II) from the otherwise oxidizing sediments that served as a reductant for CrO sub(4) super(2-). The coarse-textured Hanford sediments contain silt-sized mineral phases (biotite, clinochlore, magnetite, and ilmenite) that are sources of Fe(II). Other dissolution products (e.g. Ba super(2+)) or Al(OH) sub(4) super(-) present in the waste stream may have induced Cr(VI) precipitation as pH moderated through mineral reaction. The results demonstrate that a minimum of 42% of the total Cr inventory in all of the samples was immobilized as Cr(III) and Cr(VI) precipitates that are unlikely to dissolve and migrate to groundwater under the low recharge conditions of the Hanford vadose zone. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Zachara, J M AU - Ainsworth, C C AU - Brown, GE Jr AU - Catalano, J G AU - McKinley, J P AU - Qafoku, O AU - Smith, S C AU - Szecsody, JE AU - Traina, S J AU - Warner, JA AD - super(1) Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA, john.zachara@pnl.gov Y1 - 2004/01// PY - 2004 DA - Jan 2004 SP - 13 EP - 30 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., Pergamon, P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 68 IS - 1 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - vadose zone KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Storage KW - Groundwater recharge KW - Leakage KW - Radioactive wastes KW - Waste disposal KW - Plumes KW - USA, Washington, Hanford Site KW - P 8000:RADIATION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16167361?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Chromium+speciation+and+mobility+in+a+high+level+nuclear+waste+vadose+zone+plume&rft.au=Zachara%2C+J+M%3BAinsworth%2C+C+C%3BBrown%2C+GE+Jr%3BCatalano%2C+J+G%3BMcKinley%2C+J+P%3BQafoku%2C+O%3BSmith%2C+S+C%3BSzecsody%2C+JE%3BTraina%2C+S+J%3BWarner%2C+JA&rft.aulast=Zachara&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2803%2900417-4 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Storage; Risk assessment; Groundwater recharge; Leakage; Radioactive wastes; Waste disposal; Plumes; USA, Washington, Hanford Site DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(03)00417-4 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Gorges, clays, and coulees; field trip guide 1 and 3; Missoula floods and the Channeled Scabland; ice-age floods through the western Channeled Scabland AN - 1400619063; 2013-055264 JF - Gorges, clays, and coulees; field trip guide 1 and 3; Missoula floods and the Channeled Scabland; ice-age floods through the western Channeled Scabland AU - Bjornstad, Bruce Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 30 PB - Clay Minerals Society KW - United States KW - clay KW - volcanic rocks KW - geologic hazards KW - igneous rocks KW - guidebook KW - gorges KW - field trips KW - clastic dikes KW - road log KW - soft sediment deformation KW - Cenozoic KW - bedding plane irregularities KW - erratics KW - mass movements KW - basalts KW - sediments KW - floods KW - megaripples KW - sedimentary structures KW - Washington KW - Quaternary KW - valleys KW - clastic sediments KW - Lake Missoula KW - bars KW - channels KW - coulees KW - landslides KW - natural hazards KW - Pleistocene KW - Channeled Scabland KW - catastrophes KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1400619063?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Bjornstad%2C+Bruce&rft.aulast=Bjornstad&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Gorges%2C+clays%2C+and+coulees%3B+field+trip+guide+1+and+3%3B+Missoula+floods+and+the+Channeled+Scabland%3B+ice-age+floods+through+the+western+Channeled+Scabland&rft.title=Gorges%2C+clays%2C+and+coulees%3B+field+trip+guide+1+and+3%3B+Missoula+floods+and+the+Channeled+Scabland%3B+ice-age+floods+through+the+western+Channeled+Scabland&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - SuppNotes - 41st annual meeting of the Clay Minerals Society, June 19-24, 2004, Richlaand, WA N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity of radionuclide and heavy metals to Desulfovibrio desulfuricans AN - 1151913367; 2012-098107 JF - Abstracts - Annual Meeting - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) AU - Sani, R K AU - Peyton, B M AU - Dohnalkova, A Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 67 EP - 68 PB - Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, [location varies] VL - 25 KW - toxic materials KW - isotopes KW - copper KW - pollution KW - lead KW - suspended materials KW - Desulfovibrio desulfuricans KW - remediation KW - radioactive isotopes KW - toxicity KW - transport KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - oxides KW - uranium KW - uraninite KW - actinides KW - heavy metals KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1151913367?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.atitle=Toxicity+of+radionuclide+and+heavy+metals+to+Desulfovibrio+desulfuricans&rft.au=Sani%2C+R+K%3BPeyton%2C+B+M%3BDohnalkova%2C+A&rft.aulast=Sani&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=67&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+-+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+%28SETAC%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth SETAC world congress and 25th annual meeting in North America N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - ISSN 1087-8939 N1 - Last updated - 2012-11-15 N1 - CODEN - #04767 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; bacteria; copper; Desulfovibrio desulfuricans; heavy metals; isotopes; lead; metals; oxides; pollution; radioactive isotopes; remediation; suspended materials; toxic materials; toxicity; transport; uraninite; uranium ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Investigations of Fe and Mn bioreduction in unconsolidated clastic sediments AN - 855195925; 2011-024553 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - McKinley, J P AU - Zachara, J M AU - Fredrickson, J K AU - Heald, S M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - Abstract B12C EP - 0805 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - iron oxides KW - manganese KW - iron KW - XANES spectra KW - Cenozoic KW - Tennessee KW - sediments KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - reduction KW - pH KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - Washington KW - clastic sediments KW - Hanford Site KW - Ringold Formation KW - X-ray spectra KW - Tertiary KW - biogenic processes KW - precipitation KW - Neogene KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - Pliocene KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/855195925?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Investigations+of+Fe+and+Mn+bioreduction+in+unconsolidated+clastic+sediments&rft.au=McKinley%2C+J+P%3BZachara%2C+J+M%3BFredrickson%2C+J+K%3BHeald%2C+S+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=McKinley&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biogenic processes; Cenozoic; clastic sediments; Hanford Site; iron; iron oxides; manganese; metals; Neogene; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; oxides; pH; Pliocene; precipitation; reduction; Ringold Formation; sediments; spectra; Tennessee; Tertiary; United States; Washington; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interaction of magnesium and inorganic carbon species with the dissolving calcite surface AN - 855195090; 2011-024540 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Amonette, J E AU - Arvidson, R S AU - Collier, M AU - Davis, K J AU - Vinson, M AU - Luttge, A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - Abstract B12C EP - 0792 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - biomineralization KW - alkaline earth metals KW - magnesium KW - crystal surface KW - terrestrial environment KW - metals KW - marine environment KW - carbon KW - crystal growth KW - carbonates KW - calcite KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/855195090?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Interaction+of+magnesium+and+inorganic+carbon+species+with+the+dissolving+calcite+surface&rft.au=Amonette%2C+J+E%3BArvidson%2C+R+S%3BCollier%2C+M%3BDavis%2C+K+J%3BVinson%2C+M%3BLuttge%2C+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Amonette&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; biomineralization; calcite; carbon; carbonates; crystal growth; crystal surface; magnesium; marine environment; metals; terrestrial environment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interaction of strontium with the calcite cleavage surface AN - 853221561; 2011-020550 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Vinson, Michael D AU - Arvidson, Rolf S AU - Amonette, James E AU - Luttge, Andreas AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - Abstract B21C EP - 0726 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - soils KW - cycles KW - Sr-90 KW - migration KW - alkaline earth metals KW - experimental studies KW - terrestrial environment KW - contaminant plumes KW - isotopes KW - radioactivity KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - solution KW - radioactive isotopes KW - atomic force microscopy data KW - metals KW - trace metals KW - carbonates KW - strontium KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/853221561?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Interaction+of+strontium+with+the+calcite+cleavage+surface&rft.au=Vinson%2C+Michael+D%3BArvidson%2C+Rolf+S%3BAmonette%2C+James+E%3BLuttge%2C+Andreas%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Vinson&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; atomic force microscopy data; carbonates; contaminant plumes; cycles; experimental studies; isotopes; metals; migration; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; radioactivity; soils; solution; Sr-90; strontium; terrestrial environment; trace metals ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Optimizing liquid effluent monitoring at a large nuclear complex. AN - 71579027; 15160897 AB - Effluent monitoring typically requires a large number of analytes and samples during the initial or startup phase of a facility. Once a baseline is established, the analyte list and sampling frequency may be reduced. Although there is a large body of literature relevant to the initial design, few, if any, published papers exist on updating established effluent monitoring programs. This paper statistically evaluates four years of baseline data to optimize the liquid effluent monitoring efficiency of a centralized waste treatment and disposal facility at a large defense nuclear complex. Specific objectives were to: (1) assess temporal variability in analyte concentrations, (2) determine operational factors contributing to waste stream variability, (3) assess the probability of exceeding permit limits, and (4) streamline the sampling and analysis regime. Results indicated that the probability of exceeding permit limits was one in a million under normal facility operating conditions, sampling frequency could be reduced, and several analytes could be eliminated. Furthermore, indicators such as gross alpha and gross beta measurements could be used in lieu of more expensive specific isotopic analyses (radium, cesium-137, and strontium-90) for routine monitoring. Study results were used by the state regulatory agency to modify monitoring requirements for a new discharge permit, resulting in an annual cost savings of US dollars 223,000. This case study demonstrates that statistical evaluation of effluent contaminant variability coupled with process knowledge can help plant managers and regulators streamline analyte lists and sampling frequencies based on detection history and environmental risk. JF - Environmental management AU - Chou, Charissa J AU - Barnett, D Brent AU - Johnson, Vernon G AU - Olson, Phil M AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, USA. Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 720 EP - 734 VL - 32 IS - 6 SN - 0364-152X, 0364-152X KW - Water Pollutants, Radioactive KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Reference Values KW - Cost Control KW - Cost Savings KW - Risk Assessment KW - Water Pollutants, Radioactive -- economics KW - Power Plants KW - Environmental Monitoring -- economics KW - Water Pollutants, Radioactive -- analysis KW - Waste Disposal, Fluid -- economics KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71579027?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+management&rft.atitle=Optimizing+liquid+effluent+monitoring+at+a+large+nuclear+complex.&rft.au=Chou%2C+Charissa+J%3BBarnett%2C+D+Brent%3BJohnson%2C+Vernon+G%3BOlson%2C+Phil+M&rft.aulast=Chou&rft.aufirst=Charissa&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=720&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+management&rft.issn=0364152X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-06-08 N1 - Date created - 2004-05-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transformation of 2-line ferrihydrite to 6-line ferrihydrite under oxic and anoxic conditions AN - 51884319; 2004-018143 AB - Mineralogical transformations of 2-line ferrihydrite were studied under oxic and Fe (super 3+) -reducing conditions to establish the role, if any, of 6-line ferrihydrite ("well" organized ferrihydrite) in the reaction pathway and as a final product. In oxic experiments, concentrated suspensions (0.42 mol/L Fe (super 3+) in 0.1 mol/L NaClO (sub 4) ) of freshly synthesized 2-line ferrihydrite, with and without 3% Ni (super 2+) , were aged at an initial pH = 7.2 (unbuffered and unadjusted) and 25 degrees C for more than three years. X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and Mossbauer spectroscopy measurements were performed on the solids after different aging periods. The primary mineralogical products observed were 6-line ferrihydrite and goethite, with minor hematite. Aggregation and crystallization of the 2-line ferrihydrite liberated protons and depressed suspension pH, but coprecipitated Ni (super 2+) retarded this process. The joint, interrelated effects of Ni and pH influenced both the extent of conversion of 2-line ferrihydrite and the identity of the major transformation products. Six-line ferrihydrite dominated in the Ni ferrihydrite suspension, whereas goethite dominated in the absence of Ni. Aggregation-induced crystallization of 2-line ferrihydrite particles seemed responsible for 6-line ferrihydrite formation. Mineralogical changes to Ni ferrihydrite under anaerobic conditions were investigated at circumneutral pH using the Fe (super 3+) -reducing bacterium Shewanella putrefaciens. Residual 6-line ferrihydrite dominated bioreduced samples that also contained goethite and magnetite. The conversion of 2-line ferrihydrite to 6-line ferrihydrite was considerably more rapid under anaerobic conditions. The sorption of biogenic Fe (super 2+) apparently induced intra-aggregate transformation of 2-line ferrihydrite to 6-line ferrihydrite. Collectively, abiotic and biotic studies indicated that 6-line ferrihydrite can be a transformation product of 2-line ferrihydrite, especially when 2-line ferrihydrite is undergoing transformation to more stable hematite or magnetite. JF - American Mineralogist AU - Kukkadapu, Ravi K A2 - Becker, Udo A2 - Jambor, John L. A2 - Lumpkin, Gregory R. A2 - Pasteris, Jill Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 1903 EP - 1913 PB - Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC VL - 88 IS - 11-12, Part 2 SN - 0003-004X, 0003-004X KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - ferrihydrite KW - iron KW - aerobic environment KW - hematite KW - metals KW - oxides KW - anaerobic environment KW - spectra KW - ion exchange KW - transformations KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - Mossbauer spectra KW - magnetite KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51884319?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=Transformation+of+2-line+ferrihydrite+to+6-line+ferrihydrite+under+oxic+and+anoxic+conditions&rft.au=Kukkadapu%2C+Ravi+K&rft.aulast=Kukkadapu&rft.aufirst=Ravi&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=11-12%2C+Part+2&rft.spage=1903&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Mineralogist&rft.issn=0003004X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ammin.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 47 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AMMIAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerobic environment; anaerobic environment; ferrihydrite; geochemistry; hematite; ion exchange; iron; magnetite; metals; Mossbauer spectra; oxides; pH; spectra; transformations; X-ray diffraction data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Aluminum effect on dissolution and precipitation under hyperalkaline conditions; I, Liquid phase transformations AN - 51826133; 2004-052881 JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Qafoku, Nikolla P AU - Ainsworth, Calvin C AU - Szecsody, James E AU - Qafoku, Odeta S Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 2354 EP - 2363 PB - American Society of Agronomy, [and] Crop Science Society of America, [and] Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 32 IS - 6 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - K-feldspar KW - isotopes KW - waste disposal sites KW - unsaturated zone KW - solution KW - silicon KW - iron KW - radioactive isotopes KW - cesium KW - alkali feldspar KW - mica group KW - aluminum KW - sodium hydroxide KW - framework silicates KW - alkalinity KW - chromium KW - high-level waste KW - alkaline earth metals KW - experimental studies KW - Washington KW - pollutants KW - alkali metals KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - electrolytes KW - solubility KW - Cs-137 KW - liquid waste KW - metals KW - sheet silicates KW - uranium KW - waste disposal KW - feldspar group KW - actinides KW - strontium KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51826133?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Aluminum+effect+on+dissolution+and+precipitation+under+hyperalkaline+conditions%3B+I%2C+Liquid+phase+transformations&rft.au=Qafoku%2C+Nikolla+P%3BAinsworth%2C+Calvin+C%3BSzecsody%2C+James+E%3BQafoku%2C+Odeta+S&rft.aulast=Qafoku&rft.aufirst=Nikolla&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2354&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://jeq.scijournals.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JEVQAA N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; alkali feldspar; alkali metals; alkaline earth metals; alkalinity; aluminum; cesium; chromium; Cs-137; electrolytes; experimental studies; feldspar group; framework silicates; Hanford Site; high-level waste; iron; isotopes; K-feldspar; liquid waste; metals; mica group; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; sheet silicates; silicates; silicon; sodium hydroxide; solubility; solution; strontium; United States; unsaturated zone; uranium; Washington; waste disposal; waste disposal sites ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Temporal shifts in the geochemistry and microbial community structure of an ultradeep mine borehole following isolation AN - 51790446; 2004-078957 AB - A borehole draining a water-bearing dyke fracture at 3.2-km depth in a South African Au mine was isolated from the open mine environment. Geochemical, stable isotopic, nucleic acid-based, and phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analyses were employed as culture-independent means for assessing shifts in the microbial community and habitat as the system equilibrated with the native rock-water environment. Over a two-month period, the pH increased from 5.5 to 7.4, concurrent with a drop in pe from -2 to -3. Whereas rDNAs related to Desulfotomaculum spp. represented the major clone type encountered throughout, lipid biomarker profiling along with 16S rDNA clone library and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analyses indicated the emergence of other Gram-positive and deeply-branching lineages in samples during the later stages of the equilibration period. A biofilm that formed on the mine wall below the borehole produced abundant rDNAs related to the alpha Proteobacteria. beta - and gamma -Proteobacteria appeared to transiently bloom in the borehole shortly after isolation. Chemical modeling and sulfur isotope analyses of the borehole effluent indicated that microbial sulfate reduction was the major terminal electron-accepting process shortly after isolation, whereas Fe (super +3) reduction dominated towards the end of the experiment. The persistence of Desulfotomaculum-like bacteria throughout suggests that these organisms adapted to changing geochemical conditions as the redox decreased and pH increased following the isolation of the borehole from the mine atmosphere. The restoration of anaerobic aquatic chemistry to this borehole environment may have allowed microbiota indigenous to the local basalt aquifer to become more dominant among the diverse collection of bacterial lineages present in the borehole. JF - Geomicrobiology Journal AU - Moser, D P AU - Onstott, T C AU - Fredrickson, J K AU - Brockman, F J AU - Balkwill, D L AU - Drake, G R AU - Pfiffner, S M AU - White, D C AU - Baker, B J AU - Hoek, J Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 517 EP - 548 PB - Taylor & Francis, London VL - 20 IS - 6 SN - 0149-0451, 0149-0451 KW - mines KW - Driefontein Mine KW - acid mine drainage KW - Gauteng South Africa KW - geomicrobiology KW - fissures KW - pollution KW - hydrochemistry KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - Johannesburg South Africa KW - boreholes KW - water-rock interaction KW - isolation KW - Southern Africa KW - biofilms KW - bacteria KW - anaerobic environment KW - Africa KW - South Africa KW - geochemistry KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51790446?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geomicrobiology+Journal&rft.atitle=Temporal+shifts+in+the+geochemistry+and+microbial+community+structure+of+an+ultradeep+mine+borehole+following+isolation&rft.au=Moser%2C+D+P%3BOnstott%2C+T+C%3BFredrickson%2C+J+K%3BBrockman%2C+F+J%3BBalkwill%2C+D+L%3BDrake%2C+G+R%3BPfiffner%2C+S+M%3BWhite%2C+D+C%3BBaker%2C+B+J%3BHoek%2C+J&rft.aulast=Moser&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=517&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geomicrobiology+Journal&rft.issn=01490451&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F01490450390249280 L2 - http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~content=t713722957~db=all LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 73 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GEJODG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid mine drainage; Africa; anaerobic environment; aquifers; bacteria; biofilms; boreholes; Driefontein Mine; fissures; Gauteng South Africa; geochemistry; geomicrobiology; ground water; hydrochemistry; isolation; Johannesburg South Africa; microorganisms; mines; pollution; South Africa; Southern Africa; water-rock interaction DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01490450390249280 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Surface structure effects on direct reduction of iron oxides by Shewanella oneidensis AN - 51751628; 2005-014285 AB - The atomic and electronic structure of mineral surfaces affects many environmentally important processes such as adsorption phenomena. They are however rarely considered relevant to dissimilatory bacterial reduction of iron and manganese minerals. In this regard, surface area and thermodynamics are more commonly considered. Here we take a first step towards understanding the nature of the influence of mineral surface structure upon the rate of electron transfer from Shewanella oneidensis strain MR-1 outer membrane proteins to the mineral surface and the subsequent effect upon cell "activity". Cell accumulation has been used as a proxy for cell activity at three iron oxide single crystal faces; hematite (001), magnetite (111) and magnetite (100). Clear differences in cell accumulation at, and release from the surfaces are observed, with significantly more cells accumulating at hematite (001) compared to either magnetite face whilst relatively more cells are released into the overlying aqueous phase from the two magnetite faces than hematite. Modeling of the electron transfer process to the different mineral surfaces from a decaheme (protoporphyrin rings containing a central hexacoordinate iron atom), outer membrane-bound cytochrome of S. oneidensis has been accomplished by employing both Marcus and ab initio density functional theories. The resultant model of electron transfer to the three oxide faces predicts that over the entire range of expected electron transfer distances the highest electron transfer rates occur at the hematite (001) surface, mirroring the observed cell accumulation data. Electron transfer rates to either of the two magnetite surfaces are slower, with magnetite (111) slower than hematite (001) by approximately two orders of magnitude. A lack of knowledge regarding the structural details of the heme-mineral interface, especially in regards to atomic distances and relative orientations of hemes and surface iron atoms and the conformation of the protein envelope, precludes a more thorough analysis. However, the results of the modeling concur with the empirical observation that mineral surface structure has a clear influence on mineral surface-associated cell activity. Thus surface structure effects must be accounted for in future studies of cell-mineral interactions. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Neal, Andrew L AU - Rosso, Kevin M AU - Geesey, Gill G AU - Gorby, Yuri A AU - Little, Brenda J Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 4489 EP - 4503 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 67 IS - 23 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - biodegradation KW - iron oxides KW - crystal structure KW - Shewanella KW - iron KW - surface structure KW - geochemical cycle KW - theoretical studies KW - biogenic processes KW - chemical reactions KW - hematite KW - metals KW - Shewanella oneidensis KW - bacteria KW - oxides KW - anaerobic environment KW - surface reactions KW - reduction KW - mobility KW - geochemistry KW - magnetite KW - growth KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51751628?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Surface+structure+effects+on+direct+reduction+of+iron+oxides+by+Shewanella+oneidensis&rft.au=Neal%2C+Andrew+L%3BRosso%2C+Kevin+M%3BGeesey%2C+Gill+G%3BGorby%2C+Yuri+A%3BLittle%2C+Brenda+J&rft.aulast=Neal&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=4489&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2803%2900386-7 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 89 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anaerobic environment; bacteria; biodegradation; biogenic processes; chemical reactions; crystal structure; geochemical cycle; geochemistry; growth; hematite; iron; iron oxides; magnetite; metals; mobility; oxides; reduction; Shewanella; Shewanella oneidensis; surface reactions; surface structure; theoretical studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(03)00386-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling the influence of transport on chemical reactivity in microbial membranes; mineral precipitation/dissolution reactions AN - 51570240; 2006-052724 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Felmy, Andrew Robert AU - Liu, Chongxuan AU - Clark, Susan AU - Straatsma, Tjerk AU - Rustad, James AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - Abstract B11A EP - 07 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - models KW - reactivity KW - diffusion KW - transport KW - precipitation KW - biochemistry KW - bacteria KW - solution KW - simulation KW - geochemistry KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51570240?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Modeling+the+influence+of+transport+on+chemical+reactivity+in+microbial+membranes%3B+mineral+precipitation%2Fdissolution+reactions&rft.au=Felmy%2C+Andrew+Robert%3BLiu%2C+Chongxuan%3BClark%2C+Susan%3BStraatsma%2C+Tjerk%3BRustad%2C+James%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Felmy&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biochemistry; diffusion; geochemistry; models; precipitation; reactivity; simulation; solution; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A practical multifluid flow model including mobile, residual, and entrapped NAPL AN - 51256025; 2008-063480 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Oostrom, M AU - White, M D AU - Lenhard, R J AU - Wietsma, T W AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - INEEL KW - laboratory studies KW - Idaho KW - experimental studies KW - numerical models KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - preferential flow KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51256025?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=A+practical+multifluid+flow+model+including+mobile%2C+residual%2C+and+entrapped+NAPL&rft.au=Oostrom%2C+M%3BWhite%2C+M+D%3BLenhard%2C+R+J%3BWietsma%2C+T+W%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Oostrom&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F671&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - experimental studies; Idaho; INEEL; laboratory studies; nonaqueous phase liquids; numerical models; pollutants; pollution; preferential flow; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The subsurface flow and transport laboratory; a new Department of Energy user's facility for intermediate-scale experimentation AN - 51255195; 2008-063486 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Wietsma, T W AU - Oostrom, M AU - Foster, N S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - U. S. Department of Energy KW - experimental studies KW - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory KW - transport KW - government agencies KW - pollution KW - preferential flow KW - simulation KW - research KW - ground water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51255195?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=The+subsurface+flow+and+transport+laboratory%3B+a+new+Department+of+Energy+user%27s+facility+for+intermediate-scale+experimentation&rft.au=Wietsma%2C+T+W%3BOostrom%2C+M%3BFoster%2C+N+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wietsma&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F672&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - experimental studies; government agencies; ground water; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; pollution; preferential flow; research; simulation; transport; U. S. Department of Energy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tracing the sources and history of subsurface contamination at the Hanford Site in Washington using high-precision uranium isotopic measurements AN - 51255047; 2008-063469 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Christensen, John N AU - Dresel, P Evan AU - Conrad, Mark E AU - Maher, Kate AU - DePaolo, Donald J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - plumes KW - Washington KW - contaminant plumes KW - isotopes KW - isotope ratios KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - ground water KW - radioactive isotopes KW - metals KW - uranium KW - U-238/U-234 KW - U-238/U-235 KW - actinides KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51255047?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Tracing+the+sources+and+history+of+subsurface+contamination+at+the+Hanford+Site+in+Washington+using+high-precision+uranium+isotopic+measurements&rft.au=Christensen%2C+John+N%3BDresel%2C+P+Evan%3BConrad%2C+Mark+E%3BMaher%2C+Kate%3BDePaolo%2C+Donald+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Christensen&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F669&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; contaminant plumes; ground water; Hanford Site; isotope ratios; isotopes; metals; plumes; pollution; radioactive isotopes; U-238/U-234; U-238/U-235; United States; uranium; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evidence for the occurrence of microbial iron reduction in bulk aerobic unsaturated sediments AN - 51252208; 2008-066757 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Cooper, David C AU - Kukkadapu, Ravi K AU - Smith, William A AU - Fox, Don T AU - Plummer, Mitchell A AU - Hull, Laurence C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - F315 EP - F316 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - soils KW - oxygen KW - iron minerals KW - pollutants KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - simulation KW - iron KW - ground water KW - aerobic environment KW - nutrients KW - mineral composition KW - decontamination KW - soil pollution KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - sediments KW - DNA KW - reduction KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51252208?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Evidence+for+the+occurrence+of+microbial+iron+reduction+in+bulk+aerobic+unsaturated+sediments&rft.au=Cooper%2C+David+C%3BKukkadapu%2C+Ravi+K%3BSmith%2C+William+A%3BFox%2C+Don+T%3BPlummer%2C+Mitchell+A%3BHull%2C+Laurence+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Cooper&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F315&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerobic environment; bacteria; decontamination; DNA; ground water; iron; iron minerals; metals; mineral composition; nutrients; oxygen; pollutants; pollution; reduction; sediments; simulation; soil pollution; soils; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The global distribution of candidate geological CO2 reservoirs and their economic implications for deployment of carbon capture technology AN - 51090822; 2008-080866 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Friedmann, Julio AU - Edmonds, James A AU - Dooley, James J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - technology KW - underground storage KW - injection KW - pollution KW - enhanced recovery KW - cost KW - reservoir rocks KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - aquifers KW - waste management KW - mitigation KW - underground installations KW - greenhouse effect KW - point sources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51090822?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=The+global+distribution+of+candidate+geological+CO2+reservoirs+and+their+economic+implications+for+deployment+of+carbon+capture+technology&rft.au=Friedmann%2C+Julio%3BEdmonds%2C+James+A%3BDooley%2C+James+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Friedmann&rft.aufirst=Julio&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F569&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; carbon dioxide; cost; enhanced recovery; greenhouse effect; ground water; injection; mitigation; point sources; pollution; reservoir rocks; technology; underground installations; underground storage; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling episodic surface runoff in an arid environment AN - 50860352; 2008-096599 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Waichler, Scott R AU - Wigmosta, Mark S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - Washington KW - terrestrial environment KW - sediment transport KW - rainfall KW - arid environment KW - surface water KW - prediction KW - Hanford Site KW - water balance KW - variations KW - temperature KW - aquifers KW - models KW - environmental management KW - recharge KW - sensitivity analysis KW - runoff KW - drainage basins KW - frozen ground KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50860352?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Modeling+episodic+surface+runoff+in+an+arid+environment&rft.au=Waichler%2C+Scott+R%3BWigmosta%2C+Mark+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Waichler&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F599&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; arid environment; drainage basins; environmental management; frozen ground; Hanford Site; hydrology; models; prediction; rainfall; recharge; runoff; sediment transport; sensitivity analysis; surface water; temperature; terrestrial environment; United States; variations; Washington; water balance ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Maximum likelihood Bayesian averaging of spatial variability models in unsaturated fractured tuff AN - 50596031; 2008-096619 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Ye, Ming AU - Neuman, Shlomo P AU - Meyer, Philip D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - volcanic rocks KW - Bayesian analysis KW - igneous rocks KW - kriging KW - unsaturated zone KW - reservoir rocks KW - ground water KW - Apache Leap Research Site KW - spatial variations KW - tuff KW - central Arizona KW - uncertainty KW - Pinal County Arizona KW - variance analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - migration of elements KW - least-squares analysis KW - aquifers KW - models KW - pyroclastics KW - variograms KW - Arizona KW - permeability KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50596031?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Maximum+likelihood+Bayesian+averaging+of+spatial+variability+models+in+unsaturated+fractured+tuff&rft.au=Ye%2C+Ming%3BNeuman%2C+Shlomo+P%3BMeyer%2C+Philip+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ye&rft.aufirst=Ming&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F609&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Apache Leap Research Site; aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; Arizona; Bayesian analysis; central Arizona; ground water; igneous rocks; kriging; least-squares analysis; migration of elements; models; permeability; Pinal County Arizona; pollution; prediction; pyroclastics; reservoir rocks; spatial variations; statistical analysis; tuff; uncertainty; United States; unsaturated zone; variance analysis; variograms; volcanic rocks ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monte-Carlo simulation of bacterial transport in a heterogeneous aquifer with correlated hydrologic and reactive properties AN - 50550123; 2009-002250 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Scheibe, Timothy D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - Virginia KW - three-dimensional models KW - pollutants KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - Northampton County Virginia KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - reactivity KW - Oyster Virginia KW - transport KW - mathematical methods KW - bacteria KW - hydrodynamics KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - heterogeneity KW - water pollution KW - field studies KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50550123?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Monte-Carlo+simulation+of+bacterial+transport+in+a+heterogeneous+aquifer+with+correlated+hydrologic+and+reactive+properties&rft.au=Scheibe%2C+Timothy+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Scheibe&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F589&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; bacteria; field studies; ground water; heterogeneity; hydraulic conductivity; hydrodynamics; hydrology; mathematical methods; mathematical models; Monte Carlo analysis; Northampton County Virginia; Oyster Virginia; pollutants; pollution; reactivity; simulation; statistical analysis; three-dimensional models; transport; United States; Virginia; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Sensitivity of Precipitation and Snowpack Simulations to Model Resolution via Nesting in Regions of Complex Terrain AN - 18054923; 5808954 AB - This paper examines the sensitivity of regional climate simulations to increasing spatial resolution via nesting by means of a 20-yr simulation of the western United States at 40-km resolution and a 5-yr simulation at 13-km resolution for the Pacific Northwest and California. The regional simulation at 40-km resolution shows a lack of precipitation along coastal hills, good agreement with observations on the windward slopes of the Cascades and Sierra Nevada, but overprediction on the leeside and the basins beyond. Snowpack is grossly underpredicted throughout the western United States when compared against snowpack telemetry (snotel) observations. During winter, higher spatial resolution mainly improves the precipitation simulation in the coastal hills and basins. Along the Cascades and the Sierra Nevada range, precipitation is strongly amplified at the higher spatial resolution. Higher resolution generally improves the spatial distribution of precipitation to yield a higher spatial correlation between simulations and observations. During summer, higher resolution improves not only the spatial distribution but also the regional mean precipitation. In the Olympic Mountains and along the Coastal Range, increased precipitation at higher resolution reflects mainly a shift from light to heavy precipitation events. In the Cascades and Sierra Nevada, increased precipitation is mainly associated with more frequent heavy precipitation at higher resolution. Changes in precipitation from 40- to 13-km resolution depend on synoptic conditions such as wind direction and moisture transport. The use of higher spatial resolution improves snowpack more than precipitation. However, results presented in this paper suggest that accuracy in the snow simulation is also limited by factors such as deficiencies in the land surface model or biases in other model variables. JF - Journal of Hydrometeorology AU - Leung, L R AU - Qian, Y AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, rubyleung@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - Dec 2003 SP - 1025 EP - 1043 PB - American Meteorological Society VL - 4 IS - 6 SN - 1525-755X, 1525-755X KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Snowpack KW - Moisture KW - Snow cover models KW - USA, West KW - USA, Sierra Nevada Mts. KW - USA, Nevada KW - Spatial Distribution KW - Precipitation variations KW - Mountains KW - Model sensitivity KW - Telemetry KW - Nesting KW - USA, California KW - Slopes KW - Precipitation models KW - Wind KW - Snow KW - USA, Pacific Northwest KW - Simulation KW - Precipitation KW - Snow cover KW - USA, Washington, Olympic Mts. KW - Model Studies KW - Hydrometeorology KW - Numerical simulations KW - USA, Cascade Mts. KW - SW 0820:Snow, ice and frost KW - M2 556.12:Precipitation (556.12) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18054923?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrometeorology&rft.atitle=The+Sensitivity+of+Precipitation+and+Snowpack+Simulations+to+Model+Resolution+via+Nesting+in+Regions+of+Complex+Terrain&rft.au=Leung%2C+L+R%3BQian%2C+Y&rft.aulast=Leung&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1025&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrometeorology&rft.issn=1525755X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F1525-7541%282003%29004%281025%3ATSOPAS%292.0.CO%3B2 L2 - http://journals.allenpress.com/jrnlserv/?request=get-abstract&issn=1525-755X&volume=4&page=1025 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Precipitation; Simulation; Snowpack; Model Studies; Spatial Distribution; Nesting; Mountains; Telemetry; Snow; Slopes; Wind; Moisture; Hydrometeorology; USA, Nevada; USA, Pacific Northwest; USA, California; USA, Washington, Olympic Mts.; USA, West; USA, Cascade Mts.; USA, Sierra Nevada Mts.; Precipitation variations; Snow cover; Model sensitivity; Numerical simulations; Precipitation models; Snow cover models DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1525-7541(2003)004(1025:TSOPAS)2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Intercomparison of Global Reanalyses and Regional Simulations of Cold Season Water Budgets in the Western United States AN - 18045010; 5808956 AB - Estimating water budgets of river basins in the western United States is a challenge because of the effects of complex terrain and lack of comprehensive observational datasets. This study aims at comparing different estimates of cold season water budgets of the Columbia River (CRB) and Sacramento-San Joaquin River (SSJ) basins. An intercomparison was performed based on the NCEP-NCAR reanalysis I (NRA1), NCEP-Department of Energy (DOE) reanalysis II (NRA2), ECMWF reanalyses (ERA), regional climate simulations produced by the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University-NCAR Mesoscale Model (MM5) and NCEP Regional Spectral Model (RSM) driven by the reanalyses, and two precipitation datasets gridded at 2.5 degree and [frac18] degree for 7 yr between 1986 and 1993. The purpose of the intercomparison was to understand the effects of spatial resolution, model configuration and associated parameterizations, and large-scale conditions on basin-scale water budgets. Overall, the regional simulations were superior to the global reanalyses in terms of the spatial distribution of mean precipitation and precipitation anomalies. However, cold season precipitation was generally amplified in the regional models. Basin mean precipitation was typically higher than observed in the regional models and less than observed in the reanalyses. The amplification was the largest in the RSM simulation driven by NRA2, which had the biggest difference between the reanalyzed and regional simulation of basin mean precipitation. ERA and the MM5 simulations driven by ERA provided the best basin mean precipitation estimates when compared to the [frac18] degree observational dataset. Lambda arge differences remain in estimating the water budgets of western river basins, such as CRB and SSJ. In terms of atmospheric moisture flux, there was a 15%-20% difference between the global reanalyses. In terms of basin mean precipitation, differences among the reanalyses, regional simulations, and observations were as large as 100% of the overall mean. There were large differences in spatial distribution of precipitation between the RSM and MM5 simulations because of terrain representations and other factors. Runoff and snowpack showed the most sensitivity to model differences in spatial resolution, physics parameterizations, and model representations. Better simulations of basin mean precipitation did not necessarily imply superior simulations of runoff or snowpack. JF - Journal of Hydrometeorology AU - Leung, L R AU - Qian, Y AU - Han, J AU - Roads, JO AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, rubyleung@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - Dec 2003 SP - 1067 EP - 1087 PB - American Meteorological Society VL - 4 IS - 6 SN - 1525-755X, 1525-755X KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Snowpack KW - Moisture KW - River Basins KW - Water budget KW - USA, West KW - USA, Columbia R. KW - Hydrologic Budget KW - Spatial Distribution KW - NCEP/NCAR reanalysis KW - Numerical models KW - Precipitation anomalies KW - Mesoscale model MM5 KW - Seasonal variations KW - Rivers KW - Estimating KW - Simulation KW - Precipitation KW - INE, USA, Columbia R. KW - Model Studies KW - Hydrometeorology KW - USA, California, San Joaquin R. basin KW - Fluctuations KW - Runoff KW - M2 556.53:Rivers, Streams, Canals (556.53) KW - SW 0835:Streamflow and runoff KW - M2 556.1:Hydrologic Cycle (556.1) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18045010?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrometeorology&rft.atitle=Intercomparison+of+Global+Reanalyses+and+Regional+Simulations+of+Cold+Season+Water+Budgets+in+the+Western+United+States&rft.au=Leung%2C+L+R%3BQian%2C+Y%3BHan%2C+J%3BRoads%2C+JO&rft.aulast=Leung&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1067&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrometeorology&rft.issn=1525755X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F1525-7541%282003%29004%281067%3AIOGRAR%292.0.CO%3B2 L2 - http://journals.allenpress.com/jrnlserv/?request=get-abstract&issn=1525-755X&volume=4&page=1067 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Simulation; Precipitation; Model Studies; River Basins; Spatial Distribution; Estimating; Snowpack; Rivers; Runoff; Hydrologic Budget; Fluctuations; Moisture; Hydrometeorology; USA, Columbia R.; USA, West; INE, USA, Columbia R.; USA, California, San Joaquin R. basin; Water budget; NCEP/NCAR reanalysis; Seasonal variations; Numerical models; Mesoscale model MM5; Precipitation anomalies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1525-7541(2003)004(1067:IOGRAR)2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biogeochemical processes and microbial characteristics across groundwater-surface water boundaries of the Hanford Reach of the Columbia River. AN - 71461693; 14655698 AB - Biogeochemical processes within riverbed hyporheic zones (HZ) can potentially impact the fate and transport of contaminants. We evaluated a modified freeze core technique for the collection of intact cobble-bed samples from the Columbia River HZ along a stretch of the Hanford Reach in Washington State and investigated microbiological and geochemical parameters of corresponding frozen and unfrozen samples. During three sampling periods (March, May, and November 2000), relatively high numbers of viable aerobic heterotrophic bacteria were recovered from both unfrozen (10(6)-10(7) cfu/g) and frozen samples (10(5)-10(6) cfu/g). Relatively large populations of sulfate-, nitrate-, and iron-reducing bacteria were present, and significant concentrations of acid-volatile sulfide were measured in some samples, indicating that anoxic regions exist within this zone. Cr(VI), a priority groundwater pollutant on adjacent U.S. Department of Energy lands, was probably removed from solution in HZ samples by a combination of microbial activity and chemical reduction, presumably via products of anaerobic microbial metabolism. These results suggest that biogeochemical processes in the Columbia River HZ may contribute to the natural attenuation of Cr(VI). Although freezing modestly diminished recovery of viable bacteria, freeze core techniques proved reliable for the collection of intact hyporheic sediments. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Moser, Duane P AU - Fredrickson, James K AU - Geist, David R AU - Arntzen, Evan V AU - Peacock, Aaron D AU - Li, Shu-Mei W AU - Spadoni, Tina AU - McKinley, James P AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, USA. duane.moser@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003/11/15/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Nov 15 SP - 5127 EP - 5134 VL - 37 IS - 22 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Washington KW - Water Movements KW - Porosity KW - Specimen Handling KW - Freezing KW - Biodegradation, Environmental KW - Soil Microbiology KW - Geologic Sediments -- chemistry KW - Fresh Water -- chemistry KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis KW - Fresh Water -- microbiology KW - Geologic Sediments -- microbiology KW - Water Microbiology KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71461693?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Biogeochemical+processes+and+microbial+characteristics+across+groundwater-surface+water+boundaries+of+the+Hanford+Reach+of+the+Columbia+River.&rft.au=Moser%2C+Duane+P%3BFredrickson%2C+James+K%3BGeist%2C+David+R%3BArntzen%2C+Evan+V%3BPeacock%2C+Aaron+D%3BLi%2C+Shu-Mei+W%3BSpadoni%2C+Tina%3BMcKinley%2C+James+P&rft.aulast=Moser&rft.aufirst=Duane&rft.date=2003-11-15&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=22&rft.spage=5127&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-03-22 N1 - Date created - 2003-12-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Europium Uptake and Partitioning in Oat (Avena sativa) Roots as Studied by Laser-induced Fluorescence Spectroscopy and Confocal Microscopy Profiling Technique AN - 16179207; 5955181 AB - The uptake of Eu super(3+) by elongating oat roots was studied by fluorescence spectroscopy, fluorescence lifetime measurement, and a laser excitation time-resolved confocal fluorescence profiling technique. The results of this work indicated that initial uptake of Eu super(3+) was highest within the undifferentiated cells of the root tip just behind the root cap, a region of maximal cell growth and differentiation and with incomplete formation of the Casparian strip around the central vascular cylinder. Distribution of assimilated Eu super(3+) within the root's differentiation and elongation zone was nonuniform. Higher concentrations of Eu super(3+) were observed within the vascular cylinder, specifically in the phloem and developing xylem parenchyma. Elevated levels of the metal were also observed in the root hairs of the mature root zone. Fluorescence spectroscopic characteristics of the assimilated Eu super(3+) suggested that the Eu super(3+) exists as inner-sphere mononuclear complexes inside the root. This work also demonstrated the effectiveness of a time-resolved Eu super(3+) fluorescence spectroscopy and confocal fluorescence profiling techniques for the in vivo, real-time study of metal [Eu super(3+)] accumulation by a functioning intact plant root. This approach can prove valuable for basic and applied studies in plant nutrition and environmental uptake of actinide radionuclides. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Fellows, R J AU - Wang, Zheming AU - Ainsworth, C C AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MS K8-96, Richland, WA 99352, USA, Zheming.Wang@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003/11/15/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Nov 15 SP - 5247 EP - 5253 VL - 37 IS - 22 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Fluorescence KW - Bioaccumulation KW - Avena sativa KW - Europium KW - Microscopy KW - Plants KW - Lasers KW - Radioactivity KW - Spectroscopy KW - P 8000:RADIATION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16179207?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Europium+Uptake+and+Partitioning+in+Oat+%28Avena+sativa%29+Roots+as+Studied+by+Laser-induced+Fluorescence+Spectroscopy+and+Confocal+Microscopy+Profiling+Technique&rft.au=Fellows%2C+R+J%3BWang%2C+Zheming%3BAinsworth%2C+C+C&rft.aulast=Fellows&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2003-11-15&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=22&rft.spage=5247&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bioaccumulation; Fluorescence; Microscopy; Europium; Plants; Lasers; Radioactivity; Spectroscopy; Avena sativa ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Towards an integration of physical and microbiological properties AN - 51827111; 2004-041045 AB - While novel microbial interactions and new sources of subsurface energy continue to be discovered, numerous geophysical and geochemical properties that determine microbial characteristics are, in principal, understood. However, applying this knowledge to subsurface systems is complicated by issues of defining the most limiting parameter or process, reconciling scale and frequency of measurement to the site and regional context, and understanding the richness of physiological states and interactions that occur in microbial populations. This presentation will provide an overview of the properties that are known (or thought) to be primary determinants of microbial characteristics in the subsurface, and introduce physiological and ecological concepts that offer the potential to improve the mapping of microbial activities to hydrogeochemical categories. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Brockman, Fred J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 379 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - physical properties KW - physiology KW - physicochemical properties KW - ecology KW - hydrochemistry KW - geochemistry KW - concepts KW - microorganisms KW - ground water KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51827111?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Towards+an+integration+of+physical+and+microbiological+properties&rft.au=Brockman%2C+Fred+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Brockman&rft.aufirst=Fred&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=379&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - concepts; ecology; geochemistry; ground water; hydrochemistry; microorganisms; physical properties; physicochemical properties; physiology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Groundwater contamination at U. S. Department of Energy's Hanford Site AN - 51812115; 2004-065428 AB - Past disposal of liquid waste to the ground at the U.S. Department of Energy's Hanford Site has created contaminant plumes in the unconfined aquifer. These plumes have spread over the years, some discharging to the Columbia River. Each year, the Department samples approximately 650 wells, some of them quarterly or monthly, to track these plumes, meet multiple regulatory requirements, and assess the effectiveness of groundwater and vadose zone remediation. Sampling and analysis are coordinated to eliminate redundancy when wells are sampled for more than one objective, and data are stored in a central database. The most widespread contaminant is tritium from sources in the central part of the site. The portion of the tritium plume originating in east-central Hanford flows through highly permeable sediments and has traveled more than 20 km. Plumes originating in west-central Hanford, where the aquifer is less permeable, have moved only approximately 3 km. Because there is no practical treatment method for tritium, the plumes will probably be left to attenuate naturally. The tritium plumes have shrunk since 1990. Carbon tetrachloride beneath west-central Hanford forms the largest organic contaminant plume. Remediation in the vadose zone and unconfined aquifer limit the spreading of the plume's center. There is limited evidence of greater lateral spread at depth than near the water table in some locations. Hexavalent chromium is a contaminant of concern near the Columbia River in the former reactor areas. It moves readily through coarse-grained sediment and discharges to the river at concentrations above the drinking water standard. Though the sources are being remediated, chromium levels remain high in groundwater, and four sites are being treated to reduce the amount of chromium reaching the river. Strontium-90 plumes tend to be smaller because strontium sorbs to sediment in the vadose zone and aquifer. However, concentrations exceed the drinking water standard in riverbank springs near one reactor area. Strontium-90 does not lend itself to cleanup via pump-and-treat, so alternative remedial methods are being explored. Uranium, present in the southeastern part of the site near the river, also interacts with sediment grains, slowing its movement in groundwater. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Hartman, Mary J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 531 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - Sr-90 KW - U. S. Department of Energy KW - contaminant plumes KW - isotopes KW - government agencies KW - data processing KW - tritium KW - remediation KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - data bases KW - chromium KW - alkaline earth metals KW - Washington KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - aquifers KW - liquid waste KW - metals KW - hydrogen KW - waste disposal KW - strontium KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51812115?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Groundwater+contamination+at+U.+S.+Department+of+Energy%27s+Hanford+Site&rft.au=Hartman%2C+Mary+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hartman&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=531&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; aquifers; chromium; contaminant plumes; data bases; data processing; government agencies; ground water; Hanford Site; hydrogen; isotopes; liquid waste; metals; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; remediation; Sr-90; strontium; transport; tritium; U. S. Department of Energy; United States; Washington; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geochemistry in Hanford's vadose zone; recent scientific findings and key uncertainties AN - 51812078; 2004-065430 AB - The vadose zone at Hanford is an unsaturated region between 10 and 60 m in depth that lies between surface soil and groundwater. The vadose zone sediments are of glacio-fluvial origin, and physical properties can exhibit extreme vertical heterogeneity at the 0.25 m scale and above. The geochemical regime is mildly calcareous. The sediments are relatively unweathered and contain minor detrital phyllosilicates and few secondary metal oxides. The Hanford vadose zone has received large inventories of inorganic (Na, NO3, Cr), radioactive (137Cs, 90Sr, 60Co, 99Tc, U, Pu) and organic (e.g., CCl4) contaminants as a result of past practices disposal (e.g., cribs, retention basins, and disposal trenches) and the leakage of single shell (SS)-high level waste (HLW) tanks. Most of these contaminants are sorbed to vadose sediments by different mechanisms, and some are migrating to and entering groundwater. Here we focus on the migration behavior of HLW, dealing with several case studies from Hanford's tank farms (S-SX; B-BX-BY; T-TX-TY) that are currently under regulatory mandated characterization. Contaminant distributions will be shown beneath SS tanks that have leaked waste solutions of markedly different composition and overall sediment reactivity (e.g., REDOX boiling waste, Sr recovery waste, and high U metal waste). The development of conceptual models for the geochemical interaction/retardation of select contaminants [e.g., 137Cs, 90Sr, U, and Cr(VI)] within these plumes will be highlighted using information from laboratory sorption/desorption studies and results of mineralogic residence/chemical speciation measurements by different methods that include X-ray microscopy and spectroscopy. Important adsorption and precipitation/dissolution processes will be identified, and insights will be provided on fruitful and needed areas of fundamental research to resolve critical issues of contaminant migration. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Zachara, John M AU - McKinley, James P AU - Liu, Chongxuan AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 531 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - Washington KW - isotopes KW - pollutants KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - current research KW - radioactive waste KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - sediments KW - theoretical models KW - waste disposal KW - heterogeneity KW - geochemistry KW - uncertainty KW - Eh KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51812078?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Geochemistry+in+Hanford%27s+vadose+zone%3B+recent+scientific+findings+and+key+uncertainties&rft.au=Zachara%2C+John+M%3BMcKinley%2C+James+P%3BLiu%2C+Chongxuan%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zachara&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=531&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - current research; Eh; geochemistry; Hanford Site; heterogeneity; isotopes; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; sediments; theoretical models; transport; uncertainty; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating the potential for offsite migration of contaminants through the upper basalt aquifer system in the southern part of the Hanford Site, Washington AN - 51811670; 2004-065429 AB - Most groundwater contamination beneath the Hanford Site is within saturated sediments that overlie the basalt bedrock. However, lower concentrations of contaminants are also present within the upper basalt-confined aquifer, which is composed of sedimentary interbeds and interflow zones within the Saddle Mountains Basalt Formation. Because groundwater in this aquifer flows to the southeast, it has been identified as a potential pathway for contaminants to migrate across the southern boundary of the site and into areas where the aquifer is used as a source of water supply. The situation is complicated by application of imported irrigation water just south of the site boundary and pumping from the upper basalt-confined aquifer. Hydrogeologic and hydrochemical data, including new samples from offsite wells, were examined to evaluate the potential for offsite migration of contaminants. Geological information was used to create cross sections showing the configuration of the upper basalt-confined aquifer. And hydraulic heads were measured and mapped to indicate flow direction. Based on the available data, it was determined that contaminants have not moved offsite through the upper basalt-confined aquifer. However, the potential for future offsite migration is affected by current and future pumping of the upper basalt-confined aquifer and recharge from imported irrigation water. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Thorne, Paul D AU - Newcomer, Darrell R AU - Liikala, Terry L AU - Thornton, Edward C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 531 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - Washington KW - volcanic rocks KW - pollutants KW - igneous rocks KW - confined aquifers KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - saturated zone KW - transport KW - basalts KW - sediments KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51811670?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Evaluating+the+potential+for+offsite+migration+of+contaminants+through+the+upper+basalt+aquifer+system+in+the+southern+part+of+the+Hanford+Site%2C+Washington&rft.au=Thorne%2C+Paul+D%3BNewcomer%2C+Darrell+R%3BLiikala%2C+Terry+L%3BThornton%2C+Edward+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Thorne&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=531&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; basalts; confined aquifers; ground water; Hanford Site; hydraulic conductivity; igneous rocks; pollutants; pollution; radioactive waste; saturated zone; sediments; transport; United States; volcanic rocks; Washington; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrogeology of the Hanford Site vadose zone AN - 51811573; 2004-065422 AB - The vadose zone at the Department of Energy's Hanford Site in the Pasco Basin, south-central Washington, consists of mostly Pleistocene-age cataclysmic flood deposits, informally referred to as the Hanford formation. Locally, pre-flood deposits of the Cold Creek unit (formerly the Plio-Pleistocene unit) and the Ringold Formation may lie between the Hanford formation and the water table (DOE 2002). A thin veneer of post-Hanford Formation eolian deposits occurs at the surface. Based on observations of outcrops and a limited number of drill cores, the Hanford Formation can be subdivided into 11 textural-structural lithofacies, which group into three facies associations (gravel-dominated [GD], sand-dominated [SD], and interbedded sand- and silt-dominated [ISSD]). GD flood deposits lie along flood channels through the central portion of the Pasco Basin, while ISSD flood deposits occur around the basin margins. SD is transitional between GD and ISSD and is the principal unit beneath the 200 Area Waste-Management Units, while GD predominates beneath Hanford's 100 Areas. Flood deposits are inherently heterogeneous and anisotropic due to the highly complex interplay between channels and bars during multiple flood episodes. Moisture in the vadose zone is typically concentrated along high-contrast bed interfaces as well as along finer grained layers within the Hanford formation and Cold Creek unit. Precipitation and waste-water discharges may migrate downward along discordant features, such as clastic dikes, or spread laterally, sometimes in a stair-step fashion, along overlapping series of anisotropic, discontinuous strata. High-moisture retaining facies occur in all strata, but are most frequent in ISSD and least frequent in GD flood deposits. Studies are ongoing to evaluate the physical and chemical characteristics of vadose-zone strata and assign hydrologic properties to each sediment type for modeling purposes. DOE, 2002, Standardized Stratigraphic Nomenclature for the Post-Ringold-Formation sediments Within the central Pasco Basin, DOE/RL-2002-39, Rev. 0, U.S. Department of Energy, Richland, Washington. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Bjornstad, Bruce N AU - Last, George V AU - Horton, Duane G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 530 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - Hanford Formation KW - Washington KW - Quaternary KW - geologic hazards KW - clastic sediments KW - moisture KW - physicochemical properties KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - radioactive waste KW - Cenozoic KW - lithofacies KW - sediments KW - floods KW - Pleistocene KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51811573?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Hydrogeology+of+the+Hanford+Site+vadose+zone&rft.au=Bjornstad%2C+Bruce+N%3BLast%2C+George+V%3BHorton%2C+Duane+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bjornstad&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=530&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cenozoic; clastic sediments; floods; geologic hazards; Hanford Formation; Hanford Site; lithofacies; moisture; physicochemical properties; Pleistocene; pollution; Quaternary; radioactive waste; sediments; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental geology of the Hanford Site AN - 51811378; 2004-065420 AB - As a consequence of production and waste storage activities associated with Pu production, the Hanford Site (1,450 km (super 2) ) has radionuclide and chemical contamination in saturated and unsaturated sediments. The geology of the site strongly influences groundwater flow and contaminant transport. Broadly, the contaminants in the central part of the site move through a 70m thick vadose zone to the groundwater, which then has the potential to transport them to discharge zones along the Columbia River. Each transport process--1) unsaturated transport, 2) saturated transport, and 3) discharge to the Columbia River--involves heterogeneous and anisotropic geologic units dominated by variably coarse to fine continental clastic sediments. Specific units include the Neogene Ringold Formation, the late Pliocene to Pleistocene Cold Creek Unit, the Pleistocene Hanford formation, and Holocene alluvial sediments, all of which are underlain by Columbia River Basalt. The Ringold Formation forms much of the unconfined aquifer beneath the site and consists of sediments deposited by the proto-Columbia River system over about a 5 Ma aggradational period. Facies include fluvial channel and overbank deposits, lacustrine deposits, alluvial fans, and paleosols. The Cold Creek Unit disconformably overlies the Ringold Formation and consists of eolian, alluvial, and colluvial deposits with paleosols. The Hanford Formation occupies much of the vadose zone on the site and consists of boulder to silt size sediments deposited by a series of cataclysmic Ice-Age floods, mostly from glacial Lake Missoula. Mapping of the sedimentary facies in the subsurface using excavations, boreholes and geophysical data, has identified heterogeneity and anisotropy that control unsaturated and saturated flow in the supra-basalt sediments (e.g., polygonal networks of clastic dikes). Understanding the flow and transport properties of sediment facies at Hanford is crucial to development of reactive transport models at a range of scales. Only when we can relate pore- and mm-scale transport phenomena (including a full range of geochemical and microbial reactions) to detailed facies models extensible to the decimeter and kilometer scale will we be able to fully exploit Hanford geology for improving predictions of future risk posed by contaminants at the site. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Long, Philip AU - Last, George V AU - Bjornstad, Bruce N AU - Reidel, Stephen AU - Fecht, Karl AU - Majer, Ernest AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 530 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - Hanford Formation KW - Washington KW - Quaternary KW - clastic sediments KW - Columbia River KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - Ringold Formation KW - environmental analysis KW - radioactive waste KW - Cenozoic KW - lithofacies KW - Cold Creek Unit KW - Tertiary KW - transport KW - Neogene KW - sediments KW - Pliocene KW - Pleistocene KW - waste disposal KW - heterogeneity KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51811378?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Environmental+geology+of+the+Hanford+Site&rft.au=Long%2C+Philip%3BLast%2C+George+V%3BBjornstad%2C+Bruce+N%3BReidel%2C+Stephen%3BFecht%2C+Karl%3BMajer%2C+Ernest%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Long&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=530&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cenozoic; clastic sediments; Cold Creek Unit; Columbia River; environmental analysis; Hanford Formation; Hanford Site; heterogeneity; lithofacies; Neogene; Pleistocene; Pliocene; pollution; Quaternary; radioactive waste; Ringold Formation; sediments; Tertiary; transport; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High-resolution modeling studies of vadose zone reactive transport AN - 51811177; 2004-065426 AB - An exposed section of the Hanford vadose zone was characterized for hydrogeological and geochemical properties at the millimeter scale using high-resolution visible and infrared imaging, in situ measurements (air and water permeability), cation exchange capacity, grain size sampling, and statistical correlation. A key feature of sediments from this area of the Hanford Site is the clear inverse functional dependence of cation exchange capacity on grain size. This correlation was used in conjunction with the highly resolved spatial distribution of sediment textures for the exposed face at the Army Loop Road Field Site, to provide an equivalently detailed distribution of cation exchange capacity. The focus of study was the reactive transport of strontium-90 in physically and geochemically heterogeneous unsaturated sediments. In this system, the mobility of strontium-90 is controlled by multicomponent ion exchange and mineral precipitation and dissolution. Two-dimensional reactive transport simulations for an experimental release of strontium and magnesium at the field site were performed at 1-mm spatial resolution to identify the impact of multiscale property variability on the behavior of strontium in the vadose zone under a range of recharge conditions. Parallel processing subsurface simulators were used to accommodate the large number of grid cells and components as well as the comprehensive coupling of flow, transport, and reaction processes. The simulations were designed to test the sensitivity of strontium mobility to small-scale recharge-dependent transport pathways and the preferential distribution of exchange sites with respect to those pathways. Of particular interest were exclusion effects that lead to the bypassing of reactive surfaces at different flow regimes. (The relationships used to transform the digital images into high-resolution distributions for predictive flow and transport models are discussed in the companion paper by Ward et al., "Integration of Multi-scale Physical and Chemical Heterogeneities Using High-Resolution Digital Images.") JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Yabusaki, Steve B AU - Ward, Andy L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 531 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - Sr-90 KW - high-resolution methods KW - alkaline earth metals KW - Washington KW - cation exchange capacity KW - isotopes KW - grain size KW - statistical analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - data processing KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - radioactive waste KW - radioactive isotopes KW - infrared methods KW - transport KW - metals KW - sediments KW - waste disposal KW - heterogeneity KW - strontium KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51811177?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=High-resolution+modeling+studies+of+vadose+zone+reactive+transport&rft.au=Yabusaki%2C+Steve+B%3BWard%2C+Andy+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Yabusaki&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=531&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; cation exchange capacity; data processing; geophysical methods; grain size; Hanford Site; heterogeneity; high-resolution methods; infrared methods; isotopes; metals; pollution; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; sediments; Sr-90; statistical analysis; strontium; transport; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Integration of multi-scale physical and chemical heterogeneities using high-resolution digital images AN - 51811035; 2004-065425 AB - High-resolution data sets are needed to improve our understanding of the interaction between subsurface advective, dispersive, and exchange processes and the impact of multi-scale heterogeneity. However, development of these data sets has been hampered by disparities in the scale at which these processes occur and typical scale of characterization. We demonstrate an outcrop analog concept in which high-resolution digital images are used to integrate physical and chemical heterogeneities across multiple spatial scales. High-resolution visible and infrared images of a dike dig face on the Hanford Site were compiled into a mosaic spanning heterogeneities from the millimeter scale to tens of meters. Measurements with in situ characterization tools (water and air permeameters) were used to develop a coarse-scale hydrofacies map. This map was supplemented with sedimentological (grain size distribution) hydraulic (water retention, permeability) and hydrogeochemical (distribution coefficient, cation exchange capacity) properties derived from sediment samples. These properties were regressed on grain size and sorting parameters to obtain predictive relationships for the measurement scale. Hydrogeological and hydrogeochemical properties showed strong correlations with texture, as represented by a mean grain size and sorting index. The resulting relationships were used to transform the digital images into high-resolution lithofacies, hydrofacies and chemofacies distributions for input into predictive flow and reactive transport models. This approach is applicable to the generation of multi-dimensional, multi-parameter data sets for input into high-resolution numerical models. The impact of multi-scale heterogeneities on subsurface flow in the dike outcrop is demonstrated in a series of simulations with the STOMP simulator. A companion paper by Yabusaki and Ward explores the impact of heterogeneous sorption parameters derived by this method on the transport (super 90) Sr. This work was funded through The Hanford Ground Water Protection Project by the U.S. Department of Energy. The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated for the U.S. Department of Energy by Battelle under Contract DE-AC06-76RL01830. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Ward, Andy L AU - Gee, Glendon W AU - Murray, Chris J AU - Zhang, Z Fred AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 531 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - high-resolution methods KW - Washington KW - STOMP KW - physicochemical properties KW - data processing KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - hydrochemistry KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - digital simulation KW - sediments KW - waste disposal KW - heterogeneity KW - geochemistry KW - image analysis KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51811035?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Integration+of+multi-scale+physical+and+chemical+heterogeneities+using+high-resolution+digital+images&rft.au=Ward%2C+Andy+L%3BGee%2C+Glendon+W%3BMurray%2C+Chris+J%3BZhang%2C+Z+Fred%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ward&rft.aufirst=Andy&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=531&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - data processing; digital simulation; geochemistry; ground water; Hanford Site; heterogeneity; high-resolution methods; hydrochemistry; image analysis; physicochemical properties; pollution; radioactive waste; sediments; STOMP; United States; Washington; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A comparison of the use of radar images and neutron probe data to determine spatial variability in water content at Hanford AN - 51811004; 2004-065423 AB - Surface-based ground penetrating radar (GPR) data were collected at the Sisson and Lu Injection Test Site in the 200 East Area at Hanford to assess the use of radar images as a means of quantifying the subsurface distribution in water content (theta (sub w) ). Available at the test site were two sets of water content data derived from neutron probe measurements that had been made to a depth of approximately 18 m in 32 wells. The first question we asked: Do the locations and amplitudes of the reflections in the radar data correspond to changes in theta (sub w) ? In order to address this issue, the probe-derived water content data were used to generate synthetic radar data, i.e. the radar data that would be obtained if theta (sub w) alone were controlling the radar response. Many of the features in the synthetic radar data were found to be present in the acquired 30 m radar section indicating that the amplitudes and locations of the radar reflections do correspond to changes in subsurface theta (sub w) . This observed correspondence led to the second part of the study. We tested the idea that quantifying the spatial distribution of the radar reflections, in terms of the horizontal correlation structure, could be used to quantify the correlation structure in subsurface theta (sub w) . Geostatistical analysis was conducted of the two sets of theta (sub w) - values and of the amplitudes of the reflections in the radar section. The geostatistical analysis of the radar reflection image yielded a correlation structure similar to that obtained from neutron probe-derived theta (sub w) values, with a correlation length on the order of 10 to 14 m seen in both data sets. The limited horizontal extent of both the neutron probe data ( approximately 16 m) and radar data (30 m), relative to the correlation length, suggests that the true correlation length of the subsurface water content may be underestimated in modeling the semivariograms of both data sets. The radar data, with a sample spacing of 20 cm (compared to approximately 2 m for the probe data) provided additional evidence of structure at the sub-meter scale. We conclude that surface-based radar should be further explored for use at Hanford and at other sites where measurements obtained in wells are insufficient to provide the required detailed information about spatial variability in theta (sub w) . JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Knight, Rosemary AU - Irving, James AU - Tercier, Paulette AU - Freeman, Gene AU - Murray, Chris J AU - Rockhold, Mark AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 530 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - water KW - United States KW - Washington KW - ground-penetrating radar KW - statistical analysis KW - unsaturated zone KW - radar methods KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - geostatistics KW - radioactive waste KW - spatial variations KW - neutron probe data KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51811004?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=A+comparison+of+the+use+of+radar+images+and+neutron+probe+data+to+determine+spatial+variability+in+water+content+at+Hanford&rft.au=Knight%2C+Rosemary%3BIrving%2C+James%3BTercier%2C+Paulette%3BFreeman%2C+Gene%3BMurray%2C+Chris+J%3BRockhold%2C+Mark%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Knight&rft.aufirst=Rosemary&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=530&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - geostatistics; ground-penetrating radar; Hanford Site; neutron probe data; pollution; radar methods; radioactive waste; spatial variations; statistical analysis; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington; waste disposal; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrogeology of the unconfined aquifer at the U. S. Department of Energy Hanford Site, Washington State AN - 51810495; 2004-065427 AB - The Hanford Site, a facility in the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) nuclear weapons complex located in southeastern Washington State, was acquired by the federal government in 1943. Until the 1980s, the site was dedicated primarily to the production of plutonium for national defense and waste management. Groundwater in the unconfined aquifer generally flows from recharge areas west of the Hanford Site and discharges to the Columbia River. The natural pattern of groundwater flow was altered by discharge of large volumes of wastewater to the ground. During the first 50 years of operations, 400 to 450 billion gallons of water, often contaminated, were released to the soil, primarily via ponds and cribs. This resulted in groundwater mounding up to 24 meters in some portions of the site and created highly transient groundwater conditions. Contaminants were also discharged to the unconfined aquifer by other means including retention trenches, injection wells, and waste disposal in pits, trenches, and landfills. High-level radioactive wastes are stored in 177 tanks at Hanford, some of which have leaked through the vadose zone and impacted groundwater. Approximately 200 square kilometers of groundwater in the unconfined aquifer is contaminated above drinking water standards, including plumes of tritium, iodine-129, nitrate, carbon tetrachloride, trichloroethene, chromium, strontium-90, technetium-99, and uranium. The distribution of these contaminants is controlled by past waste management operations, groundwater flow, and complex interactions with the site geology. Most wastewater discharge was terminated in the mid 1990s, causing a decline in the mounded water table and furthering the complexity of the groundwater flow system and contaminant migration. DOE has monitored groundwater quality across the Hanford Site since operations began, and at six of the groundwater plumes, interim remedial actions are underway. These actions include: pumping and treating plumes; reactive barriers; and monitoring. Research and development efforts and modeling are underway to develop final cleanup decisions for these groundwater contaminant plumes. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Freshley, Mark D AU - Luttrell, Stuart P AU - Fruchter, Jonathan S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 531 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - U. S. Department of Energy KW - Washington KW - contaminant plumes KW - pollutants KW - government agencies KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - decontamination KW - water treatment KW - waste disposal KW - discharge KW - unconfined aquifers KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51810495?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Hydrogeology+of+the+unconfined+aquifer+at+the+U.+S.+Department+of+Energy+Hanford+Site%2C+Washington+State&rft.au=Freshley%2C+Mark+D%3BLuttrell%2C+Stuart+P%3BFruchter%2C+Jonathan+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Freshley&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=531&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; contaminant plumes; decontamination; discharge; government agencies; ground water; Hanford Site; pollutants; pollution; radioactive waste; U. S. Department of Energy; unconfined aquifers; United States; Washington; waste disposal; water treatment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Vadose zone hydrogeology of the Hanford Site AN - 51810473; 2004-065421 AB - The U.S. Department of Energy's Hanford Site is an inactive nuclear production complex in southeastern Washington State. The site was built along the Columbia River in 1943 in the semiarid Pasco Basin of the Columbia Plateau. During the operational period, nuclear and chemical wastes were released into the environment. Significant waste quantities currently reside in the vadose zone and will continue to be disposed there in engineered facilities. Vadose zone hydrogeology is the primary control on the ultimate fate of those wastes. The thickness of the vadose zone ranges from less than one meter near the river to more than 100 meters beneath the central production facilities. Most of the sediments are glacio-fluvial sands and gravels of the Hanford Formation with complex and highly variable structure. In some areas, the deeper vadose zone consists of the fluvial-lacustrine sediments of the Ringold Formation. The whole is mantled by weakly developed soils that tend to be slightly finer in texture than the underlying sediments. Water is the primary agent for mobilizing and transporting waste in the vadose zone. Water sources include precipitation, runoff, and artificial recharge (dilute and hypersaline solutions). After site closure, natural recharge will be the primary water source. Part of the site cleanup strategy is to deploy surface barriers above waste disposal sites to minimize water infiltration. Numerous studies have been conducted to understand the vadose zone: measurements of physical and hydraulic properties and their variability, characterization of specific features such as clastic dikes, measurements of recharge rates under natural and engineered conditions, and model predictions of contaminant fate and transport. Challenges, however, remain. How do we represent features that cause water to diverge from strictly vertical gravity-driven flow, complicating the movement of contaminants? How do we adequately represent properties in numerical models when the size and extent of the vadose zone dwarfs the measurement domain of studies conducted to date? How will potential runoff from surface barriers impact the vadose zone, and thus the waste, beneath the barriers? How long will surface barriers perform as designed? These and other issues are being considered and will be addressed before Site closure. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Fayer, Michael James AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 530 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - Washington KW - pollutants KW - Columbia River KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - radioactive waste KW - recharge KW - transport KW - decontamination KW - runoff KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51810473?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Vadose+zone+hydrogeology+of+the+Hanford+Site&rft.au=Fayer%2C+Michael+James%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Fayer&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=530&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Columbia River; decontamination; Hanford Site; hydraulic conductivity; hydrology; pollutants; pollution; radioactive waste; recharge; runoff; transport; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potential hydrogen bonding sites in kyanite, andalusite, and sillimanite AN - 51796979; 2004-073774 AB - It has been shown that water can be incorporated within the structures of nominally anhydrous silicates, including the aluminosilicate polymorphs, kyanite, andalusite, and sillimanite [1]. Although numerous studies have investigated the stabilities of the aluminosilicate polymorphs, little is know about the incorporation of hydrogen within these minerals. This study examines potential hydrogen bonding sites within the aluminosilicate polymorphs based on an analysis of the Laplacian of the electron density distribution, following the method of Ross et al. [2]. The CRYSTAL98 program [3] was used to generate analytical electron density distributions for kyanite, andalusite and sillimanite, and TOPOND [4] was used to locate the (3,-3) critical points. The (3,-3) critical points correspond to regions of nonbonding electron pairs and help pinpoint potential sites of electrophilic attack by hydrogen, for example [5]. Although (3,-3) critical points are found on all oxygen atoms in the aluminosilicate polymorphs, our results indicate that O1 in andalusite and O2 in sillimanite are prime sites for protonation. These oxygens are solely coordinated to three aluminum atoms and have bond valences of 1.88 v.u. and 1.87 v.u., respectively. The location of the (3,-3) critical points indicate that the potential sites are large enough to accommodate hydrogen and also indicate that the O-H bonds in andalusite and sillimanite are highly directional. In andalusite, the O-H vectors lie within (001) and are approximately parallel to [-1 1 0] and [110]. In sillimanite, the O-H vectors also lie within (001) but are oriented closer to [010]. The location of potential sites for hydrogen in kyanite is less clear. However, the positions of the (3,-3) critical points on O2 and O6, which are bonded to four aluminum atoms, have highly optimized geometries for protonation. [1] Bell D.R. and Rossman G.R. (1992) Science, 255, 1391-1397. [2] Ross N.L., Gibbs, G.V., and Rosso, K.M. (2003) Am. Mineral., in press. [3] Saunders V.R., Dovesi R., Roetti C., Causa M., Harrison N. M., Orlando R., and Zicovich-Wilson C. M. (1998) CRYSTAL98 User's Manual. Univ. of Torino. [4] Gatti C. (1997) TOPOND96 User's Manual, CNR-CSRSRC. [5] Bader R.F.W., MacDougall P.J. and Lau C.D.H. (1984) J. Am. Chem. Soc., 106, 1594-1605. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Burt, J B AU - Ross, N L AU - Gibbs, G V AU - Rosso, K M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 621 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - silicates KW - andalusite KW - numerical analysis KW - sillimanite KW - kyanite KW - data processing KW - bonding KW - Laplace transformations KW - nesosilicates KW - computer programs KW - polymorphism KW - CRYSTAL98 KW - aluminosilicates KW - hydrogen KW - digital simulation KW - orthosilicates KW - TOPOND KW - crystal chemistry KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51796979?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Potential+hydrogen+bonding+sites+in+kyanite%2C+andalusite%2C+and+sillimanite&rft.au=Burt%2C+J+B%3BRoss%2C+N+L%3BGibbs%2C+G+V%3BRosso%2C+K+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Burt&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=621&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aluminosilicates; andalusite; bonding; computer programs; crystal chemistry; CRYSTAL98; data processing; digital simulation; hydrogen; kyanite; Laplace transformations; nesosilicates; numerical analysis; orthosilicates; polymorphism; silicates; sillimanite; TOPOND ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Columbia River basalts; do they leak? A retrospective of BWIP program data AN - 51789066; 2004-081396 AB - A key issue in deep repository performance is the degree of hydraulic communication or leakage of the repository horizon to overlying aquifers or other pervious hydrogeologic units. This was particularly relevant for the Basalt Waste Isolation Project (BWIP), which evaluated the suitability of basalts, a fractured crystalline rock-type, for high-level radioactive waste containment. The question of basalt intercommunication continues to be an issue for state and federal agencies concerned with groundwater-resource management and private companies interested in the viability of basalts for underground natural gas storage or as potential carbon sequestration reservoirs. The Columbia River Basalts constitute a large flood-basalt province in the Pacific Northwest, covering 163,000 km (super 2) . At its deepest location, the basalt has an aggregate, composite thickness of >4,000 meters. Thick interior sections within basalt flows at the Hanford Site in Washington State were identified as part of site characterization investigations in the mid-1980's as possible candidate horizons for a high-level nuclear repository being considered by the United States. The Hanford Site, together with a salt site in Deaf Smith, Texas, was abandoned by U.S. Congressional mandate in 1987 in favor of a tuff site currently being investigated at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. Inferential site characterization data collected as part of the BWIP program (hydrochemical/isotopic data, hydraulic properties, and opportunistic head responses induced by high-stress drilling operations) suggest that within the Hanford Site only low pervasive intercommunication exists, with significant vertical communication occurring along major structural features. Hydrochemical/isotopic data also reflect the distinct separation of aquifers except in areas where major faulting and deformation has occurred. A large-scale hydrologic stress test (pumping test) was planned during the BWIP program to assess intercommunication both laterally and vertically across selected basalt flows. Although the tests were not completed, the data gathered during the site characterization can be used to address questions about basalt intercommunication. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Spane, Frank AU - Reidel, Stephen P AU - Johnson, Vernon G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 136 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - hazardous waste KW - flood basalts KW - volcanic rocks KW - igneous rocks KW - underground storage tanks KW - waste disposal sites KW - reservoir rocks KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - Cenozoic KW - fractures KW - Basalt Waste Isolation Project KW - movement KW - basalts KW - discharge KW - Yucca Mountain KW - Nevada KW - hydrology KW - Washington KW - Columbia River Basalt Group KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - properties KW - Nye County Nevada KW - Miocene KW - aquifers KW - Tertiary KW - Neogene KW - BWIP KW - large igneous provinces KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - waste disposal KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51789066?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Columbia+River+basalts%3B+do+they+leak%3F+A+retrospective+of+BWIP+program+data&rft.au=Spane%2C+Frank%3BReidel%2C+Stephen+P%3BJohnson%2C+Vernon+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Spane&rft.aufirst=Frank&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=136&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; Basalt Waste Isolation Project; basalts; BWIP; Cenozoic; Columbia River Basalt Group; discharge; flood basalts; fractures; ground water; Hanford Site; hazardous waste; hydraulic conductivity; hydrology; igneous rocks; large igneous provinces; Miocene; movement; Neogene; Nevada; Nye County Nevada; pollution; properties; radioactive waste; reservoir rocks; Tertiary; underground storage tanks; United States; volcanic rocks; Washington; waste disposal; waste disposal sites; Yucca Mountain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ongoing deformation and state of stress in the Columbia River flood basalts AN - 51788344; 2004-081395 AB - Over thirty years of instrumental seismic monitoring indicates ongoing deformation in the area of eastern Washington occupied by the Columbia River Flood Basalts. Most of the observed seismicity is associated with the Yakima Fold Belt, a series of east-west reverse faults and folds. Focal mechanisms of micro-earthquakes in the basalt show that these events are a result of north-south-oriented maximum compressive stress, consistent with the long-term formation of these geologic structures. The association of seismicity and the Yakima Fold Belt is of a regional nature rather than correlating with known faults or showing significant planar alignments that would indicate subsurface faults. Focal mechanisms for micro-earthquakes in the sub-basalt sediments and basement rocks also indicate this state of stress even though the vertical overburden stresses are greater. In the western part of the Yakima Fold Belt and the Cascade Range, there is a tendency for an increased element of (presumably right-lateral) strike-slip focal mechanisms, where the minimum compressive stress is oriented east-west rather than vertical. Seismicity in the basalts typically occurs as earthquake swarms, a series of tens to hundreds of micro-earthquakes that gradually increase in frequency and magnitude over periods of weeks to months, but without including an outstanding large event. This may indicate that the heterogeneous strength of the multiple basalt layers may lead to clusters of relatively small events within individual layers, separated in time due to slow plastic deformation and/or fluid flow in the weaker zones between them. Seismicity in the basalt layers is higher than in the sub-basalt layers, and the basalt group may form a rigid stress guide above the sub-basalt sediments. Variation in thickness of the basalt flows, or the existence of pre-existing fractures developed during growth of the Yakima Folds, does not seem consistent with the current seismicity pattern. The strength and thickness of sub-basalt layers may affect the stresses in the basalts. A basement high to the north may produce a buttress effect that affects the stresses and the structures of the Yakima Fold Belt. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Rohay, Alan C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 136 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - flood basalts KW - Washington KW - volcanic rocks KW - igneous rocks KW - stress KW - Columbia River Basalt Group KW - strike-slip faults KW - deformation KW - Miocene KW - Cenozoic KW - Cascade Range KW - Tertiary KW - neotectonics KW - seismicity KW - Neogene KW - basalts KW - large igneous provinces KW - Yakima fold belt KW - tectonics KW - compression KW - earthquakes KW - faults KW - 16:Structural geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51788344?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Ongoing+deformation+and+state+of+stress+in+the+Columbia+River+flood+basalts&rft.au=Rohay%2C+Alan+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Rohay&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=136&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - basalts; Cascade Range; Cenozoic; Columbia River Basalt Group; compression; deformation; earthquakes; faults; flood basalts; igneous rocks; large igneous provinces; Miocene; Neogene; neotectonics; seismicity; stress; strike-slip faults; tectonics; Tertiary; United States; volcanic rocks; Washington; Yakima fold belt ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biostratigraphy of Columbia River Basalt Group petrified forests AN - 51787468; 2004-081496 AB - Well-known CRBG petrified wood localities in central Washington are placed in a stratigraphic context in an effort to determine their occurrence, lateral extent, and mode of deposition. Three major petrified forests are recognized on the basis of in situ stumps, forest litter, soil horizons and abundance of logs. These forests correspond to and help define temporal lulls in flood basalt activity: Umtanum Petrified Forest at the Umtanum unit/Sentinal Bluffs unit of the Grande Ronde Basalt ( approximately 15.6 mya); Ginkgo Petrified Forest at the Vantage interbed/Ginkgo flow of the Wanapum Basalt ( approximately 15.5-15.4 mya); and Saddle Mountains Petrified Forest at the Roza flow/Priest Rapids flow of the Wanapum Basalt ( approximately 14.5 mya). Widespread localities with abundant petrified wood at the latest Grande Ronde Basalt/Vantage interbed/Ginkgo flow zone suggest that the unique lahar deposition of logs at Ginkgo Petrified Forest State Park, from a probable northwesterly volcanic event, may have also had a major local derivation. Ginkgo Petrified Forest is tentatively expanded to include several petrified wood assemblages. Three other important sites are cataloged: an unnamed in situ petrified forest at Locke Lake, WA/Mosier, OR, at the Ginkgo flow/Sand Hollow flow level; petrified wood at Roosevelt, WA, possibly in upper Priest Rapids flows; and a probable petrified forest at Sunnyside, at the Umatilla flow/Pomona flow level, making it the youngest occurring site at approximately 12 mya. Other occurrences of petrified wood are either the result of log and sediment rafting by lava/minor pillow/palagonite complexes (seen at Vantage and Sentinal Gap) or transport and burial within massive pillow/palagonite complexes (Petrified Canyon in Moses Coulee). A number of sites remain to be investigated. Previous attempts to identify petrified forests by wood identification/generic abundance are critiqued. Current research on leaf-impression and permineralized bog floras provide useful constraints on paleoecological interpretations based on petrified wood occurrences/identification. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Orsen, Mark J AU - Reidel, Stephen P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 551 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - flood basalts KW - terrestrial environment KW - volcanic rocks KW - igneous rocks KW - leaves KW - fossilization KW - paleoecology KW - Cenozoic KW - Wanapum Basalt KW - basalts KW - taphonomy KW - paludal environment KW - basalt flows KW - central Washington KW - Plantae KW - fossil wood KW - Washington KW - lava flows KW - biostratigraphy KW - Columbia River Basalt Group KW - Grande Ronde Basalt KW - Miocene KW - Tertiary KW - lava KW - Neogene KW - Columbia Plateau KW - 12:Stratigraphy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51787468?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Biostratigraphy+of+Columbia+River+Basalt+Group+petrified+forests&rft.au=Orsen%2C+Mark+J%3BReidel%2C+Stephen+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Orsen&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=551&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - basalt flows; basalts; biostratigraphy; Cenozoic; central Washington; Columbia Plateau; Columbia River Basalt Group; flood basalts; fossil wood; fossilization; Grande Ronde Basalt; igneous rocks; lava; lava flows; leaves; Miocene; Neogene; paleoecology; paludal environment; Plantae; taphonomy; terrestrial environment; Tertiary; United States; volcanic rocks; Wanapum Basalt; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Eruption and emplacement of a Grande Ronde flood basalt, Columbia River Basalt Group AN - 51787427; 2004-081492 AB - The eruption of Sentinel Bluffs Member lavas marked the end of the greatest period of Columbia River Basalt Group volcanism, the Grande Ronde Basalt. The Sentinel Bluffs Member lavas erupted from a northerly trending vent system and flowed westward down an ancestral paleoslope covering over 169,700 km (super 2) and producing over 10,000 km (super 3) of lava. The member is divided into six eruptions that are distinguished by their compositions. The first eruption was the most voluminous, but volumes declined with later eruptions until the final eruption that produced the second largest volume of basalt. Sentinel Bluffs flows are relatively homogeneous which allows them to be recognized throughout the province. One exception is the "Cohassett flow," where four eruptions combined to form one local inflated lava. Compositional zonation reflects the sequence of eruptions. The original lavas remained intact except for mixing along their contacts, which are separated by thin zones of vesicles. A thick vesicle zone called the "interior vesicular zone" marks the boundary between the last two eruptions and represents volatile-rich lava. There are two compositional trends in the Sentinel Bluffs Member that are defined best by TiO (sub 2) and P (sub 2) O (sub 5) . The six eruptions fall along one or the other trend, but neither trend is defined by timing of eruptions or location along the vent system. Fractionation or eruption of a zoned magma chamber cannot explain adequately the six compositional types of the Sentinel Bluffs Member. The compositional types and the field relations are best explained by rapid changes in magma composition feeding the flows and rapid eruption and emplacement of the lavas. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Reidel, Stephen P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 550 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - flood basalts KW - volcanic rocks KW - lava flows KW - igneous rocks KW - Columbia River Basalt Group KW - Grande Ronde Basalt KW - Sentinel Bluffs Member KW - Miocene KW - emplacement KW - Cenozoic KW - Tertiary KW - lava KW - Neogene KW - magmas KW - eruptions KW - basalts KW - composition KW - Columbia Plateau KW - fractional crystallization KW - basalt flows KW - magma chambers KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51787427?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Eruption+and+emplacement+of+a+Grande+Ronde+flood+basalt%2C+Columbia+River+Basalt+Group&rft.au=Reidel%2C+Stephen+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Reidel&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=550&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - basalt flows; basalts; Cenozoic; Columbia Plateau; Columbia River Basalt Group; composition; emplacement; eruptions; flood basalts; fractional crystallization; Grande Ronde Basalt; igneous rocks; lava; lava flows; magma chambers; magmas; Miocene; Neogene; Sentinel Bluffs Member; Tertiary; United States; volcanic rocks ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Crystal-mush compaction in the Cohassett Flow, Hanford, Washington AN - 51787134; 2004-081391 AB - Although the vertical chemical profile through the Cohassett flow beneath Hanford, Washington, is complicated and suggests that the flow was inflated by a central pulse of distinctly different composition magma, the profile through the central part has a simple shape that is consistent with compaction of crystal mush with upward expulsion of residual liquid. As in most thick flood-basalt flows, the downward crystallizing roof zone (entablature) has a distinctly different texture from the upward accumulating floor zone (colonnade). The texture of the floor zone, where the compaction occurs, is most easily interpreted as resulting from recrystallization of material that sank from the roof zone as dense plumes of crystal mush. During recrystallization, the texture of the crystal mush becomes anisotropic as a result of compaction. The network of plagioclase crystals surrounding granular pyroxene patches becomes horizontally flattened. The plagioclase crystals within the network, which are initially randomly oriented and separated by interstitial liquid, rotate into parallel alignment and wrap around the pyroxene patches in a manner resembling roof tiles. These tiled plagioclase laths have less residual liquid between them than do the more randomly oriented crystals in the less compacted rock. Plagioclase phenocrysts trapped in the compacting mush are rotated toward horizontal. The asymmetric distribution of patches of glass trapped on the lower side of horizontal plagioclase phenocrysts is evidence of upward migration of residual liquid during compaction. Compaction profiles through the flow are determined using four independent, quantitative measures of textural anisotropy. These profiles agree well with the amount of compaction (maximum approximately 30%) indicated from the chemical profile. Quantitative modeling of crystallization of the central part of this flow indicates that the observed chemical profile can result from compaction as long as a touching framework of crystals forms early enough ( approximately 30% crystallized) for the mush to have a high permeability ( approximately 10 (super -9) m (super 2) ). If crystal mush can undergo compaction in a flood-basalt flow, compaction is likely to be an important process of differentiation in intrusive bodies. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Philpotts, Anthony R AU - Reidel, Stephen P AU - Philpotts, Doreen E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 135 EP - 136 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - flood basalts KW - Cohassett Flow KW - volcanic rocks KW - igneous rocks KW - melts KW - Cenozoic KW - mineral composition KW - volcanism KW - basalts KW - mineral assemblages KW - basalt flows KW - Washington KW - Columbia River Basalt Group KW - Hanford Site KW - properties KW - Miocene KW - models KW - crystals KW - compaction KW - Tertiary KW - Neogene KW - magmas KW - petrography KW - crystallization KW - large igneous provinces KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51787134?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Crystal-mush+compaction+in+the+Cohassett+Flow%2C+Hanford%2C+Washington&rft.au=Philpotts%2C+Anthony+R%3BReidel%2C+Stephen+P%3BPhilpotts%2C+Doreen+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Philpotts&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=135&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - basalt flows; basalts; Cenozoic; Cohassett Flow; Columbia River Basalt Group; compaction; crystallization; crystals; flood basalts; Hanford Site; igneous rocks; large igneous provinces; magmas; melts; mineral assemblages; mineral composition; Miocene; models; Neogene; petrography; properties; Tertiary; United States; volcanic rocks; volcanism; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A general reaction network approach for modeling biogeochemical reactive transport AN - 51784582; 2004-081627 AB - Most biogeochemical reactive transport simulators require reactions and rate laws to be specified in a limited number of canonical forms. In some cases (e.g., to describe the adsorption process with langmuir isotherm or to describe the reaction mechanism for pyrite oxidation using shrinking core model, etc.), this requirement is overly restrictive, and the simulator must be recoded, not only to accept the new forms, but also to address the construction of corresponding jacobians for the Newton-Raphson solution scheme. A methodology to overcome these difficulties and limitations was recently developed and tested in the BIOGEOCHEM simulator. The simulator interprets symbolic, user-specified equilibrium and kinetic reactions and rate laws of virtually any type for input to the MAPLE symbolic mathematical software package. MAPLE generates Fortran-90 code for the analytical jacobian expressions which are compiled and linked into the BIOGEOCHEM executable. A reaction network with user-defined expressions for equilibrium reactions and rate laws for kinetic reactions is used to demonstrate the methodology and test the efficiency against numerically approximated jacobians. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Fang, Yilin AU - Yabusaki, Steve B AU - Yeh, Gour-Tsyh AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 573 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - MAPLE KW - computer languages KW - data processing KW - computer programs KW - BIOGEOCHEM KW - biogenic processes KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - phase equilibria KW - Fortran KW - digital simulation KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51784582?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=A+general+reaction+network+approach+for+modeling+biogeochemical+reactive+transport&rft.au=Fang%2C+Yilin%3BYabusaki%2C+Steve+B%3BYeh%2C+Gour-Tsyh%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Fang&rft.aufirst=Yilin&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=573&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biogenic processes; BIOGEOCHEM; chemical reactions; computer languages; computer programs; data processing; digital simulation; Fortran; geochemistry; kinetics; MAPLE; phase equilibria; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Three-dimensional transient inverse calibration of a site-wide groundwater flow model using a facies-based approach at the Hanford Site, southeast Washington AN - 51769637; 2005-004154 AB - A three-dimensional transient inverse calibration has been performed using UCODE, a universal inverse modeling code developed jointly by the U.S. Geological Survey and the International Groundwater Modeling Center at the Colorado School of Mines. The transient inverse calibration evaluates hydraulic impacts to the unconfined aquifer system of Hanford waste management operations between 1943 and present and uses approximately 70,000 water level measurements made at the Hanford Site since the mid-1940s. This effort is part of an overall effort to strengthen the technical defensibility of the groundwater flow and transport model at the Hanford Site and to develop a more robust capability to incorporate uncertainty related to alternative conceptual models into future predictions. The focus of the current inverse modeling effort has been to implement and evaluate a facies-based approach for representing the hydraulic conductivity distributions in the Hanford and middle Ringold formations, two major hydrostratigraphic units within the unconfined aquifer system. Other modifications that were incorporated into this effort include 1) improved approaches for handling run-on recharge from upland areas (Cold Creek, Dry Creek, Rattlesnake Springs) based on watershed modeling results, 2) improved approach for representing artificial discharges from site operations, and 3) minor changes to the geologic conceptual model. An overall comparison of residual error statistics generally indicates an improvement in model fit for the facies-based model relative to a previously inversed model. The current model represents a first attempt to fully incorporate the facies-based approach for representing the hydrogeologic structure of the model, and further refinement of this distribution. We anticipate additional. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Vermeul, Vince R AU - Bergeron, Marcel P AU - Cole, Charles R AU - Nichols, William E AU - Scheibe, Tim D AU - Thorne, Paul D AU - Waichler, Scott R AU - Williams, Mark D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 450 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - Cold Creek KW - survey organizations KW - U. S. Geological Survey KW - Rattlesnake Springs KW - government agencies KW - calibration KW - environmental analysis KW - ground water KW - environmental management KW - Cenozoic KW - movement KW - sediments KW - academic institutions KW - Dry Creek KW - hydrology KW - Hanford Formation KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - three-dimensional models KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - inverse problem KW - properties KW - Ringold Formation KW - research KW - porosity KW - Colorado School of Mines KW - aquifers KW - models KW - Tertiary KW - hydrostratigraphy KW - Neogene KW - Pliocene KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - permeability KW - facies KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51769637?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Three-dimensional+transient+inverse+calibration+of+a+site-wide+groundwater+flow+model+using+a+facies-based+approach+at+the+Hanford+Site%2C+southeast+Washington&rft.au=Vermeul%2C+Vince+R%3BBergeron%2C+Marcel+P%3BCole%2C+Charles+R%3BNichols%2C+William+E%3BScheibe%2C+Tim+D%3BThorne%2C+Paul+D%3BWaichler%2C+Scott+R%3BWilliams%2C+Mark+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Vermeul&rft.aufirst=Vince&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=450&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - academic institutions; aquifers; calibration; Cenozoic; Cold Creek; Colorado School of Mines; Dry Creek; environmental analysis; environmental management; facies; government agencies; ground water; Hanford Formation; Hanford Site; hydraulic conductivity; hydrology; hydrostratigraphy; inverse problem; models; monitoring; movement; Neogene; permeability; Pliocene; pollutants; pollution; porosity; properties; Rattlesnake Springs; research; Ringold Formation; sediments; survey organizations; Tertiary; three-dimensional models; U. S. Geological Survey; United States; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geostatistical analysis of historical groundwater concentration data for calibration of flow and transport models AN - 51769406; 2005-004153 AB - Large amounts of historical data are available on the concentration of selected contaminants in groundwater at the Hanford Site, and this data can be used to evaluate fate and transport model performance used for decision making at the Site, including a System Assessment Capability (SAC) model recently developed for the Hanford Site. The historical groundwater contaminant concentration data can also be used to constrain initial inventories for sources of particular plumes, which can be highly uncertain and are important inputs to the SAC and other risk assessment models of the Hanford Site. Geostatistical methods applied to the historical concentration data were used to generate several hundred stochastic simulations of four radioactive contaminants: tritium, technetium-99, iodine-129, and uranium, for two time points, 1992 and 2001. The simulations included all major plumes for each of these radioactive contaminants at the site and were generated using a 50-m grid covering 781 square kilometers. Post-processing of the simulated contaminant concentrations on the fine grid provided several quantitative metrics that will be used to evaluate the overall performance of the SAC model. One metric was the total area for which the contaminant concentration was above the drinking water standard (DWS) for each realization. Analysis of the suite of realizations provided a measure of uncertainty about the area above the DWS. The concentration simulations were also converted to estimates of the contaminant mass (or activity) in each grid cell. Mass estimates were based on probability distributions for the porosity of each geologic unit and a model of the thickness of the geologic units present in each cell of the grid. The post-processed simulations provided probability distributions of the total mass or activity for each contaminant, as well as estimates of the center of mass of each plume. The approach provides a best estimate of the metrics, as well as estimates of the uncertainty in the metrics. Output from the SAC model will be compared to the geostatistical results and used to help calibrate the model. General results of the analysis indicate that the contaminant mass within a plume is only known to within a factor of about four, even when the sampled concentration data are assumed to be without error. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Murray, Christopher J AU - Chien, Yi-Ju AU - Thorne, Paul D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 450 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - water quality KW - contaminant plumes KW - isotopes KW - data processing KW - calibration KW - simulation KW - environmental analysis KW - drinking water KW - ground water KW - radioactive isotopes KW - movement KW - data bases KW - discharge KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - aquifers KW - models KW - risk assessment KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51769406?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Geostatistical+analysis+of+historical+groundwater+concentration+data+for+calibration+of+flow+and+transport+models&rft.au=Murray%2C+Christopher+J%3BChien%2C+Yi-Ju%3BThorne%2C+Paul+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Murray&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=450&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; calibration; chemical composition; contaminant plumes; data bases; data processing; discharge; drinking water; environmental analysis; geochemistry; ground water; Hanford Site; isotopes; models; monitoring; movement; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; risk assessment; simulation; solute transport; statistical analysis; United States; Washington; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - History matching of environmental data at Hanford using the System Assessment Capability (SAC) model AN - 51769026; 2005-004152 AB - The System Assessment Capability (SAC) model was developed to facilitate the understanding of the effects of waste disposal at Hanford and to aid in decision making for environmental cleanup. The SAC consists of a linked set of models that stochastically simulate the inventory, release, environmental transport and impacts of Hanford contaminants, and their associated environmental data. In order to have confidence in these models, it is necessary to compare historical data to the SAC model results. For SAC Rev. 1, historical data were matched to model results for contaminant transport in the atmosphere and the groundwater. For the purposes of the history matching exercise, the SAC Rev. 1 model was used to simulate the release, migration and fate of contaminants for the years 1944 to 2020. Comparisons were conducted for contaminants and time periods for which historical data were available. SAC is notable for modeling both past and future releases and migration (rather than adopting an initial condition), so that history matching can be used to demonstrate the veracity of the simulator. Release of Krypton-85 from various source areas to the atmosphere during the years 1983-1987 was simulated using the SAC Rev. 1 component model RATCHET2. Model results were compared to monitoring data for various sites. Transport of contaminants in the groundwater was simulated using the SAC Rev. 1 component model CFEST. Geostatistical methods were used to generate groundwater contaminant distributions for tritium, technetium-99, iodine-129, uranium, and hexavalent chromate based on historical data for comparison to model results. Mass in the aquifer, center of mass of the plume, and total area for which contaminant concentrations are above the drinking water standard were used as comparison metrics. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Wurstner, Signe K AU - Nichols, William E AU - Eslinger, Paul W AU - Last, George V AU - Engel, Dave W AU - Ramsdell, James V, Jr AU - Kincaid, Charles T AU - Bryce, Robert W AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 450 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - isotopes KW - pollutants KW - reclamation KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - simulation KW - environmental analysis KW - drinking water KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - models KW - radioactive isotopes KW - risk assessment KW - waste disposal KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51769026?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=History+matching+of+environmental+data+at+Hanford+using+the+System+Assessment+Capability+%28SAC%29+model&rft.au=Wurstner%2C+Signe+K%3BNichols%2C+William+E%3BEslinger%2C+Paul+W%3BLast%2C+George+V%3BEngel%2C+Dave+W%3BRamsdell%2C+James+V%2C+Jr%3BKincaid%2C+Charles+T%3BBryce%2C+Robert+W%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wurstner&rft.aufirst=Signe&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=450&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - drinking water; environmental analysis; ground water; Hanford Site; isotopes; models; monitoring; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; reclamation; remediation; risk assessment; simulation; United States; Washington; waste disposal; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simulation of carbon tetrachloride migration from the 216-Z-9 Trench at Hanford AN - 51769005; 2005-004149 AB - From July 1955 through June 1962, approximately 4,090,000 L of waste water, including 316,000 L of a mixture of dense, non-aqueous phase liquids (DNAPL), was discharged into the vadose zone of the Hanford Site through the 216-Z-9 Trench. Approximately 74% (by volume) of this DNAPL was carbon tetrachloride (CCl (sub 4) ). Three-dimensional numerical simulations were conducted of the three-phase (aqueous, gas, NAPL) migration of the disposed liquids from the trench using the STOMP code. The model domain is 440-m (E-W) by 540-m (N-S) by 201-m (ground surface to top of basalt) and consists of 12 hydrostratigraphic units constructed from geologic interpretations of borehole data (including drillers' logs, geologists' logs, particle size data, calcium carbonate content, moisture content, and geophysical logs). EarthVision (super R) software was used to interpolate the hydrostratigraphic units between boreholes. Simulations were conducted from 1955 through present to evaluate the evolution and current status of the plume. In addition to the base case, 20 sensitivity cases were simulated to analyze the sensitivity of the model results to uncertainties in the total volume of DNAPL released, DNAPL fluid properties, source characteristics (area and infiltration rates), soil hydraulic properties (porosity, permeability, anisotropy, fluid entry pressures, pore geometry parameters), and maximum residual DNAPL saturation. Simulation results are compared with observed field data and are evaluated using spatial moment analyses and integrated fluxes of DNAPL, dissolved aqueous-phase CCl (sub 4) , and dissolved gas-phase CCl (sub 4) crossing the model boundaries. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Rockhold, Mark L AU - Oostrom, Mart AU - White, Mark D AU - Thorne, Paul D AU - Last, George V AU - Truex, Mike J AU - Rohay, Virginia J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 449 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - well-logging KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - carbon KW - movement KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - geochemistry KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - trenching KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - hydrochemistry KW - porosity KW - carbon tetrachloride KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - physical properties KW - organic compounds KW - boreholes KW - hydrostratigraphy KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - permeability KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51769005?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Simulation+of+carbon+tetrachloride+migration+from+the+216-Z-9+Trench+at+Hanford&rft.au=Rockhold%2C+Mark+L%3BOostrom%2C+Mart%3BWhite%2C+Mark+D%3BThorne%2C+Paul+D%3BLast%2C+George+V%3BTruex%2C+Mike+J%3BRohay%2C+Virginia+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Rockhold&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=449&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boreholes; carbon; carbon tetrachloride; chlorinated hydrocarbons; geochemistry; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; Hanford Site; hydraulic conductivity; hydrochemistry; hydrology; hydrostratigraphy; monitoring; movement; nonaqueous phase liquids; organic compounds; permeability; physical properties; pollution; porosity; simulation; soils; trenching; United States; Washington; well-logging ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Imaging clastic dikes at the Hanford Site with ground penetrating radar AN - 51768539; 2005-004146 AB - The Hanford site contains numerous clastic dikes that are possible conduits for water flow through the vadose zone at Hanford. The near-surface sediments at the Hanford site predominantly consist of coarse to fine grained sands. The dikes are composed of a thin, clay or silt skin with sand and silt as the in-filling material. The dikes are easily located at the surface by vegetation changes. However, the subsurface character of the dikes is often poorly known. Furthermore, many dikes may not intersect the surface and thus are undetected. To determine the spatial distribution and depth of clastic dikes present at the Hanford site, we collected 3-dimensional, 100 MHz GPR surface reflection data at two sites; the 216-S-16 Pond and the Army Loop Road sites. The 3-dimensional data consist of 90 or 60 m lines with a spacing between traces of 0.1 m. We collected lines every 2 m to cover the area. We acquired more widely spaced cross-lines to provide ties between the lines. We also collected a 6.9 km linear profile with trace spacing of about 0.1 m to understand the dikes at larger scales. The survey crossed desert grassland similar to the Army Loop Road area and traversed many sand dunes and blowouts. The sand dunes enable deeper signal penetration below the land surface, but the data may not image any deeper below a common reference elevation. The dikes are easily distinguished in the GPR data by diffractions from the dike edge and a loss of coherence in underlying reflections. In general, the data quality is better at the Army Loop Road and Traverse sites than at the 216-S-16 Pond site. Cobbles and boulders are more common at the 216-S-16 Pond site and probably cause the poorer data quality. The signal penetration, and thus the ability to map the dikes in the subsurface, varies between 5 to 12 m below the land surface. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Clement, William P AU - Murray, Christopher J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 449 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - imagery KW - geophysical surveys KW - isotopes KW - radioactivity KW - ground-penetrating radar KW - unsaturated zone KW - clastic dikes KW - ground water KW - soft sediment deformation KW - radioactive isotopes KW - sediments KW - sedimentary structures KW - sand KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - clastic sediments KW - geophysical methods KW - radar methods KW - Hanford Site KW - reflection methods KW - seismic methods KW - surveys KW - nuclear facilities KW - geophysical profiles KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51768539?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Imaging+clastic+dikes+at+the+Hanford+Site+with+ground+penetrating+radar&rft.au=Clement%2C+William+P%3BMurray%2C+Christopher+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Clement&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=449&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - clastic dikes; clastic sediments; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geophysical surveys; ground water; ground-penetrating radar; Hanford Site; imagery; isotopes; monitoring; nuclear facilities; radar methods; radioactive isotopes; radioactivity; reflection methods; sand; sedimentary structures; sediments; seismic methods; soft sediment deformation; surveys; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - System assessment capability; an integrated model for simulating the transport, impacts and remediation of contaminants at the Hanford Site AN - 51768503; 2005-004151 AB - Considerable effort has gone into the characterization of the saturated and vadose zone hydrology at the Hanford Site so that contamination remaining from past operations can be effectively remediated. Research has also been done to identify the location and quantity of waste remaining at the Site and the effects various contaminants can have on human and ecological health. The resulting understanding of each of these topics must be collectively taken into account as decisions about Hanford cleanup are made. To facilitate that process, a system of numerical models was assembled to simulate the inventory, release, environmental transport and impacts of Hanford contaminants. This set of models and the associated data is called the System Assessment Capability. The capability simulates contaminant release, migration, and fate from the initiation of Hanford Site operations in 1944 forward. It illustrates historical and near-term influences on long-term risk and impact and, therefore, provides an opportunity to history match to observed events using waste site characterization data and results of groundwater monitoring. The capability is a stochastic simulation tool able to address 1000 waste discharge and disposal sites and multiple contaminants for a period of 10,000 years. It has been designed to also simulate a deterministic case as a single stochastic realization. Human health and ecological risks as well as impacts to the regional economy and local cultures are quantified. The capability was first developed in 2001 and has undergone considerable modification as recent research has provided improved understanding of contaminant inventory, transport and impacts. The capability is being used to prioritize remedial actions, evaluate alternatives, and communicate likely future impacts of Hanford on the environment. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Kincaid, Charles T AU - Bryce, Robert W AU - Eslinger, Paul W AU - Nichols, William E AU - Brandt, C A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 450 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - hydrology KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - numerical models KW - geologic hazards KW - pollutants KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - simulation KW - environmental analysis KW - environmental effects KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - models KW - movement KW - risk assessment KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51768503?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=System+assessment+capability%3B+an+integrated+model+for+simulating+the+transport%2C+impacts+and+remediation+of+contaminants+at+the+Hanford+Site&rft.au=Kincaid%2C+Charles+T%3BBryce%2C+Robert+W%3BEslinger%2C+Paul+W%3BNichols%2C+William+E%3BBrandt%2C+C+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kincaid&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=450&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - environmental analysis; environmental effects; geologic hazards; ground water; Hanford Site; hydrology; models; monitoring; movement; numerical models; pollutants; pollution; remediation; risk assessment; simulation; solute transport; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Xenon isotopes in soil gas as indicators of buried radioactive waste AN - 51767411; 2005-004162 AB - Levels of short-lived and stable xenon isotopes were measured in soil gas samples collected from three different waste disposal sites at the U.S. Department of Energy's Hanford Site, Washington State. Short-lived isotopes Xe-133 and Xe-135 were measured using a modification of the Automated Radioxenon Sample and Analysis (ARSA) system developed for Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty Verification. Stable isotopes were measured by rare gas mass spectrometry. A site that received large amounts of plutonium waste after separation from fission products showed detectable levels of radioxenon from the spontaneous fission of Pu-240 but no detectable alteration of stable xenon isotopes from the atmospheric background. Altered stable xenon isotope ratios were detected in soil gas samples collected near a radioactive waste landfill. The altered stable xenon isotope ratios are consistent with the probable presence of irradiated fuel elements in the burial ground. The measurements show the usefulness of xenon isotopic measurements for location and characterization of waste sources using minimally invasive techniques. Column transport studies indicate xenon transport through moist Hanford soil will be retarded relative to helium transport. This retardation may limit the distance short-lived isotopes can be detected from the source. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Dresel, P Evan AU - Olsen, Khris B AU - McIntyre, Justin I AU - Kennedy, B Mack AU - Hayes, James C AU - Horton, Duane G AU - Mitroshkov, Alexandre V AU - Panisko, Mark E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 451 EP - 452 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - hazardous waste KW - alteration KW - isotopes KW - waste disposal sites KW - mass spectra KW - burial KW - radioactive waste KW - waste management KW - noble gases KW - movement KW - Xe-135 KW - Xe-133 KW - spectra KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - soils KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - isotope ratios KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - indicators KW - xenon KW - waste disposal KW - soil gases KW - underground disposal KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51767411?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Xenon+isotopes+in+soil+gas+as+indicators+of+buried+radioactive+waste&rft.au=Dresel%2C+P+Evan%3BOlsen%2C+Khris+B%3BMcIntyre%2C+Justin+I%3BKennedy%2C+B+Mack%3BHayes%2C+James+C%3BHorton%2C+Duane+G%3BMitroshkov%2C+Alexandre+V%3BPanisko%2C+Mark+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Dresel&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=451&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alteration; burial; chemical composition; geochemistry; Hanford Site; hazardous waste; indicators; isotope ratios; isotopes; mass spectra; monitoring; movement; noble gases; pollution; radioactive waste; soil gases; soils; spectra; underground disposal; United States; Washington; waste disposal; waste disposal sites; waste management; Xe-133; Xe-135; xenon ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mineralogical and bulk-rock geochemical signatures of Ringold and Hanford Formation sediments AN - 51767388; 2005-004147 AB - The Ringold Formation and post-Ringold sediments (including cataclysmic flood deposits of the Hanford formation) constitute the primary aquifer and vadose zone sediments beneath the U.S. Department of Energy's Hanford Site. Although much is known about these formations from over 50 years of study, quantitative methods for classifying these materials in support of flow and transport models have not been developed. The purpose of this study was to explore the possibility of using statistical methods to classify sediment samples belonging to the Hanford or Ringold formations using mineralogy and geochemistry data. To this end, existing electron microprobe (EM), petrographic (Petro), and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) data were compiled into a central, digital database. Descriptive statistics, tests of difference (e.g. ANOVA), principal component analysis, and various classification analyses were applied to the data as a whole, as well as for subgroups comprised of samples from the two principal formations and for the two primary sampling locations (200 West Area and 200 East Area). We were able to use several statistical techniques to generate effective classifiers for distinguishing between Hanford and Ringold Formation samples using mineralogical and geochemical data. Classifiers for the 200 West Area that were generated using discriminant function analysis show good performance for the EM, Petro, and XRF datasets. However, spatial variability and the lack of stringent validation data suggest that generalization of the classification rules to areas outside of 200 West Area may be premature. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Xie, Yulong AU - Last, George V AU - Murray, Christopher J AU - Mackley, Robert D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 449 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - digital data KW - data processing KW - unsaturated zone KW - ground water KW - electron probe data KW - Cenozoic KW - sedimentary rocks KW - mineral composition KW - sampling KW - sediments KW - data bases KW - X-ray fluorescence spectra KW - spectra KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - hydrology KW - Hanford Formation KW - Washington KW - statistical analysis KW - Hanford Site KW - Ringold Formation KW - aquifers KW - Tertiary KW - Neogene KW - Pliocene KW - petrography KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51767388?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Mineralogical+and+bulk-rock+geochemical+signatures+of+Ringold+and+Hanford+Formation+sediments&rft.au=Xie%2C+Yulong%3BLast%2C+George+V%3BMurray%2C+Christopher+J%3BMackley%2C+Robert+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Xie&rft.aufirst=Yulong&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=449&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; Cenozoic; chemical composition; data bases; data processing; digital data; electron probe data; geochemistry; ground water; Hanford Formation; Hanford Site; hydrology; mineral composition; Neogene; petrography; Pliocene; Ringold Formation; sampling; sedimentary rocks; sediments; spectra; statistical analysis; Tertiary; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington; X-ray fluorescence spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Accelerated weathering experiments of two low-activity waste glasses using the pressurized unsaturated flow (PUF) apparatus AN - 51767375; 2005-004160 AB - Low Activity Waste (LAW) performance assessment models must account for the long term release rate from LAW glass formulations. The release rate is a key parameter affecting the overall performance of the LAW disposal facility. To address these and other issues, accelerated weathering experiments, using the pressurized unsaturated flow (PUF) apparatus, are currently being conducted to evaluate the corrosion rate of two radioactive glass formulations made with actual Hanford tank waste. The PUF apparatus allows for accelerated weathering experiments to be conducted under hydraulically unsaturated conditions, thereby mimicking the vadose zone environment while allowing the corroding glass to achieve a final reaction state. The basic test apparatus consists of a column packed with crushed glass, a titanium porous plate, a computer data acquisition and control system, a fluid pump, and electronic sensors. Results from the computer monitored sensors suggest that both glasses have a moderate corrosion rate consistent with rates measured for non-radioactive LAW glass formulations previously tested. Normalized release rates for (super 99) Tc and (super 238) U show congruent release behavior with B, indicating little or no incorporation into alteration phases. In contrast, static experiments with several LAW glasses show significant incorporation of (super 99) Tc into alteration phases, principally zeolites. The discrepancy may be due to the limited mass of alteration phases (or different types) that have formed in the PUF tests to date. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Pierce, E M AU - McGrail, B Pete AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 451 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - volcanic rocks KW - glasses KW - isotopes KW - igneous rocks KW - data acquisition KW - data processing KW - unsaturated zone KW - ground water KW - radioactive isotopes KW - movement KW - chemical composition KW - glass materials KW - geochemistry KW - soils KW - corrosion KW - technetium KW - experimental studies KW - Washington KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - Tc-99 KW - weathering KW - models KW - metals KW - uranium KW - U-238 KW - low-level waste KW - actinides KW - instruments KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51767375?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Accelerated+weathering+experiments+of+two+low-activity+waste+glasses+using+the+pressurized+unsaturated+flow+%28PUF%29+apparatus&rft.au=Pierce%2C+E+M%3BMcGrail%2C+B+Pete%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Pierce&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=451&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; chemical composition; corrosion; data acquisition; data processing; experimental studies; geochemistry; glass materials; glasses; ground water; Hanford Site; igneous rocks; instruments; isotopes; low-level waste; metals; models; movement; pollution; radioactive isotopes; soils; Tc-99; technetium; U-238; United States; unsaturated zone; uranium; volcanic rocks; Washington; weathering ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating potential loss of existing monitoring wells at Hanford using a first order analysis of uncertainty AN - 51767324; 2005-004155 AB - During defense material production activities at the Hanford site in southeastern Washington State, large volumes of wastewater were discharged to waste facilities from 1943-1987. These subsurface discharges resulted in large water table changes and created significant groundwater mounds (in excess of 20 m) under waste management facilities in the central part of the site. Since the mission at the Hanford Site changed from weapons production to environmental restoration in 1988, the decline in wastewater discharges has caused the groundwater mounds to dissipate. Monitoring the approximately 700 wells at the Hanford Site has become increasingly difficult in recent years due to a falling water table that is causing wells to go dry. Using the first order analysis in UCODE and approximately 76,000 historical observations of head, an initial implementation of the Hanford Site uncertainty methodology investigates which of the 700 monitoring wells are likely to go dry between now and 2050, and compares the success of model predictions with monitoring well data through the year 2003. Model predictions are compared to approximately 12,700 observations of head from 1997-2003. This analysis included a comparison of simulated head as well as the confidence and prediction intervals bracketing the central value. Results demonstrated that confidence and prediction intervals are critical to the successful prediction of a dry well status and that the uncertainty methodology can be used to assist in the development of a long-term strategy for their replacement. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated for the U. S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC06-76RL01830. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Freedman, Vicky L AU - Cole, Charles R AU - Waichler, Scott R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 450 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - waste water KW - pollutants KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - environmental analysis KW - ground water KW - waste management KW - boreholes KW - risk assessment KW - waste disposal KW - water wells KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51767324?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Evaluating+potential+loss+of+existing+monitoring+wells+at+Hanford+using+a+first+order+analysis+of+uncertainty&rft.au=Freedman%2C+Vicky+L%3BCole%2C+Charles+R%3BWaichler%2C+Scott+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Freedman&rft.aufirst=Vicky&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=450&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boreholes; environmental analysis; ground water; Hanford Site; monitoring; pollutants; pollution; prediction; risk assessment; United States; Washington; waste disposal; waste management; waste water; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cosmogenic burial dating and magnetostratigraphy of early and mid-Pleistocene Missoula flood sediments, Hanford, WA AN - 51767284; 2004-085593 AB - Previous magnetostratigraphic studies (Bjornstad et al, 2001; Pluhar, 2003) indicate that Pleistocene cataclysmic flood deposits of the Hanford DOE site record events as old at 1.1 Ma. These, and additional new magnetostratigraphic data presented here, derive from drill cores penetrating the Cold Creek flood bar in the Pasco Basin, a depositional sink for much of the material scoured from the Channeled Scabland during Missoula Floods and other similar events. The eastern part of the Cold Creek bar records a magnetostratigraphy characterized by reversed polarity at the base with normal polarity above and reversed polarity on top. We hypothesize that the normal zone is the Jaramillo subchron (0.99-1.07 Ma), or less likely, the Olduvai subchron (1.77-1.95 Ma). We test these possibilities by cosmogenic burial dating (Granger and Musikar, 2001), using the differential radioactive decay of (super 26) Al and (super 10) Be. We sampled 2 paleosols from drill cores of eastern Cold Creek bar as well as 14 kyr Missoula Flood sediments from Badger Coulee for cosmogenic burial dating. We chose the paleosols to increase the likelihood that sufficient cosmogenic nuclides would have accumulated in the samples prior to burial to allow application of this technique. We analyzed the 14 kyr sample to provide an estimate of the inherited cosmogenic nuclide ratio. Measurable inherited concentrations in the same proportion as that produced at the surface would indicate that burial dating could be applied throughout the stratigraphy. If not, then only the paleosols should be dated by this technique. Initial results suggest that sufficient cosmogenic nuclides concentrations are present in these sediments to make burial dating feasible. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Pluhar, Christopher J AU - Stock, Greg AU - Finkel, Robert C AU - Anderson, Robert S AU - Coe, Robert S AU - Reidel, Stephen P AU - Bjornstad, Bruce N AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 217 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - relative age KW - Cold Creek KW - geologic hazards KW - isotopes KW - lakes KW - cosmogenic elements KW - magnetostratigraphy KW - cores KW - burial KW - Cenozoic KW - geochronology KW - dates KW - sediments KW - Pasco Basin KW - floods KW - drilling KW - geochemistry KW - buried features KW - glacial lakes KW - Washington KW - Grand Coulee Dam KW - Quaternary KW - Lake Missoula KW - Hanford Site KW - glacial features KW - Pleistocene KW - 24:Quaternary geology KW - 03:Geochronology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51767284?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Cosmogenic+burial+dating+and+magnetostratigraphy+of+early+and+mid-Pleistocene+Missoula+flood+sediments%2C+Hanford%2C+WA&rft.au=Pluhar%2C+Christopher+J%3BStock%2C+Greg%3BFinkel%2C+Robert+C%3BAnderson%2C+Robert+S%3BCoe%2C+Robert+S%3BReidel%2C+Stephen+P%3BBjornstad%2C+Bruce+N%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Pluhar&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=217&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - burial; buried features; Cenozoic; Cold Creek; cores; cosmogenic elements; dates; drilling; floods; geochemistry; geochronology; geologic hazards; glacial features; glacial lakes; Grand Coulee Dam; Hanford Site; isotopes; Lake Missoula; lakes; magnetostratigraphy; Pasco Basin; Pleistocene; Quaternary; relative age; sediments; United States; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A groundwater quality assessment at single-shell tank farms at the DOE Hanford Site AN - 51766711; 2005-004157 AB - Scientists from the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory have conducted an assessment of the groundwater quality under three buried past-practice waste storage tank farms at the DOE Hanford Site in eastern Washington. The case history presented in this paper covers current findings of the investigation, discussing problems unique to a past-practice radioactive storage facility. Innovative technologies have been deployed to unravel a complicated picture of groundwater contamination. The dangerous waste management unit, comprised of the three tank farms, is regulated under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act interim-status regulations (40 CFR 265, Subpart F) and Washington's Hazardous Waste Management Act (HWMA, RCW 70.105). The unit was placed in assessment groundwater monitoring in 1996 when elevated conductivity was observed in a downgradient monitoring well. The purpose of the assessment was to determine if hazardous waste associated with the buried storage facilities had impacted groundwater quality. The subsurface situation at this site is complicated by several factors. For example, the tank farms are surrounded by disposal facilities where waste of a similar composition was disposed directly to the soil column during the same time period the tanks were in active use. Thus it is difficult to track groundwater contamination back to a specific tank source. In addition the water table is essentially flat, caused by a highly transmissive, unconfined aquifer. Consequently conventional methods to determine flow direction based on water levels are not useful at this site. Furthermore the local flow direction has been artificially changed over time due to large discharges of liquid waste causing water table to rise and diverted the groundwater from its natural direction. However, with the use of innovative technologies along with standard methods, it has been possible to determine the source for the groundwater contamination observed since the waste management unit was placed in assessment in the mid-1990s. Recent data evaluation studies center on pattern matching of trend plots and chemical fingerprinting using the ratio of nitrate to technetium-99 found in the groundwater. Results of both studies are presented and discussed. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Narbutovskih, Susan M AU - Schalla, Ronald AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 451 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - soils KW - water quality KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - geologic hazards KW - isotopes KW - waste water KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - environmental analysis KW - drinking water KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - radioactive isotopes KW - movement KW - risk assessment KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - waste disposal KW - water wells KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51766711?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=A+groundwater+quality+assessment+at+single-shell+tank+farms+at+the+DOE+Hanford+Site&rft.au=Narbutovskih%2C+Susan+M%3BSchalla%2C+Ronald%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Narbutovskih&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=451&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; drinking water; environmental analysis; geologic hazards; ground water; Hanford Site; hydraulic conductivity; isotopes; monitoring; movement; pollution; radioactive isotopes; risk assessment; soils; United States; Washington; waste disposal; waste water; water quality; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Erratic behavior on Rattlesnake Mountain, Hanford Reach National Monument, south-central Washington AN - 51764624; 2004-085597 AB - Ice-rafted debris accumulated in slackwater areas up to an elevation of 1200 ft within the Pasco Basin during repeated Pleistocene cataclysmic floods. Floodwaters backed up behind a hydraulic constriction at Wallula Gap, forming temporary Lake Lewis and depositing ice-rafted erratics and bergmounds along the gently sloping flanks of Rattlesnake Mountain (RM). Ice-rafted debris is of three types: 1) isolated erratics, 2) erratic clusters, and 3) bergmounds. Bergmounds consist of accumulations of erratics, which display some topographic relief, usually in the form of low conical-shaped mounds. A study of the ice-rafted debris is being performed in a long-protected, sparsely vegetated, 17 mi2 area on the NE flank of RM, now part of the Hanford Reach National Monument. Locations of erratics with >1 ft2 area (planview) and bergmounds are being recorded using a hand-held GPS. Additional information is being gathered on: 1) elevation, 2) lithology, 3) size, 4) roundness, 5) shape, and 6) surface characteristics of erratics. Greater than 95% consist of rock types other than indigenous basalt; >75% being of granitic composition. Other lithologies, in order of decreasing abundance, are diorite, quartzite, basalt, schist, gneiss, and argillite. Most erratics are either subrounded or rounded, followed by subangular; angular clasts are least common. The surfaces of most erratics are unweathered to moderately weathered. Approximately 30% of erratics, perhaps derived from older pre-Wisconsin floods, are strongly weathered. The distribution of erratics is non-uniform and their overall size and frequency decreases with elevation. Decreases in the number of erratics with elevation are attributed to a greater number of less-than-maximum floods. Decreases in size may be due to either: 1) larger floods producing smaller icebergs, or 2) large icebergs, capable of rafting more and larger debris, becoming grounded well away from the ancient lakeshores. Since bergmounds are generally absent above 1000 ft, we prefer the later explanation. Erratics appear to concentrate along the SE sides of a series of NE-trending gullies within the study area. Variable flow velocities across this uneven surface may have created eddies, forcing icebergs to collect in the deeper and quieter waters along the back sides of these gullies. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Bjornstad, Bruce N AU - Jennett, Elysia M AU - Gaston, Jenna AU - Kleinknecht, Gary AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 217 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - Global Positioning System KW - geologic hazards KW - erosion KW - lakes KW - Wisconsinan KW - upper Pleistocene KW - Cenozoic KW - national monuments KW - mineral composition KW - glacial environment KW - sediments KW - Pasco Basin KW - floods KW - Hanford Reach National Monument KW - glacial lakes KW - Washington KW - Quaternary KW - sedimentation KW - glacial features KW - public lands KW - Wallula Gap KW - Pleistocene KW - petrography KW - geomorphology KW - Rattlesnake Mountain KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51764624?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Erratic+behavior+on+Rattlesnake+Mountain%2C+Hanford+Reach+National+Monument%2C+south-central+Washington&rft.au=Bjornstad%2C+Bruce+N%3BJennett%2C+Elysia+M%3BGaston%2C+Jenna%3BKleinknecht%2C+Gary%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bjornstad&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=217&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cenozoic; erosion; floods; geologic hazards; geomorphology; glacial environment; glacial features; glacial lakes; Global Positioning System; Hanford Reach National Monument; lakes; mineral composition; national monuments; Pasco Basin; petrography; Pleistocene; public lands; Quaternary; Rattlesnake Mountain; sedimentation; sediments; United States; upper Pleistocene; Wallula Gap; Washington; Wisconsinan ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Site 1248 AN - 50497753; 2004-011453 JF - Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Part A: Initial Reports AU - Trehu, Anne M AU - Bohrmann, Gerhard AU - Rack, Frank R AU - Torres, Marta E AU - Bangs, Nathan L AU - Barr, Samantha R AU - Borowski, Walter S AU - Claypool, George E AU - Collett, Timothy S AU - Delwiche, Mark E AU - Dickens, Gerald R AU - Goldberg, David S AU - Gracia, Eulalia AU - Guerin, Gilles AU - Holland, Melanie AU - Johnson, Joel E AU - Lee, Young-Joo AU - Liu, Char-Shine AU - Long, Philip E AU - Milkov, Alexei V (Aleksei V) AU - Riedel, Michael AU - Schultheiss, Peter AU - Su, Xin AU - Teichert, Barbara AU - Tomaru, Hitoshi AU - Vanneste, Maarten AU - Watanabe, Mahito AU - Weinberger, Jill L A2 - Chapman, Mary Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 75 PB - Texas A&M University, Ocean Drilling Program, College Station, TX VL - 204 KW - United States KW - lithostratigraphy KW - Northeast Pacific KW - gas hydrates KW - Cascadia Basin KW - algae KW - Holocene KW - cores KW - ODP Site 1248 KW - Cenozoic KW - Oregon KW - marine sediments KW - diatoms KW - sediments KW - ocean floors KW - Leg 204 KW - geochemistry KW - East Pacific KW - Plantae KW - continental margin KW - Quaternary KW - biostratigraphy KW - geomicrobiology KW - geophysical methods KW - Hydrate Ridge KW - physical properties KW - North Pacific KW - nannofossils KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Pleistocene KW - Ocean Drilling Program KW - microfossils KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50497753?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Ocean+Drilling+Program%2C+Part+A%3A+Initial+Reports&rft.atitle=Site+1248&rft.au=Trehu%2C+Anne+M%3BBohrmann%2C+Gerhard%3BRack%2C+Frank+R%3BTorres%2C+Marta+E%3BBangs%2C+Nathan+L%3BBarr%2C+Samantha+R%3BBorowski%2C+Walter+S%3BClaypool%2C+George+E%3BCollett%2C+Timothy+S%3BDelwiche%2C+Mark+E%3BDickens%2C+Gerald+R%3BGoldberg%2C+David+S%3BGracia%2C+Eulalia%3BGuerin%2C+Gilles%3BHolland%2C+Melanie%3BJohnson%2C+Joel+E%3BLee%2C+Young-Joo%3BLiu%2C+Char-Shine%3BLong%2C+Philip+E%3BMilkov%2C+Alexei+V+%28Aleksei+V%29%3BRiedel%2C+Michael%3BSchultheiss%2C+Peter%3BSu%2C+Xin%3BTeichert%2C+Barbara%3BTomaru%2C+Hitoshi%3BVanneste%2C+Maarten%3BWatanabe%2C+Mahito%3BWeinberger%2C+Jill+L&rft.aulast=Trehu&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=204&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Ocean+Drilling+Program%2C+Part+A%3A+Initial+Reports&rft.issn=0884-5883&rft_id=info:doi/10.2973%2Fodp.proc.ir.204.107.2003 L2 - http://www-odp.tamu.edu/publications/204_IR/chap_07/chap_07.htm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. strat. cols., 13 tables, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Available only on CD-ROM in PDF format and on the Web in PDF or HTML; CD-ROM format, ISSN 1096-2522; WWW format, ISSN 1096-2158 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - IDSDA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algae; biostratigraphy; Cascadia Basin; Cenozoic; continental margin; cores; diatoms; East Pacific; gas hydrates; geochemistry; geomicrobiology; geophysical methods; Holocene; Hydrate Ridge; Leg 204; lithostratigraphy; marine sediments; microfossils; nannofossils; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; Ocean Drilling Program; ocean floors; ODP Site 1248; Oregon; Pacific Ocean; physical properties; Plantae; Pleistocene; Quaternary; sediments; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.ir.204.107.2003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Leg 204 summary AN - 50497715; 2004-011447 AB - During Leg 204, we cored and logged nine sites on the Oregon continental margin to determine the distribution and concentration of gas hydrates in an accretionary ridge and adjacent slope basin, investigate the mechanisms that transport methane and other gases into the gas hydrate stability zone (GHSZ), and obtain constraints on physical properties of gas hydrates in situ. A three-dimensional seismic survey conducted from 19 June through 3 July 2000 provided images of potential subsurface fluid conduits and indicated the depth of the bottom-simulating reflector (BSR), a commonly used proxy for the base of the GHSZ. After coring at the first site, we acquired logging-while-drilling (LWD) data at all but one site to provide an overview of downhole physical properties prior to coring. The LWD data confirmed the general position of key seismic stratigraphic horizons and yielded an initial estimate of gas hydrate concentration through the proxy of in situ electrical resistivity. These records proved to be of great value in planning subsequent coring. We also tested the use of infrared (IR) thermal imaging of cores as a new and effective tool to identify gas hydrates as rapidly as possible after core retrieval. The thermal images were used to estimate the distribution and texture of hydrate within the cores. Geochemical analyses of interstitial waters and of headspace and void gases provided additional information on the distribution and concentration of gas hydrate within the GHSZ, the origin and pathway of fluids into and through the GHSZ, and the rates at which the process of gas hydrate formation is occurring. Biostratigraphic and lithostratigraphic descriptions of cores, measurement of physical properties, in situ pressure core sampling, and thermal measurements complement the data set, providing ground-truth tests of inferred physical and sedimentological properties. JF - Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Part A: Initial Reports AU - Trehu, Anne M AU - Bohrmann, Gerhard AU - Rack, Frank R AU - Torres, Marta E AU - Bangs, Nathan L AU - Barr, Samantha R AU - Borowski, Walter S AU - Claypool, George E AU - Collett, Timothy S AU - Delwiche, Mark E AU - Dickens, Gerald R AU - Goldberg, David S AU - Gracia, Eulalia AU - Guerin, Gilles AU - Holland, Melanie AU - Johnson, Joel E AU - Lee, Young-Joo AU - Liu, Char-Shine AU - Long, Philip E AU - Milkov, Alexei V (Aleksei V) AU - Riedel, Michael AU - Schultheiss, Peter AU - Su, Xin AU - Teichert, Barbara AU - Tomaru, Hitoshi AU - Vanneste, Maarten AU - Watanabe, Mahito AU - Weinberger, Jill L A2 - Chapman, Mary Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 75 PB - Texas A&M University, Ocean Drilling Program, College Station, TX VL - 204 KW - United States KW - lithostratigraphy KW - Northeast Pacific KW - geophysical surveys KW - gas hydrates KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - Cascadia Basin KW - cores KW - Oregon KW - marine sediments KW - sediments KW - thickness KW - ocean floors KW - Leg 204 KW - geochemistry KW - East Pacific KW - high-resolution methods KW - continental margin KW - seismic profiles KW - methane KW - biostratigraphy KW - geophysical methods KW - anomalies KW - Hydrate Ridge KW - alkanes KW - seismic methods KW - organic compounds KW - boreholes KW - North Pacific KW - Pacific Ocean KW - hydrocarbons KW - surveys KW - geophysical profiles KW - Ocean Drilling Program KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50497715?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Ocean+Drilling+Program%2C+Part+A%3A+Initial+Reports&rft.atitle=Leg+204+summary&rft.au=Trehu%2C+Anne+M%3BBohrmann%2C+Gerhard%3BRack%2C+Frank+R%3BTorres%2C+Marta+E%3BBangs%2C+Nathan+L%3BBarr%2C+Samantha+R%3BBorowski%2C+Walter+S%3BClaypool%2C+George+E%3BCollett%2C+Timothy+S%3BDelwiche%2C+Mark+E%3BDickens%2C+Gerald+R%3BGoldberg%2C+David+S%3BGracia%2C+Eulalia%3BGuerin%2C+Gilles%3BHolland%2C+Melanie%3BJohnson%2C+Joel+E%3BLee%2C+Young-Joo%3BLiu%2C+Char-Shine%3BLong%2C+Philip+E%3BMilkov%2C+Alexei+V+%28Aleksei+V%29%3BRiedel%2C+Michael%3BSchultheiss%2C+Peter%3BSu%2C+Xin%3BTeichert%2C+Barbara%3BTomaru%2C+Hitoshi%3BVanneste%2C+Maarten%3BWatanabe%2C+Mahito%3BWeinberger%2C+Jill+L&rft.aulast=Trehu&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=204&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Ocean+Drilling+Program%2C+Part+A%3A+Initial+Reports&rft.issn=0884-5883&rft_id=info:doi/10.2973%2Fodp.proc.ir.204.101.2003 L2 - http://www-odp.tamu.edu/publications/204_IR/chap_01/chap_01.htm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 65 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sects., 4 tables, sketch maps N1 - SuppNotes - Also available on CD-ROM in PDF format and in the Web in PDF or HTML; CD-ROM format, ISSN 1096-2522; WWW format, ISSN 1096-2158 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - IDSDA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; anomalies; biostratigraphy; boreholes; Cascadia Basin; continental margin; cores; East Pacific; gas hydrates; geochemistry; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geophysical surveys; high-resolution methods; Hydrate Ridge; hydrocarbons; Leg 204; lithostratigraphy; marine sediments; methane; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; Ocean Drilling Program; ocean floors; Oregon; organic compounds; Pacific Ocean; sediments; seismic methods; seismic profiles; surveys; thickness; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.ir.204.101.2003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Site 1247 AN - 50497196; 2004-011452 JF - Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Part A: Initial Reports AU - Trehu, Anne M AU - Bohrmann, Gerhard AU - Rack, Frank R AU - Torres, Marta E AU - Bangs, Nathan L AU - Barr, Samantha R AU - Borowski, Walter S AU - Claypool, George E AU - Collett, Timothy S AU - Delwiche, Mark E AU - Dickens, Gerald R AU - Goldberg, David S AU - Gracia, Eulalia AU - Guerin, Gilles AU - Holland, Melanie AU - Johnson, Joel E AU - Lee, Young-Joo AU - Liu, Char-Shine AU - Long, Philip E AU - Milkov, Alexei V (Aleksei V) AU - Riedel, Michael AU - Schultheiss, Peter AU - Su, Xin AU - Teichert, Barbara AU - Tomaru, Hitoshi AU - Vanneste, Maarten AU - Watanabe, Mahito AU - Weinberger, Jill L A2 - Chapman, Mary Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 84 PB - Texas A&M University, Ocean Drilling Program, College Station, TX VL - 204 KW - United States KW - lithostratigraphy KW - Northeast Pacific KW - gas hydrates KW - Cascadia Basin KW - algae KW - Holocene KW - cores KW - Cenozoic KW - Oregon KW - ODP Site 1247 KW - marine sediments KW - diatoms KW - sediments KW - ocean floors KW - Leg 204 KW - geochemistry KW - East Pacific KW - Plantae KW - continental margin KW - Quaternary KW - biostratigraphy KW - geomicrobiology KW - geophysical methods KW - Hydrate Ridge KW - physical properties KW - North Pacific KW - nannofossils KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Pleistocene KW - Ocean Drilling Program KW - microfossils KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50497196?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Ocean+Drilling+Program%2C+Part+A%3A+Initial+Reports&rft.atitle=Site+1247&rft.au=Trehu%2C+Anne+M%3BBohrmann%2C+Gerhard%3BRack%2C+Frank+R%3BTorres%2C+Marta+E%3BBangs%2C+Nathan+L%3BBarr%2C+Samantha+R%3BBorowski%2C+Walter+S%3BClaypool%2C+George+E%3BCollett%2C+Timothy+S%3BDelwiche%2C+Mark+E%3BDickens%2C+Gerald+R%3BGoldberg%2C+David+S%3BGracia%2C+Eulalia%3BGuerin%2C+Gilles%3BHolland%2C+Melanie%3BJohnson%2C+Joel+E%3BLee%2C+Young-Joo%3BLiu%2C+Char-Shine%3BLong%2C+Philip+E%3BMilkov%2C+Alexei+V+%28Aleksei+V%29%3BRiedel%2C+Michael%3BSchultheiss%2C+Peter%3BSu%2C+Xin%3BTeichert%2C+Barbara%3BTomaru%2C+Hitoshi%3BVanneste%2C+Maarten%3BWatanabe%2C+Mahito%3BWeinberger%2C+Jill+L&rft.aulast=Trehu&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=204&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Ocean+Drilling+Program%2C+Part+A%3A+Initial+Reports&rft.issn=0884-5883&rft_id=info:doi/10.2973%2Fodp.proc.ir.204.106.2003 L2 - http://www-odp.tamu.edu/publications/204_IR/chap_06/chap_06.htm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. strat. cols., 15 tables, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Available only on CD-ROM in PDF format and on the Web in PDF or HTML; CD-ROM format, ISSN 1096-2522; WWW format, ISSN 1096-2158 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - IDSDA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algae; biostratigraphy; Cascadia Basin; Cenozoic; continental margin; cores; diatoms; East Pacific; gas hydrates; geochemistry; geomicrobiology; geophysical methods; Holocene; Hydrate Ridge; Leg 204; lithostratigraphy; marine sediments; microfossils; nannofossils; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; Ocean Drilling Program; ocean floors; ODP Site 1247; Oregon; Pacific Ocean; physical properties; Plantae; Pleistocene; Quaternary; sediments; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.ir.204.106.2003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, initial reports, drilling gas hydrates on Hydrate Ridge, Cascadia continental margin; covering Leg 204 of the cruises of the drilling vessel JOIDES Resolution Victoria, British Columbia, Canada, to Victoria, British Columbia, Canada; sites 1244-1252, 7 July-2 September 2002 AN - 50496808; 2004-011446 JF - Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Part A: Initial Reports AU - Trehu, Anne M AU - Bohrmann, Gerhard AU - Rack, Frank R AU - Torres, Marta E AU - Bangs, Nathan L AU - Barr, Samantha R AU - Borowski, Walter S AU - Claypool, George E AU - Collett, Timothy S AU - Delwiche, Mark E AU - Dickens, Gerald R AU - Goldberg, David S AU - Gracia, Eulalia AU - Guerin, Gilles AU - Holland, Melanie AU - Johnson, Joel E AU - Lee, Young-Joo AU - Liu, Char-Shine AU - Long, Philip E AU - Milkov, Alexei V (Aleksei V) AU - Riedel, Michael AU - Schultheiss, Peter AU - Su, Xin AU - Teichert, Barbara AU - Tomaru, Hitoshi AU - Vanneste, Maarten AU - Watanabe, Mahito AU - Weinberger, Jill L A2 - Chapman, Mary Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 EP - variously paginated PB - Texas A&M University, Ocean Drilling Program, College Station, TX VL - 204 KW - East Pacific KW - lithostratigraphy KW - Northeast Pacific KW - gas hydrates KW - biostratigraphy KW - geophysical methods KW - Cascadia Basin KW - Hydrate Ridge KW - cores KW - physical properties KW - marine sediments KW - North Pacific KW - Pacific Ocean KW - sediments KW - Ocean Drilling Program KW - ocean floors KW - Leg 204 KW - geochemistry KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50496808?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Trehu%2C+Anne+M%3BBohrmann%2C+Gerhard%3BRack%2C+Frank+R%3BTorres%2C+Marta+E%3BBangs%2C+Nathan+L%3BBarr%2C+Samantha+R%3BBorowski%2C+Walter+S%3BClaypool%2C+George+E%3BCollett%2C+Timothy+S%3BDelwiche%2C+Mark+E%3BDickens%2C+Gerald+R%3BGoldberg%2C+David+S%3BGracia%2C+Eulalia%3BGuerin%2C+Gilles%3BHolland%2C+Melanie%3BJohnson%2C+Joel+E%3BLee%2C+Young-Joo%3BLiu%2C+Char-Shine%3BLong%2C+Philip+E%3BMilkov%2C+Alexei+V+%28Aleksei+V%29%3BRiedel%2C+Michael%3BSchultheiss%2C+Peter%3BSu%2C+Xin%3BTeichert%2C+Barbara%3BTomaru%2C+Hitoshi%3BVanneste%2C+Maarten%3BWatanabe%2C+Mahito%3BWeinberger%2C+Jill+L&rft.aulast=Trehu&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Proceedings+of+the+Ocean+Drilling+Program%2C+initial+reports%2C+drilling+gas+hydrates+on+Hydrate+Ridge%2C+Cascadia+continental+margin%3B+covering+Leg+204+of+the+cruises+of+the+drilling+vessel+JOIDES+Resolution+Victoria%2C+British+Columbia%2C+Canada%2C+to+Victoria%2C+British+Columbia%2C+Canada%3B+sites+1244-1252%2C+7+July-2+September+2002&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Ocean+Drilling+Program%2C+initial+reports%2C+drilling+gas+hydrates+on+Hydrate+Ridge%2C+Cascadia+continental+margin%3B+covering+Leg+204+of+the+cruises+of+the+drilling+vessel+JOIDES+Resolution+Victoria%2C+British+Columbia%2C+Canada%2C+to+Victoria%2C+British+Columbia%2C+Canada%3B+sites+1244-1252%2C+7+July-2+September+2002&rft.issn=0884-5883&rft_id=info:doi/10.2973%2Fodp.proc.ir.204.2003 L2 - http://www-odp.tamu.edu/publications/204_IR/204TOC.HTM LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - SuppNotes - Individual chapters are cited separately; chapters 2-11, core descriptions, and supplementary data are available only on the included CD-ROMs and on the Web; CD-ROM format, ISSN 1096-2522; WWW format, ISSN 1096-2158 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - IDSDA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biostratigraphy; Cascadia Basin; cores; East Pacific; gas hydrates; geochemistry; geophysical methods; Hydrate Ridge; Leg 204; lithostratigraphy; marine sediments; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; Ocean Drilling Program; ocean floors; Pacific Ocean; physical properties; sediments DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.ir.204.2003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Site 1252 AN - 50496620; 2004-011457 JF - Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Part A: Initial Reports AU - Trehu, Anne M AU - Bohrmann, Gerhard AU - Rack, Frank R AU - Torres, Marta E AU - Bangs, Nathan L AU - Barr, Samantha R AU - Borowski, Walter S AU - Claypool, George E AU - Collett, Timothy S AU - Delwiche, Mark E AU - Dickens, Gerald R AU - Goldberg, David S AU - Gracia, Eulalia AU - Guerin, Gilles AU - Holland, Melanie AU - Johnson, Joel E AU - Lee, Young-Joo AU - Liu, Char-Shine AU - Long, Philip E AU - Milkov, Alexei V (Aleksei V) AU - Riedel, Michael AU - Schultheiss, Peter AU - Su, Xin AU - Teichert, Barbara AU - Tomaru, Hitoshi AU - Vanneste, Maarten AU - Watanabe, Mahito AU - Weinberger, Jill L A2 - Chapman, Mary Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 62 PB - Texas A&M University, Ocean Drilling Program, College Station, TX VL - 204 KW - United States KW - lithostratigraphy KW - Northeast Pacific KW - gas hydrates KW - Cascadia Basin KW - algae KW - Holocene KW - cores KW - Cenozoic KW - Oregon KW - marine sediments KW - diatoms KW - sediments KW - ocean floors KW - Leg 204 KW - geochemistry KW - East Pacific KW - Plantae KW - continental margin KW - Quaternary KW - biostratigraphy KW - geomicrobiology KW - geophysical methods KW - Hydrate Ridge KW - Tertiary KW - physical properties KW - North Pacific KW - Neogene KW - nannofossils KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Pliocene KW - Pleistocene KW - Ocean Drilling Program KW - ODP Site 1252 KW - microfossils KW - 12:Stratigraphy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50496620?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Ocean+Drilling+Program%2C+Part+A%3A+Initial+Reports&rft.atitle=Site+1252&rft.au=Trehu%2C+Anne+M%3BBohrmann%2C+Gerhard%3BRack%2C+Frank+R%3BTorres%2C+Marta+E%3BBangs%2C+Nathan+L%3BBarr%2C+Samantha+R%3BBorowski%2C+Walter+S%3BClaypool%2C+George+E%3BCollett%2C+Timothy+S%3BDelwiche%2C+Mark+E%3BDickens%2C+Gerald+R%3BGoldberg%2C+David+S%3BGracia%2C+Eulalia%3BGuerin%2C+Gilles%3BHolland%2C+Melanie%3BJohnson%2C+Joel+E%3BLee%2C+Young-Joo%3BLiu%2C+Char-Shine%3BLong%2C+Philip+E%3BMilkov%2C+Alexei+V+%28Aleksei+V%29%3BRiedel%2C+Michael%3BSchultheiss%2C+Peter%3BSu%2C+Xin%3BTeichert%2C+Barbara%3BTomaru%2C+Hitoshi%3BVanneste%2C+Maarten%3BWatanabe%2C+Mahito%3BWeinberger%2C+Jill+L&rft.aulast=Trehu&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=204&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Ocean+Drilling+Program%2C+Part+A%3A+Initial+Reports&rft.issn=0884-5883&rft_id=info:doi/10.2973%2Fodp.proc.ir.204.111.2003 L2 - http://www-odp.tamu.edu/publications/204_IR/chap_11/chap_11.htm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. strat. cols., 10 tables, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Available only on CD-ROM in PDF format and on the Web in PDF or HTML; CD-ROM format, ISSN 1096-2522; WWW format, ISSN 1096-2158 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - IDSDA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algae; biostratigraphy; Cascadia Basin; Cenozoic; continental margin; cores; diatoms; East Pacific; gas hydrates; geochemistry; geomicrobiology; geophysical methods; Holocene; Hydrate Ridge; Leg 204; lithostratigraphy; marine sediments; microfossils; nannofossils; Neogene; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; Ocean Drilling Program; ocean floors; ODP Site 1252; Oregon; Pacific Ocean; physical properties; Plantae; Pleistocene; Pliocene; Quaternary; sediments; Tertiary; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.ir.204.111.2003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Site 1246 AN - 50496569; 2004-011451 JF - Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Part A: Initial Reports AU - Trehu, Anne M AU - Bohrmann, Gerhard AU - Rack, Frank R AU - Torres, Marta E AU - Bangs, Nathan L AU - Barr, Samantha R AU - Borowski, Walter S AU - Claypool, George E AU - Collett, Timothy S AU - Delwiche, Mark E AU - Dickens, Gerald R AU - Goldberg, David S AU - Gracia, Eulalia AU - Guerin, Gilles AU - Holland, Melanie AU - Johnson, Joel E AU - Lee, Young-Joo AU - Liu, Char-Shine AU - Long, Philip E AU - Milkov, Alexei V (Aleksei V) AU - Riedel, Michael AU - Schultheiss, Peter AU - Su, Xin AU - Teichert, Barbara AU - Tomaru, Hitoshi AU - Vanneste, Maarten AU - Watanabe, Mahito AU - Weinberger, Jill L A2 - Chapman, Mary Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 67 PB - Texas A&M University, Ocean Drilling Program, College Station, TX VL - 204 KW - United States KW - lithostratigraphy KW - Northeast Pacific KW - gas hydrates KW - Cascadia Basin KW - algae KW - Holocene KW - cores KW - Cenozoic KW - Oregon KW - marine sediments KW - diatoms KW - sediments KW - ocean floors KW - Leg 204 KW - geochemistry KW - ODP Site 1246 KW - East Pacific KW - Plantae KW - continental margin KW - Quaternary KW - biostratigraphy KW - geomicrobiology KW - geophysical methods KW - Hydrate Ridge KW - physical properties KW - North Pacific KW - nannofossils KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Pleistocene KW - Ocean Drilling Program KW - microfossils KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50496569?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Ocean+Drilling+Program%2C+Part+A%3A+Initial+Reports&rft.atitle=Site+1246&rft.au=Trehu%2C+Anne+M%3BBohrmann%2C+Gerhard%3BRack%2C+Frank+R%3BTorres%2C+Marta+E%3BBangs%2C+Nathan+L%3BBarr%2C+Samantha+R%3BBorowski%2C+Walter+S%3BClaypool%2C+George+E%3BCollett%2C+Timothy+S%3BDelwiche%2C+Mark+E%3BDickens%2C+Gerald+R%3BGoldberg%2C+David+S%3BGracia%2C+Eulalia%3BGuerin%2C+Gilles%3BHolland%2C+Melanie%3BJohnson%2C+Joel+E%3BLee%2C+Young-Joo%3BLiu%2C+Char-Shine%3BLong%2C+Philip+E%3BMilkov%2C+Alexei+V+%28Aleksei+V%29%3BRiedel%2C+Michael%3BSchultheiss%2C+Peter%3BSu%2C+Xin%3BTeichert%2C+Barbara%3BTomaru%2C+Hitoshi%3BVanneste%2C+Maarten%3BWatanabe%2C+Mahito%3BWeinberger%2C+Jill+L&rft.aulast=Trehu&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=204&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Ocean+Drilling+Program%2C+Part+A%3A+Initial+Reports&rft.issn=0884-5883&rft_id=info:doi/10.2973%2Fodp.proc.ir.204.105.2003 L2 - http://www-odp.tamu.edu/publications/204_IR/chap_05/chap_05.htm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. strat. cols., 14 tables, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Available only on CD-ROM in PDF format and on the Web in PDF or HTML; CD-ROM format, ISSN 1096-2522; WWW format, ISSN 1096-2158 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - IDSDA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algae; biostratigraphy; Cascadia Basin; Cenozoic; continental margin; cores; diatoms; East Pacific; gas hydrates; geochemistry; geomicrobiology; geophysical methods; Holocene; Hydrate Ridge; Leg 204; lithostratigraphy; marine sediments; microfossils; nannofossils; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; Ocean Drilling Program; ocean floors; ODP Site 1246; Oregon; Pacific Ocean; physical properties; Plantae; Pleistocene; Quaternary; sediments; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.ir.204.105.2003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Site 1249 AN - 50495970; 2004-011454 JF - Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Part A: Initial Reports AU - Trehu, Anne M AU - Bohrmann, Gerhard AU - Rack, Frank R AU - Torres, Marta E AU - Bangs, Nathan L AU - Barr, Samantha R AU - Borowski, Walter S AU - Claypool, George E AU - Collett, Timothy S AU - Delwiche, Mark E AU - Dickens, Gerald R AU - Goldberg, David S AU - Gracia, Eulalia AU - Guerin, Gilles AU - Holland, Melanie AU - Johnson, Joel E AU - Lee, Young-Joo AU - Liu, Char-Shine AU - Long, Philip E AU - Milkov, Alexei V (Aleksei V) AU - Riedel, Michael AU - Schultheiss, Peter AU - Su, Xin AU - Teichert, Barbara AU - Tomaru, Hitoshi AU - Vanneste, Maarten AU - Watanabe, Mahito AU - Weinberger, Jill L A2 - Chapman, Mary Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 98 PB - Texas A&M University, Ocean Drilling Program, College Station, TX VL - 204 KW - United States KW - lithostratigraphy KW - Northeast Pacific KW - gas hydrates KW - Cascadia Basin KW - algae KW - Holocene KW - cores KW - Cenozoic KW - Oregon KW - marine sediments KW - ODP Site 1249 KW - diatoms KW - sediments KW - ocean floors KW - Leg 204 KW - geochemistry KW - East Pacific KW - Plantae KW - continental margin KW - Quaternary KW - biostratigraphy KW - geomicrobiology KW - geophysical methods KW - Hydrate Ridge KW - physical properties KW - North Pacific KW - nannofossils KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Pleistocene KW - Ocean Drilling Program KW - microfossils KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50495970?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Ocean+Drilling+Program%2C+Part+A%3A+Initial+Reports&rft.atitle=Site+1249&rft.au=Trehu%2C+Anne+M%3BBohrmann%2C+Gerhard%3BRack%2C+Frank+R%3BTorres%2C+Marta+E%3BBangs%2C+Nathan+L%3BBarr%2C+Samantha+R%3BBorowski%2C+Walter+S%3BClaypool%2C+George+E%3BCollett%2C+Timothy+S%3BDelwiche%2C+Mark+E%3BDickens%2C+Gerald+R%3BGoldberg%2C+David+S%3BGracia%2C+Eulalia%3BGuerin%2C+Gilles%3BHolland%2C+Melanie%3BJohnson%2C+Joel+E%3BLee%2C+Young-Joo%3BLiu%2C+Char-Shine%3BLong%2C+Philip+E%3BMilkov%2C+Alexei+V+%28Aleksei+V%29%3BRiedel%2C+Michael%3BSchultheiss%2C+Peter%3BSu%2C+Xin%3BTeichert%2C+Barbara%3BTomaru%2C+Hitoshi%3BVanneste%2C+Maarten%3BWatanabe%2C+Mahito%3BWeinberger%2C+Jill+L&rft.aulast=Trehu&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=204&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Ocean+Drilling+Program%2C+Part+A%3A+Initial+Reports&rft.issn=0884-5883&rft_id=info:doi/10.2973%2Fodp.proc.ir.204.108.2003 L2 - http://www-odp.tamu.edu/publications/204_IR/chap_08/chap_08.htm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. strat. col., 18 tables, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Available only on CD-ROM in PDF format and on the Web in PDF or HTML; CD-ROM format, ISSN 1096-2522; WWW format, ISSN 1096-2158 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - IDSDA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algae; biostratigraphy; Cascadia Basin; Cenozoic; continental margin; cores; diatoms; East Pacific; gas hydrates; geochemistry; geomicrobiology; geophysical methods; Holocene; Hydrate Ridge; Leg 204; lithostratigraphy; marine sediments; microfossils; nannofossils; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; Ocean Drilling Program; ocean floors; ODP Site 1249; Oregon; Pacific Ocean; physical properties; Plantae; Pleistocene; Quaternary; sediments; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.ir.204.108.2003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Site 1245 AN - 50495909; 2004-011450 JF - Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Part A: Initial Reports AU - Trehu, Anne M AU - Bohrmann, Gerhard AU - Rack, Frank R AU - Torres, Marta E AU - Bangs, Nathan L AU - Barr, Samantha R AU - Borowski, Walter S AU - Claypool, George E AU - Collett, Timothy S AU - Delwiche, Mark E AU - Dickens, Gerald R AU - Goldberg, David S AU - Gracia, Eulalia AU - Guerin, Gilles AU - Holland, Melanie AU - Johnson, Joel E AU - Lee, Young-Joo AU - Liu, Char-Shine AU - Long, Philip E AU - Milkov, Alexei V (Aleksei V) AU - Riedel, Michael AU - Schultheiss, Peter AU - Su, Xin AU - Teichert, Barbara AU - Tomaru, Hitoshi AU - Vanneste, Maarten AU - Watanabe, Mahito AU - Weinberger, Jill L A2 - Chapman, Mary Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 131 PB - Texas A&M University, Ocean Drilling Program, College Station, TX VL - 204 KW - United States KW - lithostratigraphy KW - Northeast Pacific KW - gas hydrates KW - Cascadia Basin KW - algae KW - Holocene KW - cores KW - Cenozoic KW - Oregon KW - marine sediments KW - diatoms KW - sediments KW - ocean floors KW - Leg 204 KW - geochemistry KW - ODP Site 1245 KW - East Pacific KW - Plantae KW - continental margin KW - Quaternary KW - biostratigraphy KW - geomicrobiology KW - geophysical methods KW - Hydrate Ridge KW - physical properties KW - North Pacific KW - nannofossils KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Pleistocene KW - Ocean Drilling Program KW - microfossils KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50495909?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Ocean+Drilling+Program%2C+Part+A%3A+Initial+Reports&rft.atitle=Site+1245&rft.au=Trehu%2C+Anne+M%3BBohrmann%2C+Gerhard%3BRack%2C+Frank+R%3BTorres%2C+Marta+E%3BBangs%2C+Nathan+L%3BBarr%2C+Samantha+R%3BBorowski%2C+Walter+S%3BClaypool%2C+George+E%3BCollett%2C+Timothy+S%3BDelwiche%2C+Mark+E%3BDickens%2C+Gerald+R%3BGoldberg%2C+David+S%3BGracia%2C+Eulalia%3BGuerin%2C+Gilles%3BHolland%2C+Melanie%3BJohnson%2C+Joel+E%3BLee%2C+Young-Joo%3BLiu%2C+Char-Shine%3BLong%2C+Philip+E%3BMilkov%2C+Alexei+V+%28Aleksei+V%29%3BRiedel%2C+Michael%3BSchultheiss%2C+Peter%3BSu%2C+Xin%3BTeichert%2C+Barbara%3BTomaru%2C+Hitoshi%3BVanneste%2C+Maarten%3BWatanabe%2C+Mahito%3BWeinberger%2C+Jill+L&rft.aulast=Trehu&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=204&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Ocean+Drilling+Program%2C+Part+A%3A+Initial+Reports&rft.issn=0884-5883&rft_id=info:doi/10.2973%2Fodp.proc.ir.204.104.2003 L2 - http://www-odp.tamu.edu/publications/204_IR/chap_04/chap_04.htm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. strat. cols., 23 tables, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Available only on CD-ROM in PDF format and on the Web in PDF or HTML; CD-ROM format, ISSN 1096-2522; WWW format, ISSN 1096-2158 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - IDSDA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algae; biostratigraphy; Cascadia Basin; Cenozoic; continental margin; cores; diatoms; East Pacific; gas hydrates; geochemistry; geomicrobiology; geophysical methods; Holocene; Hydrate Ridge; Leg 204; lithostratigraphy; marine sediments; microfossils; nannofossils; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; Ocean Drilling Program; ocean floors; ODP Site 1245; Oregon; Pacific Ocean; physical properties; Plantae; Pleistocene; Quaternary; sediments; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.ir.204.104.2003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Site 1251 AN - 50494956; 2004-011456 JF - Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Part A: Initial Reports AU - Trehu, Anne M AU - Bohrmann, Gerhard AU - Rack, Frank R AU - Torres, Marta E AU - Bangs, Nathan L AU - Barr, Samantha R AU - Borowski, Walter S AU - Claypool, George E AU - Collett, Timothy S AU - Delwiche, Mark E AU - Dickens, Gerald R AU - Goldberg, David S AU - Gracia, Eulalia AU - Guerin, Gilles AU - Holland, Melanie AU - Johnson, Joel E AU - Lee, Young-Joo AU - Liu, Char-Shine AU - Long, Philip E AU - Milkov, Alexei V (Aleksei V) AU - Riedel, Michael AU - Schultheiss, Peter AU - Su, Xin AU - Teichert, Barbara AU - Tomaru, Hitoshi AU - Vanneste, Maarten AU - Watanabe, Mahito AU - Weinberger, Jill L A2 - Chapman, Mary Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 119 PB - Texas A&M University, Ocean Drilling Program, College Station, TX VL - 204 KW - United States KW - lithostratigraphy KW - Northeast Pacific KW - gas hydrates KW - Cascadia Basin KW - algae KW - Holocene KW - cores KW - Cenozoic KW - Oregon KW - marine sediments KW - diatoms KW - sediments KW - ocean floors KW - Leg 204 KW - geochemistry KW - East Pacific KW - Plantae KW - continental margin KW - Quaternary KW - biostratigraphy KW - geomicrobiology KW - geophysical methods KW - Hydrate Ridge KW - Tertiary KW - physical properties KW - North Pacific KW - Neogene KW - nannofossils KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Pliocene KW - Pleistocene KW - Ocean Drilling Program KW - ODP Site 1251 KW - microfossils KW - 12:Stratigraphy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50494956?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Ocean+Drilling+Program%2C+Part+A%3A+Initial+Reports&rft.atitle=Site+1251&rft.au=Trehu%2C+Anne+M%3BBohrmann%2C+Gerhard%3BRack%2C+Frank+R%3BTorres%2C+Marta+E%3BBangs%2C+Nathan+L%3BBarr%2C+Samantha+R%3BBorowski%2C+Walter+S%3BClaypool%2C+George+E%3BCollett%2C+Timothy+S%3BDelwiche%2C+Mark+E%3BDickens%2C+Gerald+R%3BGoldberg%2C+David+S%3BGracia%2C+Eulalia%3BGuerin%2C+Gilles%3BHolland%2C+Melanie%3BJohnson%2C+Joel+E%3BLee%2C+Young-Joo%3BLiu%2C+Char-Shine%3BLong%2C+Philip+E%3BMilkov%2C+Alexei+V+%28Aleksei+V%29%3BRiedel%2C+Michael%3BSchultheiss%2C+Peter%3BSu%2C+Xin%3BTeichert%2C+Barbara%3BTomaru%2C+Hitoshi%3BVanneste%2C+Maarten%3BWatanabe%2C+Mahito%3BWeinberger%2C+Jill+L&rft.aulast=Trehu&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=204&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Ocean+Drilling+Program%2C+Part+A%3A+Initial+Reports&rft.issn=0884-5883&rft_id=info:doi/10.2973%2Fodp.proc.ir.204.110.2003 L2 - http://www-odp.tamu.edu/publications/204_IR/chap_10/chap_10.htm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sect., strat. cols., 20 tables, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Available only on CD-ROM in PDF format and on the Web in PDF or HTML; CD-ROM format, ISSN 1096-2522; WWW format, ISSN 1096-2158 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - IDSDA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algae; biostratigraphy; Cascadia Basin; Cenozoic; continental margin; cores; diatoms; East Pacific; gas hydrates; geochemistry; geomicrobiology; geophysical methods; Holocene; Hydrate Ridge; Leg 204; lithostratigraphy; marine sediments; microfossils; nannofossils; Neogene; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; Ocean Drilling Program; ocean floors; ODP Site 1251; Oregon; Pacific Ocean; physical properties; Plantae; Pleistocene; Pliocene; Quaternary; sediments; Tertiary; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.ir.204.110.2003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Site 1250 AN - 50494886; 2004-011455 JF - Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Part A: Initial Reports AU - Trehu, Anne M AU - Bohrmann, Gerhard AU - Rack, Frank R AU - Torres, Marta E AU - Bangs, Nathan L AU - Barr, Samantha R AU - Borowski, Walter S AU - Claypool, George E AU - Collett, Timothy S AU - Delwiche, Mark E AU - Dickens, Gerald R AU - Goldberg, David S AU - Gracia, Eulalia AU - Guerin, Gilles AU - Holland, Melanie AU - Johnson, Joel E AU - Lee, Young-Joo AU - Liu, Char-Shine AU - Long, Philip E AU - Milkov, Alexei V (Aleksei V) AU - Riedel, Michael AU - Schultheiss, Peter AU - Su, Xin AU - Teichert, Barbara AU - Tomaru, Hitoshi AU - Vanneste, Maarten AU - Watanabe, Mahito AU - Weinberger, Jill L A2 - Chapman, Mary Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 100 PB - Texas A&M University, Ocean Drilling Program, College Station, TX VL - 204 KW - United States KW - lithostratigraphy KW - Northeast Pacific KW - gas hydrates KW - Cascadia Basin KW - algae KW - Holocene KW - cores KW - Cenozoic KW - Oregon KW - marine sediments KW - diatoms KW - sediments KW - depositional environment KW - ocean floors KW - Leg 204 KW - geochemistry KW - East Pacific KW - Plantae KW - continental margin KW - Quaternary KW - biostratigraphy KW - geomicrobiology KW - geophysical methods KW - Hydrate Ridge KW - physical properties KW - North Pacific KW - nannofossils KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Pleistocene KW - Ocean Drilling Program KW - microfossils KW - ODP Site 1250 KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50494886?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Ocean+Drilling+Program%2C+Part+A%3A+Initial+Reports&rft.atitle=Site+1250&rft.au=Trehu%2C+Anne+M%3BBohrmann%2C+Gerhard%3BRack%2C+Frank+R%3BTorres%2C+Marta+E%3BBangs%2C+Nathan+L%3BBarr%2C+Samantha+R%3BBorowski%2C+Walter+S%3BClaypool%2C+George+E%3BCollett%2C+Timothy+S%3BDelwiche%2C+Mark+E%3BDickens%2C+Gerald+R%3BGoldberg%2C+David+S%3BGracia%2C+Eulalia%3BGuerin%2C+Gilles%3BHolland%2C+Melanie%3BJohnson%2C+Joel+E%3BLee%2C+Young-Joo%3BLiu%2C+Char-Shine%3BLong%2C+Philip+E%3BMilkov%2C+Alexei+V+%28Aleksei+V%29%3BRiedel%2C+Michael%3BSchultheiss%2C+Peter%3BSu%2C+Xin%3BTeichert%2C+Barbara%3BTomaru%2C+Hitoshi%3BVanneste%2C+Maarten%3BWatanabe%2C+Mahito%3BWeinberger%2C+Jill+L&rft.aulast=Trehu&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=204&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Ocean+Drilling+Program%2C+Part+A%3A+Initial+Reports&rft.issn=0884-5883&rft_id=info:doi/10.2973%2Fodp.proc.ir.204.109.2003 L2 - http://www-odp.tamu.edu/publications/204_IR/chap_09/chap_09.htm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. strat. cols., 19 tables, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Available only on CD-ROM in PDF format and on the Web in PDF or HTML; CD-ROM format, ISSN 1096-2522; WWW format, ISSN 1096-2158 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - IDSDA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algae; biostratigraphy; Cascadia Basin; Cenozoic; continental margin; cores; depositional environment; diatoms; East Pacific; gas hydrates; geochemistry; geomicrobiology; geophysical methods; Holocene; Hydrate Ridge; Leg 204; lithostratigraphy; marine sediments; microfossils; nannofossils; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; Ocean Drilling Program; ocean floors; ODP Site 1250; Oregon; Pacific Ocean; physical properties; Plantae; Pleistocene; Quaternary; sediments; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.ir.204.109.2003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Explanatory notes AN - 50494522; 2004-011448 JF - Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Part A: Initial Reports AU - Trehu, Anne M AU - Bohrmann, Gerhard AU - Rack, Frank R AU - Torres, Marta E AU - Bangs, Nathan L AU - Barr, Samantha R AU - Borowski, Walter S AU - Claypool, George E AU - Collett, Timothy S AU - Delwiche, Mark E AU - Dickens, Gerald R AU - Goldberg, David S AU - Gracia, Eulalia AU - Guerin, Gilles AU - Holland, Melanie AU - Johnson, Joel E AU - Lee, Young-Joo AU - Liu, Char-Shine AU - Long, Philip E AU - Milkov, Alexei V (Aleksei V) AU - Riedel, Michael AU - Schultheiss, Peter AU - Su, Xin AU - Teichert, Barbara AU - Tomaru, Hitoshi AU - Vanneste, Maarten AU - Watanabe, Mahito AU - Weinberger, Jill L A2 - Chapman, Mary Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 102 PB - Texas A&M University, Ocean Drilling Program, College Station, TX VL - 204 KW - United States KW - lithostratigraphy KW - sea water KW - Northeast Pacific KW - gas hydrates KW - Cascadia Basin KW - algae KW - cores KW - Cenozoic KW - Oregon KW - marine sediments KW - diatoms KW - sediments KW - ocean floors KW - Leg 204 KW - geochemistry KW - East Pacific KW - Plantae KW - continental margin KW - well logs KW - biostratigraphy KW - geomicrobiology KW - geophysical methods KW - Hydrate Ridge KW - hydrochemistry KW - Tertiary KW - physical properties KW - North Pacific KW - Neogene KW - nannofossils KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Ocean Drilling Program KW - microfossils KW - 12:Stratigraphy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50494522?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Ocean+Drilling+Program%2C+Part+A%3A+Initial+Reports&rft.atitle=Explanatory+notes&rft.au=Trehu%2C+Anne+M%3BBohrmann%2C+Gerhard%3BRack%2C+Frank+R%3BTorres%2C+Marta+E%3BBangs%2C+Nathan+L%3BBarr%2C+Samantha+R%3BBorowski%2C+Walter+S%3BClaypool%2C+George+E%3BCollett%2C+Timothy+S%3BDelwiche%2C+Mark+E%3BDickens%2C+Gerald+R%3BGoldberg%2C+David+S%3BGracia%2C+Eulalia%3BGuerin%2C+Gilles%3BHolland%2C+Melanie%3BJohnson%2C+Joel+E%3BLee%2C+Young-Joo%3BLiu%2C+Char-Shine%3BLong%2C+Philip+E%3BMilkov%2C+Alexei+V+%28Aleksei+V%29%3BRiedel%2C+Michael%3BSchultheiss%2C+Peter%3BSu%2C+Xin%3BTeichert%2C+Barbara%3BTomaru%2C+Hitoshi%3BVanneste%2C+Maarten%3BWatanabe%2C+Mahito%3BWeinberger%2C+Jill+L&rft.aulast=Trehu&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=204&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Ocean+Drilling+Program%2C+Part+A%3A+Initial+Reports&rft.issn=0884-5883&rft_id=info:doi/10.2973%2Fodp.proc.ir.204.102.2003 L2 - http://www-odp.tamu.edu/publications/204_IR/chap_02/chap_02.htm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 101 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 8 tables, strat. cols. N1 - SuppNotes - Available only on CD-ROM in PDF format and on the Web in PDF or HTML; CD-ROM format, ISSN 1096-2522; WWW format, ISSN 1096-2158 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - IDSDA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algae; biostratigraphy; Cascadia Basin; Cenozoic; continental margin; cores; diatoms; East Pacific; gas hydrates; geochemistry; geomicrobiology; geophysical methods; Hydrate Ridge; hydrochemistry; Leg 204; lithostratigraphy; marine sediments; microfossils; nannofossils; Neogene; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; Ocean Drilling Program; ocean floors; Oregon; Pacific Ocean; physical properties; Plantae; sea water; sediments; Tertiary; United States; well logs DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.ir.204.102.2003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Site 1244 AN - 50492945; 2004-011449 JF - Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Part A: Initial Reports AU - Trehu, Anne M AU - Bohrmann, Gerhard AU - Rack, Frank R AU - Torres, Marta E AU - Bangs, Nathan L AU - Barr, Samantha R AU - Borowski, Walter S AU - Claypool, George E AU - Collett, Timothy S AU - Delwiche, Mark E AU - Dickens, Gerald R AU - Goldberg, David S AU - Gracia, Eulalia AU - Guerin, Gilles AU - Holland, Melanie AU - Johnson, Joel E AU - Lee, Young-Joo AU - Liu, Char-Shine AU - Long, Philip E AU - Milkov, Alexei V (Aleksei V) AU - Riedel, Michael AU - Schultheiss, Peter AU - Su, Xin AU - Teichert, Barbara AU - Tomaru, Hitoshi AU - Vanneste, Maarten AU - Watanabe, Mahito AU - Weinberger, Jill L A2 - Chapman, Mary Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 132 PB - Texas A&M University, Ocean Drilling Program, College Station, TX VL - 204 KW - United States KW - lithostratigraphy KW - Northeast Pacific KW - gas hydrates KW - Cascadia Basin KW - algae KW - cores KW - Cenozoic KW - Oregon KW - marine sediments KW - diatoms KW - sediments KW - ODP Site 1244 KW - ocean floors KW - Leg 204 KW - geochemistry KW - East Pacific KW - Plantae KW - continental margin KW - Quaternary KW - biostratigraphy KW - geomicrobiology KW - geophysical methods KW - Hydrate Ridge KW - Tertiary KW - physical properties KW - North Pacific KW - Neogene KW - nannofossils KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Pliocene KW - Pleistocene KW - Ocean Drilling Program KW - microfossils KW - 12:Stratigraphy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50492945?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Ocean+Drilling+Program%2C+Part+A%3A+Initial+Reports&rft.atitle=Site+1244&rft.au=Trehu%2C+Anne+M%3BBohrmann%2C+Gerhard%3BRack%2C+Frank+R%3BTorres%2C+Marta+E%3BBangs%2C+Nathan+L%3BBarr%2C+Samantha+R%3BBorowski%2C+Walter+S%3BClaypool%2C+George+E%3BCollett%2C+Timothy+S%3BDelwiche%2C+Mark+E%3BDickens%2C+Gerald+R%3BGoldberg%2C+David+S%3BGracia%2C+Eulalia%3BGuerin%2C+Gilles%3BHolland%2C+Melanie%3BJohnson%2C+Joel+E%3BLee%2C+Young-Joo%3BLiu%2C+Char-Shine%3BLong%2C+Philip+E%3BMilkov%2C+Alexei+V+%28Aleksei+V%29%3BRiedel%2C+Michael%3BSchultheiss%2C+Peter%3BSu%2C+Xin%3BTeichert%2C+Barbara%3BTomaru%2C+Hitoshi%3BVanneste%2C+Maarten%3BWatanabe%2C+Mahito%3BWeinberger%2C+Jill+L&rft.aulast=Trehu&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=204&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Ocean+Drilling+Program%2C+Part+A%3A+Initial+Reports&rft.issn=0884-5883&rft_id=info:doi/10.2973%2Fodp.proc.ir.204.103.2003 L2 - http://www-odp.tamu.edu/publications/204_IR/chap_03/chap_03.htm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 45 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 22 tables, strat. col. N1 - SuppNotes - Available only on CD-ROM in PDF format and on the Web in PDF or HTML; CD-ROM format, ISSN 1096-2522; WWW format, ISSN 1096-2158 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - IDSDA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algae; biostratigraphy; Cascadia Basin; Cenozoic; continental margin; cores; diatoms; East Pacific; gas hydrates; geochemistry; geomicrobiology; geophysical methods; Hydrate Ridge; Leg 204; lithostratigraphy; marine sediments; microfossils; nannofossils; Neogene; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; Ocean Drilling Program; ocean floors; ODP Site 1244; Oregon; Pacific Ocean; physical properties; Plantae; Pleistocene; Pliocene; Quaternary; sediments; Tertiary; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.ir.204.103.2003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potential docking sites and positions of hydrogen in high-pressure silicates AN - 51911094; 2004-001414 AB - A method based on an analysis of the Laplacian of the electron density distribution is used to locate positions of nonbonding electron-pairs and favorable docking sites for hydrogen in high-pressure silicates, including stishovite, akimotoite, wadsleyite, ringwoodite, MgSiO (sub 3) , and CaSiO (sub 3) perovskite. In stishovite, model hydrogen positions (h) are located off the shared O...O edge of the octahedra with the Oh vector oriented perpendicular to [001]. In akimotoite, two model positions for hydrogen are found, one along an edge of the MgO (sub 6) octahedron with an Oh vector aligned close to [001] and the other within the face of the MgO (sub 6) octahedra, with Oh vectors oriented perpendicular to [001]. Geometric and electrostatic considerations suggest that both of these sites would require vacant Mg sites. In wadsleyite, potential sites for protonation exist for all O atoms. Hydrogen bonded to O1 resides in a cage-like site with the Oh dipole oriented parallel to [001]. Two symmetrically equivalent sites for hydrogen exist at O2 in a second cage-like structure with Oh vectors aligned approximately along [100]. The calculations also identify potential sites for hydrogen at O3 and O4, but suggest that these could only be occupied by hydrogen if vacancies exist at adjacent Mg sites. Model hydrogen positions in ringwoodite are predicted along O...O edges of the MgO (sub 6) octahedron, and, if occupied, would require vacancies at adjacent Mg sites. MgSiO (sub 3) perovskite is distinguished by having only one potential site for hydrogen. The Oh vector lies within the (110) plane and geometric and electrostatic considerations suggest that a vacancy is required at the Mg site if this site is protonated. No localized sites for hydrogen are found in CaSiO (sub 3) perovskite. We suggest that non-bonded electron pairs associated with oxide anions involved in octahedral frameworks with tilt angles of less than 180 degrees provide more favorable docking sites for protons than those involved in wider angles. The results from the electron density calculations show very good agreement with available crystallographic and spectroscopic data and demonstrate that the strategy used in this study can be useful in locating protons in Earth materials. JF - American Mineralogist AU - Ross, Nancy L AU - Gibbs, G V AU - Rosso, Kevin M AU - Welch, Mark D AU - Lager, George A Y1 - 2003/10// PY - 2003 DA - October 2003 SP - 1452 EP - 1459 PB - Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC VL - 88 IS - 10 SN - 0003-004X, 0003-004X KW - silicates KW - pressure KW - silica minerals KW - perovskite KW - olivine group KW - stishovite KW - perovskite structure KW - high pressure KW - akimotoite KW - nesosilicates KW - ringwoodite KW - hydrogen KW - wadsleyite KW - orthosilicates KW - oxides KW - framework silicates KW - 17A:General geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51911094?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=Potential+docking+sites+and+positions+of+hydrogen+in+high-pressure+silicates&rft.au=Ross%2C+Nancy+L%3BGibbs%2C+G+V%3BRosso%2C+Kevin+M%3BWelch%2C+Mark+D%3BLager%2C+George+A&rft.aulast=Ross&rft.aufirst=Nancy&rft.date=2003-10-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1452&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Mineralogist&rft.issn=0003004X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ammin.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - International Mineralogical Association meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 49 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AMMIAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - akimotoite; framework silicates; high pressure; hydrogen; nesosilicates; olivine group; orthosilicates; oxides; perovskite; perovskite structure; pressure; ringwoodite; silica minerals; silicates; stishovite; wadsleyite ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Imaging the heterogeneity of mineral surface reactivity using Ag(I) and synchrotron X-ray microscopy AN - 51598894; 2006-035768 JF - Physics and Chemistry of Minerals AU - Amonette, Jim E AU - Heald, S M AU - Russell, C K Y1 - 2003/10// PY - 2003 DA - October 2003 SP - 559 EP - 569 PB - Springer-Verlag, Berlin-New York VL - 30 IS - 9 SN - 0342-1791, 0342-1791 KW - silicates KW - Fountain Formation KW - granites KW - microstructure KW - Atlantic County New Jersey KW - clinoamphibole KW - reactivity KW - sedimentary rocks KW - plutonic rocks KW - upper Paleozoic KW - mica group KW - hematite KW - framework silicates KW - reduction KW - Atlantic City New Jersey KW - chain silicates KW - sulfate ion KW - Paleozoic KW - X-ray spectra KW - conglomerate KW - Ontario KW - New York KW - heterogeneous materials KW - Canada KW - microscope methods KW - biotite KW - Faraday Township Ontario KW - New Jersey KW - crystal chemistry KW - feldspar group KW - clastic rocks KW - United States KW - Clinton New York KW - igneous rocks KW - thin sections KW - Washington Pass KW - arfvedsonite KW - synchrotron radiation KW - chemical reactions KW - quantitative analysis KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - quartz-pebble conglomerate KW - chemical analysis KW - Washington KW - Oneida County New York KW - silver KW - oxidation KW - amphibole group KW - sample preparation KW - Hudson County New Jersey KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - sheet silicates KW - Eastern Canada KW - diabase KW - 01A:General mineralogy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51598894?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+Minerals&rft.atitle=Imaging+the+heterogeneity+of+mineral+surface+reactivity+using+Ag%28I%29+and+synchrotron+X-ray+microscopy&rft.au=Amonette%2C+Jim+E%3BHeald%2C+S+M%3BRussell%2C+C+K&rft.aulast=Amonette&rft.aufirst=Jim&rft.date=2003-10-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=559&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+Minerals&rft.issn=03421791&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00269-003-0350-2 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/100449/?p=e597e977f1914094b3810f7e67f0a453&pi=0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - PCMIDU N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - amphibole group; arfvedsonite; Atlantic City New Jersey; Atlantic County New Jersey; bacteria; biotite; Canada; chain silicates; chemical analysis; chemical reactions; clastic rocks; clinoamphibole; Clinton New York; conglomerate; crystal chemistry; diabase; Eastern Canada; Faraday Township Ontario; feldspar group; Fountain Formation; framework silicates; granites; hematite; heterogeneous materials; Hudson County New Jersey; igneous rocks; metals; mica group; microscope methods; microstructure; New Jersey; New York; Oneida County New York; Ontario; oxidation; oxides; Paleozoic; plutonic rocks; quantitative analysis; quartz-pebble conglomerate; reactivity; reduction; sample preparation; sedimentary rocks; sheet silicates; silicates; silver; spectra; sulfate ion; synchrotron radiation; thin sections; United States; upper Paleozoic; Washington; Washington Pass; X-ray spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00269-003-0350-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hanford Site; environmental report for calendar year 2002 AN - 51511211; 2007-004962 JF - PNNL (Pacific Northwest National Laboratory) A2 - Poston, T. M. A2 - Hanf, R. W. A2 - Dirkes, R. L. A2 - Morasch, L. F. Y1 - 2003/09// PY - 2003 DA - September 2003 EP - variously paginated PB - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA KW - United States KW - hazardous waste KW - Resource Conservation and Recovery Act KW - radioactivity KW - soil vapor extraction KW - regulations KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - waste management KW - decontamination KW - sediments KW - ecology KW - pump-and-treat KW - soils KW - protection KW - toxic materials KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - Superfund KW - pollutants KW - Columbia River KW - effluents KW - surface water KW - legislation KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - biota KW - models KW - risk assessment KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51511211?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2003-09-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Hanford+Site%3B+environmental+report+for+calendar+year+2002&rft.title=Hanford+Site%3B+environmental+report+for+calendar+year+2002&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.pnl.gov/publications/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - WA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 89 tables, sketch maps N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04694 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biota; Columbia River; decontamination; ecology; effluents; environmental analysis; ground water; Hanford Site; hazardous waste; legislation; models; monitoring; pollutants; pollution; protection; pump-and-treat; radioactive waste; radioactivity; regulations; remediation; Resource Conservation and Recovery Act; risk assessment; sediments; soil vapor extraction; soils; Superfund; surface water; toxic materials; United States; Washington; waste disposal; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hanford Site environmental surveillance data report for calendar year 2002 AN - 50526925; 2009-015838 JF - PNNL (Pacific Northwest National Laboratory) AU - Bisping, L E Y1 - 2003/09// PY - 2003 DA - September 2003 SP - 215 PB - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA KW - United States KW - soils KW - Washington KW - pollutants KW - Columbia River KW - surface water KW - waste disposal sites KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - vegetation KW - environmental analysis KW - drinking water KW - samples KW - biota KW - radioactive waste KW - environmental management KW - sampling KW - soil pollution KW - sediments KW - air KW - waste disposal KW - water pollution KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50526925?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Bisping%2C+L+E&rft.aulast=Bisping&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2003-09-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Hanford+Site+environmental+surveillance+data+report+for+calendar+year+2002&rft.title=Hanford+Site+environmental+surveillance+data+report+for+calendar+year+2002&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.pnl.gov/publications/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - WA N1 - Document feature - 18 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04694 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air; biota; Columbia River; drinking water; environmental analysis; environmental management; Hanford Site; pollutants; pollution; radioactive waste; samples; sampling; sediments; soil pollution; soils; surface water; United States; vegetation; Washington; waste disposal; waste disposal sites; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Effect of Lake Temperatures and Emissions on Ozone Exposure in the Western Great Lakes Region AN - 17293740; 5713054 AB - A meteorological-chemical model with a 12-km horizontal grid spacing was used to simulate the evolution of ozone over the western Great Lakes region during a 30-day period in the summer of 1999. Lake temperatures in the model were based on analyses derived from daily satellite measurements. The model performance was evaluated using operational surface and upper-air meteorological measurements and surface chemical measurements. Reasonable agreement between the simulations and observations was obtained. The bias (predicted - observed) over the simulation period was only -1.3 ppb for the peak ozone mixing ratio during the day and 5.5 ppb for the minimum ozone mixing ratio at night. High ozone production rates were produced over the surface of the lakes as a result of stable atmospheric conditions that trapped ozone precursors within a shallow layer during the day. In one location, an increase of 200 ppb of ozone over a 9-h period was produced by chemical production that was offset by losses of 110 ppb through vertical mixing, horizontal transport, and deposition. The predicted ozone was also sensitive to lake temperatures. A simulation with climatological lake temperatures produced ozone mixing ratios over the lakes and around the lake shores that differed from the simulation with observed lake temperatures by as much as 50 ppb, while the differences over land were usually 10 ppb or less. Through a series of sensitivity studies that varied ozone precursor emissions, it was shown that a reduction of 50% in NOx or volatile organic compounds would lower the 60-ppb ozone exposure by up to 50 h month-1 in the remote forest regions over the northern Great Lakes. The implications of these results on future climate change and air quality in the region are discussed. JF - Journal of Applied Meteorology AU - Fast, J D AU - Heilman, W E AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, K9-30, 3200 Q Avenue, Richland, WA 99352, jeromefast@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003/09// PY - 2003 DA - September 2003 SP - 1197 EP - 1217 PB - American Meteorological Society VL - 42 IS - 9 SN - 0894-8763, 0894-8763 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Climatic changes KW - Lake temperatures KW - Mixing KW - Atmosphere KW - Canada, Northern Great Lakes KW - Lakes KW - Exposure KW - Emissions KW - Climatic Changes KW - Meteorology KW - Ozone KW - Temperature effects KW - Temperature KW - Simulation KW - Air-water interface KW - Model Studies KW - Earth atmosphere KW - Lake temperature estimation from satellite radiation measurements KW - North America, Great Lakes KW - Deposition KW - Air-water interactions KW - Ozone over lakes KW - Organic Compounds KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M2 556.551:Water properties in lakes, reservoirs, and ponds (556.551) KW - Q2 09171:Dynamics of lakes and rivers KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - M2 551.510.3/.4:Physical Properties/Composition (551.510.3/.4) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17293740?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Applied+Meteorology&rft.atitle=The+Effect+of+Lake+Temperatures+and+Emissions+on+Ozone+Exposure+in+the+Western+Great+Lakes+Region&rft.au=Fast%2C+J+D%3BHeilman%2C+W+E&rft.aulast=Fast&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-09-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1197&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Applied+Meteorology&rft.issn=08948763&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F1520-0450%282003%29042%281197%3ATEOLTA%292.0.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Lakes; Climatic changes; Simulation; Meteorology; Air-water interface; Earth atmosphere; Ozone; Lake temperature estimation from satellite radiation measurements; Lake temperatures; Ozone over lakes; Temperature; Emissions; Air-water interactions; Atmosphere; Exposure; Climatic Changes; Deposition; Organic Compounds; Mixing; Model Studies; North America, Great Lakes; Canada, Northern Great Lakes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0450(2003)042(1197:TEOLTA)2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of Coupled Dissolution and Redox Reactions on Cr(VI) sub(aq) Attenuation during Transport in the Sediments under Hyperalkaline Conditions AN - 16160274; 5773899 AB - Aluminum-rich, hyperalkaline (pH > 13.5) and saline high-level nuclear waste (HLW) fluids at elevated temperatures (>50C), that possibly contained as much as 0.41 mol L super(-1) Cr(VI), accidentally leaked to the sediments at the Hanford Site, WA. These extreme conditions promote base-induced dissolution of soil minerals which may affect Cr(VI) sub(aq) mobility. Our objective was to investigate Cr(VI) sub(aq) transport in sediments leached with HLW simulants at 50C, under CO sub(2) and O sub(2) free conditions. Results demonstrated that Cr(VI) sub(aq) fate was closely related to dissolution, and Cr(VI) sub(aq) mass loss was negligible in the first pore volumes but increased significantly thereafter. Similar to dissolution, Cr(VI) sub(aq) attenuation increased with increasing fluid residence time and NaOH concentration but decreased with Al concentrations in the leaching solutions. Aqueous Cr(VI) removal rate half-lives varied from 1.2 to 230 h with the fastest at the highest base concentration, lowest Al concentration, greatest reaction time, and lowest Cr(VI) concentration in the leaching solution. The rate of Cr(VI) removal (normalized to 1 kg of solution) varied from 0.83 x 10 super(-9) (c0.44 x 10 super(-9)) to 9.16 x 10 super(-9) (c1.10 x 10 super(-9)) mol s super(-1). The predominant mechanism responsible for removing Cr(VI) from the aqueous phase appears to be homogeneous Cr(VI) reduction to Cr(III) by Fe(II) released during mineral dissolution. Cr(VI) sub(aq) removal was time-limited probably because it was controlled by the rate of Fe(II) release into the soil solution upon mineral dissolution, which was also a time-limited process, and other processes that may act to lower Fe(II) sub(aq) activity. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Qafoku, N P AU - Ainsworth, C C AU - Szecsody, JE AU - Qafoku, O S AU - Heald, S M AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MSIN: K3-61, Richland, WA 99352, USA, nik.qafoku@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003/08/15/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Aug 15 SP - 3640 EP - 3646 VL - 37 IS - 16 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Biodegradation KW - Path of Pollutants KW - Alkalinity KW - Sediment Contamination KW - Radioactive Wastes KW - Sediment pollution KW - Redox reactions KW - Leaching KW - Chromium KW - Radioactive wastes KW - Attenuation KW - Fate KW - USA, Washington, Hanford Site KW - Transport KW - Aluminium KW - Aluminum KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - P 8000:RADIATION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16160274?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Effect+of+Coupled+Dissolution+and+Redox+Reactions+on+Cr%28VI%29+sub%28aq%29+Attenuation+during+Transport+in+the+Sediments+under+Hyperalkaline+Conditions&rft.au=Qafoku%2C+N+P%3BAinsworth%2C+C+C%3BSzecsody%2C+JE%3BQafoku%2C+O+S%3BHeald%2C+S+M&rft.aulast=Qafoku&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2003-08-15&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=16&rft.spage=3640&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Redox reactions; Sediment pollution; Leaching; Chromium; Alkalinity; Radioactive wastes; Fate; Biodegradation; Aluminum; Radioactive Wastes; Path of Pollutants; Transport; Aluminium; Attenuation; Sediment Contamination; USA, Washington, Hanford Site ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ab initio determination of edge surface structures for dioctahedral 2:1 phyllosilicates; implications for acid-base reactivity AN - 51914803; 2003-082777 AB - The atomic structure of dioctahedral 2:1 phyllosilicate edge surfaces was calculated using pseudopotential planewave density functional theory. Bulk structures of pyrophyllite and ferripyrophyllite were optimized using periodic boundary conditions, after which crystal chemical methods were used to obtain initial terminations for ideal (110)-and (010)-type edge surfaces. The edge surfaces were protonated using various schemes to neutralize the surface charge, and total minimized energies were compared to identify which schemes are the most energetically favorable. The calculations show that significant surface relaxation should occur on the (110)-type faces, as well as in response to different protonation schemes on both surface types. This result is consistent with atomic force microscopy observations of phyllosilicate dissolution behavior. Bond-valence methods incorporating bond lengths from calculated structures can be used to predict intrinsic acidity constants for surface functional groups on (110)- and (010)-type edge surfaces. However, the occurrence of surface relaxation poses problems for applying current bond-valence methods. An alternative method is proposed that considers bond relaxation, and accounts for the energetics of various protonation schemes on phyllosilicate edges. JF - Clays and Clay Minerals AU - Bickmore, Barry R AU - Rosso, Kevin M AU - Nagy, Kathryn L AU - Cygan, Randall T AU - Tadanier, Christopher J Y1 - 2003/08// PY - 2003 DA - August 2003 SP - 359 EP - 371 PB - Clay Minerals Society, Clarkson, NY VL - 51 IS - 4 SN - 0009-8604, 0009-8604 KW - silicates KW - density KW - solutions KW - clay mineralogy KW - unit cell KW - crystal structure KW - clay minerals KW - chemical reactions KW - sheet silicates KW - valency KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51914803?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clays+and+Clay+Minerals&rft.atitle=Ab+initio+determination+of+edge+surface+structures+for+dioctahedral+2%3A1+phyllosilicates%3B+implications+for+acid-base+reactivity&rft.au=Bickmore%2C+Barry+R%3BRosso%2C+Kevin+M%3BNagy%2C+Kathryn+L%3BCygan%2C+Randall+T%3BTadanier%2C+Christopher+J&rft.aulast=Bickmore&rft.aufirst=Barry&rft.date=2003-08-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=359&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clays+and+Clay+Minerals&rft.issn=00098604&rft_id=info:doi/10.1346%2FCCMN.2003.0510401 L2 - http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/cms/ccm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 49 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables, 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CLCMAB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical reactions; clay mineralogy; clay minerals; crystal structure; density; geochemistry; kinetics; pH; sheet silicates; silicates; solutions; unit cell; valency DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1346/CCMN.2003.0510401 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Flow and solute transport around injection wells through a single, growing fracture AN - 51874469; 2004-022931 AB - During deep-well injection of liquids, the formation around an injection well is often fractured due to an imbalance between the injection pressure and the minimum horizontal rock stress opposing fracturing. The resulting fractures can grow during injection, which may span over several months to years. Earlier studies reported on solute transport in a single fracture in low permeability fractured media, assuming that transport into the formation perpendicular to the face of the fracture is mediated by diffusion alone. This may be valid for flow under natural gradients through fractured formations of low permeability. In contrast, due to the high rates of injection through a fractured injection well, both advection and dispersion play an important role in the spread of contaminants around a fractured injection well. We present a model for the flow and reactive solute transport profiles around fractured injection wells, through a single, two-winged vertical fracture created by injection at high rates and/or pressures and growing with time. The fracture, of constant height and infinite conductivity, serves as a line source injecting fluids into the formation perpendicular to its face via a uniform leak-off, resulting in an elliptical water flood front confocal with the fracture. Flow and solute transport within the elliptical flow domain is formulated as a planar (two-dimensional) transport problem, described by the advection-dispersion equation in elliptical coordinates including retardation and 1st order radioactive nuclear decay processes. Results indicate that transport at early times depends strongly on location relative to the fracture. Retardation has a more pronounced influence on transport for the cases where advection is significant; whereas 1st order radioactive nuclear decay process is independent of advective velocity. Flow and transport around an injection well with a vertical fracture exhibits important differences from radial transport that neglects the presence of the fracture, and also from transport from a fracture of constant length. The model and findings presented have applications in the calculation of the fate and transport of contaminants around fractured injectors and modeling the resulting contaminant plumes down stream of the wells. Further, the model also serves as a basis for modeling enhanced remediation of contaminated rock via injection well fracturing, a recently demonstrated technology. JF - Advances in Water Resources AU - Bryant, Steven L AU - Paruchuri, Ramoj K AU - Prasad Saripalli, K Y1 - 2003/08// PY - 2003 DA - August 2003 SP - 803 EP - 813 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 26 IS - 8 SN - 0309-1708, 0309-1708 KW - solute transport KW - fractured materials KW - sorption KW - contaminant plumes KW - finite difference analysis KW - data processing KW - radioactive decay KW - hydraulic pressure KW - fluid dynamics KW - ground water KW - fractures KW - fluid injection KW - digital simulation KW - Reynolds number KW - propagation KW - Peclet number KW - hydraulic fracturing KW - concentration KW - numerical models KW - iterative methods KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - equations KW - advection KW - boundary conditions KW - flows KW - aquifers KW - case studies KW - factors KW - mathematical methods KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51874469?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.atitle=Flow+and+solute+transport+around+injection+wells+through+a+single%2C+growing+fracture&rft.au=Bryant%2C+Steven+L%3BParuchuri%2C+Ramoj+K%3BPrasad+Saripalli%2C+K&rft.aulast=Bryant&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2003-08-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=803&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.issn=03091708&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0309-1708%2803%2900065-4 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03091708 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 26 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - advection; aquifers; boundary conditions; case studies; concentration; contaminant plumes; data processing; digital simulation; equations; factors; finite difference analysis; flows; fluid dynamics; fluid injection; fractured materials; fractures; ground water; hydraulic fracturing; hydraulic pressure; iterative methods; mathematical methods; numerical models; Peclet number; pollutants; pollution; propagation; radioactive decay; Reynolds number; solute transport; sorption; waste disposal DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0309-1708(03)00065-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Desorption kinetics of radiocesium from subsurface sediments at Hanford Site, USA AN - 51762847; 2005-006499 AB - The desorption of (super 137) Cs (super +) was investigated on sediments from the United States Hanford site. Pristine sediments and ones that were contaminated by the accidental release of alkaline (super 137) Cs (super +) -containing high level nuclear wastes (HLW, 2X10 (super 6) to 6X10 (super 7) pCi (super 137) Cs (super +) /g) were studied. The desorption of (super 137) Cs (super +) was measured in Na (super +) , K (super +) , Rb (super +) , and NH (sub 4) (super +) electrolytes of variable concentration and pH, and in presence of a strong Cs (super +) -specific sorbent (self-assembled monolayer on a mesoporous support, SAMMS). (super 137) Cs (super +) desorption from the HLW-contaminated Hanford sediments exhibited two distinct phases: an initial instantaneous release followed by a slow kinetic process. The extent of (super 137) Cs (super +) desorption increased with increasing electrolyte concentration and followed a trend of Rb (super +) > or =K (super +) >Na (super +) at circumneutral pH. This trend followed the respective selectivities of these cations for the sediment. The extent and rate of (super 137) Cs (super +) desorption was influenced by surface armoring, intraparticle diffusion, and the collapse of edge-interlayer sites in solutions containing K (super +) , Rb (super +) , or NH (sub 4) (super +) . Scanning electron microscopic analysis revealed HLW-induced precipitation of secondary aluminosilicates on the edges and basal planes of micaceous minerals that were primary Cs (super +) sorbents. The removal of these precipitates by acidified ammonium oxalate extraction significantly increased the long-term desorption rate and extent. X-ray microprobe analyses of Cs (super +) -sorbed micas showed that the (super 137) Cs (super +) distributed not only on mica edges, but also within internal channels parallel to the basal plane, implying intraparticle diffusive migration of (super 137) Cs (super +) . Controlled desorption experiments using Cs (super +) -spiked pristine sediment indicated that the (super 137) Cs (super +) diffusion rate was fast in Na (super +) -electrolyte, but much slower in the presence of K (super +) or Rb (super +) , suggesting an effect of edge-interlayer collapse. An intraparticle diffusion model coupled with a two-site cation exchange model was used to interpret the experimental results. Model simulations suggested that about 40% of total sorbed (super 137) Cs (super +) was exchangeable, including equilibrium and kinetic desorbable pools. At pH 3, this ratio increased to 60-80%. The remainder of the sorbed (super 137) Cs (super +) was fixed or desorbed at much slower rate than our experiments could detect. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Liu, Chongxuan AU - Zachara, John M AU - Smith, Steve C AU - McKinley, James P AU - Ainsworth, Calvin C Y1 - 2003/08// PY - 2003 DA - August 2003 SP - 2893 EP - 2912 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 67 IS - 16 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - desorption KW - isotopes KW - radioactive waste KW - radioactive isotopes KW - cesium KW - mica group KW - sediments KW - ion exchange KW - mass transfer KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - high-level waste KW - experimental studies KW - Washington KW - alkali metals KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - electrolytes KW - adsorption KW - X-ray data KW - Cs-137 KW - metals KW - cations KW - sheet silicates KW - waste disposal KW - SEM data KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51762847?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Desorption+kinetics+of+radiocesium+from+subsurface+sediments+at+Hanford+Site%2C+USA&rft.au=Liu%2C+Chongxuan%3BZachara%2C+John+M%3BSmith%2C+Steve+C%3BMcKinley%2C+James+P%3BAinsworth%2C+Calvin+C&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Chongxuan&rft.date=2003-08-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=16&rft.spage=2893&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2803%2900267-9 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 36 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; alkali metals; cations; cesium; Cs-137; desorption; electrolytes; experimental studies; geochemistry; Hanford Site; high-level waste; ion exchange; isotopes; kinetics; mass transfer; metals; mica group; pollution; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; sediments; SEM data; sheet silicates; silicates; United States; Washington; waste disposal; X-ray data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(03)00267-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Secondary mineralization pathways induced by dissimilatory iron reduction of ferrihydrite under advective flow AN - 51762360; 2005-006504 AB - Iron (hydr)oxides not only serve as potent sorbents and repositories for nutrients and contaminants but also provide a terminal electron acceptor for microbial respiration. The microbial reduction of Fe (hydr)oxides and the subsequent secondary solid-phase transformations will, therefore, have a profound influence on the biogeochemical cycling of Fe as well as associated metals. Here we elucidate the pathways and mechanisms of secondary mineralization during dissimilatory iron reduction by a common iron-reducing bacterium, Shewanella putrefaciens (strain CN32), of 2-line ferrihydrite under advective flow conditions. Secondary mineralization of ferrihydrite occurs via a coupled, biotic-abiotic pathway primarily resulting in the production of magnetite and goethite with minor amounts of green rust. Operating mineralization pathways are driven by competing abiotic reactions of bacterially generated ferrous iron with the ferrihydrite surface. Subsequent to the initial sorption of ferrous iron on ferrihydrite, goethite (via dissolution/reprecipitation) and/or magnetite (via solid-state conversion) precipitation ensues resulting in the spatial coupling of both goethite and magnetite with the ferrihydrite surface. The distribution of goethite and magnetite within the column is dictated, in large part, by flow-induced ferrous Fe profiles. While goethite precipitation occurs over a large Fe(II) concentration range, magnetite accumulation is only observed at concentrations exceeding 0.3 mmol/L (equivalent to 0.5 mmol Fe[II]/g ferrihydrite) following 16 d of reaction. Consequently, transport-regulated ferrous Fe profiles result in a progression of magnetite levels downgradient within the column. Declining microbial reduction over time results in lower Fe(II) concentrations and a subsequent shift in magnetite precipitation mechanisms from nucleation to crystal growth. While the initial precipitation rate of goethite exceeds that of magnetite, continued growth is inhibited by magnetite formation, potentially a result of lower Fe(III) activity. Conversely, the presence of lower initial Fe(II) concentrations followed by higher concentrations promotes goethite accumulation and inhibits magnetite precipitation even when Fe(II) concentrations later increase, thus revealing the importance of both the rate of Fe(II) generation and flow-induced Fe(II) profiles. As such, the operating secondary mineralization pathways following reductive dissolution of ferrihydrite at a given pH are governed principally by flow-regulated Fe(II) concentration, which drives mineral precipitation kinetics and selection of competing mineral pathways. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Hansel, Colleen M AU - Benner, Shawn G AU - Neiss, Jim AU - Dohnalkova, Alice AU - Kukkadapu, Ravi K AU - Fendorf, Scott Y1 - 2003/08// PY - 2003 DA - August 2003 SP - 2977 EP - 2992 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 67 IS - 16 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - Shewanella putrefaciens KW - Shewanella KW - iron KW - laboratory studies KW - oxides KW - mineralization KW - spectra KW - geochemistry KW - Mossbauer spectra KW - experimental studies KW - secondary minerals KW - metabolism KW - advection KW - ferrihydrite KW - X-ray spectra KW - TEM data KW - iron hydroxides KW - geochemical cycle KW - hydroxides KW - biogenic processes KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - EXAFS data KW - theoretical models KW - SEM data KW - instruments KW - microorganisms KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51762360?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Secondary+mineralization+pathways+induced+by+dissimilatory+iron+reduction+of+ferrihydrite+under+advective+flow&rft.au=Hansel%2C+Colleen+M%3BBenner%2C+Shawn+G%3BNeiss%2C+Jim%3BDohnalkova%2C+Alice%3BKukkadapu%2C+Ravi+K%3BFendorf%2C+Scott&rft.aulast=Hansel&rft.aufirst=Colleen&rft.date=2003-08-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=16&rft.spage=2977&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2803%2900276-X L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 51 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - advection; bacteria; biogenic processes; EXAFS data; experimental studies; ferrihydrite; geochemical cycle; geochemistry; hydroxides; instruments; iron; iron hydroxides; laboratory studies; metabolism; metals; microorganisms; mineralization; Mossbauer spectra; oxides; secondary minerals; SEM data; Shewanella; Shewanella putrefaciens; spectra; TEM data; theoretical models; X-ray spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(03)00276-X ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Broad distribution of crystal-field environments for Nd (super 3+) in calcite AN - 50271372; 2007-043345 JF - Physics and Chemistry of Minerals AU - Withers, S H AU - Peale, R E AU - Schulte, A F AU - Braunstein, G AU - Beck, K M AU - Hess, W P AU - Reeder, R J Y1 - 2003/08// PY - 2003 DA - August 2003 SP - 440 EP - 448 PB - Springer-Verlag, Berlin - New York VL - 30 IS - 7 SN - 0342-1791, 0342-1791 KW - near-infrared spectra KW - mid-infrared spectra KW - lattice KW - energy dispersive methods KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - optical spectra KW - substitution KW - crystal structure KW - crystal growth KW - curium KW - remediation KW - radioactive waste KW - infrared spectra KW - distortion KW - X-ray fluorescence spectra KW - etching KW - spectra KW - rare earths KW - europium KW - geochemistry KW - synthetic materials KW - impurities KW - powder method KW - defects KW - X-ray spectra KW - EDS spectra KW - calcite KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - americium KW - EXAFS data KW - waste disposal KW - neodymium KW - crystal chemistry KW - carbonates KW - actinides KW - backscattering KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50271372?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+Minerals&rft.atitle=Broad+distribution+of+crystal-field+environments+for+Nd+%28super+3%2B%29+in+calcite&rft.au=Withers%2C+S+H%3BPeale%2C+R+E%3BSchulte%2C+A+F%3BBraunstein%2C+G%3BBeck%2C+K+M%3BHess%2C+W+P%3BReeder%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Withers&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2003-08-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=440&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+Minerals&rft.issn=03421791&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00269-003-0331-5 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/100449/?p=e597e977f1914094b3810f7e67f0a453&pi=0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 34 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - PCMIDU N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; americium; backscattering; calcite; carbonates; crystal chemistry; crystal growth; crystal structure; curium; defects; distortion; EDS spectra; energy dispersive methods; etching; europium; EXAFS data; geochemistry; impurities; infrared spectra; lattice; metals; mid-infrared spectra; near-infrared spectra; neodymium; optical spectra; powder method; precipitation; radioactive waste; rare earths; remediation; spectra; substitution; synthetic materials; waste disposal; X-ray diffraction data; X-ray fluorescence spectra; X-ray spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00269-003-0331-5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Novel antibiotics as inhibitors for the selective respiratory inhibition method of measuring fungal:bacterial ratios in soil AN - 19259114; 5832914 AB - The use of the selective inhibition (SI) method for measuring fungal:bacterial ratios may be limited due to biocide selectivity and the overlap of antibiotic activity. This study evaluated novel pairs of antibiotics for their specificity in soils of different origins and their potential reduction in inhibition of non-target organisms. Four soils selected for this study were from a semi-arid shrub-steppe, a loblolly pine forest and two grassland sites (restored and farmed prairie plots). Three bactericides were tested: oxytetracycline hydrochloride, streptomycin sulphate, and bronopol. Three fungicides were tested: captan, ketoconazole, and nystatin. The inhibitor additivity ratio and fungal:bacterial ratios were calculated from control and treated soils where inhibition was measured as CO sub(2) respiration reduction with biocides. We were able to minimize non-target inhibition by the antibiotics to <5% and thus calculate reliable fungal:bacterial ratios using captan to inhibit fungi in all four soils, and bronopol to inhibit bacteria in three of the four soils. The most successful bactericide in the restored prairie was oxytetracycline-HCl. Our results demonstrate that application of novel antibiotics is not uniformly successful in soils of different origin and that the SI technique requires more than just optimization of antibiotic concentration; it also requires optimization of antibiotic selection. JF - Biology and Fertility of Soils AU - Bailey, V L AU - Smith, J L AU - Bolton, H Jr AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MSIN P7-50, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, WA 99352, USA Y1 - 2003/08// PY - 2003 DA - Aug 2003 SP - 154 EP - 160 VL - 38 IS - 3 SN - 0178-2762, 0178-2762 KW - bronopol KW - oxytetracycline hydrochloride KW - streptomycin sulphate KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Measurement KW - Ratios KW - Forests KW - Nystatin KW - Antibiotics KW - Ketoconazole KW - Concentration KW - Methodology KW - Soil KW - Prairies KW - Fungicides KW - Bactericides KW - Captan KW - K 03095:Soil KW - J 02901:Soil and plants KW - A 01055:Other soil treatments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19259114?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biology+and+Fertility+of+Soils&rft.atitle=Novel+antibiotics+as+inhibitors+for+the+selective+respiratory+inhibition+method+of+measuring+fungal%3Abacterial+ratios+in+soil&rft.au=Bailey%2C+V+L%3BSmith%2C+J+L%3BBolton%2C+H+Jr&rft.aulast=Bailey&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2003-08-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=154&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biology+and+Fertility+of+Soils&rft.issn=01782762&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00374-003-0620-7 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Measurement; Ratios; Forests; Antibiotics; Nystatin; Ketoconazole; Concentration; Methodology; Soil; Prairies; Bactericides; Fungicides; Captan DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00374-003-0620-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Large-scale purification of 90Sr from nuclear waste materials for production of 90Y, a therapeutic medical radioisotope. AN - 73507301; 12878120 AB - A major limitation on the supply of the short-lived medical isotope 90Y (t1/2 = 64 h) is the available quantity of highly purified 90Sr generator material. A radiochemical production campaign was therefore undertaken to purify 1,500 Ci of 90Sr that had been isolated from fission waste materials. A series of alkaline precipitation steps removed all detectable traces of 137Cs, alpha emitters, and uranium and transuranic elements. Technical obstacles such as the buildup of gas pressure generated upon mixing large quantities of acid with solid 90Sr carbonate were overcome through safety features incorporated into the custom-built equipment used for 90Sr purification. Methods are described for analyzing the chemical and radiochemical purity of the final product and for accurately determining by gravimetry the quantities of 90Sr immobilized on stainless steel filters for future use. JF - Applied radiation and isotopes : including data, instrumentation and methods for use in agriculture, industry and medicine AU - Wester, Dennis W AU - Steele, Richard T AU - Rinehart, Donald E AU - DesChane, Jaquetta R AU - Carson, Katharine J AU - Rapko, Brian M AU - Tenforde, Thomas S AD - Radiochemical Science and Engineering Group, Environmental Technology Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA. Y1 - 2003/07// PY - 2003 DA - July 2003 SP - 35 EP - 41 VL - 59 IS - 1 SN - 0969-8043, 0969-8043 KW - Cesium Radioisotopes KW - 0 KW - Radioactive Waste KW - Radiopharmaceuticals KW - Strontium Radioisotopes KW - Yttrium Radioisotopes KW - Index Medicus KW - Chemical Precipitation KW - Cesium Radioisotopes -- isolation & purification KW - Strontium Radioisotopes -- chemistry KW - Radiopharmaceuticals -- therapeutic use KW - Yttrium Radioisotopes -- therapeutic use KW - Yttrium Radioisotopes -- chemistry KW - Radiopharmaceuticals -- chemical synthesis KW - Radioactive Waste -- analysis KW - Radiopharmaceuticals -- chemistry KW - Strontium Radioisotopes -- isolation & purification UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73507301?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+radiation+and+isotopes+%3A+including+data%2C+instrumentation+and+methods+for+use+in+agriculture%2C+industry+and+medicine&rft.atitle=Large-scale+purification+of+90Sr+from+nuclear+waste+materials+for+production+of+90Y%2C+a+therapeutic+medical+radioisotope.&rft.au=Wester%2C+Dennis+W%3BSteele%2C+Richard+T%3BRinehart%2C+Donald+E%3BDesChane%2C+Jaquetta+R%3BCarson%2C+Katharine+J%3BRapko%2C+Brian+M%3BTenforde%2C+Thomas+S&rft.aulast=Wester&rft.aufirst=Dennis&rft.date=2003-07-01&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=35&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+radiation+and+isotopes+%3A+including+data%2C+instrumentation+and+methods+for+use+in+agriculture%2C+industry+and+medicine&rft.issn=09698043&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-10-23 N1 - Date created - 2003-07-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Recognizing the limits of environmental science and technology. AN - 73481819; 12875384 JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Huesemann, Michael H Y1 - 2003/07/01/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Jul 01 SP - 259A EP - 261A VL - 37 IS - 13 KW - Index Medicus KW - Environment KW - Policy Making KW - Science -- trends KW - Environmental Pollution -- prevention & control KW - Technology -- trends KW - Conservation of Natural Resources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73481819?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Recognizing+the+limits+of+environmental+science+and+technology.&rft.au=Huesemann%2C+Michael+H&rft.aulast=Huesemann&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2003-07-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=259A&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-10-28 N1 - Date created - 2003-07-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: Environ Sci Technol. 2003 Aug 1;37(15):270A [12966949] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity of Al to Desulfovibrio desulfuricans. AN - 73424712; 12839782 AB - The toxicity of Al to Desulfovibrio desulfuricans G20 was assessed over a period of 8 weeks in a modified lactate C medium buffered at four initial pHs (5.0, 6.5, 7.2, and 8.3) and treated with five levels of added Al (0, 0.01, 0.1, 1.0, and 10 mM). At pH 5, cell population densities decreased significantly and any effect of Al was negligible compared to that of the pH. At pHs 6.5 and 7.2, the cell population densities increased by 30-fold during the first few days and then remained stable for soluble-Al concentrations of <5 x 10(-5) M. In treatments having total-Al concentrations of > or =1 mM, soluble-Al concentrations exceeded 5 x 10(-5) M and limited cell population growth substantially and proportionally. At pH 8.3, soluble-Al concentrations were below the 5 x 10(-5) M toxicity threshold and cell population density increases of 20- to 40-fold were observed. An apparent cell population response to added Al at pH 8.3 was attributed to the presence of large, spirilloidal bacteria (accounting for as much as 80% of the cells at the 10 mM added Al level). Calculations of soluble-Al speciation for the pH 6.5 and 7.2 treatments that showed Al toxicity suggested the possible presence of the Al(13)O(4)(OH)(24)(H(2)O)(12)(7+) "tridecamer" cation and an inverse correlation of the tridecamer concentration and the cell population density. Analysis by (27)Al nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, however, yielded no evidence of this species in freshly prepared samples or those taken 800 days after inoculation. Exclusion of the tridecamer species from the aqueous speciation calculations at pHs 6.5 and 7.2 yielded inverse correlations of the neutral Al(OH)(3) and anionic Al(OH)(4)(-) monomeric species with cell population density, suggesting that one or both of these ions bear primary responsibility for the toxicity observed. JF - Applied and environmental microbiology AU - Amonette, J E AU - Russell, C K AU - Carosino, K A AU - Robinson, N L AU - Ho, J T AD - Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA. jim.amonette@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003/07// PY - 2003 DA - July 2003 SP - 4057 EP - 4066 VL - 69 IS - 7 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Solutions KW - 0 KW - Aluminum KW - CPD4NFA903 KW - Index Medicus KW - Solubility KW - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration KW - Colony Count, Microbial KW - Solutions -- chemistry KW - Desulfovibrio -- ultrastructure KW - Aluminum -- pharmacology KW - Desulfovibrio -- growth & development KW - Aluminum -- chemistry KW - Aluminum -- toxicity KW - Desulfovibrio -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73424712?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+environmental+microbiology&rft.atitle=Toxicity+of+Al+to+Desulfovibrio+desulfuricans.&rft.au=Amonette%2C+J+E%3BRussell%2C+C+K%3BCarosino%2C+K+A%3BRobinson%2C+N+L%3BHo%2C+J+T&rft.aulast=Amonette&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-07-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=4057&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+environmental+microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-10-30 N1 - Date created - 2003-07-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Appl Environ Microbiol. 2000 Sep;66(9):3674-9 [10966375] J Inorg Biochem. 2001 Nov;87(1-2):1-8 [11709206] Microb Ecol. 2004 Jan;47(1):80-6 [15259272] Biochemistry. 1966 Feb;5(2):467-77 [5942950] Bacteriol Rev. 1977 Mar;41(1):100-80 [860983] Biochim Biophys Acta. 1985 Jul 31;835(3):441-7 [2861853] FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2000 Aug 15;189(2):143-7 [10930728] Clin Chem. 1986 Oct;32(10):1797-806 [3019589] J Theor Biol. 1992 Nov 7;159(1):83-98 [1291812] J Biol Chem. 1998 Jan 16;273(3):1727-32 [9430719] J Inorg Biochem. 1999 Aug 30;76(2):81-8 [10612060] J Inorg Biochem. 1999 Aug 30;76(2):99-104 [10612061] J Inorg Biochem. 1999 Aug 30;76(2):127-32 [10612065] Environ Health Perspect. 1985 Nov;63:115-9 [4076077] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Solution structure of Vibrio cholerae protein VC0424: A variation of the ferredoxin-like fold AN - 18855263; 5689223 AB - The structure of Vibrio cholerae protein VC0424 was determined by NMR spectroscopy. VC0424 belongs to a conserved family of bacterial proteins of unknown function (COG 3076). The structure has an alpha - beta sandwich architecture consisting of two layers: a four-stranded antiparallel beta -sheet and three side-by-side beta -helices. The secondary structure elements have the order alpha beta alpha beta beta alpha beta along the sequence. This fold is the same as the ferredoxin-like fold, except with an additional long N-terminal helix, making it a variation on this common motif. A cluster of conserved surface residues on the beta -sheet side of the protein forms a pocket that may be important for the biological function of this conserved family of proteins. JF - Protein Science AU - Ramelot, T A AU - Ni, Shuisong AU - Goldsmith-Fischman, S AU - Cort, J R AU - Honig, B AU - Kennedy, MA AD - Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory 2569 K8-98, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 3335 Q Avenue, Richland, WA 99352, USA, ma_kennedy@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003/07// PY - 2003 DA - Jul 2003 SP - 1556 EP - 1561 VL - 12 IS - 7 SN - 0961-8368, 0961-8368 KW - VC0424 protein KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - J 02727:Amino acids, peptides and proteins UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18855263?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Protein+Science&rft.atitle=Solution+structure+of+Vibrio+cholerae+protein+VC0424%3A+A+variation+of+the+ferredoxin-like+fold&rft.au=Ramelot%2C+T+A%3BNi%2C+Shuisong%3BGoldsmith-Fischman%2C+S%3BCort%2C+J+R%3BHonig%2C+B%3BKennedy%2C+MA&rft.aulast=Ramelot&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2003-07-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1556&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Protein+Science&rft.issn=09618368&rft_id=info:doi/10.1110%2Fps.03108103 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1110/ps.03108103 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A reciprocal transplant experiment within a climatic gradient in a semiarid shrub-steppe ecosystem: effects on bunchgrass growth and reproduction, soil carbon, and soil nitrogen AN - 17851450; 5662988 AB - We investigated the effect of climate change on Poa secunda Presl. and soils in a shrub-steppe ecosystem in south-eastern Washington. Intact soil cores containing P. secunda were reciprocally transplanted between two elevations. Plants and soils were examined, respectively, 4.5 and 5 years later. The lower elevation (310 m) site is warmer (28.5 degree C air average monthly maximum) and drier (224 mm yr super(-1)) than the upper elevation (844 m) site (23.5 degree C air average monthly maximum, 272 mm yr super(-1)). Observations were also made on undisturbed plants at both sites. There was no effect of climate change on plant density, shoot biomass, or carbon isotope discrimination in either transplanted plant population. The cooler, wetter environment significantly reduced percent cover and leaf length, while the warmer, drier environment had no effect. Warming and drying reduced percent shoot nitrogen, while the cooler, wetter environment had no effect. Culm density was zero for the lower elevation plants transplanted to the upper site and was 10.3 culms m super(-2) at the lower site. There was no effect of warming and drying on the culm density of the upper elevation plants. Culm density of in situ lower elevation plants was greater than that of the in situ upper elevation plants. Warming and drying reduced total soil carbon 32% and total soil nitrogen 40%. The cooler, wetter environment had no effect on total soil C or N. Of the C and N that was lost over time, 64% of both came from the particulate organic matter fraction (POM, > 53 mu m). There was no effect of warming and drying on the upper population of P. secunda while exposing the lower population to the cooler, wetter environment reduced reproductive effort and percent cover. With the warmer and drier conditions that may develop with climate change, total C and N of semiarid soils may decrease with the active fraction of soil C also rapidly decreasing, which may alter ecosystem diversity and function. JF - Global Change Biology AU - Link, SO AU - Smith, J L AU - Halvorson, J J AU - Bolton, H AD - School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University Tri-Cities, 2710 University Drive, Richland, WA 99352, USA, United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA, USDA-ARS, Appalachian Farming Systems Research Center, 1224 Airport Road, Beaver, WV 25813-9423, USA, Biogeochemistry, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA, slink@tricity.wsu.edu Y1 - 2003/07// PY - 2003 DA - Jul 2003 SP - 1097 EP - 1105 PB - Blackwell Science Ltd VL - 9 IS - 7 SN - 1354-1013, 1354-1013 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - USA, Washington KW - Ecosystems KW - Semiarid zone vegetation KW - Climatic change influences on ecosystems KW - Semiarid environments KW - Carbon isotopes KW - Climate change KW - Climatic changes KW - Gradients KW - Steppes KW - Poa secunda KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - M2 551.585:Climate Classification (551.585) KW - M2 551.586:Biometeorology and Bioclimatology (551.586) KW - D 04636:Grasses UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17851450?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+Change+Biology&rft.atitle=A+reciprocal+transplant+experiment+within+a+climatic+gradient+in+a+semiarid+shrub-steppe+ecosystem%3A+effects+on+bunchgrass+growth+and+reproduction%2C+soil+carbon%2C+and+soil+nitrogen&rft.au=Link%2C+SO%3BSmith%2C+J+L%3BHalvorson%2C+J+J%3BBolton%2C+H&rft.aulast=Link&rft.aufirst=SO&rft.date=2003-07-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1097&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+Change+Biology&rft.issn=13541013&rft_id=info:doi/10.1046%2Fj.1365-2486.2003.00647.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Poa secunda; USA, Washington; Semiarid environments; Gradients; Steppes; Climatic changes; Climate change; Ecosystems; Carbon isotopes; Climatic change influences on ecosystems; Semiarid zone vegetation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00647.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ozone production efficiency and NO sub(x) depletion in an urban plume: Interpretation of field observations and implications for evaluating O sub(3)- NO sub(x)-VOC sensitivity AN - 16151192; 5680670 AB - Ozone production efficiency (OPE) can be defined as the number of ozone (O sub(3)) molecules photochemically produced by a molecule of NO sub(x) (NO + NO sub(2)) before it is lost from the NO sub(x)-O sub(3) cycle. Here we consider observational and modeling techniques to evaluate various operational definitions of OPEs using aircraft and surface measurements taken as part of the 1999 Southern Oxidant Study field campaign in Nashville, Tennessee. A key tool in our analysis is a Lagrangian box model, which is used to quantitatively describe the effects of emissions, dilution, dry deposition, and photochemistry in an urban air parcel as it was advected downwind. After evaluating the model using the observed downwind concentrations of several key species, we show that the modeled NO sub(x) oxidation and O sub(3) production rates as well as the associated instantaneous and cumulative OPEs depend on the time of day and the photochemical age of the air parcel. The observation-based OPEs are found to be consistent with the modeled values with the expected biases. A model sensitivity study suggests that downwind O sub(3) concentrations in the Nashville plume are more sensitive to NO sub(x) emissions than anthropogenic VOC emissions. Because the OPE exhibits a nonlinear dependence on emissions and meteorological effects, it would be difficult to rely only on observations to map out the nonlinear response of O sub(3) to a wide span of NO sub(x) and VOC emission changes. Properly constrained and well-evaluated models using a variety of observations are therefore necessary to reliably predict O sub(3)-NO sub(x)-VOC sensitivity for designing effective O sub(3) control strategies. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research. D. Atmospheres AU - Zaveri, R A AU - Berkowitz, C M AU - Kleinman, LI AU - Springston AU - Doskey, P V AU - Lonneman, WA AU - Spicer, C W AD - Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA Y1 - 2003/07// PY - 2003 DA - Jul 2003 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 USA, [mailto:service@agu.org], [URL:http://www.agu.org] VL - 108 IS - D14 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Citation No. 4436 KW - air pollution, Lagrangian modeling, aircraft measurements. KW - 0317 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Chemical kinetic and photochemical properties KW - 0345 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Pollution- urban and regional (0305) KW - 0368 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Troposphere-constituent transport and chemistry KW - 3329 Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics: Mesoscale meteorology KW - 3367 Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics: Theoretical modeling. KW - Photochemistry KW - Mathematical models KW - Photochemical ozone production KW - Pollution dispersion KW - Nitrogen oxides in urban air KW - Urban air quality KW - Ozone production KW - Emission measurements KW - Meteorology KW - Dry deposition KW - Plumes KW - Volatile organic compounds KW - Wind KW - USA, Tennessee, Nashville KW - Urban areas KW - M2 551.510.43:Photochemical Processes (551.510.43) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M2 551.501.71:Methods of observation and computation of composition and density including twilight spectrum searchlight methods (551.501.71) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16151192?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+D.+Atmospheres&rft.atitle=Ozone+production+efficiency+and+NO+sub%28x%29+depletion+in+an+urban+plume%3A+Interpretation+of+field+observations+and+implications+for+evaluating+O+sub%283%29-+NO+sub%28x%29-VOC+sensitivity&rft.au=Zaveri%2C+R+A%3BBerkowitz%2C+C+M%3BKleinman%2C+LI%3BSpringston%3BDoskey%2C+P+V%3BLonneman%2C+WA%3BSpicer%2C+C+W&rft.aulast=Zaveri&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2003-07-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=D14&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+D.+Atmospheres&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2002JD003144 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-10-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication date refers to online version. N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ozone production; Photochemical ozone production; Nitrogen oxides in urban air; Urban air quality; Photochemistry; Mathematical models; Pollution dispersion; Emission measurements; Meteorology; Dry deposition; Plumes; Wind; Volatile organic compounds; Urban areas; USA, Tennessee, Nashville DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2002JD003144 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of temperature on Cs+ sorption and desorption in subsurface sediments at the Hanford Site, U.S.A. AN - 73462348; 12854700 AB - The effects of temperature on Cs+ sorption and desorption were investigated in subsurface sediments from the U.S. Department of Energy Hanford Site. The site has been contaminated at several locations by the accidental leakage of high-level nuclear waste (HLW) containing 137Cs+. The high temperature of the self-boiling, leaked HLW fluid and the continuous decay of various radionuclides carried by the waste supernatant have resulted in elevated vadose temperatures (currently up to 72 degrees C) below the Hanford S-SX tank farm that have dissipated slowly from the time of leakage (1970). The effect of temperature on Cs+ sorption was evaluated through batch binary Cs(+)-Na+ exchange experiments on pristine sediments, while Cs+ desorption was studied in column experiments using 137Cs(+)-contaminated sediments. Cs+ adsorption generally decreased with increasing temperature, with a more apparent decrease at low aqueous Cs+ concentration (10(-10)-10(-6) mol/L). Cs+ desorption from the contaminated sediments increased with increasing temperature. The results indicated that the free energy of Na(+)-Cs+ exchange on the Hanford sediment had a significant enthalpy component that was estimated to be -17.87 (+/- 2.01) and -4.82 (+/- 0.44) kJ/mol (at 298 degrees C) for the high- and low-affinity exchange sites, respectively. Both Cs+ adsorption and desorption at elevated temperature could be well simulated by a two-site ion exchange model, with the conditional exchange constants corrected by the exchange enthalpy effect. The effect of temperature on Cs+ desorption kinetics was also evaluated using a stop-flow technique. The kinetics of desorption of the exchangeable pool (which was less than the total adsorbed concentration) were found to be rapid under the conditions studied. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Liu, Chongxuan AU - Zachara, John M AU - Qafoku, Odeta AU - Smith, Steve C AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA. chongxuan.liu@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003/06/15/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Jun 15 SP - 2640 EP - 2645 VL - 37 IS - 12 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Cesium Radioisotopes KW - 0 KW - Radioactive Waste KW - Soil Pollutants, Radioactive KW - Water Pollutants, Radioactive KW - Cesium KW - 1KSV9V4Y4I KW - Index Medicus KW - Hot Temperature KW - Washington KW - Water Pollutants, Radioactive -- analysis KW - Adsorption KW - Soil Pollutants, Radioactive -- analysis KW - Cesium Radioisotopes -- analysis KW - Geologic Sediments -- chemistry KW - Cesium -- analysis KW - Geologic Sediments -- analysis KW - Radioactive Waste -- analysis KW - Temperature UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73462348?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Effect+of+temperature+on+Cs%2B+sorption+and+desorption+in+subsurface+sediments+at+the+Hanford+Site%2C+U.S.A.&rft.au=Liu%2C+Chongxuan%3BZachara%2C+John+M%3BQafoku%2C+Odeta%3BSmith%2C+Steve+C&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Chongxuan&rft.date=2003-06-15&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=2640&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-10-23 N1 - Date created - 2003-07-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Heterogeneous electron-transfer kinetics with synchrotron (super 57) Fe Moessbauer spectroscopy AN - 51970641; 2003-050958 AB - In the first known kinetic application of the technique, synchrotron (super 57) Fe-Mossbauer spectroscopy was used to follow the rate of heterogeneous electron transfer between aqueous reagents and a solid phase containing Fe. The solid, a synthetic (super 57) Fe-enriched Fe(III)-bearing pyroaurite-like phase having terephthalate (TA) in the interlayer [Mg (sub 3) Fe(OH) (sub 8) (TA) (sub 0.5) .2H (sub 2) O], was reduced by Na (sub 2) S (sub 2) O (sub 4) and then reoxidized by K (sub 2) Cr (sub 2) O (sub 7) by means of a novel flow-through cell. Synchrotron Mossbauer spectra were collected in the time domain at 30-s intervals. Integration of the intensity obtained during a selected time interval in the spectra allowed sensitive determination of Fe(II) content as a function of reaction time. Analysis of reaction end member specimens by both the synchrotron technique and conventional Mossbauer spectroscopy yielded comparable values for Mossbauer parameters such as center shift and Fe(II)/Fe(III) area ratios. Slight differences in quadrupole splitting values were observed, however. A reactive diffusion model was developed that fit the experimental Fe(II) kinetic data well and allowed the extraction of second-order rate constants for each reaction. Thus, in addition to rapidly collecting high quality Mossbauer data, the synchrotron technique seems well suited for aqueous rate experiments as a result of the penetrating power of 14.4 keV X-rays and high sensitivity to Fe valence state. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Amonette, J E AU - Kukkadapu, R K AU - Alp, E E AU - Sturhahn, W AU - Toellner, T S Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - June 2003 SP - 2109 EP - 2116 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 67 IS - 12 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - pyroaurite KW - isotopes KW - data processing KW - stable isotopes KW - iron KW - synchrotron radiation KW - laboratory studies KW - chemical reactions KW - Fourier analysis KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - heterogeneity KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - Mossbauer spectra KW - electrons KW - experimental studies KW - diffusion KW - iron minerals KW - Fe-57 KW - oxidation KW - mineral-water interface KW - metals KW - carbonates KW - 01A:General mineralogy KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51970641?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Heterogeneous+electron-transfer+kinetics+with+synchrotron+%28super+57%29+Fe+Moessbauer+spectroscopy&rft.au=Amonette%2C+J+E%3BKukkadapu%2C+R+K%3BAlp%2C+E+E%3BSturhahn%2C+W%3BToellner%2C+T+S&rft.aulast=Amonette&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=2109&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2802%2901346-7 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbonates; chemical reactions; data processing; diffusion; electrons; experimental studies; Fe-57; Fourier analysis; geochemistry; heterogeneity; iron; iron minerals; isotopes; kinetics; laboratory studies; metals; mineral-water interface; Mossbauer spectra; oxidation; oxides; pyroaurite; spectra; stable isotopes; synchrotron radiation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(02)01346-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Atmospheric observations of enhanced NO (sub 2) -HONO conversion on mineral dust particles AN - 51894393; 2004-010873 JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Wang, Shuhui AU - Ackermann, Ralf AU - Spicer, Chester W AU - Fast, Jerome D AU - Schmeling, Martina AU - Stutz, Jochen Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - June 2003 SP - 4 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 30 IS - 11 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - United States KW - dust storms KW - experimental studies KW - nitric acid KW - clastic sediments KW - pollutants KW - photochemistry KW - pollution KW - atmosphere KW - troposphere KW - Maricopa County Arizona KW - chemical reactions KW - photolysis KW - dust KW - Arizona KW - sediments KW - aerosols KW - seasonal variations KW - Phoenix Arizona KW - inorganic acids KW - chemical ratios KW - nitrogen dioxide KW - minerals KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51894393?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Atmospheric+observations+of+enhanced+NO+%28sub+2%29+-HONO+conversion+on+mineral+dust+particles&rft.au=Wang%2C+Shuhui%3BAckermann%2C+Ralf%3BSpicer%2C+Chester+W%3BFast%2C+Jerome+D%3BSchmeling%2C+Martina%3BStutz%2C+Jochen&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Shuhui&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2003GL017014 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/gl/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GPRLAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerosols; Arizona; atmosphere; chemical ratios; chemical reactions; clastic sediments; dust; dust storms; experimental studies; inorganic acids; Maricopa County Arizona; minerals; nitric acid; nitrogen dioxide; Phoenix Arizona; photochemistry; photolysis; pollutants; pollution; seasonal variations; sediments; troposphere; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003GL017014 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Flow behavior and residual saturation formation of liquid carbon tetrachloride in unsaturated heterogeneous porous media AN - 19919174; 5622321 AB - The formation of residual, discontinuous nonaqueous phase liquids (NAPLs) in the vadose zone is a process that is not well understood. To obtain data that can be used to study the development of a residual NAPL saturation in the vadose zone and to test current corresponding models, detailed transient experiments were conducted in intermediate-scale columns and flow cell. The column experiments were conducted to determine residual carbon tetrachloride (CCl sub(4)) saturations of two sands and to evaluate the effect of CCl sub(4) vapors on the water distribution. In the intermediate-scale flow cell experiment, a rectangular zone of the fine-grained sand was packed in an otherwise medium- grained matrix. A limited amount of CCl sub(4) was injected from a small source and allowed to redistribute until a pseudo steady state situation had developed. A dual-energy gamma radiation system was used to determine fluid saturations at numerous locations. The experiments clearly demonstrated the formation of residual CCl sub(4) saturations in both sands. Simulations with an established multifluid flow simulator show the shortcomings of current relative permeability-saturation-capillary pressure (k-S-P) models. The results indicate that nonspreading behavior of NAPLs should be implemented in simulators to account for the formation of residual saturations. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Oostrom, M AU - Hofstee, C AU - Lenhard, R J AU - Wietsma, T W AD - Environmental Technology Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MS K9-33, Richland, WA 99352, USA, mart.oostrom@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - Jun 2003 SP - 93 EP - 112 VL - 64 IS - 1-2 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Carbon tetrachloride KW - Leverett concept KW - Spreading coefficient KW - DNAPL KW - Intermediate-scale experiment KW - Aeration Zone KW - Fluid flow in porous media KW - Path of Pollutants KW - Groundwater Pollution KW - Model Testing KW - Vapors KW - Sand KW - Nonaqueous Phase Liquids KW - Distribution (Mathematical) KW - Distribution KW - Nonaqueous phase liquids KW - Hydrology KW - Hydrologic models KW - Experimental Data KW - Fate of Pollutants KW - Vadose waters KW - Simulation KW - Gamma radiation KW - Flow in porous media KW - Saturation KW - Modelling (Pollution) KW - Model Studies KW - Pollution (Groundwater) KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - Behavior KW - Aeration (see also Oxygenation, Re-oxygenation) KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality KW - M2 556.3:Groundwater Hydrology (556.3) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19919174?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Flow+behavior+and+residual+saturation+formation+of+liquid+carbon+tetrachloride+in+unsaturated+heterogeneous+porous+media&rft.au=Oostrom%2C+M%3BHofstee%2C+C%3BLenhard%2C+R+J%3BWietsma%2C+T+W&rft.aulast=Oostrom&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=93&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0169-7722%2802%2900107-9 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fluid flow in porous media; Vadose waters; Flow in porous media; Hydrologic models; nonaqueous phase liquids; Vapors; Behavior; Sand; Nonaqueous phase liquids; Simulation; Hydrology; Gamma radiation; Pollution (Groundwater); Distribution (Mathematical); Aeration (see also Oxygenation, Re-oxygenation); Saturation; Modelling (Pollution); Experimental Data; Aeration Zone; Path of Pollutants; Fate of Pollutants; Nonaqueous Phase Liquids; Distribution; Groundwater Pollution; Model Testing; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00107-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydroclimate of the Western United States Based on Observations and Regional Climate Simulation of 1981-2000. Part II: Mesoscale ENSO Anomalies AN - 18909450; 5660781 AB - The hydroclimate of the western United States is influenced by strong interannual variability of atmospheric circulation, much of which is associated with the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Precipitation anomalies during ENSO often show opposite and spatially coherent dry and wet patterns in the Northwest and California or vice versa. The role of orography in establishing mesoscale ENSO anomalies in the western United States is examined based on observed precipitation and temperature data at 1/8 degree spatial resolution and a regional climate simulation at 40-km spatial resolution. Results show that during El Nino or La Nina winters, strong precipitation anomalies are found in northern California, along the southern California coast, and in the northwest mountains such as the Olympic Mountains, the Cascades, and the northern Rockies. These spatial features, which are strongly affected by topography, are surprisingly well reproduced by the regional climate simulation. double prime spatial feature investigated further is the positive-negative-positive precipitation anomaly found during El Nino years in the Olympic Mountains, and on the west side and east side of the Cascades in both observations and regional simulation. Observed streamflows of river basins located in those areas are found to be consistent with the precipitation anomalies. The spatial distribution of the precipitation anomalies is investigated by relating flow direction and moisture to the orientation of mountains and orographic precipitation. On the west side of the north-south-oriented Cascade Range, the increase in atmospheric moisture is not enough to compensate for the loss of orographic precipitation associated with a change in flow direction toward the southwest during El Nino years. In California, both the increase in atmospheric moisture and shift in wind direction toward the southwest enhance precipitation along the Sierra, which is oriented northwest to southeast. The spatial signature of the interactions between large-scale circulation and topography may provide useful information for seasonal predictions or climate change detection. JF - Journal of Climate AU - Leung, L R AU - Qian, Y AU - Bian, X AU - Hunt, A AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd., P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA, rubyleung@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - Jun 2003 SP - 1912 EP - 1928 PB - American Meteorological Society VL - 16 IS - 12 SN - 0894-8755, 0894-8755 KW - orography KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Q2 02241:General KW - Q1 01422:Environmental effects KW - SW 0810:General KW - M2 551.579:Hydrometeorology (551.579) KW - M2 551.581.1:Theoretical climatology. Climatic models. Solar climate (551.581.1) KW - Q5 01521:Mechanical and natural changes KW - M2 551.577:General Precipitation (551.577) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18909450?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Climate&rft.atitle=Hydroclimate+of+the+Western+United+States+Based+on+Observations+and+Regional+Climate+Simulation+of+1981-2000.+Part+II%3A+Mesoscale+ENSO+Anomalies&rft.au=Leung%2C+L+R%3BQian%2C+Y%3BBian%2C+X%3BHunt%2C+A&rft.aulast=Leung&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1912&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Climate&rft.issn=08948755&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F1520-0442%282003%29016%281912%3AHOTWUS%292.0.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(2003)016(1912:HOTWUS)2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydroclimate of the Western United States Based on Observations and Regional Climate Simulation of 1981-2000. Part I: Seasonal Statistics AN - 18897586; 5660780 AB - The regional climate of the western United States shows clear footprints of interaction between atmospheric circulation and orography. The unique features of this diverse climate regime challenges climate modeling. This paper provides detailed analyses of observations and regional climate simulations to improve our understanding and modeling of the climate of this region. The primary data used in this study are the 1/8 degree gridded temperature and precipitation based on station observations and the NCEP-NCAR global reanalyses. These data were used to evaluate a 20-yr regional climate simulation performed using the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University-National Center for Atmospheric Research (Penn State-NCAR) Mesoscale Model (MM5) driven by large-scale conditions of the NCEP-NCAR reanalyses. Regional climate features examined include seasonal mean and extreme precipitation; distribution of precipitation rates; and precipitation intensity, frequency, and seasonality. The relationships between precipitation and surface temperature are also analyzed as a means to evaluate how well regional climate simulations can be used to simulate surface hydrology, and relationships between precipitation and elevation are analyzed as diagnostics of the impacts of surface topography and spatial resolution. The latter was performed at five east-west transects that cut across various topographic features in the western United States. These analyses suggest that the regional simulation realistically captures many regional climate features. The simulated seasonal mean and extreme precipitation are comparable to observations. The regional simulation produces precipitation over a wide range of precipitation rates comparable to observations. Obvious biases in the simulation include the oversimulation of precipitation in the basins and intermountain West during the cold season, and the undersimulation in the Southwest in the warm season. There is a tendency of reduced precipitation frequency rather than intensity in the simulation during the summer in the Northwest and Southwest, which leads to the insufficient summer mean precipitation in those areas. Because of the general warm biases in the simulation, there is also a tendency for more precipitation events to be associated with warmer temperatures, which can affect the simulation of snowpack and runoff. JF - Journal of Climate AU - Leung, L R AU - Qian, Y AU - Bian, X AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd., P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA, rubyleung@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - Jun 2003 SP - 1892 EP - 1911 PB - American Meteorological Society VL - 16 IS - 12 SN - 0894-8755, 0894-8755 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - SW 0810:General KW - M2 551.579:Hydrometeorology (551.579) KW - M2 551.581.1:Theoretical climatology. Climatic models. Solar climate (551.581.1) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18897586?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Climate&rft.atitle=Hydroclimate+of+the+Western+United+States+Based+on+Observations+and+Regional+Climate+Simulation+of+1981-2000.+Part+I%3A+Seasonal+Statistics&rft.au=Leung%2C+L+R%3BQian%2C+Y%3BBian%2C+X&rft.aulast=Leung&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1892&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Climate&rft.issn=08948755&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F1520-0442%282003%29016%281892%3AHOTWUS%292.0.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(2003)016(1892:HOTWUS)2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Integrated assessment of Hadley Center (HadCM2) climate-change impacts on agricultural productivity and irrigation water supply in the conterminous United States Part II. Regional agricultural production in 2030 and 2095 AN - 16159955; 5686924 AB - A national assessment (NA) evaluated the potential consequences of climate change and variability on the agriculture, water resources, as well as other economic and natural resource sectors in the United States. As part of this process, we used scenarios of the HadCM2 GCM and the EPIC agroecosystem model to evaluate climate-change impacts on crop yields and ecosystem processes. Baseline climate data were obtained from national records for 1961-1990. The scenario runs for 2025-2034 and 2090-2099 were extracted from a HadCM2 run. EPIC was run on 204 representative farms under current climate and two 10-year periods centered on 2030 and 2095, each at CO sub(2) concentrations of 365 and 560 ppm. Crops were simulated under both dryland and irrigated management, with irrigation water supply estimates taken from the HUMUS simulations in Paper 1. Texas, New Mexico, Colorado, Utah, Arizona, and California are projected to experience significant temperature increases by 2030. Slight cooling is expected by 2030 in Alabama, Florida, Maine, Montana, Idaho, and Utah. Larger areas are projected to experience increased warming by 2095. Uniform precipitation increases are expected by 2030 in the northeast. These increases are predicted to expand to the eastern half of the country by 2095. Regionally, dryland corn yields could increase, decrease or remain unchanged under the two scenarios. EPIC simulated yield increases for the Great Lakes, Corn Belt and Northeast regions. Simulated yields of irrigated corn were predicted to increase in almost all regions. Soybean yields could decrease in the Northern and Southern Plains, the Corn Belt, Delta, Appalachian, and Southeast regions and increase in the Lakes and Northeast regions. Simulated wheat yields exhibited upward trends under scenarios of climate-change. Evapotranspiration in dryland corn is expected to increase in both future periods while water-use efficiency will decrease. National corn production in 2030 and 2095 could be affected by changes in three major producing regions. In 2030, corn production could increase in the Corn Belt and Lakes regions but decrease in the Northern Plains leading to an overall decrease in national production. National wheat production is expected to increase during both future periods. A proxy indicator was developed to provide a sense of where in the country, and when water would be available to satisfy change in irrigation demand for corn and alfalfa production as these are influenced by the HadCM2 scenarios and CO sub(2)-fertilization. Irrigation requirement by irrigated crops declines under these scenarios as transpiration is suppressed. JF - Agricultural and Forest Meteorology AU - Izaurralde, R C AU - Rosenberg, N J AU - Brown, R A AU - Thomson, A M AD - Joint Global Change Research Institute, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, University of Maryland, 8400 Baltimore Avenue, College Park, MD 20740, USA, cesar.izaurralde@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - June 2003 SP - 97 EP - 122 PB - Elsevier VL - 117 IS - 1-2 SN - 0168-1923, 0168-1923 KW - Corn KW - Wheat KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Erosion productivity impact calculator (EPIC) KW - Alfalfa KW - Crop yield KW - Evapotranspiration KW - Runoff KW - Agriculture KW - Inland waters KW - USA, Florida KW - Corn yield KW - Climatic changes KW - Water resources KW - Water supplies KW - Crops KW - Corn Belt KW - Crop Yield KW - USA, Alabama KW - Lakes KW - Agricultural productivity KW - Assessments KW - Climatic variability KW - Climatic change influences on corn KW - Meteorology KW - USA, California KW - USA, Utah KW - USA, New Mexico KW - Mathematical models KW - Climate and agriculture KW - Climates KW - Irrigation KW - Climate KW - Simulation KW - Water supply KW - Climatic change influences KW - Water use KW - USA KW - USA, Colorado KW - Natural resources KW - USA, Maine KW - Irrigation Water KW - Q2 09127:General papers on resources KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - Q2 09241:General KW - SW 1060:Conservation in agricultural use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16159955?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agricultural+and+Forest+Meteorology&rft.atitle=Integrated+assessment+of+Hadley+Center+%28HadCM2%29+climate-change+impacts+on+agricultural+productivity+and+irrigation+water+supply+in+the+conterminous+United+States+Part+II.+Regional+agricultural+production+in+2030+and+2095&rft.au=Izaurralde%2C+R+C%3BRosenberg%2C+N+J%3BBrown%2C+R+A%3BThomson%2C+A+M&rft.aulast=Izaurralde&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=97&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agricultural+and+Forest+Meteorology&rft.issn=01681923&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0168-1923%2803%2900024-8 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Agriculture; Inland waters; Water use; Mathematical models; Natural resources; Climate; Irrigation; Climatic changes; Water resources; Evapotranspiration; Water supply; Climatic change influences; Agricultural productivity; Climatic variability; Climate and agriculture; Corn yield; Climatic change influences on corn; Simulation; Meteorology; Water supplies; Crops; Lakes; Assessments; Climates; Corn; Irrigation Water; Crop Yield; Corn Belt; USA, Utah; USA, Alabama; USA, New Mexico; USA, Colorado; USA; USA, Florida; USA, Maine; USA, California DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0168-1923(03)00024-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Integrated assessment of Hadley Centre (HadCM2) climate change projections on agricultural productivity and irrigation water supply in the conterminous United States I. Climate change scenarios and impacts on irrigation water supply simulated with the HUMUS model AN - 16159828; 5686925 AB - In response to a congressional mandate, the US Global Change Research Program organized a National Assessment of Climate Change focusing on geographic regions (e.g. Alaska, Great Plains) and sectors (e.g. public health, agriculture, water resources). This paper describes methodology and results of a study by researchers at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory contributing to the water sector analysis. The subsequent paper makes use of the water supply results to estimate the climate change impacts on irrigated agriculture. The vulnerability of water resources in the conterminous US to climate changes in 10-year periods centered on 2030 and 2095 as projected by the Hadley/United Kingdom Meteorological Office (UKMO) general circulation model (GCM; HadCM2) were modeled using the Hydrologic Unit Model for the United States (HUMUS). HUMUS, a biophysically based hydrology model, consists of a Geographical Information System (GIS) that provides data on soils, land use and climate to drive the Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). The modeling was done at the scale of the eight-digit United States Geological Survey (USGS) Hydrologic Unit Area (HUA) of which there are 2101 in the conterminous US. Results are aggregated to the four- and two-digit (major water resource region, MWRR) scales for various purposes. Daily records of maximum/minimum temperature and precipitation (PPT) from 1961 to 1990 provided the baseline climate. Water yields (WY), used as a measure of water supply for irrigation, increases from the 1961-1990 baseline period over most of the US in 2030 and 2095. In 2030, WY increases in the western US and decreases in the central and southeast regions. Notably, WY increases by 139 mm (35%) from baseline in the Pacific Northwest. Driven by higher temperatures and reduced precipitation, WY is projected to decrease in the Lower Mississippi and Texas Gulf basins. The HadCM2 (2095) scenario projects a climate significantly wetter than baseline, resulting in water yield increases of 38% on average. Water yield increases are projected to be significant throughout the eastern US--39% in the Ohio basin, for example. Water yields increase significantly in the western US, as well--57 and 76% in the Upper and Lower Colorado, respectively. Climate change also affects the seasonality of the hydrologic cycle. Early snowmelt is induced in western basins, leading to dramatically increased water yields in late winter and early spring. The simulations were run at current (365 ppm) and elevated (560 ppm) atmospheric CO sub(2) concentrations [CO sub(2)] to account for the potential impacts of the 'CO sub(2)-fertilization' effect. The effects of climate change scenario were considerably greater than those due to elevated [CO sub(2)] but the latter, overall, decreased losses and augmented increases in water yield. JF - Agricultural and Forest Meteorology AU - Rosenberg, N J AU - Brown, R A AU - Izaurralde, R C AU - Thomson, A M AD - Joint Global Change Research Institute, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, University of Maryland, College Park, 8400 Baltimore Avenue, College Park, MD 20740, USA, nj.rosenberg@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - June 2003 SP - 73 EP - 96 PB - Elsevier VL - 117 IS - 1-2 SN - 0168-1923, 0168-1923 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Global warming KW - Irrigation KW - Evapotranspiration KW - Runoff KW - CO2-fertilization effect KW - Agriculture KW - Climatic changes KW - Water resources KW - Water supplies KW - Crops KW - Public health KW - Hydrologic Models KW - Agricultural productivity KW - Assessments KW - Climatic Changes KW - Hydrology KW - Meteorology KW - Hydrologic models KW - British Isles KW - USA, Alaska KW - Atmospheric precipitations KW - Water Yield KW - Mathematical models KW - Climate and agriculture KW - Climates KW - Hydrologic cycle KW - Water supply KW - USA KW - USA, Great Plains KW - General circulation models KW - Natural resources KW - Irrigation Water KW - Geographic information systems KW - Carbon dioxide KW - GIS KW - Water Resources KW - Climate change scenarios KW - M2 556:General (556) KW - Q2 09127:General papers on resources KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - Q2 09241:General KW - SW 1060:Conservation in agricultural use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16159828?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agricultural+and+Forest+Meteorology&rft.atitle=Integrated+assessment+of+Hadley+Centre+%28HadCM2%29+climate+change+projections+on+agricultural+productivity+and+irrigation+water+supply+in+the+conterminous+United+States+I.+Climate+change+scenarios+and+impacts+on+irrigation+water+supply+simulated+with+the+HUMUS+model&rft.au=Rosenberg%2C+N+J%3BBrown%2C+R+A%3BIzaurralde%2C+R+C%3BThomson%2C+A+M&rft.aulast=Rosenberg&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=73&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agricultural+and+Forest+Meteorology&rft.issn=01681923&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0168-1923%2803%2900025-X LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atmospheric precipitations; Agriculture; Mathematical models; Natural resources; Irrigation; Climatic changes; Water resources; GIS; Hydrologic cycle; Public health; Water supply; Agricultural productivity; Climate and agriculture; General circulation models; Hydrologic models; Climate change scenarios; Hydrology; Meteorology; Geographic information systems; Carbon dioxide; Water supplies; Crops; Water Yield; Hydrologic Models; Assessments; Climates; Climatic Changes; Irrigation Water; Water Resources; USA, Alaska; British Isles; USA; USA, Great Plains DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0168-1923(03)00025-X ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The 2001 Phoenix Sunrise experiment: vertical mixing and chemistry during the morning transition in Phoenix AN - 16150151; 5606624 AB - A field experiment was carried out in Phoenix during June 2001 to examine the role of vertical mixing on the O sub(3) chemistry of the boundary layer during the morning transition from stable to unstable atmospheric conditions. Surface instruments, instruments located on two floors of a 39 story building in downtown Phoenix, and an instrumented airplane were used to characterize the evolving chemistry in the lowest 650 m of the atmosphere. Remote sensing and in situ platforms were used to obtain detailed profiles of winds and temperatures during the early morning hours and for several hours after sunrise. The analysis presented in this paper focuses on vertical profiles of CO, O sub(3), and NO measured on the building and their relationship to the morning boundary layer evolution over Phoenix. Some features of these profiles were found that are consistent with a simple conceptual picture of nighttime trapping of pollutants in a stable surface layer and a subsequent release the following morning. On some days, however, evidence of significant vertical mixing was found during the early morning hours well before the times expected for the development of convective mixing after sunrise. Possible causes include advection, street canyon turbulence, and large-scale convergence, but a satisfactory explanation for the observed evolution of the chemical profiles has not yet been found. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Doran, J C AU - Berkowitz, C M AU - Coulter, R L AU - Shaw, W J AU - Spicer, C W AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MSIN K9-30, Richland, WA 99352, USA, christopher.doran@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - Jun 2003 SP - 2365 EP - 2377 VL - 37 IS - 17 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Morning transition KW - CO profiles KW - O3 profiles KW - Vertical mixing KW - Urban air quality KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Diurnal variations KW - Remote sensing KW - Street canyon pollution KW - Nitrogen oxides KW - Air pollution KW - Carbon monoxide KW - Atmospheric chemistry KW - Ozone profiles KW - Atmospheric boundary layer KW - Carbon dioxide KW - USA, Arizona, Phoenix KW - Urban areas KW - Ozone KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M2 551.510.3/.4:Physical Properties/Composition (551.510.3/.4) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16150151?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=The+2001+Phoenix+Sunrise+experiment%3A+vertical+mixing+and+chemistry+during+the+morning+transition+in+Phoenix&rft.au=Doran%2C+J+C%3BBerkowitz%2C+C+M%3BCoulter%2C+R+L%3BShaw%2C+W+J%3BSpicer%2C+C+W&rft.aulast=Doran&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=17&rft.spage=2365&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS1352-2310%2803%2900134-1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Diurnal variations; Atmospheric chemistry; Remote sensing; Ozone profiles; Street canyon pollution; Atmospheric boundary layer; Carbon dioxide; Ozone; Carbon monoxide; Air pollution; Pollution monitoring; Nitrogen oxides; Urban areas; USA, Arizona, Phoenix DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(03)00134-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Oxidation of H sub(2)S by Iron Oxides in Unsaturated Conditions AN - 19933152; 5801331 AB - Previous studies have demonstrated that gas-phase H sub(2)S can immobilize certain redox-sensitive contaminants (e.g., Cr, U, Tc) in vadose zone environments. A key issue for effective and efficient delivery of H sub(2)S in these environments is the reactivity of the gas with indigenous iron oxides. To elucidate the factors that control the transport of H sub(2)S in the vadose zone, laboratory column experiments were conducted to identify reaction mechanisms and measure rates of H sub(2)S oxidation by iron oxide-coated sands using several carrier gas compositions (N sub(2), air, and O sub(2)) and flow rates. Most experiments were conducted using ferrihydrite-coated sand. Additional studies were conducted with goethite- and hematite-coated sand and a natural sediment. Selective extractions were conducted at the end of each column experiment to determine the mass balance of the reaction products. XPS was used to confirm the presence of the reaction products. For column experiments in which ferrihydrite-coated sand was the substrate and N sub(2) was the carrier gas, the major H sub(2)S oxidation products were FeS and elemental sulfur (mostly S super(0) sub(8), represented as S super(0) for simplicity) at ratios that were consistent with the stoichiometry of the postulated reactions. When air or O sub(2) were used as the carrier gas, S super(0) became the dominant reaction product along with FeS sub(2) and smaller amounts of FeS, sulfate, and thiosulfate. A mathematical model of reactive transport was used to test the hypothesis that S super(0) forming on the iron oxide surfaces reduces access of H sub(2)S to the reactive surface. Several conceptual models were assessed in the context of the postulated reactions with the final model based on a linear surface poisoning model and fitted reaction rates. These results indicate that carrier gas selection is a critical consideration with significant tradeoffs for remediation objectives. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Cantrell, K J AU - Yabusaki, S B AU - Engelhard, M H AU - Mitroshkov, A V AU - Thornton, E C AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Mail Stop K6-81, Richland, Washington 99352, USA, kirk.cantrell@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003/05/15/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 May 15 SP - 2192 EP - 2199 VL - 37 IS - 10 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Sulfur KW - Sulfates KW - Mathematical Models KW - Bioremediation KW - Model Testing KW - Flow rates KW - Flow Rates KW - Sand KW - Substrates KW - Sediment Contamination KW - Sediment pollution KW - Mathematical models KW - Water Pollution Treatment KW - Laboratory testing KW - Iron Oxides KW - Laboratories KW - Poisoning KW - Model Studies KW - Remediation KW - Oxidation KW - Iron KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19933152?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Oxidation+of+H+sub%282%29S+by+Iron+Oxides+in+Unsaturated+Conditions&rft.au=Cantrell%2C+K+J%3BYabusaki%2C+S+B%3BEngelhard%2C+M+H%3BMitroshkov%2C+A+V%3BThornton%2C+E+C&rft.aulast=Cantrell&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2003-05-15&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2192&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fes020994o LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sulfates; Sulfur; Sediment pollution; Mathematical models; Bioremediation; Laboratory testing; Sand; Oxidation; Poisoning; Iron; Flow rates; Mathematical Models; Water Pollution Treatment; Laboratories; Iron Oxides; Model Testing; Model Studies; Flow Rates; Remediation; Substrates; Sediment Contamination DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es020994o ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Voltammetric detection of lead(II) and mercury(II) using a carbon paste electrode modified with thiol self-assembled monolayer on mesoporous silica (SAMMS). AN - 73371388; 12790199 AB - The anodic stripping voltammetry at a carbon paste electrode modified with thiol terminated self-assembled monolayer on mesoporous silica (SH-SAMMS) provides a new sensor for simultaneous detection of lead (Pb2+) and mercury (Hg2+) in aqueous solutions. The overall analysis involved a two-step procedure: an accumulation step at open circuit, followed by medium exchange to a pure electrolyte solution for the stripping analysis. Factors affecting the performance of the SH-SAMMS modified electrodes were investigated, including electrode activation and regeneration, electrode composition, preconcentration time, electrolysis time, and composition of electrolysis and stripping media. The most sensitive and reliable electrode contained 20% SH-SAMMS and 80% carbon paste. The optimal operating conditions were a sequence with a 2 min preconcentration period, then a 60 s electrolysis period of the preconcentrated species in 0.2 M nitric acid, followed by square wave anodic stripping voltammetry from -1.0 V to 0.6 V in 0.2 M nitric acid. The areas of the peak responses were linear with respect to metal ion concentrations in the ranges of 10-1500 ppb Pb2+ and 20-1600 ppb Hg2+. The detection limits for Pb2+ and Hg2+ were 0.5 ppb Pb2+ and 3 ppb Hg2+ after a 20 min preconcentration period. JF - The Analyst AU - Yantasee, Wassana AU - Lin, Yuehe AU - Zemanian, Thomas S AU - Fryxell, Glen E AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA. Y1 - 2003/05// PY - 2003 DA - May 2003 SP - 467 EP - 472 VL - 128 IS - 5 SN - 0003-2654, 0003-2654 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - 0 KW - Lead KW - 2P299V784P KW - Carbon KW - 7440-44-0 KW - Mercury KW - FXS1BY2PGL KW - Index Medicus KW - Electrochemistry -- methods KW - Electrodes KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis KW - Mercury -- analysis KW - Lead -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73371388?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Analyst&rft.atitle=Voltammetric+detection+of+lead%28II%29+and+mercury%28II%29+using+a+carbon+paste+electrode+modified+with+thiol+self-assembled+monolayer+on+mesoporous+silica+%28SAMMS%29.&rft.au=Yantasee%2C+Wassana%3BLin%2C+Yuehe%3BZemanian%2C+Thomas+S%3BFryxell%2C+Glen+E&rft.aulast=Yantasee&rft.aufirst=Wassana&rft.date=2003-05-01&rft.volume=128&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=467&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Analyst&rft.issn=00032654&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-09-26 N1 - Date created - 2003-06-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transport of multiple tracers in variably saturated humid region structured soils and semi-arid region laminated sediments AN - 51988046; 2003-038703 AB - The processes governing physical nonequilibrium (PNE)--coupled preferential flow and matrix diffusion--are diverse between humid and semi-arid regions, and are directly related to climate and rock/sediment type, and indirectly related to subsequent soil profile development. The fate and transport of contaminants in these variably saturated undisturbed media is largely a function of the influence of PNE processes. Large cores of laminated silts and sands were collected from the US Department of Energy Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) in semi-arid south central Washington. Additional cores of weathered, fractured interbedded limestone and shale saprolite were collected from the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) in humid eastern Tennessee. PNNL cores were collected parallel (FBP) and perpendicular (FXB) to bedding, and the ORNL core was 30 degrees to bedding. Saturated and unsaturated transport experiments were performed using multiple nonreactive tracers that had different diffusion coefficients (Br (super -) , PFBA, and PIPES), in order to identify the influence of PNE on the fate and transport of solutes. In the ORNL structured saprolite, solute transport was governed by coupled preferential flow and matrix diffusion, as evidenced by tracer separation and highly asymmetric breakthrough curves (BTC). BTCs became more symmetric as preferential flowpaths became inactive during drainage. Tracer separation persisted during unsaturated flow suggesting the continued importance of nonequilibrium mass transfer between flowpaths and the immobile water that was held in the soil matrix. No evidence of PNE was observed under near-saturated conditions in the semi-arid region (PNNL) laminated silts and sands. Unsaturated flow in cores with discontinuous layering resulted in preferential flow and the development of perched, immobile water as evidenced by early breakthrough and separation of tracers. Conversely, transport parallel to laterally continuous beds did not result in preferential flow, the development of perched water, or tracer separation regardless of water content. These observations suggested that desaturation had two effects: (1) grain size variations between individual beds resulted in different antecedent water contents, and (2) the exchange of water and solutes between individual sedimentary beds was subsequently inhibited. Under unsaturated conditions, these effects may promote either stable lateral flow, or unstable vertical finger flow coupled with the development of perched, immobile water. JF - Journal of Hydrology AU - Mayes, M A AU - Jardine, P M AU - Mehlhorn, T L AU - Bjornstad, B N AU - Ladd, J L AU - Zachara, J M A2 - Yu, Zhongbo A2 - Hu, Bill X. Y1 - 2003/05// PY - 2003 DA - May 2003 SP - 141 EP - 161 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 275 IS - 3-4 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - terrestrial environment KW - semi-arid environment KW - unsaturated zone KW - preferential flow KW - cores KW - ground water KW - saturated zone KW - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory KW - tracers KW - Tennessee KW - sediments KW - breakthrough curves KW - mass transfer KW - sedimentary structures KW - soils KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - experimental studies KW - diffusion KW - Washington KW - laminations KW - humid environment KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - equilibrium KW - planar bedding structures KW - heterogeneous materials KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51988046?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Transport+of+multiple+tracers+in+variably+saturated+humid+region+structured+soils+and+semi-arid+region+laminated+sediments&rft.au=Mayes%2C+M+A%3BJardine%2C+P+M%3BMehlhorn%2C+T+L%3BBjornstad%2C+B+N%3BLadd%2C+J+L%3BZachara%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Mayes&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2003-05-01&rft.volume=275&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=141&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0022-1694%2803%2900039-8 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00221694 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - GSA 2000 annual meeting , symposium on Studies on water movement and solute transport in arid regions N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 57 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JHYDA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - breakthrough curves; cores; diffusion; equilibrium; experimental studies; ground water; Hanford Site; heterogeneous materials; humid environment; laminations; mass transfer; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; planar bedding structures; pollution; preferential flow; saturated zone; sedimentary structures; sediments; semi-arid environment; soils; solute transport; Tennessee; terrestrial environment; tracers; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1694(03)00039-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Variation in calcite dissolution rates; a fundamental problem? AN - 51976896; 2003-043862 AB - A comparison of published calcite dissolution rates measured far from equilibrium at a pH of approximately 6 and above shows well over an order of magnitude in variation. Recently published AFM step velocities extend this range further still. In an effort to understand the source of this variation, and to provide additional constraint from a new analytical approach, we have measured dissolution rates by vertical scanning interferometry. In areas of the calcite cleavage surface dominated by etch pits, our measured dissolution rate is 10 (super -10.95) mol/cm (super 2) /s (PCO (sub 2) 10 (super -3.41) atm, pH 8.82), 5 to approximately 100 times slower than published rates derived from bulk powder experiments, although similar to rates derived from AFM step velocities. On cleavage surfaces free of local etch pit development, dissolution is limited by a slow, "global" rate (10 (super -11.68) mol/cm (super 2) /s). Although these differences confirm the importance of etch pit (defect) distribution as a controlling mechanism in calcite dissolution, they also suggest that "bulk" calcite dissolution rates observed in powder experiments may derive substantial enhancement from grain boundaries having high step and kink density. We also observed significant rate inhibition by introduction of dissolved manganese. At 2.0 mu M Mn, the rate diminished to 10 (super -12.4) mol/cm (super 2) /s, and the well formed rhombic etch pits that characterized dissolution in pure solution were absent. These results are in good agreement with the pattern of manganese inhibition in published AFM step velocities, assuming a step density on smooth terraces of approximately 9 mu m (super -1) . JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Arvidson, Rolf S AU - Ertan, Inci Evren AU - Amonette, James E AU - Luttge, Andreas Y1 - 2003/05// PY - 2003 DA - May 2003 SP - 1623 EP - 1634 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 67 IS - 9 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - experimental studies KW - metals KW - mineral-water interface KW - rates KW - solution KW - manganese KW - geochemistry KW - carbonates KW - interferometry KW - calcite KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51976896?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Variation+in+calcite+dissolution+rates%3B+a+fundamental+problem%3F&rft.au=Arvidson%2C+Rolf+S%3BErtan%2C+Inci+Evren%3BAmonette%2C+James+E%3BLuttge%2C+Andreas&rft.aulast=Arvidson&rft.aufirst=Rolf&rft.date=2003-05-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1623&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2802%2901177-8 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 44 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - calcite; carbonates; experimental studies; geochemistry; interferometry; manganese; metals; mineral-water interface; rates; solution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(02)01177-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Towards a unified system for detecting waterborne pathogens AN - 18756302; 5623588 AB - Currently, there is no single method to collect, process, and analyze a water sample for all pathogenic microorganisms of interest. Some of the difficulties in developing a universal method include the physical differences between the major pathogen groups (viruses, bacteria, protozoa), efficiently concentrating large volume water samples to detect low target concentrations of certain pathogen groups, removing co-concentrated inhibitors from the sample, and standardizing a culture-independent endpoint detection method. Integrating the disparate technologies into a single, universal, simple method and detection system would represent a significant advance in public health and microbiological water quality analysis. Recent advances in sample collection, on-line sample processing and purification, and DNA microarray technologies may form the basis of a universal method to detect known and emerging waterborne pathogens. This review discusses some of the challenges in developing a universal pathogen detection method, current technology that may be employed to overcome these challenges, and the remaining needs for developing an integrated pathogen detection and monitoring system for source or finished water. JF - Journal of Microbiological Methods AU - Straub, T M AU - Chandler, D P AD - Analytical Microbiology Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, P.O. Box 999 MSIN P7-50, Richland, WA 99352, USA, Timothy.Straub@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003/05// PY - 2003 DA - May 2003 SP - 185 EP - 197 PB - Elsevier Science B.V. VL - 53 IS - 2 SN - 0167-7012, 0167-7012 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Water Analysis KW - Water Sampling KW - Water Quality KW - Pathogens KW - Water quality KW - Microbiological Studies KW - Public Health KW - Reviews KW - Detection KW - Purification KW - Samples KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - A 01108:Other water systems UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18756302?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Microbiological+Methods&rft.atitle=Towards+a+unified+system+for+detecting+waterborne+pathogens&rft.au=Straub%2C+T+M%3BChandler%2C+D+P&rft.aulast=Straub&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2003-05-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=185&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Microbiological+Methods&rft.issn=01677012&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0167-7012%2803%2900023-X LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Reviews; Detection; Purification; Pathogens; Samples; Water quality; Public Health; Water Analysis; Water Sampling; Water Quality; Microbiological Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0167-7012(03)00023-X ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of electron donor/acceptor concentrations on hydrous ferric oxide (HFO) bioreduction. AN - 73477398; 12877465 AB - Dissimilatory metal-reducing bacteria (DMRB) facilitate the reduction of Fe and Mn oxides in anoxic soils and sediments and play an important role in the cycling of these metals and other elements such as carbon in aqueous environments. Previous studies investigating the reduction of Fe(III) oxides by DMRB focused on reactions under constant initial electron donor (lactate) and electron acceptor (Fe oxide) concentrations. Because the concentrations of these reactants can vary greatly in the environment and would be expected to influence the rate and extent of oxide reduction, the influence of variable electron acceptor and donor concentrations on hydrous ferric oxide (HFO) bioreduction was investigated. Batch experiments were conducted in pH 7 HCO3 buffered media using Shewanella putrefaciens strain CN32. In general, the rate of Fe(III) reduction decreased with increasing HFO:lactate ratios, resulting in a relatively greater proportion of crystalline Fe(III) oxides of relatively low availability for DMRB. HFO was transformed to a variety of crystalline minerals including goethite, lepidocrocite, and siderite but was almost completely dissolved at high lactate to HFO ratios. These results indicate that electron donor and acceptor concentrations can greatly impact the bioreduction of HFO and the suite of Fe minerals formed as a result of reduction. The respiration driven rate of Fe(II) formation from HFO is believed to be a primary factor governing the array of ferrous and ferric iron phases formed during reduction. JF - Biodegradation AU - Fredrickson, James K AU - Kota, Sreenivas AU - Kukkadapu, Ravi K AU - Liu, Chongxuan AU - Zachara, John M AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA. jim.fredrickson@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003/04// PY - 2003 DA - April 2003 SP - 91 EP - 103 VL - 14 IS - 2 SN - 0923-9820, 0923-9820 KW - Culture Media KW - 0 KW - Ferric Compounds KW - Ferrous Compounds KW - Indicators and Reagents KW - Iron Radioisotopes KW - ferric oxide KW - 1K09F3G675 KW - Lactic Acid KW - 33X04XA5AT KW - Index Medicus KW - Iron Radioisotopes -- chemistry KW - Thermodynamics KW - Electron Transport KW - Spectroscopy, Mossbauer KW - Ferrous Compounds -- chemistry KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - Kinetics KW - Biodegradation, Environmental KW - Crystallography, X-Ray KW - Shewanella putrefaciens -- metabolism KW - Lactic Acid -- chemistry KW - Ferric Compounds -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73477398?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biodegradation&rft.atitle=Influence+of+electron+donor%2Facceptor+concentrations+on+hydrous+ferric+oxide+%28HFO%29+bioreduction.&rft.au=Fredrickson%2C+James+K%3BKota%2C+Sreenivas%3BKukkadapu%2C+Ravi+K%3BLiu%2C+Chongxuan%3BZachara%2C+John+M&rft.aulast=Fredrickson&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=91&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biodegradation&rft.issn=09239820&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-03-09 N1 - Date created - 2003-07-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of mineral precipitation and dissolution on hydrologic properties of porous media in static and dynamic systems AN - 51996629; 2003-033279 AB - A critical component in determining the suitability of disposing glassified, low activity waste is the identification of key mineral assemblages affecting the porosity and permeability of both the glass and near- and far-field materials. In this study, two different classes of geochemical models are used to identify mineral precipitation and dissolution potentials for an immobilized low-activity waste (ILAW) disposal facility in Hanford, Washington. The first is a static geochemical model that does not consider the effects of transport. The second model is dynamic, and combines geochemical reactions with hydrogeological processes such as advection, diffusion and dispersion. This reactive transport model also includes an innovative application of a depositional film model for determining changes in permeability due to mineral precipitation and dissolution reactions. Although both models describe solid-aqueous phase reactions kinetically, the two models identify two different sets of mineral assemblages affecting the porosity and permeability of the media. These markedly different results are due to transport considerations, the most significant of which are the spatial variability in aqueous concentrations, and advection and diffusion of dissolved glass constituents into the backfill materials. This work shows that for the prediction of geochemical behavior of engineered systems, such as the ILAW disposal facility, the traditional reaction path modeling approach is not sufficient for an accurate assessment of the precipitation of key mineral assemblages and their effect on the geochemical and hydraulic behavior of the waste glass. Reactive transport modeling improves this assessment significantly. The static model is useful in identifying potential minerals to be included in the reactive transport simulations. The dynamic model, however, ultimately determines the key mineral assemblages affecting both the geochemical behavior and the hydraulic properties of the waste glass in the presence of a flowing aqueous phase. JF - Applied Geochemistry AU - Freedman, V L AU - Saripalli, K P AU - Meyer, P D Y1 - 2003/04// PY - 2003 DA - April 2003 SP - 589 EP - 606 PB - Pergamon, Oxford-New York-Beijing VL - 18 IS - 4 SN - 0883-2927, 0883-2927 KW - United States KW - backfill KW - EQ3/6 KW - solution KW - simulation KW - radioactive waste KW - EQ6 KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - EQ3NR KW - mineral assemblages KW - geochemistry KW - processes KW - Washington KW - Hanford Site KW - porous materials KW - properties KW - equations KW - advection KW - porosity KW - models KW - STORM KW - precipitation KW - waste disposal KW - low-level waste KW - permeability KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51996629?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Influence+of+mineral+precipitation+and+dissolution+on+hydrologic+properties+of+porous+media+in+static+and+dynamic+systems&rft.au=Freedman%2C+V+L%3BSaripalli%2C+K+P%3BMeyer%2C+P+D&rft.aulast=Freedman&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=589&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.issn=08832927&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0883-2927%2802%2900116-6 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/08832927 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 8 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - advection; backfill; chemical reactions; EQ3/6; EQ3NR; EQ6; equations; geochemistry; Hanford Site; low-level waste; mineral assemblages; models; permeability; porosity; porous materials; precipitation; processes; properties; radioactive waste; simulation; solution; STORM; transport; United States; Washington; waste disposal DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0883-2927(02)00116-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A particle-based model of size or anion exclusion with application to microbial transport in porous media AN - 51941937; 2003-066627 JF - Water Resources Research AU - Scheibe, Timothy D AU - Wood, Brian D Y1 - 2003/04// PY - 2003 DA - April 2003 SP - 10 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 39 IS - 4 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - water quality KW - halogens KW - water management KW - bromide ion KW - Northampton County Virginia KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - laboratory studies KW - Oyster Virginia KW - tracers KW - breakthrough curves KW - protection KW - anions KW - experimental studies KW - Virginia KW - Darcy's law KW - bromine KW - porosity KW - size KW - models KW - bacteria KW - water resources KW - particles KW - microorganisms KW - field studies KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51941937?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=A+particle-based+model+of+size+or+anion+exclusion+with+application+to+microbial+transport+in+porous+media&rft.au=Scheibe%2C+Timothy+D%3BWood%2C+Brian+D&rft.aulast=Scheibe&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2001WR001223 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 73 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anions; bacteria; breakthrough curves; bromide ion; bromine; Darcy's law; experimental studies; field studies; ground water; halogens; laboratory studies; microorganisms; models; Northampton County Virginia; Oyster Virginia; particles; porosity; protection; remediation; size; solute transport; tracers; United States; Virginia; water management; water quality; water resources DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2001WR001223 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carbon dioxide along WOCE line A14; water masses characterization and anthropogenic entry AN - 51813402; 2004-061831 JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Rios, A F AU - Alvarez Salgado, X A AU - Perez, F F AU - Bingler, L S AU - Aristegui, J AU - Memery, L Y1 - 2003/04// PY - 2003 DA - April 2003 SP - 16 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 108 IS - C4 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - concentration KW - ocean circulation KW - inorganic carbon KW - human activity KW - carbon dioxide traps KW - atmosphere KW - World Ocean Circulation Experiment KW - carbon dioxide KW - provenance KW - thermocline KW - North Atlantic Deep Water KW - carbon KW - standard materials KW - tracers KW - alkalinity KW - South Atlantic KW - pH KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51813402?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Carbon+dioxide+along+WOCE+line+A14%3B+water+masses+characterization+and+anthropogenic+entry&rft.au=Rios%2C+A+F%3BAlvarez+Salgado%2C+X+A%3BPerez%2C+F+F%3BBingler%2C+L+S%3BAristegui%2C+J%3BMemery%2C+L&rft.aulast=Rios&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=C4&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2000JC000366 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 80 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sects., geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkalinity; Atlantic Ocean; atmosphere; carbon; carbon dioxide; carbon dioxide traps; concentration; human activity; inorganic carbon; North Atlantic Deep Water; ocean circulation; pH; provenance; South Atlantic; standard materials; thermocline; tracers; World Ocean Circulation Experiment DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2000JC000366 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The use of ground penetrating radar for site characterization at Hanford AN - 50881808; 2005-046595 JF - Proceedings of SAGEEP AU - Knight, Rosemary J AU - Irving, James AU - Freeman, Eugene AU - Tercier, Paulette AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/04// PY - 2003 DA - April 2003 SP - 221 EP - 227 PB - Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, Wheat Ridge, CO VL - 2003 KW - United States KW - Washington KW - geophysical surveys KW - pollutants KW - ground-penetrating radar KW - variance analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - characterization KW - unsaturated zone KW - radar methods KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - semivariograms KW - environmental analysis KW - ground water KW - surveys KW - water pollution KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50881808?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.atitle=The+use+of+ground+penetrating+radar+for+site+characterization+at+Hanford&rft.au=Knight%2C+Rosemary+J%3BIrving%2C+James%3BFreeman%2C+Eugene%3BTercier%2C+Paulette%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Knight&rft.aufirst=Rosemary&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=2003&rft.issue=&rft.spage=221&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.issn=1554-8015&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://scitation.aip.org/sageep/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium on The application of geophysics to engineering and environmental problems N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - characterization; environmental analysis; geophysical surveys; ground water; ground-penetrating radar; Hanford Site; pollutants; pollution; radar methods; semivariograms; statistical analysis; surveys; United States; unsaturated zone; variance analysis; Washington; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of Hourly Meteorological Values From Daily Data and Significance to Hydrological Modeling at H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest AN - 18851251; 5641954 AB - Hydrologic modeling depends on having quality meteorological input available at the simulation time step. Often two needs arise: disaggregation from daily to subdaily and extend an available subdaily record. Simple techniques were tested for generating hourly air temperature, precipitation, solar radiation, relative humidity, and wind speed from limited daily data at the H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest, Oregon. Skill of the daily to hourly methods ranged from poor to very good. The best method for each variable had mean error 0.5, with the exception of wind speed, which had a bias problem related to change in measurement height. Significance of the disaggregation assumptions for simulated hydrology was evaluated by driving the Distributed Hydrology Soil Vegetation Model (DHSVM) with alternative meteorological inputs. The largest differences in streamflow simulation efficiency were related to differences in precipitation phase, which followed from the air temperature method used. The largest differences in annual water balance were related to the humidity model used; the common fallback assumption that daily dewpoint temperature equals minimum air temperature led to sharply higher evapotranspiration. Hourly streamflow and annual water balance were less sensitive to the method of distributing precipitation throughout the day and parameterization of solar radiation. JF - Journal of Hydrometeorology AU - Waichler AU - Wigmosta AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, K9-36, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, scottwaichler@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003/04// PY - 2003 DA - Apr 2003 SP - 251 EP - 263 PB - American Meteorological Society VL - 4 IS - 2 SN - 1525-755X, 1525-755X KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Water budget KW - Time series KW - Relative Humidity KW - Climatic data KW - Hydrologic Models KW - Hydrology KW - Meteorological observations KW - USA, Oregon KW - Wind KW - Hydrologic models KW - Modelling KW - Atmospheric precipitations KW - Solar Radiation KW - Air Temperature KW - Vegetation KW - Humidity KW - Streamflow KW - Evapotranspiration KW - Precipitation KW - Hydrometeorological data KW - Stream flow KW - Atmosphere-hydrologic coupled models KW - Water balance KW - INE, USA, Oregon KW - Analytical techniques KW - SW 0810:General KW - Q2 09162:Methods and instruments KW - M2 556.072:Models, analogies, etc. (556.072) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18851251?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrometeorology&rft.atitle=Development+of+Hourly+Meteorological+Values+From+Daily+Data+and+Significance+to+Hydrological+Modeling+at+H.+J.+Andrews+Experimental+Forest&rft.au=Waichler%3BWigmosta&rft.aulast=Waichler&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=251&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrometeorology&rft.issn=1525755X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F1525-7541%282003%294%28251%3ADOHMVF%292.0.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atmospheric precipitations; Climatic data; Water budget; Time series; Analytical techniques; Evapotranspiration; Meteorological observations; Stream flow; Modelling; Water balance; Atmosphere-hydrologic coupled models; Hydrometeorological data; Hydrologic models; Solar Radiation; Hydrologic Models; Air Temperature; Humidity; Vegetation; Hydrology; Streamflow; Precipitation; Relative Humidity; Wind; INE, USA, Oregon; USA, Oregon DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1525-7541(2003)4(251:DOHMVF)2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lessons learned from reactive transport modeling of a low-activity waste glass disposal system AN - 16167977; 5688752 AB - A set of reactive chemical transport calculations were conducted with the Subsurface Transport Over Reactive Multiphases (STORM) code to evaluate the long-term performance of a representative low-activity waste glass in a shallow subsurface disposal system located on the Hanford site. Two different trench designs were considered, one with four rows of small waste packages (old design), the other with three layers of larger waste packages (new design). One-dimensional (1D) simulations were carried out to 20,000 yr, whereas two-dimensional (2D) simulations could only be carried out for 10,000 yr due to constraints on computational time. Both the 1D and 2D simulations predicted that the technetium release rate from the waste packages would be lower for the new trench design at times greater than 1 yr. Having fewer, larger waste packages decreases the glass surface area exposed to reaction with pore water. In the 2D simulations, water can flow around the waste packages, which causes a decrease in the water flux through the waste packages and lower release rates than predicted in the 1D simulations. This result reinforces the importance of performing multi-dimensional waste form release simulations. JF - Computers & Geosciences AU - Bacon, D H AU - Peter McGrail, B AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MS K9-33, Richland, WA 99352, USA, diana.bacon@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003/04// PY - 2003 DA - Apr 2003 SP - 361 EP - 370 VL - 29 IS - 3 SN - 0098-3004, 0098-3004 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Waste Management KW - Waste Disposal KW - Radioactive wastes KW - Waste Dumps KW - Simulation KW - Interstitial Water KW - Glass KW - USA, Washington, Hanford Site KW - Performance Evaluation KW - Chemical Wastes KW - Waste disposal KW - Hazardous wastes KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes KW - P 8000:RADIATION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16167977?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computers+%26+Geosciences&rft.atitle=Lessons+learned+from+reactive+transport+modeling+of+a+low-activity+waste+glass+disposal+system&rft.au=Bacon%2C+D+H%3BPeter+McGrail%2C+B&rft.aulast=Bacon&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=361&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computers+%26+Geosciences&rft.issn=00983004&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0098-3004%2803%2900011-6 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Radioactive wastes; Simulation; Glass; Waste disposal; Hazardous wastes; Performance Evaluation; Waste Management; Chemical Wastes; Waste Disposal; Waste Dumps; Interstitial Water; USA, Washington, Hanford Site DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0098-3004(03)00011-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nonlocal bacterial electron transfer to hematite surfaces AN - 52007485; 2003-027753 AB - Mechanisms by which dissimilatory iron-reducing bacteria utilize iron and manganese oxide minerals as terminal electron acceptors for respiration are poorly understood. In the absence of exogenous electron shuttle compounds, extracellular electron transfer is generally thought to occur through the interfacial contact area between mineral surfaces and attached cells. Possible alternative reduction pathways have been proposed based on the discovery of a link between an excreted quinone and dissimilatory reduction. In this study, we utilize a novel experimental approach to demonstrate that Shewanella putrefaciens reduces the surface of crystalline iron oxides at spatial locations that are distinct from points of attachment. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Rosso, Kevin M AU - Zachara, John M AU - Fredrickson, Jim K AU - Gorby, Yuri A AU - Smith, Steven C A2 - Becker, Udo A2 - Rosso, Kevin M. Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 1081 EP - 1087 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 67 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - experimental studies KW - iron oxides KW - Shewanella putrefaciens KW - Shewanella KW - biogenic processes KW - atomic force microscopy data KW - single-crystal method KW - chemical reactions KW - hematite KW - bacteria KW - oxides KW - surface reactions KW - reduction KW - geochemistry KW - mineral surface KW - electrons KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52007485?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Nonlocal+bacterial+electron+transfer+to+hematite+surfaces&rft.au=Rosso%2C+Kevin+M%3BZachara%2C+John+M%3BFredrickson%2C+Jim+K%3BGorby%2C+Yuri+A%3BSmith%2C+Steven+C&rft.aulast=Rosso&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1081&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2802%2900904-3 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2001 Goldschmidt meeting, symposium on Advances in oxide and sulfide mineral surface chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atomic force microscopy data; bacteria; biogenic processes; chemical reactions; electrons; experimental studies; geochemistry; hematite; iron oxides; mineral surface; oxides; reduction; Shewanella; Shewanella putrefaciens; single-crystal method; surface reactions DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(02)00904-3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potentiometric and (super 19) F nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic study of fluoride substitution in the GaAl (sub 12) polyoxocation; implications for aluminum (hydr)oxide mineral surfaces AN - 52006798; 2003-027752 AB - Fluoride replacement of oxygens in the GaO (sub 4) Al (sub 12) (OH) (sub 24) (H (sub 2) O)127+(aq) molecule [GaAl (sub 12) ] was studied via (super 19) F nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) at 4 identical with Fe(II) + OH (super ) (sub (ads)) + H (super +) The combination of two OH (super ) then produces H (sub 2) O (sub 2) . In the present study, we show spectroscopic evidence consistent with the conversion of Fe(III) to Fe(II) at defect sites, the origin of H (sub 2) O (sub 2) from H (sub 2) O, and the existence of OH (super ) in solution. To demonstrate the iron conversion at the surface, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was employed. Using a novel mass spectrometry method, the production of H (sub 2) O (sub 2) was evaluated. The aqueous concentration of OH (super ) was measured using a standard radical scavenger method. The formation of OH (super ) via the interaction of H (sub 2) O with the pyrite surface is consistent with several observations in earlier studies and clarifies a fundamental step in the oxidation mechanism of pyrite. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Borda, Michael J AU - Elsetinow, Alicia R AU - Strongin, Daniel R AU - Schoonen, Martin A A2 - Becker, Udo A2 - Rosso, Kevin M. Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 935 EP - 939 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 67 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - water KW - experimental studies KW - mass spectra KW - iron KW - measurement KW - ferrous iron KW - laboratory studies KW - hydroxyl ion KW - ferric iron KW - chemical reactions KW - metals KW - surface defects KW - surface reactions KW - pyrite KW - spectra KW - X-ray photoelectron spectra KW - crystal chemistry KW - sulfides KW - geochemistry KW - mineral surface KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52004290?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=A+mechanism+for+the+production+of+hydroxyl+radical+at+surface+defect+sites+on+pyrite&rft.au=Borda%2C+Michael+J%3BElsetinow%2C+Alicia+R%3BStrongin%2C+Daniel+R%3BSchoonen%2C+Martin+A&rft.aulast=Borda&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=935&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2802%2901222-X L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2001 Goldschmidt meeting, symposium on Advances in oxide and sulfide mineral surface chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical reactions; crystal chemistry; experimental studies; ferric iron; ferrous iron; geochemistry; hydroxyl ion; iron; laboratory studies; mass spectra; measurement; metals; mineral surface; pyrite; spectra; sulfides; surface defects; surface reactions; water; X-ray photoelectron spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(02)01222-X ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of different crystal faces on the surface charge of colloidal goethite (alpha -FeOOH) particles; an experimental and modeling study AN - 52004117; 2003-027745 AB - The surface charge of colloidal particles is usually determined by potentiometric titration. These acid-base titrations make it possible to measure the pH of point-of-zero charge (pzc) for oxide minerals. This macroscopic property is the most important parameter used in surface complexation modeling to reproduce experimental data. The pzc values of goethite reported in the literature vary between 7.0 and 9.5. Carbonate adsorption and/or surface morphology are thought to account for this wide range. We demonstrate a procedure for the removal of the carbonate ions that initially adsorb on goethite and strongly affect the titration curves and pzc determination. We also investigated the crystal-face-specific reactivity of two morphologically different goethites. The z-profiles obtained from atomic force microscopy (AFM) images showed that the goethite with the smallest specific surface area (S = 49 m (super 2) /g, denoted G49) exhibits 70% of the (001) face, whereas this value is only 30% for the goethite with largest specific surface area (S = 95 m (super 2) /g, denoted G95). This morphologic difference results in slightly different pzc values: 9.0 for G49 goethite and 9.1 for G95 geothite. These experimental pzc values have been correlated with multisite complexation calculations using both the full-site and the 1-pK approaches. We used the full-site approach to consider all of the configurations of hydrogen bond interactions with surface site. The resulting mean charges gave estimated pzc values of 8.9 and 9.2 for the (001) and (101) faces, respectively. Considering these theoretical pzc values for individual faces and the face distributions obtained from AFM analysis, the calculated pzc values are in full agreement with the experimental pzc values. However, this morphologic difference is more expressed in surface charge values than in the pzc values. Indeed, the surface charge of G49 goethite is much higher than that of G95 goethite, and the 1-pK calculations make it possible to fit the titration data satisfactorily. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Gaboriaud, Fabien AU - Ehrhardt, Jean-Jacques A2 - Becker, Udo A2 - Rosso, Kevin M. Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 967 EP - 983 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 67 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - crystal form KW - iron oxides KW - goethite KW - data processing KW - techniques KW - electrochemical properties KW - laboratory studies KW - chemical reactions KW - digital simulation KW - oxides KW - surface reactions KW - particulate materials KW - synthesis KW - geochemistry KW - mineral surface KW - experimental studies KW - colloidal materials KW - chemical analysis KW - titration KW - numerical models KW - surface charge KW - electrolytes KW - models KW - sample preparation KW - reagents KW - MUSIC model KW - theoretical models KW - potentiometry KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52004117?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Effects+of+different+crystal+faces+on+the+surface+charge+of+colloidal+goethite+%28alpha+-FeOOH%29+particles%3B+an+experimental+and+modeling+study&rft.au=Gaboriaud%2C+Fabien%3BEhrhardt%2C+Jean-Jacques&rft.aulast=Gaboriaud&rft.aufirst=Fabien&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=967&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2802%2900988-2 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2001 Goldschmidt meeting, symposium on Advances in oxide and sulfide mineral surface chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 65 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical analysis; chemical reactions; colloidal materials; crystal form; data processing; digital simulation; electrochemical properties; electrolytes; experimental studies; geochemistry; goethite; iron oxides; laboratory studies; mineral surface; models; MUSIC model; numerical models; oxides; particulate materials; potentiometry; reagents; sample preparation; surface charge; surface reactions; synthesis; techniques; theoretical models; titration DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(02)00988-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular simulation of the magnetite-water interface AN - 52003821; 2003-027747 AB - This paper reports molecular dynamics simulations of the magnetite (001)-water interface, both in pure water and in the presence of a 2.3 molal solution of NaClO (sub 4) . The simulations are carried out using a potential model designed to allow the protonation states of the surface functional groups to evolve dynamically through the molecular dynamics trajectory. The primary structural quantities investigated are the populations of the surface functional groups, the distribution of electrolyte in the solution, and the surface hydrogen bonding relationships. The surface protonation states are dominated by extensive hydrolysis of interfacial water molecules, giving rise to a dipolar surface dominated by FeOH (sub 2) (super +) -OH (sub 2) -OH (super -) arrangements. Triply coordinated, more deeply buried, surface sites are inert, probably due to the relative lack of solvent in their vicinity. The electrolyte distribution is oscillatory, arranging preferentially in layers defined by the solvating water molecules. The presence of electrolyte has a negligible effect on the protonation states of the surface functional groups. Steady-state behavior is obtained for the protonation states of the surface functional groups and hydrogen-bonding network. Although the overall structure of the electrolyte distribution is fairly well established, the electrolyte distribution has not fully equilibrated, as evidenced by the asymmetry in the distribution from the top to the bottom of the slab. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Rustad, James R AU - Felmy, Andrew R AU - Bylaska, Eric J A2 - Becker, Udo A2 - Rosso, Kevin M. Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 1001 EP - 1016 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 67 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - water KW - sodium chloride KW - iron oxides KW - coordination KW - data processing KW - mineral-water interface KW - electrolytes KW - crystal structure KW - protons KW - chemical reactions KW - digital simulation KW - parallel processing KW - theoretical models KW - oxides KW - surface reactions KW - molecular dynamics KW - crystal chemistry KW - geochemistry KW - mineral surface KW - magnetite KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52003821?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Molecular+simulation+of+the+magnetite-water+interface&rft.au=Rustad%2C+James+R%3BFelmy%2C+Andrew+R%3BBylaska%2C+Eric+J&rft.aulast=Rustad&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1001&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2802%2900900-6 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2001 Goldschmidt meeting, symposium on Advances in oxide and sulfide mineral surface chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 39 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical reactions; coordination; crystal chemistry; crystal structure; data processing; digital simulation; electrolytes; geochemistry; iron oxides; magnetite; mineral surface; mineral-water interface; molecular dynamics; oxides; parallel processing; protons; sodium chloride; surface reactions; theoretical models; water DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(02)00900-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Metal island growth and dynamics on molybdenite surfaces AN - 52003605; 2003-027741 AB - In order to understand the adsorption mechanism of metal atoms to semiconducting surfaces, we have studied, as a model system, the vapor phase adsorption of Ag, Au, and Cu on the (001) surface of molybdenite (MoS (sub 2) ) and the subsequent surface diffusion of these adsorbates. Our scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) images show that, depending on the type of metal atom that is adsorbed, islands of a characteristic size (2 nm for Ag, 8 to 10 nm for Cu, two distinct sizes of 2 nm and 8 to 10 nm for Au), shape (well rounded in the lateral extension) and thickness (one monolayer for Ag, 1 to 1.5 nm for Cu) are formed during the initial stages of deposition. Whole islands are observed to surface diffuse without loss of size or shape. Despite the relatively large size of the copper islands on molybdenite, these islands surface diffuse extensively, suggesting that the Cu-S interaction is weak. Surface diffusion is only hindered once individual islands start to coalesce. As copper islands accumulate, the size and shape of the original islands can still be recognized, supporting the conclusion that these characteristics are constant and that monolayer growth occurs by the aggregation of islands across the surface. The strength and the nature of the Ag-S(MoS (sub 2) ) bond were further investigated by using molecular orbital calculations, ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) and scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS). By applying quantum mechanical approaches using a two-dimensional periodic molybdenite slab and hexagonal MoS (sub 2) clusters of different sizes with metal atoms adsorbed to them, it is possible to calculate the electron transfer between the mineral surface and the metal atom as well as the adsorption energy as a function of surface coverage. In addition, we used the results from the quantum mechanical runs to derive empirical potentials that model the characteristics of the forces within the crystal, within the adsorbed islands, and the metal and mineral surface. The combination of quantum mechanical calculations and empirical force field calculations explain the electronic structure and the highest stability of Ag islands that have seven atoms in diameter, which exactly agrees with the size of experimentally observed islands. UPS results also suggest that a specific new state is formed (approximately 4.5 eV into the valence band) which may describe the Ag-S bond because it does not occur in pure silver or molybdenite. This study shows how the combination of microscopic (STM), spectroscopic (STS, UPS), compositional (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, XPS) and molecular modeling (quantum mechanical and empirical) techniques is a useful approach to understand the nature of the metal to sulfide bond. Further insights may be gained concerning the natural association of certain metals with sulfides. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Becker, Udo AU - Rosso, Kevin M AU - Weaver, Robert AU - Warren, Michele AU - Hochella, Michael F, Jr A2 - Becker, Udo A2 - Rosso, Kevin M. Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 923 EP - 934 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 67 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - experimental studies KW - diffusion KW - copper KW - silver KW - electron microscopy data KW - crystal growth KW - bonding KW - adsorption KW - STM data KW - laboratory studies KW - scanning tunneling microscopy data KW - chemical reactions KW - metals KW - ultraviolet spectra KW - sulfur KW - surface reactions KW - spectra KW - gold KW - X-ray photoelectron spectra KW - sulfides KW - mobility KW - mineral surface KW - molybdenite KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52003605?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Metal+island+growth+and+dynamics+on+molybdenite+surfaces&rft.au=Becker%2C+Udo%3BRosso%2C+Kevin+M%3BWeaver%2C+Robert%3BWarren%2C+Michele%3BHochella%2C+Michael+F%2C+Jr&rft.aulast=Becker&rft.aufirst=Udo&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=923&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2802%2901144-4 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2001 Goldschmidt meeting, symposium on Advances in oxide and sulfide mineral surface chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 34 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; bonding; chemical reactions; copper; crystal growth; diffusion; electron microscopy data; experimental studies; gold; laboratory studies; metals; mineral surface; mobility; molybdenite; scanning tunneling microscopy data; silver; spectra; STM data; sulfides; sulfur; surface reactions; ultraviolet spectra; X-ray photoelectron spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(02)01144-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Arsenite sorption on troilite (FeS) and pyrite (FeS (sub 2) ) AN - 52003412; 2003-027740 AB - Arsenic is a toxic metalloid whose mobility and availability are largely controlled by sorption on sulfide minerals in anoxic environments. Accordingly, we investigated reactions of As(III) with iron sulfide (FeS) and pyrite (FeS (sub 2) ) as a function of total arsenic concentration, suspension density, sulfide concentration, pH, and ionic strength. Arsenite partitioned strongly on both FeS and FeS (sub 2) under a range of conditions and conformed to a Langmuir isotherm at low surface coverages; a calculated site density of near 2.6 and 3.7 sites/nm (super 2) for FeS and FeS (sub 2) , respectively, was obtained. Arsenite sorbed most strongly at elevated pH (>5 to 6). Although solution data suggested the formation of surface precipitates only at elevated solution concentrations, surface precipitates were identified using X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) at all coverages. Sorbed As was coordinated to both sulfur [d(As-S) = 2.35 Aa] and iron [d(As-Fe) = 2.40 Aa], characteristic of As coordination in arsenopyrite (FeAsS). The absorption edge of sorbed As was also shifted relative to arsenite and orpiment (As (sub 2) S (sub 3) ), revealing As(III) reduction and a complete change in As local structure. Arsenic reduction was accompanied by oxidation of both surface S and Fe(II); the FeAsS-like surface precipitate was also susceptible to oxidation, possibly influencing the stability of As sorbed to sulfide minerals in the environment. Sulfide additions inhibit sorption despite the formation of a sulfide phase, suggesting that precipitation of arsenic sulfide is not occurring. Surface precipitation of As on FeS and FeS (sub 2) supports the observed correlation of arsenic and pyrite and other iron sulfides in anoxic sediments. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Bostick, Benjamin C AU - Fendorf, Scott A2 - Becker, Udo A2 - Rosso, Kevin M. Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 909 EP - 921 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 67 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - sorption KW - coordination KW - iron KW - XANES spectra KW - laboratory studies KW - chemical reactions KW - surface reactions KW - spectra KW - X-ray photoelectron spectra KW - geochemistry KW - troilite KW - synthetic materials KW - mineral surface KW - experimental studies KW - arsenic KW - X-ray spectra KW - arsenites KW - iron sulfides KW - metals KW - EXAFS data KW - sulfur KW - pyrite KW - crystal chemistry KW - sulfides KW - chemical fractionation KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52003412?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Arsenite+sorption+on+troilite+%28FeS%29+and+pyrite+%28FeS+%28sub+2%29+%29&rft.au=Bostick%2C+Benjamin+C%3BFendorf%2C+Scott&rft.aulast=Bostick&rft.aufirst=Benjamin&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=909&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2802%2901170-5 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2001 Goldschmidt meeting, symposium on Advances in oxide and sulfide mineral surface chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 75 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arsenic; arsenites; chemical fractionation; chemical reactions; coordination; crystal chemistry; EXAFS data; experimental studies; geochemistry; iron; iron sulfides; laboratory studies; metals; mineral surface; pyrite; sorption; spectra; sulfides; sulfur; surface reactions; synthetic materials; troilite; X-ray photoelectron spectra; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(02)01170-5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Surface oxidation of pyrite under ambient atmospheric and aqueous (pH = 2 to 10) conditions; electronic structure and mineralogy from X-ray absorption spectroscopy AN - 52003364; 2003-027738 AB - The nature of the surface oxidation phase on pyrite, FeS (sub 2) , reacted in aqueous electrolytes at pH = 2 to 10 and with air under ambient atmospheric conditions was studied using synchrotron-based oxygen K edge, sulfur L (sub III) edge, and iron L (sub II,III) edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy. We demonstrate that O K edge X-ray absorption spectra provide a sensitive probe of sulfide surface oxidation that is complementary to X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Using total electron yield detection, the top 20 to 50 Aa of the pyrite surface is characterized. In air, pyrite oxidizes to form predominantly ferric sulfate. In aqueous air-saturated solutions, the surface oxidation products of pyrite vary with pH, with a marked transition occurring around pH 4. Below pH = 4, a ferric (hydroxy)sulfate is the main oxidation product on the pyrite surface. At higher pH, we find iron(III) oxyhydroxide in addition to ferric (hydroxy)sulfate on the surface. Under the most alkaline conditions, the O K edge spectrum closely resembles that of goethite, FeOOH, and the surface is oxidized to the extent that no FeS (sub 2) can be detected in the X-ray absorption spectra. In a 1.667X10 (super -3) mol/L Fe (super 3+) solution with ferric iron present as FeCl (sub 3) in NaCl, the oxidation of pyrite is autocatalyzed, and formation of the surface iron(III) oxyhydroxide phase is promoted at low pH. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Todd, E C AU - Sherman, Dave M AU - Purton, J A A2 - Becker, Udo A2 - Rosso, Kevin M. Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 881 EP - 893 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 67 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - experimental studies KW - oxyhydroxides KW - oxidation KW - natural materials KW - mineral-water interface KW - electrolytes KW - electrochemical properties KW - X-ray spectra KW - iron hydroxides KW - synchrotron radiation KW - hydroxides KW - laboratory studies KW - Raman spectra KW - catalysis KW - chemical reactions KW - oxides KW - surface reactions KW - air KW - spectra KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - mineral surface KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52003364?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Surface+oxidation+of+pyrite+under+ambient+atmospheric+and+aqueous+%28pH+%3D+2+to+10%29+conditions%3B+electronic+structure+and+mineralogy+from+X-ray+absorption+spectroscopy&rft.au=Todd%2C+E+C%3BSherman%2C+Dave+M%3BPurton%2C+J+A&rft.aulast=Todd&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=881&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2802%2900957-2 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2001 Goldschmidt meeting, symposium on Advances in oxide and sulfide mineral surface chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 46 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air; catalysis; chemical reactions; electrochemical properties; electrolytes; experimental studies; geochemistry; hydroxides; iron hydroxides; laboratory studies; mineral surface; mineral-water interface; natural materials; oxidation; oxides; oxyhydroxides; pH; Raman spectra; spectra; surface reactions; synchrotron radiation; X-ray spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(02)00957-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Natural realgar and amorphous AsS oxidation kinetics AN - 52003326; 2003-027736 AB - The oxidation rates of natural realgar and amorphous synthetic AsS by dissolved oxygen were evaluated using mixed flow reactors at pH 7.2 to 8.8 and dissolved oxygen contents of 5.9 to 16.5 ppm over a temperature range of 25 to 40 degrees C. The ratios of As/S are stoichiometric for all amorphous AsS oxidation experiments except for two experiments conducted at pH approximately 8.8. In these experiments, stoichiometric ratios of As/S were only observed in the early stages of AsS (am) oxidation whereas lower As/S ratios were observed during steady state. For realgar oxidation experiments, the As/S ratio is less than the stoichiometric ratio of realgar, ranging between 0.61 and 0.71. This nonstoichiometric release of As and S to solution indicates that realgar oxidation is more selective for S after the rates of oxidation become constant. All measured oxidation rates at 25 degrees C can be described within experimental uncertainties as follows: Rate Expression: R (sub Realgar/As)) = 10 (super -9.63(+ or -0.41)) [DO] (super 0.51(+ or -0.08)) [H (super +) ] (super -0.28(+ or -0.05)) --Activation Energy (kJ/mol): 64.2+ or -9.8; Rate Expression: R (sub (Realgar/S)) = 10 (super -9.74(+ or -0.35)) [DO] (super 0.54(+ or -0.05)) [H (super +) ] (super -0.31(+ or -0.04)) --Activation Energy (kJ/mol): 62.2+ or -9.0; Rate Expression: R (sub (AsS(am))) = 10 (super -13.65(+ or -0.82)) [DO] (super 0.92(+ or -0.08)) [H (super +) ] (super -1.09(+ or -0.10)) --Activation Energy (kJ/mol): 124+ or -18.8; where R signifies the steady-state oxidation rate (mol m (super -2) s (super -1) ), [DO] is dissolved oxygen concentration (M), and [H (super +) ] is the proton concentration (M). Arsenic (III) and As(V) are both present in solution, and As(III) is the dominant species in most experiments. Intermediate sulfur species besides sulfate, sulfite, and thiosulfate are the important products during realgar and AsS (am) oxidation. Comparison of realgar and AsS (am) oxidation rates shows that at similar conditions, the rates of AsS (am) are always faster by about a factor ranging from 2 to 38. The oxidation of realgar involves breaking bonds in the realgar crystal, whereas AsS (am) oxidation does not include crystallographic framework destruction due to the amorphous nature of the solid. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Lengke, Maggy F AU - Tempel, Regina N A2 - Becker, Udo A2 - Rosso, Kevin M. Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 859 EP - 871 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 67 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - chemical weathering KW - experimental studies KW - amorphous materials KW - pollutants KW - oxidation KW - natural materials KW - arsenic KW - pollution KW - mineral-water interface KW - weathering KW - realgar KW - laboratory studies KW - chemical reactions KW - metals KW - sulfides KW - stoichiometry KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - synthetic materials KW - pH KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52003326?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Natural+realgar+and+amorphous+AsS+oxidation+kinetics&rft.au=Lengke%2C+Maggy+F%3BTempel%2C+Regina+N&rft.aulast=Lengke&rft.aufirst=Maggy&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=859&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2802%2901227-9 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2001 Goldschmidt meeting, symposium on Advances in oxide and sulfide mineral surface chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - amorphous materials; arsenic; chemical reactions; chemical weathering; experimental studies; geochemistry; kinetics; laboratory studies; metals; mineral-water interface; natural materials; oxidation; pH; pollutants; pollution; realgar; stoichiometry; sulfides; synthetic materials; weathering DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(02)01227-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Arsenite adsorption on galena (PbS) and sphalerite (ZnS) AN - 52002790; 2003-027739 AB - Arsenite, As(III), sorption on galena (PbS) and sphalerite (ZnS) was investigated as a function of solution composition and characterized using X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). Adsorption conformed to a Langmuir isotherm except at the highest surface loadings, and it was not strongly affected by changes in ionic strength. Arsenite sorbed appreciably only at pH > approximately 5 for PbS and pH approximately 4.5 for ZnS, behavior distinct from its adsorption on other substrates. Arsenite adsorption on PbS and ZnS resulted in the conversion from As-O to As-S coordination. Arsenite does not adsorb through ligand-exchange of surface hydroxyl or sulfhydryl groups. Rather, it forms a polynuclear arsenic sulfide complex on ZnS and PbS consistent with the As (sub 3) S (sub 3) (SH) (sub 3) trimer postulated by for sulfidic solutions. This complex was unstable in the presence of oxidizing agents and synchrotron light--it quickly converted to As(V), which was largely retained by the surface. These data illustrate the complexity of As(III) adsorption to even simple sulfide minerals. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Bostick, Benjamin C AU - Fendorf, Scott AU - Manning, Bruce A A2 - Becker, Udo A2 - Rosso, Kevin M. Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 895 EP - 907 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 67 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - experimental studies KW - lead sulfides KW - arsenic KW - sphalerite KW - crystal structure KW - adsorption KW - X-ray spectra KW - XANES spectra KW - laboratory studies KW - galena KW - arsenites KW - chemical reactions KW - metals KW - zinc sulfides KW - surface reactions KW - spectra KW - crystal chemistry KW - sulfides KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - mineral surface KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52002790?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Arsenite+adsorption+on+galena+%28PbS%29+and+sphalerite+%28ZnS%29&rft.au=Bostick%2C+Benjamin+C%3BFendorf%2C+Scott%3BManning%2C+Bruce+A&rft.aulast=Bostick&rft.aufirst=Benjamin&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=895&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2802%2900959-6 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2001 Goldschmidt meeting, symposium on Advances in oxide and sulfide mineral surface chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 56 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; arsenic; arsenites; chemical reactions; crystal chemistry; crystal structure; experimental studies; galena; geochemistry; laboratory studies; lead sulfides; metals; mineral surface; pH; spectra; sphalerite; sulfides; surface reactions; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra; zinc sulfides DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(02)00959-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring fundamental reactions at NiAsS surfaces by synchrotron radiation X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; As and S air oxidation by consecutive reaction schemes AN - 52002732; 2003-027735 AB - Synchrotron X-ray photoelectron As 3d and S 2p spectra of gersdorffite reveal that the surface monolayer includes two types of surface anionic species, As-S dimers and As-S multimers (probably tetramers), the latter being the product of a polymeric surface reaction, implying that the surface undergoes some reconstruction. Monomeric states of S and As may also be present at the surface. Formation of the tetramers is energetically favored in that two dangling bonds are eliminated with formation of each tetrameric surface species. Reaction of air with NiAsS is initiated by oxidation of As surface species, which is rapid compared with oxidation of sulfur species. Oxidation of both As and S proceeds by production of numerous intermediate reaction products in which As and S display intermediate oxidation states. The abundances of sulfur and arsenic intermediate oxidation products initially increase, achieve maxima, then decrease as the final oxidation products (arsenate and sulfate) accumulate. These trends in abundance suggest that air oxidation of As and S proceeds by consecutive reaction schemes and that the elementary reactions of these schemes involve transfer of only one electron per reaction step. Sulfur is the most electronegative of the surface atoms, and the associated dangling bond likely contains a lone pair of electrons, thus imparting diamagnetic character to the surface atom. Arsenic surface atoms should have greater tendency toward paramagnetic character, and this may explain the greater rate of As oxidation during exposure of gersdorffite to the atmosphere. Air-oxidized fractured surfaces and polished surfaces of NiAsS rapidly develop an overlayer containing primarily As-bearing species in both reduced and oxidized forms. The oxidized overlayer is, by contrast, virtually devoid of S and Ni, demonstrating preferential diffusion of As from the bulk into the overlayer. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Nesbitt, H W AU - Schaufuss, A AU - Sciani, M AU - Hoechst, H AU - Bancroft, G M AU - Szargan, R A2 - Becker, Udo A2 - Rosso, Kevin M. Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 845 EP - 858 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 67 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - experimental studies KW - oxidation KW - arsenic KW - bonding KW - synchrotron radiation KW - laboratory studies KW - chemical reactions KW - arsenides KW - metals KW - sulfur KW - surface reactions KW - air KW - spectra KW - X-ray photoelectron spectra KW - crystal chemistry KW - sulfides KW - geochemistry KW - mineral surface KW - gersdorffite KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52002732?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Monitoring+fundamental+reactions+at+NiAsS+surfaces+by+synchrotron+radiation+X-ray+photoelectron+spectroscopy%3B+As+and+S+air+oxidation+by+consecutive+reaction+schemes&rft.au=Nesbitt%2C+H+W%3BSchaufuss%2C+A%3BSciani%2C+M%3BHoechst%2C+H%3BBancroft%2C+G+M%3BSzargan%2C+R&rft.aulast=Nesbitt&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=845&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2802%2900944-4 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2001 Goldschmidt meeting, symposium on Advances in oxide and sulfide mineral surface chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 43 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air; arsenic; arsenides; bonding; chemical reactions; crystal chemistry; experimental studies; geochemistry; gersdorffite; laboratory studies; metals; mineral surface; oxidation; spectra; sulfides; sulfur; surface reactions; synchrotron radiation; X-ray photoelectron spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(02)00944-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pyrite oxidation; a state-of-the-art assessment of the reaction mechanism AN - 52002449; 2003-027737 AB - The oxidation of pyrite to release ferrous iron and sulfate ions to solution involves the transfer of seven electrons from each sulfur atom in the mineral to an aqueous oxidant. Because only one or, at most, two electrons can be transferred at a time, the overall oxidation process is quite complex. Furthermore, pyrite is a semiconductor, so the electrons are transferred from sulfur atoms at an anodic site, where oxygen atoms from water molecules attach to the sulfur atoms to form sulfoxy species, through the crystal to cathodic Fe(II) sites, where they are acquired by the oxidant species. The reaction at the cathodic sites is the rate-determining step for the overall process. This paper maps out the most important steps in this overall process. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Rimstidt, J Donald AU - Vaughan, David J A2 - Becker, Udo A2 - Rosso, Kevin M. Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 873 EP - 880 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 67 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - sulfate ion KW - oxidation KW - mechanism KW - electrochemical properties KW - iron KW - ferrous iron KW - theoretical studies KW - chemical reactions KW - metals KW - theoretical models KW - surface reactions KW - pyrite KW - sulfides KW - geochemistry KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52002449?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Pyrite+oxidation%3B+a+state-of-the-art+assessment+of+the+reaction+mechanism&rft.au=Rimstidt%2C+J+Donald%3BVaughan%2C+David+J&rft.aulast=Rimstidt&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=873&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2802%2901165-1 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2001 Goldschmidt meeting, symposium on Advances in oxide and sulfide mineral surface chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 49 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical reactions; electrochemical properties; ferrous iron; geochemistry; iron; mechanism; metals; oxidation; pyrite; sulfate ion; sulfides; surface reactions; theoretical models; theoretical studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(02)01165-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Proximity effects on semiconducting mineral surfaces; II, Distance dependence of indirect interactions AN - 52002439; 2003-027743 AB - In a previous study, we described proximity effects on surfaces of the semiconducting minerals galena and pyrite, whereby a chemical reaction at one surface site modifies the reactivity of a remote surface site several Angstroms or even nanometers away (Becker et al., 2001). The modification of interest does not arise because of a direct "through space" interaction between the two sites, but rather an indirect interaction via the electronic structure of the substrate. Here we investigate the distance and direction dependence of proximity effects using quantum mechanical modeling. The direct and indirect interactions between co-adsorbed oxygen atoms and between adsorbed oxygen atoms and point defects on vacuum-terminated galena (100) surfaces were modeled. Density functional theory cluster and plane wave pseudopotential calculations were used to calculate the modifications to the adsorption energy as a function of separation. Energy-distance plots indicate that the proximity effect energy can become very strong at separations decreasing below about 5 to 6 Aa, and persist at increasing separations up to 12 Aa in a slowly decaying form. A strong attractive indirect interaction out-competes direct electrostatic repulsion for O-vacancy interactions. An oscillatory asymptotic behavior is found for co-adsorbed O-O indirect interactions, which indicates that the proximity effect energy can vary with surface crystallographic direction. It implies the presence of a strong organizing force on like adatoms that may explain the progressive oxidation of certain sulfide minerals by patchwork growth. These findings begin to pave the way for improved adsorption isotherms and extended surface complexation models that will include the specific influence of semiconductor-type proximity effects. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Rosso, Kevin M AU - Becker, Udo A2 - Becker, Udo A2 - Rosso, Kevin M. Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 941 EP - 953 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 67 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - oxygen KW - quantum mechanics KW - electrostatic properties KW - electrochemical properties KW - boundary conditions KW - point defects KW - galena KW - chemical reactions KW - semiconductors KW - theoretical models KW - surface reactions KW - crystal chemistry KW - sulfides KW - geochemistry KW - mineral surface KW - electrons KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52002439?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Proximity+effects+on+semiconducting+mineral+surfaces%3B+II%2C+Distance+dependence+of+indirect+interactions&rft.au=Rosso%2C+Kevin+M%3BBecker%2C+Udo&rft.aulast=Rosso&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=941&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2802%2900990-0 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2001 Goldschmidt meeting, symposium on Advances in oxide and sulfide mineral surface chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 51 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - SuppNotes - For reference to Part 1 see Becker, U., Rosso, K. M., and Hochella, M. F., Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta., Vol. 65, p. 2641-2649, 2001 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boundary conditions; chemical reactions; crystal chemistry; electrochemical properties; electrons; electrostatic properties; galena; geochemistry; mineral surface; oxygen; point defects; quantum mechanics; semiconductors; sulfides; surface reactions; theoretical models DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(02)00990-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - First principles studies of the surface of galena PbS AN - 52002408; 2003-027730 AB - Ab initio calculations of the surface structure and properties of the (001) surface of galena (PbS) have been performed using two complementary approaches. Both Gaussian and numerical basis functions have been utilized, as embodied within the programs CRYSTAL98 and SIESTA, with their associated implementations, in order to determine to what extent computational factors are influencing the results. Relaxations are presented based on calculations employing the HF, B3LYP, LDA, and GGA Hamiltonians. Significant relaxations (up to about 0.2 Aa) are found to occur at the surface which decay with increasing depth into the bulk. The magnitude of the relaxation oscillates between layers, leading to pairing, with Pb ions being displaced outwards (by approximately 0.05 Aa) relative to the S ions. We find that the LDA, GGA, and B3LYP Hamiltonians give results in reasonable agreement with each other, but that the structures computed with HF theory are vastly different. The present calculations also predict a surface core level shift of 0.3 eV for the sulphur 2p level at the surface itself, in excellent agreement with a recent experimental determination. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Muscat, J AU - Gale, J D A2 - Becker, Udo A2 - Rosso, Kevin M. Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 799 EP - 805 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 67 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - numerical models KW - data processing KW - crystal structure KW - computer programs KW - galena KW - CRYSTAL98 KW - digital simulation KW - theoretical models KW - SIESTA KW - crystal chemistry KW - sulfides KW - mineral surface KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52002408?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=First+principles+studies+of+the+surface+of+galena+PbS&rft.au=Muscat%2C+J%3BGale%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Muscat&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=799&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2802%2900978-X L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2001 Goldschmidt meeting, symposium on Advances in oxide and sulfide mineral surface chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - computer programs; crystal chemistry; crystal structure; CRYSTAL98; data processing; digital simulation; galena; mineral surface; numerical models; SIESTA; sulfides; theoretical models DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(02)00978-X ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Kinetics and mechanisms of the leaching of low Fe sphalerite AN - 52002392; 2003-027733 AB - The surface speciation and leaching kinetics of 38- to 75-mu m sphalerite (0.45 wt.% Fe) particles reacted in O (sub 2) purged perchloric acid (at pH 1.0) at 25, 40, 60, and 85 degrees C over a leach period of 144 h were investigated. In all cases, an initial rapid leach rate is observed followed by a slower leach rate. These two leach regimes can each be adequately modeled using straight-line interpolation, and thus two activation energies (E (sub a) ) have been derived. E (sub a) for the fast and slow Zn dissolution rates were 33+ or -4 kJ mol (super -1) and 34+ or -4 kJ mol (super -1) respectively, suggesting the same rate-determining step. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Weisener, C G AU - Smart, Roger St C AU - Gerson, Andrea R A2 - Becker, Udo A2 - Rosso, Kevin M. Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 823 EP - 830 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 67 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - mechanism KW - mass spectra KW - solution KW - iron KW - laboratory studies KW - activation energy KW - chemical reactions KW - surface reactions KW - spectra KW - X-ray photoelectron spectra KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - mineral surface KW - experimental studies KW - acids KW - acid mine drainage KW - sphalerite KW - pollution KW - mineral-water interface KW - metals KW - leaching KW - sulfides KW - chemical fractionation KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52002392?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Kinetics+and+mechanisms+of+the+leaching+of+low+Fe+sphalerite&rft.au=Weisener%2C+C+G%3BSmart%2C+Roger+St+C%3BGerson%2C+Andrea+R&rft.aulast=Weisener&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=823&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2802%2901276-0 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2001 Goldschmidt meeting, symposium on Advances in oxide and sulfide mineral surface chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid mine drainage; acids; activation energy; chemical fractionation; chemical reactions; experimental studies; geochemistry; iron; kinetics; laboratory studies; leaching; mass spectra; mechanism; metals; mineral surface; mineral-water interface; pH; pollution; solution; spectra; sphalerite; sulfides; surface reactions; X-ray photoelectron spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(02)01276-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A quantum chemical investigation of the oxidation and dissolution mechanisms of galena AN - 52002358; 2003-027732 AB - The oxidation and dissolution mechanisms of galena (PbS) remain uncertain with a wide variety of possible mechanisms having been proposed in the literature. In this study, the thermodynamic viability of some possible mechanisms has been tested using semi-empirical quantum chemical calculations applied to a perfect (001) galena surface. The adsorption of O (sub 2) and H (sub 2) O has been examined in both the gaseous and aqueous environments. In agreement with previous ab initio quantum chemical calculations, the surface induced dissociation of H (sub 2) O in either environment was found to be energetically unfavourable. However, the dissociative adsorption of O (sub 2) was found to be possible and resulted in two O atoms bonded to diagonally adjacent S atoms with the O atoms oriented along the diagonal. The adsorption of H (super +) and possible subsequent dissolution mechanisms have been examined in the aqueous environment. An anaerobic mechanism leading to the dissolution of hydroxylated Pb (super 2+) was identified. The mechanism involves the protonation of 3 surface S atoms surrounding a central surface Pb atom followed by substitution of this Pb by a further H (super +) . The activation energy of this mechanism was estimated to be nearly equal 100 kJ mol (super -1) . Pb (super 2+) dissolution could only occur with vacancy stabilisation by a H (super +) . The analogous mechanisms for systems comprising H (super +) adsorbed on either 2 or 4 of the S atoms surrounding a central surface Pb were not found to be energetically viable. Subsequent dissolution of one of the protonated S atoms to form H (sub 2) S (sub (g)) was not found to be possible thus indicating the likely formation of a Pb-deficient S-rich surface under acidic anaerobic conditions. Acidic aerobic dissolution has also been examined. Congruent dissolution to form H (sub 2) SO (sub 4) and Pb (super 2+) .6H (sub 2) O is energetically viable. The dissolution of one of the protonated S atoms neighbouring the Pb (super 2+) vacancy, resulting from the anaerobic dissolution, to form H (sub 2) SO (sub 4) , is also possible. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Gerson, Andrea R AU - O'Dea, Anthony R A2 - Becker, Udo A2 - Rosso, Kevin M. Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 813 EP - 822 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 67 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - water KW - COSMO model KW - oxygen KW - oxidation KW - data processing KW - mineral-water interface KW - adsorption KW - solution KW - activation energy KW - galena KW - chemical reactions KW - digital simulation KW - theoretical models KW - surface reactions KW - thermodynamic properties KW - sulfides KW - geochemistry KW - mineral surface KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52002358?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=A+quantum+chemical+investigation+of+the+oxidation+and+dissolution+mechanisms+of+galena&rft.au=Gerson%2C+Andrea+R%3BO%27Dea%2C+Anthony+R&rft.aulast=Gerson&rft.aufirst=Andrea&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=813&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2802%2901147-X L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2001 Goldschmidt meeting, symposium on Advances in oxide and sulfide mineral surface chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 42 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 7 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - activation energy; adsorption; chemical reactions; COSMO model; data processing; digital simulation; galena; geochemistry; mineral surface; mineral-water interface; oxidation; oxygen; solution; sulfides; surface reactions; theoretical models; thermodynamic properties; water DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(02)01147-X ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interlayer structure and dynamics of Cl-bearing hydrotalcite; far infrared spectroscopy and molecular dynamics modeling AN - 52001760; 2003-027617 AB - Comparison of the observed far-infrared (FIR) spectrum of Cl-containing hydrotalcite, [Mg (sub 3) Al(OH) (sub 8) ]Cl (sub 3) H (sub 2) O, to a power spectrum calculated using molecular dynamics (MD) computer simulation, provides a greatly increased understanding of the structure and vibrational dynamics in the interlayers of layered double hydroxides. Good agreement between the observed FIR band positions and the simulated power spectrum illustrates the capability of this combination of experimental and computational techniques to effectively probe the structure and dynamics of water in nano-pores and other confined spaces. The simulation model assumes an ordered Mg (sub 3) Al arrangement in the octahedral sheet and no constraints on the movement of any atoms or on the geometry and symmetry of the simulation supercell. Calculated anisotropic components of the individual atomic power spectra in combination with computed animations of the vibrational modes from normal mode analysis allow for reliable interpretations of the observed spectral bands. For the vibrations related to octahedral cation motions, bands near 145, 180, and 250 cm (super -1) are due dominantly to Mg vibration in the c direction (perpendicular to the hydroxide layers), Al vibrations in the c direction, and Mg and Al vibrations in the a-b plane (parallel to the hydroxide layers), respectively. The low frequency vibrational motions of the interlayer are controlled by a network of hydrogen bonds formed between interlayer water molecules, Cl (super -) ions, and the OH groups of the main hydroxide layers. The bands near 40-70 cm (super -1) are related to the translational motions of interlayer Cl (super -) and H (sub 2) O in the a-b plane, and the bands near 120 cm (super -1) and 210 cm (super -1) are largely due to translational motions of the interlayer species in the c direction. The three librational modes of interlayer water molecules near 390, 450, and 540 cm (super -1) correspond to twisting, rocking, and wagging hindered rotations, respectively. The spectral components of the interlayer Cl-motions are remarkably similar to those of bulk aqueous chloride solutions, reflecting the structural and dynamic similarity of the nearest-neighbor Cl (super -) environments in the interlayer and in solution. JF - American Mineralogist AU - Wang, Jianwei AU - Kalinichev, Andrey G AU - Amonette, James E AU - Kirkpatrick, R James Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 398 EP - 409 PB - Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC VL - 88 IS - 2-3 SN - 0003-004X, 0003-004X KW - models KW - mineral interlayer KW - chlorine KW - hydrotalcite KW - halogens KW - crystal structure KW - spectra KW - molecular dynamics KW - carbonates KW - infrared spectra KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52001760?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=Interlayer+structure+and+dynamics+of+Cl-bearing+hydrotalcite%3B+far+infrared+spectroscopy+and+molecular+dynamics+modeling&rft.au=Wang%2C+Jianwei%3BKalinichev%2C+Andrey+G%3BAmonette%2C+James+E%3BKirkpatrick%2C+R+James&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Jianwei&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=398&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Mineralogist&rft.issn=0003004X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ammin.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 53 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AMMIAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbonates; chlorine; crystal structure; halogens; hydrotalcite; infrared spectra; mineral interlayer; models; molecular dynamics; spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Surface alteration of arsenopyrite (FeAsS) by Thiobacillus ferrooxidans AN - 50299950; 2003-027744 AB - The surface of arsenopyrite was characterized after acidic, oxidative leaching in the presence of the bacterial species Thiobacillus ferrooxidans. Polished single-crystal grains of arsenopyrite were reacted for 1, 2, and 3 weeks with T. ferrooxidans suspended in a solution (pH 2.3) of essential salts (MgSO (sub 4) .7H (sub 2) O, [NH (sub 4) ] (sub 2) SO (sub 4) , KH (sub 2) PO (sub 4) , and KCl). Abiotic control experiments were conducted in identical solutions. Reaction between arsenopyrite and T. ferrooxidans in the essential salts solution produced a uniform solid FePO (sub 4) overlayer ( approximately 0.2 mu m thick) on the arsenopyrite surface within 1 week. The overlayer was detected visually by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and chemically by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). It could not be distinguished by energy-dispersive X-ray analyses. No overlayer formed in the abiotic control. The uniform thickness and lateral continuity of the overlayer suggest an inorganic origin promoted by bacterial production of Fe (super 3+) . Iron released from arsenopyrite was oxidized by bacteria and subsequently precipitated with PO (sub 4) (super 3-) (from the essential salts), forming ferric phosphate. After 2 and 3 weeks, SEM images revealed a roughened arsenopyrite surface, and XPS depth profiles indicated a progressively thicker phosphate overlayer and continued oxidation, diffusion, and dissolution of arsenopyrite beneath the overlayer. After only 1 week, the cells were isolated from the arsenopyrite surface by the uniform overlayer. Therefore, bacteria need not be attached to arsenopyrite to promote rapid reaction, and the mechanism of alteration at the arsenopyrite surface must have been inorganic. Because the delicate overlayer did not prevent continued alteration of arsenopyrite, FePO (sub 4) may not be an effective barrier to oxidation in the tailings environment. The FePO (sub 4) coating has likely formed in other experiments using these bacteria but was not detected because analytical techniques were not sufficiently surface sensitive to identify a separate, compositionally distinct overlayer. Some previous experimental results thus may be misleading or inapplicable to the tailings environment. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Jones, R A AU - Koval, S F AU - Nesbitt, H W A2 - Becker, Udo A2 - Rosso, Kevin M. Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 955 EP - 965 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 67 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - alteration KW - iron KW - laboratory studies KW - ferric iron KW - Acidithiobacillus KW - chemical reactions KW - Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans KW - arsenides KW - Thiobacillus KW - acidic composition KW - surface reactions KW - applications KW - spectra KW - X-ray photoelectron spectra KW - geochemistry KW - Bacillus KW - pH KW - mineral surface KW - experimental studies KW - oxidation KW - pollution KW - mineral-water interface KW - phosphate ion KW - biogenic processes KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - arsenopyrite KW - leaching KW - tailings KW - sulfides KW - SEM data KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50299950?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Surface+alteration+of+arsenopyrite+%28FeAsS%29+by+Thiobacillus+ferrooxidans&rft.au=Jones%2C+R+A%3BKoval%2C+S+F%3BNesbitt%2C+H+W&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=955&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2802%2900996-1 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2001 Goldschmidt meeting, symposium on Advances in oxide and sulfide mineral surface chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 45 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidic composition; Acidithiobacillus; Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans; alteration; applications; arsenides; arsenopyrite; Bacillus; bacteria; biogenic processes; chemical reactions; experimental studies; ferric iron; geochemistry; iron; laboratory studies; leaching; metals; mineral surface; mineral-water interface; oxidation; pH; phosphate ion; pollution; precipitation; SEM data; spectra; sulfides; surface reactions; tailings; Thiobacillus; X-ray photoelectron spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(02)00996-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High mass measurement accuracy determination for proteomics using multivariate regression fitting: application to electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. AN - 85235788; pmid-12585471 AB - Important factors that limit the mass measurement accuracy from a mass spectrometer are related to (1) the type of mass analyzer used and (2) the data processing/calibration methods used to obtain mass values from the raw data. Here, two data processing methods are presented that correct for systematic deviations when the mass of ions is measured using a time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometer. The first fitting method is one where m/z values are obtained from fitting peak distributions using double Gaussian functions. A second calibration method takes into account the slight nonlinear response of the TOF analyzer in addition to the drift in the calibration over time. Using multivariate regression, both of these two effects can be corrected for using a single calibration formula. Achievable performance was evaluated with a trypsin digestion of serum albumin and proteins from the organism D. radiodurans that was analyzed using gradient reversed-phase liquid chromatography combined with an electrospray ionization orthogonal TOF mass spectrometer. The root-mean-square deviation between the theoretical and experimental m/z values for serum albumin tryptic peptides was found to be 8 ppm using the double Gaussian-multivariate method compared to 29 ppm determined using linear calibration and normal peak centroiding. An advantage of the methods presented here is that no calibrant compounds need to be added to the mobile phase, thereby avoiding interference effects and signal suppression of analytes. JF - Analytical Chemistry AU - Strittmatter, Eric F AU - Rodriguez, Nestor AU - Smith, Richard D AD - Environmental and Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MSIN: K8-98, Richland, Washington 99352, USA. PY - 2003 SP - 460 EP - 468 VL - 75 IS - 3 SN - 0003-2700, 0003-2700 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85235788?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+Chemistry&rft.atitle=High+mass+measurement+accuracy+determination+for+proteomics+using+multivariate+regression+fitting%3A+application+to+electrospray+ionization+time-of-flight+mass+spectrometry.&rft.au=Strittmatter%2C+Eric+F%3BRodriguez%2C+Nestor%3BSmith%2C+Richard+D&rft.aulast=Strittmatter&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=460&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+Chemistry&rft.issn=00032700&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - eng DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An automated method of MFRSR calibration for aerosol optical depth analysis with application to an Asian dust outbreak over the United States AN - 51766509; 2005-007987 AB - Over the past decade, networks of Multifilter Rotating Shadowband Radiometers (MFRSR) and automated sun photometers have been established in the United States to monitor aerosol properties. The MFRSR alternately measures diffuse and global irradiance in six narrow spectral bands and a broadband channel of the solar spectrum, from which the direct normal component for each may be inferred. Its 500-nm channel mimics sun photometer measurements and thus is a source of aerosol optical depth information. Automatic data reduction methods are needed because of the high volume of data produced by the MFRSR. In addition, these instruments are often not calibrated for absolute irradiance and must be periodically calibrated for optical depth analysis using the Langley method. This process involves extrapolation to the signal the MFRSR would measure at the top of the atmosphere (I (sub lambda 0) ). Here, an automated clear-sky identification algorithm is used to screen MFRSR 500-nm measurements for suitable calibration data. The clear-sky MFRSR measurements are subsequently used to construct a set of calibration Langley plots from which a mean I (sub lambda 0) is computed. This calibration I (sub lambda 0) may be subsequently applied to any MFRSR 500-nm measurement within the calibration period to retrieve aerosol optical depth. This method is tested on a 2-month MFRSR dataset from the Table Mountain NOAA Surface Radiation Budget Network (SURFRAD) station near Boulder, Colorado. The resultant I (sub lambda 0) is applied to two Asian dust-related high air pollution episodes that occurred within the calibration period on 13 and 17 April 2001. Computed aerosol optical depths for 17 April range from approximately 0.30 to 0.40, and those for 13 April vary from background levels to >0.30. Errors in these retrievals were estimated to range from + or -0.01 to + or -0.05, depending on the solar zenith angle. The calculations are compared with independent MFRSR-based aerosol optical depth retrievals at the Pawnee National Grasslands, 85 km to the northeast of Table Mountain, and to sun-photometer-derived aerosol optical depths at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory in Golden, Colorado, 50 km to the south. Both the Table Mountain and Golden stations are situated within a few kilometers of the Front Range of the Rocky Mountains, whereas the Pawnee station is on the eastern plains of Colorado. Time series of aerosol optical depth from Pawnee and Table Mountain stations compare well for 13 April when, according to the Naval Aerosol Analysis and Prediction System, an upper-level Asian dust plume enveloped most of Colorado. Aerosol optical depths at the Golden station for that event are generally greater than those at Table Mountain and Pawnee, possibly because of the proximity of Golden to Denver's urban aerosol plume. The dust over Colorado was primarily surface based on 17 April. On that day, aerosol optical depths at Table Mountain and Golden are similar but are 2 times the magnitude of those at Pawnee. This difference is attributed to meteorological conditions that favored air stagnation in the planetary boundary layer along the Front Range, and a west-to-east gradient in aerosol concentration. The magnitude and timing of the aerosol optical depth measurements at Table Mountain for these events are found to be consistent with independent measurements made at NASA Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) stations at Missoula, Montana, and at Bondville, Illinois. JF - Journal of Applied Meteorology AU - Augustine, John A AU - Cornwall, Christopher R AU - Hodges, Gary B AU - Long, Charles N AU - Medina, Carlos I AU - DeLuisi, John J Y1 - 2003/02// PY - 2003 DA - February 2003 SP - 266 EP - 278 PB - American Meteorological Society, Boston, MA VL - 42 IS - 2 SN - 0894-8763, 0894-8763 KW - United States KW - sediment transport KW - clastic sediments KW - pollution KW - calibration KW - environmental analysis KW - measurement KW - spatial distribution KW - optical properties KW - atmospheric transport KW - Western U.S. KW - dust KW - sediments KW - aerosols KW - air KW - wind transport KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51766509?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Applied+Meteorology&rft.atitle=An+automated+method+of+MFRSR+calibration+for+aerosol+optical+depth+analysis+with+application+to+an+Asian+dust+outbreak+over+the+United+States&rft.au=Augustine%2C+John+A%3BCornwall%2C+Christopher+R%3BHodges%2C+Gary+B%3BLong%2C+Charles+N%3BMedina%2C+Carlos+I%3BDeLuisi%2C+John+J&rft.aulast=Augustine&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=266&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Applied+Meteorology&rft.issn=08948763&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://journals.ametsoc.org/loi/apme LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 26 N1 - PubXState - MA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-15 N1 - CODEN - JAMOAX N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerosols; air; atmospheric transport; calibration; clastic sediments; dust; environmental analysis; measurement; optical properties; pollution; sediment transport; sediments; spatial distribution; United States; Western U.S.; wind transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Two case studies of highly insoluble plutonium inhalation with implications for bioassay. AN - 75743262; 14526943 AB - Two well characterised Pu inhalation cases show some remarkable similarities between substantially different types of Pu oxide. The circumstances of exposure, therapy, bioassay data, chemical solubility studies and dosimetry associated with these cases suggest that highly insoluble Pu may be more common than previously thought, and can pose significant challenges to bioassay programmes. JF - Radiation protection dosimetry AU - Carbaugh, E H AU - La Bone, T R AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, MSIN P7-01, Richland, WA 99352, USA. gene.carbaugh@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 133 EP - 138 VL - 105 IS - 1-4 SN - 0144-8420, 0144-8420 KW - Air Pollutants, Radioactive KW - 0 KW - Oxides KW - americium oxide KW - 12005-67-3 KW - Plutonium KW - 53023GN24M KW - Americium KW - VW92PHU2UY KW - Index Medicus KW - Oxides -- classification KW - Radiation Dosage KW - Computer Simulation KW - Oxides -- analysis KW - Body Burden KW - Humans KW - Oxides -- urine KW - Oxides -- pharmacokinetics KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Metabolic Clearance Rate KW - Organ Specificity KW - Air Pollutants, Radioactive -- urine KW - Lung -- metabolism KW - Bone and Bones -- metabolism KW - Feces -- chemistry KW - Models, Biological KW - Air Pollutants, Radioactive -- analysis KW - Thorax -- metabolism KW - Plutonium -- pharmacokinetics KW - Americium -- urine KW - Plutonium -- classification KW - Inhalation Exposure -- analysis KW - Plutonium -- urine KW - Americium -- analysis KW - Radiometry -- methods KW - Plutonium -- analysis KW - Occupational Exposure -- analysis KW - Americium -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75743262?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.atitle=Two+case+studies+of+highly+insoluble+plutonium+inhalation+with+implications+for+bioassay.&rft.au=Carbaugh%2C+E+H%3BLa+Bone%2C+T+R&rft.aulast=Carbaugh&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=133&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.issn=01448420&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-12-05 N1 - Date created - 2003-10-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Minimum detectable dose as a measure of bioassay programme capability. AN - 75739530; 14526994 AB - This paper suggests that minimum detectable dose (MDD) be used to describe the capability of bioassay programmes for which intakes are expected to be rare. This allows expression of the capability in units that correspond directly to primary dose limits. The concept uses the well established analytical statistic minimum detectable amount (MDA) as the starting point, and assumes MDA detection at a prescribed time post-intake. The resulting dose can then be used as an indication of the adequacy or capability of the programme for demonstrating compliance with the performance criteria. MDDs can be readily tabulated or plotted to demonstrate the effectiveness of different types of monitoring programmes. The inclusion of cost factors for bioassay measurements can allow optimisation. JF - Radiation protection dosimetry AU - Carbaugh, E H AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA. gene.carbaugh@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 391 EP - 394 VL - 105 IS - 1-4 SN - 0144-8420, 0144-8420 KW - Cesium Radioisotopes KW - 0 KW - Radioactive Pollutants KW - Radioisotopes KW - Strontium Radioisotopes KW - Index Medicus KW - Cesium Radioisotopes -- analysis KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Radiation Dosage KW - Computer Simulation KW - Cesium Radioisotopes -- pharmacokinetics KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Body Burden KW - Humans KW - Radioactive Pollutants -- analysis KW - Strontium Radioisotopes -- pharmacokinetics KW - Radioactive Pollutants -- pharmacokinetics KW - Strontium Radioisotopes -- analysis KW - Inhalation Exposure -- analysis KW - North Carolina KW - Whole-Body Counting KW - Radioisotopes -- pharmacokinetics KW - Radioisotopes -- analysis KW - Radiometry -- methods KW - Models, Biological UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75739530?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.atitle=Minimum+detectable+dose+as+a+measure+of+bioassay+programme+capability.&rft.au=Carbaugh%2C+E+H&rft.aulast=Carbaugh&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=391&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.issn=01448420&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-12-05 N1 - Date created - 2003-10-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessments for high dose radionuclide therapy treatment planning. AN - 75735398; 14527031 AB - Advances in the biotechnology of cell specific targeting of cancer and the increased number of clinical trials involving treatment of cancer patients with radiolabelled antibodies, peptides and similar delivery vehicles have led to an increase in the number of high dose radionuclide therapy procedures. Optimised radionuclide therapy for cancer treatment is based on the concept of absorbed dose to the dose limiting normal organ or tissue. The limiting normal tissue is often the red marrow, but it may sometimes be the lungs, liver, intestinal tract or kidneys. Appropriate treatment planning requires assessment of radiation dose to several internal organs and tissues, and usually involves biodistribution studies in the patient using a tracer amount of radionuclide bound to the targeting agent and imaged at sequential timepoints using a planar gamma camera. Time-activity curves are developed from the imaging data for the major organ tissues of concern, for the whole body and sometimes for selected tumours. Patient specific factors often require that dose estimates be customised for each patient. In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration regulates the experimental use of investigational new drugs and requires 'reasonable calculation of radiation absorbed dose to the whole body and to critical organs' using the methods prescribed by the Medical Internal Radiation Dose (MIRD) Committee of the Society of Nuclear Medicine. Review of high dose studies shows that some are conducted with minimal dosimetry, that the marrow dose is difficult to establish and is subject to large uncertainties. Despite the general availability of software, internal dosimetry methods often seem to be inconsistent from one clinical centre to another. JF - Radiation protection dosimetry AU - Fisher, D R AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, WA 99352, USA. dr.fisher@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 581 EP - 586 VL - 105 IS - 1-4 SN - 0144-8420, 0144-8420 KW - Radioisotopes KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Bone Marrow -- metabolism KW - Guidelines as Topic KW - Bone Marrow -- radiation effects KW - Radiation Dosage KW - Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted -- trends KW - Radiometry -- trends KW - Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted -- methods KW - Radioisotopes -- therapeutic use KW - Radiotherapy, High-Energy -- methods KW - Radioisotopes -- pharmacokinetics KW - Radiometry -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75735398?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.atitle=Assessments+for+high+dose+radionuclide+therapy+treatment+planning.&rft.au=Fisher%2C+D+R&rft.aulast=Fisher&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=581&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.issn=01448420&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-12-05 N1 - Date created - 2003-10-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Eliminating bias in routine bioassay when there is an unknown time of intake. AN - 75733846; 14526982 AB - Routine bioassay programmes sometimes find evidence of an unsuspected intake. If there were no workplace indicators of exposure or intake, it is necessary to assume a value for the time of intake. Under these circumstances, the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) continues to recommend using the midpoint of the interval between routine bioassay measurements (ICRP Publication 78, paragraph 106). The assumption of T/2 as the time of intake, where T is the interval between bioassay measurements, represents the expectation value of the time of intake, (t), assuming uniform probability of an intake at any given time. This assumption results in a modest bias, of the expectation value of the intake, (I), that would have been received by a population of workers who had uniform probability over time of intake. This underestimation leads to a negative or positive bias in dose estimates derived in this fashion. The bias is characterised for realistic, routine urinalysis programs for Pu, U and 3H, as well as for in vivo measurements of 125I, 131I and 137Cs. Simple numerical methods are presented for correcting the bias. The bias is greatest for radionuclides whose half-lives are short with respect to the interval between bioassay measurements. Since the primary concern is estimating intake rather than time, the assumed time of intake should be chosen as t(I) rather than T/2. The ICRP should consider revising some of the tables in its Publication 78 to reflect this. JF - Radiation protection dosimetry AU - Strom, D J AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA. strom@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 339 EP - 340 VL - 105 IS - 1-4 SN - 0144-8420, 0144-8420 KW - Radioisotopes KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Radiation Dosage KW - Computer Simulation KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Inhalation Exposure -- analysis KW - Humans KW - Quality Control KW - Air Pollution, Radioactive -- analysis KW - Algorithms KW - Radioisotopes -- pharmacokinetics KW - Models, Statistical KW - Radioisotopes -- urine KW - Radioisotopes -- analysis KW - Radiometry -- methods KW - Models, Biological KW - Radiometry -- standards KW - Occupational Exposure -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75733846?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.atitle=Eliminating+bias+in+routine+bioassay+when+there+is+an+unknown+time+of+intake.&rft.au=Strom%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Strom&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=339&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.issn=01448420&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-12-05 N1 - Date created - 2003-10-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The wonders of magnetism. AN - 72888294; 12483660 AB - In this acceptance address for the Bioelectromagnetics Society's 2001 d'Arsonval Award, Dr. Tenforde reviews the highlights of the nonionizing field aspects of his research and scientific service career. These are focused in four areas: (a). development and application of microelectrophoretic methods to probe the surface chemistry of normal and cancerous cells; (b). research on the biophysical mechanisms of interaction and the dosimetry of static and extremely low frequency magnetic fields; (c). application of extremely high intensity magnetic fields in several spectroscopic methods for probing the detailed structures of large biological macromolecules; and (d). development of national and international guidelines for the exposure of workers and members of the general public to electromagnetic fields with frequencies spanning the entire nonionizing electromagnetic spectrum. JF - Bioelectromagnetics AU - Tenforde, Thomas S Y1 - 2003/01// PY - 2003 DA - January 2003 SP - 9 EP - 11 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Tenforde KW - United States KW - Societies, Scientific -- history KW - Molecular Structure KW - History, 20th Century KW - Societies, Scientific -- organization & administration KW - Occupational Exposure -- history KW - Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy -- history KW - Occupational Exposure -- standards KW - Research -- history KW - Humans KW - Electromagnetic Phenomena -- history KW - DNA -- radiation effects KW - Electromagnetic Fields -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72888294?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/TOXLINE&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Tenforde%2C+Thomas+S&rft.aulast=Tenforde&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+wonders+of+magnetism.&rft.title=The+wonders+of+magnetism.&rft.issn=01978462&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-06-20 N1 - Date created - 2002-12-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - People - Tenforde N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The formation of Sr silicates at low temperature and the solubility product of tobermorite-like Sr (sub 5) Si (sub 6) O (sub 16) (OH) (sub 2) 5H (sub 2) O AN - 52010347; 2003-024302 AB - The aqueous phase interaction of divalent Sr with silicate-containing solutions was studied over a range of pH values, dissolved silica, and Sr concentrations, and extending to basic solution (0.2 M NaOH) at room temperature (22-23 degrees C). Formation of an amorphous Sr silicate phase of variable composition was observed, beginning at approximately pH 10. The precipitate became quasi-crystalline at higher base concentrations and with aging time. The phase that formed at high base concentration (beginning at pH 11.5-12.0) was identified by total chemical analysis. X-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis to have a chemical formula of Sr (sub 5) Si (sub 6) O (sub 16) (OH) (sub 2) .5H (sub 2) O, with a tobermorite-like structure. The Sr (sub 5) Si (sub 6) O (sub 16) (OH) (sub 2) .5H (sub 2) O phase has not been previously reported. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis of alcohol-washed precipitates showed a fine granular structure similar to Ca silicate hydrates. De-ionized water washing of the precipitates resulted in dissolution and growth of surface phases with the classical "sheaf of wheat" nucleation structure previously identified only for Ca silicate hydrates. Solubility studies of the precipitates, which extended to 286 days of equilibration, yielded an estimate of the solubility product of quasicrystalline, tobermorite-like Sr silicate of Log K = -38.0+ or -0.7 for the overall reaction, 5H (sub 2) O + Sr (sub 5) Si (sub 6) O (sub 16) (OH) (sub 2) . 5H (sub 2) O = 5Sr (super 2+) + 6H (sub 3) SiO (super -) (sub 4) + 4OH (super -) . The first estimate of the association constant for the species SrH (sub 2) SiO (sub 4) (aq) of Log K = 2.86 was also made. JF - American Mineralogist AU - Felmy, Andrew R AU - Mason, Marvin J AU - Gassman, Paul L AU - McCready, David E Y1 - 2003/01// PY - 2003 DA - January 2003 SP - 73 EP - 79 PB - Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC VL - 88 IS - 1 SN - 0003-004X, 0003-004X KW - silicates KW - Sr-90 KW - alkaline earth metals KW - isotopes KW - tobermorite KW - aqueous solutions KW - solubility KW - temperature KW - radioactive waste KW - radioactive isotopes KW - phase equilibria KW - metals KW - low temperature KW - thermodynamic properties KW - strontium KW - pH KW - chain silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52010347?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=The+formation+of+Sr+silicates+at+low+temperature+and+the+solubility+product+of+tobermorite-like+Sr+%28sub+5%29+Si+%28sub+6%29+O+%28sub+16%29+%28OH%29+%28sub+2%29+5H+%28sub+2%29+O&rft.au=Felmy%2C+Andrew+R%3BMason%2C+Marvin+J%3BGassman%2C+Paul+L%3BMcCready%2C+David+E&rft.aulast=Felmy&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=73&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Mineralogist&rft.issn=0003004X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ammin.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AMMIAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; aqueous solutions; chain silicates; isotopes; low temperature; metals; pH; phase equilibria; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; silicates; solubility; Sr-90; strontium; temperature; thermodynamic properties; tobermorite ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Hanford; a conversation about nuclear waste and cleanup AN - 51910698; 2004-001357 JF - Hanford; a conversation about nuclear waste and cleanup AU - Gephart, Roy E Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH SN - 1574771345 KW - United States KW - hazardous waste KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - radioactivity KW - regulations KW - waste disposal sites KW - ecosystems KW - production KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - waste management KW - decontamination KW - Columbia River basin KW - nuclear weapons KW - ecology KW - discharge KW - solid waste KW - soils KW - protection KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - public awareness KW - Hanford Site KW - decision-making KW - preventive measures KW - aquifers KW - risk assessment KW - nuclear facilities KW - waste disposal KW - underground disposal KW - public health KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51910698?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Gephart%2C+Roy+E&rft.aulast=Gephart&rft.aufirst=Roy&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=1574771345&rft.btitle=Hanford%3B+a+conversation+about+nuclear+waste+and+cleanup&rft.title=Hanford%3B+a+conversation+about+nuclear+waste+and+cleanup&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 788 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Analysis of hydrogeologic conceptual model and parameter uncertainty AN - 51897339; 2004-011146 AB - A systematic methodology for assessing hydrogeologic conceptual model, parameter, and scenario uncertainties is being developed to support technical reviews of environmental assessments related to decommissioning of nuclear facilities. The first major task being undertaken is to produce a coupled parameter and conceptual model uncertainty assessment methodology. This task is based on previous studies that have primarily dealt individually with these two types of uncertainties. Conceptual model uncertainty analysis is based on the existence of alternative conceptual models that are generated using a set of clearly stated guidelines targeted at the needs of NRC staff. Parameter uncertainty analysis makes use of generic site characterization data as well as site-specific characterization and monitoring data to evaluate parameter uncertainty in each of the alternative conceptual models. Propagation of parameter uncertainty will be carried out through implementation of a general stochastic model of groundwater flow and transport in the saturated and unsaturated zones. Evaluation of prediction uncertainty will make use of Bayesian model averaging and visualization of model results. The goal of this study is to develop a practical tool to quantify uncertainties in the conceptual model and parameters identified in performance assessments. JF - Symposium on Groundwater quality modeling and management under uncertainty AU - Meyer, Philip D AU - Nicholson, Thomas J A2 - Mishra, Srikanta Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 PB - American Society of Civil Engineers, Reston, VA SN - 0784406960 KW - hydrology KW - Bayesian analysis KW - decommissioning KW - statistical analysis KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - fluid dynamics KW - models KW - transport KW - stochastic processes KW - sensitivity analysis KW - theoretical models KW - risk assessment KW - nuclear facilities KW - uncertainty KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51897339?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Meyer%2C+Philip+D%3BNicholson%2C+Thomas+J&rft.aulast=Meyer&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0784406960&rft.btitle=Analysis+of+hydrogeologic+conceptual+model+and+parameter+uncertainty&rft.title=Analysis+of+hydrogeologic+conceptual+model+and+parameter+uncertainty&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium on Groundwater quality modeling and management under uncertainty N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Columbia River flood basalts and the Yakima fold belt AN - 51869486; 2004-027603 JF - GSA Field Guide AU - Reidel, Stephen P AU - Martin, Barton S AU - Petcovic, Heather L A2 - Swanson, Terry W. Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 87 EP - 105 PB - Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO VL - 4 KW - United States KW - flood basalts KW - volcanic rocks KW - igneous rocks KW - field trips KW - road log KW - Cenozoic KW - volcanism KW - folds KW - basalts KW - Pasco Basin KW - tectonics KW - anticlines KW - faults KW - Washington KW - shear zones KW - textures KW - Columbia River Basalt Group KW - Hanford Site KW - deformation KW - Miocene KW - Tertiary KW - boreholes KW - Neogene KW - brecciation KW - Yakima fold belt KW - 16:Structural geology KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51869486?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GSA+Field+Guide&rft.atitle=The+Columbia+River+flood+basalts+and+the+Yakima+fold+belt&rft.au=Reidel%2C+Stephen+P%3BMartin%2C+Barton+S%3BPetcovic%2C+Heather+L&rft.aulast=Reidel&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=&rft.spage=87&rft.isbn=0813700043&rft.btitle=&rft.title=GSA+Field+Guide&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://fieldguides.gsapubs.org/content/by/year LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 58 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sects., strat. col., geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #05176 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anticlines; basalts; boreholes; brecciation; Cenozoic; Columbia River Basalt Group; deformation; faults; field trips; flood basalts; folds; Hanford Site; igneous rocks; Miocene; Neogene; Pasco Basin; road log; shear zones; tectonics; Tertiary; textures; United States; volcanic rocks; volcanism; Washington; Yakima fold belt ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Computational studies of mineral-water interfaces AN - 51849665; 2004-038643 JF - CMS Workshop Lectures AU - Rustad, J R AU - Dixon, D A A2 - Kubicki, J. D. A2 - Bleam, W. F. Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 26 EP - 100 PB - Clay Minerals Society, Evergreen, CO VL - 12 SN - 1521-740X, 1521-740X KW - silicates KW - experimental studies KW - empirical analysis KW - complexing KW - clay mineralogy KW - mineral-water interface KW - hydrolysis KW - bonding KW - electrochemical properties KW - clay minerals KW - hydroxides KW - chemical reactions KW - metals KW - chemical properties KW - oxides KW - sheet silicates KW - molecular dynamics KW - crystal chemistry KW - geochemistry KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51849665?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CMS+Workshop+Lectures&rft.atitle=Computational+studies+of+mineral-water+interfaces&rft.au=Rustad%2C+J+R%3BDixon%2C+D+A&rft.aulast=Rustad&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=&rft.spage=26&rft.isbn=1881208117&rft.btitle=&rft.title=CMS+Workshop+Lectures&rft.issn=1521740X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 184 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bonding; chemical properties; chemical reactions; clay mineralogy; clay minerals; complexing; crystal chemistry; electrochemical properties; empirical analysis; experimental studies; geochemistry; hydrolysis; hydroxides; metals; mineral-water interface; molecular dynamics; oxides; sheet silicates; silicates ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Biosphere-atmosphere interactions AN - 51841333; 2004-042966 JF - Atmospheric chemistry in a changing world; an integration and synthesis of a decade of tropospheric chemistry research AU - Scholes, Mary C AU - Matrai, Patricia A AU - Andreae, Meinrat O AU - Smith, Keith A AU - Manning, Martin R AU - Artaxo, Paulo AU - Barrie, Leonard A AU - Bates, Timothy S AU - Butler, James H AU - Ciccioli, Paolo AU - Cieslik, Stanislaw A AU - Delmas, Robert J AU - Dentener, Frank J AU - Duce, Robert A AU - Erickson, David J, III AU - Galbally, Ian E AU - Guenther, Alex B AU - Jaenicke, Ruprecht AU - Jaehne, Bernd AU - Kettle, Anthony J AU - Kiene, Ronald P AU - Lacaux, Jean-Pierre AU - Liss, Peter S AU - Malin, G AU - Matson, Pamela A AU - Mosier, Arvin R AU - Neue, Heinz-Ulrich AU - Paerl, Hans W AU - Platt, Ulrich F AU - Quinn, Patricia K AU - Seiler, Wolfgang AU - Weiss, Ray F A2 - Brasseur, Guy P. A2 - Prinn, Ronald G. A2 - Pszenny, Alexander A. Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 PB - Springer-Verlag, Berlin SN - 3540430504 KW - soils KW - land cover KW - biomass KW - human activity KW - atmosphere KW - ecosystems KW - vegetation KW - climate change KW - fires KW - biosphere KW - ecology KW - chemical composition KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51841333?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Scholes%2C+Mary+C%3BMatrai%2C+Patricia+A%3BAndreae%2C+Meinrat+O%3BSmith%2C+Keith+A%3BManning%2C+Martin+R%3BArtaxo%2C+Paulo%3BBarrie%2C+Leonard+A%3BBates%2C+Timothy+S%3BButler%2C+James+H%3BCiccioli%2C+Paolo%3BCieslik%2C+Stanislaw+A%3BDelmas%2C+Robert+J%3BDentener%2C+Frank+J%3BDuce%2C+Robert+A%3BErickson%2C+David+J%2C+III%3BGalbally%2C+Ian+E%3BGuenther%2C+Alex+B%3BJaenicke%2C+Ruprecht%3BJaehne%2C+Bernd%3BKettle%2C+Anthony+J%3BKiene%2C+Ronald+P%3BLacaux%2C+Jean-Pierre%3BLiss%2C+Peter+S%3BMalin%2C+G%3BMatson%2C+Pamela+A%3BMosier%2C+Arvin+R%3BNeue%2C+Heinz-Ulrich%3BPaerl%2C+Hans+W%3BPlatt%2C+Ulrich+F%3BQuinn%2C+Patricia+K%3BSeiler%2C+Wolfgang%3BWeiss%2C+Ray+F&rft.aulast=Scholes&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=3540430504&rft.btitle=Biosphere-atmosphere+interactions&rft.title=Biosphere-atmosphere+interactions&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Changes in the chemical composition of the atmosphere and potential impacts AN - 51840409; 2004-042965 AB - Changes in the chemical composition of the atmosphere and potential impacts on future atmospheric changes are discussed. They include sections on atmospheric chemistry and life on Earth; environmental issues and atmospheric chemistry; greenhouse gases, aerosols, and climate forcing; acidification and eutrophication; enhanced tropospheric ozone; depletion of stratospheric ozone; transport of toxic substances and nutrients; policy considerations; the atmosphere in the Earth system; global atmospheric chemistry and the IGAC (International Global Atmospheric Chemistry) project; past changes in atmospheric chemical composition; changing atmospheric composition during the upper Quaternary; causes of atmospheric changes; and impacts of changes in atmospheric composition. Ice cores from Greenland and Antarctica are compared. (mte) JF - Atmospheric chemistry in a changing world; an integration and synthesis of a decade of tropospheric chemistry research AU - Wuebbles, Donald J AU - Brasseur, Guy P AU - Rodhe, Henning AU - Barrie, Leonard A AU - Crutzen, Paul J AU - Delmas, Robert J AU - Jacob, Daniel J AU - Kolb, Charles E AU - Pszenny, Alexander A AU - Steffen, Will AU - Weiss, Ray F A2 - Brasseur, Guy P. A2 - Prinn, Ronald G. A2 - Pszenny, Alexander A. Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 PB - Springer-Verlag, Berlin SN - 3540430504 KW - public policy KW - Greenland ice sheet KW - global change KW - troposphere KW - paleoclimatology KW - hydrosphere KW - climate change KW - Cenozoic KW - Greenland KW - ozone KW - stratosphere KW - greenhouse effect KW - chemical composition KW - ice cores KW - Quaternary KW - Arctic region KW - atmosphere KW - nutrients KW - Antarctic ice sheet KW - Antarctica KW - biosphere KW - eutrophication KW - aerosols KW - acidification KW - 12:Stratigraphy KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51840409?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Wuebbles%2C+Donald+J%3BBrasseur%2C+Guy+P%3BRodhe%2C+Henning%3BBarrie%2C+Leonard+A%3BCrutzen%2C+Paul+J%3BDelmas%2C+Robert+J%3BJacob%2C+Daniel+J%3BKolb%2C+Charles+E%3BPszenny%2C+Alexander+A%3BSteffen%2C+Will%3BWeiss%2C+Ray+F&rft.aulast=Wuebbles&rft.aufirst=Donald&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=3540430504&rft.btitle=Changes+in+the+chemical+composition+of+the+atmosphere+and+potential+impacts&rft.title=Changes+in+the+chemical+composition+of+the+atmosphere+and+potential+impacts&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - An integrated view of the causes and impacts of atmospheric changes AN - 51837892; 2004-042967 JF - Atmospheric chemistry in a changing world; an integration and synthesis of a decade of tropospheric chemistry research AU - Brasseur, Guy P AU - Artaxo, Paulo AU - Barrie, Leonard A AU - Delmas, Robert J AU - Galbally, Ian E AU - Hao, Wei Min AU - Harriss, Robert C AU - Isaksen, Ivar S A AU - Jacob, Daniel J AU - Kolb, Charles E AU - Prather, Michael J AU - Rodhe, Henning AU - Schwela, Dieter AU - Steffen, Will AU - Wuebbles, Donald J A2 - Brasseur, Guy P. A2 - Prinn, Ronald G. A2 - Pszenny, Alexander A. Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 PB - Springer-Verlag, Berlin SN - 3540430504 KW - ozone KW - human activity KW - biosphere KW - agriculture KW - atmosphere KW - global change KW - chemical composition KW - climate change KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51837892?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Brasseur%2C+Guy+P%3BArtaxo%2C+Paulo%3BBarrie%2C+Leonard+A%3BDelmas%2C+Robert+J%3BGalbally%2C+Ian+E%3BHao%2C+Wei+Min%3BHarriss%2C+Robert+C%3BIsaksen%2C+Ivar+S+A%3BJacob%2C+Daniel+J%3BKolb%2C+Charles+E%3BPrather%2C+Michael+J%3BRodhe%2C+Henning%3BSchwela%2C+Dieter%3BSteffen%2C+Will%3BWuebbles%2C+Donald+J&rft.aulast=Brasseur&rft.aufirst=Guy&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=3540430504&rft.btitle=An+integrated+view+of+the+causes+and+impacts+of+atmospheric+changes&rft.title=An+integrated+view+of+the+causes+and+impacts+of+atmospheric+changes&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radiation effects in zircon AN - 51830681; 2004-043039 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Ewing, Rodney C AU - Meldrum, Alkiviathes AU - Wang, Lu Min AU - Weber, William J AU - Corrales, L Rene A2 - Hanchar, John M. A2 - Hoskin, Paul W. O. Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 387 EP - 425 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 53 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - silicates KW - density KW - data processing KW - crystal structure KW - recrystallization KW - NMR spectra KW - X-ray diffraction analysis KW - digital simulation KW - orthosilicates KW - X-ray analysis KW - spectra KW - zircon group KW - high-resolution methods KW - numerical models KW - radiation damage KW - diffractograms KW - zircon KW - mechanical properties KW - defects KW - TEM data KW - nesosilicates KW - computer programs KW - physical properties KW - optical properties KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51830681?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Radiation+effects+in+zircon&rft.au=Ewing%2C+Rodney+C%3BMeldrum%2C+Alkiviathes%3BWang%2C+Lu+Min%3BWeber%2C+William+J%3BCorrales%2C+L+Rene&rft.aulast=Ewing&rft.aufirst=Rodney&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=&rft.spage=387&rft.isbn=0939950670X&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 155 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - RMINDF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - computer programs; crystal structure; data processing; defects; density; diffractograms; digital simulation; high-resolution methods; mechanical properties; nesosilicates; NMR spectra; numerical models; optical properties; orthosilicates; physical properties; radiation damage; recrystallization; silicates; spectra; TEM data; X-ray analysis; X-ray diffraction analysis; zircon; zircon group ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Numerical modeling to assess DNAPL movement and removal at the Scenic Site Operable Unit near Baton Rouge, Louisiana; a case study AN - 51826568; 2004-056143 AB - Detailed three-dimensional multifluid flow modeling was conducted to assess movement and removal of dense nonaqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) movement at a waste site in Louisiana. The site's subsurface consists of several permeable zones separated by (semi) confining clays. In the upper subsurface, the two major permeable zones are, starting with the uppermost zone, the +40- and +20-MSL (mean sea level) zones. At the site, a total of 23,000 m (super 3) of DNAPL was emplaced in an open waste pit between 1962 and 1974. In this period, considerable amounts of DNAPL moved into the subsurface. By 1974 a portion of the DNAPL was removed and the waste site was filled with low-permeability materials and closed. During this process, some of the DNAPL was mixed with the fill material and remained at the site. Between 1974 and 2000, no additional DNAPL recovery activities were implemented. In an effort to reduce the DNAPL source, organic liquid has been pumped through a timed-pumping scheme from a total of 7 wells starting in calendar year 2000. The recovery wells are screened in the lower part of the waste fill material. In site investigations, DNAPL has been encountered in the +40-MSL but not in the +20-MSL zone. The following questions are addressed: (1) Where has the DNAPL migrated vertically and laterally? (2) How much further is DNAPL expected to move in the next century? (3) How effective is the current DNAPL pumping in reducing the DNAPL source? The computational domains for the simulations were derived from 3-D interpolations of borehole logs using a geologic interpretation software (Earthvision (super TM) ). The simulation results show that DNAPL primarily entered the subsurface in the period 1962-1974, when the waste site was operational. After 1974, the infiltration rates dropped dramatically as a result of the infilling of the waste pit. The simulation results indicate that DNAPL moved from the pit into the underlying +40-MSL zone through two contact zones at the west side of the pit. Lateral movement of the DNAPL body has been relatively slow as a result of the high viscosity and the rapidly decreasing driving force after the waste pit was filled in. For all simulations, lateral movement of DNAPL in the period 1962-2001 is predicted to be less than 60 m from the two contact areas, while additional movement in the next century is expected to be less than 30 m. No DNAPL is predicted to enter the +20-MSL zone, which agrees with site information. The simulations also clearly demonstrate the minimal effect of the current pumping scheme on source reduction and DNAPL movement. JF - International Journal of Phytoremediation AU - Oostrom, M AU - Thorne, P D AU - White, M D AU - Truex, M J AU - Wietsma, T W Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 901 EP - 926 PB - CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL VL - 12 IS - 6 SN - 1522-6514, 1522-6514 KW - United States KW - STOMP KW - contaminant plumes KW - spatial data KW - data processing KW - preferential flow KW - dense nonaqueous phase liquids KW - remediation KW - East Baton Rouge Parish Louisiana KW - visualization KW - sensitivity analysis KW - Baton Rouge Louisiana KW - EarthVision KW - Louisiana KW - interpretation KW - mobility KW - numerical models KW - three-dimensional models KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - models KW - computer programs KW - case studies KW - organic compounds KW - liquid waste KW - infiltration KW - steady-state processes KW - multiphase flow KW - risk assessment KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51826568?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Phytoremediation&rft.atitle=Numerical+modeling+to+assess+DNAPL+movement+and+removal+at+the+Scenic+Site+Operable+Unit+near+Baton+Rouge%2C+Louisiana%3B+a+case+study&rft.au=Oostrom%2C+M%3BThorne%2C+P+D%3BWhite%2C+M+D%3BTruex%2C+M+J%3BWietsma%2C+T+W&rft.aulast=Oostrom&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=901&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Phytoremediation&rft.issn=15226514&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~content=t713610150 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - PubXState - FL N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Baton Rouge Louisiana; case studies; computer programs; contaminant plumes; data processing; dense nonaqueous phase liquids; EarthVision; East Baton Rouge Parish Louisiana; infiltration; interpretation; liquid waste; Louisiana; mobility; models; multiphase flow; nonaqueous phase liquids; numerical models; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; preferential flow; remediation; risk assessment; sensitivity analysis; spatial data; steady-state processes; STOMP; three-dimensional models; United States; visualization; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Natural gas storage in basalt aquifers of the Columbia Basin; a guide to site characterization AN - 51795520; 2004-075427 JF - GasTips AU - Reidel, Stephen P AU - Johnson, Vernon G AU - Spane, Frank A Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 25 EP - 29 PB - Hart Publications for Gas Research Institute, Potomac, MD VL - 9 IS - 3 KW - United States KW - Washington KW - volcanic rocks KW - underground storage KW - engineering properties KW - site exploration KW - natural gas KW - igneous rocks KW - Columbia River Basalt Group KW - petroleum KW - gas storage KW - Miocene KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - Cenozoic KW - Tertiary KW - lava KW - Neogene KW - Columbia River basin KW - basalts KW - underground installations KW - Pasco Basin KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51795520?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GasTips&rft.atitle=Natural+gas+storage+in+basalt+aquifers+of+the+Columbia+Basin%3B+a+guide+to+site+characterization&rft.au=Reidel%2C+Stephen+P%3BJohnson%2C+Vernon+G%3BSpane%2C+Frank+A&rft.aulast=Reidel&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=25&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=GasTips&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.netl.doe.gov/scngo/Reference%20Shelf/GasTIPS/GasTIPS.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - PubXState - MD N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sect., block diag., geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04558 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; basalts; Cenozoic; Columbia River Basalt Group; Columbia River basin; engineering properties; gas storage; ground water; igneous rocks; lava; Miocene; natural gas; Neogene; Pasco Basin; petroleum; site exploration; Tertiary; underground installations; underground storage; United States; volcanic rocks; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High efficiency epithermal neutron detectors AN - 51437335; 2007-053918 JF - Abstracts - AAPG Mid-Continent Section Meeting AU - Bliss, Mary AU - Jordan, David V AU - Thesen, Howard AU - Pitts, W Karl AU - Sliger, William A AU - Knopf, Michael A AU - Todd, Lindsay C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 EP - unpaginated PB - American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Mid-Continent Section, Tulsa, OK VL - 2003 KW - detection KW - neutrons KW - neutron methods KW - geophysical methods KW - instruments KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51437335?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+-+AAPG+Mid-Continent+Section+Meeting&rft.atitle=High+efficiency+epithermal+neutron+detectors&rft.au=Bliss%2C+Mary%3BJordan%2C+David+V%3BThesen%2C+Howard%3BPitts%2C+W+Karl%3BSliger%2C+William+A%3BKnopf%2C+Michael+A%3BTodd%2C+Lindsay+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bliss&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=2003&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+-+AAPG+Mid-Continent+Section+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.searchanddiscovery.net/abstracts/pdf/2003/midcon/abs/ndx_bliss.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - AAPG Mid-Continent Section meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Aug. 18, 2006 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #06711 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - detection; geophysical methods; instruments; neutron methods; neutrons ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impacts of the Columbia River Hydroelectric System on Main-Stem Habitats of Fall Chinook Salmon AN - 20839637; 5689753 AB - Salmonid habitats in main-stem reaches of the Columbia and Snake Rivers have changed dramatically during the past 60 years because of hydroelectric development and operation. Only about 13% and 58% of riverine habitats in the Columbia and Snake Rivers, respectively, remain. Most riverine habitat is found in the upper Snake River; however, it is upstream of Hells Canyon Dam and not accessible to anadromous salmonids. We determined that approximately 661 and 805 km of the Columbia and Snake rivers, respectively, were once used by fall chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha for spawning. Fall chinook salmon currently use only about 85 km of the main-stem Columbia River and 163 km of the main-stem Snake River for spawning. We used a geomorphic model to identify three river reaches downstream of present migration barriers with high potential for restoration of riverine processes: the Columbia River upstream of John Day Dam, the Columbia-Snake-Yakima River confluence, and the lower Snake River upstream of Little Goose Dam. Our analysis substantiated the assertion that historic spawning areas for fall chinook salmon occurred primarily within wide alluvial floodplains, which were once common in the main-stem Columbia and Snake rivers. These areas possessed more unconsolidated sediment and more bars and islands and had lower water surface slopes than did less extensively used areas. Because flows in the main stem are now highly regulated, the predevelopment alluvial river ecosystem is not expected to be restored simply by operational modification of one or more dams. Establishing more normative flow regimes: specifically, sustained peak flows for scouring: is essential to restoring the functional characteristics of existing, altered habitats. Restoring production of fall chinook salmon to any of these reaches also requires that population genetics and viability of potential seed populations (i.e. from tributaries, tailrace spawning areas, and hatcheries) be considered. JF - North American Journal of Fisheries Management AU - Dauble, D D AU - Hanrahan, T P AU - Geist AU - Parsley, MJ AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Post Office Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, USA Y1 - 2003///0, PY - 2003 DA - 0, 2003 SP - 641 EP - 659 PB - American Fisheries Society, 5410 Grosvenor Ln. Ste. 110 Bethesda MD 20814-2199 USA VL - 23 IS - 3 SN - 0275-5947, 0275-5947 KW - Chinook salmon KW - Ecology Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Barriers KW - Anadromous species KW - Hydroelectric Plants KW - Man-induced effects KW - Cultured organisms KW - Freshwater KW - Habitat selection KW - Oncorhynchus tshawytscha KW - Migration KW - River fisheries KW - Population genetics KW - River Flow KW - Slopes KW - Commercial species KW - USA, Washington, Snake R., Little Goose Dam KW - Salmon KW - Rivers KW - USA, Snake R. KW - Spawning grounds KW - Habitat KW - snakes KW - population genetics KW - Aquatic Habitats KW - salmon KW - Hydroelectric power plants KW - Environment management KW - Surface water KW - Fish Hatcheries KW - USA, Columbia R. KW - Habitat improvement (physical) KW - flood plains KW - spawning KW - Models KW - upstream KW - Islands KW - Dams KW - USA, Columbia R., John Day Dam KW - Spawning KW - canyons KW - Salmon fisheries KW - Flood plains KW - Long-term changes KW - Nature conservation KW - SW 4070:Ecological impact of water development KW - O 4090:Conservation and Environmental Protection KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - Q3 08582:Fish culture KW - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality KW - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20839637?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=North+American+Journal+of+Fisheries+Management&rft.atitle=Impacts+of+the+Columbia+River+Hydroelectric+System+on+Main-Stem+Habitats+of+Fall+Chinook+Salmon&rft.au=Dauble%2C+D+D%3BHanrahan%2C+T+P%3BGeist%3BParsley%2C+MJ&rft.aulast=Dauble&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=641&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=North+American+Journal+of+Fisheries+Management&rft.issn=02755947&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Barriers; Anadromous species; Spawning grounds; Man-induced effects; Habitat improvement (physical); Cultured organisms; Habitat selection; River fisheries; Population genetics; Salmon fisheries; Flood plains; Dams; Long-term changes; Nature conservation; Hydroelectric power plants; Commercial species; Environment management; Islands; Spawning; Habitat; Migration; Models; population genetics; upstream; Surface water; salmon; flood plains; canyons; spawning; snakes; Salmon; Aquatic Habitats; Fish Hatcheries; Hydroelectric Plants; River Flow; Slopes; Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; USA, Snake R.; USA, Columbia R.; USA, Columbia R., John Day Dam; USA, Washington, Snake R., Little Goose Dam; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Measuring aerosols generated inside armoured vehicles perforated by depleted uranium ammunition AN - 19218611; 5799081 AB - In response to questions raised after the Gulf War about the health significance of exposure to depleted uranium (DU), the US Department of Defense initiated a study designed to provide an improved scientific basis for assessment of possible health effects on soldiers in vehicles struck by these munitions. As part of this study, a series of DU penetrators were fired at an Abrams tank and a Bradley fighting vehicle, and the aerosols generated by vehicle perforation were collected and characterised. A robust sampling system was designed to collect aerosols in this difficult environment and monitor continuously the sampler flow rates. The aerosol samplers selected for these tests included filter cassettes, cascade impactors, a five-stage cyclone and a moving filter. Sampler redundancy was an integral part of the sampling system to offset losses from fragment damage. Wipe surveys and deposition trays collected removable deposited particulate matter. Interior aerosols were analysed for uranium concentration and particle size distribution as a function of time. They were also analysed for uranium oxide phases, particle morphology and dissolution in vitro. These data, currently under independent peer review, will provide input for future prospective and retrospective dose and health risk assessments of inhaled or ingested DU aerosols. This paper briefly discusses the target vehicles, firing trajectories, aerosol samplers and instrumentation control systems, and the types of analyses conducted on the samples. JF - Radiation Protection Dosimetry AU - Parkhurst, MA AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA, maryann.parkhurst@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 167 EP - 170 VL - 105 IS - 1-4 SN - 0144-8420, 0144-8420 KW - depleted uranium KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Military KW - Occupational exposure KW - Aerosols KW - Weapons KW - Radioisotopes KW - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety KW - P 8000:RADIATION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19218611?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+Protection+Dosimetry&rft.atitle=Measuring+aerosols+generated+inside+armoured+vehicles+perforated+by+depleted+uranium+ammunition&rft.au=Parkhurst%2C+MA&rft.aulast=Parkhurst&rft.aufirst=MA&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=167&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+Protection+Dosimetry&rft.issn=01448420&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Radioisotopes; Occupational exposure; Risk assessment; Aerosols; Military; Weapons ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High-resolution super(1)H NMR spectroscopy in a live mouse subjected to 1.5 Hz magic angle spinning AN - 19204907; 5764627 AB - It is demonstrated that the resolution of the super(1)H NMR metabolite spectrum in a live mouse can be significantly enhanced by an ultraslow magic angle spinning of the animal combined with a modified phase-corrected magic angle turning (PHORMAT) pulse sequence. Proton NMR spectra were measured of the torso and the top part of the belly of a female BALBc mouse in a 2 T field while spinning the animal at a speed of 1.5 Hz. It was found that even in this relatively low field, with PHORMAT an isotropic spectrum is obtained with line widths that are a factor of 4.6 smaller than those obtained in a stationary mouse. It is concluded that in vivo PHORMAT has the potential to significantly increase the utility of super(1)H NMR spectroscopy for biochemical and biomedical animal research. JF - Magnetic Resonance in Medicine AU - Wind, R A AU - Hu, J Z AU - Rommereim, D N AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, robert.wind@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 1113 EP - 1119 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD UK, [mailto:customer@wiley.co.uk], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 50 IS - 6 SN - 0740-3194, 0740-3194 KW - BALB/c mice KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Magnetic resonance imaging KW - N.M.R. KW - Lasers KW - W4 150:Medical Imaging KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19204907?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Magnetic+Resonance+in+Medicine&rft.atitle=High-resolution+super%281%29H+NMR+spectroscopy+in+a+live+mouse+subjected+to+1.5+Hz+magic+angle+spinning&rft.au=Wind%2C+R+A%3BHu%2C+J+Z%3BRommereim%2C+D+N&rft.aulast=Wind&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1113&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Magnetic+Resonance+in+Medicine&rft.issn=07403194&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fmrm.10650 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Lasers; N.M.R.; Magnetic resonance imaging DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrm.10650 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of Physiologically Based Models of Pregnancy and Lactation for Their Application in Children's Health Risk Assessments AN - 18761787; 5637809 AB - In today's scientific and regulatory climates, an increased emphasis is placed on the potential health impacts for children exposed either in utero or by nursing to drugs of abuse, pharmaceuticals, and industrial or consumer chemicals. As a result, there is a renewed interest in the development and application of biologically based computational models that can be used to predict the dosimetry (or ultimately response) in a developing embryo, fetus, or newborn. However, fundamental differences between animal and human development can create many unique challenges. For example, unlike models designed for adults, biologically based models of pre- and postnatal development must deal with rapidly changing growth dynamics (maternal, embryonic, fetal, and neonatal), changes in the state of differentiation of developing tissues, uniquely expressed or uniquely functioning signal transduction or enzymatic pathways, and unusual routes of exposure (e.g., maternal-mediated placental transfer and lactation). In cases where these challenges are overcome or addressed, biological modeling will likely prove useful in assessments geared toward children's health, given the contributions that this approach has already made in cancer and non-cancer human health risk assessments. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to critically evaluate the current state of the art in physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) modeling of the developing embryo, fetus, or neonate and to recommend potential steps that could be taken to improve their use in children's health risk assessments. The intent was not to recommend improvements to individual models per se, but to identify areas of research that could move the entire field forward. This analysis includes a brief summary of current risk assessment practices for developmental toxicity, with an overview of developmental biology as it relates to species-specific dosimetry. This summary should provide a general context for understanding the tension that exists in modeling between describing biological proceses in exquisite detail vs. the simplifications that are necessary due to lack of data (or through a sensitivity analysis, determined to be of little impact) to develop individual PBPK or PD models. For each of the previously published models covered in this review, a description of the underlying assumptions and model structures as well as the data and methods used in model development and validation are highlighted. Although several of the models attempted to describe target tissues in the developing embryo, fetus, or neonate of laboratory animals, extrapolations to humans were largely limited to maternal blood or milk concentrations. Future areas of research therefore are recommended to extend the already significant progress that has been made in this field and perhaps address many of the technical, policy, and ethical issues surrounding various approaches for decreasing the uncertainty in extrapolating from animal models to human pregnancies or neonatal exposures. JF - Critical Reviews in Toxicology AU - Corley, R A AU - Mast, T J AU - Carney, E W AU - Rogers, J M AU - Daston, G P AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd., PO Box 999, MSIN P7-59, Richland, WA 99352, USA, rick.corley@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 137 EP - 211 VL - 33 IS - 2 SN - 1040-8444, 1040-8444 KW - man KW - pharmacodynamics KW - pharmacokinetics KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24250:Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18761787?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Critical+Reviews+in+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+Physiologically+Based+Models+of+Pregnancy+and+Lactation+for+Their+Application+in+Children%27s+Health+Risk+Assessments&rft.au=Corley%2C+R+A%3BMast%2C+T+J%3BCarney%2C+E+W%3BRogers%2C+J+M%3BDaston%2C+G+P&rft.aulast=Corley&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=137&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Critical+Reviews+in+Toxicology&rft.issn=10408444&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Computational Model for the Identification of Biochemical Pathways in the Krebs Cycle AN - 18754445; 5614758 AB - We have applied an algorithmic methodology which provably decomposes any complex network into a complete family of principal subcircuits to study the minimal circuits that describe the Krebs cycle. Every operational behavior that the network is capable of exhibiting can be represented by some combination of these principal subcircuits and this computational decomposition is linearly efficient. We have developed a computational model that can be applied to biochemical reaction systems which accurately renders pathways of such reactions via directed hypergraphs (Petri nets). We have applied the model to the citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle). The Krebs cycle, which oxidizes the acetyl group of acetyl CoA to CO sub(2) and reduces NAD and FAD to NADH and FADH sub(2), is a complex interacting set of nine subreaction networks. The Krebs cycle was selected because of its familiarity to the biological community and because it exhibits enough complexity to be interesting in order to introduce this novel analytic approach. This study validates the algorithmic methodology for the identification of significant biochemical signaling subcircuits, based solely upon the mathematical model and not upon prior biological knowledge. The utility of the algebraic-combinatorial model for identifying the complete set of biochemical subcircuits as a data set is demonstrated for this important metabolic process. JF - Journal of Computational Biology AU - Oliveira, J S AU - Bailey, C G AU - Jones-Oliveira, J B AU - Dixon, DA AU - Gull, D W AU - Chandler, M L AD - International Technology Assessments Group, National Security and Technology Division, National Security Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Msin K8-41, Richland, WA 99352, USA, jjo@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 57 EP - 82 VL - 10 IS - 1 SN - 1066-5277, 1066-5277 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 350:Bioinformatics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18754445?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Computational+Biology&rft.atitle=A+Computational+Model+for+the+Identification+of+Biochemical+Pathways+in+the+Krebs+Cycle&rft.au=Oliveira%2C+J+S%3BBailey%2C+C+G%3BJones-Oliveira%2C+J+B%3BDixon%2C+DA%3BGull%2C+D+W%3BChandler%2C+M+L&rft.aulast=Oliveira&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=57&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Computational+Biology&rft.issn=10665277&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coupled reactive mass transport and fluid flow: Issues in model verification AN - 18618770; 5526468 AB - Model verification and validation are both important steps in the development of reactive transport models. In this paper, a distinction is made between verification and validation, and the focus is on codifying the issues of verification for a numerical, reactive transport flow model. First, the conceptual basis of model verification is reviewed, which shows that verification should be understood as a first step in model development, and be followed by a protocol that assures that the model accurately represents system behavior. Second, commonly used procedures and methods of model verification are presented. In the third part of this paper, an intercomparison of models is used to demonstrate that model verification can be performed despite differences in hydrogeochemical transport code formulations. Results of an example simulation of transport are presented in which the numerical model is tested against other hydrogeochemical codes. Different kinetic formulations between solid and aqueous phases used among numerical models complicates model verification. This test problem involves uranium transport under conditions of varying pH and oxidation potential, with reversible precipitation of calcium uranate and coffinite. Results between the different hydrogeochemical transport codes show differences in oxidation potentials, but similarities in mineral assemblages and aqueous transport patterns. Because model verification can be further complicated by differences in the approach for solving redox problems, a comparison of a fugacity approach (based on O[sub]2 partial pressure) to both the external approach (based on hypothetical electron activity) and effective internal approach (based on conservation of electrons) is performed. The comparison demonstrates that the oxygen fugacity approach produces different redox potentials and mineral assemblages than both the effective internal and external approaches. JF - Advances in Water Resources AU - Freedman, V L AU - Ibaraki, M AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999 MSIN K9-36, Richland, WA 99352, USA, vicky.freedman@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003/01// PY - 2003 DA - January 2003 SP - 117 EP - 127 VL - 26 IS - 1 SN - 0309-1708, 0309-1708 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Case study KW - Mathematical Models KW - Case Studies KW - Groundwater flow KW - Geochemistry KW - Calibration KW - Model Testing KW - Model Studies KW - Solutes KW - Comparative studies KW - Calibrations KW - Solute Transport KW - Comparison Studies KW - Chemical Reactions KW - Groundwater Movement KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0840:Groundwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18618770?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.atitle=Coupled+reactive+mass+transport+and+fluid+flow%3A+Issues+in+model+verification&rft.au=Freedman%2C+V+L%3BIbaraki%2C+M&rft.aulast=Freedman&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=117&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.issn=03091708&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0309-1708%2802%2900106-9 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Case study; Comparative studies; Solutes; Geochemistry; Groundwater flow; Calibration; Mathematical Models; Calibrations; Comparison Studies; Solute Transport; Case Studies; Chemical Reactions; Model Testing; Groundwater Movement; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0309-1708(02)00106-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Tensorial Connectivity-Tortuosity Concept to Describe the Unsaturated Hydraulic Properties of Anisotropic Soils AN - 17652113; 6495278 AB - The anisotropy in unsaturated hydraulic conductivity is saturation dependent. Yet, there are few options for modeling this phenomenon in natural soils. A tensorial connectivity-tortuosity (TCT) concept is proposed to describe the unsaturated soil hydraulic conductivity. The TCT concept assumes that soil pore connectivity and/or tortuosity are anisotropic and can be described using a tensor. Saturation-dependent anisotropy can be easily invoked in common models of relative permeability by incorporating the connectivity tensor. Synthetic Miller-similar soils having hypothetical anisotropy are defined by allowing the saturated hydraulic conductivity to have different correlation range for different directions of flow. The TCT concept was tested using the synthetic soils with four levels of heterogeneity and four levels of anisotropy. The results show that the soil water retention curves were independent of flow direction but dependent on soil heterogeneity, while the connectivity-tortuosity coefficient is a function of both soil heterogeneity and anisotropy. The TCT model can accurately describe the unsaturated hydraulic functions of anisotropic soils and can be easily combined with commonly used relative permeability functions for use in numerical solutions of the flow equation. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Zhang, ZFred AU - Ward, Andy L AU - Gee, Glendon W AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland WA, fred.zhang@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 313 EP - 321 PB - Soil Science Society of America, 677 South Segoe Rd Maxison WI 53711 USA, [URL:http://www.soils.org/] VL - 2 IS - 3 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - SW 6020:Hydraulics KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17652113?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=A+Tensorial+Connectivity-Tortuosity+Concept+to+Describe+the+Unsaturated+Hydraulic+Properties+of+Anisotropic+Soils&rft.au=Zhang%2C+ZFred%3BWard%2C+Andy+L%3BGee%2C+Glendon+W&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=ZFred&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=313&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating Soil Hydraulic Parameters of a Field Drainage Experiment Using Inverse Techniques AN - 17651567; 6495272 AB - Accurate assessment of water flow and contaminant transport in unsaturated porous media at the field scale is often hindered by difficulties associated with obtaining reliable estimates of soil hydraulic properties. The unsteady drainage-flux method is one of the commonly used methods to measure in situ unsaturated hydraulic properties of soils. However, the properties obtained by this method using instantaneous profile data analysis may not be the best estimation of actual values of hydraulic properties. We present an improved analysis of the data from drainage experiments using inverse modeling, which uses nonlinear regression methods to estimate hydraulic parameters. Parameter identifiability is evaluated through sensitivity and uniqueness analyses. We used the combination of the inverse modeling program, UCODE, with the flow simulator, STOMP, for inverse modeling. Applying the inverse method to a field drainage experiment in sandy soil showed that all the van Genuchten (1980) hydraulic parameters could be estimated uniquely when both water content ([theta]) and pressure head (h) data were used. The parameter estimates by inverse technique using both [theta] and h data simulated the flow better than the parameter values obtained by the conventional instantaneous-profile analysis method. After the spatial and temporal sensitivities were analyzed, a more rational experimental design was recommended. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Zhang, ZFred AU - Ward, Andy L AU - Gee, Glendon W AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Hydrology Group, MSIN K9-33, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, fred.zhang@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 201 EP - 211 PB - Soil Science Society of America, 677 South Segoe Rd Maxison WI 53711 USA, [URL:http://www.soils.org/] VL - 2 IS - 2 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - SW 0840:Groundwater KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17651567?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Estimating+Soil+Hydraulic+Parameters+of+a+Field+Drainage+Experiment+Using+Inverse+Techniques&rft.au=Zhang%2C+ZFred%3BWard%2C+Andy+L%3BGee%2C+Glendon+W&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=ZFred&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=201&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Modified Vadose Zone Fluxmeter with Solution Collection Capability AN - 16197782; 6495310 AB - To assess contaminant fluxes in the vadose zone water flux and solute concentrations must be known but they are seldom measured simultaneously at the same location. A water fluxmeter (WFM) with divergence control was modified to measure solute concentrations by adding a funnel and collection vial to the bottom of the meter. Laboratory experiments using coarse and fine sands showed that measured solute concentrations and known water fluxes can be combined to provide estimates of solute flux. Water containing a NO super(-) sub(3) tracer was applied at a rate of 1.97 x 10 super(-8) m s super(-1) (621 mm yr super(-1)), and water flux was simultaneously measured along with NO super(-) sub(3) concentrations in the outflow water. The general agreement in fitted and measured pore-water velocities suggests that the breakthrough curves of NO super(-) sub(3) measured using the drainage through the WFM can be used to estimate the pore-water velocity of the soil. Solute travel-time through the 60-cm-long wick was <10% of the travel time through the sands and could be neglected. Flow divergence was examined by measuring the soil water content and pressure head at different positions and by measuring the water flux passing through and around the WFM. Divergence was controlled by a 15-cm-high barrier such that more than 80% of the flow passed through the fluxmeter in both soils. Results show that the modified SFM can provide a convenient method for long-term monitoring of contaminant flux. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Gee, Glendon W AU - Zhang, ZFred AU - Ward, Andy L AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 3200 Q Ave., Richland, WA 99352, glendon.gee@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 627 EP - 632 PB - Soil Science Society of America, 677 South Segoe Rd Maxison WI 53711 USA, [URL:http://www.soils.org/] VL - 2 IS - 4 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Travel KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Barriers KW - Path of Pollutants KW - British Isles, Scotland, Highland, Caithness, Wick KW - outflow KW - Soil Water KW - Soil KW - Solutes KW - Tracers KW - Sand KW - Pressure Head KW - water content KW - Soil Contamination KW - Laboratory testing KW - Drainage KW - Laboratories KW - Velocity KW - Monitoring KW - Fluctuations KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16197782?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=A+Modified+Vadose+Zone+Fluxmeter+with+Solution+Collection+Capability&rft.au=Gee%2C+Glendon+W%3BZhang%2C+ZFred%3BWard%2C+Andy+L&rft.aulast=Gee&rft.aufirst=Glendon&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=627&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; Tracers; Pollution monitoring; Laboratory testing; Sand; outflow; Velocity; water content; Travel; Barriers; Soil Contamination; Path of Pollutants; Laboratories; Drainage; Soil Water; Solutes; Pressure Head; Monitoring; Fluctuations; British Isles, Scotland, Highland, Caithness, Wick ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carbon Tetrachloride Flow Behavior in Unsaturated Hanford Caliche Material -- An Investigation of Residual Nonaqueous Phase Liquids AN - 16196155; 6495249 AB - At many contaminated sites, nonaqueous phase liquids (NAPLs) persist in the vadose zone for long periods of time. This occurs because the permeability of the NAPL becomes negligible at some saturation and downward movement ceases, resulting in residual NAPL. To obtain data that can be used to study the development of a residual NAPL saturation and to test corresponding models, a detailed transient experiment was conducted in a 170 cm long by 90 cm high by 5.5 cm wide flow cell. Fluid saturation measurements were obtained with a dual- energy [gamma] radiation system. The experimental conditions reflected those at the Hanford Site in Washington State, where an estimated 363 to 580 m super(3) of carbon tetrachloride (CCl sub(4)) was disposed to the subsurface. A key subsurface feature at the Hanford Site is a sloped Plio-Pleistocene caliche layer, which was reproduced in the experiment as a sloped lens in a medium-grained, uniform, sand matrix. The caliche contains considerable amounts of CaCO sub(3) and may have fluid wettability properties other than strongly water wet. A total of 800 mL of CCl sub(4) was injected into the experimental domain at a rate of 0.5 mL min super(-1) from a small source area located at the surface. After apparent static conditions were obtained with respect to CCl sub(4) redistribution, saturation measurements indicated that all of the dense nonaqueous phase liquids (DNAPL) that had initially moved into the caliche remained in this layer. Water was subsequently applied to the surface at a constant rate over the full length of the caliche layer to study CCl sub(4) displacement as a result of changing water saturations. Water saturation in the caliche layer rose to as high as 0.91 during water infiltration. Results show that 25% of the DNAPL present in the caliche migrated from this layer as a consequence of water infiltration, while 75% remained in the caliche layer. The experimental results could not be reproduced with numerical multifluid flow simulations based on common constitutive theory. This indicates that improvements in constitutive theory may be needed to accurately model air-DNAPL-water flow behavior. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Oostrom, M AU - Lenhard, R J AD - Environmental Technology Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MS K9-33, Richland, WA 99352, mart.oostrom@pnl.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 25 EP - 33 PB - Soil Science Society of America, 677 South Segoe Rd Maxison WI 53711 USA, [URL:http://www.soils.org/] VL - 2 IS - 1 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Model Testing KW - Wettability KW - USA, Washington KW - Permeability KW - Sand KW - Nonaqueous Phase Liquids KW - Nonaqueous phase liquids KW - Caliche KW - Simulation KW - Gamma radiation KW - Saturation KW - USA, Washington, Hanford Site KW - Model Studies KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - Behavior KW - USA, Washington, Hanford KW - Infiltration KW - Groundwater Movement KW - Gamma Radiation KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16196155?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Carbon+Tetrachloride+Flow+Behavior+in+Unsaturated+Hanford+Caliche+Material+--+An+Investigation+of+Residual+Nonaqueous+Phase+Liquids&rft.au=Oostrom%2C+M%3BLenhard%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Oostrom&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=25&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - nonaqueous phase liquids; Permeability; Behavior; Sand; Infiltration; Nonaqueous phase liquids; Simulation; Gamma radiation; Nonaqueous Phase Liquids; Caliche; Model Testing; Saturation; Wettability; Groundwater Movement; Gamma Radiation; Model Studies; USA, Washington; USA, Washington, Hanford; USA, Washington, Hanford Site ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spectroelectrochemical Sensing Based on Multimode Selectivity Simultaneously Achievable in a Single Device. 11. Design and Evaluation of a Small Portable Sensor for the Determination of Ferrocyanide in Hanford Waste Samples AN - 16167267; 5820641 AB - A portable spectroelectrochemical sensor has been designed, evaluated, and demonstrated on a complex sample of radioactive waste. The sensor consisted of a black delrin sample compartment with a total internal sample volume of 800 mu L, attached to an indium tin oxide coated glass multiple internal reflection optical element. Detection was by total internal reflection of light from a blue light emitting diode source. After a 10 min uptake for each standard, the sensor showed a linear response in absorbance change for 5 x 10 super(-5) to 5 x 10 super(-3) M ferrocyanide with electrochemical modulation by scanning at 20 mV/s from -0.30 V to +0.55 V vs a Ag/AgCl reference electrode. Due to the complex nature of Hanford radioactive tank waste samples containing ferrocyanide, a standard addition method was developed for analysis. The spectroelectrochemical sensor determined a concentration of 9.2 mM ferrocyanide for U-Plant-2 simulant solution containing 9.38 mM ferrocyanide that was prepared according to Hanford process flowsheets. A radioactive tank waste sample from Hanford Tank 241-C-112 was determined to be 1.0 mM in ferrocyanide using the spectroelectrochemical sensor. A value for the ferrocyanide concentration in the sample of 0.61 mM was determined by FTIR spectroscopy. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Stegemiller, M L AU - Heineman, W R AU - Seliskar, C J AU - Ridgway, TH AU - Bryan, SA AU - Hubler, T AU - Sell, R L AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Battelle Boulevard, P.O. Box 999, MS P7-25, Richland, Washington 99352, USA, william.heineman@uc.edu Y1 - 2003/01/01/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Jan 01 SP - 123 EP - 130 VL - 37 IS - 1 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - ferrocyanide KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts KW - Environmental monitoring KW - Cyanides KW - Electrical equipment KW - Sensors KW - Instruments KW - Wastes KW - Radioactive wastes KW - Sampling instruments KW - USA, Washington, Hanford Site KW - Optical analysis KW - Cyanide KW - Indium KW - USA, Washington, Hanford KW - Iron compounds KW - Uptake KW - Electrochemistry KW - P 8000:RADIATION KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16167267?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Spectroelectrochemical+Sensing+Based+on+Multimode+Selectivity+Simultaneously+Achievable+in+a+Single+Device.+11.+Design+and+Evaluation+of+a+Small+Portable+Sensor+for+the+Determination+of+Ferrocyanide+in+Hanford+Waste+Samples&rft.au=Stegemiller%2C+M+L%3BHeineman%2C+W+R%3BSeliskar%2C+C+J%3BRidgway%2C+TH%3BBryan%2C+SA%3BHubler%2C+T%3BSell%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Stegemiller&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=123&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fes020601l LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Environmental monitoring; Cyanides; Sensors; Electrical equipment; Instruments; Indium; Radioactive wastes; Iron compounds; Wastes; Uptake; Electrochemistry; Optical analysis; Cyanide; Sampling instruments; USA, Washington, Hanford; USA, Washington, Hanford Site DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es020601l ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Solution structure of the yeast ubiquitin-like modifier protein Hub1 AN - 1034813867; 17027065 AB - abbreviationsUBL, ubiquitin-like modifier; Saccharomyces cerevisiae, S. cerevisiae; Eschericia coli, E. coli; NMR, nuclear magnetic resonance; NOE, nuclear Overhauser enhancement; NOESY, NOE spectroscopy; TOCSY, total correlated spectroscopy. JF - Journal of Structural and Functional Genomics AU - Ramelot, Theresa A AU - Cort, John R AU - Yee, Adelinda A AU - Semesi, Anthony AU - Edwards, Aled M AU - Arrowsmith, Cheryl H AU - Kennedy, Michael A AD - Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, 99352, USA Y1 - 2003/01// PY - 2003 DA - Jan 2003 SP - 25 EP - 30 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 4 IS - 1 SN - 1345-711X, 1345-711X KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - N.M.R. KW - Spectroscopy KW - Structure-function relationships KW - Escherichia coli KW - Saccharomyces cerevisiae KW - K 03330:Biochemistry KW - W 30910:Imaging KW - G 07780:Fungi UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1034813867?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Structural+and+Functional+Genomics&rft.atitle=Solution+structure+of+the+yeast+ubiquitin-like+modifier+protein+Hub1&rft.au=Ramelot%2C+Theresa+A%3BCort%2C+John+R%3BYee%2C+Adelinda+A%3BSemesi%2C+Anthony%3BEdwards%2C+Aled+M%3BArrowsmith%2C+Cheryl+H%3BKennedy%2C+Michael+A&rft.aulast=Ramelot&rft.aufirst=Theresa&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=25&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Structural+and+Functional+Genomics&rft.issn=1345711X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1023%2FA%3A1024674220425 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Structure-function relationships; N.M.R.; Spectroscopy; Escherichia coli; Saccharomyces cerevisiae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1024674220425 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular Structure of the Outer Bacterial Membrane of Pseudomonas aeruginosa via Classical Simulation AN - 18775683; 5639825 AB - A detailed structural analysis has been performed of the outer bacterial membrane of Pseudomonas aeruginosa using a parameterized classical simulation model with modest modifications. The structural analysis of the membrane is presented and newly discovered characteristics of the membrane are discussed. Simulations indicate that the relative contribution of different ligands to calcium ion coordination varies across the membrane, while maintaining a constant average coordination number of 6.1. Water penetrates the surface of the membrane to a depth of about 30 AA. The hydration of ions and phosphate groups is shown to depend on location within the membrane. A measure of saccharide residue orientation is defined and average orientations are presented. Saccharide residues possess varying degrees of motion with a trend of greater mobility at the membrane surface. However, their motion is limited and even in the membrane outer core region the average structure appears fairly rigid over a period of 1 ns. JF - Biopolymers AU - Shroll, R M AU - Straatsma, T P AD - Computational Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Biology Group, Theory, Modeling, and Simulation, Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland, WA 99352, USA, tps@pnl.gov Y1 - 2002/12/15/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Dec 15 SP - 395 EP - 407 VL - 65 IS - 6 SN - 0006-3525, 0006-3525 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - J 02721:Cell cycle, morphology and motility UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18775683?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biopolymers&rft.atitle=Molecular+Structure+of+the+Outer+Bacterial+Membrane+of+Pseudomonas+aeruginosa+via+Classical+Simulation&rft.au=Shroll%2C+R+M%3BStraatsma%2C+T+P&rft.aulast=Shroll&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2002-12-15&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=395&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biopolymers&rft.issn=00063525&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fbip.10279 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.10279 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantitative time-resolved monitoring of nitrate formation in sea salt particles using a CCSEM/EDX single particle analysis. AN - 72817796; 12523405 AB - Progress of the nitrate formation in individual sea salt particles was detected as a function of time using aerosol samples collected during the TexAQS 2080 experiment We demonstrate that the time-resolved collection approach coupled with the automated EDX single particle analysis made it possible to follow in detail the time evolution of sea salt particles within a diverse aerosol mixture. Using a custom built Time-Resolved Aerosol Collector (TRAC), particulate samples were taken sequentially on grid-supported 50 nm carbon films with a time resolution of 10 min between two consecutive samples. The samples were analyzed in the laboratory using Computer Controlled Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy-Dispersed analysis of X-rays (CCSEM/EDX). Between midnight of 08/16/00 and the early morning of 08/17/00, a steady, particularly sea salt rich aerosol was observed at the measurement site, which later showed the effects of atmospheric processing. During the night of 08/17/00 the sea salt particles were almost unprocessed, having elemental composition close to that of seawater. By 12 noon, the evolving atmosphere was able to completely convert them, predominantly to sodium nitrate particles. During the next night this process had nearly stopped and fairly virgin sea salt particles appeared again. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Laskin, Alexander AU - Iedema, Martin J AU - Cowin, James P AD - William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MSIN K8-88, Richland, Washington 99352, USA. Alexander.Laskin@pnl.gov Y1 - 2002/12/01/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Dec 01 SP - 4948 EP - 4955 VL - 36 IS - 23 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Aerosols KW - 0 KW - Air Pollutants KW - Nitrates KW - Sodium Chloride KW - 451W47IQ8X KW - Index Medicus KW - X-Rays KW - Particle Size KW - Microscopy, Electron, Scanning KW - Sodium Chloride -- chemistry KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis KW - Nitrates -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72817796?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Quantitative+time-resolved+monitoring+of+nitrate+formation+in+sea+salt+particles+using+a+CCSEM%2FEDX+single+particle+analysis.&rft.au=Laskin%2C+Alexander%3BIedema%2C+Martin+J%3BCowin%2C+James+P&rft.aulast=Laskin&rft.aufirst=Alexander&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=4948&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-04-09 N1 - Date created - 2003-01-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In situ treatment of chromium-contaminated groundwater. AN - 72816765; 12523403 JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Fruchter, Jonathan AD - Environmental Technology Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Wash, USA. john.fruchter@pnl.gov Y1 - 2002/12/01/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Dec 01 SP - 464A EP - 472A VL - 36 IS - 23 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Carcinogens, Environmental KW - 0 KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Water Pollutants KW - Chromium KW - 0R0008Q3JB KW - chromium hexavalent ion KW - 18540-29-9 KW - Index Medicus KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Soil Microbiology KW - Permeability KW - Geologic Sediments -- chemistry KW - Water Movements KW - Cost Control KW - Chemical Precipitation KW - Biodegradation, Environmental KW - Electrochemistry KW - Water Pollutants -- analysis KW - Engineering KW - Water Pollution -- economics KW - Water Pollutants -- metabolism KW - Chromium -- chemistry KW - Chromium -- analysis KW - Carcinogens, Environmental -- metabolism KW - Chromium -- metabolism KW - Water Pollution -- prevention & control KW - Carcinogens, Environmental -- analysis KW - Soil Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72816765?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=In+situ+treatment+of+chromium-contaminated+groundwater.&rft.au=Fruchter%2C+Jonathan&rft.aulast=Fruchter&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=464A&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-04-09 N1 - Date created - 2003-01-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modulation of JB6 mouse epidermal cell transformation response by the prostaglandin F2alpha receptor. AN - 72778647; 12489107 AB - Prostaglandin F(2alpha) (PGF(2alpha)) modulates clonal selection processes in the mouse skin model of carcinogenesis. In this study we investigated whether JB6 mouse epidermal cells expressed a functional PGF(2alpha) receptor (FP) coupled with a cell-transformation response. Treatment of JB6 cells with an FP agonist (fluprostenol) potently (pM-nM) increased anchorage-dependent and anchorage-independent growth. Inositol phospholipid accumulation and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk) activity were increased in cells treated with FP agonists, consistent with established FP-related signal transduction. FP mRNA was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and the average specific [(3)H]PGF(2alpha) binding was 8.25 +/- 0.95 fmol/mg protein. Erk activity and colony size were increased by cotreatment of JB6 cells with epidermal growth factor (EGF) and fluprostenol to a greater extent than with either treatment alone, whereas the cotreatment effect on colony number appeared to be simply additive. Collectively, our data indicated that JB6 cells expressed a functional FP coupled with transformation-related signal transduction and the regulation of clonal selection processes. Erk activity appears to be a convergence point in the EGF and FP pathways. The data raise the possibility that the FP contributes to clonal selection processes but probably plays a more important role as a response modifier. JF - Molecular carcinogenesis AU - Weber, Thomas J AU - Markillie, Lye M AU - Chrisler, William B AU - Vielhauer, George A AU - Regan, John W AD - Molecular Biosciences, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA. Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - December 2002 SP - 163 EP - 172 VL - 35 IS - 4 SN - 0899-1987, 0899-1987 KW - DNA Primers KW - 0 KW - Receptors, Prostaglandin KW - prostaglandin F2alpha receptor KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Base Sequence KW - Mice KW - Radioligand Assay KW - Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Epidermis -- pathology KW - Receptors, Prostaglandin -- physiology KW - Cell Transformation, Neoplastic UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72778647?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=Modulation+of+JB6+mouse+epidermal+cell+transformation+response+by+the+prostaglandin+F2alpha+receptor.&rft.au=Weber%2C+Thomas+J%3BMarkillie%2C+Lye+M%3BChrisler%2C+William+B%3BVielhauer%2C+George+A%3BRegan%2C+John+W&rft.aulast=Weber&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=163&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+carcinogenesis&rft.issn=08991987&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-01-23 N1 - Date created - 2002-12-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Outer-sphere electron transfer kinetics of metal ion oxidation by molecular oxygen AN - 52026013; 2003-011146 AB - Density functional theory molecular orbital calculations and Marcus theory have been combined to assess the rates and physicochemical factors controlling the outer-sphere oxidation of divalent V, Cr, Mn, Fe, and Co aquo and hydroxo ions by O (sub 2) in homogeneous aqueous solution. Key quantities in the elementary oxidation step include the inner-sphere component of the reorganization energy, the thermodynamic driving force, and electrostatic work terms describing the interactions occurring, in this case, between the net charges on the product species. Collectively, these factors and their interplay have a large influence on the rate of the oxidation cross-reaction.An inner-sphere pathway for the self-exchange reactions and oxidation by O (sub 2) of Mn (super 2+) and Cr (super 2+) ions has been supported indirectly in this study by comparing predicted outer-sphere rates with the results of previous experiments. Likewise, an outer-sphere pathway is suggested for the similar sets of reactions involving the V, Fe, and Co ions. An assessment of the self-exchange reaction for the oxygen/superoxide couple has led to predicted rates in excellent agreement with direct measurements. Predicted rates of oxidation for the hexaquo Fe ion are also in agreement with experiment, while the predicted rates for the outer-sphere oxidation of its hydrolysis products are approximately 2 to 3 (monohydroxo) and approximately 4 (dihydroxo) orders of magnitude slower than the observed rates. This suggests an inner-sphere pathway is appropriate to explain the relatively fast rates observed for the hydrolyzed Fe species. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Rosso, Kevin M AU - Morgan, James J Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - December 2002 SP - 4223 EP - 4233 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 66 IS - 24 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - oxygen KW - cobalt KW - physicochemical properties KW - oxidation KW - hydrolysis KW - electrostatic properties KW - aqueous solutions KW - manganese KW - iron KW - theoretical studies KW - vanadium KW - chemical reactions KW - metals KW - ion exchange KW - thermodynamic properties KW - geochemistry KW - Eh KW - chromium KW - electrons KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52026013?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Outer-sphere+electron+transfer+kinetics+of+metal+ion+oxidation+by+molecular+oxygen&rft.au=Rosso%2C+Kevin+M%3BMorgan%2C+James+J&rft.aulast=Rosso&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=24&rft.spage=4223&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2802%2901040-2 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 79 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aqueous solutions; chemical reactions; chromium; cobalt; Eh; electrons; electrostatic properties; geochemistry; hydrolysis; ion exchange; iron; manganese; metals; oxidation; oxygen; physicochemical properties; theoretical studies; thermodynamic properties; vanadium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(02)01040-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Worden Meteorite; a new ordinary chondrite fall from Michigan, USA AN - 52007970; 2003-024486 AB - An ordinary chondrite fall in southeast Michigan, USA (near the crossroads hamlet of Worden in northeast Washtenaw County) penetrated the garage roof of a private home on 1997 September 1. The Worden chondrite comprises silicate matrix, mineral fragments, chondrules, chondrule fragments, and opaque primary phases. Electron microprobe analyses (olivine, Fa (sub 23.9) ; orthopyroxene, Fs (sub 20.1) , En (sub 78.8) , Wo (sub 1) ) indicate diagnostic L-chondrite silicate mineral compositions. Recognizable chondrules and chondrule fragments constitute up to 42 vol%. Chondrule boundaries are readily discernable (especially where chondrules have rims of opaque material) but not sharp, and discrete plagioclase crystals are visible in the devitrified mesostasis of barred olivine chondrules; together, these characteristics suggest petrologic type 5. The spatially averaged ensemble of shock-related features (optical extinction of olivine grains, minor localized shock melt) suggests assignment of a shock stage of S3. The (super 26) Al and (super 22) Na activities are typical for an L chondrite. Worden fell near the most recent solar minimum in 1997, and the (super 22) Na production rate should have been at a level approaching the maximum levels due to solar modulation of the galactic cosmic-ray flux. The low value for the Worden (super 22) Na activity relative to those observed in chondrite falls associated with the 1969 solar maximum and 1976 solar minimum suggests a relatively small preatmospheric size. The (super 60) Co activity confirms the indication of a small body. The (super 56) Co activity was essentially zero, indicating that none of the recovered meteorite contained material exposed to solar cosmic rays. The Worden chondrite is the fourth documented fall in Michigan, and the fourth stony meteorite recovered in Michigan; all other Michigan meteorites are finds, not observed falls, and are iron meteorites. All Michigan falls to date are ordinary chondrites. The three falls prior to Worden were Allegan (H5) fell 1899; Rose City (H5, brecciated, black (dark matrix)) fell 1921; and Coleman (L6, veined (shocked); Osborn et al., 1997) fell 1994. Worden has a much lighter matrix than Rose City, and is less extensively thermally and shock metamorphosed than either Rose City (Stoffler et al., 1991) or Coleman. JF - Meteoritics & Planetary Science AU - Velbel, Michael A AU - Matty, David J AU - Wacker, John F AU - Linke, Matt P Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - December 2002 SP - 25 EP - 29 PB - Meteoritical Society, Fayetteville, AR VL - 37 IS - 12, Suppl. SN - 1086-9379, 1086-9379 KW - meteorites KW - Worden Meteorite KW - electron probe KW - petrology KW - mineral composition KW - stony meteorites KW - classification KW - chondrites KW - spectroscopy KW - recovery KW - 05B:Petrology of meteorites and tektites UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52007970?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Meteoritics+%26+Planetary+Science&rft.atitle=The+Worden+Meteorite%3B+a+new+ordinary+chondrite+fall+from+Michigan%2C+USA&rft.au=Velbel%2C+Michael+A%3BMatty%2C+David+J%3BWacker%2C+John+F%3BLinke%2C+Matt+P&rft.aulast=Velbel&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=12%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=25&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Meteoritics+%26+Planetary+Science&rft.issn=10869379&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://cavern.uark.edu/~meteor/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - PubXState - AR N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - MERTAW N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chondrites; classification; electron probe; meteorites; mineral composition; petrology; recovery; spectroscopy; stony meteorites; Worden Meteorite ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Processes in microbial transport in the natural subsurface AN - 51960464; 2003-054551 AB - This is a review of physical, chemical, and biological processes governing microbial transport in the saturated subsurface. We begin with the conceptual models of the biophase that underlie mathematical descriptions of these processes and the physical processes that provide the framework for recent focus on less understood processes. Novel conceptual models of the interactions between cell surface structures and other surfaces are introduced, that are more realistic than the oft-relied upon DLVO theory of colloid stability. Biological processes reviewed include active adhesion/detachment (cell partitioning between aqueous and solid phase initiated by cell metabolism) and chemotaxis (motility in response to chemical gradients). We also discuss mathematical issues involved in upscaling results from the cell scale to the Darcy and field scales. Finally, recent studies at the Oyster, Virginia field site are discussed in terms of relating laboratory results to field scale problems of bioremediation and pathogen transport in the natural subsurface. JF - Advances in Water Resources AU - Ginn, Timothy R AU - Wood, Brian D AU - Nelson, Kirk E AU - Scheibe, Timothy D AU - Murphy, Ellyn M AU - Clement, T Prabhakar A2 - Miller, C. T. A2 - Parlange, Marc B. A2 - Hassanizadeh, S. M. Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - December 2002 SP - 1017 EP - 1042 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 25 IS - 8-12 SN - 0309-1708, 0309-1708 KW - United States KW - colloidal materials KW - Virginia KW - pollutants KW - Darcy's law KW - pollution KW - Northampton County Virginia KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - case studies KW - saturated zone KW - Oyster Virginia KW - transport KW - bacteria KW - hydrodynamics KW - coliform bacteria KW - microorganisms KW - field studies KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51960464?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.atitle=Processes+in+microbial+transport+in+the+natural+subsurface&rft.au=Ginn%2C+Timothy+R%3BWood%2C+Brian+D%3BNelson%2C+Kirk+E%3BScheibe%2C+Timothy+D%3BMurphy%2C+Ellyn+M%3BClement%2C+T+Prabhakar&rft.aulast=Ginn&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=8-12&rft.spage=1017&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.issn=03091708&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03091708 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 191 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; bioremediation; case studies; coliform bacteria; colloidal materials; Darcy's law; field studies; ground water; hydrodynamics; microorganisms; Northampton County Virginia; Oyster Virginia; pollutants; pollution; remediation; saturated zone; transport; United States; Virginia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reduction kinetics of Fe(III), Co(III), U(VI), Cr(VI), and Tc(VII) in cultures of dissimilatory metal-reducing bacteria AN - 18708647; 5591528 AB - The reduction kinetics of Fe(III)citrate, Fe(III)NTA, Co(III)EDTA super(-), U(VI)O sub(2) super(2+), Cr(VI)O sub(4) super(2-), and Tc(VII)O sub(4) super(-) were studied in cultures of dissimilatory metal reducing bacteria (DMRB): Shewanella alga strain BrY, Shewanella putrefaciens strain CN32, Shewanella oneidensis strain MR-1, and Geobacter metallireducens strain GS-15. Reduction rates were metal specific with the following rate trend: Fe(III)citrate => Fe(III)NTA > Co(III)EDTA super(-) > UO sub(2) super(2+) > CrO sub(4) super(2-) > TcO sub(4) super(-), except for CrO sub(4) super(2-) when H sub(2) was used as electron donor. The metal reduction rates were also electron donor dependent with faster rates observed for H sub(2) than lactate super(-) for all Shewanella species despite higher initial lactate (10 mM) than H sub(2) (0.48 mM). The bioreduction of CrO sub(4) super(2-) was anomalously slower compared to the other metals with H sub(2) as an electron donor relative to lactate and reduction ceased before all the CrO sub(4) super(2-) had been reduced. Transmission electron microscopic (TEM) and energy-dispersive spectroscopic (EDS) analyses performed on selected solids at experiment termination found precipitates of reduced U and Tc in association with the outer cell membrane and in the periplasm of the bacteria. The kinetic rates of metal reduction were correlated with the precipitation of reduced metal phases and their causal relationship discussed. The experimental rate data were well described by a Monod kinetic expression with respect to the electron acceptor for all metals except CrO sub(4) super(2-), for which the Monod model had to be modified to account for incomplete reduction. However, the Monod models became statistically over-parametrized, resulting in large uncertainties of their parameters. A first-order approximation to the Monod model also effectively described the experimental results, but the rate coefficients exhibited far less uncertainty. The more precise rate coefficients of the first- order model provided a better means than the Monod parameters, to quantitatively compare the reduction rates between metals, electron donors, and DMRB species. JF - Biotechnology and Bioengineering AU - Liu, C AU - Gorby, YA AU - Zachara, J M AU - Fredrickson, J K AU - Brown, C F AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MSIN K8-96, Richland, WA 99352, chongxuan.liu@pnl.gov Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - Dec 2002 SP - 637 EP - 649 VL - 80 IS - 6 SN - 0006-3592, 0006-3592 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts KW - A 01056:Mineral microbiology KW - W2 32580:Fermentation and process engineering KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 320:Cell Culture & Batch Fermentation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18708647?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+and+Bioengineering&rft.atitle=Reduction+kinetics+of+Fe%28III%29%2C+Co%28III%29%2C+U%28VI%29%2C+Cr%28VI%29%2C+and+Tc%28VII%29+in+cultures+of+dissimilatory+metal-reducing+bacteria&rft.au=Liu%2C+C%3BGorby%2C+YA%3BZachara%2C+J+M%3BFredrickson%2C+J+K%3BBrown%2C+C+F&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=637&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+and+Bioengineering&rft.issn=00063592&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fbit.10430 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.10430 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geochemical effects on colloid-facilitated metal transport through zeolitized tuffs from the Nevada Test Site AN - 16155566; 5541123 AB - Natural colloids were generated from zeolitized tuffs from the Nevada Test Site (NTS) and the effects of colloids on the transport of a strongly sorbing metal, lead [Pb(II)], were investigated in column experiments under different geochemical conditions. Because of the high sorption affinity of Pb(II) for zeolitized tuffs, the migration of Pb(II) without colloids was strongly retarded. The presence of mobile colloids, however, enhanced the mobility of Pb(II). Approximately 75-90% of the eluted Pb(II) was transported as a colloid-associated phase. The migration of colloids was closely related to the geochemical conditions in the background solution. Immobilization of colloids increased as the ionic strength of the background electrolyte solution increased, because of double layer compaction. Remobilization of initially deposited colloids occurred when the ionic strength of the background electrolyte solution was reduced. The mobility of colloids increased with increasing pH and increasing flow rates. These results have significant implications for the migration of strongly sorbing radionuclides and other metals at nuclear testing facilities and metal-contaminated sites and are consistent with the hypothesis that inorganic contaminant migration in the subsurface is a function of geochemical conditions. JF - Environmental Geology AU - Um, W AU - Papelis, C AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, K6-81, Richland, 99352 Washington, USA, wooyong.um@pnl.gov Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - Dec 2002 SP - 209 EP - 218 PB - Springer-Verlag, [URL:http://link.springer.de/link/service/journals/00254/bibs/2043 1-2/20430209.htm] VL - 43 IS - 1-2 SN - 0943-0105, 0943-0105 KW - USA, Nevada KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Metals KW - Radioactive Wastes KW - Colloids KW - Path of Pollutants KW - Geochemistry KW - Nuclear weapons KW - Groundwater Pollution KW - Zeolites KW - Lead KW - Radioactivity KW - P 8000:RADIATION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16155566?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geology&rft.atitle=Geochemical+effects+on+colloid-facilitated+metal+transport+through+zeolitized+tuffs+from+the+Nevada+Test+Site&rft.au=Um%2C+W%3BPapelis%2C+C&rft.aulast=Um&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=209&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geology&rft.issn=09430105&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00254-002-0646-4 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Colloids; Geochemistry; Nuclear weapons; Radioactivity; Lead; Radioactive Wastes; Metals; Path of Pollutants; Groundwater Pollution; Zeolites DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00254-002-0646-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phosphorylation induces a conformational transition near the lipid-water interface of phospholamban reconstituted with the Ca-ATPase. AN - 72686360; 12437353 AB - We have measured conformational changes of phospholamban (PLB) induced both by its interaction with the SR Ca-ATPase and by phosphorylation of Ser-16 by cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) using an engineered PLB having a single cysteine (Cys-24) derivatized with the fluorophore 2-(4'-maleimidylanilino)naphthalene-6-sulfonic acid (ANSmal). This modified mutant PLB is fully functional when co-reconstituted with the affinity-purified Ca-ATPase in liposomes. ANSmal emission properties and its solvent accessibility indicate that Cys-24 is in an aqueous environment outside the membrane. Fluorescence quenching and time-resolved anisotropy measurements of ANSmal-PLB demonstrate distinct structures for PLB in the free and Ca-ATPase-bound state. Both solvent exposure and probe motions of ANSmal are enhanced upon interaction of PLB with the Ca-ATPase. This conformational transition entails conversion of free PLB in a conformation which is insensitive to one which is sensitive to the phosphorylation state of PLB. Upon phosphorylation of Ca-ATPase-bound PLB, a decreased level of solvent exposure of ANSmal is observed, suggesting that the amino acid sequence of PLB near the lipid-water interface acts as a conformational switch in response to the phosphorylation of PLB. A longer correlation time, resolved by anisotropy measurements, corresponding to polypeptide chain fluctuations, is substantially restricted by interaction of PLB with the Ca-ATPase. This restriction is not reversed by phosphorylation of PLB, indicating that the region around Cys-24 near the lipid-water interface does not undergo dissociation from the Ca-ATPase. These results suggest that the phosphorylation by PKA induces a redistribution of PLB-Ca-ATPase protein contacts to relieve the inhibitory effect of PLB for the activation of calcium transport. JF - Biochemistry AU - Chen, Baowei AU - Bigelow, Diana J AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, USA. Y1 - 2002/11/26/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Nov 26 SP - 13965 EP - 13972 VL - 41 IS - 47 SN - 0006-2960, 0006-2960 KW - Calcium-Binding Proteins KW - 0 KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - phospholamban KW - Water KW - 059QF0KO0R KW - Acrylamide KW - 20R035KLCI KW - Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases KW - EC 2.7.11.11 KW - Calcium-Transporting ATPases KW - EC 3.6.3.8 KW - Cysteine KW - K848JZ4886 KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Index Medicus KW - Mutagenesis, Site-Directed KW - Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases -- metabolism KW - Phosphorylation KW - Fluorescence Polarization KW - Recombinant Proteins -- metabolism KW - Models, Molecular KW - Kinetics KW - Calcium -- pharmacology KW - Acrylamide -- pharmacology KW - Recombinant Proteins -- chemistry KW - Protein Conformation KW - Calcium-Transporting ATPases -- metabolism KW - Calcium-Binding Proteins -- metabolism KW - Calcium-Binding Proteins -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72686360?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochemistry&rft.atitle=Phosphorylation+induces+a+conformational+transition+near+the+lipid-water+interface+of+phospholamban+reconstituted+with+the+Ca-ATPase.&rft.au=Chen%2C+Baowei%3BBigelow%2C+Diana+J&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Baowei&rft.date=2002-11-26&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=47&rft.spage=13965&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochemistry&rft.issn=00062960&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-01-09 N1 - Date created - 2002-11-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Model compound studies of the beta-O-4 linkage in lignin: absolute rate expressions for beta-scission of phenoxyl radical from 1-phenyl-2-phenoxyethanol-1-yl radical. AN - 72681275; 12423121 AB - Arrhenius rate expressions were determined for beta-scission of phenoxyl radical from 1-phenyl-2-phenoxyethanol-1-yl, PhC*(OH)CH2OPh (V). Ketyl radical V was competitively trapped by thiophenol to yield PhCH(OH)CH2OPh in competition with beta-scission to yield phenoxyl radical and acetophenone. A basis rate expression for hydrogen atom abstraction by sec-phenethyl alcohol, PhC*(OH)CH3, from thiophenol, log(k(abs)/M(-1) s(-1)) = (8.88 +/- 0.24) - (6.07 +/- 0.34)/theta, theta = 2.303RT, was determined by competing hydrogen atom abstraction with radical self-termination. Self-termination rates for PhC*(OH)CH3 were calculated using the Smoluchowski equation employing experimental diffusion coefficients of the parent alcohol, PhCH(OH)CH3, as a model for the radical. The hydrogen abstraction basis reaction was employed to determine the activation barrier for the beta-scission of phenoxyl from 1-phenyl-2-phenoxyethanol-1-yl (V): log(k beta)/s(-1)) = (12.85 +/- 0.22) - (15.06 +/- 0.38)/theta, k beta (298 K) ca. (64.0 s(-1) in benzene), and log(k beta /s(-1)) = (12.50 +/- 0.18) - (14.46 +/- 0.30)/theta, k beta (298 K) = 78.7 s(-1) in benzene containing 0.8 M 2-propanol. B3LYP/cc-PVTZ electronic structure calculations predict that intramolecular hydrogen bonding between the alpha-OH and the -OPh leaving group of ketyl radical (V) stabilizes both ground- and transition-state structures. The computed activation barrier, 14.9 kcal/mol, is in good agreement with the experimental activation barrier. JF - The Journal of organic chemistry AU - Kandanarachchi, Pramod H AU - Autrey, Tom AU - Franz, James A AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Fundamental Science Division, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, Washington 99352, USA. Y1 - 2002/11/15/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Nov 15 SP - 7937 EP - 7945 VL - 67 IS - 23 SN - 0022-3263, 0022-3263 KW - Free Radicals KW - 0 KW - Industrial Waste KW - Phenols KW - phenoxy radical KW - 3229-70-7 KW - Lignin KW - 9005-53-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Half-Life KW - Models, Molecular KW - Kinetics KW - Equipment Reuse KW - Carbohydrate Conformation KW - Lignin -- chemistry KW - Lignin -- radiation effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72681275?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+organic+chemistry&rft.atitle=Model+compound+studies+of+the+beta-O-4+linkage+in+lignin%3A+absolute+rate+expressions+for+beta-scission+of+phenoxyl+radical+from+1-phenyl-2-phenoxyethanol-1-yl+radical.&rft.au=Kandanarachchi%2C+Pramod+H%3BAutrey%2C+Tom%3BFranz%2C+James+A&rft.aulast=Kandanarachchi&rft.aufirst=Pramod&rft.date=2002-11-15&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=7937&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+organic+chemistry&rft.issn=00223263&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-07-31 N1 - Date created - 2002-11-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Aerosol transport to the U.S. receptor sites during ACE-Asia AN - 51836079; 2004-047247 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Jimenez Cruz, Michael P AU - Cahill, Thomas A AU - Perry, Kevin D AU - Cliff, Steven S AU - Cahill, Catherine F AU - Disselkamp, Robert S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 130 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - dust storms KW - monitoring KW - Far East KW - sediment transport KW - grain size KW - trajectories KW - environmental effects KW - ACE-Asia KW - transport KW - atmospheric transport KW - aerosols KW - Asia KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51836079?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Aerosol+transport+to+the+U.S.+receptor+sites+during+ACE-Asia&rft.au=Jimenez+Cruz%2C+Michael+P%3BCahill%2C+Thomas+A%3BPerry%2C+Kevin+D%3BCliff%2C+Steven+S%3BCahill%2C+Catherine+F%3BDisselkamp%2C+Robert+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Jimenez+Cruz&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=130&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ACE-Asia; aerosols; Asia; atmospheric transport; dust storms; environmental effects; Far East; grain size; monitoring; sediment transport; trajectories; transport; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rejuvenation and silicic melt migration in a near-solidus silicic mush induced by "gas sparging"? AN - 51700291; 2005-040384 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Bachmann, Olivier AU - Bergantz, George W AU - White, Mark D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - andesites KW - volcanic rocks KW - numerical models KW - igneous rocks KW - silicate melts KW - magmatism KW - data processing KW - siliceous composition KW - effects KW - Paleogene KW - melts KW - genesis KW - Cenozoic KW - pyroclastics KW - volatiles KW - Tertiary KW - magmas KW - digital simulation KW - Huerto Andesite KW - tuff KW - Fish Canyon Tuff KW - Oligocene KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51700291?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Rejuvenation+and+silicic+melt+migration+in+a+near-solidus+silicic+mush+induced+by+%22gas+sparging%22%3F&rft.au=Bachmann%2C+Olivier%3BBergantz%2C+George+W%3BWhite%2C+Mark+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bachmann&rft.aufirst=Olivier&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F1381&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - andesites; Cenozoic; data processing; digital simulation; effects; Fish Canyon Tuff; genesis; Huerto Andesite; igneous rocks; magmas; magmatism; melts; numerical models; Oligocene; Paleogene; pyroclastics; silicate melts; siliceous composition; Tertiary; tuff; volatiles; volcanic rocks ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potential for methanotroph-mediated natural attenuation of TCE in a basalt aquifer AN - 51694988; 2005-054630 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Colwell, Frederick S AU - Newby, Deborah T AU - Reed, David W AU - Igoe, Amber AU - Petzke, Lynn AU - Delwiche, Mark E AU - McKinley, James P AU - Roberto, Francisco F AU - Whiticar, Michael J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - F198 EP - F199 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - Snake River Plain Aquifer KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - Idaho KW - concentration KW - biodegradation KW - methane KW - pollutants KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - pollution KW - alkanes KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - genesis KW - organic compounds KW - natural attenuation KW - hydrocarbons KW - DNA KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - trichloroethylene KW - water pollution KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51694988?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Potential+for+methanotroph-mediated+natural+attenuation+of+TCE+in+a+basalt+aquifer&rft.au=Colwell%2C+Frederick+S%3BNewby%2C+Deborah+T%3BReed%2C+David+W%3BIgoe%2C+Amber%3BPetzke%2C+Lynn%3BDelwiche%2C+Mark+E%3BMcKinley%2C+James+P%3BRoberto%2C+Francisco+F%3BWhiticar%2C+Michael+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Colwell&rft.aufirst=Frederick&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F198&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; aquifers; biodegradation; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; DNA; genesis; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; Idaho; methane; microorganisms; natural attenuation; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; Snake River Plain Aquifer; trichloroethylene; United States; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biostimulation of metal-reducing microbes at a former uranium mill tailings site AN - 51693715; 2005-054633 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Peacock, Aaron D AU - Anderson, R Todd AU - Chang, Janet AU - Long, Philip E AU - White, David C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - esters KW - biodegradation KW - monitoring KW - acetates KW - Garfield County Colorado KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - biomarkers KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - Rifle Colorado KW - organic compounds KW - metals KW - anaerobic environment KW - uranium KW - Colorado KW - water pollution KW - tailings KW - actinides KW - field studies KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51693715?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Biostimulation+of+metal-reducing+microbes+at+a+former+uranium+mill+tailings+site&rft.au=Peacock%2C+Aaron+D%3BAnderson%2C+R+Todd%3BChang%2C+Janet%3BLong%2C+Philip+E%3BWhite%2C+David+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Peacock&rft.aufirst=Aaron&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F199&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acetates; actinides; anaerobic environment; biodegradation; biomarkers; bioremediation; Colorado; esters; field studies; Garfield County Colorado; ground water; metals; monitoring; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; remediation; Rifle Colorado; tailings; United States; uranium; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - X-ray spectroscopic investigation of the distribution and speciation of uranium in contaminated sediments from the DOE's Hanford Site AN - 51692607; 2005-056165 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Catalano, Jeffrey G AU - Zachara, John M AU - Heald, Steve M AU - Brown, Gordon E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1425 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - contaminant plumes KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - unsaturated zone KW - waste lagoons KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - synchrotron radiation KW - phase equilibria KW - sediments KW - orthosilicates KW - X-ray fluorescence spectra KW - spectra KW - heterogeneity KW - geochemistry KW - experimental studies KW - Washington KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - X-ray spectra KW - boltwoodite KW - nesosilicates KW - metals KW - EXAFS data KW - uranium KW - waste disposal KW - uranophane KW - actinides KW - chemical fractionation KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51692607?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=X-ray+spectroscopic+investigation+of+the+distribution+and+speciation+of+uranium+in+contaminated+sediments+from+the+DOE%27s+Hanford+Site&rft.au=Catalano%2C+Jeffrey+G%3BZachara%2C+John+M%3BHeald%2C+Steve+M%3BBrown%2C+Gordon+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Catalano&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=1425&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; boltwoodite; chemical fractionation; contaminant plumes; EXAFS data; experimental studies; geochemistry; ground water; Hanford Site; heterogeneity; metals; nesosilicates; orthosilicates; phase equilibria; pollution; radioactive waste; sediments; silicates; spectra; synchrotron radiation; United States; unsaturated zone; uranium; uranophane; Washington; waste disposal; waste lagoons; X-ray diffraction data; X-ray fluorescence spectra; X-ray spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting AN - 51682819; 2005-060424 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Ross, Nancy L AU - Gibbs, Gerald V AU - Rosso, Kevin M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - silicates KW - pressure KW - density KW - prediction KW - perovskite KW - high pressure KW - spatial variations KW - hydrogen KW - theoretical models KW - oxides KW - crystal chemistry KW - geochemistry KW - minerals KW - electrons KW - 17A:General geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51682819?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=American+Geophysical+Union+2002+fall+meeting&rft.au=Ross%2C+Nancy+L%3BGibbs%2C+Gerald+V%3BRosso%2C+Kevin+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ross&rft.aufirst=Nancy&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F620&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - crystal chemistry; density; electrons; geochemistry; high pressure; hydrogen; minerals; oxides; perovskite; prediction; pressure; silicates; spatial variations; theoretical models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of localized reducing zones in Cr(VI)aq removal by the Hanford sediments under hyperalkaline conditions AN - 51674891; 2005-064190 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Qafoku, N P AU - Lichtner, P C AU - Ainsworth, C C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - high-level waste KW - experimental studies KW - Washington KW - oxygen KW - contaminant plumes KW - isotopes KW - alkali metals KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - Grant County Washington KW - Franklin County Washington KW - models KW - radioactive isotopes KW - Cs-137 KW - cesium KW - metals KW - sediments KW - reduction KW - Benton County Washington KW - chromium KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51674891?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=The+role+of+localized+reducing+zones+in+Cr%28VI%29aq+removal+by+the+Hanford+sediments+under+hyperalkaline+conditions&rft.au=Qafoku%2C+N+P%3BLichtner%2C+P+C%3BAinsworth%2C+C+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Qafoku&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F1498&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; Benton County Washington; cesium; chromium; contaminant plumes; Cs-137; experimental studies; Franklin County Washington; Grant County Washington; Hanford Site; high-level waste; isotopes; metals; models; oxygen; pollution; radioactive isotopes; reduction; sediments; United States; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multiple pore region model of uranium(VI) reductive immobilization in structured subsurface media AN - 51637973; 2006-012230 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Roden, Eric E AU - Scheibe, Timothy D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - biomineralization KW - experimental studies KW - technology KW - bacteria KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - water pollution KW - simulation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51637973?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Multiple+pore+region+model+of+uranium%28VI%29+reductive+immobilization+in+structured+subsurface+media&rft.au=Roden%2C+Eric+E%3BScheibe%2C+Timothy+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Roden&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F271&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biomineralization; bioremediation; experimental studies; ground water; pollution; remediation; simulation; technology; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The reductive immobilization of pertechnetate by bioreduced sediments AN - 51536380; 2006-080344 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - McKinley, James P AU - Zachara, John M AU - Heald, Steve M AU - Fredrickson, James K AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 247 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - iron oxides KW - iron KW - mica group KW - weathered materials KW - Tennessee KW - sediments KW - manganese oxides KW - oxides KW - reduction KW - geochemistry KW - Eh KW - Shewanella putrifaciens KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - technetium KW - Washington KW - clastic sediments KW - Hanford Site KW - biogenic processes KW - metals KW - biotite KW - bacteria KW - lacustrine environment KW - sheet silicates KW - fluviolacustrine environment KW - mobilization KW - fluvial environment KW - microorganisms KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51536380?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=The+reductive+immobilization+of+pertechnetate+by+bioreduced+sediments&rft.au=McKinley%2C+James+P%3BZachara%2C+John+M%3BHeald%2C+Steve+M%3BFredrickson%2C+James+K%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=McKinley&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=247&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biogenic processes; biotite; clastic sediments; Eh; fluvial environment; fluviolacustrine environment; geochemistry; Hanford Site; iron; iron oxides; lacustrine environment; manganese oxides; metals; mica group; microorganisms; mobilization; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; oxides; reduction; sediments; sheet silicates; Shewanella putrifaciens; silicates; technetium; Tennessee; United States; Washington; weathered materials ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Updated magnetostratigraphy of ice age flood deposits of the Cold Creek Bar at the Hanford Site, southeastern Washington AN - 51534354; 2006-080551 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Pluhar, Christopher J AU - Bjornstad, Bruce N AU - Reidel, Stephen AU - Coe, Robert S AU - Nelson, Paul B AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - Cold Creek KW - demagnetization KW - glaciation KW - alternating field demagnetization KW - magnetostratigraphy KW - gravel KW - Cenozoic KW - jokulhlaups KW - sediments KW - Pasco Basin KW - floods KW - Benton County Washington KW - lower Pleistocene KW - thermal demagnetization KW - marker beds KW - sand KW - Washington KW - Quaternary KW - clastic sediments KW - bars KW - Hanford Site KW - silt KW - paleomagnetism KW - Olduvai Subchron KW - glacial features KW - boreholes KW - reversals KW - Pleistocene KW - Columbia Plateau KW - Channeled Scabland KW - meltwater KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51534354?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Updated+magnetostratigraphy+of+ice+age+flood+deposits+of+the+Cold+Creek+Bar+at+the+Hanford+Site%2C+southeastern+Washington&rft.au=Pluhar%2C+Christopher+J%3BBjornstad%2C+Bruce+N%3BReidel%2C+Stephen%3BCoe%2C+Robert+S%3BNelson%2C+Paul+B%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Pluhar&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F411&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alternating field demagnetization; bars; Benton County Washington; boreholes; Cenozoic; Channeled Scabland; clastic sediments; Cold Creek; Columbia Plateau; demagnetization; floods; glacial features; glaciation; gravel; Hanford Site; jokulhlaups; lower Pleistocene; magnetostratigraphy; marker beds; meltwater; Olduvai Subchron; paleomagnetism; Pasco Basin; Pleistocene; Quaternary; reversals; sand; sediments; silt; thermal demagnetization; United States; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of Mg (super +2) in the dissolution of pure calcite; insights from AFM and vertical scanning interferometry AN - 51532569; 2006-080336 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Arvidson, Rolf S AU - Amonette, James E AU - Collier, Martin AU - Hurt, Tom T AU - Luttge, Andreas AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 245 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - calcium KW - alkaline earth metals KW - magnesium KW - vertical scanning interferometry KW - mechanism KW - rates KW - solution KW - interferometry KW - calcite KW - atomic force microscopy data KW - metals KW - geochemistry KW - chemical ratios KW - carbonates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51532569?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=The+role+of+Mg+%28super+%2B2%29+in+the+dissolution+of+pure+calcite%3B+insights+from+AFM+and+vertical+scanning+interferometry&rft.au=Arvidson%2C+Rolf+S%3BAmonette%2C+James+E%3BCollier%2C+Martin%3BHurt%2C+Tom+T%3BLuttge%2C+Andreas%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Arvidson&rft.aufirst=Rolf&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=245&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; atomic force microscopy data; calcite; calcium; carbonates; chemical ratios; geochemistry; interferometry; magnesium; mechanism; metals; rates; solution; vertical scanning interferometry ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impacts of spatial resolutions on water budget simulated by the VIC-3L hydrologically-based land surface model AN - 51532062; 2006-086135 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Guo, J AU - Liang, X AU - Leung, L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - high-resolution methods KW - VIC-3L model KW - soil dynamics KW - spatial data KW - moisture KW - radar methods KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - water balance KW - models KW - physical properties KW - Oklahoma KW - evaporation KW - infiltration KW - Blue River basin KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51532062?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Impacts+of+spatial+resolutions+on+water+budget+simulated+by+the+VIC-3L+hydrologically-based+land+surface+model&rft.au=Guo%2C+J%3BLiang%2C+X%3BLeung%2C+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Guo&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F594&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmospheric precipitation; Blue River basin; evaporation; high-resolution methods; hydrology; infiltration; models; moisture; Oklahoma; physical properties; radar methods; soil dynamics; spatial data; United States; VIC-3L model; water balance ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Uncertainty assessment of a parameterization method for vadose zone modeling AN - 51531167; 2006-086152 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Meyer, P D AU - Rockhold, M L AU - Murray, C J AU - Chien, Y AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - experimental studies KW - statistical analysis KW - unsaturated zone KW - prediction KW - porous materials KW - geostatistics KW - fluid dynamics KW - simulation KW - measurement KW - models KW - transport KW - sediments KW - retention KW - uncertainty KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51531167?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Uncertainty+assessment+of+a+parameterization+method+for+vadose+zone+modeling&rft.au=Meyer%2C+P+D%3BRockhold%2C+M+L%3BMurray%2C+C+J%3BChien%2C+Y%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Meyer&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F597&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - experimental studies; fluid dynamics; geostatistics; hydrology; measurement; models; porous materials; prediction; retention; sediments; simulation; soils; statistical analysis; transport; uncertainty; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Advances in tensiometry for long-term monitoring of soil water pressures AN - 51131749; 2006-007769 AB - Soil water pressures, measured over space and time, are needed to predict the direction of water flow and chemical transport in the vadose zone. Advanced tensiometers (ATs), which utilize a water-filled porous cup connected directly to a pressure transducer, can be installed at almost any location and depth using standard drilling techniques such as auger drilling, but these methods can significantly disturb the site. For sites where minimal disturbance is desired, alternate approaches for tensiometer placement have been sought. To test installation techniques and performance longevity, advanced tensiometers were placed into the ground at a test site near Richland, WA using two different installation methods, auger drilling and a drive-cone push technique. The tensiometers were subsequently monitored for nearly 2 yr without refilling or recalibration. The data indicated that tensiometers placed by the auger technique took several months to equilibrate, while the cone push units came to equilibrium within 24 h following their installation. Soil water pressures always remained above -90 cm pressure head (-90 mbar) at depths >90 cm. At the greatest depth (730 cm), positive then negative pressures were observed as the water table was lowered and the soil drained. The results suggest that for our test conditions (coarse sandy soil, no vegetation), soil water pressures stay well within the tensiometer range and unit gradient conditions persist, indicating a draining profile. Advanced tensiometers, placed either by auger or cone penetrometer, provide a robust and reliable method for long-term monitoring of soil water pressure profiles. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Sisson, J B AU - Gee, G W AU - Hubbell, J M AU - Bratton, W L AU - Ritter, J C AU - Ward, A L AU - Caldwell, T G Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 310 EP - 315 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 1 IS - 2 KW - vinyl chloride KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - drive cone method KW - moisture KW - unsaturated zone KW - techniques KW - water pressure KW - sediments KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Benton County Washington KW - lysimeters KW - soils KW - sand KW - experimental studies KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - in situ KW - clastic sediments KW - pollutants KW - Richland Washington KW - organic compounds KW - tensiometers KW - hollow-stem auger method KW - Columbia Plateau KW - instruments KW - field studies KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51131749?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Advances+in+tensiometry+for+long-term+monitoring+of+soil+water+pressures&rft.au=Sisson%2C+J+B%3BGee%2C+G+W%3BHubbell%2C+J+M%3BBratton%2C+W+L%3BRitter%2C+J+C%3BWard%2C+A+L%3BCaldwell%2C+T+G&rft.aulast=Sisson&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=310&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on December 16, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2014-09-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Benton County Washington; chlorinated hydrocarbons; clastic sediments; Columbia Plateau; drive cone method; experimental studies; field studies; halogenated hydrocarbons; hollow-stem auger method; in situ; instruments; lysimeters; moisture; monitoring; organic compounds; pollutants; Richland Washington; sand; sediments; soils; techniques; tensiometers; United States; unsaturated zone; vinyl chloride; Washington; water pressure ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Water-retention of fractal soil models using continuum percolation theory; tests of Hanford Site soils AN - 50079710; 2003-012187 AB - For 43 Hanford site soils, we use fractal analysis and assume proportionality of pore radii to particle radii to generate water-retention curves, h(), from particle-size distributions. The air-entry head is used as an adjustable parameter to optimize the fit to experimental data for h(). At a low moisture content, d, the predicted and observed water-retention curves deviate. It is shown here that the moisture content at which this deviation occurs is in most cases probably the same value, at which previous experiments found a vanishing of solute diffusion. Where this correlation is indicated, we interpret d as a critical moisture content for percolation of capillary flow paths, and the relevance of other mechanisms of water transport, such as film flow, to equilibration at lower moisture contents. In other individual cases, however, the deviation is correlated with very low values of the hydraulic conductivity associated with capillary flow. In either case, we infer that the deviation from fractal predictions is due to the lack of equilibration of the medium. Our work thus exploits theoretical and analytical gains from percolation theory and fractal analysis to define the equilibrium limits on water retention curves. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Hunt, Allen G AU - Gee, Glendon W Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 252 EP - 260 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 1 IS - 2 KW - water KW - United States KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - sand KW - Washington KW - continuum percolation theory KW - clastic sediments KW - moisture KW - unsaturated zone KW - Hanford Site KW - models KW - theoretical studies KW - loam KW - saturation KW - sediments KW - retention KW - hydrodynamics KW - testing KW - percolation KW - fractals KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50079710?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Water-retention+of+fractal+soil+models+using+continuum+percolation+theory%3B+tests+of+Hanford+Site+soils&rft.au=Hunt%2C+Allen+G%3BGee%2C+Glendon+W&rft.aulast=Hunt&rft.aufirst=Allen&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=252&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 36 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Dec. 9, 2002 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - clastic sediments; continuum percolation theory; fractals; Hanford Site; hydrodynamics; hydrology; loam; models; moisture; percolation; retention; sand; saturation; sediments; soils; testing; theoretical studies; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Motivating Residents to Conserve Energy without Financial Incentives AN - 34772020; 200910-B7-0082680 (MB); 200910-30-0135657 (CE); 10903951 (EN) AB - Given the aim to motivate people to conserve energy in homes, we need to understand what drives people's energy use behavior and how it can be influenced. This article describes applied energy conservation campaigns at two U.S. military installations where residents do not pay their own utility bills. Customized approaches were designed for each installation based on a broad social-psychological model. Before-and-after energy use was measured, and residents were surveyed about end use behaviors. Residents said they were motivated by the desire to do the right thing, set good examples for their children, and have comfortable homes. For sustained change, respondents recommended continued awareness and education, disincentives, and incentives. Findings support some aspects of a social-psychological model, with emphasis on altruistic and egoistic motives for behavioral change. These studies may have implications for situations where residents are not billed for individual energy use, including other government-subsidized facilities, master-metered apartments, and university dormitories. JF - Environment & Behavior AU - McMakin, Andrea H AU - Malone, Elizabeth L AU - Lundgren, Regina E AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory in Washington, D.C PY - 2002 SP - 848 EP - 863 PB - Sage Publications, 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, CA, 91320, USA, [mailto:sagescience)sagepub.com], [URL:http://www.sagepub.com] VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0013-9165, 0013-9165 KW - Materials Business File (MB); Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Energy use KW - Energy conservation KW - Mathematical models KW - Incentives KW - Military KW - Utilities KW - Education KW - Bills KW - Article KW - EE 70:Energy (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/34772020?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environment+%26+Behavior&rft.atitle=Motivating+Residents+to+Conserve+Energy+without+Financial+Incentives&rft.au=McMakin%2C+Andrea+H%3BMalone%2C+Elizabeth+L%3BLundgren%2C+Regina+E&rft.aulast=McMakin&rft.aufirst=Andrea&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=848&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environment+%26+Behavior&rft.issn=00139165&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F001391602237252 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 39 N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-14 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001391602237252 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - NMR Structure of the Escherichia coli Protein YacG: a Novel Sequence Motif in the Zinc-Finger Family of Proteins AN - 18634087; 5535397 JF - Proteins: Structure, Function & Genetics AU - Ramelot, T A AU - Cort, J R AU - Yee, A A AU - Semesi, A AU - Edwards, A M AU - Arrowsmith, CH AU - Kennedy, MA AD - Battelle, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999/MS K8-98, Richland, WA 99352, USA, ma_kennedy@pnl.gov Y1 - 2002/11/01/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Nov 01 SP - 289 EP - 293 VL - 49 IS - 2 SN - 0887-3585, 0887-3585 KW - YacG protein KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - J 02727:Amino acids, peptides and proteins UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18634087?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proteins%3A+Structure%2C+Function+%26+Genetics&rft.atitle=NMR+Structure+of+the+Escherichia+coli+Protein+YacG%3A+a+Novel+Sequence+Motif+in+the+Zinc-Finger+Family+of+Proteins&rft.au=Ramelot%2C+T+A%3BCort%2C+J+R%3BYee%2C+A+A%3BSemesi%2C+A%3BEdwards%2C+A+M%3BArrowsmith%2C+CH%3BKennedy%2C+MA&rft.aulast=Ramelot&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=289&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proteins%3A+Structure%2C+Function+%26+Genetics&rft.issn=08873585&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Establishment of a novel clonal murine bone marrow stromal cell line for assessment of p53 responses to genotoxic stress. AN - 72118525; 12270597 AB - The p53 protein is widely regarded as an important sensor of genotoxic damage in cells, and mutations in p53 are the most frequent observed in human cancers. Rapid assays for evaluating the potential of a chemical or physical agent to alter the transcriptional regulatory role of p53 may therefore serve as useful tools in toxicological research. In this study, the use of enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) as a live cell reporter to assess the transactivation response of p53 to chemical and physical agents was evaluated. A stable murine bone marrow stromal cell line (D2XRIIGFP24) expressing EGFP under control of p53 response elements was established. D2XRIIGFP24 cells displayed low constitutive background fluorescence which was significantly enhanced in response to exposure to agents that induced p53 protein levels. Increases in EGFP fluorescence in response to oxidative and nitrosative stress as well as UVC irradiation were dose-dependent, detectable within 3 h of exposure and correlated closely with the amount of p53 protein accumulated within the cell. The results demonstrate the potential for rapid and early detection of p53 transactivation using the EGFP reporter approach and indicate this approach is adaptable to a variety of fluorescent assay techniques and a useful cell model for molecular toxicology research. JF - Toxicology AU - Gorbunov, Nikolai V AU - Morris, James E AU - Greenberger, Joel S AU - Thrall, Brian D AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA. nikolai.gorbunov@na.amedd.army.mil Y1 - 2002/10/15/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Oct 15 SP - 257 EP - 266 VL - 179 IS - 3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Luminescent Proteins KW - 0 KW - Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 KW - Green Fluorescent Proteins KW - 147336-22-9 KW - Nitric Oxide KW - 31C4KY9ESH KW - Hydrogen Peroxide KW - BBX060AN9V KW - Index Medicus KW - Nitric Oxide -- toxicity KW - Animals KW - Comet Assay KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Stromal Cells KW - Luminescent Proteins -- metabolism KW - Mice KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation KW - Transcriptional Activation KW - Hydrogen Peroxide -- toxicity KW - Kinetics KW - Oxidative Stress KW - Ultraviolet Rays -- adverse effects KW - Genes, Reporter KW - Clone Cells KW - Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 -- analysis KW - Mutagenicity Tests -- methods KW - Stress, Physiological -- genetics KW - Bone Marrow Cells -- cytology KW - Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 -- genetics KW - Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 -- metabolism KW - Cell Line UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72118525?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Establishment+of+a+novel+clonal+murine+bone+marrow+stromal+cell+line+for+assessment+of+p53+responses+to+genotoxic+stress.&rft.au=Gorbunov%2C+Nikolai+V%3BMorris%2C+James+E%3BGreenberger%2C+Joel+S%3BThrall%2C+Brian+D&rft.aulast=Gorbunov&rft.aufirst=Nikolai&rft.date=2002-10-15&rft.volume=179&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=257&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-11-06 N1 - Date created - 2002-09-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A comparison between modeled and measured clear-sky radiative shortwave fluxes in Arctic environments, with special emphasis on diffuse radiation AN - 51886137; 2004-016862 JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Barnard, J C AU - Powell, D M Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 10 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 107 IS - D19 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - United States KW - North America KW - North Slope KW - Arctic region KW - atmosphere KW - measurement KW - SBDART KW - models KW - optical properties KW - solar radiation KW - radiative shortwave flux KW - Great Plains KW - aerosols KW - MODTRAN KW - Alaska KW - meteorology KW - Southern Great Plains KW - Santa Barbara Distort Atmosphere Radiative Transfer KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51886137?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=A+comparison+between+modeled+and+measured+clear-sky+radiative+shortwave+fluxes+in+Arctic+environments%2C+with+special+emphasis+on+diffuse+radiation&rft.au=Barnard%2C+J+C%3BPowell%2C+D+M&rft.aulast=Barnard&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=107&rft.issue=D19&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2001JD001442 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerosols; Alaska; Arctic region; atmosphere; Great Plains; measurement; meteorology; models; MODTRAN; North America; North Slope; optical properties; radiative shortwave flux; Santa Barbara Distort Atmosphere Radiative Transfer; SBDART; solar radiation; Southern Great Plains; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2001JD001442 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Differential advection of colloidal and solute tracers in groundwater AN - 51860360; 2004-033200 AB - Several field and laboratory studies of transport of colloidal and solute tracers in groundwater have observed an apparent increase in the mean velocity of colloids relative to non-reactive solutes. This phenomenon, referred to here as differential advection, is poorly understood and has been explained in terms of a variety of hypothesized processes acting at pore and larger scales. Only recently has there been an effort to develop quantitative models that are consistent with the hypothesized processes, and significant confusion and debate remains regarding the means of identification of, and the processes causing, differential advection. We present observations from a number of recent laboratory and field experiments and discuss their implications in the context of current conceptualizations and model representations of differential advection processes. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Scheibe, Timothy D AU - Wood, Brian D AU - Ginn, Timothy R AU - Johnson, William P AU - Zhang, Pengfei AU - Onstott, Tullis C AU - Hall, James A AU - Fuller, Mark E AU - Dong, Hailiang AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 157 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - processes KW - experimental studies KW - colloidal materials KW - solutes KW - advection KW - concepts KW - ground water KW - laboratory studies KW - quantitative analysis KW - identification KW - tracers KW - velocity KW - field studies KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51860360?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Differential+advection+of+colloidal+and+solute+tracers+in+groundwater&rft.au=Scheibe%2C+Timothy+D%3BWood%2C+Brian+D%3BGinn%2C+Timothy+R%3BJohnson%2C+William+P%3BZhang%2C+Pengfei%3BOnstott%2C+Tullis+C%3BHall%2C+James+A%3BFuller%2C+Mark+E%3BDong%2C+Hailiang%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Scheibe&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=157&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - advection; colloidal materials; concepts; experimental studies; field studies; ground water; identification; laboratory studies; processes; quantitative analysis; solutes; tracers; velocity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transport of bacterial probes in the subsurface; physicochemical and biological factors, or "colloids wouldn't do that!" AN - 51859233; 2004-033197 AB - Bacteria can be used as probes in combination with dissolved tracers to elucidate transport-related aquifer properties. For example, physical heterogeneity can be inferred by observing differential advection of bacteria (or other colloids) relative to dissolved tracers, as illustrated by field experiments conducted at Kamas and Fry Canyon, Utah. Bacterial breakthrough-elution curves also provide information regarding the processes that control bacterial loss from, and re-entrainment into, groundwater. A high-resolution bacterial tracking technique was used to focus on the low concentration portions of bacterial breakthrough and elution histories (initial breakthrough and extended tailing) during DOE-sponsored field transport experiments conducted at Oyster, Virginia. The rates of bacterial loss from, and re-entrainment into, groundwater were shown to be controlled by both physicochemical and biological factors during these relatively long duration-large scale field experiments. Physicochemical factors that operated during the transport experiments included variations in hydrodynamic shear (pore water velocity), and potentially included hydrodynamic collision between mobile and attached cells. Biological factors that influenced transport included heterogeneity in cell surface properties, as well as predation. An additional biological factor that potentially impacted transport was cell growth. Much remains to be understood regarding the above, and other, controls on bacterial transport. However, understanding these controls is important and necessary for a variety of reasons, such as the potential use of bacterial probes to assay properties of the subsurface, as well as the need to deliver bacteria with novel metabolic properties to specific subsurface locales. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Johnson, William P AU - Zhang, Pengfei AU - McIntosh, William O AU - Scheibe, Timothy D AU - Onstott, Tullis C AU - Fuller, Mark E AU - Dobbs, Fred C AU - DeFlaun, Mary F AU - Holben, William AU - Griffin, Timothy AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 156 EP - 157 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - Northampton County Virginia KW - Fry Canyon KW - ground water KW - controls KW - Oyster Virginia KW - transport KW - tracers KW - velocity KW - hydrodynamics KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - processes KW - high-resolution methods KW - colloidal materials KW - Virginia KW - predation KW - metabolism KW - physicochemical properties KW - Kamas Canyon KW - pollution KW - aquifers KW - factors KW - bacteria KW - Utah KW - pore water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51859233?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Transport+of+bacterial+probes+in+the+subsurface%3B+physicochemical+and+biological+factors%2C+or+%22colloids+wouldn%27t+do+that%21%22&rft.au=Johnson%2C+William+P%3BZhang%2C+Pengfei%3BMcIntosh%2C+William+O%3BScheibe%2C+Timothy+D%3BOnstott%2C+Tullis+C%3BFuller%2C+Mark+E%3BDobbs%2C+Fred+C%3BDeFlaun%2C+Mary+F%3BHolben%2C+William%3BGriffin%2C+Timothy%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=156&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; Atlantic Coastal Plain; bacteria; colloidal materials; controls; factors; Fry Canyon; ground water; high-resolution methods; hydrodynamics; Kamas Canyon; metabolism; Northampton County Virginia; Oyster Virginia; physicochemical properties; pollution; pore water; predation; processes; tracers; transport; United States; Utah; velocity; Virginia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Direct determination of change of bacterial collision efficiency with transport distance in field scale bacterial transport experiments AN - 51857836; 2004-033203 AB - Previous laboratory column and field injection bacterial transport experiments have observed an apparent decrease in bacterial adhesion with transport distance. These observations have been hypothesized as resulting from variability in cell surface properties within a monoclonal population that give rise to preferential transport of a subpopulation. However, there lacks direct measurements of changes in bacterial adhesion properties as a function of transport distance. This study was undertaken to directly measure changes in collision efficiency as a function of transport distance at the South Oyster field site near Oyster, VA. Following injection of an adhesion deficient strain, Comamonas sp. DA001, into a up-gradient well, bacterial samples were taken from multi-level samplers at various distances along the flow path, and were injected into columns (40 cm in length and 7.5 cm in diameter) packed with homogenized sediment collected from the same site. Electrophoretic mobilities were measured for each bacterial suspension. Collision efficiencies were determined from the column and field breakthrough data. The collision efficiencies estimated from field breakthrough generally decreased (did not significantly increase) with transport distance, as expected based on previous studies, whereas the collision efficiencies estimated from column breakthrough greatly increased with increased transport distance. Bacterial cell surface charge became progressively more negative for cells collected at greater distance in the field. We hypothesize that the apparent contradiction between field and column collision efficiencies was caused by difference in the degree of exposure of transported cells to quartz and iron oxide surfaces in the field and column sediment systems, and that the character of field-scale heterogeneity (geochemical and physical) plays a significant role in controlling the transport of bacteria. In the heterogeneous field system, the injected cells may be able to bypass surface sites favorable for attachment, whereas in the column system, the cells may be forced to interact with those sites. The different transport mechanisms for field and column systems may in part explain the observed difference between the two systems in collision efficiency as a function of transport distance. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Dong, Hailiang AU - Monkman, Crystal M AU - Scheibe, Timothy D AU - Fuller, Mark E AU - Johnson, William P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 157 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - experimental studies KW - Virginia KW - Comamonas KW - properties KW - Northampton County Virginia KW - samples KW - laboratory studies KW - Oyster Virginia KW - transport KW - bacteria KW - adhesion KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51857836?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Direct+determination+of+change+of+bacterial+collision+efficiency+with+transport+distance+in+field+scale+bacterial+transport+experiments&rft.au=Dong%2C+Hailiang%3BMonkman%2C+Crystal+M%3BScheibe%2C+Timothy+D%3BFuller%2C+Mark+E%3BJohnson%2C+William+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Dong&rft.aufirst=Hailiang&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=157&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adhesion; Atlantic Coastal Plain; bacteria; Comamonas; experimental studies; laboratory studies; Northampton County Virginia; Oyster Virginia; properties; samples; transport; United States; Virginia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experimental determination of UO (sub 2) (cr) dissolution kinetics at high bicarbonate concentrations AN - 51840598; 2004-044588 AB - To evaluate the possibility of utilizing REDOX permeable reactive barriers for the remediation of uranium contamination, knowledge of the fundamental reaction kinetics associated with the dissolution of reduced uranium (IV) dioxide is necessary. Four decades of existing UO (sub 2+x) (cr) (0>1 to 0.9. We reacted the suite of glass compositions in Single-Pass Flow-Through (SPFT) experiments at T = 90 degrees C and pH = 10 under both highly undersaturated and near silica-saturated conditions for 1 hour to 10 days. Chemically complex glass specimens manifested extensive randomly oriented cracking after approximately 20 hours of reaction time. Cracking appeared to emanate from surface imperfections in the glass and showed signs of curling at edges, similar to mud cracks. We attribute this cracking to hydration and subsequent swelling of the glass during reaction. Experiments near silica saturation displayed the same characteristics, yet the extent of global surface retreat was less (by approximately 10X) than that observed for coupons at undersaturated conditions. This result is consistent with rates obtained by analysis of the chemistry of the effluent solution. In contrast, a simple sodium borosilicate glass composition displayed small (10 to 20 nanometer) elliptical pits after only 1 hour of reaction. With longer reaction times the pits developed along sub-parallel lines that coincide with flow banding structures in the glass. The origin of the pits is unclear, but may be related to phase separation in the glass. Our results demonstrate the efficacy of using VSI techniques to aid development of models for the reactivity of glass. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Icenhower, Jonathan P AU - Luttge, Andreas AU - McGrail, B Pete AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 192 EP - 193 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - silicates KW - experimental studies KW - vertical scanning interferometry KW - solutions KW - effluents KW - rates KW - effects KW - solution KW - interferometry KW - reactivity KW - borosilicates KW - chemical reactions KW - quantitative analysis KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51837542?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Effects+of+aqueous+corrosion+on+borosilicate+glass+as+revealed+by+vertical+scanning+interferometry+%28VSI%29&rft.au=Icenhower%2C+Jonathan+P%3BLuttge%2C+Andreas%3BMcGrail%2C+B+Pete%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Icenhower&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=192&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - borosilicates; chemical reactions; effects; effluents; experimental studies; interferometry; quantitative analysis; rates; reactivity; silicates; solution; solutions; vertical scanning interferometry ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Crystal-mush compaction and differentiation in the Cohassett flood-basalt flow, Hanford, Washington AN - 51791759; 2004-077219 AB - The Columbia River Cohassett flood-basalt flow has complex chemical profiles in the central Columbia Basin that suggest it was formed by inflation, with the earlier top and bottom of the flow having compositions similar to the underlying TiO2-rich McCoy Canyon flow and the later central part having a composition similar to that of the overlying TiO2-poor Rocky Coulee-Museum flow. Considerable mixing of these magmas took place. In the flow's central part, however, the profiles were also modified when residual liquid was expelled upward by compaction of the crystal mush. The central part of the flow consequently has S-shaped profiles of compatible elements and Z-shaped profiles of incompatible elements. Textures in the flow's central part preserve a clear record of compaction. Most crystallization occurred rapidly in the roof zone from which plumes of dense crystal mush sank to the floor. As mush accumulated on the floor, the rapidly grown pyroxene crystals from above recrystallized into fine-grained granular aggregates of augite and pigeonite. With compaction, these granular patches flattened, and plagioclase phenocrysts were rotated toward the horizontal, many becoming bent or broken. Groundmass plagioclase laths surrounding pyroxene crystals in the roof zone are randomly oriented and are separated by large volumes of glass. In the compaction zone, however, these same laths surrounding granular patches of pyroxene rotated into clusters of tightly packed parallel crystals, many in an imbricate pattern, and by so doing reduced the percentage of interstitial liquid. A striking compaction texture, for which we propose the name "lintel" texture, is formed where groundmass plagioclase laths have packed down on horizontal plagioclase phenocrysts (the lintel). Immediately beneath such phenocrysts, the groundmass laths tend to be more randomly and openly stacked, with considerable quantities of interstitial residual liquid that was prevented from rising past the phenocryst cap. This asymmetric texture is clearly visible in vertically oriented thin sections. Quantitative measures of the textural anisotropy indicate that compaction reached a 35% maximum where the incompatible element concentrations in the flow reached a minimum. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Philpotts, Anthony R AU - Reidel, Stephen P AU - Philpotts, Doreen E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 268 EP - 269 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - flood basalts KW - Cohassett Flow KW - volcanic rocks KW - igneous rocks KW - thin sections KW - recrystallization KW - Cenozoic KW - mineral composition KW - quantitative analysis KW - mixing KW - basalts KW - chemical composition KW - Washington KW - patterns KW - textures KW - matrix KW - differentiation KW - Columbia River Basalt Group KW - Hanford Site KW - Miocene KW - measurement KW - compaction KW - Tertiary KW - Neogene KW - magmas KW - crystallization KW - phenocrysts KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51791759?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Crystal-mush+compaction+and+differentiation+in+the+Cohassett+flood-basalt+flow%2C+Hanford%2C+Washington&rft.au=Philpotts%2C+Anthony+R%3BReidel%2C+Stephen+P%3BPhilpotts%2C+Doreen+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Philpotts&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=268&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - basalts; Cenozoic; chemical composition; Cohassett Flow; Columbia River Basalt Group; compaction; crystallization; differentiation; flood basalts; Hanford Site; igneous rocks; magmas; matrix; measurement; mineral composition; Miocene; mixing; Neogene; patterns; phenocrysts; quantitative analysis; recrystallization; Tertiary; textures; thin sections; United States; volcanic rocks; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Inherent Biases in Environmental Research and Their Effects on Public Policy AN - 60458485; 200304990 AB - Three types of bias: personal, institutional, & sociocultural, will be examined together with their effects on public policy. Personal bias exists whenever a scientist, instead of being solely motivated by the search for empirical truth, tries to gain a personal benefit or advantage from research results or is unduly influenced by ideological commitments. Institutional bias occurs because "every institution directs its activities to the perpetuation of its own power & to a narrow range of objectives & missions" (Barbour IG, Technology, environment, & human values. New York: Praeger, 1980). Sociocultural bias in Western industrialized society is reflected by the fact that most research is narrowly focused only on the mechanistic understanding of natural phenomena, a bias which arose from the discovery that mechanistic knowledge enhances the "control" & exploitation of nature. Based on a detailed analysis of each kind of bias, it will be shown that self-interest, whether that of an individual scientist, a funding institution, or an entire society, is the primary cause of bias in environmental research. In general, the greater the stakes, the greater the distortion of objectivity, & the greater the likelihood that environmental policies are biased in favor of the entity that is afflicted by the excessive self-interest. Finally, a number of recommendations are given on how to minimize each type of bias & thereby maximize the effectiveness of environmental policies. 37 References. Adapted from the source document. JF - Futures AU - Huesemann, Michael H AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory/Marine Science, Sequim, WA michael.huesemann@pnl.gov Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - September 2002 SP - 621 EP - 633 VL - 34 IS - 7 SN - 0016-3287, 0016-3287 KW - Subjectivity KW - Policy Making KW - Scientific Research KW - Environmental Policy KW - Public Policy KW - Bias KW - article KW - 2462: policy, planning, forecasting; policy sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60458485?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Futures&rft.atitle=The+Inherent+Biases+in+Environmental+Research+and+Their+Effects+on+Public+Policy&rft.au=Huesemann%2C+Michael+H&rft.aulast=Huesemann&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=621&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Futures&rft.issn=00163287&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - FUTUBD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bias; Subjectivity; Scientific Research; Public Policy; Environmental Policy; Policy Making ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ab initio quantum mechanical modeling of infrared vibrational frequencies of the OH group in dioctahedral phyllosilicates; Part II, Main physical factors governing the OH vibrations AN - 52065289; 2002-067180 AB - The physical factors responsible for the variability observed in OH infrared (IR) fundamentals in dioctahedral phyllosilicates, due to octahedral substitution of Al (super 3+) by Mg (super 2+) , Fe (super 2+) , and Fe (super 3+) , are discussed here. The data analyzed consist of experimental frequencies as well as frequencies modeled using Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The charge of the octahedral cations surrounding the OH is one of the main factors affecting both the OH stretch and the in-plane bend; cationic electronegativity and ionic radius play important roles in the stretch and bend modes, respectively. The mass of the octahedral cations does not affect the OH fundamental vibrations. The nature of the octahedral cations alone can explain most of the variability observed in the OH in-plane bend, making this fundamental vibration the most suitable for assessing octahedral composition. Discrepancies between modeled and experimental OH stretch frequencies indicate the existence of other factors governing this fundamental vibration. Further DFT calculations indicate that apical O atoms of the tetrahedral sheet with unsatisfied charges due to octahedral and/or tetrahedral substitutions can explain these discrepancies. The modeling results are utilized to predict the frequency of the OH stretch and in-plane-bend combination band that occurs near 4545 cm (super -1) (2.2 mu m) in phyllosilicates. This band can be observed in imaging spectrometer data, allowing for the detection and analysis of phyllosilicates and other minerals in large natural systems. The modeling results confirm that the variability observed in the combination band of dioctahedral phyllosilicates reflects octahedral and, to a certain degree, tetrahedral composition, but not interlayer composition. JF - American Mineralogist AU - Martinez-Alonso, Sara AU - Rustad, James R AU - Goetz, Alexander F H Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - September 2002 SP - 1224 EP - 1234 PB - Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC VL - 87 IS - 8-9 SN - 0003-004X, 0003-004X KW - silicates KW - mechanical properties KW - frequency KW - electronegativity KW - infrared spectra KW - models KW - hydroxides KW - physical properties KW - vibration KW - oxides KW - cations KW - sheet silicates KW - spectra KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52065289?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=Ab+initio+quantum+mechanical+modeling+of+infrared+vibrational+frequencies+of+the+OH+group+in+dioctahedral+phyllosilicates%3B+Part+II%2C+Main+physical+factors+governing+the+OH+vibrations&rft.au=Martinez-Alonso%2C+Sara%3BRustad%2C+James+R%3BGoetz%2C+Alexander+F+H&rft.aulast=Martinez-Alonso&rft.aufirst=Sara&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=8-9&rft.spage=1224&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Mineralogist&rft.issn=0003004X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ammin.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 44 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AMMIAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cations; electronegativity; frequency; hydroxides; infrared spectra; mechanical properties; models; oxides; physical properties; sheet silicates; silicates; spectra; vibration ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ab initio quantum mechanical modeling of infrared vibrational frequencies of the OH group in dioctahedral phyllosilicates; Part I, Methods, results and comparison to experimental data AN - 52061755; 2002-067179 AB - The infrared (IR) spectra of small clusters of atoms ([MM'(OH) (sub 2) ] and [MM'(OH) (sub 2) (H (sub 2) O) (sub 6) ], where M, M'= Al (super 3+) , Mg (super 2+) , Fe (super 2+) , Fe (super 3+) ) mimicking the environment of the OH group in dioctahedral phyllosilicates have been modeled using ab initio quantum mechanical calculations. These modeling results are relevant to establishing the connections between IR spectra of phyllosilicates and their composition, and to investigate the utility of quantum mechanical models for calculating IR frequencies of minerals. This study focused on the OH stretch and in-plane bend fundamentals, because they give rise to a combination band near 4545 cm (super -1) (2.2 mu m) that can be observed in imaging spectrometer or hyperspectral remote sensing data. A comparison among results obtained using both ab initio [Hartree-Fock (HF) and Density Functional Theory (DFT)], and semi-empirical [PM3(tm)] methods, showed that the DFT model approaches IR frequency experimental values most closely. IR spectra of phyllosilicates were modeled using the DFT method. The modeled frequencies were scaled using a mode-dependent linear transformation, and experimental frequencies were reproduced satisfactorily. The modeling results show that most of the variability observed in the OH in-plane bend fundamental of dioctahedral phyllosilicates can be explained by the effects of neighboring octahedral cations alone. Discrepancies between modeling and experimental results in the case of the OH stretch point to the existence of factors other than the nature of the neighboring octahedral cations, such as tetrahedral substitution, affecting this fundamental mode. JF - American Mineralogist AU - Martinez-Alonso, Sara AU - Rustad, James R AU - Goetz, Alexander F H Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - September 2002 SP - 1215 EP - 1223 PB - Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC VL - 87 IS - 8-9 SN - 0003-004X, 0003-004X KW - silicates KW - models KW - hydroxides KW - experimental studies KW - vibration KW - oxides KW - sheet silicates KW - mechanical properties KW - spectra KW - frequency KW - infrared spectra KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52061755?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=Ab+initio+quantum+mechanical+modeling+of+infrared+vibrational+frequencies+of+the+OH+group+in+dioctahedral+phyllosilicates%3B+Part+I%2C+Methods%2C+results+and+comparison+to+experimental+data&rft.au=Martinez-Alonso%2C+Sara%3BRustad%2C+James+R%3BGoetz%2C+Alexander+F+H&rft.aulast=Martinez-Alonso&rft.aufirst=Sara&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=8-9&rft.spage=1215&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Mineralogist&rft.issn=0003004X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ammin.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 70 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AMMIAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - experimental studies; frequency; hydroxides; infrared spectra; mechanical properties; models; oxides; sheet silicates; silicates; spectra; vibration ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Hanford Site; environmental report for calendar year 2001 AN - 51962373; 2003-054844 JF - Hanford Site; environmental report for calendar year 2001 A2 - Poston, T. M. A2 - Hanf, R. W. A2 - Dirkes, R. L. A2 - Morasch, L. F. Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - September 2002 KW - United States KW - Resource Conservation and Recovery Act KW - soil vapor extraction KW - annual report KW - Grant County Washington KW - Franklin County Washington KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - environmental management KW - report KW - pump-and-treat KW - Benton County Washington KW - Superfund sites KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - programs KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - effluents KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51962373?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Hanford+Site%3B+environmental+report+for+calendar+year+2001&rft.title=Hanford+Site%3B+environmental+report+for+calendar+year+2001&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Availability - U. S. Department of Commerce, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 99 tables, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rate controls for heterogeneous electron transfer at Fe(III)-oxide surfaces AN - 51679233; 2005-063976 JF - Abstracts of the ... General Meeting of the International Mineralogical Association AU - Rosso, Kevin M AU - Zachara, J M AU - Parsons, Ian Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - September 2002 SP - 106 PB - International Mineralogical Association, [location varies] VL - 18 KW - iron oxides KW - coordination KW - bonding KW - iron KW - hydroxyl ion KW - ferric iron KW - hematite KW - metals KW - theoretical models KW - oxides KW - heterogeneity KW - mineral surface KW - Eh KW - electrons KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51679233?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+the+...+General+Meeting+of+the+International+Mineralogical+Association&rft.atitle=Rate+controls+for+heterogeneous+electron+transfer+at+Fe%28III%29-oxide+surfaces&rft.au=Rosso%2C+Kevin+M%3BZachara%2C+J+M%3BParsons%2C+Ian&rft.aulast=Rosso&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=&rft.spage=106&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+the+...+General+Meeting+of+the+International+Mineralogical+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 18th general meeting of the International Mineralogical Association N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03852 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bonding; coordination; Eh; electrons; ferric iron; hematite; heterogeneity; hydroxyl ion; iron; iron oxides; metals; mineral surface; oxides; theoretical models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potential proton sites in high-pressure silicates AN - 51676920; 2005-063888 JF - Abstracts of the ... General Meeting of the International Mineralogical Association AU - Ross, N L AU - Gibbs, G V AU - Rosso, Kevin M AU - Parsons, Ian Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - September 2002 SP - 80 PB - International Mineralogical Association, [location varies] VL - 18 KW - silicates KW - silica minerals KW - coordination KW - olivine group KW - crystal structure KW - bonding KW - protons KW - solution KW - perovskite structure KW - coesite KW - ringwoodite KW - laboratory studies KW - theoretical studies KW - phase equilibria KW - wadsleyite KW - orthosilicates KW - framework silicates KW - synthesis KW - P-T conditions KW - electrons KW - water KW - experimental studies KW - pressure KW - physicochemical properties KW - high pressure KW - nesosilicates KW - hydration KW - 17A:General geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51676920?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+the+...+General+Meeting+of+the+International+Mineralogical+Association&rft.atitle=Potential+proton+sites+in+high-pressure+silicates&rft.au=Ross%2C+N+L%3BGibbs%2C+G+V%3BRosso%2C+Kevin+M%3BParsons%2C+Ian&rft.aulast=Ross&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=&rft.spage=80&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+the+...+General+Meeting+of+the+International+Mineralogical+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 18th general meeting of the International Mineralogical Association N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03852 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bonding; coesite; coordination; crystal structure; electrons; experimental studies; framework silicates; high pressure; hydration; laboratory studies; nesosilicates; olivine group; orthosilicates; P-T conditions; perovskite structure; phase equilibria; physicochemical properties; pressure; protons; ringwoodite; silica minerals; silicates; solution; synthesis; theoretical studies; wadsleyite; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of Mn oxides on the reduction of uranium(VI) by the metal-reducing bacterium Shewanella putrefaciens AN - 51336023; 2002-075029 AB - The potential for Mn oxides to modify the biogeochemical behavior of U during reduction by the subsurface bacterium Shewanella putrefaciens strain CN32 was investigated using synthetic Mn(III/IV) oxides (pyrolusite [beta -MnO (sub 2) ], bixbyite [Mn (sub 2) O (sub 3) ] and K (super +) -birnessite [K (sub 4) Mn (sub 14) O (sub 27) .8H (sub 2) O]). In the absence of bacteria, pyrolusite and bixbyite oxidized biogenic uraninite (UO (sub 2) [s]) to soluble U(VI) species, with bixbyite being the most rapid oxidant. The Mn(III/IV) oxides lowered the bioreduction rate of U(VI) relative to rates in their absence or in the presence of gibbsite (Al[OH] (sub 3) ) added as a non-redox-reactive surface. Evolved Mn(II) increased with increasing initial U(VI) concentration in the biotic experiments, indicating that valence cycling of U facilitated the reduction of Mn(III/IV). Despite an excess of the Mn oxide, 43 to 100% of the initial U was bioreduced after extended incubation. Analysis of thin sections of bacterial Mn oxide suspensions revealed that the reduced U resided in the periplasmic space of the bacterial cells. However, in the absence of Mn(III/IV) oxides, UO (sub 2) (s) accumulated as copious fine-grained particles external to the cell. These results indicate that the presence of Mn(III/IV) oxides may impede the biological reduction of U(VI) in subsoils and sediments. However, the accumulation of U(IV) in the cell periplasm may physically protect reduced U from oxidation, promoting at least a temporal state of redox disequilibria. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Fredrickson, James K AU - Zachara, John M AU - Kennedy, David W AU - Liu, Chongxuan AU - Duff, Martine C AU - Hunter, Douglas B AU - Dohnalkova, Alice Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - September 2002 SP - 3247 EP - 3262 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 66 IS - 18 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - data processing KW - Shewanella putrefaciens KW - organo-metallics KW - X-ray spectra KW - TEM data KW - Shewanella KW - XANES spectra KW - biogenic processes KW - metals KW - Fourier analysis KW - bacteria KW - manganese oxides KW - EXAFS data KW - oxides KW - uranium KW - spectra KW - reduction KW - geochemistry KW - actinides KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51336023?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Influence+of+Mn+oxides+on+the+reduction+of+uranium%28VI%29+by+the+metal-reducing+bacterium+Shewanella+putrefaciens&rft.au=Fredrickson%2C+James+K%3BZachara%2C+John+M%3BKennedy%2C+David+W%3BLiu%2C+Chongxuan%3BDuff%2C+Martine+C%3BHunter%2C+Douglas+B%3BDohnalkova%2C+Alice&rft.aulast=Fredrickson&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=18&rft.spage=3247&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2802%2900928-6 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 72 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; bacteria; biogenic processes; data processing; EXAFS data; Fourier analysis; geochemistry; manganese oxides; metals; organo-metallics; oxides; reduction; Shewanella; Shewanella putrefaciens; spectra; TEM data; uranium; X-ray diffraction data; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(02)00928-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sources and migration of plutonium in groundwater at the Savannah River Site AN - 50274018; 2007-100486 JF - Environmental Science & Technology, ES & T AU - Dai, Minhan AU - Kelley, James M AU - Buesseler, Ken O Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - September 2002 SP - 3690 EP - 3699 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 36 IS - 17 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - United States KW - Pu-240/Pu-239 KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - concentration KW - in situ KW - South Carolina KW - isotopes KW - plutonium KW - isotope ratios KW - pollution KW - observation wells KW - migration of elements KW - environmental analysis KW - seepage KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - radioactive isotopes KW - detection KW - metals KW - nuclear facilities KW - Savannah River Site KW - actinides KW - chemical fractionation KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50274018?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.atitle=Sources+and+migration+of+plutonium+in+groundwater+at+the+Savannah+River+Site&rft.au=Dai%2C+Minhan%3BKelley%2C+James+M%3BBuesseler%2C+Ken+O&rft.aulast=Dai&rft.aufirst=Minhan&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=17&rft.spage=3690&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/journals/esthag/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 48 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ESTHAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; chemical fractionation; concentration; detection; environmental analysis; ground water; in situ; isotope ratios; isotopes; metals; migration of elements; nuclear facilities; observation wells; plutonium; pollution; Pu-240/Pu-239; radioactive isotopes; Savannah River Site; seepage; South Carolina; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relationships between soil microbial biomass determined by chloroform fumigation-extraction, substrate-induced respiration, and phospholipid fatty acid analysis AN - 18607654; 5515933 AB - The soil microbial biomass (SMB) is responsible for many of the cycles and transformations of nutrients in soils. Three methods of measuring and describing this pool in soil are: (1) chloroform fumigation-extraction (CFE), (2) substrate-induced respiration, and (3) total extractable phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA). This study was conducted to seek a relationship between microbial PLFA and measures of SMB. Microbial PLFA was best predicted by CFE (R super(2) = 0.77); 1 nmol of PLFA corresponded to a flush of 2.4 mu g C released by fumigation. This conversion factor will be useful in discussions of microbial populations and diversity and allow comparisons to literature in which only CFE is used to describe the size of the microbial biomass. JF - Soil Biology and Biochemistry AU - Bailey, V L AU - Peacock, AD AU - Smith, J L AU - Bolton, H Jr AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, MSIN P7-50, Richland, WA 99352, USA, vanessa.bailey@pnl.gov Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - Sep 2002 SP - 1385 EP - 1389 VL - 34 IS - 9 SN - 0038-0717, 0038-0717 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04001:Methodology - general KW - D 04600:Soil UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18607654?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Biology+and+Biochemistry&rft.atitle=Relationships+between+soil+microbial+biomass+determined+by+chloroform+fumigation-extraction%2C+substrate-induced+respiration%2C+and+phospholipid+fatty+acid+analysis&rft.au=Bailey%2C+V+L%3BPeacock%2C+AD%3BSmith%2C+J+L%3BBolton%2C+H+Jr&rft.aulast=Bailey&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1385&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Biology+and+Biochemistry&rft.issn=00380717&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - DNA-Targeted 2-Nitroimidazoles: Studies of the Influence of the Phenanthridine-Linked Nitroimidazoles, 2-NLP-3 and 2-NLP-4, on DNA Damage Induced by Ionizing Radiation AN - 18461034; 5439287 AB - The nitroimidazole-linked phenanthridines 2-NLP-3 (5-[3-(2-nitro-1-imidazoyl)-propyl]-phenanthridinium bromide) and 2-NLP-4 (5-[3-(2-nitro-1-imidazoyl)-butyl]-phenanthridinium bromide) are composed of the radiosensitizer, 2-nitroimidazole, attached to the DNA intercalator phenanthridine by a 3- and 4-carbon linker, respectively. Previous in vitro assays showed both compounds to be 10-100 times more efficient as hypoxic cell radiosensitizers (based on external drug concentrations) than the untargeted 2-nitroimidazole radiosensitizer, misonidazole (Cowan et al., Radiat. Res. 127, 81-89, 1991). Here we have used a 32P postlabeling assay and 5'-end-labeled oligonucleotide assay to compare the radiation-induced DNA damage generated in the presence of 2-NLP-3, 2-NLP-4, phenanthridine and misonidazole. After irradiation of the DNA under anoxic conditions, we observed a significantly greater level of 3'-phosphoglycolate DNA damage in the presence of 2-NLP-3 or 2-NLP-4 compared to irradiation of the DNA in the presence of misonidazole. This may account at least in part for the greater cellular radiosensitization shown by the nitroimidazole-linked phenanthridines over misonidazole. Of the two nitroimidazole-linked phenanthridines, the better in vitro radiosensitizer, 2-NLP-4, generated more 3'-phosphoglycolate in DNA than did 2-NLP-3. At all concentrations, phenanthridine had little effect on the levels of DNA damage, suggesting that the enhanced radiosensitization displayed by 2-NLP-3 and 2-NLP-4 is due to the localization of the 2-nitroimidazole to the DNA by the phenanthridine substituent and not to radiosensitization by the phenanthridine moiety itself. JF - Radiation Research AU - Buchko, G W AU - Weinfeld, M AD - Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, michaelw@cancerboard.ab.ca Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - Sep 2002 SP - 302 EP - 310 PB - The Radiation Research Society VL - 158 IS - 3 SN - 0033-7587, 0033-7587 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24210:Radiation & radioactive materials UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18461034?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+Research&rft.atitle=DNA-Targeted+2-Nitroimidazoles%3A+Studies+of+the+Influence+of+the+Phenanthridine-Linked+Nitroimidazoles%2C+2-NLP-3+and+2-NLP-4%2C+on+DNA+Damage+Induced+by+Ionizing+Radiation&rft.au=Buchko%2C+G+W%3BWeinfeld%2C+M&rft.aulast=Buchko&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=158&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=302&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+Research&rft.issn=00337587&rft_id=info:doi/10.1043%2F0033-7587%282002%29158%280302%3ADTNSOT%292.0.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1043/0033-7587(2002)158(0302:DTNSOT)2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Role for NMR in structural genomics AN - 1034817010; 17027036 AB - The 2nd EMSL Workshop on Structural Genomics was held on 28th and 29th July 2000 at the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory at the Department of Energy's Pacific Northwest National Laboratory in Richland, WA. The workshop focused on four topics: 1. The role for NMR in structural and functional genomics; 2. The technical challenges NMR faces for structural and functional genomics; 3. The potential need for a national NMR center for structural and functional genomics in the United States; and 4. Organization of the NMR community. This report summarizes the workshop proceedings and conclusions reached regarding the role of NMR in the emerging fields of structural and functional genomics. JF - Journal of Structural and Functional Genomics AU - Kennedy, Michael A AU - Montelione, Gaetano T AU - Arrowsmith, Cheryl H AU - Markley, John L AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - Sep 2002 SP - 155 EP - 169 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 2 IS - 3 SN - 1345-711X, 1345-711X KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - Conferences KW - Energy KW - N.M.R. KW - Structure-function relationships KW - genomics KW - W 30910:Imaging KW - G 07880:Human Genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1034817010?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Structural+and+Functional+Genomics&rft.atitle=Role+for+NMR+in+structural+genomics&rft.au=Kennedy%2C+Michael+A%3BMontelione%2C+Gaetano+T%3BArrowsmith%2C+Cheryl+H%3BMarkley%2C+John+L&rft.aulast=Kennedy&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=155&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Structural+and+Functional+Genomics&rft.issn=1345711X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1023%2FA%3A1021261026670 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-09-10 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Conferences; Structure-function relationships; Energy; N.M.R.; genomics DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1021261026670 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Global analysis of the Deinococcus radiodurans proteome by using accurate mass tags AN - 18453403; 5431877 AB - Understanding biological systems and the roles of their constituents is facilitated by the ability to make quantitative, sensitive, and comprehensive measurements of how their proteome changes, e.g., in response to environmental perturbations. To this end, we have developed a high-throughput methodology to characterize an organism's dynamic proteome based on the combination of global enzymatic digestion, high-resolution liquid chromatographic separations, and analysis by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. The peptides produced serve as accurate mass tags for the proteins and have been used to identify with high confidence >61% of the predicted proteome for the ionizing radiation-resistant bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans. This fraction represents the broadest proteome coverage for any organism to date and includes 715 proteins previously annotated as either hypothetical or conserved hypothetical. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA AU - Lipton AU - Pasa-Tolic, L AU - Anderson, G A AU - Anderson, D J AU - Auberry, D L AU - Battista, J R AU - Daly, MJ AU - Fredrickson, J AU - Hixson, K K AU - Kostandarithes, H AU - Masselon, C AU - Markillie, L M AU - Moore, R J AU - Romine, M F AD - Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Biogeochemistry, Molecular Biosciences, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MSIN: K8-98, Richland, WA 99352, rds@pnl.gov Y1 - 2002/08/20/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Aug 20 SP - 11049 EP - 11054 VL - 99 IS - 17 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - analysis KW - proteomes KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 350:Bioinformatics KW - J 02727:Amino acids, peptides and proteins UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18453403?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences%2C+USA&rft.atitle=Global+analysis+of+the+Deinococcus+radiodurans+proteome+by+using+accurate+mass+tags&rft.au=Lipton%3BPasa-Tolic%2C+L%3BAnderson%2C+G+A%3BAnderson%2C+D+J%3BAuberry%2C+D+L%3BBattista%2C+J+R%3BDaly%2C+MJ%3BFredrickson%2C+J%3BHixson%2C+K+K%3BKostandarithes%2C+H%3BMasselon%2C+C%3BMarkillie%2C+L+M%3BMoore%2C+R+J%3BRomine%2C+M+F&rft.aulast=Lipton&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2002-08-20&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=17&rft.spage=11049&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences%2C+USA&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/10.1073%2Fpnas.172170199 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.172170199 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phorbol ester induces elevated oxidative activity and alkalization in a subset of lysosomes. AN - 71978616; 12165102 AB - BACKGROUNDLysosomes are acidic organelles that play multiple roles in various cellular oxidative activities such as the oxidative burst during cytotoxic killing. It remains to be determined how lysosomal lumen oxidative activity and pH interact and are regulated. Here, I report the use of fluorescent probes to measure oxidative activity and pH of lysosomes in live macrophages upon treatment with the tumor promotor phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), and providing new insight on regulation mechanism of oxidative activity and pH.RESULTSThe substrate used to measure oxidative activity was bovine serum albumin covalently coupled to dihydro-2',4,5,6,7,7'-hexafluorofluorescein (OxyBURST Green H2HFF BSA). During pulse-chase procedures with live macrophages, this reduced dye was internalized through an endocytic pathway and accumulated in the lysosomes. Oxidation of this compound, which results in fluorescence increases, depends on the redox potential in the lysosomal lumen. By using low-light level fluorescence microscopy, I determined that phorbol ester treatment results in increased oxidative activity and pH elevation in different subsets of lysosomes. Furthermore, lysosomes with stronger oxidative activity tend to exclude an acidotropic lysosomal indicator, and thus exhibit higher alkalinity.CONCLUSIONResults indicate that there is a regulatory mechanism between lysosomal oxidative activity and pH. Activation of lysosomal Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate (NADPH) oxidase by phorbol ester may result in increase of intralysosomal O2- and H2O2, concurrent with pH elevation due to consumption of H+ and generation of OH-. Furthermore, effect of phorbol ester on elevated oxidative activity and pH is heterogeneous among total lysosomal population. Higher oxidative activity and/or pH are only observed in subsets of lysosomes. JF - BMC cell biology AU - Chen, Chii-Shiarng AD - Molecular Bioscience, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA. chii-shiarng.chen@pnl.gov Y1 - 2002/08/06/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Aug 06 SP - 21 VL - 3 KW - Fluorescent Dyes KW - 0 KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Index Medicus KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - Microscopy, Fluorescence KW - Animals KW - Macrophages -- chemistry KW - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration -- drug effects KW - Mice KW - Fluorescent Dyes -- chemistry KW - Macrophages -- drug effects KW - Models, Biological KW - Cell Line KW - Macrophages -- metabolism KW - Lysosomes -- chemistry KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Lysosomes -- metabolism KW - Lysosomes -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71978616?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BMC+cell+biology&rft.atitle=Phorbol+ester+induces+elevated+oxidative+activity+and+alkalization+in+a+subset+of+lysosomes.&rft.au=Chen%2C+Chii-Shiarng&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Chii-Shiarng&rft.date=2002-08-06&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=21&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BMC+cell+biology&rft.issn=1471-2121&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-08-23 N1 - Date created - 2002-08-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Virchows Arch B Cell Pathol Incl Mol Pathol. 1993;64(6):401-6 [8148962] J Leukoc Biol. 1989 Mar;45(3):239-48 [2538531] APMIS. 1988 Jan;96(1):3-13 [3278721] Blood. 1986 Feb;67(2):334-42 [3002523] J Clin Invest. 1981 May;67(5):1541-9 [7229038] J Cell Biol. 1996 Nov;135(3):611-22 [8909537] Metabolism. 1996 Sep;45(9):1069-79 [8781293] J Immunol Methods. 1990 Jul 3;130(2):223-33 [2165099] Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol. 1990;25(6):385-414 [2127241] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 May 26;95(11):6373-8 [9600972] Histochem J. 1997 Nov-Dec;29(11-12):857-65 [9466153] Biophys J. 1998 Jan;74(1):90-7 [9449313] Bioessays. 1996 Nov;18(11):895-903 [8939067] Clin Chim Acta. 1999 Feb;280(1-2):173-9 [10090534] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A re-evaluation of the 131I atmospheric releases from the Hanford site. AN - 71929772; 12132709 AB - The atmospheric release of 131I from the Hanford site for the 1950's and 1960's, focused on the period of releases after the year 1950, has been re-evaluated using processing plant stack monitoring data to address a series of questions and concerns that have arisen related to the source term. Historical stack monitoring data have been used to re-assess the releases by creating either a release factor to use with the calculated plant throughput or using the stack monitoring results as the basic estimate, and the results have been verified using historical atmospheric monitoring data from a location several kilometers distant. Uncertainties in all of the historical data have been addressed in the re-assessment. Compared to the original estimate between 1950 and 1971 of 2.46 +/- 0.71 PBq, the stack monitoring results show a release of 131I to the atmosphere of 1.55 +/- 0.23 PBq. The concurrent atmospheric monitoring results imply a release of 1.75 +/- 0.11 PBq over the same period, but this result is inflated by inclusion of global fallout The total effective dose estimated to a full-time, nearby adult resident from 131I using the Heeb source term from 1950 through 1972 is 0.73 mSv; using the source term based on stack monitoring data in the Hanford Environmental Dose Reconstruction project models, it is 0.51 mSv. JF - Health physics AU - Napier, B A AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA. Bruce.Napier@pnl.gov Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 204 EP - 226 VL - 83 IS - 2 SN - 0017-9078, 0017-9078 KW - Air Pollutants, Radioactive KW - 0 KW - Iodine Radioisotopes KW - Index Medicus KW - Radiation Dosage KW - Washington KW - Time Factors KW - Radiation Monitoring KW - Iodine Radioisotopes -- analysis KW - Air Pollutants, Radioactive -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71929772?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+physics&rft.atitle=A+re-evaluation+of+the+131I+atmospheric+releases+from+the+Hanford+site.&rft.au=Napier%2C+B+A&rft.aulast=Napier&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=204&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+physics&rft.issn=00179078&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-07-31 N1 - Date created - 2002-07-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - EXAFS study of rare-earth element coordination in calcite AN - 52067502; 2002-064974 AB - Extended X-ray absorption fine-structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy is used to characterize the local coordination of selected rare-earth elements (Nd (super 3+) , Sm (super 3+) , Dy (super 3+) , Yb (super 3+) ) coprecipitated with calcite in minor concentrations from room-temperature aqueous solutions. Fitting results confirm substitution in the Ca site, but first-shell Nd-O and Sm-O distances are longer than the Ca-O distance in calcite and longer than what is consistent with ionic radii sums for sixfold coordination in the octahedral Ca site. In contrast, first-shell Dy-O and Yb-O distances are shorter than the Ca-O distance and are consistent with ionic radii sums for sixfold coordination. Comparison of Nd-O and Sm-O bond lengths with those in lanthanide sesquioxides and with ionic radii trends across the lanthanide series suggests that Nd (super 3+) and Sm (super 3+) have sevenfold coordination in a modified Ca site in calcite. This would require some disruption of the local structure, with an expected decrease in stability, and possibly a different charge compensation mechanism between Nd and Sm vs. Yb and Dy. A possible explanation for the increased coordination for the larger rare-earth elements involves bidentate ligation from a CO (sub 3) group. Because trivalent actinides such as Am (super 3+) and Cm (super 3+) have ionic radii similar to Nd (super 3+) , their incorporation in calcite may result in a similar defect structure. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Elzinga, E J AU - Reeder, R J AU - Withers, S H AU - Peale, R E AU - Mason, R A AU - Beck, K M AU - Hess, W P Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 2875 EP - 2885 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 66 IS - 16 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - dysprosium KW - experimental studies KW - oxygen KW - coordination KW - crystal structure KW - bonding KW - aqueous solutions KW - calcite KW - laboratory studies KW - metals KW - mineral data KW - EXAFS data KW - ytterbium KW - samarium KW - rare earths KW - trace elements KW - synthesis KW - neodymium KW - crystal chemistry KW - carbonates KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52067502?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=EXAFS+study+of+rare-earth+element+coordination+in+calcite&rft.au=Elzinga%2C+E+J%3BReeder%2C+R+J%3BWithers%2C+S+H%3BPeale%2C+R+E%3BMason%2C+R+A%3BBeck%2C+K+M%3BHess%2C+W+P&rft.aulast=Elzinga&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=16&rft.spage=2875&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2802%2900888-8 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aqueous solutions; bonding; calcite; carbonates; coordination; crystal chemistry; crystal structure; dysprosium; EXAFS data; experimental studies; laboratory studies; metals; mineral data; neodymium; oxygen; rare earths; samarium; synthesis; trace elements; ytterbium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(02)00888-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of regularized discrimination analysis to regional seismic event identification AN - 52027825; 2003-010760 AB - We present multivariate seismic event identification methods that can be applied to a large number of highly correlated regional discriminants. The methods employ the ridge discrimination techniques first proposed by Smidt and McDonald (1976). Ridge discrimination was developed to address the problems associated with discrimination in high-dimension, colinear settings and is readily adaptable to linear, quadratic, and outlier identification rules. Ridge discrimination is a special case of regularized discrimination analysis (RDA) developed by Friedman (1989). RDA includes linear discrimination (LDA), quadratic discrimination (QDA), and Euclidean distance-based nearest mean discrimination in its parameterization. We propose a new approach to the optimal selection of RDA parameters. We show that the techniques presented in this article can be used to transition from an outlier analysis approach to seismic identification to classical discrimination, as quality explosion calibration data are collected. We demonstrate the importance of including the correlation structure between seismic measurements in event identification. Not including this correlation structure in any identification framework can aggravate identification errors and give an erroneous impression of capability. With the techniques presented, a large number of discriminants can be used and no a priori subselection of discriminants is necessary. JF - Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America AU - Anderson, Dale N AU - Taylor, Steven R Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 2391 EP - 2399 PB - Seismological Society of America, Berkeley, CA VL - 92 IS - 6 SN - 0037-1106, 0037-1106 KW - discriminant analysis KW - explosions KW - statistical analysis KW - calibration KW - spatial distribution KW - errors KW - factors KW - seismicity KW - identification KW - mathematical methods KW - algorithms KW - earthquakes KW - accuracy KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52027825?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+the+Seismological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Application+of+regularized+discrimination+analysis+to+regional+seismic+event+identification&rft.au=Anderson%2C+Dale+N%3BTaylor%2C+Steven+R&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.aufirst=Dale&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=92&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2391&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+the+Seismological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00371106&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - BSSAAP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; algorithms; calibration; discriminant analysis; earthquakes; errors; explosions; factors; identification; mathematical methods; seismicity; spatial distribution; statistical analysis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A vadose zone water fluxmeter with divergence control AN - 52012449; 2003-022282 JF - Water Resources Research AU - Gee, G W AU - Ward, A L AU - Caldwell, T G AU - Ritter, J C Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 7 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 38 IS - 8 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - solute transport KW - soils KW - water storage KW - water supply KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - moisture KW - drainage KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - techniques KW - fluid dynamics KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - sampling KW - lysimeters KW - instruments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52012449?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=A+vadose+zone+water+fluxmeter+with+divergence+control&rft.au=Gee%2C+G+W%3BWard%2C+A+L%3BCaldwell%2C+T+G%3BRitter%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Gee&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2001WR000816 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - drainage; fluid dynamics; ground water; instruments; lysimeters; moisture; monitoring; pollutants; pollution; sampling; simulation; soils; solute transport; techniques; unsaturated zone; water storage; water supply DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2001WR000816 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regulation and assembly of extracellular polymeric substances by the facultative metal reducing bacterium Shewanella oneidensis strain MR-1 AN - 51889222; 2004-013564 JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Gorby, Y A AU - McLean, J AU - Pinchuk, G AU - Hill, E A AU - Dohnalkova, Alice AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 286 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 66 IS - 15A SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - experimental studies KW - biochemistry KW - Shewanella putrefaciens KW - TEM data KW - Shewanella KW - iron KW - aerobic environment KW - laboratory studies KW - biogenic processes KW - metals KW - Shewanella oneidensis KW - bacteria KW - anaerobic environment KW - reduction KW - polymers KW - geochemistry KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51889222?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Regulation+and+assembly+of+extracellular+polymeric+substances+by+the+facultative+metal+reducing+bacterium+Shewanella+oneidensis+strain+MR-1&rft.au=Gorby%2C+Y+A%3BMcLean%2C+J%3BPinchuk%2C+G%3BHill%2C+E+A%3BDohnalkova%2C+Alice%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gorby&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=15A&rft.spage=286&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 12th annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerobic environment; anaerobic environment; bacteria; biochemistry; biogenic processes; experimental studies; geochemistry; iron; laboratory studies; metals; polymers; reduction; Shewanella; Shewanella oneidensis; Shewanella putrefaciens; TEM data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dating ultra-deep mine waters with noble gases and (super 36) Cl, Witwatersrand Basin, South Africa AN - 51888265; 2004-015490 JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Lippmann, J AU - Stute, Martin AU - Torgersen, T AU - Moser, D P AU - Hall, J AU - Lin, Lihung AU - Borcsik, M AU - Bellamy, R E S AU - Onstott, T C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 458 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 66 IS - 15A SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - mining KW - Xe-136/Xe-132 KW - oxygen KW - underground mining KW - isotopes KW - halogens KW - Xe-134/Xe-132 KW - continental crust KW - He-4 KW - stable isotopes KW - ground water KW - radioactive isotopes KW - Ar-40/Ar-36 KW - noble gases KW - age KW - helium KW - South Africa KW - deuterium KW - geochemistry KW - Witwatersrand KW - chlorine KW - concentration KW - isotope ratios KW - Cl-36 KW - O-18/O-16 KW - xenon KW - hydrochemistry KW - depth KW - argon KW - dissolved materials KW - D/H KW - hydrogen KW - Southern Africa KW - residence time KW - Africa KW - crust KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51888265?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Dating+ultra-deep+mine+waters+with+noble+gases+and+%28super+36%29+Cl%2C+Witwatersrand+Basin%2C+South+Africa&rft.au=Lippmann%2C+J%3BStute%2C+Martin%3BTorgersen%2C+T%3BMoser%2C+D+P%3BHall%2C+J%3BLin%2C+Lihung%3BBorcsik%2C+M%3BBellamy%2C+R+E+S%3BOnstott%2C+T+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lippmann&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=15A&rft.spage=458&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 12th annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Africa; age; Ar-40/Ar-36; argon; chlorine; Cl-36; concentration; continental crust; crust; D/H; depth; deuterium; dissolved materials; geochemistry; ground water; halogens; He-4; helium; hydrochemistry; hydrogen; isotope ratios; isotopes; mining; noble gases; O-18/O-16; oxygen; radioactive isotopes; residence time; South Africa; Southern Africa; stable isotopes; underground mining; Witwatersrand; Xe-134/Xe-132; Xe-136/Xe-132; xenon ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 12th annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference AN - 51875459; 2004-019333 JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Icenhower, J P AU - McGrail, B P AU - Luettge, A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 351 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 66 IS - 15A SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - silicates KW - experimental studies KW - data processing KW - alkali metals KW - phase transitions KW - sodium KW - silicon KW - radioactive waste KW - laboratory studies KW - theoretical studies KW - borosilicates KW - chemical reactions KW - aluminosilicates KW - dissolved materials KW - metals KW - data bases KW - boron KW - ion exchange KW - waste disposal KW - glass materials KW - geochemistry KW - disposal barriers KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51875459?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=12th+annual+V.+M.+Goldschmidt+conference&rft.au=Icenhower%2C+J+P%3BMcGrail%2C+B+P%3BLuettge%2C+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Icenhower&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=15A&rft.spage=351&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 12th annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; aluminosilicates; boron; borosilicates; chemical reactions; data bases; data processing; disposal barriers; dissolved materials; experimental studies; geochemistry; glass materials; ion exchange; laboratory studies; metals; phase transitions; radioactive waste; silicates; silicon; sodium; theoretical studies; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dissolution kinetics of UO (sub 2) (cr) AN - 51869865; 2004-028361 JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Pierce, E M AU - Martin, W J AU - Serne, R J AU - Icenhower, J P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 602 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 66 IS - 15A SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - uranium dioxide KW - experimental studies KW - mineral-water interface KW - solution KW - chemical reactions KW - saturation KW - metals KW - oxides KW - uranium KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - actinides KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51869865?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Dissolution+kinetics+of+UO+%28sub+2%29+%28cr%29&rft.au=Pierce%2C+E+M%3BMartin%2C+W+J%3BSerne%2C+R+J%3BIcenhower%2C+J+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Pierce&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=15A&rft.spage=602&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 12th annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; chemical reactions; experimental studies; geochemistry; kinetics; metals; mineral-water interface; oxides; saturation; solution; uranium; uranium dioxide ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Theoretical evaluation of electron transfer kinetics at Fe(III)-oxide surfaces with implications for microbial respiration AN - 51865400; 2004-028458 JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Rosso, K M AU - Zachara, J M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 650 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 66 IS - 15A SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - respiration KW - iron oxides KW - rates KW - iron KW - ferric iron KW - theoretical studies KW - biogenic processes KW - chemical reactions KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - oxides KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - electrons KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51865400?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Theoretical+evaluation+of+electron+transfer+kinetics+at+Fe%28III%29-oxide+surfaces+with+implications+for+microbial+respiration&rft.au=Rosso%2C+K+M%3BZachara%2C+J+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Rosso&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=15A&rft.spage=650&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 12th annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biogenic processes; chemical reactions; electrons; ferric iron; geochemistry; iron; iron oxides; kinetics; metals; oxides; rates; respiration; theoretical studies ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The structure of hematite (0001) surfaces in water; STM and resonant tunneling calculations of coexisting O and Fe terminations AN - 51863418; 2004-021131 JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Eggleston, Carrick M AU - Stack, Andrew G AU - Rosso, Kevin M AU - Higgins, Steven R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 207 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 66 IS - 15A SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - resonant tunneling microscopy KW - scanning tunneling microscopy KW - oxygen KW - mineral-water interface KW - electron microscopy data KW - electrochemical properties KW - iron KW - hematite KW - metals KW - oxides KW - crystal chemistry KW - electron microscopy KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51863418?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=The+structure+of+hematite+%280001%29+surfaces+in+water%3B+STM+and+resonant+tunneling+calculations+of+coexisting+O+and+Fe+terminations&rft.au=Eggleston%2C+Carrick+M%3BStack%2C+Andrew+G%3BRosso%2C+Kevin+M%3BHiggins%2C+Steven+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Eggleston&rft.aufirst=Carrick&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=15A&rft.spage=207&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 12th annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - crystal chemistry; electrochemical properties; electron microscopy; electron microscopy data; hematite; iron; metals; mineral-water interface; oxides; oxygen; resonant tunneling microscopy; scanning tunneling microscopy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Colloid facilitated migration of radioelements; mechanisms, significance, and needed conditions AN - 51853231; 2004-036131 JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Zachara, John M AU - Flury, Markus AU - Harsh, James AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 867 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 66 IS - 15A SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - sorption KW - contaminant plumes KW - isotopes KW - unsaturated zone KW - mechanism KW - radioactive waste KW - laboratory studies KW - radioactive isotopes KW - cesium KW - transport KW - zeolite group KW - sodalite group KW - framework silicates KW - high-level waste KW - concentration KW - experimental studies KW - colloidal materials KW - Washington KW - pollutants KW - alkali metals KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - migration of elements KW - Cs-137 KW - metals KW - cancrinite KW - sheet silicates KW - sodalite KW - waste disposal KW - carbonates KW - pore water KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51853231?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Colloid+facilitated+migration+of+radioelements%3B+mechanisms%2C+significance%2C+and+needed+conditions&rft.au=Zachara%2C+John+M%3BFlury%2C+Markus%3BHarsh%2C+James%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zachara&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=15A&rft.spage=867&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 12th annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; cancrinite; carbonates; cesium; colloidal materials; concentration; contaminant plumes; Cs-137; experimental studies; framework silicates; Hanford Site; high-level waste; isotopes; laboratory studies; mechanism; metals; migration of elements; pollutants; pollution; pore water; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; sheet silicates; silicates; sodalite; sodalite group; sorption; transport; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington; waste disposal; zeolite group ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Direct synthesis of Na-autunite AN - 51852913; 2004-036056 JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Wellman, Dawn M AU - Icenhower, Jonathan P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 828 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 66 IS - 15A SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - methods KW - autunite KW - laboratory studies KW - experimental studies KW - Na-autunite KW - crystal growth KW - phosphates KW - synthesis KW - SEM data KW - new methods KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51852913?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Direct+synthesis+of+Na-autunite&rft.au=Wellman%2C+Dawn+M%3BIcenhower%2C+Jonathan+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wellman&rft.aufirst=Dawn&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=15A&rft.spage=828&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 12th annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - autunite; crystal growth; experimental studies; laboratory studies; methods; Na-autunite; new methods; phosphates; SEM data; synthesis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The reductive immobilization of pertechnetate by bioreduced sediments AN - 51340940; 2004-028282 JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - McKinley, J P AU - Zachara, J M AU - Heald, S M AU - Frederickson, J K AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 502 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 66 IS - 15A SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - Shewanella putrefaciens KW - rhodochrosite KW - Shewanella KW - iron KW - XANES spectra KW - laboratory studies KW - mica group KW - Tennessee KW - sediments KW - manganese oxides KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - reduction KW - geochemistry KW - Eh KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - technetium KW - experimental studies KW - Washington KW - Hanford Site KW - pertechnetate KW - X-ray spectra KW - weathering KW - biogenic processes KW - metals KW - biotite KW - bacteria KW - sheet silicates KW - carbonates KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51340940?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=The+reductive+immobilization+of+pertechnetate+by+bioreduced+sediments&rft.au=McKinley%2C+J+P%3BZachara%2C+J+M%3BHeald%2C+S+M%3BFrederickson%2C+J+K%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=McKinley&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=15A&rft.spage=502&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 12th annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biogenic processes; biotite; carbonates; Eh; experimental studies; geochemistry; Hanford Site; iron; laboratory studies; manganese oxides; metals; mica group; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; oxides; pertechnetate; reduction; rhodochrosite; sediments; sheet silicates; Shewanella; Shewanella putrefaciens; silicates; spectra; technetium; Tennessee; United States; Washington; weathering; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fluid flow, heat transfer, and solute transport at nuclear waste storage tanks in the Hanford vadose zone AN - 50078454; 2002-078858 AB - At the Hanford Site, highly radioactive and chemically aggressive waste fluids have leaked from underground storage tanks into the vadose zone. This paper addresses hydrogeological issues at the 241-SX tank farm, especially focusing on Tank SX-108, which is one of the highest heat load, supernate density and ionic strength tanks at Hanford and a known leaker. The behavior of contaminants in the unsaturated zone near SX-108 is determined by an interplay of multiphase fluid flow and heat transfer processes with reactive chemical transport in a complex geological setting. Numerical simulation studies were performed to obtain a better understanding of mass and energy transport in the unique hydrogeologic system created by the SX tank farm. Problem parameters are patterned after conditions at Tank SX-108, and measured data were used whenever possible. Borrowing from techniques developed in geothermal and petroleum reservoir engineering, our simulations feature a comprehensive description of multiphase processes, including boiling and condensation phenomena, and precipitation and dissolution of solids. We find that the thermal perturbation from the tank causes large-scale redistribution of moisture and alters water seepage patterns. During periods of high heat load, fluid and heat flow near the tank are dominated by vapor-liquid counterflow (heat pipe), which provides a much more efficient mechanism than heat conduction for dissipating tank heat. The heat pipe mechanism is also very effective in concentrating dissolved solids near the heat source, where salts may precipitate even if they were only present in small concentrations in ambient fluids. Tank leaks that released aqueous fluids of high ionic strength into the vadose zone were also modeled. The heat load causes formation dry-out beneath the tank, which is accompanied by precipitation of solutes. These may become remobilized at a later time when tank temperatures decline and previously dried out regions are rewetted. Simulated temperature and moisture distributions compare well with borehole measurements performed in 2000. The temperature maximum observed beneath Tank SX-108 can be explained from past thermal history of the tank; it is not necessary to invoke heat generation from leaked radioactive contaminants. A novel composite medium model is used to explore effects of moisture tension-dependent anisotropy, which is shown to have important impacts on fluid flow and solute transport in the Hanford sediments. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Pruess, Karsten AU - Yabusaki, Steve AU - Steefel, Carl AU - Lichtner, Peter Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 68 EP - 88 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 1 IS - 1 KW - United States KW - TOUGH2 KW - solute transport KW - STOMP KW - isotopes KW - underground storage tanks KW - NUFT KW - data processing KW - unsaturated zone KW - mechanism KW - fluid phase KW - temperature KW - radioactive waste KW - radioactive isotopes KW - cesium KW - movement KW - digital simulation KW - sediments KW - Benton County Washington KW - thermodynamic properties KW - geochemistry KW - leaking underground storage tanks KW - Washington KW - FLOTRAN KW - pollutants KW - alkali metals KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - hydrochemistry KW - computer programs KW - Cs-137 KW - liquid waste KW - boiling KW - metals KW - heat transfer KW - Columbia Plateau KW - waste disposal KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50078454?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Fluid+flow%2C+heat+transfer%2C+and+solute+transport+at+nuclear+waste+storage+tanks+in+the+Hanford+vadose+zone&rft.au=Pruess%2C+Karsten%3BYabusaki%2C+Steve%3BSteefel%2C+Carl%3BLichtner%2C+Peter&rft.aulast=Pruess&rft.aufirst=Karsten&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=68&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 65 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Oct. 10, 2002 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; Benton County Washington; boiling; cesium; Columbia Plateau; computer programs; Cs-137; data processing; digital simulation; FLOTRAN; fluid phase; geochemistry; Hanford Site; heat transfer; hydrochemistry; isotopes; leaking underground storage tanks; liquid waste; mechanism; metals; movement; NUFT; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; sediments; solute transport; STOMP; temperature; thermodynamic properties; TOUGH2; underground storage tanks; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prediction of Diffusion Coefficients in Porous Media Using Tortuosity Factors Based on Interfacial Areas AN - 18708903; 5586355 AB - Determination of aqueous phase diffusion coefficients of solutes through porous media is essential for understanding and modeling contaminant transport. Prediction of diffusion coefficients in both saturated and unsaturated zones requires knowledge of tortuosity and constrictivity factors. No methods are available for the direct measurement of these factors, which are empirical in their definition. In this paper, a new definition for the tortuosity factor is proposed, as the real to ideal interfacial area ratio. We define the tortuosity factor for saturated porous media ( tau sub(s)) as the ratio S/S sub(o) (specific surface of real porous medium to that of an idealized capillary bundle). For unsaturated media, tortuosity factor ( tau sub(a)) is defined as a sub(aw)/a sub(aw,o) (ratio of the specific air-water interfacial area of real and the corresponding idealized porous medium). This tortuosity factor is suitably measured using sorptive tracers (e.g., nitrogen adsorption method) for saturated media and interfacial tracers for unsaturated media. A model based on this new definition of tortuosity factors, termed the interfacial area ratio (IAR) model, is presented for the prediction of diffusion coefficients as a function of the degree of water saturation. Diffusion coefficients and diffusive resistances measured in a number of saturated and unsaturated granular porous media, for solutes in dilute aqueous solutions, agree well with the predictions of the IAR model. A comparison of permeability of saturated sands estimated based on tau sub(s) and the same based on the Kozeny-Carman equation confirm the usefulness of the tau sub(s) parameter as a measure of tortuosity. JF - Ground Water AU - Saripalli, K P AU - Serne, R J AU - Meyer, P D AU - McGrail, B P AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 1313 Sigma V Complex (K6-81), Richland, WA 99352, USA, prasad.saripalli@pnl.gov Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 346 EP - 352 VL - 40 IS - 4 SN - 0017-467X, 0017-467X KW - tortuosity KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Prediction KW - Hydraulics KW - Diffusion Coefficient KW - Path of Pollutants KW - Interfaces KW - Groundwater flow KW - Saturation KW - Model Studies KW - Solutes KW - Solute Transport KW - Diffusion KW - Groundwater Movement KW - Hydraulic Properties KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - SW 0840:Groundwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18708903?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water&rft.atitle=Prediction+of+Diffusion+Coefficients+in+Porous+Media+Using+Tortuosity+Factors+Based+on+Interfacial+Areas&rft.au=Saripalli%2C+K+P%3BSerne%2C+R+J%3BMeyer%2C+P+D%3BMcGrail%2C+B+P&rft.aulast=Saripalli&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=346&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water&rft.issn=0017467X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hydraulics; Solutes; Interfaces; Groundwater flow; Diffusion; Saturation; Prediction; Diffusion Coefficient; Path of Pollutants; Solute Transport; Groundwater Movement; Model Studies; Hydraulic Properties ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Contribution of dichloroacetate and trichloroacetate to liver tumor induction in mice by trichloroethylene. AN - 71947120; 12127263 AB - Determining the key events in the induction of liver cancer in mice by trichloroethylene (TRI) is important in the determination of how risks from this chemical should be treated at low doses. At least two metabolites can contribute to liver cancer in mice, dichloroacetate (DCA) and trichloroacetate (TCA). TCA is produced from metabolism of TRI at systemic concentrations that can clearly contribute to this response. As a peroxisome proliferator and a species-specific carcinogen, TCA may not be important in the induction of liver cancer in humans at the low doses of TRI encountered in the environment. Because DCA is metabolized much more rapidly than TCA, it has not been possible to directly determine whether it is produced at carcinogenic levels. Unlike TCA, DCA is active as a carcinogen in both mice and rats. Its low-dose effects are not associated with peroxisome proliferation. The present study examines whether biomarkers for DCA and TCA can be used to determine if the liver tumor response to TRI seen in mice is completely attributable to TCA or if other metabolites, such as DCA, are involved. Previous work had shown that DCA produces tumors in mice that display a diffuse immunoreactivity to a c-Jun antibody (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, SC-45), whereas TCA-induced tumors do not stain with this antibody. In the present study, we compared the c-Jun phenotype of tumors induced by DCA or TCA alone to those induced when they are given together in various combinations and to those induced by TRI given in an aqueous vehicle. When given in various combinations, DCA and TCA produced a few tumors that were c-Jun+, many that were c-Jun-, but a number with a mixed phenotype that increased with the relative dose of DCA. Sixteen TRI-induced tumors were c-Jun+, 13 were c-Jun-, and 9 had a mixed phenotype. Mutations of the H-ras protooncogene were also examined in DCA-, TCA-, and TRI-induced tumors. The mutation frequency detected in tumors induced by TCA was significantly different from that observed in TRI-induced tumors (0.44 vs 0.21, p < 0.05), whereas that observed in DCA-induced tumors (0.33) was intermediate between values obtained with TCA and TRI, but not significantly different from TRI. No significant differences were found in the mutation spectra of tumors produced by the three compounds. The presence of mutations in H-ras codon 61 appeared to be a late event, but ras-dependent signaling pathways were activated in all tumors. These data are not consistent with the hypothesis that all liver tumors induced by TRI were produced by TCA. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Bull, Richard J AU - Orner, Gayle A AU - Cheng, Rita S AU - Stillwell, Lisa AU - Stauber, Anja J AU - Sasser, Lyle B AU - Lingohr, Melissa K AU - Thrall, Brian D AD - Molecular Biosciences Department, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA. dbull@tricity.wsu.edu Y1 - 2002/07/01/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jul 01 SP - 55 EP - 65 VL - 182 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - DNA, Neoplasm KW - 0 KW - Solvents KW - Trichloroethylene KW - 290YE8AR51 KW - Trichloroacetic Acid KW - 5V2JDO056X KW - Dichloroacetic Acid KW - 9LSH52S3LQ KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Solvents -- toxicity KW - Drug Interactions KW - Random Allocation KW - Mice KW - Sequence Analysis, DNA KW - DNA, Neoplasm -- chemistry KW - Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Blotting, Western KW - Genes, ras -- genetics KW - DNA, Neoplasm -- genetics KW - Mutation KW - Genes, jun -- genetics KW - Male KW - Liver Neoplasms -- pathology KW - Liver Neoplasms -- metabolism KW - Dichloroacetic Acid -- toxicity KW - Trichloroacetic Acid -- toxicity KW - Liver Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Trichloroethylene -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71947120?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Contribution+of+dichloroacetate+and+trichloroacetate+to+liver+tumor+induction+in+mice+by+trichloroethylene.&rft.au=Bull%2C+Richard+J%3BOrner%2C+Gayle+A%3BCheng%2C+Rita+S%3BStillwell%2C+Lisa%3BStauber%2C+Anja+J%3BSasser%2C+Lyle+B%3BLingohr%2C+Melissa+K%3BThrall%2C+Brian+D&rft.aulast=Bull&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=182&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=55&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-08-06 N1 - Date created - 2002-07-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fungal-to-bacterial ratios in soils investigated for enhanced C sequestration AN - 18711498; 5599866 AB - Fungi and bacteria govern most of the transformations and ensuing long-term storage of organic C in soils. We assessed the relative contributions of these two groups of organisms to the microbial biomass and activity of soils from five different ecosystems with treatments hypothesized to enhance soil C sequestration: (1) desert (an elevation gradient allowed comparison of soil developed in a cooler, moister climate with soil developed in a warmer, drier climate), (2) restored tallgrass prairie (land reverted to native prairie in 1979 and neighboring land farmed to row crops of similar to 100 year), (3,4) two forest types (Douglas fir and loblolly pine, unfertilized control and N-fertilized plots), and (5) agricultural land (conventional- and no-till management systems). The selective inhibition technique, using captan (fungicide) and oxytetracycline hydrochloride (bactericide), was used to determine the activities (respiration) of fungi and bacteria in each of these soils and substrate-induced respiration was used to measure total active soil microbial biomass C. Phospholipid fatty acid analysis was used to determine the composition of the soil microbial biomass and determine if the activities and structure of the microbial communities were related. Differences in fungal-to-bacterial (F:B) activities between treatments at a site were greatest at the prairie sites. The restored prairie had the highest F:B (13.5) and high total C (49.9 g C kg super(-1) soil); neighboring soil farmed to corn had an F:B of 0.85 and total C of 36.0 g C kg super(-1) soil. Within the pairs of study soils, those that were tilled had lower fungal activities and stored C than those that were managed to native or no-till systems. In all pairs of soils, soils that had higher absolute fungal activities also had more total soil C and when two extreme cases were removed fungal activity was correlated with total soil C (R super(2) = 0.85). Thus, in this small set of diverse soils, increased fungal activities, more than F:B ratios, were associated with increased soil C. Practices that involved invasive land management decreased fungal activity and stored soil C compared to similar soils that were less intrusively managed. JF - Soil Biology and Biochemistry AU - Bailey, V L AU - Smith, J L AU - Bolton, H Jr AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, MSIN P7-50, Richland, WA 99352, USA, vanessa.bailey@pnl.gov Y1 - 2002/07// PY - 2002 DA - Jul 2002 SP - 997 EP - 1007 VL - 34 IS - 7 SN - 0038-0717, 0038-0717 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Ecology Abstracts KW - A 01047:General KW - D 04600:Soil UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18711498?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Biology+and+Biochemistry&rft.atitle=Fungal-to-bacterial+ratios+in+soils+investigated+for+enhanced+C+sequestration&rft.au=Bailey%2C+V+L%3BSmith%2C+J+L%3BBolton%2C+H+Jr&rft.aulast=Bailey&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=997&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Biology+and+Biochemistry&rft.issn=00380717&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of soil heterogeneity on steady state soil water pressure head under a surface line source AN - 18614899; 5523443 AB - There are numerous analytical solutions available for flow in unsaturated homogeneous porous media. In this paper, the stream tube model for one-dimensional water movement is extended to two-dimensional (2-D) water movement from a line source as the stream plane model. As well, new solutions are derived to predict the mean and variance of pressure head of water movement under a surface line source in heterogeneous soil using the perturbation method with first-order approximation (PM1) and with second-order approximation (PM2). A variance expression was also developed based on the spectral relationship presented by Yeh et al. [1985a]. The new solutions were tested using the 2-D stream plane model with parameters A = ln( alpha ) and Y = ln(K sub(S)) and measurements from field experiments. Results show that the mean of steady state pressure head below the line source is not only a function of the mean parameter values but also a function of the variances of A and Y and the linear cross-correlation coefficient ( rho ) between A and Y. The PM2 model can predict the mean pressure head accurately in heterogeneous soils at any level of correlation between A and Y, except when both the soil variability and rho are high. The pressure head variance estimation based on the PM1 model predicts the measured variance well only when both the soil variability and rho are low. The field experimental results show that both the PM1 and the spectral models give reasonable predictions of the pressure head variance. Both the measured and predicted values of the variance of pressure head using the two models increase with the depth of soil. Both models show that the variance of pressure head decreases as the source strength increases, but on average, the pressure head variance was underestimated by both models. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Zhang, Z F AU - Parkin, G W AU - Kachanoski, R G AU - Smith, JE AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA, fred.zhang@pnl.gov Y1 - 2002/07// PY - 2002 DA - Jul 2002 VL - 38 IS - 7 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Flow KW - Soil Water Movement KW - Experimental Data KW - Head KW - Soil/water systems KW - Model Testing KW - Model Studies KW - Comparative studies KW - Performance Evaluation KW - Unsaturated Flow KW - Comparison Studies KW - Pressure Head KW - Heterogeneity KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0845:Water in soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18614899?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Effects+of+soil+heterogeneity+on+steady+state+soil+water+pressure+head+under+a+surface+line+source&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Z+F%3BParkin%2C+G+W%3BKachanoski%2C+R+G%3BSmith%2C+JE&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Z&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2000WR000019 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Flow; Comparative studies; Head; Soil/water systems; Heterogeneity; Experimental Data; Soil Water Movement; Performance Evaluation; Comparison Studies; Unsaturated Flow; Pressure Head; Model Testing; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2000WR000019 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Considering barometric pressure in groundwater flow investigations AN - 52031702; 2003-009761 JF - Water Resources Research AU - Spane, F A Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 18 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 38 IS - 6 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - solute transport KW - hazardous waste KW - migration KW - hydraulics KW - pollutants KW - unsaturated zone KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - fluid dynamics KW - environmental effects KW - measurement KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - water pressure KW - hydraulic head KW - levels KW - hydrodynamics KW - atmospheric pressure KW - shallow aquifers KW - water wells KW - unconfined aquifers KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52031702?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Considering+barometric+pressure+in+groundwater+flow+investigations&rft.au=Spane%2C+F+A&rft.aulast=Spane&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2001WR000701 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 44 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; atmospheric pressure; environmental effects; fluid dynamics; ground water; hazardous waste; hydraulic head; hydraulics; hydrodynamics; levels; measurement; migration; pollutants; pollution; prediction; shallow aquifers; solute transport; unconfined aquifers; unsaturated zone; water pressure; water wells DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2001WR000701 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Model intercomparison study to investigate a dense contaminant plume in a complex hydrogeologic system AN - 51168825; 2002-054603 JF - Environmental Geology (Berlin) AU - Williams, Mark D AU - Cole, Charles R AU - Foley, Michael G AU - Zinina, Galina A AU - Zinin, Alexander I (Aleksandr I) AU - Vasil'kova, Nelly A AU - Samsonova, Lilia M AU - Tsang, Chin-Fu AU - Shestakov, Vsevolod M Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 199 EP - 213 PB - Springer International, Berlin VL - 42 IS - 2-3 SN - 0943-0105, 0943-0105 KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - density KW - contaminant plumes KW - finite difference analysis KW - Russian Federation KW - simulation KW - environmental analysis KW - ground water KW - Commonwealth of Independent States KW - Kyshtym Russian Federation KW - transport KW - Southern Urals KW - Lake Karachai KW - Urals KW - hydrology KW - concentration KW - numerical models KW - pollutants KW - statistical analysis KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - migration of elements KW - evapotranspiration KW - aquifers KW - models KW - water table KW - recharge KW - Mayak Site KW - shallow aquifers KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51168825?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.atitle=Model+intercomparison+study+to+investigate+a+dense+contaminant+plume+in+a+complex+hydrogeologic+system&rft.au=Williams%2C+Mark+D%3BCole%2C+Charles+R%3BFoley%2C+Michael+G%3BZinina%2C+Galina+A%3BZinin%2C+Alexander+I+%28Aleksandr+I%29%3BVasil%27kova%2C+Nelly+A%3BSamsonova%2C+Lilia+M%3BTsang%2C+Chin-Fu%3BShestakov%2C+Vsevolod+M&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=199&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.issn=09430105&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1432-0495/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; Commonwealth of Independent States; concentration; contaminant plumes; density; environmental analysis; evapotranspiration; finite difference analysis; ground water; hydrology; Kyshtym Russian Federation; Lake Karachai; mathematical models; Mayak Site; migration of elements; models; numerical models; pollutants; pollution; recharge; Russian Federation; shallow aquifers; simulation; solutes; Southern Urals; statistical analysis; transport; Urals; water table ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The agricultural dispersal-valley drift spray drift modeling system compared with pesticide drift data. AN - 71704660; 12013131 AB - The coupling of the valley drift (VALDRIFT) atmospheric dispersion/deposition model with the agricultural dispersal (AGDISP) aircraft wake model generates a modeling system for predicting the off-target drift of pesticides sprayed in a mountain valley. The approach uses the AGDISP near-field spray model to estimate the mass fraction of pesticide remaining airborne after initial application, then the VALDRIFT complex terrain model to estimate the drift of pesticide from the target area. The modeling system inputs include detailed spray information, a measure (or estimate) of winds in the valley, and the valley topographic characteristics; the results are pesticide concentrations throughout the valley atmosphere and pesticide deposition to the valley surface. The AGDISP and VALDRIFT models are operated independently, with the results from AGDISP being used as input to VALDRIFT through user-created data files. The modeling system was evaluated using pesticide drift data from spray trials conducted in the Mill Creek Canyon of Utah's Wasatch Mountains, USA, during the late spring of 1993. The predicted deposition compared within a factor of three of the observations (70% of the time) at all sampling locations extending several kilometers down-valley from the spray treatment block. The overall average ratio of predicted-to-observed deposition was 0.9. JF - Environmental toxicology and chemistry AU - Allwine, K Jerry AU - Thistle, Harold W AU - Teske, Milton E AU - Anhold, John AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA. jerry.allwine@pnl.gov Y1 - 2002/05// PY - 2002 DA - May 2002 SP - 1085 EP - 1090 VL - 21 IS - 5 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Pesticides KW - Index Medicus KW - Altitude KW - Aircraft KW - Forecasting KW - Agriculture KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis KW - Wind KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71704660?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.atitle=The+agricultural+dispersal-valley+drift+spray+drift+modeling+system+compared+with+pesticide+drift+data.&rft.au=Allwine%2C+K+Jerry%3BThistle%2C+Harold+W%3BTeske%2C+Milton+E%3BAnhold%2C+John&rft.aulast=Allwine&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2002-05-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1085&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-11-05 N1 - Date created - 2002-05-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geostatistical mapping of effluent-affected sediment distribution on the Palos Verdes shelf AN - 51654627; 2006-002722 JF - Continental Shelf Research AU - Murray, Chris J AU - Lee, Homa J AU - Hampton, Monty A A2 - Lee, Homa J. A2 - Wiberg, Patricia L. Y1 - 2002/05// PY - 2002 DA - May 2002 SP - 881 EP - 897 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 22 IS - 6-7 SN - 0278-4343, 0278-4343 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - stream transport KW - Northeast Pacific KW - waste water KW - mapping KW - California KW - spatial distribution KW - Palos Verdes Peninsula KW - marine sediments KW - sediments KW - thickness KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - East Pacific KW - Los Angeles County California KW - concentration KW - sewage KW - sediment transport KW - pollutants KW - effluents KW - DDE KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - geostatistics KW - organic compounds KW - North Pacific KW - Pacific Ocean KW - continental shelf KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51654627?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Continental+Shelf+Research&rft.atitle=Geostatistical+mapping+of+effluent-affected+sediment+distribution+on+the+Palos+Verdes+shelf&rft.au=Murray%2C+Chris+J%3BLee%2C+Homa+J%3BHampton%2C+Monty+A&rft.aulast=Murray&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft.date=2002-05-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=6-7&rft.spage=881&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Continental+Shelf+Research&rft.issn=02784343&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/02784343 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. geol. sketch maps, 2 tables, block diag. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CSHRDZ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; continental shelf; DDE; East Pacific; effluents; geostatistics; halogenated hydrocarbons; Los Angeles County California; mapping; marine sediments; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; organic compounds; Pacific Ocean; Palos Verdes Peninsula; pollutants; pollution; sediment transport; sediments; sewage; spatial distribution; statistical analysis; stream transport; thickness; United States; waste water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acoustic profiles and images of the Palos Verdes margin; implications concerning deposition from the White's Point outfall AN - 51654412; 2006-002720 JF - Continental Shelf Research AU - Hampton, Monty A AU - Karl, Herman A AU - Murray, Christopher J A2 - Lee, Homa J. A2 - Wiberg, Patricia L. Y1 - 2002/05// PY - 2002 DA - May 2002 SP - 841 EP - 857 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 22 IS - 6-7 SN - 0278-4343, 0278-4343 KW - United States KW - San Pedro Basin KW - continental slope KW - stream transport KW - Northeast Pacific KW - geophysical surveys KW - stream sediments KW - seepage KW - marine sedimentation KW - Cenozoic KW - California KW - acoustical methods KW - Palos Verdes Peninsula KW - marine sediments KW - sedimentation rates KW - White's Point KW - mass movements KW - sediments KW - outcrops KW - ocean floors KW - vents KW - East Pacific KW - bedrock KW - Los Angeles County California KW - high-resolution methods KW - Quaternary KW - sedimentation KW - geophysical methods KW - slumping KW - lithofacies KW - Southern California KW - stratification KW - North Pacific KW - marine methods KW - Pacific Ocean KW - surveys KW - side-scanning methods KW - geophysical profiles KW - continental shelf KW - bathymetry KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51654412?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Continental+Shelf+Research&rft.atitle=Acoustic+profiles+and+images+of+the+Palos+Verdes+margin%3B+implications+concerning+deposition+from+the+White%27s+Point+outfall&rft.au=Hampton%2C+Monty+A%3BKarl%2C+Herman+A%3BMurray%2C+Christopher+J&rft.aulast=Hampton&rft.aufirst=Monty&rft.date=2002-05-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=6-7&rft.spage=841&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Continental+Shelf+Research&rft.issn=02784343&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/02784343 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. geol. sketch maps, sects., block diag. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CSHRDZ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acoustical methods; bathymetry; bedrock; California; Cenozoic; continental shelf; continental slope; East Pacific; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geophysical surveys; high-resolution methods; lithofacies; Los Angeles County California; marine methods; marine sedimentation; marine sediments; mass movements; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; ocean floors; outcrops; Pacific Ocean; Palos Verdes Peninsula; Quaternary; San Pedro Basin; sedimentation; sedimentation rates; sediments; seepage; side-scanning methods; slumping; Southern California; stratification; stream sediments; stream transport; surveys; United States; vents; White's Point ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Adsorption of molybdenum on to anatase from dilute aqueous solutions AN - 16136106; 5418010 AB - Adsorption of Mo on to hydrous TiO sub(2) (anatase) particles was investigated. Batch experiments were conducted at 19 and 90 degree C over a pH range of 2 to 12 and Mo concentrations ranging from approximately 10 super(-6) to 10 super(-4) M. The extent of sorption was strongly dependent on pH and surface loading. Maximum sorption was observed in the acidic pH range at low surface loading. Adsorption behavior was described using the empirical Langmuir adsorption model. A constant capacitance surface complexation model was also used to fit the adsorption isotherms using a ligand exchange reaction for a hydroxyl surface site on anatase. Comparison of experimental data at two different temperatures (19 and 90 degree C) indicates that Mo sorption in the acidic pH range decreases with increasing temperature. JF - Applied Geochemistry AU - Saripalli, K P AU - McGrail, B P AU - Girvin, D C AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, WA 99352, USA, prasad.saripalli@pnl.gov Y1 - 2002/05// PY - 2002 DA - May 2002 SP - 649 EP - 656 VL - 17 IS - 5 SN - 0883-2927, 0883-2927 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Experimental Data KW - Adsorption (see also Sorption) KW - Heavy metals KW - Molybdenum KW - Temperature KW - Adsorbents KW - Hydrogen Ion Concentration KW - Wastewater treatment KW - Heavy Metals KW - Hydrogen ion concentrations KW - Model Studies KW - Adsorbent materials KW - Kinetics KW - Adsorption KW - Load Distribution KW - Wastewater Treatment KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16136106?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Adsorption+of+molybdenum+on+to+anatase+from+dilute+aqueous+solutions&rft.au=Saripalli%2C+K+P%3BMcGrail%2C+B+P%3BGirvin%2C+D+C&rft.aulast=Saripalli&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2002-05-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=649&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.issn=08832927&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Adsorbent materials; Adsorption (see also Sorption); Heavy metals; Kinetics; Molybdenum; Temperature; Wastewater treatment; Hydrogen ion concentrations; Experimental Data; Load Distribution; Adsorption; Hydrogen Ion Concentration; Adsorbents; Wastewater Treatment; Heavy Metals; Model Studies ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Selective stationary phase for solid-phase microextraction analysis of sarin (GB). AN - 71808431; 12058906 AB - A number of critical field applications require monitoring air samples for trace levels of chemical warfare agents. Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) is a convenient format to conduct these analyses. Measurements could be significantly improved if a SPME phase selective for nerve agents were substituted for non-selective polymers typically used (e.g., polydimethylsiloxane). This paper evaluates a novel stationary phase, previously developed for methylphosphonate sensor applications, for use with SPME sampling. The phenol-based polymer, BSP3, was found to offer far higher selectivity toward sarin (GB) than polydimethylsiloxane due to a pronounced affinity toward the target analyte and a lower affinity toward hydrocarbons. JF - Journal of chromatography. A AU - Harvey, S D AU - Nelson, D A AU - Wright, B W AU - Grate, J W AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA. scott.harvey@pnl.gov Y1 - 2002/04/19/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Apr 19 SP - 217 EP - 225 VL - 954 IS - 1-2 SN - 0021-9673, 0021-9673 KW - Chemical Warfare Agents KW - 0 KW - Sarin KW - B4XG72QGFM KW - Index Medicus KW - Air -- analysis KW - Sarin -- isolation & purification KW - Chromatography, Gel -- methods KW - Chemical Warfare Agents -- isolation & purification KW - Chromatography, Gas -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71808431?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+chromatography.+A&rft.atitle=Selective+stationary+phase+for+solid-phase+microextraction+analysis+of+sarin+%28GB%29.&rft.au=Harvey%2C+S+D%3BNelson%2C+D+A%3BWright%2C+B+W%3BGrate%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Harvey&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-04-19&rft.volume=954&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=217&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+chromatography.+A&rft.issn=00219673&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-11-20 N1 - Date created - 2002-06-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - New magnetostratigraphic analysis indicates that onset of Pleistocene cataclysmic flooding predates 1.07 ma in east-central Washington AN - 52022455; 2003-019277 AB - Pleistocene cataclysmic flood deposits, informally referred to as the Hanford formation, blanket the Pasco Basin in south-central Washington. A thick sequence (up to 100 m) of flood-deposited gravel, sand, and silt underlies much of the USDOE's Hanford Site. Correlation of cataclysmic flood deposits is often difficult because of a lack of marker horizons and rapid lateral facies changes. However, paleomagnetic reversals provide an opportunity to establish time-stratigraphic units within flood deposits. Our samples are derived from five new boreholes penetrating the giant Cold Creek flood bar. A total of 121 new paleomagnetic samples were collected in the spring of 2001 from split-spooned drill cores and analyzed for paleomagnetic inclination. This is in addition to 60 samples previously analyzed (Bjornstad et al., 2001). Paleomagnetic samples, obtained from finer-grained facies, consisted of silt to coarse-grained sand. Very detailed stepwise demagnetization experiments were performed on samples to remove magnetic overprints. We performed an average of 15 steps of alternating field (AF) demagnetization between 0 and 200 milli-Tesla (mT) or 12 steps of thermal demagnetization between room temperature and 600 degrees C. Demagnetization revealed both reversed and normal polarities. On the eastern end of Cold Creek bar one new and two previously-sampled boreholes span a total section of 14-82 m depth. The Brunhes-Matuyama polarity boundary (0.78 Ma) appears to be shallower than 14 m (shallowest sample depth); the sampled sequence is dominantly reversed-polarity. One normal polarity interval between about 54 and 69 m, probably represents the Olduvai (1.77-1.95 Ma) normal subchron or less likely the Jaramillo (0.99-1.07 Ma) normal subchron. Therefore, the oldest deposits penetrated by these boreholes are at least older than 1.07 Ma and more likely older than 1.95 Ma, thus providing new constraints for the onset of ice-age flooding in the Pacific Northwest. Samples from four new and two previous boreholes on the western portion of Cold Creek bar are mostly normal in polarity. However, two thin reversed-polarity horizons are evident in four of these boreholes. The reversed intervals may represent magnetic excursions during the Brunhes or incompletely-recorded Matuyama-aged flood deposition. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Pluhar, Christopher J AU - Reidel, Stephen P AU - Bjornstad, Bruce AU - Nelson, Paul B AU - Coe, Robert S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - April 2002 SP - 25 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - Hanford Formation KW - Washington KW - demagnetization KW - Quaternary KW - paleohydrology KW - sedimentation KW - Hanford Site KW - Grant County Washington KW - paleomagnetism KW - Franklin County Washington KW - magnetostratigraphy KW - paleogeography KW - Cenozoic KW - jokulhlaups KW - Pleistocene KW - glacial sedimentation KW - paleofloods KW - Benton County Washington KW - central Washington KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52022455?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=New+magnetostratigraphic+analysis+indicates+that+onset+of+Pleistocene+cataclysmic+flooding+predates+1.07+ma+in+east-central+Washington&rft.au=Pluhar%2C+Christopher+J%3BReidel%2C+Stephen+P%3BBjornstad%2C+Bruce%3BNelson%2C+Paul+B%3BCoe%2C+Robert+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Pluhar&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=25&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, Cordilleran Section, 98th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Benton County Washington; Cenozoic; central Washington; demagnetization; Franklin County Washington; glacial sedimentation; Grant County Washington; Hanford Formation; Hanford Site; jokulhlaups; magnetostratigraphy; paleofloods; paleogeography; paleohydrology; paleomagnetism; Pleistocene; Quaternary; sedimentation; United States; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization and proposed formalization (Hanford Formation) for ice-age flood deposits within the Pacific Northwest AN - 52021995; 2003-019275 AB - Cataclysmic floods, associated with the periodic breakup of the Cordilleran Ice Sheet during the Pleistocene, are well known for carving out the Channeled Scabland. Floods deposited detritus in the scablands as well as basins of the Columbia River and tributary valleys downstream. In the Pasco Basin, behind a hydraulic constriction at Wallula Gap, up to 100 m of flood deposits incrementally accumulated beneath the Department of Energy's Hanford Site. Regionally, all deposits from ice-age flooding can be subdivided into 11 lithofacies, based on textural-structural characteristics. Coarse-grained lithofacies lie proximal to high-energy flood tracts whereas the finest-grained facies lie in backflooded or other slack-water environments. Cataclysmic flood deposits in the Pasco Basin have been referred to, informally, as the Hanford formation for over 30 years. We propose the expansion and formalization of the Hanford formation to include all cataclysmic ice-age flood deposits in the Pacific Northwest. We propose the name "Hanford Formation", since at the Hanford Site: 1) 10 out of 11 flood lithofacies are represented, and 2) an extensive data base already exists that includes thousands of borings from over 50 years of geologic investigation. Furthermore, flood deposits are thickest at the Hanford Site with one of the longest records of flooding. Magnetostratigraphic evidence from borings drilled into a giant flood bar indicate flood deposits date back to the early Pleistocene (>780 ka). Regionally, deposits of the Hanford formation can be subdivided into four facies associations. Two types of fine-grained, slack-water flood deposits are recognized, consisting of the Sanpoil (sand-silt rhythmites separated by lacustrine fines) and Touchet (sand-silt rhythmites only) facies associations. Higher energy flood deposits are composed of the Malden (sand-dominated) and Pasco (gravel-dominated) facies associations. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Bjornstad, Bruce AU - Last, George V AU - Reidel, Stephen P AU - Horton, Duane G AU - Fecht, Karl R AU - Smith, Gary A AU - Lindsey, Kevin A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - April 2002 SP - 24 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - nomenclature KW - lithostratigraphy KW - Hanford Formation KW - Washington KW - Quaternary KW - paleohydrology KW - sedimentation KW - Hanford Site KW - Grant County Washington KW - Franklin County Washington KW - paleogeography KW - new names KW - Cenozoic KW - Pasco Basin KW - Pleistocene KW - glacial sedimentation KW - paleofloods KW - Benton County Washington KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52021995?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Characterization+and+proposed+formalization+%28Hanford+Formation%29+for+ice-age+flood+deposits+within+the+Pacific+Northwest&rft.au=Bjornstad%2C+Bruce%3BLast%2C+George+V%3BReidel%2C+Stephen+P%3BHorton%2C+Duane+G%3BFecht%2C+Karl+R%3BSmith%2C+Gary+A%3BLindsey%2C+Kevin+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bjornstad&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=24&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, Cordilleran Section, 98th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Benton County Washington; Cenozoic; Franklin County Washington; glacial sedimentation; Grant County Washington; Hanford Formation; Hanford Site; lithostratigraphy; new names; nomenclature; paleofloods; paleogeography; paleohydrology; Pasco Basin; Pleistocene; Quaternary; sedimentation; United States; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biomineralization of poorly crystalline Fe(III) oxides by dissimilatory metal reducing bacteria (DMRB) AN - 51979417; 2003-043662 JF - Geomicrobiology Journal AU - Zachara, John M AU - Kukkadapu, Ravi K AU - Frederickson, James K AU - Gorby, Yuri A AU - Smith, Steven C A2 - Roden, Eric E. A2 - Gorby, Yuri A. Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - April 2002 SP - 179 EP - 207 PB - Taylor & Francis, London VL - 19 IS - 2 SN - 0149-0451, 0149-0451 KW - biomineralization KW - iron oxides KW - biochemical sedimentation KW - geomicrobiology KW - sedimentation KW - stability KW - ferrihydrite KW - iron KW - crystallinity KW - ferric iron KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - sediments KW - oxides KW - reduction KW - thermodynamic properties KW - geochemistry KW - microorganisms KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51979417?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geomicrobiology+Journal&rft.atitle=Biomineralization+of+poorly+crystalline+Fe%28III%29+oxides+by+dissimilatory+metal+reducing+bacteria+%28DMRB%29&rft.au=Zachara%2C+John+M%3BKukkadapu%2C+Ravi+K%3BFrederickson%2C+James+K%3BGorby%2C+Yuri+A%3BSmith%2C+Steven+C&rft.aulast=Zachara&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=179&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geomicrobiology+Journal&rft.issn=01490451&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~content=t713722957~db=all LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 72 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GEJODG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biochemical sedimentation; biomineralization; crystallinity; ferric iron; ferrihydrite; geochemistry; geomicrobiology; iron; iron oxides; metals; microorganisms; oxides; reduction; sedimentation; sediments; stability; thermodynamic properties ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial Fe(III) oxide reduction AN - 51979171; 2003-043659 JF - Geomicrobiology Journal A2 - Roden, Eric E. A2 - Gorby, Yuri A. Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - April 2002 SP - 139 EP - 287 PB - Taylor & Francis, London VL - 19 IS - 2 SN - 0149-0451, 0149-0451 KW - iron oxides KW - biochemical sedimentation KW - geomicrobiology KW - biochemistry KW - sedimentation KW - iron KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - ferric iron KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - sediments KW - oxides KW - reduction KW - chelation KW - geochemistry KW - microorganisms KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51979171?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=139&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Microbial+Fe%28III%29+oxide+reduction&rft.title=Microbial+Fe%28III%29+oxide+reduction&rft.issn=01490451&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~content=t713722957~db=all LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Individual papers are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GEJODG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; bacteria; biochemical sedimentation; biochemistry; chelation; ferric iron; geochemistry; geomicrobiology; ground water; iron; iron oxides; metals; microorganisms; oxides; reduction; sedimentation; sediments ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mechanisms for Fe(III) oxide reduction in sedimentary environments AN - 51978416; 2003-043660 JF - Geomicrobiology Journal AU - Nevin, Kelly P AU - Lovley, Derek R A2 - Roden, Eric E. A2 - Gorby, Yuri A. Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - April 2002 SP - 141 EP - 159 PB - Taylor & Francis, London VL - 19 IS - 2 SN - 0149-0451, 0149-0451 KW - terrestrial environment KW - iron oxides KW - biochemical sedimentation KW - biochemistry KW - sedimentation KW - mineral-water interface KW - mechanism KW - organo-metallics KW - iron KW - ferric iron KW - sedimentary rocks KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - sediments KW - oxides KW - reduction KW - depositional environment KW - geochemistry KW - pore water KW - microorganisms KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51978416?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geomicrobiology+Journal&rft.atitle=Mechanisms+for+Fe%28III%29+oxide+reduction+in+sedimentary+environments&rft.au=Nevin%2C+Kelly+P%3BLovley%2C+Derek+R&rft.aulast=Nevin&rft.aufirst=Kelly&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=141&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geomicrobiology+Journal&rft.issn=01490451&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~content=t713722957~db=all LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 61 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GEJODG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biochemical sedimentation; biochemistry; depositional environment; ferric iron; geochemistry; iron; iron oxides; mechanism; metals; microorganisms; mineral-water interface; organo-metallics; oxides; pore water; reduction; sedimentary rocks; sedimentation; sediments; terrestrial environment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of biogenic Fe(II) on bacterial crystalline Fe(III) oxide reduction AN - 51977867; 2003-043663 JF - Geomicrobiology Journal AU - Roden, Eric E AU - Urrutia, Matilde M A2 - Roden, Eric E. A2 - Gorby, Yuri A. Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - April 2002 SP - 209 EP - 251 PB - Taylor & Francis, London VL - 19 IS - 2 SN - 0149-0451, 0149-0451 KW - biomineralization KW - iron oxides KW - biochemical sedimentation KW - geomicrobiology KW - biochemistry KW - sedimentation KW - iron KW - crystallinity KW - ferrous iron KW - ferric iron KW - biogenic processes KW - chemical reactions KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - sediments KW - oxides KW - anaerobic environment KW - reduction KW - geochemistry KW - microorganisms KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51977867?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geomicrobiology+Journal&rft.atitle=Influence+of+biogenic+Fe%28II%29+on+bacterial+crystalline+Fe%28III%29+oxide+reduction&rft.au=Roden%2C+Eric+E%3BUrrutia%2C+Matilde+M&rft.aulast=Roden&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=209&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geomicrobiology+Journal&rft.issn=01490451&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~content=t713722957~db=all LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 127 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GEJODG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anaerobic environment; bacteria; biochemical sedimentation; biochemistry; biogenic processes; biomineralization; chemical reactions; crystallinity; ferric iron; ferrous iron; geochemistry; geomicrobiology; iron; iron oxides; metals; microorganisms; oxides; reduction; sedimentation; sediments ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Adhesion of dissimilatory Fe(III)-reducing bacteria to Fe(III) minerals AN - 51977798; 2003-043661 JF - Geomicrobiology Journal AU - Caccavo, Frank, Jr AU - Das, Amitabha A2 - Roden, Eric E. A2 - Gorby, Yuri A. Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - April 2002 SP - 161 EP - 177 PB - Taylor & Francis, London VL - 19 IS - 2 SN - 0149-0451, 0149-0451 KW - soils KW - iron oxides KW - iron minerals KW - metabolism KW - geomicrobiology KW - biochemistry KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - iron KW - remediation KW - ferric iron KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - oxides KW - reduction KW - geochemistry KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51977798?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geomicrobiology+Journal&rft.atitle=Adhesion+of+dissimilatory+Fe%28III%29-reducing+bacteria+to+Fe%28III%29+minerals&rft.au=Caccavo%2C+Frank%2C+Jr%3BDas%2C+Amitabha&rft.aulast=Caccavo&rft.aufirst=Frank&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=161&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geomicrobiology+Journal&rft.issn=01490451&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~content=t713722957~db=all LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 48 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GEJODG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biochemistry; bioremediation; ferric iron; geochemistry; geomicrobiology; iron; iron minerals; iron oxides; metabolism; metals; microorganisms; oxides; pollution; reduction; remediation; soils ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Theoretical and experimental considerations related to reaction-based modeling; a case study using iron(III) oxide bioreduction AN - 51977222; 2003-043664 JF - Geomicrobiology Journal AU - Burgos, William D AU - Royer, Richard A AU - Fang, Yilin AU - Yeh, Gour-Tsyh AU - Fisher, Angela S AU - Jeon, Byong-Hun AU - Dempsey, Brian A A2 - Roden, Eric E. A2 - Gorby, Yuri A. Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - April 2002 SP - 253 EP - 287 PB - Taylor & Francis, London VL - 19 IS - 2 SN - 0149-0451, 0149-0451 KW - sorption KW - experimental studies KW - iron oxides KW - geomicrobiology KW - biochemistry KW - solution KW - iron KW - models KW - case studies KW - ferric iron KW - theoretical studies KW - chemical reactions KW - hematite KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - oxides KW - reduction KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - microorganisms KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51977222?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geomicrobiology+Journal&rft.atitle=Theoretical+and+experimental+considerations+related+to+reaction-based+modeling%3B+a+case+study+using+iron%28III%29+oxide+bioreduction&rft.au=Burgos%2C+William+D%3BRoyer%2C+Richard+A%3BFang%2C+Yilin%3BYeh%2C+Gour-Tsyh%3BFisher%2C+Angela+S%3BJeon%2C+Byong-Hun%3BDempsey%2C+Brian+A&rft.aulast=Burgos&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=253&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geomicrobiology+Journal&rft.issn=01490451&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~content=t713722957~db=all LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 46 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GEJODG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biochemistry; case studies; chemical reactions; experimental studies; ferric iron; geochemistry; geomicrobiology; hematite; iron; iron oxides; kinetics; metals; microorganisms; models; oxides; reduction; solution; sorption; theoretical studies ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling site response at the Hanford Site based on recordings of the 28 February 2001 Nisqually earthquake AN - 51146854; 2005-003772 JF - Seismological Research Letters AU - Rohay, A C AU - Reidel, S P AU - Hartshorn, D C AU - Valenta, M M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - April 2002 SP - 266 PB - Seismological Society of America, El Cerrito, CA VL - 73 IS - 2 SN - 0895-0695, 0895-0695 KW - United States KW - data processing KW - accelerometers KW - acceleration KW - elastic waves KW - Cenozoic KW - Nisqually earthquake 2001 KW - body waves KW - Washington KW - Columbia River Basalt Group KW - Hanford Site KW - Ringold Formation KW - Miocene KW - computer programs KW - Tertiary KW - strong motion KW - Neogene KW - ground motion KW - Pliocene KW - SHAKE KW - seismic waves KW - earthquakes KW - S-waves KW - instruments KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51146854?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Modeling+site+response+at+the+Hanford+Site+based+on+recordings+of+the+28+February+2001+Nisqually+earthquake&rft.au=Rohay%2C+A+C%3BReidel%2C+S+P%3BHartshorn%2C+D+C%3BValenta%2C+M+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Rohay&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=266&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.issn=08950695&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 97th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EAQNAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acceleration; accelerometers; body waves; Cenozoic; Columbia River Basalt Group; computer programs; data processing; earthquakes; elastic waves; ground motion; Hanford Site; instruments; Miocene; Neogene; Nisqually earthquake 2001; Pliocene; Ringold Formation; S-waves; seismic waves; SHAKE; strong motion; Tertiary; United States; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessing uncertainties in phase arrival times for regional seismic events AN - 51142329; 2005-003589 JF - Seismological Research Letters AU - Velasco, A A AU - Anderson, D N AU - Young, C J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - April 2002 SP - 227 PB - Seismological Society of America, El Cerrito, CA VL - 73 IS - 2 SN - 0895-0695, 0895-0695 KW - errors KW - seismicity KW - multivariate analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - elastic waves KW - waveforms KW - arrival time KW - earthquakes KW - measurement KW - automated analysis KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51142329?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Assessing+uncertainties+in+phase+arrival+times+for+regional+seismic+events&rft.au=Velasco%2C+A+A%3BAnderson%2C+D+N%3BYoung%2C+C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Velasco&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=227&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.issn=08950695&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 97th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EAQNAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arrival time; automated analysis; earthquakes; elastic waves; errors; measurement; multivariate analysis; seismicity; statistical analysis; waveforms ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simulation of wind-driven circulation in the Salton Sea: implications for indigenous ecosystems AN - 19802635; 5423016 AB - The Salton Sea, the largest `man-made' water body wholly within California, was formed in 1904 as the result of a levee failure along the Colorado River. Initially, flow into the Salton `Sink' created a fresh water lake about 24 m deep with a water surface about 85 m below the level of the ocean. Salinity of the water body, at first roughly the same as the river, rose rapidly due to solution of previously accumulated residual salt, then following levee repair, adjusted to the combined influence of agricultural drainage accretions and evaporative losses. Water levels adjusted accordingly, at first declining then rising slowly until the mid 1930s when a level about 75 m below ocean level was reached. Thereafter, both water levels and salinity gradually rose, so that at present the surface elevation of the Sea stands near -69.5 m and salinity is approaching 45 g l super(-1), about 30% above ocean salinity. The Salton Sea Authority is seeking practical methods for reducing water levels and controlling salinity within ranges that will protect beneficial uses of the Sea, its adjacent lands, and its indigenous ecosystems, both aquatic and avian. Proposed solutions include various physical changes in the bathymetry and configuration of the Sea, especially its southern basin. Because circulation in the Sea is driven primarily by wind stresses imposed on the water surface, and circulation changes are likely to affect the Sea's quality and ecology, a methodology for quantifying the effects of specific alternatives is required. For this purpose a mathematical model for simulation of the hydrodynamic behavior of the Sea has been developed, calibrated to data gathered by a field investigation conducted in 1997, and applied to alternative schemes that will isolate sections of the southern basin, thus changing the natural wind induced circulation in areas that are ecologically sensitive. The Salton Sea Hydrodynamic/Water Quality Model is constructed using the finite element method to represent the bathymetry of the Sea as it currently exists, or may subsequently be modified, in a three-dimensional grid. JF - Hydrobiologia AU - Cook, C B AU - Orlob, G T AU - Huston, D W AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999 (K9-33), Richland, WA 99352, U.S.A. Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - Apr 2002 SP - 59 EP - 75 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers VL - 473 IS - 1-3 SN - 0018-8158, 0018-8158 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Ecology Abstracts KW - water quality KW - Ecosystems KW - Hydrodynamics KW - Evaporation KW - Basins KW - Water quality KW - Water levels KW - USA, Colorado R. KW - Lakes KW - Salinity KW - INE, USA, California KW - Current velocity KW - Agricultural runoff KW - Wind KW - USA, California, Salton Sea KW - Rivers KW - Finite element method KW - Wind-driven circulation KW - Environmental impact KW - Brackish KW - Stress KW - Atmospheric circulation KW - Habitat KW - Salts KW - Numerical simulations KW - bathymetry KW - water bodies KW - finite element method KW - Surface water KW - Salt lakes KW - Water quality models KW - Models KW - Ecology KW - Water salinity KW - Ecosystem management KW - Marine KW - Mathematical models KW - Drainage KW - Simulation KW - Bathymetry KW - water levels KW - Oceans KW - drainage water KW - Lake dynamics KW - O 2010:Physical Oceanography KW - M2 551.465:Structure/Dynamics/Circulation (551.465) KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - D 04003:Modeling, mathematics, computer applications KW - Q2 09146:TSD distribution, water masses and circulation KW - D 04320:Brackishwater KW - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19802635?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hydrobiologia&rft.atitle=Simulation+of+wind-driven+circulation+in+the+Salton+Sea%3A+implications+for+indigenous+ecosystems&rft.au=Cook%2C+C+B%3BOrlob%2C+G+T%3BHuston%2C+D+W&rft.aulast=Cook&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=473&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=59&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hydrobiologia&rft.issn=00188158&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Finite element method; Evaporation; Wind-driven circulation; Environmental impact; Salt lakes; Water quality; Habitat; Water levels; Salinity; Current velocity; Ecosystem management; Lake dynamics; Agricultural runoff; Hydrodynamics; Water salinity; Wind; Models; Ecology; Rivers; Mathematical models; Ecosystems; Numerical simulations; Drainage; Atmospheric circulation; Water quality models; Bathymetry; water quality; finite element method; water bodies; Surface water; Basins; Simulation; Stress; Salts; Lakes; water levels; Oceans; drainage water; bathymetry; USA, Colorado R.; INE, USA, California; USA, California, Salton Sea; Marine; Brackish ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling the Inhibition of the Bacterial Reduction of U(VI) by beta MnO sub(2(s)) AN - 18584921; 5443792 AB - Pyrolusite ( beta -MnO sub(2(s))) was used to assess the influence of a competitive electron acceptor on the kinetics of reduction of aqueous uranyl carbonate by a dissimilatory metal-reducing bacterium (DMRB), Shewanella putrefaciens strain CN32. The enzymatic reduction of U(VI) and beta -MnO sub(2(s)) and the abiotic redox reaction between beta -MnO sub(2(s)) and biogenic uraninite (UO sub(2(s))) were independently investigated to allow for interpretation of studies of U(VI) bioreduction in the presence of beta -MnO sub(2(s)). Uranyl bioreduction to UO sub(2(s)) by CN32 with H sub(2) as the electron donor followed Monod kinetics, with a maximum specific reduction rate of 110 mu M/h/10 super(8) cells/mL and a half-saturation constant of 370 mu M. The bioreduction rate of beta -MnO sub(2(s)) by CN32 was described by a pseudo-first-order model with respect to beta -MnO sub(2(s)) surface sites, with a rate constant of 7.92 x 10 super(-2) h super(-1)/10 super(8) cells/mL. Uraninite that precipitated as a result of microbial U(VI) reduction was abiotically reoxidized to U(VI) by beta -MnO sub(2(s)), with concomitant reduction to Mn(II). The oxidation of biogenic UO sub(2(s)) coupled with beta -MnO sub(2(s)) reduction was well-described by an electrochemical model. However, a simple model that coupled the bacterial reduction of U(VI) and beta -MnO sub(2(s)) with an abiotic redox reaction between UO sub(2(s)) and beta -MnO sub(2(s)) failed to describe the mass loss of U(VI) in the presence of beta -MnO sub(2(s)). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) revealed that the particle size and spatial distribution of the biogenic UO sub(2(s)) changed dynamically in systems with, as compared to without, beta -MnO sub(2(s)). These observations suggested that the surface properties and localization of UO sub(2(s)) in relation to the cell and beta -MnO sub(2(s)) surfaces was an important factor controlling the abiotic oxidation of UO sub(2(s)) and, thus, the overall rate and extent of U(VI) bioreduction. The coupled model that was modified to account for the "effective" contact surface area between UO sub(2(s)) and beta -MnO sub(2(s)) significantly improved the simulation of microbial reduction of U(VI) in the presence of beta -MnO sub(2(s)). JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Liu, Chongxuan AU - Zachara, J M AU - Fredrickson, J K AU - Kennedy, D W AU - Dohnalkova, A AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MSIN K8-96, Richland, WA 99352, USA, chongxuan.liu@pnl.gov Y1 - 2002/04/01/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Apr 01 SP - 1452 EP - 1459 VL - 36 IS - 7 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - metal-reducing bacteria KW - pyrolusite KW - uranyl carbonate KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - A 01056:Mineral microbiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18584921?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Modeling+the+Inhibition+of+the+Bacterial+Reduction+of+U%28VI%29+by+beta+MnO+sub%282%28s%29%29&rft.au=Liu%2C+Chongxuan%3BZachara%2C+J+M%3BFredrickson%2C+J+K%3BKennedy%2C+D+W%3BDohnalkova%2C+A&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Chongxuan&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1452&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of chemical reactions on density-dependent fluid flow: on the numerical formulation and the development of instabilities AN - 18565764; 5402345 AB - A three-dimensional, reactive numerical flow model is developed that couples chemical reactions with density-dependent mass transport and fluid flow. The model includes equilibrium reactions for the aqueous species, kinetic reactions between the solid and aqueous phases, and full coupling of porosity and permeability changes that result from precipitation and dissolution reactions in porous media. A one-step, global implicit approach is used to solve the coupled flow, transport and reaction equations with a fully implicit upstream-weighted control volume discretization. The Newton-Raphson method is applied to the discretized non-linear equations and a block ILU-preconditioned CGSTAB method is used to solve the resulting Jacobian matrix equations. This approach permits the solution of the complete set of governing equations for both concentration and pressure simultaneously affected by chemical and physical processes. A series of chemical transport simulations are conducted to investigate coupled processes of reactive chemical transport and density-dependent flow and their subsequent impact on the development of preferential flow paths in porous media. The coupled effects of the processes driving flow and the chemical reactions occurring during solute transport is studied using a carbonate system in fully saturated porous media. Results demonstrate that instability development is sensitive to the initial perturbation caused by density differences between the solute plume and the ambient groundwater. If the initial perturbation is large, then it acts as a "trigger" in the flow system that causes instabilities to develop in a planar reaction front. When permeability changes occur due to dissolution reactions occurring in the porous media, a reactive feedback loop is created by calcite dissolution and the mixed convective transport of the system. Although the feedback loop does not have a significant impact on plume shape, complex concentration distributions develop as a result of the instabilities generated in the flow system. JF - Advances in Water Resources AU - Freedman, V AU - Ibaraki, M AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MSIN K9-36, Richland, WA 99352, USA, vicky.freedman@pnl.gov Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - Apr 2002 SP - 439 EP - 453 VL - 25 IS - 4 SN - 0309-1708, 0309-1708 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q2 02183:Physics and chemistry KW - SW 0840:Groundwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18565764?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.atitle=Effects+of+chemical+reactions+on+density-dependent+fluid+flow%3A+on+the+numerical+formulation+and+the+development+of+instabilities&rft.au=Freedman%2C+V%3BIbaraki%2C+M&rft.aulast=Freedman&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=439&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.issn=03091708&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Overview of URBAN 2000: A Multiscale Field Study of Dispersion through an Urban Environment AN - 18326141; 5373509 AB - A major urban tracer and meteorological field campaign (URBAN 2000) was conducted in Salt Lake City, Utah, during October 2000. Sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE's) Chemical and Biological National Security Program, the month-long field campaign received supplemental support (personnel and equipment) from other U.S. and foreign government agencies and private companies. Seven nighttime intensive experiments were designed to resolve, with both inert tracers and meteorological measurements, interacting scales of atmospheric motion from the individual building scale up through the urban scale. Scale interaction was extended beyond the urban scale to the regional scale by embedding the URBAN 2000 study in DOE's Vertical Transport and Mixing Program tracer and meteorological studies conducted simultaneously in the greater Salt Lake Valley. Results from the URBAN 2000 study will be used to evaluate and improve the hierarchy of atmospheric models being developed for simulating toxic agent dispersal from potential terrorist activities in urban environments. In addition, the results will be used to identify and further understand the meteorological and fluid dynamic processes governing dispersion in urban environments. The strength of the URBAN 2000 study is that it provides a dataset that resolves interacting scales of motion from the individual building up through the regional scale under the same meteorological conditions. This paper summarizes the URBAN 2000 study by describing the experimental design, instrument layout, experiments, and meteorological conditions investigated. The paper also discusses initial findings. JF - Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society AU - Allwine, K J AU - Shinn, J H AU - Streit, GE AU - Clawson, K L AU - Brown, M AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - Apr 2002 SP - 521 EP - 551 PB - American Meteorological Society VL - 83 IS - 04 SN - 0003-0007, 0003-0007 KW - URBAN 2000 KW - terrorism KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Pollution dispersion KW - Tracers KW - Meteorology KW - USA, Utah, Salt Lake City KW - Urban areas KW - Toxic materials KW - Tracer studies of atmospheric dispersion KW - Air pollution KW - USA KW - Hazardous materials KW - Urban influences on atmospheric dispersion KW - Atmospheric chemistry KW - Urban air quality models KW - Urban environment KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M2 551.511.6:Turbulence and diffusion (551.511.6) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18326141?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+the+American+Meteorological+Society&rft.atitle=Overview+of+URBAN+2000%3A+A+Multiscale+Field+Study+of+Dispersion+through+an+Urban+Environment&rft.au=Allwine%2C+K+J%3BShinn%2C+J+H%3BStreit%2C+GE%3BClawson%2C+K+L%3BBrown%2C+M&rft.aulast=Allwine&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=04&rft.spage=521&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+the+American+Meteorological+Society&rft.issn=00030007&rft_id=info:doi/10.1043%2F1520-0477%282002%29083%280521%3AOOUAMF%292.3.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA, Utah, Salt Lake City; USA; Atmospheric chemistry; Air pollution; Urban areas; Pollution dispersion; Meteorology; Tracers; Toxic materials; Hazardous materials; Pollution monitoring; Tracer studies of atmospheric dispersion; Urban air quality models; Urban environment; Urban influences on atmospheric dispersion DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1043/1520-0477(2002)083(0521:OOUAMF)2.3.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Theoretical determination of chromophores in the chromogenic effects of aromatic neurotoxicants. AN - 71521000; 11890826 AB - We report the first computational study of the chromophores responsible for the chromogenic effects of aromatic neurotoxicants containing a 1,2-diacetyl moiety in their oxidation metabolites. A series of ab initio electronic structure calculations was performed on two representative aromatic compounds, 1,2-diacetylbenzene (1,2-DAB) and 1,2-diacetyl tetramethyl tetralin (1,2-DATT), the putative active metabolites of the neurotoxic aromatic hydrocarbon compounds 1,2-diethylbenzene (1,2-DEB) and acetyl ethyl tetramethyl tetralin (AETT), and on the products of their possible reactions with proteins that result in chromogenic effects. The electronic excitation energies determined by three different computational approaches were found to be consistent with each other. The calculated results are consistent with the conclusion/prediction that the chromogenic effects of 1,2-DAB (or 1,2-DEB) and 1,2-DATT (or AETT) could result from ninhydrin-like reactions, rather than the formation of pyrrole-like compounds. Our pK(a) calculations further indicate that the chromophore, i.e., the product of the ninhydrin-like reaction showing the blue color, is deprotonated in neutral aqueous solution. The corresponding protonated structure has a different color as it absorbs in the blue region of the visible spectrum, and its chromogenic contribution would be significant in solution at low pH. JF - Journal of the American Chemical Society AU - Zhan, Chang-Guo AU - Dixon, David A AU - Sabri, Mohammad I AU - Kim, Min-Sun AU - Spencer, Peter S AD - Theory, Modeling & Simulation, William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS K1-83, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA. Y1 - 2002/03/20/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Mar 20 SP - 2744 EP - 2752 VL - 124 IS - 11 SN - 0002-7863, 0002-7863 KW - 1,2-diacetyltetramethyltetralin KW - 0 KW - Acetophenones KW - Tetrahydronaphthalenes KW - 1,2-diacetylbenzene KW - 704-00-7 KW - Index Medicus KW - Models, Molecular KW - Molecular Conformation KW - Nervous System Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Tetrahydronaphthalenes -- metabolism KW - Acetophenones -- metabolism KW - Acetophenones -- chemistry KW - Acetophenones -- toxicity KW - Tetrahydronaphthalenes -- toxicity KW - Tetrahydronaphthalenes -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71521000?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Chemical+Society&rft.atitle=Theoretical+determination+of+chromophores+in+the+chromogenic+effects+of+aromatic+neurotoxicants.&rft.au=Zhan%2C+Chang-Guo%3BDixon%2C+David+A%3BSabri%2C+Mohammad+I%3BKim%2C+Min-Sun%3BSpencer%2C+Peter+S&rft.aulast=Zhan&rft.aufirst=Chang-Guo&rft.date=2002-03-20&rft.volume=124&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=2744&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Chemical+Society&rft.issn=00027863&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-05-23 N1 - Date created - 2002-03-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On being understood: clarity and jargon in radiation protection. AN - 85259077; pmid-11845840 AB - While much of the language used to express the concepts of radiation protection works effectively, there are many ill-chosen names and phrases and much jargon that permeate our professional speech and writing. From the oxymoron "internal exposure" to the "snarl word" "decay," there is much room for improvement. This essay identifies many of the problems and suggests solutions. We examine the kinds of confusions that can result from using familiar words with unfamiliar meanings and the need for neology. We offer insights into specific and unambiguous naming of physical quantities and explore the seemingly unlimited kinds of "dose." We disaggregate exposure from irradiation following intakes, and unmask units like "gram rad per microcurie hour." We call for a definition of radiation weighting factor that doesn't result in a violation of the law of conservation of energy. We examine the subtleties of distinguishing between radiation and radioactive materials. Some words, such as "exposure," have multiple meanings, while at other times there are different words or phrases with the same meaning, such as "critical level" and "decision level" or "detection level" and "minimum detectable amount." Sometimes phrases are used whose meaning is unclear or not agreed upon, such as "lower limit of detection." Sometimes there are words that are simply not apt, such as "disintegration" applied to the emission of a subatomic particle from a nucleus. JF - Health Physics AU - Strom, Daniel J AU - Watson, Charles R AD - Risk Analysis & Health Protection Group, Environmental Technology Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352-0999, USA. daniel.j PY - 2002 SP - 373 EP - 386 VL - 82 IS - 3 SN - 0017-9078, 0017-9078 KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Human KW - Nuclear Medicine KW - Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. KW - Radiation Protection KW - Terminology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85259077?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+Physics&rft.atitle=On+being+understood%3A+clarity+and+jargon+in+radiation+protection.&rft.au=Strom%2C+Daniel+J%3BWatson%2C+Charles+R&rft.aulast=Strom&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=373&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+Physics&rft.issn=00179078&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - eng DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A simulation approach to validate petrophysical data from NMR imaging AN - 52091003; 2002-050703 AB - Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging was used to map the 3D porosity and permeability distributions in heterogeneous sandstone cores under controlled laboratory conditions. The porosity and permeability distributions so obtained were used to numerically simulate first-contact miscible displacements in the cores. The spatial and temporal solvent concentrations from the numerical simulations were compared to those from imaging experiments in the cores in an effort to validate the porosity and permeability data. The results show that with calibration, useful 3D porosity and permeability distributions of heterogeneous cores can be derived from NMR imaging (NMRI). JF - SPE Journal AU - Zuluaga, Elizabeth AU - Majors, Paul D AU - Peters, Ekwere J Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - March 2002 SP - 35 EP - 39 PB - Society of Petroleum Engineers, Richardson, TX VL - 7 IS - 1 SN - 1086-055X, 1086-055X KW - hydraulic fracturing KW - petroleum engineering KW - imagery KW - numerical models KW - petroleum KW - enhanced recovery KW - simulation KW - NMR spectra KW - petrography KW - reservoir properties KW - spectra KW - permeability KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52091003?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SPE+Journal&rft.atitle=A+simulation+approach+to+validate+petrophysical+data+from+NMR+imaging&rft.au=Zuluaga%2C+Elizabeth%3BMajors%2C+Paul+D%3BPeters%2C+Ekwere+J&rft.aulast=Zuluaga&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=35&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SPE+Journal&rft.issn=1086055X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - enhanced recovery; hydraulic fracturing; imagery; NMR spectra; numerical models; permeability; petrography; petroleum; petroleum engineering; reservoir properties; simulation; spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nanogeoscience; from the movement of electrons to lithosphere plates AN - 52139450; 2002-017409 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Lower, Steven K AU - Hochella, Michael F, Jr AU - Banfield, Jillian F AU - Rosso, Kevin M Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - February 2002 SP - 53 EP - 53, 55, 56 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 6 SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - methods KW - high-resolution methods KW - chemical weathering KW - lithosphere KW - oxidation KW - sphalerite KW - crystal structure KW - crystal growth KW - weathering KW - TEM data KW - biomolecules KW - ultrastructure KW - biogenic processes KW - chemical reactions KW - metals KW - petrography KW - molecules KW - pyrite KW - sulfides KW - SEM data KW - minerals KW - electrons KW - 01A:General mineralogy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52139450?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Nanogeoscience%3B+from+the+movement+of+electrons+to+lithosphere+plates&rft.au=Lower%2C+Steven+K%3BHochella%2C+Michael+F%2C+Jr%3BBanfield%2C+Jillian+F%3BRosso%2C+Kevin+M&rft.aulast=Lower&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=53&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biogenic processes; biomolecules; chemical reactions; chemical weathering; crystal growth; crystal structure; electrons; high-resolution methods; lithosphere; metals; methods; minerals; molecules; oxidation; petrography; pyrite; SEM data; sphalerite; sulfides; TEM data; ultrastructure; weathering ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The inhibition of marine nitrification by ocean disposal of carbon dioxide AN - 19931512; 5358987 AB - In an attempt to reduce the threat of global warming, it has been proposed that the rise of atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations be reduced by the ocean disposal of CO sub(2) from the flue gases of fossil fuel-fired power plants. The release of large amounts of CO sub(2) into mid or deep ocean waters will result in large plumes of acidified seawater with pH values ranging from 6 to 8. In an effort to determine whether these CO sub(2)-induced pH changes have any effect on marine nitrification processes, surficial (euphotic zone) and deep (aphotic zone) seawater samples were sparged with CO sub(2) for varying time durations to achieve a specified pH reduction, and the rate of microbial ammonia oxidation was measured spectrophotometrically as a function of pH using an inhibitor technique. For both seawater samples taken from either the euphotic or aphotic zone, the nitrification rates dropped drastically with decreasing pH. Relative to nitrification rates in the original seawater at pH 8, nitrification rates were reduced by ca. 50% at pH 7 and more than 90% at pH 6.5. Nitrification was essentially completely inhibited at pH 6. These findings suggest that the disposal of CO sub(2) into mid or deep oceans will most likely result in a drastic reduction of ammonia oxidation rates within the pH plume and the concomitant accumulation of ammonia instead of nitrate. It is unlikely that ammonia will reach the high concentration levels at which marine aquatic organisms are known to be negatively affected. However, if the ammonia-rich seawater from inside the pH plume is upwelled into the euphotic zone, it is likely that changes in phytoplankton abundance and community structure will occur. Finally, the large-scale inhibition of nitrification and the subsequent reduction of nitrite and nitrate concentrations could also result in a decrease of denitrification rates which, in turn, could lead to the buildup of nitrogen and unpredictable eutrophication phenomena. Clearly, more research on the environmental effects of ocean disposal of CO sub(2) is needed to determine whether the potential costs related to marine ecosystem disturbance and disruption can be justified in terms of the perceived benefits that may be achieved by temporarily delaying global warming. JF - Marine Pollution Bulletin AU - Huesemann, M H AU - Skillman, AD AU - Crecelius, E A AD - Marine Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 1529 West Sequim Bay Road, Sequim, WA 98382, USA, michael.huesemann@pnl.gov Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - Feb 2002 SP - 142 EP - 148 VL - 44 IS - 2 SN - 0025-326X, 0025-326X KW - global warming KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Environmental Effects KW - Bioremediation KW - Phytoplankton KW - Hydrogen ion concentrations KW - Marine environment KW - Chemical inhibitors KW - Sedimentation KW - pH KW - Experimental Data KW - Atmospheric gases KW - Ammonia KW - Flue gas KW - Carbon cycle KW - Carbon dioxide in seawater KW - Greenhouse effect KW - Inhibition KW - Global Warming KW - Nitrification KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - Oxidation KW - Atmospheric chemistry KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Plankton KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - Ocean dumping KW - Pollution (Environmental) KW - Ocean Dumping KW - Eutrophication KW - Seawater KW - Power plants KW - Denitrification in seas KW - Marine ecosystems KW - Waste disposal KW - Marine KW - Euphotic zone KW - Ocean disposal KW - Aphotic zone KW - World Oceans KW - Biogeochemical cycle KW - Waste Disposal KW - Hydrogen Ion Concentration KW - Marine pollution KW - Disposal KW - Global warming KW - Pollution (Water) KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes KW - M2 551.465:Structure/Dynamics/Circulation (551.465) KW - O 4080:Pollution - Control and Prevention KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - A 01108:Other water systems KW - Q5 08522:Protective measures and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19931512?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Pollution+Bulletin&rft.atitle=The+inhibition+of+marine+nitrification+by+ocean+disposal+of+carbon+dioxide&rft.au=Huesemann%2C+M+H%3BSkillman%2C+AD%3BCrecelius%2C+E+A&rft.aulast=Huesemann&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=142&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Pollution+Bulletin&rft.issn=0025326X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Euphotic zone; Atmospheric gases; Bioremediation; Aphotic zone; Biogeochemical cycle; Ammonia; Carbon cycle; Greenhouse effect; Nitrification; Atmospheric chemistry; Carbon dioxide; Sedimentation; pH; Disposal; Eutrophication; Marine environment; Oxidation; Global warming; Denitrification in seas; Carbon dioxide in seawater; Marine ecosystems; Ocean dumping; Marine pollution; Seawater; Power plants; Flue gas; Pollution (Environmental); Ocean disposal; Chemical inhibitors; Waste disposal; Pollution (Water); Plankton; Hydrogen ion concentrations; Environmental Effects; Experimental Data; Ocean Dumping; Waste Disposal; Hydrogen Ion Concentration; Phytoplankton; Inhibition; Global Warming; Water Pollution Effects; Carbon Dioxide; World Oceans; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of critical path analysis to fractal porous media: comparison with examples from the Hanford site AN - 1665485589; 5377646 AB - Critical path analysis from percolation theory is used to calculate the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity, K(S), of soils with pore space compatible with a (sometimes complex) fractal description. The fractal descriptions are chosen in accord with particle-size distributions of two soils at the US Department of Energy Hanford Site. One of the two soils exhibits a bimodal particle-size distribution, and is treated as a "dual" fractal. The results are then compared with measured hydraulic properties of these two soils. The analysis yields excellent agreement with experiment over 4-6 orders of magnitude in most investigated properties without use of fitting parameters. It is possible to show that such unusual phenomena as a sudden increase in the spread of K values with reduction of matric potential can be traced to effects of a bimodal distribution of pore sizes. The least certain parameter for calculation of K is the "critical volume fraction", alpha sub(c), which describes the minimum water content for which an interconnected network of capillary flow exists. The values deduced for alpha sub(c), however, allow consistent interpretation in both soils investigated (in contrast to fitted values of a "residual moisture content" obtained by application of the van Genuchten function). Further, values of alpha sub(c) obtained correspond well with threshold moisture contents for solute diffusion reported elsewhere, evidence for the relevance of percolation to dispersion. JF - Advances in Water Resources AU - Hunt, A G AU - Gee, G W AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA, allen.hunt@pnl.gov Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - Feb 2002 SP - 129 EP - 146 VL - 25 IS - 2 SN - 0309-1708, 0309-1708 KW - USA, Washington, Richland, Hanford Site KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Soil Water Movement KW - Theoretical Analysis KW - Pore Size KW - Case Studies KW - Groundwater flow KW - Soil/water systems KW - USA, Washington, Richland KW - Permeability Coefficient KW - Fractals KW - Mathematical Studies KW - Percolation KW - Soil (Characteristics of) KW - Soil Properties KW - Permeation KW - SW 0845:Water in soils KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1665485589?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.atitle=Application+of+critical+path+analysis+to+fractal+porous+media%3A+comparison+with+examples+from+the+Hanford+site&rft.au=Hunt%2C+A+G%3BGee%2C+G+W&rft.aulast=Hunt&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=129&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.issn=03091708&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Percolation; Soil (Characteristics of); Soil/water systems; Groundwater flow; Permeation; Fractals; Theoretical Analysis; Soil Water Movement; Mathematical Studies; Pore Size; Case Studies; Soil Properties; Permeability Coefficient; USA, Washington, Richland ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fish individual-based numerical simulator (FINS): a particle-based model of juvenile salmonid movement and dissolved gas exposure history in the Columbia River basin AN - 18375647; 5351134 AB - This paper describes a numerical model of juvenile salmonid movements in the Columbia and Snake Rivers. The model, called the Fish Individual-based Numerical Simulator or FINS, employs a discrete, particle-based approach to simulate the movements and history of exposure to dissolved gases of individual fish. FINS is linked to a two-dimensional (vertically-averaged) hydrodynamic simulator that quantifies local water velocity, temperature, and dissolved gas levels as a function of river flow rates and dam operations. Simulated gas exposure histories can be input to biological mortality models to predict the effects of various river configurations on fish injury and mortality due to dissolved gas supersaturation. Therefore, FINS serves as a critical linkage between hydrodynamic models of the river system and models of biological effects. FINS model parameters were based on observations of individual fish movements collected using radiotelemetry methods during 1997 and 1998. A quasi-inverse approach was used to decouple fish swimming movements from advection with the local water velocity, allowing inference of time series of non-advective displacements of individual fish from the radiotelemetry data. Statistical analyzes of these displacements confirm that strong temporal correlation of fish swimming behavior persists in some cases over several hours. A correlated random-walk model was employed to simulate the observed behavior, and parameters of the model were estimated that lead to close correspondence between predictions and observations. JF - Ecological Modelling AU - Scheibe, T D AU - Richmond, M C AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MS K9-36, Richland, WA 99352, USA, tim.scheibe@pnl.gov Y1 - 2002/01/30/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jan 30 SP - 233 EP - 252 VL - 147 IS - 3 SN - 0304-3800, 0304-3800 KW - Salmonids KW - dissolved gas KW - Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts KW - D 04003:Modeling, mathematics, computer applications KW - Q1 01421:Migrations and rhythms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18375647?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Modelling&rft.atitle=Fish+individual-based+numerical+simulator+%28FINS%29%3A+a+particle-based+model+of+juvenile+salmonid+movement+and+dissolved+gas+exposure+history+in+the+Columbia+River+basin&rft.au=Scheibe%2C+T+D%3BRichmond%2C+M+C&rft.aulast=Scheibe&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2002-01-30&rft.volume=147&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=233&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Modelling&rft.issn=03043800&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Blind field test evaluation of Raman spectroscopy as a forensic tool. AN - 71463212; 11852198 AB - Analytical instrumentation for Raman spectroscopy has advanced rapidly in recent years to the point where commercial field-portable instruments are available. Raman analysis with portable instrumentation is a new capability that can provide emergency response teams with on-site evaluation of hazardous materials. Before Raman analysis is accepted and implemented in the field, realistic studies applied to unknown samples need to be performed to define the reliability of this technique. Studies described herein provide a rigorous blind field test that utilizes two instruments and two operators to analyze a matrix that consists of 58 unknown samples. Samples were searched against a custom hazardous materials reference library (Hazardous Material Response Unit (HMRU) Spectral Library Database). Experimental design included a number of intentionally difficult situations including binary solvent mixtures and a variety of compounds that yield medium-quality spectra that were not contained in the HMRU library. Results showed that over 97% of the samples were correctly identified with no occurrences of false positive identifications (compounds that were not in the library were never identified as library constituents). Statistical analysis indicated equivalent performance for both the operators and instruments. These results indicate a high level of performance that should extrapolate to actual field situations. Implementation of Raman techniques to emergency field situations should proceed with a corresponding level of confidence. JF - Forensic science international AU - Harvey, S D AU - Vucelick, M E AU - Lee, R N AU - Wright, B W AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Battelle Boulevard, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA. scott.harvey@pnl.gov Y1 - 2002/01/24/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jan 24 SP - 12 EP - 21 VL - 125 IS - 1 SN - 0379-0738, 0379-0738 KW - Hazardous Substances KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Equipment Design KW - Humans KW - Program Development KW - Observer Variation KW - Forensic Medicine -- standards KW - Forensic Medicine -- statistics & numerical data KW - Forensic Medicine -- methods KW - Spectrum Analysis, Raman -- instrumentation KW - Hazardous Substances -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71463212?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Forensic+science+international&rft.atitle=Blind+field+test+evaluation+of+Raman+spectroscopy+as+a+forensic+tool.&rft.au=Harvey%2C+S+D%3BVucelick%2C+M+E%3BLee%2C+R+N%3BWright%2C+B+W&rft.aulast=Harvey&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-01-24&rft.volume=125&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=12&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Forensic+science+international&rft.issn=03790738&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-04-23 N1 - Date created - 2002-02-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermosensitive sol-gel reversible hydrogels. AN - 71343186; 11755705 AB - Aqueous polymer solutions that are transformed into gels by changes in environmental conditions, such as temperature and pH, thus resulting in in situ hydrogel formation, have recently attracted the attention of many investigators for scientific interest and for practical biomedical or pharmaceutical applications. When the hydrogel is formed under physiological conditions and maintains its integrity for a desired period of time, the process may provide various advantages over conventional hydrogels. Because of the simplicity of pharmaceutical formulation by solution mixing, biocompatibility with biological systems, and convenient administration, the pharmaceutical and biomedical uses of the water-based sol-gel transition include solubilization of low-molecular-weight hydrophobic drugs, controlled release, labile biomacromolecule delivery, such as proteins and genes, cell immobilization, and tissue engineering. When the formed gel is proven to be biocompatible and biodegradable, producing non-toxic degradation products, it will provide further benefits for in vivo applications where degradation is desired. It is timely to summarize the polymeric systems that undergo sol-gel transitions, particularly due to temperature, with emphasis on the underlying transition mechanisms and potential delivery aspects. This review stresses the polymeric systems of natural or modified natural polymers, N-isopropylacrylamide copolymers, poly(ethylene oxide)/poly(propylene oxide) block copolymers, and poly(ethylene glycol)/poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) block copolymers. JF - Advanced drug delivery reviews AU - Jeong, Byeongmoon AU - Kim, Sung Wan AU - Bae, You Han AD - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), 902 Battelle Blvd. P.O. Box 999, K2-44, Richland, WA 99352, USA. Y1 - 2002/01/17/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jan 17 SP - 37 EP - 51 VL - 54 IS - 1 SN - 0169-409X, 0169-409X KW - Hydrogels KW - 0 KW - Polymers KW - Index Medicus KW - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration KW - Temperature KW - Drug Delivery Systems KW - Tissue Engineering KW - Polymers -- chemistry KW - Hydrogels -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71343186?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advanced+drug+delivery+reviews&rft.atitle=Thermosensitive+sol-gel+reversible+hydrogels.&rft.au=Jeong%2C+Byeongmoon%3BKim%2C+Sung+Wan%3BBae%2C+You+Han&rft.aulast=Jeong&rft.aufirst=Byeongmoon&rft.date=2002-01-17&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=37&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advanced+drug+delivery+reviews&rft.issn=0169409X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-02-21 N1 - Date created - 2001-12-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microdosimetric properties of ionizing electrons in water: a test of the PENELOPE code system. AN - 71402001; 11814229 AB - The ability to simulate the tortuous path of very low-energy electrons in condensed matter is important for a variety of applications in radiobiology. Event-by-event Monte Carlo codes such as OREC, MOCA and PITS represent the preferred method of computing distributions of microdosimetric quantities. However, event-by-event Monte Carlo is computationally expensive, and the cross sections needed to transport simulations to this level of detail are usually only available for water. In the recently developed PENELOPE code system, 'hard' electron and positron interactions are simulated in a detailed way while soft' interactions are treated using multiple scattering theory. Using this mixed simulation algorithm, electrons and positrons can be transported down to energies as low as 100 eV. To our knowledge, PENELOPE is the first widely available, general purpose Monte Carlo code system capable of transporting electrons and positrons in arbitrary media down to such low energies. The ability to transport elect